hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Unhanagara Hatthadatha
Unhanagara Hatthadatha Sirimannage was a king of Anuradhapura in 691. Despite his title, he was more of a good Buddhist monarch, with real power being held by a Tamil minister named Poththakutta who also commanded a significant number of Tamil mercenaries garrisoned in the city. He was placed in succession to deceased Aggabodhi IV and his reign caused further anarchy and discontent among the Buddhist Sinhalese majority of Anuradhapura and nearby.

He was defeated by Manavanna, a son of Kassapa II, who with assistance from Narasimhavarman II of the Pallavas, resolved the Moriya-Lambakanna conflict and restored the rule of the Lambakanna dynasty in Anuradhapura.

House of Lambakanna I
The Lambakarna dynasty (Sinhala: ලම්භකර්ණ වංශය) (alternatively spelt as Lambakanna) was a powerful clan that ruled Sri Lanka. Many Sri Lankan kings, beginning with King Vasabha, and up until the formation of Kingdom of Kandy, belonged to this clan or related clans.
Kostant's convexity theorem
In mathematics, Kostant's convexity theorem, introduced by Bertram Kostant (1973), can be used to derive Lie-theoretical extensions of the Golden–Thompson inequality and the Schur–Horn theorem for Hermitian matrices.

Konstant's convexity theorem states that the projection of every coadjoint orbit of a connected compact Lie group into the dual of a Cartan subalgebra is a convex set. It is a special case of a more general result for symmetric spaces. Kostant's theorem is a generalization of a result of Schur (1923), Horn (1954) and Thompson (1972) for Hermitian matrices. They proved that the projection onto the diagonal matrices of the space of all n by n complex self-adjoint matrices with given eigenvalues Λ = (λ1, ..., λn) is the convex polytope with vertices all permutations of the coordinates of Λ.

Hermitian matrix
In mathematics, a Hermitian matrix (or self-adjoint matrix) is a  square matrix that is equal to its own conjugate transpose—that is, the element in the i-th row and j-th column is equal to the complex conjugate of the element in the j-th row and i-th column, for all indices i and j. In index form, or in matrix form:

Hermitian matrices can be understood as the complex extension of real symmetric matrices.

If the conjugate transpose of a matrix  is denoted by  then the Hermitian property can be written concisely as

Hermitian matrices are named after Charles Hermite, who demonstrated in 1855 that matrices of this form share a property with real symmetric matrices of always having real eigenvalues. Other, equivalent notations in common use are  although in quantum mechanics,  typically means the complex conjugate only, and not the conjugate transpose.
Dingnan Jiedushi
Dingnan Jiedushi (simplified Chinese: 定难节度使; traditional Chinese: 定難節度使), also known as Xiasui Jiedushi (simplified Chinese: 夏绥节度使; traditional Chinese: 夏綏節度使), was a jiedushi created in 787 by the Tang dynasty that lasted until the early Northern Song dynasty, when its ruler Li Yuanhao proclaimed himself emperor and established the Western Xia dynasty. Its seat was in modern Yulin, Shaanxi. Its rulers were of Tangut ethnicity starting from Li Sigong (Tuoba Sigong), and they effectively ruled the circuit in de facto independence despite its nominal submission to the central Chinese dynasties. Attempts by the Later Tang and Song dynasty to dislodge the family from its rule of Dingnan Jiedushi were unsuccessful, and the region eventually became the independent dynasty of Western Xia.

Yulin, Shaanxi
Yulin (Chinese: 榆林; pinyin: Yúlín) is a prefecture-level city in the Shaanbei region of Shaanxi province, China, bordering Inner Mongolia to the north, Shanxi to the east, and Ningxia to the west. It has an administrative area of 43,578 km2 (16,826 sq mi) and as of the 2020 Chinese census had a population of 3,634,750.
Kim Ho-joong
Kim Ho-joong (Korean: 김호중; born October 2, 1991) is a South Korean classical crossover singer. He came to prominence after a fourth-place finish in TV Chosun show Mr. Trot. During his military service, he served as a public service worker and was discharged on June 9, 2022.

TV Chosun
TV Chosun (Korean: TV조선; Hanja: TV朝鮮; RR: TVjoseon; MR: TVchosŏn; stylized in all caps) is a South Korean pay television network and broadcasting company owned by the Chosun Ilbo-led consortium. The headquarters is located in 40 Sejong-daero 21-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul. It began broadcasting on December 1, 2011.

TV Chosun is one of four new South Korean nationwide generalist cable TV networks alongside JoongAng Ilbo's JTBC, Dong-A Ilbo's Channel A, and Maeil Kyungje's MBN in 2011. The four new networks supplement existing conventional free-to-air TV networks like KBS, MBC, SBS, and other smaller channels launched following deregulation in 1990.
Santianna
"Santianna", also known as "Plains of Mexico", or spelled as "Santiana", "Santy Anna", "Santayana", "Santiano", "Santy Anno" etc.,  is a sea shanty about the Mexican General Antonio López de Santa Anna. The song is listed as number 207 in the Roud Folk Song Index.

Roud Folk Song Index
The Roud Folk Song Index is a database of around 250,000 references to nearly 25,000 songs collected from oral tradition in the English language from all over the world. It is compiled by Steve Roud. Roud's Index is a combination of the Broadside Index (printed sources before 1900) and a "field-recording index" compiled by Roud. It subsumes all the previous printed sources known to Francis James Child (the Child Ballads) and includes recordings from 1900 to 1975. Until early 2006, the index was available by a CD subscription; now it can be found online on the Vaughan Williams Memorial Library website, maintained by the English Folk Dance and Song Society (EFDSS). A partial list is also available at List of folk songs by Roud number.
Koizumi Station
Koizumi Station is the name of several train stations in Japan:

Koizumi Station (Ehime) (古泉駅) - Masaki, Iyo District, Ehime Prefecture

Koizumi Station (Gifu) (小泉駅) - Tajimi, Gifu Prefecture

Rikuzen-Koizumi Station (陸前小泉駅) - Motoyoshi, Motoyoshi District, Miyagi Prefecture

Kai-Koizumi Station (甲斐小泉駅) - Hokuto, Yamanashi Prefecture

Yamato-Koizumi Station (大和小泉駅) - Yamatokoriyama, Nara Prefecture

Nishi-Koizumi Station (西小泉駅), Koizumimachi Station (小泉町駅), Higashi-Koizumi Station (東小泉駅) - Oizumi, Ora District, Gunma Prefecture

Koizumicho Station (小泉町駅) - Toyama, Toyama Prefecture

Gunchū Line
The Gunchū Line (郡中線, Gunchū-sen) is a 11.3 km railway line owned by Iyotetsu. The line connects Matsuyama with Iyo in Ehime Prefecture, Japan. The line runs southwards from Matsuyama City Station, terminating at Gunchū Port Station.

The line used to be owned by the South Iyo Railway until they merged with Iyotetsu in 1900.
Tomahawk Spring
Tomahawk Spring is a historic spring house located near Martinsburg, at Tomahawk, Berkeley County, West Virginia. It was built about 1860 on the stone foundation of a previous building.  It is a one-story, wood-frame structure atop a three-foot-tall stone foundation in two sections.  The first section is atop the spring and is approximately 16 by 12 feet (4.9 by 3.7 m), surrounded by a lattice enclosure.  The second section contains a pool and is 13 by 12 feet (4.0 by 3.7 m).

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.

Berkeley County, West Virginia
Berkeley County is located in the Shenandoah Valley in the eastern panhandle region of West Virginia in the United States. The county is part of the Hagerstown–Martinsburg metropolitan area. As of the 2020 census, the county population was 122,076, making it the second-most populous of West Virginia's 55 counties, behind Kanawha County. The City of Martinsburg is the county seat.
Arthur Winterbotham (cricketer)
Arthur Strachan Winterbotham (28 June 1864 – 15 June 1936) was an English cricketer who played for the Marylebone Cricket Club between 1881 and 1886, and appeared in three first-class cricket matches for Gloucestershire in 1885. A right-handed batsman and occasional right-arm slow bowler whose father Arthur Winterbotham was a Liberal Party politician, Winterbotham scored 52 runs in total, and bowled without taking a wicket. Born in Dursley, he died in Stonehouse, Gloucestershire, aged 71.

Stonehouse, Gloucestershire
Stonehouse is a town in the Stroud District of Gloucestershire in southwestern England.

The town centre is 2.5 miles east of the M5 motorway, junction 13. Stonehouse railway station has a regular train service to London.

The town is situated approximately 9 miles south of Gloucester city centre and 4 miles west of central Stroud, though following recent development it is partially contiguous with the Ebley district of Stroud. It includes the sub-villages of Bridgend (to the south) and Ryeford (to the east).
Portsmouth and Southsea Synagogue
The Portsmouth and Southsea Synagogue, also known as the Portsmouth and Southsea Hebrew Congregation, is an Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue located at The Thickett, on Elm Grove, Southsea in Portsmouth, Hampshire, England, in the United Kingdom. Formed in c. 1740s, the congregation is one of the oldest Jewish in the United Kingdom. They worship in the Ashkenazi rite.

The part-time rabbi of the congregation, since 2011, is Reverend Gabriel Burns.

Nusach Ashkenaz
Nusach Ashkenaz is a style of Jewish liturgy conducted by Ashkenazi Jews. It is primarily a way to order and include prayers, and differs from Nusach Sefard (as used by the Hasidim) and Baladi-rite prayer, and still more from the Sephardic rite proper, in the placement and presence of certain prayers.
Matas (drug store)
Matas is a Danish business, founded in 1949, that operates a chain of drug stores across Denmark. The store's motto is "Good Advice Makes the Difference". The chain consists of 263 stores, employs approximately 2,500 people and has an annual revenue of approximately 4.3 billion kr (About US$630 million). Matas also sells personal hygiene products and other home goods. The main types of merchandise sold in stores are make-up products and cosmetics, such as hair colouring, lipsticks and rouge. In addition, most, if not all, Matas shops have a chemical department, where one can find both household chemicals and more rare and exotic chemicals for home chemists, in accordance to the drysalter roots of the store. Other things sold by the retailer include: vitamin supplements, herbal remedies (such as ginseng extracts), and liquorice root.

Ginseng
Ginseng (/ˈdʒɪnsɛŋ/) is the root of plants in the genus Panax, such as South China ginseng (P. notoginseng), Korean ginseng (P. ginseng), and American ginseng (P. quinquefolius), characterized by the presence of ginsenosides and gintonin.

Ginseng has been used in the traditional medicine of Korea and China for centuries, although there is no clinical evidence that it has any therapeutic effects. There is no substantial evidence that ginseng is effective for treating any medical condition and it has not been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat or prevent a disease or to provide a health benefit. Although ginseng is sold as a dietary supplement, inconsistent manufacturing practices for supplements have led to analyses of some ginseng products contaminated with unrelated filler compounds, and its excessive use may have adverse effects or untoward interactions with prescription drugs.
Sinaboi
Sinaboi is a fishing village and district (kecamatan) in Rokan Hilir Regency, Riau, Indonesia. It is about 30 km east of Bagansiapiapi and about 30 km from Dumai.

The majority of Sinaboi villagers are ethnic Chinese. In Hokkian language, it is called Cia Cui Kang.

The village had a population of 2,329 according to the official estimates as at mid 2023, while the district had 21,780 inhabitants according to the official estimates as at mid 2024.

Dumai
Dumai (Jawi: دوماي‎, Chinese: 杜迈), is a coastal city in Riau Province on the island of Sumatra, Indonesia, about 188 km from Pekanbaru, the provincial capital. The city has an area of 2,065.59 km2 and had 349,389 inhabitants at the mid 2024 official estimate (comprising 179,604 males and 169,785 females). Dumai has a domestic airport, Pinang Kampai Airport. The city is an important transport and trade centre, both regionally and internationally, especially for traffic to and from Malaysia. The region is rich in oil (petroleum and palm oil).
Time in Alaska
Alaska is officially covered by two time zones - the Alaska Time Zone and the Hawaii–Aleutian Time Zone. The Hawaii–Aleutian Time Zone is used for the Aleutian Islands west of 169°30′W (Islands of Four Mountains, Andreanof Islands, Rat Islands and Near Islands), and the rest of the state uses the Alaska Time Zone. The entirety of Alaska observes daylight saving time.

The town of Hyder, because it essentially is a single town split by the border between the United States and Canada, unofficially observes Pacific Time including DST (UTC−08:00, DST UTC−07:00) like its neighbor Stewart, British Columbia, with the exception of the U.S. Post Office (because it is a federal facility).

UTC−07:00
UTC−07:00 is an identifier for a time offset from UTC of −07:00. In North America, it is observed in the Mountain Time Zone during standard time, and in the Pacific Time Zone during the other eight months (see daylight saving time). Some locations use it year-round.
1987 Player's Canadian Open
The 1987 Player's International Canadian Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. The men's tournament was held at the du Maurier Stadium in Montreal, Quebec, in Canada and was part of the 1987 Nabisco Grand Prix while the women's tournament was held at the National Tennis Centre in Toronto, Ontario, and was part of the 1987 Virginia Slims World Championship Series. The men's tournament was held from August 10 through August 16, 1987, while the women's tournament was held from August 17 through August 23, 1987.

1987 Virginia Slims World Championship Series
The 1987 Virginia Slims World Championship Series was the 15th season of the tennis circuit since the foundation of the Women's Tennis Association. It commenced in January 1987, and concluded in December 1987 after events.

The Virginia Slims World Championship Series was the elite tour for professional women's tennis organised by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA). It was held in place of the WTA Tour from 1983 until 1987 and featured tournaments that had previously been part of the Toyota Series and the Avon Series. It included the four Grand Slam tournaments and a series of other events. ITF tournaments were not part of the tour, although they awarded points for the WTA World Ranking.
Disjunction property of Wallman
In mathematics, especially in order theory, a partially ordered set with a unique minimal element 0 has the disjunction property of Wallman when for every pair (a, b) of elements of the poset, either b ≤ a or there exists an element c ≤ b such that c ≠ 0 and c has no nontrivial common predecessor with a. That is, in the latter case, the only x with x ≤ a and x ≤ c is x = 0.

A version of this property for lattices was introduced by Wallman (1938), in a paper showing that the homology theory of a topological space could be defined in terms of its distributive lattice of closed sets. He observed that the inclusion order on the closed sets of a T1 space has the disjunction property. The generalization to partial orders was introduced by Wolk (1956).

T1 space
In topology and related branches of mathematics, a T1 space  is a topological space in which, for every pair of distinct points, each has a neighborhood not containing the other point.  An R0 space is one in which this holds for every pair of topologically distinguishable points.  The properties T1 and R0 are examples of separation axioms.
Cello Concerto No. 2 (Boccherini)
Cello Concerto No. 2 in A major, G. 475 is a cello concerto by Luigi Boccherini. It has been arranged and reorchestrated several times. Ottorino Respighi reorchestrated the Concerto, and changed the "Tutti" sections; adding winds and brass. Gaspar Cassadó rewrote the Concerto altogether as a Guitar Concerto for his colleague Andrés Segovia. Cassadó's arrangement features a string quartet, like a Concerto Grosso, and added trumpet fanfares.

Andrés Segovia
Andrés Segovia Torres, 1st Marquis of Salobreña (21 February 1893 – 2 June 1987), was a Spanish virtuoso classical guitarist. Many professional classical guitarists were either students of Segovia or students of Segovia's students.
Segovia's contribution to the modern-romantic repertoire included not only commissions but also his own transcriptions of classical or baroque works. He is remembered for his expressive performances: his wide palette of tone, and his distinctive musical personality, phrasing and style.
William IV of Montpellier
William IV (or Guillem IV) was the Lord of Montpellier from 1058 until his death in 1068. He was the son of William III and Beliardis. He was married to Ermengarde, daughter of Raymond I, Count of Melgueil. He is the first of his dynasty with charters preserved in the family cartulary, the Liber instrumentorum memorialium. They record agreements concerning some local castles in 1059. He was succeeded by his son, William V.

Cartulary
A cartulary or chartulary (/ˈkɑːrtjʊləri/; Latin: cartularium or chartularium), also called pancarta or codex diplomaticus, is a medieval manuscript volume or roll (rotulus) containing transcriptions of original documents relating to the foundation, privileges, and legal rights of ecclesiastical establishments, municipal corporations, industrial associations, institutions of learning, or families. The term is sometimes also applied to collections of original documents bound in one volume or attached to one another so as to form a roll, as well as to custodians of such collections.
HMS Kingston
Five ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Kingston.

HMS Kingston (1697) was a 60-gun fourth rate, launched in 1697, rebuilt in 1719 and 1740 and sold in 1762. Destroyed in 1763 whilst serving as the privateer Lord Clive.

HMS Kingston was previously HMS Prince Regent, a 56-gun fourth rate launched in 1814. She was renamed HMS Kingston later in 1814 and was sold in 1832.

HMS Kingston was the name proposed in 1817 for a 52-gun fourth rate eventually launched in 1822 as HMS Portland.

HMS Kingston (1858) was a schooner, formerly the slaver Caries. She was captured in 1858 by HMS Forward and sunk as a bathing place in 1861.

HMS Kingston (F64) was a K-class destroyer launched in 1939 and wrecked in an air attack in 1942. The hull was subsequently used as a blockship.

Slave ship
Slave ships were large cargo ships specially built or converted from the 17th to the 19th century for transporting slaves. Such ships were also known as "Guineamen" because the trade involved human trafficking to and from the Guinea coast in West Africa.
Adoxophyes melichroa
Adoxophyes melichroa is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae first described by Oswald Bertram Lower in 1899. It is found in Australia (Queensland) and New Guinea.

The wingspan is 15–16 mm for males and 18–21 mm for females. The basal patch on the forewings is sometimes marked with several dark ferruginous-fuscous strigulae (fine streaks) towards the dorsum. The central fascia are narrow and dark purplish fuscous mixed with ferruginous. The hindwings are whitish yellowish. Adults have been recorded on wing from September to December and in April.

Oswald Bertram Lower
Oswald Bertram Lower (28 February 1864 in Norwood, South Australia – 18 March 1925 in Wayville, South Australia) was an Australian chemist and pharmacist who is best known for his contributions to entomology, in particular butterflies and moths. His collection is now at the South Australian Museum.

In 1909 he married Eva Linda May (Davies) Lower. The couple had two sons: Oswald Bertram and Raymond Brackleigh.
Indonesia women's cricket team in the Philippines in 2019–20
The Indonesia women's cricket team toured the Philippines to play four Twenty20 International (T20I) matches from 21 to 22 December 2019. Originally the tour was scheduled to be a tri-series, but Bahrain withdrew prior to the series. The matches were played at the Friendship Oval ground at the Cavite campus in Emilio Aguinaldo College in the city of Dasmariñas.

The Philippines played their first women's T20I matches since the announcement by the International Cricket Council (ICC) of all official Twenty20 (T20) matches played between women's teams of associate members after 1 July 2018 having full T20I status. Eight of the cricketers in Philippines' squad were selected from Hong Kong's SCC Divas cricket team.

Indonesia won the series 4–0, with opening batters Yulia Anggraeni and Kadek Winda Prastini setting a world record women's T20I partnership of 257 runs in the second game.

Bahrain women's national cricket team
The Bahrain national women's cricket team represents Bahrain in international women's cricket. In April 2018, the International Cricket Council (ICC) granted full Women's Twenty20 International (WT20I) status to all its members. Therefore, all Twenty20 matches played between Bahrain women and other ICC members after 1 July 2018 have the full WT20I status.
Kaleyolu, Sason
Kaleyolu (Kurdish: Bozika) is a village in the Sason District, Batman Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds and had a population of 435 in 2021.

The hamlet of Yamanlar (Kurdish: Mitirban) is attached to the village.

Batman Province
Batman Province (Turkish: Batman ili; Kurdish: Parêzgeha Êlihê, transl. "Province of Êlih"; Armenian: Բատմանի զավառ, transl. "Province of Batman") is a province in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. It was created in May 1990 with Law No. 3647, incorporating districts from the eastern Siirt Province and the southern Mardin Province. The province has an area of 4,477 km2 (1,729 sq mi) and a population of 634,491 (2022). Its current governor is Ekrem Canalp.

The province is considered part of Turkish Kurdistan and has a Kurdish majority. It is an important center for Turkey's oil industry, which has driven rapid urbanization since the mid-20th century.
65th David di Donatello
The 65th David di Donatello ceremony, presented by the Accademia del Cinema Italiano, honoured the best Italian films of 2019. The ceremony was hosted by presenter Carlo Conti on 8 May 2020. The awards ceremony was initially set for 3 April 2020 but was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Also, the ceremony was held live at RAI Studios and broadcast by Rai 1 while the candidates were connected via video and answered the questions asked by the Carlo Conti from the studio.

The crime drama film The Traitor won six awards, including Best Film, out of eighteen nominations. Other winners included Pinocchio with five, The First King: Birth of an Empire with three, The Goddess of Fortune with two, and 5 is the Perfect Number, Bangla, Il flauto magico di Piazza Vittorio, Martin Eden, My Brother Chases Dinosaurs, Once Upon a Time... in Bethlehem, Parasite, Selfie and Timo's Winter with one.

5 Is the Perfect Number
5 Is the Perfect Number (Italian: 5 è il numero perfetto) is a 2019 Italian thriller drama film directed by Igort, based on his 2002 homonymous graphic novel, starring Toni Servillo and Valeria Golino.

The film was released in Italy on 29 August 2019 and presented at the Venice Days of the 76th Venice Film Festival.