hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
South Caucasus Railway
South Caucasus Railway (Armenian: Հարավկովկասյան երկաթուղի, ՀԿԵ, romanized: Haravkovkasyan yerkat’ughi, HKE, Russian: Южно-Кавказская железная дорога, ЮКЖД) is the sole railway company in Armenia, owned by Russian Railways, responsible for all inter-city, commuter, and freight rail transport in Armenia. The network consists of 780 kilometers (480 mi) of track with all lines in the Russian gauge. Railroads in Armenia are 100% electrified.

Cargo
In transportation, cargo refers to goods transported by land, water or air, while freight refers to its conveyance. In economics, freight refers to goods transported at a freight rate for commercial gain. The term cargo is also used in case of goods in the cold-chain, because the perishable inventory is always in transit towards a final end-use, even when it is held in cold storage or other similar climate-controlled facilities, including warehouses.

Multi-modal container units, designed as reusable carriers to facilitate unit load handling of the goods contained, are also referred to as cargo, especially by shipping lines and logistics operators. When empty containers are shipped each unit is documented as a cargo and when goods are stored within, the contents are termed containerized cargo. Similarly, aircraft ULD boxes are also documented as cargo, with an associated packing list of the items contained within.
Jerome Boyd
Jerome Anthony Boyd Jr (born May 26, 1986) is an American former professional football player who was a safety in the National Football League (NFL).

Boyd was born in Los Angeles, California and attended Hueneme High School (Oxnard, CA) before transferring to Dorsey High School (Los Angeles). He played college football at Oregon.

He is the son of former Seattle Seahawks linebacker Jerome Boyd.

Hueneme High School
Hueneme High School (HHS) (/waɪˈniːmiː/ wy-NEEM-ee) is a public high school in Oxnard, California. The school is part of the Oxnard Union High School District and serves students in the southern portion of the city of Oxnard and most of Port Hueneme including part of Naval Base Ventura County.
Acrometopa macropoda
Acrometopa macropoda is a species belonging to the family Tettigoniidae  subfamily Phaneropterinae. It is found in southern Europe approximately from Trieste on both sides of the Adriatic coast - Italy and Yugoslavia and to the south Greece and the Dinaric Mountains . It prefers dry grasslands and wastelands with loose bushes or higher-growing plants, such as thistles . Taxonomy- may be a
subspecies of Acrometopa servillea

Tettigoniidae
Insects in the family Tettigoniidae are commonly called katydids (especially in North America) or bush crickets. They have previously been known as "long-horned grasshoppers". More than 8,000 species are known. Part of the suborder Ensifera, the Tettigoniidae are the only extant (living) family in the superfamily Tettigonioidea.

Many species are nocturnal in habit, having strident mating calls and may exhibit mimicry or camouflage, commonly with shapes and colours similar to leaves.
Alabama Military Department
The Alabama Military Department is an executive department within the government of Alabama. The military department is responsible for managing the military forces of Alabama, including the Alabama Army National Guard, the Alabama Air National Guard, and the Alabama State Defense Force.

Government of Alabama
The government of Alabama is organized under the provisions of the 2022 Constitution of Alabama.  Like other states within the United States, Alabama's government is divided into executive, judicial, and legislative branches. Also like any other state, these three branches serve a specific purpose in terms of power.
Johann von Pallavicini
Marquess Johann von Pallavicini (German: Johann Markgraf von Pallavicini; Hungarian: Pallavicini János őrgróf;  18 March 1848 – 4 May 1941) was an Austro-Hungarian nobleman and diplomat, notably serving as ambassador at the Sublime Porte during World War I.

Sublime Porte
The Sublime Porte, also known as the Ottoman Porte or High Porte (Ottoman Turkish: باب عالی, romanized: Bâb-ı Âlî or Babıali; Turkish pronunciation: [baːbɯˈaːliː]), was a metonymy used to refer collectively to the central government of the Ottoman Empire in Istanbul. It is particularly referred to the building which housed the office of the Grand Vizier, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of the Interior, and the Supreme Council of Judicial Ordinances. Today it houses the office of the Istanbul governerate.
1913 Navy Midshipmen football team
The 1913 Navy Midshipmen football team represented the United States Naval Academy during the 1913 college football season. In their third season under head coach Douglas Legate Howard, the team compiled a 7–1–1 record, shut out seven opponents, and defeated its opponents by a combined score of 304 to 29.

The team's sole loss came in the annual Army–Navy Game, played on November 29 at the Polo Grounds in New York City; Army won 22–9.

1913 college football season
The 1913 college football season had no clear-cut champion, with the Official NCAA Division I Football Records Book listing Auburn, Chicago, and Harvard as having been selected national champions. All three teams finished with undefeated records. Chicago and Harvard officially claim national championships for the 1913 season.

Chicago was also the champion of the Western Conference, Missouri was champion of the Missouri Valley Intercollegiate Athletic Association (MVIAA), and Colorado won the Rocky Mountain Athletic Conference.
Sarcophaga africa
Sarcophaga (Bercaea) africa is a species of fly belonging to the family Sarcophagidae, the flesh-flies. It is the best known species in its genus. S. africa feeds on living and dead tissue, including snails, and other decomposing matter, and feces.

Sarcophaga africa is a synanthropic species known to cause myiasis in humans and livestock. The species is considered useful in forensic entomology due to this quality. S. africa is coprophagus, lays eggs in feces, and can be cultured from human and animal feces. The fly also lays eggs in decaying flesh and can be cultured from the decaying matter.

Synanthrope
A synanthrope (from Ancient Greek  σύν (sýn) 'together, with' and  ἄνθρωπος (ánthrōpos) 'man') is an organism that evolved to live near humans and benefit from human settlements and their environmental modifications (see also anthropophilia for animals who live close to humans as parasites). The term includes many animals and plants regarded as pests or weeds, but does not include domesticated species. Common synanthrope habitats include houses, sheds and barns, non-building structures, gardens, parks, farms, road verges and rubbish dumps.
Ashok Kumar (Rosera politician)
Ashok Kumar (Hindi: अशोक कुमार, born 27 October 1954) is an Indian politician and a member of the Indian National Congress. He is the current Working President of the Bihar Pradesh Congress Committee. He is a Member of Legislative Assembly where he represents Rosera (Vidhan Sabha constituency), he has represented the constituency for six terms. Dr. Kumar has an MBBS from Patna Medical College and Hospital.

Bihar Legislative Assembly
The Bihar Legislative Assembly (ISO: Bihār Vidhān Sabhā), is the lower house of the bicameral Bihar Legislature of the state of Bihar in India. The first state elections were held in 1952.

Before the partition of Bihar, the total strength of membership in the assembly was 331, including one nominated member. After the partition, the seats were reduced to 243 members. Shri Krishna Singh became the first leader of the House and the first chief minister, Anugrah Narayan Singh was elected as the first deputy leader of the house and the first deputy chief minister.
Sibundoy
Sibundoy (Kamëntsá: Tabanok "village") is a town and municipality in the Putumayo Department of the Republic of Colombia.

The town existed well before the Spanish came in 1534. The Inca, under Huayna Cápac, conquered the local Kamëntsá people in 1492 and established a Quechua-speaking settlement; their descendants are the modern Inga people. Most residents of Sibundoy are either Kamëntsá or Inga. Spanish is the primary language, but the Kamëntsá language and Inga language are also widely spoken. Many indigenous residents of Sibundoy and wear long, blue and violet ponchos called kapisaius and baitas.

Sibundoy is known for mask carving and other traditional crafts. In the town's park, the trunks of fallen trees are carved with symbols from the mythology of the Inga and Kamëntsá peoples.

Municipalities of Colombia
The municipalities of Colombia are decentralized subdivisions of the Republic of Colombia.   Municipalities make up most of the departments of Colombia, with 1,104 municipalities (municipios). Each one of them is led by a mayor (alcalde) elected by popular vote and represents the maximum executive government official at a municipality level under the mandate of the governor of their department which is a representative of all municipalities in the department; municipalities are grouped to form departments.

The municipalities of Colombia are also grouped in an association called the Federación Colombiana de Municipios (Colombian Federation of Municipalities), which functions as a union under the private law and under the constitutional right to free association to defend their common interests.
3Hz
3Hz Inc. (Japanese: 株式会社3Hz, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha San Herutsu) was a Japanese animation studio established by ex-Kinema Citrus animators. Yuichiro Matsuka founded the studio in March 2013. The company is referred to as Studio 3 Hz in anime credits.

On June 17, 2024, 3 Hz announced that it had transferred its animation planning and production business to A-1 Pictures. The company added that its business will continue at A-1 Pictures. Studio 3 Hz and the official X account for the Sword Art Online Alternative: Gun Gale Online II anime confirmed the same staff who have been working on the anime will continue to work on the anime at A-1 Pictures.

Animation studio
An animation studio is a company producing animated media. The broadest such companies conceive of products to produce, own the physical equipment for production, employ operators for that equipment, and hold a major stake in the sales or rentals of the media produced. They also own rights over merchandising and creative rights for characters created or held by the company, much like authors holding copyrights. In some early cases, they also held patent rights over methods of animation used in certain studios that were used for boosting productivity. Overall, they are business concerns and can function as such in legal terms.
James L. Smallwood
James L. Smallwood (1845–1885) was an American educator and barber who was born in Mulberry Ward, Philadelphia.

Smallwood was both the first African American juror in York County, Pennsylvania, and the founder of the James Smallwood Schoolhouse in York, Pennsylvania. He was also one of the original charter members of Lebanon Cemetery in York, as well as an active member of the African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church.

Smallwood died on November 3, 1885, due to paralysis.

Paralysis
Paralysis (pl.: paralyses; also known as plegia) is a loss of motor function in one or more muscles. Paralysis can also be accompanied by a loss of feeling (sensory loss) in the affected area if there is sensory damage. In the United States, roughly 1 in 50 people have been diagnosed with some form of permanent or transient paralysis. The word "paralysis" derives from the Greek παράλυσις, meaning "disabling of the nerves" from παρά (para) meaning "beside, by" and λύσις (lysis) meaning "making loose". A paralysis accompanied by involuntary tremors is usually called "palsy".
Irene Mill Finishing Plant
Irene Mill Finishing Plant, also known as the Cherokee Finishing Company, is a historic factory building located at Gaffney, Cherokee County, South Carolina, United States of America.  The building was constructed in 1915–1916, and is a large, rectangular, one-story brick building with a gable roof with exposed support beams. Also on the property are two small, square brick structures with pyramidal roofs covered with pressed metal shingles. The mill produced damask which was shipped to New England for finishing.  In the finishing plant the cloth was washed, soaked, boiled, bleached, and calendered, enabling the mill to produce finished damask products.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

Cherokee County, South Carolina
Cherokee County is a county in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 56,216. The county seat is Gaffney. The county was formed in 1897 from parts of York, Union, and Spartanburg counties. It was named for the Cherokee people who historically occupied this area prior to European encounter. Cherokee County comprises the Gaffney, SC Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson, SC Combined Statistical Area.
Josep Pallach
Josep Pallach i Carolà (Figueres (Catalonia, Spain) 1920, l'Hospitalet de Llobregat (Catalonia, Spain), 1977) was a Catalan socialist leader. A Libertarian communist during his youth, he fought with the Republic and was a leader of several anti-francoist movements.

Anarchist communism
Anarchist communism is a far-left political ideology and anarchist school of thought that advocates a form of communism. It calls for the abolition of hierarchies, as well as private property but retention of personal property and collectively owned items, goods, and services. It supports social ownership of property and the distribution of resources (i.e. from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs).

Anarchist communism was first formulated as such in the Italian section of the International Workingmen's Association. The theoretical work of Peter Kropotkin took importance later as it expanded and developed pro-organizationalist and insurrectionary anti-organizationalist section. Examples of anarchist communist societies are the anarchist territories of the Makhnovshchina during the Russian Revolution, and those of the Spanish Revolution, most notably revolutionary Catalonia.
Duke Ellington Plays Mary Poppins
Duke Ellington Plays Mary Poppins is an album by American pianist, composer and bandleader Duke Ellington, recorded in 1964 and released on the Reprise label in 1965. The album features recordings of tunes from the 1964 musical film Mary Poppins arranged by Ellington and Billy Strayhorn.

Billy Strayhorn
William Thomas Strayhorn (November 29, 1915 – May 31, 1967) was an American jazz composer, pianist, lyricist, and arranger who collaborated with bandleader and composer Duke Ellington for nearly three decades. His compositions include "Take the 'A' Train", "Chelsea Bridge", "A Flower Is a Lovesome Thing", and "Lush Life".
Phosphomannan mannosephosphotransferase
In enzymology, a phosphomannan mannosephosphotransferase (EC 2.7.8.9) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

GDP-mannose + (phosphomannan)n  GMP + (phosphomannan)n+1

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are GDP-mannose and (phosphomannan)n, whereas its two products are GMP and (phosphomannan)n+1.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring non-standard substituted phosphate groups.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is GDP-mannose:phosphomannan mannose phosphotransferase.

Guanosine monophosphate
Guanosine monophosphate (GMP), also known as 5′-guanidylic acid or guanylic acid (conjugate base guanylate), is a nucleotide that is used as a monomer in RNA. It is an ester of phosphoric acid with the nucleoside guanosine. GMP consists of the phosphate group, the pentose sugar ribose, and the nucleobase guanine; hence it is a ribonucleotide monophosphate. Guanosine monophosphate is commercially produced by microbial fermentation.

As an acyl substituent, it takes the form of the prefix guanylyl-.
USNS Mission San Luis Rey
SS Mission San Luis Rey was a Type T2-SE-A2 tanker built for the United States Maritime Commission during World War II. After the war she was acquired by the United States Navy as USS Mission San Luis Rey (AO-128). Later the tanker transferred to the Military Sea Transportation Service as USNS Mission San Luis Rey (T-AO-128). She was a Mission Buenaventura-class oiler and was named for Mission San Luis Rey de Francia, located in Oceanside, California.

Replenishment oiler
A replenishment oiler or replenishment tanker is a naval auxiliary ship with fuel tanks and dry cargo holds which can supply both fuel and dry stores during underway replenishment (UNREP) at sea. Many countries have used replenishment oilers.

The United States Navy's hull classification symbol for this type of ship was 'AOR' (Auxiliary Oil Replenishment). Replenishment oilers are slower and carry fewer dry stores than the US Navy's modern fast combat support ships, which carry the classification 'AOE'. In 2020 the US Navy began to develop a new type of ship, the 'AOL' or light replenishment oiler; construction of the first is planned for 2026.
Shelley Beattie
Shelley Ann Beattie (August 24, 1967 – February 16, 2008) was a professional female bodybuilder and actress. Beattie's highest placement was the top three at the Ms. International and Ms. Olympia contests, the two most prestigious shows for female professional bodybuilders. She was one of the few deaf professional female bodybuilders in the world, making the cover of Deaf Life magazine twice in the 1990s. After her retirement, she joined the Grinder on America's Cup team, finishing second place in both 1994 and 1995. In 2008, she died by suicide.

Female bodybuilding
Female bodybuilding is the female component of competitive bodybuilding.  It began in the late 1970s, when women began to take part in bodybuilding competitions.

The most prestigious titles in female professional bodybuilding include the Ms. Olympia, Ms. Rising Phoenix and Masters Olympia.
Battle of Talti
The Battle of Talti (Sindhi: ٽلٽي جي جنگ, Devanagari Sindhi: टलटय जय जनग) took place between Samma Chieftains allied with Sodhas and the Arghun Dynasty in 1521 A.D., mid-February (927 A.H., End of Rabi' al-Awal). At the ground of Talti near Sehwan. Backed by Makhdoom Bilawal and other religious leaders. Battle was fought to end Samma and Sodha rebels.

Tarkhan dynasty
The Tarkhan dynasty (Persian: خانوادهٔ ترخان) was established by a Tarkhan and ruled Sindh from 1554 to 1593. General Mirza Isa Beg founded the Tarkhan dynasty in Sindh after the death of Shah Husayn Arghun of the Arghun dynasty.

The Mughal emperor Akbar annexed Sindh in 1593 after defeating the last Tarkhan ruler, Mirza Jani Beg; Jani Beg and his son Mirza Ghazi Beg continued to rule as Governors for the Mughals.
A. K. Balan
A. K. Balan (born 3 August 1948) is an Indian politician and advocate. He was the Minister for Electricity and SC/ST Development in the Left Democratic Front government under V. S. Achuthanandan from 2006 to 2011, Minister for SC/ST, Law, Cultural Affairs and Parliamentary Affairs in the first Pinarayi Vijayan ministry 2016-2021 . He is a member of Central Committee of Communist Party of India (Marxist). He represented the Tarur/Kozhalmannnam constituency in the Kerala Legislative Assembly from 2006 to 2021.

Tarur Assembly constituency
Tarur is one of the 140 state legislative assembly constituencies in Kerala in southern India. It is also one of the seven state legislative assembly constituencies included in Alathur Lok Sabha constituency. As of the 2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election, the current MLA is P. P. Sumod of CPI(M).
WLCS
WLCS (98.3 FM, "Classic Hits 98.3 WLCS") is a radio station broadcasting a classic hits format. Licensed to North Muskegon, Michigan, it first began broadcasting under the WFMM call sign. The station is owned by Cumulus Media.

Despite its relatively modest 1,600-watt ERP, WLCS provides at least secondary coverage as far north as New Era and as far south as Grand Haven and Allendale. It trades heavily on its Lakeshore-centric identity; for instance, it airs bumpers touting numerous cities in its coverage area.

The station is the Muskegon affiliate for Grand Valley State Lakers football and basketball. It also airs high school football in the fall and high school basketball during the winter.

Grand Haven, Michigan
Grand Haven is a city within the U.S. state of Michigan and the county seat of Ottawa County. Grand Haven is located on the eastern shore of Lake Michigan at the mouth of the Grand River, for which it is named. As of the 2020 census, Grand Haven had a population of 11,011. The city is home to the Grand Haven Memorial Airpark (3GM) and is located just north of Grand Haven Charter Township. Grand Haven's ZIP code also serves most of Grand Haven and Robinson townships.
Maxson (surname)
Maxson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alvin Maxson (1951–2022), American football player

Eileen Maxson (born 1980), American artist

Herbert B. Maxson (died 1927), American civil engineer

Louis Maxson (1855–1916), American archer

Orrin T. Maxson (1823–1895), American physician and Wisconsin pioneer

Robert Maxson, American academic

Stephen Maxson, American behavior geneticist

William Maxson (1930–2013), American Air Force officer

Herbert B. Maxson
Herbert Burdell Maxson (1849/1850–1927) was a miner and civil engineer in Arizona and later deputy United States surveyor for Nevada. He was one of the pioneers of the National Irrigation Congress, a group concerned with water resources in the Western United States, serving eight years as its secretary. He also served on the Panama Canal staff.
John Audette
John Audette (born May 1952) is an American medical sociologist and co-founder of the International Association for Near-Death Studies (IANDS). In 1981, together with medical researchers Bruce Greyson, Kenneth Ring, and Michael Sabom, he participated in officially establishing the nonprofit organization initially named the Association for the Scientific Study of Near-Death Experiences, later known as IANDS.

Kenneth Ring
Kenneth Ring (born December 13, 1935) is an American psychologist, born in San Francisco, California. He is the co-founder and past president of the International Association for Near-Death Studies (IANDS) and is the founding editor of the Journal of Near-Death Studies. He currently lives in Kentfield, California.
Supreme Court of Judicature (Trinidad and Tobago)
The Supreme Court of Judicature for Trinidad and Tobago is the superior court for Trinidad and Tobago. It was established in accordance with the Constitution of Trinidad and Tobago and the Supreme Court of Judicature Act, 1962.

Superior court
In common law systems, a superior court is a court of general jurisdiction over civil and criminal legal cases. A superior court is "superior" in relation to a court with limited jurisdiction (see small claims court), which is restricted to civil cases involving monetary amounts with a specific limit, or criminal cases involving offenses of a less serious nature. A superior court may hear appeals from lower courts (see court of appeal). For courts of general jurisdiction in civil law system, see ordinary court.
Uuno Hannula
Uuno Yrjö Hannula (22 October 1891 – 26 July 1963) was a Finnish journalist and politician, born in Alatornio. He was a member of the Parliament of Finland from 1927 to 1944, representing the Agrarian League. He served as Minister of Education from 12 March 1937 to 27 March 1940. He was the governor of Lapland Province from 1944 to 1958. He was a presidential elector in the 1937, 1940 and 1943 presidential elections.

Alatornio
Alatornio (Swedish: Nedertorneå) is a former municipality in the province of Lapland, Finland. It was annexed with Tornio in 1973. In 1970, Alatornio had a population of 8,575 people.

Alatornio Church was built in 1797 in the neoclassical style, replacing older buildings which have existed since at least the 14th century. Remnants of a medieval church built in the 15th century can be seen opposite the main entrance today. The church is protected as part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site.