hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Itow Takumi
Itō Takumi (伊藤 卓美, born on January 15, 1946, in the Miyagi Prefecture, Japan) is a prominent Japanese printmaker and president of the Japan Print Society. His artwork has been featured on Japan Post postage stamps as well as featured in exhibitions at the Library of Congress and the Peabody Essex Museum in Salem, Massachusetts. Takumi currently teaches woodblock printing at Waseda University in Tokyo.

Takumi's interest in the woodblock printing began at a young age when his father, a painter, encouraged his study of the arts. Having a special interest in Japanese matsuri festivals and folk art, especially mingei, many of Takumi's prints explore the local cultures of Japan's rural areas, such as his own Miyagi Prefecture.

Peabody Essex Museum
The Peabody Essex Museum (PEM) in Salem, Massachusetts, US, is a successor to the East India Marine Society, established in 1799.  It combines the collections of the former Peabody Museum of Salem (which acquired the Society's collection) and the Essex Institute. PEM is one of the oldest continuously operating museums in the United States  and holds one of the major collections of Asian art in the United States. Its total holdings include about 1.3 million pieces, as well as twenty-two historic buildings.

After opening newly expanded spaces in 2019, PEM now ranks in the top 10 North American art museums in terms of gallery square footage, operating budget and endowment.  The PEM holds more than 840,000 works of historical and cultural art covering maritime, American, Asian, Oceanic and African art, Asian export art, and two large libraries with over 400,000 books and manuscripts.
Fauna of Connecticut
The fauna of Connecticut comprise a variety of animal species.

The state bird is the American robin.

The state insect is the European mantis.

The state animal is the sperm whale.

The state shellfish is the eastern oyster.

The state fish is the American shad.

The state fossil is the Eubrontes giganteus.

European mantis
The European mantis (Mantis religiosa) is a large hemimetabolic insect in the Mantidae family, which is the largest family of the order Mantodea (mantises). Their common name praying mantis is derived from the distinctive posture of the first pair of legs that can be observed the mantis is in repose, resembling a praying position. Both males and females have elongated bodies with two pairs of wings. The most striking features that the species (and all mantodeans) have are a very mobile, triangular head with large compound eyes and their first pair of legs (the 'raptorial legs'), which is highly modified for the efficient capture and restraint of fast-moving or flying prey.

In Germany, M. religiosa is listed as Gefährdet [endangered] on the German Red List on the basis of an assessment from 1998. It is not supposed to be caught or held as a pet. At a global level, it is assessed by the IUCN as least concern.
Denel NTW-20
The NTW-20 is a South African anti-materiel rifle, developed by Denel Mechem in the 1990s. It is intended for deployment against targets including parked aircraft, telecommunication masts, power lines, missile sites, radar installations, refineries, satellite dishes, gun emplacements, bunkers, and personnel, using a range of specialised projectiles.: 223

Satellite dish
A satellite dish is a dish-shaped type of parabolic antenna designed to receive or transmit information by radio waves to or from a communication satellite.  The term most commonly means a dish which receives direct-broadcast satellite television from a direct broadcast satellite in geostationary orbit.
Bernard Pilon
J.-E. Bernard Pilon (1 August 1918 – 17 November 1970) was a Canadian insurance broker and politician. Pilon served as a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in Vaudreuil, Quebec.

He was first elected at the Chambly—Rouville riding in the 1962 general election, then re-elected there in the 1963 and 1965 federal elections. For the 1968 federal election, riding boundaries were realigned and Pilon was a candidate at the Chambly electoral district.

Pilon died in Montreal on 17 November 1970 due to a heart attack before completing his term in the 28th Canadian Parliament.

1965 Canadian federal election
The 1965 Canadian federal election was held on November 8, 1965, to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 27th Parliament of Canada. The Liberal Party of Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson was re-elected to government, winning more seats than any other party. It won more seats in the House even though it received a smaller share of the popular vote. It fell short of a majority government. It formed a minority government that due to support from other MPs, lasted three years.
Stausee Mapragg
Stausee Mapragg (Mapragg reservoir) is located at Pfäfers in the Canton of St. Gallen, Switzerland. Its surface area is 26 ha (64 acres). The reservoir and Gigerwaldsee are operated by Kraftwerke Sarganserwald (NOK group) for pumped-storage hydroelectricity.

Canton of St. Gallen
The canton of St. Gallen or St Gall (German: Kanton St. Gallen [zaŋkt ˈɡalən] ⓘ; Romansh: Chantun Son Gagl; French: Canton de Saint-Gall; Italian: Canton San Gallo) is a canton of Switzerland. Its capital is St. Gallen.

Located in northeastern Switzerland, the canton has an area of 2,026 km2 (782 sq mi) (5% of Switzerland) and a resident population close to half a million as of 2015 (6% of Switzerland). It was formed in 1803 as a conflation of the city of St. Gallen, the territories of the Abbey of St. Gall and various former subject territories of the Old Swiss Confederacy.
Tomi Mäkelä
Tomi Matti Mäkelä (born 3 January 1964 in Lahti) is a Finnish musicologist and pianist, professor at the Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg in Germany. He studied music and musicology in Lahti, Vienna, Berlin (West) and Helsinki. As a pianist he studied with Rauno Jussila and Noel Flores. He got his doctoral degree 1988 in Berlin under the guidance of Carl Dahlhaus. He has published widely on the music of the nineteenth and twentieth century. His German book on Sibelius Poesie in der Luft (Breitkopf & Härtel 2007) got the award Geisteswissenschaft international 2008 and was published in English translation by Steven Lindberg as Jean Sibelius (2011). 2023 Tomi Mäkelä received the Fredrik-Pacius-Award of the Swedish Literature Society in Finland (Svenska litteratursällskapet i Finland).

Carl Dahlhaus
Carl Dahlhaus (10 June 1928 – 13 March 1989) was a German musicologist who was among the leading postwar musicologists of the mid to late 20th-century. A prolific scholar, he had broad interests though his research focused on 19th- and 20th-century classical music, both areas in which he made significant advancements. However, he remains best known in the English-speaking world for his writings on Wagner. Dahlhaus wrote on many other composers, including Josquin, Gesualdo, Bach and Schoenberg.

He spent the bulk of his career as head of Technische Universität Berlin's musicology department, which he raised to an international standard. Dahlhaus pioneered the development of numerous musicological fields, particularly the aesthetics of music, which he raised to a central status. Active as a historian, analyst, editor and organizer, he was massively influential and his work has since incited considerable discussion and debate.
Commonwealth Governor's School
The Commonwealth Governor's School (CGS) is one of 18 magnet Governor's Schools in Virginia. The Commonwealth Governor's School is a half-day program for gifted and highly motivated students based on a school-within-a-school model. Unlike many school programs, CGS is merit based (getting in to the program is based on a list of things, each with a certain number of points assigned) . Students are selected from Stafford, Spotsylvania, Caroline, and King George counties. Students may attend CGS in grades 9 through 12.

King George County, Virginia
King George County is a county located in the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population sits at 26,723. Its county seat is the census designated place of King George. The county's largest employer is the U.S. Naval Surface Warfare Center Dahlgren Division. It is adjacent to the newly built, four-lane, 2-mile-long (3.2 km) Harry W. Nice Memorial Bridge carrying U.S. Highway 301 over the Potomac River.
It contains the ZIP codes 22448 (Dahlgren) and 22485 (all other areas within King George). It is within the area code 540 and contains the exchanges: 775, 644, 663, and 653.
Ōmiya, Saitama
Ōmiya (大宮市, Ōmiya-shi) was a city located in Saitama Prefecture, Japan.

On May 1, 2001, Ōmiya was merged with the cities of Urawa and Yono to create the city of Saitama. This merger aimed to streamline administrative functions and promote regional development. In 2003, Saitama City became a designated city, leading to the establishment of wards, including Ōmiya Ward, which encompasses much of the former Ōmiya-shi area.

Since April 1, 2003, the area of former Ōmiya City has been divided into 4 wards: Kita-ku, Minuma-ku, Nishi-ku and Ōmiya-ku of Saitama City.

Minuma-ku, Saitama
Minuma-ku (見沼区, Minuma-ku) is one of ten wards of the city of Saitama, in Saitama Prefecture, Japan, and is located in the northern part of the city. As of 1 March 2021, the ward had an estimated population of 163,869 and a population density of 5300 persons per km². Its total area was 29.14 square kilometres (11.25 sq mi).
Kaleńsko
Kaleńsko [kaˈlɛɲskɔ] (German: Kalenzig) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Boleszkowice, and is located within Myślibórz County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland, close to the German border. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) south of Boleszkowice, 40 km (25 mi) south-west of Myślibórz, and 87 km (54 mi) south of the regional capital Szczecin.

The village has a population of 46.

Myślibórz County
Myślibórz County (Polish: powiat myśliborski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship (a voivodeship, or province that is found in northwestern Poland along the German border). It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the town of Myślibórz, which lies 57 kilometres (35 mi) south of the regional capital Szczecin. The county also contains the towns of Barlinek, lying 24 km (15 mi) east of Myślibórz, and Dębno, 25 km (16 mi) southwest of Myślibórz.

The county covers an area of 1,181.95 square kilometres (456.4 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 67,412, out of which the population of Barlinek is 14,156, that of Dębno is 13,903, that of Myślibórz is 11,867, and the rural population is 27,486.
Conception Bay Sports Arena
The Conception Bay Sports Arena, also known as the Bay Roberts Arena, was an open-air ice arena with an artificial ice surface located in Bay Roberts, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. The arena was located on the Conception Bay highway at the hub of the communities of Bay Roberts, Coley's Point, Brigus, Shearstown, Harbour Grace and Carbonear. The rink had the first artificial ice surface in Conception Bay but was used less than three years from 1956 to 1958.

Brigus
Brigus is a small fishing community located in Conception Bay, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. Brigus was home to Captain Bob Bartlett and the location of his residence Hawthorne Cottage.

Brigus was incorporated in July 1964. Its first mayor was Fred Bartlett. The current mayor is Shears Mercer Jr. Rev. R. Wells was the first clergy mayor elected in the province.
Foullon
Foullon is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abel Foullon (1513–1563 or 1565), French writer and engineer

Joseph Foullon de Doué (1715–1789), French politician

Rachel Foullon (born 1978), American artist

Raúl Foullon (born 1955), Mexican judoka

Joseph Foullon de Doué
Joseph-François Foullon de Doué (25 June 1715 – 22 July 1789) was a French politician and a Controller-General of Finances under Louis XVI.

A deeply unpopular figure during the French Revolution, he was supposed to be lynched à la lanterne on 22 July. However, since the ropes used for hanging broke several times, he was eventually beheaded by an angry mob, who then impaled his head on a pike and paraded it through the streets of Paris with a tuft of hay in his mouth. At the same time, his son-in-law – the Intendant of Paris, Louis Bénigne François Bertier de Sauvigny – died by hanging from a street lamp.
G5 howitzer
The G5 is a South African towed howitzer of 155 mm calibre developed in South Africa by Denel Land Systems. The G5 design was based on the Canadian GC-45 155 mm gun which was highly modified to suit southern African conditions.

South African Defence Force
The South African Defence Force (SADF) (Afrikaans: Suid-Afrikaanse Weermag) comprised the armed forces of South Africa from 1957 until 1994. Shortly before the state reconstituted itself as a republic in 1961, the former Union Defence Force was officially succeeded by the SADF, which was established by the Defence Act (No. 44) of 1957. The SADF, in turn, was superseded by the South African National Defence Force in 1994.
Jorge Martínez (motorcyclist)
Jorge Martínez Salvadores (born 29 August 1962), nicknamed "Aspar", is a Spanish former professional motorcycle racer and racing team manager. He competed in the Grand Prix road racing world championships from 1982 to 1997.

Martínez is one of the most successful motorcycle racers in Grand Prix motorcycle racing history with 22 Grand Prix victories to his name in the 80 cc class and a further 15 wins in the 125 cc class.

After retiring from active competition, Martínez became a successful motorcycle racing team owner. In 2019, Martínez was inducted into the MotoGP Hall of Fame.

Motorcycle racing
The motorcycle sport of racing (also called moto racing and motorbike racing) includes motorcycle road racing and off-road racing, both either on circuits or open courses, and track racing. Other categories include hill climbs, drag racing and land speed record trials.
Max Carpenter
Macquarie Gordon "Max" Carpenter (17 April 1911 — 28 June 1988) was an Australian rugby union international.

Carpenter, born in Trangie, New South Wales, attended Randwick Intermediate High School and was a state schoolboys rugby league representative. He also played Linton Cup tennis for his state, notably beating Adrian Quist in 1929.

A speedy three-quarter, Carpenter started his rugby career in Western Australia after he had to move to Perth in 1930 for employment. His Wallabies caps came later while he was based in Melbourne, where he played for Footscray. Selected by the Wallabies in 1938 as a winger and goal-kicker, Carpenter contributed 20 of his team's 23 points in his two Bledisloe Cup appearances, including a two-try performance in Brisbane. He was on the 1939–40 tour of Britain and Ireland, that was abandoned two days after the team's arrival because of the war.

Carpenter coached Sydney clubs Drummoyne and Parramatta in the immediate post-war period.

1939–40 Australia rugby union tour of Britain and Ireland
The 1939–40 Australia rugby union tour of Britain and Ireland commenced with the departure of the Australian squad by ship from Sydney, Australia on 21 July 1939. The team is remembered as The Second Wallabies, however their tour was prematurely ended by Britain's declaration of war on Nazi Germany just two days after the team arrived in the UK on 2 September 1939. The side played only one match - at Bombay in India during their return journey. The tour was the first full scale trip to the British Isles attempted by the Australian national side since the First Wallaby tour of 1908 and the 1927/8 Waratah Tour (which has retrospectively been accorded national representative status). It was followed by the Third Wallaby Tour of 1947/8.
Štale
Štale (pronounced [ˈʃtaːlɛ]; German: Stalldorf) is a remote abandoned settlement in the Municipality of Semič in southern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region. Its territory is now part of the village of Komarna Vas.

Komarna Vas
Komarna Vas (pronounced [kɔˈmaːɾna ˈʋaːs]; German: Muckendorf or Obertappelwerch) is a village on the eastern edge of Kočevski Rog in the Municipality of Semič in Slovenia. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.
Volksraad (Dutch East Indies)
The Volksraad (People's Council) was an advisory, and later semi-legislative institution for the Dutch East Indies, provided for by law in 1916 but only established with the actual installation of the Council in 1918. It was a hesitant and slow attempt at democratisation of the Dutch East Indies as part of the "ethical policy" adopted by the Dutch government. The power of the Volksraad was limited as it only had advisory powers. Although part of the council was elected, only a small proportion of the population had voting rights.

Initially, the Volksraad had 39 members, eventually rising to 60. It was reconstituted every four years. The members were partly elected, and partly appointed by the colonial administration.

Sawah Besar
Sawah Besar is a district (kecamatan) of Central Jakarta, Indonesia. Its neighborhoods are among the most historic, containing the 1820-established Pasar Baru ("New Market"), the new colonial city – Weltevreden – and the old course of the Ciliwung River. Landmarks include the Lapangan Banteng (formerly Waterloo Square), the government's 19th century, low-rise A.A. Maramis Building and its high palmed-lawned vista (being the intended palace of Daendels), and Jakarta Cathedral.
2 Penkuttikal
2 Penkuttikal (English: Two Girls) is a 2016 Indian Malayalam film directed by Jeo Baby. It stars Anna Fathima and Shambavi in the lead roles with cameo appearances from Amala Paul, Tovino Thomas, and Anju Kurian. Fathima won Kerala State Film Award for Best Child Artist for her role in the film. 2 Penkuttikal was screened at the Odisha International Film Festival and Busan Kids and Youth International Film Festival.

Anju Kurian
Anju Kurian is an Indian actress and model who appears mainly in Malayalam and Tamil films. She is best known for her roles in the Malayalam films Kavi Uddheshichathu (2016), Njan Prakashan (2018) and Igloo (2019).
1896 Summer Olympics medal table
The 1896 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the I Olympiad, were a summer multi-sport event held in Athens, the capital of Greece, from 6 to 15 April 1896, and were the first Olympic Games of the Modern era.

A total of 241 athletes from 14 nations participated in 43 events in nine sports at these games.

Ten of the fourteen participating nations earned medals, and three medals were won by mixed teams, i.e., teams made up of athletes from multiple nations. The United States won the most gold medals (11) with 14 athletes participating. In contrast, the host nation, Greece, with 169 athletes participating, won the most medals overall (47) as well as the most silver (18) and bronze (19) medals, finishing with one less gold medal than the United States, having 155 athletes more than the U.S.

Tennis at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's singles
The men's singles was one of two tennis events on the Tennis at the 1896 Summer Olympics programme. The fifteen entrants were seeded into a single-elimination tournament, with thirteen competing. They represented six nations.
Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative
Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative (MDRI) was approved in June 2005 by the finance ministers of the G8 during the 31st G8 Summit, held at Gleneagles, Scotland. MDRI is different to HIPC, but operationally related. Countries in the termination point get full relief of their debt with IMF, International Development Association (IDA) and the African Development Bank (AfDB). MDRI was approved for encouraging debtor countries to continue their political reforms. For reasons of equal treatment of Low Income Countries (LIC) the relieved debts were counted when new ancillary remedies were guaranteed by IDA and AfDB. G8 members committed themselves to compensate IDA and AfDB refluxes with further remedies. These compensations will be shared among IDA and AfDB beneficiary countries according to the efforts they make (performance based allocation).

African Development Bank
The African Development Bank Group  (AfDB, also known as BAD in French) is a multilateral development finance institution, headquartered in Abidjan, Ivory Coast, since September 2014. The AfDB is a financial provider to African governments and private companies investing in the regional member countries (RMC).

The AfDB was founded in 1964 by the Organisation of African Unity, which is the predecessor of the African Union.

The AfDB comprises three entities: The African Development Bank, the African Development Fund and the Nigeria Trust Fund.
Lindley Murray Hoag
Lindley Murray Hoag (September 29, 1808 – November 1880) was a Quaker missionary and minister. Hoag is known for purportedly having had a vision of a place by a lake in Norway. He travelled there and gathered with Friends (Quakers) at meetings. He recruited about 40 to move to the United States. He also travelled extensively in other areas of the U.S. and to Europe on missionary trips.

He was the son of Joseph Hoag and Huldah Hoag, both Quaker ministers. A memoir was written for his wife who was also named Huldah.

Hoag moved from Wolfeboro, New Hampshire, to Iowa. He had at least four children, Hannah H. Liggett, who was active in the temperance movement; Joseph Lindley Hoag who was a druggist; Zeno K. Hoag; and a son who reportedly died at sea in his teens. He died, aged 72, in Iowa Falls, Iowa.

Iowa Falls, Iowa
Iowa Falls is a city in Hardin County, Iowa, United States. Iowa Falls is the home of Ellsworth Community College. It is also a regional transportation center, located along U.S. Routes 20 and 65 and the Canadian National and Union Pacific Railroads. The population was 5,106 at the time of the 2020 census.
Richard Ellis (biologist)
Richard Ellis (April 2, 1938 – May 21, 2024) was an American marine biologist, author, and illustrator. He was a research associate in the American Museum of Natural History's division of paleontology, special adviser to the American Cetacean Society, and a member of the Explorers Club. He was a U.S. delegate to the International Whaling Commission from 1980 to 1990.

Despite no formal training in marine biology, painting or writing, his paintings have been exhibited in galleries and museums around the world, and his murals can be seen in the Denver Museum of Natural History, the New Bedford Whaling Museum in Massachusetts, and Whaleworld, a museum in Albany, Western Australia.  He authored and illustrated more than two dozen books on marine life.

American Cetacean Society
The American Cetacean Society (ACS) was the first whale conservation group in the world. Founded in 1967, ACS is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization with an office in San Pedro, California and chapters in Los Angeles, Orange County, Puget Sound (Seattle), Monterey, San Francisco, and a Student Coalition based out of Indiana University. The mission of the American Cetacean Society is to protect whales, dolphins, porpoises, and their habitats through public education, research grants, and conservation actions.  ACS's programs are almost entirely conducted by volunteers.