hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
H. J. McCloskey
Henry John McCloskey (1925–2000) was an Australian moral philosopher and writer. McCloskey was Professor of Philosophy at La Trobe University in Melbourne. After graduating from the University of Melbourne, he had appointments at the University of Western Australia and the University of Melbourne before taking up a chair at La Trobe. He was president of the Australasian Association of Philosophy in 1978.

McCloskey is known for his sheriff scenario, a thought experiment he used to criticize "extreme" utilitarianism, or what later came to be known as act utilitarianism. He was married to Mary Agnes McCloskey. McCloskey was an atheist. He argued that the problem of evil provides conclusive evidence against theism. McCloskey was a noted critic of animal rights. McCloskey stated that animals cannot have moral rights but they can be given legal rights.

Australasian Association of Philosophy
The Australasian Association of Philosophy (AAP) is the peak body for philosophy in Australasia. The chief purpose of the AAP is to promote philosophy in Australia, New Zealand, and Singapore. Among the means that it follows to achieve this end, the AAP runs an annual conference, publishes two journals, awards various prizes, sponsors postgraduate and undergraduate philosophical activities, maintains affiliations with numerous other organisations that aim to promote philosophy and philosophical activity, and promotes philosophy in schools, cafes, pubs, and everywhere else that philosophy may be found.
Fontenelle Forest
Fontenelle Forest is a 1,500-acre (6 km2) forest, located in Bellevue, Nebraska. Its visitor features include hiking trails, a nature center, children's camps, a gift shop, and picnic facilities. The forest is listed as a National Natural Landmark and a National Historic District. The forest includes hardwood deciduous forest, extensive floodplain, loess hills, and marshlands.

Fontenelle's Post
Fontenelle's Post, first known as Pilcher's Post, and the site of the later city of Bellevue, was built in 1822 in the Nebraska Territory by Joshua Pilcher, then president of the Missouri Fur Company.  Located on the west side of the Missouri River, it developed as one of the first European-American settlements in Nebraska.  The Post served as a center for trading with local Omaha, Otoe, Missouri, and Pawnee tribes.

In 1828 Lucien Fontenelle, a French-American fur trader representing the American Fur Company, bought the post and became the lead agent.  In 1832 he sold the post to the US Government, which used it for the Missouri River Indian Agency (or Bellevue Agency) until about 1842.

The Post also served as the first home of Moses and Eliza Merrill, Baptist missionaries who arrived in 1833. The US Indian agent offered them the trading post building as a temporary home. In 1835 the Merrills founded the first Christian mission in Nebraska Territory to serve the Otoe.
Fujiwara no Norimichi
Fujiwara no Norimichi (藤原 教通; July 29, 996 – November 6, 1075), fifth son of Michinaga, was a kugyo of the Heian period. His mother was Minamoto no Rinshi (源 倫子), daughter of Minamoto no Masanobu. Regent Yorimichi, Empress Shōshi (consort of Emperor Ichijō), Empress Kenshi (consort of Emperor Sanjō) were his brother and sisters from the same mother. In 1068, the year when his daughter married Emperor Go-Reizei, he took the position of Kampaku, regent. He, however, lost the power when Emperor Go-Sanjo, who was not a relative of the Fujiwara clan, assumed the throne. This contributed to the later decline of the Fujiwara clan.

Kugyō
Kugyō (公卿) is the collective term for the most important officials attached to the court of the Emperor of Japan in pre-Meiji eras. The term generally referred to the Kō (公) and Kei (卿) court officials and denoted a court rank between First Rank and Third Rank under the Ritsuryō system, as opposed to the lower court nobility, thus being the collective term for the upper court nobility. However, later on some holders of the Fourth Rank were also included.

In 1869, following the Meiji Restoration, the court nobility and daimyo were merged into a new peerage, the kazoku.
Female (song)
"Female" is a song written by Shane McAnally, Nicolle Galyon, and Ross Copperman and recorded by Australian and American country music artist Keith Urban. It was released in November 2017 as the first single from Urban's 2018 album Graffiti U.  Urban debuted the song live on the 51st Annual Country Music Association Awards that same day.

Shane McAnally
Shane Lamar McAnally (born October 12, 1974) is an American country music singer, songwriter, and record producer. He debuted as a singer in 1999 with his self-titled album on Curb Records. This project produced three singles on the Billboard Hot Country Songs charts, including "Are Your Eyes Still Blue".

After a hiatus from music, McAnally returned to songwriting, having his first major success with "Last Call" by Lee Ann Womack in 2008. From the early 2010s onward, McAnally has worked almost exclusively as a songwriter and producer. Artists with whom he has worked include Old Dominion, Midland, and Kacey Musgraves. He has won four Grammy Awards and multiple awards from the Country Music Association (CMA). In 2023, he collaborated with Brandy Clark in writing the musical Shucked.
Bağlıca, Adıyaman
Bağlıca (Kurdish: Bûwikan) is a village in the Adıyaman District, Adıyaman Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Kawan tribe and had a population of 326 in 2021.

The hamlets of Seyitevleri and Sincik are attached to the village.

Adıyaman District
Adıyaman District (Turkish: merkez ilçe, meaning "central district") is a district of Adıyaman Province of Turkey. Its seat is the city Adıyaman. Its area is 1,814 km2, and its population is 312,207 (2021).
MonoRail (software)
Free and open-source software portal

MonoRail (formerly called Castle on Rails), a component of the Castle Project, is an open source web application framework built on top of the ASP.NET platform. Inspired by Ruby on Rails Action Pack, MonoRail differs from standard ASP.NET Web Forms development by enforcing separation of concerns using a model–view–controller (MVC) architecture. The framework is commonly used in conjunction with Castle ActiveRecord, an ORM layer built on NHibernate. In January 2010, version 2.0 of MonoRail was released, however, many projects use the trunk version of the source to take advantage of new features without waiting for official releases.

Although the project's name is MonoRail, it does not have any affiliation with the Mono project.

Web framework
A web framework (WF) or web application framework (WAF) is a software framework that is designed to support the development of web applications including web services, web resources, and web APIs. Web frameworks provide a standard way to build and deploy web applications on the World Wide Web. Web frameworks aim to automate the overhead associated with common activities performed in web development. For example, many web frameworks provide libraries for database access, templating frameworks, and session management, and they often promote code reuse. Although they often target development of dynamic web sites, they are also applicable to static websites.
Epameinondas Pentheroudakis
Epameinondas Pentheroudakis tou Georgiou (Greek: Επαμεινώνδας Πενθερουδάκης του Γεωργίου; Episkopi, Lappes, 1926 – 1996) was a general of the Greek army. He acted as the Chief of the Hellenic Army General Staff from 1984 to 1986.

He was a close associate of Antonis Drossoyannis.

Hellenic Army General Staff
The Hellenic Army General Staff (Greek: Γενικό Επιτελείο Στρατού, abbrev. ΓΕΣ) is the general staff of the Hellenic Army, the terrestrial component of the Greek Armed Forces. It was established in 1904. Since 1950, the HAGS is subordinated to the Hellenic National Defence General Staff. The Chief of the HAGS (Αρχηγός ΓΕΣ, Α/ΓΕΣ) is the head of the Hellenic Army.
Bad Mojo
Bad Mojo is a 1996 adventure game developed by Pulse Entertainment and published by Acclaim Entertainment for Windows and Macintosh. The game follows Roger Samms, an entomologist who accidentally unleashes a curse (the titular bad mojo) that turns him into a cockroach. The storyline in Bad Mojo is loosely based on Franz Kafka's 1915 novella The Metamorphosis; Roger Samms' name is an imperfect anagram of the lead character's in Metamorphosis (Gregor Samsa), and a cat called Franz appears in the game. The gameplay consists of guiding the cockroach through a series of puzzles.

Got Game Entertainment re-released the game in December 2004 as Bad Mojo Redux, packaging it with a DVD containing a variety of extra material.

Mojo bag
A mojo bag (/ˈmoʊdʒoʊ/), in the African American spiritual tradition called Hoodoo, is an amulet consisting of a flannel bag containing one or more magical items. It is a "prayer in a bag", or a spell that can be carried with or on the host's body. Alternative American names for the mojo bag include a toby, lucky hand, nation sack, conjure bag, and a package. Other forms of African American amulet bags include the gris-gris and juju bags.

With an origin among the Kongo people in Central Africa, the word mojo also refers to a form of conjure, Hoodoo, and charm work. Mojo containers have been fashioned as bags, gourds, jars, bottles, shells, and canes. The making of mojo bags is a system of African American occult magic that involves housing charms or spirits inside of a bag for protection and healing. Other times mojo bags are created to manifest results in a person's life, such as good-luck, money or love.
St. Bernhard-Frauenhofen
Sankt Bernhard-Frauenhofen is a town in the district of Horn in Lower Austria in Austria.  21.03% of the municipality are forested. It lies in the Waldviertel area, in the valley of the river Taffa. There are 95 agricultural companies and 67 non-agricultural jobs. 597 persons are employed. The activity rate was 48.17%.

Waldviertel
The Waldviertel (Austrian German: [ˈvaldˌfɪrtl̩] ⓘ; lit. 'Forest Quarter'; Central Bavarian: Woidviadl; Czech: Lesní čtvrť) is the northwestern region of the Austrian state of Lower Austria. It is bounded to the south by the river Danube, to the southwest by Upper Austria, to the northwest and to the north by the Czech Republic and to the east by the Manhartsberg (537 m, 1,762 ft), which is the survey point dividing the Waldviertel from the Weinviertel region. Geologically it is part of the Bohemian Massif. In the south are the Wachau and Kamptal wine regions.
Mitchell Peninsula
Mitchell Peninsula (66°20′S 110°32′E﻿ / ﻿66.333°S 110.533°E﻿ / -66.333; 110.533) is a rocky peninsula, 2.5 nautical miles (5 km) long and 2 nautical miles (4 km) wide, lying between O'Brien Bay and Sparkes Bay at the east side of the Windmill Islands, Antarctica. It was first mapped from aerial photographs taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump in February 1947 and thought to be an island connected by a steep snow ramp to the continental ice overlying Budd Coast, though the term peninsula was considered more appropriate by the Wilkes Station party of 1957. Mitchell Peninsula was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Captain Ray A. Mitchell, U.S. Navy, captain of the USS Cacapon, a tanker of the western task group of Operation Highjump, Task Force 68 of 1946–47.

On its southern side is Bednarz Cove, and Drew Cove indents the west side.

Budd Coast
Budd Coast (66°30′S 112°0′E﻿ / ﻿66.500°S 112.000°E﻿ / -66.500; 112.000), part of Wilkes Land, is that portion of the coast of Antarctica lying between the Hatch Islands, at 109°16'E, and Cape Waldron, at 115°33'E. It was discovered in February 1840 by the U.S. Exploring Expedition (1838–42) under the leadership of Lieutenant Charles Wilkes, and named by Wilkes for Thomas A. Budd, Acting Master of the sloop Peacock, one of the ships used on the expedition. A portion of the Puget Sound, Budd Inlet, is also named for Thomas Budd.
Robert VerHeulen
Robert J. VerHeulen is a Republican politician from Michigan who served in the Michigan House of Representatives. Prior to his election to the House, VerHeulen served as the mayor of Walker, Michigan. He was also an attorney for Meijer and served on several community boards and organizations.

In November 2018, VerHeulen proposed a bill to limit the powers of an incoming Democratic administration in Michigan. In the 2018 elections, Democrats obtained the governor, secretary of state and attorney general posts; Democrats last held all three positions at the same time in 1990. The bill would give greater powers to the Michigan legislature, where the Republican Party holds a majority of seats. The bill would also shift oversight of the Michigan Campaign Finance Act away from the Secretary of State to a commission.

Meijer
Meijer Inc. (/ˈmaɪ.ər/, MY-ər) is an American regional supercenter chain that primarily operates in the Midwestern United States. Its corporate headquarters are in Walker, Michigan. Founded in 1934 as a supermarket chain, Meijer is credited with pioneering the modern supercenter concept in 1962. About half of the company's 259 stores are located in Michigan; the others are in Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, and Wisconsin. The chain is ranked by Forbes as the 14th-largest private company in the United States, and is the country's 23rd-largest retailer by revenue as of 2025.
Pickelhaube
The Pickelhaube (German: [ˈpɪkl̩ˌhaʊ̯bə] ⓘ; pl. Pickelhauben [ˈpɪkl̩ˌhaʊ̯bn̩] ⓘ), also Pickelhelm, is a spiked leather or metal helmet that was worn in the 19th and 20th centuries by Prussian and German soldiers of all ranks as well as firefighters and police. Although it is typically associated with the Prussian Army, which adopted it in 1842–43, the helmet was widely imitated by other armies during that period. It is still worn today as part of ceremonial wear in the militaries of certain countries, such as Sweden, Chile, and Colombia.

The name Pickelhaube comes from German: Pickel, lit. 'point, pickaxe' and Haube, lit. 'bonnet', a general word for "headgear"

Cuirassier
A cuirassier (/ˌkwɪrəˈsɪər/ KWIRR-ə-SEER; French: [kɥiʁasje]; French for 'one wearing a cuirass') was a cavalryman equipped with a cuirass, sword, and pistols. Cuirassiers first appeared in mid-to-late 16th century Europe as a result of armoured cavalry such as men-at-arms and demi-lancers discarding their lances and adopting pistols as their primary weapon. In the later part of the 17th century, the cuirassier lost his limb armour and subsequently wore only the cuirass (breastplate and backplate), and sometimes a helmet. By this time, the sword or sabre had become his primary weapon, with pistols relegated to a secondary function.

Cuirassiers achieved increased prominence during the Napoleonic Wars and were last fielded in the opening stages of World War I (1914–1918). A number of countries continue to use cuirassiers as ceremonial troops.

The French term cuirassier means "one with a cuirass" (French: cuirasse), the breastplate armour which they wore.
Michael Bell (actor)
Michael Bell (born July 30, 1938) is an American actor who is most active in voice over roles. He has acted in video games and animated series, including Legacy of Kain, The Transformers, G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero, The Houndcats, Rugrats, The Smurfs, The Incredible Hulk and Snorks and appeared on-screen in film and television, including the TV programs Dallas and Star Trek.

Kidd Video
Kidd Video (originally in development as Hot Rocks) is an American Saturday morning live action/cartoon created by DIC Enterprises in association with Saban Productions. The series originally ran on NBC from 1984 to 1985. Reruns continued on the network until 1987 when CBS picked the show up.

In the show, four teenagers are taken into a strange dimension called "the Flipside" and become cartoon characters, forced to fight the Master Blaster and his gang, the Copy Cats. The show included then-current music videos.

Ownership of the series passed to Disney in 2001 when Disney acquired Fox Kids Worldwide, which also includes Saban Entertainment.
Çaltıbozkır
Çaltıbozkır is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Silifke, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population was 821 in 2022. It is situated in the forests of the Taurus Mountains. The distance to Silifke is 27 kilometres (17 mi) and the distance to Mersin is 112 kilometres (70 mi). The village economy depends on cereal agriculture. Recently in irrigated fields tomato is also produced. But animal breeding is on decline because of government ban on goat breeding (to protect forest).

Silifke
Silifke is a municipality and district of Mersin Province, Turkey. Its area is 2,692 km2, and its population is 132,665 (2022). It is 80 km (50 mi) west of the city of Mersin, on the west end of the Çukurova plain.

Silifke lies on the Göksu River, the ancient Calycadnus, near its outlet into the Mediterranean. The river flows from the nearby Taurus Mountains and the city is surrounded by attractive countryside along its banks.
Blepharophimosis-ptosis-esotropia-syndactyly-short stature syndrome
Blepharophimosis-ptosis-esotropia-syndactyly-short stature syndrome is a very rare genetic and congenital disorder which is characterized by blepharophimosis, ptosis, V-esotropia, foot syndactyly, extra-ocular and frontal muscles weakness, low height/short stature, prognathism, and synophrys.

Only six cases from three consanguineous families across the world have been reported in medical literature. This disorder follows an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern.

Less commonly, anosmia, moderate intellectual disability, hypertelorism, and increased thickness of lower lips and eyebrows can also appear as symptoms of the syndrome

Syndactyly
Syndactyly is a condition wherein two or more digits are fused together. It occurs normally in some metatherian mammals, but is an unusual condition in humans. The term is from Ancient Greek  σύν (syn) 'together' and  δάκτυλος (daktulos) 'finger'.
Frigerio
Frigerio is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alessandro Frigerio (1914–1979), Swiss-Colombian footballer

Andrea Frigerio (born 1961), Argentine actress

Angelo Frigerio, Italian bobsledder

Bartolomeo Frigerio (1585–1636), Italian Roman Catholic prelate

Carlo Frigerio (1763–1800), Italian painter

David Frigerio, American screenwriter

Ezio Frigerio (1930–2022), Italian costume designer and art director

Fausto Frigerio (born 1966), Italian hurdler and long jumper

Federico Frigerio (born 1987), Argentine politician

Luciano Frigerio (1928–1999), Italian designer, artist and musician

Marta Lía Frigerio (1925–1985), Argentine writer better known as Marta Lynch

Roberto Frigerio (1938–2023), Swiss footballer

Rogelio Frigerio (born 1970), Argentine economist and politician

Rogelio Julio Frigerio (1914–2006), Argentine economist, journalist and politician

Ugo Frigerio (1901–1968), Italian race walker

Ugo Frigerio
Ugo Frigerio (16 September 1901 – 7 July 1968) was an Italian race walker. He competed in four events at the 1920, 1924 and 1932 Olympics ranging from 3 to 50 km and won three gold and one bronze medals. He was the Olympic flag bearer for Italy in 1924 and 1932.
2011–12 Liga Indonesia First Division
The 2011–12 Liga Indonesia First Division season was the seventeenth season of the Liga Indonesia First Division. The competition was organized by the PSSI. Starting this season, the competition was intended to be for footballers under twenty-three years of age.

The competition began on 16 December 2011 and finished on 30 October 2012.

Pasuruan
Pasuruan (Dutch: Pasoeroean) is a city in East Java Province of Java, Indonesia. It had a population of 186,262 at the 2010 Census and 208,006 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 213,469 (comprising 106,811 males and 106,658 females).

It is surrounded on the landward side by, but is administratively separate from, Pasuruan Regency. On the north side it faces onto the Madura Strait. It is located around 65 kilometres southeast of Surabaya, the provincial capital.
Protecting Access to Medicare Act of 2014
The Protecting Access to Medicare Act of 2014 (H.R. 4302; Pub. L. 113–93 (text) (PDF)) is a law that delayed until March 2015 a pending cut to Medicare physician payment, a cut that had been regularly delayed for over a decade. Because the law only delayed and did not repeal the physician payment cut, it was a source of controversy.

The bill was signed into law on April 1, 2014, during the 113th United States Congress.

113th United States Congress
The 113th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, from January 3, 2013, to January 3, 2015, during the fifth and sixth years of Barack Obama's presidency. It was composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives based on the results of the 2012 Senate elections and the 2012 House elections. The seats in the House were apportioned based on the 2010 United States census. It first met in Washington, D.C., on January 3, 2013, and it ended on January 3, 2015. Senators elected to regular terms in 2008 were in the last two years of those terms during this Congress.

The Senate had a Democratic majority, while the House had a Republican majority; such a split would not be repeated until the 118th Congress. This was the last time Democrats held control of the Senate until the 117th Congress in 2021.
Applegate, Oregon
Applegate is an unincorporated community in Jackson County, Oregon, United States. It is west of Medford on Oregon Route 238 and the Applegate River. The community was probably named for Lindsay Applegate, who, along with his brothers Jesse and Charles, explored the Applegate Valley while blazing the Applegate Trail.

Applegate Trail
The Applegate Trail was an emigrant trail through the present-day U.S. states of Idaho, Nevada, California, and Oregon used in the mid-19th century by emigrants on the American frontier. It was originally intended as a less dangerous alternative to the Oregon Trail by which to reach the Oregon Territory. Much of the route was coterminous with the California Trail.
Jamar Malachi Neighbors
Jamar Malachi Neighbors (born January 25, 1986) is an American actor and comedian. He is known for his stand-up comedy and roles in Keanu and What Would Diplo Do?.

Neighbors was born and raised in Compton, California. As a child, he was inspired by Martin Lawrence on Def Comedy Jam.

Compton, California
Compton is a city located in the Gateway Cities region of southern Los Angeles County, California, United States, situated south of downtown Los Angeles. Compton is one of the oldest cities in the county, and on May 11, 1888, was the eighth city in Los Angeles County to incorporate. As of the 2020 census, the city had a total population of 95,740. It is known as the "Hub City" due to its geographic centrality in Los Angeles County, though it is actually near the southern end of the county. Neighborhoods in Compton include Sunny Cove, Leland, downtown Compton, and Richland Farms.
Parsippany Hills High School
Parsippany Hills High School is a four-year comprehensive public high school in the township of Parsippany-Troy Hills, in Morris County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, serving students in ninth through twelfth grade as one of the two secondary schools of the Parsippany-Troy Hills School District. Built in 1969, the school serves students who live in the western half of Parsippany. Its companion school in the district is Parsippany High School.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the school had an enrollment of 1,021 students and 103.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 9.9:1. There were 109 students (10.7% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 50 (4.9% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

Ninth grade
Ninth grade (also 9th or Grade 9) is the ninth year of formal or compulsory education in some countries. It is generally part of high school or secondary school depending on the country. Students in ninth grade are usually 14–15 years old.