hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Law Terms Act 1830
The Law Terms Act 1830 (11 Geo. 4. & 1 Will. 4. c. 70) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that made various changes to the court system of England and Wales.

Section 8 granted direct appeal from the Court of Common Pleas to the Court of Exchequer Chamber, rather than indirectly through the King's Bench.

Section 14 abolished the independent jurisdiction of the courts of session of the County Palatine of Chester.

Section 15 was repealed by section 56 of, and Part IV of Schedule 11 to, the Courts Act 1971.

In a report dated 27 September 1985, the Law Commission and the Scottish Law Commission said that section 32 was the only provision that had not been repealed. They said that local consultation had confirmed it was obsolete and unnecessary. They recommended the whole Act be repealed. The Act was completely repealed by Group 1 of Part I of Schedule 1 to the Statute Law (Repeals) Act 1986 on 2 May 1986.

Law Commission (England and Wales)
In England and Wales the Law Commission (Welsh: Comisiwn y Gyfraith) is an independent law commission set up by Parliament by the Law Commissions Act 1965 to keep the law of England and Wales under review and to recommend reforms.  The organisation is headed by a Chair (a judge of the High Court or Court of Appeal, currently Sir Peter Fraser LJ) and four Law Commissioners. It proposes changes to the law that will make the law simpler, more accessible, fairer, modern and more cost-effective. It consults widely on its proposals and in the light of the responses to public consultation, it presents recommendations to the UK Parliament that, if legislated upon, would implement its law reform recommendations. The commission is part of the Commonwealth Association of Law Reform Agencies.
Crieff and Methven Junction Railway
The Crieff and Methven Junction Railway was a Scottish railway, opened in 1866, connecting Crieff with a branch line that ran from Methven to Perth.

As a purely local concern, the line was dependent on local traffic, and when that declined in the middle of the twentieth century, the railway became unsustainable. It closed to passengers in 1951 and completely in 1967.

Crieff
Crieff (/kriːf/ ⓘ; Scottish Gaelic: Craoibh, meaning "tree") is a Scottish market town in Perth and Kinross on the A85 road between Perth and Crianlarich, and the A822 between Greenloaning and Aberfeldy. The A822 joins the A823 to Dunfermline. Crieff has become a hub for tourism, famous for whisky and its history of cattle droving. Attractions include the Caithness Glass Visitor Centre and Glenturret Distillery. The nearby Innerpeffray Library (founded about 1680) is Scotland's oldest lending library. St Mary's Chapel beside it dates from 1508. Both are open to the public: the library is run by a charitable trust; the chapel is in the care of Historic Scotland.
Iris (given name)
Iris (from Greek Ἶρις Ancient Greek: [îːris], the messenger of the gods among themselves and the personification of ἶρις, the "rainbow") is a feminine name.

The name came into use in English-speaking countries in the 1500s, first in reference to the goddess, and was later used along with other Ancient Greek names revived by 17th-century British poets, such as Doris and Phyllis. It is also used in reference to the flowering plant and likely inspired the use of other botanical names that became popular in the Anglosphere during the Victorian era.

The name has ranked among the top 100 names given to baby girls in Belgium, England, France, Iceland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, the United States, and Wales during the 2010s. It ranked 101st on the popularity chart in Canada in 2021, with 255 newborn Canadian girls given the name in that year.

Notable people and characters with the name include:

Iris (plant)
Iris is a flowering plant genus of 310 accepted species with showy flowers. As well as being the scientific name, iris is also widely used as a common name for all Iris species, as well as some belonging to other closely related genera. A common name for some species is flags, while the plants of the subgenus Scorpiris are widely known as junos, particularly in horticulture. It is a popular garden flower.

The often-segregated, monotypic genera Belamcanda (blackberry lily, I. domestica), Hermodactylus (snake's head iris, I. tuberosa), and Pardanthopsis (vesper iris, I. dichotoma) are currently included in Iris.

Three Iris varieties are used in the Iris flower data set outlined by Ronald Fisher in his 1936 paper The use of multiple measurements in taxonomic problems as an example of linear discriminant analysis.
Primate of Galicia and Lodomeria
Primate of Galicia and Lodomeria (German: Primas Unserer Königreiche Galizien und Lodomerien) was the Catholic Church historical title of honor that existed in the Austrian Empire from 1817 until 1858 for the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lviv (1817–1848) and the Ruthenian Catholic Archeparchy of Lviv (1848–1858). Under this Primate were three ecclesiastical provinces of the different Catholic traditions: Armenian, Latin and Ruthenian (present day Ukrainian) in Halychyna.

Primate (bishop)
Primate (/ˈpraɪmət/; Latin: Primas) is a title or rank bestowed on some important archbishops in certain Christian churches. Depending on the particular tradition, it can denote either jurisdictional authority (title of authority) or (usually) ceremonial precedence (title of honour).
Sabah (newspaper)
Sabah is a daily newspaper that began publication in Turkey on 22 April 1985. Its slogan is "Turkey's best newspaper." The newspaper began publishing online in January 1997. The newspaper, which was transferred to the Savings Deposit Insurance Fund (TMSF) in 2007 and subsequently joined the Turkuvaz Media Group, is edited by Erdal Şafak.

Turkuvaz Media Group
Turkuvaz Media Group is a Turkish company operating in the media sector. The company's CEO is Dr Serhat Albayrak, son of Sadık Albayrak and brother of former Treasury and Finance Minister Berat Albayrak. The company is also known as the Sabah-ATV Group.

Turkuvaz Media Group, which encompasses print, broadcast, audio and digital media, acquired D&R, Turkey's largest book and hobby store, from Doğan Holding in 2018 for 440 million lira.

Turkuvaz Printing, a subsidiary of Turkuvaz Media Group, is also known as one of Turkey's largest printing facilities.
Young baronets
There have been five baronetcies created for persons with the surname Young, one in the Baronetage of England, one in the Baronetage of Great Britain and three in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. As of 2026, four of the creations are extant.

Young baronets of London (1628): see Sir Richard Young, 1st Baronet

Young baronets of Dominica (1769)

Young baronets of Formosa Place (1813)

Young baronets of Bailieborough Castle (1821)

Young baronets of Partick (1945)

Young baronets of Dominica (1769)
The Young baronetcy, of Dominica, was created in the Baronetage of Great Britain on 2 May 1769 for William Young, Lieutenant-Governor of Dominica. The 2nd Baronet served as Governor of Tobago, while the 4th Baronet sat as Member of Parliament for Buckinghamshire.

The 5th Baronet was killed at the Battle of Alma in the Crimean War while his younger brother, the 6th Baronet, died during the Siege of Sevastopol in the same conflict. The 9th Baronet was Envoy Extraordinary to Guatemala and Yugoslavia.
Kamoamoa
Kamoamoa is a set of volcanic fissures born on March 5, 2011, on the flanks of Kīlauea, Hawaii, US. Their opening between Puʻu ʻŌʻō to the east and Nāpau to the west follows a sudden drop in the level of lava lakes in the Puʻu ʻŌʻō and Halemaʻumaʻu craters, as well as an increase in nearby seismic activity, particularly tremors. Lava erupted for five days, forming a flow that advanced by around two kilometers. Following the eruption, a fire broke out in the forest.

Episodic tremor and slip
Episodic tremor and slip (ETS) is a seismological phenomenon observed in some subduction zones that is characterized by non-earthquake seismic rumbling, or tremor, and slow slip along the plate interface.  Slow slip events are distinguished from earthquakes by their propagation speed and focus. In slow slip events, there is an apparent reversal of crustal motion, although the fault motion remains consistent with the direction of subduction. ETS events themselves are imperceptible to human beings and do not cause damage.
Rakitovec, Koper
Rakitovec (pronounced [ɾaˈkiːtɔʋəts]; Italian: Acquaviva dei Vena) is a village in the City Municipality of Koper in the Littoral region of Slovenia on the border with Croatia.

The local church is dedicated to Saint James and belongs to the Parish of Predloka.

Urban Municipality of Koper
The Urban Municipality of Koper (pronounced [ˈkoːpəɾ]; Slovene: Mestna občina Koper, Italian: Comune città di Capodistria) is one of twelve urban municipalities of Slovenia. It is located at the coastline of the Adriatic Sea in southwestern Slovenia and was established in 1994. The seat of the municipality is the town of Koper. Since 1995, the area has been part of the Coastal–Karst Statistical Region. The municipality is bilingual, with both Slovene and Italian recognized, and it shares borders with Italy and Croatia.
Llanfairfechan
Llanfairfechan (Welsh for 'little St Mary's parish'; Welsh pronunciationⓘ) is a town and community in the Conwy County Borough, Wales.  It is known as a seaside resort and had a population at the 2001 Census of 3,755, reducing to 3,637 at the 2011 Census.  The history of the area dates back to at least Roman times, as demonstrated by the discovery of a large second century milestone, which is now preserved in the British Museum.

Romano-British culture
The Romano-British culture arose in Britain under the Roman Empire following the Roman conquest in AD 43 and the creation of the province of Britannia. It arose as a fusion of the imported Roman culture with that of the indigenous Britons, a people of Celtic language and custom.

Scholars such as Christopher Snyder believe that during the 5th and 6th centuries – approximately from 410 when the Roman legions withdrew, to 597 when St Augustine of Canterbury arrived – southern Britain preserved an active sub-Roman culture that survived the attacks from the Anglo-Saxons and even used a vernacular Latin when writing.
2020 Joe McDonagh Cup final
The 2020 Joe McDonagh Cup Final was played at Croke Park in Dublin on 13 December 2020. It was contested by Antrim and Kerry.

The game took place before the 2020 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship Final. Antrim won the competition for the first time and were thus promoted to the 2021 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (the sport's top flight).

The match was televised live on RTÉ2 as part of The Sunday Game, presented by Joanne Cantwell from Croke Park, with commentary from Ger Canning.

Darren Gleeson was manager. Conor McCann was captain.

Belfast City Hall lit up in yellow on 24 January 2021 in commemoration of Antrim's win.

Kerry county hurling team
The Kerry county hurling team represents Kerry in hurling and is governed by Kerry GAA, the county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association. The team competes in the Christy Ring Cup and the National Hurling League.

Kerry's home ground is Austin Stack Park, Tralee. The team's manager is John Griffin.

The team last won the Munster Senior Championship in 1891, the All-Ireland Senior Championship in 1891 and has never won the National League.
Jan Heinisch
Jan Volker Heinisch (born 1 May 1976 in Düsseldorf) is a German politician. He has been a member of the Landtag of North Rhine-Westphalia since 2022, having previously served in 2017. From 2004 to 2017, he served as mayor of Heiligenhaus.

Landtag of North Rhine-Westphalia
The Landtag of North Rhine-Westphalia is the state parliament (Landtag) of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia, which convenes in the state capital of Düsseldorf, in the eastern part of the district of Hafen. The parliament is the central legislative body in the political system of North Rhine-Westphalia. In addition to the passage of laws, its most important tasks are the election of the Minister-President of the state and the administration of the government. The current government is a coalition of the CDU and the Greens, supporting the cabinet of Minister-President Hendrik Wüst since June 2022.

The most recent state election took place on 15 May 2022.
Song Bo-bae
Song Bo-bae (Korean: 송보배, born 22 February 1986) is a South Korean professional golfer who plays on the LPGA of Japan Tour and LPGA of Korea Tour.

Song has won several times on the LPGA of Korea Tour and LPGA of Japan Tour including the 2005 Samsung Ladies Masters co-sanctioned by the Ladies European Tour and the 2009 Mizuno Classic co-sanctioned by the LPGA Tour.

Samsung Ladies Masters
The Samsung Ladies Masters was a women's professional golf tournament co-sanctioned by the LPGA of Korea Tour and the Ladies European Tour that took place in Singapore at the Laguna National G&CC. It was only held in 2005.
Naarda ivelona
Naarda ivelona is a species of moth in the family Noctuidae from Madagascar. It was described by Pierre Viette in 1965.

Its holotype had been collected in the Ivelona valley and is preserved at the MNHN.

Pierre Viette
Pierre E. L. Viette (29 June 1921 – 30 April 2011) was a French entomologist. He attended university in Dijon during the German occupation of France in World War II, then spent his entire career at the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle in Paris. He specialized in insect systematics, especially Lepidoptera, and had over 400 articles published.
James L. Knight
James Landon Knight (July 21, 1909 – February 5, 1991) was an American newspaper publisher and co-founder of the Knight Ridder group of newspapers.

He was also co-founder of the John S. and James L. Knight Foundation with his brother John S. Knight.

The James L. Knight Center in Miami, Florida is named in his honor.

He caught a then-record 585-pound blue marlin in 1964 on a fishing trip that saw the sinking of the family's 75-foot pleasure boat.

Knight Ridder
Knight Ridder /ˈrɪdər/ was an American media company, specializing in newspaper and Internet publishing. It was bought by McClatchy on June 27, 2006, allowing the latter to become the second largest newspaper publisher in the United States at the time, with 32 daily newspaper brands sold. Its headquarters were located in San Jose, California.
Roads in Cuba
The road network of Cuba consists of 60,858 km (37,815 mi) of roads, of which over  29,850 km (18,550 mi) are paved and 31,038 km (19,286 mi) are unpaved. The Caribbean country counts also 654 km (406 mi) of motorways (autopistas).

Matanzas
Matanzas (Latin American Spanish: [maˈtansas]; Lucumi: Ayá Áta) is the capital of the Cuban province of Matanzas. Known for its poets, culture, and Afro-Cuban folklore, it is located on the northern shore of the island of Cuba, on the Bay of Matanzas (Spanish Bahia de Matanzas), 102 kilometres (63 mi) east of the capital Havana and 32 kilometres (20 mi) west of the resort town of Varadero.

Matanzas is called the City of Bridges, for the seventeen bridges that cross the three rivers that traverse the city (Rio Yumuri, San Juan, and Canimar). For this reason it was referred to as the "Venice of Cuba." It was also called "La Atenas de Cuba" ("The Athens of Cuba") for its poets.

Matanzas is known as the birthplace of the music and dance traditions danzón and rumba.
Booting process of Android devices
The booting process of Android devices starts at the power-on of the SoC (system on a chip) and ends at the visibility of the home screen, or special modes like recovery, fastboot, or Odin mode for Samsung devices. The boot process of devices that run Android is influenced by the firmware design of the SoC manufacturers.

Home screen
A home screen, homescreen, or start screen is the main screen on a device or computer program. Home screens are not identical because users rearrange icons as they please, and home screens often differ across mobile operating systems. Almost every smartphone has some form of home screen, which typically displays links to applications, settings, and notifications.
William Chepkut
William Kamuren Chirchir Chepkut (died 8 October 2022) was a Kenyan politician who served as member of the National Assembly for the Ainabkoi Constituency between 2017 and 2022. He lost his seat to Samuel Chepkonga in the 2022 Kenyan general election.

National Assembly (Kenya)
The National Assembly of the Republic of Kenya (formerly House of Representatives) is one of the two Houses of the Parliament of Kenya. Between 1966 and 2013, it served as a unicameral house. In 2013 (11th Parliament), it became the lower house when the Senate was reestablished.

It has a total of 349 seats: 290 elected from the constituencies, 47 women elected from the counties and 12 nominated representatives. The Speaker of the National Assembly of Kenya serves as an ex officio member.

The High Court of Kenya ordered lawmakers to introduce gender quotas, or face dissolution in the mid-2010s, following the implementation of the 2010 Constitution.
Taban, Libya
Zawiat at-Taban, or Taban (Arabic: زاوية النيان); also An-Nayan or Wadi Sammalus, is a checkpoint in the District of Jabal al Akhdar in north-eastern Libya. It is located on the cross-roads between the Charruba–Mechili–Timimi desert road and the Marawa–Wadi Sammalus.

From February 1925 to August 1927, Wadi Sammalus was the site of several colonial battles between Italian forces and Senussi rebels.

Sanusiyya
The Sanusi order or Sanusiyyah (Arabic: السنوسية, romanized: as-Sanūssiyya) are a Muslim political-religious Sufi order (tariqa) in Libya and North Africa founded in Mecca in 1837 by Muhammad ibn Ali al-Sanusi.

During World War I the Senusi order fought against both Italy and Britain. During World War II, the order provided support to the British Eighth Army in North Africa against Nazi and Fascist Italian forces. The founder's grandson became King Idris I of Libya in 1951. The 1969 Libyan revolution led by Muammar Gaddafi overthrew him, ending the Libyan monarchy. The movement remained active despite persecution by Gaddafi's government, and its cultural legacy continues to this day in Libya, centered on Cyrenaica.
The Spinanes
The Spinanes were an American indie rock band, primarily active during the 1990s. The band was founded by and initially consisted only of singer-songwriter/guitarist Rebecca Gates and drummer Scott Plouf. They released three albums on the Sub Pop label before Gates retired the name in 2001 and began releasing music as a solo artist; Plouf began playing with Built to Spill in 1996 and left The Spinanes shortly thereafter to become their permanent drummer.

Built to Spill
Built to Spill is an American indie rock band that formed in Boise, Idaho, in 1992. Centered on lead vocalist and guitarist Doug Martsch, the only permanent member, Built to Spill has released nine albums since its inception. Martsch originally envisioned the band to feature a changing set of backing musicians for each album, but eventually settled with a stable lineup for over a decade before returning to his original plan in 2012.

Having received consistent critical acclaim throughout their career, three of the band's albums—There's Nothing Wrong with Love, Perfect from Now On and Keep It Like a Secret—placed in the top 50 of Pitchfork's Top 100 Albums of the 1990s list. Keep It Like a Secret was the band's first album to chart on the Billboard 200 in the United States, while their 2009 release There Is No Enemy became Built to Spill's highest-charting album of their career.
Long line rider
Long line rider was a person in the Arkansas prison system of the twentieth century who supervised inmates, particularly in the area of field production. He was second in command to the inmate yardman. Bobby Darin's song "Long Line Rider" highlighted the terror of the Cummins Prison Farm (Cummins Unit), where the skeletons of three prisoners were discovered in January 1968.

Long line riders were armed guards who rode on horseback. They were overseers of inmates who were swinging hoes. In instances when inmates escaped, long line riders released bloodhounds to track them. Long line riders at the Cummins Prison farm were made up of inmates, called trusties, who were often serving long prison sentences for armed robbery or murder.

Cummins Unit
The Cummins Unit (formerly known as Cummins State Farm) is an Arkansas Department of Corrections prison in unincorporated Lincoln County, Arkansas, United States, in the Arkansas Delta region. It is located along U.S. Route 65, near Grady, Gould, and Varner, 28 miles (45 km) south of Pine Bluff, and 60 miles (97 km) southeast of Little Rock.

This prison farm is a 16,500-acre (6,700 ha) correctional facility. The prison first opened in 1902 and has a capacity of 1,725 inmates. Cummins housed Arkansas's male death row until 1986, when it was transferred first to the Tucker Maximum Security Unit. The State of Arkansas execution chamber is located in the Cummins Unit, adjacent to the location of the male death row, the Varner Unit. The female death row is located at the McPherson Unit. Cummins is one of the State of Arkansas's "parent units" for male prisoners; it serves as one of several units of initial assignment for processed male prisoners.
Grozdanov
Grozdanov (Bulgarian: Грозданов) is a surname. The feminine form is Grozdanova (Bulgarian: Грозданова). Notable people with the surname include:

Branimir Grozdanov (born 1994), Bulgarian volleyball player

Cvetan Grozdanov (1936–2018), Macedonian art historian

Dilyana Grozdanova (1957–2025), Bulgarian politician

Kire Grozdanov (born 1970), Macedonian football player

Kiril Grozdanov (born 1997), Bulgarian football player

Plamen Grozdanov (born 1950), Bulgarian diplomat

Stefan Grozdanov (born 1946), Bulgarian football player and manager

Tihomir Grozdanov (born 1987), Bulgarian tennis player

Branimir Grozdanov
Branimir Grozdanov (Bulgarian: Бранимир Грозданов; born 21 May 1994) is a Bulgarian male volleyball player. He was part of the Bulgaria men's national volleyball team that won the silver medal at the 2015 European Games in Baku. He has played for Develi Belediyespor.
Lents Park
Lents Park is a 38.07-acre (15.41 ha) public park in southeast Portland, Oregon's Lents neighborhood, in the United States. Acquired in 1914, the park features the Charles B. Walker Stadium (home of the West Coast League's Portland Pickles collegiate baseball team), and has a new playground to replace one built in the 1970s.

Lents Park was the site of at least one Black Lives Matter demonstration in 2020.

In April 2021, a man was shot in the park by the police that responded to multiple calls about a man with a gun. A replica gun was recovered.

West Coast League
The West Coast League (WCL) is a collegiate summer baseball wooden bat league founded in 2005, comprising teams from Washington, Oregon, British Columbia, and Alberta. The WCL was previously named the West Coast Collegiate Baseball League (WCCBL), but in 2008 it was renamed as the West Coast League. The league is designed to develop college talent, and only current college-eligible players are allowed to participate. The West Coast League has produced dozens of professional players, including a number of major leaguers. League teams are operated similarly to professional minor-league teams. The WCL's season typically runs from early June through the middle of August.