hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Georges Duthuit
Georges Duthuit (1891–1973) was a French writer, art critic and historian. Duthuit was the editor for the new iteration of the literary journal transition, titled Transition, from 1948-1950.

Duthuit was a key commentator on Matisse (his father-in-law), Nicolas de Staël, Jean-Paul Riopelle, and Bram van Velde. He maintained a close association with the surrealists, particularly André Masson. In 1939, he was among the intellectuals convened for George Bataille's College of Sociology. Part of his correspondences on contemporary art with Samuel Beckett form the text Three Dialogues, originally published in Transition 49.

In 1923 he married Marguerite Matisse (1894-1982), daughter of Henri Matisse.  They had one son, Claude (born 1931).

André Masson
André-Aimé-René Masson (French: [ɑ̃dʁe ɛme ʁəne masɔ̃]; 4 January 1896 – 28 October 1987) was a French artist. He was a leading figure in the Surrealist movement and an influence on Abstract Expressionism. He served in the French Army from 1914-1919. During his exile in the United States during World War II, his work influenced the development of the New York School, where he influenced young American artists, most notably Jackson Pollock and Arshile Gorky.
Tirunedunkulam Nedungalanathar Temple
Thirunedunkulam Nedungalanathar Temple is a Tamil temple located at Thirunedunkulam  in the Trichy district of Tamil Nadu, India.  The historical name of the place is Thirunedungalam.  The presiding deity is Shiva, who is locally called Thirunedungalanathar. He is also known as Nithya Sundareswarar.  His consort is known as Oppila Nayaki and Mangalanayaki.

Tiruchirappalli district
Tiruchirappalli district is one of the 38 districts, located along the Kaveri River, in Tamil Nadu, India. The headquarters of the district is the city of Tiruchirappalli.

During the British Raj, the district was referred to as Trichinopoly, and was a district of the Madras Presidency; it was renamed upon India's declaration of independence in 1947. The district is spread over an area of 4,404 square kilometres (1,700 sq mi) and had a population of 2,722,290 in 2011.
UC Davis Department of Viticulture and Enology
The Department of Viticulture and Enology at the University of California, Davis, located in Davis, California, offers undergraduate and graduate degrees in the areas of grape growing and wine making.  Located just 45 minutes from Napa Wine Country the department has strong connections with wine producers in California and elsewhere.  The department has produced many of the notable winemakers of the California wine industry.

Davis, California
Davis is the most populous city in Yolo County, California, United States. Located in the Sacramento Valley region of Northern California, the city had a population of 66,850 in 2020, not including the on-campus population of the University of California, Davis, which was over 9,400 (not including students' families) in 2016. As of 2023, there were 40,850 students enrolled at the university, which is known as the biking capital of America.
Sara Serna
Sara Serna Abadías is a Spanish football striker currently playing in Segunda División for CE Seagull. She previously played for RCD Espanyol, with whom she also played the 2006-07 European Cup, UE L'Estartit and Levante Las Planas.

She has been an U-19 international.

FC Badalona Women
Futbol Club Badalona Women, also officially shortened to ONA (Catalan for "wave") – and previously known as Levante Las Planas (Llevant Les Planes) and Levante Badalona – is a Spanish professional women's football club based in Badalona, Barcelona (formerly based in the Les Planes area of Sant Joan Despí, Barcelona). It competes in the Liga F, the top tier of Spanish women's football, playing home matches at the Estadi Municipal de Badalona.
Figure skating at the 1936 Winter Olympics
Figure skating at the 1936 Winter Olympics took place at the Olympia-Kunsteisstadion in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Bavaria, from 9 to 15 February 1936. Three figure skating events were contested: men's singles, ladies' singles, and pairs skating.

1936 Winter Olympics
The 1936 Winter Olympics, officially known as the IV Olympic Winter Games (German: IV. Olympische Winterspiele) and commonly known as Garmisch-Partenkirchen 1936, were a winter multi-sport event held from 6 to 16 February 1936 in the market town of Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany. Later that year, the country also hosted the 1936 Summer Olympics, which were held in Berlin. It was the last year in which the Summer and Winter Games both took place in the same country (the cancelled 1940 Olympics would have been held in Japan, with Tokyo hosting the Summer Games and Sapporo hosting the Winter Games).

The 1936 Winter Games were organized on behalf of the German League of the Reich for Physical Exercise (DRL) by Karl Ritter von Halt, who had been named president of the committee for the organization of the Fourth Winter Olympics in Garmisch-Partenkirchen by Reichssportführer Hans von Tschammer und Osten.
Michael Clemente
Michael Clemente (August 29, 1908 – December 1987), (also known as Mike Costello or Big Mike), was a New York mobster in the Genovese crime family who became a major force in controlling the East River waterfront of Manhattan from the 1940s to 1979. His principal territory was between piers 36 and 42. In 1943, Clemente, who was a Caporegime of Joseph Lanza, took over his boss's waterfront rackets at the Fulton Fish Market on the East River when "Socks" Lanza went to prison for 7½ years for extortion.

Gangster
A gangster (informally gangsta) is a criminal who is a member of a gang. Most gangs are considered to be part of organized crime. Gangsters are also called mobsters, a term derived from mob and the suffix -ster. Gangs provide a level of organization and resources that support much larger and more complex criminal transactions than an individual criminal could achieve. Gangsters have been active for many years in countries around the world. Gangsters are the subject of many novels, films, television series, and video games.
This Ball of Mud and Meanness
"This Ball of Mud and Meanness" is the fourteenth episode of the second season, and 36th episode overall from the FOX series Gotham. The episode was written by Jordan Harper and directed by John Behring. It was first broadcast on March 14, 2016 in FOX. In the episode, Bruce sets out to find "Matches" Malone, the man who killed his parents. Meanwhile, Gordon investigates Kristen Kringle's disappearance, worrying Nygma.

The episode was watched by 4.01 million viewers and received critical acclaim with David Mazouz's performance receiving universal acclaim. Two days after the episode aired, FOX announced Gotham was renewed for a third season.

Michael Bowen (actor)
Michael Bowen is an American actor. He is known for portraying Nicolas Cage's romantic rival, Tommy, in the film Valley Girl (1983), Danny Pickett on the ABC series Lost, and Jack Welker on the AMC series Breaking Bad (2012–2013).
Ideal norm
In commutative algebra, the norm of an ideal is a generalization of a norm of an element in the field extension. It is particularly important in number theory since it measures the size of an ideal of a complicated number ring in terms of an ideal in a less complicated ring. When the less complicated number ring is taken to be the ring of integers, Z, then the norm of a nonzero ideal I of a number ring R is simply the size of the finite quotient ring R/I.

Quotient ring
In ring theory, a branch of abstract algebra, a quotient ring, also known as factor ring, difference ring or residue class ring, is a construction quite similar to the quotient group in group theory and to the quotient space in linear algebra. It is a specific example of a quotient, as viewed from the general setting of universal algebra. Starting with a ring  and a two-sided ideal  in ⁠⁠, a new ring, the quotient ring ⁠⁠, is constructed, whose elements are the cosets of  in  subject to special  and  operations. Quotient ring notation almost always uses a fraction slash "⁠⁠"; stacking the ring over the ideal using a horizontal line as a separator is uncommon and generally avoided.

Quotient rings are distinct from the "quotient field", or field of fractions, of an integral domain as well as from the more general "rings of quotients" obtained by localization.
Weideman
Weideman  is a German surname derived from the meaning "hunter". Notable people with the surname include:

Carl M. Weideman (1898–1972), American politician

Francois Weideman (1960–2001), South African cricketer

George Weideman (1947–2008), South African poet and writer

Graeme Weideman (1934–2023), Australian pharmacist and politician

Jaap Weideman (1936–1996), South African admiral

Mark Weideman (born 1961), Australian rules footballer

Murray Weideman (1936–2021), Australian rules footballer

Peter Weideman (1940–2012), Australian rules footballer

Sam Weideman (born 1997), Australian rules footballer

Sam Weideman
Samuel Weideman (born 26 June 1997) is a former professional Australian rules footballer who played for Melbourne and Essendon in the Australian Football League (AFL).  A key forward, Weideman is 1.96 metres (6 ft 5 in) tall and weighs 97 kilograms (214 lb). He played top-level football early, playing in the TAC Cup as a bottom-aged player. His achievements as a junior included two best and fairest awards and national representation. Even though an ankle injury forced him to miss the majority of his final year of junior football, he was drafted by Melbourne with the ninth selection in the 2015 AFL draft. He made his AFL debut in 2016, making him a third-generation footballer, whereby he is the grandson of the Collingwood Football Club's 1958 premiership captain, Murray Weideman, and the son of former Collingwood player, Mark Weideman.
Etlingera venusta
Etlingera venusta is a monocotyledonous plant species first described by Henry Nicholas Ridley, and given its current name by Rosemary Margaret Smith. Etlingera venusta is part of the genus Etlingera and the family Zingiberaceae. No subspecies are listed in the Catalog of Life.

Henry Nicholas Ridley
Henry Nicholas Ridley CMG (1911), MA (Oxon), FRS, FLS, F.R.H.S. (10 December 1855 – 24 October 1956) was an English botanist, geologist and naturalist who lived much of his life in Singapore. As Director of the Botanic Gardens in Singapore, he was instrumental in promoting the commercial exploitation of rubber trees in the Malay Peninsula, after devising a method of tapping rubber trees without damaging the bark or destroying the trees. As a result of his ardent attempts to persuade Malayan coffee planters to grow rubber, he became known as ‘Mad’ Ridley.
1873 Haverfordwest Boroughs by-election
The 1873 Haverfordwest Boroughs by-election was fought on 24 November 1873.  The by-election was fought due to the incumbent Liberal Party MP, The Lord Kensington taking the position of Parliamentary Groom in Waiting.  It was retained by Edwardes.

William Edwardes, 4th Baron Kensington
William Edwardes, 4th Baron Kensington PC (11 May 1835 – 7 October 1896), also 1st Baron Kensington in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, styled The Honourable William Edwardes between 1852 and 1872, was a British landowner and Liberal politician. He notably served as Comptroller of the Household from 1880 to 1885 and as Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard from 1892 to 1895.
Jim Brady (quarterback)
James Murphy Brady (August 11, 1907 – January 12, 1984), a grandson of Idaho governor James H. Brady, was an American football player and broadcasting entrepreneur.

After graduating from Pocatello High School in Idaho, Brady tried out for the football team at Notre Dame, but was told by coach Knute Rockne that he was far too small.  But over time his persistence paid off, and in 1927 he was named the starting quarterback.  Brady was the quarterback for the legendary "Win one for the Gipper" game against Army on November 10, 1928—dramatized in the film Knute Rockne, All American.

Returning to Idaho Falls in 1933, he joined the family business at The Post Register newspaper.  After serving in the United States Army in World War II, Brady founded the radio station KIFI in Idaho Falls in 1947, and eventually the television station KIFI-TV. He served as president of Upper Valley Cable from 1969 until his death in 1984.

James H. Brady
James Henry Brady (June 12, 1862 – January 13, 1918) was an American politician who served as a United States senator from Idaho from 1913 until his death in 1918. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as the state's eighth governor from 1909 to 1911.
Aulus Cornelius Celsus
Aulus Cornelius Celsus (c. 25 BC – c. 50 AD) was a Roman encyclopedist, known for his extant medical work, De Medicina, which is believed to be the only surviving section of a much larger encyclopedia. The De Medicina is a primary source on diet, pharmacy, surgery and related fields, and it is one of the best sources concerning medical knowledge in the Roman world. The lost portions of his encyclopedia likely included volumes on agriculture, law, rhetoric, and military arts. He made contributions to the classification of human skin disorders in  dermatology, such as myrmecia, and his name is often found in medical terminology regarding the skin, e.g., kerion celsi and area celsi. He is also the namesake of Paracelsus (lit. Above Celsus), a great Swiss alchemist and physician prevalent in the Medical Renaissance.

Diet (nutrition)
In nutrition, diet is the sum of food consumed by a person or other organism.
The word diet often implies the use of specific intake of nutrition for health or weight-management reasons (with the two often being related). Although humans are omnivores, each culture and each person holds some food preferences or some food taboos. This may be due to personal tastes or ethical reasons. Individual dietary choices may be more or less healthy.

Complete nutrition requires ingestion and absorption of vitamins, minerals, essential amino acids from protein and essential fatty acids from fat-containing food, also food energy in the form of carbohydrate, protein, and fat. Dietary habits and choices play a significant role in the quality of life, health and longevity.
Shermaine Santiago
Shermaine Santiago (born February 16, 1980, in Manila, Philippines) is a Filipino actress, TV show host, and singer. She appeared in a lot of hit TV shows from GMA Network such as Best Friends, Beh Bote Nga, Te Amo, Maging Sino Ka Man, Mulawin, Impostora, MariMar, Paroa: Ang Kuwento ni Mariposa, Anna KareNina and Carmela. She was also a co-host in the longest-running late-night variety TV show in the Philippines, Walang Tulugan with the Master Showman in which she showcase her talent in singing and hosting. Along with German Moreno and John Nite, she was one of the longest-serving hosts of the show. Santiago is also currently appearing in the hit TV show, Kapag Nahati ang Puso.

Carmela: Ang Pinakamagandang Babae sa Mundong Ibabaw
Carmela: Ang Pinakamagandang Babae sa Mundong Ibabaw (transl. Carmela: the most beautiful girl in the world) is a 2014 Philippine television drama romance series broadcast by GMA Network. Conceptualized by writer Suzette Doctolero and directed by Dominic Zapata, it stars Marian Rivera in the title role and Alden Richards. It premiered on January 27, 2014 on the network's Telebabad line up. The series concluded on May 23, 2014 with a total of 83 episodes.

The series is streaming online on YouTube.
Sheikh Ahmad (nobleman of Siam)
Sheikh Ahmad (Thai: เฉกอะหมัด; RTGS: Chek Amat; c. 1543–1631), also known as Ahmad Qomi or Ahmad Kuni (Persian: شیخ احمد قمی), was a Persian-born merchant who settled in the Ayutthaya Kingdom in the early 17th century. He rose to prominence as a powerful official at the Siamese court, receiving the name and title Chao Phya Boworn Rajnayok (Thai: เจ้าพระยาบวรราชนายก). He is recognised as the progenitor of the influential Bunnag family.

Chatusadom
Chatusadom or Catustambha (Thai: จตุสดมภ์ RTGS: Chatusadom, literally "Four Pillars" from Sanskrit Catur "Four" + Stambha "Pillars") was the Thai system of central executive governance during the Ayutthaya Kingdom, Thonburi Kingdom and Rattanakosin Kingdom from 1454 to 1892. For about four hundred years, it had served as the constitution of central government of Siam or Thailand until King Chulalongkorn organized Chatusadom into modern ministries and officially established the Cabinet on April 1, 1892.
Zhu Ci
Zhu Ci (Chinese: 朱泚; 742–784) was a Chinese military general, monarch, and rebel during the Tang dynasty. He initially served as military governor (Jiedushi) of Lulong Circuit (盧龍, headquartered in modern Beijing), but later became a general for the imperial government.  Resentful that he was removed from his command due to the rebellion by his brother Zhu Tao, when Emperor Dezong of Tang fled the capital Chang'an after a mutiny, Zhu Ci declared himself emperor of a new state of Qin (later changed to Han).  He was defeated and forced to flee Chang'an in 784 and was killed in flight.

Qin (state)
Qin (CHIN, /tʃɪn/, or Ch'in) was an ancient Chinese state during the Zhou dynasty. It is traditionally dated to 897 BC. The state of Qin originated from a reconquest of western lands that had previously been lost to the Xirong. Its location at the western edge of Chinese civilisation allowed for expansion and development that was not available to its rivals in the North China Plain.

After extensive reform during the 4th century BC, Qin emerged as one of the dominant powers among the Seven Warring States. It unified the seven states of China under Qin Shi Huang in 221 BC. This unification established the Qin dynasty, which, despite its short duration, had a significant influence on later Chinese history. Accordingly, the state of Qin before the Qin dynasty was established is also referred to as the "predynastic Qin" or "proto-Qin".
Burgruine Straßfried
Burgruine Straßfried is a castle in Carinthia, Austria. It is located next to the Austrian–Italian border by Arnoldstein in Carinthia.

The name of the castle means "Ruins of Castle Straßfried" and draws attention to its location and its earlier strategic importance. Straßfried lies on a forested hill at the junction of roads from Italy with another from the Gail River valley. The castle is first documented as Castrum Strazvrid in 1279, when the estate was captured by the Habsburg King Rudolf. It was left to the diocese of Bamberg. In the 13th century, the castle was expanded to guard the important trade routes the castle lay on.

Of the original twin-tower facility, only the eastern of the two has been preserved. Considerable parts of the wall still remain, but only small parts of the palace are intact. It was severely damaged during the Napoleonic Wars by French forces, who blew up part of the fortress in 1797 during their occupation of Strasbourg.

Carinthia
Carinthia (German: Kärnten [ˈkɛʁntn̩] ⓘ; Slovene: Koroška [kɔˈɾóːʃka] ⓘ or avstrijska Koroška; Italian: Carinzia [kaˈrintsja]) is the southernmost and least densely populated Austrian state, in the Eastern Alps, and is noted for its mountains and lakes. The Lake Wolayer is a mountain lake on the Carinthian side of the Carnic Main Ridge, near the Plöcken Pass. The main language is Austrian German, with its non-standard dialects belonging to the Southern Bavarian group; Carinthian Slovene dialects, forms of a South Slavic language that predominated in the southeastern part of the region up to the first half of the 20th century, are now spoken by a small minority in the area.

Carinthia's main industries are tourism, electronics, engineering, forestry, and agriculture.
Molus (Argive soldier)
In Greek mythology, the name Molus (/ˈmoʊləs/; Ancient Greek: Μῶλος Molos means "toil and moil") was a warrior from Argos who came with king Sthenelus to join the Trojan War. He was killed by Agenor, son of the Trojan elder, Antenor

Agenor
Agenor (Ancient Greek: Ἀγήνωρ, romanized: Agēnor, lit. 'heroic, manly') was in Greek mythology and history a Phoenician king of Tyre or Sidon. The Greek historian Herodotus (c. 484–425 BC), born in the city of Halicarnassus under the Achaemenid Empire, estimated that Agenor lived either 1000 or 1600 years prior to his visit to Tyre in 450 BC at the end of the Greco-Persian Wars (499–449 BC). He was said to have reigned in that city for 63 years.
Wellsville
Wellsville is the name of several locations in the United States:

Wellsville, Kansas

Wellsville, Missouri

Wellsville (town), New York

Wellsville (village), New York

Wellsville, Ohio

Wellsville, Pennsylvania

Wellsville, Utah

Wellsville, New York
Wellsville is a town and largest community in Allegany County, New York, United States. As of the 2020 census, the town had a population of 7,099.

Wellsville is centrally located in the south half of the county, 8 miles (13 km) north of the Pennsylvania border. Wellsville is also the name of the main village within this town. The village and the town have two separate, paid governments. Alfred State College maintains a branch campus in the town, with the main campus in Alfred 7 miles (11 km) east.
Outcast (video game)
Outcast is an action-adventure game developed by Appeal and released by Infogrames for Windows in 1999. The game was critically acclaimed and was named the "Adventure Game of the Year" by GameSpot in 1999. In 2001, Appeal developed a sequel, called Outcast II: The Lost Paradise, which was never finished due to bankruptcy. In 2010, Outcast was re-released via digital distribution on GOG. In 2014, Outcast was remastered as Outcast 1.1, after the original developers reacquired the franchise intellectual property. In 2017, a remake titled Outcast: Second Contact was released for Windows, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One. A sequel, Outcast: A New Beginning, was released for Windows, PlayStation 5 and Xbox Series X/S in  2024.

Video game remake
A video game remake is a video game closely adapted from an earlier title, usually for the purpose of modernizing a game with updated graphics for newer hardware and gameplay for contemporary audiences. Typically, a remake of such game software shares essentially the same title, fundamental gameplay concepts, and core story elements of the original game, although some aspects of the original game may have been changed for the remake.

Remakes are often made by the original developer or copyright holder, and sometimes by the fan community. If created by the community, video game remakes are sometimes also called fangames and can be seen as part of the retro gaming phenomenon.
Oliver Ongtawco
Oliver "Ollie" Opeda Ongtawco (born June 25, 1941; died June 8, 2020) was a Filipino bowler who represented the Philippines in international tournaments from the 1970s to the 1980s. He was the gold medalist of the men's single event of the 1979 FIQ WTBA World Tenpin Bowling Championships held at the Celebrity Sports Plaza in Quezon City out-besting Rogelio Felice of Venezuela.  He also clinched the silver medal in the 1983 edition of the same event in Caracas, Venezuela in the trio event with Paeng Nepomuceno and Rauel Reformado and was also a participant of 1975 World Cup in Makati.

He was named 1979 Philippine Sportswriters Association Bowler of the Year.

Ongtawco studied at the Colegio de San Juan de Letran.

He died on June 8, 2020, at age 78 due to a heart attack.

Bowler (ten-pin)
A bowler is someone participating in the sport of bowling, either as an amateur or professional. In American ten-pin bowling, a bowler is most commonly a member of a team of three to six people.  Most bowling leagues limit the number of team members to five, with alternates available as needed.

There are a number of bowling tournaments held around the world, both large-scale international events and small local competitions.  Professional bowlers in the USA are members of the Professional Bowlers Association (PBA).