hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Birger Asplund
Karl Birger Asplund (21 July 1929 – 1 July 2023) was a Swedish hammer thrower.  He represented his native country at the 1956, 1960, and 1964 Olympics with the best result of 21st place in 1964. At the 1958 European Athletics Championships he placed sixth, setting a national record.

Asplund won 15 consecutive national titles in 1954–68 and became the Nordic champion in 1961 and 1963. Before 1964 he improved the national record 17 times. In 1970 Asplund set the Masters M40 World Record at 64.70 m. It was broken almost two years later by Hal Connolly, the 1956 Olympic champion. Asplund's record was more than a metre and a half further than Connolly threw in the Olympics.

Asplund died in Ås on 1 July 2023, at the age of 93.

Hammer throw
The hammer throw (Abbreviated as HT) is one of the four throwing events in regular outdoor track-and-field competitions, along with the discus throw, shot put and javelin.

The hammer used in this sport is not like any of the tools also called by that name. It consists of a metal ball attached by a steel wire to a grip. These three components are each separate and can move independently. Both the size and weight of the ball vary between men's and women's events. The men's hammer weighs 7.26 kilograms (16 lb) for college and professional meets; the women's hammer weighs 4 kilograms (8.8 lb).
Amending the Height of Buildings Act of 1910
Pub. L. 113–103 (text) (PDF) (H.R. 4192), officially titled To amend the Act entitled An Act to regulate the height of buildings in the District of Columbia to clarify the rules of the District of Columbia regarding human occupancy of penthouses above the top story of the building upon which the penthouse is placed, is a United States Public Law that amends the Height of Buildings Act of 1910 in order to allow some penthouses to be built on the tops of buildings in District of Columbia.

Congressional Budget Office
The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) is a federal agency within the legislative branch of the United States government that provides budget and economic information to Congress. It is headquartered at the Ford House Office Building in Washington, DC. Inspired by California's Legislative Analyst's Office that manages the state budget in a strictly nonpartisan fashion, the CBO was created as a nonpartisan agency by the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974.

Whereas politicians on both sides of the aisle have criticized the CBO when its estimates have been politically inconvenient, economists and other academics overwhelmingly reject that the CBO is partisan or that it fails to produce credible forecasts. There is a consensus among economists that "adjusting for legal restrictions on what the CBO can assume about future legislation and events, the CBO has historically issued credible forecasts of the effects of both Democratic and Republican legislative proposals."
Manuel Ángel González-Sponga
Manuel Ángel González Sponga (April 30, 1929 – March 1, 2009) was a Venezuelan zoologist devoted to the systematic and taxonomic study of the arachnids of Venezuela. He was also a biologist, arachnologist, and educator.

Arachnology
Arachnology (from Ancient Greek ἀράχνη (arákhnē), meaning "spider", and λόγος (lógos), meaning "study") is the scientific study of arachnids, which comprise spiders and related invertebrates such as scorpions, pseudoscorpions, harvestmen, ticks, and mites. Those who study spiders and other arachnids are arachnologists. More narrowly, the study of spiders alone (order Araneae) is known as araneology.

The word "arachnology" from Ancient Greek ἀράχνη (arákhnē), meaning "spider", and λόγος (lógos), meaning "study". The Ancient Greek word for "spider" itself refers to Arachne, the female protagonist of an ancient tale of the Greek Mythology.
1990 Kids' Choice Awards
The 4th Annual Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards was held on April 23, 1990, at Universal Studios Hollywood. The show was hosted by Dave Coulier, Candace Cameron and David Faustino. The now-familiar orange blimp-shaped trophy was first awarded at this show.

Dave Coulier
David Alan Coulier (/kuːlˈjeɪ/ kool-YAY; born September 21, 1959) is an American actor and comedian. He is best known for his roles as Joey Gladstone on the ABC sitcom Full House, Peter Venkman on The Real Ghostbusters, and Animal and Bunsen Honeydew on Muppet Babies. He was also in the 2007 Christmas movie The Family Holiday.
Teevan
Teevan is a surname. It originated as an Anglicised form of Irish and Scottish Gaelic Ó Teimheáin 'descendant of Teimheáin'.

People with this surname include:

Thomas Teevan (attorney general) (1903–1976), Irish barrister and judge

Thomas Teevan (Unionist politician) (1927–1954), Northern Ireland politician and lawyer

Colin Teevan (born 1968), Irish playwright

Craig Teevan (born 1970), Australian rugby player

Jaime Teevan (born 1976), American computer scientist

Anglicisation of names
The anglicisation of personal names is the change of non-English-language personal names to spellings nearer English sounds, or substitution of equivalent or similar English personal names in the place of non-English personal names.
Kayaba Ku-3
The Kayaba Ku-3 was a glider built in Japan in 1941 to investigate the possibilities of tailless aircraft. Building on the success of the Ku-2 design of the previous year, the Ku-3 was a substantially larger aircraft with several novel features. The small vertical fins of the Ku-2 were abandoned, leaving the Ku-3 with no vertical control surfaces.

The crescent wing had three pairs of control surfaces on the trailing edge. The outer, less-swept wing sections had a greater dihedral than the inner sections.

The prototype crashed after 67 flights, when the test pilot was unable to recover from a spin.

Trailing edge
The trailing edge of an aerodynamic surface such as a wing is its rear edge, where the airflow separated by the leading edge meets. Essential flight control surfaces are attached here to control the direction of the departing air flow, and exert a controlling force on the aircraft. Such control surfaces include ailerons on the wings for roll control, elevators on the tailplane controlling pitch, and the rudder on the fin controlling yaw. Elevators and ailerons may be combined as elevons on tailless aircraft.

The shape of the trailing edge is of prime importance in the aerodynamic function of any aerodynamic surface. A sharp trailing edge is always employed in an airfoil. George Batchelor has written about:

“ ... the remarkable controlling influence exerted by the sharp trailing edge of an aerofoil on the circulation.”
Bocuse d'Or USA
The Bocuse d'Or USA is a biennial chef championship, where the winner is selected to represent the  U.S. in the international Bocuse d'Or competition. Following 20 years of American representation in the competition, in 2008 Paul Bocuse asked Daniel Boulud to establish a structure for the selection of Team USA, who along with Thomas Keller and Jérôme Bocuse form the Board of Directors of the Bocuse d'Or USA Foundation. The first Bocuse d'Or USA competition was held in September 2008.

The Bocuse d'Or competition is frequently referred to as the culinary equivalent of the Olympic Games.

Following an idea by Boulud, the Bocuse d'Or was applied as the theme of an episode of Top Chef season 6, representing the biggest publicity the event has to date received in the United States.

Hyde Park, New York
Hyde Park is a town in Dutchess County, New York, United States, bordering the Hudson River north of Poughkeepsie. Within the town are the hamlets of Hyde Park, East Park, Staatsburg, and Haviland. Hyde Park is known as the hometown of Franklin D. Roosevelt, the 32nd president of the United States.

Hyde Park is home to the main campus of the Culinary Institute of America, a four-year college for culinary and baking and pastry arts, and the Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum, the first presidential library in the United States.

Hyde Park's population was 21,021 at the 2020 United States census. U.S. Route 9 passes through the town near the Hudson River.
Ernald
Ernald (or Ærnald) (died 1163) was the second Abbot of Kelso before becoming Bishop of Cell Rígmonaid (St Andrews), the highest ranking Scottish see in the period. He was elected to the see on Sunday, St. Brice's Day (13 November) 1160, and was consecrated at Dunfermline in the presence of King Máel Coluim IV the following Sunday by William, Bishop of Moray, the Papal legate. He is alleged by John Fordun to have founded the "Great Church" of St. Andrews. His short episcopate ended when he died, according to Andrew of Wyntoun, in 1163. He was buried in the church of St Regulus (Riagail).

Malcolm IV of Scotland
Malcolm IV (Medieval Gaelic: Máel Coluim mac Eanric; Scottish Gaelic: Maol Chaluim mac Eanraig), nicknamed Virgo, "the Maiden" (between 23 April and 24 May 1141 – 9 December 1165) was King of Scotland from 1153 until his death. He was the eldest son of Henry, Earl of Huntingdon and Northumbria (died 1152) and Ada de Warenne. The original Malcolm Canmore, a name now associated with his great-grandfather Malcolm III (Máel Coluim mac Donnchada), he succeeded his grandfather David I, and shared David's Anglo-Norman tastes.

Called Malcolm the Maiden by later chroniclers, a name which may incorrectly suggest weakness or effeminacy to modern readers, he was noted for his religious zeal and interest in knighthood and warfare. For much of his reign, he was in poor health and died unmarried at the age of twenty-four.
Rados (surname)
Rados is a surname with various origins. Notable people with the surname include:

Antonia Rados (born 1953), Austrian television journalist

Ferenc Rados (1934–2025), Hungarian pianist

Gusztáv Rados (1862–1942), Hungarian mathematician

Konstantinos Rados (1785–1865), Greek revolutionary

Luigi Rados (1773–1840), Italian engraver

Ferenc Rados
Ferenc Rados (26 October 1934 – 25 February 2025) was a Hungarian pianist who performed internationally as recitalist, chamber musician and soloist with orchestras. He was professor of piano and chamber music at the Franz Liszt Academy of Music from the 1960s until 1996 where he shaped the careers of a generation of students, including Kirill Gerstein and András Schiff.
Wheater's Field
Wheater's Field was a rugby ground in Broughton, Salford, England. It was home to the Broughton Rangers rugby league club of the Northern Union. On 19 October 1907, the stadium hosted a match between Rangers and the New Zealand All Golds. It had a capacity of 20,000. Rangers would call the stadium home until just before the First World War when they moved to the nearby Cliff.

The ground hosted two Challenge Cup finals, in 1907 Warrington 17 Oldham 3 and in 1921 Leigh 13 Halifax 0.

Wheater's Field is now a housing estate and its location is traceable through the naming of three streets: Wheater's Crescent, Wheater's Street and Wheater's Terrace.

Broughton, Salford
Broughton is a suburb and district of Salford, Greater Manchester, England. Located on the east bank of the River Irwell, it is 1 mile (1.6 km) northwest of Manchester and 2 miles (3.2 km) south of Prestwich.

Historically in Lancashire, the former manor house, Broughton Hall, belonged to the Chethams and the Stanleys, both distinguished local families, and later passed, by marriage, to the Clowes family. Part of Broughton was amalgamated into the Municipal Borough of Salford in 1844, and the remaining area in 1853.

In the 21st century, parts of Lower Broughton and Higher Broughton have been redeveloped with a mixture of town houses and flats. Together with neighbouring Whitefield, Prestwich and Crumpsall, Broughton is home to a large Jewish community.
PNS Shah Jahan (D-186)
PNS Shah Jahan (DDG-186) was a Tariq-class destroyer in service with the Pakistan Navy since being recommissioned in 1994. Based on the British design, Type 21 frigate, she previously served in the Royal Navy as HMS Active as a general purpose frigate.

In 1998–2008, the extensive engineering modernization and midlife upgrade program by the KSEW Ltd. at the Naval Base Karachi reclassified her status as guided missile destroyer.

Type system of the Royal Navy
The Type system is a classification system used by the British Royal Navy to classify surface escorts by function. The system evolved in the early 1950s, when the Royal Navy was experimenting with building single-purpose escort vessels with specific roles in light of experience gained in World War II. The original (July 1950) numbering scheme was:

Type 1X were Anti-Submarine (ASW) frigates (when the numbers ran out in the 1960s, ASW frigates continued as the Type 2X series).

Type 3X were General-Purpose (GP) frigates (Chosen 2015)
Type 4X were Anti-Aircraft (AAW) frigates (this later evolved into the "Destroyer" Type series).
Type 6X were Aircraft-Direction (ADW) frigates.
Type 8X were multi-role ships. An Admiralty Fleet Order defined these ships as "destroyers" if they could achieve "fleet speed" or as "sloops" if they could not.
Lake Wallenpaupack
Lake Wallenpaupack (/ˌwɒlɪnˈpɔːpæk/) is a reservoir in Northeastern Pennsylvania. After Raystown Lake, it is the second-largest lake contained entirely in Pennsylvania. It comprises 52 mi (84 km) of shoreline, with a length of 13 mi (21 km) and a maximum depth of 60 ft (18 m), and has a surface area in excess of 5,700 acres (2,300 ha). It was created in 1926 by the PPL Corporation for hydroelectric purposes, as well as flood control, but it is best known as one of several major recreational destinations in the Pocono Mountains. It is located near the Borough of Hawley, and forms part of the boundary between Pike and Wayne Counties. See map.

PPL Corporation
PPL Corporation is an energy company headquartered in Allentown, Pennsylvania in the Lehigh Valley region of eastern Pennsylvania. The company is publicly traded on the New York Stock Exchange as NYSE: PPL and is part of the S&P 500. As of 2022, the company had $7.9 billion in revenue, 6,500 employees, over $37 billion in assets, and serves 3.6 million customers.
2002 PBA Governors' Cup finals
The 2002 Samsung-PBA Governors Cup finals was the best-of-7 basketball championship series of the 2002 PBA Governors Cup and the conclusion of the conference's playoffs. The Purefoods Tender Juicy Hotdogs and Alaska Aces played for the 81st championship contested by the league.

The Purefoods Tender Juicy Hotdogs captured their 1st title in five years and sixth overall crown, coming back from a 0–2 overhaul and defeated the Alaska Aces in a seven-game series, it was also the first championship of the Purefoods franchise under a new ownership San Miguel Corporation, the finals victory made rookie coach Ryan Gregorio the youngest mentor to lead his team to a PBA title.

Ryan Gregorio
Paul Ryan C. Gregorio (born April 7, 1972) and nicknamed by some as "Coach R.G." is a Filipino professional basketball coach.

He was head coach of the Meralco Bolts in the Philippine Basketball Association from 2010 to 2014. Gregorio began his PBA coaching career with the Purefoods in 2002 on an acting capacity and won his first PBA Championship on the same year at the age of 29. He was also a former player (1992, 1993, 1994) and coach (2001) of the UP Fighting Maroons in the UAAP, before coaching in the pro league. He is a three-time PBA Champion Coach, a 4-time PBA All-Star Coach and a three-time PBA Coach of the Year awardee. He is one of the four PBA coaches who won at least 3 COY accolades. He is also the first and only coach in the league history to win a championship as an interim coach in 2002.

On August 24, 2018, he was appointed as the Special Assistant to the President of Samahang Basketbol ng Pilipinas.
Tapir-class landing ship
The Tapir-class landing ship, Soviet designation Project 1171 landing ship (NATO reporting name: Alligator), is a class of Soviet/Russian general purpose, beachable amphibious warfare ships (Soviet classification: large landing ship; Russian: большой десантный корабль, БДК).

Amphibious warfare ship
An amphibious warfare ship (or amphib) is an amphibious vehicle warship employed to land and support ground forces, such as marines, on enemy territory during an amphibious assault.

Specialized shipping can be divided into two types, most crudely described as ships and craft. In general, the ships carry the troops from the port of embarkation to the drop point for the assault and the craft carry the troops from the ship to the shore. Amphibious assaults taking place over short distances can also involve the shore-to-shore technique, where landing craft go directly from the port of embarkation to the assault point. Some tank landing ships may also be able to land troops and equipment directly onto shore after travelling long distances, such as the Ivan Rogov-class landing ship.
Decider (Turing machine)
In computability theory, a decider is a Turing machine that halts for every input. A decider is also called a total Turing machine as it represents a total function.

Because it always halts, such a machine is able to decide whether a given string is a member of a formal language.  The class of languages that can be decided by such machines is the set of recursive languages.

Given an arbitrary Turing machine, determining whether it is a decider is an undecidable problem. This is a variant of the halting problem, which asks for whether a Turing machine halts on a specific input.

Undecidable problem
In computability theory and computational complexity theory, an undecidable problem is a decision problem for which it is proved to be impossible to construct an algorithm that always leads to a correct yes-or-no answer. The halting problem is an example: it can be proven that there is no algorithm that correctly determines whether an arbitrary program eventually halts when run.
En Veedu En Kanavar
En Veedu En Kanavar (transl. My house, my husband), (also known as Manaiviyai Kaadali before release) is a 1990 Indian Tamil language romantic drama film directed by Senbaga Raman. The film stars Suresh and Nadhiya, while Rajiv and Manorama appeared in other pivotal roles. This was the debut for Ajith Kumar who was briefly featured for a song sequence. It was released on 13 April 1990.

Nadhiya
Zareena Moidu, known by her stage name Nadhiya Moidu or simply Nadhiya, is an Indian actress who predominantly appears in Tamil, Malayalam  and Telugu films. She made her debut in the 1984 Malayalam film Nokketha Doorathu Kannum Nattu for which she won Filmfare Award for Best Actress – Malayalam.

She made her comeback in 2004 in Tamil films with M. Kumaran S/O Mahalakshmi, and received critical acclaim for her performance. In 2013, she received critical acclaim in Telugu cinema for both the roles she played, as Prabhas's mother in the film Mirchi and for playing a stubborn aunt in Attarintiki Daredi. For the latter, she received the Nandi Award for Best Supporting Actress  for her performance.
Fritz Blanke
Fritz Blanke (22 April 1900 - 4 March 1967) was a Swiss church historian. As a researcher he mainly focussed on Martin Luther, Johann Georg Hamann, Huldrych Zwingli, the Anabaptists and the relationship between churches and sects.

Johann Georg Hamann
Johann Georg Hamann (/ˈhɑːmɑːn/; German: [ˈhaːman]; 27 August 1730 – 21 June 1788) was a German Lutheran philosopher from Königsberg known as "the Wizard of the North" who was one of the leading figures of post-Kantian philosophy. His work was used by his student J. G. Herder as the main support of the Sturm und Drang movement, and is associated with the Counter-Enlightenment and Romanticism.

He introduced Kant, also from Königsberg, to the works of both Hume – waking him from his "dogmatic slumber" – and Rousseau. Hamann was influenced by Hume, but he used his views to argue for rather than against Christianity.

Goethe and Kierkegaard were among those who considered him to be the finest mind of his time. He was also a key influence on Hegel and Jacobi. Long before the linguistic turn, Hamann believed epistemology should be replaced by the philosophy of language.
2008 FIFA Futsal World Cup qualification (UEFA)
Listed below are the dates and results for the 2008 FIFA Futsal World Cup qualification rounds for UEFA teams. A total of 38 teams took part, divided in 10 Groups - eight groups of 4 teams each and two groups of 3 teams each - competing for 6 places in the World Cup.

2008 FIFA Futsal World Cup
The 2008 FIFA Futsal World Cup was the sixth edition of the FIFA Futsal World Cup, the quadrennial international futsal championship contested by the men's national teams of the member associations of FIFA. It was the first tournament to use the term "World Cup". It was held between 30 September and 19 October 2008 in Brazil. It was the only Futsal World Cup to feature 20 teams.

Brazil won the tournament for the fourth time. It was their first title since 1996.
Nesterovo, Sheksninsky District, Vologda Oblast
Nesterovo (Russian: Нестерово) is a rural locality (a village) and the administrative center of Domshinskoye Rural Settlement, Sheksninsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 87 as of 2002.

Vologda Oblast
Vologda Oblast (Russian: Вологодская область, romanized: Vologodskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [vəlɐˈɡotskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]; Veps: Vologdan agj) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is Vologda. The oblast has a population of 1,202,444 (2010 Census). The largest city is Cherepovets, the home of the Severstal metallurgical plant, the largest industrial enterprise in the oblast.

Vologda Oblast is home to many historic monuments, such as the Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery, Ferapontov Monastery (a World Heritage Site) with the frescoes of Dionisius, the two medieval towns of Velikiy Ustyug and Belozersk, and the baroque churches of Totma and Ustyuzhna.

Large reserves of wood and fresh water are the main natural resources.
Kalhora dynasty
The Kalhora dynasty (Sindhi: ڪلهوڙا خاندان‎, romanized: Kalhōṛā khāndān) was a Sindhi Muslim Kalhora tribe dynasty based in the region of Sindh, present day Pakistan. The dynasty governed much of Sindh, South Punjab and parts of Kutch (present-day Gujarat, India) between 1701 and 1783 from their capital of Khudabad, before shifting to Hyderabad from 1768 onwards. They were assigned to hold authority by the Mughal Grand Vizier Mirza Ghazi Beg.

Romanisation of Sindhi
Sindhi Romanisation or Transliteration or Latinization of Sindhi is a system for representing the Sindhi language using the Latin script.

In Sindh, Pakistan the Sindhi language is written in modified perso-Arabic script and in India it is written in both Perso-Arabic script and Devnagari script.

Indus Roman Sindhi Script gives ability to Sindhis and would allow Sindhis all over the world to communicate with each other through one common script. 
The Sindhi language is traditionally written in a script derived from the Arabic script, with some modifications. Therefore, the transliteration is the process of converting text from one writing system into another, while preserving the original pronunciation. In the case of Sindhi to English transliteration, it involves converting Sindhi words written in the Sindhi script (a variant of the Arabic script) into the Latin alphabet used for writing English.