hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kakameganula
Kakameganula is a monotypic genus of east African jumping spiders containing the single species, Kakameganula holmi. The genus was first described by Angelika Dawidowicz & Wanda Wesołowska in 2016 under the name Kakamega, and was placed in subtribe Thiratoscirtina within the tribe Aelurillini of the Salticoida clade of Salticinae.

In 2020, it was discovered that the name was already in use for the bird genus Kakamega de Mann, Burton & Lennerstedt, 1978, and Kakameganula was published as a replacement name.

Nomen novum
In biological nomenclature, a nomen novum (Latin for "new name"), replacement name (or new replacement name, new substitute name, substitute name) is a replacement scientific name that is created when technical, nomenclatural reasons have made it impossible to continue using the previous name (for example because it was discovered to be a homonym – spelled the same as an existing, older name). Nomen novum does not apply when a name is changed for taxonomic reasons alone. It is frequently abbreviated, e.g. nomen nov., nom. nov..
Marian Thurm
Marian Thurm (born in 1952) is an American novelist and short-story writer.  Thurm is the author of five short story collections and eight novels including The Blackmailer’s Guide to Love (Delphinium Books, 2021) and, most recently, I Don't Know How to Tell You This (Delphinium Books, 2025). Her short stories have appeared in The New Yorker, The Atlantic, Michigan Quarterly Review, Narrative Magazine, The Southampton Review, and many other magazines, and have been included in The Best American Short Stories, and numerous other anthologies. Thurm was raised in Oceanside, Long Island, and has resided in New York City for over 30 years. She is a graduate of Vassar College and has a Master of Arts in creative writing from Brown University.

Marian Thurm has taught creative writing at Yale University, Barnard College, Columbia University, the Writing Institute at Sarah Lawrence College, and in the MFA programs at Columbia University and Brooklyn College.

Narrative Magazine
Narrative Magazine is a non-profit digital publisher of fiction, poetry, non-fiction, and art founded in 2003 by Tom Jenks and Carol Edgarian. Narrative publishes weekly and provides educational resources to teachers and students; subscription and access to its content is free.
2011–12 Scottish Challenge Cup
The 2011–12 Scottish Challenge Cup, known as the Ramsdens Challenge Cup due to sponsorship reasons with Ramsdens, was the 21st season of the competition. It was competed for by 32 clubs, which included the 30 members of the Scottish Football League, and for the first time the top two clubs of the Highland Football League.

The defending champions were Ross County, who defeated Queen of the South in the 2010 final but were knocked out in the first round by Third Division side Elgin City. The tournament winners were Falkirk, who defeated Hamilton Academical in the final with Darren Dods scoring the only goal of the match in the 2nd minute.

Darren Dods
Darren Dods (born 7 June 1975) is a Scottish football player and coach. Dods played as a central defender for Hibernian, St Johnstone, Inverness Caledonian Thistle, Dundee United, Falkirk, Forfar Athletic and Brechin City. He also represented Scotland at the under-21 and B international levels.
Myers-JDC-Brookdale Institute
The Myers-JDC-Brookdale Institute (MJB) is a Jerusalem-based applied research and consulting institute on social policy and human services, serving Israel, the Jewish world, and the international community.

The Institute's mission is to identify and study key social issues, and contribute to shaping policy, designing programs and improving services for individuals, families, and communities.

Applied science
Applied science is the application of the scientific method and scientific knowledge to attain practical goals. It includes a broad range of disciplines, such as engineering and medicine. Applied science is often contrasted with basic science, which is focused on advancing scientific theories and laws that explain and predict natural or other phenomena.

There are applied natural sciences, as well as applied formal and social sciences. Applied science examples include genetic epidemiology which applies statistics and probability theory, and applied psychology, including criminology.
Masahiko Harada
Masahiko Harada (原田 雅彦, Harada Masahiko) (born 9 May 1968) is a Japanese former ski jumper. He is best remembered for a meltdown at the 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer, which cost the Japanese national team a victory, and his subsequent redemption at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano; the latter of which led to him being affectionately called "Happy Harada".

Nagano (city)
Nagano (長野市, Nagano-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [naꜜɡano, naɡanoꜜɕi]) is the capital and largest city of Nagano Prefecture, located in the Nagano Basin (Zenkoji Daira) in the central Chūbu region of Japan. Nagano is categorized as a core city of Japan. Nagano City is the highest prefectural capital in Japan, with an altitude of 371.4 meters (1,219 ft).

The city is surrounded by mountains, the highest of which is Mount Takatsuma (2,353 m), and it is near the confluence of the Chikuma River—the longest and widest river in Japan—and the Sai River. As of 1 July 2023, the city had an estimated population of 365,296 in 160,625 households, and a population density of 438 persons per km². The total area of the city is 834.81 square kilometres (322.32 sq mi).
Decentraleyes
Decentraleyes is a free and open-source browser extension used for local content delivery network (CDN) emulation. Its primary task is to block connections to major CDNs such as Cloudflare and Google (for privacy and anti-tracking purposes) and serve popular web libraries (such as JQuery and AngularJS) locally on the user's machine. Decentraleyes is available for Microsoft Edge, Mozilla Firefox + Firefox ESR, Google Chrome, Pale Moon and Opera web browsers.

Microsoft Edge
Microsoft Edge is a proprietary cross-platform web browser created by Microsoft and based on the Chromium open-source project, superseding Edge Legacy. In Windows 11, Edge is the only browser available from Microsoft. However, a bypass is available to open Internet Explorer.

First made available only for Android and iOS in 2017, in late 2018, Microsoft announced it would completely rebuild Edge as a Chromium-based browser with Blink and V8 engines, which allowed the browser to be ported from Windows 10 to macOS and Linux. The new Edge was publicly released in January 2020, and on Xbox as well as Linux in 2021. Edge was also available on Windows 7 and 8/8.1 until early 2023.

By 2022, Edge was used by 11% of PCs worldwide. In February 2023, according to StatCounter, Microsoft Edge became the third most popular browser in the world, behind Safari and Chrome, while as of January 2025, Edge is second most popular PC/desktop web browser with Safari sliding to 3rd place.
Marmet (surname)
Marmet has several origins, having appeared in various regions around the world. In England, it is derived from the Old English word for marble, "marma," which also led to the English variant "Marmett." In Yiddish, the surname comes from the Yiddish word for marble, "marmer." In France, it has multiple origins: it can stem from the French word for marble, "marme," or serve as a toponymic surname for someone from a place called Marmettes. Additionally, it can also be derived from the French word for child, "marmot." The surname Marmet was first recorded in 1180 in Chartres, France.

Notable people with the surname include:

Otto Marmet (1826–1899), German-Ohioan coal proprietor

Jürg Marmet (1927–2013), Swiss mountaineer

Paul Marmet (1932–2005), Canadian physicist and professor

Chartres
Chartres (French pronunciation: [ʃaʁtʁ] ⓘ) is the prefecture of the Eure-et-Loir department in the Centre-Val de Loire region in France. It is located about 90 km (56 mi) southwest of Paris. At the 2019 census, there were 170,763 inhabitants in the metropolitan area of Chartres (as defined by the INSEE), 38,534 of whom lived in the city (commune) of Chartres proper.

Chartres is famous worldwide for the Chartres Cathedral. Mostly constructed between 1193 and 1250, this Gothic cathedral is in an exceptional state of preservation. The majority of the original stained glass windows are intact, while the architecture has seen only minor changes since the early 13th century. Part of the old town, including most of the library associated with the School of Chartres, was destroyed by Allied bombs in 1944.
Naval Academy Foreign Affairs Conference
The Naval Academy Foreign Affairs Conference (NAFAC) is an undergraduate foreign-affairs conference in the United States. NAFAC seeks to explore current, demanding issues from both a civilian and military perspective, thus provide a forum for addressing pressing international concerns. Held at the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland since 1961, NAFAC brings together Naval Academy students and their civilian and military counterparts from around the world to share ideas and concerns relating to international affairs. Past speakers include: George H. W. Bush, Joseph Biden, Stephen Hadley, Madeleine Albright, Condoleezza Rice,  Robert Gates, Wesley Clark, Charles Krauthammer, Sheryl Sandberg and Hillary Clinton.

Stephen Hadley
Stephen John Hadley (born February 13, 1947) is an American attorney and senior government official who served as the 20th United States National Security Advisor from 2005 to 2009. He served under President George W. Bush during the second term of his administration. Hadley was Deputy National Security Advisor during Bush's first term.
Filmworks XVI: Workingman's Death
Filmworks XVI: Workingman's Death features a score by John Zorn for a documentary film by Michael Glawogger. The album was released on Zorn's own label, Tzadik Records, in 2005 and contains music that Zorn wrote and recorded for, Workingman's Death (2005), a documentary detailing hazardous employment undertaken in Ukraine, Indonesia, Nigeria, Pakistan, and China.

Workingman's Death
Workingman's Death is a 2005 Austrian-German documentary film written and directed by Michael Glawogger. It premiered at the 2005 Venice Film Festival. The film deals with the extremes to which workers go to earn a living in several countries around the world.

The film is composed of six chapters. The first five depict hazardous conditions of hard laborers around the world and the sixth shows contrasting scenes of youths in a former German industrial complex which had been converted into a leisure park:

"Heroes" – Miners of Donets Basin, Ukraine

"Ghosts" – Sulfur carriers in Ijen, Indonesia

"Lions" – Butchers in an open-air market in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

"Brothers" – Welders in the Gadani ship-breaking yard in Pakistan

"The Future" – Steel workers in Liaoning, China

"Epilogue" – Youths in Landschaftspark Duisburg-Nord in Germany
Mark Leiren-Young
Mark Leiren-Young (born September 4, 1962) is a Canadian playwright, author, journalist, screenwriter, filmmaker, and performer. He lives in Saanich, British Columbia and is married to Rayne Ellycrys Benu.

University of Victoria
The University of Victoria (UVic) is a public research university located in the municipalities of Oak Bay and Saanich, British Columbia, Canada. Established in 1903 as Victoria College, the institution was initially an affiliated college of McGill University until 1915. From 1921 to 1963, it functioned as an affiliate of the University of British Columbia. In 1963, the institution was re-organized into an independent university.
The Drum Battle
The Drum Battle – Gene Krupa and Buddy Rich at JATP (later issued as The Original Drum Battle!) is a 1960 live album by drummers Gene Krupa and Buddy Rich, recorded at a Jazz at the Philharmonic concert at Carnegie Hall in 1952.

Jazz at the Philharmonic
Jazz at the Philharmonic, or JATP (1944–1983), was the title of a series of jazz concerts, tours and recordings produced by Norman Granz.

Over the years, "Jazz at the Philharmonic" featured many of the era's preeminent musicians, including Louie Bellson, Ray Brown, Benny Carter, Nat King Cole, Sonny Criss, Buddy DeFranco, Harry "Sweets" Edison, Roy Eldridge, Herb Ellis, Ella Fitzgerald, Stan Getz, Dizzy Gillespie, Lionel Hampton, Bill Harris, Coleman Hawkins, J. C. Heard, Billie Holiday, Helen Humes, the Modern Jazz Quartet, Illinois Jacquet, J. J. Johnson, Hank Jones, Jo Jones, Barney Kessel, Kenny Kersey, Gene Krupa, Lou Levy, Meade Lux Lewis, Shelly Manne, Fats Navarro, Charlie Parker, Oscar Peterson, Flip Phillips, Buddy Rich, Charlie Shavers, Willie Smith, Sonny Stitt, Slim Gaillard, Clark Terry, Tommy Turk, T-Bone Walker, Ben Webster, Lee Young, Lester Young, and Trummy Young.
Battle of Huaiyin–Huai'an
The Battle of Huaiyin–Huai'an, also called by the Campaign to Defend Huaiyin-Huai'an (两淮保卫战) by the Chinese Communist Party, was a month-long battle between the Nationalists and the Communists during the Chinese Civil War for the control of Huaiyin and Huai'an, the two richest cities in China. Nationalist forces won the battle.

Chen Yi (marshal)
Chen Yi (Chinese: 陈毅; pinyin: Chén Yì; Wade–Giles: Chen I; August 26, 1901 – January 6, 1972) was a Chinese communist military commander and politician. He served as Mayor of Shanghai from 1949 to 1958 and as Foreign Minister of China from 1958 to 1972. He is one of Ten Marshals of the People's Republic of China.
Redemptoris custos
Redemptoris Custos (Guardian of the Redeemer) is the title of an apostolic exhortation by Pope John Paul II on Saint Joseph. It was delivered on August 15, 1989 in Saint Peter's Basilica in Rome on the occasion of the centenary of Pope Leo XIII's encyclical Quamquam pluries.

It discusses the importance of Saint Joseph in the Holy Family, and presents the pope's view of Saint Joseph's role in the plan of redemption. John Paul II positions Saint Joseph as breaking the old vice of paternal familial domination, and suggests him as the model of a loving father.

Noted Josephologist, Father Tarcisio Stramare, of the Oblates of Saint Joseph, was a main collaborator in the preparation of Redemptoris Custos. This exhortation is part of the "redemption documents" issued by Pope John Paul II, and refers to the Marian encyclical Redemptoris Mater.

Apostolic exhortation
An apostolic exhortation is a magisterial document written by the pope.  Some experts regard it as third in importance among papal documents, after apostolic constitutions and encyclicals. Exhortations generally encourage a particular virtue or activity. Apostolic exhortations are frequently issued following a Synod of Bishops, in which case they are known as post-synodal apostolic exhortations. They do not define Church doctrine and are not considered legislative.
Brebu, Caraș-Severin
Brebu (Hungarian: Perlő) is a commune in Caraș-Severin County, Banat, western Romania with a population of 999 people as of 2021. It is composed of three villages: Apadia (Apádia), Brebu, and Valeadeni (Váldény).

Caraș-Severin County
Caraș-Severin (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈkaraʃ seveˈrin] ⓘ) is a county (județ) of Romania on the border with Serbia. The majority of its territory lies within the historical region of Banat, with a few northeastern villages considered part of Transylvania. The county seat is Reșița. The Caraș-Severin county is part of the Danube–Criș–Mureș–Tisa Euroregion.
Lee Seung-yuop
Lee Seung-yuop (born 18 August 1976) is a South Korean former professional baseball first baseman who currently serves as a co-hitting coach for the Yomiuri Giants of Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB). He played in the KBO League for the Samsung Lions, and in NPB for the Chiba Lotte Marines, Yomiuri Giants, and Orix Buffaloes.

At the age of 26, he became the youngest professional baseball player in the world to hit 300 career home runs. He formerly held the Asian home run record of 56 homers in a season, established in 2003 while playing for Samsung in the KBO. (The record was broken by Wladimir Balentien of the Tokyo Yakult Swallows, on September 15, 2013, when he hit his 56th and 57th home runs of the season against the Hanshin Tigers. Lee holds the KBO records for career runs scored, RBI, total bases, and slugging percentage. Combined, across the KBO and NPB, Lee has also recorded more hits than any other native-born South Korean player.

Pacific League
The Pacific League (パシフィック・リーグ, Pashifikku Rīgu), or Pa League (パ・リーグ, Pa Rīgu), or the Persol Pacific League (パーソルパシフィック・リーグ, Pāsoruhōrudingusu Pa rīgu), due to sponsorship reasons, is one of the two professional baseball leagues constituting Nippon Professional Baseball in Japan. The winner of the league championship competes against the winner in the Central League for the annual Japan Series. It currently consists of six teams from around Japan.
Anthony Mason (journalist)
Anthony Eliot Mason (born June 23, 1956) is an American broadcast journalist. He has worked as a reporter, anchor and correspondent for CBS News since 1986, and was weekday co-host of its flagship morning program CBS This Morning from 2019 until early September 2021. He has also served as an interim anchor for the weekday editions of the CBS Evening News.

Broadcast journalism
Broadcast journalism is the field of news and journals which are broadcast by electronic methods instead of the older methods, such as printed newspapers and posters. It works on radio (via air, cable, and Internet), television (via air, cable, and Internet) and the World Wide Web. Such media disperse pictures (static and moving), visual text and sounds.
NightRide (bus service)
NightRide is a network of bus routes in operation between midnight and 4.30am in Sydney, Australia. The sixteen routes allow for a nightly shutdown of the Sydney Trains suburban rail network and Sydney Metro. The NightRide network was established in mid-1989 as low-patronage late-night train services were progressively withdrawn.

Services follow major roads, and some stops are some distance from the railway stations they replace. In addition, some routes serve stations on multiple railway lines. In the city, most services depart from Park Street, above Town Hall station. Normal bus fares apply to NightRide journeys.

Town Hall railway station, Sydney
Town Hall railway station is a heritage-listed underground suburban rail station located in the centre of the Sydney central business district in New South Wales, Australia. The station opened on 28 February 1932. It is named after the Sydney Town Hall, located directly above the station.
Nippon Professional Baseball All-Star Series
The Nippon Professional Baseball All-Star Series is an annual baseball series of All-Star Games between players from the Central League and the Pacific League, currently selected by a combination of fans, players, coaches, and managers. The All-Star Game usually occurs in early to mid-July and marks the symbolic halfway point in the Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) season (though not the mathematical halfway point; in most seasons, that takes place one week earlier). Each series consists of two or three games.

Pacific League
The Pacific League (パシフィック・リーグ, Pashifikku Rīgu), or Pa League (パ・リーグ, Pa Rīgu), or the Persol Pacific League (パーソルパシフィック・リーグ, Pāsoruhōrudingusu Pa rīgu), due to sponsorship reasons, is one of the two professional baseball leagues constituting Nippon Professional Baseball in Japan. The winner of the league championship competes against the winner in the Central League for the annual Japan Series. It currently consists of six teams from around Japan.
Indian cricket team in New Zealand in 1993–94
The India national cricket team toured New Zealand from 10 March to 2 April 1994, playing only one Test match, which was drawn. In addition to it, the team played two first-class games and four ODIs. India's 24-day tour began with two first-class fixtures, against New Zealand Emerging Players XI and New Zealand Academy, both of which ended in draws. The one-off Test and the ODI series that followed also ended in draws, the latter seeing India win two matches and New Zealand two.

Result (cricket)
The result in a game of cricket may be a "win" for one of the two teams playing, or a "tie". In the case of a limited overs game, the game can also end with "no result" if the game cannot be finished on time (usually due to weather or bad light), and in other forms of cricket, a "draw" may be possible. Which of these results applies, and how the result is expressed, is governed by Law 16 of the laws of cricket.
Surat Diamond Bourse
Surat Diamond Bourse (SDB) is a diamond trade centre located in DREAM City in Surat, Gujarat, India, designed by the architecture firm Morphogenesis. It is the world's largest office complex with a floor space of 660,000 square metres (7,100,000 sq ft), as well as the world's largest office building. The current Chairman is Govind Dholakia and CEO of Surat Diamond Bourse is Mahesh Gadhavi.

Govind Dholakia
Govindbhai Laljibhai Dholakia (born 1 November 1949) is an Indian businessman and politician. He has been serving as a Member of Rajya Sabha from Gujarat since April 2024, representing the Bharatiya Janata Party.
Ivujivik
Ivujivik (Inuktitut: ᐃᕗᔨᕕᒃ Inuktitut pronunciation: [ivujivik], meaning "Place where ice accumulates because of strong currents", or "Sea-ice crash Area") is a northern village (Inuit community) in Nunavik, Quebec, and the northernmost settlement in any Canadian province, although there are settlements further north in the territories. Its population in the 2021 Canadian census was 412.

Policing for Ivujivik is provided by the Nunavik Police Service.

Classification of municipalities in Quebec
The following is a list of the types of local and supralocal territorial units in Quebec, Canada, including those used solely for statistical purposes, as defined by the Ministry of Municipal Affairs, Regions and Land Occupancy and compiled by the Institut de la statistique du Québec

Not included are the urban agglomerations in Quebec, which, although they group together multiple municipalities, exercise only what are ordinarily local municipal powers.

A list of local municipal units in Quebec by regional county municipality can be found at List of municipalities in Quebec.
25th Goya Awards
The 25th Goya Awards ceremony, presented by the Academy of Cinematographic Arts and Sciences of Spain, took place on 13 February 2011 at the Teatro Real. Black Bread by Agustí Villaronga won nine awards, including Best Film and Best Director. Broadcast on La 1, the gala saw returning host Andreu Buenafuente. Mario Camus was the recipient of the Honorary Goya Award.

Academy of Cinematographic Arts and Sciences of Spain
The Academy of Cinematographic Arts and Sciences of Spain (Spanish: Academia de las Artes y las Ciencias Cinematográficas de España) is a professional organisation dedicated to the promotion and development of Spanish cinema. Founded in 1986, it is responsible for the annual Goya Awards, Spain's principal film awards. It is headquartered in Madrid.

It is a founding member of the Film Academy Network Europe (FAN) and the Ibero-American Federation of Academies of Cinematographic Arts and Sciences (FIACINE).

Since 2022, the academy is presided by Fernando Méndez-Leite.
Ruhr Open
The Ruhr Open was a minor-ranking snooker tournament, which was part of the Players Tour Championship. The tournament was staged from 2013 to 2015 at the RWE-Sporthalle in Mülheim, Germany. Rory McLeod was the final champion.

Rory McLeod (snooker player)
Rory McLeod (born 26 March 1971) is an English-Jamaican former professional snooker player. He has reached the last 16 in ten ranking tournaments, and his most notable achievement came in 2015, when he won the minor ranking Ruhr Open, beating Tian Pengfei in the final. His highest ranking is 32, which he last reached in 2012.

Having suffered relegation from the main tour at the end of the 2018-2019 season, McLeod spent the 2019-20 season playing on the World Seniors Tour and Challenge Tour; he regained his professional status at the 2020 Q School.