hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
German submarine U-176
German submarine U-176 was a Type IXC U-boat in Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

Built at the DeSchiMAG AG Weser shipyard in Bremen, she was laid down on 6 February 1941, launched on 12 September and commissioned on 15 December, under the command of Kapitänleutnant Reiner Dierksen.

U-176 served with the 4. Unterseebootsflotille (U-boat flotilla) while training, and from 1 August 1942 with the 10th U-boat Flotilla, a long-range operations unit. U-176 completed three patrols, sinking 11 ships totalling 53,307 gross register tons (GRT) before she was sunk off Cayo Blanquizal by the Cuban Navy on 15 May 1943.

Sabana-Camagüey Archipelago
Sabana-Camagüey (Spanish: Archipiélago de Sabana-Camagüey) is an archipelago that lies on Cuba's north-central Atlantic coast. It is located off the northern coast of the provinces of Matanzas, Villa Clara, Sancti Spíritus, Ciego de Ávila and Camagüey, and is bounded to the north by the Atlantic Ocean, specifically by the Nicholas Channel (Sabana  segment) and Old Bahama Channel (Camagüey segment).

The archipelago is positioned on a general north-west to south-east axis, and stretches for 475 km (295 mi) from the Hicacos Peninsula and Varadero to the Bay of Nuevitas. The entire system covers more than 75,000 km2 (29,000 sq mi) and is composed of approximately 2,517 cays and isles. The eastern islands are grouped in the Jardines del Rey archipelago, and contain Cayo Coco, Cayo Guillermo and Cayo Romano among others.
Kołątek
Kołątek [kɔˈwɔntɛk] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Barwice, within Szczecinek County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) south-west of Barwice, 26 km (16 mi) west of Szczecinek, and 118 km (73 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Szczecinek
Szczecinek (Polish: [ʂt͡ʂɛˈt͡ɕinɛk] ⓘ; German: Neustettin) is a historic city in Middle Pomerania, northwestern Poland, capital of Szczecinek County in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship, with a population of more than 40,000 (2011). The town's total area is 48.63 square kilometres (18.78 square miles).

The turbulent history of Szczecinek reaches back to the High Middle Ages, when the area was ruled by Pomeranian dukes and princes. The majority of the city's architecture survived World War II and, subsequently, its entire Old Town was proclaimed a national heritage monument of Poland. Szczecinek is the location of one of the oldest museums and one of the oldest high schools in Pomerania and northern Poland, and one of the places of production of krówki. It is an important railroad junction, located along the main Poznań - Kołobrzeg line, which crosses less important lines to Chojnice and Słupsk.
Edward Lewknor (died 1556)
Edward Lewknor (c. 1517 – 1556) was the representative of a branch of a prominent Sussex family, in an armigerous line descending in the distaff side from the Camoys barony. Having attained standing as a member of parliament and by a position of service in the royal household, his career was ended abruptly by his involvement in Henry Dudley's conspiracy against Queen Mary I, and his consequent attainder. His children were restored in blood by Queen Elizabeth I.

Attainder
In English common law, attainder was the metaphorical "stain" or "corruption of blood" which arose from being condemned for a serious capital crime (felony or treason). It entailed losing not only one's life, property and hereditary titles, but typically also the right to pass them on to one's heirs. Anyone condemned of capital crimes could be attainted, sometimes as a substitute for the dreaded common law treason.

Attainder by confession resulted from a guilty plea at the bar before judges or before the coroner in sanctuary. Attainder by verdict resulted from conviction by jury. Attainder by process resulted from a legislative act outlawing a fugitive (a bill of attainder). The last form is obsolete in England (and prohibited in the United States), and the other forms have been abolished.
Marlborough wine region
The Marlborough wine region is by far New Zealand's largest, accounting in 2020 for three quarters of the country's wine production, 70% of its vineyard area and 85% of its wine exports. A Geographical Indication in the north-east of the South Island, it covers the entire Marlborough District and the Kaikōura District of the Canterbury Region, but in practice the vineyards are concentrated around the Blenheim and Seddon townships. Internationally, Marlborough Sauvignon Blanc is recognised as world class; wine writers such as Oz Clarke and George Taber have described it as the best in the world.

Kaikōura District
The Kaikōura District (/kaɪˈkɔːrə/; Māori pronunciation: [kaiˈkoːuɾa]) is a territorial authority district in Canterbury Region on the South Island of New Zealand. The district encompasses the eponymous town of Kaikōura, a number of small towns and settlements and the surrounding rural area in northern Canterbury. The district had an estimated population of 4,340 as of June 2025.
Cetacean microbiome
The cetacean microbiome is the group of communities of microorganisms that reside within whales.

Microbiomes play an important role in individual health and ecology and in particular in the discovery of different microbiomes in gut, skin and nose permitted to analyze their conditions and the condition of the Microbiome environment in which they live.

Pseudomonadota
Pseudomonadota (synonym "Proteobacteria") is a major phylum of gram-negative bacteria. They include pathogenic and free-living (non-parasitic) genera. The phylum comprises six classes Acidithiobacillia, Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Hydrogenophilia, and Zetaproteobacteria. The Pseudomonadota are widely diverse, with differences in morphology, metabolic processes, relevance to humans, and ecological influence.
Tim, Kursk Oblast
Tim (Russian: Тим) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Timsky District of Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population: 3,070 (2021 census); 3,186 (2010 census); 3,758 (2002 census); 4,104 (1989 Soviet census).

Kursk Oblast
Kursk Oblast (Russian: Курская область, romanized: Kurskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [ˈkurskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kursk. As of the 2021 census, Kursk Oblast had a population of 1,082,458.
Qingtoushan Formation
The Qingtoushan Formation is a Middle Permian-age geologic formation in the Qilian Mountains of Gansu, China. It is known for its diverse tetrapod fauna known as the Dashankou fauna, which likely dates to the Roadian, and includes some of the oldest known therapsids. This formation was previously erroneously named as the Xidagou Formation, a name which applies to otherwise Triassic strata in the northern Qillian Mountains. The formation is over 300 metres thick, and primarily consists of purple-red coarse sandstones, with minor purple mudstone.

Red beds
Red beds (or redbeds) are sedimentary rocks, typically consisting of sandstone, siltstone, and shale, that are predominantly red in color due to the presence of ferric oxides. Frequently, these red-colored sedimentary strata locally contain thin beds of conglomerate, marl, limestone, or some combination of these sedimentary rocks. The ferric oxides, which are responsible for the red color of red beds, typically occur as a coating on the grains of sediments comprising red beds. Classic examples of red beds are the Permian and Triassic strata of the western United States and the Devonian Old Red Sandstone facies of Europe.
Thomas Hampton (cricketer)
Thomas Robert Gareth Hampton (born 5 October 1990) is an English cricketer.  Hampton is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm fast.  He was born at Kingston upon Thames, Surrey, and was educated at the John Hampden Grammar School in Buckinghamshire.

Having played for the Middlesex Second XI since 2008, Hampton made a single first-class appearance for Middlesex against Oxford MCCU at the University Parks in 2010.  Hampton wasn't required to bat in Middlesex's first-innings of 399/2 declared, which in Oxford MCCU's first-innings of 277, he bowled 7 wicketless overs.  Middlesex made 186/9 declared in their second-innings, with Hampton ending the innings unbeaten on one run.  He took the wicket of Aaron Jeavons in Oxford MCCU's second-innings of 207 all out, finishing with figures of 1/15 from 7 overs.

Over (cricket)
In cricket, an over consists of six legal deliveries bowled from one end of a cricket pitch to the player batting at the other end, almost always by a single bowler.

A maiden over is an over in which no runs are scored that count against the bowler (so leg byes and byes may be scored as they are not counted against the bowler). A wicket maiden is a maiden over in which a wicket is also taken. Similarly, double and triple wicket maidens are when two and three wickets are taken in a maiden over.

After six deliveries the umpire calls 'over'; the fielding team switches ends, and a different bowler is selected to bowl from the opposite end. The captain of the fielding team decides which bowler will bowl any given over, and no bowler may bowl two overs in succession.
Eliana Cuevas
Eliana Cuevas is a Canadian jazz singer, whose music blends jazz with Latin music. She is most noted for her album Golpes y Flores, for which she won the Canadian Folk Music Award for World Solo Artist of the Year at the 14th Canadian Folk Music Awards in 2018.

Born and raised in Caracas, Venezuela, she moved to Canada in 1996 and is currently based in Toronto, Ontario.

Latin music
Latin music (Portuguese and Spanish: música latina) is a term used by the music industry as a catch-all category for various styles of music from Ibero-America, which encompasses Latin America, Spain, Portugal, and the Latino population in Canada and the United States, as well as music that is sung in either Spanish or Portuguese. It may also include music from other territories where Spanish- and Portuguese-language music is made.
Miguel Castillo Didier
Miguel Ángel Castillo Didier (born 14 April 1934) is a Chilean hellenist, translator, scholar and musicologist.

Castillo Didier has been recognized as one of the most prestigious translators of the poets Constantine P. Cavafy, Giorgos Seferis and Nikos Kazantzakis, so his work is also recognized and awarded by the Greek government itself.

Giorgos Seferis
Giorgos or George Seferis (/səˈfɛrɪs/; Greek: Γιώργος Σεφέρης [ˈʝorɣos seˈferis]), the pen name of Georgios Seferiadis (Γεώργιος Σεφεριάδης; March 13  [O.S. February 28] 1900 – September 20, 1971), was a Greek poet and diplomat. He was one of the most important Greek poets of the 20th century, and a Nobel laureate.

He was a career diplomat in the Greek Foreign Service, culminating in his appointment as Ambassador to the UK, a post which he held from 1957 to 1962.
Zakutsky
Zakutsky (Russian: Закутский) is a rural locality (a khutor) and the administrative center of Frunzenskoye Rural Settlement, Sredneakhtubinsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,446 as of 2010. There are 27 streets.

Sredneakhtubinsky District
Sredneakhtubinsky District (Russian: Среднеахту́бинский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the thirty-three in Volgograd Oblast, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Sredneakhtubinsky Municipal District. It is located in the southeast of the oblast. The area of the district is 2,039 square kilometers (787 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Srednyaya Akhtuba. Population: 58,962 (2010 Census); 55,341 (2002 Census); 48,555 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Srednyaya Akhtuba accounts for 24.5% of the district's total population.
USS Avocet (AVP-4)
USS Avocet (AM-19/AVP-4) was a Lapwing-class minesweeper. Avocet was commissioned at the Norfolk Navy Yard, on 17 September 1918, as a minesweeper. Recommissioned on 8 September 1925 as a small seaplane tender, USS Avocet (AVP-4) was present during the Pearl Harbor attack on 7 December 1941. The ship survived the war, and was sold as a hulk on 6 December 1946. In June, 1937, USS Avocet carried a science team to Canton Island (in the Phoenix Islands, midway between Hawaii and Fiji, at the time a British Protectorate) for the total solar eclipse. There, Avocet and HMS Wellington, carrying a British science team, fired shots across each other's bows in a dispute over the choice anchorage of the island that the Americans, arriving first, had claimed. The dispute was quickly smoothed over by both governments.

Norfolk Naval Shipyard
The Norfolk Naval Shipyard, often called the Norfolk Navy Yard and abbreviated as NNSY, is a U.S. Navy facility in Portsmouth, Virginia. It was created for building, remodeling and repairing the United States Navy's ships. It is the oldest and largest industrial facility that belongs to the U.S. Navy as well as the most comprehensive. Located on the Elizabeth River, the yard is just a short distance upriver from its mouth at Hampton Roads.

It was established as Gosport Shipyard in 1767. Though it was destroyed during the American Revolutionary War, it was rebuilt and became home to the first operational drydock in the United States in the 1830s. Changing hands during the American Civil War, it served the Confederate States Navy until it was again destroyed in 1862, when it was given its current name. The shipyard was again rebuilt, and has continued to operate through the present day.
José Luis Sosa
José Luis Sosa (1 January 1956 – 10 October 2021) was a Uruguayan footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He played in five matches for the Uruguay national football team in 1984. He was also part of Uruguay's squad for the 1983 Copa América tournament.

1983 Copa América
The 1983 Copa América football tournament was played between 10 August and 4 November, with all ten CONMEBOL members participating. Defending champions Paraguay received a bye into the semi-finals.

The cup was won by Uruguay, that beat Brazil in the final match. This achievement ended Uruguay's 16-year streak without an official championship since the 1967 South American Championship, and qualified the Celestes to play the first Artemio Franchi Trophy in 1985 against France, winner of the UEFA Euro 1984.
Kulisusu language
Kulisusu is an Austronesian language (one of the Celebic languages) of Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. The Kulisusu language is spoken in the northern part of Buton Island. It is part of a dialect chain with two minor languages, Koroni and Taloki.

Celebic languages
The Celebic languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian languages spoken on the Indonesian island of Sulawesi, formerly called Celebes. Almost all of the languages spoken in the provinces of Central Sulawesi and Southeast Sulawesi belong to the Celebic group. A few Celebic languages (e.g. Wotu, Bonerate) are located in South Sulawesi province. By number of languages (but not by number of speakers), Celebic is the largest subgroup of Austronesian languages on Sulawesi.
Michał Kruszka
Michał Kruszka or Michael Kruszka (September 28, 1860 – December 2, 1918) was a Polish American immigrant, politician, and journalist.  He served four years in the Wisconsin State Senate and two years in the State Assembly, representing Milwaukee's south side and southern Milwaukee County.  He was the first Polish American member of the Wisconsin Legislature.

Wisconsin State Legislature
The Wisconsin State Legislature is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Wisconsin. The legislature is a bicameral body composed of the upper house, Wisconsin State Senate, and the lower Wisconsin State Assembly, both of which have had Republican majorities since January 2011. With both houses combined, the legislature has 132 members representing an equal number of constituent districts. The legislature convenes at the state capitol in Madison.

The current sitting is the 107th Wisconsin Legislature.
Legal Action Comics
Legal Action Comics is a series of comics anthologies edited by illustrator Danny Hellman which features work from many alternative comics artists.

The first volume in the series was published in 2001, and the second followed in 2003. The Legal Action Comics series was initially conceived as a means to raise money for Hellman's legal fees after fellow cartoonist Ted Rall filed a 1.5 million dollar lawsuit against him.

Cartoonists featured in the Legal Action Comics series include Hellman, R. Crumb, Art Spiegelman, Kim Deitch, Skip Williamson, Robert Williams, Tony Millionaire, Michael Kupperman, R. Sikoryak, Mike Diana, Johnny Ryan, Sam Henderson, Spain Rodriguez, John Linton Roberson, Lauren Weinstein and more.

Robert Sikoryak
Robert Sikoryak (born 1964) is an American artist whose work is usually signed R. Sikoryak. He specializes in making comic adaptations of literature classics. Under the series title Masterpiece Comics, these include Crime and Punishment rendered in Bob Kane–era Batman style, becoming Dostoyevsky Comics, starring Raskol; and Waiting for Godot mixed with Beavis and Butt-Head, becoming Waiting to Go.
Alexander Adams (British Army officer)
Lieutenant-General Alexander Adams (baptised 4 April 1772 – 12 September 1834) was a British Army officer. He distinguished himself in the Second Anglo-Maratha War, serving with the 78th Highlanders in India. His commander, General Wellesley (later Duke of Wellington), thanked him for his services on several occasions. After the 1811 invasion of Java, he was appointed to a command in the army, and also as minister at the court of the emperor or Susuhunan Pakubuwono IV.

Lieutenant-general (United Kingdom)
Lieutenant general (Lt Gen), formerly more commonly lieutenant-general, is a senior rank in the British Army and the Royal Marines. It is the equivalent of a multinational three-star rank; some British lieutenant generals sometimes wear three-star insignia, in addition to their standard insignia, when on multinational operations.

Lieutenant general is a superior rank to major general, but subordinate to a (full) general. The rank has a NATO rank code of OF-8, equivalent to a vice-admiral in the Royal Navy and an air marshal in the Royal Air Force (RAF) and the air forces of many Commonwealth countries.

The rank insignia for both the Army and the Royal Marines is a crown over a crossed sabre and baton. During the reign of Elizabeth II, the St Edward's Crown, commonly known as the Queen's Crown, was depicted. Before 1953, and again since the accession of Charles III in 2022, the Tudor Crown has been used.
General Directorate of State Airports Authority
Turkish Airports Authority or legally General Directorate of State Airports Authority (Turkish: Devlet Hava Meydanları İşletmesi Genel Müdürlüğü; DHMİ), is the Turkish government authority responsible for the functioning of airports in Turkey and the regulation and monitoring of air traffic control in Turkish airspace. It is associated with the Turkish Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure and is a member of ICAO, EUROCONTROL, and ACI Europe.

The authority operates most airports in Turkey, with the notable exceptions being Istanbul Airport, Antalya Airport, İzmir Adnan Menderes Airport, Milas–Bodrum Airport and Çukurova Airport.

Çukurova International Airport
Çukurova International Airport (IATA: COV, ICAO: LTDB) is an airport in the Tarsus district of Mersin Province, southern Turkey. It serves the provinces Mersin and Adana. The airport was built in order to replace its predecessor Adana Şakirpaşa Airport due to the old airport’s location of being in the city centre, and had no room to expand or be modernised. When Adana Şakirpaşa Airport closed to commercial passenger airlines, many airlines switched their route across to the new airport for Adana, namely Çukurova Airport.
Kai Pearce-Paul
Kai Pearce-Paul (born 19 February 2001) is an English professional rugby league footballer who plays as a second-row forward for the Wests Tigers in the National Rugby League and England at international level.

He previously played for the Wigan Warriors in the Super League and Newcastle Knights in the NRL. He played as a centre earlier in his career.

London Broncos
The London Broncos are a professional rugby league club based in Wimbledon, England. They play their home games at Plough Lane and compete in the Betfred Championship.

Whilst the club has never won a major trophy, they have finished second in the League Championship once and have been Challenge Cup runners-up once. They have also won the Championship Grand Final, to gain promotion to the Super League, on two occasions.

Originally formed as Fulham Rugby League Club in 1980, they have also previously been known as London Crusaders and Harlequins Rugby League. London's home colours are black, red and white.
2012 Empire Trnava Cup
The 2012 Empire Trnava Cup was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the fourth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2012 ITF Women's Circuit. It took place in Trnava, Slovakia, on 28 July – 5 August 2012.

Trnava
Trnava (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈtr̩naʋa] ⓘ, German: Tyrnau, German: [ˈtʏrnaʊ̯] ⓘ; Hungarian: Nagyszombat [ˈnɒcsombɒt], also known by other alternative names) is a city in western Slovakia, 47 km (29 mi) to the northeast of Bratislava, on the Trnávka river. It is the capital of the Trnava Region and the Trnava District. It is the seat of a Roman Catholic archbishopric (1541–1820 and then again since 1977). The city has a historic center. Because of the many churches within its city walls, Trnava has often been called "Little Rome" (Slovak: Malý Rím, Latin: parva Roma), or more recently, the "Slovak Rome".
Luma (plant)
Luma is a genus of flowering plants in the myrtle family Myrtaceae, described as a genus in 1853. It is native to the Valdivian temperate rain forests of Chile and Argentina.

They are shrubs or small trees with evergreen foliage and smooth red or orange bark, typically reaching 10–20 m (33–66 ft) tall and up to 1 m (3 ft) in trunk diameter. The leaves are opposite, oval, 1–5 cm (0.4–2.0 in) long and 0.5–3 cm (0.2–1.2 in) broad, entire, glossy dark green, with a spicy scent if crushed. The flowers are 2 cm (0.8 in) diameter with four white petals and numerous stamens; the fruit is a small purple or black berry 1 cm (0.4 in) diameter.

The genus name derives from the Mapuche (Native American) name for a related species, Amomyrtus luma. Though it grows slowly, luma wood is very dense and durable.

Valdivian temperate forests
The Valdivian temperate forests (NT0404) is an ecoregion on the west coast of southern South America, in Chile and Argentina. It is part of the Neotropical realm. The forests are named after the city of Valdivia. The Valdivian temperate rainforests are characterized by their dense understories of bamboos, ferns, and for being mostly dominated by evergreen angiosperm trees with some deciduous specimens, though conifer trees are also common.