hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Television in Switzerland
Television in Switzerland was introduced in the 1940s, with regular broadcasts commencing in 1953. People who live in Switzerland are required by law to pay a television licence fee, which is used to finance the public radio and television service SRG SSR.

Since 1 January 2021, the Licence fee cost in all the linguistic regions of Switzerland is 335 CHF per year or 83.75 CHF quarterly (with a 2 CHF fee if paid via LSV+, Debit Direct, or e-billing, and the invoice is sent via email), counting both radio and television licences. All licence fee payers are entitled under the law to services of equal quality. The fee is charged per household and not per person, with empty dwellings being exempt. The fee is determined by the Federal Council.

RSI La 2
RSI La 2 (RSI La due) is a Swiss public television channel owned by Radiotelevisione Svizzera di lingua Italiana. It is a sister channel of RSI La 1, broadcast in Italian. It mainly airs sport programmes, but also reruns and music shows. It does not broadcast any newscasts.
Chandipat Sahay
The Hon'ble Chandipat Sahay MLC was a principal zamindar and ruler of the Patna zamindari estate, primarily governing the district of Patna. He also served a term as a Member of Legislative Council in the Legislative Council of the Governor of Bihar and Orissa, representing the Patna Division Landholders' Constituency, where he was appointed to the Panel of Chairmen.

Sachchidananda Sinha
Sachchidananda Sinha (10 November 1871 – 6 March 1950) was an Indian lawyer, statesman, administrator and educationist. He was the first President of the Indian Constituent Assembly which drafted the Constitution of India. He also served as the vice chancellor of Patna University, secretary of the Indian National Congress, and deputy speaker of the Indian Legislative Assembly.

He, along with Mahesh Narayan, is considered to be the main architects of the modern state of Bihar.
1st Province No. 1 Provincial Assembly
The first Koshi Provincial Assembly was elected by the 2017 provincial elections. 93 members were elected to the assembly, 56 of whom were elected through direct elections and 37 of whom were elected through the party list proportional representation system. The term of the assembly started on 5 February 2018 and ended in September 2022. Sher Dhan Rai and Bhim Acharya served as chief ministers from CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist) and Rajendra Kumar Rai served as chief minister from CPN (Unified Socialist) during the term of the assembly. Pradeep Kumar Bhandari served as the speaker of the assembly and Saraswati Pokharel served as deputy speaker.

Koshi Provincial Assembly
The Koshi Provincial Assembly also known as the Koshi Pradesh Sabha, (Nepali: कोशी प्रदेश सभा) is the unicameral legislature of Koshi Province, one of the seven provinces in Nepal. The assembly is seated at the provincial capital at Biratnagar in Morang District at the District Coordination Committee Office. The assembly has 93 members of whom 56 are elected through first-past-the-post voting and 37 are elected through proportional representation. The term of the assembly is 5 years unless dissolved earlier.

The First Provincial Assembly was constituted in 2017, after the 2017 provincial elections. The current assembly was elected in November 2022.
5th Missouri Cavalry Regiment (Union)
5th Missouri Cavalry Regiment, also known as the Benton Hussars, was a cavalry unit from Missouri that briefly served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. The regiment was formed on 14 February 1862. The regiment fought at the Battle of Pea Ridge in March 1862 and elements were present at the Battle of Cotton Plant in July 1862. The regiment was consolidated with the 4th Missouri Volunteer Cavalry Regiment on 15 November 1862. The Benton Hussars were organized on 18 September 1861 and fought at Fredericktown in October 1861.

Battle of Cotton Plant
The Battle of Cotton Plant also known as Action at Hill's Plantation or Action at Cache River or Action at Round Hill (July 7, 1862) was fought during the American Civil War in Woodruff County, Arkansas. Frustrated in its attempt to march to Little Rock by a lack of supplies, the Union Army of the Southwest under the command of Samuel Ryan Curtis moved south down the White River. Curtis's army encountered a Confederate force led by Albert Rust on the east bank of the Cache River near Cotton Plant. Rust was only able to bring two Texas cavalry regiments into action. These horsemen attacked the Federal advance guard under Charles Edward Hovey, but after a spirited fight, Union reinforcements arrived and drove off the Texans. Rust's force made a disorderly retreat and Curtis's army was able to march south to Clarendon before veering east to occupy Helena on the Mississippi River.
Malcolm A. Patterson
Malcolm Alexander Patterson (January 18, 1890 – January 21, 1965) was a lawyer and political figure in Nova Scotia, Canada. He represented Cape Breton West in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1937 to 1956 as a Liberal member.

He was born in Sydney, Nova Scotia, the son of Alexander Patterson and Jeanie McKenzie. He was educated at the Sydney Academy and Dalhousie University, where he studied law. Patterson set up practice in Sydney. In 1920, he married Georgina Isabel Ross. Patterson served as Crown Prosecutor for Cape Breton County from 1921 to 1925 and from 1935 to 1952. He was a member of the province's Executive Council, serving as provincial secretary from 1947 to 1951, as Minister of Mines from 1947 to 1949, as Minister of Municipal Affairs in 1949 and as Attorney General from 1949 to 1953. Patterson was defeated when he ran for reelection in 1956.

Patterson died at Sydney on January 21, 1965.

Nova Scotia Liberal Party
The Nova Scotia Liberal Party (officially the Liberal Association of Nova Scotia) is a centrist provincial political party in Nova Scotia, Canada and the provincial section of the Liberal Party of Canada. The party currently holds two seats in the Legislature, under the interim leadership of Iain Rankin. The party was in power most recently from the 2013 election until the 2021 election.

The party is the only party in the province with uninterrupted presence in the legislature since confederation. It has formed the Government of Nova Scotia for 90 of the approximately 160 years since it became a province of Canada. It won 25 of the province's 42 elections, but was supplanted by the Nova Scotia New Democratic Party as the official opposition for three consecutive elections in 1999, 2003 and 2006, and again in the most recent election in 2024.
Tom Adams Bridge
The Tom Adams Bridge is a bridge in northern Charlotte County, Florida.  It is a double-leaf bascule bridge that carries Beach Road (CR 776) from the mainland in Englewood to Sandpiper Key with another bridge connecting the route to Manasota Key.  The bridge is named for Thomas Burton Adams Jr., who served as Secretary of State of Florida and Lieutenant Governor.  The Tom Adams Bridge is one of two bridge crossings providing access to Manasota Key, with the other crossing existing further north in Sarasota County.

Lieutenant Governor of Florida
The lieutenant governor of Florida is a statewide constitutional office in the executive branch of the U.S. state of Florida. It is the second highest-ranking official in the state government. The lieutenant governor is elected on a ticket with the governor for a four-year term.

Official duties dictated to the lieutenant governor under the present Florida Constitution are to serve as the acting governor in the absence of the governor from the state or the disability of the governor, or to become governor in the event of the governor's death, resignation or removal from office via impeachment.

Three lieutenant governors went on to serve as Governor of Florida: Marcellus Stearns, Wayne Mixson, and Buddy MacKay.

The office has been held by Jay Collins since his appointment by Governor Ron DeSantis on August 12, 2025, following predecessor Jeanette Nuñez's resignation to become interim president of Florida International University.
2010 Var floods
The 2010 Var floods were the result of heavy rainfall in southern France that caused severe floods in the department of the Var in the evening of 15 June 2010. As well as generalized flooding, there were also flash floods. Meteorologists say the floods are the worst in the region since 1827, with more than 400 mm (16 in) of rain falling in less than 24 hours. At least 25 people were killed. The worst hit municipalities were Les Arcs, Figanières, Roquebrune-sur-Argens, Trans-en-Provence, and the subprefecture of Draguignan.

Figanières
Figanières (French pronunciation: [fiɡanjɛʁ]; Occitan: Figanieras) is a commune in the Var department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in Southeastern France. Figanières is located just northeast of Draguignan.
Flatida rosea
Flatida rosea, the flower-spike bug or the flatid leaf bug, is a species of planthopper in the family Flatidae. It is found in tropical dry forests in Madagascar, and the adult insects are gregarious, the groups orienting themselves in such a way that they resemble a flower spike.

The adults have wide pink wings which they hold vertically in a tent-like fashion, concealing the whole body. The nymphs have no wings, but can move about, and are defensively covered in wispy white wax, with a plume of waxy tendrils. Like other bugs in this family, both adults and nymphs feed by piercing the bark with their mouthparts and sucking sap from the phloem. The adults are mobile and can jump if disturbed.

Flatida rosea feed on the liana Elachyptera minimiflora. The nymphs produce copious quantities of honeydew and the Coquerel's coua (Coua coquerelii) feeds on this.

Phloem
Pith

Protoxylem

Metaxylem

Phloem

Sclerenchyma (bast fibre)

Cortex

Epidermis

Phloem (/ˈfloʊ.əm/, FLOH-əm) is the living tissue in vascular plants that transports the soluble organic compounds made during photosynthesis and known as photosynthates, in particular the sugar sucrose, to the rest of the plant. This transport process is called translocation. In trees, the phloem is the innermost layer of the bark, hence the name, derived from the Ancient Greek word φλοιός (phloiós), meaning "bark". The term was introduced by Carl Nägeli in 1858. Different types of phloem can be distinguished. The early phloem formed in the growth apices is called protophloem. Protophloem eventually becomes obliterated once it connects to the durable phloem in mature organs, the metaphloem. Further, secondary phloem is formed during the thickening of stem structures.
Deputy Chief of the Army Staff (Pakistan)
The Deputy Chief of the Army Staff (DCOAS) in Pakistan holds the rank of Lieutenant-General and serves as Principal Staff Officer (PSO) of the Pakistan Army. They report directly to the Vice Chief of the Army Staff and occupy a crucial three-star rank position. Assisting the Chief of Army Staff, the Deputy Chief of Army Staff holds the third most important military position in the Pakistan Army. Their responsibilities encompass strategic planning, decision-making, and the overall management of the army.

Lieutenant general (Pakistan)
Lieutenant General is a three-star army officer rank in the Pakistan Army. It is equivalent to a vice admiral in the Pakistan Navy and an air marshal in the Pakistan Air Force.  A lieutenant general is also called a three-star general. Like other armies, this rank is higher than a major general and lower than a full general. There are currently 30 Lieutenant Generals in the Pakistan Army, with each usually presiding over a corps. They serve at various capacities at GHQ as well.

The Pakistan Army has followed the British Army rank system since its independence from the British Empire in 1947. However, the crown in the ranks has been replaced with a star and crescent, which symbolizes the sovereignty of the Government of Pakistan.
2016 Florida Gators football team
The 2016 Florida Gators football team represented the University of Florida in the sport of American football during the 2016 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Gators played their home games at Ben Hill Griffin Stadium in Gainesville, Florida, and competed in the Eastern Division of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). They were led by second-year head coach Jim McElwain. They finished the season 9–4, 6–2 in SEC regular season play to represent the Eastern Division in the SEC Championship Game where they lost to Alabama. They were invited to the Outback Bowl where they defeated Iowa.

Antonio Callaway
Antonio Callaway (born January 9, 1997) is an American former professional football wide receiver. He played college football for the Florida Gators and was selected by the Cleveland Browns in the fourth round of the 2018 NFL draft.
Advanced Indonesia Coalition
The Advanced Indonesia Coalition (Indonesian: Koalisi Indonesia Maju, KIM), formerly the Great Indonesia Awakening Coalition (Indonesian: Koalisi Kebangkitan Indonesia Raya, KKIR), is an official political coalition in Indonesia which was formed through a political agreement between two parties from the Onward Indonesia Coalition, namely the Gerindra Party (Gerindra) and the National Awakening Party (PKB), to nominate Prabowo Subianto, Minister of Defence, as a presidential candidate in 2024 Indonesian presidential election. The coalition currently controls the government.

Later, in August 2023, Golkar and the National Mandate Party (PAN) joined the coalition. In September of that same year, the PKB decided to leave the coalition and join the Coalition of Change for Unity, while remaining part of the government.

Indonesian Solidarity Party
The Indonesian Solidarity Party (Indonesian: Partai Solidaritas Indonesia, PSI) is a political party in Indonesia that focuses on women's rights, pluralism, and Indonesian youth. It is led by Kaesang Pangarep who is the youngest son of former Indonesian President Joko Widodo. He joined the party on 23 September 2023 and became the general chairman on 25 September 2023.

PSI endorsed incumbent President Joko Widodo for the 2019 election. On the 2024 general election, PSI had won only about 3% of the national vote and would therefore not be represented in the national parliament.
2020 Drydene 200 (Saturday)
The first of the two 2020 Drydene 200s was the 20th stock car race of the 2020 NASCAR Xfinity Series season, and the 39th iteration of the event. The race was held on Saturday, August 22, 2020 in Dover, Delaware at Dover International Speedway, a 1 mile (1.6 km) permanent oval-shaped racetrack. The race was originally to be held on May 2, but was postponed to August 22 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The race took the scheduled 200 laps to complete. At race's end, Justin Allgaier of JR Motorsports would win the race in dominating fashion, winning the 12th race of his career in the NASCAR Xfinity Series and the first of the season. To fill the podium, Austin Cindric of Team Penske and Ross Chastain of Kaulig Racing would finish 2nd and 3rd, respectively.

Ross Chastain
Ross Lee Chastain (born December 4, 1992) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He competes full-time in the NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 1 Chevrolet Camaro ZL1 for Trackhouse Racing, part-time in the NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series, driving the No. 32 Chevrolet Camaro SS for Jordan Anderson Racing and No. 9 Chevrolet SS for JR Motorsports, and part-time in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series, driving the No. 45 Chevrolet Silverado RST for Niece Motorsports. He is the older brother of fellow NASCAR driver Chad Chastain.
Gopi Chand Narang
Gopi Chand Narang (11 February 1931 – 15 June 2022) was an Indian theorist, literary critic, and scholar who wrote in Urdu and English. His Urdu literary criticism incorporated a range of modern theoretical frameworks including stylistics, structuralism, post-structuralism, and Eastern poetics.

Poetics
Poetics is the study or theory of poetry, specifically the study or theory of device, structure, form, type, and effect with regards to poetry, though usage of the term can also refer to literature broadly. Poetics is distinguished from hermeneutics by its focus on the synthesis of non-semantic elements in a text rather than its semantic interpretation. Most literary criticism combines poetics and hermeneutics in a single analysis; however, one or the other may predominate given the text and the aims of the one doing the reading.
Roy Hill mine
The Roy Hill mine is an iron ore mine in the Chichester Range in the Pilbara region of Western Australia, located 115 kilometres (71 mi) north of Newman and 277 kilometres (172 mi) south of Port Hedland. With indicated and inferred reserves of more than 2.4 billion tonnes, it is expected to become one of the largest mining projects in Australia. Mining operations are expected to produce up to 55 million tonnes of iron ore per annum with an operating life of more than 20 years.

Gina Rinehart's Hancock Prospecting is the majority stakeholder in the project with a 70% interest. The remaining 30% stake is held by a consortium comprising POSCO (12.5%), Marubeni (15%), and China Steel Corporation (2.5%). As part of the ownership agreement the various consortium partners have also secured their proportionate share of iron ore production from the Roy Hill Project, representing a combined 16.5 million tonnes per annum of iron ore at full production.

POSCO
POSCO (formerly Pohang Iron and Steel Company) is a South Korean steel manufacturer headquartered in Pohang, South Korea. It had an output of 42,000,000 metric tons (41,000,000 long tons; 46,000,000 short tons) of crude steel in 2015, making it the world's Seventh-largest steelmaker by this measure. In 2010, it was the world's largest steel manufacturing company by market value. Also, in 2024, it was named as the world's 233rd-largest corporation by the Fortune Global 500.

POSCO currently operates two integrated steel mills in South Korea, in Pohang and Gwangyang. POSCO previously operated a joint venture with U.S. Steel, USS-POSCO Industries, in Pittsburg, California, United States, but U.S. Steel acquired full ownership of the facility in February 2020.
ComfortJet
ComfortJet is a high-speed push-pull train which is being built by Siemens Mobility and Škoda Transportation for the Czech train operator České dráhy and is planned to start operations from summer 2024. Based on the Railjet, Siemens developed its Vectrain train family. It will operate at speeds of up to 230 km/h and will replace old carriages on international EuroCity services between the Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Austria, Slovakia and Hungary and on domestic InterCity services in the Czech Republic. It is very similar to the interjet trains based on the same Viaggio Comfort carriages used for shorter routes, which do not feature the Afmpz control car.

Push–pull train
Push–pull is a configuration for locomotive-hauled trains, usually having a locomotive on one end and a control car on another, connected via some form of remote control, such as multiple-unit train control.

This formation meant that the locomotive would not have to run-around at the end of a journey before returning.

The trains were also historically knows as "motor trains" or "railmotors", but the term "railmotor" is now used to refer to trains where the locomotive was integrated into a coach. In the UK and some other parts of Europe, the control car is referred to as a driving trailer (or driving van trailer/DVT where there is no passenger accommodation); in the US and Canada, they are called cab cars and in Australia, they are called driving trailers.
Laura Terech
Laura Terech is an American politician, teacher, community organizer and a former Democratic member of the Arizona House of Representatives, elected to represent District 4 in 2022. Terech resigned from office on June 30, 2024.

Arizona House of Representatives
The Arizona House of Representatives is the lower house of the Arizona Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Arizona. The upper house is the Senate. The House convenes in the legislative chambers at the Arizona State Capitol in Phoenix. Its members are elected to two-year terms, with a term limit of four consecutive terms (eight years). Each of the state's 30 legislative districts elects two state house representatives and one state senator, with each district having a population of at least 203,000.

The last election occurred on November 5, 2024, with the Republican Party securing a majority in the House.
Coquerel
Coquerel is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Athanase Laurent Charles Coquerel (1795–1868), French Protestant theologian

Athanase Josué Coquerel (1820–1875), French Protestant theologian

Charles Coquerel (1822–1867), French navy surgeon, algologist and entomologist

Flora Coquerel (born 1994), French model

Frédéric Coquerel (born 1978), French footballer

Éric Coquerel (born 1958), French politician

Flora Coquerel
Flora Coquerel (born 14 April 1994) is a French model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss France 2014. Coquerel had previously been crowned Miss Orléanais 2013, becoming the first woman representing the Centre-Val de Loire region to become Miss France. She represented France at Miss World 2014 and Miss Universe 2015, placing in the Top 5 at the latter.
Die Horen (Schiller)
Die Horen (The Horae) was a monthly German literary journal published from 1795 to 1797. It was printed by the Cotta publishing house in Tübingen and edited and run by Friedrich Schiller. Many and partially antagonistic prominent figures in German culture of the time contributed, among them Johann Jakob Engel, Fichte, Goethe, Herder, Alexander von Humboldt, Wilhelm von Humboldt, Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi, Johann Heinrich Meyer, August Wilhelm Schlegel, and Karl Ludwig von Woltmann. The journal formed the cornerstone of Weimar Classicism and exerted a great influence onto German intellectual history.

Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi
Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi (/dʒəˈkoʊbi/; German: [jaˈkoːbi]; 25 January 1743 – 10 March 1819) was a German philosopher, writer and socialite. He is best known for popularizing the concept of nihilism. He promoted the idea that it is the necessary result of Enlightenment thought and the philosophical systems of Baruch Spinoza, Immanuel Kant, Johann Gottlieb Fichte and Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling.

Jacobi advocated Glaube (variously translated as faith or "belief") and Offenbarung (revelation) instead of speculative reason. According to one view, Jacobi can be seen to have anticipated present-day writers who criticize secular philosophy as relativistic and dangerous for religious faith. His aloofness from the Sturm and Drang movement was the basis of a brief friendship with Johann Wolfgang von Goethe.

He was the younger brother of poet Johann Georg Jacobi and the father of the great psychiatrist Maximilian Jacobi.
Opus Casino
Opus Casino (formerly Liquid Vegas, Royal Star, Liberty II, Liberty I, Royal Empress, Punta Pedrera) is a cruiseferry built in 1985 in Valencia, Spain for Marítima de Formentera SA, to handle traffic between Ibiza and Formentera. In July 2012, the vessel was donated to The Seasteading Institute, and is currently available for bareboat charter or sale, preferably to businesses that could support experimentation with long-term ocean habitation.

Formentera
Formentera (Balearic Catalan: [fuɾmənˈteɾə], Spanish: [foɾmenˈteɾa]) is a Spanish island located in the Mediterranean Sea, which belongs to the Balearic Islands autonomous community together with Mallorca, Menorca, and Ibiza.

Formentera is the smallest and most southerly island of the Pityusic Islands group (comprising Ibiza and Formentera itself, as well as various small islets). It covers an area of 83.24 square kilometres (32.14 sq mi), including offshore islets. At the 2011 Census, the population was 10,583; according to the Census of 1 January 2021, it counted 11,891 inhabitants, while the official estimate at 1 January 2023 was 11,389.