hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Glyncorrwg
Glyncorrwg is a village in the Afan Valley, in southern Wales.

Glyncorrwg is also the name of an electoral ward and formerly a community covering the village and surrounding countryside, in Neath Port Talbot county borough. Glyncorrwg is part of the community known as the Afan Valleys, which also contains the villages of Abergwynfi, Blaengwynfi, Croeserw, Cymmer, Abercregan, Duffryn and Glyncorwg itself. The population of the community of Glyncorrwg was recorded as 5,544 in the 2001 census, reducing to 5,283 at the 2011 census. The population of the Glyncorrwg electoral ward was 1,096 at the 2011 census.

Neath Port Talbot
Neath Port Talbot (Welsh: Castell-nedd Port Talbot) is a county borough in the south-west of Wales. Its principal towns are Neath, Port Talbot, Briton Ferry and Pontardawe. The county borough borders Bridgend County Borough and Rhondda Cynon Taf to the east, Powys and Carmarthenshire to the north; and Swansea to the west.

Neath Port Talbot is the eighth-most populous local authority area in Wales and the third most populous county borough. The population at the 2011 census was 139,812. The population in the coastal areas is mainly English-speaking, whereas in the valleys in the north of the borough there are many who are Welsh-speaking.
1962 Giro di Lombardia
The 1962 Giro di Lombardia was the 56th edition of the Giro di Lombardia cycle race and was held on 20 October 1962. The race started in Milan and finished in Como. The race was won by Jo de Roo of the Saint-Raphaël team.

Jo de Roo
Johan de Roo (born 5 July 1937) is a Dutch former professional road racing cyclist between 1958 and 1968. During 11 seasons as a professional he had six victories in single-day classics, three stages of the Tour de France and one stage of the Vuelta a España. He had 46 wins as a professional. He was the most successful rider from Zeeland until the emergence of Jan Raas.
Weird Revolution
Weird Revolution is the eighth studio album by the alternative rock band Butthole Surfers, released in 2001 on Surfdog Records and Hollywood Records. It is in large part a rerecorded version of an earlier album, tentatively entitled After the Astronaut, that was abandoned in 1998.

The initial release of this album featured a lenticular cover and jewel case that shows the baby's limbs moving and shooting a beam at other aircraft on the cover. The song "They Came In" was featured on the soundtrack to Mission: Impossible 2. The song "The Shame of Life" was featured in the trailer for Phone Booth. The song "Dracula From Houston" was featured in an episode of the NBC comedy series Scrubs and was featured in the surfing documentary Step into Liquid, a film by Dana Brown.

As of 2026, Weird Revolution remains the band's last album to date, except for "Live at the Leather Fly" which is a 2024 compilation of their tour.

Lenticular printing
Lenticular printing is a technology in which lenticular lenses (a technology also used for 3D displays) are used to produce printed images with an illusion of depth, or the ability to change or move as they are viewed from different angles.

Examples include flip and animation effects such as winking eyes, and modern advertising graphics whose messages change depending on the viewing angle. It can be used to create frames of animation, for a motion effect; offsetting the various layers at different increments, for a 3D effect; or simply to show sets of alternative images that appear to transform into each other.

Colloquial terms for lenticular prints include "flickers", "winkies", "wiggle pictures", and "tilt cards". The trademarks Vari-Vue and Magic Motion are often used for lenticular pictures, without regard to the actual manufacturer.
Torra di l'Osse
The Tower of l'Osse or Tower of Losso (Corsican: Torra di Losso) is a Genoese tower located in the commune of Cagnano (Haute-Corse) on the Corsica. The tower lies on the east coast of Cap Corse.

The construction of the tower was begun in March 1599. It was one of a series of coastal defences constructed by the Republic of Genoa between 1530 and 1620 to stem the attacks by Barbary pirates. In 1926 the tower was listed as one of the official historical monuments of France. The date of construction given in the database (1520) is incorrect.

Haute-Corse
Haute-Corse (French: [ot kɔʁs] ⓘ; Corsican: Corsica suprana [ˈkorsiɡa zuˈprana], Cismonte [tʃiˈzmɔnte] or Alta Corsica; English: Upper Corsica) is a department of France, consisting of the northern part of the island of Corsica. The corresponding departmental territorial collectivity merged with that of Corse-du-Sud on 1 January 2018, forming the single territorial collectivity of Corsica, with territorial elections coinciding with the dissolution of the separate councils. However, even though its administrative powers were ceded to the new territorial collectivity, it continues to remain an administrative department in its own right. In 2019, it had a population of 181,933.
Lodewijck van Ludick
Lodewijk van Ludick or Lodewijck van Ludick (11 November 1629 – buried 22 December 1724 ?) was a landscape painter from the Dutch Republic.

Ludick was born in Amsterdam as the son of a man of the same name who was not a painter, but was a friend of many painters, including Rembrandt. He is known for Italianate landscapes, sometimes copied from other painters, such as Jan Asselijn.

Ludick married in May 1657 to Cornelia Bosmans/Bosman. They baptized at least 11 children between 1658 and 1677, including two named Lodewijk in 1658 and 1659. Ludick died in Amsterdam, but the year of his death is uncertain. Several sources state that he died "before 1697", while persons with his name, both living on the Keizersgracht, are known to be buried in Amsterdam on 27 February 1723 and 22 December 1724.

Keizersgracht
The Keizersgracht (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈkɛizərsˌxrɑxt]; "Emperor's canal") is a canal in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. It is the second of the three main Amsterdam canals that together form the Grachtengordel, or canal belt, and lies between the inner Herengracht and outer Prinsengracht.
Hedda Østberg Amundsen
Hedda Østberg Amundsen (born 18 September 1998) is a Norwegian cross-country skier.

At the 2018 Junior World Championships she recorded an 11th place, a ninth place as well as a seventh place in the relay. She made her World Cup debut in December 2018 at Beitostølen and collected her first World Cup points with an 18th place at the 2019 Holmenkollen ski festival.

She represents the sports club Asker SK. She is the twin sister of Harald Østberg Amundsen.

Beitostølen
Beitostølen is a village in Øystre Slidre Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The village is located at an elevation of about 900 meters (3,000 ft) above mean sea level on the southern edge of the Valdresflye mountain plateau. The villages of Skammestein and Hegge lie about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) to the southeast of Beitostølen. The lake Øyangen lies a short distance to the southwest of the village. The Norwegian County Road 51 runs through the village.

The 1.08-square-kilometre (270-acre) village has a population (2024) of 342 and a population density of 317 inhabitants per square kilometre (820/sq mi).
Normal modal logic
In logic, a normal modal logic is a set L of modal formulas such that L contains:

All propositional tautologies;

All instances of the Kripke schema:

and it is closed under:

Detachment rule (modus ponens):  implies ;

Necessitation rule:  implies .

The smallest logic satisfying the above conditions is called K. Most modal logics commonly used nowadays (in terms of having philosophical motivations), e.g. C. I. Lewis's S4 and S5, are normal (and hence are extensions of K). However a number of deontic and epistemic logics, for example, are non-normal, often because they give up the Kripke schema.

Every normal modal logic is regular and hence classical.

Modus ponens
In propositional logic, modus ponens (/ˈmoʊdəs ˈpoʊnɛnz/; MP), also known as modus ponendo ponens (from Latin 'mode that by affirming affirms'), implication elimination, or affirming the antecedent, is a deductive argument form and rule of inference. It can be summarized as "P implies Q. P is true. Therefore, Q must also be true."

Modus ponens is a mixed hypothetical syllogism and is closely related to another valid form of argument, modus tollens. Both have apparently similar but invalid forms: affirming the consequent and denying the antecedent. Constructive dilemma is the disjunctive version of modus ponens.

The history of modus ponens goes back to antiquity. The first to explicitly describe the argument form modus ponens was Theophrastus. It, along with modus tollens, is one of the standard patterns of inference that can be applied to derive chains of conclusions that lead to the desired goal.
Healing environments
Healing environment, for healthcare buildings describes a physical setting and organizational culture that supports patients and families through the stresses imposed by illness, hospitalization, medical visits, the process of healing, and sometimes, bereavement. The concept implies that the physical healthcare environment can make a difference in how quickly the patient recovers from or adapts to specific acute and chronic conditions.

Patient
A patient is any recipient of health care services that are performed by healthcare professionals. The patient is most often ill or injured and in need of treatment by a physician, nurse, optometrist, dentist, veterinarian, or other health care provider.
Luther Maddy
Luther Maddy (born January 18, 1993) is a Haitian-born defensive tackle for the BC Lions of the Canadian Football League (CFL). He attended Atlantic High School in Delray Beach, Florida. He played college football at Virginia Tech and was drafted by the Lions in 2016.

Atlantic Community High School
Atlantic Community High School (also known as Atlantic and ATL and formerly called Seacrest High School) is a public high school located in Delray Beach, Florida, United States. It is part of the School District of Palm Beach County. Known for its academics, many students attend due to the school's International Baccalaureate program. In 2005, the school moved to its current location and added a freshman academy and a construction-oriented magnet program.
Diles Creek
Diles Creek is a stream in Randolph County, Arkansas and Oregon County, Missouri. It is a tributary of Eleven Point River.

The stream headwaters are located at 36°30′55″N 91°19′47″W﻿ / ﻿36.51528°N 91.32972°W﻿ / 36.51528; -91.32972 and the confluence with the Eleven Point River is at 36°27′12″N 91°10′52″W﻿ / ﻿36.45333°N 91.18111°W﻿ / 36.45333; -91.18111.

Diles Creek has the name of the local Diles family.

Randolph County, Arkansas
Randolph County is located between the Ozark Mountains and Arkansas Delta in the U.S. state of Arkansas. The county is named for John Randolph, a U.S. senator from Virginia influential in obtaining congressional approval of the Louisiana Purchase, which includes today's Randolph County. Created as Arkansas's 32nd county on October 29, 1835, Randolph County has six incorporated cities, including Pocahontas, the county seat and most populous city, Biggers, Maynard, O'Kean, Ravenden Springs, and Reyno. The county is also the site of numerous unincorporated communities and ghost towns.
Furnace, Carmarthenshire
Furnace (Welsh: Ffwrnes) is a village near the town of Llanelli in the county of Carmarthenshire, Wales. It is named after the furnace built by Alexander Raby before the village was established. The main furnace remains but is neglected and in ruin.

Before the name 'Ffwrnes' or 'Furnace' was evident, the small hamlet was called 'Cwmddyche'; this consisted of a few farmsteads and Bryn-y-môr house, which is Stradey Park Hotel today. The village is at the mouth of a valley in which the Afon Cille flows. Llyn Trebeddrod or Furnace Pond is also within the village boundaries, and was constructed as a reservoir to serve the furnaces.

It is under the authority of Carmarthenshire County Council and Llanelli Rural Council.

Metallurgical furnace
A metallurgical furnace is an industrial furnace used to heat, melt, or otherwise process metals. Furnaces have been a central piece of equipment throughout the history of metallurgy; processing metals with heat is even its own engineering specialty known as pyrometallurgy.

One important furnace application, especially in iron and steel production, is smelting, where metal ores are reduced under high heat to separate the metal content from mineral gangue. The heat energy to fuel a furnace may be supplied directly by fuel combustion or by electricity. Different processes and the unique properties of specific metals and ores have led to many different furnace types.
Scott Talley
Scott F. Talley (born June 25, 1976) is an American politician. He is a former member of the South Carolina Senate from the 12th District (Spartanburg), serving from 2016 to 2024. Previously, he served the 34th House District in the South Carolina House of Representatives. He is a member of the Republican party.

South Carolina Republican Party
The South Carolina Republican Party (SCGOP) is the state affiliate of the national Republican Party in South Carolina. It is one of two major political parties in the state, along with the South Carolina Democratic Party, and is the dominant party. Incumbent governor Henry McMaster, as well as senators Tim Scott and Lindsey Graham, are members of the Republican party. Graham has served since January 3, 2003, having been elected in 2002 and re-elected in 2008, 2014, and 2020; Tim Scott was appointed in 2013 by then-governor Nikki Haley, who is also a Republican.

Since 2003, every governor of South Carolina has been a Republican. Additionally, Republicans hold a super-majority in both chambers of the South Carolina General Assembly. In 2020, District 1, which was represented by Democrat Joe Cunningham, was won by Republican Nancy Mace; the party now represents six out of seven of the state's congressional districts.
Kevin O'Dwyer
Kevin O'Dwyer (born 1973 in Skibbereen, County Cork) is an Irish former Gaelic footballer. He played for his local club O'Donovan Rossa and was a member of the Cork senior inter-county team from 1995 until 2005.

Skibbereen
Skibbereen (/ˌskɪbəˈriːn/; Irish: An Sciobairín) is a town in County Cork, Ireland. It is located in West Cork on the N71 national secondary road. The River Ilen runs through the town; it reaches the sea about 12 kilometres away, at the seaside village of Baltimore. Located in a tourist area, Tragumna beach is nearby.

The town of Skibbereen, sometimes shortened to "Skibb", is in the Cork South-West Dáil constituency, which has three seats. As of the 2022 census, the population of the town was 2,903.
Tietze
Tietze is a German surname, sometimes also spelled Tieze.

Tietze (surname)

Also:

Named for German mathematician Heinrich Tietze:
Tietze extension theorem
Tietze's graph
Tietze transformation in mathematics, named after Heinrich Tietze

Tietze syndrome in medicine, named after Alexander Tietze

Heinrich Tietze
Heinrich Franz Friedrich Tietze (August 31, 1880 – February 17, 1964) was an Austrian mathematician, famous for the Tietze extension theorem on functions from topological spaces to the real numbers.  He also developed the Tietze transformations for group presentations, and was the first to pose the group isomorphism problem. Tietze's graph is also named after him; it describes the boundaries of a subdivision of the Möbius strip into six mutually-adjacent regions, found by Tietze as part of an extension of the four color theorem to non-orientable surfaces.
Marx's Ecology
Marx's Ecology (Full title: Marx's Ecology: Materialism and Nature) is a 2000 non-fiction book by American academic John Bellamy Foster. In it, Foster investigates the origins of materialism leading up to the works of the political theorist, economist, journalist, and revolutionary socialist, Karl Marx. In doing this, the argument is presented that far from the typical understanding of Marx as a promethean, he was strongly concerned with the environmental issues of his time, and many of his ideas had ecological components.

Prometheanism
Prometheanism is an environmentalist term popularized by the political theorist John Dryzek to describe a perspective which perceives the Earth as a resource whose utility is determined primarily by human needs and interests and whose environmental problems are overcome through human innovation. The term was introduced in Dryzek's work, The Politics of the Earth: Environmental Discourses (1997).  In contrast with other environmental perspectives, Prometheanism prioritizes human interests and needs over those of ecosystems (as with deep ecology) or the individual needs of creatures (as in eco-feminism).

In his 1992 book Green Delusions: An Environmentalist Critique of Radical Environmentalism, Martin Lewis offered one of the first systematic comparisons of how Promethean environmentalism differs from traditional Arcadian forms of environmentalism such as deep ecology.
Scuffler
A scuffler is a large bread cake. This word in Yorkshire dialect originates from the Pontefract, Featherstone and Castleford area of West Yorkshire. This bread is always baked in rounds, and scored so it can be torn into a roughly triangular shape once baked. It is similar to the Northumbrian stottie, but lighter.

Scufflers often have a small amount of flour on the top.

Featherstone
Featherstone is a town and civil parish in the City of Wakefield, West Yorkshire, England, two miles south-west of Pontefract. Historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, in 2011 it had a population of 15,244. Featherstone railway station is on the Pontefract Line.
Tom Kealey
Tom Kealey is an American writer, the author of the story collection Thieves I've Known, winner of the 2012 Flannery O'Connor Award and named as one of NPR's 2013 Great Reads. He is also the author of The Creative Writing MFA Handbook. His stories have appeared in The Rumpus, Best American NonRequired, Glimmer Train, Story Quarterly, and Poets and Writers.

Kealey is a Jones Lecturer at Stanford University, where he was a Stegner Fellow from 2001 to 2003. He received his MFA in creative writing from the University of Massachusetts Amherst, where he was awarded the Distinguished Teaching Award in 2001.

Glimmer Train
Glimmer Train was an American short story literary journal. It was published quarterly, accepting works primarily from emerging writers. Stories published in Glimmer Train were listed in The Best American Short Stories, as well as appearing in the Pushcart Prize, The PEN/O. Henry Prize Stories, and anthologies for New Stories from the Midwest, New Stories from the South, and Best American Short Stories. The journal held 12 short story fiction contests a year, paying out over $50,000 on an annual basis.
Plate trick
In mathematics and physics, the plate trick, also known as Dirac's string trick (after Paul Dirac, who introduced and popularized it), the belt trick, or the Balinese cup trick (it appears in the Balinese candle dance), is any of several demonstrations of the idea that rotating an object with strings attached to it by 360 degrees does not return the system to its original state, while a second rotation of 360 degrees, a total rotation of 720 degrees, does. Mathematically, it is a demonstration of the theorem that the 3D rotation group SO(3) is not simply connected but has a fundamental group of order 2; thus its double-cover SU(2) is simply connected. To say that SU(2) double-covers SO(3) essentially means that the unit quaternions represent the group of rotations twice over. A detailed, intuitive, yet semi-formal articulation can be found in the article on tangloids.

Simply connected space
In topology, a topological space is called simply connected (or 1-connected, or 1-simply connected) if it is path-connected and every path between two points can be continuously transformed into any other such path while preserving the two endpoints in question. Intuitively, this corresponds to a space that has no disjoint parts and no holes that go completely through it, because two paths going around different sides of such a hole cannot be continuously transformed into each other. The fundamental group of a topological space is an indicator of the failure for the space to be simply connected: a path-connected topological space is simply connected if and only if its fundamental group is trivial.
Damnation (comics)
Damnation is a comic book limited series written by Donny Cates and Nick Spencer, illustrated by Rod Reis, and published in 2018 as four monthly issues by Marvel Comics. It was the main story in a crossover event with some plot elements occurring in tie-in issues of related ongoing series also published by Marvel.

Crossover (fiction)
A crossover is the placement of two or more otherwise discrete fictional characters, settings, or universes into the context of a single story. They can arise from legal agreements between the relevant copyright holders (known as intercompany crossovers), common corporate ownership or unofficial efforts by fans.

This is different from a spoof, where one discrete character, setting, or universe, copies another character, setting, or universe, often in a comedic manner.
Alfredo Obviar
Alfredo María Obviar y Aranda (29 August 1889 – 1 October 1978) was a Filipino prelate of the Catholic Church and the founder of the Congregation of the Missionary Catechists of Saint Thérèse of the Infant Jesus. He was Bishop of Lucena until his death. His beatification process was opened in 2001 and Obviar was declared venerable by Pope Francis in 2018.

Lipa, Batangas
Lipa ([lɪˈpa]), officially the City of Lipa (Filipino: Lungsod ng Lipa), is a  component city in the province of Batangas, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 387,392 people.

It is the first city with a charter in the province and one of five cities in Batangas alongside Batangas City, Calaca, Santo Tomas, and Tanauan. It is located 78 kilometres (48 mi) south of Manila and is the most populous city of Batangas.

The Southern Tagalog Arterial Road (STAR) and South Luzon Expressway (SLEX) provide access to Batangas City and Metro Manila.
Edinburgh, South Australia
Edinburgh is an outer northern suburb of Adelaide, South Australia in the City of Salisbury. The suburb was created in 1997, on land straddling Penfield and Salisbury, that was compulsorily acquired by the Commonwealth Government in 1940 in order to manufacture munitions for the war effort during World War II, and later used for a number of defence-related establishments.

The suburb is dominated by the RAAF Base Edinburgh, but also includes the industrial precinct of Edinburgh Parks.

Australian home front during World War II
The Australian home front during World War II played a significant role in the Allied victory and led to permanent changes to Australian society.

During the war the Government of Australia greatly expanded its powers in order to better direct the war effort, and Australia's industrial and human resources were focused on supporting the Allied armed forces. While there were only a relatively small number of attacks on civilian targets, many Australians feared that the country would be invaded during the early years of the Pacific War. By 1942 the Americans under Douglas MacArthur were arriving in large numbers and used Australia as one base of operations against Japan. In foreign policy reliance on the United States replaced reliance on Britain.
Mylliem Assembly constituency
Mylliem is one of the 60 Legislative Assembly constituencies of Meghalaya state in India. It is part of East Khasi Hills district and is reserved for candidates belonging to the Scheduled Tribes. It falls under Shillong Lok Sabha constituency and its current MLA is Ronnie V. Lyngdoh of NPP.

National People's Party (India)
The National People's Party is a conservative national political party in India. It is mostly concentrated in Meghalaya. Founded by P. A. Sangma after his expulsion from the Nationalist Congress Party in July 2012, it was accorded national party status on 7 June 2019. It is the first political party from Northeast India to have attained this status.