hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Neil Everett Stevens
Neil Everett Stevens (April 6, 1887 – June 26, 1949) was an American mycologist and plant pathologist. He served as president of the Botanical Society of Washington (1931), American Phytopathological Society (1934), and Botanical Society of America (1948). His research chiefly concerned fungal diseases of crops such as chestnuts, strawberries, cranberries, currant, and corn. Stevens was born in Portland, Maine, graduated from Bates College in 1908, and earned a PhD. from Yale University in 1911. He was instructor at Kansas State College from 1911 to 1912, then worked at the Bureau of Plant Industry of the U.S. Department of Agriculture from 1912 to 1936. He worked as adjunct professor at George Washington University from 1931 to 1936, then  professor of botany and plant pathology at the University of Illinois from 1936 to 1949.

The standard author abbreviation N.E.Stevens is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.

American Phytopathological Society
The American Phytopathological Society (APS) is an international scientific organization devoted to the study of plant diseases (phytopathology). APS promotes the advancement of modern concepts in the science of plant pathology and in plant health management in agricultural, urban and forest settings.

The Society has nearly 5,000 plant pathologists and scientists worldwide. It is the oldest and largest organization of its type in the world.  It is also a member of the International Society for Plant Pathology.

APS provides information on the latest developments and research advances in plant health science through its journals and its publishing arm, APS Press.

APS advocates and participates in the exchange of plant health information with public policy makers and the larger scientific community, and it provides advice on education and training.
Pewitt High School
Paul Pewitt High School is a public high school in Omaha, Texas, United States. It is part of the Pewitt Consolidated Independent School District and classified as a 3A school by the University Interscholastic League. In 2015, the school was rated "Met Standard" by the Texas Education Agency.

University Interscholastic League
The University Interscholastic League (UIL) is an organization that creates rules for and administers almost all athletic, musical, and academic contests for public primary and secondary schools in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the largest organization of its type in the world.

Activities range from American football and cross-examination debate to mathematics and marching band competitions; however, the UIL does not administer Academic Decathlon competitions.

The UIL is under the governance of the Vice President for Diversity and Community Engagement at the University of Texas at Austin in Austin, Texas. Although the Texas Education Agency governs the activities of schools and school districts in Texas, the UIL does not report to TEA, but is instead a separate entity.
Braided monoidal category
In mathematics, a commutativity constraint   on a monoidal category  is  a choice of isomorphism  for each pair of objects A and B which form a natural family. In particular, to have a commutativity constraint, one must have  for all pairs of objects .

A braided monoidal category is a monoidal category  equipped with a braiding—that is, a commutativity constraint  that satisfies axioms including the hexagon identities defined below. The term braided references the fact that the braid group plays an important role in the theory of braided monoidal categories. Partly for this reason, braided monoidal categories and other topics are related in the theory of knot invariants.

Alternatively, a braided monoidal category can be seen as a tricategory with one 0-cell and one 1-cell.

Braided monoidal categories were introduced by André Joyal and Ross Street in a 1986 preprint.   A modified version of this paper was published in 1993.

3-category
In mathematics, especially in category theory, a 3-category is a 2-category together with 3-morphisms. It comes in at least three flavors

a strict 3-category,

a semi-strict 3-category also called a Gray category,

a weak 3-category.

The coherence theorem of Gordon–Power–Street says a weak 3-category is equivalent (in some sense) to a Gray category.
Paul Kruse
Paul Johannes Kruse (born March 15, 1970) is a Canadian former ice hockey left wing. He played in the National Hockey League. with the Calgary Flames, New York Islanders, Buffalo Sabres, and San Jose Sharks between 1991 and 2001. He was drafted in the fourth round, 83rd overall, by the Calgary Flames in the 1990 NHL Entry Draft.

1990 NHL entry draft
The 1990 NHL entry draft was the 28th NHL entry draft. It was hosted by the Vancouver Canucks at BC Place in Vancouver, British Columbia, on June 16, 1990. It is remembered as one of the deeper drafts in NHL history, with fourteen of the twenty-one first round picks going on to careers of at least 500 NHL games.

Nine of the twenty-one players drafted in the first round played 1,000 NHL games in their career.

The last active player in the NHL from this draft class was Jaromir Jagr, who played his last NHL game in the 2017–18 season. As of 2025, Jagr is still an active player with Rytiri Kladno of the ELH.
Bałtów, Lublin Voivodeship
Bałtów [ˈbau̯tuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Żyrzyn, within Puławy County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland, approximately 5 km (3 mi) west of Żyrzyn, 11 km (7 mi) northeast of Puławy and 47 km (29 mi) northwest of the regional capital Lublin.

Puławy County
Puławy County (Polish: powiat puławski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lublin Voivodeship, eastern Poland. It was first established in 1867, but its current borders were established on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Puławy, which lies 46 kilometres (29 mi) north-west of the regional capital Lublin. The county also contains the towns of Nałęczów, lying 23 km (14 mi) south-east of Puławy, and Kazimierz Dolny, 11 km (7 mi) south of Puławy.

The county covers an area of 933 square kilometres (360.2 sq mi). In 2019, its total population was 113,441, including 47,634 in Puławy, 3,749 in Nałęczów, 2,563 in Kazimierz Dolny and a rural population of 59,495.
Bargeddie
Bargeddie (/bɑːrˈɡɛdi/; Scottish Gaelic: Bàrr Geadaidh) is a village in North Lanarkshire, Scotland, just inside the suburban fringe of Glasgow, 8 miles (13 km) east of the city centre, and close to the junction of the M73 and M8 motorways. The nearest major town is Coatbridge, two miles (three kilometres) to the east.

M8 motorway (Scotland)
The M8 is the busiest motorway in Scotland. It connects the country's two largest cities, Glasgow and Edinburgh, and serves other large communities including Airdrie, Coatbridge, Greenock, Livingston and Paisley. The motorway is 60 miles (97 km) long. A major construction project to build the final section between Newhouse and Baillieston was completed on 30 April 2017.  The motorway has one service station, Heart of Scotland Services, previously named Harthill due to its proximity to the village.
Parallels (band)
Parallels is a Canadian synthpop band from Toronto, Canada led by Holly Dodson (vocalist, composer, producer). Dodson's vocals have been compared to Kate Bush and True Blue-era Madonna. In Flare Magazine's 30th anniversary issue, Dodson was featured as one of the "Hottest names to know in Canadian Music".

Proximity (2020 film)
Proximity is a 2020 American science fiction drama film written and directed by Eric Demeusy in his directorial debut. The film stars Ryan Masson, Highdee Kuan, Christian Prentice, and Shaw Jones. Proximity was released on demand on May 15, 2020, and received poor reviews from critics.
Chandrapaul Hemraj
Chandrapaul Hemraj (born 3 September 1993) is a Guyanese cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Guyana in the 2011–12 Regional Four Day Competition on 16 March 2012. He made his List A debut for Guyana in the 2017–18 Regional Super50 on 31 January 2018. He made his Twenty20 debut for St Lucia Stars in the 2018 Caribbean Premier League on 16 August 2018.

In October 2018, he was named in the West Indies' One Day International (ODI) squad for series against India. He made his ODI debut for the West Indies against India on 21 October 2018.

In October 2019, he was named in Guyana's squad for the 2019–20 Regional Super50 tournament. In July 2020, he was named in the Guyana Amazon Warriors squad for the 2020 Caribbean Premier League. In June 2021, he was selected to take part in the Minor League Cricket tournament in the United States following the players' draft.

Guyana national cricket team
The Guyana national cricket team is the representative first class cricket team of Guyana. The side does not take part in any international competitions, but rather in inter-regional competitions in the Caribbean, such as the Regional Four Day Competition and the Regional Super50), and the best players may be selected for the West Indies team, which plays international cricket and is the only team in the Americas with Test status. Guyana has participated in the South American Cricket Championship for some editions, but were represented by an overage "masters" team. The team competes under the franchise name Guyana Harpy Eagles.

Prominent cricketers who have played for Guyana include Devendra Bishoo, Basil Butcher, Shivnarine Chanderpaul, Colin Croft, Roy Fredericks, Lance Gibbs, Roger Harper, Carl Hooper, Leon Johnson, Alvin Kallicharran, Rohan Kanhai, Clive Lloyd, Veerasammy Permaul and Ramnaresh Sarwan.
War Chamber (2023)
War Chamber (2023) was a professional wrestling supercard event produced by Major League Wrestling (MLW), which took place on April 6, 2023, at the Melrose Ballroom in Queens, New York. It was the third event under the War Chamber chronology, and featured the opening of the 2023 Opera Cup.

The event was a television taping for MLW Underground Wrestling, with the main event airing as a special episode on April 18, 2023.

Card (sports)
In sports, a card lists the matches taking place in a title match combat-sport event. Cards include a main event match and the undercard listing the rest of the matches. The undercard may be divided into a midcard and a lower card, according to the perceived importance of the matches.  Promoters schedule matches to occur in ascending order of importance.
Martin Jay
Martin Evan Jay (born May 4, 1944) is an American intellectual historian whose research interests connect history with Frankfurt School critical theory, social theory, cultural criticism, visual culture, and historiography.

He is the Sidney Hellman Ehrman Professor of History Emeritus at UC Berkeley, where he taught for 45 years, co-founded (with Judith Butler) the Designated Emphasis in Critical Theory (2007–2016). He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1996) and American Philosophical Society (2019), received the American Historical Association’s Award for Scholarly Distinction (2018) and was awarded an Honorary Doctorate from Bard College (2018).

Conferences on his work were held at the University of Wrocław (2010), the University of California, Berkeley (2016), Ritsumeikan University, Kyoto (2018), Queen Mary College, London (2018), and the University of Pennsylvania (2024). A Festschrift, The Modernist Imagination, was published in 2009.

Ritsumeikan University
Ritsumeikan University (Japanese: 立命館大学, Hepburn: Ritsumeikan Daigaku; abbreviated to Rits and 立命 Ritsumei) is a private university in Kyoto, Japan, that traces its origin to 1869. In addition to its main campus in Kyoto, the university also has satellite campuses in Ibaraki, Osaka and Kusatsu, Shiga.

Today, Ritsumeikan University is known as one of Western Japan's most prestigious universities, part of the "Kan-Kan-Do-Rits" (関関同立: Kwansei Gakuin University, Kansai University, Doshisha University, and Ritsumeikan University) abbreviation that refers to the four leading private universities in the Keihanshin region.

Ritsumeikan University is known for its Social Sciences, particularly International Relations (IR), as well as its Science & Engineering departments, with the Graduate School of International Relations being the only Japanese member of the Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs.
Byram Hills High School
Byram Hills High School is a four-year co-educational public secondary school located in Armonk, New York, United States. It is the only secondary school in the Byram Hills Central School District, and serves students from the towns of North Castle, Bedford, Mount Pleasant, and New Castle. The school has over 700 students in grades 9–12.

Mount Pleasant, New York
Mount Pleasant is a town in Westchester County, New York, United States, in the New York metropolitan area. As of the 2020 census, the town population was 44,436. The hamlets of Valhalla, Hawthorne, Pocantico Hills, and Thornwood, and the villages of Pleasantville, Sleepy Hollow, and a small portion of Briarcliff Manor lie within the town.
Race of Champions (Brands Hatch)
The Race of Champions was a non-championship Formula One motor race held at the Brands Hatch circuit in Kent, United Kingdom between 1965 and 1979, and again in 1983. It often attracted high quality entries from the Formula One World Championship. The first race was won by Mike Spence. The last running of the event was the last non-championship Formula One race (excluding the Formula One Indoor Trophy sprint event) and was won by reigning World Champion Keke Rosberg in a Williams-Cosworth after a tight battle with F1 rookie, American driver Danny Sullivan in a Tyrrell-Cosworth.

Tyrrell Racing
The Tyrrell Racing Organisation was an auto racing team and Formula One constructor founded by Ken Tyrrell (1924–2001) which started racing in 1958 and started building its own cars in 1970. The team experienced its greatest success in the early 1970s, when it won three Drivers' Championships and one Constructors' Championship with Jackie Stewart. The team never reached such heights again, although it continued to win races through the 1970s and into the early 1980s, taking the final win for the Ford Cosworth DFV engine at the 1983 Detroit Grand Prix. The team was bought by British American Tobacco in 1997 and completed its final season as Tyrrell in the 1998 Formula One season. Tyrrell's legacy continues as the Mercedes-AMG F1 team, who is Tyrrell's descendant through various sales and rebrandings via BAR, Honda, and Brawn GP.
2014 Japanese general election
General elections were held in Japan on 14 December 2014. Voting took place in all Representatives constituencies of Japan including proportional blocks to elect the members of the House of Representatives, the lower house of the National Diet of Japan. As the cabinet resigns in the first post-election Diet session after a general House of Representatives election (Constitution, Article 70), the lower house election also led to a new election of the prime minister in the Diet, won by incumbent Shinzō Abe, and the appointment of a new cabinet (with some ministers re-appointed). The voter turnout in this election remains the lowest in Japanese history.

Cabinet of Japan
The Cabinet of Japan (内閣, Naikaku; Japanese pronunciation: [naꜜi.ka.kɯ]) is the chief executive body of the government of Japan. It consists of the prime minister, who is appointed by the Emperor after being nominated by the National Diet, in addition to up to seventeen other members, called ministers of state. The current cabinet, the Second Takaichi cabinet, was formed on 18 February 2026 and is led by Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi. The country has had a Liberal Democratic Party-led majority government since 2026.

The prime minister is nominated by the National Diet, while the remaining ministers are appointed and dismissed by the prime minister. The Cabinet is collectively responsible to the National Diet and must resign if a motion of no confidence is adopted by the National Diet.
Tash-e Olya
Tash-e Olya (Persian: تاش عليا, also Romanized as Tāsh-e ‘Olyā; also known as Tāsh and Tāsh-e Bālā) is a village in Kharqan Rural District, Bastam District, Shahrud County, Semnan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 138, in 40 families.

Semnan province
Semnan province (Persian: استان سمنان) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. It is in the north of the country. Its capital is the city of Semnan.

The province of Semnan covers an area of 96,816 square kilometers and stretches along the Alborz mountain range, bordering on Kavir desert in its southern parts. The province was made part of Region 1 on 22 June 2014, as the provinces were grouped into 5 regions for coordination and development purposes.
Supa Nate
Nathaniel Elder, better known by his stage name Supa Nate, was one of the rappers in the hip-hop group Konkrete and a member of Dungeon Family. He grew up in Atlanta, where he attended Banneker High School. He made his debut in 1998 on "Nathaniel" on Outkast's Aquemini, in which he delivered an original rap, sans back beat, from a jail telephone. The lyrics reference his wish to get out of jail so he can "grab a mic and bust a flow". After his release, Nate joined with rappers C-Bone and James "Lil' Brotha" Patton to form Konkrete.

Cynt The Shrimp split from Konkrete's Nathaniel "Supa Nate" Elder in December 2006. Cynthia, Cynt The Shrimp, was featured on Big Boi's Got Purp? Vol. 2, "Purple Ribbon (Interlude)".

Nathaniel lost his battle with cancer on January 25, 2023.

Purple Ribbon Records
Purple Ribbon Records is a record label owned by Outkast and distributed through Virgin Records. It was formed in 2000 (2000) as Aquemini Records, named after OutKast's 1998 album of the same name. It is run solely by Big Boi. It is credited with launching the career of Janelle Monáe.
Allan Frost
Allan Russell Frost (born 2 December 1942) is a former cricketer who played first-class cricket for South Australia from 1965 to 1968.

A fast bowler, Frost took a wicket with the first ball of the innings in his first first-class match when he had MCC’s Geoffrey Boycott caught by Ian Chappell on Christmas Eve 1965. He had his best season in 1966–67, when he took 33 wickets at an average of 23.69 in the Sheffield Shield. He toured New Zealand with the Australian team at the end of the season. He played in two of the four matches against New Zealand, taking six wickets, all of top-order batsmen.

His best first-class bowling figures were 5 for 28 against Wellington in February 1967. His best figures in the Sheffield Shield were 5 for 51 in the first innings against Queensland a month earlier, when he also took 4 for 22 in the second innings.

His career was curtailed by his refusal on religious grounds to play cricket on Sundays.

Wellington cricket team
The Wellington Firebirds are one of six New Zealand men's first-class cricket teams that make up New Zealand Cricket.
It is based in Wellington. It competes in the Plunket Shield first class (4-day) competition, The Ford Trophy domestic one day competition and the Men's Super Smash Twenty20 competition.

The Wellington Cricket Association was formed in 1875. It is New Zealand's oldest cricket association.
Galileo Violini
Galileo Violini is a theoretical physicist and the director emeritus of the Centro Internacional de Física in Bogotá, Colombia. He is the recipient of the 2024 Joseph A. Burton Forum Award "for establishing programs in physics education and research in Latin America and the Caribbean that increased regional scientific capacity, for promoting international scientific cooperation across continents and regions of the world, and for creating the Centro Internacional de Física in Colombia."

His main area of interests are science education, science diplomacy, and synchrotron science. He is participating in the project to bring a synchrotron light source to the Greater Caribbean.

Science education
Science education is the teaching and learning of science to school children, college students, or adults within the general public. The field of science education includes work in science content, science process (the scientific method), some social science, and some teaching pedagogy. The standards for science education provide expectations for the development of understanding for students through the entire course of their K-12 education and beyond. The traditional subjects included in the standards are physical, life, earth, space, and human sciences.
Central City, Alabama
Central City, also known as Eta, is an unincorporated community in Coffee County, Alabama, United States. Central City is located along Alabama State Route 27, 5.2 miles (8.4 km) south-southwest of Enterprise.

Alabama State Route 27
State Route 27 (SR 27) is a 74.285-mile-long (119.550 km) state highway in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Alabama. The southern terminus of the highway is at the Florida state line, where the route serves as a continuation of County Road 185 (CR 185). The northern terminus of the highway is at the intersection with U.S. Route 431 (US 431), at Abbeville.
The Baroque Beatles Book
The Baroque Beatles Book is a record album by the American keyboardist and conductor Joshua Rifkin. Released by Elektra/Nonesuch in 1965, it takes musical themes of The Beatles and reworks them into Baroque style. The artwork on the cover, signed by illustrator Roger Hane, depicts classical composers reviewing the music to "I Want to Hold Your Hand", one of whom sports a Beatles t-shirt.

Shea Stadium
William A. Shea Municipal Stadium (/ʃeɪ/ SHAY), typically shortened to Shea Stadium, was a multi-purpose stadium in Flushing Meadows–Corona Park in Queens, New York City. Opened in 1964, it was home to the New York Mets of Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1964 to 2008, as well as the New York Jets of the American Football League (AFL) and the National Football League (NFL) from 1964 to 1983.

The stadium was named in honor of William Shea, who was most responsible for bringing National League baseball back to New York after the Dodgers and Giants left for California in 1957. It was demolished in 2009 following the opening of the adjacent Citi Field, the ballpark built to replace it and the current home of the Mets. The former footprint of Shea Stadium is part of Citi Field's parking lots.
Stephen Howlett
Stephen William Howlett CBE DL was formerly Chief Executive of Peabody, one of London's oldest and largest housing associations. He was Chief Executive between 2004 and July 2017 and was appointed to the Peabody Board on 18 May 2011. He also chairs the Board – known as the Court – of the University of Greenwich and presides over its graduation ceremonies as Pro Chancellor. Howlett has been made a 2017 Honorary Fellow of the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA).

Peabody Trust
The Peabody Trust was founded in 1862 as the Peabody Donation Fund and now brands itself simply as Peabody.

It is one of London's oldest and largest housing associations with over 100,000 homes across London and the home counties. It is also a community benefit society and urban regeneration agency.