hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2024–25 UMBC Retrievers men's basketball team
The 2024–25 UMBC Retrievers men's basketball team represented the University of Maryland, Baltimore County during the 2024–25 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Retrievers, led by fourth-year head coach Jim Ferry, played their home games at the Chesapeake Employers Insurance Arena in Catonsville, Maryland as members of the America East Conference. They finished the season 13–19, 5–11 in America East play to finish in eighth place. They lost in the quarterfinals of the America East tournament to Bryant.

2024–25 Bryant Bulldogs men's basketball team
The 2024–25 Bryant Bulldogs men's basketball team represented Bryant University during the 2024–25 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Bulldogs, led by second-year head coach Phil Martelli Jr., played their home games at the Chace Athletic Center in Smithfield, Rhode Island as members of the America East Conference.
Horton Point Light
Horton Point Light is a lighthouse on the north side of Eastern Long Island, New York in the hamlet of Southold. The lighthouse and the grounds surrounding it are under the supervision of the Town of Southold Park District.

Southold, New York
The Town of Southold is one of ten towns in Suffolk County, New York, United States. It is located in the northeastern tip of the county, on the North Fork of Long Island. The population was 23,732 at the 2020 census. The town contains a hamlet,  also named Southold, which was settled in 1640.
Ahmed Djoghlaf
Ahmed Djoghlaf (born 25 November 1953 in Algiers), was the executive secretary of the Convention on Biological Diversity under the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) until 2012.

As Executive Secretary of the Convention, he had a key role in the field of sustainable development and protection of global biodiversity.

He was formerly the Assistant Executive Director of UNEP and Director of the Division of the Global Environment Facility Coordination.  He studied at, among others, the Nancy-Université, France (PhD in political sciences), St. John's University, New York (Master of Arts, Government and Politics), Université Lille Nord de France (Master of Political Sciences and Information Sciences) and the University of Algiers (Law degree).

He is a Councillor of the World Future Council.

University of Lille Nord de France
The Community of Universities and Institutions (COMUE) Lille Nord de France (formerly Université Lille Nord de France) was a French Groups of Universities and Institutions (COMUE) spread over multiple campuses and centered in Lille (North - Hauts-de-France). It included a European Doctoral College and federated universities, engineering schools and research centers. With more than one hundred thousand students, it was one of the largest university federations in France. The University of Lille, with nearly 70,000 students, was its main component. The COMUE stopped its activity in 2019 and its activities were transferred to its founding institutions.
Neodymium-doped yttrium lithium fluoride
Neodymium-doped yttrium lithium fluoride (Nd:YLF) is a lasing medium for arc lamp-pumped and diode-pumped solid-state lasers. The YLF crystal (LiYF4) is naturally birefringent, and commonly used laser transitions occur at 1047 nm and 1053 nm. It most often appears as a pale pinkish transparent crystal, not unlike rose quartz.

It is used in Q-switched systems in part due 
to its relatively long fluorescence lifetime.
As with Nd:YAG lasers, harmonic generation is frequently 
employed with Q-switched Nd:YLF 
to produce shorter wavelengths. A common application
of frequency-doubled Nd:YLF pulses is to pump ultrafast 
Ti:Sapphire chirped-pulse amplifiers.

Neodymium-doped YLF can provide higher pulse energies than Nd:YAG for repetition rates of a few kHz or less. Compared to Nd:YAG, the Nd:YLF crystal is very brittle 
and fractures easily. It is also slightly water-soluble — a YLF laser rod may very 
slowly dissolve in cooling water which surrounds it.

Q-switching
Q-switching, sometimes known as giant pulse formation or Q-spoiling, is a technique by which a laser can be made to produce a pulsed output beam. The technique allows the production of light pulses with extremely high (gigawatt) peak power, much higher than would be produced by the same laser if it were operating in a continuous wave (constant output) mode. Compared to mode locking, another technique for pulse generation with lasers, Q-switching leads to much lower pulse repetition rates, much higher pulse energies, and much longer pulse durations. The two techniques are sometimes applied together.

Q-switching was first proposed in 1958 by Gordon Gould, and independently discovered and demonstrated in 1961 or 1962 by R.W. Hellwarth and F.J. McClung at Hughes Research Laboratories using electrically switched Kerr cell shutters in a ruby laser. Optical nonlinearities such as Q-switching were fully explained by Nicolaas Bloembergen, who won the Nobel Prize in 1981 for this work.
Nobody's Perfect (J. Cole song)
"Nobody's Perfect" is a song by American rapper J. Cole, released as the fifth and final single from his debut studio album Cole World: The Sideline Story. The song, featuring fellow rapper Missy Elliott, was produced by Cole himself and interpolates "Think" as performed by Curtis Mayfield. The song was serviced to urban radio on February 7, 2012 through Roc Nation and Columbia.

Interpolation (popular music)
In popular music, interpolation (also called a replayed sample) refers to using a melody—or portions of a melody (often with modified lyrics)—from a previously recorded song but re-recording the melody instead of directly sampling it. Interpolation is often cited as a legal defence to mask unlicensed sampling when the artist or label who owns the recording of the music declines to license the sample, or if licensing the piece of music is considered too costly.
Jakkur Cross metro station
Jakkur Cross is an upcoming elevated metro station on the North-South corridor of the Blue Line of Namma Metro in Bangalore, India. This metro station will consist of the main Phoenix Mall of Asia, Jakkur suburban area, Jakkur Aerodrome followed by many neighbouring areas like Kodigehalli, Jakkur Lake and Gandhi Krishi Vigyana Kendra, a Deemed-to-be-University in North Bengaluru, India. This metro station is slated to be operational around June 2026.

Gandhi Krishi Vigyana Kendra
Gandhi Krishi Vigyana Kendra (GKVK) is the main campus of the University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru. It is located in Bengaluru Suburb Yelahanka, Karnataka, India. In the past the university had a campus at Hebbal and experimental fields where the current Hebbal flyover stands.The university was split into two universities to deal with the animal sciences and agricultural sciences. The colleges within the campus were originally of agriculture, horticulture, forestry sericulture, and with a basic sciences and humanities block. These were reorganized leaving only the college of agriculture on the campus.
Soft state
In computer science, soft state is state which is useful for efficiency, but not essential, as it can be regenerated or replaced if needed. The term is often used in network protocol engineering.

It is a term that is used for information that times out (goes away) unless refreshed, which allows protocols to recover from errors in certain services. The term was coined by David D. Clark in his description of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) internet protocols.

While in general less efficient than well-designed "hard state" protocols when tuned for a particular network regime, soft state protocols behave much better than hard state protocols in an unpredictable network environment such as the Internet.

State (computer science)
In information technology and computer science, a system is described as stateful if it is designed to remember preceding events or user interactions; the remembered information is called the state of the system.

The set of states a system can occupy is known as its state space. In a discrete system, the state space is countable and often finite. The system's internal behaviour or interaction with its environment consists of separately occurring individual actions or events, such as accepting input or producing output, that may or may not cause the system to change its state. Examples of such systems are digital logic circuits and components, automata and formal language, computer programs, and computers.

The output of a digital circuit or deterministic computer program at any time is completely determined by its current inputs and its state.
Paper abortion
Paper abortion, also known as a financial abortion, male abortion or a statutory abortion, is the proposed ability of the biological father, before the birth of the child, to opt out of any rights, privileges, and responsibilities toward the child, including financial support.  By this means, before a child is born, a man would be able to absolve himself of both the privileges and demands of fatherhood.

Hermesmann v. Seyer
Hermesmann v. Seyer (State of Kansas ex rel. Hermesmann v. Seyer, 847 P.2d 1273 (Kan. 1993)) was a precedent-setting Kansas, United States, case in which Colleen Hermesmann successfully argued that a woman is entitled to sue the father of her child for child support even if conception occurred as a result of a criminal act committed by the woman. The case was brought in her name by the then Kansas Department of Social and Rehabilitation Services.
Dorothy Monekosso
Dorothy Ndedi Monekosso is a British academic. She is a professor of computer science in the School of Computer Science and Digital Technologies and Deputy Dean of Research and Enterprise at Aston University. She researches ambient assisted living (AAL), intelligent environments, smart homes, and assistive robotics.

Home automation
Home automation or domotics is building automation for a home. A home automation system will monitor and/or control home attributes such as lighting, climate, entertainment systems, and appliances. It may also include home security such as access control and alarm systems.

The phrase smart home refers to home automation devices that have internet access.  Home automation, a broader category, includes any device that can be monitored or controlled via wireless radio signals, not just those having internet access.  When connected with the Internet, home sensors and activation devices are an important constituent of the Internet of Things ("IoT").

A home automation system typically connects controlled devices to a central smart home hub (sometimes called a "gateway"). The user interface for control of the system uses either wall-mounted terminals, tablet or desktop computers, a mobile phone application, or a Web interface that may also be accessible off-site through the Internet.
Susanna White
Susanna White (born 1960 or 1961) is a British television and film director.

She spent twelve years making documentaries for BBC2, but is best known for directing the BBC miniseries Jane Eyre, HBO miniseries Generation Kill, and Disney+ series Andor. She has won multiple awards, including one BAFTA Television Award, and received numerous nominations, including nominations for two Primetime Emmy Awards and two BAFTA Awards.

British Academy Television Awards
British Academy Television Awards, or the BAFTA TV Awards are presented in an annual award show hosted by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts. They have been awarded annually since 1955. The BAFTA TV Awards are recognised internationally as the highest honour in British and world television, equivalent to the BAFTA Film Awards for cinema, Laurence Olivier Awards for theatre, and the BRIT Awards for music. The BAFTA TV Awards are considered equivalent to the Emmy Awards.
Johann Gottfried Hoche
Johann Gottfried Hoche (25 September 1762 in Gratzungen – 2 May 1836 in Gröningen) was a German Protestant theologian and historian. He was the father of writer Louise Aston (1814–1871).

He studied history and theology at the University of Halle, where his instructors included Johann Salomo Semler and Johann August Nösselt. In 1800 he was named second clergyman in the town of Gröningen, near Halberstadt. In 1805 he attained the positions of senior minister and superintendent, and soon afterwards, was appointed to the consistory in Halberstadt. Following the dissolution of Halberstadt consistory in 1816, he was offered a position in Magdeburg, but chose to remain in Gröningen, where he died in 1836.

Halberstadt
Halberstadt (German pronunciation: [ˈhalbɐˌʃtat] ⓘ; Eastphalian: Halverstidde) is a town in the state of Saxony-Anhalt in central Germany, the capital of Harz district. Located north of the Harz mountain range, it is known for its old town center, which was largely destroyed by Allied bombings in the late stages of World War II after local Nazi leaders refused to surrender. The town was rebuilt in the following decades.

In World War I Halberstadt was the site of a German military airbase and aircraft-manufacturing facilities. In World War II Halberstadt was a regional production center for Junkers aircraft, which also housed an SS forced labor camp. Halberstadt now includes the area where the Langenstein-Zwieberge concentration camp was situated.

Today the city has around 450 timber framed houses in its city centre and timber framed old villages like Langenstein.
San Marino Open (tennis)
The Internazionali di Tennis San Marino Open (formerly known as the San Marino CEPU Open and San Marino GO&FUN Open) is a professional tennis tournament played on red clay. It is currently part of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour and has been held annually in San Marino since 1988 (as a Challenger in 1988, as a Grand Prix Regular Series tournament in 1989, as an ATP World Series tournament from 1990 to 1999, as an ATP International Series tournament in 2000, and as a Challenger again from 2001 until 2014, returned in 2021). For the first three years it was held at Centro Sportivo Serravalle before moving to its current home in 1991, the Centro Tennis Cassa di Risparmio di Fonte dell'Ovo in the City of San Marino.

City of San Marino
The City of San Marino (Italian: Città di San Marino), also known simply as San Marino and locally as Città, is the capital city of the Republic of San Marino and one of its nine castelli. It has a population of 4,118. It is on the western slopes of San Marino's highest point, Monte Titano. It is also the fifth-least-populated national capital in the world.
Georgia State Route 920
State Route 920 (SR 920) was a 17.1-mile (27.5 km) arterial road in the Metro Atlanta area in the state of Georgia. The route number was a temporary designation placed along the route while it is upgraded to be converted to be a future alignment of SR 81. It connects the county seat of Henry County, McDonough, to the seat of Fayette County, Fayetteville via SR 54. It is known locally as Jonesboro Street in the city limits of McDonough, Jonesboro Road in Henry County, and McDonough Road in Clayton and Fayette counties. In honor of the late founder of Chick-fil-A, the majority of the route is signed as the S. Truett Cathy Highway. In August 2023, the route was officially dissolved.

U.S. Route 41
U.S. Route 41, also U.S. Highway 41 (US 41), is a major north–south United States Numbered Highway that runs from Miami, Florida, to the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. Until 1949, the part in southern Florida, from Naples to Miami, was US 94. The highway's southern terminus is in the Brickell neighborhood of Downtown Miami at an intersection with Brickell Avenue (US 1), and its northern terminus is east of Copper Harbor, Michigan, at a modest cul-de-sac near Fort Wilkins Historic State Park at the tip of the Keweenaw Peninsula. US 41 is closely paralleled by Interstate 75 (I-75) from Naples, Florida, all the way through Georgia to Chattanooga, Tennessee.
Cape Coloureds
Cape Coloureds (Afrikaans: Kaapse Kleurlinge) are a South African group of Coloured people who are from the Cape region in South Africa which consists of the Western Cape, Northern Cape and the Eastern Cape. Their ancestry comes from the interracial mixing between the European, the indigenous Khoi and San, the Xhosa plus other Bantu people, indentured labourers imported from the British Raj, slaves imported from the Dutch East Indies, immigrants from the Levant or Yemen (or a combination of all). Eventually, all these ethnic and racial groups intermixed with each other, forming a group of mixed-race people that became known as the "Cape Coloureds".

Trekboers
The Trekboers (/ˈtrɛkbʊərz/ Afrikaans: Trekboere) were nomadic or seminomadic pastoralists descended from mostly Dutch colonists on the frontiers of the Dutch Cape Colony in Southern Africa. The Trekboers began migrating into the interior from the areas surrounding what is now Cape Town, such as Paarl (settled from 1688), Stellenbosch (founded in 1679), and Franschhoek (settled from 1688), during the late 17th century and throughout the 18th century.
Round Table Talks
The Round Table Talks were a series of negotiations that took place in several countries of the Eastern Bloc between Communists and the opposition. They were a key component in the collapse of the Communist regimes and the smooth transition to democracy.

The Polish Round Table Talks, February-April 1989

The Hungarian Round Table Talks, March-September 1989

The Czechoslovak Round Table Talks, November-December 1989

The East German Round Table Talks, December 1989-March 1990

The Bulgarian Round Table Talks, January-May 1990

Also:

The Congolese Round Table Talks, 1960

Belgo-Congolese Round Table Conference
The Belgo-Congolese Round Table Conference (French: Table ronde belgo-congolaise) was a meeting organized in two parts in 1960 in Brussels (January 20 – February 20 and April 26 – May 16) between on the one side representatives of the Congolese political class and chiefs (French: chefs coutumiers) and on the other side Belgian political and business leaders. The round table meetings led to the adoption of sixteen resolutions on the future of the Belgian Congo and its institutional reforms. With a broad consensus, the date for independence was set on June 30, 1960.
Virginia Mills, Pennsylvania
Virginia Mills, Pennsylvania was an 1889 stop on the Western Extension of the Baltimore and Harrisburg Railway near Fairfield, Pennsylvania and the site of the 1863 Battle of Fairfield in the American Civil War.  The railway was routed near the mill site on the John Linn farm and an 1838 Tapeworm Railroad viaduct on the Rev. A. W. Geigley farm.

Battle of Fairfield
The Battle of Fairfield was a cavalry engagement during the Gettysburg campaign of the American Civil War. It was fought July 3, 1863, near Fairfield, Pennsylvania, concurrently with the Battle of Gettysburg, although it was not a formal part of that battle. While a minor fight by the small number of troops deployed, strategically, the Confederate victory secured the important Hagerstown Road, which Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia would use on July 5 to return to Maryland and then on to safety in Virginia.
Twthill, Rhuddlan
Twthill (Welsh: Twtil) is a Norman castle located near the town of Rhuddlan, Denbighshire in Wales; historic names for the site include Toothill and Tot Hill Castle and it is also known as Old Rhuddlan Castle. It is a motte-and-bailey castle and was later replaced by the much larger, stone-built Rhuddlan Castle. The only remaining visible signs of the old castle are the large mound of the motte, and traces of the wall that surrounded the bailey.

Motte-and-bailey castle
A motte-and-bailey castle is a European fortification with a wooden or stone keep situated on a raised area of ground called a motte, accompanied by a walled courtyard, or bailey, surrounded by a protective ditch and palisade. Relatively easy to build with unskilled labour, but still militarily formidable, these castles were built across northern Europe from the 10th century onwards, spreading from Normandy and Anjou in France, into the Holy Roman Empire, as well as the Low Countries it controlled, in the 11th century, when these castles were popularized in the area that became the Netherlands. The Normans introduced the design into England and Wales. Motte-and-bailey castles were adopted in Scotland, Ireland, and Denmark in the 12th and 13th centuries. By the end of the 13th century, the design was largely superseded by alternative forms of fortification, but the earthworks remain a prominent feature in many countries.
Megisthanidae
Megisthanidae is a family of mites in the order Mesostigmata. It contains 26 currently recognised species, including the largest known Mesostigmata.  There is at least one genus, Megisthanus, in Megisthanidae.

Mite
Mites are small arachnids (eight-legged arthropods) of two large orders, the Acariformes and the Parasitiformes, which were historically grouped together in the subclass Acari. However, most recent genetic analyses do not recover the two as each other's closest relative within Arachnida, rendering the group invalid as a clade. Most mites are tiny, less than 1 mm (0.04 in) in length, and have a simple, unsegmented body plan. The small size of most species makes them easily overlooked; some species live in water, many live in soil as decomposers, others live on plants, sometimes creating galls, while others are predators or parasites. This last type includes the commercially destructive Varroa parasite of honey bees, as well as scabies mites of humans. Most species are harmless to humans, but a few are associated with allergies or may transmit diseases.

The scientific discipline devoted to the study of mites is called acarology.
1953 Lebanese general election
General elections were held in Lebanon between 12 July and 9 August 1953, the first under the new electoral system which allowed candidates to win with a plurality of votes, rather than requiring a second round. Independent candidates won the majority of seats. Voter turnout was 50.0%. Candidate Kazem al-Khalil of Tyre constituency won unopposed.

Tyre, Lebanon
Tyre is a city in Lebanon, and one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. It was one of the earliest Phoenician metropolises and the legendary birthplace of Europa, her brothers Cadmus and Phoenix, and Carthage's founder Dido (Elissa). The city has many ancient sites, including the Tyre Hippodrome, and was added as a whole to the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in 1984. The historian Ernest Renan described it as "a city of ruins, built out of ruins".

Tyre is the fifth-largest city in Lebanon after Beirut, Tripoli, Sidon, and Baalbek. It is the capital of the Tyre District in the South Governorate. There were approximately 200,000 inhabitants in the Tyre urban area in 2016, including many refugees, as the city hosts three of the twelve Palestinian refugee camps in Lebanon: Burj El Shimali, El Buss, and Rashidieh.
Lia
Lia is a feminine given name. In the Spanish-speaking world, it is accented Lía. In English-speaking countries, the name may be a variant of Leah or Lea. Lia may be a diminutive of various names including Julia, Cecilia, Amelia, Talia, Cornelia, Ophelia, Rosalia / Roselia, Natalia, Aurelia, Adalia / Adelia, Ailia, Apulia, Alia / Aleah. In Hebrew, the name means to me, God and is also the Israeli version of the English pronunciation of Leah or Lea. It can also be a surname.

Rosalia (given name)
Rosalia is a feminine given name of Latin origin meaning "rose" and was the name of an early saint Saint Rosalia. In Latin, the Rosalia was a festival of roses celebrated variously throughout the Roman Empire.