hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Novioregum
Novioregum was a Gallo-Roman vicus within the Civitas Santonum, the administrative territory of the Santon people. The settlement reached its peak in the 2nd century AD but was abandoned by the 4th or 5th century, leaving its precise location uncertain for centuries. Archaeological evidence now strongly suggests that Novioregum corresponds to the site of Le Fâ in Barzan, Charente-Maritime, France.

Santonian
The Santonian is an age in the geologic timescale or a chronostratigraphic stage. It is a subdivision of the Late Cretaceous Epoch or Upper Cretaceous Series. It spans the time between 85.7 ± 0.2 mya (million years ago) and 83.6 ± 0.2 mya. The Santonian is preceded by the Coniacian and is followed by the Campanian.
Murungu
Murungu is an administrative Council in Muhambwe Constituency in Kibondo District of Kigoma Region in Tanzania. In 2016 the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics reported that there were 8,077 people in the ward, up from 7,338 in 2012.: 125 : 147

Kigoma Region
Kigoma Region (Mkoa wa Kigoma in Swahili) is one of Tanzania's 31 administrative regions, with the city of  Kigoma as the regional capital. Kigoma Region borders Kagera Region, Geita Region, Katavi Region, Tabora Region, DRC and Burundi According to the 2012 national census, the region had a population of 2,127,930, which was higher than the pre-census projection of 1,971,332.: page 2  For 2002–2012, the region's 2.4 percent average annual population growth rate was tied for the fourteenth highest in the country.: page 4  It was also the sixteenth most densely populated region with 57 people per square kilometer.: page 6  With a size of 45,066 square kilometres (17,400 sq mi), the region is slightly smaller than Estonia (45,227 square kilometres (17,462 sq mi)).
Vladimir Prokhorov
Vladimir Prokhorov (born May 25, 1984 in Chusovoy, Perm Krai) is a Russian luger who has competed since 2000. He finished tenth in the men's doubles event at the 2008 FIL European Luge Championships in Cesana, Italy.

Neverzhitiski also finished 13th in the men's doubles event twice at the FIL World Luge Championships (2007, 2008).

FIL World Luge Championships
The FIL World Luge Championships, part of the International Luge Federation (FIL) have taken place on an almost annual basis in non-Winter Olympics years since 1955. These championships are shown for artificial tracks. See FIL World Luge Natural Track Championships for all natural track events that have taken place since 1979.
Kartografov Island
Kartografov Island is a small coastal island lying in the western part of the mouth of Harald Bay, Oates Land, Antarctica. It was photographed by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump (1946–47), the Soviet Antarctic Expedition (1957–58) and the Australian National Antarctic Research Expedition (1959). The island was named "Ostrov Kartografov" (Cartographers' Island) by the Soviet expedition.

Soviet Antarctic Expedition
The Soviet Antarctic Expedition (SAE or SovAE) (Russian: Советская антарктическая экспедиция, САЭ, Sovetskaya antarkticheskaya ekspeditsiya) was a Soviet research institute.  It was succeeded by the Russian Antarctic Expedition.
Damocrateia
According to a fragment of the historian Pythaenetus, Damocrateia (Ancient Greek: Δαμοκράτεια) was the daughter of Aegina and Zeus, and the sister of Aeacus, the king of the island of Aegina. She became the mother of Menoetius by Actor.

Literary fragment
A literary fragment is a piece of text that may be part of a larger work, or that employs a 'fragmentary' form characterised by physical features such as short paragraphs or sentences separated by white space, and thematic features such as discontinuity, ambivalence, ambiguity, or lack of a traditional narrative structure.

While it is difficult to classify literary fragments, a number of critics agree on a basic taxonomy of two types of fragment: those who intentionally use fragmentation as a form in their writing, and those that are fragmented because they are incomplete or because parts have been lost over time.

As a form, the literary fragment has been employed during the Romantic, Modernist, Postmodern and Contemporary literary periods as a way to reckon with the challenges of modernity.
Of All Possible Worlds
Of All Possible Worlds is  a collection of science fiction stories by American writer William Tenn. It was published in hardcover by Ballantine Books in 1955, with a cover by Richard Powers. Ballantine issued paperback editions in 1955, 1960, and 1968; a British hardcover appeared in 1956 with a paperback following in 1963. It was Tenn's first collection.

Ballantine Books
Ballantine Books is a major American book publisher that is a subsidiary of German media conglomerate Bertelsmann. Ballantine was founded in 1952 by Ian Ballantine with his wife, Betty Ballantine. Ballantine was acquired by Random House in 1973, which in turn was acquired by Bertelsmann in 1998 and remains part of that company.

Ballantine's original logo was a pair of mirrored letter Bs back to back, later changing to two Bs stacked to form an elaborate gate. The firm's early editors were Stanley Kauffmann and Bernard Shir-Cliff.
Hideo Noda
Hideo Noda (野田 英夫, Noda Hideo; July 15, 1908 – January 12, 1939), also known as Hideo Benjamin Noda and Benjamin Hideo Noda, was a Japanese-American modernist painter and muralist, member of the Shinseisakuha movement in Japan, student of Arnold Blanch, and uncle of Japanese printmaker Tetsuya Noda, as well as alleged communist spy recruited by Whittaker Chambers.

George Grosz
George Grosz (/ɡroʊs/; German: [ɡʁoːs] ⓘ; born Georg Ehrenfried Groß; July 26, 1893 – July 6, 1959) was a German artist known especially for his caricatural drawings and paintings of Berlin life in the 1920s. He was a prominent member of the Berlin Dada and New Objectivity groups during the Weimar Republic. He emigrated to the United States in 1933, and became a naturalized citizen in 1938. Abandoning the style and subject matter of his earlier work, he exhibited regularly and taught for many years at the Art Students League of New York. In 1959 he returned to Berlin, where he died shortly afterwards.
Morgan McDonald
Morgan McDonald (born 23 April 1996) is an Australian distance runner. McDonald is a two-time Olympian who competed at the Tokyo 2020 and Paris 2024 Olympics.

McDonald contested the 5000 metres at the 2020 Olympics, 2024 Olympics, 2017 World Championships, and 2019 World Championships. McDonald also competed in 2018 Commonwealth Games and placed 8th in 5000 meters in 14:11.37.

As a collegiate athlete, McDonald won four NCAA titles and eight Big Ten Conference and was an eight-time NCAA Division I All-American.

Wisconsin Badgers
The Wisconsin Badgers are the athletic teams representing the University of Wisconsin–Madison. They compete as a member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I level (Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) sub-level), primarily competing in the Big Ten Conference since the 1896–97 season. The women's ice hockey team competes in the Western Collegiate Hockey Association (WCHA), while the men's crew team competes in the Eastern Association of Rowing Colleges (EARC).

The athletic director is Chris McIntosh, former professional football player and lineman for the Wisconsin Badger football team. The Badgers team colors are cardinal and white, and the team mascot is named "Buckingham U. Badger," known as "Bucky Badger." The Badgers have several major on-campus facilities, including Camp Randall Stadium, the UW Field House, and the Kohl Center.
Jahanshah Mirza
Jahanshah Mirza (Persian: جهانشاه میرزا; 1809–1835) was a Qajar prince and poet in 19th-century Iran. He was the son of Fath-Ali Shah Qajar (r. 1797–1834) and his Jewish wife Maryam Khanom. His mother became the thirty-ninth royal consort Fath-Ali Shah Qajar; she was reported to have "no rival in beauty".

Iranian Jews
Iranian Jews constitute one of the oldest communities of the Jewish diaspora. Dating back to the biblical era, they originate from the Jews who arrived in Iran as Babylonian captives. Books of the Hebrew Bible (i.e., Esther, Isaiah, Daniel, Ezra, and Nehemiah) bring together an extensive narrative shedding light on contemporary Jewish life experiences in ancient Iran; there has been a continuous Jewish presence in Iran since at least the time of Cyrus the Great, who led Achaemenid army's conquest of the Neo-Babylonian Empire and subsequently freed the Judahites from the Babylonian captivity.

After 1979, Jewish emigration from Iran increased dramatically in light of the country's Islamic Revolution and fall of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the last Shah of Iran. Today, the vast majority of Iranian Jews reside in Israel and the United States.
Hashiguchi
Hashiguchi (written: 橋口 lit. "bridge mouth") is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Goyō Hashiguchi (橋口 五葉, 1880–1921), Japanese artist

Jōji Hashiguchi (橋口 譲二, born 1949), Japanese photographer

Masaru Hashiguchi (橋口 勝, born 1974), Japanese footballer

Ryōsuke Hashiguchi (橋口 亮輔, born 1962), Japanese film director

Takashi Hashiguchi (橋口 たかし, born 1967), Japanese manga artist

Ryōsuke Hashiguchi
Ryōsuke Hashiguchi (橋口亮輔, Hashiguchi Ryōsuke; born 13 July 1962) is a Japanese film director particularly known for projects concerning LGBT community issues. He won the award for Best Director at the 24th Yokohama Film Festival for Hush! and at the 33rd Hochi Film Award for All Around Us.
Újpetre
Újpetre is a village in Baranya county, Hungary.
Until the end of World War II, the inhabitants were Danube Swabians, also called locally as Stifolder, because their ancestors arrived around 1720 from Fulda (district). Most of the former German settlers were expelled to Allied-occupied Germany and Allied-occupied Austria in 1945–1948, following the Potsdam Agreement. Only a few Germans of Hungary live there, the majority today are the descendants of Hungarians from the Czechoslovak–Hungarian population exchange. They occupied the houses of the former Danube Swabian inhabitants.

Baranya County
Baranya (Hungarian: Baranya vármegye, pronounced [ˈbɒrɒɲɒ ˈvaːrmɛɟɛ]; German: Branau; Croatian: Baranjska županija) is a county (vármegye) in southern Hungary. It is part of the Southern Transdanubia statistical region and the historical Baranya region, which was a county (comitatus) in the Kingdom of Hungary dating back to the 11th century. Its current status as one of the 19 counties of Hungary was established in 1950 as part of wider Soviet administrative territorial reform following World War II. Its county seat and largest city is Pécs.

As of 2025, it has a population of 351,158. Of the 19 counties of Hungary (excluding Budapest), it is ranked 10th, both in terms of geographic area and population.
Eremotropa
Eremotropa sciaphila is a species of flowering plant in the heath family, Ericaceae. It is the sole species in genus Eremotropa. It is a holoparasitic perennial native to central Yunnan Province in south-central China.

Obligate parasite
An obligate parasite or holoparasite is a parasitic organism that cannot complete its life-cycle without exploiting a suitable host. If an obligate parasite cannot obtain a host it will fail to reproduce. This is opposed to a facultative parasite, which can act as a parasite but does not rely on its host to continue its life-cycle. Obligate parasites have evolved a variety of parasitic strategies to exploit their hosts.

It is advantageous for the parasite to preserve the health of its host when this is compatible with its nutritional and reproductive requirements, except when the death of the host is necessary for transmission.
Itarsi Junction railway station
Itarsi Junction railway station (station code: ET) is a junction railway station in Hoshangabad district in Madhya Pradesh from which more than 420 trains pass every day. It is the 8th busiest railway junction in India. It falls under the West Central Railway zone of Indian Railways network. It is located 18 kilometres (11 mi) away from Hoshangabad by train, and by road it is 20 kilometers. It is one of the most important junction stations, behind Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Junction and Nagpur Junction. In 2015 the signal control system was gutted in a fire incident resulting in hundreds of trains being cancelled for over 30 days till normality was restored.

Hoshangabad
Hoshangabad (Hindi: IPA: [ɦoːʃə̃ŋɡɑːbɑːd]), officially Narmadapuram ([nəɾmədɑːəpʊɾəm]), is a city in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. It serves as the headquarters of both Hoshangabad district and Narmadapuram division. It is located in central India, on the south bank of the Narmada River. Hoshangabad is 76.7 km (47.7 mi) from the capital of Madhya Pradesh and the nearest airport Bhopal.
Gene Karpinski
Gene Karpinski (born January 14, 1952) is the president of the League of Conservation Voters.

Karpinski is a graduate of Brown University and Georgetown University Law Center. Upon receipt of his J.D. in 1977, Karpinski joined Congress Watch, a division of Public Citizen, as field director. He continued in that role until 1981, when he moved on to a position as executive director with the Colorado Public Interest Research Group. After a stint with People For the American Way as field director, in 1984 Karpinski became the executive director of the United States Public Interest Research Group, the national lobbying office for state PIRGs across the country, a position he held for 21 years. He became president of the League of Conservation Voters in April 2006, after serving for more than a decade on the group's board of directors and political committee.

In September 2024, Karpinski announced that he would step down from the LCV in 2025 upon the appointment of a successor.

Public Interest Research Group
Public Interest Research Groups (PIRGs) are U.S. and Canadian non-profit organizations that employ grassroots organizing and direct advocacy on issues such as consumer protection, public health and transportation. Many of the PIRGs are closely affiliated with the Fund for the Public Interest, which conducts fundraising and canvassing on their behalf.
Cerovec, Šentjur
Cerovec (pronounced [ˈtseːɾɔʋəts]) is a settlement in the Municipality of Šentjur, in eastern Slovenia. It lies 10 km east of Celje and the A1 motorway crosses the settlement's territory. The settlement, and the entire municipality, are included in the Savinja Statistical Region, which is in the Slovenian portion of the historical Duchy of Styria.

A hidden underground structure in the Šohta Woods near the settlement, built in 1944, was used as a secret Partisan hospital (Slovene: partizanska bolnišnica Zima).

Municipality of Šentjur
The Municipality of Šentjur (Slovene: Občina Šentjur), named Municipality of Šentjur pri Celju (Občina Šentjur pri Celju) until 2002, is a municipality in eastern Slovenia. The town of Šentjur is the seat of the municipality. With an area of 223 square kilometers (86 sq mi) it is one of the larger municipalities in Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region. Saint George appears on the municipal coat of arms.
Emile McMaster
Joseph Emile Patrick McMaster (16 March 1861 – 7 June 1929) was an Irish amateur cricketer and umpire who played in one retrospectively-recognised Test match for England in 1889. That was his only first-class appearance and he was never a member of any county team. He later umpired first-class matches in South Africa. He was born in Gilford, County Down, and died in London.

Educated at Harrow, McMaster was a right-handed batsman and, uniquely, a player whose Test and first-class career consisted of a single match; also, he did not score a run, take a wicket or hold a catch. He did not bowl but he was praised for his fielding.

Umpire (cricket)
In cricket, an umpire (from the Old French nompere meaning not a peer, that is, not a  member of one of the teams, impartial) is a person who has the authority to make decisions about events on the cricket field according to the Laws of Cricket. Besides making decisions about legality of delivery, appeals for wickets and general conduct of the game in a legal manner, the umpire also keeps a record of the deliveries and announces the completion of an over.

The umpires in cricket are not to be confused with the referee who usually presides only over international matches and makes no decisions affecting the outcome of the game.
Tammneeme
Tammneeme is a village in Viimsi Parish, Harju County in northern Estonia. It is located about 13 km (8 mi) northeast of the centre of Tallinn, on the eastern coast of Viimsi peninsula by the Muuga Bay. As of the 2011 census, the settlement's population was 463.

Tammneeme was first mentioned in 1491 as Iversback. During the Middle Ages, Tammneeme was settled by Coastal Swedes and belonged to Maardu Manor. At the beginning of 16th century, the first Estonians started to settle there, and they slowly predominated. Most of today's housing was built in the 1960s and 1970s.

The composer and musician Arved Haug (1922–1995) was born in Tammneeme.

2011 Estonian census
The 2011 Population and Housing Census (PHC 2011) (Estonian: Rahva ja eluruumide loendus (REL 2011)) was a census that was carried out during 31 December 2011 – 31 March 2012 in Estonia by Statistics Estonia.

The total population recorded was 1,294,455 persons, compared to 1,370,052 persons counted in the 2000 Estonian census.
Melville Gideon
Melville J. Gideon (May 21, 1884 – November 11, 1933) was an American composer, lyricist and performer of ragtime music, composing many themes for hit Broadway musicals including The Co-Optimists and The Beauty Spot. He was also a director, producer and performer. He was born in New York City, and died in London, aged 49.

Among the songs he composed were "Arizona" (1916, lyrics by James Heard), "Washington Square" (1920, lyrics by Cole Porter and Ray E. Goetz), "I Never Realized" (1921, lyrics by Porter) and  "Crinoline Gown" (1924, lyrics by Clifford Seyler).

Lyricist
A lyricist is a writer who writes lyrics (the spoken words), as opposed to a composer, who writes the song's music which may include (but is not limited to) the melody, harmony, arrangement and accompaniment.
Aurora (newspaper)
Aurora, until December 1927 known as Ystads-Bladet Aurora, was a daily Social Democratic newspaper published from Ystad in southern Sweden. As of 1957, the newspaper had a daily circulation of around 4,730.

Editors of the newspaper included J. Pihlman, Elias Nilsson, Ludvig Törnqvist and Henry Hallgren.

The first issue of Aurora was published on August 5, 1899. Then it was a weekly paper, published on Saturdays. It labelled itself as a 'left-leaning' newspaper. 1900-1902 it was published twice a week, 1902-1907 thrice a week. From October 1907 onwards it was published six times per week.

In 1910 the newspaper was titled as 'radical' and in 1933 as 'Social Democratic, pro-Temperance and religious'. Other the political label was simply 'Social Democratic'.

The last issue of the paper was published on December 31, 1957. In 1984, the Ystad arbetarkommun ('Labour Commune', i.e. Social Democratic municipal unit) began publishing a quarterly newsletter with the same name.

Far-left politics
Far-left politics are politics further to the left on the political spectrum than the standard political left. In certain instances, far-left has been associated with various forms of authoritarianism, anarchism, communism, and Marxism, or are characterised as groups that advocate for revolutionary socialism and related communist ideologies, or anti-capitalism and anti-globalisation. Far-left terrorism consists of extremist, militant, or insurgent groups that attempt to realise their ideals through political violence rather than using democratic processes.
2024 Engie Open Florianópolis – Men's doubles
Pedro Boscardin Dias and Gustavo Heide were the defending champions but only Boscardin Dias chose to defend his title, partnering Gabriel Roveri Sidney. They lost in the first round to Luís Britto and Paulo André Saraiva dos Santos.

Daniel Cukierman and Carlos Sánchez Jover won the title after defeating Lorenzo Joaquín Rodríguez and Franco Roncadelli 6–0, 3–6, [10–4] in the final.

Pedro Boscardin Dias
Pedro Boscardin Dias (born 28 January 2003) is a Brazilian professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 253 achieved on 9 February 2026 and a doubles ranking of No. 174 achieved on 27 November 2023.

Boscardin Dias plays mostly on the ATP Challenger Tour, where he has won four titles in doubles.
Brives-sur-Charente
Brives-sur-Charente (French pronunciation: [bʁiv syʁ ʃaʁɑ̃t], literally Brives on Charente, before 1962: Brives) is a commune in the Charente-Maritime department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in southwestern France.

Charente-Maritime
Charente-Maritime (French pronunciation: [ʃaʁɑ̃t maʁitim] ⓘ; Poitevin-Saintongeais: Chérente-Marine; Occitan: Charanta Maritima) is a department in the French region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine, on the country's west coast. Named after the river Charente, its prefecture is La Rochelle. As of 2019, it had a population of 651,358 with an area of 6,864 square kilometres (2,650 sq mi).
Stan Dewulf
Stan Dewulf (born 20 December 1997) is a Belgian cyclist, who currently rides for UCI WorldTeam Decathlon–AG2R La Mondiale. Professional since 2019, he has most notably won the 2021 Boucles de l'Aulne.

Boucles de l'Aulne
Boucles de l'Aulne is a single-day road bicycle race held annually in May or June around Châteaulin, in the region of Brittany, France. Since 2006, the race is organized as a 1.1 event on the UCI Europe Tour.

It was previously known as Grand Prix Le Télégramme de Brest and Circuit de l'Aulne. In 2011, it became part of the French Road Cycling Cup.
Charles Dixon (ornithologist)
Charles Dixon (1858 – 17 June 1926) was an English ornithologist, born in London.  He discovered the St Kilda wren and a new species in North Africa.  He collaborated with Henry Seebohm on his great work on British Birds, in the second volume of which he summarized and modified A. R. Wallace's theory of the relation between nests and coloration of birds. Elliott Coues wrote in the preface to the American edition of Dixon's book "Rural bird life" pointing out the originality of the observations made from the field and Julian Huxley noted Dixon for recognizing the value of prismatic binoculars for bird study. In his later years, he wrote in the newspapers on agricultural fairs and horse shows.

St Kilda wren
The St Kilda wren (Troglodytes troglodytes hirtensis) is a small passerine bird in the wren family.  It is a distinctive subspecies of the Eurasian wren endemic to the islands of the isolated St Kilda archipelago, in the Atlantic Ocean 64 kilometres (40 mi) west of the Outer Hebrides, Scotland.