hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ely Bruce Dewing
Ely Bruce Dewing (June 21, 1834 – August 7, 1902) was an American merchant and politician.

Born in French Creek, Chautauqua County, New York, Dewing moved to Elkhorn, Wisconsin Territory in 1843, From 1847 to 1854, Dewing lived in St. Joseph County, Michigan and then returned to Elkhorn. Ely held various county, town, and village offices and was a Republican. In 1879, Dewing served in the Wisconsin State Assembly. Dewing died at his home in Elkhorn, Wisconsin.

Chautauqua County, New York
Chautauqua County is the westernmost county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 127,657. Its county seat is Mayville, and its largest city is Jamestown. Its name is believed to be the lone surviving remnant of the Erie language, a tongue lost in the 17th century Beaver Wars; its meaning is unknown and a subject of speculation. The county was created in 1808 and organized in 1811. The county is part of the Western New York region of the state.

Chautauqua County comprises the Jamestown–Dunkirk–Fredonia, NY Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is located south east of Lake Erie and includes a small portion of the Cattaraugus Reservation of the Seneca.
Villingsberg's shooting range
59°17′22″N 14°42′15″E﻿ / ﻿59.28944°N 14.70417°E﻿ / 59.28944; 14.70417
Villingsberg's shooting range (Swedish: Villingsbergs skjutfält) is a military training field outside Villingsberg in Sweden, between Örebro in Karlskoga and Nora in Kilsbergen, on the border between Närke and Värmland. The range extends north-east and is located in close proximity to Bofors Test Center.

The 2019 IPSC Rifle World Shoot was hosted at the range from 3 to 10 August.

Örebro
Örebro (/ˌɜːrəˈbruː/ UR-ə-BROO; Swedish: [œrɛˈbruː] ⓘ) is the seventh-largest city in Sweden, the seat of Örebro Municipality, and capital of Örebro County. It is situated by the Närke Plain, near the lake Hjälmaren, a few kilometers inland along the small river Svartån, and has a population of approximately 126,000 in the city proper. It is one of the largest inland hubs of the country, and a major logistic and commercial operating site.

Örebro is home to Örebro University, a major university hospital, a medieval castle, the water park Gustavsvik as well as several large shopping malls and the Oset and Rynningeviken Nature Reserve adjacent to lake Hjälmaren.

Örebro is a trade and logistics city with a strategic location 200 km from Stockholm, 330 km from Oslo and 280 km from Gothenburg. The city is served by Örebro Airport 10 km (6 mi) southwest of the city, and by Örebro Central Station, serviced by the Mälaren Line and Western Main Line.
Won-il Rhee
Won-il Rhee (Korean: 이원일; Hanja: 李圓一; 2 November 1960 – 11 January 2011) was a South Korean digital art curator.  He was born and died in Seoul.

Rhee was the artistic director in 2002 and 2006 of the Media City Seoul Biennale. He was the leading curator of the Total Museum of Art and co-ordinator of the Korean Pavilion for the 1995 Venice Biennale. Also, he served as executive head of the exhibition team for the Third Gwangju Biennale and was one of the curators of the Fourth Prague Biennale in 2009.

From 1996 to 2002, he was head curator at the Sung-Kok Museum of Art and in 2002 he was appointed artistic director of the Media City Seoul Biennale. In 2003, he became chief curator at the Seoul Museum of Art. He also served as the Asian Editor for art publications such as Contemporary Magazine in London and Flash Art in Milan.

Flash Art
Flash Art is a contemporary art magazine, and an Italian and international publishing house. Originally published bilingually, both in Italian and in English, since 1978 is published in two separate editions, Flash Art Italia (Italian) and Flash Art International (English). Since September 2020, the magazine is seasonal, and said editions are published four times a year.

Flash Art extensively covered the Arte Povera artists in the 1960s, before they became known in the English-speaking world. It is especially known for featuring Andy Warhol's final interview before his death in 1987.

It also publishes Flash Art Czech & Slovak Edition and Flash Art Hungary.
Kmetija
Kmetija ("The Farm") is a Slovene reality show based on the Swedish franchise The Farm by Strix.  Since 2007, they have recorded the 14th season, the first 3 on Planet TV, and from the 4th on Pop TV. The contestants are fighting for 50,000 thousand euros.

Planet TV (Slovenian TV channel)
Planet TV is a Slovenian commercial television station with national coverage. It began broadcasting in September 2012 and is present on the market with three channels: Planet, Planet 2 and Planet Eva.

Planet TV broadcasts mainly entertainment and informational content with its three programs. The executive director is Pavel Stantchev, the program director is Alenka Medič, and the editor-in-chief of the news program Planet 18 is Uroš Urbanija.
Channel 51 low-power TV stations in the United States
The following low-power television stations broadcast on digital or analog channel 51 in the United States:

K51DR-D in Wenatchee, Washington

K51KR in Billings, Montana

KXAD-LD in Amarillo, Texas, to move to channel 23

The following television stations, which are no longer licensed, formerly broadcast on digital or analog channel 51:

K51AE in Monitor, etc., Washington

K51AQ-D in Ukiah, California

K51BD in Ellensburg, Washington

K51CP in Swauger Creek, California

K51EB in Seiling, Oklahoma

K51GB in Santa Maria, California

K51GG in Delta/Oak City, etc., Utah

K51JC in Huntsville, Utah

K54GK in Sioux City, Iowa

KAUI-LP in Wailuku, Hawaii

KPKS-LP in San Angelo, Texas

KTJA-LP in Victoria, Texas

KULX-LP in Ogden, Utah

W51CB in Burlington, Vermont

W51CV in Utica, New York

W51CW-D in Wilmington, North Carolina

W51DF in Manteo, North Carolina

W51DO in Hampton, Virginia

W51DU in Lafayette, Indiana

WNHX-LP in New Haven, Connecticut

God's Learning Channel
God's Learning Channel (GLC) is an American religious television network based in Odessa, Texas, which teaches a biblical point of view of Messianic Judaism. The network was founded in 1982 by Al and Tommie Cooper, who had the vision to share the teachings of Jesus Christ with Southeastern New Mexico. The network later grew to five television transmitters located in New Mexico and West Texas. While the focus of programming has been to teach believers their ties to the Bible and the spiritual world, it has expanded to cover a wide range of themes related  to the Land of Israel and the Jewish people, presenting Jesus, in Hebrew pronounced Yeshua, as the Jewish Messiah.

GLC provides 24-hour streaming media of its broadcast (accessible through the GLC website), as well as internet platforms, such as Roku.
Pat Ryan (curler)
Patrick J. C. Ryan (born September 28, 1955 in Winnipeg, Manitoba) is a Canadian curler originally from Edmonton, Alberta. Ryan is a former World Champion skip, and three time Brier champion. Ryan lives in Kelowna, British Columbia.

Kelowna
Kelowna (/kəˈloʊnə/ ⓘ kə-LOH-nə) is a city on Okanagan Lake in the Okanagan Valley in the southern interior of British Columbia, Canada. It serves as the head office of the Regional District of Central Okanagan. The name Kelowna derives from the Okanagan word kiʔláwnaʔ, referring to a grizzly bear.

Kelowna is the province's third-largest metropolitan area (after Vancouver and Victoria). It is the seventh-largest municipality in BC and the largest in the Interior. It is the 20th-largest metropolitan area in Canada. The city proper encompasses 214 km2 (83 sq mi), and the census metropolitan area 2,902.45 km2 (1,120.64 sq mi). Kelowna's population in 2025 is 165,907 in the city proper and 254,605 in the metro area.

Nearby communities include the City of West Kelowna (also referred to as Westbank and Westside) to the west, across Okanagan Lake; Lake Country and Vernon to the north; Peachland to the southwest; and Summerland and Penticton to the south.
Sam Dyson
Samuel Isaac Dyson (born May 7, 1988) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Toronto Blue Jays, Miami Marlins, Texas Rangers, San Francisco Giants, and Minnesota Twins. He played college baseball at South Carolina. Dyson is one of the few people to have won both a College World Series and a World Baseball Classic.

College World Series
The College World Series (CWS), officially the NCAA Men's College World Series (MCWS), is a baseball tournament held each June in Omaha, Nebraska. It is the culmination of the NCAA Division I baseball tournament—featuring 64 teams in the first round—which determines the champion of NCAA Division I level college baseball. The eight participating teams are split into two double-elimination brackets of four teams apiece, with the bracket winners playing in a best-of-three championship series.
ADP-sugar diphosphatase
In enzymology, an ADP-sugar diphosphatase (EC 3.6.1.21) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

ADP-sugar + H2O  AMP + alpha-D-aldose 1-phosphate

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ADP-sugar and H2O, whereas its two products are AMP and alpha-D-aldose 1-phosphate.

This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on acid anhydrides in phosphorus-containing anhydrides.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is ADP-sugar sugarphosphohydrolase. Other names in common use include ADP-sugar pyrophosphatase, and adenosine diphosphosugar pyrophosphatase.  This enzyme participates in 3 metabolic pathways: fructose and mannose metabolism, purine metabolism, and starch and sucrose metabolism.

Mannose
Mannose is a sugar with the formula HOCH2(CHOH)4CHO, which sometimes is abbreviated Man. It is one of the monomers of the aldohexose series of carbohydrates. It is a C-2 epimer of glucose. Mannose is important in human metabolism, especially in the glycosylation of certain proteins.  Several congenital disorders of glycosylation are associated with mutations in enzymes involved in mannose metabolism.

Mannose is not an essential nutrient; it can be produced in the human body from glucose, or converted into glucose. Mannose provides 2–5 kcal/g. It is partially excreted in the urine.
2026 Northern Super League season
The 2026 Northern Super League season will be the second season of the Northern Super League, the top level of women's Canadian soccer.

Vancouver Rise FC are the defending league champions, while AFC Toronto are the defending regular season winners.

The Sports Network
The Sports Network (TSN) is a Canadian English language discretionary sports specialty channel owned by CTV Specialty Television, a joint venture of Bell Media (80%) and ESPN Inc. (20%). TSN was established by the Labatt Brewing Company in 1984 as part of the first group of Canadian specialty cable channels. In 2013, TSN was the largest specialty channel in Canada in terms of gross revenue, with a total of CA$400.4 million in revenue.

TSN broadcasts primarily from studio facilities located at Bell Media Agincourt in the Scarborough neighbourhood of Toronto, Ontario. Stewart Johnston currently serves as president of TSN, a position he has held since 2010. TSN's networks focus on sports-related programming, including live and recorded event telecasts, sports talk shows, and other original programming.
Billy Seamon
William Edward Seamon (October 19, 1917 – April 25, 1992) was an American bridge player.

Seamon was born in Newark, New Jersey. He lived for years in Miami Beach, Florida, and died there on April 25, 1992, some time after a stroke.

One of his sons, Michael Seamon and his daughter Janice Seamon-Molson are also Bridge players.

Grand National Teams
The Grand National Teams (GNT) North American bridge championship is held at the summer American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) North American Bridge Championship (NABC).

The Grand National Teams is a team knockout event. The event is broken into four flights (Championship, A, B, C). The event is restricted to those who have qualified in their local ACBL district. No player on a flight A team can have more than 6,000 masterpoints. No player on a flight B team can have more than 2,500 masterpoints. No player on a flight C team can have more than 500 masterpoints, or be a Life Master.

All flights typically begin play on Wednesday, two days before the main NABC events.

The 2011 host district won Flights B and C in Toronto and thereby won the unofficial GNT Cup.
Texas Music Revolution
Texas Music Revolution is a Texas Country Music festival that began in 1997 and has been running for the past 14 years. The festival is hosted by KHYI-95.3 FM The Range, and sponsored by many businesses from the Dallas/Ft. Worth area as well as businesses from other parts of Texas such as Shiner Bock. The festival is traditionally (for the past 12 years) located at Southfork Ranch in Parker, TX.

In 2018, Texas Music Revolution or "TMR14" featured artists such as Merrol Ray, John David Kent, Walt Wilkins, Brandon Jenkins, and Hayes Carll.

KHYI
KHYI (95.3 FM) is a radio station with an alternative country music format, focusing on Texas music. The station's city of license is Howe, Texas; it serves the areas between the Metroplex and the Sherman/Denison area, making it a rimshot station. Studios are located along Greenville Avenue in north Dallas, and the transmitter site is northwest of Gunter in Grayson County.
Don Kirshner
Donald Kirshner (April 17, 1934 – January 17, 2011) was an American music publisher, music consultant, rock music producer, talent manager, and songwriter. Dubbed "the Man with the Golden Ear" by Time, he was best known for managing songwriting talent as well as successful pop groups including the Monkees, Kansas, and the Archies.

Music publisher
A music publisher is a type of publisher that specializes in distributing music. Music publishers originally published sheet music. When copyright became legally protected, music publishers began to play a significant role in the management of composers' intellectual property. Today, music publishers license compositions, collect royalties, and make sure songwriters and composers are paid when their work is used.
Casern
A casern, also spelled cazern or caserne, is a military barracks in a garrison town. In French-speaking countries, a caserne de pompier is a fire station.

In fortification, caserns are little rooms, lodgments, or apartments, erected between the ramparts, and the houses of fortified towns, or even on the ramparts themselves; to serve as lodgings for the soldiers of the garrison, to ease the garrison, in Portugal and Brazil "Quartel" (derived for 4 faces).

There are usually two beds in each casern, for six soldiers to lie, who mount the guard alternately; the third part being always on duty.

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chambers, Ephraim, ed. (1728). "Caserns". Cyclopædia, or an Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences (1st ed.). James and John Knapton, et al. p. 166.

Ephraim Chambers
Ephraim Chambers (c. 1680 – 15 May 1740) was an English writer and encyclopaedist, who is primarily known for producing the Cyclopaedia, or an Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences. Chambers' Cyclopædia is known as the original source material for the French Encyclopédie that started off as a translation of Cyclopædia.
Anton G. Schauer
Anton G. Schauer (June 13, 1860 – May 2, 1932) was an American businessman, educator, and politician.

Born in the town of Mishicot, Manitowoc County, Wisconsin, Schauer moved to Kewaunee County, Wisconsin and settled in Tisch Mills, Wisconsin, where he taught school, farmed, and worked as an assistant cashier for the Farmers and Merchants Bank of Kewaunee. Schauer served as sheriff, clerk of the Wisconsin Circuit Court and register of deeds for Kewaunee County. Schauer was a Republican. He served as postmaster for Norman, Wisconsin. In 1905, 1907, 1927, and 1929, Schauer served in the Wisconsin State Assembly. Schauer died in a hospital in Green Bay, Wisconsin following major surgery.

Manitowoc County, Wisconsin
Manitowoc County (/ˈmænɪtəwɒk/ ⓘ MAN-it-ə-wok) is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 81,359. Its county seat is Manitowoc. The county was created in 1836 prior to Wisconsin's statehood and organized in 1848. Manitowoc County comprises the Manitowoc, WI Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Großhennersdorf
Großhennersdorf (Upper Sorbian: Wjelikohennersdorf) is a village and a former municipality in Görlitz district, Saxony, Germany. Since 1 January 2011, it is part of the town Herrnhut. The Bundesstraße 178 connects Großhennersdorf with Löbau and Zittau.

The town was founded in 1296. The town is best known perhaps as the home of Henriette Catharina von Gersdorff m.n. von Friesen, the widow of the Governor of Upper Lusatia, Nicolaus Baron von Gersdorf.  The Katharinenhof school is named for her. She raised her grandson, Nicolaus Ludwig, Imperial Count von Zinzendorf und Pottendorf (1700–1760), the Renewer of the Unitas Fratrum i.e. Moravian Church, in the Castle (now in ruins) in Großhennersdorf. She was an extremely talented, well educated woman, conversant in several languages, an author and poet, with connections all over Europe.

The municipality subdivisions include Großhennersdorf, Neundorf, Schönbrunn, Euldorf and Heuscheune.

Görlitz (district)
Görlitz district (German: Landkreis Görlitz; Upper Sorbian: Wokrjes Zhorjelc [ˈwɔkʁʲɛs ˈzhɔʁʲɛlts]; Czech: Zemský okres Zhořelec; Polish: Powiat Zgorzelec) is a district (Kreis) in Saxony, and the easternmost in Germany. It is named after its capital Görlitz. It borders (from the west and clockwise) the district of Bautzen, the state of Brandenburg, Poland and the Czech Republic.
European green toad
The European green toad (Bufotes viridis) is a species of true toad found in steppes, mountainous areas, semi-deserts, urban areas and other habitats in mainland Europe, ranging from far eastern France and Denmark to the Balkans, Western Russia and the Caucasus. As historically defined, the species ranged east through the Middle East and Central Asia to western China, Mongolia and northwestern India, and south through Italy and the Mediterranean islands to North Africa.

Following genetic and morphological reviews, 14 populations (all largely or entirely Asian, except for the African and Balearic green toads) are now regarded as separate species. These species and the European green toad are placed in their own genus Bufotes, but they were included in Bufo.

Continental Europe
Continental Europe or mainland Europe is the contiguous mainland of Europe, excluding its surrounding islands. It can also be referred to ambiguously as the European continent, – which can conversely mean the whole of Europe – and, by some, simply as the Continent. When Eurasia is regarded as a single continent, Europe is treated both as a continent and subcontinent.
NGC 2441
NGC 2441 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the northern constellation of Camelopardalis. Its velocity with respect to the cosmic microwave background is 3492 ± 2 km/s, which corresponds to a Hubble distance of 168.0 ± 11.8 Mly (51.51 ± 3.61 Mpc). In addition, 16 non-redshift measurements give a distance of 176.16 ± 16.80 Mly (54.012 ± 5.151 Mpc). The galaxy was discovered by German astronomer Wilhelm Tempel on 8 August 1882.

According to A.M. Garcia, NGC 2441 is a member of the NGC 2523 galaxy group (also known as LGG 154). This group contains five galaxies, including NGC 2523, NGC 2550A, UGC 4041, and UGC 4199.

One supernova has been observed in NGC 2441. SN1995E (type Ia, mag. 15) was discovered by Alessandro Gabrielcic on 20 February 1995, and observations suggested it may display a light echo, where light from the supernova is reflected from matter along our line of sight, making it appear to "echo" outwards from the source.

Light echo
A light echo is a physical phenomenon caused by light reflected off surfaces distant from the source, and arriving at the observer with a delay relative to this distance. The phenomenon is analogous to an echo of sound, but due to the much faster speed of light, it mostly manifests itself only over astronomical distances.

For example, a light echo is produced when a sudden flash from a nova is reflected off a cosmic dust cloud, and arrives at the viewer after a longer duration than it otherwise would have taken with a direct path. Because of their geometries, light echoes can produce the illusion of superluminal motion.
Militär-Apparat MA-7
The Militär-Apparat MA-7, also known as the Häfeli MA-7 and K & W MA-7, was a prototype fighter designed by August Häfeli in Switzerland. It flew in two different engine configurations, neither of which were deemed satisfactory and so the type did not enter series production. However, it did achieve a Swiss record for flying at an altitude of 9,800 metres (32,200 feet) above sea level in 1926.

Hispano-Suiza 8
The Hispano-Suiza 8 is a water-cooled V8 SOHC aero engine introduced by Hispano-Suiza in 1914 that went on to become the most commonly used liquid-cooled engine in the aircraft of the Entente Powers during the First World War. The original Hispano-Suiza 8A was rated at 140 hp (100 kW) and the later, larger displacement Hispano-Suiza 8F reached 330 hp (250 kW).

Hispano-Suiza 8 engines and variants produced by Hispano-Suiza and other companies under licence were built in twenty-one factories in Spain, France, Britain, Italy, and the U.S.  Derivatives of the engine were also used abroad to power numerous aircraft types and the engine can be considered as the ancestor of another successful engine by the same designer, the Hispano-Suiza 12Y (and Soviet Klimov V12 derivative aero-engines) which was in service during the Second World War.
Mercan, Adaklı
Mercan is a village in the Adaklı District, Bingöl Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Şadiyan tribe and had a population of 195 in 2021.

The hamlets of Ayranlı, Çarıklı, Çomak, İkiz, Kereşan, Kustüyon, Merzon yaylası, Şehit, Taşevler, Yukarımercan and Zabık are attached to the village.

Bingöl Province
Bingöl Province (Turkish: Bingöl ili; Kurdish: Parêzgeha Çewlîg; Zazaki: Wîlayetî Çewlîg; Armenian: Ճապաղջուր զավառ) is a province of Turkey. The province was known as Çapakçur Province (Armenian: Ճապաղջուր, lit. 'spread out water') before 1945 when it was renamed as Bingöl Province. Its area is 8,003 km2, and its population is 282,556 (2022). The province encompasses 11 municipalities, 325 villages and 693 hamlets.

The town of Genç was the scene of origin for the Sheikh Said rebellion in 1925 and most of the region was captured by the rebels during the rebellion.

As the current Governor of the province, Ahmet Hamdi Usta was appointed by the president in August 2023.
Boca Grande Causeway
The Boca Grande Causeway is a causeway located in Charlotte County, Florida, connecting the community of Boca Grande on Gasparilla Island with the mainland near Placida. The 2.5-mile (4.0 km) causeway crosses Gasparilla Sound and consists of three bridges, and is the only vehicular access to the island.

Causeway
A causeway is a track, road or railway on the upper point of an embankment across "a low, or wet place, or piece of water". It can be constructed of earth, masonry, wood, or concrete. One of the earliest known wooden causeways is the Sweet Track in the Somerset Levels, England, which dates from the Neolithic age. Timber causeways may also be described as both boardwalks and bridges.
2025 Mercer Tennis Classic – Doubles
Sophie Chang and Katarzyna Kawa were the defending champions but they chose not to participate.

Ayana Akli and Eryn Cayetano won the title, after defeating Rasheeda McAdoo and Angella Okutoyi 6–7(4–7), 6–2, [16–14] in the final.

Ayana Akli
Ayana Akli (born July 6, 2001) is an American professional tennis player. She has career-high rankings of No. 285 in singles, achieved on August 11, 2025, and No. 171 in doubles, achieved on August 11, 2025. She played collegiate tennis at the University of Maryland and the University of South Carolina.