hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
History of the University of South Carolina
This history of the University of South Carolina began in the 18th century when intersectional differences arose between the Lowcountry and the Upstate. It was conceived that a state supported college located in the center of the state at Columbia, South Carolina, would foster friendships between those of both regions thus allowing the state to present a united front to the nation when threatened with issues jeopardizing the South Carolina way of life. The University of South Carolina's history can be described in four distinct phases: a firebrand college (1801–1862), constant reorganization (1865–1891), college to university (1891–1944) and the state's university (1944–present).

Henry E. Hayne
Henry E. Hayne (December 30, 1840 – d.n.d.) was a politician in South Carolina during the Reconstruction era. Born free in Charleson, South Carolina, he served in the South Carolina Senate and as Secretary of State of South Carolina in the 1870s. In 1873, he became the first student of color at the University of South Carolina medical school. A Republican, he was a delegate to the 1868 South Carolina Constitutional Convention.
GER Class G58
The GER Class G58 (LNER Class J17) is a class of 0-6-0 steam tender locomotives designed by James Holden for the Great Eastern Railway in England.  The class consisted partly of new locomotives built from 1905 to 1911 and partly of rebuilds of the earlier GER Class F48 built from 1900 to 1903.  The rebuilding started under GER auspices from 1921 and was continued by the London and North Eastern Railway (LNER) after grouping in 1923.

Tender (rail)
A tender is a special rail vehicle hauled by a steam locomotive containing its fuel (wood, coal, oil or torrefied biomass) and water. Steam locomotives consume large quantities of water compared to the quantity of fuel, so their tenders are necessary to keep them running over long distances. A locomotive that pulls a tender is called either a tender locomotive or a tender engine. Locomotives that do not have tenders and carry all their fuel and water on board are called tank locomotives or tank engines.

A corridor tender is a locomotive tender with a passageway to one side, allowing crew changes on the fly.

A brake tender is a tender that is heavy and used (primarily) to provide greater braking efficiency.
The Initiation of Sarah
The Initiation of Sarah is a 1978 American made-for-television supernatural horror film directed by Robert Day. It first aired on ABC on February 6, 1978, and starred Kay Lenz as a shy, withdrawn young woman who discovers that she has psychic powers after joining a sorority. The film achieved some controversy upon its initial airing on television as part of the film's plot involved Morgan Fairchild wearing a wet T-shirt after being thrown into a fountain, something that had not been previously shown in a made-for-TV movie.

The film was later re-made in 2006 for ABC Family and Fairchild returned to portray the mother of the titular Sarah and her sister, who was renamed Lindsay. Fairchild initially regretted portraying Jennifer in the 1978 film but later changed her mind after producer Chuck Fries stated that while it was easy to find an ingenue, it was difficult to find someone who could play a convincing "bitch".

Tony Bill
Gerard Anthony Bill (born August 23, 1940) is an American actor, producer, and director. He produced the 1973 movie The Sting, for which he shared the Academy Award for Best Picture with Michael Phillips and Julia Phillips. As an actor, Bill had supporting roles in Come Blow Your Horn (1963), Shampoo (1975), Pee-wee's Big Adventure (1985), and Less than Zero (1987). He made his directorial debut with My Bodyguard (1980) and directed the films Six Weeks (1982), Five Corners (1987), Crazy People (1990), Untamed Heart (1993), and Flyboys (2006).
Nadia Ferreira
Nadia Tamara Ferreira (born 10 May 1999) is a Paraguayan fashion model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Universe Paraguay 2021. As Miss Universe Paraguay, Ferreira represented Paraguay at Miss Universe 2021, where she placed as the first runner-up. Ferreira had previously been crowned Miss Teen Universe Paraguay 2015, and placed as the third runner-up at Miss Teen Universe 2015.

As a fashion model, Ferreira first garnered recognition in 2018, after being selected to walk in the F/W 2018 show for Custo Barcelona at New York Fashion Week. She has since appeared in Harper's Bazaar, Cosmopolitan, L'Officiel, and Robb Report Singapore.

Robb Report
The Robb Report is an American, English-language, luxury-lifestyle magazine featuring products, including automobiles, aviation, boating, real estate and watches. Founded in 1976, it is currently owned by Penske Media Corporation. It also distributes Muse by Robb Report, a luxury magazine targeting female readers.
MetaDONE
MetaDONE is a software environment for creating domain-specific modeling languages (DSML). MetaDONE is developed by the PReCISE Research Center of the University of Namur (Belgium). It supports multi-level modeling and is fully bootstrapped. User-defined languages can have several concrete notations that are defined  declaratively with the GraSyLa language. This framework proposes several modeling languages (Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN), User Requirements Notation (URN), Goal-oriented Requirements Language (GRL), Petri Net) that can be freely customized  by the users.

Bootstrapping (compilers)
In computer science, bootstrapping is the technique for producing a self-compiling compiler – that is, a compiler (or assembler) written in the source programming language that it intends to compile. An initial core version of the compiler (the bootstrap compiler) is generated in a different language (which could be assembly language); successive expanded versions of the compiler are developed using this minimal subset of the language. The problem of compiling a self-compiling compiler has been called the chicken-or-egg problem in compiler design, and bootstrapping is a solution to this problem.

Bootstrapping is a fairly common practice when creating a programming language. Many compilers for many programming languages are bootstrapped, including compilers for ALGOL, BASIC, C, Common Lisp, D, Eiffel, Elixir, Factor, Go, Haskell, Java, Modula-2, Nim, Oberon, OCaml, Pascal, PL/I, Python, Rust, Scala, Scheme, TypeScript, Vala, Zig and more.
Smlednik
Smlednik (pronounced [ˈsmleːdnik]; German: Flödnig) is a village on the left bank of the Sava River in the Municipality of Medvode in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia.

Smlednik is the site of the 18-hole Diners Golf Ljubljana golf course. It can accommodate up to 120 players at the same time.

Municipality of Medvode
The Municipality of Medvode (pronounced [mɛˈdʋoːdɛ] ⓘ; Slovene: Občina Medvode) is a municipality in the traditional region of Upper Carniola in north-central Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Medvode. Medvode became a municipality in 1994.
Brau Kettle
The Brau Kettle is a geological feature known as a karst that is located along the Wallpack Ridge in the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area in Sandyston Township, New Jersey.  Its name derives from the Dutch for "brewing kettle" or "boiling kettle" which describes how water suddenly bubbles up from the ground.  This site is referenced in early French Jesuit and Dutch colonial manuscripts as a landmark near which colonial traders exchanged goods with the Munsee and other local Native American tribes.   According to the New Jersey Geological Survey, the feature looks like a sinkhole in dry times during the year.  It is known to flow at random, after periods of precipitation, and is thought to be fed by a sinking stream that vanishes in the forest roughly 1,800 feet away.

Losing stream
A losing stream, disappearing stream,  influent stream or sinking river is a stream or river that loses water  as it flows downstream. The water  infiltrates into the ground recharging the local groundwater, because the water table is below the bottom of the stream channel. This is the opposite of a more common gaining  stream (or effluent stream) which increases in water volume farther downstream as it gains water from the local aquifer.

Losing streams are common in arid areas due to the climate which results in huge amounts of water evaporating from the river generally towards the mouth. Losing streams are also common in regions of karst topography where the streamwater may be completely captured by a cavern system, becoming a subterranean river.
Mount Tenniel
Mount Tenniel (70°20′S 62°48′W﻿ / ﻿70.333°S 62.800°W﻿ / -70.333; -62.800) is a mountain, 1,625 m, standing 7 nautical miles (13 km) west-northwest of the mouth of Clifford Glacier on the east coast of Palmer Land. Discovered in 1936 by a British Graham Land Expedition (BGLE) sledge party under Rymill. During 1947 it was photographed from the air by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition (RARE) under Ronne, who in conjunction with the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) charted it from the ground. Named in 1952 by Sir Miles Clifford, Government of the Falkland Islands, for his great-uncle Sir John Tenniel, 1820–1914, noted English illustrating artist, humorist, and political cartoonist.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Mount Tenniel". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Palmer Land
Palmer Land (71°30′S 065°00′W﻿ / ﻿71.500°S 65.000°W﻿ / -71.500; -65.000) is the portion of the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica that lies south of a line joining Cape Jeremy and Cape Agassiz. This application of Palmer Land is consistent with the 1964 agreement between the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names and the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee, in which the name Antarctic Peninsula was approved for the major peninsula of Antarctica, and the names Graham Land and Palmer Land for the northern and southern portions, respectively.  The line dividing them is roughly 69° S.
Yury Afanasenko
Yury Afanasenko (born 19 August 1973) is a Belarusian professional football coach and a former player. As a player, he played for Dinamo Minsk, Dinamo Brest, Alania Vladikavkaz, Belshina Bobruisk, and Gomel.

FC Spartak Vladikavkaz
FC Spartak Vladikavkaz  (Russian: Футбольный клуб «Спартак Владикавказ») was a Russian football club based in Vladikavkaz (formerly Ordzhonikidze), North Ossetia–Alania. Founded in 1921, the club played in the Soviet Top League during the communist era, and won its first and only league title in the 1995 Russian Top League.
Andrew Speight Quartet
Andrew Speight Quartet is a self-titled studio album by an Australian jazz group, led by Andrew Speight, which was released in October 1998. The line-up was Speight on alto saxophone, Andrew Dickeson on drums, John Harkins on piano and David Rosin on bass guitar. At the ARIA Music Awards of 1999 it won Best Jazz Album.

ARIA Award for Best Jazz Album
The ARIA Music Award for Best Jazz Album is an award presented within the Fine Arts Awards at the annual ARIA Music Awards.

The award for Best Jazz Album was first presented in 1987, when George Golla Orchestra, received a trophy for their album, Lush Life (1987). Paul Grabowsky has won the award seven times in various guises (leader of the Paul Grabowsky Trio, Paul Grabowsky Sextet, duet with Vince Jones, duet with Katie Noonan, duet with Kate Ceberano and as a member of Wizards Of Oz).
Jonas Lind
Jonas Erik Lind (born 6 June 1962) is a Swedish former footballer who played as midfielder or defender.

He played for IFK Norrköping and IF Sylvia, both from Norrköping. He won Allsvenskan with IFK Norrköping in 1989. He was named the best player in Östergötland in 1992. He played a total of 303 Allsvenskan games for Norrköping during his time there.

He later worked as production manager at E.ON in Norrköping.

Norrköping
Norrköping (/ˈnɔːrʃəpɪŋ/ ⓘ NOR-shə-ping, Swedish: [ˈnɔ̂rːˌɕøːpɪŋ] ⓘ) is a city in the province of Östergötland in eastern Sweden and the seat of Norrköping Municipality, Östergötland County, about 160 km (100 miles) southwest of the national capital Stockholm, 40 km (25 miles) east of county seat Linköping and 60 km (40 miles) west of the Södermanland capital of Nyköping. The city has a population of 98,229 inhabitants in 2023, out of a municipal total of 144,980, making it Sweden's eleventh largest city and tenth largest municipality.

The city is situated by the mouth of the river Motala ström, at Bråviken, an inlet of the Baltic Sea. Water power from the Motala ström and the good harbour were factors that facilitated the rapid growth of this once industrial city, known for its textile industry.
Auken
Auken is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ida Auken, Danish politician

Kirsten Auken, Danish politician

Margrete Auken, Danish politician

Sabine Auken, German bridge player

Svend Auken, Danish politician

Margrete Auken
Margrete Helle Auken (born 6 January 1945) is a Danish politician who served as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from 2004 to 2024. She is a member of the Socialistisk Folkeparti, part of the European Green Party. She was also formerly a Member of the Folketing.

Auken was educated at the University of Copenhagen and is a sognepræst (parish priest) at the Frederiksberg Church in the Church of Denmark.
2024 Țiriac Foundation Trophy – Singles
Miriam Bulgaru won the singles title at the 2024 Țiriac Foundation Trophy, defeating Kathinka von Deichmann in the final, 6–3, 1–6, 6–4.

Astra Sharma was the reigning champion, but withdrew before the tournament began.

Alina Charaeva
Alina Alekseevna Charaeva (Russian: Алина Алексеевна Чараева; born 27 May 2002) is a Russian tennis player.
She has a career-high singles ranking of world No. 171, achieved on 11 August 2025, by the WTA. She has a career-high doubles ranking of No. 203, achieved on 28 July 2025. Charaeva has won six singles and five doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.

She made her WTA Tour debut at the 2019 Kremlin Cup, having received a wildcard into the doubles main draw, partnering with Sofya Lansere.

At the WTA 125 2023 Andorrà Open, Charaeva entered as a wildcard and defeated third seed Océane Dodin in three sets to reach the second round, where she lost to Heather Watson.
Pattinathar
Pattinathar (Tamil: பட்டினத்தார், romanized: Paṭṭiṉattār) is a name identified with two different Tamil individuals, one who lived in 10th century AD and another in 14th century AD. Life events of both individuals had merged in folk literature of 19th and 20th centuries. Literally, 'Pattinathar' means, a person residing in a city.

Tiruvottiyur
Tiruvottriyur (TVT) is a neighbourhood in North Chennai, administered by the Greater Chennai Corporation. It is part of the Tondiarpet division, located to the north of Chennai. It is one of the fifteen administrative zones in the Greater Chennai Corporation. The zone is called Zone 1 (Tiruvottriyur).

Tiruvottriyur has industrial units, trading activity, and nearby fishing hamlets. The area is easily accessible by Metropolitan Transport Corporation (MTC) buses from across the city and has a bus terminus. The area is also served by the Tiruvottiyur railway junction of the Chennai Suburban Railway Network. As of 2011, the neighbourhood had a population of 249,446.
San Francisco del Mezquital
Mezquital (Southeastern Tepehuan: Boodamtam) is a city and seat of the Municipality of Mezquital in the state of Durango north-western Mexico. It is situated on the San Pedro Mezquital River in the northeast of the municipality, near the boundary with the Municipality of Suchil. As of 2010, the town had a  population of 1,742.

There is uncertainty as to the official name of this municipal capital. According to an online encyclopedia of Mexico's municipalities produced by the federal Secretariat of Governance, the name of this city is simply Mezquital, but the federal postal service gives San Francisco del Mezquital, which is the name of the second convent founded in the vicinity during the colonial era.

Durango
Durango, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Durango, is one of the states which make up the 32 federal entities of Mexico, situated in the northwest portion of the country. With a population of 1,832,650, the 8th lowest of Mexico's states, Durango has Mexico's second-lowest population density, after Baja California Sur. The capital city, Victoria de Durango, is named after the first President of Mexico, Guadalupe Victoria.
2008 World Outdoor Bowls Championship – Men's triples
The 2008 World Outdoor Bowls Championship men's triples was held at the Burnside Bowling Club in Christchurch, New Zealand, from 12 to 24 January 2008.

Wayne Hogg, Willie Wood and David Peacock of Scotland won the gold medal.

Willie Wood (bowls)
William Walker Wood MBE (born 26 April 1938 in Haddington, East Lothian) is a former Scottish professional bowls player, who has mainly competed in the outdoor or lawn form of the game. He is regarded as one of the leading bowlers of his generation and his list of achievements include appearing at eight Commonwealth Games and winning two gold medals and eight World Bowls Championship gold medals.
Kate Zambreno
Kate Zambreno (born December 30, 1977) is an American novelist, essayist, critic, and professor. They teach writing in the graduate nonfiction program at Columbia University and at Sarah Lawrence College. Zambreno was a 2021 Guggenheim Fellow in Nonfiction.

Bhanu Kapil
Bhanu Kapil (born 1968) is a British-born poet and author of Indian descent. She is best known for her books The Vertical Interrogation of Strangers (2001), Incubation: A Space for Monsters (2006), and Ban en Banlieue (2015).

In 2020, Kapil won one of eight Windham-Campbell Literature Prizes.
Vexillum pilsbryi
Vexillum pilsbryi is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.

The Australian Faunal Directory considers this species as a synonym of Vexillum rubrum, itself a synonym of Atlantilux rubra (Broderip, 1836).

Costellariidae
Costellariidae sometimes called the "ribbed miters" is a taxonomic family of minute to medium-sized predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks. 
This family of snails is also sometimes referred to as Vexillum miters. The main family of miter shells however is Mitridae, a closely related group.

The monophyly of this family has been confirmed.
Sheila McCarthy
Sheila McCarthy (born January 1, 1956) is a Canadian actress and singer. She has worked in film, television, and on stage. McCarthy is one of Canada's most honoured actors, having won two Genie Awards (film), two Gemini Awards (television), an ACTRA Award, and two Dora Awards (theatre), along with multiple nominations.

ACTRA Award
The ACTRA Awards are Canadian accolades presented since 1972 to celebrate excellence in cinema, television and radio industries. Initially it was organized and presented by the Alliance of Canadian Television and Radio Artists, which represented performers, writers and broadcast journalists, and were responsible for awarding the Nellie statuettes until 1986. That year, they were taken over by the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television to create the new Gemini Awards, although ACTRA continued to present Nellies in radio categories.

The organization relaunched the awards in 2003, this time as a more local-focused film industry award, separately presented by each of ACTRA's regional chapters to honour performances in local film and television production, since expanded to incorporate web series and video games.
Linda Ogugua
Linda Ogugua (born 12 April 1978) is a Nigerian women's basketball center. Ogugua attended Biola University in California, United States and played with the Nigeria women's national basketball team at the 2004 Summer Olympics.

Women's basketball
Women's basketball is the team sport of basketball played by women. It was first played in 1892, one year after men's basketball, at Smith College in Massachusetts. It spread across the United States, in large parts via women's college competitions, and has since spread globally. As of 2020, basketball is one of the most popular and fastest growing sports in the world.

There are multiple professional leagues and tournaments for professional women basketball players. The main North American league is the WNBA. The FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup and Women's Olympic Basketball Tournament feature top national teams from continental championships. In the US, the NCAA Women's Division I Basketball Championship is also popular. The strongest European women's basketball clubs participate in the EuroLeague Women.
David Michaels (epidemiologist)
David Michaels is an American epidemiologist and professor in the Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health and Epidemiology at the Milken Institute School of Public Health of the George Washington University. He held high-level, senate-confirmed public health positions in the administrations of Presidents Barack Obama and Bill Clinton, including a stint from 2009 to 2017 as the administrator of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration.

Milken Institute School of Public Health
The Milken Institute School of Public Health (known as School of Public Health, Milken School, or SPH) is the school of public health of George Washington University in Washington, D.C. U.S. News & World Report University Rankings ranks the Milken SPH as the 11th best public health graduate program in the United States.

With 1,000 graduate students and 180 undergraduate students from nearly every U.S. state and more than 35 nations pursue undergraduate, graduate, and doctoral-level degrees in public health, its student body is one of the most ethnically diverse among the nation's private schools of public health.
Hedylidae
Hedylidae, the "American moth-butterflies", is a family of insects in the order Lepidoptera, formerly representing the superfamily Hedyloidea. They have traditionally been viewed as an extant sister group of the butterfly superfamily Papilionoidea, but a 2014 phylogenetic analysis has suggested Hedylidae is a subgroup of Papilionoidea, and not a sister group, and are more accurately referred to as butterflies rather than moths. They are represented by a single Neotropical genus, Macrosoma, with 35 currently recognized species.

Wing coupling
Some four-winged insect orders, such as the Lepidoptera, have developed a wide variety of morphological wing coupling mechanisms in the imago which render these taxa as "functionally dipterous" (effectively two-winged) for efficient insect flight. All but the most basal forms exhibit this wing coupling.: 4266

The mechanisms are of three different types - jugal, frenulo-retinacular and amplexiform.
Longs Nunatak
Longs Nunatak (66°28′S 110°43′E﻿ / ﻿66.467°S 110.717°E﻿ / -66.467; 110.717) is a coastal nunatak 1 nautical mile (2 km) northwest of Campbell Nunatak, facing on Penney Bay at the south end of the Windmill Islands, Antarctica. It was first mapped in 1955 from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946–47, and was named by Carl R. Eklund, scientific leader at Wilkes Station during the International Geophysical Year, for Robert L. Long, Jr., an ionospheric physicist at Wilkes in 1957.

Wilkes Station
Wilkes Station is a former Australian Antarctic research station. It was established in January 1957 by the United States in Antarctica. It was taken over by the Australian Antarctic Division on 7 February 1959. Environmental difficulties at this site lead to it being abandoned in 1969, with the Australians establishing a new base, Casey Station. The old base is still awaiting remediation, with contamination left at the site threatening to affect the environment.