hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ardgal mac Conaill
Ardgal mac Conaill (died 520) was a King of Uisnech in Mide of the Ui Neill dynasty. He was the son of Conall Cremthainne (died 480) and grandson of Niall Noígíallach. He is considered the third king of Uisnech in the list in the Book of Leinster.

Ardgal was slain in the Battle of Detna in Druimne Breg by Colgu, King of the Airthir of Airgialla and the high king Muirchertach mac Muiredaig (died 532) on the Louth-Meath border which points to the origins of the family of Diarmait mac Cerbaill in the territory north of the Boyne and Blackwater.

Ardgal's descendants were known as the Cenél nArdgail. They were situated among the Luigne in Co.Meath.

Niall of the Nine Hostages
Niall Noígíallach (pronounced [ˈn̠ʲiːa̯l̪ n̪oːi̯ˈɣʲiːa̯l̪əx]; Old Irish "having nine hostages"), or Niall of the Nine Hostages, was a legendary, and possibly historical, Irish king. He was reputedly a High King of Ireland, and the progenitor of the Uí Néill dynasties who dominated Ireland from the 6th to the 10th centuries. Although Irish annalistic and chronicle sources place his reign in the late 4th and early 5th centuries, modern scholars date him about half a century later.: 70
Degmaptera olivacea
Degmaptera olivacea is a species of moth of the family Sphingidae first described by Walter Rothschild in 1894. It is known from Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo.

It is similar to Smerinthulus diehli, but the hindwings are less pink, the bands on the forewing are yellowish and the apex of the forewing is less strongly produced.

Female

Female underside

Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild
Lionel Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild, Baron de Rothschild (8 February 1868 – 27 August 1937), was a British banker, politician, zoologist, and soldier, who was a member of the Rothschild family. As a Zionist leader, he was presented with the Balfour Declaration, which pledged British support for a Jewish national home in Palestine. Rothschild was the president of the Board of Deputies of British Jews from 1925 to 1926.
Network entropy
In network science,  the network entropy is a disorder measure derived from information theory to describe the level of randomness and the amount of information encoded in a graph. It is a relevant metric to quantitatively characterize real complex networks and can also be used to quantify network complexity

Network science
Network science is an academic field which studies complex networks such as telecommunication networks, computer networks, biological networks, cognitive and semantic networks, and social networks, considering distinct elements or actors represented by nodes (or vertices) and the connections between the elements or actors as links (or edges).  The field draws on theories and methods including graph theory from mathematics, statistical mechanics from physics, data mining and information visualization from computer science, inferential modeling from statistics, and social structure from sociology. The United States National Research Council defines network science as "the study of network representations of physical, biological, and social phenomena leading to predictive models of these phenomena."
Qabtan
Qabtan (Arabic: قبتان, romanized: Qabţān) is a village in northern Aleppo Governorate, northwestern Syria. Situated on the eastern Queiq Plain, it is located 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) northeast of Akhtarin, some 35 km (22 mi) northeast of the city of Aleppo, and 14 km (8.7 mi) south of the border with the Turkish province of Kilis.

Administratively the village belongs to Nahiya Akhtarin in Azaz District. Nearby localities include Turkman Bareh 4 km (2.5 mi) to the northwest, and Ziadiyah 4 km (2.5 mi) to the north. In the 2004 census, Qabtan had a population of 846.

Azaz District
Azaz District (Arabic: منطقة أعزاز, romanized: manṭiqat A'zāz) is a district of Aleppo Governorate in northern Syria. The administrative centre is the city of Azaz. At the 2004 census, the district had a population of 251,769.

The district lies between Afrin District to the west, Mount Simeon District to the south and al-Bab District to the east. To the north is the Kilis Province of Turkey.
Kir Fard
Kir Fard was a Byzantine or Armenian Roupenian nobleman who held the fortress of Kalonoros, later known as Alanya, until 1221, when it was besieged by the Seljuq Sultan Alaeddin Keykubad I. He surrendered his fortress in exchange for the fief of Akşehir, and gave his daughter Hunat Hatun in marriage to Kayqubad, who later fathered Kaykhusraw II.

Seljuk dynasty
The Seljuk dynasty, or Seljukids (/ˈsɛldʒʊk/ SEL-juuk; Turkish: Selçuklular, Persian: سلجوقیان Saljuqian,) alternatively spelled as Saljuqids or Seljuk Turks, was an Oghuz Turkic, Sunni Muslim dynasty that culturally became Persianate and contributed to Turco-Persian culture.

The founder of the Seljuk dynasty, Seljuk Beg, was a descendant of a royal Khazar chief Tuqaq who served as advisor to the King of the Khazars, in West Asia and Central Asia. The Seljuks established the Seljuk Empire (1037–1194), the Sultanate of Kermân (1041–1186) and the Sultanate of Rum (1074–1308), which stretched from Iran to Anatolia and were the prime targets of the First Crusade.
Killer Films
Killer Films is a New York City-based independent film production company founded in 1995 by film producers Christine Vachon and Pamela Koffler. The company has produced many acclaimed independent films over the past two decades including Far From Heaven (nominated for four Academy Awards), Boys Don't Cry (Academy Award winner), One Hour Photo, Kids, Hedwig and the Angry Inch, Happiness, Velvet Goldmine, Safe, I Shot Andy Warhol, Swoon, I'm Not There (Academy Award nominated), Kill Your Darlings, Still Alice (Academy Award winner) and Carol (nominated for six Academy Awards). Killer Films also executive produced Todd Haynes' five episode HBO miniseries Mildred Pierce, which went on to win five Emmys, a Golden Globe and a Screen Actors Guild Award.

In 2014, Killer Films merged with Glass Elevator Media to form Killer Content, Inc. Their logo consists of a rabbit with a dartboard for a body.

One Hour Photo
One Hour Photo is a 2002 American psychological thriller film written and directed by Mark Romanek. It stars Robin Williams as a photo technician who develops an unhealthy obsession with a family to whom he has long provided services. Connie Nielsen, Michael Vartan, Gary Cole, and Eriq La Salle appear in supporting roles.

The film premiered at the 2002 Sundance Film Festival, followed by a limited release on August 21, 2002, and a wider release on September 13. It received positive reviews from film critics, with praise for Williams' against-type performance, and grossed over $52 million on a $12 million budget.
Phil Congdon
Philip Congdon (born 6 June 1989) is a British rower.

Congdon competed for Durham University Boat Club and Molesey Boat Club. He won the bronze medal as part of the men's eight at the 2014 European Rowing Championships in Belgrade.

Molesey Boat Club
Molesey Boat Club is a rowing club  between Molesey Lock and Sunbury Lock on the River Thames in England. The club was founded in 1866 where its boathouse stands with hardstanding next to the Thames Path.

Molesey has been the organising or support club for Molesey Regatta since its inception in 1867.
Sendin' All My Love
"Sendin' All My Love" is a song by the American sibling group The Jets. It was written by Stephen Bray (who is perhaps best known for his frequent collaborations with Madonna during the 1980s) and Linda Mallah.

Released as a single from The Jets' multi-platinum album Magic, the song was not nearly as successful as some other recordings by the group on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, where it stalled at number 88 and only reached number 72 on the R&B chart.  However, in October, 1988, "Sendin' All My Love" was The Jets' first (and, to date, only) number 1 song on the dance chart, where it stayed for one week.

Stephen Bray
Stephen Pate Bray (born December 23, 1956) is an American songwriter, drummer, and record producer. He is best known for his collaborations with Madonna, being a member of the band Breakfast Club, and for winning the 2017 Grammy Award for the Best Musical Theater Album of the Tony Award-winning revival of The Color Purple. Bray owns and operates Saturn Sound recording studios and the Soultone Records label.
Victor Ngonidzashe Muzvidziwa
Professor Victor Ngonidzashe Muzvidziwa is the current Vice Chancellor of Midlands State University in Zimbabwe. He is an anthropologist trained at the University of Waikato, New Zealand. His other qualifications, BA and MA, are from the University of Zimbabwe.

University of Waikato
The University of Waikato (Māori: Te Whare Wānanga o Waikato), established in 1964, is a public research university located in Hamilton, New Zealand. An additional campus is located in Tauranga.
The university performs research in numerous disciplines such as education, social sciences, and management and is an innovator in environmental science, marine and freshwater ecology, engineering, computer science and artificial intelligence.
It offers degrees in health, engineering, computer science, management, Māori and Indigenous Studies, the arts, psychology, social sciences and education.
Aqua Planet Jeju
Hanwha Aqua Planet Jeju (Korean: 아쿠아 플라넷 제주) is an aquarium that opened in 2012 in the Jeju Province, South Korea. 
It is an aquarium operated by Aqua Planet  and is the largest public aquarium in South Korea.

Public aquarium
A public aquarium (pl. aquaria; or public water zoo) is the aquatic equivalent of a zoo, which houses living aquatic animal and plant specimens for public viewing. Most public aquariums feature tanks larger than those kept by home aquarists, as well as smaller tanks.

Since the first public aquariums were built in the mid-19th century, they have become popular and their numbers have increased. Most modern accredited aquariums stress conservation issues and educating the public.
Satish Kumar Singh
Satish Kumar Singh is a Nepalese politician who served as the 3rd Chief Minister of Madhesh Province from 7 June 2024 until his resignation on 14 October 2025.

He also resigned as a Member of Legislative Assembly from Madhesh Province on 19 January 2026 to contest 2026 Nepalese general election. Singh has served formerly as the Chairman of Tilathi Koiladi Rural Municipality from 2017 to 2022. In 2022 Nepalese local elections, for the same post, he lost to Arun Kumar Mandal of Nepali Congress.

2026 Nepalese general election
Early general elections are expected to be held in Nepal on 5 March 2026 to elect the 275 members of the House of Representatives as announced on 12 September 2025 by the President of Nepal, on the recommendation of the Government of Nepal.

There remains two ballots in the election: one to elect 165 members from single-member constituencies via FPTP, and the other to elect the remaining 110 members from a single nation-wide constituency via party-list proportional representation, as mentioned in the Constitution of Nepal.
George Macaulay Irwin
George Macaulay Irwin (May 2, 1921 – November 24, 2020) was an American expert in the arts and a businessman, editor, musician and conductor. Irwin is known for his work with arts organizations on the local, state, and national levels, as well as his efforts in preserving historic architecture. He was also the founder of America's first arts council, the Quincy Society of Fine Arts, the founder and first chairman of the Illinois Arts Council, founder and first president of the Americans for the Arts (formerly American Council for the Arts), and worked as a consultant on the committee that established the National Endowment for the Arts.

Arts council
An arts council is a government or private non-profit organization dedicated to promoting the arts; mainly by funding local artists, awarding prizes, and organizing arts events. They often operate at arms-length from the government to prevent political interference in their decisions.
Shumi Maritsa
"Maritza/Maritsa Rushes", also known as the "Chernyaev March", was the Bulgarian national anthem from 1886 until 1947. The music was derived from the German folk song  Wenn die Soldaten durch die Stadt marschieren  that was popular in Bulgaria during the mid-19th century. The original text was written by Nikola Zhivkov, a head teacher in Veles (now in North Macedonia). The lyrics were edited many times, most notably in 1912 by the poet Ivan Vazov. The title refers to the Maritsa, a river in the Balkans.

Serbo-Bulgarian War
The Serbo-Bulgarian War or the Serbian–Bulgarian War (Bulgarian: Сръбско-българска война, Srăbsko-bălgarska voyna, Serbian: Српско-бугарски рат, Srpsko-bugarski rat),  a war between the Kingdom of Serbia and the Principality of Bulgaria, erupted on 14 November [O.S. 2 November] 1885 and lasted until 28 November [O.S. 16 November] 1885. Despite Bulgaria's status as a  vassal of the Ottoman Empire, the Ottomans did not intervene in the war. Serbia initiated the fighting but suffered a decisive defeat. Austria-Hungary demanded that Bulgaria stop its invasion, and a truce resulted.

The final peace was signed on 3 March [O.S. 19 February] 1886 in Bucharest. The existing boundaries did not change. As a result of the war, European powers acknowledged the act of Unification of Bulgaria which had happened on 18 September [O.S. 6 September] 1885.
Yoder
Yoder is a surname of Swiss German origin of which the original spelling is Joder. It originated from the Canton of Bern in Switzerland. The name dates back to at least 1260, and is a shortened version of the name Theodore.

Saint Yoder (died c. 400) is a patron saint of Valais, probably the first bishop of Octodurum.

Diocese of Sion
The Diocese of Sion (Latin: Dioecesis Sedunensis, French: Diocèse de Sion, German: Bistum Sitten) is a Latin Catholic ecclesiastical territory in the canton of Valais, Switzerland. It is the oldest bishopric in the country and one of the oldest north of the Alps. The history of the Bishops of Sion, of the Abbey of St. Maurice, and of Valais as a whole are inextricably intertwined.
Broughton, Pennsylvania
Broughton is an unincorporated community in South Park Township, Pennsylvania, United States.  Originally named Curry after Joseph Curry, a frontier physician and coroner of Allegheny County in 1810, it was renamed Broughton, to avoid confusion with the nearby Curry Hollow and the Curry in Blair County.  It is located at the junction of Brownsville Road, Curry Road, and Broughton Road.  Broughton was racially integrated in the early 20th century, due to coal miners working nearby mines in Horning.  It was the location of  Pittsburgh Terminal Coal Company's No. 5 mine.

Racial integration
Racial integration, or simply integration, includes desegregation (the process of ending systematic racial segregation), leveling barriers to association, creating equal opportunity regardless of race, and the development of a culture that draws on diverse traditions, rather than merely bringing a racial minority into the majority culture. Desegregation is largely a legal matter, integration largely a social one.
All for Love (play)
All for Love; or, the World Well Lost, is a 1677 heroic drama by John Dryden which is now his best-known and most performed play. It is dedicated to the Earl of Danby. It is a tragedy written in blank verse and is an attempt on Dryden's part to reinvigorate serious drama. It is an acknowledged imitation of Shakespeare's Antony and Cleopatra, and focuses on the last hours of the lives of its hero and heroine.

Thomas Osborne, 1st Duke of Leeds
Thomas Osborne, 1st Duke of Leeds, KG (20 February 1632 – 26 July 1712) was an English Tory statesman. During the reign of Charles II of England, he was the leading figure in the English government for roughly five years in the mid-1670s. Osborne fell out of favour due to corruption and other scandals. He was impeached and eventually imprisoned in the Tower of London for five years until James II of England acceded in 1685. In 1688, he was one of the Immortal Seven who invited William of Orange to depose James II during the Glorious Revolution. Osborne was again the leading figure in England's government for a few years in the early 1690s before dying in 1712.
Robert Bauman
Robert E. Bauman (born April 4, 1937) is an American lawyer and politician. He is a former member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Maryland's 1st congressional district (1973–1981). Bauman was a prominent conservative advocate in the House before being arrested for soliciting sex from a 16-year-old boy. Following his departure from Congress, Bauman served as legal counsel for The Sovereign Society, and authored a series of financial books.

Maryland's 1st congressional district
Maryland's 1st congressional district encompasses the entire Eastern Shore of Maryland, including Salisbury, as well as Harford County and parts of Baltimore County; it is the largest congressional district in the state geographically, covering all of 10 counties and part of an 11th.

The district is currently represented by Republican Andy Harris, who defeated Democratic incumbent Frank M. Kratovil Jr. in 2010. The district was the subject of a 2014 boycott following legislation Harris introduced nullifying a District of Columbia law de-criminalizing possession of marijuana. With a Cook Partisan Voting Index rating of R+8, it is the only Republican district in Maryland.
Rangiya
Rangiya (Pron: ˈræŋˌgɪə) also known as Rangia, is a major town of Lower Assam division and a municipal board located in the Kamrup district of Assam, India. Rangiya is also the headquarters of Kamrup district, and Rangiya serves as the Sub-divisional headquarter of Rangiya Sub-division. One of Rangiya's significant features is its role as the divisional headquarter of the Northeast Frontier Railway, which is one of the major railway zones in India. Baralia river flows through the heart of the city. The Redhorn Division of the Indian Army is located just three kilometers from the city.

Bhabesh Kalita
Bhabesh Kalita (born 1 March 1972) is an Indian politician and businessman of Bharatiya Janata Party from Assam who served as the President of BJP, Assam state unit from 2021 to 2025. He represents the Rangiya constituency in the Assam Legislative Assembly since 2016. He joined the BJP in 1991 and was secretary of the BJP, Assam state unit in 2006 to 2011 and general secretary from 2011. He was Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Irrigation  and Minister of State for Education in the Sarbananda Sonowal ministry from 2016 to 2021.
Strada statale 44 del Passo di Giovo
Strada statale 44 del Passo di Giovo (SS 44) is an Italian state highway 57.829 kilometres (35.933 mi) long in Italy located in the region of Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol which connects Adige Valley with Isarco Valley passing through Passaria Valley.

It originates in Merano from the Strada statale 38 dello Stelvio and ends in Vipiteno joining the Strada statale 12 dell'Abetone e del Brennero. The road, detached from the SS 38 dello Stelvio, goes up Passaria Valley up to San Leonardo in Passiria; here begins the ascent to Monte Giovo Pass, whence the name, where it reaches its maximum altitude. The stretch between San Leonardo in Passiria and Vipiteno was built by the Austrian military in 1912. From here, the road descends to Jaufen Valley until it joins SS 12 del Brennero.

In San Leonardo in Passiria, the main valley branches off to the north-west, through which the SS 44 bis continues, leading to Rombo Pass and to the border with the Austria.

Jaufen Pass
The Jaufen Pass (German: Jaufenpass, Italian: Passo di Monte Giovo) (el. 2,094 m.) is a high mountain pass in the Alps in the South Tyrol in Italy.

It connects Meran and Sterzing on the road to the Brenner Pass. It is the northernmost pass in the Alps that is completely in Italy. The pass road is very winding, with many switchbacks.
1957–58 Eredivisie
The Dutch Eredivisie in the 1957–58 season was contested by 18 teams. At the end of the competition, Door Oefening Sterk (DOS) and SC Enschede shared the lead with 47 points. According to the rules, an extra match was required. It was played at a neutral field (De Goffert, Nijmegen) and Door Oefening Sterk won the championship by winning 1-0 after extra time.

Another play-off was held to determine which team had to relegate. Elinkwijk played GVAV at neutral terrain and won 2–1. Therefore, GVAV relegated.

Nijmegen
Nijmegen (/ˈnaɪmeɪɡən/ NY-may-gən, Dutch: [ˈnɛimeːɣə(n)] ⓘ; Nijmeegs: Nimwèège [ˈnɪmβ̞ɛːçə]) is the largest city in the Dutch province of Gelderland and the ninth largest of the Netherlands as a whole. Located on the Waal River close to the German border, Nijmegen is one of the oldest cities in the Netherlands and the first to be recognized as such in Roman times. In 2005, it celebrated 2,000 years of existence.

Nijmegen became a free imperial city in 1230 and a Hanseatic city in 1402. Since 1923 it has been a university city with the opening of a Catholic institution now known as the Radboud University Nijmegen. The city is well known for the annual Vierdaagse — the International Four Days Marches Nijmegen event.

Its population as of 2024 was 187,011.
Luke & Co
Luke & Co was a boatbuilding firm, established in 1829 in Limehouse near London. They moved to Oakbank at Itchen Ferry in 1868, and in 1895, settled at Hamble. At Hamble, they designed and built yachts of all sizes, as well as providing all kinds of services to the yachts visiting or having a berth at the river. The river Hamble was a popular place to "lay up" yachts for the winter.

Limehouse
Limehouse is a district in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets in East London. It is 3.9 miles (6.3 km) east of Charing Cross, on the northern bank of the River Thames. Its proximity to the river has given it a strong maritime character, which it retains through its riverside public houses and steps, such as The Grapes and Limehouse Stairs.

The area gives its name to Limehouse Reach, a section of the Thames which runs south to Millwall after making a right-angled bend at Cuckold's Point, Rotherhithe. The west-to-east section upstream of Cuckold's Point is properly called the Lower Pool.
Amanda Williams (artist)
Amanda Williams (born 1974) is a visual artist based in Bridgeport, Chicago. Williams grew up in Chicago's South Side and trained as an architect. Her work investigates color, race, and space  while blurring the conventional line between art and architecture. She has taught at the California College of the Arts in San Francisco, Sam Fox School of Design & Visual Arts at Washington University in St. Louis, Illinois Institute of Technology, and her alma mater Cornell University. Williams has lectured at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New Museum, School of the Art Institute of Chicago, and at a TED conference.

California College of the Arts
The California College of the Arts (CCA) is a private art school in San Francisco, California. It was founded in Berkeley, California in 1907 and moved to a historic estate in Oakland, California in 1922. In 1996, it opened a second campus in San Francisco; in 2022, the Oakland campus was closed and merged into the San Francisco campus. CCA enrolls approximately 1,239 undergraduates and 380 graduate students. In January 2026, CCA president David Howse announced the college will be closing at the end of the 2026–2027 academic year, with Vanderbilt University taking over the campus.