hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kowsalya S.
Kowsalya Sivasami (born 19 August 2001) is an Indian professional footballer from Tamil Nadu, who plays as a defender for Sethu in the Indian Women's League. Earlier, she has played for Tamil Nadu Football Association Junior Women’ team and the Madurai district team.

Sethu FC
Sethu Football Club is an Indian women's professional football club based in Madurai, Tamil Nadu, that participates in the Indian Women's League, the top flight of Indian women's football. They won their first IWL in 2018–19 season.
CTWM
In Unix computing, CTWM (Claude's Tab Window Manager) is a stacking window manager for the X Window System in the twm family of window managers. CTWM was created in 1992 by Claude Lecommandeur of EPFL from the source code for twm, which he extended to allow for virtual desktops ("workspaces" in CTWM's terminology), an innovative feature at the time for a window manager; his inspiration was vuewm, an early Unix desktop environment. Later additions and modifications have since changed the original twm codebase significantly, providing for a highly customizable user interface. The project is currently (2024) maintained by Matthew Fuller. CTWM has been the default graphical user interface for NetBSD since 2020 (release 9.1), replacing twm.

Stacking window manager
A stacking window manager (also called floating window manager) is a window manager that draws and allows windows to overlap, without using a compositing algorithm. All window managers that allow the overlapping of windows but are not compositing window managers are considered stacking window managers, although it is possible that not all use exactly the same methods. Other window managers that are not considered stacking window managers are those that do not allow the overlapping of windows, which are called tiling window managers.

Stacking window managers allow windows to overlap using clipping to allow applications to write only to the visible parts of the windows they present.

The order in which windows are to be stacked is called their z-order.
Evergreen, Montana
Evergreen is a census-designated place (CDP) in Flathead County, Montana, United States. Its population was 8,149 at the 2020 census, up from 7,616 at the 2010 census, and 6,215 in 2000.

Evergreen is a suburb of Kalispell, the county seat.

Kalispell, Montana
Kalispell (/ˈkæləˌspɛl, ˌkæləˈspɛl/,  Montana Salish: Ql̓ispé, Kutenai language: Kqayaqawakⱡuʔnam) is a city in and the county seat of Flathead County, Montana, United States. The 2020 census put Kalispell's population at 24,558.  The latest estimates put the population at 31,296. Among cities in Montana, it is the 8th largest by area, 7th most populous, and 8th fastest growing from 2010 to 2020. In Montana's northwest region, it is the largest city and the commercial center of the Kalispell Micropolitan Statistical Area. The name Kalispell is a Salish word meaning "flat land above the lake".
Cincinnati College of Mortuary Science
Cincinnati College of Mortuary Science (CCMS) is a private mortuary science college in Cincinnati, Ohio. CCMS is the oldest school of its kind in the United States, tracing its history back to the Clarke School, which organized its first class on March 8, 1882. The school was later called the Cincinnati College of Embalming, arriving at the present name in 1966. CCMS offers associate degrees and bachelor's degrees in mortuary science.

Mortuary science
Mortuary science is the study of deceased bodies through mortuary work.  The term is most often applied to a college curriculum in the United States that prepares a student for a career as a mortician or funeral director.  Many also study embalming to supplement their mortuary science studies.  Some states require funeral directors to be embalmers as well.
The Punisher (1989 film)
The Punisher is a 1989 vigilante-action-thriller film directed by Mark Goldblatt and written by Boaz Yakin, based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name. It stars Dolph Lundgren in the title role, a vigilante who wages war on the Mafia and Yakuza. Louis Gossett Jr., Jeroen Krabbé, and Kim Miyori appear in supporting roles.

The film had a troubled release due to distributor New World International's financial issues. It was released directly to home media in the United States, but grossed $30 million on a $9 million budget from an international theatrical run. The Punisher has since gained a cult following.

Lionsgate Films
Lionsgate Films, previously spelled as Lions Gate and formerly known as Cinépix Film Properties, is a Canadian-American film production and distribution company founded in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, on June 15, 1962. Headquartered in Santa Monica, California, it is owned by Lionsgate Studios since May 14, 2024.

Lionsgate is the second-largest and most successful mini-major film studio in North America. The studio focuses on foreign and independent films and has distributed various commercially successful film franchises, including Saw, The Hunger Games, Rambo, Divergent, The Punisher, John Wick, Madea, Blair Witch, Now You See Me, Hostel, The Expendables, Sinister, The Twilight Saga, Step Up, and Den of Thieves.
Erie–Torresdale station
Erie–Torresdale station is an elevated rapid transit station in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, served by SEPTA Metro L trains. It is located at the intersection of Kensington, Erie, and Torresdale avenues in the Juniata neighborhood of Northeast Philadelphia. The station is also served by SEPTA City Bus routes 3 and 56, both of which are former trolley lines.

SEPTA Metro
SEPTA Metro is an urban rail transit network in and around Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, operated by the Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA). The network includes two rapid transit lines, a light rail system with five branches, a streetcar line, a light rail line with two services, and an interurban/light metro line, totaling 78 miles (126 km) of rail service.

Although some of Philadelphia's transit lines date to the 19th century and the SEPTA agency began operations in 1965, the transit network itself had no formal name until 2024, when it was named "SEPTA Metro" as part of an effort to make the system easier to navigate. The effort replaced each line's name with a single letter, plus a number to denote various service patterns.
Basil Hallam
Basil Hallam Radford (3 April 1888 – 20 August 1916) was an English actor and singer, known for the character of Gilbert the Filbert in The Passing Show. He died in action on the Western Front during World War I.

The Passing Show
The Passing Show was a musical revue in three acts, billed as a "topical extravaganza", with a book and lyrics by Sydney Rosenfeld and music by Ludwig Engländer and various other composers.  It featured spoofs of theatrical productions of the past season.  The show was presented in 1894 by George Lederer at the Casino Theatre. It was one of the first musical revues on Broadway and led the fashion for such productions.  The Casino Theatre produced a revue each summer thereafter for several seasons.

In 1912, Lee and Jacob J. Shubert began an annual series of elaborate Broadway revues using the name The Passing Show of 19XX, designed to compete with the popular Ziegfeld Follies.
S v Shilubane
S v Shilubane, an important case in South African criminal law, was heard and decided in the Transvaal Provincial Division by Shongwe J and Bosielo J on June 20, 2005. The case is significant primarily for its treatment of questions of punishment, advocating the consideration of restorative justice as an alternative to direct imprisonment, urging that presiding officers be innovative and proactive in opting for such alternatives, and recommending that these alternatives be humane and balanced.

Retributive justice, the court found, had failed and was failing to stem the wave of crime in South Africa. It was counter-productive and self-defeating, therefore, to expose first-time offenders to the corrosive and brutalising effect of prison for trifling offences. Such sentences as community service were to be seriously considered where the perpetrator was not such a serious threat to society as for it to be necessary for its protection to imprison him.

Community service
Community service is unpaid work performed by a person or group of people for the benefit and betterment of their community. In many cases, people doing community service are compensated in other ways, such as getting a lunch for free. In many countries, there are programs to incite people to do community service. In some cases, it is possible to replace a criminal justice sanctions with community service; there may also be school or class requirements. Obtaining certain benefits may be linked to doing some form of community service. For all these reasons, it is distinct from volunteering.
Tick–tock model
Tick–tock was a production model adopted in 2007 by chip manufacturer Intel. Under this model, every new process technology was first used to manufacture a die shrink of a proven microarchitecture (tick), followed by a new microarchitecture on the now-proven process (tock). It was replaced by the process–architecture–optimization model, which was announced in 2016 and is like a tick–tock cycle followed by an optimization phase. More generally, tick–tock is an engineering model which refreshes one half of a binary system each release cycle.

Microarchitecture
In electronics, computer science and computer engineering, microarchitecture, also called computer organization and sometimes abbreviated as μarch or uarch, is the way a given instruction set architecture (ISA) is implemented in a particular processor. A given ISA may be implemented with different microarchitectures; implementations may vary due to different goals of a given design or due to shifts in technology.

Computer architecture is the combination of microarchitecture and instruction set architecture.
Oscar Gustave Rejlander
Oscar Gustave Rejlander (19 October 1813 – 18 January 1875) was a Victorian art photographer and an expert in photomontage. His collaboration with Charles Darwin on The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals has assured him a position in the history of behavioural science and psychiatry.

Behavioural sciences
Behavioural science is the branch of science concerned with theorizing on, categorizing, and judging human behaviour. It sits in the interstice between fields such as psychology, cognitive science, neuroscience, behavioral biology, behavioral genetics and social science. While the term can technically be applied to the study of behaviour amongst all living organisms, it is nearly always used with reference to humans as the primary target of investigation (though animals may be studied in some instances, e.g. invasive techniques).
Assault Forces (Ukraine)
The Assault Forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Штурмові війська Збро́йних сил Украї́ни, Shturmovi viysʹka Zbróynykh syl Ukrayíny) is a branch of the Armed Forces of Ukraine dedicated to assault infantry. The branch was established in September 2025 as a specialized branch which reports directly to the Commander-in-Chief. The Assault Forces are separate from the Ukrainian Air Assault Forces in that Assault Forces are rapid-reaction units which specialize in offensive combat, while the Air Assault Forces specialize in both offense and defense. The 225th Separate Assault Regiment became the first unit to be moved from the Ground Forces to the Assault Forces. In addition, a drone unit was planned.

Shock troops
Shock troops, assault troops, or storm troops are special formations created to lead military attacks. They are often better trained and equipped than other military units and are expected to take heavier casualties even in successful operations.

"Shock troop" is a loose translation of the German word Stoßtrupp (literally "thrust squad" or "push squad").  Assault troopers are typically organized for mobility with the intention that they will penetrate enemy defenses and attack into the enemy's vulnerable rear areas.  Any specialized, elite unit formed to fight an engagement via overwhelming assault (usually) would be considered shock troops, as opposed to "special forces" or commando-style units (intended mostly for covert operations). However, both types of units could fight behind enemy lines, by surprise if required.
Lanzadera Campaign
The Lanzadera Campaign was a significant part of the Cuban War of Independence as it was the next operation of the Mambises by Máximo Gómez to distract Spanish troops to him and avoiding their pressure on Antonio Maceo, who was able to continue to the West to complete the Invasion from East to West in Cuba. The campaign was considered to be one of skillful maneuvering, mobility and oversight as Gómez's vastly outnumbered 2,000 Mambises had achieved their goals with negligible losses against the 40,000 Spanish infantry which was commanded by Arsenio Martínez Campos, Sabás Marín and Valeriano Weyler.

Valeriano Weyler
Captain General Valeriano Weyler y Nicolau, 1st Duke of Rubí, 1st Marquess of Tenerife (17 September 1838 – 20 October 1930) was a Spanish Army officer and colonial administrator who served as the Governor-General of the Philippines and the Governor-General of Cuba, and later as the Minister for War. He is infamous for the brutality with which he executed his assignment to suppress an 1897 rebellion in Cuba through a policy of mass-reconcentration, which is estimated to have killed between 170,000 and 400,000 Cubans, significantly influencing United States interests in declaring war on Spain.
Gabriele Rollnik
Gabriele Rollnik (born 1950) is a German former terrorist.

She became a member of the 2 June Movement, which had been named after the date, in 1967, on which the student Benno Ohnesorg was fatally shot by a policeman in West Berlin during a demonstration against a visit by the Shah of Iran.

She was sentenced to a fifteen-year jail term in 1981 and released on 14 September 1992 (pre-conviction detention between 1978 and 1981 being taken into account).

Killing of Benno Ohnesorg
Benno Ohnesorg (German pronunciation: [ˈbɛno ˈʔoːnəzɔɐ̯k]; 15 October 1940 – 2 June 1967) was a West German university student who was fatally shot in the back of the head by policeman Karl-Heinz Kurras during a demonstration in West Berlin. His death spurred the growth of the left-wing West German student movement.
Children's Booker Prize
The Children's Booker Prize was announced by the Booker Prize Foundation in October 2025. Complementing the existing Booker Prize for English-language fiction and the International Booker Prize for works translated into English, it will be awarded annually to recognise the best contemporary fiction for children aged eight to twelve published in the United Kingdom or Ireland, either originally written in English or translated from other languages. The winner will receive £50,000.

Gaby Wood, the foundation's chief executive, said that the prize aimed to be several things at once: "an award that will champion future classics written for children; a social intervention designed to inspire more young people to read; and a seed from which we hope future generations of lifelong readers will grow."

Gaby Wood
Gaby Wood, Hon. FRSL (born 1971), is an English journalist, author and literary critic who has written for publications including The Observer, The Daily Telegraph, London Review of Books, Granta, and Vogue. She is the literary director of the Booker Prize Foundation, appointed in succession to Ion Trewin and having taken over the post at the conclusion of the prize for 2015.
Carter Lake
Carter Lake may refer the following places:

The city of Carter Lake, Iowa and Carter Lake (Iowa–Nebraska) the oxbow lake on the Iowa–Nebraska border for which the city is named

Carter Lake (Colorado), a reservoir near Loveland, Colorado

Carter Lake (Vancouver Island), a lake on British Columbia's Vancouver Island

Carter Lake (Nova Scotia), a lake in Nova Scotia

Carters Lake, a lake in Georgia (U.S. state)

Loveland, Colorado
Loveland is a home rule municipality and the second most populous municipality in Larimer County, Colorado, United States. Loveland is situated 46 miles (74 km) north of the Colorado State Capitol in Denver and is the 14th most populous city in Colorado. As of the 2020 census, the population of Loveland was 76,378. The city forms part of the Fort Collins-Loveland Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Front Range Urban Corridor. The city's public schools are part of the Thompson R2-J School District.
South Montrose, Pennsylvania
South Montrose is an unincorporated community in Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania, United States. The community is located along Pennsylvania Route 29, 2.6 miles (4.2 km) south-southwest of Montrose. South Montrose has a post office with ZIP code 18843.

Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania
Susquehanna County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 38,434 Its county seat is Montrose. The county was created on February 21, 1810, from part of Luzerne County and later organized in 1812. It is named for the Susquehanna River. The county is part of the Northeast Pennsylvania region of the state.
Sergio Mendizábal
Hermenegildo Igarzabal Sánchez, known by his stage name as Sergio Mendizábal (3 July 1920 – 2005), was a Spanish film and television actor. He appeared in over 100 films and television programs, including the films For a Few Dollars More and The Good, the Bad and the Ugly.

He was born in San Sebastián on 3 July 1920. He got a degree in Instituto de Investigaciones y Experiencias Cinematográficas. He made his role debut in Mr. Arkadin, by Orson Welles. Other roles includes El buen amor by Paco Regueiro, or Viridiana (1961) and Tristana (1969) by Luis Buñuel.

Tristana (film)
Tristana is a 1970 drama film co-written, directed and produced by Luis Buñuel, and starring Catherine Deneuve, Fernando Rey, and Franco Nero. The screenplay by Buñuel and Julio Alejandro adapts an 1892 realist novel of the same name by Benito Pérez Galdós. It is a Spanish-French-Italian co-production filmed in Toledo, Buñuel's one-time home, and represents his return to his native country after several years living and working abroad. It earned positive acclaim from critics, and was nominated for Best Foreign-Language Film at the 43rd Academy Awards.
Adrian Shepherd
Adrian Shepherd, MBE (7 April 1939 – 24 July 2013) was a British 'cellist and conductor, and director of the modern-instrument ensemble Cantilena.

Shepherd was born in 1939 in the county of Essex, England, and studied the cello with William Pleeth at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama, For 20 years he was principal cello with the Royal Scottish National Orchestra and professor of cello at the Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama. Shepherd founded the modern instrument ensemble Cantilena in 1970 and remained its artistic director and conductor. He was also a director of the Cantilena Festival on Islay each July.

Royal Scottish National Orchestra
The Royal Scottish National Orchestra (RSNO) (Scottish Gaelic: Orcastra Nàiseanta Rìoghail na h-Alba) is a Scottish orchestra, based in Glasgow. It is one of the five national performing arts companies of Scotland. Throughout its history, the Orchestra has played an important part in Scotland's musical life, including performing at the opening ceremony of the Scottish Parliament building in 2004.

Its music centre and rehearsal studios are directly connected to the Glasgow Royal Concert Hall. The RSNO performs throughout Scotland, at such venues as Glasgow Royal Concert Hall, Usher Hall, Caird Hall, Aberdeen Music Hall, Perth Concert Hall and Eden Court Theatre. Thomas Søndergård is the orchestra's current music director, since 2018.
David Callaham
David Elias Callaham (born October 24, 1977) is an American screenwriter and producer. He is best known for co-writing the screenplays for the films Doom (2005), The Expendables (2010), Zombieland: Double Tap (2019), Wonder Woman 1984 (2020), Mortal Kombat, Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings (both 2021), and Spider-Man: Across the Spider-Verse (2023).

Millennium Media
Millennium Media (formerly Nu Image and Millennium Films) is an American independent film production and financing company that was founded by Avi Lerner, Trevor Short, Danny Dimbort and Danny Lerner in 1992, and is one of Hollywood's longest running independent film companies. Millennium creates, produces, finances, and sells films worldwide. The company produces action films, most of which are filmed primarily in South Africa and Bulgaria (by 2005, it acquired Nu Boyana Film Studios), among other locations.
LRC (file format)
LRC (short for lyrics) is a computer file format that synchronizes song lyrics with an audio file, such as MP3, AAC, or MIDI. It allows for compatible media player software (including digital audio players) to display song lyrics synchronously with a playing song. The lyrics file has the same name as the audio file, just with a different filename extension, and operates as a sidecar file. For example, if a song's main file is song.mp3, its LRC file would be song.lrc. 
The LRC format is text-based and similar in form to subtitle files. It can be manually created and written in a text editor but purpose-made software has been made to ease and automate the creation of lyrics files. Various websites operate providing ready-made LRC files for songs to be downloaded. There also exist software that mass-download LRC files from song lyrics databases, automating the process to the user.

Filename extension
A filename extension, file name extension or file extension is a suffix to the name of a computer file (for example, .txt, .mp3, .exe) that indicates a characteristic of the file contents or its intended use. A filename extension is typically delimited from the rest of the filename with a full stop (period), but in some systems it is separated with spaces.

Some file systems, such as the FAT file system used in DOS, implement filename extensions as a feature of the file system itself and may limit the length and format of the extension, while others, such as Unix file systems, the VFAT file system, and NTFS, treat filename extensions as part of the filename without special distinction.
European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine
The European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine is a quarterly peer-reviewed medical journal. It was established in 1965 as Europa Medicophysica and is published by Edizioni Minerva Medica (Turin, Italy). The editor in chief is S. Negrini. It is an official journal of the Italian Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, European Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Mediterranean Forum of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hellenic Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, and the Turkish Society of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Specialists. The journal is abstracted and indexed by CINAHL, Current Contents/Clinical Medicine, Excerpta Medica, Index Medicus/MEDLINE, and the Science Citation Index Expanded.

MEDLINE
MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, or MEDLARS Online) is a bibliographic database of life sciences and biomedical information. It includes bibliographic information for articles from academic journals covering medicine, nursing, pharmacy, dentistry, veterinary medicine, and health care. MEDLINE also covers much of the literature in biology and biochemistry, as well as fields such as molecular evolution.

Compiled by the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), MEDLINE is freely available on the Internet and searchable via PubMed and NLM's National Center for Biotechnology Information's Entrez system.