hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Leirsund Station
Leirsund Station is a railway station at Leirsund in Skedsmo, Norway on the Trunk Line. It is served by an hourly services, R13 by Vy. The station was opened in 1859, five years after the rest of Hovedbanen. When the Gardermoen Line was built in 1998 Leirsund was rebuilt and slightly moved.

Vy
Vygruppen, branded as Vy, formerly the Norwegian State Railways (Norwegian: Norges Statsbaner, NSB), is a government-owned railway company which operates most passenger train services and many bus services in Norway. The company is owned by the Norwegian Ministry of Transport. Its sub-brands include Vy Buss coach services, CargoNet freight trains and the Swedish train transport company Tågkompaniet.  In 2009, NSB carried 52 million train passengers and 104 million bus passengers.  On 24 April 2019, passenger train and bus services were rebranded as Vy.

The company was established as the Norwegian State Railways (1883–1996). In 1996 the company was split into the new NSB, the infrastructure company, Jernbaneverket and the Norwegian Railway Inspectorate. In 2002, the freight operations were split to the subsidiary CargoNet, and the maintenance department became Mantena. It was controversially renamed Vygruppen in 2019; the then-opposition parties vowed to reverse the name change.
Władysław Szerner
Władysław Szerner (Warsaw, 3 June 1836 - Unterhaching, 4 January 1915) was a Polish painter.

He studied at the Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw from 1862 and from 1865 at the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich.

After his studies, he stayed in Munich and worked mainly as a horse painter. With his friend Józef Brandt, he travelled through Volhynia and Ukraine.

He was a member of the Kunstverein München (1874-1909).

His son, Władysław Karol Szerner (1870—1936), was also a painter; he used to sign as Władysław Szerner Jr. and he often copied painting by his father.

Volhynia
Volhynia or Volynia (/voʊˈlɪniə/ voh-LIN-ee-ə; see #Names and etymology) is a historic region in Central and Eastern Europe, between southeastern Poland, southwestern Belarus, and northwestern Ukraine. The borders of the region are not clearly defined, but in Ukraine it is roughly equivalent to Volyn Oblast, Rivne Oblast, and the northern part of the Khmelnytskyi Oblast and Ternopil Oblast. The territory that still carries the name is Volyn Oblast.

Volhynia has changed hands numerous times throughout history and been divided among competing powers. For centuries it was part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. After the Russian annexation during the Partitions of Poland, all of Volhynia was made part of the Pale of Settlement on the southwestern border of the Russian Empire. Important cities include Rivne, Lutsk, Zviahel, and Volodymyr.
Mzoura, Morocco
Mzoura is a small town and rural commune in Settat Province of the Chaouia-Ouardigha region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 10194 people living in 1769 households.

Chaouia-Ouardigha
Chaouia-Ouardigha (Arabic: الشاوية ورديغة) was formerly one of the sixteen regions of Morocco from 1997 to 2015. It was situated in north-central Morocco in the historical region of Chaouia. It covered an area of 7,010 km² and had a population of 1,893,950 (2014 census). The capital was Settat.

The last Wali (governor) of the region was Mohamed Moufakkir.
Hasanabad, Kharanaq
Hasanabad (Persian: حسن اباد, also Romanized as Ḩasanābād; also known as Hasan Abad Bahabad) is a village in Zarrin Rural District, Kharanaq District, Ardakan County, Yazd Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 19, in 7 families.

Yazd province
Yazd province (Persian: استان یزد) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran and is in the center of the country. Its capital is the city of Yazd. In 2014, it was placed in Region 5. The province has an area of 76,469 km2.
Andy Nevala
Andrew Eric Nevala (born May 9, 1972) is an American jazz pianist and music educator who was born in Aurora, Colorado. A son of a military veteran, he attended grade school in Hahn, Germany, and then Sumter, South Carolina, and graduated from Mountain Home High School, Idaho.

Sumter, South Carolina
Sumter (/ˈsʌmtər/ SUM-tər) is a city in and the county seat of Sumter County, South Carolina, United States. The city makes up the Sumter, SC Metropolitan Statistical Area. Sumter County, along with Clarendon and Lee counties, form the core of Sumter–Lee–Clarendon tri-county (or East Midlands) area of South Carolina that includes three counties straddling the border of the Sandhills (or Midlands), Pee Dee, and Lowcountry regions. The population was 43,463 at the 2020 census, making it the 9th-most populous city in the state.
Lac-Mégantic, Quebec
Lac-Mégantic (French pronunciation: [lak meɡɑ̃tik]) is a town in the Estrie region of Quebec, Canada. It is located on Lac Mégantic, a freshwater lake after which the town was named. Situated in the former Frontenac County in the historic Eastern Townships, Lac-Mégantic is the seat of Le Granit Regional County Municipality and of the judicial district of Mégantic.

Lac-Mégantic is a tourist destination and a producer of forestry products, furniture, Masonite doors, particleboard, and architectural granite.

On July 6, 2013, the Lac-Mégantic rail disaster led to a massive fire and a deadly explosion of petroleum tank cars that destroyed many downtown buildings and killed 47 people.

Eastern Townships
45°28′53″N 71°40′04″W﻿ / ﻿45.4814°N 71.6678°W﻿ / 45.4814; -71.6678

The Eastern Townships (French: Cantons de l'Est, pronounced [kɑ̃tɔ̃ də lɛst]) is a historical administrative region in southeastern Quebec, Canada. It lies between the St. Lawrence Lowlands and the American border, and extends from Granby in the southwest to Drummondville in the northeast. Its largest city is Sherbrooke. Since 1987, most of the area is within the administrative region of Estrie, which covers nearly 12,500 km² and is composed of eight regional county municipalities (MRCs) along with the city of Sherbrooke. With the exception of its eastern portion around Lake Mégantic and the upper Chaudière River, the region largely corresponds to the middle and upper basin of the Saint-François River, fed by major lakes such as Lake Memphrémagog, Lake Magog, Lake Massawippi, Lake Aylmer, and Grand Lake Saint-François.
Ready to Fly (Jamie Grace album)
Ready to Fly is the second studio album by Christian singer Jamie Grace, released on January 28, 2014 on the Gotee Records label. The album was produced by Chuck Butler, David Garcia and Christopher Stevens.

David Garcia (musician)
David Arthur Garcia (born January 18, 1983) is an American record producer and songwriter. He has received four Grammy Awards, and has won nine GMA Dove Awards, for his songwriting and record production. He was honored with the ASCAP Christian songwriter on the year award, in 2015. He co-wrote and produced the smash hit single "Meant to Be" with Bebe Rexha featuring Florida Georgia Line, and co-produced "Let You Down" by NF.
Bernard Chazelle
Bernard Chazelle (born November 5, 1955) is a French computer scientist. He is the Eugene Higgins Professor of Computer Science at Princeton University. Much of his work is in computational geometry, where he is known for his study of algorithms, such as linear-time triangulation of a simple polygon, as well as major complexity results, such as lower bound techniques based on discrepancy theory. He is also known for his invention of the soft heap data structure and the most asymptotically efficient known deterministic algorithm for finding minimum spanning trees.

Upper and lower bounds
In mathematics, particularly in order theory, an upper bound or majorant of a subset S of some preordered set (K, ≤) is an element of K that is greater than or equal to every element of S.
Dually, a lower bound or minorant of S is defined to be an element of K that is less than or equal to every element of S. 
A set with an upper (respectively, lower) bound is said to be bounded from above or majorized (respectively bounded from below or minorized) by that bound. 
The terms bounded above (bounded below) are also used in the mathematical literature for sets that have upper (respectively lower) bounds.
Front Lines (Hell on Earth)
"Front Lines (Hell on Earth)" is the official first single from Mobb Deep's Hell on Earth album, released in 1996. The song is listed on the album as "Hell on Earth (Front Lines)". The song samples "October Ballade" by Stanley Clarke, Chick Corea, Joe Henderson, Freddie Hubbard, and Lenny White.

The song is also included on the best of album Life of the Infamous: The Best of Mobb Deep.

Odd Future member Domo Genesis used the instrumental for his song "Benediction" from his 2011 mixtape Under the Influence.

Mc Circulaire (play on word with circular saw) used the instrumental for his song "Demain c'est trop tard" (tomorrow is too late) as a response to IAM's " Demain c'est loin" (tomorrow is far away) that ends the album "L'école du micro d'argent".

Life of the Infamous: The Best of Mobb Deep
Life of the Infamous: The Best of Mobb Deep is the greatest hits album from Queensbridge rap duo Mobb Deep, made up of rappers Prodigy and Havoc. It contains songs dating back to their 1993 debut album, Juvenile Hell, through their 2004 album, Amerikaz Nightmare. No Blood Money songs are on the album since those tracks are owned by Universal Music Group, not Sony Music Entertainment, the label that released this album. The disc includes "Blood Money" and "Go Head," two previously unreleased tracks. "Keep It Thoro" is the only song featured on a non-Mobb Deep album (Prodigy's H.N.I.C.).
Krasny Kamysh
Krasny Kamysh (Russian: Красный Камыш) is a rural locality (a khutor) in Soldatsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Fatezhsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population:  11 (2010 Census); 25 (2002 Census); 24 (1989 Soviet census).

Fatezhsky District
Fatezhsky District (Russian: Фате́жский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-eight in Kursk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northern part of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,281 square kilometers (495 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Fatezh. Population: 16,771 (2021 Census); 18,885 (2010 Census);  23,194 (2002 Census); 29,745 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Fatezh accounts for 28.0% of the district's total population.
Zelten oil field
The Zelten oil field (now known as the Nasser field) is located at the foot of the Zelten Mountains, about 169 kilometres (105 mi)  south of Brega in Concession 6. Zelten holds the title as the largest oil field in the Gulf of Sidra. The 229 wells in Zelten use a gas lifting system.

The Zelten oil field is not associated with the town Zaltan/Zelten, which is located in the North-West corner of Libya, nor with the South Tyrolean fruitcake Zelten.

Petroleum reservoir
A petroleum reservoir or oil and gas reservoir is a subsurface accumulation of hydrocarbons contained in porous or fractured rock formations. Such reservoirs form when kerogen (ancient plant matter) is created in surrounding rock by the presence of high heat and pressure in the Earth's crust.

Reservoirs are broadly classified as conventional and unconventional reservoirs. In conventional reservoirs, the naturally occurring hydrocarbons, such as crude oil (petroleum) or natural gas, are trapped by overlying rock formations with lower permeability, while in unconventional reservoirs the rocks have high porosity and low permeability, which keeps the hydrocarbons trapped in place, therefore not requiring a cap rock. Reservoirs are found using hydrocarbon exploration methods.
2003 European Promotion Cup for Junior Men
The 2003 European Promotion Cup for Junior Men was the fourth edition of the basketball European Promotion Cup for Junior Men, today known as the FIBA U18 European Championship Division C. It was played in Malta from 26 to 30 August 2003. Albania men's national under-18 basketball team won the tournament.

FIBA U18 EuroBasket
The FIBA U18 EuroBasket, formerly the FIBA U18 European Championship, and originally the FIBA European Championship for Juniors is an annual men's youth basketball competition contested by the under-18 national teams from FIBA Europe.

The inaugural tournament was in 1964, and was held biennially until 2002. Since 2004, the competition has been played every year. The tournament serves as qualification for the FIBA Under-19 World Cup in even numbered years. The current champions are Spain.
Alfonso de Angoitia
Alfonso de Angoitia Noriega  is co-CEO of Grupo Televisa, S.A., one of the main cable TV operators in Mexico (Izzi Telecom), the leading satellite pay television system in the country (Sky México), and the leading media company in the Spanish-speaking world.

Sky México
Sky México, a trading name of Corporacion Novavision S. DE R.L. DE C.V., is a company that operates a subscription television service in Mexico, Central America and Dominican Republic. It produces TV content, and owns several TV channels. It is one of Mexico's leading pay-TV providers and is owned by Grupo Televisa. As of 2022, Sky Mexico had a 59% share of the subscription TV market.
Voter identification laws in Pennsylvania
Laws have been made governing voter registration and voter identification (voter ID) in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. Currently, only first-time voters are required to produce ID when voting in elections. A law passed in 2012 by the Pennsylvania State Legislature required all voters to produce ID. This law was overturned in 2014 in the Commonwealth Court on constitutional grounds.

Pennsylvania General Assembly
The Pennsylvania General Assembly is the state legislature of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. It is a bicameral body consisting of an upper house, the Pennsylvania State Senate, with 50 members, and a lower house, the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, with 203 members. The legislature convenes in the State Capitol building in Harrisburg.

During colonial times (1682–1776), the legislature was known as the Pennsylvania Provincial Assembly and was unicameral. Since the Constitution of 1776, the legislature has been known as the General Assembly. The General Assembly became a bicameral legislature in 1791.
C++ Report
C++ Report was a bi-monthly professional computer magazine published by SIGS Publications Group. It was edited by Robert Murray, Stanley B. Lippman, Douglas C. Schmidt, Brad Appleton, Robert Cecil Martin, and Herb Sutter and aimed to cover various issues related to C++ programming language. It was recognized as an important publication related to C++.

Computer magazine
Computer magazines are about computers and related subjects, such as networking and the Internet. Most computer magazines offer (or offered) advice, some offer programming tutorials, reviews of the latest technologies, and advertisements.
Aliabad, Kalatrazan
Aliabad (Persian: علي آباد, also Romanized as ‘Alīābād) is a village in Kalatrazan Rural District, Kalatrazan District, Sanandaj County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 697, in 146 families. The village is populated by Kurds.

Kalatrazan Rural District
Kalatrazan Rural District (Persian: دهستان كلاترزان) is in Kalatrazan District of Sanandaj County, Kurdistan province, Iran. It is administered from the city of Shuyesheh. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Negel.
Signal patch
A protein signal patch contains information to send a given protein to the indicated location in the cell. It is made up of amino acid residues that are distant to one another in the primary sequence, but come close to each other in the tertiary structure of the folded protein (see red patch in the diagram). Signal patches, unlike some signal sequences, are not cleaved from the mature protein after sorting. They are very difficult to predict. Nuclear localization signals are often signal patches although signal sequences also exist. They are found on proteins destined for the nucleus and enable their selective transport from the cytosol into the nucleus through the nuclear pore complexes.

Protein primary structure
Protein primary structure is the linear sequence of amino acids in a peptide or protein. By convention, the primary structure of a protein is reported starting from the amino-terminal (N) end to the carboxyl-terminal (C) end. Protein biosynthesis is most commonly performed by ribosomes in cells. Peptides can also be synthesized in the laboratory. Protein primary structures can be directly sequenced, or inferred from DNA sequences.
Norwegian National Road 13
National Road 13 (Norwegian: Riksvei 13, Rv13) is a national road which runs from the town of Stavanger in Rogaland county to the village of Sogndalsfjøra in Vestland county.  The route is 449.9 kilometers (279.6 mi) long and runs south–north through Rogaland and Vestland counties, following a more inland path than the European route E39 highway.

Prior to 2019, the northern terminus of the road was at the village of Balestrand, but in 2019, the section of Norwegian County Road 55 from Balestrand to Sogndalsfjøra was added to National Road 13, extending it all the way to Sogndalsfjøra. In 2020, a new tunnel was opened between Stavanger and Tau, Ryfylke Tunnel, the world's deepest public road tunnel. National Road 13 was then rerouted through this tunnel, making it end in Stavanger instead of Sandnes. The road between Tau and Sandnes which has a ferry crossing (Oanes to Lauvika across the Høgsfjorden) became a county road.

Høgsfjorden
Høgsfjorden is a fjord in Rogaland county, Norway. It lies in the municipalities of Stavanger, Sandnes, Strand, and Gjesdal. The innermost part of the fjord is located at the village of Frafjord in the municipality of Gjesdal. It flows west to Dirdal and then heads northwards. At the village of Forsand, the Lysefjord branches off to the northeast. The Høgsfjorden continues to the northwest past the islands of Idsal and Idse before emptying into the Horgefjorden (just east of the city of Stavanger) and ultimately into the vast Boknafjorden.

The 23-kilometre (14 mi) long fjord is about 1,500 metres (4,900 ft) wide and has a maximum depth of 170 metres (560 ft).  The innermost part of the fjord from Dirdal to Frafjord is also known as the Frafjorden.  There is a regular ferry crossing about midway through the fjord connecting the villages of Forsand and Høle.
Gavin de Becker and Associates
Gavin de Becker and Associates (GDBA) is a security and consulting firm that offers personal protection detail services to individuals and businesses. Headquartered in Los Angeles, the company operates in 27 cities and seven countries.

Consultant
A consultant (from Latin: consultare "to deliberate") is a professional (also known as expert, specialist, see variations of meaning below) who provides advice or services in an area of specialization (generally to medium or large-size corporations). Consulting services generally fall under the domain of professional services, as contingent work.

The Harvard Business School defines a consultant as someone who advises on "how to modify, proceed in, or streamline a given process within a specialized field".
Creole sauce
Creole sauce, also referred to as "red gravy", creole tomato sauce, and sauce piquante in New Orleans, is a Creole cuisine, Haitian cuisine, and New Orleans cuisine sauce made by sauteeing vegetables in butter and olive oil. It is used in the American south. It is made with tomatoes, the Cajun holy trinity (celery, bell peppers, and onions), garlic, seasonings, and herbs. Stock (usually chicken) is also used, and  it is seasoned with cayenne, hot sauce, bay leaf, salt, black pepper, thyme, and parsley.

Cayenne pepper
The cayenne pepper is a type of Capsicum annuum. It is usually a hot chili pepper used to flavor dishes. Cayenne peppers are a group of tapering, 10 to 25 cm long, generally skinny, mostly red-colored peppers, often with a curved tip and somewhat rippled skin, which hang from the bush as opposed to growing upright. Most varieties are generally rated at 30,000 to 50,000 Scoville units.

The fruits are generally dried and ground to make the powdered spice of the same name. However, cayenne powder may be a blend of different types of peppers, quite often not containing cayenne peppers, and may or may not contain the seeds.

Cayenne is used in cooking spicy dishes either as a powder or in its whole form. It is also used as an herbal supplement, due to its active compound, capsaicin. They are also nutritious and they are especially rich in provitamin A, carotenoids and vitamin C.
Thomas Jolly
Thomas Jolly is a French actor and artistic director of La Piccola Familia, a theatre company that he founded in Rouen in 2006.

Jolly's early life in Normandy was marked by a strong interest in theater, performing from a young age in his hometown of La Rue-Saint-Pierre. He began acting in 1993 and joined the children's theatre company, Théâtre d'enfants, in Rouen. He later studied theatre at the University of Caen and the National School of the Théâtre National de Bretagne in Rennes, where he directed his first play, Jean-Luc Lagarce's "Photography".

In 2006, Jolly established La Piccola Familia. He directed the national drama center Le Quai d'Angers from January 1, 2020, until November 2022. He was the artistic director of the opening and closing ceremonies for the 2024 Summer Olympic Games and also the   opening and closing ceremonies for the 2024 Summer Paralympic Games  in Paris, the former of which was criticized by Christian denominations and socially conservative politicians.

Toâ
Toâ is a 1949 French comedy film directed by Sacha Guitry and starring Guitry, Lana Marconi and Mireille Perrey. It is an adaptation of Guitry's own play of the same title. Location shooting took place around the Théâtre du Gymnase in Paris. The film's sets were designed by the art director Nersès Bartau.
William Tabor
William Clifton Tabor (13 December 1842 – 24 May 1867) was an English cricketer.

The son of Charles Tabor, he was born at Bloomsbury in December 1842. He later studied at Brasenose College, Oxford. Tabor made two appearances, the first coming for Middlesex against the Surrey Club at The Oval in 1862, with his second match coming for Southgate against Oxford University in 1863 at Oxford. Tabor died at Brighton in May 1867.

Middlesex county cricket team (pre-1864)
Until 1863, the Middlesex county cricket team, always known as Middlesex, was organised by individual patrons and other groups. The team has been traced back to 1729, although for long periods in the 18th century, the county was secondary to the London Cricket Club which played at the Artillery Ground. Middlesex played at various grounds throughout what is now the Greater London area. Venues in Islington and Uxbridge were often used, but some "home" matches were played on Kennington Common or in Berkshire.

Middlesex played even less frequently in the 19th century until 1859, when the Walker family of Southgate became involved in county cricket. Depending on the strength of the opposition, the Middlesex team played important matches from 1729 until the formation of Middlesex County Cricket Club on 15 December 1863.