hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wolvengat
Wolvengat, also known as Viljoenshof, is a village in the southern Overberg region, in the Western Cape province of South Africa. It is situated 10 kilometres (6 mi) south of Elim and 35 kilometres (22 mi) southwest of Bredasdorp. It was originally named Wolfgat or Wolvengat in reference to the brown hyena, known as strandwolf in Afrikaans. However, when the local post office was established the authorities named it Viljoenshof in honour of DJ Viljoen, the Dutch Reformed (NGK) minister of Bredasdorp from 1904 to 1934; this name was then extended to the village. The original name Wolvengat was officially restored in 1991.

In the early 1900s the village had a school with 100 children, but by the early 21st century there was neither a church nor a school. The fertile soil, and the potential of using land for vineyards, explains the high property prices.

Elim, Western Cape
Elim is a village on the Agulhas Plain in the Western Cape of South Africa. It was established in August 1824 by German missionaries as a Moravian mission station. When selecting the location, the missionaries placed a high priority on the proximity of water and on terrain that was suitable for planting vines so that wine for communion could be produced.  As well as preaching the Gospel, the missionaries taught the villagers a variety of trades and skills. Elim's thatchers continue to be renowned for their craftsmanship.

The village is picturesque and has changed little over the years. It is filled with whitewashed cottages, fruit trees and fynbos. All the roads in the village lead to the thatch-roofed church. The community, still mainly Moravian, consists of farmers, farm workers and artisans.

Elim is becoming known for the export of fynbos, and as an emerging area in the production of wine.
Scandelion Castle
The Scandelion Castle was built by the Crusaders in what is today South Lebanon in 1116, during the reign of Baldwin I of Jerusalem. Other sources indicate that they took the town known in medieval Arabic as Iskandarouna (Iskandaruna), called by the Crusaders Scandelion or Scandalion / Scandalium, in 1124. It became a strategic high ground, used to defend Tyre. The site is today at the Lebanese village of Shamaa.

Tyre, Lebanon
Tyre is a city in Lebanon, and one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. It was one of the earliest Phoenician metropolises and the legendary birthplace of Europa, her brothers Cadmus and Phoenix, and Carthage's founder Dido (Elissa). The city has many ancient sites, including the Tyre Hippodrome, and was added as a whole to the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in 1984. The historian Ernest Renan described it as "a city of ruins, built out of ruins".

Tyre is the fifth-largest city in Lebanon after Beirut, Tripoli, Sidon, and Baalbek. It is the capital of the Tyre District in the South Governorate. There were approximately 200,000 inhabitants in the Tyre urban area in 2016, including many refugees, as the city hosts three of the twelve Palestinian refugee camps in Lebanon: Burj El Shimali, El Buss, and Rashidieh.
Jerusalem: The Three Roads to the Holy Land
Jerusalem: The Three Roads to the Holy Land is a 2002 historical adventure game. The game was developed by Arxel Tribe and Réunion des Musées Nationaux, and published by Cryo Interactive. It is a sequel to the game Pompei: The Legend of Vesuvius.

Cryo Interactive
Cryo Interactive Entertainment was a French video game development and publishing company founded in 1990, but existing unofficially since 1989 as a developer group under the name Cryo. The company gained recognition for its adventure games, such as the commercially successful titles Dune, Dragon Lore and Atlantis: The Lost Tales, along with the  racing series MegaRace.
William C. Mayville Jr.
William Charles Mayville Jr. is a retired United States Army lieutenant general who served as Deputy Commander, United States Cyber Command. After his military retirement, Mayville joined Korn Ferry consulting firm.

Korn Ferry
Korn Ferry is a management consulting firm headquartered in Los Angeles, California. It was founded in 1969 and as of 2019, operates in 111 offices in 53 countries and employs 8,198 people worldwide. Korn Ferry operates through four business segments: Consulting, Digital, Executive Search, Recruitment Process Outsourcing and Professional Search.
Charles Burt (politician)
Sir Charles Burt (15 July 1832 – 5 March 1913) a solicitor and local politician in Richmond, Surrey. He was elected to the first Surrey County Council in 1889 and was Mayor of Richmond in 1892–93. He campaigned for the preservation of several important local open spaces, assisting in the purchase of Marble Hill House and in protecting the view from Richmond Hill.

Marble Hill House
Marble Hill House is a  Neo-Palladian villa, now Grade I listed, in Twickenham in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames. It was built between 1724 and 1729 as the home of Henrietta Howard, Countess of Suffolk, who lived there until her death. The compact design soon became famous and furnished a standard model for the Georgian English villa and for plantation houses in the American colonies.

The estate and house came under ownership of the London County Council and was open to the public in 1903. It was the first eighteenth-century house in England to be preserved by a public body. Restoration by the Greater London Council (GLC) began in 1965 and after the dissolution of the GLC the freehold of the house and estate passed to English Heritage.
Hezekiah Gold Rogers
Hezekiah Gold Rogers (February 22, 1811 – March 19, 1882) was the United States chargé d'affaires in Sardinia from 1840 to 1841.

Rogers, the eldest child of the Hon. Edward Rogers, member of the United States House of Representatives from New York, and of Sally Maria (Gold) Rogers, was born in Madison, New York, February 22, 1811.  He graduated from Yale College in 1831.  He studied law and began practice in Pittsburgh, and in 1837 was one of the delegates from Alleghany County to the convention for the revision of the Pennsylvania Constitution.  In June 1840, he was appointed chargé d'affaires to the Kingdom of Sardinia by President Martin Van Buren, but showing symptoms of mental derangement he was superseded in November 1841, and returned to his father's house. During his later life he was a wanderer.  He died in the county alms-house in Lancaster, Pennsylvania on March 19, 1882, aged 71. He was unmarried.

Allegheny County, Pennsylvania
Allegheny County (/ˌælɪˈɡeɪni/ AL-ig-AY-nee) is a county in Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 1,250,578, making it the state's second-most populous county, after Philadelphia County. Its county seat and most populous city is Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania's second most populous city. The county is part of the Greater Pittsburgh region of the commonwealth, and is the center of the Pittsburgh media market.

Allegheny was the first county in Pennsylvania to be given a Native American name. It was named after the Lenape word for the Allegheny River. The meaning of "Allegheny" is uncertain. It is usually said to mean "fine river". Some historians state that the name may come from a Lenape account of an ancient mythical tribe called "Allegewi" who lived along the river before being taken over by the Lenape.
Harrowing the Dragon
Harrowing the Dragon is a collection of fantasy short stories by Patricia A. McKillip. It was first published in hardcover and ebook by Ace Books in November 2005, and in trade paperback by the same publisher in November 2006. The first British edition was issued in ebook by Gateway/Orion on December 17, 2015.

Patricia A. McKillip
Patricia Anne McKillip (February 29, 1948 – May 6, 2022) was an American author of fantasy and science fiction. She wrote predominantly standalone fantasy novels and has been called "one of the most accomplished prose stylists in the fantasy genre". Her work won many awards, including the World Fantasy Award for Lifetime Achievement in 2008.
Aortocaval compression syndrome
Aortocaval compression syndrome, also known as supine hypotensive syndrome, is compression of the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava by the gravid uterus when a pregnant woman lies on her back, i.e. in the supine position. It is a frequent cause of low maternal blood pressure (hypotension), which can result in loss of consciousness and in extreme circumstances fetal demise.

Fetus
A fetus or foetus (/ˈfiːtəs/; pl.: fetuses, foetuses, rarely feti or foeti) is the unborn offspring of a viviparous animal that develops from an embryo. Following the embryonic stage, the fetal stage of development takes place. Prenatal development is a continuum, with no clear defining feature distinguishing an embryo from a fetus. However, in general a fetus is characterized by the presence of all the major body organs, though they will not yet be fully developed and functional, and some may not yet be situated in their final anatomical location.

In human prenatal development, fetal development begins from the ninth week after fertilization (which is the eleventh week of gestational age) and continues until the birth of a newborn.
Swords Castle
Swords Castle is an early medieval castle located in Swords, County Dublin. Originally built for the Archbishops of Dublin in the early 13th century near the Ward River, some of the castle estate had fallen into disrepair by the 14th and 15th centuries. At least partially occupied through the 16th and 17th centuries, the castle was used as a place of rendezvous by Anglo-Irish Catholic families during the 1641 Rebellion. The site was afforded protection as a national monument and placed under the guardianship of the Office of Public Works in the early 20th century. As of the late 20th and early 21st century, the site was subject to a program of "long-term phased restoration", and is partially opened for tours. The site is listed on Fingal County Council's Record of Protected Structures.

National monument (Ireland)
A national monument (Irish: séadchomhartha náisiúnta) in Ireland is a structure or site, the preservation of which has been deemed to be of national importance and therefore worthy of state protection. If the land adjoining the monument is essential to protect it, this land may also be protected.

Equivalent monuments in Northern Ireland are listed within the Northern Ireland Sites and Monuments Record and are either in state care or included within the list of scheduled monuments. They are under the protection of the Department for Communities.
1955 Andhra State Legislative Assembly election
Elections to the Andhra State Legislative Assembly were held on 11 February 1955. 581 candidates contested for the 167 constituencies in the Assembly. There were 29 two-member constituencies and 138 single-member constituencies. The members of the first assembly (1955–62) were allowed a seven-year term. That is to say, in 1957, elections were conducted in the newly added region of Telangana alone, and then in 1962, general elections were held for the state as a whole.

Legislative assembly
Legislative assembly is the name given in some countries to either a legislature, or to one of its houses.

The name is used by a number of countries, including member-states of the Commonwealth of Nations and other countries.  It is also used by their sub-national divisions, such as the Indian states and union territories, Australian states and Canadian provinces.
Fira (Barcelona Metro)
Fira, originally known as Fira 2 – Pedrosa, is a Barcelona Metro station serving Fira de Barcelona's Fira Gran Via major trade fair venue and the Pedrosa industrial park, in the L'Hospitalet de Llobregat municipality, to the south-west of Barcelona. It is situated underneath Avinguda Joan Carles I, at the intersection with Pedrosa and Botànica streets. It has a direct access to Fira Gran Via's main entrance. The station was designed by Japanese architect Toyo Ito.

The station opened for passenger service on 12 February 2016, when the 20-kilometre-long (12 mi), 15-station portion belonging to Barcelona Metro line 9 between Barcelona–El Prat Airport and Zona Universitària station in western Barcelona started operating. Designated L9 Sud ("L9 South"), the new Barcelona Metro line 9 section offers a regular service frequency of 7 minutes in each direction, though additional partial services may be added if necessary.

Industrial park
An industrial park, also known as industrial estate or trading estate, is an area zoned and planned for the purpose of industrial development. An industrial park can be thought of as a more heavyweight version of a business park or office park, which has offices and light industry, rather than heavy industry.
Uranium mining in Wyoming
Uranium mining in Wyoming was formerly a much larger industry than it is today.  Wyoming once had many operating uranium mines, and still has the largest known uranium ore reserves of any state in the U.S. At the end of 2008, the state had estimated reserves dependent on price: 539 million pounds of uranium oxide at $50 per pound, and 1,227 million pounds at $100 per pound.

Wyoming has produced a total of 84,000 tonnes of uranium, and from 1995 until 2015, actually led the nation in production.  Total reserves as of 2015 still amounts to 141,000 tonnes at 0.065 percent grade.  However, since the early 1990s, this production has been by the in situ leach method.

The Wyoming uranium mining industry was hard-hit in the 1980s by the drop in the price of uranium.  When the uranium price dropped, the uranium-mining boom town of Jeffrey City lost 95% of its population in three years.

Wind River Formation
The Wind River Formation is a geologic formation in Wyoming in the Wind River Basin. It preserves fossils dating back to the Paleogene period. A recent study by Stanford suggests that fracking has contaminated the entire ground water resource in the basin.
Linux Users' Group of Davis
Linux Users' Group of Davis (commonly known as LUGOD) is a users' group of students and faculty from the University of California, Davis, Information technology professionals from the Sacramento region, and hobbyists interested in Linux and free and open-source software. It holds regular meetings in Davis, California, and holds installfests on a regular basis. Its members participate with each other online in numerous mailing lists and via Internet Relay Chat.

IRC
IRC (Internet Relay Chat) is a text-based chat system for instant messaging. IRC is designed for group communication in discussion forums, called channels, but also allows one-on-one communication via private messages as well as chat and data transfer, including file sharing.

Internet Relay Chat is implemented as an application layer protocol to facilitate communication in the form of text. The chat process works on a client–server networking model. Users connect, using a client—which may be a web app, a standalone desktop program, or embedded into part of a larger program—to an IRC server, which may be part of a larger IRC network. Examples of ways used to connect include the programs Mibbit, KiwiIRC, and mIRC.

IRC usage has been declining steadily since 2003, losing 60 percent of its users by 2012. In April 2011, the top 100 IRC networks served more than 200,000 users at a time.
David Dolidze
David Egorovich Dolidze (Georgian: დავით დოლიძე, Russian: Давид Егорович Долидзе) (2 February [O.S. 20 January] 1908 – 1960) was a Georgian and Soviet mathematician, known from his work in the mathematical theory of fluid motion. In particular he rediscovered an important uniqueness theorem for the classical solutions to the Navier–Stokes equations for an incompressible fluid, previously proved by Emanuele Foà.

Incompressible flow
In fluid mechanics, or more generally continuum mechanics, incompressible flow is a flow in which the material density does not vary over time. Equivalently, the divergence of an incompressible flow velocity is zero. Under certain conditions, the flow of compressible fluids can be modelled as incompressible flow to a good approximation.
Jan Ceulemans
Jan Anna Gumaar Ceulemans (Flemish pronunciation: [ˈjɑŋ ˈkøːləmɑns]; born 28 February 1957) is a Belgian former professional footballer who played as forward. A prolific goalscorer, Ceulemans was known for his stamina, aerial ability, technique and was also recognized as one of the greatest Belgium footballers of all time. He was also known for his power, imposing frame and natural authority.

Ceulemans was also a regular member of the Belgium national football team, with 96 international appearances, a record that stood for 26 years until it was surpassed by Jan Vertonghen's 97th appearance for Belgium on 10 October 2017; Ceulemans is now the ninth most-capped for Belgium. He still holds the record for most appearances in the Belgian Pro League with 517. Most of his time with Belgium took place under the guidance of Guy Thys. This period saw the Belgium squad record some of their finest results, which include reaching the final of Euro 80 and fourth place at the 1986 FIFA World Cup.

Belgian Cup
The Belgian Cup (French: Coupe de Belgique; Dutch: Beker van België; German: Belgischer Fußballpokal) is the main knockout football competition in Belgium, run by the Royal Belgian FA. The competition started in 1908 with provincial selections as the "Belgian Provinces Cup". Starting from 1912 only actual clubs were allowed to partake. As of 1964, the Belgian Cup has been organised annually. Since the 2015–16 edition, the Belgian Cup is called the Croky Cup, for sponsorship purposes. The final traditionally takes place at the Heysel Stadium in Brussels.

The most successful cup club is Club Brugge with 12 Belgian Cups in their possession. The current champions are Club Brugge, having beaten rivals Anderlecht 2–1 in the 2025 final. The winners are awarded a challenge cup and qualify for the UEFA Europa League and the Belgian Supercup.
Kenmore (Fredericksburg, Virginia)
Kenmore, also known as Kenmore Plantation, is a plantation house at 1201 Washington Avenue in Fredericksburg, Virginia.  Built in the 1770s, it was the home of Fielding and Elizabeth Washington Lewis and is the only surviving structure from the 1,300-acre (530 ha) Kenmore plantation.

The house is architecturally notable for the remarkable decorative plaster work on the ceilings of many rooms on the first floor. In 1970 the property was declared a National Historic Landmark.

Kenmore is owned and operated as a house museum by The George Washington Foundation (formerly George Washington's Fredericksburg Foundation), and is open daily for guided tours.  The Foundation also owns nearby Ferry Farm, where George Washington lived as a child.

Plantation house
A plantation house is the main house of a plantation, often a substantial farmhouse, which often serves as a symbol for the plantation as a whole. Plantation houses in the Southern United States and in other areas are known as quite grand and expensive architectural works today, though most were more utilitarian, working farmhouses.
Nalayak
Nalayak (transl. Unworthy) is a 1978 Hindi-language action film, produced by Jagdish C. Sharma on Veena Films banner and directed by Padmanabh. Starring Jeetendra, Leena Chandavarkar and music composed by Kalyanji Anandji.

Leena Chandavarkar
Leena Chandavarkar (born 29 August 1950) is an Indian actress who appeared in Hindi films as a leading actress and now appears in reality shows. She was active during the late 1960s and early 1970s. She played the leading heroine opposite almost all the notable Hindi film actors of that era and was frequently paired with Rajesh Khanna, Dharmendra, Jeetendra, Sanjeev Kumar, Vinod Khanna, Shammi Kapoor, Dilip Kumar, Sunil Dutt, and Raaj Kumar.
2016–17 Southern Illinois Salukis men's basketball team
The 2016–17 Southern Illinois Salukis men's basketball team represented Southern Illinois University Carbondale during the 2016–17 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Salukis, led by fifth-year head coach Barry Hinson, played their home games at the SIU Arena in Carbondale, Illinois as members of the Missouri Valley Conference. They finished the season 17–16, 9–9 in MVC play to finish in a tie for third place. In the MVC tournament, they defeated Loyola–Chicago in the quarterfinals before losing to Illinois State in the semifinals.

2017 Missouri Valley Conference men's basketball tournament
The 2017 Missouri Valley Conference men's basketball tournament, popularly referred to as "Arch Madness", was the postseason men's basketball tournament that completed the 2016–17 season in the Missouri Valley Conference. The tournament was held at the Scottrade Center, now known as Enterprise Center, in St. Louis, Missouri from March 2–5, 2017. Wichita State defeated Illinois State in the championship game and earned the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament.

This was the last MVC tournament for Wichita State, as it would leave its conference home of nearly 70 years to join the American Athletic Conference in July 2017.
One Police Plaza (film)
One Police Plaza is a 1986 Canadian-American television film directed by Jerry Jameson. The musical score was composed by Mark Snow. The film starring Robert Conrad, George Dzundza, James Olson, Jamey Sheridan, Larry Riley, Lisa Banes and Joe Grifasi in the lead roles.

Mark Snow
Mark Snow (born Martin Fulterman; August 26, 1946 – July 4, 2025) was an American composer for film and television. He was perhaps best known for composing the theme for The X-Files, and would compose for the show's initial nine-season run from 1993 to 2001. He would return for the show's revival from 2015 to 2018. Additionally, he composed the score for the two feature films and the short-lived spinoff series The Lone Gunmen.

In addition to The X-Files, Snow would serve as composer for shows including Smallville, Blue Bloods, Ghost Whisperer, Hart to Hart, Millennium, One Tree Hill, the 2002 revival of The Twilight Zone and Starsky & Hutch.
Isaac Ward
Isaac "Argy" Ward (born 7 April 1977) is an English amateur featherweight and professional super bantamweight boxer.

Ward was born in Darlington. As an amateur, he was runner-up for the 2000 Amateur Boxing Association of England (ABAE) featherweight title, against David Mullholland (Salisbury ABC), boxing out of Darlington ABC, and as a professional won the Commonwealth super bantamweight title.  He was a challenger for the British Boxing Board of Control (BBBofC) British bantamweight title, against Martin Power.

Amateur
An amateur (from French 'one who loves') is generally considered a person who pursues an avocation independent from their source of income. Amateurs and their pursuits are also described as popular, informal, self-taught, user-generated, DIY, and hobbyist.
Bothamley
Bothamley is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Grafton Bothamley (1880–1956), Clerk of the New Zealand House of Representatives

Hilton Bothamley (died 1919), Archdeacon of Bath, England

Hilton Bothamley
The Ven. Hilton Bothamley (26 August 1837 –  1 July 1919) was an English Anglican clergyman who was Archdeacon of Bath from 1895 to 1909.

Bothamley was born in Camberwell, Surrey, to 
Thomas Hilton Bothamley and Elizabeth Sarah, daughter of MP Robert Westley Hall-Dare. He was educated at Harrow and Trinity College, Cambridge. He was ordained in 1861 and began his career with a curacy at St John, Weymouth. He held incumbencies at St Nicholas, Peper Harow and St Stephen Landon Bath. He was a Prebendary of Wells Cathedral from 1892 to  to 1913.

He died in 1919 in Bath.