hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
HD 49947
HD 49947 (HR 2531) is a solitary star in the southern circumpolar constellation Volans. It has an apparent magnitude of 6.36, placing it near the max naked eye visibility. Parallax measurements place the object at a distance of 459 light years but is receding with a heliocentric radial velocity of 15.88 km/s

HD 49947 has a stellar classification of G8 III and is a red clump giant, meaning that it is located on the warm end of the horizontal branch. At present it has double the mass of the Sun and at an age of 1.27 billion years, has expanded to an enlarged radius of 10.33 solar radii. It radiates at 61 times the luminosity of the Sun from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,964 K, giving a yellow hue. HD 49947 is metal deficient with an iron abundance 68% that of Sun and spins very slowly.

Metre per second
The metre per second  is the unit of both speed (a scalar quantity) and velocity (a vector quantity, which has direction and magnitude) in the International System of Units (SI), equal to the speed of a body covering a distance of one metre in a time of one second. As the base unit for speed in the SI, it is commonly used in physics, mechanics, and engineering contexts. It represents both scalar speed and vector velocity, depending on context. According to the definition of metre, 1 m/s is exactly ⁠1/299792458⁠ of the speed of light.

The SI unit symbols are m/s, m·s−1, m s−1, or ⁠m/s⁠.
Technical lettering
Technical lettering is the process of forming letters, numerals, and other characters in technical drawing. It is used to describe, or provide detailed specifications for, an object. With the goals of legibility and uniformity, styles are standardized and lettering ability has little relationship to normal writing ability.   Engineering drawings use a Gothic sans-serif script, formed by a series of short strokes. Lower case letters are rare in most drawings of machines.

Pantograph
A pantograph (from Greek  παντ- 'all, every' and  γραφ- 'to write', from its original use for copying writing) is a mechanical linkage connected in a manner based on parallelograms so that the movement of one pen or stylus, in tracing an image, produces mimic movements recorded by a second pen. If a line drawing is traced by the first point, an identical, enlarged, or miniaturized copy will be drawn by a pen fixed to the other. Using the same principle, different kinds of pantographs are used for other forms of duplication in areas such as sculpting, minting, engraving, and milling.
Lactifluus rugulostipitatus
Lactifluus rugulostipitatus is a species of mushroom in the family Russulaceae. It was described by James K. Douch, Lachlan Tegart, Luke Vaughan, and Teresa Lebel in 2021. The specific epithet refers to the longitudinally wrinkled stipe that is characteristic of this species. The type locality is near Mount Bundey, Australia.

Russulaceae
The Russulaceae are a diverse family of fungi in the order Russulales, with roughly 1,900 known species and a worldwide distribution. They comprise the brittlegills and the milk-caps, well-known mushroom-forming fungi that include some edible species. These gilled mushrooms are characterised by the brittle flesh of their fruitbodies.

In addition to these typical agaricoid forms, the family contains species with fruitbodies that are laterally striped (pleurotoid), closed (secotioid or gasteroid), or crust-like (corticioid). Molecular phylogenetics has demonstrated close affinities between species with very different fruitbody types and has discovered new, distinct lineages.

An important group of root-symbiotic ectomycorrhizal fungi in forests and shrublands around the world includes Lactifluus, Multifurca, Russula, and Lactarius. The crust-forming genera Boidinia, Gloeopeniophorella, and Pseudoxenasma, all wood-decay fungi, have basal positions in the family.
Labdia semicoccinea
Labdia semicoccinea is a moth of the family Cosmopterigidae. It is found in Japan, Taiwan, Java, India, China and the Caucasus. It is an introduced species in parts of Europe.

The wingspan is 12–15 mm.

The larvae feed on Cajanus indicus, Polyscias, Zamis and Prunus donarium. They live in the stems of their host plant.

Cosmopterigidae
The Cosmopterigidae  are a family of insects (cosmet moths) in the order Lepidoptera. These are small moths with narrow wings whose tiny larvae feed internally on the leaves, seeds and stems of their host plants. About 1500 species have been described. The taxonomic family is most diverse in the Australian and Pacific region with about 780 species.

Several genera formerly included here have been moved to the Agonoxeninae.
Nicaraguan Indigenous Organizations
Since the mid-twentieth century, indigenous organizations in Nicaragua have historically formed in response to economic, political, and cultural injustices and to create infrastructure for self-governance. They often represent their motives and goals as pan-indigenous and do not employ Marxist or Leninist ideas or language of class struggles. Although many organizations stress Miskitu ethnicity, language, and history, most major Nicaraguan indigenous organizations have generally advocated for indigenous peoples.

Mayangna people
The Mayangna (/məˈjæŋnə/ mə-YANG-nə), also known as the Ulwa, are an Indigenous people who live on the eastern coasts of Nicaragua and Honduras, an area commonly known as the Mosquito Coast. They are sometimes referred to as the Sumu (or Sumo), a derogatory name historically used by the Miskito people. Their culture is closer to that of the indigenous peoples of Costa Rica, Panama, and Colombia, than to the Mesoamerican cultures to the north. The Mayangna inhabited much of the Mosquito Coast in the 16th century. Since then, they have become more marginalized following the emergence of the Miskito as a regional power.
Los Pozos Airport
Los Pozos Airport (ICAO: SKSG) is an airport serving the city of San Gil in the Santander Department of Colombia.

The airport sits on a plateau in the eastern Colombian Andes, 1,800 feet (550 m) above San Gil, which lies in a steep cut through the plateau on the banks of the Fonce River.

Santander Department
Santander (Spanish pronunciation: [santanˈdeɾ]) is a department of Colombia. Santander inherited the name of one of the nine original states of the United States of Colombia. It is located in the central northern part of the country, borders the Magdalena River to the east, Boyacá to the south and southeast, the Norte de Santander Department to the northeast, the Cesar Department to the north, the Bolivar and Antioquia Departments to the west. Its capital is the city of Bucaramanga.
Naben Ruthnum
Naben Ruthnum is a Canadian writer, who has published work under both his own name and the pen name Nathan Ripley.

He won the Journey Prize in 2013 for his short story "Cinema Rex", and has since published the books Curry: Reading, Eating and Race (2017), a non-fiction essay collection about immigrant cultural identity in food and literature, and two literary thriller novels, Find You in the Dark and Your Life is Mine. Ruthnum's current novel, A Hero of Our Time, was published in January, 2022 and a novella, Helpmeet, was published in May, 2022.

Originally from Kelowna, British Columbia, Ruthnum is of Mauritian descent. He has a master's degree from McGill University, where he wrote his thesis on the role of Oscar Wilde in the development of the ghost story in British literature.

Ruthnum is also a former musician who was a guitarist for Bend Sinister, a Vancouver-based progressive rock band.

Ghost story
A ghost story is any piece of fiction, or drama, that includes a ghost, or simply takes as a premise the possibility of ghosts or characters' belief in them. The "ghost" may appear of its own accord or be summoned by magic. Linked to the ghost is the idea of a "haunting", where a supernatural entity is tied to a place, object or person. Ghost stories are commonly examples of ghostlore.

Colloquially, the term "ghost story" can refer to any kind of scary story. In a narrower sense, the ghost story has been developed as a short story format, within genre fiction. It is a form of supernatural fiction and specifically of weird fiction, and is often a horror story.

While ghost stories are often explicitly meant to scare, they have been written to serve all sorts of purposes, from comedy to morality tales. Ghosts often appear in the narrative as sentinels or prophets of things to come.
USS Wintle
Two ships of the United States Navy have been named Wintle.

USS Wintle (DE-25) was an Evarts-class destroyer escort built at Mare Island Navy Yard and launched in 1943 as BDE-25. She was intended for transfer to the Royal Navy but was reallocated to the US Navy, taking the name Wintle from DE-266, which went to the UK in her place.  She served in the Pacific in World War II and was decommissioned in November 1945.

USS Wintle (DE-266) was an Evarts-class destroyer escort laid down at Boston.  She was allocated to the Royal Navy in place of DE-25 (above) and was commissioned as HMS Capel in August 1943. She was torpedoed by U-486 on 26 December 1944.

Mare Island Naval Shipyard
The Mare Island Naval Shipyard (MINSY or MINS) was the first United States Navy base established on the Pacific Ocean and was in service 142 years from 1854 to 1996. It is located on the peninsula of Mare Island, which is part of the city of Vallejo, on San Pablo Bay in the San Francisco Bay Area of California, 23 miles (37 km) northeast of San Francisco. MINSY made a name for itself as the premier U.S. West Coast submarine port as well as serving as the controlling force in San Francisco Bay Area shipbuilding efforts during World War II.

The naval base was closed on 31 March 1996, with more than 7,500 civilians on its payroll, and has gone through several redevelopment phases. It was registered as a California Historical Landmark in 1960, and parts of it were declared a National Historic Landmark District in 1975.
2007 New South Wales state election campaign
An election campaign was held ahead of a general election for the 54th Parliament of New South Wales on Saturday, 24 March 2007. The result—a win for the social-democratic Labor Party and its new leader Morris Iemma—was widely perceived as a foregone conclusion, with opposition leader Peter Debnam conceding as much the week before the poll.

Though water and infrastructure emerged as key issues in the campaign, much of the parties' advertising focussed on the negatives: Debnam's business record and Labor's record in office. The media concluded that the choice facing voters was in finding the lesser of two evils: the three major newspapers sold in New South Wales endorsed Debnam, though not without criticising his ineptitude on the campaign trail.

New South Wales State Plan
The State Plan, A New Direction for NSW is a document prepared by the New South Wales Premier's Department within the Government of New South Wales and released on 14 November 2006. The plan, modelled on South Australia’s Strategic Plan (March 2004), sets priorities for the state government over a ten-year period.

According to the document, "The State Plan sets out the goals the community wants the NSW Government to work towards."

The plan puts particular focus on projects and targets in five areas:

Rights, respect and responsibility (police, justice, anti-social behaviour, citizenship and volunteering)

Delivering better services (health, education, public transport and roads)

Fairness and opportunity (social justice and Aboriginal affairs)

Growing prosperity across NSW (state and regional development)

Environment for living (environment, recreation and the arts)
Edward Petty
Edward Petty was a state legislator in South Carolina. He served in the South Carolina House of Representatives from 1872 to 1874. He lived in Charleston County, South Carolina.

He corresponded about ordinance.

He was one of the incorporators of the Toglio Ferry Company. It served areas around Charleston including Edisto Island.

Edisto Island
Edisto Island is one of South Carolina's Sea Islands, the larger part of which lies in Charleston County, with its southern tip in Colleton County. Edisto Beach is in Colleton County, and the Charleston County part of the island is unincorporated.

The island, the town, and the Edisto River are named after the historic Edistow people, a Native American sub-tribe of the Cusabo Indians, who inhabited the island as well as nearby mainland areas.
Joel Tropp
Joel Aaron Tropp (born July 1977 in Austin, Texas) is the Steele Family Professor of Applied and Computational Mathematics in the Computing and Mathematical Sciences Department at the California Institute of Technology. He is known for work on sparse approximation, numerical linear algebra, and random matrix theory.

Random matrix
In probability theory and mathematical physics, a random matrix is a matrix-valued random variable—that is, a matrix in which some or all of its entries are sampled randomly from a probability distribution. Random matrix theory (RMT) is the study of properties of random matrices, often as they become large. RMT provides techniques like mean-field theory, diagrammatic methods, the cavity method, or the replica method to compute quantities like traces, spectral densities, or scalar products between eigenvectors. Many physical phenomena, such as the spectrum of nuclei of heavy atoms, the thermal conductivity of a lattice, or the emergence of quantum chaos, can be modeled mathematically as problems concerning large, random matrices.
Veterans Memorial Stadium
Veterans Memorial Stadium is the name of several different facilities, mostly located in the United States:

Veterans Memorial Stadium (Cedar Rapids), Iowa

Veterans Memorial Stadium (Pago Pago), American Samoa

Veterans Memorial Stadium (Long Beach), California

Veterans Memorial Stadium (Quincy), Massachusetts

Veterans Memorial Stadium (La Crosse), Wisconsin

Veterans Memorial Stadium (Lawrence), Massachusetts

Veterans Memorial Stadium (Troy University), Alabama

Veterans Memorial Stadium (League City), Texas

Veterans Memorial Stadium (Erie), Pennsylvania

Veterans Memorial Stadium (Lawrence, Massachusetts)
Veterans Memorial Stadium is a 9,000 seat stadium in Lawrence, Massachusetts.  The stadium is located adjacent to the Lawrence High School. The venue opened in 1927 and was renovated in 2006. It currently serves as the home field for the Lawrence High School Lancers and the Central Catholic High School Raiders sports teams including football, soccer, lacrosse, and outdoor track and field.

The stadium is also home to the semi-pro football team Merrimack Valley Maulers of the New England Football League.

The Stadium has hosted national drum corps competition every summer since its renovation. It also hosts the New England Scholastic Band Association Finals for marching band every year.

It was considered as a possible new location for the New Hampshire Phantoms minor league soccer club of the USL Second Division; The club eventually decided to stay in New Hampshire.
Triple C Rail Trail
The Charleston, Cincinnati and Chicago or Triple C Rail Trail is a rail trail in the Piedmont region of north-central South Carolina.

The trail begins just west of Tirzah, runs west through  York, James Ross Wildlife Reservation (a South Carolina Department of Natural Resources Wildlife Management Area),  Sharon,  Hickory Grove, Smyrna, and ends near Kings Creek.

Please note, as of 4/18/15 all sections of this trail (except for the part shared by the paved York Bicycle Trail) are so overgrown as to be impassible. Also there is no signage of any kind signifying it exits at all. Use discretion. Passable sections are indicated in Google Maps as dirt bicycle trails - 7/25/16 route does get overgrown as SCDOT does not maintain the trail although owns the full right of way, which is indicated by county GIS maps.

Rail trail
A rail trail or railway walk is a shared-use path on a railway right of way. Rail trails are typically constructed after a railway has been abandoned and the track has been removed; in addition, rails with trails share the rail corridor with active railways, light rail or with disused track. As shared-use paths, rail trails are primarily for non-motorised traffic including pedestrians, bicycles, horseback riders, skaters and cross-country skiers, although snowmobiles and all-terrain vehicles may be allowed. The characteristics of abandoned railways lend themselves to rail trails and account for their popularity; these include gentle grades, well-engineered rights of way and structures (bridges and tunnels), and passage through historical areas. Many rail trails are long-distance trails, while some shorter rail trails are known as greenways or linear parks.
2023–24 Spanish stage of the UEFA Regions' Cup
The 2023–24 Spanish stage of the UEFA Regions' Cup is the 13th staging of Spanish stage of the UEFA Regions' Cup. The winners will qualify for the 2025 UEFA Regions' Cup.

This will be the first time since the 2007–08 edition, all the 19 teams will participate.

Galicia are the defending champions.

Galicia national football team
The Galicia national football team is the official football team of Galicia. It is organised by the Galician Football Federation. The team is not affiliated with FIFA or UEFA and is, therefore, only allowed to play friendly matches.
Veevers crater
Veevers crater is an impact crater located on a flat desert plain between the Great Sandy and Gibson Deserts in  the centre of the state of Western Australia.

The site is very remote and difficult to visit. The crater was discovered from the air in July 1975 during a  government geological survey and named in honour of Australian geologist John Veevers who had worked in the area in  the late 1970s. At the time of discovery a meteorite impact origin was suspected, but could not be  proven. The subsequent discovery of iron meteorite fragments around the crater by E.M.  and C.S. Shoemaker in 1987 removed any doubt about its origin.

Carolyn S. Shoemaker
Carolyn Jean Spellmann Shoemaker (June 24, 1929 – August 13, 2021) was an American astronomer and a co-discoverer of Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9. She discovered 32 comets (then a record for the most by an individual) and more than 500 asteroids.

Having earned degrees in history, political science, and English literature, she had little interest in planetary science until she met and married geologist Eugene Merle Shoemaker. Her career in astronomy began when she demonstrated good stereoscopic vision, a particularly valuable quality for looking for objects in near-Earth space. Despite the fact that her degrees were not in science, having that visual ability motivated the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) to hire her as a research assistant on a team led by her husband. She went on to making record-setting discoveries in the field of astronomy, as well as being awarded honorary degrees and many professional awards.
Attempted assassination of Pope John Paul II
On 13 May 1981, in St. Peter's Square in Vatican City, Pope John Paul II was shot and wounded by Mehmet Ali Ağca while he was entering the square. The Pope was struck twice and suffered severe blood loss. Ağca was apprehended immediately and later sentenced to life in prison by an Italian court. The Pope forgave Ağca for the assassination attempt. He was pardoned by Italian president Carlo Azeglio Ciampi at the Pope's request and was deported to Turkey in June 2000.

SISMI
Servizio per le Informazioni e la Sicurezza Militare (SISMI; English: Military Intelligence and Security Service, lit. 'Service for the Information of Military Safety') was the military intelligence agency of Italy from 1977 to 2007.

With the reform of the Italian Intelligence Services approved on 1 August 2007, SISMI was replaced by Agenzia Informazioni e Sicurezza Esterna (AISE).
Human rights in Guinea
Human rights in Guinea, a nation of approximately 10,069,000 people in West Africa, are a contentious issue. In its 2012 Freedom in the World report, Freedom House named Guinea "partly free" for the second year in a row, an improvement over its former status as one of the least free countries in Africa.

The United States Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, which produces annual human rights reports on the country, claims the most pressing human rights issues are the use of torture by security forces, and abuse of women and children through such acts as female genital mutilation.

Camp Boiro
Camp Boiro or Camp Mamadou Boiro (1960–1984) is a defunct Guinean concentration camp in the city of Conakry.
During the regime of President Ahmed Sékou Touré, thousands of political opponents were imprisoned at the camp.
It has been estimated that almost 5,000 people were executed or died from torture or starvation at the camp. According to other estimates, the number of victims was ten times higher: 50,000.
John B. Hogenesch
John B. Hogenesch (born May 29, 1967) is an American chronobiologist and Professor of Pediatrics at the Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center. The primary focus of his work has been studying the network of mammalian clock genes from the genomic and computational perspective to further the understanding of circadian behavior. He is currently the Deputy Director of the Center for Chronobiology, an Ohio Eminent Scholar, and Professor of Pediatrics in the Divisions of Perinatal Biology and Immunobiology at the Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center.

Chronobiology
Chronobiology is a field of biology that examines timing processes, including periodic (cyclic) phenomena in living organisms, such as their adaptation to solar- and lunar-related rhythms. These cycles are known as biological rhythms. Chronobiology comes from the ancient Greek χρόνος (chrónos, meaning "time"), and biology, which pertains to the study, or science, of life. The related terms chronomics and chronome have been used in some cases to describe either the molecular mechanisms involved in chronobiological phenomena or the more quantitative aspects of chronobiology, particularly where comparison of cycles between organisms is required.

Chronobiological studies include but are not limited to comparative anatomy, physiology, genetics, molecular biology and behavior of organisms related to their biological rhythms.  Other aspects include epigenetics, development, reproduction, ecology and evolution.
Superior cardiac nerve
The superior cardiac nerve arises by two or more branches from the superior cervical ganglion, and occasionally receives a filament from the trunk between the first and second cervical ganglia.  It runs down the neck behind the common carotid artery, and in front of the Longus colli muscle; and crosses in front of the inferior thyroid artery, and recurrent nerve. The course of the nerves on the two sides then differs.

Superior cervical ganglion
The superior cervical ganglion (SCG) is the upper-most and largest of the cervical sympathetic ganglia of the sympathetic trunk. It probably formed by the union of four sympathetic ganglia of the cervical spinal nerves C1–C4. It is the only ganglion of the sympathetic nervous system that innervates the head and neck. The SCG innervates numerous structures of the head and neck.
Paamiut Municipality
Paamiut Municipality was a municipality in Greenland until 31 December 2008. Its area was mostly incorporated into the new Sermersooq municipality, while a part of the ice sheet including a few nunataks was incorporated into the new Kujalleq municipality. The central town was Paamiut (Greenlandic pronunciation: [paːmiut]). Other settlements within its borders were Arsuk and Neria.

Nunatak
A nunatak (from Inuit nunataq) is the summit or ridge of a mountain that protrudes from an ice field or glacier that otherwise covers most of the mountain or ridge. They often form natural pyramidal peaks. Isolated nunataks are also called glacial islands, and smaller nunataks rounded by glacial action may be referred to as rognons.

The word is of Greenlandic origin and has been used in English since the 1870s.