hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Turkish State Cemetery
The Turkish State Cemetery (Turkish: Devlet Mezarlığı) is a national and military cemetery in Ankara, Turkey, containing the graves of the presidents of Turkey and the high-ranked, close companions-in-arms of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder of the Republic of Turkey, in the Turkish War of Independence.

Mareşal (Turkey)
Mareşal (transl. Marshal) is the highest rank in the Turkish Land Forces and Turkish Air Force. It is the equivalent of a field marshal in other countries.

The rank of Mareşal can trace its origins to the Ottoman Empire, where the rank of Mushir (Arabic: مشير) was bestowed upon senior commanders upon order of the ruling Sultan.

The word mariscalcus in Latin, had parts from the old-German words meaning horse and servant.

The rank of Mareşal can only be bestowed by the National Assembly, and only given to a general who leads an army, and/or air force with an extraordinary success in battle gaining a victory over the enemy.

The corresponding rank in the Turkish Navy is Büyük amiral.
Listed buildings in Heathylee
Heathylee is a civil parish in the district of Staffordshire Moorlands, Staffordshire, England. It contains eleven listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. All the listed buildings are designated at Grade II, the lowest of the three grades, which is applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest".  The parish contains the village of Upper Hulme, and is otherwise rural.  The listed buildings consist of a house and farmhouses, a former sawmill, a public house, and five mileposts, four of them along the A54 road.

A54 road
The A54 road is a road in England linking Tarvin in Cheshire with Buxton in Derbyshire. Its route through both urban and steep rural areas presented a challenge to Cheshire East Council in maintaining the safety of the road. Many years ago it was the main east–west route in Cheshire. The importance of the A54 through Middlewich and Winsford decreased in the 1970s and 1980s with the building of the M56 motorway and dualling of the A556 at Northwich. The section through Winsford carries approximately 30,000 vehicles per day.
Canada Education Savings Grant
The Canada Education Savings Grant (French: Subvention canadienne pour l’épargne-études, CESG) is part of a Government of Canada program, administered through Employment and Social Development Canada, to assist with savings for Canadian children's higher education. Under the CESG program, the government will contribute an amount to a Registered Education Savings Plan (RESP) according to a formula which is dependent on the amount contributed and the income level of the family making the contributions. As of 1 July 2005, the CESG is legislated by the Canada Education Savings Act.

Employment and Social Development Canada
Employment and Social Development Canada (ESDC; French: Emploi et Développement social Canada; EDSC) is a department of the Government of Canada responsible for social programs and the labour market at the federal level. The department delivers a number of federal government programs and services including Employment Insurance (EI), Service Canada centres, Canada Student Loan Program (CSLP), Canada Pension Plan (CPP), issuing social insurance numbers (SIN) and the federal Labour Program among other things.

Employment and Social Development Canada is part of the membership of the Inter-American Conference on Social Security, a technical and specialized international organization, which has the objective of promoting the development of social protection and security in America.
Geum japonicum
Geum japonicum, known as Asian herb bennet, is a yellow-flowering perennial plant native to North America and East Asia, especially Japan.  It may be synonymous with Geum macrophyllum, the North American flower. As a traditional herbal remedy it is known as an astringent and used in poultices. However, in recent years, the Thunberg variant has received attention for other possible medical uses.

With regard to muscular recovery, an extract has been found to help muscles recover following "severe injury", to reduce myocardial infarct size by 35–45% when administered following a heart attack. It also has possible anti-viral properties, including action against HIV and HSV. Action against tumors has also been noted.

Infarction
Infarction is tissue death (necrosis) due to inadequate blood supply to the affected area. It may be caused by artery blockages, rupture, mechanical compression, or vasoconstriction. The resulting lesion is referred to as an infarct (from the Latin infarctus, "stuffed into").
Castles II: Siege and Conquest
Castles II: Siege and Conquest is a 1992 real-time strategy game developed by Quicksilver Software and published by Interplay Productions for MS-DOS. Castles II is the sequel to the 1991 game Castles. Ports for the Amiga CD32, FM Towns, NEC PC-9801 were released in 1993. The DOS CD-ROM version and Macintosh port were released in 1994. The Macintosh version of the game was published by Interplay's MacPlay brand name. GOG.com released an emulated version for Microsoft Windows in 2008.

Amiga CD32
The Amiga CD32 is a home video game console developed by Commodore as part of the Amiga line, as well as the final hardware to be developed by the company. Released in September 1993 in Europe, Australia, Canada, and Brazil, it was marketed as the "first" 32-bit games console and is essentially a keyboard-less Amiga 1200 personal computer without the I/O ports, but with the addition of a CD-ROM drive in place of floppy and a modified Advanced Graphics Architecture chipset for improved graphical performance.

Unlike Commodore's CDTV released two years prior, the CD32 was designed specifically as a games machine. The majority of CD32 game software were ports of existing Amiga 1200 or Amiga 500 titles, and many did not take advantage of CD capabilities like CD music or full-motion video. While its sales in European markets were average, the console was withdrawn from sale after only a short time as Commodore filed for bankruptcy in April 1994.
Warspite, Alberta
Warspite is a hamlet in Alberta, Canada within Smoky Lake County. It is located on Highway 28, between the Town of Smoky Lake and Village of Waskatenau. It has an elevation of 655 metres (2,149 ft).

The hamlet is located in Census Division No. 12 and in the federal riding of Westlock-St. Paul.

Westlock—St. Paul
Westlock—St. Paul (briefly known as Battle River) was a federal electoral district in Alberta, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 2004 to 2015. It included Westlock County, Sturgeon County, Thorhild County, Smoky Lake County, the County of St. Paul No. 19, and the Municipal District of Bonnyville No. 87. Following the Canadian federal electoral redistribution, 2012 this riding was abolished into Lakeland (35%), Sturgeon River—Parkland (32%), Fort McMurray—Cold Lake (20%), Peace River—Westlock (13%), and a small section outside of St. Albert being transferred to St. Albert—Edmonton.
Music Instructor
Music Instructor was a German electro-dance music project. The producers and songwriters of Music Instructor were Mike Michaels, Mark "MM" Dollar, and Mark Tabak, also known as Triple-M Crew. Triple-M has also produced other artists and bands such as Brainbug, Flying Steps, Mystica, Highland, The Boyz, Overground, Before Four, US5 and Ayman.  Music Instructor often worked with many other artists, especially a group Lunatics and a breakdance crew Flying Steps, and was most active in the late 1990s and early 2000s.

US5
US5 was a multinational pop boy band. The band originated in 2005 on the German RTL II television reality show Big in America and debuted in June of the same year on Lou Pearlman’s Transcontinental label. US5 became successful throughout central Europe with their first album Here We Go and with several hit records thereafter.
Blue Route Mall
Blue Route Mall (often referred to as simply Blue Route) is a shopping mall situated in the predominantly residential neighborhood of Tokai, in the Southern Suburbs region of Cape Town, South Africa.

Blue Route is one of Cape Town's oldest malls, having opened in the 1970s. It was completely rebuilt in 2012, to create a more modern, functional mall, based on community needs.

The mall features 137 stores, including a variety of restaurants and take-out chains, as well as both covered and uncovered parking totaling 3,000 bays. It is easily accessed by the nearby M3 freeway, and M4 road.

Checkers (supermarket chain)
Checkers is a South African supermarket retailer owned by sister retailer and discount chain Shoprite. Founded in 1956 by Norman Hertz Herber, the chain operates across Southern Africa.

In 2025, Checkers had 661 stores across South Africa, Botswana, and Namibia. The chain focuses on offering groceries to middle and high income consumers through its Checkers and FreshX store formats respectively.
Percy Bird
Percy John Bird (27 May 1877 — 11 November 1942) was an English first-class cricketer.

The son of James Binfield Bird, he was born on the Isle of Wight at Northwood in May 1877. He was educated at Cheltenham College, where he played for the cricket eleven. A prominent figure in local cricket on the Isle of Wight, Bird made a single appearance in first-class cricket for Hampshire against Somerset at Southampton in the 1900 County Championship. Batting twice in the match, he was dismissed for 9 runs in Hampshire's first innings by George Gill, while following-on in their second innings he was dismissed for 28 runs by the same bowler. Outside of cricket, he was a well known figure in racing and yachting circles on the Isle of Wight. He died suddenly there at Freshwater Bay in November 1942.

1900 County Championship
The 1900 County Championship was the 11th officially organised running of the County Championship, and ran from 7 May to 1 September 1900. Yorkshire County Cricket Club won their fourth championship title, remaining unbeaten throughout the season. Lancashire finished as runners-up, their best position since winning the Championship in 1897.
Tina Chen
Tina Chen (Chinese: 陳婷; pinyin: Chén Tíng; born November 2, 1943) is a Chinese-American stage, film, and television actress, director, and producer, who starred in the films Alice's Restaurant, Three Days of the Condor, and The Hawaiians. She has been nominated for Golden Globe, Emmy, and Drama Desk awards.

Passion Play (play)
Passion Play is a 1981 play by British playwright Peter Nichols dealing with adultery and betrayal, unusual in that the two leading characters are each portrayed by two actors for public speech and private thoughts.

It was originally intended to open the Royal Shakespeare Company's new Barbican Theatre but was produced by them at the London's Aldwych Theatre in 1981.

It was revived at the Leicester Haymarket Theatre in 1984 before transferring to Wyndham's Theatre, at the Donmar Warehouse in 2000 before transferring to the Comedy Theatre, and at the Duke of York's Theatre in 2013.
Ring Round the Moon
Ring Round the Moon is a 1950 adaptation by the English dramatist Christopher Fry of Jean Anouilh's Invitation to the Castle (1947). Peter Brook commissioned Fry to adapt the play and the first production of Ring Round the Moon was given at the Globe Theatre. The production starred Paul Scofield, Claire Bloom and Margaret Rutherford.

Angela Thorne
Angela Margaret Leslie Thorne (25 January 1939 – 16 June 2023) was a British actress of stage, television and film having performed roles in World in Ferment (1969), Get Some In! (1976), Midsomer Murders, Foyle's War, Heartbeat, The BFG (1989) as the voice of the Queen, Three Up, Two Down, and Lassie (2005).

However, she was probably best known for playing Marjory Frobisher in To the Manor Born (1979–2007), and for playing Margaret Thatcher in Anyone for Denis?, initially at the Whitehall Theatre in 1981 (for which she was nominated for Best Comedy Performance at the 1981 Laurence Olivier Awards) and subsequently for the video release.
Phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging
Phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI) is a specific type of magnetic resonance imaging used primarily to determine flow velocities. PC-MRI can be considered a method of Magnetic Resonance Velocimetry. It also provides a method of magnetic resonance angiography. Since modern PC-MRI is typically time-resolved, it provides a means of 4D imaging (three spatial dimensions plus time).

Velocity
Velocity is a measurement of speed in a certain direction of motion. It is a fundamental concept in kinematics, the branch of classical mechanics that describes the motion of physical objects. Velocity is a vector quantity, meaning that both magnitude and direction are needed to define it (velocity vector). The scalar absolute value (magnitude) of velocity is called speed, a quantity that is measured in metres per second (m/s or m⋅s−1) in the SI (metric) system. For example, "5 metres per second" is a scalar, whereas "5 metres per second east" is a vector. If there is a change in speed, direction or both, then the object is said to be undergoing an acceleration.
Buntun Bridge
17°36′49″N 121°41′29″E﻿ / ﻿17.61361°N 121.69139°E﻿ / 17.61361; 121.69139

The Buntun Bridge (Itawit: Talletay ta Buntun; Ilocano: Rangtáy ti Buntun; Filipino: Tulay ng Buntun) is a river bridge that stretches from Tuguegarao City to Solana in Cagayan and spans the Cagayan River, the largest river basin in the Philippines. It forms part of the Santiago–Tuguegarao Road (designated as N51 by the Department of Public Works and Highways highway routing system), a major junction of the Pan-Philippine Highway. It was the longest bridge in the Philippines upon its opening in 1969, surpassed in 1973 by the San Juanico Bridge.

A popular belief is that the bridge is long enough for a person to recite the entire Philippine National Anthem while traversing.

Itawis language
Itawis (also Itawit or Tawit as the endonym) is a Northern Philippine language spoken by the Itawis people, closely related to the Gaddang speech found in Isabela and Nueva Vizcaya.  It also has many similarities to the neighboring Ibanag tongue, while remaining quite different from the prevalent Ilocano spoken in the region and the Tagalog-based Filipino national language.
National Software Testing Laboratories
National Software Testing Laboratories (NSTL) was established by serial entrepreneur Joseph Segel in 1983 to test computer software.  The company provides certification (such as WHQL and Microsoft Windows Mobile certification), quality assurance, and benchmarking services. NSTL was acquired by Intertek in 2007.

WHQL Testing
The Windows Hardware Certification program (formerly Windows Hardware Quality Labs Testing, WHQL Testing, or Windows Logo Testing) is Microsoft's testing process which involves running a series of tests on third-party device drivers, and then submitting the log files from these tests to Microsoft for review. The procedure may also include Microsoft running their own tests on a wide range of equipment, such as different hardware and different Microsoft Windows editions.
Sudesh Kumar Subba
Sudesh Kumar Subba is an Indian politician from Sikkim belonging from the Sikkim Krantikari Morcha. He is a member of the Legislative Assembly in the 11th Sikkim Legislative Assembly. He won over SDF's Tika Ram Chettri with 6039 votes.

Sikkim Krantikari Morcha
Sikkim Krantikari Morcha (translation: Sikkim Revolutionary Front) is a political party in the Indian state of Sikkim which is the ruling party of Sikkim since 2019.

P.S. Golay, a member of the Sikkim Legislative Assembly, was one of the prominent figures of the Sikkim Democratic Front (SDF) and was a minister in the government of Sikkim. Since December 2009 he has been a vocal critic of Pawan Kumar Chamling, the President of the SDF and the former chief minister of Sikkim. He started the party Sikkim Krantikari Morcha on 4 February 2013. Golay became the Chief Minister of Sikkim on 28 May 2019, thus ending Chamling’s 25-year-rule. In the 2024 general elections the Sikkim Krantikari Morcha party won a landslide victory of 31 seats out of 32; in July 2024 the sole MLA of the opposition Sikkim Democratic Front, Tenzing Norbu Lamtha defected to Sikkim Krantikari Morcha, resulting in the Sikkim Legislative Assembly having no opposition.
La Défense religieuse et sociale
La Défense sociale et religieuse was a Catholic French newspaper, founded in May 1876 under the patronage of Bishop Dupanloup and discontinued in 1887.

La Défense opposed the anticlericalism of the republican elites of the Third Republic but adopted the moderate stance of its founder and thus was classified among moderate Catholic newspapers.

Anti-clericalism
Anti-clericalism is opposition to religious authority, typically in social or political matters. Historically, anti-clericalism in Christian traditions has been opposed to the influence of Catholicism.

Some have opposed clergy on the basis of moral corruption, institutional issues and/or disagreements in religious interpretation, such as during the Protestant Reformation. Anti-clericalism became extremely violent during the French Revolution, because revolutionaries claimed the church played a pivotal role in the systems of oppression which led to it. Many clerics were killed, and French revolutionary governments tried to put priests under the control of the state by making them employees.

Anti-clericalism appeared in Catholic Europe throughout the 19th century, in various forms, and later in Canada, Cuba, and Latin America.
Thomas Baskerville Mynors Baskerville
Thomas Baskerville Mynors Baskerville (9 April 1790 – 9 September 1864) was a British Conservative politician.

Baskerville was elected Conservative Member of Parliament for Herefordshire at the 1841 general election and held the seat until 1847 when he did not seek re-election.

Herefordshire (UK Parliament constituency)
The county constituency of Herefordshire, in the West Midlands of England bordering on Wales, was abolished when the county was divided for parliamentary purposes in 1885. It was a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of England, then of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1885.

The undivided county was represented from 1290 by two Knights of the Shire until 1832 and three thereafter. After the county was split two new county constituencies were created, the North division or Leominster and the South division or Ross.
1955 Mexican legislative election
Legislative elections were held in Mexico on 4 July 1955. They were first federal elections in which women were able to vote after President Adolfo Ruiz Cortines introduced unrestricted citizenship for women on 17 October 1953, meeting one of his main campaign promises. As a result, the electorate increased from around five million in 1952 to nine million in 1955.

The Institutional Revolutionary Party won 153 of the 162 seats in the Chamber of Deputies. The National Action Party (PAN) won six, the Popular Party (PP) won two, and one seat was won by the Nationalist Party of Mexico (PNM).

The opposition deputies were elected in the following districts:

PAN: Chihuahua's 3rd, the Federal District's 3rd, the Federal District's 9th, the Federal District's 17th, Morelos's 1st and Oaxaca's 6th.

PP: Durango's 3rd and the State of Mexico's 3rd.

PNM: the State of Mexico's 1st.

3rd federal electoral district of the State of Mexico
The 3rd federal electoral district of the State of Mexico (Spanish: Distrito electoral federal 03 del Estado de México) is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of 40 such districts in the State of Mexico.

It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the fifth region.

The current member for the district, elected in the 2024 general election, is Diana Castillo Gabino. Originally elected for the National Regeneration Movement (Morena), she switched allegiance to the Labour Party on 19 September 2024.
Revenue stamps of Bechuanaland
Bechuanaland first issued revenue stamps as Stellaland in 1884. 
Bechuanaland was split into British Bechuanaland and the Bechuanaland Protectorate. British Bechuanaland was added to the Cape Colony and the Bechuanaland Protectorate was governed from Mafeking until the seat of government was moved to Gaberone. The Bechuanaland Protectorate, now known as Botswana, continued to issue revenue stamps until 1976.

Revenue stamp
A revenue stamp, tax stamp, duty stamp or fiscal stamp is a (usually) adhesive label used to designate collected taxes or fees on documents, tobacco, alcoholic drinks, drugs and medicines, playing cards, hunting licenses, firearm registration, and many other things.  Typically, businesses purchase the stamps from the government (thereby paying the tax), and attach them to taxed items as part of putting the items on sale, or in the case of documents, as part of filling out the form.

Revenue stamps often look very similar to postage stamps, and in some countries and time periods it has been possible to use postage stamps for revenue purposes, and vice versa. Some countries also issued dual-purpose postage and revenue stamps.
Lake Kawaupaka
Lake Kawaupaka, also known as Lake Kawaupaku, is a small lake near Te Henga (Bethells Beach) in the Auckland Region of New Zealand. The lake is on private land, and is one of the few dune lakes in the region to be surrounded by native forest.  It is located south-west of Lake Wainamu.

Auckland Region
Auckland (Māori: Tāmaki Makaurau) is one of the 16 regions of New Zealand, which takes its name from the eponymous urban area. The region encompasses the Auckland metropolitan area, smaller towns, rural areas, and the islands of the Hauraki Gulf. Containing 34 percent of the nation's residents, it has by far the largest population and economy of any region of New Zealand, but the second-smallest land area.

On 1 November 2010, the Auckland region became a unitary authority administered by the Auckland Council, replacing the previous regional council and seven local councils. In the process, an area in its southeastern corner was transferred to the neighbouring Waikato region. Since then, the Auckland Council has introduced a system of local boards to divide the region for local government.
2000 Abierto Mexicano Pegaso – Doubles
Jiří Novák and David Rikl were the last champions in 1998. None competed this year.

Byron Black and Donald Johnson won the title by defeating qualifiers Gastón Etlis and Martín Rodríguez 6–3, 7–5 in the final.

Martín Rodríguez (tennis)
Martín Rodríguez (Latin American Spanish: [maɾˈtin roˈðɾiɣes]; born 18 December 1969) is a former professional tennis player from Argentina. Rodríguez turned professional in 1991. He reached his career-high singles ranking when he became World Number 71 on June 14, 1999. On 25 October 2004, he reached his career-high doubles rank, when he became World Number 15.

Rodríguez's coach was Horacio de la Peña. He currently resides in Buenos Aires.

After testing positive for an excessive amount of caffeine, Rodríguez forfeited prize money and ranking points from the 2002 ATP tournament in Basel.

Rodríguez is brother-in-law to Chilean former tennis player Jaime Fillol Jr., son-in-law of Jaime Fillol and, through his wife, is an uncle of Nicolás Jarry.