hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Floods in the United States (1900–1999)
Floods in the United States are generally caused by excessive rainfall, excessive snowmelt, and dam failure. Below is a list of flood events that were of significant impact to the country during the 20th century, from 1900 through 1999, inclusive.

Snowmelt
In hydrology, snowmelt is surface runoff produced from melting snow. It can also be used to describe the period or season during which such runoff is produced. Water produced by snowmelt is an important part of the annual water cycle in many parts of the world, in some cases contributing high fractions of the annual runoff in a watershed. Predicting snowmelt runoff from a drainage basin may be a part of designing water control projects. Rapid snowmelt can cause flooding. If the snowmelt is then frozen, very dangerous conditions and accidents can occur, introducing the need for salt to melt the ice.
Archie McWhinnie
Archibald "Archie" McWhinnie (17 July 1926 – 21 March 1971) was a Scottish professional footballer, who made two appearances in the English football league with Wrexham.

He also played for Scottish clubs Rutherglen Glencairn and Cowdenbeath.

Cowdenbeath F.C.
Cowdenbeath Football Club (/kaʊdənˈbiːθ/ kow-dən-BEETH) is a Scottish semi-professional football team based in Cowdenbeath, Fife. They are members of the Lowland League, the fifth tier of the Scottish football league system after their relegation from Scottish League Two on 14 May 2022 following a 4–0 aggregate defeat to Bonnyrigg Rose. Formed in 1881, the club has played at Central Park since 1917. They first joined the Scottish Football League (SFL) in 1905. The club has never won any of the major honours in Scottish football, but have won lower tier divisional titles on five occasions. They competed in the top division of the SFL from 1924 to 1934, but have only completed one further top flight season since, in 1970–71.
Maya Petika
Maya Petika (transl. Magic box) is a 2023 Indian Telugu-language anthology film directed by Ramesh Raparthi and starring Payal Rajput, Viraj Ashwin, Simrat Kaur, Rajath Raghav, Sunil, Prudhvi Raj, Srinivasa Reddy, Himaja, and Syamala.

Srinivasa Reddy
Yaramala Srinivasa Reddy is an Indian actor known for his work in Telugu cinema. He started his career as a television anchor, hosting comedy shows, and later moved into films. He made his acting debut with Ishtam (2001) and gained popularity with his comic role in Idiot (2002), where his "Boost" dialogue became widely recognized.

He went on to become a well-known comedian, appearing in over 100 films. Some of his notable works include Venky (2004), Desamuduru (2007), Parugu (2008), Bendu Apparao RMP (2009), Anjaneyulu (2009), Darling (2010), Solo (2011), Pataas (2015), and Raja the Great (2017).

In addition to supporting roles, he also played lead roles in films like Geethanjali (2014) and Jayammu Nischayammu Ra (2016), both of which received critical appreciation.

In 2019, Srinivasa Reddy made his directorial debut with the comedy film Bhagyanagara Veedhullo Gammattu, which he also produced under his own production banner.
Saint-Gal-sur-Sioule
Saint-Gal-sur-Sioule (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ ɡal syʁ sjul], literally Saint-Gal on Sioule; Auvergnat: Sent Jau) is a commune in the Puy-de-Dôme department in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in central France.

Auvergnat
Auvergnat (/ˌoʊvɛrnˈjɑː/; French pronunciation: [ovɛʁɲa] ⓘ) or Occitan auvergnat (endonym: auvernhat ) is a northern dialect of Occitan spoken in central and southern France, in particular in the former administrative region of Auvergne.

Currently, research shows that there is not really a true Auvergnat dialect but rather a vast northern Occitan linguistic area. 
The word "Auvergnat" is above all a local historiographical creation. According to linguist Jean Roux, "It is by simplification that we use this term, because in no case Auvergnat can be considered as an autonomous linguistic entity".

With around 80,000 speakers in the Auvergne region at the beginning of the 21st century, it is considered to be severely endangered.
Dun-les-Places
Dun-les-Places (French pronunciation: [dœ̃ le plas]) is a commune in the Nièvre department in central France. It is within Morvan Regional Natural Park, on the departmental border with Yonne.

The village is historically significant as one of the "martyred villages" of the Liberation in 1944; the occupying forces killed 27 inhabitants before their retreat to Germany, making it the worst World War II massacre in Burgundy.

Yonne
Yonne (French: [jɔn], in Burgundian: Ghienne) is a department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in France. It is named after the river Yonne, which flows through it, in the country's north-central part. One of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté's eight constituent departments, it is located in its northwestern part, bordering Île-de-France. It was created in 1790 during the French Revolution. Its prefecture is Auxerre, with subprefectures in Avallon and Sens. Its INSEE and postcode number is 89.

Yonne is Bourgogne-Franche-Comté's fourth-most populous department, with a population of 335,707 (2019). Its largest city is its prefecture Auxerre, with a population of about 35,000 within city limits and 68,000 in the urban area.
1831 census of the Ottoman Empire
1831 census of the Ottoman Empire was the first available population information in the West. The Europeans estimates before this census, some of whom, such as William Eton, David Urquhart, Georg Hassel was based on their personal assumptions which in these publications claimed to be gathered from Ottoman court.

The "first" modern Ottoman census was conducted beginning in 1828/29 in both Europe and Anatolia. It was required after the Auspicious Incident in 1826. Many of the old customs and procedures changed at this census. Advent of the war with Russia in 1828-1829 prevented generalization of these procedures.

Auspicious Incident
The Auspicious Incident or Auspicious Event (Ottoman Turkish: وقعۀ خيريّه, romanized: Vak'a-i Hayriyye, lit. 'The Fortunate Event' in Constantinople; Vaka-i Şerriyye, lit. 'Event of Malignity' in the Balkans) was the forced disbandment of the centuries-old Janissary Corps by Ottoman Sultan Mahmud II on 15 June 1826. Most of the 135,000 Janissaries revolted against Mahmud II, and after the rebellion was suppressed, most of them were executed (6,000 or more), exiled or imprisoned. The disbanded Janissary corps was replaced with a more modern military force.
McAlister Square
McAlister Square is an American repositioned shopping mall in Greenville, South Carolina. It is notable for being the first enclosed shopping center in South Carolina, and the largest shopping center in the state at the time it was built. It is now a hybrid property, with the largest tenant being the University Center of Greenville.

Ivey's
Ivey's (J.B. Ivey & Company), a former department store chain, was acquired by Dillard's, Inc. in 1990. Ivey's was based in Charlotte, North Carolina, and was founded in 1900 by Joseph Benjamin (J. B.) Ivey.
2024–25 Belarusian Cup
The 2024–25 Belarusian Cup was the 34th season of Belarus's annual knock-out cup football competition. The winners qualified for the 2025–26 Conference League first qualifying round.

Defending cup holders Neman Grodno retained the cup on 24 May 2025 (their third Belarusian Cup win), defeating Torpedo-BelAZ Zhodino 3–0 in the final. Since they qualified for the Conference League based on league position, the spot for winning the cup was passed to the fourth-placed team of the 2024 Belarusian Premier League.

Belarusian Cup
The Belarusian Cup (Belarusian: Кубак Беларусі, romanized: Kubak Belarusi) is an annual association football knock-out cup competition for men's football clubs of Belarus, organized by the Football Federation of Belarus.

Belarusian Cup was established in 1992. Each year the winning team qualifies for the UEFA Europa League.
2016–17 Liechtenstein Cup
The 2016–17 Liechtenstein Cup is the 72nd season of Liechtenstein's annual cup competition. Seven clubs competed with a total of 17 teams for one spot in the first qualifying round of the 2017–18 UEFA Europa League. FC Vaduz are the defending champions.

Liechtenstein Football Cup
The Liechtenstein Football Cup  is Liechtenstein's premier football competition, and has been organised annually by the Liechtenstein Football Association (LFV) since 1946. The winner qualifies to take part in the UEFA Conference League.

As there is no national league in Liechtenstein, the Liechtenstein Football Cup is the only national football competition in the country. The country has only seven clubs, all of which historically have already established themselves in the Swiss league competitions. The national cup competition is currently the only route for Liechtenstein to be represented at the European football club competitions, since Liechtensteiner clubs are prevented from qualifying for European competition via the Swiss league system.
Ötztaler Ache
The Ötztaler Ache is a river in the district of Imst, Tyrol state of Austria. It is a right tributary of the Inn. It flows through the Ötztal valley, a southern branch the Inntal. Including its source rivers Venter Ache and Rofenache, it is 66.5 kilometres (41.3 mi) long. The Rofenache is the runoff of the Hintereisferner, a glacier at the foot of the Weißkugel, Ötztal Alps. At Vent, near Sölden, it takes up the Niedertalbach and its name changes to Venter Ache. At the confluence with the Gurgler Ache in Zwieselstein, Sölden, the Ötztaler Ache proper is formed. It flows through Sölden, Längenfeld, Umhausen and Oetz before joining the Inn 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) east of Imst. The river is one of its bigger tributaries.

Imst District
The Bezirk Imst is an administrative district (Bezirk) in Tyrol, Austria. It borders the district Reutte in the north, as well as sharing a small border with Bavaria (Germany). It borders the district Innsbruck-Land in the east, South Tyrol (Italy) in the south, and the district Landeck in the west.

Area of the district is 1,724.65 square kilometres (665.89 sq mi), which makes it by area rank 4 of the districts of Tyrol, with a population of 57,734 (as of January 1, 2012) (Number 6 in Tyrol), and a population density of 33 persons per km2. The administrative center of the district is Imst.
Luciana Abait
Luciana Abait is an Argentine artist. She was born and raised in Buenos Aires, Argentina, and studied drawing, painting, photography, sculpture, and printmaking at the National School of the Arts in Buenos Aires. Abait immigrated to the United States in 1997. She has exhibited in Europe, Asia, Latin America, the United States, as well as numerous museums and international art fairs. She lives and works in Los Angeles, California, and is a resident artist at the 18th Street Arts Center in Santa Monica.

Los Angeles World Airports
Los Angeles World Airports (LAWA) is the airport authority that owns and operates Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) and Van Nuys Airport (VNY) for the city of Los Angeles, California. LAWA also owns and manages aviation-related property near  Palmdale Regional Airport (PMD).

The authority's headquarters are on the grounds of LAX in the Los Angeles neighborhood of Westchester.
2019 Jinan International Open – Women's doubles
Wang Xinyu and You Xiaodi were the defending champions, but Wang chose to compete at the 2019 US Open instead. You partnered alongside Chihiro Muramatsu, but lost in the first round to Eudice Chong and Aldila Sutjiadi.

Yuan Yue and Zheng Wushuang won the title, defeating Samantha Murray and Eden Silva in the final, 1–6, 6–4, [10–7].

Chihiro Muramatsu
Chihiro Muramatsu (村松千裕, Muramatsu Chihiro; born 22 May 1998) is a Japanese tennis player.
On 24 February 2020, she achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No. 205. On 2 April 2018, she peaked at No. 303 in the WTA doubles rankings.

Muramatsu has won one singles title and three doubles titles on the ITF Circuit.
Ludger Lohmann
Ludger Lohmann  (born 1954 in Herne) is a highly acknowledged organist.

Lohmann studied school and church music, musicology, philosophy and geography in Cologne. He studied organ with Wolfgang Stockmeier and harpsichord with Hugo Ruf. He took private lessons with Anton Heiller in Vienna and Marie-Claire Alain in Paris. From 1979 to 1984, Lohmann taught organ at the Hochschule für Musik und Tanz Köln. From 1983 to 2020, he was Professor of Organ at State University of Music and Performing Arts Stuttgart and for 25 years organist at Stuttgart Cathedral. Iveta Apkalna has been one of his students.

Lohmann was a guest professor at University of Hartford Hartt School, US and senior researcher in the Göteborg Organ Art Center at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden. He is also jury member of many international competitions and teacher in international master classes.

Lohmann is specialist in Early Music and Romantic Organ Literature.

He lives in Lindau on Lake Constance.

State University of Music and Performing Arts Stuttgart
The State University of Music and Performing Arts Stuttgart is a professional school for musicians and performing artists in Stuttgart, Germany. Founded in 1857, it is one of the oldest schools of its kind in Germany. It offers programs in music, performing arts, and related disciplines. The university is structured into four faculties and eleven institutes, covering areas such as composition, music education, instrumental and vocal studies, conducting, acting, and puppetry. Its main building, located on the Stuttgart Kulturmeile, was completed in 2002. As of 2023, the university enrolled approximately 800 students and employed over 500 academic and administrative staff. Admission is based on an entrance examination.
Orta Cami Mosque
Orta Cami Mosque (Crimean Tatar: Orta Cami; Ukrainian: Мечеть Орта-Джамі; Russian: Мечеть Орта-Джами; Turkish: Orta Camii) is one of the oldest mosques in Crimea. It is situated on the modern day Lenina Street in the old town of Bakhchysarai.

It used to be the main Friday prayer mosque in the capital of Crimean Khanate. The earliest known mention of it was in 1674, as a ma'ale mosque (main mosque of the corresponding district). The mosque was in bad condition and its minaret along with some other small surrounding buildings were completely destroyed until the end of 2012 when its reconstruction  started. It is financed by Hajji Enver Umerov - Omer Kirimli family. The reconstruction also involved rebuilding of the minaret from the scratch as well as some minor buildings previously located next to the mosque. Currently, as many years ago, it is once again one of the most important places in Bakhchysarai.

Crimean Khanate
The Crimean Khanate, self-defined as the Throne of Crimea and Desht-i Kipchak, and in old European historiography and geography known as Little Tartary, was a Crimean Tatar state existing from 1441 to 1783. Established by Hacı I Giray in 1441.

In 1783, violating the 1774 Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca (which had guaranteed non-interference of both Russia and the Ottoman Empire in the affairs of the Crimean Khanate), the Russian Empire annexed the khanate. Among the European powers, only France came out with an open protest against this act, due to the longstanding Franco-Ottoman alliance.
Last Night (Az Yet song)
"Last Night" is a song by American R&B group Az Yet, produced by Babyface and Mervyn Warren, and released as the first single from the group's debut album, Az Yet (1996). The song, released by LaFace and Arista Records, became the group's first hit, reaching number nine on the US Billboard Hot 100, number one on the Billboard Hot R&B Singles chart, and number four on the Billboard Top 40/Rhythm-Crossover chart. Additionally, it reached number two in Australia, number six in New Zealand, and number eight in the Netherlands. The song was also included on The Nutty Professor soundtrack.

Az Yet (album)
Az Yet is the debut album by American R&B recording group Az Yet, released in 1996. The album spawned two charting singles including the lead single "Last Night" and the cover of the Chicago song, "Hard to Say I'm Sorry". As of April 2002, the album has sold over a million, being certified platinum.
The Emergency (Ireland)
The Emergency (Irish: Ré na Práinne / An Éigeandáil) was a state of emergency in the independent state of Ireland in the Second World War, throughout which the state remained neutral. It was proclaimed by Dáil Éireann on 2 September 1939, allowing the passage of the Emergency Powers Act 1939 by the Oireachtas the following day. This gave sweeping powers to the government, including internment, censorship of the press and correspondence, and control of the economy. The Emergency Powers Act lapsed on 2 September 1946, although the Emergency was not formally ended until 1976.

Oireachtas
The Oireachtas (/ˈɛrəktəs/ EH-rək-təs; Irish: [ˈɛɾʲaxt̪ˠəsˠ]), sometimes referred to as Oireachtas Éireann, is the bicameral parliament of Ireland. The Oireachtas consists of the president of Ireland and the two houses of the Oireachtas (Irish: Tithe an Oireachtais): a lower house called Dáil Éireann and an upper house called Seanad Éireann.

The houses of the Oireachtas sit in Leinster House in Dublin, an eighteenth-century ducal palace. The directly elected Dáil is the more powerful of the houses of the Oireachtas.
Ethnic groups in Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan is a multi-ethnic country where the indigenous ethnic group, Kazakhs, comprise the majority of the population. As of 2025, ethnic Kazakhs are about 71.3% of the population and ethnic Russians are in the second place with 14.6%. These are the two dominant ethnic groups in the country with a wide array of other groups represented, including Uzbeks, Ukrainians, Uyghurs, Germans, Tatars, Azerbaijanis, Koreans, Turks, Dungans, Belarusians, Tajiks, and Kurds. Turkic peoples make up to 79% of the population while European and Caucasian peoples make up to 19%.

Ethnic groups in the Caucasus
The Caucasus is a region located partly in Eastern Europe and partly in Western Asia, spanning Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and southern Russia. Bounded by the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, it includes the Caucasus Mountains, which serve as a natural boundary between Europe and Asia.

Tens of millions of people across more than 50 ethnic groups reside in the Caucasus. There are four language families with a historic presence in the region: Caucasian, Indo-European, and Turkic and Mongolic (i.e., Altaic).
Kirk's blenny
The Kirk's blenny (Alticus kirkii) is a species of combtooth blenny (family Blenniidae) in the genus Alticus. It was described by A. Günther in 1964, originally as a member of the genus Salarias. It is a tropical blenny which is known from the Red Sea, Mozambique, Réunion, the Persian Gulf, and India, in the Indian Ocean. Kirk's blennies inhabit waters near the shore, and often spend time out of the water. They are able to breathe air when on land. They are oviparous, and form distinct pairs when mating; they also guard their eggs.

Combtooth blenny
Combtooth blennies are blenniiformids; percomorph marine fish of the family Blenniidae, part of the order Blenniiformes. They are the largest family of blennies with around 401 known species in 58 genera. Combtooth blennies are found in tropical and subtropical waters in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans; some species are also found in brackish and even freshwater environments.
Cymothoidae
The Cymothoidae are a family of isopods in the suborder Cymothoida  found in both marine and freshwater environments. Cymoithoids are ectoparasites, usually of fish, and they include the bizarre "tongue-biter" (Cymothoa exigua), which attaches to a fish's tongue, causing it to atrophy, and replaces the tongue with its own body. Ceratothoa oestroides is one of the most devastating ectoparasites in Mediterranean aquaculture. Around 40 genera and more than 380 species of cymothoid are recognised. Species of the Cymothoidae are generally found in warmer waters and rarely in the cool
and cold climates.

Cymothoida
Cymothoida is a suborder of isopod crustaceans with a mostly carnivorous or parasitic lifestyle. It contains more than 2,700 described species in four superfamilies. Members of the suborder are characterised by their specialised mouthparts which include a mandible with a tooth-like process which is adapted for cutting or slicing.
2022 Oceania Athletics Championships
The 2022 Oceania Athletics Championships, the sixteenth edition of the Oceania Athletics Championships, were held in Mackay, North Queensland from June 7–9, 2022.

Originally scheduled for 2021 in Port Vila, Vanuatu, on February 16, 2021, Oceania Athletics announced that the event would not be conducted due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It was later announced that the championships would be rescheduled and relocated to a new venue in 2022.

The Championships were held jointly with the U18 Championships,U20 Championships, Para Championships and Masters Championships, including an U16 team challenge.

North Queensland
North Queensland or the Northern Region is the northern part of the Australian state of Queensland that lies just south of Far North Queensland. Queensland is a massive state, larger than many countries, and its tropical northern part has been historically remote and undeveloped, resulting in a distinctive regional character and identity.  The region is prone to floods and cyclones.

The region has a population of 231,628 and covers 80,041.5 km2 (30,904.2 sq mi).
Dan Thiessen (politician)
Dan Thiessen (October 19, 1922–November 17, 2012) was an American politician who served in the Kansas House of Representatives and Kansas State Senate.

Thiessen worked as a farmer and rancher in Independence, Kansas. He was elected to the Kansas House in 1968 and served six terms there; in 1980, he was elected to the Kansas Senate and served an additional three terms. In 1982, Thiessen was the Republican nominee for Lieutenant Governor of Kansas, but the ticket was defeated and Thiessen remained in the Senate.

Lieutenant Governor of Kansas
The lieutenant governor of Kansas is the second-ranking member of the executive branch of Kansas state government. The lieutenant governor is elected on a ticket with the governor for a four-year term. The lieutenant governor succeeds to the office of governor if the office becomes vacant, and also serves as acting governor if the governor is incapacitated or absent from the state.
Murghob
Murghob (Tajik: Мурғоб) or Murghab (Russian: Мургаб, Murgab, from the Persian word margh-ab, meaning 'prairie river') is the capital of Murghob District in the Pamir Mountains of Gorno-Badakhshan, Tajikistan. With a population of just under 7,500, Murghob is the only significant town in the eastern half of Gorno-Badakhshan. It is the highest town in Tajikistan (and of the former Soviet Union) at 3,650 meters above sea level. It is where the Pamir Highway crosses the Bartang river.

The Pamir Highway goes north to Sary-Tash and on to Osh in Kyrgyzstan and southwest to the region's capital Khorugh. Another road goes east over the Kulma Pass to the Karakoram Highway in China connecting to Tashkurgan to the south and Kashgar to the north.

Karakoram Highway
The Karakoram Highway (Urdu: شاہراہ قراقرم, Śāhirāh-i Qarāquram), also known as the KKH, National Highway 35 (Urdu: قومی شاہراہ ۳۵), N-35, and the China–Pakistan Friendship Highway, is a 1,300 km (810 mi) national highway which extends from Hasan Abdal in the Punjab province of Pakistan to the Khunjerab Pass in Gilgit-Baltistan, where it crosses into China and becomes China National Highway 314.

The highway connects the Pakistani provinces of Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa plus Gilgit-Baltistan with China's Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. The highway is a popular tourist attraction and is one of the highest paved roads in the world, passing through the Karakoram mountain range, at  at maximum elevation of 4,714 m (15,466 ft) near Khunjerab Pass. Due to its high elevation and the difficult conditions under which it was constructed, it is often referred to as the Eighth Wonder of the World. The highway is also a part of the Asian Highway AH4.