hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Buckingham County, Virginia
Buckingham County is a rural United States county located in the Commonwealth of Virginia, and containing the geographic center of the state. Buckingham County is part of the Piedmont region of Virginia, and the county seat is Buckingham.

Buckingham County was created in 1761 from the southeastern portion of Albemarle County and was predominantly farmland. The county was probably named in honor of the Duke of Buckingham, though the precise origin is uncertain. Several changes were made to the borders, until the existing boundaries were established in 1860.

As of the 2020 census, the county population was 16,824.

Commonwealth (U.S. state)
Commonwealth is a term used by four of the 50 states of the United States in their full official names: Kentucky, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. "Commonwealth" is a traditional English term used to describe a political community as having been founded for the common good, and shares some similarities with the Latin phrase "res publica" ('the public thing'), which ultimately is the origin of the word "republic".

The "commonwealth" appellation is merely stylistic and carries no legal or political significance. The four states that use this term are all in the Eastern United States, and prior to the formation of the United States in 1776 were British colonial possessions (at the time, Kentucky was a part of colonial Virginia). As such, they share a strong influence of English common law in some of their laws and institutions.
University—Rosedale
University—Rosedale is the name of three electoral districts in Downtown Toronto, Ontario, Canada, with identical boundaries, used to elect legislators at different levels of government.

University—Rosedale (federal electoral district), federal riding electing one MP to the House of Commons of Canada

University—Rosedale (provincial electoral district), provincial riding electing one MPP to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario]

Ward 11 University—Rosedale, municipal ward electing one member of the Toronto City Council

University—Rosedale (provincial electoral district)
University—Rosedale is a provincial electoral district in Toronto. It elects one member to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. This riding was created in 2015.  The Ontario Legislative Building is located within this district.
Paul Clinton (cricketer)
Paul James Selvey Clinton (born 30 August 1983) is an English former first-class cricketer.

Clinton was born at Dartford in August 1983. He was educated at Colfe's School, before going up to Keble College, Oxford. While studying at Oxford he played first-class cricket, making his debut for Oxford UCCE against Kent at Oxford in 2004. He played first-class cricket for Oxford UCCE on two further occasions in 2005, in addition to making three first-class appearances for Oxford University against Cambridge University in The University Matches of 2004, 2005 and 2006. Playing in six first-class matches, Clinton scored 67 runs with a high score of 24. His uncle Grahame Clinton and cousin Richard Clinton both played first-class cricket.

Dartford
Dartford is the principal town in the Borough of Dartford, Kent, England. It is located 18 mi (29 km) south-east of Central London and
is situated adjacent to the London Borough of Bexley to its west. To its north, across the Thames Estuary, is Thurrock in Essex, which can be reached via the Dartford Crossing. To its east lies the Borough of Gravesham and to the south the district of Sevenoaks. It had a population of 51,240.

The town centre lies in a valley through which the River Darent flows and where the old road from London to Dover crossed: hence the name, which derives from Darent + ford. Dartford became a market town in medieval times and, although today it is principally a commuter town for Greater London, it has a long history of religious, industrial and cultural importance. It is an important rail hub; the main through-road now by-passes the town itself.
Nkechi Egbe
Nkechi Egbe Listenⓘ (born 5 February 1978) is a Nigerian former football forward who played as a forward for the Nigeria women's national football team at the 2004 Summer Olympics. At the club level, she played for Delta Queens.

Nigeria women's national football team
The Nigeria women's national football team, nicknamed the Super Falcons, represents Nigeria in international women's football and is controlled by the Nigeria Football Federation (NFF). The team is Africa's most successful international women's football team, having won a record ten Women's Africa Cup of Nations titles; their most recent title in 2025, after defeating Morocco in the final. The team is also the only women's national team from the Confederation of African Football to have reached the quarterfinals in both the FIFA Women's World Cup and the Summer Olympics.

They are also one of the few teams in the world and only African team to have qualified for every edition of the FIFA Women's World Cup, with their best performance at the 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup where they reached the quarterfinals.
Minimum alveolar concentration
Minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) is the concentration, often expressed as a percentage by volume, of a vapour in the alveoli of the lungs that is needed to prevent movement in 50% of patients in response to pain. MAC is used to compare the potency (dose required to induce a specific effect) of anaesthetic vapours. The concept of MAC was first introduced in 1965.

"Minimum alveolar concentration" is a misnomer, as MAC is representative of a median value. The original paper proposed MAC as the minimal alveolar concentration, which was shortly thereafter revised to minimum alveolar concentration. A lower MAC value represents a more potent volatile anesthetic.

Other uses of MAC include MAC-BAR (1.7–2.0 MAC), which is the concentration required to block autonomic reflexes to nociceptive stimuli, and MAC-awake (0.3–0.5 MAC), the concentration required to block voluntary reflexes and control perceptive awareness.

Misnomer
A misnomer is a name that is incorrectly or unsuitably applied. Misnomers often arise because something was named long before its correct nature was known, or because an earlier form of something has been replaced by a later form to which the name no longer suitably applies. A misnomer may also be a word that is used incorrectly or misleadingly. The word "misnomer" does not mean "misunderstanding" or "popular misconception", and a number of misnomers remain in common usage — which is to say that a word being a misnomer does not necessarily make usage of the word incorrect.
Harris Dining Hall (Miami University)
Harris Dining Hall – also known simply as Harris Hall- was named after Andrew Lintner Harris and was one of the many dining facilities located on the campus at Miami University in Oxford, Ohio. Since 1961, it was the main all-you-can-eat dining hall for undergraduate students who live on the southern side of the campus. The dining hall was closed after the spring semester of the 2016/2017 school year and it is unknown whether it will reopen. Harris was designed like most other buildings on campus in red brick and with a Georgian Revival architectural style.

Oxford, Ohio
Oxford is a city in Butler County, Ohio, United States. The population was 23,035 at the 2020 census. A college town, Oxford was founded in 1810 to serve as the home of Miami University. The city lies in southwestern Ohio roughly 4 miles (6.4 km) from the Indiana–Ohio border, approximately 30 miles (48 km) northwest of Cincinnati and 35 miles (56 km) southwest of Dayton.
Hexachloride
A hexachloride is a compound or ion that contains six chlorine atoms or ions. It is the highest chloride that an element can form. Common hexachlorides include:

Molybdenum hexachloride, MoCl6

Tungsten hexachloride, WCl6

Rhenium hexachloride, ReCl6

Uranium hexachloride, UCl6

Some hexachloroanions are also known:

Hexachloroaluminate [AlCl6]3−

Hexachloroarsenate(V) [AsCl6]−

Hexachlorocuprate(II) [CuCl6]4−

Hexachlorogermanate(IV) [GeCl6]2−

Hexachlorophosphate(V) [PCl6]−

Hexachloroplatinate(IV) [PtCl6]2−

Hexachlorothallate(III) [TlCl6]3−

Uranium hexachloride
Uranium hexachloride is the inorganic compound with the formula UCl6.  It features uranium in the +6 oxidation state. UCl6 hydrolyzes readily but is stable under inert atmosphere. It is soluble in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4).  It is a multi-luminescent dark green or black solid with a vapor pressure between 1-3 mmHg at 373.15 K.
David Lefkowitz
David Lefkowitz (April 11, 1875 – June 5, 1955) was a rabbi who led Temple Emanu-El in Dallas, Texas from 1920 to 1949, after having worked at Temple Israel in Dayton, Ohio. He opposed the rise of the Ku Klux Klan, which had been revived in 1915; it was strongly opposed to immigrants from eastern and southern Europe who were Jews and Catholics. He was a Founding Executive Committee Member of the Dayton Branch of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).

He and his wife Sadie Braham (July 21, 1879 – February 21, 1955) bequeathed their collection to the Perkins School of Theology, which houses the "Sadie and David Lefkowitz Collection of Judaica". Sadie Lefkowitz was also active in the National Association of Temple Sisterhoods. A Mason, Rabbi Lefkowitz continued to attend meetings knowing that Klansmen were present. He discussed incidents of violence to convince other members that the Klan was inhibiting the progress of their booming city.

Perkins School of Theology
Perkins School of Theology is one of Southern Methodist University's three original schools and is located in Dallas, Texas. The theology school was renamed in 1945 to honor benefactors Joe J. and Lois Craddock Perkins of Wichita Falls, Texas. Degree programs include the Master of Divinity (M.Div.), Master of Sacred Music, Master of Theological Studies (MTS), Master of Arts in Ministry, Master of Theology (Th.M.), Doctor of Ministry (D.Min.), and Doctor of Pastoral Music as well as the Ph.D., in cooperation with The Graduate Program in Religious Studies at SMU’s Dedman College of Humanities and Sciences. It is one of only five university-related theological institutions of the United Methodist Church, and one of the denomination's 13 seminaries, offering opportunities for interdisciplinary learning, and accredited by the Association of Theological Schools (ATS). There is a hybrid-extension program in Houston-Galveston.
Homer Bliss
Homer Clisson Bliss (August 16, 1904 – April 1970) was an American professional football player for the Chicago Cardinals. He attended Washington & Jefferson College, where he played center for the football team.  When he graduated in 1927, The Pittsburgh Press said that he was "likely to be the worst-missed player in years."

The Pittsburgh Press
The Pittsburgh Press, formerly The Pittsburg Press and originally The Evening Penny Press, was a major afternoon daily newspaper published in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, for over a century, from 1884 to 1992. At the height of its popularity, the Press was the second-largest newspaper in Pennsylvania behind The Philadelphia Inquirer. For four years starting in 2011, the brand was revived and applied to an afternoon online edition of the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette.
Paris's 21st constituency (1958–1986)
Paris's 21st constituency was one of the French National Assembly constituencies for the city of Paris in the period 1958 to 1986.: 9382  When it was created it was one of the 55 constituencies in the Seine department (31 for the city of Paris, 24 for its banlieues); from 1968 it was part of the Paris department.

It was represented by Henri Karcher, Bernard Lepeu, Paul Stehlin, and Gilbert Gantier.

The constituency was abolished for the 1986 election, which used proportional representation. The 1986 redistricting of French legislative constituencies subsequently created 21 new constituencies of Paris, however with different boundaries. The 1988–2012 21st constituency is on the East of the city.

1986 redistricting of French legislative constituencies
On 24 November 1986, a law was passed in France establishing the eleventh electoral division of French legislative constituencies. These constituency boundaries were used without any modification for national elections from 1988 to 2007. In 2010, these constituencies were abolished and new boundaries were used from the 2012 election.
Tuuri
Tuuri is a village in Töysä, since 2013 part of Alavus, a town of Finland. It is located in the province of Western Finland and is part of the South Ostrobothnia region. The village has a population of 500. In Modern Finnish the appellative tuuri means 'luck'.

The village is known for the second biggest department store in Finland, Veljekset Keskinen. The massive golden horseshoe erected over the shopping mall stands at number three in Reuters' list of world's ugliest buildings and monuments.

Regions of Finland
Finland is divided into 19 regions (Finnish: maakunta; Swedish: landskap)
which are governed by regional councils that serve as forums of cooperation for the municipalities of each region. The councils are composed of delegates from the municipal councils. The main tasks of regional councils are regional planning, the development of enterprises, and education. Between 2004 and 2012, the regional council of Kainuu was elected via popular elections as part of an experimental regional administration.

In 2022, new Wellbeing services counties were established as part of a health care and social services reform. The wellbeing services counties follow the regional borders, and are governed by directly elected county councils.
Southdown, Cornwall
50°21′11″N 4°12′32″W﻿ / ﻿50.353°N 4.209°W﻿ / 50.353; -4.209

Southdown is a coastal village in south-east Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is situated on the banks of the Hamoaze east of Millbrook on the Rame Peninsula, about five miles (8 km) south of Saltash.

Southdown Quay was originally built as a naval victualling yard and later became a brickworks. The quay is now the home of Southdown Marina.

Saltash
Saltash (Cornish: Essa) is a town and civil parish in eastern Cornwall, England. Saltash faces the city of Plymouth over the River Tamar and is popularly known as "the Gateway to Cornwall". Saltash’s landmarks include the Tamar Bridge which connects Plymouth to Cornwall by road, and the Royal Albert Bridge. At the 2021 census the population of the parish was 16,288 and the population of the built up area was 15,435.
Manahoac
The Manahoac, also recorded as Mahock, were a Indigenous people of the Northeastern Woodlands, who lived in northern Virginia at the time of European contact. They spoke a Siouan language and numbered approximately 1,000.

They lived primarily along the Rappahannock River west of present-day Fredericksburg and the Fall Line, and east of the Blue Ridge Mountains. They merged with the Monacan, the Occaneechi, the Saponi and the Tutelo. They disappeared from the historical record after 1728.

John Lederer
John Lederer was a 17th-century German physician and an explorer of the Appalachian Mountains. He and the members of his party became the first Europeans to crest the Blue Ridge Mountains (1669) and the first to see the Shenandoah Valley and the Allegheny Mountains beyond. A map documenting his discoveries was integral to subsequent understanding of the interior.
John Gunderson
John Gunderson (born May 1, 1980) is an American former mixed martial artist who used to fight with the UFC. He was once a top-ten lightweight outside the UFC. Gunderson is also an International Fight League veteran who fought out of Ken Shamrock's Lion's Den and was a member of the Nevada Lions alongside The Ultimate Fighter: Heavyweights winner Roy Nelson. He is currently training with Xtreme Couture and TapouT.

International Fight League
The International Fight League was an American mixed martial arts (MMA) promotion billed as the world's first MMA league. It was founded on January 7, 2006, and closed on July 31, 2008. Instead of the established norm for MMA events, where matchups are strictly one-on-one affairs, each IFL card was a showdown between two camps of at least three fighters, each fighter fighting one match against another in the opposing camps.
Ijebu East
Ijebu EastListenⓘ is a Local Government Area in Ogun State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Ogbere on the A121 highwayat6°44′N 4°10′E﻿ / ﻿6.733°N 4.167°E﻿ / 6.733; 4.167.

Ijebu East is the largest LGA by area in Ogun State, with an area of 2,234 km2 and a population of 110,196 at the 2006 census. Some of the major towns in the LGA include Ijebu Itele, Ijebu Ife, Imobi, Ijebu Imushin and Ogbere where the LGA's secretariat is located.

The postal code of the area is 120.

A121 highway (Nigeria)
The A121 highway is located  in Nigeria. It is one of the east-west roads linking the main south-north roads. It is named from the two highways it links.

The A1 highway at Shagamu, in Ogun State connects to the A2 highway at Benin City, Edo State. The town of Ijebu Ode is on this road.
Jordyn Holzberger
Jordyn Holzberger (born 27 August 1993) is an Australian field hockey player.

Holzberger was born in Ipswich, Queensland, and made her senior international debut in a test series against Korea in March 2012.

Holzberger was part of the Australian team that won silver at the 2018 Commonwealth Games held in Gold Coast, Australia.

Hockey at the 2018 Commonwealth Games
Field hockey at the 2018 Commonwealth Games was held on the Gold Coast, Australia from 5 to 14 April. The hockey competition was held at the Gold Coast Hockey Centre. This is the sixth time that the hockey competition was held, following the sport's debut at the 1998 Games.
Vorder Glärnisch
The Vorder Glärnisch (lit. 'Anterior Glärnisch') is a mountain of the Schwyzer Alps, overlooking the valley of the Linth above the town of Glarus  in the canton of Glarus, Switzerland. Its summit is at 2,327 metres (7,635 ft) above sea level.

It lies north-east of the higher Glärnisch (2,914 m [9,560 ft]). Unlike its higher neighbour, the Vorder Glärnisch can be ascended via a trail, which is on its north-west side.

Glarus
Glarus (Swiss Standard German: [ˈɡlaːrʊs] ⓘ; Alemannic German: Glaris; French: Glaris [ɡlaʁis]; Italian: Glarona; Romansh: Glaruna) is the capital of the canton of Glarus in Switzerland. Since 1 January 2011, the municipality of Glarus incorporates the former municipalities of Ennenda, Netstal and Riedern.

Glarus lies on the river Linth between the foot of the Glärnisch (part of the Schwyzer Alps) to the west and the Schilt (Glarus Alps) to the east. Very few buildings built before the fire of 1861 remain. Wood, textile, and plastics, as well as printing, are the dominant industries. The symbol of the city is the neo-Romanesque city church.
Ulashkivtsi
Ulashkivtsi (Ukrainian: Улашківці; Polish: Ułaszkowce; Yiddish: לאַשקעוויץ, romanized: Lashkevitz; Hebrew: אולאשקובצה, romanized: 'Ulashkovtse) is a village located at the Seret River in Chortkiv Raion (district) of Ternopil Oblast (province in western Ukraine. It belongs to Nahirianka rural hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Pop. 1,145.

Seret (river)
The Seret (Ukrainian: Серет) is the left tributary of the Dniester that flows through the Ternopil Oblast of Ukraine. It is 248 kilometres (154 mi) long and its basin area is 3,900 square kilometres (1,506 sq mi). The towns of Ternopil, Terebovlia and Chortkiv sit along the river's banks. Some of the bloodiest fighting of World War I took place on the banks of the Seret.
Giles Conservation Park
Giles Conservation Park is a protected area in the Australian state of South Australia located approximately 10 km (6.2 mi) east of the state capital of Adelaide.  It was declared in 2007 and has an area of 109 ha (270 acres).  Previously, the land was the eastern portion of the Horsnell Gully Conservation Park.  It was named after the family of Charles Giles, who is reported as being a pioneer in the fields of horticulture and floriculture in South Australia.

The conservation park features remnant native vegetation and native animals such as western grey kangaroos and koalas.  It features one walking trail that is part of the Mount Lofty to Norton Summit portion of the Heysen and  Yurrebilla trails.  The official brochure suggests that the conservation park offers "excellent opportunities for bushwalking, birdwatching, photography, painting and nature study".

The conservation park is classified as an IUCN Category III protected area.

Mount Lofty
Mount Lofty (34°58′S 138°42′E﻿ / ﻿34.967°S 138.700°E﻿ / -34.967; 138.700, elevation 710 m (2,330 ft) AHD) is the highest point in the southern Mount Lofty Ranges. It is located about 15 km (9.3 mi) east of the Adelaide city centre, within the Cleland National Park in the Adelaide Hills area of South Australia.

The mountain's summit has panoramic views of the city and the Adelaide plains to the west, and of the Picadilly Valley to the east. It is also popular destination for international tourists, as well as for cyclists coming up the old Mount Barker Road through Eagle on the Hill, and for walkers from Waterfall Gully. During winter, hail and sleet regularly occur on the mountain, and occasionally small dustings of light snow.
Daniel Cremers
Daniel Cremers (born 1971) is a German computer scientist, Professor of Informatics and Mathematics and Chair of Computer Vision & Artificial Intelligence at the Technische Universität München. His research foci are computer vision, mathematical image, partial differential equations, convex and combinatorial optimization, machine learning and statistical inference.

Statistical inference
Statistical inference is the process of using data analysis to infer properties of an underlying probability distribution. Inferential statistical analysis infers properties of a population, for example by testing hypotheses and deriving estimates. It is assumed that the observed data set is sampled from a larger population.

Inferential statistics can be contrasted with descriptive statistics. Descriptive statistics is solely concerned with properties of the observed data, and it does not rest on the assumption that the data come from a larger population. In machine learning, the term inference is sometimes used instead to mean "make a prediction, by evaluating an already trained model"; in this context inferring properties of the model is referred to as training or learning (rather than inference), and using a model for prediction is referred to as inference (instead of prediction); see also predictive inference.
Bang Eun-hee
Bang Eun-hee (Korean: 방은희; born Bang Min-seo on May 7, 1967) is a South Korean actress. Bang made her acting debut in 1988, and rose to fame after being cast as the lead actress in Im Kwon-taek's General's Son (1990). She has starred in films and television dramas such as The Day a Pig Fell into the Well (1996), No. 3 (1997), 3PM Paradise Bath House (1997), Shadows of an Old Love (1998), Legend of Hyang Dan (2007), Daebak Life (2008), and All My Love (2010).

Bang married Kim Nam-hee, founder and CEO of NH Media, on September 9, 2010. As of 2016, she is now represented by the agency.

General's Son
General's Son (Korean: 장군의 아들; RR: Janggunui adeul) is a 1990 South Korean crime film directed by Im Kwon-taek. It stars Park Sang-min as Kim Du-han, a gangster who discovers that he is the son of General Kim Jwa-jin. The film is the first in a trilogy, followed by General's Son II (1991) and General's Son III (1992).

General's Son was the most highly attended film in South Korea in both 1990 and 1991.