hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stoke Lacy
Stoke Lacy is a small village and civil parish in the English county of Herefordshire.

Stoke Lacy lies on the main A465 road that connects Hereford and Bromyard and is 10.3 miles (16.6 km) from the former and 4.3 miles (6.9 km) from the latter.

Hereford
Hereford (/ˈhɛrɪfərd/ ⓘ HERR-if-ərd) is a cathedral city and the county town of the ceremonial county of Herefordshire, England. It is on the banks of the River Wye and lies 16 miles (26 km) east of the border with Wales, 23 miles (37 km) north-west of Gloucester and 24 miles (39 km) south-west of Worcester. With a population of 61,900 in 2024, it is the largest settlement in Herefordshire.

An early town charter from 1189, granted by Richard I of England, describes it as "Hereford in Wales". Hereford has been recognised as a city since time immemorial, with the status being reconfirmed in October 2000. Hereford has been a civil parish since 2000.

Products from Hereford include cider, beer, leather goods, nickel alloys, poultry, chemicals and sausage rolls, as well as the Hereford breed of cattle.
5th Moscow Jewish Film Festival
The 5th Moscow Jewish Film Festival is an annual international film festival, which aims to gather in the program features, documentaries, shorts and animated films on the subject of Jewish culture, history and national identity and contemporary problems.

The festival was held in Moscow from 23 to 30 June 2019 at the Jewish Museum and Tolerance Center, Documentary Film Center, cinema GUM, KARO 11 cinema Oktyabr, Moskino Zvezda, Moskino Kosmos, Knizhniki and Moscow Jewish Community Center.

Anna's War
Anna's War  (Russian: Война  Анны, romanized: Voyna Anny) is a 2018 Russian drama film directed by  Aleksey Fedorchenko. It  premiered at the International Film Festival Rotterdam in January 2018.

On 25 January 2019 the film won the Russian Golden Eagle Award in the Best Film category. Fedorchenko won the award for Best Director.

The plot was based on the short story Ghost by Dmitri Khotckevich, a true story of his neighbor pani Ada (missis Ada), which he published earlier at livejournal under the nick storyofgrubas.
Snipe Hansen
Roy Emil Frederick "Snipe" Hansen (February 21, 1907 – September 11, 1978) was an American left-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball. In a five-season major league career, he played for the Philadelphia Phillies and the St. Louis Browns. He was officially listed as standing 6 feet 3 inches (191 cm) and weighing 195 pounds (88 kg).

After opening his minor league career in the Chicago Cubs system, Hansen was purchased by the Phillies in 1930, playing for them that season and from 1932 to 1935. He won 22 games and lost 44 for the Philadelphia club, posting a 4.84 earned run average in 599 innings and splitting time between the starting rotation and the bullpen. Late in his major league career, he played a short time for the Browns, losing one game before returning to the minors at the end of his career.

Winning percentage
In sports, a winning percentage or Copeland score is the fraction of games or matches a team or individual has won. The statistic is commonly used in standings or rankings to compare teams or individuals. It is defined as wins divided by the total number of matches played (i.e. wins plus draws plus losses). A draw counts as a 1⁄2 win.
Monnet Cognac
Monnet, also J.-G. Monnet is a brand of cognac that was associated with the Monnet family from 1897 to 1962 and retains its name. The family's most illustrious member Jean Monnet, founding father of European integration, worked at the family firm and often made references to its formative role in shaping his beliefs and world view: cognac involves patience, because the product must age for years before commercialization, and it entails a global perspective, because the market is mostly outside France.

Martell (cognac)
Martell is a cognac house founded in 1715 by Jean Martell. It is the oldest of the "big four" cognac houses (the others are Hennessy, Rémy Martin and Courvoisier), who together produce most of the world's cognac. Formerly owned by the Seagram spirits empire, it is now part of the Martell Mumm Perrier-Jouët (MMPJ) subsidiary of the French wines and spirits conglomerate Pernod Ricard. Martell's flagship Cordon Bleu, introduced in 1912, was for many years the world's highest-selling premium cognac.

By 2015 Martell was producing around 14 million bottles of its cognacs a year, making it the world's second-largest cognac producer behind Hennessy.
William Tillyer
William Tillyer (born 25 September 1938) is a British artist working within painting, watercolour and the printmaking tradition. His approach is constantly evolving; redefining and reinterpreting classic subject matter, such as landscapes, still lifes and portraits, in methods that challenge historical traditions and vary between bodies of work. Since the 1950s, Tillyer has exhibited internationally, and his work can be found in the collections of major institutions including the Arts Council of Great Britain, the Brooklyn Art Museum, the Museum of Modern Art (MOMA), Tate Britain and the Victoria and Albert Museum. There are at least 15 works by Tillyer in the Tate collection, including High Force (1974).

Tate Britain
Tate Britain, known from 1897 to 1932 as the National Gallery of British Art and from 1932 to 2000 as the Tate Gallery, is an art museum on Millbank in the City of Westminster in London, England. It is part of the Tate network of galleries in England, with Tate Modern, Tate Liverpool and Tate St Ives. Founded by Sir Henry Tate, it houses a substantial collection of the art of the United Kingdom since Tudor times, and in particular has large holdings of the works of J. M. W. Turner, who bequeathed all his own collection to the nation. It is one of the largest museums in the country. In 2021, it ranked 50th on the list of most-visited art museums in the world.
Werneria mertensiana
Werneria mertensiana is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is found in western Cameroon (Mount Nlonako, Mount Manengouba, Mount Kala, possibly Western High Plateau) and possibly in the Obudu Plateau in Nigeria. The specific name mertensiana honours Robert Mertens, a German zoologist and herpetologist. Common name Mertens' smalltongue toad has been coined for it.

Werneria mertensiana is typically found associated with rocks in streams and waterfalls in forest and degraded secondary habitats at the lower limit of the submontane zone, 800–1,050 m (2,620–3,440 ft) above sea level. It can also be found in leaf-litter away from water. It can be locally relatively abundant. The main threat to it is probably habitat loss.

True toad
A true toad is any member of the family Bufonidae, in the order Anura (frogs and toads). This is the only family of anurans in which all members are known as toads, although some may be called frogs (such as harlequin frogs). The bufonids now comprise more than 35 genera, Bufo being the best known.
Ensifer meliloti
Ensifer meliloti (formerly Rhizobium meliloti and Sinorhizobium meliloti) are an aerobic, Gram-negative, and diazotrophic species of bacteria. E. meliloti  are motile and possess a cluster of peritrichous flagella. E. meliloti fix atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia for their legume hosts, such as alfalfa. E. meliloti forms a symbiotic relationship with legumes from the genera Medicago, Melilotus and Trigonella, including the model legume Medicago truncatula. This symbiosis promotes the development of a plant organ, termed a root nodule. Because soil often contains a limited amount of nitrogen for plant use, the symbiotic relationship between E. meliloti and their legume hosts has agricultural applications. These techniques reduce the need for inorganic nitrogenous fertilizers.

Diazotroph
Diazotrophs are organisms capable of nitrogen fixation, i.e. converting the relatively inert diatomic nitrogen (N2) in Earth's atmosphere into bioavailable compound forms such as ammonia. Diazotrophs are typically microorganisms such as bacteria and archaea, with examples being rhizobia and Frankia and Azospirillum. All diazotrophs contain iron-molybdenum or iron-vanadium nitrogenase systems, and two of the most studied systems are those of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Azotobacter vinelandii due to their genetic tractability and their fast growth.
Menadon
Menadon is an extinct genus of traversodontid cynodonts. The type and only species is Menadon besairiei.

Fossils of Menadon were first found in Isalo II (the Makay Formation) of Madagascar, which preserves sediments from the Middle to Late Triassic period. They have also been recovered from the Santa Maria Formation of the Paraná Basin near Santa Cruz do Sul in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Menadon was unique among non-mammalian synapsids for the presence of hypsodont (high-crowned) postcanine teeth. Hypsodont teeth grow continuously to counteract high wear caused by a diet of abrasive plant material. Menadon's teeth convergently resemble those of hypsodont xenarthrans such as sloths and armadillos, due to their column-like form and dentine which grows from the crown towards the root.

Paraná Basin
The Paraná Basin (Portuguese: Bacia do Paraná, Spanish: Cuenca del Paraná) is a large cratonic sedimentary basin situated in the central-eastern part of South America. About 75% of its areal distribution occurs in Brazil, from Mato Grosso to Rio Grande do Sul states. The remainder area is distributed in eastern Paraguay, northeastern Argentina and northern Uruguay. The shape of the depression is roughly elliptical and covers an area of about 1,500,000 km2 (580,000 sq mi).

The Paraná River, from which the Paraná Basin derived its name, flows along the central axis of the Paraná Basin and drains it.
Christ Is My Hope
Christ Is My Hope is the third EP by the American alternative rock band the Innocence Mission.

A collection of newly recorded spiritual music ("O Lord of Light", "O Sacred Head Surrounded", "Beautiful Saviour"), folk songs ("500 Miles"), ballads ("Fare Thee Well"), and original songs ("No Storms Come", "Christ Is My Hope", "Morning Star"), the record was released independently by the group's own label, LAMP, with all proceeds donated to hunger relief charities.

The lyrics to "No Storms Come" are adapted from the poem "Heaven-Haven (A Nun Takes the Veil)" by 19th-century English poet Gerard Manley Hopkins. It was re-released on their album Befriended (2003).

Fare Thee Well (song)
"Fare Thee Well" (also known as "The Turtle Dove" or "10,000 Miles") is an 18th-century English folk ballad, listed as number 422 in the Roud Folk Song Index. In the song, a lover bids farewell before setting off on a journey.
Mark Spitznagel
Mark Spitznagel (/ˈspɪtsneɪɡəl/; born March 5, 1971) is an American investor and hedge fund manager. He is the founder, owner, and chief investment officer of Universa Investments, a hedge fund management firm based in Miami, Florida.

He is known as a pioneer in so-called "tail-hedging" or "black swan" investing, an investment strategy intended to provide "insurance-like protection" against stock market crashes.

Hedge (finance)
A hedge is an investment position intended to offset potential losses or gains that may be incurred by a companion investment. A hedge can be constructed from many types of financial instruments, including stocks, exchange-traded funds, insurance, forward contracts, swaps, options, gambles, many types of over-the-counter and derivative products, and futures contracts.

Public futures markets were established in the 19th century to allow transparent, standardized, and efficient hedging of agricultural commodity prices; they have since expanded to include futures contracts for hedging the values of energy, precious metals, foreign currency, and interest rate fluctuations.
Manggatal
Menggatal or Manggatal is a Malaysian town and suburb of Kota Kinabalu District on the west coast of Sabah. It is an suburb of the state capital, Kota Kinabalu, and is under the jurisdiction of Kota Kinabalu City Hall. It is located along Jalan Tuaran Lama, which is the main road leading north from Kota Kinabalu city centre to neighbouring Tuaran District.

The town is notable for being one of few towns in Sabah where wooden pre-World War II era shophouses still stand. The sub-district area's land prices are constantly rising up as most of the land area in the coastal Kota Kinabalu have already been occupied. Many developers have key interests in this sub-district area as the population of the capital district is steadily increasing.

Kota Kinabalu District
The Kota Kinabalu District (Malay: Daerah Kota Kinabalu) is an administrative district in the Malaysian state of Sabah, part of the West Coast Division which includes the districts of Kota Belud, Kota Kinabalu, Papar, Penampang, Ranau and Tuaran. The capital of the district is in Kota Kinabalu City.
Eduardo V. Teixeira
Eduardo V. Teixeira is a Brazilian mathematician working in the areas of analysis and partial differential equations. He is a prestigious Kerr Professor at the Oklahoma State University. He was awarded the 2017 ICTP Ramanujan Prize. The prize recognized his outstanding work in the field of Analysis and Partial Differential Equations (PDE). His contributions include work on free boundary problems, an original approach to the regularity of degenerate elliptic equations, and the founding of a major research group in nonlinear PDEs in Latin America. He obtained his Ph.D. in 2005 under the supervision of Luis Caffarelli at the University of Texas at Austin. He has been a member of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences since 2014.

Brazilian Academy of Sciences
The Brazilian Academy of Sciences (Portuguese: Academia Brasileira de Ciências or ABC) is the national academy of Brazil. It is headquartered in the city of Rio de Janeiro and was founded on May 3, 1916.
Superman (gene)
Superman is a plant gene in Arabidopsis thaliana, that plays a role in controlling the boundary between stamen and carpel development in a flower.  It is named for the comic book character Superman, and the related genes kryptonite (gene) and clark kent were named accordingly (although, appropriately, the latter turned out to just be another form of superman).  It encodes a transcription factor (specifically a C2H2 type zinc finger protein). Homologous genes are known in the petunia and snapdragon, which are also involved in flower development, although in both cases there are important differences from the functioning in Arabidopsis. Superman is expressed early on in flower development, in the stamen whorl adjacent to the carpel whorl. It interacts with the other genes of the ABC model of flower development in a variety of ways.

Petunia
Petunia is a genus of 20 species of flowering plants of South American origin. The popular flower of the same name derived its epithet from the French, which took the word pétun, 'tobacco', from a Tupi–Guarani language. A tender perennial plant, most of the varieties seen in gardens are hybrids (Petunia × atkinsiana, also known as Petunia × hybrida).
The Saint to the Rescue
The Saint to the Rescue is a collection of short stories by Leslie Charteris, first published in 1959 by The Crime Club in the United States. The first British edition by Hodder and Stoughton was not published until 1961. This was the 34th book to feature the adventures of Simon Templar, alias "The Saint".

Leslie Charteris
Leslie Charteris (/ˈtʃɑːrtərɪs/; born Leslie Charles Bowyer-Yin; 12 May 1907 – 15 April 1993), was a British-Chinese author of adventure fiction, as well as a screenwriter. He was best known for his many books chronicling the adventures of his hero Simon Templar, alias "The Saint".
Hired armed lugger Alert
Alert was a hired armed lugger that served the British Royal Navy from 27 March 1804 to 4 March 1805. Alert had a burthen of 11980⁄94 tons and was armed with six 12-pounder and eight 6-pounder guns, and two 12-pounder carronades. During 1804 Alert was renamed Lucy.

Lucy was under the command of Lieutenant Thomas Delafons on 30 December 1804 when she captured the Spanish ship St Andero. St Andero, Beragorte, master, came into Plymouth. She had come from Vera Cruz and was carrying 100,000 dollars, and a cargo of sugar, indigo, and cochineal.

Later, Lucy captured and sent into Plymouth the chasse maree Deux Freres, which had been sailing from Île de Ré to Bordeaux.

Lugger
A lugger is a sailing vessel defined by its rig, using the lug sail on all of its one or more masts. Luggers were widely used as working craft, particularly off the coasts of France, England, Ireland and Scotland. Luggers varied extensively in size and design. Many were undecked, open boats, some of which operated from beach landings (such as Hastings or Deal). Others were fully decked craft (typified by the Zulu and many other sailing drifters). Some larger examples might carry lug topsails.
Suprapineal recess
The suprapineal recess is an anatomical structure in the ventricular system of the brain. It is located in the posterior part of the third ventricle, overlying the cerebral aqueduct.

In severe cases of hydrocephalus with increased pressure, this structure can dilate causing mass effect on the midbrain resulting in Parinaud's syndrome with bilateral inward and downward deviation of the eyes.

Parinaud's syndrome
Parinaud's syndrome is a constellation of neurological signs indicating injury to the dorsal midbrain. More specifically, compression of the vertical gaze center at the rostral interstitial nucleus of medial longitudinal fasciculus (riMLF).

It is a group of abnormalities of eye movement and pupil dysfunction and is named for Henri Parinaud (1844–1905), considered to be the father of French ophthalmology.
North Amber Lake
North Amber Lake is an alpine lake in Blaine County, Idaho, United States, located in the Boulder Mountains in Sawtooth National Recreation Area. While no trails lead to the lake, it is most easily accessed from trail 146. The lake is located north of South Amber Lake, but in a separate sub-drainage.

Boulder Mountains (Idaho)
The Boulder Mountains are part of the Rocky Mountains in the western United States. Located in central Idaho, they stretch from a few miles north of Ketchum to north to near Challis, and part of the range is within the Sawtooth National Recreation Area (SNRA) and partially within the Hemingway–Boulders Wilderness.  The highest point in the range is Ryan Peak, at 11,714 feet (3,570 m) above sea level.

During the summer, popular hiking destinations include the many trails in the southern section of the Boulder Mountains, where many of the highest peaks are located.  The front of the Boulders are close to and clearly visible from State Highway 75, the Sawtooth Scenic Byway.  Here along the Big Wood River, forests exist along the base of the mountains, while the northern extent of the range has much more sagebrush.

Part of the 1985 movie Pale Rider was filmed in the Boulder Mountains in autumn 1984.
Corbin on Contracts
Corbin on Contracts was a leading American textbook on US contract law written by Arthur Linton Corbin. It was influential in the development of contract theory and practice in the 50 American states, and throughout the common law world.  Many of the views were cardinal to the development of the Uniform Commercial Code and the Restatement (Second) of Contracts.

United States contract law
Contract law regulates the obligations established by agreement, whether express or implied, between private parties in the United States. The law of contracts varies from state to state; there is nationwide federal contract law in certain areas, such as contracts entered into pursuant to Federal Reclamation Law.

The law governing transactions involving the sale of goods has become highly standardized nationwide through widespread adoption of the Uniform Commercial Code. There remains significant diversity in the interpretation of other kinds of contracts, depending upon the extent to which a given state has codified its common law of contracts or adopted portions of the Restatement (Second) of Contracts.
Orthopedic cast
An orthopedic cast or orthopaedic cast, commonly referred to simply as a cast, is a form of medical treatment used to immobilize and support bones and soft tissues during the healing process after fractures, surgeries, or severe injuries. By restricting movement, casts provide stability to the affected area, enabling proper alignment and healing of bones, ligaments, and tendons. They are commonly applied to the limbs but can also be used for the trunk, neck, or other parts of the body in specific cases. Orthopedic casts come in various types and designs, tailored to the nature and severity of the injury, as well as the patient's needs. Advances in medical techniques have made casts more comfortable, effective, and versatile, allowing for both weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing options.

Crutch
A crutch is a mobility aid that transfers weight from the legs to the upper body. It is often used by people who cannot use their legs to support their weight, for reasons ranging from short-term injuries to lifelong disabilities.
Calcare di Aurisina
The Calcare di Aurisina (Also known as Aurisina Formation, "Formazione di Monrupino", Trieste Karst Limestone formation, "Tomaj Limestone", "Repen formation", "Sežana formation" and "Lipiza/Lipica formation") is a Mesozoic geologic formation in Italy and Slovenia. This limestones are found in the Trieste area and are of Late Cretaceous  (Santonian-Campanian) age, being a local record of Carbonate platform limestones, historically quarried by cutting large blocks using steel wire, what has allowed more access to them, as numerous quarries allow excellent exposure.  Due to being cut into large blocks and slabs, that usually end stored near the quarries, detailed, three-dimensional study of the rock's composition and fossils can be easily done.

Santonian
The Santonian is an age in the geologic timescale or a chronostratigraphic stage. It is a subdivision of the Late Cretaceous Epoch or Upper Cretaceous Series. It spans the time between 85.7 ± 0.2 mya (million years ago) and 83.6 ± 0.2 mya. The Santonian is preceded by the Coniacian and is followed by the Campanian.
Words (Daya song)
"Words" is a song by American singer Daya. The song was released on November 15, 2016, as the third single and only non-EP single from her debut studio album, Sit Still, Look Pretty (2016). It was written by Gino Barletta, Melanie Fontana, and Jonas Jeberg, with the production being handled by Barletta.

Jonas Jeberg
Jonas Jeberg (born January 28, 1975), is a Danish songwriter and music producer residing in Los Angeles. He has written and produced hit songs including Panic! at the Disco's "High Hopes", Doechii's "Nosebleeds" Selena Gomez's "Fetish" featuring Gucci Mane, Fifth Harmony's "Sledgehammer", Nicki Minaj's "The Boys", Chris Brown's "Remember My Name", Demi Lovato's "Made in the USA", Jason Derulo's "Marry Me", The Pussycat Dolls' "I Hate This Part" and Jordin Sparks' "One Step at a Time".