hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thigmomorphogenesis
Thigmomorphogenesis involves plants altering their growth and development in response to mechanical stimuli, such as touch, wind, or rain. This process begins with the perception of mechanical forces by cellular mechanosensors, followed by their transduction into signal transduction pathways cascades, and culminating in changes in gene expression and hormone activity. The response integrates diverse molecular components, including mechanosensitive ion channels, receptor-like kinases, the cytoskeletal elements, phytohormones, and transcription factors, which collectively drive both immediate physiological and long-term morphological adaptations.

Early observations noted that greenhouse-grown plants were often taller and more slender than stockier plants grown outdoors, where they were exposed to natural mechanical stresses. The term "thigmomorphogenesis" is derived from Ancient Greek θιγγάνω (thingánō, "to touch"), μορφή (morphê, "shape"), and γένεσις (génesis, "creation").

Lignin
Lignin is a class of complex organic polymers that form key structural materials in the support tissues of most plants.  Lignins are particularly important in the formation of cell walls, especially in wood and bark, because they lend rigidity and do not rot easily. Chemically, lignins are polymers made by the cross-linking of phenolic precursors.
Tin Machine Live: Oy Vey, Baby
Tin Machine Live: Oy Vey, Baby is a live album by Anglo-American rock band Tin Machine, originally released through London Records on 27 July 1992. The album includes songs, all from the band's two albums, recorded between 20 November 1991 and 11 February 1992 from five different venues on the North American and Asian legs of Tin Machine's It's My Life Tour. The maligned album title was intended as a pun on U2's 1991 album Achtung Baby. Oy Vey, Baby has received negative reviews, with many criticising the performances. It failed to chart in both the UK and the US. It was accompanied by a concert video of the same title, which was filmed at The Docks, Hamburg on 24 October 1991. Following its release, Tin Machine disbanded and Bowie quickly resumed his solo career with Black Tie White Noise (1993).

Docks (nightclub)
Docks (formerly Knopf's Music Hall) is a nightclub located at Spielbudenplatz in the St. Pauli district of Hamburg, Germany. It has a capacity between 1,250 and 1,500 people. The building opened in 1900 as a cinema. Notable past performers include Bob Dylan, Black Sabbath, David Bowie, Metallica, Motörhead, Ramones, Red Hot Chili Peppers, Def Leppard, Ozzy Osbourne, Dio, Iron Maiden, Nine Inch Nails, Liam Gallagher, and Melissa Etheridge (who played here on November 9, 1989, and then drove to West-Berlin encountering East-Germans who crossed to West-Germany at the border control in Gudow).

Docks – At Night

Docks – Inside
Xiguan Mosque
The Xiguan Mosque (simplified Chinese: 西关清真寺; traditional Chinese: 西關清真寺; pinyin: Xīguān Qīngzhēnsì), also known as the West Cross Mosque Lanzhou, is a mosque in the Chengguan District of Lanzhou City, in the province of Gansu, China.

Chengguan, Lanzhou
Chengguan District (simplified Chinese: 城关区; traditional Chinese: 城關區; pinyin: Chéngguān Qū; lit. 'City Gate District') is one of 5 districts and the municipal seat of the prefecture-level city of Lanzhou, the capital of Gansu Province, China. It is located mostly on the southern side of the Yellow River, and  includes the downtown Lanzhou. Both the Gansu provincial government capitol and that of Lanzhou prefecture-level city are located within the district. The Lanzhou Railway Station is also located in this district.
Franciscan Missionaries of Christ the King
The Franciscan Missionaries of Christ the King (F.M.C.K.) is a Roman Catholic religious congregation for women that originated in what is now Pakistan and founded schools, orphanages, homes for the aged and disabled and hospitals throughout the country. They are distinct from the Franciscan Sisters of Christ the King in the United States.

Religious congregation
A religious congregation is a type of religious institute in the Catholic Church. They are legally distinguished from religious orders – the other major type of religious institute – in that members take simple vows, whereas members of religious orders take solemn vows.
M. Sathyanesan
Manuel Sathyanesan (9 September 1934 – 2009) was an Indian politician, who belonged to the Communist Party of India (Marxist). He represented Parassala in the fourth, fifth and eighth Kerala Legislative Assembly.

He has also held other positions such as chairman of the Committee on Private Members' Bills and Resolutions in 1989. He was also the president of the Kollayil Panchayat for 16 Years and was a state committee member of the All India Kisan Sabha. Sathyanesan also served as the secretary of the CPI (M) district committee.

1970 Kerala Legislative Assembly election
Elections were held on 17 September 1970 to elect members of the fourth Niyamasabha. The United Front, led by CPI, IUML, RSP, and with the external support from INC, won plurality of seats and formed the government, with C. Achutha Menon as the Chief Minister.
Sandeep Reddy Vanga
Sandeep Reddy Vanga is an Indian film director, screenwriter and editor who works in Telugu and Hindi cinema. Vanga made his screenwriting and directing debut with the 2017 Telugu-language romantic drama Arjun Reddy, a critical and commercial success. He also directed its 2019 Hindi-language remake, Kabir Singh, which became the highest grossing A-rated Indian film of its time. Vanga's prominence increased with the Hindi-language 2023 action-drama Animal, which generally received mixed reviews from the critics. Nevertheless the film emerged as the 10th highest-grossing Indian film and the highest-grossing A-rated Indian film of its time. For Animal, Vanga was nominated for Best Director, Best Screenplay writer and Best Editor at the 69th Filmfare Awards.

69th Filmfare Awards
The 69th Filmfare Awards is a ceremony, presented by The Times Group, which honored the best Indian Hindi-language films of 2023.

Rocky Aur Rani Kii Prem Kahaani led the ceremony with 20 nominations, followed by Animal with 19 nominations, Pathaan with 16 nominations, Jawan with 15 nominations, and 12th Fail with 12 nominations.

12th Fail and Animal won 5 awards each, thus becoming the most-awarded films at the ceremony, with the former winning Best Film, Best Director (for Vidhu Vinod Chopra) and Best Actor (Critics) (for Vikrant Massey), and the latter winning Best Actor (for Ranbir Kapoor).

Shah Rukh Khan received dual nominations for Best Actor for his performances in Jawan and Dunki, but lost to Ranbir Kapoor who won the award for Animal.
Atme
Atme (Arabic: اطمه, romanized: ‘Aṭma, also spelled Atma, Atima, Atmeh) is a town in northern Syria, administratively part of the Idlib Governorate, located north of Idlib and just east of the border with Turkey. It lies southeast of Deir Ballut, south of Jindires, northwest of Qah and north of Sarmada and al-Dana. In the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics' 2004 census, it had a population of 2,255.

Syria–Turkey border
The border between the Syrian Arab Republic and the Republic of Turkey (Arabic: الحدود السورية التركية, romanized: alhudud alsuwriat alturkia; Turkish: Suriye–Türkiye sınırı) is  909 kilometres (565 mi) long, and runs from the Mediterranean Sea in the west to the tripoint with Iraq in the east. It runs across Upper Mesopotamia for some 400 kilometres (250 mi), crossing  the Euphrates and reaching as far as the Tigris. Much of the border follows the Southern Turkish stretch of the Baghdad Railway, roughly along the 37th parallel between the 37th and 42nd eastern meridians. In the west, it almost surrounds the Turkish Hatay Province, partly following the course of the Orontes River and reaching the Mediterranean coast at the foot of Jebel Aqra. Should Turkey, which is a candidate for EU membership, accede to the EU, Syria will be a border neighbor with the European Union.
William Griggs (physician)
William Griggs was a medical doctor in Salem Village, Massachusetts. He is best known as the doctor who diagnosed the Salem Villagers as possessed, during the time of the Salem witch trials. Griggs was in charge of diagnosing and determining how "much" of a witch they were. Griggs claimed that the "afflicted" girls were "under an Evil hand" (most likely referring to the Devil).

Danvers, Massachusetts
Danvers is a town in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States, located on the Danvers River near the northeastern coast of Massachusetts. The suburb is a fairly short ride from Boston and is also in close proximity to the beaches of Gloucester, Ipswich and Revere. Originally known as Salem Village, the town is most widely known for its association with the 1692 Salem witch trials. It was also the site of Danvers State Hospital, one of the state's 19th-century psychiatric hospitals. Danvers is a local center of commerce, hosting many car dealerships and the Liberty Tree Mall. As of the 2020 United States Census, the town's population was 28,087.
Sink strainer
In plumbing, a sink strainer is a type of perforated metal sieve or mesh strainer used to strain or filter out solid debris in the water system. Different varieties are used in residential premises and for industrial or commercial applications. Such strainer elements are generally made from stainless steel for corrosion resistance.

Sieve
A sieve (/ˈsɪv/), fine mesh strainer, or sift is a tool used for separating wanted elements from unwanted material or for controlling the particle size distribution of a sample, using a screen such as a woven mesh or net or perforated sheet material. The word sift derives from sieve.

In cooking, a sifter is used to separate and break up clumps in dry ingredients such as flour, as well as to aerate and combine them. A strainer (see colander), meanwhile, is a form of sieve used to separate suspended solids from a liquid by filtration.
Omphale (Gérôme sculpture)
Omphale is a marble sculpture by the French artist Jean-Léon Gérôme, made between 1886 and 1887, and now kept in the Musée Georges-Garret in Vesoul. A pencil sketch of the work is kept at the Dallas Museum of Art.

Dallas Museum of Art
The Dallas Museum of Art (DMA) is an art museum located in the Arts District of downtown Dallas, Texas, along Woodall Rodgers Freeway between St. Paul and Harwood. In the 1970s, the museum moved from its previous location in Fair Park to the Arts District. The new building was designed by Edward Larrabee Barnes and John MY Lee Associates, the 2007 winner of the American Institute of Architects Gold Medal. The construction of the building spanned in stages over a decade.

The museum collection is made up of more than 24,000 objects, dating from the third millennium BC to the present day. It is known for its dynamic exhibition policy and educational programs. The Mildred R. and Frederick M. Mayer Library (the museum's non-circulating research library) contains over 50,000 volumes available to curators and the general public. With 159,000 square feet (14,800 m2) of exhibition spaces, it is one of the largest art museums in the United States.
Chand Mal Lodha
Chand Mal Lodha (18 July 1918 – 28 January 2012) was an Indian judge, a chief justice of the Rajasthan High Court and the Guwahati High Court.

He was born in 1918 at Jodhpur in Rajasthan, and graduated as a gold medalist LLB from Allahabad in 1940.  He was appointed judge of the Rajasthan High Court on 22 November 1967 and served till 27 June 1976 . He was transferred to Madhya Pradesh High Court in 1976 where he served till 1978. He later became chief justice of the Guwahati High Court in 1978 and transferred to Rajasthan High Court back in 1979. Post retirement in 1980, he started practicing as a Senior Advocate, Supreme Court of India and remained in active practice until 1996.

Madhya Pradesh High Court
The Madhya Pradesh High Court is the High Court of the state of Madhya Pradesh which is located in Jabalpur. It was established as the Nagpur High Court on 2 January 1936 by Letters Patent dated 2 January 1936, issued under Section 108 the Government of India Act, 1935. This Letters Patent continued in force even after the adoption of the constitution of India on 26 January 1950 by virtue of Articles 225 & 372 thereof. The court has a sanctioned judge strength of 53.
Pittsburgh Musical Theater
Pittsburgh Musical Theater (PMT) is a professional theatre company located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.  Founded in 1990, the company has since expanded with the educational programs offered by the Richard E. Rauh Conservatory of Musical Theater.  The Conservatory offers musical theatre classes to young people which are taught by local professionals.  PMT also does matinee performances for local high schools.

The company has mounted productions of musicals from all eras and genres in numerous locations throughout Pittsburgh, such as the New Hazlett Theater, the Stephen Foster Memorial, Antonian Theatre, Hartwood Tent, Fulton Theatre, City Theatre, Papa J's Mercato, and the Byham Theater, where it is currently in residence.

In 2013, the organization announced plans to purchase the James Centre in Pittsburgh's West End as a space for classes and performances.

West End (Pittsburgh)
West End Village (originally named Temperanceville) is a neighborhood in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania's west city area. It has a zip code of 15220, and has representation on Pittsburgh City Council by the council member for District 2 (West Neighborhoods).

The neighborhood lies in a small valley south of the Ohio River and less than a mile from downtown Pittsburgh. Temperanceville was founded as a dry town and was annexed to the City of Pittsburgh in 1874. To support neighborhood businesses, the Urban Redevelopment Authority added the West End Village as a Mainstreet Pittsburgh district in 2009. The West End Bridge crosses the Ohio River and connects the neighborhood to the North Side of the city. Carson St. connects it to Station Square and the South Side to the east, and the borough of McKees Rocks to the west.
Pintu Hidayah
Pintu Hidayah is an Islamic religious soap opera aired by RCTI. The series stars all SinemArt casts with the title of a different storyline every week. Pintu Hidayah was first aired from 2005 until 2007, and reruns can be seen on MNCTV.

MNCTV
PT MNC Televisi Indonesia (previously PT Televisi Pendidikan Indonesia and PT Cipta Televisi Pendidikan Indonesia), operating as MNCTV (abbreviation for Media Nusantara Citra Television, formerly known as TPI) is an Indonesian private free-to-air television broadcaster. It was founded on 23 January 1990, at first broadcasting only educational programmes, but has since become similar to other Indonesian TV networks, showing programs such as quizzes, sinetron (soap operas), reality TV shows, sports shows, newscasts, and recently, dangdut music.
J. J. Anderson
Mitchell Keith "J. J." Anderson (born September 25, 1960) is a retired American professional basketball player in the National Basketball Association (NBA). His position was power forward. He stood at 6'8" and weighed 205 lbs. He lives in Bristol, Wisconsin.

Bristol (town), Kenosha County, Wisconsin
The Town of Bristol was a former town in Kenosha County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 4,538 at the 2000 census—before a portion of the town was incorporated as the Village of Bristol. The remainder of the Town of Bristol was annexed by the Villages of Bristol and Pleasant Prairie effective July 4, 2010, and the town ceased to exist.
Mark Chelgren
Eric Mark Chelgren (born January 21, 1968) is an American politician who served in the Iowa Senate. He is a member of the Republican Party. He was elected to the Iowa Senate in 2010 and re-elected in 2014. He represented District 41.

He has drawn controversy for proposing legislation that would cap the percentage difference in political parties of professors and instructors that state universities can hire. He also drew controversy for his false claim of having a "business degree" from the "Forbco Management School," which was in fact a manager training course run by a company that operated Sizzler restaurants in southern California.

Chelgren announced in March 2018 that he would not be a candidate for reelection in 2018.

Iowa Senate
41°35′28″N 93°36′14″W﻿ / ﻿41.591°N 93.604°W﻿ / 41.591; -93.604

The Iowa Senate is the upper house of the Iowa General Assembly. There are 50 seats in the Iowa Senate, representing 50 single-member districts across the state of Iowa with populations of approximately 63,807 per constituency, as of the 2020 United States census. Each Senate district is composed of two House districts. The Senate meets at the Iowa State Capitol in Des Moines.

Unlike the lower house, the Iowa House of Representatives, senators serve four-year terms, with no term limits. Terms are staggered so that half the Senate is up for reelection every two years.
UAAP Season 72 basketball tournaments
The University Athletic Association of the Philippines Season 72 basketball tournaments are the basketball events of UAAP's 2009–10 season.

Far Eastern University was the season host and the tournament kicked off with a doubleheader on July 11 at the Araneta Coliseum. At the conclusion of the season, the Ateneo Blue Eagles and the Ateneo Blue Eaglets successfully defended their men's and juniors' championships, beating the UE Red Warriors and the De La Salle Junior Archers in the Finals; the Adamson Lady Falcons reclaimed the women's championship beating the defending champions FEU Lady Tamaraws in their own Finals series.

ABS-CBN UHF channel Studio 23 broadcast the men's tournament for the tenth consecutive year, and renewed their contract with the UAAP for another five years.

Studio 23
Studio 23 (officially Studio 23, Inc. and stylized in all uppercase as STUDIO 23) was a Philippine free-to-air television network owned by AMCARA Broadcasting Network. The network was named for its flagship station in Metro Manila, DWAC-TV and carried on UHF channel 23. The network was a sister network of the main channel, ABS-CBN, airing programming aimed towards young adults, such as North American imports and other English-language programming, and original Tagalog programming aimed at the demographic as well, such as supplemental programming for ABS-CBN programs. This station studios were located at 3/F ABS-CBN Broadcasting Center, Sgt. Esguerra Ave., Mother Ignacia St., Diliman, Quezon City.
Poor laws of the Isle of Man
The poor laws of the Isle of Man refer to the legislation relating to poor relief passed on the Isle of Man during the 19th century.

The Isle of Man, in contrast to neighbouring Britain, did not adopt an English style scheme of poor relief (see Tudor Poor Laws) and instead, prior to the Napoleonic Wars, relied on a system of charitable work undertaken by friendly societies and charitable donations collected by each parish church. The novel The Deemster also describes a system of house-to-house begging on the island. When this system of voluntary donations proved ineffective, a committee of enquiry was formed to consider reform. An Act of Tynwald established a Home for the Poor in 1889.

Friendly society
A friendly society (sometimes called a benefit society, mutual aid society, benevolent society, fraternal organization or ROSCA) is a mutual association for the purposes of insurance, pensions, savings or cooperative banking. It is a mutual organization or benefit society composed of a body of people who join together for a common financial or social purpose. Before modern insurance and the welfare state, friendly societies provided financial and social services to individuals, often according to their religious, political, or trade affiliations. These societies are still widespread in many parts of the developing world, where they are referred to as ROSCAs (rotating savings and credit associations), ASCAs (accumulating savings and credit associations), burial societies, chit funds, etc.
King's Dead
"King's Dead" is a song by American rappers Jay Rock, Kendrick Lamar, and Future with English singer James Blake, from the soundtrack album of the Marvel Studios superhero film Black Panther and Jay Rock's third studio album Redemption. The version featured on Redemption did not feature Lamar and Blake and contains multiple differences to the original one.

It was released by Top Dawg Entertainment, Aftermath Entertainment and Interscope Records on January 11, 2018, as both the soundtrack's second single and as the lead single from Redemption. The song is Jay Rock's first single to chart on the Billboard Hot 100. The song, along with "Bubblin" by Anderson .Paak, won Best Rap Performance, and was nominated for Best Rap Song at the 61st Annual Grammy Awards.

Aftermath Entertainment
Aftermath Entertainment is an American record label founded by rapper and record producer Dr. Dre in 1996. It operates as a subsidiary of Universal Music Group, and is distributed through Interscope Records.

The label's roster includes artists such as Eminem, Marsha Ambrosius, Anderson .Paak, and Ez Mil, while former artists include 50 Cent and Kendrick Lamar, Busta Rhymes among others.
Nyborg (nomination district)
Nyborg nominating district is one of the 92 nominating districts that exists for Danish elections following the 2007 municipal reform. It consists of Kertminde and Nyborg municipality. It was created in 1849 as a constituency, and has been a nomination district since 1920, though its boundaries have been changed since then.

In general elections, the district tends to vote close to the national result when looking at the split vote between the two blocs.

Kerteminde Municipality
Kerteminde Municipality (Danish: Kerteminde Kommune) is a kommune in the Region of Southern Denmark on the northeast coast of the island of Funen in central Denmark. The municipality includes the island of Romsø, and it covers an area of 203 km2. It has a total population of 23,949 (2025). The main town and the site of its municipal council is the town of Kerteminde.

Ferry service connects the municipality to the island of Romsø from the harbour in the town of Kerteminde.
Uga, Anambra
Uga is a town in Aguata Local Government Area  of Anambra State, Nigeria. It is 13 km South East of Igbo-Ukwu, 12 km South of Ekwulobia, and 45 km South of Awka, the Anambra State Capital. It has four (4) communities namely : Umueze, Oka, Umuoru and Awarasi. It has recognised landmarks and tourist attractions such as the "Obizi Uga", a natural spring and a spectacular scenery which was the site of an ancient tale in the Uga oral tradition. Uga is the site of an annual traditional celebration known as the "OBUOFOR" festival held every 26 December. Uga has one of the largest markets in the Aguata local government area known as "ORIE" which supports the economic activities of the local community and other surrounding towns.

The town has an official Post Office.

Local government areas of Nigeria
Nigeria has 768 local government areas (LGAs) and 6 Area Councils, making 774 LGA each administered by a local government council consisting of a chairman, who is the chief executive, and other elected members, who are referred to as councillors. Each LGA is further subdivided into a minimum of ten and a maximum of twenty wards. A ward is administered by a councillor, who reports directly to the LGA chairman. The councillors fall under the legislative arm of the Local Government, the third tier of government in Nigeria, below the state governments and the federal government.