hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Emma Brownlie
Emma Brownlie (born 4 September 1993) is a Scottish footballer who plays as a defender for Glasgow City in the Scottish Women's Premier League. She has represented Scotland on the Scotland under-19 national team.

She has previously played for Heart of Midlothian, Rangers, Everton, Hibernian and Celtic.

Hibernian W.F.C.
Hibernian Football Club Women is a women's football team based in Edinburgh that plays in the Scottish Women's Premier League, the top division of football in Scotland. They were officially integrated as a department of Hibernian F.C. in 2022, having previously been linked less formally via their community foundation, using the club's training facilities and colours.

Hibs Women have won the Scottish Women's Premier League Cup a competition-record seven times, as well as lifting the Scottish Women's Cup eight times. The club has competed in the UEFA Women's Cup and UEFA Women's Champions League.

The club are current holders of the Scottish Women's Premier League following their 2024–25 season success.
Faronics
Faronics Corporation is a privately held software company with offices in: Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Pleasanton, California, United States; Singapore; and Bracknell, United Kingdom. Faronics develops computer software for multi-user IT environments.

Faronics products are predominantly used in educational institutions, libraries, healthcare facilities, and government agencies.

Apple Remote Desktop
Apple Remote Desktop (ARD) is a Macintosh application produced by Apple Inc., first released on March 14, 2002, that replaced a similar product called Apple Network Assistant. Aimed at computer administrators responsible for large numbers of computers and teachers who need to assist individuals or perform group demonstrations, Apple Remote Desktop allows users to remotely control or monitor other computers over a network. Mac Pro (2019), Mac mini (M1, 2020) with a 10Gb Ethernet card, and Mac Studio (2022) have Lights Out Management function and are able to power-on by Apple Remote Desktop.
Yakima School District
Yakima School District No. 7 is a public school district in Yakima County, Washington, USA and serves the city of Yakima.

As of May 2016, the district had an enrollment of 15,999 students. The student body was over three-quarters Latino in 2016. Four Latinos have been elected to the Yakima School Board since 1999.

Yakima County, Washington
Yakima County is a county in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, its population was 256,728. The county seat and most populous city is Yakima. The county was formed out of Ferguson County in January 1865 and is named for the Yakama tribe of Native Americans.

Yakima County comprises the Yakima, WA Metropolitan Statistical Area and is Washington state's most populous majority-Hispanic county as of 2020.
Kelsi Singer
Kelsi N. Singer (born 1984) is an American planetary scientist who is a principal research scientist at the Southwest Research Institute (SwRI)  in Boulder, CO. She is Deputy Principal Investigator of NASA's New Horizons mission studying the geomorphology and geophysics of the Pluto system and of 486958 Arrokoth (2014 MU69).

Southwest Research Institute
Southwest Research Institute (SwRI), headquartered in San Antonio, Texas, is an independent and nonprofit applied research and development (R&D) organization. Founded in 1947 by oil businessman Tom Slick, it provides contract research and development services to government and industrial clients.
Fortress of Islam, Heart of Asia
"Fortress of Islam, Heart of Asia" (Dari: قلعه اسلام قلب اسیا) is an Afghan mujahideen battle song composed in 1919 by Ustad Qasim. It was adopted as the national anthem of the Islamic State of Afghanistan from 1992 to 2006.

Islamic State of Afghanistan
The Islamic State of Afghanistan (Dari: دولت اسلامی افغانستان, Dawlat-i Islāmī-yi Afġānistān, Pashto: دا افغانستان اسلامی دولت, Da Afghanistan Islami Dowlat) was an Islamic state that was established in April 1992 under the Peshawar Accord. Its power was limited due to the country's second civil war, which was won by the Taliban, who seized Kabul in September 1996. The Islamic state then transitioned to a government-in-exile and led the anti-Taliban Northern Alliance. It remained the internationally recognized government of Afghanistan at the United Nations until 2001, when the Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan was created and an Afghan Interim Administration took control of Afghanistan with US and NATO assistance following the overthrow of the first Taliban government. The Transitional Islamic State was subsequently transformed into the Islamic Republic, which existed until the Taliban seized power again in 2021 following a prolonged insurgency.
Nadjari
Nadjari is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Marcel Nadjari (1917–1971), Jewish-Greek Auschwitz concentration camp survivor

Orral Nadjari (fl. 2019–2023), Swedish investment banker

Raphaël Nadjari (born 1971), French-Israeli writer, and film and television director

Marcel Nadjari
Marcel Nadjari   (or Nadjary, Nadjar, Nadzari, Greek: Εμμανουήλ Μαρσέλ Νατζαρή Νατζαρής, Nazarene) (January 1, 1917 – July 31, 1971) was a Jewish-Greek survivor of the Auschwitz concentration camp. Nadjari was a member of the Sonderkommando in Birkenau from May 1944 to November 1944. He is one of three members of the Sonderkommando that wrote his memoirs after the war, along with Filip Müller and Leon Cohen. He took part in the preparation of the Sonderkommando uprising. He authored one of the 19 manuscripts of Sonderkommando members found near the ruins of the Birkenau crematoria.
Arch of Marcus Aurelius (Rome)
The Arch of Marcus Aurelius (Latin: Arcus Marci Aurelii) was a Roman triumphal arch in Rome, probably in the region of the Campus Martius, near the modern Piazza Colonna and the Column of Marcus Aurelius.

Piazza Colonna
Piazza Colonna is a piazza at the center of the Rione of Colonna in the historic heart of Rome, Italy. It is named for the marble Column of Marcus Aurelius, which has stood there since AD 193. The bronze statue of Saint Paul that crowns the column was placed in 1589, by order of Pope Sixtus V. The Roman Via Lata (now the Via del Corso) runs through the piazza's eastern end, from south to north.
Skórcz-Kranek
Skórcz-Kranek [ˈskurt͡ʂ ˈkranɛk] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Skórcz, within Starogard County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is located in the ethnocultural region of Kociewie in the historic region of Pomerania.

Kociewie
Kociewie is an ethnocultural region in the eastern part of Tuchola Forest, in northern Poland, Pomerania, that is inhabited by the Kociewians. Its cultural capital is Starogard Gdański, the biggest town is Tczew, while other major towns include Świecie, and Pelplin. The region has about 250,000 inhabitants. It has well-developed industry and agriculture. Administratively, it is divided between the Pomeranian and Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeships.

Kociewie is bordered by the Chełmno Land in the south, Powiśle in the east, Kashubia and Żuławy Wiślane in the north, and other parts of historic Pomerania in the west.
Alberto Lysy
Alberto Lysy (February 11, 1935 – December 30, 2009) was a prestigious Argentine violinist and conductor of Ukrainian ancestry.

The violin gifted to him was a very old Stradivarius.  Among his friends were Charlie Chaplin and family whose Swiss home M. Lysy visited for extended stays.

Gstaad
Gstaad (/ɡəˈʃtɑːd, ɡəˈstɑːd/ gə-S(H)TAHD, German: [kʃtaːt]) is a town in the German-speaking section of the Canton of Bern in southwestern Switzerland. It is part of the municipality of Saanen and is known as a major ski resort and a popular destination amongst high society and the international jet set. The winter campus of the Institut Le Rosey is located in Gstaad. Gstaad has a population of about 9,200 and is located 1,050 metres (3,445 feet) above sea level.
Rakhil Eidelson
Rakhil Solomonovna Eidelson (born 14 November 1958) is a Belarusian chess Woman Grandmaster.

She won the Belarusian Women's Chess Championship ten times (1980, 1985, 1987, 1989, 1993, 1995, 1997, 1998, 2003, and 2004). She played for Belarus in the Women's Chess Olympiad in 1994, 1998, 2000, and 2004. She is Belarus' oldest female grandmaster and she still participates actively in chess tournaments in Russia and Belarus.

Chess Olympiad
The Chess Olympiad is a biennial chess tournament in which teams representing nations of the world compete. FIDE organises the tournament and selects the host nation. Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, FIDE held an Online Chess Olympiad in 2020 and 2021, with a rapid time control that affected players' online ratings.
Maksim Mager
Maksim Petrovich Mager (Russian: Максим Петрович Магер; 1897 – 16 October 1941) was a Soviet komkor. He was born in what is now Belarus. He fought in the Soviet Red Army during the Russian Civil War. He was a recipient of the Order of Lenin (February 22, 1938) and the Order of the Red Banner.

During the Great Purge, Mager was arrested on September 10, 1938, and released on 9 February 1940. He was later re-arrested on 28 April 1941. As part of the Purge of the Red Army in 1941, he was sentenced to death by the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union and executed during the Battle of Moscow.

1941 Red Army Purge
Between October 1940 and February 1942, in spite of the Axis attack on the Soviet Union from June 1941, the Red Army, in particular the Soviet Air Force, as well as Soviet military-related industries were subjected to purges by Joseph Stalin.
Viktor Blažič
Viktor Blažič (19 July 1928 – 25 June 2014) was a Slovenian journalist, essayist, translator and former anti-Communist dissident.

He was born in the village of Smolenja Vas near Novo Mesto in south-eastern Slovenia, then part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. In 1944, he joined the partisan resistance. After World War II, he became a journalist. In the early 1960s, he was member of the editorial board of the alternative journal Perspektive. In the early 1970s, he was one of the founders of the environmentalist movement in Slovenia.

Dissident
A dissident is a person who actively challenges an established political or religious system, doctrine, belief, policy, or institution. In a religious context, the word has been used since the 18th century, and in the political sense since the 20th century, coinciding with the rise of authoritarian governments in countries such as Fascist Italy, Nazi Germany, Imperial Japan, Francoist Spain, the Soviet Union (and later Russia), North Korea, China, Turkmenistan and the Middle East. In the Western world, there are historical examples of people who have been considered and have considered themselves dissidents, such as the Dutch philosopher Baruch Spinoza. In totalitarian countries, dissidents are often incarcerated or executed without explicit political accusations, or due to infringements of the very same laws they are opposing, or because they are supporting civil liberties such as freedom of speech.
The Prison in Twelve Landscapes
The Prison in Twelve Landscapes is a Canadian documentary film, directed by Brett Story and released in 2016. The film explores the social impact of the prison–industrial complex in the United States through twelve vignettes, each consisting of different settings that portray how the system has affected them. Ranging from incarcerated women fighting wildfires, to strategically placed pocket parks, to the civil unrest in Detroit in 1967, the film demonstrates the vast impact the mass incarceration dilemma in the United States has had across the country.

The film premiered at the True/False Film Festival in March 2016, and had its Canadian premiere at the Hot Docs Canadian International Documentary Festival in May.

Hot Docs Canadian International Documentary Festival
The Hot Docs Canadian International Documentary Festival is the largest documentary festival in North America. The event takes place annually in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The 27th edition of the festival took place online throughout May and June 2020. In addition to the annual festival, Hot Docs owns and operates the Hot Docs Ted Rogers Cinema, administers multiple production funds, and runs year-round screening programs including Doc Soup and Hot Docs Showcase.
Cinder Cone (British Columbia)
Cinder Cone is a cinder cone with a small crater on the west side of the Helm Glacier in Garibaldi Provincial Park in British Columbia, Canada. Cinder Cone is surrounded by cinder flats and its crater is filled with meltwater during the summer. Cinder Cone is eroded easily by meltwater during the spring, washing the pyroclastics into the Valley of Desolation. Cinder Cone produced a 9 km (6 mi) long lava flow during the early Holocene.

Meltwater
Meltwater (or melt water) is water released by the melting of snow or ice, including glacial ice, tabular icebergs and ice shelves over oceans. Meltwater is often found during early spring when snow packs and frozen rivers melt with rising temperatures, and in the ablation zone of glaciers where the rate of snow cover is reducing. Meltwater can be produced during volcanic eruptions, in a similar way in which the more dangerous lahars form. It can also be produced by the heat generated by the flow itself.

When meltwater pools on the surface rather than flowing, it forms melt ponds. As the weather gets colder, meltwater will often re-freeze. Meltwater can also collect or melt under the ice's surface. These pools of water, known as subglacial lakes, can form due to geothermal heat and friction. Melt ponds may also form above and below Arctic sea ice, decreasing its albedo and causing the formation of thin underwater ice layers or false bottoms.
Boscobel (Nebraska City, Nebraska)
Boscobel is a historic two-story house in Nebraska City, Nebraska. It was built in 1879 for Rollin M. Rolfe, a grocer, banker and co-founder of the Midland Pacific Railway who served on Nebraska City's city council as a Republican in 1873. The house was designed in the Italianate style, with "paneled and bracketed cornice" and "stone quoins." Rolfe moved out of the house in 1886. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since June 17, 1976.

It was deemed a "fine example" of Italianate style in Nebraska, though like other surviving examples it is modest in its implementation of the style, forgoing extra flourishes.

The name "Boscobel", as applied apparently first to the 1632-built Boscobel House in England, associated with the escape of King Charles II after being defeated by Cromwell at the  Battle of Worcester, was believed to derive from the Italian phrase bosco bello meaning "in the midst of fair woods".

Quoin
Quoins (/kɔɪn/ or /kwɔɪn/) are masonry blocks at the corner of a wall. Some are structural, providing strength for a wall made with inferior stone or rubble, while others merely add aesthetic detail to a corner. According to one 19th-century encyclopedia, these imply strength, permanence, and expense, all reinforcing the onlooker's sense of a structure's presence.

Stone quoins are used on stone or brick buildings. Brick quoins may appear on brick buildings, extending from the facing brickwork in such a way as to give the appearance of generally uniformly cut ashlar blocks of stone larger than the bricks. Where quoins are decorative and non-load-bearing a wider variety of materials is used, including timber, stucco, or other cement render.
Kenji Tsuruta
Kenji Tsuruta (鶴田 謙二, Tsuruta Kenji, born May 9, 1961 in Hamamatsu, Shizuoka Prefecture) is a Japanese manga artist. Among his most famous works is the science fiction series Spirit of Wonder, which has been adapted into an anime series and brought him much acclaim.

Hamamatsu
Hamamatsu (浜松市, Hamamatsu-shi) is a city located in western Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. In September 2023, the city had an estimated population of 780,128 in 340,591 households, making it the prefecture's largest city, with a population density of 500/km2 (1,300/sq mi) over the total urban area of 1,558.06 km2 (601.57 sq mi). The city ranked first in the happiness index of Japan's government-designated cities, published by the Japan Research Institute, in both 2018 and 2022.
Blairstown Airport
Blairstown Airport (FAA LID: 1N7) is a public-use airport located two nautical miles (3.7 km) southwest of the central business district of Blairstown, Warren County, New Jersey, United States. It is privately owned by J.D. Air Inc. Blairstown is located in the Lehigh Valley, 5 miles (8.0 km) from the Delaware Water Gap and 65 miles (105 km) from New York City. The southeastern edge of the airport property sits upon the path of the former Lackawanna Cut-Off railway line.

Delaware Water Gap
The Delaware Water Gap is a water gap on the border of the U.S. states of New Jersey and Pennsylvania where the Delaware River cuts through a large ridge of the Appalachian Mountains.

The gap makes up the southern portion of the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area, which is used primarily for recreational purposes, such as canoeing, fishing, hiking, and rock climbing. Though the US National Park Service manages the National Recreation Area, portions of the water gap are also patrolled by New Jersey Division of Parks and Forestry.

The park does not charge an entrance fee but does have expanded amenity fees, including vehicle season and daily passes, bicycles amenity fees, and charges for beach use. Most of the park is open 24-hours a day, with most day-use areas within the park open sunrise to sunset (such as trailhead parking lots, Millbrook Village, and all picnic areas).
José Antonio Haghenbeck
José Antonio del Sagrado Corazón Haghenbeck Cámara (born 7 June 1955) is a Mexican surgeon, physician and politician affiliated with the National Action Party (PAN).

Haghenbeck Cámara was born in Tehuacán, Puebla, in 1955. 
He served as a federal deputy in 1999–2000 during the 57th Congress, representing Hidalgo's 4th district as Francisco Xavier Berganza's alternate.
In 2000–2006 he served as a senator for the state of Hidalgo in the 58th and 59th Congresses.

He ran for governor of Hidalgo on the PAN ticket in the 2005 election but lost to Miguel Ángel Osorio Chong.

Miguel Ángel Osorio Chong
Miguel Ángel Osorio Chong (Spanish pronunciation: [miɣeˈlaŋxel oˈsoɾjo tʃoŋɡ]; 5 August 1964) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). He served as the Secretary of the Interior in the cabinet of Enrique Peña Nieto from 2012 to 2018 and was also Governor of Hidalgo from 2005 to 2011.
Jeen van den Berg
Jeen van den Berg (8 January 1928 – 8 October 2014) was a Dutch long track speed skating athlete primarily known as the winner of the Elfstedentocht of 1954. He competed in the race a record seven times, with his first race being in 1947 and his final one in 1997.

On 3 February 1954, van den Berg finished the race in a record 7 hours and 35 minutes, a record finally bettered by Evert van Benthem 31 years later. He came third in the infamous 1963 race.

In 1973 he became the first Dutch marathon skate champion.

Long-track speed skating
Long-track speed skating, usually simply referred to as speed skating, is the Olympic discipline of speed skating where competitors are timed while crossing a set distance. It is also a sport for leisure. Sports such as ice skating marathon, short-track speedskating, inline speedskating, and quad speed skating are also called speed skating.

Long-track speed skating enjoys large popularity in the Netherlands and has also had champion athletes from Austria, Canada, China, Finland, Germany, Japan, Italy, Norway, Poland, South Korea, Russia, Sweden, the Czech Republic and the United States. Speed skaters attain maximum speeds of 60 km/h (37 mph).
Gertrud Seidmann
Gertrud Seidmann, FSA, FRSA (16 September 1919 – 15 February 2013) was an Austrian-British linguist and jewellery historian, specialising in engraved gems.

Her first career was as a linguist, teaching German and applied linguistics at Battersea County School, the University of Oxford, and the University of Southampton: she was awarded the Goethe Medal in 1968. She formally retired in 1979 and dedicated herself to researching jewellery and engraved gems, becoming a research associate of the Institute of Archaeology and of Oxford's Beazley Archive.

In 2004, Seidmann matriculated into Wolfson College, Oxford to study for a Master of Letters (MLitt) research degree. She thereby became the University of Oxford's oldest ever student. She went on to undertake research towards a doctorate in the School of Archaeology. In 2011, due to ill health and at the age of 91, she ended her studies and was awarded a Certificate of Graduate Attainment by the university.

School of Archaeology, University of Oxford
The School of Archaeology is an academic department at the Social Sciences Division at the University of Oxford in Oxford, England, United Kingdom.

It comprises the Institute of Archaeology and the Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art (RLAHA). The school was created in 2000 when the two existing departments were combined under this umbrella. Both sub-departments retain separate directors, who report to the head of the School of Archaeology, who is replaced every three years.

By custom, the head alternates between an academics based in each of the sub-departments. The current head of school is Amy Bogaard. While Bogaard was due to be replaced in 2022, her term was extended by a year due to COVID-19.
Penitence of Origen
The Penitence of Origen is a text in the New Testament apocrypha, thought to have been falsely attributed to Origen of Alexandria. Not to be confused with Origen's text Selecta in Threnos (also named Origen on Lamentations), it is a Lamentation purporting to have been cried by Origen himself.

Jodocus Coccius quotes from it (mistakenly attributing it to Selecta in Threnos):

I will begin to throw myself upon my knees, and pray to all the saints to come to my aid; for I do not dare, in consequence of my excess of wickedness, to call upon God. O Saints of God, you I pray with weeping full of grief, that ye would propitiate his mercies for me miserable. Alas me! Father Abraham, pray for me, that I be not driven from thy bosom, which I greatly long for, and yet not worthily, because of the greatness of my sins

The text has an affinity with the prayer used before communion, sometimes known as the Mea Culpa.

The work was declared apocryphal and rejected in the Decretum Gelasianum.

Mea culpa
Mea culpa (/ˌmeɪ.əˈkʊl.pə/) is a phrase of Latin origin that means my fault or my mistake, and is an acknowledgment of having done wrong. The expression is also used as an admission of having made a mistake that should have been avoided and, in a religious context, may be accompanied by symbolically beating the breast when uttering the words.

The phrase comes from a Western Christian prayer of confession of sinfulness, known as the Confiteor, used in the Roman Rite at the beginning of Mass or when receiving the sacrament of Penance. Grammatically, meā culpā is in the ablative case, with an instrumental meaning.
1956 USSR Chess Championship
The 1956 Soviet Chess Championship was the 23rd edition of the USSR Chess Championship, held from 10 January to 15 February 1956 in Leningrad. The tournament was won by Mark Taimanov, who defeated Boris Spassky and Yuri Averbakh in a play-off. The finals were preceded by semifinal events in Leningrad, Moscow and Riga. This edition marked the debut of future world champion Mikhail Tal, often described as "the Magician from Riga". Tal demonstrated his adventurous tactical style, notably in the third round against Vladimir Simagin, who lost a game to Tal and later wondered about the soundness of the piece sacrifice that had defeated him.

Yuri Averbakh
Yuri Lvovich Averbakh (Russian: Ю́рий Льво́вич Аверба́х; 8 February 1922 – 7 May 2022) was a Russian chess grandmaster and author. He was chairman of the USSR Chess Federation from 1973 to 1978. Averbakh was the first centenarian FIDE Grandmaster. Despite his eyesight and hearing having worsened, by his 100th birthday he continued to devote time to chess-related activities.