hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mandar Hill
Mandar Parvat, also known as Mandar Hill is a small mountain situated in Bounsi, Banka district under Bhagalpur division of state of Bihar. It is about 700 ft high and approximately 45 km south of Bhagalpur city of Bounsi, a place located on the state highway between Bhagalpur and Dumka. Mandar Hill is an important place of pilgrimage for both Jains and Hindus. A carnival is organised every year at Mahavir Jayanti & Makar Sakranti.

Panch Kalyanaka
Panch Kalyanaka (Sanskrit: pan̄ca kalyāṇaka, "Five Auspicious Events") are the five chief auspicious events that occur in the life of tirthankara in Jainism. They are commemorated as part of many Jain rituals and festivals.
German submarine U-297
German submarine U-297 was a Type VIIC/41 U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

She was laid down on 27 January 1943 by the Bremer Vulkan Werft (yard) at Bremen-Vegesack as yard number 62, launched on 9 October 1943 and commissioned on 17 November with Oberleutnant zur See Wolfgang Aldermann in command.

In one patrol, she did not sink or damage any ships.

She was sunk by a British aircraft on or after 6 December 1944.
Fifty men died; there were no survivors.

Oberleutnant zur See
Oberleutnant zur See (OLt zS or OLZS in the German Navy, Oblt.z.S. in the Kriegsmarine) is traditionally the highest rank of Lieutenant in the German Navy. It is grouped as OF-1 in NATO.

The rank was introduced in the Imperial German Navy by renaming the former rank of Premier Lieutenant in 1890. Within the navy, officers of this rank were simply addressed as Herr Oberleutnant. To distinguish naval officers from those of the army, the suffix zur See (at sea) was added in official communications, sometimes shortened to z.S. (Oblt.z.S.). The rank has since been used by the Reichsmarine, Kriegsmarine, and Bundesmarine.  In the Volksmarine, the rank was originally used in the same way until the suffix zur See was dropped. In the Kriegsmarine, engineers (Ingenieur – Ing.) of the same rank were distinguished as Oberleutnant (Ing.).
Jardine, Montana
Jardine is an unincorporated village in Park County, Montana, United States. The town lies just to the north of Gardiner on inactive travertine terraces, much like those at Mammoth Hot Springs in nearby Yellowstone National Park. The town's chief industry was a gold mine. The community has the name of A. C. Jardine, a businessperson in the mining industry.

Prospector Joe Brown discovered placer gold near the town site in 1892. Jardine Mining Co. consolidated mining activity in 1917 and, by 1943, had produced 4,403 kg of gold, 347,000 kg of tungsten, and 5,722,000 kg of arsenic.

Gardiner, Montana
Gardiner is a census-designated place (CDP) in Park County, Montana, United States, along the 45th parallel.  As of the 2020 census, the population of the community and nearby areas was 833.

Gardiner was officially founded in 1880. The area has served as a main entrance to Yellowstone National Park since its creation in 1872. Yellowstone National Park Heritage and Research Center, which opened May 18, 2005, is located in Gardiner and houses National Park Service archives, Yellowstone museum collections and reference libraries.

Gardiner was impacted by the 2022 Montana floods.
2009–10 Liga III
The 2009–10 Liga III season was the 54th season of Liga III, the third tier of the Romanian football league system. The season started on August 21, 2009 and ended on June 4, 2010.

The winners of each division got promoted to the 2010–11 Liga II season.

The bottom six from each division were relegated at the end of the season to the county football leagues (Liga IV). From the 12th placed teams, another one was relegated. To determine this team, separate standings were computed, using only the games played against the clubs ranked 1st through 11th.

Liga IV
Liga IV is the fourth level of the Romanian football league system and is run in all 41 counties and in the Municipality of Bucharest. It was known as the Regional Championship, County Championship, Divizia C – County Phase and Divizia D. Its name was changed into Liga IV before the start of the 2006–07 season.
Prajatantrik Janamukti Party
Prajatantrik Janamukti Party is a political party in Nepal, led by Gore Bahadur Khapangi (the founding general secretary of the Rastriya Janamukti Party). The party is registered with the Election Commission of Nepal ahead of the 2008 Constituent Assembly election.

The party seeks to establish a system of proportional representation based on ethnicity.

2008 Nepalese Constituent Assembly election
Constituent Assembly elections were held in Nepal on 10 April 2008, having been postponed from earlier dates of 7 June 2007 and 22 November 2007. The Constituent Assembly was planned to draft a new constitution and therefore decide, amongst other things, on the issue of federalism. The number of eligible voters was around 17.5 million. The Constituent Assembly was originally set to have a term of two years.

The Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) (CPN (M)), placed first in the election with 220 out of 575 elected seats, and became the largest party in the Constituent Assembly. It was followed by the Nepali Congress with 110 seats and the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist) with 103 seats. After months of power-sharing discussions and deliberations, CPN (M) Chairman Prachanda was elected as Prime Minister in August 2008. Due to its failure in drafting a new constitution, the CA was dissolved on 28 May 2012 after its original and extended total tenure of 4 years.
Bar (diacritic)
A bar or stroke is a modification consisting of a line drawn through a grapheme. It may be used as a diacritic to derive new letters from old ones, or simply as an addition to make a grapheme more distinct from others. It can take the form of a vertical bar, slash, or crossbar.

A stroke is sometimes drawn through the numerals 7 (horizontal overbar) and 0 (overstruck foreslash), to make them more distinguishable from the number 1 and the letter O, respectively. (In some typefaces, one or other or both of these characters are designed in these styles; they are not produced by overstrike or by combining diacritic. The normal way in most of Europe to write the number seven is with a bar. )

In medieval English scribal abbreviations, a stroke or bar was used to indicate abbreviation. For example, the pound sign ⟨£⟩, is  (a  blackletter ⟨L⟩), with a cross bar.

For the specific usages of various letters with bars and strokes, see their individual articles.

O
O, or o, is the fifteenth letter and the fourth vowel letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is o (pronounced /ˈoʊ/ ⓘ), plural oes.
Djakotomey II
Djakotomey II is an arrondissement in the Kouffo department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Djakotomey. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 6,732.

Couffo Department
Couffo or Kouffo [ku.fo] is one of the twelve departments of Benin. Couffo borders the country of Togo and the departments of Mono, Zou and Atlantique. Since 2008, the department's capital has been Aplahoué. The department of Kouffo was created in 1999 when it was split off from Mono Department.

As of 2013, the total population of the department was 745,328, with 348,574 males and 396,754 females. The proportion of women was 53.20%. The total rural population was 72.20%, while the urban population was 27.80%. The total labour force in the department was 208,974, of which 52.60% were women. The proportion of households with no level of education was 68.60%.
WGOW-FM
WGOW-FM (102.3 MHz) is a commercial radio station licensed to Soddy-Daisy, Tennessee, and serving the Chattanooga metropolitan area. It is owned by Cumulus Media, and broadcasts a talk radio format. Its radio studios and offices are on Pineville Drive in Chattanooga.

WGOW-FM has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 6,000 watts. Its transmitter is off Caves Springs Road in Chattanooga, near Chickamauga Creek.

Chickamauga Creek
North and South Chickamauga Creek are short tributaries of the Tennessee River, which join it near Chattanooga, Tennessee, on the north and the south. West Chickamauga Creek is a much longer tributary of South Chickamauga Creek.
Pyotr Ufimtsev
Pyotr (Petr) Yakovlevich Ufimtsev (Russian: Пётр Я́ковлевич Уфи́мцев; born 8 July 1931) is a Soviet and Russian electrical engineer and mathematical physicist, best known for his pioneering work on the physical theory of diffraction (PTD), which laid the groundwork for modern stealth aircraft technology. His research on how electromagnetic waves reflect from surfaces like edges and vertices became critical in the development of aircraft with reduced radar signatures.

Altai Krai
Altai Krai (Russian: Алтайский край, IPA: [ɐlˈtajskʲɪj kraj]) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai). It borders, clockwise from the west, Kazakhstan (East Kazakhstan Region, Abai Region and Pavlodar Region), Novosibirsk and Kemerovo, and the Altai Republic. Its administrative centre is the city of Barnaul. As of the 2021 Census, the population of the krai was 2,163,693.
Denis Mosalev
Denis Mosalev (born 28 February 1986) is a Russian professional ice hockey player who is currently playing with HC Dinamo Minsk in the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL).

Mosalev previously played with HC Dynamo Moscow of the KHL from the 2010–11 season. After previously playing at the top level with Metallurg Magnitogorsk and HC MVD.

Metallurg Magnitogorsk
Metallurg Magnitogorsk (Russian: Металлург Магнитогорск) is a professional ice hockey club based in Magnitogorsk, Russia. It is a member of the Kharlamov Division in the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL).

Metallurg Magnitogorsk won the Gagarin Cup in the 2013–14 KHL season, 2015–16 KHL season, and the 2023–24 KHL season.
Vale, Georgia
Vale (Georgian: ვალე) is a town in southwestern Georgia, 12 km (7 mi) from the city of Akhaltsikhe, Samtskhe-Javakheti region, at the border with Turkey. According to the 2014 census it has a population of 3,646. Vale is a border crossing point into the Turkish village of Türkgözü, in Posof district.

The town is situated on the right bank of the Potskhovi River (a tributary to the Mtkvari), on the slopes of the Lesser Caucasus at 1,000-1,200 m above sea level.

Vale is first recorded as a village in the 10th century. It emerged as a center of lignite industry in the Soviet era and acquired town status in 1962.

Vale houses a medieval Georgian Church of the Theotokos originally built in the 10th century, but reconstructed as a three nave basilica in the 16th century. The town is a home to a sizable Armeno-Georgian Catholic community.

Lesser Caucasus
The Lesser Caucasus or Lesser Caucasus Mountains, also called Caucasus Minor, is the second of the two main ranges of the Caucasus Mountains, of length about 600 km (370 mi). The western portion of the Lesser Caucasus overlaps and converges with east Turkey and northwest Iran. It runs parallel to the Greater Caucasus, at a distance averaging about 100 km (62 mi) south from the Likhi Range (Georgia), and limits east Turkey from the north and north-east. It is connected with the Pontic range and separated from it by the Kolkhida Lowland (Georgia) in the west and Kura-Aras Lowland (Azerbaijan) (by the Kura River) in the east.
Richmond Castle
Richmond Castle in Richmond, North Yorkshire, England, stands in a commanding position above the River Swale, close to the centre of the town of Richmond. It was originally called Riche Mount, 'the strong hill'. The castle was constructed by Alan Rufus from 1071 onwards following the Norman Conquest of England, and the Domesday Book of 1086 refers to 'a castlery' at Richmond.

In the 12th century, his great-nephew Conan expanded the castle and built the keep. Although it was derelict by 1540, it was restored centuries later. The property is the best-preserved early Norman castle in England and an important tourist attraction.

The building is Grade I listed and under the care of English Heritage.

Conscientious objector
A conscientious objector is an "individual who has claimed the right to refuse to perform military service" on the grounds of freedom of conscience or religion. The term has also been extended to objecting to working for the military–industrial complex due to a crisis of conscience. In some countries, conscientious objectors are assigned to an alternative civilian service as a substitute for conscription or military service.

A number of organizations around the world celebrate the principle on May 15 as International Conscientious Objection Day.

On March 8, 1995, the United Nations Commission on Human Rights resolution 1995/83 stated that "persons performing military service should not be excluded from the right to have conscientious objections to military service". This was re-affirmed on April 22, 1998, when resolution 1998/77 recognized that "persons [already] performing military service may develop conscientious objections".
Bellair (New Bern, North Carolina)
Bellair is a historic plantation house located near New Bern, Craven County, North Carolina.  It was built about 1792 (verified by dendrochronology), and is a two-story, seven-bay, central hall plan Georgian style brick dwelling.  It sits on a high basement and has a three-bay, central projecting pavilion.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.

Central-passage house
The central-passage house, also known variously as central hall plan house, center-hall house, hall-passage-parlor house, Williamsburg cottage, and Tidewater-type cottage, was a vernacular, or folk form, house type from the colonial period onward into the 19th century in the United States.
Religion in Jharkhand
Hinduism is the majority religion in Jharkhand, followed by nearly 67.83% of total population as of 2011 census. There has also been a significant population of followers of Islam and Sarnaism, with 14.53% and 12.52% respectively and Christianity being a significant minority, followed by 4.3%. A small numbers of Sikhs and other religion are also present.

Jharkhand is a diverse state of India and has a diverse religious population, where the majority of the population follow Hinduism, with Islam as the second most followed religion. The state has also a very high proportion of tribal population, where the majority religion is Sarnaism. In recent times, due to missionary activities, there has been a significant rise of Christianity in Jharkhand which is more than the national average population of Christians in India. A small community of Agrahari Sikh and Jains.

Tribes of Jharkhand
The tribes of Jharkhand  consist of 32 scheduled tribes inhabiting the Jharkhand state in India. As of 2011 census, thy account for 26.21 percent (8 million) of the state's total population. They primarily concentrated in South Chotanagpur, Kolhan and Santal parganas division.
2024 FIVB Volleyball Men's Club World Championship
The 2024 FIVB Volleyball Men's Club World Championship was the 19th edition of the competition. It was held in Uberlândia, Brazil. The tournament took place from 10 to 15 December 2024.

Sada Cruzeiro won their fifth title after defeating Trentino Itas in four sets (3–1) in the final. Foolad Sirjan claimed bronze, their first medal and Iran's second podium overall, after they defeated Cucine Lube Civitanova. Wallace de Souza was named the MVP of the tournament.

Time in Brazil
Time in Brazil is calculated using standard time, and the country (including its offshore islands) is divided into four standard time zones: Fernando de Noronha time (UTC−02:00), Brasília time (UTC−03:00), Amazon time (UTC−04:00), and Acre time (UTC−05:00). About 93% of the Brazilian population live in Brasília time (UTC−03:00).
Linda Waimarie Nikora
Linda Waimarie Nikora FRSNZ is a New Zealand psychology academic. She is Māori, of Te Aitanga a Hauiti and Ngāi Tūhoe descent. She is currently professor of Indigenous Studies and co-director of Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga at the University of Auckland, having moved in 2017 from the University of Waikato where she had been a professor of psychology and the founding Director of the Maori & Psychology Research Unit in the School of Psychology.

Nikora attended Hukarere Girls College in Napier, New Zealand before moving to the University of Waikato for both her undergraduate and PhD work. Her 2007 PhD thesis was entitled "Māori social identities in New Zealand and Hawai'i."

In 2018, Nikora was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of New Zealand, while in 2021 she was awarded their Te Rangi Hiroa Medal.

Notable students of Nikora include Bridgette Masters-Awatere.

Ngāti Porou
Ngāti Porou is a Māori iwi traditionally located in the East Cape and Gisborne regions of the North Island of New Zealand. It has the second-largest affiliation of any iwi, behind Ngāpuhi, with an estimated 102,480 people according to the 2023 census. The traditional rohe or tribal area of Ngāti Porou extends from Pōtikirua and Lottin Point in the north to Te Toka-a-Taiau (a rock that used to sit in the mouth of Gisborne harbour) in the south. The Ngāti Porou iwi comprises 58 hapū (sub-tribes) and 48 mārae (meeting grounds).

Mount Hikurangi features prominently in Ngāti Porou traditions as a symbol of endurance and strength, and holds tapu status. In these traditions, Hikurangi is often personified. Ngāti Porou traditions indicate that Hikurangi was the first point to surface when Māui fished up the North Island from beneath the ocean. His canoe, the Nuku-tai-memeha, is said to have been wrecked there. The Waiapu River also features in Ngāti Porou traditions.
EML Wambola
Three ships of the Estonian Navy have been named Wambola:

Estonian destroyer Wambola, an Orfey-class destroyer acquired in 1919 and sold to Peru in 1933.

EML Wambola (M311), a Lindau-class minehunter acquired in 2000 and decommissioned in 2009.

EML Wambola (A433), a Lindormen-class minelayer acquired by Estonia in 2006 as the training ship Kriistina, but handed over to the Estonian Navy in 2009 and renamed Wambola.

Minehunter
A minehunter is a naval vessel that seeks, detects, and destroys individual naval mines. Minesweepers, on the other hand, clear mined areas as a whole, without prior detection of mines. A vessel that combines both of these roles is known as a mine countermeasures vessel (MCMV).
Mark Fytton
Mark Fytton was a butcher from Windsor in Berkshire. He was executed in 1536 for insulting Henry VIII and his new bride Anne Boleyn. Fytton was hanged from the Curfew Tower of Windsor Castle.

Fytton's interrogation and death were portrayed in the 1843 novel Windsor Castle by William Harrison Ainsworth. Fytton was also depicted in the play Herne the Hunter by N.B. Clarke which debuted in 1856 at the Bowery Theatre in New York City.

The site of Fytton's butchers shop was subsequently occupied by the Tower House Hotel. It was demolished in 1938.

William Harrison Ainsworth
William Harrison Ainsworth (4 February 1805 – 3 January 1882) was an English historical novelist born at King Street in Manchester. He trained as a lawyer, but the legal profession held no attraction for him. While completing his legal studies in London he met the publisher John Ebers, at that time manager of the King's Theatre, Haymarket. Ebers introduced Ainsworth to literary and dramatic circles, and to his daughter, who became Ainsworth's wife.

Ainsworth briefly tried the publishing business, but soon gave it up and devoted himself to journalism and literature. His first success as a writer came with Rookwood in 1834, which features Dick Turpin as its leading character. A stream of 39 novels followed, the last of which appeared in 1881. Ainsworth died in Reigate on 3 January 1882, and was buried in Kensal Green Cemetery.
Bloomfield (Herndon, Virginia)
Bloomfield, also known as Holly Knoll, is a historic home located near Herndon, Fairfax County, Virginia.  It was built about 1858, and is a two-story, five-bay, red brick I-house with a two-story service wing. The front facade has small one-story front portico with a flat roof is supported by four plain square posts.  The house has Federal / Greek Revival-style details.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013.

I-house
The I-house is a vernacular house type, popular in the United States from the colonial period onward. The I-house was so named in the 1930s by Fred Kniffen, a cultural geographer at Louisiana State University who was a specialist in folk architecture. He identified and analyzed the type in his 1936 study of Louisiana house types.

He chose the name "I-house" because the style was commonly built in the rural farm areas of Indiana, Illinois and Iowa, all states beginning with the letter "I". But he was not implying that this house type originated in, or was restricted to, those three states. It is also referred to as Plantation Plain style.
Lachnaia italica
Lachnaia italica is a species of short-horned leaf beetles belonging to the family Chrysomelidae, subfamily Clytrinae.

This species is found in Italy, France, and Slovenia.

These beetles are 75–10 millimetres (2.95–0.39 in) long, the head and pronotum are black, the elytra are bright yellow-orange, with six black dots.

Adults mainly feeds on Rosaceae (Rubus) and Fagaceae (Quercus) species. Larvae live in nests of red wood ant (Formica rufa), feeding on vegetable refuses.

Prothorax
The prothorax is the foremost of the three segments in the thorax of an insect, and bears the first pair of legs. Its principal sclerites (exoskeletal plates) are the pronotum (dorsal), the prosternum (ventral), and the propleuron (lateral) on each side. The prothorax never bears wings in extant insects (except in some cases of atavism), though some fossil groups possessed wing-like projections. All adult insects possess legs on the prothorax, though in a few groups (e.g., the butterfly family Nymphalidae) the forelegs are greatly reduced. In many groups of insects, the pronotum is reduced in size, but in a few it is hypertrophied, such as in all beetles (Coleoptera). In most treehoppers (family Membracidae, order Hemiptera), the pronotum is expanded into often fantastic shapes that enhance their camouflage or mimicry. Similarly, in the Tetrigidae, the pronotum is extended backward to cover the flight wings, supplanting the function of the tegmina.
Gotcha (company)
The Gotcha Group LLC, doing business as Gotcha, was an electric bike and scooter-sharing company based in Charleston, South Carolina. Gotcha began operating bike share systems on college campuses in the United States and later expanded to scooter-sharing and other electric vehicles such as electric trike scooters. Gotcha was purchased by Last Mile Holdings in 2020 which was in turn purchased by Bolt Mobility, an American electric scooter company co-founded by Usain Bolt which stopped operating in 2022.

Savannah College of Art and Design
Savannah College of Art and Design (SCAD) is a private art school with locations in Savannah and Atlanta, Georgia, United States, and Lacoste, France. It was founded in 1978 to provide degrees in programs not then offered in the southeast United States and to create a specialized professional art college to attract students from throughout the United States and abroad. The university enrolls more than 17,000 students from across the United States and around the world with international students comprising up to 25.4 percent of the student population. SCAD is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges and other professional accrediting bodies.