hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sampson Hosking
Sampson Hosking (4 January 1888 – 20 October 1974) was an Australian rules footballer who played for the Port Adelaide Football Club in the South Australian Football League (SAFL). He was twice a recipient of the Magarey Medal, an individual award given in recognition of being the best and fairest player in the SAFL. After his playing career Hosking was also an accomplished football coach successfully leading Port Adelaide and the West Torrens Football Club to a combined six premierships. In 1929 he was described in the Register as "one of the most prominent figures in the game during the past 20 years. Combining exceptional pace with a football brain of rare fertility".

West Adelaide Football Club
West Adelaide Football Club is an Australian rules football club in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL). Nicknamed the Bloods and commonly known as the Westies, the club's home base is Richmond Oval (currently known as Hisense Stadium under a sponsorship agreement). The Oval is located in Richmond, an inner-western suburb of Adelaide.

The club has won nine SANFL premierships, the most recent coming in 2015 – breaking a thirty-two-year premiership drought dating back to 1983; the second longest in the SANFL.
Burgrain train derailment
On 3 June 2022, a double decker regional train derailed north of Garmisch-Partenkirchen, near Burgrain on the Munich–Garmisch-Partenkirchen railway in southern Germany. Five people died and 68 passengers were injured, 16 of them seriously.

Railway track
Railway track (CwthE and UIC terminology) or railroad track (NAmE), also known as permanent way (per way) (CwthE) or "P way" (BrE and Indian English), is the structure on a railway or railroad consisting of the rails, fasteners, sleepers (railroad ties in American English) and ballast (or slab track), plus the underlying subgrade. It enables trains to move by providing a dependable, low-friction surface on which steel wheels can roll. Early tracks were constructed with wooden or cast-iron rails, and wooden or stone sleepers. Since the 1870s, rails have almost universally been made from steel.
Dennis Bermudez
Dennis Ross Bermudez (born December 13, 1986) is a retired American mixed martial artist who competed in the featherweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC). A professional competitor from 2009 to 2019, he made a name for himself mainly fighting on the East Coast, and was a competitor on Spike TV's The Ultimate Fighter: Team Bisping vs. Team Miller, where he became the runner-up.

Featherweight (MMA)
The featherweight division in mixed martial arts refers to different weight classes:

The UFC's featherweight division, which groups competitors within 136–145 lb (61.7-65.8 kg)

The Shooto's featherweight division, which limits competitors to 135 lb (61.2 kg)

The ONE Championship's featherweight division, with upper limit at 70.3 kg (155.0 lb)

The Road FC's featherweight division, with upper limit at 145 lb (65.5 kg)
George Dempsey (teacher)
George Dempsey  (1854 – 29 June 1924) born in the parish of St. Mary's, Dublin was a teacher of English at Belvedere College, Dublin, Ireland, who taught English to the writer James Joyce and later the poet Austin Clarke during the time they attended the Jesuit school.  At the same time he ran a grocer's shop and post office at 13 Dunville Ave, Rathmines. The character of Mr. Tate in Joyce's novels A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man and Stephen Hero is based on George Dempsey. George Dempsey died at 13 Dunville Avenue at the age of 70.

An annual prize in memory of Dempsey is awarded each year at Belvedere College to a student who has excelled in English writing.

Stephen Hero
Stephen Hero is a posthumously published autobiographical novel by Irish author James Joyce. 
It is the early version of A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. Its published form reflects only a portion of the manuscript: the first 518 pages have disappeared; 383 pages remain.
Lloyd Costello
Lloyd Edwin Albert Costello (10 December 1922 – 20 June 2001) was an Australian politician.

He was born in Flowerdale, and served in the Royal Australian Air Force from 1941 to 1946. In 1959 he was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly as the Labor member for Braddon. He served as Chair of Committees from 1961 to 1969 and as a minister from 1972 until his resignation from the House in 1975.

Tasmanian Labor Party
The Tasmanian Labor Party, commonly referred to simply as Tasmanian Labor, is a social democratic political party in Tasmania. It is the Tasmanian branch of the Australian Labor Party. Following the 2025 Tasmanian state election, the party is led by Josh Willie, and since 2014 has formed the official opposition in Tasmania, losing 5 consecutive state elections.
Tongrim station
Tongrim station is a railway station in Tongrim-ŭp, Tongrim County, North P'yŏngan Province, North Korea. It is on located on the P'yŏngŭi Line of the Korean State Railway. It is also the starting point of the Ch'ŏlsan Line.

North Pyongan Province
North Pyongan Province (also spelled North P'yŏngan; Korean: 평안북도; MR: Phyŏnganbukto; IPA: [pʰjʌŋanbuk̚t͈o]) is a western province of North Korea. The province was formed in 1896 from the northern half of the former P'yŏng'an Province, remained a province of Korea until 1945, then became a province of North Korea. Its capital is Sinŭiju. In 2002, Sinŭiju Special Administrative Region—near the city of Sinuiju—was established as a separately governed Special Administrative Region.
Aziz Bhatti Park
The Aziz Bhatti Park (Urdu: باغ عزیز بهٹی) is located near Federal Urdu University on University Road in Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.

The Park is named after the Nishan-e-Haider recipient Major Aziz Bhatti of Punjab Regiment, Pakistan Army. He defended Burki sector of Lahore on 6 September 1965, against an Indian attack during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965.

The Aziz Bhatti Park was developed in 1972 by Karachi Development Authority and handed over to Karachi Metropolitan Corporation in 1992. The park has 37 acres land but only 7 to 8 acres area is developed as park and remaining is still plain ground. There is also a natural lake in park.

Nishan-e-Haider
Nishan-e-Haider (NH; Urdu: نشان حیدر, lit. 'Mark of the Lion' or 'Emblem of the Lion') is the highest military gallantry award of Pakistan. The Nishan-e-Haider is awarded only to members of the Pakistan Armed Forces. It recognises the highest acts of extraordinary bravery in the face of the enemy in air, land, or sea. It has been awarded only 11 times since Pakistan's independence in 1947.

Nishan-e-Haider literally means "Emblem of the Lion" in the Urdu language. The word "Haider" is also the epithet of Ali, who is referred to as the 'Lion of Allah', a valiant warrior and leader. Ali was the fourth Caliph of Islam and was declared by Muhammad as the bravest person. He is known by his courage, bravery and power in Islam.
Ooencyrtus marcelloi
Ooencyrtus marcelloi is a parasitic wasp belonging to the family Encyrtidae. The species was first discovered in 2008 in a tropical lowland rainforest in the Soberanía National Park around Gamboa, Panama. The scientific name was first published in 2010.

Female length 0.9 mm; male length 0.7-0.8 mm. The hosts of this parasitic wasp are eggs of Heliconiini butterflies. Parasitized eggs were found on passion vines: Passiflora auriculata, Passiflora biflora, Passiflora coriacea and Passiflora vitifolia. From one butterfly egg, a single wasp emerges.

Gamboa, Panama
Gamboa is a small town in corregimiento  of Cristóbal in the Colón Province, Panama close to the Panama Canal and the Chagres River. It was one of a handful of permanent Canal Zone townships, built to house employees of the Panama Canal and their dependents. The name Gamboa is the name of a tree of the quince family.

Gamboa is considered an attractive location for ecotourism.
XENPAK
XENPAK is a multisource agreement (MSA), instigated by Agilent Technologies and Agere Systems, that defines a fiber-optic or wired transceiver module which conforms to the 10 Gigabit Ethernet (10GbE) standard of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.3 working group. The MSA group received input from both transceiver and equipment manufacturers during the definition process. XENPAK has been replaced by more compact devices providing the same functionality.

Agere Systems
Agere Systems, Inc. was an integrated circuit components company based in Allentown, Pennsylvania. Spun out of Lucent Technologies in 2002, Agere was merged into LSI Corporation in 2007. LSI was in turn acquired by Avago Technologies in 2014. In early 2016, Avago acquired the former Broadcom Corporation, and took on the name Broadcom Inc.
Seasonal food
Seasonal food refers to the times of the year when the harvest or the flavour of a given type of food is at its peak. This is usually the time when the item is harvested, with some exceptions; an example being sweet potatoes which are best eaten several weeks after harvest. Seasonal food reduces the greenhouse gas emissions resulting from food consumption and is integral in a low carbon diet. Macrobiotic diets emphasize eating locally grown foods that are in season.

Macrobiotic diet
A macrobiotic diet (or macrobiotics) is a restrictive dietary regime based on ideas about types of food drawn from Zen Buddhism. The diet tries to balance the food elements classified as yin and yang, a practice that also extends to cookware. Major principles of macrobiotic diets are to reduce animal products, eat locally grown foods that are in season, and consume meals in moderation.

There is no high-quality clinical evidence that a macrobiotic diet is helpful for people with cancer or other diseases, and it may be harmful.  Neither the American Cancer Society nor Cancer Research UK recommends adopting the diet. Deaths have been reported from malnutrition on strict macrobiotic diets.
NAMO Medical Education and Research Institute
NAMO Medical Education & Research Institute  (also known as Government Medical College, Silvassa) is a government medical college located in Silvassa in the union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu. The union government allocated the fund of 289 crore for its construction. The foundation stone was laid by the Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi on 19 January 2019, and the first undergraduate batch commenced on 15 August 2019.

The medical college is attached to Shri Vinoba Bhave Civil Hospital, Silvassa. It is expected to meet the growing demand of doctors in the region. The college is affiliated to Veer Narmad South Gujarat University and imparts the Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) degree which is recognized by National Medical Commission. The selection of the college is done purely on the basis of merit through National Eligibility and Entrance Test (UG). The yearly undergraduate student intake is 177.

National Medical Commission
The National Medical Commission (NMC) is a statutory body in India that regulates medical education, medical professionals, institutes, and research. Established on 25 September 2020, it replaced the Medical Council of India. The Commission grants recognition of medical qualifications, gives accreditation to medical schools, grants registration to medical practitioners, and monitors medical practice and assesses the medical infrastructure in India.

It was earlier established for 6 months by an ordinance in January 2019 and later became a permanent law passed by Parliament of India and later approved by President of India on 08-August-2019.
Roberto Kreimerman
Roberto Kreimerman (Montevideo, 1958) is a Uruguayan engineer and politician.

He graduated in Chemical Engineering from the University of the Republic (Uruguay). Afterwards he got a postgraduate degree from the University of Barcelona.

A member of the Broad Front, during 2010-2014 he served as Minister of Industry, Energy and Mining in the cabinet of President José Mujica.

As of 2019, Kreimerman left the Broad Front and joined Popular Unity, running for a Senate seat in the 2019 Uruguayan general election.

Popular Unity (Uruguay)
Popular Unity (Spanish: Unidad Popular) is a Uruguayan electoral alliance of political parties.

Previously known as Popular Assembly, they were born out of dissatisfaction with the Broad Front since it became the party in charge of the government, accusing it of being "not leftist enough". In 2013 they changed to the current name. They took part in the 2014 Uruguayan general election, when they got their first representative at the Chamber of Deputies, who has been a vocal critic of the centre-left government.

Their candidate to the 2019 Uruguayan general election was once again Gonzalo Abella, with an anti-oligarchy and anti-imperialist platform.

In 2023 they reached an agreement with the Workers' Party and the Struggling Workers' Front, forming an electoral agreement called the Popular Unity - Workers' Front. The candidate for that front in 2024 was Gonzalo Martínez from the Popular Unity, with Andrea Revuelta from the Workers' Party as the running mate.
Ashokpur Balkawa
Ashokpur Balkawa  is a village development committee in Siraha District in the Sagarmatha Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 5127 and 930 households.

2011 Nepal census
Nepal conducted a widespread national census in 2011 by the Nepal Central Bureau of Statistics. Working in cooperation with the 58 municipalities and the 3,915 Village Development Committees at a district level, they recorded data from all the municipalities and villages of each district. The data included statistics on population size, households, sex and age distribution, place of birth, residence characteristics, literacy, marital status, religion, language spoken, caste/ethnic group, economically active population, education, number of children, employment status, and occupation.
Cycling at the Summer World University Games
Cycling competitions were staged at the Summer Universiades in 1983 and 2011 as an optional sport. In 1983, road cycling and track cycling events were competed. Mountain biking and BMX cycling disciplines were introduced in 2011.

Mountain biking
Mountain biking (abbr. MTB) is a sport of riding bicycles off-road, often over rough terrain, usually using specially designed mountain bikes. Mountain bikes share similarities with other bikes but incorporate features designed to enhance durability and performance in rough terrain, such as air or coil-sprung shocks used as suspension, larger and wider wheels and tires, stronger frame materials, and mechanically or hydraulically actuated disc brakes. Mountain biking can generally be broken down into distinct categories: cross country, trail, all mountain, enduro, downhill and freeride.
Eddy Cue
Eduardo H. Cue (born October 23, 1964) is Apple's senior vice president of Services, reporting to CEO Tim Cook. Cue oversees Apple's numerous content stores and products including the iTunes Store, the Apple Books Store, Apple Music, Apple TV, Apple Pay, Siri (until 2017), Maps, iAd, iCloud services, and Apple's productivity and creativity apps. Cue testified in the antitrust case against Apple for conspiring on eBook pricing.

IAd
iAd was a mobile advertising platform developed by Apple Inc. for its iPhone, iPod Touch, and iPad line of mobile devices allowing third-party developers to directly embed advertisements into their applications. iAd was part of Apple's iOS 4. The platform launched in 2010 and was discontinued in 2016.
David Heurtel
David Heurtel is a Canadian politician, who was elected to the National Assembly of Quebec in a by-election on December 9, 2013. He represented the electoral district of Viau as a member of the Quebec Liberal Party. He was re-elected in the 2014 election. During his tenure in the National Assembly he held the portfolios of environment minister and immigration minister. He declined to run in the 2018 provincial election.

Quebec Liberal Party
The Quebec Liberal Party (QLP; French: Parti libéral du Québec [paʁti libeʁal dy kebɛk], PLQ) is a provincial political party in Quebec. It has been independent of the federal Liberal Party of Canada since 1955.

The QLP has traditionally supported a form of Quebec federalist ideology with nuanced Canadian nationalist tones that supports Quebec remaining within the Canadian federation, while also supporting reforms that would allow substantial autonomism in Quebec. In the context of federal Canadian politics, it is a more centrist party when compared to Conservative and Liberal parties in other provinces, such as the former British Columbia Liberal Party.
Ministry of Justice (Bulgaria)
Established by Decree No 1 of July 5, 1879, the Ministry of Justice of Bulgaria (Bulgarian: Министерство на правосъдието на България, romanized: Ministerstvo na pravosadieto na Bǎlgariya) is the link between the executive and judicial branches of power in Bulgaria. It directs the writing of new laws related to the judiciary and offers feedback on laws prepared by other government organizations.

Separation of powers
The separation of powers principle functionally differentiates several types of state power (usually legislation, adjudication, and execution) and requires these operations of government to be conceptually and institutionally distinct and clearly articulated, thereby maintaining the integrity of each branch. To put this model into practice, government is divided into structurally independent branches to perform various functions (most often a legislature, a judiciary and an administration, sometimes known as the trias politica). When each function is allocated strictly to one branch, a government is described as having a high degree of separation; whereas, when one person or branch plays a significant part in the exercise of more than one function, this represents a fusion of powers. When one branch holds unlimited state power and delegates its powers to other organs as it sees fit, as is the case in communist states, that is called unified power.
Winux
Winux, previously known as Wubuntu and LinuxFX is a Linux distribution for personal computers based on the Kubuntu distribution and themed close to Windows 11. It bundles OnlyOffice and other software reminiscent of Windows. The Register claimed the distribution likely infringes on trademarks by Canonical and Microsoft, while ZDNet warns that it might be a scam.

As of August 2025 Winux's website is now at winuxos.org, after winuxos.com became inaccessible in July 2025.

The Register
The Register (often also called El Reg) is a British technology news website co-founded in 1994 by Mike Magee and John Lettice. The masthead sublogo is "Biting the hand that feeds IT." The publication's primary focus is information technology news and opinions. In 2025, The Register was named the "BBC of cloud computing news" by the premiere cloud computing industry conference, CloudFest.

Situation Publishing Ltd is the site's publisher. Drew Cullen is an owner and Linus Birtles is the managing director. Andrew Orlowski was the executive editor before leaving the website in May 2019.
Furl
Furl (from File Uniform Resource Locators) was a free social bookmarking website that  allowed members to store searchable copies of webpages and share them with others. Every member received 5 gigabytes of storage space. The site was founded by Mike Giles in 2003 and purchased by LookSmart in September 2004. Diigo (a web annotation, social bookmarking & research tool website) bought it from LookSmart in exchange for equity.

Annotation
An annotation is extra information associated with a particular point in a document or other piece of information. It can be a note that includes a comment or explanation. Annotations are sometimes presented in the margin of book pages. For annotations of different digital media, see web annotation and text annotation.
Iron Man's armor
Iron Man's armor is a fictional powered exoskeleton appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. It is built and worn by billionaire Tony Stark when he assumes the identity of the superhero Iron Man. The first armor was created in-story by Stark and Ho Yinsen, and was designed by artist Jack Kirby, first appearing in Tales of Suspense #39 (March 1963).

In the fictional multiverse, the appearance of Stark's armor has changed over the years. Stark has modified or optimized the armor to adapt to specific situations. As various artists have depicted Iron Man and his armor, its appearance has changed over time.

Hulk and the Agents of S.M.A.S.H.
Hulk and the Agents of S.M.A.S.H. is an American animated television series based on the superhero character by Marvel Comics. The series premiered on August 11, 2013, on Disney XD as part of the Marvel Universe block, and ended on June 28, 2015.
Hot Springs Railroad Warehouse Historic District
The Hot Springs Railroad Warehouse Historic District encompasses three early 20th-century brick warehouses in Hot Springs, Arkansas, United States, which serve as a reminder of the importance of rail transport to the economic success of the resort community.  Located at 401-439 Broadway are three single-story utilitarian brick buildings, constructed between 1900 and 1920.  421 Broadway, at the center was originally built by the Missouri Pacific Railroad in 1915 to serve as its main freight depot in Hot Springs.

The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.

Missouri Pacific Railroad
The Missouri Pacific Railroad (reporting mark MP), commonly abbreviated as MoPac, was one of the first railroads in the United States west of the Mississippi River. MoPac was a Class I railroad growing from dozens of predecessors and mergers. In 1967, the railroad operated 9,041 miles of road and 13,318 miles of track, not including DK&S, NO&LC, T&P, and its subsidiaries C&EI and Missouri-Illinois.

Union Pacific Corporation, the parent company of the Union Pacific Railroad, agreed to buy the Missouri Pacific Railroad on January 8, 1980. Lawsuits filed by competing railroads delayed approval of the merger until September 13, 1982. After the Supreme Court denied a trial to the Southern Pacific, the merger took effect on December 22, 1982. However, due to outstanding bonds of the Missouri Pacific, its full merger into the Union Pacific Railroad did not become official until January 1, 1997.
Online Encyclopedia of Mass Violence
The Online Encyclopedia of Mass Violence (OEMV) is an online encyclopedia with the objective of documenting massacres which have occurred in the 20th century.

The project was founded by Jacques Sémelin. The Centre d’Etudes et de Recherches Internationales, Sciences Po (Paris), and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and The Hamburg Institute for Social Research are working on the project. Claire Andrieu (Sciences Po Paris) is currently supervising the project.

Hamburg Institute for Social Research
The Hamburg Institute for Social Research (German: Hamburger Institut für Sozialforschung; abbreviated HIS) is an independent private foundation whose scholarship is focused on both contemporary history and the social sciences. Founded in 1984 by Jan Philipp Reemtsma, it currently employs about 50 people with roughly 50% working in the research fields of sociology and history. The institute publishes a bimonthly journal called Mittelweg 36 and has its own publishing house, Hamburger Edition and an archive and a library.