hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Neal Menzies
Neal Menzies AM (born 7 December 1959) is an Australian professor of soil science at Griffith University. In his early adult years, he completed a bachelor of agricultural science (hons) in 1985, a master of agricultural studies in 1987, and a PhD in 1992. Menzies has worked for the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) in Cameroon, the Newcastle University (Newcastle upon Tyne) in England, the University of Queensland, and Griffith University in Australia (where he is currently Pro Vice Chancellor (Sciences))

International Institute of Tropical Agriculture
The International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) is a nonprofit organization that works with partners to enhance crop quality and productivity, reduce producer and consumer risks, and generate wealth from agriculture, with the ultimate goals of reducing hunger, malnutrition, and poverty. IITA's research-for-development (R4D) focuses on addressing the development needs of tropical countries. The institute was established in 1967 and headquarters located in Ibadan, Nigeria, with several research stations spread across Africa. The organization is governed by a Board of Trustees, supported by several countries and the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR).
Mount Lafayette
Mount Lafayette is a 5,249-foot (1,600 m) mountain at the northern end of the Franconia Range in the White Mountains of New Hampshire, United States. It lies in the town of Franconia in Grafton County, and appears on the New England Fifty Finest list of the most topographically prominent peaks in New England. The mountain's upper reaches are located in the alpine zone, an area where only dwarf vegetation exists due to the harsh climate.

Topographic prominence
In topography, prominence (also referred to as autonomous height, and shoulder drop in US English, and drop in British English) is the relative height of a mountain or hill's summit relative to the lowest contour line encircling it but containing no higher summit within it. It is a measure of the independence of a summit. The key col ("saddle") around the peak is a unique point on this contour line and the parent peak (if any) is some higher mountain, selected according to various criteria.
Memorial High School (West New York, New Jersey)
Memorial High School is a four-year comprehensive public high school in West New York, in Hudson County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, serving students in ninth through twelfth grades. The school is the lone secondary school of the West New York School District, an Abbott district that serves all of West New York. The school has been accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Elementary and Secondary Schools since 1970; the school's accreditation expires in July 2029.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the school had an enrollment of 2,300 students and 148.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 15.5:1. There were 1,627 students (70.7% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 240 (10.4% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

Ninth grade
Ninth grade (also 9th or Grade 9) is the ninth year of formal or compulsory education in some countries. It is generally part of high school or secondary school depending on the country. Students in ninth grade are usually 14–15 years old.
Azteca (album)
Azteca is the debut album by former Santana band members Coke Escovedo and his brother Pete Escovedo with their new band, Azteca.

The album was released by Columbia Records in December 1972 and debuted at No. 178 on the Billboard 200 albums chart on January 13, 1973, peaking at No. 151 on February 17, 1973, and spending nine weeks on the chart.

Coke Escovedo
Joseph Thomas "Coke" Escovedo (April 30, 1941 – July 13, 1986) was an American percussionist, who came from a prominent musical family including five musician brothers and his niece, Sheila E. He played in various genres, including R&B, jazz fusion and soul, with bands including Santana, Malo, Cal Tjader, and Azteca.
Thicker than Water (1973 TV series)
Thicker than Water is an American sitcom that aired on ABC, and was based on the British sitcom Nearest and Dearest. Eight episodes were originally ordered to be shown as a summer series, with tentative plans for eight more scripts to be prepared, if the series became popular. The series ran on Wednesdays 8:00 p.m. to 8:30 p.m. from June 13 until August 8, 1973, a total of nine episodes.

Beryl Vertue, who had found success turning British TV series into popular American series (Till Death Us Do Part was the basis for All In the Family and Steptoe and Son became Sanford and Son) hoped to have similar luck turning Nearest and Dearest into a popular American series.

Beryl Vertue
Beryl Frances Vertue CBE (née Johnson; 8 April 1931 – 12 February 2022) was an English television producer, media executive, and agent. She was founder and chairman of the independent television production company Hartswood Films.
Ajeeb Daastaan Hai Ye
Ajeeb Dastaan Hai Yeh is an Indian Hindi-language television soap opera that aired on Life OK. It was produced by Ekta Kapoor under her banner Balaji Telefilms. The series was dubbed in English and aired on Star Life as An Unusual Tale.

The show was the television debut of Sonali Bendre in the fiction genre. The title of the show Ajeeb Dastaan Hai Yeh is inspired by the title song of the 1960 Bollywood movie Dil Apna Aur Preet Parai.

Disney Star
Disney Star, now JioStar India Private Limited (and formerly Star India), is an Indian media conglomerate joint venture between Disney India, Reliance Industries and the latter's subsidiary Viacom18. On 14 November 2024, Viacom18 merged its assets with Disney India's subsidiary Disney Star to form JioStar. The deal, valued at $8.5 billion, involved the investment of ₹11,000 crore (US$1.3 billion) by Reliance Industries, which left Reliance Industries with a total stake of 63.16%, 16.34% directly and 46.82 percent through Viacom18, with Disney India controlling the remaining 36.84%. It is the largest television and entertainment network in India, operating more than 100 TV channels and a major streaming platform called JioHotstar.
1990 WFA Cup final
The 1990 WFA Cup Final was the 20th final of the WFA Cup, England's primary cup competition for women's football teams. The showpiece event was played under the auspices of the Women's Football Association (WFA). Doncaster Belles and Friends of Fulham contested the match at the Baseball Ground, the former home stadium of Derby County F.C. on 28 April 1990. Doncaster Belles ended up winning the game 1–0.

Women's FA Cup
The Women's FA Challenge Cup is the top annual cup tournament for women's clubs in English football. Founded in 1970, it has been named the WFA Cup, FA Women's Cup, and now Women's FA Cup (currently known as the Adobe Women's FA Cup for sponsorship reasons).

Designed as an equivalent to the FA Cup in men's football, the competition began in 1970–71 as the Mitre Challenge Trophy, organised by the Women's Football Association (WFA). There were 71 entrants, including teams from Scotland and Wales.

The WFA ran the competition for the first 23 editions, during which time Southampton won the cup eight times. The Football Association (FA) began administering English women's football in mid-1993.

Arsenal holds the record for most titles overall, having won fourteen times. The current cup holders are Chelsea, who defeated Manchester United 3–0 in the 2025 final to win their sixth FA Cup title.
Robert Farrand
Robert Farrand (14 March 1792 – 2 February 1855) was a British politician.

Farrand was an illegitimate son of Christopher Atkinson Saville, a Member of Parliament for Hedon.  He lived at Hale Hall in Norfolk.

Saville arranged for Farrand to stand in Hedon at the 1818 UK general election as a Whig.  He won the seat, but was defeated at the 1826 UK general election.  He regained it in 1830, this time standing as a Tory.  Hedon was disenfranchised in 1832, but Farrand returned to politics when he stood in the 1837 Stafford by-election for the Conservative Party, winning the seat.  He held it at the 1837 UK general election, but stood down in 1841.

Farrand died in 1855, and is commemorated by a tablet in the church at Holme Hale.

1830 United Kingdom general election
The 1830 United Kingdom general election was held on 29 July 1830 to 1 September 1830 in the wake of the death of King George IV, producing the first parliament of the reign of his successor, King William IV. The fractured Tory party under the Duke of Wellington paved the way for Earl Grey to form a government, which would go on to take the issue of  electoral reform the following year.

The eighth United Kingdom Parliament was dissolved on 24 July 1830. The new Parliament was summoned to meet on 14 September 1830, for a maximum seven-year term from that date. The maximum term could be and normally was curtailed, by the monarch dissolving the Parliament, before its term expired. This election was the first since 1708 to cause the collapse of the government.
J. Jayavardhan
Jayakumar Jayavardhan (born 29 May 1987) known as J. Jayavardhan is an Indian politician and was a Member of Parliament elected from Tamil Nadu. He was elected to the Lok Sabha from Chennai South constituency as an All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam candidate in 2014 election. He completed his undergraduate studies at Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute and is a doctor by profession. Dr J Jayavardhan has become the youngest MP in India by winning the seat from South Chennai, Tamil Nadu at the young age of 26.

His father D. Jayakumar is a former MLA in Royapuram constituency Chennai and Former minister of fisheries in ADMK government and was also Speaker of the Tamil Nadu Assembly for a year (2011 – 2012), besides being the minister for fisheries in the first J. Jayalalithaa government of 1991–1996.

2014 Indian general election in Tamil Nadu
The 2014 Indian general elections for Tamil Nadu's 39 seats in the 16th Lok Sabha were held on 24 April 2014. The All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam led by its general secretary J. Jayalalithaa won a spectacular victory, taking 37 of the 39 seats. The total electors in the state of Tamil Nadu for the election was 55,114,867 and 73.74% of voters exercised their right to do so. The results of the elections were declared on 16 May 2014.
Tennis at the 2015 Summer Universiade – Women's singles
The women's singles tennis event at the 2015 Summer Universiade was held from July 4 to 12 at the Jawol International Tennis Court in Gwangju, South Korea.

Chang Kai-chen of Chinese Taipei won the gold medal, defeating Luksika Kumkhum of Thailand in the final, 6–1, 6–2.

Beatrice Gumulya of Indonesia and Varatchaya Wongteanchai of Thailand won the bronze medals.

Chinese Taipei at the 2015 Summer Universiade
Chinese Taipei participated at the 2015 Summer Universiade, in Gwangju, South Korea.

Taipei being the host city of the 2017 Summer Universiade, a Taiwanese segment was performed at the closing ceremony.
Densovirinae
Densovirinae is a subfamily of single-stranded DNA viruses in the family Parvoviridae. The subfamily has 11 recognized genera. Densoviruses are known to infect members of insect orders Blattodea, Diptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, and Orthoptera, while some viruses infect and multiply in crustaceans such as shrimp or crayfish, or sea stars from phylum Echinodermata.

Crayfish
Crayfish are freshwater crustaceans belonging to the infraorder Astacidea, which also contains lobsters. Taxonomically, they are members of the superfamilies Astacoidea and Parastacoidea. They breathe through feather-like gills. Some species are found in brooks and streams, where  fresh water is running, while others thrive in swamps, ditches, and paddy fields. Most crayfish cannot tolerate polluted water, although some species, such as Procambarus clarkii, are hardier. Crayfish feed on animals and plants, either living or decomposing, and detritus.

The term "crayfish" is applied to saltwater species in some countries.
Crooked Kingdom
Crooked Kingdom is a fantasy novel written by Israeli–American author Leigh Bardugo, published by Henry Holt and Co. in 2016. Set in a world loosely inspired by 19th-century Europe, it takes place days after the events of the duology's first book, Six of Crows. The plot is told from the third-person viewpoints of eight characters.

Six of Crows and Crooked Kingdom are set in the Grishaverse. The Crows reappear in Rule of Wolves (2021), part of the King of Scars duology where Nina Zenik is a major point-of-view character. Leigh Bardugo has discussed the possibility of writing a third book in this series, but has not confirmed it.

Henry Holt and Company
Henry Holt and Company is an American book-publishing company based in New York City. One of the oldest publishers in the United States, it was founded in 1866 by Henry Holt and Frederick Leypoldt. The company publishes in the fields of American and international fiction, biography, history, politics, science, psychology, health, and children's literature. In the U.S., it operates under Macmillan Publishers.
Marjan (lion)
Marjan (Dari: مرجان; c. 1976 – January 25, 2002) was the most famous resident of Kabul Zoo. Marjan, which in Persian means coral, was born in West Germany in 1976 and was given as a gift to Kabul Zoo in 1978 by the Cologne Zoo. He arrived in the Afghan capital and, soon afterwards, a lioness by the name of Chucha (چوچه) joined him.

The lion witnessed Afghanistan's turbulent history, from the communist coup, the Soviet occupation, the state of warlordism, and the hardline Taliban regime. During the 1990s civil war, the state of total chaos enveloped Kabul Zoo in the middle of a battlefield. The zoo was shelled on many occasions, even destroying its medical supply facility, leaving zoo personnel unable to help Marjan. He is seen as a symbol of survival and a desire for peace by the Afghan people.

Cologne Zoological Garden
The Aktiengesellschaft Cologne Zoological Garden is the zoo of Cologne, Germany. Being the third oldest zoo in Germany, it features over 10,000 animals of more than 850 species on more than 20 hectares. The internationally renowned zoo with an attached aquarium and invertebrate exhibit is active in preservational breeding of animals that are in danger of becoming extinct. In addition, in-the-wild conservation efforts and research focussing on animals of Madagascar, Wallacea, and Vietnam are actively promoted and supported via cooperation with Cologne University and local projects, such as in the case of Przewalski's horses and the Psychedelic rock gecko captive breeding project.
U.S. Route 36 in Ohio
U.S. Route 36 (US 36) in the state of Ohio runs from the Indiana state line near Palestine to the highway's eastern terminus at US 250 and State Route 800 (SR 800) in Uhrichsville. US 36 intersects several major highways in the state, including Interstate 75 (I-75), I-71, and I-77.

Interstate 75 in Ohio
Interstate 75 (I-75) runs from Cincinnati to Toledo by way of Dayton in the US state of Ohio. The highway enters the state running concurrently with I-71 from Kentucky on the Brent Spence Bridge over the Ohio River and into the Bluegrass region. I-75 continues along the Mill Creek Expressway northward to the Butler County line just north of I-275. From there, the freeway runs into the Miami Valley and then passes through the Great Black Swamp before crossing into Michigan.
Little Horringer Hall
Little Horringer Hall is a Grade II-listed house in Horringer, Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, England.

There has been a hall in this location since the 17th century, and an earlier property was once the residence of Sir Richard Gipps. The present house was built around 1750 from red brick. A pair of bay windows and a replacement front door were added in the 20th century. It was the final residence of John Hervey, 7th Marquess of Bristol after he sold the remaining lease of the nearby Ickworth House to the National Trust owing to financial difficulties.

Richard Gipps
Sir Richard Gipps (1659 – 21 December 1708) of Great Whelnetham, Suffolk, was Master of the Revels at Gray's Inn and a historian of the county of Suffolk. His portrait painted by John Closterman, was engraved in mezzotint by John Smith. Care should be taken to distinguish him from Sir Richard Gipps of Horningsheth, a contemporary, neighbour, and distant relative, who was knighted by Charles II at Saxham, Suffolk, on 20 October 1676.
Abdelali Kasbane
Abdelali Kasbane (born 15 November 1962) is a Moroccan sprinter who specialized in the 400 metres. Moroccan record holder in 
400 M: 45"95 Soria August 4, 1990 Spain. 
Champion of Spain 400m sprint 1990 Jerez de la frontera Spain.
2° Champion of Spain 400M:45"97 Sprint Barcelona 1991.
2° Champion of Spain Sprint 200M:21"20 Valence 1992.

Kasbane finished seventh in 
4 × 400 metres relay at the 1991 World Championships, together with teammates Ali Dahane, Bouchaib Belkaid and Benyounés Lahlou.

On the individual level, Kasbane won a bronze medal at the 1991 Mediterranean Games.3°400M:45"99
Kasbane won a bronze medal at the 1991 Mediterranean 4X400M

4 × 400 metres relay
The 4 × 400 metres relay or long relay is an athletics track event in which teams consist of four runners who each complete 400 metres or one lap, totaling 1600 meters. It is traditionally the final event of a track meet. The first leg and the first bend of the second leg are run in lanes. Start lines are thus staggered over a greater distance than in an individual 400 metres race; the runners then typically move to the inside of the track. The slightly longer 4 × 440 yards relay, on an Imperial distance, was a formerly run British Commonwealth and American event, until metrication was completed in the 1970s.
29 Palms (film)
29 Palms is a 2002 crime thriller film directed by Leonardo Ricagni and starring Jeremy Davies, Rachael Leigh Cook, Michael Lerner, Litefoot, Russell Means, Chris O'Donnell, Keith David, Michael Rapaport and Jon Polito. The film is about a bag of money that affects the characters who possess it, and its varied contents, as it passes from one to another.

In 2002 Eagle Pictures released the film under the Italian title La Grande Sfida (The Great Challenge) on DVD.

Litefoot
Gary Paul Davis (born September 11, 1968), better known professionally as Litefoot, is a Native American (Cherokee Nation) rapper, actor, and businessman. He is the Executive Director of the Native American Financial Services Association (NAFSA), CEO of Davis Strategy Group and a member of the Forbes Finance Council. As an actor, he is known for his roles as Little Bear in the movie The Indian in the Cupboard, and Nightwolf in Mortal Kombat Annihilation.
Beth Bachmann
Beth Bachmann is an American poet.

Bachmann is Writer in Residence of creative writing at  Vanderbilt University. Her poems have appeared in American Poetry Review, Kenyon Review, Antioch Review, AGNI, Prairie Schooner, Blackbird, Tin House, and Ploughshares. 
They are included in the textbook The Practice of Creative Writing (Bedford/St. Martin's).

Blackbird (journal)
Blackbird is an online journal of literature and the arts based in the United States that posts two issues a year, May 1 and November 1. During the six-month run of an issue, additional content appears as "featured" content.  Previous issues are archived online in their entirety.
Lead time bias
Lead time bias happens when survival time appears longer because diagnosis was done earlier (for instance, by screening), irrespective of whether the patient lived longer. Lead time is the duration of time between the detection of a disease (by screening or based on new experimental criteria) and its usual clinical presentation and diagnosis (based on traditional criteria). For example, it is the time between early detection by screening and the time when diagnosis would have been made clinically (without screening). It is an important factor when evaluating the effectiveness of a specific test.

Patient
A patient is any recipient of health care services that are performed by healthcare professionals. The patient is most often ill or injured and in need of treatment by a physician, nurse, optometrist, dentist, veterinarian, or other health care provider.
Frederik of Egmont
Frederik of Egmont (ca. 1440–1521) was count of Buren and Leerdam, Lord of IJsselstein and councilor of Charles the Bold and Maximilian I.

Frederik was the second son of William II of Egmont and Walburga of Meurs.
Together with his brothers, he participated in his father's campaign in the Duchy of Guelders. When Burgundy had conquered the Duchy, Frederik received some important functions there. In the 1480s he supported the policies of Maximilian I of Austria. He was present at Maximilian's coronation as Holy Roman Emperor in 1486, and led in 1488 an army against the city of Bruges that held Emperor Maximilian hostage.

In 1492, Maximilian gave him the titles of Count of Buren and Count of Leerdam. In 1499, he became a sworn member of the Illustrious Brotherhood of Our Blessed Lady in 's-Hertogenbosch.

County of Buren
The Buren County was a territory situated in what is now the Dutch province of Gelderland.

It was an independent county until the establishment of the Batavian Republic in 1795. Although it was not formally part of the United Provinces, in practice it was governed by it.
Kentucky State Police
The Kentucky State Police (KSP) is a department of the Kentucky Justice and Public Safety Cabinet, and the official State Police force of the  Commonwealth of Kentucky, responsible for statewide law enforcement. The department was founded in 1948 and replaced the Kentucky Highway Patrol. The department's sworn personnel hold the title State Trooper, and its nickname is The Thin Gray Line.

Dodge Durango
The Dodge Durango is a mid-size SUV produced by Dodge starting with the 1998 model year. The first two generations were very similar in that both were based on the Dodge Dakota and Dodge Ram, both featured a body-on-frame construction and both were produced at the Newark Assembly Plant in Newark, Delaware through the 2009 model year.

The third-generation Durango began with the 2011 model year. It is built on the same platform as the Jeep Grand Cherokee, features unibody construction, and has been assembled at the Jefferson North Assembly Plant in Detroit, Michigan, since late 2010.

Each generation had options for different engine sizes and power ratings, with different transmissions also. In 2009 a hybrid variant was introduced, but ended quickly with the second generation Durango. From 2007 to 2009 the Durango was available as the Chrysler Aspen from Chrysler. Over two million Durangos have been sold since it was introduced in 1998.
Bothrops muriciensis
Bothrops muriciensis, also known as Jararaca, Jararaca-de-Alagoas, Jararacuçu in Portuguese, is an endangered species of pit viper which is named after the forest it is known to inhabit, Mata de Murici, in Alagoas in the north east of Brazil. As with all vipers, B. muriciensis is venomous.

Murici
Murici is a municipality located in the east of the Brazilian state of Alagoas. Its population is 28,333 (2020) and its area is 424 km2 (164 sq mi). According to the Veja magazine, despite receiving generous public transfers, the city still lags behind most municipalities in Brazil in human development. 30.6% of its inhabitants are illiterate and 65% rely on Federal funds to survive, which contribute for an HDI of just 0.58, slightly below Iraq's HDI of 0.59.

The municipality contains 61% of the 6,116 hectares (15,110 acres) Murici Ecological Station, created in 2001.
Bad Radkersburg
Bad Radkersburg (German pronunciation: [ˈbaːt ˈʁatkɐsbʊʁk]; Slovene: Radgona; archaic Hungarian: Regede) is a spa town in the southeast of the Austrian state of Styria, in the district of Südoststeiermark.

States of Austria
Austria is a federal republic consisting of nine states. The European Commission calls them provinces. Austrian states can pass laws that stay within the limits of the constitution, and each state has representatives in the Austrian federal parliament.