hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sit Down, Man
Sit Down, Man is the second mixtape by American hip hop trio Das Racist. It was released as a free download by Greedhead Music, Mishka, and Mad Decent on September 14, 2010. It gained over 40,000 downloads in its first week of release. An album release show was held at Santos Party House on September 16, 2010.

Mad Decent
Mad Decent is an American record label founded by Diplo. The label has helped introduce Brazilian baile funk and Angolan kuduro to clubs around the world. In the early 2010s, it popularized moombahton, a genre of electronic dance music created by DJ Dave Nada. The genre on the label was mostly popularized by Dillon Francis after collaborating with Diplo on Francis' 2012 track "Que Que". The label is also known for its series of concerts in major cities known as the Mad Decent Block Party.
Kolathur, Tamil Nadu Assembly constituency
Kolathur, கொளத்தூர் (புதுக்கோட்டை) (சட்டமன்றத் தொகுதி - 190) was former state assembly constituency in Tamil Nadu. Formed in the year 1977, it was a part of Pudukkottai Lok Sabha constituency until the Delimitation of Constituencies, 2008. In the 2006 Assembly election, it had a total of 1,97,012 voters out of which 97,346 were male and 99,666 were female voters. After the delimitation, Kolathur (SC) was dissolved and its territories were shared between the newly formed Gandarvakottai and Viralimalai constituencies.

Electoral boundary delimitation
Electoral boundary delimitation (or simply boundary delimitation or delimitation) is the drawing of boundaries of electoral precincts and related divisions involved in elections, such as states, counties or other municipalities. It can also be called "redistribution" and is used to prevent unbalance of population across districts. In the United States, it is called redistricting. Unbalanced or discriminatory delimitation is called "gerrymandering". Though there are no internationally agreed processes that guarantee fair delimitation, several organizations, such as the Commonwealth Secretariat, the European Union and the International Foundation for Electoral Systems (IFES) have proposed guidelines for effective delimitation.
Bowes Castle
Bowes Castle is a medieval castle in the village of Bowes in County Durham, England. Built within the perimeter of the former Roman fort of Lavatrae, on the Roman road that is now the A66, the early timber castle on the site was replaced by a more substantial stone structure between 1170 and 1174 on the orders of Henry II. A planned village was built alongside the castle. Bowes Castle withstood Scottish attack during the Great Revolt of 1173–74 but was successfully looted by rebels in 1322. The castle went into decline and was largely dismantled after the English Civil War. The ruins are now owned by English Heritage and managed as a tourist attraction. There is free admission during daylight hours.

A66 road
The A66 is a major road in Northern England, which in part follows the course of the Roman road from Scotch Corner to Penrith. It runs from east of Middlesbrough in North Yorkshire to Workington in Cumbria. The road has been progressively improved with dual carriageway sections, but with stretches of single carriageway road. The road is set to be completely dualled between Scotch Corner and Penrith, with a £1.3 billion scheme being announced in March 2024.
Judeo-Yemeni Arabic
Judeo-Yemeni Arabic (also known as Judeo-Yemeni and Yemenite Judeo-Arabic) is a variety of Arabic spoken by Jews from Yemen. The language is written in the Hebrew alphabet. The cities of Sana'a, Aden, al-Bayda, and Habban District and the villages in their districts each have their own dialect.

The vast majority of Yemenite Jews have relocated to Israel and have shifted to Modern Hebrew as their first language. In 1995, Israel was home to 50,000 speakers of Judeo-Yemeni in 1995, while 1,000 remained in Yemen. According to Yemeni rabbi al-Marhabi, most of them have since left for the United States. In 2010, fewer than 300 Jews were believed to remain in Yemen. As of 2022, only one Jew is believed to remain in Yemen.

Language shift
Language shift, also known as language transfer, language replacement or language assimilation, is the process whereby a speech community shifts to a different language, usually over an extended period of time. Often, languages that are perceived to be of higher-status stabilize or spread at the expense of other languages that are perceived—even by their own speakers—to have lower status. An example is the shift from Gaulish to Latin during the time of the Roman Empire.

Language assimilation may operate alongside other aspects of cultural assimilation when different cultures meet and merge.
NGC 6331
NGC 6331 is a type E elliptical galaxy located in the Ursa Minor constellation. It is located 737 million light-years from the Solar System and was discovered by German-British astronomer William Herschel on December 20, 1797, utilizing an 18.7-inch f/13 spectrum telescope  but also observed by Guillaume Bigourdan.

With an approximate diameter of 345,000 light-years, NGC 6331 is well considered one of the largest galaxies. It is the brightest group member of Abell 2256 and first in 6' string to the east, making up of 6 galaxies. NGC 6331 also makes up a part of the galactic triplet CGCG 355-024 which comprises two other elliptical galaxies in the cluster, CGCG 355-024 NED03 (PGC 59513) and  CGCG 355-024 NED01 (PGC 84827).

Diameter
In geometry, a diameter of a circle is any straight line segment that passes through the centre of the circle and whose endpoints lie on the circle. It can also be defined as the longest chord of the circle. Both definitions are also valid for the diameter of a sphere.

In more modern usage, the length  of a diameter is also called the diameter. In this sense one speaks of the diameter rather than a diameter (which refers to the line segment itself), because all diameters of a circle or sphere have the same length, this being twice the radius

The word "diameter" is derived from Ancient Greek: διάμετρος (diametros), "diameter of a circle", from διά (dia), "across, through" and μέτρον (metron), "measure". It is often abbreviated  or
Latin Extended-A
Latin Extended-A is a Unicode block and is the third block of the Unicode standard. It encodes Latin letters from the Latin ISO character sets other than Latin-1 (which is already encoded in the Latin-1 Supplement block) and also legacy characters from the ISO 6937 standard.

The Latin Extended-A block has been in the Unicode Standard since version 1.0, with its entire character repertoire, except for the Latin Small Letter Long S, which was added during unification with ISO 10646 in version 1.1. Its block name in Unicode 1.0 was European Latin.

ISO/IEC 8859
ISO/IEC 8859 is a series of technical standards for 8-bit character encodings developed jointly by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). Each part is numbered: ISO/IEC 8859-1, ISO/IEC 8859-2, etc. There are 15 parts, excluding the abandoned ISO/IEC 8859-12. The ISO working group maintaining this series of standards has been disbanded.

ISO/IEC 8859 parts 1, 2, 3, and 4 were originally Ecma International standard ECMA-94.
Tafalofefe Hospital
Tafalofefe Hospital is a provincial government funded hospital in the Mnquma Local Municipality area outside Butterworth, Eastern Cape in South Africa.

The hospital includes an emergency department, ophthalmology, outpatients department, surgical services, medical services, operating theatre & CSSD services, pharmacy, anti-retroviral (ARV) treatment for HIV/AIDS, post-trauma counseling services, NHLS laboratory, laundry services, kitchen services and mortuary.

Laboratory
A laboratory (UK: /ləˈbɒrətəri/; US: /ˈlæbrətɔːri/; colloquially lab) is a facility that provides controlled conditions in which scientific or technological research, experiments, and measurement may be performed. Laboratories are found in a variety of settings such as schools, universities, privately owned research institutions, corporate research and testing facilities, government regulatory and forensic investigation centers,  physicians' offices, clinics, hospitals, regional and national referral centers, and even occasionally personal residences.
Stadium Area, Baltimore
Stadium Area is a neighborhood in south Baltimore, Maryland. The area is largely consistent of adjacent sports stadiums, M&T Bank Stadium and Oriole Park at Camden Yards, and the surrounding infrastructure supporting them.

M&T Bank Stadium
M&T Bank Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Baltimore, Maryland, U.S. It has been the home of the Baltimore Ravens of the National Football League (NFL) since its opening in 1998. The stadium is immediately adjacent to Oriole Park at Camden Yards, the home of the Baltimore Orioles.  Often referred to as "Ravens Stadium" or "The Bank", the stadium has a listed capacity of 70,745 and has been praised for its fan amenities, ease of access, concessions and other facilities.

The stadium was originally known as Ravens Stadium at Camden Yards, until PSINet acquired the naming rights in 1999, naming it PSINet Stadium. It then reverted to Ravens Stadium in 2002 when PSINet filed for bankruptcy. M&T Bank bought the naming rights in 2003 and signed a 15-year, $75 million contract with the Ravens, which was brokered by Team Services, LLC. The naming rights deal for M&T Bank Stadium was renewed in 2023, extending the name through 2037.
Charisma House
Charisma House is a Christian publishing firm based in Lake Mary, Florida.  The CEO is Stephen Strang.

Charisma House has published books, including fourteen New York Times best sellers: The Faith of George W. Bush by Stephen Mansfield, Shadowmancer by G. P. Taylor, Wormwood by G. P. Taylor, The Maker's Diet by Jordan Rubin, The Threshing Floor by Juanita Bynum, The Seven Pillars of Health by Don Colbert,  The Final Move Beyond Iraq by Mike Evans, 23 Minutes in Hell by Bill Wiese, Fasting by Jentezen Franklin, Dr. Colbert's “I Can Do This” Diet by Don Colbert, The Harbinger by Jonathan Cahn (over 120 weeks on the New York Times best sellers list, Publishers Weekly bestseller, and USA Today’s Top 150 books), the Mystery of the Shemitah by Jonathan Cahn, The Book of Mysteries by Jonathan Cahn, and The Paradigm by Jonathan Cahn.

Stephen Strang
Stephen E. Strang (born 1951) is an American evangelical publisher. He is the founder and chief executive officer of Charisma Media.  In 2005 he was named by Time Magazine as one of the “25 Most Influential Evangelicals in America”.
Heart of Dragon
Heart of Dragon, (Chinese: 龍的心) released in the United Kingdom as Heart of the Dragon, is a 1985 Hong Kong action drama film directed by Sammo Hung, who also starred in the lead role. The film co-stars Jackie Chan, Emily Chu and Mang Hoi. Yuen Biao, Yuen Wah, and Corey Yuen were among the action directors for the film.

Wu Ma
Fung Wang-yuen (22 September 1942 – 4 February 2014), better known by his stage name Wu Ma, was a Hong Kong actor, director, producer and writer. Wu Ma made his screen debut in 1963, and with over 240 appearances to his name (plus 49 directorial credits within a fifty-year period), he was one of the most familiar faces in the history of Hong Kong Cinema and is best known as the Taoist ghosthunter in A Chinese Ghost Story.
No More Kings (album)
No More Kings is the debut album by Los Angeles rock band No More Kings. It was released March 6, 2007.

The album has produced two singles, "Michael (Jump In)", and the band's biggest hit "Sweep The Leg" that gained much praise for the accompanying music video, which featured many of the stars of the movie The Karate Kid.  The video was directed by William Zabka who played Johnny Lawrence in the movie.

In early 2008, the album won in The 7th Annual Independent Music Awards for Best Pop/Rock Album.

William Zabka
William Michael Zabka (/ˈzæbkə/; born October 20, 1965) is an American actor. He is best known for his role of Johnny Lawrence in The Karate Kid (1984), The Karate Kid Part II (1986), and the TV series Cobra Kai (2018–2025).

Zabka's career took off with The Karate Kid, despite having no prior karate training. During the 1980s, he appeared in the films Just One of the Guys (1985), Back to School (1986), and the television series The Equalizer (1986–1989). In the 1990s and 2000s, Zabka focused on independent films and filmmaking. In 2004, he was nominated for an Academy Award for co-writing and producing the short film Most. Zabka continued his directing career, including music videos for Rascal Flatts. From 2018 to 2025, Zabka reprised his role as Johnny Lawrence in the YouTube Red and Netflix series Cobra Kai, which he co-executive produced with Karate Kid costar Ralph Macchio.
Kebakko
Kebakko is a type of ready-meal in Finland. Kebakkos are very similar to meatballs in Finland. It consists of meat, breadcrumbs, onions, eggs, and spices. The difference is mostly in shape; instead of a ball, kebakko is a piece of meat about 12 cm in length on a wooden stick, and is usually sold in packs of five to twelve. The name comes from kebab, and the Finnish word kepakko, meaning "small stick."

Kebakko represents fusion cuisine. It combines kebab with traditional Finnish meatloaf. The usual way to serve kebakkos is to heat them and serve them with various sauces for dipping; the stick enables the kebakkos to be dipped and eaten by hand.

Fusion cuisine
Fusion cuisine is a cuisine that combines elements of different culinary traditions that originate from different countries, regions, or cultures. Cuisines of this type are not categorized according to any one particular cuisine style and have played a part in many contemporary restaurant cuisines since the 1970s.

The term fusion cuisine, added to the Oxford English Dictionary in 2002, is defined as "a style of cookery which blends ingredients and methods of preparation from different countries, regions, or ethnic groups; food cooked in this style."
2014 UCI World Championships
There are several 2014 UCI World Championships. The International Cycling Union (UCI) holds World Championships every year. In 2014, they include:

2014 UCI Road World Championships

2014 UCI Track Cycling World Championships

2014 UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships

2014 UCI Cyclo-cross World Championships

2014 UCI BMX World Championships

2014 UCI Cyclo-cross World Championships
The 2014 UCI Cyclo-cross World Championships is the World Championship for cyclo-cross for the season 2013–14. It took place in Hoogerheide, Netherlands on Saturday 1 and Sunday 2 February 2014. Hoogerheide is also the place where the Grand Prix Adri van der Poel is held, up to the 2012–13 season a race in the UCI Cyclo-cross World Cup.
Ephrin A3
Ephrin A3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EFNA3 gene.

This gene encodes a member of the ephrin (EPH) family. The ephrins and EPH-related receptors comprise the largest subfamily of receptor protein-tyrosine kinases and have been implicated in mediating developmental events, especially in the nervous system and in erythropoiesis.  Based on their structures and sequence relationships, ephrins are divided into the ephrin-A (EFNA) class, which are anchored to the membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol linkage, and the ephrin-B (EFNB) class, which are transmembrane proteins. This gene encodes an EFNA class ephrin.

Kinase
In biochemistry, a kinase (/ˈkaɪneɪs, ˈkɪneɪs, -eɪz/) is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of phosphate groups to substrates. This process is known as phosphorylation.  Typically ATP is the phosphate donor. Kinases are pervasive, the human genome codes for about 500 of these enzymes.

Kinases are part of the larger family of phosphotransferases. Kinases should not be confused with phosphorylases, which catalyze the addition of inorganic phosphate groups to an acceptor, nor with phosphatases, which remove phosphate groups (dephosphorylation). The phosphorylation state of a molecule, whether it be a protein, lipid or carbohydrate, can affect its activity, reactivity and its ability to bind other molecules. Therefore, kinases are critical in metabolism, cell signalling, protein regulation, cellular transport, secretory processes and many other cellular pathways, which makes them very important to physiology.
Euphorbia halemanui
Euphorbia halemanui (syn. Chamaesyce halemanui) is a rare species of flowering plant in the euphorb family known by the common name Kauai sandmat. It is endemic to Kauaʻi, Hawaii, where there are no more than 400 plants remaining. There are four populations at last count. It is a federally listed endangered species.

This is a shrub with vining, climbing stems that bleed a milky sap. The inflorescence is a single cyathium or a dense cluster of many. It and other Hawaiian euphorbs perform C4 carbon fixation.

This rare plant grows in moist forested slopes on Kauaʻi. The forests are often dominated by koa (Acacia koa) and ʻōhiʻa lehua (Metrosideros polymorpha). In other areas it grows alongside kauila (Alphitonia ponderosa), hame (Antidesma platyphyllum), ʻaʻaliʻi (Dodonaea viscosa), Kauai kokiʻo (Kokia kauaiensis), and other native plants.

Sap
Sap is a fluid transported in the xylem cells (vessel elements or tracheids) or phloem sieve tube elements of a plant.  These cells transport water and nutrients throughout the plant.

Sap is distinct from latex, resin, or cell sap; it is a separate substance, separately produced, and with different components and functions.

Insect honeydew is called sap, particularly when it falls from trees, but is only the remains of eaten sap and other plant parts.
History of aviation in Alaska
Aviation in Alaska is central to the vast, lightly populated state with severe weather issues. The short highway system links a few major population centers; railroads are of even lesser importance. Ocean ports, islands, and river towns are served by ocean-going vessels. Air service makes up the rest.  Air service by "bush pilots" to the Interior and western Alaska, as well as the Aleutian Islands, allowed for the influx of settlers, the year-round contact of villages with the state's larger cities and services, mail and supplies, and rapid transportation of people and goods throughout the state.

Interior Alaska
Interior Alaska is the central region of Alaska's territory, roughly bounded by the Alaska Range to the south and the Brooks Range to the north. It is largely wilderness. Mountains include Denali in the Alaska Range, the Wrangell Mountains, and the Ray Mountains. The native people of the interior are Alaskan Athabaskans. The largest city in the interior is Fairbanks, Alaska's second-largest city, in the Tanana Valley. Other towns include North Pole, just southeast of Fairbanks, Eagle, Tok, Glennallen, Delta Junction, Nenana, Anderson, Healy, and Cantwell. The interior region has an estimated population of 113,154.
The John Fairey Garden
The John Fairey Garden, formerly known as the Peckerwood Garden, is a forty-acre Garden Conservancy and ArbNet certified garden located in Hempstead, Texas in the United States, founded by John G. Fairey. Over three thousand plants, many collected during the more than 100 expeditions to Mexico, many acquired through exchanges with botanical gardens and nurseries, exist in diverse naturalistic settings which is one of the hallmarks of John Fairey's landscape designs. Other design hallmarks include aesthetic use of pea gravel, steel hardscaping, a colonial blue stucco wall, stucco fountain wall, and art.

The Garden Conservancy
The Garden Conservancy is a leading nonprofit organization working to preserve, share, and celebrate America's gardens and diverse gardening traditions. Through national programs, strategic partnerships, and public engagement, the Conservancy raises awareness of the vital role gardens play in the country’s cultural, historical, and environmental fabric. The organization is based in Garrison, New York.
Nicholas Sacco
Nicholas J. Sacco (born November 17, 1946) is an American Democratic Party politician who served in the New Jersey State Senate from 1994 to 2024, where he represented the 32nd Legislative District. Sacco served as the chairman of the Senate Transportation Committee and was also a member of the Law and Public Safety and Veterans' Affairs Committee. He has served as mayor of North Bergen since 1991, and was allowed to hold two offices under a grandfather clause in a bill that took effect in February 2008 that prohibits dual office holding. Sacco announced on February 24, 2022 that he would not seek re-election to the State Senate.

New Jersey Legislature
The New Jersey Legislature is the legislative branch of the government of the U.S. state of New Jersey. In its current form, as defined by the New Jersey Constitution of 1947, the Legislature consists of two houses: the General Assembly and the Senate. The Legislature meets in the New Jersey State House, in the state capital of Trenton.
Ioffe
Ioffe is a Jewish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abram Ioffe (1880–1960), Ukraine-born Soviet physicist

Adolph Joffe or Ioffe (1883–1927), Soviet diplomat

Dmitry Ioffe (1963–2020), Israeli mathematician

Grigory Ioffe (born 1951), American geographer

Julia Ioffe (born 1982), Russian-born American journalist

Mikhail Ioffe (1917–1996), Soviet/Russian physicist

Abram Ioffe
Abram Fedorovich Ioffe (Russian: Абра́м Фёдорович Ио́ффе, IPA: [ɐˈbram ˈfʲɵdərəvʲɪtɕ ɪˈofɛ]; 29 October [O.S. 17 October] 1880 – 14 October 1960) was a prominent Soviet physicist. He received the Stalin Prize (1942) and the Lenin Prize (1961) (posthumously). Ioffe was an expert in various areas of solid state physics and electromagnetism. He established research laboratories for radioactivity, superconductivity, and nuclear physics, many of which became independent institutes.
Tubenose sculpin
The tubenose sculpin (Cottus nasalis) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cottidae, the typical sculpins. It inhabits the upper Syr-Darya basin in Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan. It reaches a maximum length of 6.9 cm.

Syr Darya
The Syr Darya, historically known as the Jaxartes (/dʒækˈsɑːrtiːz/ jak-SAR-teez; Ancient Greek: Ἰαξάρτης), is a river in Central Asia. The name, which is Persian, literally means Syr Sea or Syr River. It originates in the Tian Shan mountains in Kyrgyzstan and eastern Uzbekistan, and flows for 2,256.25 kilometres (1,401.97 mi) west and north-west through Uzbekistan, Sughd province of Tajikistan, and southern Kazakhstan to the northern remnants of the Aral Sea. It is the northern and eastern of the two main rivers in the endorheic basin of the Aral Sea, the other being the Amu Darya.

During the Soviet era, extensive irrigation projects were constructed around both rivers, diverting their water into farmland and causing, during the post-Soviet era, the virtual disappearance of the Aral Sea, once the world's fourth-largest lake. The point at which the river flows from Tajikistan into Uzbekistan is, at 300 m (980 ft) above sea level, the lowest elevation in Tajikistan.
Erskine (surname)
Erskine is a Scottish surname. The name is derived from a habitational name from a location (Erskine) on the southern bank of the River Clyde, near Glasgow. This place was first recorded in 1225 as Erskin. Early spellings of the place include: Yrskin (1227); Ireskin (1262); Harskin (1300), and Irschen (1300). The Scottish Gaelic form of the surname is Arascain. Legend dictates that the name was given by King Malcolm II to a man who killed the Danish General Enrique at the Battle of Murthill. He is said to have shown the bloody knife to king and said eris-skyne (air a' scèin), meaning "upon the knife". The King, in honour of his valour, granted him the surname Eriskine.

Lord Erskine
The Lordship of Parliament of Erskine (Lord Erskine) was created around 1426 for Sir Robert Erskine. The sixth lord was created Earl of Mar in 1565, with which title (and the earldom of Kellie) the lordship then merged.