hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2023 in Bangladesh
2023 (MMXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar, the 2023rd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 23rd  year of the 3rd millennium and the 21st century, and the  4th   year of the 2020s decade.

It will follow 1429 and 1430 Baṅgābda (Bengali Year).

The year 2023 is the 52nd year of the independence of Bangladesh. It is also the fifth and last year of the fourth cabinet of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina and last year of the presidency of Mohammad Abdul Hamid.

Common year starting on Sunday
A common year starting on Sunday is any non-leap year (i.e. a year with 365 days) that begins on Sunday, 1 January, and ends on Sunday, 31 December. Its dominical letter hence is A. The most recent year of such kind was 2023, and the next one will be 2034 in the Gregorian calendar, or, likewise, 2018 and 2029 in the obsolete Julian calendar, see below for more.

Any common year that starts on a Sunday has two Friday the 13ths: those two in this common year occur in January and October.

This year has four months (January, April, July and October) which begin on a weekend-day.
Thomas J. Campbell (American football)
Thomas Joseph Campbell (October 27, 1886 – February 28, 1972) was an American banker and football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Bowdoin College in 1915, at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill from 1916 to 1919, and at the University of Virginia in 1922, compiling a career college football record of 16–16–2. Campbell played football at Harvard University, from which he graduated in 1912.

Campbell married Mildred Bell in 1920 in New York.

Bowdoin College
Bowdoin College (/ˈboʊdɪn/ ⓘ BOH-din) is a private liberal arts college in Brunswick, Maine, United States. It was chartered in 1794.

In addition to its Brunswick campus, Bowdoin owns a 118-acre (48 ha) coastal studies center on Orr's Island and a 200-acre (81 ha) scientific field station on Kent Island in the Bay of Fundy.

The college was a founding member of its athletic conference, the New England Small College Athletic Conference, and the Colby-Bates-Bowdoin Consortium, an athletic conference and inter-library exchange with Bates College and Colby College. Bowdoin has over 30 varsity teams, and the school mascot was selected as a polar bear in 1913 to honor Robert Peary, a Bowdoin alumnus who claimed to have led the first successful expedition to the North Pole.
Kirill Florensky
Kirill Pavlovich Florensky (Russian: Кири́лл Па́влович Флоре́нский; 27 December 1915 – 9 April 1982) was a Russian Soviet geochemist and planetologist.  He was head of comparative planetology at the Vernadsky Institute of the Soviet Academy of Sciences.

He was the second son of the Russian polymath, Pavel Florensky.

The crater Florensky on the Moon is named after him.

Polymath
A polymath or polyhistor is an individual whose knowledge spans many different subjects, known to draw on complex bodies of knowledge to solve specific problems. Polymaths often prefer a specific context in which to explain their knowledge, but some are gifted at explaining abstractly and creatively.

Embodying a basic tenet of Renaissance humanism that humans are limitless in their capacity for development, the concept led to the notion that people should embrace all knowledge and develop their capacities as fully as possible. This is expressed in the term Renaissance man, often applied to the gifted people of that age who sought to develop their abilities in all areas of accomplishment: intellectually, artistically, socially, physically, and spiritually.
Bromoxynil octanoate
Bromoxynil octanoate is a herbicide active ingredient, closely related to bromoxynil, ioxynil, and ioxynil octanoate. Bromoxynil controls broad leafed weeds in many crops, and is used in the USA, Europe and Australia, on crops, roadsides and turf.

Bromoxynil octanoate in the environment has a half-life of about 10 days, and breaks down into harmless compounds. It breaks down much quicker than bromoxynil, ioxynil or chloroxynil, which all last about a month in aerobic soil.

Bromoxynil octanoate acts by inhibiting photosynthesis at photosystem II, destroying cells, making it a Group C, (Aus), Group C3, (Global), or Group 6 (numeric) under the HRAC system. Weeds show symptoms after four to seven days of chlorotic leaves and desiccation.

It has been sold under the trademarks Bromoxynil, Broclean, Bromox, Brominex, Bromolex, Bromolex and Bromoxymobeed.

Desiccation
Desiccation is the state of extreme dryness, or the process of extreme drying. A desiccant is a hygroscopic (attracts and holds water) substance that induces or sustains such a state in its local vicinity in a moderately sealed container. The word desiccation comes from Latin  de- 'thoroughly' and  siccare 'to dry'.
Vile: Exhumed
Vile: Exhumed (stylized as VILE: Exhumed) is a 2025 point-and-click horror video game developed by Cara Cadaver and published by DreadXP. Though initially slated for a Steam release on 22 July 2025, the game was banned from the service, attracting accusations of censorship, and released by the developer as freeware on 6 August 2025. It depicts the player searching through an individual's computer and learning of his insane and parasocial obsession with a porn star.

Freeware
Freeware is software, often proprietary, that is distributed at no monetary cost to the end user. There is no agreed-upon set of rights, license, or EULA that defines freeware unambiguously; every publisher defines its own rules for the freeware it offers. For instance, modification, redistribution by third parties, and reverse engineering are permitted by some publishers but prohibited by others. Unlike with free and open-source software, which are also often distributed free of charge, the source code for freeware is typically not made available. Freeware may be intended to benefit its producer by, for example, encouraging sales of a more capable version, as in the freemium and shareware business models; or by collecting and selling user's personal data.
Joe Parsons (West Virginia politician)
Frederick Joe Parsons, nicknamed Happy Joe Parsons, is an American politician serving as a Republican member of the West Virginia House of Delegates for the 16th district. He was inducted into the West Virginia Broadcasting Hall of Fame in 2023.

West Virginia House of Delegates
The West Virginia House of Delegates is the lower house of the West Virginia Legislature in West Virginia. Only three states—Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia—refer to their lower house as the House of Delegates.
Unbiased estimation of standard deviation
In statistics and in particular statistical theory, unbiased estimation of a standard deviation is the calculation from a statistical sample of an estimated value of the standard deviation (a measure of statistical dispersion) of a population of values, in such a way that the expected value of the calculation equals the true value.  Except in some important situations, outlined later, the task has little relevance to applications of statistics since its need is avoided by standard procedures, such as the use of significance tests and confidence intervals, or by using Bayesian analysis.

However, for statistical theory, it provides an exemplar problem in the context of estimation theory which is both simple to state and for which results cannot be obtained in closed form. It also provides an example where imposing the requirement for unbiased estimation might be seen as just adding inconvenience, with no real benefit.

Expected value
In probability theory, the expected value (also called expectation, expectancy, expectation operator, mathematical expectation, mean, expectation value, or first moment) is a generalization of the weighted average.

The expected value of a random variable with a finite number of outcomes is a weighted average of all possible outcomes. In the case of a continuum of possible outcomes, the expectation is defined by integration. In the axiomatic foundation for probability provided by measure theory, the expectation is given by Lebesgue integration.

The expected value of a random variable X is often denoted by , , or , with E also often stylized as ,  or E.
St. Joseph Parish, Suffield
St. Joseph Parish is a parish designated for Polish immigrants in Suffield, Connecticut, United States. It was founded on March 12, 1916. It is one of the Polish-American Roman Catholic parishes in New England in the Archdiocese of Hartford.

Archdiocese of Hartford
The Archdiocese of Hartford (Latin: Archidioecesis Hartfortiensis) is an archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Connecticut in the United States. It is a metropolitan see. The other dioceses in its ecclesiastical province are Bridgeport, Norwich, and Providence.

It was established as the Diocese of Hartford in 1843. The mother church of the Archdiocese of Hartford is the Cathedral of Saint Joseph in Hartford. It covers Hartford, Litchfield and New Haven counties. Christopher J. Coyne is the archbishop.
Kanggurtag gold belt
The Kanggurtag gold belt is a gold belt in the Eastern Tianshan portion of the Xinjiang province of Northwestern China. During the late Proterozoic, the Tarim plate and the Junggar plate collided, creating the Tianshan mountains. Around 276 Ma, the collision related stress regime ended and was replaced by dextral slip movement that lasted from 276 to 239 Ma. During the strike-slip period in the region, the Kanggurtag gold belt formed during the late Carboniferous-early Permian. This gold belt is separated into three groups: shear zoned dominated gold deposits, epithermal gold deposits, and intrusion related gold deposits.

Cisuralian
The Cisuralian, also known as the Early Permian, is the first series/epoch of the Permian. The Cisuralian was preceded by the Pennsylvanian and followed by the Guadalupian. The Cisuralian Epoch is named after the western slopes of the Ural Mountains in Russia and Kazakhstan and dates between 298.9 ± 0.15 – 274.4 ± 0.4 Ma.

In the regional stratigraphy of southwestern North America, the Cisuralian encompasses two series: the Wolfcampian (Asselian to mid-Artinskian) and Leonardian (mid-Artinskian to Kungurian).

The series saw the appearance of beetles and flies and was a relatively stable warming period of about 21 million years.
Stealin' (Uriah Heep song)
"Stealin'" is a song by British hard rock band Uriah Heep, from the concept album Sweet Freedom. The song was written by Ken Hensley, and it reached gold status in New Zealand. The B-side of the song is "Sunshine".

Sweet Freedom (Uriah Heep album)
Sweet Freedom is the sixth studio album by English rock band Uriah Heep, released in September 1973 by Bronze Records in the UK and Warner Bros. Records in the US.

The original vinyl release was a gatefold, reproducing the lyrics within. There was also a central page with a photograph of each band member.

It was the first Uriah Heep album to be released by Warner Bros. in the U.S. Sweet Freedom reached No. 33 in the US Billboard 200 chart. It was certified gold by the RIAA on 5 March 1974.

AllMusic's retrospective review noted that Heep "began to explore new styles to flesh out their combination of prog complexity and heavy metal muscle."

The album was remastered and reissued by Castle Communications in 1996 with two bonus tracks, and again in 2004 in an expanded deluxe edition.
Singur railway station
Singur railway station is a Kolkata Suburban Railway station on the Sheoraphuli–Tarakeswar branch line of Howrah railway division of the Eastern Railway zone. It is situated beside State Highway 2, Burasanti at Singur in Hooghly district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Hooghly district
Hooghly district is one of the 23 districts in the Indian state of West Bengal. It can alternatively be spelt Hoogli. The headquarters of the district is Chuchura. The district is named after the Hooghly River and is located in the Burdwan division. There are four subdivisions of the district: Chinsurah Sadar, Serampore, Chandannagore, and Arambagh.
Neznámy pár
Neznámy pár (English: An Unknown Couple) is a duet by Marika Gombitová and Karel Gott released on OPUS in 1987.

The composition wrote Gombitová herself upon a request from František Polák, editor of the pre-filmed live show called Abeceda, created by ČST. Lyrics provided Kamil Peteraj, and the composition was presented on television on 1 November 1987. During the night show, both artists sung also "Hrajme píseň"), a trio recorded in collaboration with Czech actor Josef Laufer.

The duet itself was officially released on Gombitová's studio album entitled Ateliér duše (1987), and received a nomination for Zlatá nota, awarded by publicists of the Melodie magazine.

Later on, "Neznámy pár" was issued on Gott's compilation Zůstanu svůj: Hity z 80. let, which charted at number #9 on the Czech Top 50 albums chart in 2008.

Trio (music)
In music, a trio (from the Italian) is any of the following:

a composition for three performers or three musical parts

in larger works, the middle section of a ternary form (so named because of the 17th-century practice of scoring the contrasting second or middle dance appearing between two statements of a principal dance for three instruments)

an ensemble of three instruments or voices performing trio compositions.
Robert du Mesnil du Buisson
Count Robert du Mesnil du Buisson (9 April 1895, Champobert, Bourges – 8 April 1986, Caen) was a French historian, soldier, and archeologist. He was noted for his early use of geophysical survey for archaeology. He was the son of Auguste, comte du Mesnil du Buisson and Berthe Roussel de Courcy, and married Jeanne Leclerc de Pulligny on 26 June 1923. He was the nephew of the geologist Geoffroy d'Ault du Mesnil. He named one of his daughters Ita after the Sphinx found at Ita (in Qatna).

Arslan Tash
Arslan Tash (Turkish: Arslan Taş "Lion Stone"), ancient Hadātu, is an archaeological site in Aleppo Governorate in northern Syria, around 30 kilometres (19 mi) east of Carchemish and the Euphrates and nearby the town of Kobanî.
Truncated order-6 hexagonal tiling
In geometry, the truncated order-6 hexagonal tiling is a uniform tiling of the hyperbolic plane. It has Schläfli symbol of t{6,6}. It can also be identically constructed as a cantic order-6 square tiling, h2{4,6}

Schläfli symbol
In geometry, the Schläfli symbol is a notation of the form {p,q,r, ...}  that defines regular polytopes and tessellations.

The Schläfli symbol is named after the 19th-century Swiss mathematician Ludwig Schläfli, who generalized Euclidean geometry to more than three dimensions and discovered all their convex regular polytopes, including the six that occur in four dimensions.
Brent Holsclaw
Brent Holsclaw (born c. 1971) is an American former college football coach. He was the head football coach for Kentucky Wesleyan College from 2003 to 2017. He also coached for Fairdale High School, Mercyhurst, and Lake Forest. He played college football for Murray State and Kentucky Wesleyan as a quarterback.

Lake Forest Foresters football
The Lake Forest Foresters football team, representing Lake Forest College, is an NCAA Division III college football team and member of the Midwest Conference. Lake Forest played its first intercollegiate games in 1882, with a pair of games against Northwestern University.
Rina Lasnier
Rina Lasnier, GOQ (6 August 1915 – 9 May 1997) was a Québécois Canadian poet. Born in St-Grégoire d'Iberville-Mont-Saint-Grégoire, Quebec, she attended Collège Marguerite Bourgeoys and the Université de Montréal. Although she was the author of several plays, including Féerie indienne (her first published book in 1939), she is chiefly remembered as a poet.

Lasnier was the recipient of many honours, including the Prix David (1943 and 1974), the Ludger-Duvernay Prize (1957), the Molson Prize (1971), the Prix France-Canada (1973) and the Lorne Pierce Medal (1974). In 1987, she was made a Grand Officer of the National Order of Quebec. She lived most her adult life in Joliette but returned to the St.-Jean-sur-Richelieu during her final years. A former church turned library in Joliette, Quebec was named after her.

Québécois people
Québécois (French pronunciation: [kebekwa] ⓘ; also known as Quebecers or Quebeckers in English) are people associated with Quebec. The term is most often used in reference to either descendants of the French settlers in Quebec or people of any ethnicity who live and trace their origins to the province of Quebec.

Self-identification as Québécois became dominant starting in the 1960s; prior to this, the francophone people of Quebec mostly identified themselves as French Canadians and as Canadiens before anglophones started identifying as Canadians as well. A majority in the House of Commons of Canada in 2006 approved a motion by Prime Minister Stephen Harper, which stated that the Québécois are a nation within a united Canada. Harper later elaborated that the motion's definition of Québécois relies on personal decisions to self-identify as Québécois, and therefore is a personal choice.
Jagličje
Jagličje is a village in Serbia, in the municipality of Gadžin Han in Nišava District. According to the census of 2002, there were 92 people according to the census of 1991, there were 140 inhabitants.

Nišava District
The Nišava District (Serbian: Нишавски округ, romanized: Nišavski okrug, pronounced [nîʃaʋskiː ôkruːɡ]) is one of administrative districts of Serbia. It lies in the southeastern parts of Serbia. According to the 2022 census, it has a population of 343,950 inhabitants. The administrative center of the district is the city of Niš. After South Bačka District, it is the second largest District in Serbia.
Rivers of Time
Rivers of Time is a 1993 collection of science fiction short stories by  American writer  L. Sprague de Camp, first published in paperback by Baen Books. All but one of the pieces were originally published between 1956 and 1993 in the magazines Galaxy, Expanse, The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction, Analog, and Asimov's Science Fiction, and the Robert Silverberg-edited anthology The Ultimate Dinosaur. The remaining story was first published in the present work.

The book collects the author's nine tales of time-traveling hunter Reginald Rivers, the hero of his 1956 classic, "A Gun for Dinosaur". He wrote another Rivers story in 1990 to fulfil a request by Robert Silverberg for a dinosaur story for his 1992 anthology The Ultimate Dinosaur; afterwards, de Camp added to the sequence until he had enough stories for a book.

In 2012, Audible Studios released an unabridged audio-book recording of Rivers of Time narrated by James Adams.

Baen Books
Baen Books (/ˈbeɪn/) is an American publishing house for science fiction and fantasy. In science fiction, it emphasizes space opera, hard science fiction, and military science fiction. The company was established in 1983 by science fiction publisher and editor Jim Baen. After his death in 2006, he was succeeded as publisher by long-time executive editor Toni Weisskopf.
Recess Cove
Recess Cove (64°30′S 61°32′W﻿ / ﻿64.500°S 61.533°W﻿ / -64.500; -61.533) is a cove 2.5 nautical miles (4.6 km) wide in the east side of Charlotte Bay, along the west coast of Graham Land. Surveyed by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS), this cove forms a recess in the side of Charlotte Bay.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Recess Cove". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition
The Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition (FIDASE) was an aerial survey of the Falkland Islands Dependencies and the Antarctic Peninsula which took place in the 1955–56 and 1956–57 southern summers.

Funded by the Colonial Office and organized by Peter Mott, the survey was carried out by Hunting Aerosurveys Ltd.  The expedition was based at Deception Island and utilized the Oluf Sven, two Canso flying-boats, and several helicopters.

The photographic collection, held by the British Antarctic Survey as the United Kingdom Antarctic Mapping Centre, comprises about 12,800 frames taken on 26,700 kilometers of ground track.
Gray Whale Cove State Beach
Gray Whale Cove State Beach is a California State Park between Pacifica, California, and Montara, California, by Highway 1 and approximately 18 miles south of San Francisco. It features a sheltered cove surrounded by abrupt cliffs, with trails connecting to nearby Montara Mountain and McNee Ranch State Park.  It is located just south of Devil's Slide.  The 3.1-acre (1.3 ha) park was established in 1966.

Montara State Marine Reserve & Pillar Point State Marine Conservation Area extend offshore from Montara, just south of Gray Whale Cove.  Like underwater parks, these marine protected areas help conserve ocean wildlife and marine ecosystems.

Pacifica, California
Pacifica (Spanish: Pacífica, meaning "Peaceful") is a city in San Mateo County, California, on the coast of the Pacific Ocean between San Francisco and Half Moon Bay. As of the 2020 census, Pacifica had a population of 38,640.
Paul Green (cricketer)
Paul Green (born 1 June 1976) is a former English cricketer.  Green was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace.  He was born at Salford, Greater Manchester.

Green represented the Lancashire Cricket Board in List A cricket.  His debut List A match came against the Netherlands in the 1999 NatWest Trophy.  From 1999 to 2002, he represented the Board in 5 List A matches, the last of which came against Scotland in the 2nd round of the 2003 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy which was played in 2002. In his 6 List A matches, he scored 107 runs at a batting average of 21.40, with a single half century high score of 63.  In the field he took 3 catches. With the ball he took a single wicket at a bowling average of 47.00, with best figures of 1/32.

Seam bowling
Seam bowling is a bowling technique in cricket, in which the ball is deliberately bowled to hit the ground on its seam, to cause a random deviation when it bounces. A bowler who uses this technique is called a seam bowler or seamer.

Seam bowling is a form of fast bowling, although seam can also be a factor in medium-pace bowling. Although there are specialist seamers that make deliberate use of off cutter and leg cutter at the expense of bowling slower than regular fast bowlers, most bowlers employ the seam to some effect and so the terms "seamer" and "fast bowler" are largely synonymous. This was far less the case in the past, even the recent past. Bowlers such as Tom Cartwright and Derek Shackleton bowled seamers at a pace in the low 70mphs and were very successful due to their mastery of control and variation.
John Baptist Hogan
John Baptist Hogan (24 June 1829 – 29 September 1901), also known as Abbé Hogan, was an Irish-French Catholic theologian and educator. He was born near Ennis, County Clare, Ireland, and died at Saint-Sulpice, Paris, France.

Hogan, a member of the Sulpician order, was the first rector of Saint John's Seminary in Boston, founded in 1884. From 1889 to 1894, he taught at the new Catholic University in Washington, D.C., but returned to Saint John's Seminary for another term as rector after the death of his successor, Charles B. Rex.

His nephew Dr. John F Hogan DD served as president of Maynooth College in Ireland.

Saint-Sulpice, Paris
The Church of Saint-Sulpice (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ sylpis] ⓘ) is a Catholic church in Paris, France, on the east side of Place Saint-Sulpice, in the 6th arrondissement. As tall as Notre-Dame, it is the largest church in the city. It is dedicated to Sulpitius the Pious. Construction of the present building, the second on the site, began in 1646. During the 18th century, an elaborate gnomon, the Gnomon of Saint-Sulpice, was constructed in the church.  Saint-Sulpice is also known for its Great Organ, one of the most significant organs in the world, and its titular organists, including Charles-Marie Widor and Marcel Dupré.