hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Moradi (surname)
Moradi (Persian: مرادی) is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ali Akbar Moradi (born 1957), Iranian musician

Amir Moradi (born 1990), Iranian middle-distance runner

Ebrahim Moradi (c.1899–1977), Iranian filmmaker

Elshan Moradi (born 1985), Iranian chess grandmaster

Houshang Moradi Kermani (born 1944), Iranian writer

Jafad Moradi (born 1984), Iranian football player

Masoud Moradi (born 1965), Iranian football referee

Mike Moradi, American biochemist, entrepreneur and diabetes advocate

Mohammad Jafar Moradi (born 1990), Iranian long distance runner

Sajjad Moradi (born 1983), Iranian middle distance runner

Shahmirza Moradi (1924–1997), Iranian sorna player

Sohrab Moradi (born 1988), Iranian weightlifter

Zak Moradi (born 1990), Kurdish-Irish hurler

Zaniar Moradi (1987–2018), executed Kurd political prisoner

Ebrahim Moradi
Ebrahim Moradi (Persian: ابراهیم مرادی; c. 1899—1977), was an Iranian filmmaker. He was early pioneer in the field of cinema in Iran and worked as a film director, film producer, screenwriter, cinematographer, and actor.
Brownsville Station
Brownsville station is a rapid transit metro station in Miami, Florida, USA.

Brownsville Station can also refer to:

Brownsville Station (band), a 1970s American rock band

Brownsville Station, Ontario, a community in South-West Oxford, Canada

South-West Oxford
South-West Oxford is a township in the Canadian province of Ontario, located within Oxford County. The township had a population of 7,664 in the 2016 Canadian census. A predominantly rural municipality, South-West Oxford was formed in 1975 through the amalgamation of Dereham and West Oxford townships and the village of Beachville.
Twardowski
Twardowski (feminine: Twardowska, plural: Twardowscy) is a Polish surname. Tvardovsky, feminine: Tvardovskaya, are  English transliterations from Russian. Notable people with the surname include:

Jan Twardowski (1915–2006), Polish priest and poet

Julia Twardowska (born 1995),  Polish female volleyball player

Kasper Twardowski (1592 – ca. 1641), Polish poet

Kazimierz Twardowski (1866–1938), Polish philosopher and logician

Romuald Twardowski (1930–2024), Polish composer

Aleksandr Tvardovsky (1910–1971), Russian poet

Aleksandr Tvardovsky
Aleksandr Trifonovich Tvardovsky (Russian: Александр Трифонович Твардовский, IPA: [ɐlʲɪkˈsandr ˈtrʲifənəvʲɪtɕ tvɐrˈdofskʲɪj]; 21 June [O.S. 8 June] 1910 – 18 December 1971) was a Soviet poet and writer and chief editor of Novy Mir literary magazine from 1950 to 1954 and 1958 to 1970. During his editorship, the magazine published One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn. He is best known for his epic poem Vasili Tyorkin.
Air Carnival
Air Carnival was an Indian regional airline based at Coimbatore International Airport with a hub at Chennai International Airport. Air Carnival was promoted by the Coimbatore Marine College (CMC) Group. It was founded in 2013 as a charter airline but transitioned to scheduled operations within South India, which were launched in July 2016.

The airline ceased operations on 6 April 2017. The Indian Directorate General of Civil Aviation suspended its air operator's permit in June 2017. In November 2017, the Chennai bench of the National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) ordered the corporate insolvency resolution process against the airline and ordered liquidation of the company in January 2019.

National Company Law Tribunal
The National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) is a quasi-judicial body in India that adjudicates issues relating to Indian companies. The tribunal, established under the Companies Act 2013, was constituted on 1 June 2016 by the government of India and is based on the recommendation of the V. Balakrishna Eradi committee on law relating to the insolvency and the winding up of companies.
Toronto International Film Festival Award for Best Canadian Short Film
The Toronto International Film Festival Award for Best Canadian Short Film, formerly also known as the NFB John Spotton Award, is an annual film award, presented by the Toronto International Film Festival to a film judged to be the best Canadian short film of the festival. As of 2017, the award is sponsored by International Watch Company and known as the "IWC Short Cuts Award for Best Canadian Short Film".

IWC Schaffhausen
IWC International Watch Co. AG, founded as the International Watch Company and trading as IWC Schaffhausen, is a Swiss luxury watch manufacturer located in Schaffhausen, Switzerland. Originally founded in Switzerland by American watchmaker Florentine Ariosto Jones in 1868, the company was transferred to the Rauschenbach family in 1880 after bankruptcy and has been a subsidiary of the Swiss Richemont Group since 2000.

IWC is best known for its luxury pilot/aviation watches and for being a pioneer in the use of ceramic and titanium in watchmaking. In 2018, IWC was recognized by the WWF for its environmental efforts and received an "Ambitious" rating, placing first amongst fifteen other Swiss watchmakers.
Andrew Norman Meldrum
Andrew Norman Meldrum (1876, Alloa – 1934, Edinburgh) was a Scottish scientist known for his work in organic chemistry and for his studies of the history of chemistry.  It has been claimed that Meldrum's acid "is the only chemical to be named after a Scotsman."

He was educated at Robert Gordon's College in Aberdeen, the Royal College of Science in London, and the University of Aberdeen. He taught at the universities of Aberdeen, Liverpool, Sheffield and Manchester, and entered the Indian Education Service in 1912.

His appointments in India included the Chair of Chemistry at the Madhavlal Ranchodal Science Institute in Ahmedabad, and finally, from 1925 until his retirement in 1931, principal of the Royal Institute of Science (University of Bombay).

History of chemistry
The history of chemistry represents a time span from ancient history to the present. By 1000 BC, civilizations used technologies that would eventually form the basis of the various branches of chemistry. Examples include the discovery of fire, extracting metals from ores, making pottery and glazes, fermenting beer and wine, extracting chemicals from plants for medicine and perfume, rendering fat into soap, making glass,
and making alloys like bronze.

The protoscience of chemistry, and alchemy, was unsuccessful in explaining the nature of matter and its transformations. However, by performing experiments and recording the results, alchemists set the stage for modern chemistry. The history of chemistry is intertwined with the history of thermodynamics, especially through the work of Willard Gibbs.
NOAA-11
NOAA-11, known as NOAA-H before launch, was an American weather satellite operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) for use in the National Operational Environmental Satellite System (NOESS) and for support of the Global Atmospheric Research Program (GARP) during 1978–1984. It was the fourth of the Advanced TIROS-N series of satellites. The satellite design provided an economical and stable Sun-synchronous platform for advanced operational instruments to measure the atmosphere of Earth, its surface and cloud cover, and the near-space environment.

Nadir
The nadir is the direction pointing directly below a particular location; that is, it is one of two vertical directions at a specified location, orthogonal to a horizontal flat surface.

The direction opposite of the nadir is the zenith.
Rashchupkin
Rashchupkin or Raschupkin (Russian: Ращупкин) is a Russian masculine surname, its feminine counterpart is Rashchupkina or Raschupkina. Notable people with the surname include:

Aleksandra Rashchupkina, Russian World War II tankist

Viktor Rashchupkin (born 1950), Russian discus thrower

Viktor Rashchupkin
Viktor Ivanovich Rashchupkin (Russian: Виктор Иванович Ращупкин, born October 16, 1950) is a Soviet/Russian athlete who competed mainly in the discus throw. He was born in Kamensk-Uralsky.

He competed for Soviet Union at the 1980 Summer Olympics held in Moscow, Soviet Union where he won the gold medal in the men's discus throw event.

With the death of Al Oerter on 1 October 2007, Rashchupkin is now the oldest surviving Olympic Champion in the Men's Discus. He is almost exactly 1 month older than 1976 Champion, Mac Wilkins.
Type 518 radar
The Type 518 radar is a Chinese high-performance L band long-range shipboard air surveillance radar. The Type 518 radar may be installed on destroyers or heavy tonnage naval vessels to detect long-range high-altitude aircraft in adverse natural noise and active electronic jamming environments.

The Type 518 has been installed and deployed on the Luhu-class destroyer and the Type 052D destroyer.

It is manufactured and exported by the Nanjing Changjiang Machinery Group Co Ltd (南京长江机器集团电子装备有限公司).

L band
The L band is the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) designation for the range of frequencies in the radio spectrum from 1 to 2 gigahertz (GHz). This is at the top end of the ultra high frequency (UHF) band, at the lower end of the microwave range.
Timeline of the 2007 Labour Party leadership election (UK)
This is a timeline of events relating to the final years of Tony Blair's tenure as Leader of the Labour Party and prime minister and the leadership elections to find replacements for him and Deputy Prime Minister John Prescott, from his announcement that he would not lead Labour into a fourth general election, concluding with Gordon Brown becoming prime minister.

Charles Clarke
Charles Rodway Clarke (born 21 September 1950) is a British Labour Party politician who held various Cabinet positions under Prime Minister Tony Blair from 2001 to 2006, lastly as Home Secretary from December 2004 to May 2006. Clarke was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Norwich South from 1997 to 2010.
1997 African Cup Winners' Cup
The 1997 African Cup Winners' Cup football club tournament was won by Étoile Sportive du Sahel in two-legged final victory against FAR Rabat. This was the twenty-third season that the tournament took place for the winners of each African country's domestic cup. Forty-one sides entered the competition. Teams from Niger and the Central African Republic were disqualified because their federations were in debt to CAF. Club 'S' Namakia from Madagascar withdrew before the 1st leg of the preliminary round, Maxaquene from Mozambique withdrew before the 1st leg of the first round while Racing Bafoussam from Cameroon was disqualified for not showing up in time for the 1st leg. The last team to withdraw from the competition was Dragons from Zaire before the 1st leg of the second round.

Jomo Cosmos replaced Orlando Pirates, who were admitted to the Champions League for being the champions of both the league and cup competitions in South Africa.

Central African Football Federation
The Central African Football Federation (French: Fédération Centrafricaine de Football) (RCA) is the governing body of football in the Central African Republic. It was founded in 1961, affiliated to FIFA in 1964.  The offices of the RCA are located in Bangui, the capital city.  The federation organizes the national football leagues, including the Central African Republic League, and the national team.
82nd Minnesota Legislature
The eighty-second Minnesota Legislature first convened on January 3, 2001. The 67 members of the Minnesota Senate and the 134 members of the Minnesota House of Representatives were elected during the General Election on November 7, 2000.

Minnesota Legislature
The Minnesota Legislature is the bicameral legislature of the U.S. state of Minnesota, composed of a Senate and a House of Representatives. The legislature originally met at the old Territorial Capitol in Saint Paul and now convenes at the Minnesota State Capitol. The Senate consists of 67 seats, the House 134 seats and the legislators serve without term limits.

The legislature meets between January and the first Monday following the third Saturday in May each year, not to exceed 120 legislative days per biennium. Floor sessions are held in the Minnesota State Capitol in Saint Paul.

In the 94th Legislature (2025-2026) the Democratic-Farmer-Labor (DFL) Party controls the Senate with 34 of the 67 seats and the House evenly split between the DFL and Republicans, with both parties holding 67 of the 134 seats.
Ministry of Disaster Management and Refugee Affairs
The Ministry of Disaster Management and Refugee Affairs (MIDIMAR; Kinyarwanda: Ministeri y'Imicungire y'Ibiza n'Impunzi; French: Ministère de la Gestion des Catastrophes et des Refugiés) is a department of the Government of Rwanda, responsible for disaster management and refugee affairs. The incumbent minister is Marcel Gatsinzi, who took office on 12 April 2010. Its head office is in the Blue Star House in Kacyiru, Kigali.

Kinyarwanda
Kinyarwanda, officially known as Ikinyarwanda, is a Bantu language and the national language of Rwanda. It is a dialect of the Rwanda-Rundi language that is also spoken in Uganda, where the dialect is known as Ikinyakore, Rufumbira, or Urufumbira. Kinyarwanda is universal among the native population of Rwanda and is mutually intelligible with Kirundi, the national language of neighbouring Burundi.

In 2010, the Rwanda Academy of Language and Culture (RALC) was established to help promote and sustain Kinyarwanda. The organization attempted an orthographic reform in 2014, but it was met with pushback due to their perceived top-down and political nature, among other reasons.
Kelekçi, Hasankeyf
Kelekçi (Kurdish: Miwêlê; Syriac: Mawālī) is a village in the Hasankeyf District of Batman Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Erebiyan tribe and had a population of 43 in 2021. It is located in the historic region of Tur Abdin.

Batman Province
Batman Province (Turkish: Batman ili; Kurdish: Parêzgeha Êlihê, transl. "Province of Êlih"; Armenian: Բատմանի զավառ, transl. "Province of Batman") is a province in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. It was created in May 1990 with Law No. 3647, incorporating districts from the eastern Siirt Province and the southern Mardin Province. The province has an area of 4,477 km2 (1,729 sq mi) and a population of 634,491 (2022). Its current governor is Ekrem Canalp.

The province is considered part of Turkish Kurdistan and has a Kurdish majority. It is an important center for Turkey's oil industry, which has driven rapid urbanization since the mid-20th century.
Barbara Fris
Barbara Fris (born May 10, 1956) is a Canadian soprano and actress who performs as an opera singer, concert artist, and recitalist.  She specializes in opera and classical symphonic works for voice, having performed across Canada, in Europe and the United States where she also has sung a wide range of works that include operettas, musical theatre, light classics, lieder, French mélodie, and art songs.

Calgary Opera
Calgary Opera is a Canadian opera company based in Calgary, Alberta. The company has its administrative base at the Mamdani Opera Centre, a 2,700-square-metre (29,000-square-foot) facility in the Wesley United Church, since July 2005. The company gives its seasonal mainstage productions at the Southern Alberta Jubilee Auditorium. During the summers of 2014–2017, the company presented Opera in the Village, the only Canadian outdoor summer opera festival.
Seroa language
Seroa, or ǃUi, is a ǃKwi language or dialect of South Africa that went extinct in the 19th century. It was spoken in the area of Bloemfontein. Seroa is the Sesotho name, literally "language of the Baroa (Bushmen)"; the people called themselves ǃUi (that is, ǃKwi), which just means 'people'. The language is labeled SIId in Dorothea Bleek's classification.

Dorothea Bleek
Dorothea Frances Bleek (later Dorothy F. Bleek; born 26 March 1873, Mowbray, Cape Town – died 27 June 1948, Newlands, Cape Town) was a South African-born German anthropologist and philologist known for her research on the Bushmen (the San people) of Southern Africa.
Ingomar, California
Ingomar was an unincorporated community in Merced County, California. It was located on the Southern Pacific Railroad 10.5 miles (17 km) northwest of Los Banos, at an elevation of 92 feet (28 m).

A post office operated at Ingomar from 1890 to 1921. The name was probably from the 1842 German play Ingomar, the Barbarian by Baron Eligius Franz Joseph von Münch-Bellinghausen, a popular work in the dramatic canon in the late 19th century.

A school was established at Ingomar in 1884, and the town was surveyed when the railroad was built through the area in 1889.  The economy was centered on farming and dairying; in the early 1910s there was a school, blacksmith shop, general store, cream-shipping depot, and housing facility for railroad work crews.  The town declined due to the closure of the post office and fouling of the water; only foundations remained as of 2009.

Friedrich Halm
Baron Eligius Franz Joseph von Münch-Bellinghausen (German: Eligius Franz Joseph Freiherr von Münch-Bellinghausen) (2 April 1806 – 22 May 1871) was an Austrian dramatist, poet and novella writer of the Austrian Biedermeier period and beyond, and is more generally known under his pseudonym Friedrich Halm.
Probiotics in children
Probiotics are live microorganisms promoted with claims that they provide health benefits when consumed, generally by improving or restoring the gut flora. Probiotics are considered generally safe to consume, but may cause bacteria-host interactions and unwanted side effects in rare cases. There is little evidence that probiotics bring the health benefits claimed for them.

Generally recognized as safe
Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) is a United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) designation that a chemical or substance added to food is considered safe by experts under the conditions of its intended use. An ingredient with a GRAS designation is exempted from the usual Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) food additive tolerance requirements.

Some examples of substances recognized as GRAS include ascorbic acid (vitamin C), citric acid, and salt, which are all commonly used in food preservation and flavoring. The concept of food additives being "generally recognized as safe" was first described in the Food Additives Amendment of 1958, and all additives introduced after this time had to be evaluated by new standards.
Samuel Lipman
Samuel Lipman (June 7, 1934 – December 17, 1994) was an American music critic and pianist who specialized in classical music. As both long-time music critic for the Commentary magazine and co-founder of The New Criterion, Lipman was a leading musical figure of neoconservatism.

Music criticism
The Oxford Companion to Music defines music criticism as "the intellectual activity of formulating judgments on the value and degree of excellence of individual works of music, or whole groups or genres". In this sense, it is a branch of musical aesthetics.

With the concurrent expansion of interest in music and information media since the turn of the 20th century, the term has come to acquire the conventional meaning of journalistic reporting on musical performances.
Scopula inductata
Scopula inductata, the soft-lined wave, is a moth of the family Geometridae. It was described by Achille Guenée in 1857. It is found in North America,  from Newfoundland to the coast of British Columbia, north to the Northwest Territories, south to Alabama and Utah.

The wingspan is 20–25 millimetres (0.79–0.98 in). Adults are on wing from July to September.

The larvae feed on Aster, Trifolium, Taraxacum, Ambrosia and Melilotus species.

Melilotus
Melilotus, known as melilot or sweet clover is a genus of legumes in the family Fabaceae, native to Europe, Asia, and Africa. The genus is closely related to Trifolium (clovers). Several species are common grassland plants and weeds of cultivated ground, and some species are now found worldwide as naturalised plants.

The scientific and English names both derive from Greek melílōtos from méli (honey), and lōtos (lotus), via Latin melilōtos and Old French mélilot. The alternative name "sweet clover" varies in orthography, also cited as sweet-clover and sweetclover. Other names include "kumoniga", from the Cumans.
Ojima Domain
Ojima Domain (小島藩, Ojima-han), also known as Kojima Domain,  was a Japanese domain of the Edo period.  It was located in Suruga Province in what is now part of modern-day Shimizu Ward of the city of Shizuoka, Shizuoka Prefecture.

Taitō
Taitō (台東区, Taitō-ku) is a special ward in the Tokyo Metropolis in Japan. In English, it is known as Taitō City.

As of May 1, 2015, the ward has an estimated population of 186,276, and a population density of 18,420 persons per km2. The total area is 10.11 square kilometres (3.90 sq mi). This makes Taito ward the smallest of Tokyo's wards in area, and third-smallest in population.
Yumeji Takehisa
Yumeji Takehisa (Japanese: 竹久 夢二, Hepburn: Takehisa Yumeji; born Mojirō Takehisa (竹久 茂次郎, Takehisa Mojirō), 16 September 1884 – 1 September 1934) was a Japanese poet and painter. He is known foremost for his Nihonga illustrations of bijin, beautiful women and girls, though he also produced a wide variety of works including book covers, serial newspaper illustrations, furoshiki, postcards, and patterned washi paper.

Furoshiki
Furoshiki (風呂敷) are traditional Japanese wrapping cloths traditionally used to wrap and/or transport goods. Consideration is placed on the aesthetics of furoshiki, which may feature hemmed edges, thicker and more expensive materials, and hand-painted designs; however, furoshiki are much less formal than fukusa, and are not generally used to present formal gifts.

While they come in a variety of sizes, they are typically almost square: the height is slightly greater than the width.

Traditional materials include silk or cotton, but modern furoshiki are available in synthetic materials like rayon, nylon, or polyester.
Sunbeam Cycles
Sunbeam Cycles made by John Marston Limited of Wolverhampton was a British brand of bicycles and, from 1912 to 1956 motorcycles.

On John Marston's death after the First World War it was bought by Nobel Industries, Nobel became ICI. Associated Motor Cycles bought it in 1937; then, BSA bought Sunbeam in 1943.  Sunbeam Cycles is most famous for its S7 balloon-tyred shaft-drive motorcycle with an overhead valve in-line twin engine.

Straight-twin engine
A straight-twin engine (also known as an inline-twin, vertical-twin, inline-2, or parallel-twin) is a two-cylinder piston engine whose cylinders are arranged in a line along a common crankshaft.

Straight-twin engines are primarily used in motorcycles; other uses include automobiles, marine vessels, snowmobiles, jet skis, all-terrain vehicles, tractors and ultralight aircraft.

Various different crankshaft configurations have been used for straight-twin engines, with the most common being 360 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees.
Denison College of Secondary Education
Denison College of Secondary Education is a dual-campus government-funded co-educational comprehensive secondary day school, located in Bathurst, in the Central West region of New South Wales, Australia.

Founded in 2007 through the amalgamation of Bathurst High School and Kelso High School, the college enrolled approximately 1,830 students in 2018, from Year 7 to Year 12, of whom 13 percent identified as Indigenous Australians and six percent were from a language background other than English. The college is operated by the NSW Department of Education; and the college principal is Cathleen Compton.

Year 12
Year 12 is an educational year group in schools in many countries including England, Wales, Northern Ireland, Australia and New Zealand. It is sometimes the twelfth or thirteenth year of compulsory education, or alternatively a year of post-compulsory education. It usually incorporates students aged between 16 and 18, depending on the locality. It is also known as "senior year" in parts of Australia, where it is the final year of compulsory education. Year Twelve in England and Wales, and in New Zealand, is the equivalent of Eleventh grade, junior year, or grade 11 in the US and parts of Canada.