hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Moluccan king parrot
The Moluccan king parrot (Alisterus amboinensis) is a parrot endemic to Peleng Island, Maluku, and West Papua in Indonesia. It is sometimes referred to as the Ambon king parrot or Amboina king parrot, but this is potentially misleading, as it is found on numerous other islands than Ambon. The male and female are similar in appearance, with a predominantly red head and underparts, green wings (blue in one subspecies), and blue back and tail. Six subspecies are recognised, but only a few of these are regular in aviculture. In the wild, it inhabits rainforests and feeds on fruits, berries, seeds and buds.

Bud
In botany, a bud is an undeveloped or embryonic shoot and normally occurs in the axil of a leaf or at the tip of a stem. Once formed, a bud may remain for some time in a dormant condition, or it may form a shoot immediately. Buds may be specialized to develop flowers or short shoots or may have the potential for general shoot development. The term bud is also used in zoology, where it refers to an outgrowth from the body which can develop into a new individual.
Roseateles terrae
Roseateles terrae is a Gram-negative, aerobic, oxidase- and catalase-positive bacterium with a single polar flagellum from the genus Roseateles, which was isolated from soil in Japan. Its cell length is 2 μm and width is 0.5 μm. It does not produce pigments.

Oxidase
In biochemistry, an oxidase is an oxidoreductase (any enzyme that catalyzes a redox reaction) that uses dioxygen (O2) as the electron acceptor. In reactions involving donation of a hydrogen atom, oxygen is reduced to water (H2O) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Some oxidation reactions, such as those involving monoamine oxidase or xanthine oxidase, typically do not involve free molecular oxygen.

The oxidases are a subclass of the oxidoreductases. The use of dioxygen is the only unifying feature; in the EC classification, these enzymes are scattered in many categories.
Journal of International Dispute Settlement
The Journal of International Dispute Settlement is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering international dispute resolution in a combination of theoretical and practical approaches. The journal is hosted by the University of Geneva law school and the Geneva Graduate Institute. It was established in 2010 by Thomas Schultz (King's College London, University of Geneva, and Geneva Graduate Institute). It is published by Oxford University Press. The journal has a 2023 impact factor of 0.9.

Dispute resolution
Dispute resolution or dispute settlement is the process of resolving disputes between parties. The term dispute resolution is conflict resolution through legal means.

Prominent venues for dispute settlement in international law include the International Court of Justice (formerly the Permanent Court of International Justice); the United Nations Human Rights Committee (which operates under the ICCPR) and European Court of Human Rights; the Panels and Appellate Body of the World Trade Organization; and the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea. Half of all international agreements include a dispute settlement mechanism.

States are also known to form their own arbitration tribunals to settle disputes. Prominent private international courts, which adjudicate disputes between commercial private entities, include the International Court of Arbitration (of the International Chamber of Commerce) and the London Court of International Arbitration.
1334 Lundmarka
1334 Lundmarka, provisional designation 1934 OB, is a carbonaceous asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 30 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 16 July 1934, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at Heidelberg Observatory in southern Germany, and named after Swedish astronomer Knut Lundmark.

Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory
Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory (German: Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Königstuhl) is a historic astronomical observatory located near the summit of the Königstuhl hill in the city of Heidelberg in Germany. It is operated by the Center for Astronomy (ZAH) at the University of Heidelberg.

The predecessor of the current observatory was originally opened in 1774 in the nearby city of Mannheim but degradation of observational conditions there resulted in a relocation to the Königstuhl in 1898.

The Observatory facility have little value for current astronomical research of ZAH; research is done with the Gama Ray H.E.S.S in Namibia and ESO facilities in Chile.

Andreas Quirrenbach is the observatory's director since 2005.
Severity factor
A severity factor is established as a coefficient to assess the dielectric severity supported by a transformer winding considering the incoming transient overvoltage (voltage spike). It determines the safety margin regarding to the standard acceptance tests either in the frequency or time domain.

Severity factors are a newly concept for analyzing the dielectric severity supported along transformer windings when a transformer is submitted to a non-standardized transient voltage waveform induced from the power system.

Two are the new factors considered for evaluating the severity supported by the insulation windings both in factory and in service. One factor is called Time Domain Severity Factor (TDSF) and another one is the Frequency Domain Severity Factor (FDSF).

Overvoltage
In electrical engineering, overvoltage is the raising of voltage beyond the design limit of a circuit or circuit element. The conditions may be hazardous.  Depending on its duration, the overvoltage event can be transient—a short (milliseconds) voltage spike—or sustained (also known as power frequency overvoltage) with a stable value on multiple terminals. In an electrical grid, voltage control and reactive power management are inseparable facets of a single activity.
Scientific plagiarism in India
A lack of oversight and a lack of proper training for scientists have led to the rise of plagiarism and research misconduct in India. India does not have a statutory body to deal with scientific misconduct in academia, like the Office of Research Integrity in the US, and hence cases of plagiarism are often dealt in ad-hoc fashion with different routes being followed in different cases. In most cases, a public and media outcry leads to an investigation either by institutional authorities or by independent enquiry committees. Plagiarists have in some cases been suspended, removed or demoted. However, no fixed route has been prescribed to monitor such activities. This has led to calls for establishment of an independent ethics body.

United States Office of Research Integrity
The Office of Research Integrity (ORI) is a U.S. government agency that focuses on research integrity, especially in health. It was created when the Office of Scientific Integrity (OSI) in the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Office of Scientific Integrity Review (OSIR) in the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health merged in May 1992. The Office of Research Integrity oversees and directs Public Health Service (PHS) research integrity activities on behalf of the Secretary of Health and Human Services, except for the regulatory research integrity activities of the Food and Drug Administration. Organizationally, ORI is located within the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health (OASH) within the Office of the Secretary of Health and Human Services (OS), in the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS).
Chrysoteuchia
Chrysoteuchia is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae described by Jacob Hübner in 1825. Most are native to Asia.

The cranberry girdler (C. topiarius) is a pest of turfgrasses in North America. It also attacks cranberry and fir.

There were about thirty species in the genus as of 2010.

Fir
Firs are evergreen coniferous trees belonging to the genus Abies (Latin: [ˈabieːs]) in the family Pinaceae. There are approximately 48–65 extant species, found on mountains throughout much of North and Central America, Eurasia, and North Africa. The genus is most closely related to Keteleeria, a small genus confined to eastern Asia.

They are tall trees that can be distinguished from other members of the pine family by the way in which their needle-like leaves are attached singly to the branches with a circular base, and by their cones, which, like those of cedars, stand upright on the branches like candles and disintegrate at maturity.

The wood of firs is used for pulp to make paper, for plywood, and for indoor construction. Some species serve as Christmas trees, while others are used as decorative trees with their brightly coloured cones. In art, Lucas Cranach the Elder painted Madonna under the fir tree for Wrocław Cathedral in 1510.
Tickalara
Tickalara Station, most commonly known as Tickalara, is a pastoral lease that operates as a cattle station in south west Queensland.

It is situated about 92 kilometres (57 mi) north of Tibooburra and 172 kilometres (107 mi) south east of Innamincka.

The Fitzgerald brothers owned the station from 1887 to 1897 and lost about £100,000 over those 10 years.

Innamincka, South Australia
Innamincka, formerly Hopetoun, is a township and locality in north-east South Australia. By air it is 820 kilometres (510 miles) north-east of the state capital, Adelaide, and 365 kilometres (227 miles) north-east of the closest town, Lyndhurst. It is  66 kilometres (41 miles) north-east of the Moomba Gas Refinery. The town lies within the Innamincka Regional Reserve and is surrounded by the Strzelecki Desert to the south and the Sturt Stony Desert to the north. It is linked by road to Lyndhurst via the Strzelecki Track, to the Birdsville Developmental Road via Cordillo Downs Road and Arrabury Road (via Haddon Corner), and the Walkers Crossing Track to the Birdsville Track. The Walkers Crossing Track is closed in summer and only traversable in dry weather. The township is situated along the Cooper Creek, a part of the Lake Eyre basin.
HNoMS Storm
Several ships of the Royal Norwegian Navy have borne the name HNoMS Storm:

HNoMS Storm (1898) was a 1.-class torpedo boat launched in 1898 and wrecked by grounding in 1940.

HNoMS Storm (P960) was a Storm-class fast patrol boat completed on 31 May 1963

HNoMS Storm (1967) was a Storm-class fast patrol boat launched on 6 October 1967 and completed on 28 November 1967.

HNoMS Storm (P961) is a Skjold-class patrol boat launched on 1 November 2006.

HNoMS Storm (1898)
HNoMS Storm was a 1.-class torpedo boat constructed in 1898. Storm served the Royal Norwegian Navy for almost 42 years, including neutrality protection duties during the First World War. She was lost in the 1940 Norwegian campaign of the Second World War. During the Norwegian Campaign, she was the only Norwegian warship that launched a torpedo against the invading Germans.
1807 Ohio gubernatorial election
The 1807 Ohio gubernatorial election was held on October 13, 1807, in order to elect the Governor of Ohio. Democratic-Republican candidate and former Chief Justice of the Ohio Supreme Court Return J. Meigs Jr. initially won the election against fellow Democratic-Republican candidates Nathaniel Massie and Thomas Worthington. However, it was determined by the Ohio State Legislature that Meigs did not meet the residency requirements in order to take office as Governor of Ohio. The Ohio State Legislature thereby declared Massie the winner of the election, but he refused to accept the position of Governor. Therefor incumbent Democratic-Republican Acting Governor Thomas Kirker remained Governor until the next election.

Ohio General Assembly
The Ohio General Assembly is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Ohio. It consists of the 99-member Ohio House of Representatives and the 33-member Ohio Senate. Both houses of the General Assembly meet at the Ohio Statehouse in Columbus.
Hans Söderström
Hans Erik "Hatto" Söderström (born 21 January 1957) is a Swedish curler, a two-time European championship silver medallist (1978, 1979) and a 1981 Swedish men's curling champion.

In 1981 he was inducted into the Swedish Curling Hall of Fame.

European Curling Championships
The European Curling Championships are annual curling tournaments held in Europe between various European nations. The European Curling Championships are usually held in early to mid December. The tournament also acts as a qualifier for the World Championships, where the top eight nations qualify. Starting in the 2026–27 curling season, the event changed into a standalone event, where the top 10 European member associations in previous season’s World Championships qualify.

In November 1974, a six-nations tournament was held in Zürich, Switzerland which included Switzerland, Sweden, Germany, France, Italy, and Norway. In March 1975, it was decided that the championships would be competed in December.  At the semi-annual general meeting in Gävle, Sweden in April 2004, a new competition called the European Mixed Curling Championships was formed.
Silvia Croatto
Silvia Croatto  (born (1973-05-06)6 May 1973) is a retired Italian female volleyball player. She was part of the Italy women's national volleyball team winning the silver medal at the 2001 Women's European Volleyball Championship.

She participated in the 1994 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship.
She also played at the 2003 Women's European Volleyball Championship. On club level she played with Teodora Ravenna.

1994 FIVB Women's Volleyball World Championship
The 1994 FIVB Women's World Championship was the twelfth edition of the tournament, organised by the world's governing body, the FIVB. It was held from 17 to 30 October 1994 in São Paulo and Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Svobodny Trud
Svobodny Trud (Russian: Свобо́дный Труд, lit. free labor) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Svobodny Trud, Republic of Adygea, a village (khutor) in the Republic of Adygea

Svobodny Trud, Amur Oblast, a village (selo) in Amur Oblast

Svobodny Trud, name of several other rural localities

Amur Oblast
Amur Oblast (/əˈmʊər ˈɒblæst/) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located on the banks of the Amur and Zeya rivers in the Russian Far East. The oblast borders Heilongjiang province of the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the south.

The administrative center of the oblast, the city of Blagoveshchensk, is one of the oldest settlements in the far east of the country, founded in 1856. It is a traditional center of trade and gold mining. The territory is accessed by two railways: the Trans-Siberian Railway and the Baikal–Amur Mainline. As of the 2021 Census, the oblast's population was 766,912.
In re: Assent, Withholding or Reservation of Bills by the Governor and the President of India
In re: Assent, Withholding or Reservation of Bills by the Governor and the President of India, 2025 INSC 1333, is a presidential reference heard by the Supreme Court of India regarding the Court's authority to impose deadlines for the Governor and President under Articles 200 and 201 of the Constitution.

The matter arose out of the powers of the President of India, under Article 143 of the Constitution, to seek Supreme Court’s advisory jurisdiction on questions of law or fact. The president referred a total of 14 questions, challenging the Court's earlier verdict in State of Tamil Nadu v. Governor of Tamil Nadu, which ruled that the Governor of a state cannot exercise an absolute veto or a pocket veto over legislation duly passed by the State Legislatures.

The case was heard by a five-judge constitution bench of the Court led by Chief Justice of India B. R. Gavai. The court heard the matter for ten days and reserved its judgement on 11 September 2025.

State legislative assemblies of India
The State Legislative Assembly, also known as the Vidhan Sabha or the Saasana Sabha, is a legislative body in each of the states and certain union territories of India. Members of the legislative assembly are often directly elected to serve five year terms from single-member constituencies. A legislative assembly may be dissolved in a state of emergency, by the governor on request of the chief minister of the respective state or union territory, or if a motion of no confidence is passed against the ruling majority party or coalition.
Prague Grand Prix
The Prague Grand Prix is an annual running event which takes place in September in Prague, Czech Republic. It is a 10-kilometre race organised in the attractive surroundings of Prague city centre during evening twilight. The race was introduced in 1996 as the O2 Prague Grand Prix, and is a part of the RunCzech running circuit. The event holds IAAF Gold Label Road Race status.

The new course was introduced in 2013 and course records are held by Kenya's Rhonex Kipruto and Joyciline Jepkosgei.

O2 Czech Republic
O2 Czech Republic (operating under the O2 brand) is a major integrated operator in the Czech Republic. It is now operating more than six million lines, both fixed and mobile, making it one of the Czech Republic's largest providers of fully converged services. O2 Czech Republic operates a fixed and mobile network including a 3rd generation network, CDMA (for data), UMTS and EDGE, enabling voice, data and video transmission. O2 Czech Republic is also a provider of ICT services.

Previously two companies, fixed-line operator Český Telecom and mobile operator Eurotel, it was acquired by the Spanish company Telefónica in 2005 and merged into a single legal entity and given its present name on 1 July 2006 .

In 2013 it was announced that Telefónica would sell its stake in the company to PPF and the company would continue to use the O2 brand for a maximum of four years.  In August 2017 the brand license agreement was extended to 2022, with a 5 year extension to 2027 available.
Kaboré Tambi National Park
Kaboré Tambi National Park is a national park in Burkina Faso. It is situated between Ouagadougou and the border with Ghana and follows the course of the Nazinon river. Founded in 1976 as Pô National Park, it has been renamed in honor of a park ranger who was killed by poachers in 1991.

The vegetation in the park is mainly distributed in northern Sudan savanna grassland for the north and in the south, a blend of the southern Sudan savanna and northern Guinea savanna.

The park is an important birding area in Burkina Faso with bird species like the Senegal parrot, Violet turaco, Yellow-billed shrike, Blue Blair roller, Yellow penduline tit, pipes, Bearded barbet, Pied-winged swallow, Senegal eremomela, Blackcap babbler, Sun lark, Purple starling, Lavender waxbill, Chestnut-crowned sparrow-weaver, Brown-rumped bunting, and many others.

Brown-rumped bunting
The brown-rumped bunting (Emberiza affinis) is a species of bird in the family Emberizidae native to the Sudan (region) and adjacent areas. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.
Recent (2022) sightings have frequently taken place in Namibia, Ovamboland, Uukwaluudhi. This may be due to climate change.
Suharna Surapranata
Suharna Surapranata (born 14 December 1955) is an Indonesian physicist and politician from Bandung, West Java. He served as State Minister for Research and Technology in the Second United Indonesia Cabinet between 2009 and 2011, succeeding Kusmayanto Kadiman, until a reshuffle on 18 October 2011, replaced by Gusti Muhammad Hatta. He is a graduate of the Bandung Institute of Technology and the University of Indonesia.

He is co-founder of the Prosperous Justice Party and served as Chairman of the Central Advisory Council (MPP). He is also co-founder of the Scientists Society of Indonesia (MITI).

Bandung Institute of Technology
The Bandung Institute of Technology (Sundanese: ᮄᮔ᮪ᮞ᮪ᮒᮤᮒᮥᮒ᮪ ᮒᮦᮊ᮪ᮔᮧᮜᮧᮌᮤ ᮘᮔ᮪ᮓᮥᮀ, romanized: Institut Téknologi Bandung; Indonesian: Institut Teknologi Bandung, abbreviated as ITB) is a public research university located in Bandung, Indonesia. It has produced many notable leaders in science, engineering, politics, business, academia, and culture. ITB is one of the most prestigious universities in Indonesia.
Erlon Silva
Erlon de Souza Silva (born 23 June 1991) is a Brazilian sprint canoeist who competes in the 1000 m doubles event (C-2). He placed tenth at the 2012 Olympics and won a silver medal at the 2016 Rio Games. He won two more silver medals at the 2011 and 2015 Pan American Games and became a world champion in 2015.

Sprint canoe
A sprint canoe is a canoe used in International Canoe Federation canoe sprint. It is an open boat propelled by one, two or four paddlers from a kneeling position, using single-bladed paddles. The difficulty of balance can depend on how wide or narrow the canoe is, although regularly the less contact a canoe has with the water the faster it goes. This makes the narrower boats much faster and popular when it comes to racing.
HMS Cyane (1806)
HMS Cyane was a Royal Navy Banterer-class sixth-rate post ship of nominally 22 guns, built in 1806 at Topsham, near Exeter, England. She was ordered in January 1805 as HMS Columbine but renamed Cyane on 6 December of that year. Cyane had a distinguished career in British service that included the award in 1847 of a clasp to the Naval General Service Medal to any still surviving crew members of either of two actions. On 20 February 1815, she and HMS Levant engaged USS Constitution; outgunned, both had to surrender. She then served as USS Cyane, including a stint on anti-slavery duties, until she was broken up in 1836.

Sixth-rate
In the rating system of the Royal Navy used to categorise sailing warships, a sixth-rate was the designation for small warships mounting between 20 and 28 carriage-mounted guns on a single deck, sometimes with smaller guns on the upper works and sometimes without. It thus encompassed ships with up to 30 guns in all. In the first half of the 18th century the main battery guns were 6-pounders, but by mid-century these were supplanted by 9-pounders. 28-gun sixth-rates were classed as frigates, those smaller as 'post ships', indicating that they were still commanded by a full ('post') captain, as opposed to sloops of 18 guns and less, which were under commanders.
Water conflicts between Malaysia and Singapore
Singapore and Malaysia have a history of conflicts over water supplies ever since Singapore was separated from Malaysia in 1965.

In 1910, the municipal leadership of Singapore and Sultan Ibrahim of the state and territories of Johor in neighbouring Malaya signed an agreement that allowed Singapore to rent land in Johor and use its water for free. This was to ensure sufficient water supply in the rapidly modernising colonial city of Singapore during the 1900s.

The Municipal Water Department of Singapore, under David J. Murnane, began importing raw water from Gunong Pulai in 1927 and filtered water on 31 December 1929. Since then, several water agreements have been signed between the two countries.

Johor River
The Johor River (Malay: Sungai Johor) is the main river in the Malaysian state of Johor. The 122.7 km long river has a drainage basin of 2,636 km2 and flows in a roughly north–south direction, originating from Mount Gemuruh and then empties into the Strait of Johor. Its major tributaries are the Sayong, Linggiu, Tiram and Lebam Rivers. Its banks are also known to be the location of past capitals of Johor, the Johor Lama. The Sungai Johor Bridge, officially opened in June 2011, is the first bridge to span the river and is currently the longest river bridge in Malaysia.