hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Butler (died 1576)
Sir John Butler (1511/14 – 1576), of Watton at Stone, Hertfordshire, was an English politician.

He was the eldest son of Sir Philip Butler.

He was appointed High Sheriff of Essex and Hertfordshire for 1532–33 and 1539–40 and elected a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Hertfordshire in October 1553.

Watton-at-Stone
Watton-at-Stone is a village and civil parish in the East Hertfordshire district of Hertfordshire, England. It lies 4 miles (6 km) north of Hertford, its post town, and 5 miles (8 km) south-east of the centre of Stevenage. It lies in the valley of the River Beane and is served by Watton-at-Stone railway station. As well as the village itself, the parish also covers surrounding rural areas, including the hamlet of Whempstead and much of the Woodhall Park estate. At the 2021 census, the parish had a population of 2,616.
Iron Mountain Trail
Iron Mountain Trail is a 1953 American Western film directed by William Witney and written by Gerald Geraghty. The film stars Rex Allen, Slim Pickens, Grant Withers, Nan Leslie, Roy Barcroft and Forrest Taylor. The film was released on May 8, 1953, by Republic Pictures.

William Witney
William Nuelsen Witney (May 15, 1915 – March 17, 2002) was an American film and television director. He is best remembered for the action films he made for Republic Pictures, particularly serials: Dick Tracy Returns, G-Men vs. the Black Dragon, Daredevils of the Red Circle, Zorro's Fighting Legion, and Drums of Fu Manchu. Prolific and pugnacious, Witney began directing while still in his 20s, and continued working until 1982.
Wickham Bishops
Wickham Bishops is a village and civil parish in the Maldon district of Essex, England. It is located around three miles north of the town of Maldon and around two miles south-east of Witham, in whose post town it lies. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 1,910.

The place name Wickham Bishops is first attested in the Domesday Book of 1086, where it appears as Wicham, meaning 'dwelling place with a (dairy) farm'. Bishops refers to the fact that the land belonged to the Bishop of London. Other references note the historic name of Wycham Episcopi.

Witham
Witham (/ˈwɪtəm/) is a town and civil parish in the Braintree district, in the county of Essex, England. It stands on the Roman road between the cities of Chelmsford (8 mi or 13 km south-west) and Colchester (13 mi or 21 km north-east). The River Brain runs through the town and joins the River Blackwater on the outskirts. At the 2021 census the population of the parish was 27,797 and the population of the built up area was 27,395.
25th Airborne Brigade (Ukraine)
The 25th Airborne Brigade "Sicheslav" (Ukrainian: 25-та окрема повітрянодесантна "Січеславська" бригада; 25 ОПДБр, MUN А1126) is an airborne formation of the Ukrainian Air Assault Forces.

The brigade is the only airborne unit of Ukrainian Air Assault Forces which possesses BMD-1 and BMD-2 airborne infantry fighting vehicles, and is the only unit which can be deployed anywhere by parachute, together with armored vehicles, from Il-76MD aircraft.

BMD-1
The BMD-1 is a Soviet airborne amphibious tracked infantry fighting vehicle (IFV), which was introduced in 1969 and first seen by the West in 1970. BMD stands for Boyevaya Mashina Desanta (Боевая Машина Десанта, which literally translates to "Airborne Combat Vehicle"). It can be dropped by parachute and although it is of similar shape to the BMP-1 it is smaller, at just over half the weight. The BMD-1 was used as an IFV by the Soviet Airborne Forces (VDV). An improved variant of the BMD-1 was developed, the BMD-2. The BMD-1 also provided a basis for the BTR-D airborne multi-purpose tracked APC.
Demoso Township
Demoso Township (Burmese: ဒီမောဆိုး‌မြို့နယ်) is a township in Demoso District in the western part of Kayah State in Myanmar. The township has two towns- the principal town of Demoso and the town of Nanmekhon, which combined comprise a total of five urban wards. The township also contains 173 villages grouped into 25 village tracts. In 2022, Demoso Township and its western  neighbour Hpruso Township were made into their own district by the Ministry of Home Affairs.

Townships of Myanmar
Townships (Burmese: မြို့နယ်, Mrui.nay; IPA: [mjo̰nɛ̀]) are the third-level administrative divisions of Myanmar. They are the sub-divisions of the districts of Myanmar. According to the Myanmar Information Management Unit (MIMU), as of December 2015, there are 330 townships in Myanmar.

Townships are the basic administrative unit of local governance and are the only type of administrative division that cover all of Myanmar. A township is administered by a township administrator, a civil servant appointed through the General Administration Department (GAD) of the Ministry of Home Affairs (MOHA). The minister of home affairs is to be appointed by the military according to the 2008 constitution. Townships are supervised by districts.
Organised Independents
The Organised Independents (often abbreviated to OIs) are a grouping within the National Union of Students of the United Kingdom.

The group is made up of candidates for National Executive Committee posts, all standing on an "independent" label, and their supporters. As such, the OIs have been defined as an interest group as opposed to a faction; this originates from the idea that they are apolitical or moderate, either simply as a group of sabbatical officers seeking to support one another, or as proponents of a membership-focused national ideology. Commentator Rachel Brooks writes that the OIs also have a "shared concern to minimise the influence of 'the left'," which she defines as centring around the factions AWL, Liberation Left, and NCAFC.

Apoliticism
Apoliticism is apathy or antipathy towards all political affiliations. A person may be described as apolitical if they are uninterested or uninvolved in politics. Being apolitical can also refer to situations in which people take an unbiased position in regard to political matters. The Collins English Dictionary defines apolitical as "politically neutral; without political attitudes, content, or bias."
Westerhoff
Westerhoff is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Gay-Yee Westerhoff (born 1973), Chinese-English cellist

Hans Westerhoff (born 1953), Dutch biologist and biochemist

Jan Westerhoff, American philosopher and Orientalist

Rembertus Westerhoff (1801-1874), Dutch politician, Thorbeckian Member of Parliament (1849-1873), general practitioner, scholar, first testator of the Groninger Museum

Jan Westerhoff
Jan Christoph Westerhoff is a German philosopher and orientalist with specific interests in metaphysics and the philosophy of language. He is currently Professor of Buddhist Philosophy in the Faculty of Theology and Religion of the University of Oxford.
Jiuqu
Jiuqu (Chinese: 酒曲; lit. 'liquor yeast'), also simply known as qu, is a type of dried fermentation starter used in the production of traditional Chinese alcoholic beverages. The word jiuqu specifically refers to a type of yeast (曲; 麴; qū) used to make alcohol (酒; jiǔ) such as huangjiu (cereal wine), baijiu (distilled spirits) and jiuniang (alcoholic rice pudding).

Other forms of starters are used for different fermentations, such as soy sauce, rice vinegar, fermented bean curd, and paste. The starter culture for these foods are also known as qu.Jiuqu is similar to, but distinct from, the more widely known Japanese starter known as koji.

The starter creation process in China traditionally took place in homes, villages, or small manufacturing facilities, later shifting to large-scale facilities.

Rice vinegar
Rice vinegar is a vinegar made from rice wine in East Asia (China, Japan and Korea), as well as in Vietnam in Southeast Asia. It is used as a seasoning, dressing, and dipping in many dishes, including sushi, jiaozi, and banchans. Some of its variants are also a drink by themselves.
Kadıköy, Refahiye
Kadıköy is a village in the Refahiye District of Erzincan Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Hormek, Izol and Koçgiri tribes and had a population of 34 in 2022.

It is a former Greek village.

Koçgiri (tribe)
Koçgiri (Kurdish: Eşireta Qoçgirî; Turkish: Koçgiri aşireti) is a collection or confederation of Kurdish Alevi tribes, of mainly from Sivas Province (and also Erzincan Province), in Turkey. They are speakers of a northern dialect of Kurmanji.
Tanglewood Music Festival
The Tanglewood Music Festival is a music festival held every summer on the Tanglewood estate in Stockbridge and Lenox in the Berkshire Hills in western Massachusetts.

The festival consists of a series of concerts, including symphonic music, chamber music, choral music, musical theater, contemporary music, jazz, and pop music. The Boston Symphony Orchestra is in residence at the festival, but many of the concerts are put on by other groups. It is one of the premier music festivals in the United States and one of the top in the world.

Stockbridge, Massachusetts
Stockbridge is a town in Berkshire County in Western Massachusetts, United States. It is part of the Pittsfield, Massachusetts, Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 2,018 at the 2020 census. A year-round resort area, Stockbridge is home to the Norman Rockwell Museum, Naumkeag, a public garden and historic house, the Austen Riggs Center (a psychiatric treatment center), and Chesterwood, home and studio of sculptor Daniel Chester French.
Kids' Choice Awards Argentina 2017
The 7th Annual Nickelodeon Argentina Kids' Choice Awards was held on 19 October 2017, at Teatro Coliseo in Buenos Aires, and was broadcast on 21 October 2017 through Nickelodeon. Mercedes Lambre and Leandro Leunis hosted the ceremony. Lali and Isabella Castillo led nominations with three each, and also were the biggest winners of the night, along with Camila Cabello and Mica Viciconte, with two awards each. Susana Giménez received the Career Achievement Award.

Susana Giménez
María Susana Giménez-Aubert (born 29 January 1944), known as Susana Giménez (Spanish pronunciation: [suˈsana xiˈmenes]), is an Argentine TV host, actress, model and businesswoman. In 2012, she was considered the biggest celebrity in Argentine television by the media firm that publishes her eponymous magazine.

She is the host of Susana Giménez, a highly rated television variety show in Argentina, similar in format to those of Raffaella Carrà (in Italy and Spain) and Oprah Winfrey (in United States). In 1997, she was awarded with the Golden Martín Fierro Award, and in 2002 won the INTE Award for TV Hostess of the Year.
Since 2020, she lives in Uruguay.
Al-Asr
Al-Aṣr (Arabic: العصر, romanized: al-ʻaṣr, The Declining Day, Eventide, The Epoch, Time) is the 103rd chapter (sūrah) of the Qur’ān, the Muslim holy book. It contains three āyāt or verses. Surat al-‘Aṣr is the third shortest chapter after Al-Kawthar and Al-Naṣr, being shorter than Al-Naṣr by only two words in the 3rd verse.

۝ By the afternoon;

۝ verily man employeth himself in that which will prove of loss:

۝ except those who believe, and do that which is right; and who mutually recommend the truth, and mutually recommend perseverance unto each other.

Al-Shafi'i
Al-Shafi'i (Arabic: الشَّافِعِيّ, romanized: al-Shāfiʿī; IPA: [a(l) ʃaːfiʕiː] ⓘ;767–820 CE) was a Muslim scholar, jurist, muhaddith, traditionist, theologian, ascetic, and eponym of the Shafi'i school of Sunni Islamic jurisprudence. He is known to be the first to write a book upon the  principles of Islamic jurisprudence, having authored one of the earliest work on the subject: al-Risala. His legacy and teaching on the matter provided it with a systematic form, thereby "fundamentally influencing the succeeding generations which are under his direct and obvious impact,": 270  and "beginning a new phase of the development of legal theory.": 239–273

Born in Gaza, Palestine, to the Banu Muttalib clan of the Quraysh tribe, he relocated at the age of two and was raised in Mecca. He later resided in Medina, Yemen, Baghdad in Iraq, and Egypt, and also served as a judge for some time in Najran.
Tunisian salt lakes
The Tunisian salt lakes are a series of lakes in central Tunisia, lying south of the Atlas Mountains at the northern edge of the Sahara. The lakes include, from east to west, the Chott el Fedjedj, Chott el Djerid, and Chott el Gharsa.

Chott
In geology, a chott, shott, or shatt (/ˈʃɒt/; Arabic: شط, romanized: šaṭṭ, lit. 'bank, coast') is a salt lake in Africa's Maghreb that stays dry for much of the year but receives some water in the winter.  The elevation of a chott surface is controlled by the position of the water table and capillary fringe, with sediment deflation occurring when the water table falls and sediment accumulation occurring when the water table rises. They are formed—within variable shores—by the spring thaw from the Atlas mountain range, along with occasional rainwater or groundwater sources in the Sahara, such as the Bas Saharan Basin.
Tomasz Mendrek
Tomasz Mendrek (born 9 August 1968) is a former Czech badminton player and coach. He represented Czechoslovakia in badminton at the 1992 Summer Olympics. He is a 7-time national champion in men's doubles. Mendrek was the national junior coach of the Austrian national team from 2000 to 2005.

Mendrek also served as the junior coach of the Czech Republic national team in 2007.

Austria national badminton team
The Austria national badminton team (German: Österreichische badminton-nationalmannschaft) represents Austria in international badminton team competitions and is controlled by the Austrian Badminton Association (Austrian German: Österreichischer Badmintonverband). Austria participated in the Sudirman Cup from 1989 until 2017.

The men's team were quarterfinalists at the 2006 European Men's Team Badminton Championships. The Austrian team also competes in the Helvetia Cup.
Maricao barrio-pueblo
Maricao barrio-pueblo  is a barrio and the administrative center (seat) of Maricao, a municipality of Puerto Rico. Its population in 2010 was 716.

As was customary in Spain, in Puerto Rico, the municipality has a barrio called pueblo which contains a central plaza, the municipal buildings (city hall), and a Catholic church. Fiestas patronales (patron saint festivals) are held in the central plaza every year.

Fiestas patronales in Puerto Rico
Fiestas patronales in Puerto Rico are yearly celebrations held in each municipality of the island. Like in other countries, "fiestas patronales" are heavily influenced by Spanish culture and religion, and are dedicated to a saint or the Blessed Virgin Mary under one of her titles.

The festivities usually include religious processions honoring its Catholic heritage. However, elements of African and local culture have been incorporated as well. They also feature parades, games, artisans, amusement rides, regional food, and live entertainment.
Lower Saxon Mill Road
The Lower Saxon Mill Road (German: Niedersächsische Mühlenstrasse) is a holiday route that guides visitors to watermills and windmills in the north German state of Lower Saxony and thus links the interests of historic monument conservation with those of the tourist industry.

Scenic route
A scenic route, tourist road, tourist drive, scenic byway, or holiday road is a specially designated road or waterway that travels through an area of natural or cultural beauty. It often passes by scenic viewpoints. The designation is usually determined by a governmental body, such as a Department of Transportation or a Ministry of Transport.
Millbrae Crescent
Millbrae Crescent is a street located in Glasgow providing numerous examples of category A listed buildings thought to be designed by Alexander "Greek" Thomson, or posthumously by his architectural partner, Robert Turnbull. The street comprises an elegant row of two-storey terraced houses built using blonde sandstone and exemplifying Thomson's typical use of Egyptian-derived columns and ornamentation.  Millbrae Crescent is located on the River Cart in Langside, Glasgow, and within close proximity of Thomson's noted residential Victorian villa, Holmwood House. The crescent, which is located near the White Cart Water river, has been a high risk area for flooding over the years.

Langside
Langside is a district in the Scottish city of Glasgow. It is situated south of the River Clyde, and lies east of Shawlands, south of Queens Park, west of Cathcart and north of Newlands. The district is residential and primarily middle-class, and has become an increasingly fashionable address in recent years. The housing stock is mainly of the Victorian tenement type, along with some townhouses of the same period.
Filey Lifeboat Station
Filey Lifeboat Station is located at Coble Landing on Forshore Road in Filey, a seaside town approximately 40 miles (64 km) north-east of York, sitting between Scarborough and Bridlington on the east coast of North Yorkshire, England. It is one of eight operational RNLI lifeboat stations situated on the Yorkshire Coast.

A lifeboat station was established at Filey by local committee in 1804. Management of the station was transferred to the Royal National Institute for the Preservation of Life from Shipwreck (RNIPLS) in 1852, which became the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) two years later.

The station operates the B-class (Atlantic 85) Inshore lifeboat, Marjorie Shepherd (B-928) and the smaller D-class (IB1) Inshore lifeboat, The Rotarian (D-859), both on station since 2021.

Bridlington
Bridlington is a seaside town and civil parish in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It is on the Holderness part (Flamborough Head to the Humber estuary) of the Yorkshire Coast by the North Sea. The town is about 28 miles (45 km) north of Hull and 34 miles (55 km) east of York. The stream called Gypsey Race flows through the town and enters the North Sea at the harbour.

The Priory Church of St Mary and associated Bayle (or gate) are Grade I listed buildings on the site of an Augustinian Priory. As a sea-fishing port, the town is known for shellfish, and is the largest lobster port in Europe, with over 300 tonnes of the crustaceans landed there each year. It has been termed the "Lobster Capital of Europe". Alongside manufacturing, retail and service firms, its main trade is summer tourism. It holds one of the UK's coastal weather stations.
Kosmos 1408
Kosmos-1408 (Russian: Космос-1408) was an electronic signals intelligence (ELINT) satellite operated by the Soviet Union. It was launched into low Earth orbit on 16 September 1982 at 14:55 UTC, replacing Kosmos-1378. It operated for around two years before becoming inactive and left in orbit.

The satellite was destroyed in a Russian anti-satellite weapon test on 15 November 2021, resulting in space debris in orbits between 300 and 1,100 km (190 and 680 mi) above Earth. The threat of potential collision with debris caused the crew of the International Space Station (ISS) to take shelter in their escape capsules for the first few passes of the debris cloud, and permanently increased the future risk of a debris collision with the ISS or other satellites.

Signals intelligence
Signals intelligence (SIGINT) is the act and field of intelligence-gathering by interception of signals, whether communications between people (communications intelligence—abbreviated to COMINT) or from electronic signals not directly used in communication (electronic intelligence—abbreviated to ELINT). As classified and sensitive information is usually encrypted, signals intelligence may necessarily involve cryptanalysis (to decipher the messages). Traffic analysis—the study of who is signaling to whom and in what quantity—is also used to integrate information, and it may complement cryptanalysis.
California Peak
California Peak is a high mountain summit in the Sangre de Cristo Range of the Rocky Mountains of North America.  The 13,855-foot (4,223 m) thirteener is located on the Sierra Blanca Massif, 12.1 miles (19.5 km) north (bearing 4°) of the Town of Blanca, Colorado, United States, on the drainage divide separating in Rio Grande National Forest and Alamosa County from San Isabel National Forest and Huerfano County.

Huerfano County, Colorado
Huerfano County (/ˈwɛərfənoʊ/ WAIR-fə-noh;  Spanish pronunciation: [ˈweɾfano]) is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,820. The county seat is Walsenburg.  The county, whose name comes from the Spanish huérfano meaning "orphan", was named for the Huerfano Butte, a local landmark. The area of Huerfano County boomed early in the 1900s with the discovery of large coal deposits. After large scale World War II coal demand ended in the 1940s Walsenburg and Huerfano saw a steady economic decline through 2015.
Alexander Solodukha
Alexander Antonovich Solodukha (Belarusian: Аляксандр Антонавич Саладуха; born January 18, 1959, in Kamenka, Sergiyevo-Posadsky District, Moscow Oblast) is a Belarusian singer.

In 1991  Alexander starts his solo career, performing in a Band "Carousel."

Solodukha names Valery Leontiev and Stas Mikhaylov as singers who influenced him.

In 1995, Alexander Solodukha comes to Russia to record his first album, "Hello, Some Strangers' Sweetheart." By the present moment, the performed has released 4 albums.

At the National Music Awards 2012 presented by the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Belarus and the Capital TV channel, Solodukha was honored in the category of “Best Tour” as well as “Creativity of the Year” (together with participants of the project Russian: Поющие города  from Minsk).

In September 2020, he starred in the video “They Don’t Give Up Your Loved One”, the purpose of which is to support Alexander Lukashenko during Belarusian mass protests against election fraud.

Capital TV (Belarus)
Capital Television (CTV) (Belarusian: СТБ (Сталічнае тэлебачанне)) is a state-owned TV channel in Belarus covering the whole country.

The corresponding closed joint-stock company "Russian: Столичное телевидение" was registered on October 19, 2000, and its first broadcast was on January 1, 2001. Initially it covered only the news from the capital city of Minsk, since 2005, the coverage includes the whole country.

In December 2009, the channel aired The Theorists, a shot-for-shot clone of The Big Bang Theory. Weeks after the initial airing, Chuck Lorre addressed the issue in one of his vanity plates, where it was revealed that the series was sent to Warner Bros. Television's legal department, whose officials states that suing for copyright infringement in Belarus was impossible. STV ceased airing the series after just four episodes on air.

Since October 2017 CTV started broadcasting in HDTV format.
Félix Pollaczek
Félix Pollaczek (1 December 1892 in Vienna – 29 April 1981 at Boulogne-Billancourt) was an Austrian-French engineer and mathematician, known for numerous contributions to  number theory, mathematical analysis, mathematical physics and probability theory. He is best known for the Pollaczek–Khinchine formula in queueing theory (1930), and the Meixner-Pollaczek polynomials.

Mathematical physics
Mathematical physics is the development of mathematical methods for application to problems in physics. The Journal of Mathematical Physics defines the field as "the application of mathematics to problems in physics and the development of mathematical methods suitable for such applications and for the formulation of physical theories". An alternative definition would also include those mathematics that are inspired by physics, known as physical mathematics.