hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Product planning
Product planning (or product discovery) is the ongoing process of identifying and articulating market requirements that define a product's feature set. It serves as the basis for decision-making about price, distribution and promotion. Product planning is also the means by which companies and businesses can respond to long-term challenges within the business environment, often achieved by managing the product throughout its life cycle using various marketing strategies, including product extensions or improvements, increased distribution, price changes and promotions. It involves understanding the needs and wants of core customer groups so products can target key customer desires  and allows a firm to predict how a product will be received within a market upon launch.

Distribution (economics)
In economics, distribution is the way total output, income, or wealth is distributed among individuals or among the factors of production (such as labour, land, and capital). In general theory and in for example the U.S. National Income and Product Accounts, each unit of output corresponds to a unit of income. One use of national accounts is for classifying factor incomes and measuring their respective shares, as in national Income. But, where focus is on income of persons or households, adjustments to the national accounts or other data sources are frequently used. Here, interest is often on the fraction of income going to the top (or bottom) x percent of households, the next x percent, and so forth (defined by equally spaced cut points, say quintiles), and on the factors that might affect them (globalization, tax policy, technology, etc.).
Daisy Systems Holland
Daisy Systems Holland BV was a Dutch manufacturer of daisy-wheel printers (hence the name), later expanded into other printer technologies: inkjet, dot matrix, and laser. Headquartered in Wijchen, it was acquired in 1987 from its Canadian parent AES Data,  by Jan Cornelisse, the then managing director of Daisy Systems, who became its majority shareholder. In 1980s, it claimed to be the largest specialist printer company in Europe. The company was formed in 1977 after its predecessor company went bankrupt.

It was also planning to expand into manufacturing of Braille printers for the visually handicapped.

Braille embosser
A braille embosser is an impact printer that renders text as tactile braille cells. Using braille translation software, a document or digital text can be embossed with relative ease. Braille embossers can emboss single-sided or double-sided (called interpoint) and can produce 6- or 8-dot braille.

Blind users tend to call other printers "ink printers," to distinguish them from their braille counterparts. This is often the case regardless of the type of printer being discussed (e.g., thermal printers being called "ink printers" even though they use no ink).

As with ink printers or presses, embossers range from those intended for consumers to those used by large publishers. The price of embossers increase with the volume of braille it produces.
Nierybno, Stargard County
Nierybno [ɲɛˈrɨbnɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ińsko, within Stargard County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) north-east of Ińsko, 44 km (27 mi) east of Stargard, and 71 km (44 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The village has a population of 19.

Stargard County
Stargard County (Polish: powiat stargardzki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Stargard, which lies 32 kilometres (20 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin. The county contains four other towns: Chociwel, 26 km (16 mi) north-east of Stargard, Dobrzany, 27 km (17 mi) east of Stargard, Ińsko, 37 km (23 mi) east of Stargard, and Suchań, 21 km (13 mi) east of Stargard.

The county covers an area of 1,519.59 square kilometres (586.7 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 119,402, out of which the population of Stargard is 70,534, that of Chociwel is 3,285, that of Dobrzany is 2,420, that of Ińsko is 2,001, that of Suchań is 1,446, and the rural population is 39,716.
Hack-a-Shaq
The Hack-a-Shaq is a basketball defensive strategy used in the National Basketball Association (NBA) that involves committing intentional fouls (originally a clock management strategy) for the purpose of lowering opponents' scoring. The strategy was originally adapted by Dallas Mavericks coach Don Nelson, who directed players to commit personal fouls throughout the game against selected opponents who poorly shot free throws.

Nelson initially used the strategy against power forward Dennis Rodman. However, the strategy acquired its name for Nelson's subsequent use of it against center Shaquille O'Neal.

Orlando Magic
The Orlando Magic are an American professional basketball team based in Orlando, Florida. The Magic compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member of the Southeast Division of the Eastern Conference. The franchise was established in 1989 as an expansion franchise. Notable NBA stars as Shaquille O'Neal, Penny Hardaway, Grant Hill, Tracy McGrady, and Dwight Howard, have played for the club throughout its history. As of 2024, the franchise has played in the NBA playoffs 17 times in 35 seasons, and twice went to the NBA Finals, in 1995 and 2009, losing to the Houston Rockets and the Los Angeles Lakers, respectively.
Chloridometer
A chloridometer is a measuring instrument used to determine the concentration of chloride ions (Cl–) in a solution. It uses a process known as coulometric titration or amperostatic coulometry, the accepted electrochemistry reference method to determine the concentration of chloride in biological fluids, including blood serum, blood plasma, urine, sweat, and cerebrospinal fluid. The coulometry process generates silver ions, which react with the chloride to form silver chloride (AgCl).

The first chloridometer was designed by a team led by Ernest Cotlove in 1958.

Other methods to determine chloride concentration include photometric titration and isotope dilution mass spectrometry.

Silver chloride
Silver chloride is an inorganic chemical compound with the chemical formula AgCl. This white crystalline solid is well known for its low solubility in water and its sensitivity to light. Upon illumination or heating, silver chloride converts to silver (and chlorine), which is signaled by grey to black or purplish coloration in some samples. AgCl occurs naturally as the mineral chlorargyrite.

It is produced by a metathesis reaction for use in photography and in pH meters as electrodes.
Wargaming Chicago-Baltimore
Wargaming Chicago-Baltimore (formerly Meyer/Glass Interactive, L.L.C., Day 1 Studios, LLC and Wargaming West Corporation) is an American game developer that operates in Chicago, Illinois and Hunt Valley, Maryland.

Hunt Valley, Maryland
Hunt Valley is an unincorporated community in Baltimore County, Maryland, United States, near the site of the Maryland Hunt Cup Steeplechase. It lies just north of the city of Baltimore, along York Road (Maryland Route 45), parallel to Interstate 83. The nearby Loch Raven Reservoir is an important landmark and drinking water resource. Its surrounding forested watershed is one of three reservoirs (along with Prettyboy and Liberty Reservoirs) established for the City of Baltimore. Hunt Valley is located at a latitude of 39.5° North and longitude of 76.7° West.  It is served by the Cockeysville post office, and is also a neighbor of Timonium.  A satellite campus of the Community College of Baltimore County, one of the three supplemental campuses of CCBC, uses a leased building located at 11101 McCormick Road, a business park in Hunt Valley, Maryland.
Chester County Courthouse (Tennessee)
The Chester County Courthouse is an historic county courthouse building located at 133 East Main Street, Court Square in Henderson, Chester County, Tennessee. Built in 1913 in the Classical Revival style of architecture. it is the third courthouse that Chester County has had, the previous ones having burned down. It is a two-story redbrick structure with a colonnaded front portico and a cupola in the center of its gabled roof. The original building has been added onto with an architecturally complementary extension on the rear. In 1973, it was featured in the movie Walking Tall, based on the life of McNairy County sheriff Buford Pusser. On March 26, 1979, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places.

Chester County, Tennessee
Chester County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 17,341. Its county seat is Henderson. The county was created in 1879 and organized in 1882. Chester County is included in the Jackson, Tennessee metropolitan area.
2012 Open GDF Suez Nantes Atlantique – Doubles
Stéphanie Foretz Gacon and Kristina Mladenovic were the defending champions, but Mladenovic chose not to participate. Foretz Gacon partnered up with Julie Coin, but they lost in the first round to Magda Linette and Katarzyna Piter.

Catalina Castaño and Mervana Jugić-Salkić won the title, defeating Petra Cetkovská and Renata Voráčová in the final, 6–4, 6–4.

Renata Voráčová
Renata Voráčová (Czech pronunciation: [ˈrɛnata ˈvoraːtʃovaː]; born 6 October 1983) is a Czech professional tennis player.

Voráčová has won eleven doubles titles on the WTA Tour and three on WTA 125 tournaments, as well as 15 singles and 58 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. On 11 October 2010, she reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 74. On 21 August 2017, she peaked at No. 29 in the WTA doubles rankings.
Beardina Parish, New South Wales
Beardina Parish (Oxley County), New South Wales is a rural locality of Warren Shire and a civil parish of Oxley County, New South Wales, a Cadastral divisions of New South Wales.

The parish is on the Macquarie River east of Nyngan, down stream of Warren, New South Wales.

The topography is flat with a Köppen climate classification of BsK (Hot semi arid).

The economy in the parish is based on broad acre agriculture, based on Wheat, sheep and cattle.

The traditional owners of the area are the Wiradjuri people.

Warren Shire
Warren Shire is a local government area in the Orana region of New South Wales, Australia. The Shire is located adjacent to the Macquarie River and the Mitchell and Oxley Highways.  The use of the area is mainly for wool and cotton growing.

The shire was formed on 1 January 1957 through the amalgamation of Marthaguy Shire with the Municipality of Warren. The shire includes the regional towns of Warren and Nevertire.

On October 10, 2024, Cr. Greg Whiteley was elected unopposed as the new mayor of Warren Shire Council,
stepping into the role previously held by long-serving Mayor Milton Quigley.
Inferior ganglion of vagus nerve
The inferior ganglion of the vagus nerve (also known as the nodose ganglion or (in veterinary anatomy) as the distal ganglion of the vagus nerve) is one of the two sensory ganglia of each vagus nerve (cranial nerve X). It contains neuron cell bodies of general visceral afferent fibers and special visceral afferent fibers. It is situated within the jugular fossa just below the skull. It is situated just below the superior ganglion of vagus nerve.

Special visceral afferent fiber
Special visceral afferent fibers (SVA) are afferent fibers that develop in association with the gastrointestinal tract. They carry the special sense of taste (gustation). The cranial nerves containing SVA fibers are the facial nerve (VII), the glossopharyngeal nerve (IX), and the vagus nerve (X). The facial nerve receives taste from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue; the glossopharyngeal from the posterior 1/3, and the vagus nerve from the epiglottis. The sensory processes, using their primary cell bodies from the inferior ganglion, send projections to the medulla, from which they travel in the tractus solitarius, later terminating at the rostral nucleus solitarius.
Torch
A torch is a stick with combustible material at one end which can be used as a light source or to set something on fire. Torches have been used throughout history and are still used in processions, symbolic and religious events, and in juggling and entertainment. In some countries, notably the United Kingdom and Australia, "torch" in modern usage is also the term for a battery-operated portable light.

Procession
A procession is an organized body of people walking in a formal or ceremonial manner. A procession may be arranged for a variety of purposes, including to advertise something, signal a change in government, display a group's power, show solidarity for a cause, mark the beginning or end of an event such as a wedding or funeral, entertain a crowd, or practice a religion. Processions have been an aspect of celebrations and ceremonies since ancient times, and they are practiced in some form throughout all cultures. They often involve a mode of transport, such as a carriage or a car; music or vocalizations, including a choir or a marching band; a visual signal of a hierarchy within the precession; and the display of eye-catching items like banners.
Coptic Museum
The Coptic Museum is a museum in Coptic Cairo, Egypt with the largest collection of Coptic Christian artifacts in the world. It was founded by Marcus Simaika in 1908 to house Coptic antiquities. The museum traces the history of Egypt from its beginnings to the present day. It was erected on 8,000 square meter land offered by the Coptic Orthodox Church, under the guardianship of Pope Cyril V.

The Coptic museum houses the world's most important examples of Coptic art. The façade of the museum was made to resemble the façade of the 12th century Al-Aqmar Mosque.

Aqmar Mosque
The Aqmar Mosque or al-Aqmar Mosque (Arabic: الجامع الأقمر, romanized: al-jāmiʿ al-aqmar, lit. 'Moonlit Mosque'), is a mosque located in Cairo, Egypt. Built as a neighborhood mosque by the Fatimid vizier al-Ma'mun al-Bata'ihi in 1125, the mosque is situated on what was once the main avenue and ceremonial heart of Cairo, known today as al-Mu'izz Street, in the immediate neighborhood of the former Fatimid caliphal palaces. The mosque is an important monument of Fatimid architecture and of historic Cairo due to the exceptional decoration of its exterior façade and the innovative design of its floor plan.
Kensington Security Slot
The Kensington Security Slot (also called a K-Slot or Kensington lock) is an anti-theft system for hardware electronics such as notebook computers, computer monitors and others. It is a small, metal-reinforced hole used for attaching a lock-and-cable apparatus. It is produced by Kensington Computer Products Group.

Anti-theft system
Anti-theft systems protect valuables such as vehicles and personal property like wallets, phones, and jewelry. They are also used in retail settings to protect merchandise in the form of security tags and labels. Anti-theft systems include devices such as locks and keys, RFID tags, and GPS locators.
Thomas Snow (British Army officer)
Lieutenant-General Sir Thomas D’Oyly Snow, KCB, KCMG (5 May 1858 – 30 August 1940) was a British Army officer who fought on the Western Front during the First World War. He played an important role in the war, leading the 4th Division in the retreat of August 1914, and commanding VII Corps at the unsuccessful diversion of the Attack on the Gommecourt Salient on the first day on the Somme (1 July 1916) and at the Battle of Cambrai in November 1917.

Lieutenant-general (United Kingdom)
Lieutenant general (Lt Gen), formerly more commonly lieutenant-general, is a senior rank in the British Army and the Royal Marines. It is the equivalent of a multinational three-star rank; some British lieutenant generals sometimes wear three-star insignia, in addition to their standard insignia, when on multinational operations.

Lieutenant general is a superior rank to major general, but subordinate to a (full) general. The rank has a NATO rank code of OF-8, equivalent to a vice-admiral in the Royal Navy and an air marshal in the Royal Air Force (RAF) and the air forces of many Commonwealth countries.

The rank insignia for both the Army and the Royal Marines is a crown over a crossed sabre and baton. During the reign of Elizabeth II, the St Edward's Crown, commonly known as the Queen's Crown, was depicted. Before 1953, and again since the accession of Charles III in 2022, the Tudor Crown has been used.
Mount Trail
Mount Trail (67°12′S 50°51′E﻿ / ﻿67.200°S 50.850°E﻿ / -67.200; 50.850) is a mountain on the northeast side of Auster Glacier, at the head of Amundsen Bay in Enderby Land. It was plotted from air photos taken from ANARE (Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions) aircraft in 1956 and was named by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia (ANCA) for D.S. Trail, a geologist at Mawson Station in 1961.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Mount Trail". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions
The Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions (ANARE /ænˈɑːri/ ann-AR-ee) is the historical name for the Australian Antarctic Program (AAP) administered for Australia by the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD).
Mennessis station
Mennessis is a railway station located in the commune of Mennessis in the Aisne department, northern France. The station is situated on the railway lines from Amiens to Laon, and from Paris to Saint-Quentin. The station is served by regional TER Hauts-de-France trains to Saint-Quentin, Compiègne, Laon and Amiens.

Compiègne station
Compiègne station (French: Gare de Compiègne) is a railway station serving Compiègne, in the Oise department of northern France. The station is on the Creil–Jeumont railway. It is served by regional trains to Creil, Amiens, Saint-Quentin and Paris.
Etienne van der Linde
Etienne van der Linde (born 25 February 1978 in Johannesburg) is a South African racing driver. He has competed in such series as Euro Formula 3000 and the German Formula Three Championship. Late in his career, he also competed with BMW in the South Africa-based Bridgestone Production Car Championship.

Van der Linde is the uncle of sports car drivers Kelvin and Sheldon.

Bridgestone
Bridgestone Corporation (株式会社ブリヂストン, Kabushiki gaisha Burijisuton) is a Japanese multinational manufacturing company based in Kyōbashi, Tokyo. Founded in 1931 by Shōjirō Ishibashi in Kurume, it primarily manufactures tires, as well as golf equipment. The name Bridgestone comes from a calque translation and transposition of the founder's surname, meaning 'stone bridge' in Japanese.

The company has been the world's second-largest tire manufacturer by annual revenue since 2021. As of July 2018, Bridgestone Group has 181 production facilities in 24 countries.
Christopher Stanger-Leathes
Christopher Francis Stanger-Leathes (9 May 1881 – 27 February 1966) was an English international rugby union player.

Stanger-Leathes was born at Kensington in May 1881. He was educated at Sherborne School, where he played for the school cricket team. He played rugby union at amateur level for Northumberland and Northern. He toured Australia and New Zealand with the British Isles rugby union team in 1904, playing one Test match against Australia at Sydney. The following year he played a second Test match, this time for England against Ireland at Cork in the 1905 Home Nations Championship. Stanger-Leathes also played cricket at minor counties level for Northumberland, making 99 appearances in the Minor Counties Championship between 1903–1929. By profession he was a managing director at the ship ventilation manufacturers and sheet iron engineers Brown and Hood. He died at Gosforth in February 1966. His brother was the first-class cricketer Hugh Stanger-Leathes.

Mardyke (UCC)
The Mardyke, also referred as the Mardyke Sports Ground, is the main sports campus of University College Cork (UCC), located at the western end of the Mardyke area near Cork city centre. The grounds and fitness facilities used by sports team representing, the general student body, and members of the public. Outdoors, there are floodlit grass and all-weather pitches, used for soccer, rugby union, Gaelic games, and hockey. Kayakers train in the adjacent North channel of the River Lee. There is a tartan track for athletics, where the Cork City Sports are held annually. The most notable performance came in the hammer throw on 3 July 1984, when the world record was broken six times in one evening by  Yuriy Sedykh and Sergey Litvinov.
Dan Seum
Daniel DeVerl "Malano" Seum (/ˈsaɪm/ SYME; born January 28, 1940) is an American politician. He was a member of the Kentucky Senate, representing the 38th district from 1995 to 2019.

Seum began his career as a member of the Democratic party. He was first elected to the state house in 1981, defeating incumbent Republican Dexter Wright. Seum continued in the house until he was elected to the senate in 1988, defeating incumbent Democratic senator Larry Saunders for renomination. Saunders challenged Seum again in 1992, defeating him. Seum was elected to the senate again in 1994 following the retirement of senator Danny Meyer. In July 1999 he changed party affiliation, joining the Republican party.

He resigned from the senate in November 2019.

Kentucky Senate
The Kentucky Senate is the upper house of the Kentucky General Assembly.  The Kentucky Senate is composed of 38 members elected from single-member districts throughout the Commonwealth.  The Kentucky Senate meets at the Kentucky State Capitol in Frankfort annually beginning in January. Sessions last for 60 legislative days in even-numbered years and 30 legislative days in odd-numbered years.

The Republican Party has had control of the Senate since 1999, currently holding 32 seats, with the Democratic Party holding 5, and 1 seat being vacant. Senators serve four-year terms with no term limits; half (19) of the senators are up for election every second year, coinciding with federal House of Representatives and Senate elections.
Heaven 'n Hell
"Heaven 'N Hell" is the fourth and final single released from American hip hop group Salt-n-Pepa's fourth studio album, Very Necessary (1993). In the United States, it was released alongside "None of Your Business" as a double-A sided single. The song samples "Think About It" by Odell Brown & the Organ-izers, "Synthetic Substitution" by Melvin Bliss and "Heaven and Hell is on Earth" by 20th Century Steel Band. "Heaven 'N Hell" became a top-30 hit in Australia and New Zealand. The accompanying music video was directed by American film and music video director Marcus Raboy and filmed in New York. Victoria Strange produced it.

Very Necessary
Very Necessary is the fourth studio album by American hip hop group Salt-N-Pepa, released on October 12, 1993, by Next Plateau Records and London Records. As the group's last album to feature writing and production from their manager and primary producer Hurby Azor, it spawned four singles, including "Shoop" (their first top-five single on the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at number four), "Whatta Man" (featuring En Vogue, their second-highest-peaking single at number three), and "None of Your Business", which earned the group their first Grammy Award, in the category Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group.

Very Necessary peaked at number four on the Billboard 200, and has been certified five-times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), denoting sales of over five million copies in the United States. It is the highest-selling album from the group.