hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Math for the Real World
Math For The Real World  is a 1997 educational video game published by Davidson and Associates and was intended to be the first in a "Real World" game series. On June 30, 1998, Davidson merged with the large educational software company Knowledge Adventure, with the new business becoming the publisher of the game in association with Kaplan Inc.

Educational software
Educational software is a term used for any computer software that is made for an educational purpose. It encompasses different ranges from language learning software to classroom management software to reference software. The purpose of all this software is to make some part of education more effective and efficient.
Battle of Adramyttion
Battle of Adramyttium or Adramyttion can refer to:

Battle of Adramyttion (1205), between the Latin Empire and the Empire of Nicaea

Battle of Adramyttion (1334), between a Christian naval league and the Beylik of Karasi

Battle of Adramyttion (1205)
The Battle of Adramyttion occurred on 19 March 1205 between the Latin Crusaders and the Byzantine Greek Empire of Nicaea, one of the kingdoms established after the fall of Constantinople to the Fourth Crusade in 1204. It resulted in a comprehensive victory for the Latins. There are two accounts of the battle, one by Geoffrey de Villehardouin, and the other by Nicetas Choniates, which differ significantly.
Stary Karbash
Stary Karbash (Russian: Старый Карбаш; Bashkir: Иҫке Ҡарбаш, İśke Qarbaş) is a rural locality (a village) in Tavlarovsky Selsoviet, Buzdyaksky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 122 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

Buzdyaksky District
Buzdyaksky District (Russian: Буздя́кский райо́н; Bashkir and Tatar: Бүздәк районы, Büzdäk rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the west of the republic and borders with Chekmagushevsky District in the north, Blagovarsky District in the east, Davlekanovsky District in the southeast, Belebeyevsky District in the south, Tuymazinsky District in the southwest and west, and with Sharansky District in the west and northwest. The area of the district is 1,632.8 square kilometers (630.4 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Buzdyak. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 30,688, with the population of Buzdyak accounting for 33.6% of that number.
Jardim São Paulo-Ayrton Senna (São Paulo Metro)
Jardim São Paulo–Ayrton Senna, originally known only as Jardim São Paulo, is a metro station on São Paulo Metro Line 1-Blue, located in the district of Santana, in São Paulo. It was opened by Governor Mário Covas on 29 April 1998, along with stations Tucuruvi and Parada Inglesa, in the Line 1 north expansion project, initiated in 1996.

Line 1 (São Paulo Metro)
Line 1 (Blue) (Portuguese: Linha 1–Azul) is one of the six lines that make up the São Paulo Metro and one of the thirteen lines that make up the Metropolitan Rail Transportation Network. It was the first line built for the São Paulo Metro and also the first metro line built in Brazil. It links Tucuruvi Station to Jabaquara Station. Construction began in the late 1960s and was completed in the early 1970s.
Vilémov (Olomouc District)
Vilémov is a municipality and village in Olomouc District in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 400 inhabitants.

Vilémov lies approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) west of Olomouc and 191 km (119 mi) east of Prague. The Blata River originates in the municipality.

Olomouc
Olomouc (Czech pronunciation: [ˈolomouts] ⓘ; German: Olmütz) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 103,000 inhabitants, making it the sixth largest city in the country. It is the administrative centre of the Olomouc Region.

Located on the Morava River, the city is the ecclesiastical metropolis and was a historical co-capital city of Moravia, before having been occupied by the Swedish army during the Thirty Years' War. The historic city centre is well preserved and is protected as urban monument reservation. The Holy Trinity Column was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2000 for its quintessential Baroque style and symbolic value.
Mikhalkino
Mikhalkino (Russian: Михалкино) was a rural locality (a selo) in Pokhodsky Rural Okrug of Nizhnekolymsky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located 80 kilometers (50 mi) from Chersky, the administrative center of the district and 44 kilometers (27 mi) from Pokhodsk. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 0, the same as recorded during the 2002 Census.

Nizhnekolymsky District
Nizhnekolymsky District (Russian: Нижнеколы́мский улу́с; Yakut: Аллараа Халыма улууһа, romanized: Allaraa Xalıma uluuha) is an administrative and municipal district (raion, or ulus), one of the thirty-four in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located in the northeast of the republic and borders with Allaikhovsky District in the west, Srednekolymsky District in the south, and with Bilibinsky District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug in the east. The area of the district is 87,100 square kilometers (33,600 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a settlement) of Chersky. Population: 4,664 (2010 census); 5,932 (2002 Census); 13,692 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Chersky accounts for 61.3% of the district's total population.
General Motors EN-V
General Motors EN-V (Electric Networked-Vehicle) is a 2-seat urban electric concept car jointly developed by Segway Inc. and General Motors that can be driven normally or operated autonomously.

Designed for urban environments and around an extrapolation of the P.U.M.A. prototype announced by GM and Segway in 2009, the EN-V was unveiled at the joint GM & SAIC pavilion at the Expo 2010 in Shanghai from 1 May through 31 October 2010. Three different vehicles are showcased, 笑 Xiao (Laugh), 骄 Jiao (Pride) and 妙 Miao (Magic).

In October 2011 General Motors announced  its decision to develop a second concept EN-V under the Chevrolet badge for use in field testing and demonstration programs, beginning in Tianjin, China.  In June 2014 General Motors announced it would commence testing of the four wheel EN-V 2.0 at the Tianjin Eco-city

Concept car
A concept car (also known as a concept vehicle or show vehicle) is a car made to showcase new styling or new technology. Concept cars are often exhibited at motor shows to gauge customer reaction to new and radical designs which may or may not be produced.

General Motors designer Harley Earl is generally credited with inventing the concept car, and did much to popularize it through its traveling Motorama shows of the 1950s.

Concept cars never go into production directly. In modern times, all would have to undergo many changes before the design is finalized for the sake of practicality, safety, regulatory compliance, and cost. A "production-intent" prototype, as opposed to a concept vehicle, serves this purpose.
Korean language in China
The Chinese Korean language (Korean: 중국조선어; Hancha: 中國朝鮮語; RR: Jungguk Joseoneo, lit. 'China Joseon language') is the variety of the Korean language spoken by ethnic Koreans in China, primarily located in the northeastern provinces of Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning, the latter two of which share borders with North Korea.

All varieties of Korean except the Jeju language are spoken by members of the Korean diaspora who settled in China before 1949. The educational standard is the North Korean standard language. Chinese Korean vocabulary is very similar to the North Korean standard, as is orthography; a major exception of orthography is that the spelling of some Chinese cities is different (for example, Hong Kong is referred to by the Sino-Korean name of 香港, 향항, Hyanghang, rather than the North and South Korean transcription of English Hongk'ong, 홍콩); exceptions of vocabulary are all related to China.

Korean dialects
A number of Korean dialects are spoken in Korea and by the Korean diaspora. The peninsula is very mountainous and each dialect's "territory" corresponds closely to the natural boundaries between different geographical regions of Korea. Most of the dialects are named for one of the traditional Eight Provinces of Korea. In the Korean language, only the Jeju dialect is considered sufficiently distinct to be regarded as a separate language.
Ruud de Moor
Ruud Alphons de Moor (6 April 1928 in Chaam – 3 March 2001 in Tilburg) was a Dutch professor of sociology linked to the University of Tilburg and the Open University in the Netherlands.

With Jan Kerkhofs he started the European Values Study which later grew out to become the World Values Survey.

The Ruud de Moor centrum (RdMC) of the Open University in the Netherlands was named after him being a founder and in honour of his influence on reform of higher education in the Netherlands.

Tilburg University
Tilburg University is a Catholic research university specializing in the social and behavioral sciences, economics, law, business sciences, theology and humanities, located in Tilburg, Netherlands.

Tilburg  has a student population of about 19,150 students. Tilburg University has 67 Bachelors & Master's programs. Tilburg University has a PhD population of about 1,000 PhDs and awards approximately 99 PhDs per year. In 2024, the university had over 97,000 alumni. The university has over 3,000 FTE staff members, of which 57% are academic staff.
Chet Helms
Chester Leo "Chet" Helms (August 2, 1942 – June 25, 2005), often called the father of San Francisco's 1967 "Summer of Love," was a music promoter and a counterculture figure in San Francisco during its hippie period in the mid- to-late 1960s.

Helms was the founder and manager of Big Brother and the Holding Company and recruited Janis Joplin as its lead singer. He was a producer and organizer, helping to stage free concerts and other cultural events at Golden Gate Park, the backdrop of San Francisco's Summer of Love in 1967, as well as at other venues, including the Avalon Ballroom.

He was the first producer of psychedelic light-show concerts at the Fillmore and the Avalon Ballroom and was instrumental in helping to develop bands that had the distinctive San Francisco Sound. Helms died June 25, 2005, of complications of a stroke. He was 62.

It's a Beautiful Day
It's a Beautiful Day is an American band formed in San Francisco, California, in 1967, featuring violinist David LaFlamme and his wife, Linda LaFlamme, on keyboards, and vocalist Pattie Santos.

David LaFlamme, who as a youth had once performed as a soloist with the Utah Symphony Orchestra, had previously been in the group Orkustra playing five-string violin. The other members of It's a Beautiful Day in its early years were Val Fuentes (drums), Mitchell Holman (bass) and Hal Wagenet (guitar). Although they were one of the notable San Francisco bands to emerge from 1967's Summer of Love, the group never achieved the level of success that contemporaries such as the Grateful Dead, Jefferson Airplane, and Santana did, with whom they had connections. The band created a unique blend of rock, jazz, folk, country, classical, and world-beat styles.
Amylostereum laevigatum
Amylostereum laevigatum (yew duster) is a species of crust fungus in the family Amylostereaceae. Originally named Thelephora laevigata by Elias Fries in 1828, it was given its current name when transferred to the genus Amylostereum by French mycologist Jacques Boidin in 1958.

Corticioid fungi
The corticioid fungi are a group of fungi in the Basidiomycota typically having effused, smooth basidiocarps (fruit bodies) that are formed on the undersides of dead tree trunks or branches. They are sometimes colloquially called crust fungi or patch fungi. Originally such fungi were referred to the genus Corticium ("corticioid" means Corticium-like) and subsequently to the family Corticiaceae, but it is now known that all corticioid species are not necessarily closely related. The fact that they look similar is an example of convergent evolution. Since they are often studied as a group, it is convenient to retain the informal (non-taxonomic) name of "corticioid fungi" and this term is frequently used in research papers and other texts.
Wedig
Wedig is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Gottfried Wedig (1583–1641), 17th-century German painter

Joseph Wedig (1826–???), Member of the Wisconsin State Assembly

Kasimir Wedig von Bonin (1691–1752), Prussian lieutenant general

Trey Wedig (born 2002), American football player

William Wedig (born 1983), American filmmaker

Kasimir Wedig von Bonin
Kasimir Wedig von Bonin (1 May 1691 in Karzin–12 September 1752 in Landsberg an der Warthe), also called Casimir Wedigo von Bonin, was a Prussian lieutenant general during the reigns of Frederick William I and his son, Frederick the Great.
Miami–Erie Canal Site Historic District
Miami–Erie Canal Site Historic District is a registered historic district located along the Miami and Erie Canal near West Chester, Ohio. The district includes Lock #38 on the canal, the house once used by the lock's gatekeeper, and several foundation sites from demolished canal-related buildings. The limestone lock was built in 1825-26 as part of the canal’s original construction, which connected the Ohio River to Lake Erie. The gatekeeper's house, the second built at the lock, was completed in 1870; the first house's foundation is still present as well. A mill race links the lock to the former Friend and Fox Paper Company, which established a paper mill along the canal in 1866.  Although the mill was destroyed by fire in 1932, its foundations and retaining walls are still preserved as part of the historic site.

The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 18, 1978.

Paper mill
A paper mill is a factory devoted to making paper from vegetable fibres such as wood pulp, old rags, and other ingredients. Prior to the invention and adoption of the Fourdrinier machine and other types of paper machine that use an endless belt, all paper in a paper mill was made by hand, one sheet at a time, by specialized laborers.
Makovo, Astrakhan Oblast
46°10′15″N 048°38′56″E﻿ / ﻿46.17083°N 48.64889°E﻿ / 46.17083; 48.64889

Makovo (Russian: Маково) is a rural locality (a selo) in Volodarsky District of Astrakhan Oblast, Russia, located in the delta of the Volga River.

Astrakhan Oblast
Astrakhan Oblast (Russian: Астраха́нская о́бласть, romanized: Astrakhanskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) located in southern Russia. Its administrative center is the city of Astrakhan. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 1,010,073.
SP Cailungo
S.P. Cailungo is a Sanmarinese football club, based in Cailungo, a civil parish of Borgo Maggiore. The club was founded in 1974. Cailungo currently plays in Girone A of Campionato Sammarinese di Calcio. The team's colors are red and green.

Campionato Sammarinese
Campionato Sammarinese di Calcio (English translation: Sammarinese Football Championship) is the highest competition for football clubs located at the only level of the Sammarinese football league system (no relegation system exists) and has been operating since the 1985–1986 season. As of 2025, Campionato Sammarinese di Calcio is ranked last (55th) among European leagues according to UEFA's league coefficient, which was based on the performance of Sammarinese clubs in the Champions League, Europa League and the Conference League.
Are druryi
Are is a monotypic moth genus in the subfamily Arctiinae erected by Francis Walker in 1855. The type (and only current assigned) species is Are druryi, which is found on Jamaica. This species was described by Dru Drury in 1773 under the name Phalaena marginata, but this name was already preoccupied by another Phalaena marginata Linnaeus, 1758 and a new specific epithet, honouring Drury, was assigned in 1986.

Clouded border
The clouded border (Lomaspilis marginata) is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his 1758 10th edition of Systema Naturae. It is distributed across most of Europe to the Urals, western and central Siberia, Transbaikalia, Kazakhstan, Tian-Shan, northern Mongolia and parts of the Near East.
Self-tuning
In control theory a self-tuning system is capable of optimizing its own internal running parameters in order to maximize or minimize the fulfilment of an objective function; typically the maximization of efficiency or error minimization.

Self-tuning and auto-tuning often refer to the same concept.  Many software research groups consider auto-tuning the proper nomenclature.

Self-tuning systems typically exhibit non-linear adaptive control.  Self-tuning systems have been a hallmark of the aerospace industry for decades, as this sort of feedback is necessary to generate optimal multi-variable control for non-linear processes.  In the telecommunications industry, adaptive communications are often used to dynamically modify operational system parameters to maximize efficiency and robustness.

Error
An error (from the Latin errāre, meaning 'to wander') is an inaccurate or incorrect action, thought, or judgement.

In statistics, "error" refers to the difference between the value which has been computed and the correct value. An error could result in failure or in a deviation from the intended performance or behavior.
Thyra, New South Wales
Thyra, New South Wales is a parish and suburb in Cadell County, Southern New South Wales, Australia. It is located 15 km north of Echuca, Victoria at 35°49′54″S 144°41′04″E and is on the Balranald branch line of the Deniliquin railway line and in Murray River Council.

One church building remains the only public building, and the nearest town is Mathoura.

Murray River Council
The Murray River Council is a local government area in the Riverina region of New South Wales, Australia. This area was formed in 2016 from the merger of Murray Shire with Wakool Shire.

The combined area comprises 11,865 square kilometres (4,581 sq mi) and covers the northern bank of the Murray River and hinterland from Moama downstream to Tooleybuc. At the time of its establishment, the estimated population of the area was 11,456.
High Council of State (Algeria)
The High Council of State in Algeria was a collective presidency set up by the Algerian High Council of Security on 14 January 1992 following the annulled elections in December 1991.

It originally consisted of:

Mohamed Boudiaf (PRS)

Ali Kafi (FLN)

Redha Malek, Prime Minister (from July 1992)

Major General Khaled Nezzar, Defense Minister

Ali Haroun (FLN)

Tedjini Haddam

Chairman of the HCS was Mohamed Boudiaf from January 16, 1992 until his assassination on June 29, 1992. He was succeeded as Chairman by Ali Kafi until the HCS was replaced by president Liamine Zéroual in January 1994.

Ali Haroun
Mohamed Ali Haroun (Arabic: علي هارون; born 8 February 1927) is an Algerian politician. He was a member of the High Council of State from 14 January 1992 to 30 January 1994. With the death of Khaled Nezzar, Haroun is the last living member of the High Council of State.
Aadan Carab
Aadan Carab was a poet born in Darawiish-controlled territory in 1917. The early forms of poetry of Aadan Carab is primarily concerned with clan duels, and or clans prevailing over others either in jest or pertaining to actual events. His latter poetry is about pastoral life and human nature. According to Aadan Carab, the Dhulbahante clan suffered a genocide at the hands of European colonialists, particularly the British who he claimed wholesale slaughtered the Dhulbahante due to them being Darawiish.

Dhulbahante
The Dhulbahante, (Somali: Dhulbahante, Arabic: الدلبهانتة) are a Somali sub-clan, part of the Harti branch of the larger Darod clan. They primary reside in and around their traditional territories of Nugaal, as well as Doollo. The clan's progenitor is buried at Badweyn.
Platylepadidae
In the past, Platylepadidae has been considered a family of barnacles of the order Sessilia. Research published in 2021 by Chan et al. resulted in the genera of Platylepadidae being merged with that of Balanidae, except Stephanolepas which was moved to Chelonibiidae. In the same work, Sessilia was not retained as an order of barnacles.

Barnacle
Barnacles are arthropods of the subclass Cirripedia in the subphylum Crustacea. They are related to crabs and lobsters, with similar nauplius larvae. Barnacles are exclusively marine invertebrates; many species live in shallow and tidal waters. Some 2,100 species have been described.

Barnacle adults are sessile; most are suspension feeders with hard calcareous shells, but the Rhizocephala are specialized parasites of other crustaceans, with reduced bodies. Barnacles have existed since at least the mid-Carboniferous, some 325 million years ago.

In folklore, barnacle geese were once held to emerge fully formed from goose barnacles. Both goose barnacles and the Chilean giant barnacle are fished and eaten. Barnacles are economically significant as biofouling on ships, where they cause hydrodynamic drag, reducing efficiency. In culture, Barnacle Bill became a comic folktype of a seaman, appearing in several films and a drinking song.
Tessa Solomon
Tessa Solomon (born January 12, 1979, in Willemstad, Curaçao) is a retired Curaçao swimmer, who specialized in backstroke events. She is a member of the Florida Atlantic Owls swimming and diving team under head coach Steve Eckelkamp, and also, a business graduate at the Florida Atlantic University in Boca Raton, Florida.

Solomon competed for the Netherlands Antilles in the 100m backstroke at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. She achieved a FINA B-cut of 1:04.94 from the Pan American Games in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. Swimming in heat two, Solomon decided to scratch out from the race, and then withdrew from the Games for personal and health reasons.

Willemstad
Willemstad (/ˈwɪləmstɑːt, ˈvɪl-/ WIL-əm-staht, VIL-; Dutch: [ˈʋɪləmstɑt]; Papiamento: [wiləmˈstad]) is the capital and largest city of Curaçao, an island in the southern Caribbean Sea that is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It was the capital of the Netherlands Antilles prior to that entity's dissolution in 2010. The city counts to have around 90% of Curaçao's population, with 136,660 inhabitants as of 2011. The historic centre of the city consists of four quarters: the Punda and Otrobanda, which are separated by the Sint Anna Bay, an inlet that leads into the large natural harbour called the Schottegat, as well as the Scharloo and Pietermaai Smal quarters, which are across from each other on the smaller Waaigat harbour. Willemstad is home to the Curaçao synagogue, the oldest surviving synagogue in the Americas. The city centre, with its unique architecture and harbour entry, has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site.