hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Daniel Waring House
The Daniel Waring House, also known as Indian Hill, is located on River Road (Orange County Route 29) just outside the village of Montgomery, New York, United States. It sits on a large parcel of land overlooking the Wallkill River at the junction of River Road and NY 17K, just opposite the western approach to Ward's Bridge.

It is believed that part of the house dates to the 18th century. Waring, a later resident, had the four-column temple-style Greek Revival front section built in the 1840s. It has been occupied since his time and remains a private residence. In 1995 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, along with several other buildings and structures on the property. The current resident, a former town supervisor, purchased the property from Richard James and Dora Holvey in 1998.

Orange County, New York
Orange County is a county located in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 401,310. The county seat is Goshen. This county was first created in 1683 and reorganized with its present boundaries in 1798. The county is part of the Hudson Valley region of the state.

Orange County is part of the Kiryas Joel-Poughkeepsie-Newburgh metropolitan statistical area, which belongs to the larger New York–Newark–Bridgeport, NY–NJ–CT–PA Combined Statistical Area.

As of the 2020 census the center of population of the state of New York was located in Orange County, in the hamlet of Cuddebackville.
Plateau State Polytechnic
Plateau State Polytechnic is a state owned polytechnic in Plateau State, North Central Nigeria. The institution has two campuses, one at Barkin Ladi  and the other at Bukuru near Jos, the capital of the state. It provides education to degree and national diploma level. The rector is BLDR. John Dawam.

Jos
Jos /ˈdʒɔːs/ is a city in the North-Central region of Nigeria with a population of about 900,000 residents based on the 2006 census. Popularly called "J-Town", it is the administrative capital and largest city of Plateau State. The city is situated on the Jos plateau which lies within the Guinea Savannah of North-Central Nigeria. It connects most of the North-Eastern capitals to the Federal Capital Territory Abuja, by road. Driving in and out of Jos, traffic encounters very steep and windy bends and mountainous sceneries typical of the plateau, from which the state derives its name.

During the period of British colonial rule, Jos became an important centre for tin mining after large deposits of cassiterite, the main ore for the metal, were discovered. It is also the trading hub of Plateau State as commercial activities are steadily increasing.
2022 Knoxville Challenger – Doubles
Malek Jaziri and Blaž Rola were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Hunter Reese and Tennys Sandgren won the title after defeating Martin Damm and Mitchell Krueger 6–7(4–7), 7–6(7–3), [10–5] in the final.

Malek Jaziri
Malek Jaziri (Arabic: مالك الجزيري, romanized: Mālik al-Jazīrī; born January 20, 1984) is a Tunisian former professional tennis player. Jaziri reached his highest singles ranking on the ATP Tour of World No. 42 in January 2019. He primarily played on the Futures and Challenger Tour.

Jaziri has been a member of the Tunisia Davis Cup team since 2000, posting an 33–15 record in singles and a 10–14 record in doubles in 41 ties.

He reached the final of the 2018 Istanbul Open, the semifinals in Moscow in 2012, Winston-Salem in 2015, Dubai in 2018 and the quarterfinals in Dubai in 2014.
Sylvester Dresser House
The Sylvester Dresser House is a historic house at 29 Summer Street in Southbridge, Massachusetts.  Built sometime between 1865 and 1870, it is a distinctive local example of Italianate architecture with some Gothic features.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

Southbridge, Massachusetts
Southbridge is a city in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 17,740 at the 2020 census. Although Southbridge has a city form of government, it is legally known as the Town of Southbridge.
Herbrand–Ribet theorem
In mathematics, the Herbrand–Ribet theorem is a result on the class group of certain number fields. It is a strengthening of Ernst Kummer's theorem to the effect that the prime p divides the class number of the cyclotomic field of p-th roots of unity if and only if p divides the numerator of the n-th Bernoulli number Bn 
for some n, 0 < n < p − 1. The Herbrand–Ribet theorem specifies what, in particular, it means when p divides such an Bn.

Algebraic number field
In mathematics, an algebraic number field (or simply number field) is an extension field  of the field of rational numbers  such that the field extension  has finite degree (and hence is an algebraic field extension).
Thus  is a field that contains  and has finite dimension when considered as a vector space over .

The study of algebraic number fields, that is, of algebraic extensions of the field of rational numbers, is the central topic of algebraic number theory. This study reveals hidden structures behind the rational numbers, by using algebraic methods.
Phyllopsora glaucella
Phyllopsora glaucella is a species of squamulose (scaly) lichen in the family Ramalinaceae. The lichen forms mats of tiny green scales with small brown fruiting bodies and was first described from Mexican collections in 1926. It is distributed across tropical and subtropical America, ranging from Florida through the West Indies to Argentina.

Squamulose lichen
A squamulose lichen is a lichen that is composed of small, often overlapping "scales" called squamules. If they are raised from the substrate and appear leafy, the lichen may appear to be a foliose lichen, but the underside does not have a "skin" (cortex), as foliose lichens do.
 Squamulose lichens are composed of flattish units that are usually tightly clustered. They are like an intermediate between crustose and foliose lichens.

Examples of squamulose lichens include Vahliella leucophaea, Cladonia subcervicornis and Lichenomphalia hudsoniana.
Pudtol
Pudtol, officially the Municipality of Pudtol,  (Ilocano: Ili ti Pudtol; Tagalog: Bayan ng Pudtol), is a  municipality in the province of Apayao, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 15,676 people.

Pamplona, Cagayan
Pamplona, officially the Municipality of Pamplona (Ibanag: Ili nat Pamplona; Ilocano: Ili ti Pamplona; Tagalog: Bayan ng Pamplona), is a municipality in the province of Cagayan, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 25,182 people.
Joan Warwick
Edith Joan Warwick (13 June 1898 – 4 July 1973) was a croquet and hockey player from England.

Warwick won the Women's Championship five times (1960, 1962, 1965, 1966 and 1968) and represented England in the 1963 MacRobertson Shield tournament. Warwick represented England at hockey in the 1930s and captained an English side which toured Australia in 1927 and 1934.

Croquet
Croquet (UK: /ˈkroʊkeɪ, -ki/ or US: /kroʊˈkeɪ/) is a sport which involves hitting wooden, plastic, or composite balls with a mallet through hoops (often called "wickets" in the United States) embedded in a grass playing court.

The sport was codified in England in the 1860s and then spread overseas. However, similar games have been recorded back to the late Middle Ages. Today, there are several variations of the game.

At its highest level, the game is played internationally with top players coming from Australia, England, Spain, Egypt, South Africa and the United States amongst other countries.

The sport can be played equally well by men and women. In 2018, two international championships open to both sexes were won by women.
2-Phenyl-1-benzothiophene
2-Phenyl-1-benzothiophene is an aromatic chemical compound commonly used as an intermediate in the production of medication. Derivatives of the compound are present in drugs used to treat Alzheimer's disease, and its structure is present in the selective estrogen receptor modulator drugs raloxifene and arzoxifene. Its formula is C14H10S.

2-Phenyl-1-benzothiophene is an intermediate in pesticide synthesis, in addition to its uses in the pharmaceutical field. Typically, it is produced through three methods: an arylation reaction of benzothiophene; a coupling reaction between 2-benzothiophene boronic acid and a benzene-donating compound; or cyclization of aromatic molecules.

Cross-coupling reaction
In organic chemistry, a cross-coupling reaction is a reaction where two different fragments are joined. Cross-couplings are a subset of the more general coupling reactions. Often cross-coupling reactions require metal catalysts. One important reaction type is this:

R, R' = organic fragments, usually aryl;
M = main group center such as Li or Mg;
X = halide

These reactions are used to form carbon–carbon bonds but also carbon-heteroatom bonds.  Cross-coupling reaction are a subset of coupling reactions.

Richard F. Heck, Ei-ichi Negishi, and Akira Suzuki were awarded the 2010 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for developing palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions.
Utah State Route 101
State Route 101 (SR-101) is a 21.811-mile (35.101 km) long state highway located in the U.S. state of Utah. The route serves as a spur route into the Uinta-Wasatch-Cache National Forest through the cities of Wellsville and Hyrum, with an intermediate intersection with U.S. Route 89 (US-89) and US-91. SR-101 starts at an intersection of Main Street and SR-23 (Center Street) in Wellsville. Heading generally eastward, the highway terminates at the Hardware Ranch Wildlife Management Area. SR-101 was first designated in 1931 as a loop off SR-1 from Logan, south to Hyrum, and west to Wellsville.

Spur route
A spur route is a short road forming a branch from a longer, more important road such as a freeway, Interstate Highway, or motorway. A bypass or beltway is not considered a  spur route as it typically reconnects with another or the same major road.
Marty Flax
Marty Flax, born Martin Flachsenhaar Jr. in New York City (October 7, 1924 – July 3, 1972) was an American jazz saxophonist. Flax also played flute, clarinet, and trombone

He was a baritone saxophonist in the bands of Louis Jordan, Dizzy Gillespie, Perez Prado, and Tito Puente, and played on soundtracks composed by Raymond Scott. He worked with Les Elgart and Claude Thornhill in the late 1950s, then with Quincy Jones, Melba Liston and Gillespie, including on State Department tours of the Middle East and South America. Early in the 1960s he again toured South America with the Woody Herman orchestra. When not on tour he led a house band at the Cafe Society. He also worked with Buddy Rich and Sammy Davis Jr.

Raymond Scott
Raymond Scott (born Harry Warnow; September 10, 1908 – February 8, 1994) was an American composer, band leader, pianist and record producer. Known best in his time as a composer of production music, Scott is today regarded as an early pioneer of electronica.

Though Scott was never contracted to compose for animation, his music is familiar to millions because Carl Stalling adapted it in over 120 Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies films produced by Warner Bros. Cartoons. His compositions may also be heard in The Ren and Stimpy Show (which uses Scott's recordings in twelve episodes), The Simpsons, Duckman, Animaniacs, The Oblongs, Batfink, Puppetoons, and SpongeBob SquarePants. The only time he composed to accompany animation was three 20-second commercial jingles for County Fair Bread in 1962.
Tetiana Andriienko
Tetiana Leonidivna Andriienko (Ukrainian: Тетяна Леонідівна Андрієнко; 27 December 1938 – 27 December 2016) was a Ukrainian botanist, conservationist, and professor. She was known for her scientific research on the distribution of vegetation in Polesia, which in turn helped create protected wildlife areas. Andriienko was the head of the Interdepartmental Complex Laboratory of Scientific Fundamentals of Protected Areas of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Natural Resources Ukraine.

She was a laureate of the State Prize of Ukraine in Science and Technology (2005), was awarded the Order of Princess Olga and the Silver Leaf Medal of the European Plant Protection Organization "Plant Europe" (Uppsala, Sweden, 1998).

Polesia
Polesia, also called Polissia, Polesie, or Polesye, is a natural (geographic) and historical region in Eastern Europe within the East European Plain, including the Belarus–Ukraine border region and part of eastern Poland. This region should not be confused with parts of Russia also traditionally called "Polesie".
Soyedina
Soyedina is a genus of stoneflies belonging to the family Nemouridae. This exclusively Nearctic genus was originally erected as a subgenus of Nemoura but was elevated to genus status by Joachim Illies in 1966. There are currently 11 described species, most only identifiable by small differences in the genitalia.

Nearctic realm
The Nearctic realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface.

The Nearctic realm covers most of North America, including Greenland, Central Florida, and the highlands of Mexico. The parts of North America that are not in the Nearctic realm include most of coastal Mexico, southern Mexico, southern Florida, coastal central Florida, Central America, Bermuda and the Caribbean islands. Together with South America, these regions are part of the Neotropical realm.
Elton John: Never Too Late
Elton John: Never Too Late is a 2024 documentary film directed by R. J. Cutler and David Furnish. A co-production of Disney Original Documentary and Rocket Entertainment, the film profiles Elton John on his Farewell Yellow Brick Road concert tour, also integrating historic performance footage, excerpts from his private journals, and personal footage of his family life behind the scenes.

The film had its world premiere at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 6, 2024, and had a limited theatrical release by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures in the United States and United Kingdom on November 15, 2024, before streaming on Disney+ on December 13, 2024. At the 97th Academy Awards, the original song "Never Too Late", written and performed by John himself and Brandi Carlile, was nominated for Best Original Song, becoming John's fifth and Carlile's first nomination in the category.

Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures
Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures is an American film distributor within the Disney Entertainment division of the Walt Disney Company. It handles theatrical and occasional digital distribution, marketing, and promotion for films produced and released by the Walt Disney Studios, including Walt Disney Pictures, Walt Disney Animation Studios, Pixar, Marvel Studios, Lucasfilm, 20th Century Studios and Searchlight Pictures, though the latter unit operates its own autonomous theatrical distribution and marketing unit in the United States.

The company was originally established by Walt Disney in 1953 as Buena Vista Film Distribution Company Inc. (later renamed Buena Vista Distribution Inc. and Buena Vista Pictures Distribution Inc.). It took on its current name in late 2007.
Rickettsia prowazekii
Rickettsia prowazekii is a species of gram-negative, obligate intracellular parasitic, aerobic bacilliform bacteria of class Alphaproteobacteria that is the etiologic agent of epidemic typhus, transmitted in the feces of lice. In North America, the main reservoir for R. prowazekii is the flying squirrel. R. prowazekii is often surrounded by a protein microcapsular layer and slime layer; the natural life cycle of the bacterium generally involves a vertebrate and an invertebrate host, usually an arthropod, typically the human body louse. A form of R. prowazekii that exists in the feces of arthropods remains stably infective for months. R. prowazekii also appears to be the closest semi-free-living relative of mitochondria, based on genome sequencing.

Bacterial capsule
The bacterial capsule is a large structure common to many bacteria. It is a polysaccharide layer that lies outside the cell envelope, and is thus deemed part of the outer envelope of a bacterial cell. It is a well-organized layer, not easily washed off, and it can be the cause of various diseases.

The capsule—which can be found in both gram negative and gram-positive bacteria—is different from the second lipid membrane – bacterial outer membrane, which contains lipopolysaccharides and lipoproteins and is found only in gram-negative bacteria. When the amorphous viscid secretion (that makes up the capsule) diffuses into the surrounding medium and remains as a loose undemarcated secretion, it is known as a slime layer. Capsule and slime layer are sometimes summarized under the term glycocalyx.
Gradowo, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Gradowo [ɡraˈdɔvɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Barciany, within Kętrzyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. Between 1975–1998, the village administratively belonged to Olsztyn Province.

Voivoidship Road 591 (DW591) runs through the village.

Kętrzyn County
Kętrzyn County (Polish: powiat kętrzyński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the border with Russia. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Kętrzyn (former Rastembork), which lies 88 kilometres (55 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn. The county also contains the towns of Reszel, lying 16 km (10 mi) west of Kętrzyn, and Korsze, 19 km (12 mi) north-west of Kętrzyn.

The county covers an area of 1,212.97 square kilometres (468.3 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 66,165, out of which the population of Kętrzyn is 28,000, that of Reszel is 5,098, that of Korsze is 4,632, and the rural population is 28,435.
Nikolai Ilbekov
Nikolai Filippovich Ilbekov (Chuvash: Микулай Илпек Mikulai Ilpek; 1915 May 19 in Trekhizb-Shemursha, Buinsky Uyezd, Simbirsk Governorate – 1981 April 12 in Cheboksary) was a Chuvash prose writer.

Of his more than twenty books, the most significant is the novel Black Bread (Хура ҫӑкӑр), published 1958–1961. Black Bread depicts the pre-revolutionary life of the Chuvash people, the revolutionary events of 1905–1907, and the growth of self-consciousness of the Chuvash and Tatars.

Chuvash people
The Chuvash people,{{efn|{{ubl|UK: /ˈtʃuːvɑːʃ/ CHOO-vahsh, US: /tʃʊˈvɑːʃ/ chuu-VAHSH|Chuvash: чӑвашсем, romanized: çăvaşsem, pronounced [tɕə̹̆ˈʋaʂsʲɛm]|Russian: чуваши, romanized: čuvaši are a Turkic ethnic group, a branch of the Oğurs, inhabiting an area stretching from the Idel-Ural region to Siberia.

Most of them live in the Russian republic of Chuvashia and the surrounding area, although Chuvash communities may be found throughout Russia as well as in Central Asia. They speak Chuvash, a Turkic language that diverged from other languages in the family more than a millennium ago. Among the Chuvash believers, the majority are Eastern Orthodox Christians although a minority follow Vattisen Yaly or Sunni Islam.
Watkin Wynne
Watkin Wynne (11 May 1844 – 8 July 1921) was an Australian journalist, local government councillor, local government head and newspaper owner. Wynne was born in Black Notley, Essex, England and died in Waverley, Sydney, New South Wales.

In 1879, he headed a syndicate which started the second Sydney daily newspaper, The Daily Telegraph. This paper under Wynne (the editor) was the first Australian newspaper to use zinc-etching for half-tone illustrations, and linotype machines. The Telegraph's use of an exclusive cable service allowed a world scoop in 1884 when Germany annexed of New Guinea.

Biography portal

Australia portal

Waverley, New South Wales
Waverley is a suburb in the Eastern suburbs of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Waverley is located seven kilometres east of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of Waverley Council.

Waverley Council takes its name from the suburb but its administrative centre is located in the adjacent suburb of Bondi Junction, which is also a major commercial centre. Waverley is the highest point of altitude in Sydney's Eastern Suburbs.
Central Vikings Rugby Union
Central Vikings Rugby Union was a New Zealand rugby union team that played in the second division of the NPC for two seasons in 1997 and 1998. The team, formed from the merger of the Hawke's Bay and Manawatu unions, featured current and future All Blacks and a former All Black in coach Frank Oliver. It came second in its division in 1997, and first in 1998, and would have progressed to the first division. However, following financial trouble it split back into the two separate unions.

Reviving the Central Vikings as a Super Rugby team was floated in 2016, but this did not occur.

Christian Cullen
Christian Mathias Cullen (born 12 February 1976) is a retired New Zealand rugby union player. He played most of his rugby at fullback for New Zealand (the All Blacks), for the Hurricanes in the Super 12, and for Manawatu, Wellington and later Munster at provincial level. He was nicknamed the Paekakariki Express and was considered to be one of the most potent running fullbacks rugby has ever seen. With 46 tries scored in 58 tests, Cullen is the equal-11th-highest try-scorer in international rugby.
Market Bosworth Rural District
The rural district of Market Bosworth existed from 1894 to 1974 in Leicestershire, England.  It was named after Market Bosworth, and was created under the Local Government Act 1894, based on the Market Bosworth rural sanitary district, and that part of the Atherstone rural sanitary district which was in Leicestershire.

The parish of Higham on the Hill was added in 1936, from the Hinckley Rural District, which had been abolished under a County Review Order.

In 1974 most of the district merged with Hinckley to form the new Hinckley and Bosworth district, apart from Ibstock, which went to North West Leicestershire.

Ibstock
Ibstock is a former coal mining village and civil parish in North West Leicestershire, England. The population of the civil parish was 5,760 at the 2001 census increasing to  6,201 at the 2011 census and 7,615 at the 2021 census.

The village is on the A447 road between Coalville and Hinckley.

The toponym Ibstock could be a derivative of Ibestoche meaning the farmstead or hamlet of Ibba, which is an Old English personal name also found in other toponyms.
Ledong Li Autonomous County
Ledong Li Autonomous County (simplified Chinese: 乐东黎族自治县; traditional Chinese: 樂東黎族自治縣; pinyin: Lèdōng Lízú Zìzhìxiàn; postal: Loktung; Hlai language: Lokdhongx) is a Hlai autonomous county in Hainan province, China. It is one of six autonomous counties of Hainan. Its postal code is 572500. The county seat is Baoyou.

As of the 2020 Chinese census, Ledong County has a population of 464,435. It is the most populated Autonomous County in Hainan province.

Hlai people
The Hlai, also known as Li or Lizu, are a Kra–Dai-speaking ethnic group, one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China. The vast majority live off the southern coast of China on Hainan Island, where they are the largest minority ethnic group. Divided into the five branches of the Qi (Gei), Ha, Run (Zwn), Sai (Tai, Jiamao) and Meifu (Moifau), the Hlai have their own distinctive culture and customs.