hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Harvard Mark IV
The Harvard Mark IV was an electronic stored-program computer built by Harvard University under the supervision of Howard Aiken for the United States Air Force. The computer was completed in 1952. It stayed at Harvard, where the Air Force used it extensively.

The Mark IV was all electronic.  The Mark IV used a magnetic drum and had 200 registers of ferrite magnetic-core memory (one of the first computers to do so). It separated the storage of data and instructions in what is now sometimes referred to as the Harvard architecture although that term was not coined until the 1970s (in the context of microcontrollers).

Stored-program computer
A stored-program computer is a computer that stores program instructions in electronically, electromagnetically, or optically accessible memory. This contrasts with systems that stored the program instructions with plugboards or similar mechanisms.

The definition is often extended with the requirement that the treatment of programs and data in memory be interchangeable or uniform.
Ivashchenko, Belgorod Oblast
Ivashchenko (Russian: Иващенково) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Ivashchenkovskoye Rural Settlement, Alexeyevsky District, Belgorod Oblast, Russia. The population was 352 as of 2010. There are six streets.

Alexeyevsky District, Belgorod Oblast
Alexeyevsky District (Russian: Алексе́евский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Belgorod Oblast, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Alexeyevsky Municipal District. It is located in the east of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,765 square kilometers (681 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Alexeyevka (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 24,425 (2010 Census); 27,493 (2002 Census); 45,304 (1989 Soviet census).
Khoon Ka Karz
Khoon Ka Karz (transl. Blood's Pay) is a 1991 Indian Hindi-language action crime film directed by Mukul S. Anand. It stars Vinod Khanna, Rajinikanth, Sanjay Dutt, Dimple Kapadia, Kimi Katkar, Sangeeta Bijlani and Kader Khan. The film deals with three individuals who are arrested for infringements under the Indian Penal Code: Karan (Vinod Khanna), Kishan (Rajinikanth) and Arjun (Sanjay Dutt) recount to the court how two of them were adopted and nursed by a saintly woman and how they fall in love with three women. It was dubbed and released in Tamil as Arasan: The Don in 2009, eighteen years after its original release.

Kader Khan
Kader Khan (22 October 1937 – 31 December 2018) was an Indian actor, screenwriter and film producer. As an actor, he appeared in over 300 Bollywood films after his acting debut in the film Daag in 1973, starring Rajesh Khanna, as a prosecuting attorney. He was a prolific actor and screenwriter in Hindi cinema, from the late 1970s to the late 1990s and wrote dialogues for 200 films. Born in Afghanistan, Khan graduated from Ismail Yusuf College affiliated to Mumbai University. Before entering the film industry in 1971, he was a professor of civil engineering in M. H. Saboo Siddik College of Engineering, Mumbai.
Competition Aircraft
Competition Aircraft Inc, founded in 1980 by Jack Venaleck, is an American manufacturer of composite propellers for ultralight aircraft. The company headquarters is located in Grass Valley, California.

Competition Aircraft started as a subsidiary of Associated Enterprises of Painesville, Ohio. The company started producing aircraft propellers in 1983 under the Ultra-Prop brand. The company produces propellers with up to six blades.

Propeller (aeronautics)
In aeronautics, an aircraft propeller, also called an airscrew, converts rotary motion from an engine or other power source into a swirling slipstream which pushes the propeller forwards or backwards. It comprises a rotating power-driven hub, to which are attached several radial airfoil-section blades such that the whole assembly rotates about a longitudinal axis. The blade pitch may be fixed, manually variable to a few set positions, or of the automatically variable "constant-speed" type.

The propeller attaches to the power source's driveshaft either directly or through reduction gearing. Propellers can be made from wood, metal or composite materials.

Propellers are only useful at subsonic airspeeds generally below about 480 mph (770 km/h), although a speed of Mach 1.01 in a dive was achieved, with a propeller efficiency of 78%, by the McDonnell XF-88B experimental propeller-equipped aircraft.
Mahasamund
Mahasamund is a city in Mahasamund District in the Indian state of Chhattisgarh. It is situated on the Mumbai-Kolkata and Raipur-Visakhapatnam National Highways. It is one of the largest (ranked 11th) and most important cities in the State. The city is divided into 30 wards and 5 zones and is also the biggest city in the Trans-Mahanadi area. It is also the administrative headquarters of the Mahasamund District and part of the proposed new Mahasamund Municipal Corporation. The current mayor is Prakash Chandrakar.

Sambalpur
Sambalpur (Odia: [sɔmbɔlɔpuɾɔ] ⓘ) is the fifth-largest city in the Indian State of Odisha. It is located on the banks of river Mahanadi, with a population of 335,761 (as per 2011 census). Prehistoric settlements have been recorded there. It is the home of the Sambalpuri sari.
Capital Cafe
Capital Cafe, better known as Wah Sing Bing Sutt (and as Chrisly Cafe in Macau), is a traditional café in Hong Kong. Bing suits have been very popular in Hong Kong since the 1950s. It mainly sold Western drinks and light meals in the Hong Kong style, such as milk tea, red bean ice, French toast, and instant noodles.

French toast
French toast is a dish of sliced bread soaked in beaten eggs and often milk or cream, then pan-fried. Alternative names and variants include eggy bread, Bombay toast, gypsy toast, and poor knights (of Windsor).

When French toast is served as a sweet dish, sugar, vanilla, and cinnamon are also commonly added before pan-frying, and then it may be topped with sugar (often powdered sugar), butter, fruit, or syrup. When it is a savoury dish, it is generally fried with a pinch of salt or pepper, and it can then be served with a sauce such as ketchup or mayonnaise.
Fikremariam Hagos Tsalim
Fikremariam Hagos Tsalim (born in Addis Ababa on October 23, 1970) is an Eritrean prelate of the Eritrean Catholic Church who has served as bishop of the Eparchy of Segheneity since 2012. He was imprisoned without trial from October 15, 2022, until his release after 75 days.

Eritrean Catholic Eparchy of Segheneyti
The Eritrean Catholic Eparchy of Segheneyti (Latin: Eparchia Segheneitensis) is a Catholic eparchy located in the town of Segheneyti in Eritrea. It is a part of the ecclesiastical province of Asmara. The eparchy follows the Alexandrian Rite, and has a cathedral of Saint Michael the Archangel.
European Journal of Marketing
The European Journal of Marketing is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering the field of marketing. It is published by Emerald Group Publishing and the editor-in-chief is Greg W. Marshall (Rollins College). The journal was established in 1967. Since 2021, the journal publishes 13 issues per year, one of them an open access issue.

Rollins College
Rollins College is a private liberal arts college in Winter Park, Florida. It was founded in November 1885 and has about 30 undergraduate majors and several master's programs. Florida's fourth oldest post-secondary institution, and oldest private university, it has an approximate enrollment of 3,000 students, composed of roughly 2,500 undergraduates and 500 postgraduates.
William Chesarek
William David Chesarek Jr., DFC is an officer of the United States Marine Corps. As of 2022 the Marine Corps University listed him as Deputy Director of the
Expeditionary Warfare School, with the rank of lieutenant colonel, a rank he was promoted to in 2012.

Marine Corps University
Marine Corps University is a military education university system of the United States Marine Corps. It is part of the Naval University System and accredited by the Commission on Colleges of the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools to award Master's Degrees.
Leeds Festival Chorus
The Leeds Festival Chorus is based in Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. It has 140 singing members in soprano, alto, tenor and bass sections. Presenting classical choral music of a professional standard in Yorkshire and elsewhere, including at the BBC Proms and abroad - for example in Venice. The Chorus is broadcast regularly on BBC Radio 3.

The Chorus works with several orchestras, including the Hallé Orchestra, the BBC Symphony Orchestra, BBC Philharmonic, the Royal Northern Sinfonia, St. John's Smith Square, the Orchestra of Opera North and the English Chamber Orchestra.

London Chamber Orchestra
The London Chamber Orchestra (LCO) was a British chamber orchestra based in London. LCO performed at various concert halls across London and toured Asia, the UK, Europe and the United States. The orchestra gave its last performance in February 2024 and officially closed in February 2025.
Amy Westerman
Amy Westerman is an American former rugby union player. She represented the United States at the 1994 and 1998 Rugby World Cup's. She played Inside Center, Outside Center, Wing, Flyhalf, and Fullback for the Eagles; Fullback, Inside Center, and Wing for Old Gold RFC, Boston WRFC, Maryland Stingers and Beantown RFC.

Westerman scored six tries in the Eagles 121–0 trouncing of Japan at the 1994 World Cup. She later scored a hat trick against Ireland in their quarter-final encounter.

At the 1998 World Cup, Westerman scored a hat trick and made two conversions against Russia. She later scored one of six tries in their 46–6 semi-final victory over Canada.

Westerman has scored 14 tries in seven Rugby World Cup appearances.

1998 Women's Rugby World Cup
The 1998 Women's Rugby World Cup was the first world cup fully sanctioned by the International Rugby Board (IRB) and the third Women's Rugby World Cup in history. The tournament took place in Amsterdam, in the Netherlands and was the first women's world cup held outside of the United Kingdom.

The tournament saw a record 16 teams compete and heightened media attention. There was no qualification process, teams taking part by invitation from the IRB. New Zealand defeated the United States 44–12 in the final.

Several matches in the tournament were filmed for television and a one-hour TV highlights programme was produced by IMG. These recordings are held as part of the IRB's World Cup Archive.
Giovanni Mauro
Giovanni Mauro (21 July 1888 – 12 May 1958) was an Italian footballer, sports administrator, and referee.

He played friendly games only for A.C. Milan from 1909 to 1911.

He was an elite referee from 1911 to 1917. On 7 June 1925, he served as a referee in one of the finals between Genoa and Bologna of the 1924–25 Prima Divisione (Northern League).

He also refereed 23 times at international level, including two matches at the Olympic Games: Spain–Sweden at the 1920 Summer Olympics on 1 September 1920 and Egypt–Portugal at the 1928 Summer Olympics on 3 June 1928.

He was President of the Italian Referees Association from 1920 to 1927.

The Premio Giovanni Mauro ("Giovanni Mauro Award") – one of the most prestigious awards given to the referee considered to have performed the best during each Serie A season – is dedicated to his name. In 2011, he was inducted into the Italian Football Hall of Fame.

Football at the 1928 Summer Olympics
Football was one of the tournaments at the 1928 Summer Olympics. It was won by Uruguay against Argentina, and was the last Olympic football tournament before the inception of the FIFA World Cup, which was held for the first time in 1930. This edition, along with the preceding 1924 edition, were the only tournaments in history outside of the World Cup that count as Senior World Titles equivalent to the World Cup.
Chlamyphoridae
Chlamyphoridae is a family of cingulate mammals. While glyptodonts have traditionally been considered stem-group cingulates outside the group that contains modern armadillos, there had been speculation that the extant family Dasypodidae could be paraphyletic based on morphological evidence. In 2016, an analysis of Doedicurus mtDNA found it was, in fact, nested within the modern armadillos as the sister group of a clade consisting of Chlamyphorinae and Tolypeutinae. For this reason, all extant armadillos but Dasypus were relocated to a new family. The genus name comes from Ancient Greek χλαμύς (khlamús), meaning "cloak", and φόρος (phóros), "bearing".

Giant armadillo
The giant armadillo (Priodontes maximus), colloquially  tatu-canastra, tatou, ocarro or tatú carreta, is the largest living species of armadillo (although their extinct relatives, the glyptodonts, were much larger). It lives in South America, ranging throughout as far south as northern Argentina. This species is considered vulnerable to extinction.

The giant armadillo prefers termites and some ants as prey, and often consumes the entire population of a termite mound. It also has been known to prey upon worms, larvae and larger creatures, such as spiders and snakes, and plants. Some giant armadillos have been reported to have eaten bees by digging into beehives.
Divide Mountain
Divide Mountain (8,670 feet (2,643 m)) is located in the Lewis Range, Glacier National Park in the U.S. state of Montana. Divide Mountain is located south of Saint Mary, Montana on the border of Glacier National Park and the Blackfeet Indian Reservation.

Divide Mountain is also notable as the line parent of Mount Mitchell, North Carolina, which is the highest point in the Eastern United States.

Line parent
A peak's line parent is the closest higher peak on the highest ridge leading away from the peak's "key col".  A col is the lowest point on the ridge between two summits and is roughly synonymous with the lowest point of a gap, saddle and notch. The highest col of a peak is its key col. If there is more than one ridge which can be followed to a higher peak then the line parent is the peak closest to the key col. Usually, a line parent must meet some prominence criteria, which might vary depending on the author and the location of the peak.

There are at least two other kinds of peak parentage: island parentage, which is also referred to as encirclement or topographic parentage, and source parentage.
Benoy Krishna Konar
Benoy Krishna Konar (Bengali: বিনয় কোঙার; 24 April 1930 – 14 September 2014) was an Indian politician, communist leader, and one of the pioneers of the peasant uprising in West Bengal. He was the president of the All India Kisan Sabha and a member of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly for 8 years. Konar was one of the most controversial leaders of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) because of his direct involvement in the Sainbari murder, Nandigram violence, and Singur controversy.

Tata Nano Singur controversy
The Tata Nano Singur controversy was a controversy generated by land acquisition for a proposed Tata Motors automobile factory at Singur in Hooghly district, West Bengal, India. The factory would have been used to build the compact car Tata Nano.

The erstwhile state government of West Bengal created the controversy by citing the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 rule to conduct an eminent domain takeover of 997 acres (4.03 km2) of farmland on which Tata Motors was supposed to build its factory. The rule is meant for public improvement projects, and the state government wanted Tata to build in its state. The project was opposed by activists and opposition parties in West Bengal.

Leadership positions within the Singur Krishi Jami Raksha Committee (SKJRC - The Committee to Save the Farmland of Singur) were held by the locally dominant Mahishya community, who are the chasjami malik (landholder) or owner-cultivators of the region.
Nanjundapuram
Nanjundapuram is a residential neighbourhood of the city of Coimbatore in Tamil Nadu, India. It is one of the well developed neighborhoods in the city and has been part of Coimbatore Corporation since 1981. The name "Nanjundapuram" is derived from the Nanjundeshwarar Temple located on the banks of Noyyal river.

Noyyal River
Noyyal is a 180 km (110 mi)–long seasonal river in Western Tamil Nadu, India. It is a tributary of the Kaveri river. The river rises in the Vellingiri hills in the Western Ghats, and flows westwards through the cities of Coimbatore, and Tirupur, before draining into the Kaveri at Noyyal in Karur district. The river basin covers an area of 3,500 km2 (1,400 sq mi), which consists of 1,800 km2 (690 sq mi) of cultivable lands.

The river is seasonal, and dependent on the monsoon. An extensive tank system has been developed to store the river water and the overflow during monsoon. There are several check dams, and two larger dams–Aathupalayam and Orathuppalayam. Flowing through major urban areas, the river is highly polluted and faces significant ecological concern.
Meggitt
Parker Meggitt (legally Meggitt Ltd) is a British international company specialising in components and sub-systems for the aerospace, defence and selected energy markets. It was listed on the London Stock Exchange and was a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index until it was acquired by Parker Hannifin in September 2022.

FTSE 100 Index
The Financial Times Stock Exchange 100 Index, also called the FTSE 100 Index, FTSE 100, FTSE or, informally, the "Footsie" /ˈfʊtsi/, is one of the United Kingdom's best-known stock market indices and represents the 100 most highly capitalised blue chips listed on the London Stock Exchange.
Embryo Ranking Intelligent Classification Algorithm
Embryo Ranking Intelligent Classification Algorithm (ERICA) is a deep learning AI software designed to assist embryologists and clinicians during the embryo selection process leading to embryo transfer, a critical step of in vitro fertilisation treatments (IVF).

This AI-based software relies on artificial vision to extract features not identifiable with the use of conventional microscopy. Following feature extraction, ERICA accurately ranks embryos according to their prognosis (defined as euploidy and implantation potential). In this way, ERICA removes the subjectivity inherent to previously existing classifications and, by efficiently assisting clinicians, increases the chances of selecting the one embryo with the best chances to become a baby.

ERICA's algorithms and the EmbryoRanking.com associated software are cloud-based and base their ranking system on predicting individual embryo's genetic status in a non-invasive fashion.

Embryology
Embryology (from Greek ἔμβρυον, embryon, 'the unborn, embryo'; and -λογία, -logia) is the branch of zoology that studies the prenatal development of gametes (sex cells), fertilization and development of embryos and fetuses. Embryology includes teratology, the study of congenital disorders that occur before birth.

Early embryology, put forward by Marcello Malpighi, was preformationist in concept: based on the idea that organisms develop from pre-existing miniature versions of themselves.  The theory now accepted, epigenesis, is the idea that organisms develop from seed or egg in a sequence of steps.  This concept was proposed in antiquity by Aristotle. Modern embryology developed from the work of Karl Ernst von Baer, though accurate observations had been made in Italy by anatomists such as Aldrovandi and Leonardo da Vinci in the Renaissance.
Gerben Karstens
Gerben Karstens (14 January 1942 – 8 October 2022) was a Dutch professional racing cyclist, who won the gold medal in the 100 km team trial at the 1964 Summer Olympics, alongside Bart Zoet, Evert Dolman, and Jan Pieterse. At the same Olympics he finished 27th in the individual road race. Karstens ranks 6th in all-time stage wins in Vuelta a España history.

Cycling at the 1964 Summer Olympics – Men's individual road race
The men's individual road race was a road bicycle racing event held as part of the Cycling at the 1964 Summer Olympics programme. It was held on 22 October 1964. The course, just short of 25 kilometres, was covered 8 times for a total distance of 194.832 kilometres. 132 cyclists from 35 nations competed. The maximum number of cyclists per nation was four. The event was won by Mario Zanin of Italy, the nation's second victory in the men's individual road race and third consecutive Games in the top two. Kjell Rodian earned Denmark's first medal in the event with his silver. Walter Godefroot's bronze was Belgium's fifth medal in five Games (with 2 in 1952 making up for missing the podium in 1956).
Phillipsia subpurpurea
Phillipsia subpurpurea is a species of fungus in the family Sarcoscyphaceae. It is found in Australia where it grows as a saprophyte on wood. The fungus was first described scientifically by English mycologists Miles Joseph Berkeley and Christopher Edmund Broome. Its cup-shaped fruit bodies lack stipes and have purplish interior surfaces.

Christopher Edmund Broome
Christopher Edmund Broome (24 July 1812 – 15 November 1886) was a British mycologist. The standard author abbreviation Broome is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
Zavrč
Zavrč (pronounced [ˈzaːʋəɾtʃ], in older sources Zavrče, German: Sauritsch) is a settlement in the Haloze area of Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Zavrč. It lies between the right bank of the Drava River and the border with Croatia. The area traditionally belonged to the region of Styria. It is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.

Drava Statistical Region
The Drava Statistical Region (Slovene: podravska statistična regija) is a statistical region in Slovenia. The largest city in the region is Maribor. The region's name comes from the Drava River and includes land on both banks along its course through Slovenia as well as the Pohorje mountains in the northeast of the region. The Drava is used for the production of hydroelectricity and the fertile land around it is used for agriculture. The share of job vacancies in all available jobs is among the highest in Slovenia and the region has a positive net migration rate but a very high natural decrease, which means an overall decrease in the population.
De Vic Carey
Sir de Vic Graham Carey (born 15 June 1940) was Bailiff of Guernsey from 1999 to 2005. He is the son of advocate Victor Michael Graham de Vic ("Michael") Carey and Jean (née Bullen).

At the age of 10 days, he evacuated to England with his parents in the face of German invasion. His grandfather Victor (later Sir Victor) Carey remained as Bailiff and Civil Lieutenant Governor throughout the occupation. His father joined the Somerset Light Infantry and de Vic's early years were spent in Somerset. The family returned to Guernsey in 1945. de Vic was sent away to board at Cheam School and then Bryanston. In 1959, he matriculated at Trinity Hall, Cambridge and graduated as a BA in 1962 (MA 1967).

Lieutenant Governor of Guernsey
The lieutenant governor of Guernsey is the representative of the British monarch in the Bailiwick of Guernsey, a Crown dependency of the British Crown. The role of the lieutenant governor is to act as the de facto head of state in Guernsey and as liaison between the governments of Guernsey and the United Kingdom. The holder of this office is also ex officio a member of the States of Guernsey but may not vote and, by convention, speaks in the Chamber only on appointment and on departure from post. The duties are primarily diplomatic and ceremonial. He has the authority to appoint two members of the board of governors of Elizabeth College and the Priaulx Library.

The lieutenant governor has his own flag in Guernsey, the Union Flag defaced with the Bailiwick's coat of arms.