hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Unode
Unode is a short form of underground node: a script or program that combines other programs for creating a decentralized anonymous encrypted communication network. Other programs include: Entropy, Mixmaster, GPG, NEWSPOST, plus Plugins for more.

Unode is a project to create a set of bash scripts to help Activists communicate without revealing their IP, or other personal data.

Some of these scripts are used to forward email lists to the newsgroup alt.activism.underground. By doing this, activists can read important action alerts and other information without being included on the servers email lists that run the lists. Email headers are removed from these posts, as well as email addresses themselves are altered to help avoid spam.

Unix bash scripts are used because it is easy for other to alter or correct errors in the scripts, and because it is an easy way to try out new ideas. It is used as a rough draft, before the eventual move to stable binary programs.

GNU Privacy Guard
GNU Privacy Guard (GnuPG or GPG) is a free-software replacement for Symantec's cryptographic software suite PGP. The software is compliant with the now obsoleted RFC 4880, the IETF standards-track specification of OpenPGP. Modern versions of PGP are interoperable with GnuPG and other OpenPGP v4-compliant systems.

November 2023 saw two drafts aiming to update the 2007 OpenPGP v4 specification (RFC4880), ultimately resulting in the RFC 9580 standard in July 2024. The proposal from the GnuPG developers, which is called LibrePGP, was not taken up by the OpenPGP Working Group and future versions of GnuPG will not support the current version of OpenPGP.

GnuPG is part of the GNU Project and received major funding from the German government in 1999.
Zichy Land
Zichy Land (Russian: Земля Зичи; Zemlya Zichy) is a geographical subgroup of Franz Josef Land, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia.
It is formed by the central cluster of large islands in the midst of the archipelago. The islands are separated from each other by narrow sounds that are frozen most of the year, forming a compact whole.

This island group was named after Hungarian Count Ödön Zichy (1811-1894)  who was, beside Count Johann Nepomuk Wilczek, the second highest sponsor for the Austro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition to Franz Josef Land.

Johann Nepomuk Wilczek
Johann Nepomuk Wilczek (German: Hans Graf Wilczek; 7 December 1837 – 27 January 1922), known to friends as "Hans Wilczek", was an Austrian arctic explorer and patron of the arts. He was the main sponsor of the Austro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition in 1872–74.
Rimša
Rimša is the masculine form of a Lithuanian family name. Polish version: Rymsza, Russian/Ukrainian: Rimsha, Belarusian: Rymsha.)  Its feminine forms  are: Rimšienė (married woman or widow) and Rimšaitė (unmarried woman). Notable people with the surname include:

Edmundas Rimša (born 1948), Lithuanian historian

Petras Rimša (1881–1961), Lithuanian sculptor

Fyodor Rimsha (1891–1942), Russian Olympic football (soccer) player

Andrey Rymsha (ca. 1550–1599), Belarusian poet of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania

Filip Jan Rymsza (born 1977), Polish-born American filmmaker and writer

Donata Rimšaitė (born 1988), female Lithuanian modern pentathlete

Vilma Rimšaitė (born 1983), Lithuanian female Olympic BMX cyclist

Donata Rimšaitė
Donata Rimšaitė (Russian: Доната Римшайте; born 29 January 1988) is a Russian-Lithuanian modern pentathlete. She represented Lithuania at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. She won a silver medal at the 2010 Modern Pentathlon World Cup in Medway. In 2011, Rimšaitė began competing for Russia. She won a gold medal in the mixed relay at the 2016 World Championships in Moscow.
Thaddeus Harlan Stanton
Thaddeus H. Stanton (1835–1900), was Paymaster-General of the United States Army 1895–1899. Stanton began his active life as a Republican newspaperman and politician in Iowa. During the Civil War he joined the Union Army, serving as paymaster. After the war, he transferred to the Regular Army, serving in the Paymaster Department. During the Big Horn Expedition 1876, he served in the field, receiving a brevet promotion for bravery.

Paymaster
A paymaster is someone appointed by a group of buyers, sellers, investors or lenders to receive, hold, and dispense funds, commissions, fees, salaries (remuneration) or other trade, loan, or sales proceeds within the private sector or public sector. Specific titles within the British government are Paymaster of the Forces, Paymaster General and Paymaster of Pensions.
2019 Al Habtoor Tennis Challenge – Doubles
Alena Fomina and Valentina Ivakhnenko were the defending champions, but lost in the semifinals to Georgina García Pérez and Sara Sorribes Tormo.

Lucie Hradecká and Andreja Klepač won the title, defeating García Pérez and Sorribes Tormo in the final, 7–5, 3–6, [10–8].

Valentina Ivakhnenko
Valentina Yuryevna Ivakhnenko (Russian: Валентина Юрьевна Ивахненко, Ukrainian: Валентина Юріївна Івахненко; born 27 June 1993) is a Russian former professional tennis player.

On 30 July 2018, she reached her highest singles ranking of world No. 167, whilst her best doubles ranking by the WTA was 104 on 28 November 2016.

In September 2014, six months after Crimea was occupied and subsequently annexed by the Russian Federation, Ukrainian-born Ivakhnenko became a naturalized citizen of Russia. She retired from ITF Circuit in 2022.
Koloshi, Mulshi
Koloshi is a village in Mulshi taluka of Pune District in the state of Maharashtra, India.Talukas surrounding the village are Karjat taluka, Talegaon Dabhade Taluka, Mawal taluka and by Khalapur taluka. Districts closest to the village are Raigad district, Thane district, Mumbai City district and Mumbai Suburban district. Nearest railway stations around the village are  Vadgaon railway station, Begdewadi railway station, Lonavala railway station, Talegaon railway station and Kamshet railway station.

Begdewadi railway station
Begdewadi railway station is a railway station on Pune Suburban Railway line. The station is near National Highway 48 (India) on Shelarwadi.

All local trains between Pune Junction–Lonavala, Pune Junction–Talegaon, Shivaji Nagar–Lonavala, Shivaji Nagar–Talegaon stops here.

Areas of Maval taluka near this station are Shelarwadi, Ghorawadi Caves, Somatne, Shirgaon.
Copenhagen Business School
Copenhagen Business School (Danish: Handelshøjskolen i København), often abbreviated and referred to as CBS (also in Danish), is a public university situated in Copenhagen, Denmark. Founded in 1917, It is considered and ranked as one of the most prestigious business schools in Western Europe and the world.

CBS offers a wide range of undergraduate and graduate programmes within business, typically with an interdisciplinary and international focus. It is accredited by EQUIS (European Quality Improvement System), AMBA (Association of MBAs), as well as AACSB (Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business), making it one of the few schools worldwide to hold the "triple-crown" accreditation, and along with Aarhus University, School of Business and Social Sciences, the only two in Denmark.

Since the Danish Universities Act of 2003, CBS has had a board of directors with an external majority. The Board of Directors appoints the President of CBS, who is currently Peter Møllgaard.

EFMD Quality Improvement System
The EFMD Quality Improvement System (EQUIS) is a business school accreditation run by the Brussels-based European Foundation for Management Development (EFMD). EQUIS accredits higher education institutions of management and business administration, and is considered one of the triple accreditation.

As of September 2025, EQUIS has accredited 228 institutions in 45 countries around the world. In 2022, EQUIS suspended all higher education institutions in Russia from its ranking.
Pandisc Records
Pandisc Records is an American independent record label founded in Miami, Florida, United States. Pandisc specializes in releasing Miami bass, electronic, and other bass and urban artists.  CDs produced by Beat Dominator and Bass Mekanik on the Pandisc label are widely used for car audio competitions.

In 1989, Pandisc released bluesman Joey Gilmore's debut album, So Good to be Bad.

Bass (sound)
Bass (/beɪs/ BAYSS) (also called bottom end) describes tones of low (also called "deep") frequency, pitch and range from 16 to 250 Hz (C0 to middle C4) and bass instruments that produce tones in the low-pitched range C2-C4. They belong to different families of instruments and can cover a wide range of musical roles. Since producing low pitches usually requires a long air column or string, and for stringed instruments, a large hollow body, the string and wind bass instruments are usually the largest instruments in their families or instrument classes.
Irebu
Irebu is a township located in the Équateur province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The only notable feature of this settlement is that it lies on the confluence of the great Congo river and its main tributary, the Ubangi river.

Équateur Province
Équateur is one of the 21 newest provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo created by the 2015 repartitioning. The provinces of Équateur, Mongala, Nord-Ubangi, Sud-Ubangi, and Tshuapa are the result of the division of the former Équateur province.  The current province was formed from the Équateur district and the independently administered city of Mbandaka which retained its status as a provincial capital.

The 2020 population was estimated to be 1,856,000.
Searls
Searls is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Damion Searls, American writer and translator

Dane Searls (1988–2011), Australian BMX rider

Doc Searls (born 1947), blogger on Linux

Fanny Searls (1851–1939), American doctor and botanical collector, after whom Searls’ prairie clover Dalea searlsiae is named

Hank Searls (1922–2017), American writer and screenwriter

Niles Searls (1825–1907), American judge

Dalea searlsiae
Dalea searlsiae, commonly known as Searls' prairie clover, is a perennial legume species belonging to the Dalea genus. The species is found through arid regions of the southwestern United States and can survive in low moisture conditions. The species forms symbiotic relationships with nitrogen-fixing bacteria that can improve soil nutrient levels. Its large inflorescence attracts many species of pollinators, and it lacks toxins found in similar legume species.  As a result, the species has been considered for use in rangeland restoration and revegetation projects.
Andy Jick
Andrew J. Jick (May 9, 1952 – May 3, 2019) was an American public address announcer for the Boston Celtics and the Boston College Eagles. He was the PA announcer for the Boston Celtics, an NBA men's basketball team, from 1980 to 1997, and the Boston College Eagles at Conte Forum from 2001 to 2019.

During tenure with the Celtics, Jick was the P.A. announcer during the NBA Finals five times (1981, 1984, 1985, 1986, and 1987). He was also the Celtics' final P.A. announcer at the Boston Garden and the first Celtics' announcer in FleetCenter. Before becoming the team's PA announcer, Jick worked for nine years for the team as a statistician and Wives' Room host.

After 2001, Jick was the public address announcer for the Boston College Eagles men's basketball team. He was the P.A. announcer during the 2003 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament for first-round games played in the FleetCenter. He died in his sleep on May 3, 2019, at the age of 66.

Boston Garden
The Boston Garden was an arena in Boston, Massachusetts. Designed by boxing promoter Tex Rickard, who also built the third iteration of New York's Madison Square Garden, it opened on November 17, 1928, as "Boston Madison Square Garden" (later shortened to just "Boston Garden") and outlived its original namesake by 30 years. It was above North Station, a train station which was originally a hub for the Boston and Maine Railroad and is now a hub for MBTA Commuter Rail and Amtrak trains.

The Garden hosted home games for the Boston Bruins of the National Hockey League (NHL) and the Boston Celtics of the National Basketball Association (NBA), as well as rock concerts, amateur sports, boxing and professional wrestling matches, circuses, and ice shows. It was also used as an exposition hall for political rallies such as the speech by John F. Kennedy in November 1960. Boston Garden was demolished in 1998, three years after the completion of its successor arena, TD Garden.
OR5AS1
Olfactory receptor 5AS1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OR5AS1 gene.

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G protein–coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes.

Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. The nomenclature assigned to the olfactory receptor genes and proteins for this organism is independent of other organisms.

Fragrance compound
A fragrance compound (or fragrance) is a chemical compound with a pleasant odor. Fragrances affect only the sense of smell, whereas flavors can affect both the sense of taste and smell. Fragrances are often mixtures of individual fragrance compounds. Although many fragrances are derived from natural sources, many are synthetic. Fragrances are widely used in cosmetics and are the basis for a large industry.
George R. Poulton
George Rodway Poulton (bapt. 16 October 1828 – 1867) was an English-born American musician and composer.

He was born in Cricklade, near Cirencester, Wiltshire, England in 1828 to Charles Poulton and Hannah Rodway Poulton. He was baptised in St. Mary's Church and was raised in the town until the age of seven when his parents, Charles and Hannah Poulton, emigrated to Lansingburgh, New York. George Poulton's descendants still have connections with Cricklade.

In 1861, George Poulton composed the melody for the song "Aura Lea", which was popular during the American Civil War, and later became popular with college glee clubs and barbershop quartets. It was also sung at the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, New York. In 1956, the tune (now in the public domain) was given new lyrics and released as the Elvis Presley song "Love Me Tender".

In 1864, he was tarred and feathered after having an affair with a young student.  He died in 1867, aged thirty-eight.

Lansingburgh, New York
Lansingburgh is a neighborhood in the northern portion of the city of Troy, New York. At one time, Lansingburgh was a village. It was first laid out in lots and incorporated in 1771 by Abraham Jacob Lansing, who had purchased the land in 1763. In 1901, Lansingburgh was annexed by the city of Troy.

Lansingburgh has its own school district.
Double inverted pendulum
A double inverted pendulum is the combination of the inverted pendulum and the double pendulum. The system consists of two rigid rods connected in series by rotational joints, with the lower joint attached to a base. The pendulum has 2 degrees of Freedom. The double inverted pendulum is unstable, meaning that it will fall down unless it is controlled in some way. The two main methods of controlling a double inverted pendulum are moving the base, as with the inverted pendulum, or by applying a torque at the pivot point between the two pendulums.

Instability
In dynamical systems instability means that some of the outputs or internal states increase with time, without bounds.  Not all systems that are not stable are unstable; systems can also be marginally stable or exhibit limit cycle behavior.

In structural engineering, a structural beam or column can become unstable when excessive compressive load is applied. Beyond a certain threshold, structural deflections magnify stresses, which in turn increases deflections. This can take the form of buckling or crippling. The general field of study is called structural stability.

Atmospheric instability is a major component of all weather systems on Earth.
Andrea Bacchetti (musician)
Andrea Bacchetti (born 1977) is an Italian pianist.

At 11 years old he debuted with I Solisti Veneti, conducted by Claudio Scimone.

He is a member of music festival in Lucerne, Salisbury etc.

In his discography, there are RCA Red Seal CDs with works by Johann Sebastian Bach, Johann Adolph Hasse, Luigi Cherubini, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Prize International Classical Music Awards as Baroque Instrumental for CD with the works by Domenico Scarlatti and Antonio Soler. Andrea Bacchetti recorded CD with the works by Luciano Berio for Decca.

I Solisti Veneti
I Solisti Veneti is an Italian chamber orchestra founded in Padua in 1959 by Claudio Scimone. Since 2019, the Musical Director has been Giuliano Carella, and since 2020 he has also been Artistic Director.
Sarah Stewart Johnson
Sarah Stewart Johnson is an American biologist, geochemist, astronomer and planetary scientist. She joined Georgetown University in 2014 and is currently the Provost's Distinguished Associate Professor of Biology and the Science, Technology, and International Affairs program in the School of Foreign Service.

Geochemistry
Geochemistry is the science that uses the tools and principles of chemistry to explain the mechanisms behind major geological systems such as the Earth's crust and its oceans.: 1  The realm of geochemistry extends beyond the Earth, encompassing the entire Solar System, and has made important contributions to the understanding of a number of processes including mantle convection, the formation of planets and the origins of granite and basalt.: 1  It is an integrated field of chemistry and geology.
Celebrity Big Brother (British TV series) series 18
Celebrity Big Brother 18 is the eighteenth series of the British reality television series Celebrity Big Brother, hosted by Emma Willis  and narrated by Marcus Bentley. The series launched on 28 July 2016, just two days after the conclusion of Big Brother 17  on Channel 5 in the United Kingdom and TV3 in Ireland. The series ended on 26 August 2016, making it the longest summer series to date and the third-longest series of Celebrity Big Brother in its history, behind series 15 and 17, respectively. Rylan Clark-Neal continued to present the spin-off show Celebrity Big Brother's Bit on the Side. It was the eleventh celebrity series and the seventeenth series of Big Brother overall to air on Channel 5.

On 26 August 2016, the series was won by Stephen Bear with Ricky Norwood finishing as runner-up.

Rylan Clark
Ross Richard Clark (born 25 October 1988), known professionally as Rylan Clark or simply Rylan, is an English broadcaster and television personality. He came to prominence as a contestant on the ninth series of the talent show The X Factor in 2012, in which he finished in fifth place. The following year, he appeared on the eleventh series of the reality show Celebrity Big Brother, which he won.

Clark went on to present various television shows, including Big Brother's Bit on the Side (2013–2018), This Morning (2013–2019, 2022–present), The Xtra Factor (2016), Up Late with Rylan (2016), Supermarket Sweep (2019–2020), Strictly Come Dancing: It Takes Two (2019–2022), Ready Steady Cook (2020–2021) and You Are What You Wear (2020). Since 2018, he has served as a semi-final co-commentator of the Eurovision Song Contest and has presented various shows on BBC Radio 2.
Refractor card
A refractor card is a trading card that has a reflective coating and displays a rainbow when held at a specific angle. They are parallels of base set issues and were introduced with the release of the 1993 Topps "Baseball's Finest" set.

Later releases have confirmation of a Refractor on the back of the card in the form of either an R or the word 'Refractor' printed, usually, beside or beneath the card number, but the first Refractors did not include this designation and are therefore sometimes more difficult to differentiate from base issues.

Topps
The Topps Company, Inc. is an American company that manufactures trading cards and other  collectibles. Formerly based in New York City, Topps is best known as a leading producer of baseball and other sports and non-sports themed trading cards. Topps also produces cards under the brand names Allen & Ginter and Bowman.

In the 2010s, Topps was the only baseball card manufacturer with a license with Major League Baseball. Following the loss of that license to Fanatics, Inc. in 2022, Fanatics acquired Topps in the same year.
Leela Gandhi
Leela Gandhi (born 1966) is an Indian-born literary and cultural theorist who is noted for her work in postcolonial theory. She is currently the John Hawkes Professor of Humanities and English and director of the Pembroke Center for Teaching and Research on Women at Brown University. She is the great-granddaughter of Mahatma Gandhi.

Gandhi previously taught at the University of Chicago, La Trobe University, and the University of Delhi. She is a founding co-editor of the academic journal Postcolonial Studies, and she serves on the editorial board of the electronic journal Postcolonial Text. She is a Senior Fellow of the School of Criticism and Theory at Cornell University.

School of Criticism and Theory
The School of Criticism and Theory, now at Cornell University, is a summer program (offered in six-week seminars) in social science and literature. It is one of the most influential such programs in the United States to propagate the new dominant stream of "literary-critical-cultural 'theory'." The school was co-founded in 1976 by Murray Krieger, a prominent New Critic, and Hazard Adams, a literary critic, at the University of California, Irvine, and has previously been housed at Northwestern University and Dartmouth College. In 2011, Cornell hosted it for the thirteenth time. In 2002, it was directed by Dominick LaCapra.
Eid Mubarak
Eid Mubarak (Arabic: عِيد مُبَارَك, romanized: ʿīd mubārak) is an Arabic phrase that means "blessed feast or festival". The term is used by Muslims all over the world as a greeting to celebrate Eid al-Fitr (which marks the end of Ramadan) and Eid al-Adha (which is in the month of Dhu al-Hijjah). This exchange of greetings is a cultural tradition and not part of any religious obligation.

The greeting is widely used across Muslim communities worldwide and has also developed regional linguistic variations reflecting local cultures and languages. In many places, the phrase is exchanged after Eid prayers and during visits among family and friends as a way of expressing goodwill, unity, and blessings associated with the festival. Although Arabic in origin, it has been adopted in numerous languages and cultural contexts while retaining its core meaning of wishing others a blessed celebration during the Eid festivals.

Kurmanji
Kurmanji (Kurdish: کورمانجی, romanized: Kurmancî, lit. 'Kurdish', pronunciationⓘ), also termed Northern Kurdish, is the northernmost of the Kurdish languages, spoken predominantly in southeast Turkey, northwest and northeast Iran, northern Iraq, northern Syria and the Caucasus and Khorasan regions. It is the most widely spoken form of Kurdish.

Kurmanji is also the common and ceremonial language of Yazidis. Their sacred book Mishefa Reş and all prayers are written and spoken in Kurmanji.

Ethnologue reports that the use of Kurmanji is declining in Turkey even when the language is used as a language of wider communication (LWC) by immigrants to Turkey, and that the language is threatened because it is losing speakers.