hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thomas E. Mulvihill Sr.
Thomas E. Mulvihill Sr. (about 1863-1942) was known as "Czar" Mulvihill in St. Louis, Missouri, because of his rigid enforcement of liquor laws when he was excise commissioner of that city.

Mulvihill was born in Ireland about 1863 and was brought to the United States when he was four years old. He graduated from the Washington University School of Law in 1885. He was St. Louis city attorney under Mayor Edward A. Noonan and later was elected prosecuting attorney. He was circuit court parole officer from 1935 until his death on January 20, 1942, at the age of 79.

He was survived by his wife, the former Katherine M. Daily; and five children. Burial was in Calvary Cemetery (St. Louis).

Mulvihill was the first excise commissioner to enforce the Sunday closing laws for saloons.

Calvary Cemetery (St. Louis)
Calvary Cemetery is a Catholic cemetery in St. Louis, Missouri, operated by the Archdiocese of St. Louis. Founded in 1854, it is the second oldest cemetery in the archdiocese. The cemetery contains 470 acres (1.9 km2) of land and more than 300,000 graves, including those of General William Tecumseh Sherman, Dred Scott, Tennessee Williams, Kate Chopin, Louis Chauvin and Auguste Chouteau.
Plantaže
Plantaže (Montenegrin: Плантаже, pronounced [plantǎːʒɛ]; MNSE: PLAP) is a Montenegrin wine and grape brandy producer.

Company 13.jul Plantaže is the owner of the biggest vineyard in one piece in Europe - vineyard Ćemovsko polje, which has more than 2,000 ha. They are the most awarded winery in Montenegro.

Winery has 3 wine cellars, and two of them are the real tourist attraction - wine cellar Stari podrum and the wine cellar Šipčanik.

Montenegro Stock Exchange
The Montenegro Stock Exchange (MNSE) (Montenegrin: Montenegroberza AD) is a stock exchange located in Podgorica, Montenegro. It is Montenegro's only stock exchange.

The MNSE was founded 1993, and is a member of the World Federation of Exchanges, Federation of European Securities Exchanges and Federation of Euro-Asian Stock Exchanges. As of 10 January 2011, it fully incorporated NEX Stock Exchange, also in Podgorica, forming a single Montenegrin capital market.

Trading on the MNSE consists of short and long term securities, six investment funds, bonds, and shares from government funds portfolios.  The MONEX20 and MONEXPIF are the principal stock indices of the Montenegro Stock Exchange.
2015–16 Texas State Bobcats men's basketball team
The 2015–16 Texas State Bobcats men's basketball team represented Texas State University in the 2015–16 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Bobcats, led by third-year head coach Danny Kaspar, played their home games at Strahan Coliseum and were members of the Sun Belt Conference. They finished the season 15–16, 8–12 in Sun Belt play to finish in a tie for seventh place. As the No. 7 seed in the Sun Belt tournament, they defeated Georgia State in the first round before losing to Texas–Arlington in the quarterfinals.

2016 Sun Belt Conference men's basketball tournament
The 2016 Sun Belt Conference men's basketball tournament was held at Lakefront Arena in New Orleans, Louisiana from March 10 to March 13. The tournament winner, Little Rock, received an automatic bid into the 2016 NCAA tournament.
Superoperator
In physics, a superoperator is a linear operator acting on a vector space of linear operators.

Sometimes the term refers more specially to a completely positive map which also preserves or does not increase the trace of its argument. This specialized meaning is used extensively in the field of quantum computing, especially quantum programming, as they characterise mappings between density matrices.

The use of the super- prefix here is in no way related to its other use in mathematical physics. That is to say superoperators have no connection to supersymmetry and superalgebra which are extensions of the usual mathematical concepts defined by extending the ring of numbers to include Grassmann numbers. Since superoperators are themselves operators the use of the super- prefix is used to distinguish them from the operators upon which they act.

Parameter
A parameter (from Ancient Greek  παρά (pará) 'beside, subsidiary' and  μέτρον (métron) 'measure'), generally, is any characteristic that can help in defining or classifying a particular system (meaning an event, project, object, situation, etc.). That is, a parameter is an element of a system that is useful, or critical, when identifying the system, or when evaluating its performance, status, condition, etc.

Parameter has more specific meanings within various disciplines, including mathematics, computer programming, engineering, statistics, logic, linguistics, and electronic musical composition.

In addition to its technical uses, there are also extended uses, especially in non-scientific contexts, where it is used to mean defining characteristics or boundaries, as in the phrases 'test parameters' or 'game play parameters'.
Embolotherium
Embolotherium (Greek ἐμβωλή, embolê + θηρίον, thêrion "battering ram beast", or "wedge beast") is an extinct genus of brontothere that lived in Mongolia during the late Eocene epoch. It is most easily recognized by a large bony protuberance emanating from the anterior (front) of the skull. This resembles a battering ram, hence the name Embolotherium. The animal is known from about 12 skulls, several jaws, and a variety of other skeletal elements from the Ulan Gochu formation of Inner Mongolia as well as the Ergilin Dzo Formation of Outer Mongolia.

Outer Mongolia
Outer Mongolia was the name of a territory in the Manchu-led Qing dynasty of China from 1691 to 1911. It corresponds to the modern-day independent state of Mongolia and the Russian republic of Tuva.

The historical region gained de facto independence from Qing China during the Xinhai Revolution and the Republic of China formally recognized the independence of Mongolia on January 5, 1946. This was revoked in 1953 after the Soviet Union violated the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance and the ROC reasserted claims to Outer Mongolia, a claim that would continue to appear in ROC maps until 2002 when the Democratic Progressive Party-led government re-recognized Mongolia.
Ivar Heming Skre
Ivar Heming Skre (22 March 1897 – 7 September 1943) was a member of the Norwegian resistance during World War II.

Skre was born in Borre. His mother came from Ås and his father from Bremanger. Much of his childhood was spent in Avaldsnes, where he attended a folk high school.

In 1920, Skre married Ingeborg Dalen from Haugesund. They began their life together in Bergen, where Skre found employment as an editor.

Together with his brother Finn Åsmund Skre, born 1904, Skre joined the Kristian Stein group during the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany. They published and distributed illegal newspapers. Both were arrested in October 1941. Ivar Heming Skre was imprisoned from 9 October to 7 November 1941 in Bergen, then in Ulven concentration camp until 4 May 1942. He was transferred via Kiel to Halle concentration camp, where he was executed in September 1943.

Borre, Norway
Borre is a village in Horten Municipality in Vestfold county, Norway. The village is located about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) south of the town of Horten, along the shores of the Ytre Oslofjord. It sits about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) north of the town of Åsgårdstrand and about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) east of the village of Skoppum.

The 0.6-square-kilometre (150-acre) village had a population (2013) of 1056 and a population density of 1,760 inhabitants per square kilometre (4,600/sq mi). Since 2013, the population and area data for this village area has not been separately tracked by Statistics Norway and it is considered part of the town of Horten.
Đường luật
Đường luật (chữ Hán: 唐律) is the Vietnamese adaptation of Chinese Tang poetry. Đường also means Tang dynasty, but in Vietnam the original Chinese Tang poems are distinguished from Vietnam's own native thơ Đường luật as China's "Thơ Đường" (書唐, "Tang poetry") or "Đường thi" (唐詩, "Tang verse").

Sino-Vietnamese Đường luật poetry translated into English includes the works of poet Hồ Xuân Hương.

Hồ Xuân Hương
Hồ Xuân Hương (胡春香; 1772–1822) was a Vietnamese poet born at the end of the Lê dynasty. She grew up in an era of political and social turmoil – the time of the Tây Sơn rebellion and a three-decade civil war that led to Nguyễn Ánh seizing power as Emperor Gia Long and starting the Nguyễn dynasty. She wrote poetry using chữ Nôm (Southern Script), which adapts Chinese characters for writing demotic Vietnamese. She is considered to be one of Vietnam's greatest classical poets. Xuân Diệu, a prominent modern poet, dubbed her "The Queen of Nôm poetry".
Old Portage Road
Old Portage Road, also known as Old French Road and as French Portage Trail, was a Native American trail and later a road in present-day Chautauqua County, New York, that connected Lake Erie and Chautauqua Lake, and thereby the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River systems. Lake Erie is approximately 700 feet above sea level; the continental crest on this portage route between the St. Lawrence and Mississippi drainage basins is approximately 1500 feet above sea level.

Chautauqua Lake
Chautauqua Lake is located entirely within Chautauqua County, New York, United States. The lake is approximately 17 miles (27 km) long and two miles (3.2 km) wide at its greatest width. The surface area is approximately 13,000 acres (53 km2). The maximum depth is about 78 feet (24 m). The shoreline is about 41.1 miles (66 km) of which all but 2.6 mi (4 km) are privately owned.

The lake's name comes from the now-extinct Erie language. Because the Erie people were defeated in the Beaver Wars before a comprehensive study of their language could be made, its meaning remains unknown and a source of speculation, with two longstanding folk translations being “bag tied in the middle” and “place where fish are taken out,” the latter having some support based on similar words in other Iroquoian languages.  A Seneca legend, dating at least to the days of Seneca diplomat John Cornplanter Abeel, attests to the Chautauqua having a reputation as a "place of easy death."
Daam
Daam (Urdu: دام, lit. 'Trap') is a Pakistani drama television series which premiered on ARY Digital on 11 June 2010 and its last episode aired on 15 October 2010. The 18-episode series is directed by Mehreen Jabbar, written by Umera Ahmad and produced by Humayun Saeed and Abdullah Kadwani's production house 7th Sky Entertainment.

It was rebroadcast by ARY Network on ARY Zauq in 2013 and was also aired in India on Zindagi, premiering on 26 October 2015. The show ended its run in India on 29 November 2015.

ARY Digital Network
ARY Digital Network (Urdu: ARY ڈیجیٹل شبکه) is a subsidiary of the ARY Group. The ARY group of companies is a Dubai-based holding company founded by a Pakistani businessman, Haji Abdul Razzak Yaqoob (ARY). The network has a video on demand streaming service called ARY ZAP.
Vincent's angina
Vincent's angina (also termed Plaut–Vincent's angina), is pharyngitis (inflammation of the pharynx) and tonsillitis (inflammation of the palatine tonsils), caused by infection with two types of bacteria called fusiform (Fusobacterium spp.) and spirochaetes (Borrelia spp.  and Spirillum spp.). This symbiosis of bacteria is sometimes termed a "fusospirochaetal" infection.

Spirillum
Spirillum is a genus
of Gram-negative bacteria in the family Spirillaceae of the Nitrosomonadales of the Betaproteobacteria.  There are two species of Spirillum with validly or effectively published names - Spirillum winogradskyi and Spirillum volutans.

Other "species" classified as Spirillum such as "Spirillum minus", "Spirillum pleomorphum", and "Spirillum pulli" are of uncertain phylogeny and in any case, these are names that have never been validly or effectively published and thus have no standing in nomenclature.
Camas Uig
Camas Uig (Uig Bay) is a bay on the west coast of the Isle of Lewis, in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland.

The bay contains a variety of small islets including Fraoch Eilean, Leac Holm, Sgeir a' Chàis, Sgeir Liath, Sgeir Sheilibhig, Tom and Tolm.

Camas Uig is in the parish of Uig and is part of the South Lewis, Harris and North Uist National Scenic Area.

In 1831, the 12th-century Lewis Chessmen were discovered in a small stone structure in the dunes behind the beach near Ardroil. Two large wooden chessmen, carved by Stephen Hayward, stand outside a museum on the machair at Ardroil, near where the hoard was found.

Machair
A machair (Scottish Gaelic pronunciation: [ˈmaxɪɾʲ]; sometimes machar in English) is a fertile low-lying grassy plain found on part of the northwestern coastlines of Ireland and Scotland, particularly the Outer Hebrides. The best examples are found on North and South Uist, Harris and Lewis. Machairs in Ireland are listed as priority habitats, receiving the highest level of protection, in the EU Habitats Directive.
Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology
The Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering social and clinical psychology. It was established in 1983 by John Harvey and is published by Guilford Press. The editor-in-chief is Thomas Joiner (Florida State University). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 1.946.

Social psychology
Social psychology is the methodical study of how thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others. Although studying many of the same substantive topics as its counterpart in the field of sociology, psychological social psychology places more emphasis on the individual, rather than society; the influence of social structure and culture on individual outcomes, such as personality, behavior, and one's position in social hierarchies. Social psychologists typically explain human behavior as a result of the relationship between mental states and social situations, studying the social conditions under which thoughts, feelings, and behaviors occur, and how these variables influence social interactions.
Afghan (biscuit)
An Afghan is a traditional New Zealand biscuit made from flour, butter, cornflakes, sugar and cocoa powder, topped with chocolate icing and a half walnut. The recipe has a high proportion of butter, and relatively low sugar, and no leavening (rising agent), giving it a soft, dense and rich texture, with crunchiness from the cornflakes, rather than from a high sugar content. The high butter content gives a soft melt-in-the-mouth texture, and the sweetness of the icing offsets the low sugar and the cocoa bitterness.

Cocoa solids
Dry cocoa solids are the components of cocoa beans remaining after cocoa butter, the fatty component of the bean, is extracted from chocolate liquor, roasted cocoa beans that have been ground into a liquid state. Cocoa butter is 46% to 57% of the weight of cocoa beans and gives chocolate its characteristic melting properties. Cocoa powder is the powdered form of the dry solids with a small remaining amount of cocoa butter. Untreated cocoa powder is bitter and acidic. Dutch process cocoa has been treated with an alkali to neutralize the acid.

Cocoa powder contains flavanols, amounts of which are reduced if the cocoa is subjected to acid-reducing alkalization.

Other definitions of cocoa solids, especially legal ones, include all cocoa ingredients (cocoa mass, cocoa powder and cocoa butter). In this case, cocoa solids without cocoa butter are specified as non-fat cocoa solids.
Raghavambalpuram (Sadayarkoil)
Raghavambalpuram (Sadayarkoil) is a village in the Orathanadu taluk of Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu, India. It is located approximately 15 km away from Thanjavur city, and is connected to the city via the Thanjavur-Mannarkudi highway. The Palangulathu Ayyanar and Veninathaswamy temples are located in this area.

Thanjavur district
Thanjavur district is one of the 38 districts of the state of Tamil Nadu, in southeastern India. Its headquarters is Thanjavur (Tanjore) . The district is located in the delta of the Cauvery River and is mostly agrarian.
RISC-V instruction listings
The RISC-V instruction set refers to the set of instructions that RISC-V compatible microprocessors support. The instructions are usually part of an executable program, often stored as a computer file and executed on the processor.

Computer file
A computer file is a named collection of data treated as a unit by the system that manages it. Today, this system is called a file system. Many older computer systems lacked a distinct file system per se, yet a management feature is required in order to provide a file abstraction.

Files can be shared with and transferred between computers and mobile devices via removable media, networks, or the Internet.

Different types of computer files are designed for different purposes. A file may be designed to store a written message, a document, a spreadsheet, an image, a video, a program, or any wide variety of other kinds of data. Certain files can store multiple data types at once.

By using computer programs, a person can open, read, change, save, and close a computer file. Computer files may be reopened, modified, and copied an arbitrary number of times.
Sports in São Vicente, Cape Verde
The island of São Vicente in Cape Verde in the westcentral portion of the Barlavento Islands is home to several teams and clubs.  The major professional clubs are CS Mindelense, FC Derby, Académica do Mindelo, Batuque FC and Amarante.  The island also has a league named the São Vicente Island League, it is the oldest in Cape Verde, first it only had football, later it had basketball, volleyball, athletics and now futsal.

The island was the first place in Cape Verde that sports were introduced.

São Vicente, Cape Verde
São Vicente (Portuguese for "Saint Vincent") is one of the Barlavento Islands, the northern group within the Cape Verde archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean, off the West African coast. It is located between the islands of Santo Antão and Santa Luzia, with the Canal de São Vicente separating it from Santo Antão.
South Bird's Head languages
The South Bird's Head or South Doberai languages are three families of Papuan languages. They form part of the Trans–New Guinea languages in the classifications of Malcolm Ross (2005) and Timothy Usher (2020), though Pawley and Hammarström (2018) do not consider them to be part of Trans–New Guinea. However, according to Dryer (2022), based on a preliminary quantitative analysis of data from the ASJP database, South Bird's Head languages are likely to be a subgroup of Trans–New Guinea.

Malcolm Ross (linguist)
Malcolm David Ross FAHA (born 3 May 1942) is an Australian linguist. He is emeritus professor of linguistics at the Australian National University (ANU).

Ross is best known among linguists for his work on Austronesian and Papuan languages, historical linguistics, and language contact (especially metatypy). He was elected as a Fellow of the Australian Academy of the Humanities in 1996.
1905 Oregon Agricultural Aggies football team
The 1905 Oregon Agricultural Aggies football team represented Oregon Agricultural College (now known as Oregon State University) as an independent during the 1905 college football season. In their second and final season under head coach Allen Steckle, a former All-American tackle from Michigan, the Aggies compiled a 6–3 record and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 166 to 28.

OAC defeated Washington State (29–0), Willamette (28–0), and Washington (16–0), and lost to California (0–10), Oregon (0–6), and the Multnomah Athletic Club (5–6). Bert Pilkington was the team captain.

1905 college football season
The 1905 college football season had the Chicago Maroons retroactively named as national champion by the Billingsley Report, the Helms Athletic Foundation, the National Championship Foundation, and the Houlgate System, while Yale was named champion by Parke H. Davis and Caspar Whitney.  Chicago finished the season 11–0, while Yale finished 10–0. The Official NCAA Division I Football Records Book listed both Chicago and Yale as having been selected national champions.
Jean-Pierre Mafouana
Jean-Pierre Mafouana is a politician from Congo-Brazzaville.

Mafouana was born in Yembo (near Kakamoéka) on October 6, 1934. He was known as 'Defos'. He worked as a supervisor of the private schools of the Catholic mission in Tchiobo. He was a member of the private education teachers union, affiliated to Confédération africaine des travailleurs croyants de l'A.E.F (CATC).

Mafouana was elected to the Legislative Assembly (which later became the National Assembly of the Republic of the Congo) in the 1959 election, standing as a candidate of the Democratic Union for the Defense of African Interests (UDDIA) in Point-Noire. In the National Assembly, he served as rapporteur of the Economic Affairs and Planning Commission. He was appointed ambassador in 1962. He served as director for primary schools and as assistant mayor for Tié-Tié. Mafouana was the deputy mayor of Pointe-Noire.

In 2018 L'Harmattan Congo-Brazzaville published Mafouana's collection of poetry titled Couleurs tropicales.

Pointe-Noire
Pointe-Noire (French pronunciation: [pwɛ̃t.nwaʁ]; Kongo: Njinji, French: Ndjindji with the letter d following French spelling standards) is the second largest city in the Republic of the Congo (behind the capital of Brazzaville), with a population of 1,420,612 inhabitants in 2023. It is also an autonomous department and a commune since the 2002 constitution; before this date it was the capital of the Kouilou region (now a separate department). It is situated on a headland between Pointe-Noire Bay and the Atlantic Ocean. Pointe-Noire is the main economic centre of the country.
Media Information Agency
Media Information Agency (MIA; Macedonian: Медиумска информативна агенција, romanized: Mediumska informativna agencija) is a public information service of North Macedonia. It is among the news agencies that provide professional standards in the sphere of its basic function - covering events, news and information. MIA works 24 hours a day distributing news in Macedonian, English and Albanian supporting the entire information space - printed and electronic media in the country, the media on Macedonian language abroad, the embassies of North Macedonia and other organisations, institutions, missions

Romanization of Macedonian
The romanization of Macedonian is the transliteration of text in Macedonian from the Macedonian Cyrillic alphabet into the Latin alphabet. Romanization can be used for various purposes, such as rendering of proper names in foreign contexts, or for informal writing of Macedonian in environments where Cyrillic is not easily available. Official use of romanization by North Macedonia's authorities is found, for instance, on road signage and in passports. Several different codified standards of transliteration currently exist and there is widespread variability in practice.

Although used for transliteration, Macedonian Latin script is neither widespread nor used in any formal or semi-formal communication in Macedonia. The language law of Macedonia emphasizes Cyrillic as the only alphabet of Macedonian language.