hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Duketon, Western Australia
Duketon is an abandoned town in the Goldfields-Esperance region of Western Australia, located north of Leonora. The town boomed during the early 1900s as a result of gold being discovered in the area. One of the larger mines in the area, The Golden Spinifex, built a five head stamp mill in 1902-1903. A petition for the government to construct a state battery was presented to the minister for mines by the local MLA signed by 58 leaseholders, prospectors and miners from Duketon.
The battery was built in 1904 and operated near the town. By 1905 the town had a hotel, bakery, a bank branch along with a variety of other stores.

Prospecting
Prospecting is the first stage of the geological analysis (followed by exploration) of a territory. It is the search for minerals, fossils, precious metals, or mineral specimens. It is also known as fossicking.

Traditionally prospecting relied on direct observation of mineralization in rock outcrops or in sediments. Modern prospecting also includes the use of geologic, geophysical, and geochemical tools to search for anomalies which can narrow the search area. Once an anomaly has been identified and interpreted to be a potential prospect direct observation can then be focused on this area.

In some areas a prospector must also stake a claim, meaning they must erect posts with the appropriate placards on all four corners of a desired land they wish to prospect and register this claim before they may take samples. In other areas publicly held lands are open to prospecting without staking a mining claim.
Santanichthys
Santanichthys diasii is a species of extinct fish that existed around 115 million years ago during the Albian age. S. diasii is regarded as the basal-most characiform, and is the earliest known member of Otophysi. It appears as a small fish, similar in appearance to a modern-day herring little more than 30 millimeters in length. Its most striking characteristic is the presence of a Weberian apparatus, which makes it the most primitive known member of the order Characiformes, the order in which modern-day tetras (including piranhas) are classified. Santanichthys has been unearthed from numerous locations throughout Brazil, in rocks dating to the Cretaceous Period. Its presence in these strata is seen as an indicator for the biogeography and evolution of its order.

Piranha
A piranha (/pɪˈrɑːnjəˌ -ræn/, or /pɪˈrɑːnə/; Portuguese: [piˈɾɐ̃ɲɐ]) is any of a number of freshwater fish species in the subfamily Serrasalminae, of the family Serrasalmidae, in the order Characiformes. These fish inhabit South American rivers, floodplains, lakes and reservoirs. Although often described as extremely predatory and mainly feeding on fish, their dietary habits vary extensively, and they will also take plant material, leading to their classification as omnivorous.
Moruga thorsborneorum
Moruga thorsborneorum is a species of mygalomorph spider in the Barychelidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1994 by Australian arachnologist Robert Raven. The specific epithet thorsborneorum honours Australian conservationists Arthur and Margaret Thorsborne, whose activism contributed to the establishment of many nature reserves in northern Queensland.

Arachnology
Arachnology (from Ancient Greek ἀράχνη (arákhnē), meaning "spider", and λόγος (lógos), meaning "study") is the scientific study of arachnids, which comprise spiders and related invertebrates such as scorpions, pseudoscorpions, harvestmen, ticks, and mites. Those who study spiders and other arachnids are arachnologists. More narrowly, the study of spiders alone (order Araneae) is known as araneology.

The word "arachnology" from Ancient Greek ἀράχνη (arákhnē), meaning "spider", and λόγος (lógos), meaning "study". The Ancient Greek word for "spider" itself refers to Arachne, the female protagonist of an ancient tale of the Greek Mythology.
Mute Beat
Mute Beat was an influential dub reggae band from Japan.

They are often considered a precursor to acid jazz, ambient and trip hop having performed similar-sounding music before those genres emerged. The band was formed by Kazufumi Kodama, who grew up enjoying marching band music and later discovered reggae in the late 70s. In 1981 he formed Mute Beat with the aim to make dub music that would go boldly into unexplored music territories, including the use of marching band techniques. The original keyboardist Gota Yashiki left the band in the mid 80s and moved overseas to produce music for Soul II Soul and Sinéad O'Connor amongst others. Mute Beat's first release was a self-titled cassette on New York's Roir label. They collaborated with many musicians including Jagatara, Gladstone Anderson, Roland Alphonso, King Tubby, and Lee Scratch Perry.

Trip hop
Trip hop is a music genre defined as a psychedelic fusion of hip-hop and electronica with slow tempos and an atmospheric sound. The style emerged as a more experimental variant of breakbeat from the Bristol sound scene of the late 1980s and early 1990s, incorporating influences from jazz, soul, funk, dub, rap, as well as sampling from movie soundtracks and other eclectic sources.

Pioneering trip hop acts include Massive Attack, UNKLE, Tricky, and Portishead. The term was first coined in a 1994 Mixmag piece about American producer DJ Shadow. Trip hop achieved commercial success in the 1990s, and has been described as "Europe's alternative choice in the second half of the '90s".
Jardines del Bosque
The colonia of Jardines del Bosque is located in the western section of the city of Guadalajara, in  the state of Jalisco, Mexico.

The colonia was planned by the renowned Mexican Modernist architect Luis Barragán in 1955. It was on the site of the former "Santa Edwviges" woods.

Because of the deforestation of the woods, the controversial project based on the notion of a "Garden City" was not supported by Jorge Matute, then mayor of Jalisco.  It was built.

The northern and original entrance of the colonia, with a primary sculpture by Mathias Goeritz, was designed in collaboration with Luis Barragán in 1957.

Colonia (Mexico)
In Mexican urban geography, colonias (Spanish pronunciation: [koˈlonjas]) are barrios.

The name of the colonia must be specified when writing a postal address in Mexican cities. Usually colonias are assigned a specific postal code; nonetheless, in recent urban developments, gated communities are also defined as colonias and share the postal code of adjacent neighborhoods.

Colonias do not have jurisdictional autonomy or representation.
Dewerstone
50°27′18″N 4°02′35″W﻿ / ﻿50.455°N 4.043°W﻿ / 50.455; -4.043

Dewerstone is the site of an Iron Age Hill fort on a rocky promontory overlooking the River Plym on the South West edge of Dartmoor to the North of Plympton in Devon. The fort consists of ramparts to the Northern side of the promontory at approx 210 Metres above Sea Level.

"Dewer" is an ancient Celtic word for the Devil, and Dartmoor tradition has it that the Devil, riding a gigantic black horse, gallops across the Moor each night and leads a phantom pack of black hounds to chase weary or foolish humans over the Dewerstone to their deaths. Another legend has it that a shepherd actually saw the black hounds devouring an unfortunate man on his way home from the fields one night.

The area is also popular with climbers, with over 100 climbs listed.

Shepherd
A shepherd is a person who tends, herds, feeds, or guards flocks of sheep. Shepherding is one of the world's oldest occupations; it exists in many parts of the globe, and it is an important part of pastoralist animal husbandry.

Because the occupation is so widespread, many religions and cultures have symbolic or metaphorical references to shepherds. For example, Jesus called himself the Good Shepherd, and ancient Greek mythologies highlighted shepherds such as Endymion and Daphnis. This symbolism and shepherds as characters are at the center of pastoral literature and art.
Dennis J. Hutchinson
Dennis J. Hutchinson (born December 1946) is an American legal scholar. After beginning his teaching career at the Georgetown University Law Center, Hutchinson joined the University of Chicago Law School in 1981. Currently, he is the William Rainey Harper Professor at the University of Chicago, a senior lecturer in law, and master of the undergraduate college's New Collegiate Division where he is the founding director of the Law, Letters, and Society (LLSO) program. His interests primarily lie in the field constitutional law, paying special attention to issues of race. He is best known within the legal community at large for his work as editor of the Law School's Supreme Court Review.

Georgetown University Law Center
Georgetown University Law Center is the law school of Georgetown University, a private research university in Washington, D.C., United States. It was established in 1870 and is the largest law school in the United States by enrollment, with over 2,000 students. It frequently receives the most full-time applications of any law school in the United States. Georgetown is considered part of the T14, an unofficial designation in the legal community of the best 14 law schools in the United States.

The school's campus is less than a mile from the U.S. Capitol Building and U.S. Supreme Court. Prominent alumni include 11 current members of the United States Congress, federal and state judges, billionaires, and diplomats.
1952 Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré
The 1952 Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré was the sixth edition of the cycle race and was held from 1 June to 8 June 1952. The race started and finished in Grenoble. The race was won by Jean Dotto of the France Sport team.

Jean Dotto
Jean-Baptiste Dotto (27 March 1928, in St-Nazaire – 20 February 2000, in Ollioules, France) was the first French racing cyclist to win the Vuelta a España. He rode the Tour de France 13 times, coming fourth in 1954.

Jean Dotto was born with Italian nationality. He became French in 1937. Dotto was a good climber. He became an independent, or semi-professional, in 1948 and won a race up Mont Ventoux that year and won Marseille-Toulon-Marseille and the climb of La Turbie, near Nice in 1950. He turned professional in 1951 for France-Sport-Dunlop and won five races, including three hill climbs, in his first season. He rode until 1963, winning 35 races, including the Dauphiné-Libéré twice. He won stage 19 of the 1954 Tour de France and next year won the Vuelta by beating Julio Jiménez of Spain and Raphaël Géminiani of France.

Of his era, he said: "We took amphetamine but not all the year. That allowed us to win and it wasn't very dangerous."
Nadia Owusu
Nadia Adjoa Owusu (born February 23, 1981) is an American writer and memoirist. She won a 2019 Whiting Award for her memoir Aftershocks.

She graduated from Pace University, Hunter College, and Mountainview College.

In December 2017, her essay So Devilish a Fire was one of three TAR Chapbook Winners by The Atlas Review (TAR), a literary magazine that judged submissions anonymously. The essay was published as a chapbook by TAR in 2017.

Binghamton University
The State University of New York at Binghamton (also known as Binghamton University or SUNY Binghamton) is a public research university in Greater Binghamton, New York, United States. It is one of the four university centers in the State University of New York (SUNY) system.

Since its establishment in 1946, the school has evolved from a small liberal arts college to a large research university. It is classified among R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity. Binghamton's athletic teams are the Bearcats and they compete in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The Bearcats are members of the America East Conference.
Constantin Petrescu
Constantin Petrescu (born 8 January 1951) is a retired Romanian gymnast, and professional gymnastics coach. He competed in eight events at the 1972 Summer Olympics. He is a well known figure in the international gymnastics community as an accomplished coach at the collegiate, national, and international levels. He has lived in the United States since 1988, when he defected from then-communist Socialist Republic of Romania before the Romanian Revolution in December of the subsequent year.

USA Gymnastics National Championships
The USA Gymnastics National Championships is the annual artistic gymnastics national competition held in the United States for elite-level competition. It is currently organized by USA Gymnastics, the governing body for gymnastics in the United States. The national championships have been held since 1963.
2025 KML Playoffs
The 2025 KML Playoffs is the postseason tournament held to determine the 2024–25 champions of the Korvpalli Meistriliiga (KML). The playoffs began on 14 April 2025 and ended on 31 May with BC Kalev/Cramo defeating Tartu Ülikool Maks & Moorits in the finals.

Eastern European Summer Time
Eastern European Summer Time (EEST) is one of the names of the UTC+03:00 time zone, which is 3 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. It is used as a summer daylight saving time in some European and Middle Eastern countries, which makes it the same as Arabia Standard Time, East Africa Time, and Moscow Time. During the winter periods, Eastern European Time (UTC+02:00) is used.

Since 1996, European Summer Time has been applied from the last Sunday in March to the last Sunday in October. Previously, the rules were not uniform across the European Union.
Flora (Jan Massys)
Flora is an oil on wood painting completed in 1559 by the Flemish painter Jan Massys, which is now in the collection of the Hamburger Kunsthalle.

The work depicts Flora, the Roman goddess of flowers and prosperity, sitting contentedly in a garden holding up a small bunch of red and white carnations, representing love and good fortune. They are positioned in the composition to hover above a landscape of the distant port of Antwerp on the River Scheldt. The sense of contented harmony is an allegory of the peace and prosperity of the city, to which Flora appears to be adding her own blessing.

Massys had a reputation as a painter of the female nude, which he painted in a style reminiscent of the school of Fontainebleau, with which he had been associated. The view of Antwerp may have been executed by Jan's brother Cornelis, a landscape specialist.

Jan Matsys
Jan Matsys or Jan Massijs (c.1510 – 8 October 1575) was a Flemish Renaissance painter known for his history paintings, genre scenes and landscapes.  He also gained a reputation as a painter of the female nude, which he painted with a sensuality reminiscent of the school of Fontainebleau.
Caoilinn Springall
Caoilinn Springall (born 2013) is an Irish child actress. Her films include The Midnight Sky (2020) and The Beast Within (2024). On television, she is known for her role in the Amazon Prime series Citadel (2023).

Amazon Prime
Amazon Prime (styled as prime) is a paid subscription service of Amazon which is available in many countries and gives users access to additional services otherwise unavailable or available at a premium to other Amazon customers. Founded on February 2, 2005, services include logistics through same, one- or two-day delivery of goods, healthcare through the optional perk of One Medical primary care services, entertainment through streaming music, video, e-books, gaming, and grocery shopping services. In April 2021, Amazon reported that Prime had 200 million subscribers worldwide.
BackStoppers
The BackStoppers, Inc. Police Officers' and Firefighters' Fund is a federal tax exempt 501(c)(3) non-profit organization.  Founded in 1959, the BackStoppers provides ongoing needed financial assistance and support to the spouses and dependent children of all police officers, firefighters and volunteer firefighters, and publicly funded paramedics and EMTs who have lost their lives in the line of duty in 18 counties in Missouri and Illinois. The BackStoppers also provides assistance to first responders who suffer a catastrophic injury performing their duty.

Emergency medical technician
An emergency medical technician (EMT) is a medical professional that provides emergency medical services. EMTs are most commonly found serving on ambulances and in fire departments in the US and Canada, as full-time and some part-time departments require their firefighters to at least be EMT certified.

EMTs are often employed by public ambulance services, municipal EMS agencies, governments, hospitals, and fire departments. Some EMTs are paid employees, while others (particularly those in rural areas) are volunteers. EMTs provide medical care under a set of protocols, which are typically written by a physician.

EMTs often work alongside other EMS professionals such as paramedics, who receive additional training and are granted a greater scope of practice.
Pervalka Lighthouse
Pervalka Lighthouse (Lithuanian: Pervalkos švyturys) - a lighthouse located in Pervalka on the Curonian Spit, located in between the Curonian Lagoon (to the east) and the Baltic Sea (to the west); located in Lithuania.

The lighthouse operates automatically - by flashing in a white glare. The lighthouse's base is built on stone; with the lighthouse's cylindrical shape made out of sheet metal - with the current lighthouse built in 1900.

Curonian Lagoon
The Curonian Lagoon  (or Bay, Gulf; Lithuanian: Kuršių marios, German: Kurisches Haff, Prussian: Kursjanmari, Russian: Куршский залив) is a freshwater lagoon separated from the Baltic Sea by the Curonian Spit. Its surface area is 1,619 square kilometers (625 sq mi). The Neman River (Lithuanian: Nemunas) supplies about 90% of its inflows; its watershed consists of about 100,450 square kilometres in Lithuania and Russia's Kaliningrad Oblast.
Eric Lu
Eric Lu (born December 15, 1997) is an American classical pianist. The winner of the 2025 XIX International Chopin Piano Competition in Warsaw and the 2018 Leeds International Piano Competition, he has performed with many of the world's major orchestras, including the London Symphony Orchestra, Chicago Symphony Orchestra, Boston Symphony Orchestra, Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, Los Angeles Philharmonic, Royal Stockholm Philharmonic Orchestra, Oslo Philharmonic, and toured with the Orchestre national de Lille.

Lu records for Warner Classics under an exclusive contract, and has released critically acclaimed recordings of Beethoven, Brahms, Chopin, Schubert, and Schumann on the label. Since winning the 19th International Chopin Piano Competition, he is set to release a live album of highlights from his winning performances on Deutsche Grammophon.

Royal Stockholm Philharmonic Orchestra
The Royal Stockholm Philharmonic Orchestra (Swedish: Kungliga Filharmonikerna or Kungliga Filharmoniska Orkestern, literal translations, "Royal Philharmonic" or "Royal Philharmonic Orchestra") is a Swedish orchestra based in Stockholm.  Its principal venue is the Konserthuset.
Erymanthos (river)
The Erymanthos (Greek: Ερύμανθος, Latin: Erymanthus) is a river in the western part of the Peloponnese in Greece. Its source is on the southern slope of Mount Erymanthos, near the village of Agrampela, Achaea. It flows towards the south through a rocky landscape and receives several small tributaries. The river flows into an area rich in pine trees and passes several small mountain villages including Tripotama. Beyond Tripotama it forms the border between Elis and Arcadia. It flows east of the Foloi oak forest. The river empties into the Alfeios 5 km west of the Ladon) confluence, near the village Tripotamia.

Foloi oak forest
37°45′N 21°45′E﻿ / ﻿37.750°N 21.750°E﻿ / 37.750; 21.750

The Folóï oak forest (Greek: Δρυοδάσος Φολόης) is an oak forest in southwestern Greece. It is located in the municipal unit of Foloi, Olympia, Elis, in the western part of the Peloponnese peninsula. The Folóï oak forest is situated at an altitude of 688m, on the plateau of the Folóï mountain. It is an ecosystem unique in the Balkan peninsula and consists of a territory of 9,900 acres (40 km2), which is almost entirely covered by deciduous oaks that form a dense forest area.
Peterborough West (provincial electoral district)
Peterborough West was an electoral riding in Ontario, Canada. It was created in 1867 at the time of confederation and was abolished in 1926. In 1926, Peterborough West and Peterborough East were redistributed into two ridings Peterborough City and Peterborough County. This lasted until 1934 when both ridings were merged into one riding called Peterborough.

Peterborough—Kawartha (provincial electoral district)
Peterborough—Kawartha (formerly Peterborough) is a provincial electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that has been represented in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario since 1934.

It now consists of the City of Peterborough and the municipalities of Douro-Dummer, Trent Lakes, Havelock-Belmont-Methuen, North Kawartha and Selwyn plus the Curve Lake First Nation. Before 2018, it consisted of the County of Peterborough, excluding the townships of North Kawartha, Galway-Cavendish and Harvey and Cavan-Millbrook-North Monaghan.

The riding is considered a bellwether riding as it has voted for the party that has won the most seats in every election since 1977.

As part of the 2015 electoral redistribution, the district was renamed Peterborough—Kawartha. It lost the Townships of Otonabee-South Monaghan, Asphodel-Norwood, and the Hiawatha First Nation, while subsequently gaining the townships of Trent Lakes and North Kawartha. The 2018 election is the first with the new boundaries.
Sizwe Sithole
Clayton Sizwe Sithole (1969 - 29 January 1990) was a South African anti-apartheid political activist and member of the  Mandela United Football Club (MUFC), a controversial militant vigilante unit closely associated with Winnie Madikizela-Mandela and  Jerry Richardson in the late 1980s in Soweto. Sithole was implicated in the killing of a fellow MUFC member and mysteriously died in police custody following a judicial inquiry into his actions.

Police said they found him hanging by a belt and shoelaces fastened to a shower water pipe.

Soweto
Soweto (/səˈwɛtoʊ, -ˈweɪt-, -ˈwiːt-/) is a township of the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality in Gauteng, South Africa, bordering the city's mining belt in the south. Its name is an English syllabic abbreviation for South Western Townships. Formerly a separate municipality, it is now incorporated in the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality since 2002 and is one of the suburbs of Johannesburg.
László Cseri
László Cseri (also known as Cerva, 6 June 1912 – 29 December 1998) was a Hungarian field hockey player who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics.

He was born and died in Budapest.

In 1936 he was a member of the Hungarian team which was eliminated in the group stage of the Olympic tournament. He played all three matches as forward and scored one goal.

Field hockey at the 1936 Summer Olympics
The field hockey tournament at the 1936 Summer Olympics was the fifth edition of the field hockey event at the Summer Olympics.

All games took place either in the Hockey Stadion or on the Hockey Stadion Field No.2. Both of the field hockey grounds were near the Olympic Stadium located on the Reichssportfeld. The competition was held from 4 August 1936 to 15 August 1936. The field hockey matches saw a total attendance of 184,103 and 157,531 tickets were sold. The Indian team scored 38 goals, but only 1 goal was scored against them. British India were the Gold medalists.

Only a men's competition occurred that year.