hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Koh-i-Noor: The History of the World's Most Infamous Diamond
Koh-i-Noor: The History of the World's Most Infamous Diamond is a 2017 book on the Koh-i-Noor diamond written by William Dalrymple and Anita Anand. The gem is one of the largest cut diamonds in the world, weighing 105.6 carats (21.12 g), and part of the British Crown Jewels. Koh-i-Noor is Persian for "Mountain of Light"; it has been known by this name since the 18th century. It was originally mined in South India (in the present-day state of Andhra Pradesh) long before the 13th Century CE, and changed hands between various factions in modern-day India, Pakistan, Iran, and Afghanistan, until being ceded to Queen Victoria after the Second Anglo-Sikh War, which resulted in the Punjab region falling under Company rule in 1849.

Treaty of Lahore
The Treaty of Lahore of 9 March 1846 was a peace treaty marking the end of the First Anglo-Sikh War. The treaty was concluded, for the British, by the Governor-General Sir Henry Hardinge and two officers of the East India Company and, for the Sikhs, by the seven-year-old Maharaja Duleep Singh and seven members of Hazara, the territory to the south of the river Sutlej and the forts and territory in the Jalandhar Doab between the rivers Sutlej and Beas. In addition, controls were placed on the size of the Lahore army and thirty-six field guns were confiscated. The control of the rivers Sutlej and Beas and part of the Indus passed to the British, with the Provision that this was not to interfere with the passage of passenger boats owned by the Lahore Government. Also, provision was made for the separate sale of all the hilly regions between River Beas and Indus, including Kashmir, by the East India Company at a later date to Gulab Singh, the Raja of Jammu.
Battle of Liyang
The Battle of Liyang, fought between October 202 and June 203 in the late Eastern Han dynasty, was an invasion attempt by the warlord Cao Cao against the brothers Yuan Shang and Yuan Tan, the sons of Cao's rival Yuan Shao. The battle in October 202 was the first between the two factions since the death of Yuan Shao four months earlier. Although it ended in Cao Cao's withdrawal, events in this battle brought tensions between the Yuan brothers to the surface as Yuan Tan mutinied against his younger brother Yuan Shang after Cao Cao's temporary exit from the scene.

Yuan Shao
Yuan Shao (袁紹, pronunciationⓘ; died 28 June 202), courtesy name Benchu (本初), was a Chinese military general, politician, and warlord who lived in the late Eastern Han dynasty. He occupied the northern territories of China during the civil wars that occurred towards the end of the Han dynasty. He was also an elder half-brother of Yuan Shu, a warlord who controlled the Huai River region, though the two were not on good terms with each other.

One of the most powerful warlords of his time, Yuan Shao spearheaded a coalition of warlords against Dong Zhuo, who held Emperor Xian hostage in the imperial capital, Luoyang, but failed due to internal disunity. In 200, he launched a campaign against his rival Cao Cao but was defeated at the Battle of Guandu. He died of illness two years later in Ye. His eventual failure despite his illustrious family background and geographical advantages was commonly blamed on his indecisiveness and inability to heed the advice of his advisors.
Poncione di Piotta
The Poncione di Piotta is a mountain of the Swiss Lepontine Alps, located between Lavertezzo and Moleno in the canton of Ticino. It lies on the chain that separates the valley of Verzasca (west) from the Leventina valley (east).

Moleno
Moleno is a former municipality in the district of Bellinzona in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.

On 2 April 2017 the former municipalities of Camorino, Claro, Giubiasco, Gnosca, Gorduno, Gudo, Monte Carasso, Pianezzo, Preonzo, Sant'Antonio and Sementina merged into the municipality of Bellinzona.
Chinelo Iyadi
Chinelo Iyadi (born 2 February 1998) is a Nigerian swimmer who competes for Nigeria internationally. She emerged 44th Place for the women's 50m breaststroke during the 2019 World Aquatics Championships. She also competed in 100m breaststroke, 50m breaststroke women butterfly during the 2016 Confederation of African Swimming Association senior championships in Dakar, Senegal.

Breaststroke
Breaststroke is a swimming style in which the swimmer is on their chest and the torso does not rotate. It is the most popular recreational style due to the swimmer's head being out of the water a large portion of the time, and that it can be swum comfortably at slow speeds. In most swimming classes, beginners learn either the breaststroke or the freestyle (front crawl) first. However, at the competitive level, swimming breaststroke at speed requires endurance and strength comparable to other strokes. Some people refer to breaststroke as the "frog" stroke because the arms and legs move somewhat like a frog swimming in the water. The stroke itself is the slowest of any competitive strokes and is thought to be the oldest of all swimming strokes.
Stak Valley
Stak Valley (Urdu:  استک نالہ, Balti: སྟཀ ནལ་) is a valley in the Roundu Subdivision of District Skardu, in the Gilgit-Balitistan territory of Pakistan. The valley is on the right bank of the Indus River, between the cities of Skardu and Giligit. The valley is the biggest valley in term of area and population in Roundu subdivision. The valley has been one of the very important regions of the area in term of history and geological formation.

Balti language
Balti (Perso-Arabic script: بلتی, Tibetan script: སྦལ་ཏི།, Wylie: sbal ti) is a Tibetic language natively spoken by the ethnic Balti people in the Baltistan region of Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan, Nubra Valley of the Leh district and the Kargil district of Ladakh, India. The language differs from Standard Tibetan; many sounds of Old Tibetan that were lost in Standard Tibetan are retained in the Balti language. It also has a simple pitch accent system only in multi-syllabic words while Standard Tibetan has a complex and distinct pitch system that includes tone contour. Due to effects of dominant languages in Pakistani media like Urdu, Punjabi and English and religious impact of Arabic and Persian languages, Balti, like other regional languages of Pakistan, is continuously expanding its vocabulary base with loanwords.
Karlovačko live 2011.
Karlovačko live 2011. was a co-headlining concert tour by Croatian pop singer Jelena Rozga and Serbian rock band Bajaga i instruktori. The tour was embarked on 27 November 2011 in Split, Croatia at the Spaladium Arena, and concluded on 28 December of the same year in Pula, at the Mate Parlov Sport Centre.

Spaladium Arena
Spaladium Arena is a multi-purpose indoor arena located in Split, Croatia. It was opened in December 2008, and hosted the following month's World Men's Handball Championship in 2009.

As of August 2013, Spaladium Arena had been closed for more than a year over the inability of its operators to cover the maintenance costs. It was reopened for a Severina concert in December 2013. As of 2020, the arena was largely out of use. In 2022 it was announced that the Arena will be sold due to maintenance costs. The formal reason for the closure of the Arena is the blocking of the Sportski grad TPN d.o.o. company's account by the City of Split in June 2022, in the amount of tens of millions of kunas due to unpaid utility fees and other charges.
As of 2024, the Arena is closed and still waiting for a potential buyer.
Ethyl palmitate
Ethyl palmitate is an organic compound with the chemical formula C18H36O2. It is a colorless solid with a wax-like odor. Chemically, ethyl palmitate is the ethyl ester of palmitic acid.

Ethyl hexadecanoate is produced in aged whiskey, and is sometimes removed from the final product via chill filtering. Ethyl palmitate is used as a hair- and skin-conditioning agent.

Ethyl group
In organic chemistry, an ethyl group (abbreviated as ET, Et or et) is an alkyl substituent with the formula −CH2CH3, derived from ethane (C2H6).

Ethyl is used in the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry's nomenclature of organic chemistry for a saturated two-carbon moiety in a molecule, while the prefix "eth-" is used to indicate the presence of two carbon atoms in the molecule.
2010 U.S. Men's Clay Court Championships
The 2010 U.S. Men's Clay Court Championships was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 42nd edition of the U.S. Men's Clay Court Championships, and was an ATP World Tour 250 event. It took place at River Oaks Country Club in Houston, Texas, United States, from April 5 through April 11, 2010. Unseeded Juan Ignacio Chela won the singles title.

River Oaks Country Club
River Oaks Country Club is a country club in the River Oaks neighborhood in Houston, Texas. The club has hosted the River Oaks International Tennis Tournament since 1931. It is located at 1600 River Oaks Boulevard, Houston TX 77019.
Rohit Motwani
Rohit Heero Motwani (born 13 December 1990) is an Indian cricketer. He is a left-handed wicketkeeper-batsman who plays in the Indian domestic cricket for Maharashtra.

He was included in the India A squad to play the warm-up one-day match against England on 6 January 2013.

He was the leading run-scorer for Maharashtra in the 2017–18 Ranji Trophy, with 460 runs in five matches.

India A cricket team
The India A cricket team is a national cricket team representing second-tier cricket of India national cricket team. The matches played by India A receive first-class and List A classification. It is a developmental team, domestic players who are about to get picked and are in contention for national team get selected in this team or some international players who are not in national team contention also sometimes play.

The team had played in NKP Salve Challenger Trophy as India Red, Its names were changed for the 2006 version of this tournament. India A became India Red. The team has won the NKP Salve Challenger Trophy four times (2001/02, 2003/04, 2004,05, 2009/10) and shared the trophy thrice (1998/99, 2006/07, 2011/12). They won the Duleep Trophy in 2024.
Iván Darío González
Iván Darío González González (born 14 August 1987) is a Colombian middle- and long-distance runner. He won a gold medal in the 10,000 metres at the 2018 South American Games.

He represented Colombia at the 2020 Summer Olympics.

2018 South American Games
The 2018 South American Games was a multi-sport event that took place in Cochabamba, Bolivia. It was the 11th edition of the ODESUR South American Games.

A total of 373 sporting events are scheduled to be contested across a variety of sports.
Interior Alaskan wolf
The Interior Alaskan wolf (Canis lupus pambasileus), also known as the Yukon wolf, is a subspecies of gray wolf native to parts of British Columbia, the Northwest Territories, Interior Alaska and Yukon.

Tundra
In physical geography, a tundra (/ˈtʌndrə, ˈtʊn-/) is a type of biome where tree growth is hindered by frigid temperatures and short growing seasons. There are three regions and associated types of tundra: Arctic, Alpine, and Antarctic.

Tundra vegetation is composed of dwarf shrubs, sedges, grasses, mosses, and lichens. Scattered trees grow in some tundra regions. The ecotone (or ecological boundary region) between the tundra and the forest is known as the tree line or timberline. The tundra soil is rich in nitrogen and phosphorus. The soil also contains large amounts of biomass and decomposed biomass that has been stored as methane and carbon dioxide in the permafrost, making the tundra soil a carbon sink. As global warming heats the ecosystem and causes soil thawing, the permafrost carbon cycle accelerates and releases much of these soil-contained greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, creating a feedback cycle that contributes to climate change.
HMS Karrakatta
HMS Karrakatta (or Karakatta) was a Sharpshooter-class torpedo gunboat of the Royal Navy, launched in 1889. She was part of the Auxiliary Squadron of the Australia Station from 1890 until 1903, and was sold in 1905.

Torpedo gunboat
In the late 19th century, torpedo gunboats were a form of gunboat armed with torpedoes and designed for hunting and destroying smaller torpedo boats. By the end of the 1890s torpedo gunboats were superseded by their more successful contemporaries, the torpedo boat destroyers.
2020 Delray Beach Open
The 2020 Delray Beach Open was a professional men's tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the 28th edition of the tournament, and part of the 2020 ATP Tour. It took place in Delray Beach, Florida, United States between 17 February and 23 February 2020.

Delray Beach, Florida
Delray Beach is a city in Palm Beach County, Florida, United States, and is a principal city in the Miami metropolitan area located 52 miles (83 km) north of Miami. The population of the city was 66,846 in 2020.
Mountaingem
Mountaingems are a genus of hummingbirds, Lampornis, which inhabit mountainous regions from the south-western United States to the Isthmus of Panama.

These are medium-sized to large (10–13 cm) hummingbirds with shortish slightly curved black bills. The males typically have green upperparts and a brightly coloured throat, which is a dull colour in the female. The females of some species also may differ significantly from the males in other plumage features.

The female mountaingem is entirely responsible for nest building and incubation. She lays two white eggs in a deep plant-fibre cup nest. Incubation takes 15–19 days, and fledging another 20–26.

The food of this genus is nectar, taken from a variety of small flowers. Like other hummingbirds, mountaingems also takes small insects as an essential source of protein.

Isthmus of Panama
The Isthmus of Panama, historically known as the Isthmus of Darien, is the narrow strip of land that lies between the Caribbean Sea and the Pacific Ocean, linking North and South America. The country of Panama is located on the isthmus, along with the Panama Canal. Like several isthmuses on Earth, as a relatively narrow land bridge between close seas, it is a location of great geopolitical and strategic importance.

The isthmus is thought to have formed around 3 million years ago (Ma), separating the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and causing the creation of the Gulf Stream, as first suggested in 1910 by Henry Fairfield Osborn. Osborn based the proposal on the fossil record of mammals in Central America, a conclusion that would provide a foundation for Alfred Wegener when he proposed the theory of continental drift in 1912. Some recent studies suggest an earlier formation of the isthmus, potentially as far back as 19 Ma.
Gilbert Haven
Gilbert Haven (September 19, 1821 – January 3, 1880) was a bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church, elected in 1872. He was consecrated a bishop on May 24, 1872 at the Brooklyn Academy of Music in New York.  He was an early benefactor of Clark College (now Clark Atlanta University), visualizing it as a university of all the Methodist schools founded for the education of freedmen (former African American slaves).  He succeeded Bishop Davis Wasgatt Clark (for whom Clark College was named) as the President of the Freedman's Aid Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

Rest Haven is a historically black section for burials in Atlanta's Westview Cemetery named after Haven.

Freedman
A freedman or freedwoman is a person who has been released from slavery, usually by legal means. Historically, slaves freed themselves (runaways or maroons) through escape, self-purchase, or rebellion; or were freed through manumission (granted freedom by their owners), emancipation (granted freedom as part of a larger group), or abolition (the outlawing of slavery in general).
Trip generation
Trip generation is the first step in the conventional four-step transportation forecasting process used for forecasting travel demands. It predicts the number of trips originating in or destined for a particular traffic analysis zone (TAZ).
Trip generation analysis focuses on residences and residential trip generation is thought of as a function of the social and economic attributes of households. At the level of the traffic analysis zone, residential land uses "produce" or generate trips. Traffic analysis zones are also destinations of trips, trip attractors. The analysis of attractors focuses on non-residential land uses.

This process is followed by trip distribution, mode choice, and route assignment.

Household
A household consists of one or more persons who live in the same dwelling. It may be of a single family or another type of person group. The household is the basic unit of analysis in many social, microeconomic and government models, and is important to economics and inheritance.

Household models include families, blended families, shared housing, group homes, boarding houses, houses of multiple occupancy (UK), and single room occupancy (US). In feudal societies, the royal household and medieval households of the wealthy included servants and other retainers.
Engineer Souza Dias Dam
The Engineer Souza Dias Dam, formerly known as the Jupiá Dam, is an embankment dam on the Paraná River near Três Lagoas in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. It was constructed for hydroelectric power production, flood control and navigation. Studies on the dam and power plant began in 1951 which recommended the dam along with the Ilha Solteira Dam. The dam was inaugurated in 1968 and its generators were commissioned between 1969 and 1974.

Paraná River
The Paraná River (Portuguese: Rio Paraná [ˈʁi.u paɾaˈna] ⓘ; Spanish: Río Paraná [ˈri.o paɾaˈna] ⓘ; Guarani: Ysyry Parana) is a river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina for some 4,880 kilometres (3,030 mi). Among South American rivers, it is second in length only to the Amazon River. It merges with the Paraguay River and then farther downstream with the Uruguay River to form the Río de la Plata and empties into the Atlantic Ocean.

The first European to go up the Paraná River was the Venetian explorer Sebastian Cabot, in 1526, while working for Spain.

A drought hit the river in 2021, causing a 77-year low.
Club Deportivo Litoral (La Paz)
Club Deportivo Litoral, commonly known as Club Litoral or as just Litoral, is a Bolivian football club based in La Paz. The team plays in La Paz Football Association, the regionalised third division of Bolivian football league system.

The only participation of Litoral in international football came in 1948 when the squad competed in the South American Championship of Champions, the first wide–continental tournament of South American football.

Bolivian Football Regional Leagues
The third tier of the Bolivian football league system consists of nine regional leagues (one for each department); the number of participants varies depending

on the department. It usually has between 8 and 12 teams. The winner and the runner-up of each league compete in the Copa Simón Bolívar, with the winner of such a tournament gaining promotion to the 1st Division, and the runner-up playing a play-off match with the last two placed teams in the First Division. Until 1976, all 8 regional championships (Pando didn't have an organized tournament at the time) were the top division of the national football pyramid, with the winner of the Copa Simón Bolívar being crowned as national champion.

The oldest regional championship is the one played in La Paz. It started in 1914 and it was considered for many years as the top Bolivian league, especially when it turned into a semi-professional tournament in 1950 and started to include teams from Oruro and Cochabamba.
Steve Emerson (visual effects artist)
Steve Emerson is an American visual effects supervisor. Known for his works at LAIKA as a visual effects supervisor in acclaimed films such as  Coraline (2009), ParaNorman (2012), The Boxtrolls (2014) and Kubo and the Two Strings (2016) for which he received an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects nomination at the 89th Academy Awards. that he shared with Oliver Jones, Brian McLean, and Brad Schiff

Brad Schiff
Brad Schiff is an American stop-motion animation supervisor. Known for his works at Laika as an animation supervisor in acclaimed films such as ParaNorman (2012), The Boxtrolls (2014) and Kubo and the Two Strings for which he received an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects nomination at the 89th Academy Awards.
Abelardo Rondón
Abelardo Rondón (born 18 March 1964) is a Colombian former racing cyclist. He rode in twelve Grand Tours between 1986 and 1993. He rode in support of former tour winner Pedro Delgado in 1990 assisting him to a 4th-place finish. In 1991 he rode with Delgado in supporting Miguel Indurain, who won his first of five consecutive Tours. Rondón finished in 12th place overall. The following year he switched to the Gatorade team where he rode with another former champ in Laurent Fignon, and supported Gianni Bugno who finished on the podium in 3rd.

1992 Tour de France
The 1992 Tour de France was the 79th edition of the Tour de France, taking place from 4 to 26 July. The total race distance was 21 stages and a prologue over 3,978 km (2,472 mi). In honor of the Maastricht Treaty, which created the European Union, the Tour visited a record seven countries: France, Spain, Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and Italy.
HMS Gipsy
HMS Gipsy (or Gipsey) has been the name of several Royal Navy ships:

HMS Gipsy (1799), a schooner in service from 1799 to 1804 that captured several French privateers.

HMS Gipsy (1804), a schooner purchased in Jamaica in 1804 and sold in 1808.

HMS Gipsy (1836), a schooner tender launched in 1836 and sold in 1892.

HMS Gipsy (1897), a C-class destroyer launched in 1897 and sold in 1921. The hull was used as a pontoon until at least 1937.

HMS Gipsy (H63), a G-class destroyer launched in 1935 and mined on 21 November 1939 off Harwich.

Gypsy, the former Gravesend ferry Carlotta, requisitioned as a depot ship for the auxiliary patrol service. Bombed at Tower Pier, London in 1941

HMS Gipsy (H63)
HMS Gipsy was a G-class destroyer built for the Royal Navy during the 1930s. She spent most of the pre-war period as part of the Mediterranean Fleet. The ship was transferred to the British Isles to escort shipping in local waters shortly after the beginning of World War II. Less than a month after her arrival she struck a mine outside Harwich and sank with the loss of 30 of her crew. Her wreck was salvaged and slowly scrapped over the course of the war.
Kılıçkaya, Erzincan
Kılıçkaya is a village in the Erzincan District, Erzincan Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Keçelan tribe and had a population of 99 in 2021. The hamlets of Alişir, Fındık, Ocaklı and Sarıdana are attached to the village.

Erzincan District
Erzincan District (also: Merkez, meaning "central" in Turkish) is a district of the Erzincan Province of Turkey. Its seat is the city of Erzincan. Its area is 1,521 km2, and its population is 166,181 (2022).