hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
St Michael and All Angels' Church, Downholme
St Michael and All Angels' Church is an Anglican church in Downholme, a village in North Yorkshire, in England.

The church was built about 1180, initially consisting of a nave and chancel.  A north aisle was added around 1200, and the chancel was rebuilt about 1330.  About 1430, the aisle was extended to create a north chapel.  The church was restored in 1811, when a porch was added, and again in 1886 and 1894.  It was grade II* listed in 1969.

The church is built of stone and has an artificial slate roof.  It consists of a nave with a north aisle, a south porch, a chancel with a north aisle, and a corniced bellcote on the west gable.  The porch is gabled, and contains a round-arched doorway with voussoirs, imposts and a keystone.  The inner doorway is Norman with one order of shafts and a chevroned arch.  Inside, there is a 12th-century octagonal font and a piscina.

Bell-cot
A bellcote, bell-cote or bell-cot is a small framework and shelter for one or more bells.  Bellcotes are most common in church architecture but are also seen on institutions such as schools. The bellcote may be carried on brackets projecting from a wall or built on the roof of chapels or churches that have no towers. The bellcote often holds the Sanctus bell that is rung at the consecration of the Eucharist.

The bellcote is mentioned throughout history books when referring to older structures and communities. Bromsgrove church: its history and antiquities is one example which goes into depth about the construction and maintenance of the bellcote.  Bellcotes are also discussed in The Wiltshire Archæological and Natural History Magazine, Volume 8 and Proceedings of the Somersetshire Archaeological and Natural ..., Volume 29.

A bell-gable is similar, located at the apex of a gable or building end wall.
1984 Northern Sumatra earthquake
The 1984 Northern Sumatra earthquake occurred with a moment magnitude of 7.2 on November 17 at 06:49 UTC. The epicentre was located off the coast of Sumatra, near the island of Nias, where building damage was reported. This earthquake could be strongly felt in parts of Northern Sumatra, including Padang and Medan. The focal mechanism corresponded to reverse faulting.

Focal mechanism
The focal mechanism of an earthquake describes the deformation in the source region that generates the seismic waves. In the case of a fault-related event, it refers to the orientation of the fault plane that slipped, and the slip vector and is also known as a fault-plane solution. Focal mechanisms are derived from a solution of the moment tensor for the earthquake, which itself is estimated by an analysis of observed seismic waveforms. The focal mechanism can be derived from observing the pattern of "first motions", whether the first arriving P waves break up or down. This method was used before waveforms were recorded and analysed digitally, and this method is still used for earthquakes too small for easy moment tensor solution. Focal mechanisms are now mainly derived using semi-automatic analysis of the recorded waveforms.
Les Pléiades
Les Pléiades (1,397 m) are a mountain of the Swiss Prealps, overlooking Lake Geneva in the Swiss canton of Vaud. They are located north of Blonay.

A railway connects Vevey and Blonay to a secondary summit (1,361 m) of Les Pléiades. The railway is operated by the company Transports Montreux–Vevey–Riviera.

Vevey
Vevey (/vəˈveɪ/; French pronunciation: [vəvɛ] ⓘ; Arpitan: Vevê; former German: Vivis) is a town in Switzerland in the canton of Vaud, on the north shore of Lake Geneva, near Lausanne.  The German name Vivis is no longer commonly used.

It was the seat of the district of the same name until 2006, and is now part of the Riviera-Pays-d'Enhaut District. It is part of the French-speaking area of Switzerland.

Vevey is home to the world headquarters of the international food and beverage company Nestlé, founded here in 1867. Milk chocolate was invented in Vevey by Daniel Peter in 1875, with the aid of Henri Nestlé. The English actor and comedian Charlie Chaplin resided in Vevey from 1952 until his death in 1977.
Pieter Stadnitski
Pieter Stadnitski (2 April 1735 – 29 November 1795) was a Dutch broker and financier who invested in the United States, including federal and state debt, canal companies, and land speculation, especially the Holland Land Company. He was the first to bring speculative American bonds – issued by the Congress to finance the American War of Independence – to the Amsterdam market in 1787. Stadnitski was co-founder in 1789 and from 1793 head of a small group of Amsterdam trading houses that bought land in the states of New York and Pennsylvania on a large scale. His role was considered significant by Thomas Jefferson.

Broker
A broker is a person or entity that arranges transactions between a buyer and a seller. This may be done for a commission when the deal is executed. A broker who also acts as a seller or as a buyer becomes a principal party to the deal. Neither role should be confused with that of an agent—one who acts on behalf of a principal party in a deal.
C-TRAN
C-TRAN or C-Tran refers to any of four different public transit systems in the United States:

C-TRAN (Georgia) in Clayton County, Georgia (Atlanta area)

C TRAN (New York) in Chemung County (Elmira)

C-TRAN (North Carolina) in Wake County, North Carolina (Research Triangle)

C-Tran (Washington) in Clark County, Washington (Vancouver)

GoCary
GoCary is the public transportation provider in Cary, a community in the Research Triangle urbanized area in North Carolina. While the city of Raleigh provides service to most of the county via GoRaleigh, Cary opted to retain its own town-owned system. Raleigh, Durham, Chapel Hill, Cary, and Wake Forest, the five cities that constitute the region, are connected by GoTriangle. Fixed-route service operates Monday through Saturday from 6 a.m. to 10 p.m. and Sundays from 7 a.m. to 9 p.m. As part of the GoTransit branding initiative for the Triangle, GoCary changed its name from Cary Transit or C-Tran on October 1, 2016.
Hong Kong–Shenzhen Western Express Railway
Hong Kong–Shenzhen Western Railway (Chinese: 港深西部鐵路) is a proposed cross-border railway connecting Hung Shui Kiu in northwestern Hong Kong to Qianhai in Shenzhen. It is expected to open in 2035 as the third cross-border railway in Hong Kong, after the Guangzhou–Kowloon through train and Guangzhou–Shenzhen–Hong Kong Express Rail Link.

Tuen Mun
Tuen Mun (Chinese: 屯門) or Castle Peak is an area near the mouth of Tuen Mun River and Castle Peak Bay in the west of New Territories, Hong Kong. It was one of the earliest settlements in what is now Hong Kong and can be dated to the Neolithic period. In the more recent past, it was home to many Tanka fishermen who gathered at Castle Peak Bay. Tuen Mun is now a modern, mainly residential area in the north-west New Territories. As of 2025, around 540,000 residents live in Tuen Mun.
2010 UNICEF Open – Women's doubles
Sara Errani and Flavia Pennetta were the defending champions, but Pennetta decided not to participate.Errani partnered up with Roberta Vinci, but they lost in the semifinals against Vania King and Yaroslava Shvedova. Alla Kudryavtseva and Anastasia Rodionova won in the final 3–6, 6–3, [10–6] against King and Shvedova .

Vania King
Vania King (born February 3, 1989) is a retired American tennis player. A former top-10 doubles player, King won both the Wimbledon and US Open women's doubles titles in 2010 with partner Yaroslava Shvedova, with whom she also reached the final of the 2011 US Open. She won a total of 15 doubles titles on the WTA Tour and reached a career-high ranking of No. 3 in the world. She also ended runner-up in the mixed-doubles final at the French Open in 2009, with Marcelo Melo.

In singles, King has been ranked as high as No. 50 in the world. Her biggest accomplishments included a WTA Tour title at the 2006 Bangkok Open and two runner-up finishes at the 2013 Guangzhou International and 2016 Jianxi International. She also progressed as far as the third round in Grand Slam tournaments, doing so on four occasions (the 2009 US Open, the 2011 French Open, the 2011 US Open, and the 2012 Australian Open).

King announced her retirement on April 6, 2021
The Big Sleep (band)
The Big Sleep are an American three-piece band based in Brooklyn, New York. The band consists of Sonya Balchandani (bass/vocals), Danny Barria (guitar/vocals), and Gabe Rhodes (drums). The Big Sleep are signed to French Kiss Records.

Frenchkiss Records
Frenchkiss Records is an independent record label based in New York City. The label was started in 1999 by Syd Butler, bassist and founder of Les Savy Fav. The label's first purpose was to release Les Savy Fav's second album The Cat and The Cobra, but has since been the label responsible for discovering a varying array of artists such as the Hold Steady, the Antlers, the Dodos, Local Natives and Passion Pit. The label has recently added a music publishing side as well, Frenchkiss Publishing.

The company was acquired by The Orchard in September 2014.
Lactarius rufulus
Lactarius rufulus, also known as the rufous candy cap or the southern candy cap, is a species of fungus in the family Russulaceae. The fruit bodies have fleshy brownish-red caps up to 10 cm (3.9 in) wide, and closely spaced pinkish-yellow gills. The stem is up to 12 cm (4.7 in) long and 3 cm (1.2 in) thick and colored similarly to the cap. The fruit bodies resembles those of L. rufus, but L. rufulus tends to grow in clusters at a common base, rather than solitarily or in groups. A distinguishing microscopic characteristic is the near absence of large, spherical cells called sphaerocysts that are otherwise common in Lactarius species.

The species, known only from California, Arizona, and Mexico, grows on the ground in leaf litter near oak trees. Lactarius rufulus mushrooms are edible, and have an odor resembling maple syrup. They have been used to flavor confections and desserts.

Russulaceae
The Russulaceae are a diverse family of fungi in the order Russulales, with roughly 1,900 known species and a worldwide distribution. They comprise the brittlegills and the milk-caps, well-known mushroom-forming fungi that include some edible species. These gilled mushrooms are characterised by the brittle flesh of their fruitbodies.

In addition to these typical agaricoid forms, the family contains species with fruitbodies that are laterally striped (pleurotoid), closed (secotioid or gasteroid), or crust-like (corticioid). Molecular phylogenetics has demonstrated close affinities between species with very different fruitbody types and has discovered new, distinct lineages.

An important group of root-symbiotic ectomycorrhizal fungi in forests and shrublands around the world includes Lactifluus, Multifurca, Russula, and Lactarius. The crust-forming genera Boidinia, Gloeopeniophorella, and Pseudoxenasma, all wood-decay fungi, have basal positions in the family.
Martin Watier
Martin Watier (born October 25, 1973) is a Canadian actor born in Montreal. Specialized in dubbing, he is, among other things, the official French voice of actors including Colin Farrell, Jude Law, Jake Gyllenhaal, Josh Hartnett, Kevin Hart, Mark Wahlberg, Ben Foster and Paul Walker.

2009 in film
The year 2009 saw the release of many films. Seven made the top 50 list of highest-grossing films. Also in 2009, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences announced that as of that year, their Best Picture category would consist of ten nominees, rather than five (the first time since the 1943 awards).
Liebman's Deli
Liebman's Deli is a Jewish deli in Riverdale, New York and is the last-standing kosher deli in the Bronx. It was one of hundreds of kosher delis in the Bronx when it opened, but now is the sole representative of that cuisine in the borough. Liebman's was founded in 1953 by Joe Liebman and sold to Joseph Dekel in 1980. Yuval Dekel, his son, took over in 2002 when his father died. Dekel was previously a heavy metal drummer in a band, but now makes the pastrami and supervises the operation, along with his wife whom he met at the restaurant and now works there. The restaurant has opened a second location in Ardsley, New York. Liebman's is rated by Zagat and Michelin Guide. It was covered by Anthony Bourdain for Parts Unknown. Liebman's is noted for their matzo ball soup and house-made pastrami, and Jewish delicacies such as stuffed derma, knishes, pickles, as well as kosher wine. It is frequented by Jewish New York Mets player Harrison Bader, who grew up in nearby Bronxville, New York.

Kishka (food)
Kishka or kishke (Belarusian: кішка, kishka [ˈkʲiʂka]; Czech: jelito [ˈjɛlɪto]; Slovak: krvavnica [ˈkr̩vaʋɲit͡sa] (regionally also hurka); Polish: kiszka / kaszanka; Romanian: caltaboş; Yiddish: קישקע : kishke; Hebrew קישקע; Russian: кишка [kʲɪʂˈka] ⓘ; Ukrainian: кишка [ˈkɪʃkɐ] ⓘ; also Slovene: krvavica/kašnica; Lithuanian: vėdarai; Hungarian: hurka [ˈhurkɒ]) refers to various types of sausage or stuffed intestine with a filling made from a combination of meat and meal, often grain or potato. The dish is popular across Eastern Europe as well as with immigrant communities from those areas. It is also eaten by Ashkenazi Jews who prepare their version according to kashrut dietary laws.

The name kishke is Slavic in origin, and literally means "gut" or "intestine". It may be related to the Ancient Greek word κύστις (kystis), "bladder", as both words refer to a hollow viscus.
Sambraoghin
Sambraoghin is a commune in the Baskouré Department of Kouritenga Province in the Centre-Est region of Burkina Faso. It had a population of 1,124 in 2006.

In the 1985 census, one of Sambraoghin's neighbourhoods, Sambraobilin, was listed as a separate settlement with a population of 92.

Centre-Est Region
Centre-Est ([sɑ̃tʁ.ɛst], "East Central") is one of Burkina Faso's 13 administrative regions. The population of Centre-Est was 1,578,075 in 2019. The region's capital is Tenkodogo. Three provinces (Boulgou, Koulpélogo, and Kouritenga) make up the region.

As of 2019, the population of the region was 1,578,075 with 53.5% females. The population in the region was 7.7% of the total population of the country. The child mortality rate was 39, infant mortality rate was 56 and the mortality of children under five was 93. As of 2007, the literacy rate in the region was 16.6%, compared with a national average of 28.3%.
IP E-Games
IP E-Game Ventures Inc., also known as IP E-Games, was an online game publisher based in the Philippines under the IPVG Corporation.  In April 2012, IP E-Games ceased all operations in line with their merger into Level Up! Games Inc. The company published online entertainment casual games along with massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPG).

Casual game
A casual game is a video game targeted at a mass market audience, as opposed to a hardcore game, which is targeted at hobbyist gamers. Casual games may exhibit any type of gameplay and genre. They generally involve simpler rules, shorter sessions, and require less learned skill. They do not expect familiarity with a standard set of mechanics, controls, and tropes.

Countless casual games have been developed and published, alongside hardcore games, across the history of video games.  A concerted effort to capitalize on casual games grew in the 1990s and 2000s, as many developers and publishers branded themselves as casual game companies, publishing games especially for PCs, web browsers, and smartphones.
Bdellodus
Bdellodus is an extinct genus of hybodont from the Early Jurassic epoch of the Jurassic Period. The name roughly translates to "leech tooth." Friedrich August von Quenstedt named them this due to their "coal-black" color which he associated with leeches. It is monotypic, containing only the species B. bollensis. It is known from the Toarcian of Germany. It was named on an associated dentition. It is often placed in the subfamily Acrodontinae alongside other durophagous hybodontids.

Toarcian
The Toarcian is, in the ICS' geologic timescale, an age and stage in the Early or Lower Jurassic. It spans the time between 184.2 Ma (million years ago) and 174.7 ±0.8 Ma.  It follows the Pliensbachian and is followed by the Aalenian.

The Toarcian Age began with the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event, a major anoxic event associated with marine extinctions and increased global temperatures  that sets its fossil faunas apart from the previous Pliensbachian age. It is believed to have ended with a global cooling event known as the Comptum Cooling Event, although whether it represented a worldwide event is controversial.
Suda Bay Passage
Suda Bay Passage is a channel through reef just north of North Island in the Houtman Abrolhos. Located at 28°17′29″S 113°36′35″E﻿ / ﻿28.29139°S 113.60972°E﻿ / -28.29139; 113.60972, it is named after the Suda Bay, which was used for lobster fishing around North Island in the late 1940s.

Panulirus cygnus
Panulirus cygnus is a species of spiny lobster (family Palinuridae), found off the west coast of Australia. Panulirus cygnus is the basis of Australia's most valuable fishery, making up 20% of value of Australia's total fishing industry, and is identified as the western rock lobster.
Pontus Wernbloom
Pontus Anders Mikael Wernbloom (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈpɔ̌nːtɵs ˈvæ̂ːɳblʊm]; born 25 June 1986) is a Swedish former professional footballer who played as a midfielder. Beginning his professional career with IFK Göteborg in 2005, he went on to represent AZ, CSKA Moscow, and PAOK before retiring at IFK Göteborg in 2021. A full international between 2007 and 2016, he won 51 caps for the Sweden national team and was a squad player at UEFA Euro 2012 and 2016.

Russian Cup (football)
The Russian Cup (Russian: Кубок России) is a football competition held annually by the Football Union of Russia for professional  and some amateur (only after a special permission and licensing by Russian Football Union) football clubs.

The winner of the competition ordinarily got a spot in the UEFA Europa League first qualifying round. However, all Russian clubs, as well as the national team, have been barred from European competition due to Russia's invasion of Ukraine.
Police Services Act (Ontario)
The Police Services Act (French: Loi sur les services policiers; R.S.O. 1990, chapter P.15) ("the Act") was the law governing the conduct of police officers in the province of Ontario, Canada. In addition to regulating the conduct of police officers, the law also established the Special Investigations Unit, a civilian oversight agency which conducts independent investigations where police actions have resulted in the death or injury of a civilian.

Enforcing the legislation is within the responsibility of the Ministry of the Solicitor General.  The Act is usually invoked in investigation or charges against police officers for disreputable conduct in accordance with s. 2(1) Police Services Act, Ontario Regulation 268/10.

Ministry of the Solicitor General
The Ministry of the Solicitor General (French: Ministère du Solliciteur général; formerly known as the Ministry of Community Safety and Correctional Services) is the ministry in the Government of Ontario responsible for public security, law enforcement and policing, emergency management, correctional and detention centres/jails and organizations such as the Ontario Provincial Police, Emergency Management Ontario, and the Office of the Fire Marshal.

The minister responsible is Michael Kerzner, Solicitor General of Ontario.
2023 SBS Entertainment Awards
The 2023 SBS Entertainment Awards (Korean: SBS 연예대상; Hanja: SBS 演藝大賞; RR: SBS Yeon-ye Daesang) presented by Seoul Broadcasting System (SBS), took place on December 30, 2023, at SBS Prism Tower in Sangam-dong, Mapo-gu, Seoul. The award ceremony was hosted by Lee Sang-min, Lee Hyun-i and Kim Ji-eun.

Mapo District
Mapo District (Korean: 마포구; RR: Mapo-gu) is one of the 25 districts of Seoul, South Korea. Mapo has a population of 381,330 (2015) and has a geographic area of 23.87 km2 (9.22 sq mi), and is divided into 24 dong (administrative neighborhoods). Mapo is located in western Seoul on the northern bank of the Han River, bordering the Gyeonggi Province city of Goyang to the northwest, and the Seoul city districts of Gangseo to the west, Yeongdeungpo to the south, Yongsan to the southeast, Jung to the east, and Seodaemun and Eunpyeong to the north.

Mapo is home to several universities and government buildings, and is well known for the Hongdae club district around Hongik University. Mapo is connected to the Seoul Metropolitan Subway's Line 2, Line 5, and Line 6, as well as the Airport Railroad, and the Korail Gyeongui-Jungang Line, which all pass through this district. The Seoul World Cup Stadium, a famous landmark in Seoul, is located in Sangam in northwest Mapo.
Takeshi Oka
Takeshi Oka (岡 武史, Oka Takeshi; born 1932), FRS FRSC, is a Japanese-American spectroscopist and astronomer specializing in the field of galactic astronomy, known as a pioneer of astrochemistry and the co-discoverer of interstellar trihydrogen cation (H+3).
He is now R.A. Milliken Distinguished Service Emeritus Professor, Departments of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Chemistry; Enrico Fermi Institute; and the College of University of Chicago.

Enrico Fermi Institute
The Enrico Fermi Institute is a physics research institute of the  University of Chicago. It was founded in September 1945  with Samuel King Allison as director. On November 20, 1955, it was renamed The Enrico Fermi Institute for Nuclear Studies. The name was shortened to The Enrico Fermi Institute (EFI) in January 1968.

Physicist Enrico Fermi was heavily involved in the founding years of the institute, and it was at his request that Allison took the position as the first director.  In addition to Fermi and Allison, the initial faculty included Harold C. Urey,  Edward Teller, Joseph E. Mayer, and Maria Goeppert Mayer.
ATP cone
In molecular biology, the ATP-cone is an evolutionarily mobile, ATP-binding regulatory domain which is found in a variety of proteins including ribonucleotide reductases, phosphoglycerate kinases and transcriptional regulators.

In ribonucleotide reductase protein R1 from Escherichia coli this domain is located at the N terminus, and is composed mostly of helices. It forms part of the allosteric effector region and contains the general allosteric activity site in a cleft located at the tip of the N-terminal region. This site binds either ATP (activating) or dATP (inhibitory), with the base bound in a hydrophobic pocket and the phosphates bound to basic residues. Substrate binding to this site is thought to affect enzyme activity by altering the relative positions of the two subunits of ribonucleotide reductase.

The ATP-cone domain also is a key part of NrdR, that controls transcription of ribonucleotide reductases in bacteria, in response to ATP and dATP levels.

Alpha helix
An alpha helix (or α-helix) is a sequence of amino acids in a protein that are twisted into a coil (a helix).

The alpha helix is the most common structural arrangement in the secondary structure of proteins. It is also the most extreme type of local structure, and it is the local structure that is most easily predicted from a sequence of amino acids.

The alpha helix has a right-handed helix conformation in which every backbone N−H group hydrogen bonds to the backbone C=O group of the amino acid that is four residues earlier in the protein sequence.
Katsumi Fujimoto
Katsumi Fujimoto (藤本 勝巳, Fujimoto Katsumi; born August 8, 1937) is a former Japanese Nippon Professional Baseball first baseman and outfielder. He played for the Osaka/Hanshin Tigers from 1956 to 1967.

Hanshin Tigers
The Hanshin Tigers (阪神タイガース, Hanshin Taigāsu) are a Nippon Professional Baseball team playing in the Central League. The team is based in Nishinomiya, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan, next to their main stadium, Hanshin Koshien Stadium.

The Tigers are owned by Hanshin Electric Railway Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of Hankyu Hanshin Holdings Inc.

The Hanshin Tigers are one of the oldest professional clubs in Japan. They played their first season in 1936 as the Osaka Tigers and assumed their current team name in 1961.