hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Principality of Purgaz
The Principality of Purgaz (Russian: Пургасова волость, romanized: Purgasova volost; Erzya: Пургазонь Русесь, romanized: Purgazoń Ruseś), also referred to as the Purgas Volost, was a "Mordvin" principality located between the Oka and Sura rivers. The principality is an important part of Mordvin history and is notable for marking the first time the Erzyas and Mokshas united under a single polity.

Oka (river)
The Oka (UK: /ˈɒkə/, US: /ˈoʊkə/; Russian: Ока IPA: [ɐˈka]) is a river in central Russia, the largest right tributary of the Volga. It flows through the regions of Oryol, Tula, Kaluga, Moscow, Ryazan, Vladimir and Nizhny Novgorod and is navigable over a large part of its total length, as far upstream as the town of Kaluga. Its length is 1,500 km (930 mi) and its catchment area 245,000 km2 (95,000 sq mi). The Russian capital Moscow sits on one of the Oka's tributaries—the Moskva, from which the capital's name is thought to be derived.
Pandori Musharkati
Pandori Musharkati is a village in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 17.9 km from Nakodar, 29 km from Phillaur, 22 km from district headquarter Jalandhar and 139 km from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by a sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per Panchayati raj (India).

Jalandhar district
Jalandhar district is a district in Doaba region of the state of Punjab, India. The district headquarters is the city of Jalandhar.

Before the Partition of India, Jalandhar was also the headquarters of the Jalandhar Division, with constituent districts Jalandhar, Hoshiarpur, Ludhiana, Ferozepur and Kangra. The entire Jalandhar Division was awarded to India when Punjab was partitioned.
Gerald Loeb Award winners for Audio and Video
The Gerald Loeb Award is given annually for multiple categories of business reporting. The "Video/Audio" category replaced "Broadcast" in 2014 and 2015. It was split into separate "Audio" and "Video" categories beginning in 2016.

Esther Kaplan
Esther Kaplan is an investigative journalist and investigations editor at Insider, and she has previously worked at The Center for Investigative Reporting, Village Voice, and The Nation,  In radio she's worked for WBAI. Her work has been published in Poz and Harper's Magazine. She is the author of the book With God on Their Side George W. Bush and the Christian Right.
2013 Kamloops Crown of Curling
The 2013 Kamloops Crown of Curling was held from October 18 to 21 at the Kamloops Curling Club in Kamloops, British Columbia as part of the 2013–14 World Curling Tour. The men's event was held in a round robin format, while the women's event was held in a triple-knockout format. The purse for the men's event was CAD$32,000, of which the winner, Grant Dezura, received CAD$8,000, and the purse for the women's event was CAD$34,000, of which the winner, Allison Pottinger, received CAD$8,000. Dezura defeated Dean Joanisse in the men's final with a score of 5–4, while Pottinger defeated Ayumi Ogasawara of Japan in the final with a score of 3–2.

Ayumi Ogasawara
Ayumi Ogasawara (小笠原 歩, Ogasawara Ayumi) is a Japanese curler, born November 25, 1978, as Ayumi Onodera (小野寺 歩, Onodera Ayumi). She skipped her own team in Sapporo, Hokkaido, until 2015, which represented Japan at the 2014 Winter Olympics before retiring from competitive sports. Currently she is working as a curling coach.
North West (National Assembly of South Africa constituency)
North West (Tswana: Bokone Bophirima) is one of the nine multi-member constituencies of the National Assembly of South Africa, the lower house of the Parliament of South Africa, the national legislature of South Africa. The constituency was established in 1994 when the National Assembly was established by the Interim Constitution following the end of Apartheid. It is conterminous with the province of North West. The constituency currently elects 13 of the 400 members of the National Assembly using the closed party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2019 general election it had 1,702,728 registered electors.

Interim Constitution (South Africa)
The Interim Constitution was the fundamental law of South Africa from during the first non-racial general election on 27 April 1994 until it was superseded by the final constitution on 4 February 1997. As a transitional constitution it required the newly elected Parliament to also serve as a constituent assembly to adopt a final constitution. It made provision for a major restructuring of government as a consequence of the abolition of apartheid. It also introduced an entrenched bill of rights against which legislation and government action could be tested, and created the Constitutional Court with broad powers of judicial review.
Willoughby Sharp
Willoughby Sharp (January 23, 1936 – December 17, 2008) was an American artist, independent curator, independent publisher (he was co-founder and co-editor of Avalanche Magazine with Liza Béar), gallerist, teacher, author, and telecom activist. Avalanche published interviews they conducted with contemporary artists such as Vito Acconci, Dennis Oppenheim and Yvonne Rainer. Sharp also was contributing editor to four other publications: Impulse (1979–1981); Video magazine (1980–1982); Art Com (1984–1985), and the East Village Eye (1984–1986). He published three monographs on contemporary artists, contributed to many exhibition catalogues, and wrote on art for Artforum, Art in America, Arts magazine, Laica Journal, Quadrum and Rhobo. He was editor of the Public Arts International/Free Speech documentary booklet in 1979. 
Sharp received numerous grants, awards, and fellowships; both as an individual or under the sponsorship of non-profit arts organizations.

Earle Brown
Earle Brown (December 26, 1926 – July 2, 2002) was an American music composer, producer, and educator who, as a composer, was a close associate of John Cage, and established his own formal and notational systems. As such, he created "open form," a style of musical construction that influenced composers like John Zorn and the downtown New York scene of the 1980s, as well as later generations of composers.

Among Brown's most famous works are December 1952, an entirely graphic score, and the open form pieces Available Forms I & II, Centering, Cross Sections and Color Fields. He was awarded a Foundation for Contemporary Arts John Cage Award in 1998.
Willibald Stanek
Willibald Walter Stanek (4 December 1913 – 4 June 2007) was an Austrian ice hockey player who competed for the Austrian national team at the 1936 Winter Olympics in Garmisch-Partenkirchen and the 1948 Winter Olympics in Saint-Moritz. He played a total of 14 games at the two Olympics.

Stanek also made 18 appearances for the Austrian national team at the World Championships between 1935 and 1949, scoring four goals. He played club hockey for Wiener EV in the Austrian Hockey Championship.

Austria men's national ice hockey team
The Austrian men's national hockey team is the national ice hockey team for Austria. The team is controlled by Österreichischer Eishockeyverband. As of 2022 the Austrian team is ranked 18th in the IIHF World Rankings. Austria has not won a medal in a major tournament since 1947. Austria currently has 8,799 registered players (0.1% of the total population).
Clisbako Caldera Complex
The Clisbako Caldera Complex (also called the Cheslatta Caldera Complex) is a large dissected caldera complex in the Chilcotin Group and Anahim Volcanic Belt in central British Columbia, Canada. It has a diameter of 60 km (37 mi) and is composed mainly of Eocene felsic and mafic volcanic rocks. Rocks within the caldera range in composition from basalt to rhyolite.

Rhyolite
Rhyolite (/ˈraɪ.əlaɪt/ RY-ə-lyte) is the most silica-rich of volcanic rocks. It is generally glassy or fine-grained (aphanitic) in texture, but may be porphyritic, containing larger mineral crystals (phenocrysts) in an otherwise fine-grained groundmass. The mineral assemblage is predominantly quartz, sanidine, and plagioclase. It is the extrusive equivalent of granite.

Its high silica content makes rhyolitic magma extremely viscous. This favors explosive eruptions over effusive eruptions, so this type of magma is more often erupted as pyroclastic rock than as lava flows. Rhyolitic ash-flow tuffs are among the most voluminous of continental igneous rock formations.

Rhyolitic tuff has been used extensively for construction. Obsidian, which is rhyolitic volcanic glass, has been used for tools from prehistoric times to the present day because it can be shaped to an extremely sharp edge. Rhyolitic pumice finds use as an abrasive, in concrete, and as a soil amendment.
Zarya, Zabaykalsky Krai
Zarya (Russian: Заря) is a rural locality (a selo) in Olovyanninsky District, Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. Population: 61 (2021 census); 76 (2010 census); 129 (2002 census);  There are 3 streets in this selo.

Zabaykalsky Krai
Zabaykalsky Krai is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in the Russian Far East. Its administrative center is Chita. As of the 2010 Census, the population was 1,107,107.

The krai was created on 1 March 2008, as a result of a merger of Chita Oblast and Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug after a referendum held on the issue on 11 March 2007. In 2018, the krai became part of the Far Eastern Federal District.
Burchmullo
Burchmullo (Uzbek: Burchmullo, Russian: Бурчмулла, romanized: Burchmulla, formerly Brichmulla) is an urban-type settlement in the northeast of Tashkent Region, Uzbekistan. It is part of Boʻstonliq District. Its population is 4,100 (2016). It lies by the Koksu River near its inflow into the Charvak Reservoir by the southwestern extremity of the Koksu Ridge, west Tian Shan. It is about 120 km NEE from Tashkent.

A Neanderthal archaeological site exists near Burchmullo. In mediaeval times, Burchmullo was an important town, fortress and mining location. Polymetallic and other deposits are known in the area, including arsenic, bismuth, lead and silver. In the 18-19th centuries gold was extracted by washing through wool carpets

Burchmullo is also known in Russian culture due to the song Brich-Mulla by Tatyana and Sergey Nikitin.

Tian Shan
The Tian Shan, also known as the Tengri Tagh or Tengir-Too, is a large system of mountain ranges in Central Asia. The highest peak is Jengish Chokusu at 7,439 metres (24,406 ft) high and located in Kyrgyzstan. Its lowest point is at the Turpan Depression, which is 154 m (505 ft) below sea level.

The Tian Shan is sacred in Tengrism. Its second-highest peak is known as Khan Tengri, which can be translated as "Lord of the Spirits". At the 2013 Conference on World Heritage, the eastern portion of Tian Shan in western China's Xinjiang Region was listed as a World Heritage Site. The western portion in Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan was then listed in 2016.
Cope's brown treefrog
Cope's brown treefrog or fringe-limbed treefrog (Ecnomiohyla miliaria) is a species of frog in the family Hylidae.
It is found in Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Panama.
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.
It is threatened by habitat loss.

Hylidae
Hylidae is a wide-ranging family of frogs commonly referred to as "tree frogs and their allies". However, the hylids include a diversity of frog species, many of which do not live in trees, but are terrestrial or semiaquatic.
Spectral signal-to-noise ratio
In scientific imaging, the two-dimensional spectral signal-to-noise ratio (SSNR) is a signal-to-noise ratio measure which measures the normalised cross-correlation coefficient between several two-dimensional images over corresponding rings in Fourier space as a function of spatial frequency. It is a multi-particle extension of the Fourier ring correlation (FRC), which is related to the Fourier shell correlation. The SSNR is a popular method for finding the resolution of a class average in cryo-electron microscopy.

Imaging
Imaging is the process of creating visual representations of objects, scenes, or phenomena. The term encompasses both the formation of images through physical processes and the technologies used to capture, store, process, and display them. While traditional imaging relies on visible light, modern imaging systems can visualize information across the electromagnetic spectrum and through other physical phenomena such as sound waves, magnetic fields, and particle emissions, enabling the visualization of subjects invisible to the human eye.

Imaging science is the multidisciplinary field concerned with the theoretical foundations and practical applications of image creation and analysis. The field draws on physics, mathematics, electrical engineering, computer science, computer vision, and perceptual psychology to develop systems that generate, collect, duplicate, analyze, modify, and visualize images.
Thani bin Hamad Al Thani
Thani bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani (Arabic: ثاني بن حمد بن خليفة آل ثاني) is the brother of the Emir of Qatar Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, and son of the country's Father Emir Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani. Al Thani sits on the board of directors of the Doha Film Institute and International Bank of Qatar.

International Bank of Qatar
The International Bank of Qatar (Arabic: بنك قطر الدولي), often branded ibq, was a private sector bank operating in Qatar founded in 1956. The bank offered a range of products and services across retail, private and corporate banking divisions.

ibq had a growing network of branches and ATMs covering most major locations across the country. It merged with Barwa Bank in 2019.
Nealy Martin
Nealy Cameron Martin (born April 22, 1998) is an American professional soccer player who plays as a defender or defensive midfielder for Angel City FC of the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). She played college soccer for the Alabama Crimson Tide. She has also previously played for Racing Louisville FC and Gotham FC. She has occasionally served as an emergency goalkeeper, most notably in the closing minutes of Gotham's victory in the 2023 NWSL Championship.

Washington Spirit
The Washington Spirit are an American professional soccer team based in Washington, D.C. that competes in the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). It is a continuation of the D.C. United Women of the W-League and continues to field both an amateur Women's Premier Soccer League (WPSL) team and a youth team, both under the Spirit name. The team has reached the NWSL Championship four times (2016, 2021, 2024, and 2025), winning once in 2021.
III: So Long Suckers
III: So Long Suckers is the third and final studio album by Finnish doom metal band Reverend Bizarre. It is a double album.

The duration on the first CD (66:06) is not coincidental. The first draft at mastering the CD was adjusted by a few seconds to produce the three 6's in the duration.

The lyric "Christs may come and Christs may go but Caesar is forever" is lifted from the pamphlet Might Is Right by Ragnar Redbeard.

The fifth track on CD 2 is a secret track not mentioned on the back cover of the CD case. It also goes under the nickname "Mallorca".

Might Is Right
Might Is Right or The Survival of the Fittest is a book by pseudonymous author Ragnar Redbeard, generally believed to be a pen name of Arthur Desmond. First published in 1896, it advocates amorality, consequentialism, and psychological hedonism.
Dan Beacom Track Complex
The Dan Beacom Track Complex is a sports venue located on the campus of Dakota State University in Madison, South Dakota. The DBTC is composed of a running track and a football pitch. It sits directly north of Brian Kern Family Stadium and northeast of the DSU Fieldhouse.

The venue is currently home to the Dakota State Trojans track and field and soccer teams. The stadium was also home to Dakota State's football team during the 2023 season while Brian Kern Family Stadium was being built. It features a Trojan blue eight-lane 400-meter polyurethane track that includes a steeple chase pit, a site for javelin, discus, and shot put, as well as a full sized synthetic turf soccer field. It has a seating capacity of 1,800.

Dakota State Trojans
The Dakota State Trojans are the athletic teams that represent Dakota State University (DSU), located in Madison, South Dakota. The Trojans compete at the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) level as a member of the North Star Athletic Association. The Trojans previously competed in the South Dakota Intercollegiate Conference (SDIC) from 1917–18 to 1999–2000, then in the Dakota Athletic Conference (DAC) from 2000–01 to 2010–11. During the 2025–26 academic year, Dakota State will be joining the Frontier Conference. Dakota State's main rivalry is with the Dakota Wesleyan Tigers.
Crooked Calypso
Crooked Calypso is the third studio album by Paul Heaton and Jacqui Abbott, both formerly members of the Beautiful South. The album was released in the UK on 21 July 2017 by Virgin EMI.

When writing the lyrics for the album, Heaton again retreated to the Netherlands, while the music was written in Gran Canaria together with guitarist Jonny Lexus. The photography for the album was by Sean Welch, the bassist for The Beautiful South.

A deluxe edition was also available upon the album's release, which included a DVD of a live performance recorded at Scarborough Open Air Theatre on 5 August 2016.

Virgin EMI Records
Virgin EMI Records was a British record label owned by the Universal Music Group that was formed in 2013. In June 2020, the label was rebranded as EMI Records, and operates Virgin Records as an imprint of the new EMI Records.
Omega−6 fatty acid
Omega−6 fatty acids (also referred to as ω−6 fatty acids or n−6 fatty acids) are a family of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) that share a final carbon-carbon double bond in the n−6 position, that is, the sixth bond, counting from the methyl end. Health and medical organizations recommend intake of omega−6 fatty acids as part of healthful dietary patterns.

Methyl group
In organic chemistry, a methyl group is an alkyl derived from methane, containing one carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms, having chemical formula CH3 (whereas normal methane has the formula CH4). In formulas, the group is often abbreviated as Me. This hydrocarbon group occurs in many organic compounds. It is a very stable group in most molecules. While the methyl group is usually part of a larger molecule, bonded to the rest of the molecule by a single covalent bond (−CH3), it can be found on its own in any of three forms: methanide anion (CH−3), methylium cation (CH+3) or methyl radical (CH•3). The anion has eight valence electrons, the radical seven and the cation six. All three forms are highly reactive and rarely observed.
Satellite contribution
A Satellite contribution link or service is a means to transport video programming by a satellite link from a remote source (such as an outside broadcast unit) to a broadcaster's studio or from the studio to a satellite TV uplink centre (for onward distribution by DTH, fibre, cable etc.).

Such contribution links are often made by terrestrial connections (landline, fibre, etc.) but the use of a satellite "hop" provides advantages in some situations.

Satellite operators and third party agencies provide satellite contribution links for the occasional or regular use of the client broadcasters.

Telecommunications link
In a telecommunications network, a link is a communication channel that connects two or more devices for the purpose of data transmission. The link may be a dedicated physical link or a virtual circuit that uses one or more physical links or shares a physical link with other telecommunications links.

A telecommunications link is generally based on one of several types of information transmission paths such as those provided by communication satellites, terrestrial radio communications infrastructure (a radio link) and computer networks to connect two or more points.

The term link is widely used in computer networking to refer to the communications facilities that connect nodes of a network.

Sometimes the communications facilities that provide the communication channel that constitutes a link are also included in the definition of link.ipv4 for cell phone
Swimming at the 1963 Pan American Games – Men's 100 metre backstroke
The men's 100 metre backstroke competition of the swimming events at the 1963 Pan American Games took place on April. The last Pan American Games champion was Frank McKinney of US.

This race consisted of two lengths of the pool, all in backstroke.

1963 Pan American Games
The 1963 Pan American Games, officially known as the IV Pan American Games (Portuguese: IV Jogos Pan-Americanos) and commonly known as São Paulo 1963, were held from April 20 to May 5, 1963, in São Paulo, Brazil.

The organization of the Pan American Games was led by Major Sylvio de Magalhães Padilha, a distinguished Olympic athlete who also served as President of the Brazilian Olympic Committee, Vice President of PanAm Sports (Panamerican Sports Organization), and Vice President of the International Olympic Committee.
Andrew Tang
Andrew Tang (born November 29, 1999) is an American chess grandmaster. He is also a popular streamer, known online for his speed chess skills especially in bullet (one minute), hyperbullet (30 seconds), and ultrabullet (15 seconds) time controls as well as for playing speed chess blindfolded.

Chess.com
Chess.com is an internet chess server. The largest chess platform in the world, the site operates on a freemium model in which some features are available for free, and others are available via subscription. Users can play live online chess against other users in daily, rapid, blitz, or bullet time controls, with a number of chess variants available. Additionally, the platform offers play against chess engines, computer analysis, chess puzzles, and teaching resources.

Chess.com reached 200 million users in early 2025, and had about 11 million daily active users as of April 2023. Chess.com has hosted online tournaments, including Titled Tuesdays, the PRO Chess League, the Speed Chess Championships, PogChamps, Online Chess Olympiads, and computer vs computer events.
Andrew Ritchie (British Army officer)
Major General Andrew Stephenson Ritchie, CBE (born 30 July 1953) is a retired British Army officer and former Commandant of the Royal Military Academy, Sandhurst. He was Director of Goodenough College, London.

Royal Military Academy Sandhurst
The Royal Military Academy Sandhurst (RMAS or RMA Sandhurst), commonly known simply as Sandhurst, is one of several military academies of the United Kingdom and is the British Army's initial officer training centre. It is located in the town of Sandhurst, Berkshire, though its ceremonial entrance is in Camberley, Surrey, southwest of London. All British Army officers (including late-entry officers who were previously Warrant Officers) are trained at the academy, alongside other men and women from overseas. The academy also commands the University Officers' Training Corps (UOTC), which along with the General Staff Centre (GSC) and the Centre for Army Leadership (CAL) are collectively part of the formation known as Sandhurst Group (RMAS Group) part of Home Command.

Sandhurst is the British Army equivalent of the Britannia Royal Naval College and of the Royal Air Force College Cranwell.
Sorel-Moussel
Sorel-Moussel (French pronunciation: [sɔʁɛl musɛl]) is a commune in the Eure-et-Loir department in northern France.

It holds an important archaeological site known as Fort-Harrouard (fr), a Neolithic village first studied at the turn of the 20th century by abbé Philippe.

The medieval remains of Château de Sorel, are located nearby.

Fort Harrouard (fr)

Eure-et-Loir
Eure-et-Loir (French pronunciation: [œʁ‿e lwaʁ], locally: [øʁ‿e lwaʁ]) is a French department, named after the Eure and Loir rivers. It is located in the region of Centre-Val de Loire. In 2019, Eure-et-Loir had a population of 431,575.