hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
HMS Ettrick
Four ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Ettrick after the Scottish river, Ettrick Water.

HMS Ettrick (1903), a River-class destroyer, launched in 1903. Her bows were blown off when she was torpedoed by German submarine UC-61 in 1917, and she was not repaired. She was sold for breaking in 1919.

HMS Ettrick was the Mersey-type Admiralty trawler Samuel Jameson, launched in 1918 and renamed Ettrick in 1920. She was sold in 1926, renamed Loughrigg and served during World War II as Phyllisia.

HMS Ettrick was to have been the name of the Flower-class corvette HMS Tamarisk, but she was renamed before her launch in 1941.

HMS Ettrick (K254), a River-class frigate launched in 1943 and lent to the Royal Canadian Navy between 1944 and 1945. She was broken up in 1953.

River-class destroyer (1903)
The River-class destroyer (re-designated in 1913 as the E class)  was a class of torpedo boat destroyer built for the Royal Navy in the first few years of the 20th century, and which saw extensive service in World War I. These 37 vessels (33 formally ordered under three annual construction programmes, plus another three built on speculation and then purchased by the Admiralty, and a final unit building in Italy for the Portuguese Navy and purchased in 1915) were all constructed to disparate builders' designs, just like the preceding classes.

The class introduced new features to destroyer design, placing a greater emphasis on seakeeping and endurance and less on a high maximum speed in good weather. All the ships were named after British, Irish and Portuguese rivers, and as such were the first Royal Navy destroyer class to be named systematically.
Barya Khan
Barya Khan (Kurdish:بریاخان, also Romanized as Baryā Khān and Beryā Khān; also known as Biria Khan) is a village in Yeylan-e Shomali Rural District, in the Central District of Dehgolan County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 98, in 25 families. The village is populated by Kurds.

Kurdish population
The Kurdish population is estimated to be between 30 and 45 million. Most Kurdish people live in Kurdistan, which today is split between Iranian Kurdistan, Iraqi Kurdistan, Turkish Kurdistan, and Syrian Kurdistan.
Justine Odong Latek
Justine Odong Latek (died November 1989) was a Ugandan military officer and rebel leader who served in the Uganda National Liberation Army (UNLA) during the Ugandan Bush War and later led the Uganda People's Democratic Army (UPDA) during the 1986–1994 war in Uganda.

Gulu
Gulu is a city in the Northern Region of Uganda and is the commercial and administrative centre of Gulu District.

The coordinates of the city of Gulu are 2°46'54.0"N 32°17'57.0"E. The city id Kampala is 333 kilometres (207 mi) from Kampala by road. Gulu is served by Gulu Airport.
0-4-0+0-4-0
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives by wheel arrangement, the 0-4-0+0-4-0 is an articulated locomotive of the Garratt type. The wheel arrangement is effectively two 0-4-0 locomotives operating back-to-back or face-to-face, with the boiler and cab suspended between the two power units. Each power unit has no leading wheels, four powered and coupled driving wheels on two axles and no trailing wheels. A similar arrangement exists for Mallet, Meyer and Fairlie locomotives, but is referred to as 0-4-4-0.

Mallet locomotive
A Mallet locomotive is a type of compound articulated steam locomotive, invented by the Swiss engineer Anatole Mallet (1837–1919).

The front of the locomotive is articulated on a bogie. The compound steam system fed steam at boiler pressure to high-pressure cylinders driving the rear set of driving wheels (rigidly connected to the boiler). The exhaust steam from these cylinders was fed into a low-pressure receiver and was then sent to low-pressure cylinders that powered the driving wheels on the swiveling bogie towards the front of locomotive.
Daily life of the Etruscans
Daily life among the Etruscans is difficult to trace, as few literary testimonies are available and Etruscan historiography was highly controversial in the 19th century (see Etruscology).

Most of our knowledge of the habits and customs of Etruscan daily life is available through detailed observation of the funerary furnishings in their family tombs: decorated urns and sarcophagi, accompanied by everyday objects for both men and women, details of frescoes and bas-reliefs, most of which were discovered in the 18th and 19th centuries, when the scientific study of their civilization really began.

Tarquinia
Tarquinia (Italian: [tarˈkwiːnja]), formerly known as Corneto, is an ancient city in the Province of Viterbo, Lazio, central Italy. It is renowned for its extensive Etruscan necropoleis, which contain some of the most important painted tombs of the ancient world. In recognition of its cultural significance, Tarquinia was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site as part of the Etruscan Necropolises of Cerveteri and Tarquinia.

The modern town was renamed in 1922 after the ancient city of Tarquinii (Latin) or Tarch(u)na (Etruscan). Although little remains above ground of the once-flourishing city, archaeological excavations continue to uncover important remnants of its Etruscan and Roman past.
MS Stockholm (1940)
MS  Stockholm was the name of two near-identical ocean liners built by Cantieri Riuniti dell' Adriatico, Monfalcone, Italy between 1936 and 1941 for the Swedish American Line. Neither of the ships entered service for the company that had ordered them—the first ship was entirely destroyed by fire during construction in 1938, while the second was completed in 1941 but immediately sold to the Italian government as a troopship. The second ship served for three years in the Regia Marina and Kriegsmarine under the name MS Sabaudia, until sunk by British bombers outside Trieste in 1944. It is unknown if she was ever actually used as a troopship.

Monfalcone
Monfalcone (Italian pronunciation: [moɱfalˈkoːne]; Bisiacco: Mofalcòn; Friulian: Monfalcon; Slovene: Tržič; archaic German: Falkenberg) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Gorizia in Friuli-Venezia Giulia, northern Italy, located on the Gulf of Trieste. Its name means 'falcon mountain' (see Montfaucon in French and Falkenberg in Germanic languages).

It is a major industrial centre for manufacturing ships, airplanes, textiles, chemicals, and refined oil, and is home to one of Fincantieri's main shipyards. Monfalcone is the northernmost city on the Mediterranean Sea.
Lynchmere Commons
Lynchmere Commons is a  122-hectare (300-acre) Local Nature Reserve in Lynchmere in West Sussex. It is owned and managed by the Lynchmere Society.

This heathland site is composed of Stanley, Lynchmere and Marley Commons. They have diverse insect species and unusual plants such as bilberries.

Local nature reserve
Local nature reserve (LNR) is a statutory designation for certain nature reserves in Great Britain. The Wild Life Conservation Special Committee established them and proposed a national suite of protected areas comprising national nature reserves, conservation areas (which incorporated suggestions for Sites of Special Scientific Interest), national parks, geological monuments, local nature reserves and local educational nature reserves.

There are now over 1,280 LNRs in England, covering almost 40,000 hectares, which range from windswept coastal headlands and ancient woodlands to former inner city railways and long abandoned landfill sites.
Emanuil Ungureanu Technical College
Emanuil Ungureanu Technical College (Romanian: Colegiul Tehnic „Emanuil Ungureanu”) is a technical high school in Timișoara, Romania. The school is named after Emanuil Ungureanu, a lawyer educated in Budapest, philanthropist, and politician who actively supported education and culture. He generously donated his wealth to fund the construction of the Orthodox Church in Iosefin, the Metropolitan Cathedral, and the National House of Education.

Timișoara Orthodox Cathedral
The Orthodox Cathedral (Romanian: Catedrala Ortodoxă), also known as the Metropolitan Cathedral (Romanian: Catedrala Mitropolitană), is a Romanian Orthodox church in Timișoara. The cathedral is the seat of the Archbishopric of Timișoara and the Metropolis of Banat. It is dedicated to the Three Holy Hierarchs, Basil the Great, Gregory the Theologian and John Chrysostom.

Built on an area of 1,542 m2, it has 11 towers, of which the central one has a height of 90.5 m, making it the second tallest church in Romania, after the People's Salvation Cathedral in Bucharest. The cathedral is listed in the National Register of Historic Monuments.
Brian Castaño
Brian Carlos Castaño (born 12 September 1989) is an Argentine professional boxer. He held the WBO light middleweight title between 2021 and 2022 and previously held the WBA interim light middleweight title from 2016 to 2018, and the WBA (Regular) light middleweight title from 2018 to 2019.

Split draw
A split draw is an outcome in several full-contact combat sports, including boxing, mixed martial arts, and other sports involving striking. In a split draw, one of the three judges scores the contest in favor of one fighter, another judge scores it in favor of the other fighter, and the third judge scores the contest as a draw. The decision is announced as a draw.
Tainia
Tainia, commonly known as ribbon orchids or 带唇兰属 (dai chun lan shu) is a genus of about thirty species of evergreen, terrestrial orchids in the (family Orchidaceae) distributed from India, China, Japan, Southeast Asia to New Guinea, the Solomon Islands and Queensland.

Joseph Dalton Hooker
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker (30 June 1817 – 10 December 1911) was a British botanist and explorer in the 19th century. He was a founder of geographical botany and Charles Darwin's closest friend. For 20 years he served as director of the Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew, succeeding his father, William Jackson Hooker, and was awarded the highest honours of British science.
Georges Mathé
Georges Mathé (9 July 1922 – 15 October 2010) was a French oncologist and immunologist. In November 1958, he performed the first successful allogeneic bone marrow transplant ever performed on unrelated human beings.

Hôpital Paul-Brousse
Hôpital Paul-Brousse is a hospital in Villejuif, Val-de-Marne, France. It is named after Paul Brousse, a French socialist.

Marc Zelter MD and Daniel Vittecoq MD were professors in this hospital.

Camille Loiseau, the Doyenne de France from March 26, 2005 to August 12, 2006, died at the Hôpital Paul-Brousse.
Rancho Quesesosi
Rancho Quesesosi (also called "Gordon's Ranch") was an 8,894-acre (35.99 km2) Mexican land grant in present-day Yolo County, California given in 1843 by Governor Manuel Micheltorena to William Gordon.  The grant, west of Woodland, extended 2 leagues along both sides of Rio de Jesús María, now known as Cache Creek.  The grant was between Rancho Cañada de Capay on the west and Rancho Rio de Jesus Maria on the east.

Woodland, California
Woodland is a city in and the county seat of Yolo County, California, United States. Located approximately 15 miles (24 km) northwest of Sacramento, it is a part of the Sacramento metropolitan area.

As of the 2020 census, Woodland had a population of 61,032.

Woodland's origins date to 1850 when California gained statehood and Yolo County was established. The area was well irrigated due to the efforts of James Moore, which drew people into farming as the soil was very fertile. The city gained a federal post office in 1861 with the help of Missourian Frank S. Freeman. A year after this, in 1862, the county seat was moved from Washington (present day West Sacramento) to Woodland after Washington was flooded. The addition of a railroad line to Sacramento, and the more recent addition of Interstate 5, helped the city to thrive.
Yapese Empire
The Yapese Empire was an ancient maritime empire located in the western Caroline Islands in the north Pacific region of Micronesia since around the 9th century, AD. In circa 950 AD, Yap became the seat of the empire when Gatcheper village in the chiefdom of Gagil (modern-day Gagil Municipality) established an expansive maritime trade network and exerted socioeconomic and political influence to its neighboring islands to the east. Although small and informal compared to other marine empires, the empire at its peak covered over 1,300 kilometers, stretching from the Yap main islands to parts of modern-day Chuuk State. The empire coexisted with the Tongan Empire located in the southern Pacific.

Chiefdom
A chiefdom is a political organization of people represented or governed by a chief. Chiefdoms have been discussed, depending on their scope, as a stateless, state analogue or early state system or institution.

Usually a chief's position is based on kinship, which is often monopolized by the legitimate senior members of select families or 'houses'. These elites can form a political-ideological aristocracy relative to the general group.

Chiefdoms and chiefs are sometimes identified as the same as kingdoms and kings, and therefore understood as monarchies, particularly when they are understood as not necessarily states, but having monarchic representation or government.
Donal Moloney
Donal Moloney (born 1966) is an Irish hurling manager and former player. He was the joint-manager of the Clare senior team with Gerry O'Connor from 2016 until departing after the 2019 championship .

On 4 June 2017, in his first Championship game in charge alongside Gerry O'Connor, Clare defeated Limerick in the Munster Senior Hurling Championship semi-final at Semple Stadium on a 2–16 to 3–17 scoreline.

2013 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship
The All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship 2013 was the 50th staging of the All-Ireland championship since its establishment in 1964. The draw for the 2013 fixtures took place in October 2012. The championship began 31 May 2013 and ended on 14 September 2013.

Clare were the defending champions and retained their title after defeating Antrim 2-28 to 012 in the final.
Buchan Caves
The Buchan Caves are a group of limestone caves that include the Royal Cave and the Fairy Cave, located south-west of Buchan, in the East Gippsland region of the Australian state of Victoria. They have a total length of between 3 and 4 kilometres (1.9 and 2.5 mi), and six entrances.

The Buchan Cave Reserve has been transferred back to the Gunaikurnai Nation and is jointly managed with the state.

The limestone rock at Buchan was laid down during the Devonian period about 300 – 400 million years ago. At the time, the sea covered this area of East Gippsland which was alive with shellfish and coral. Their remains were deposited in layers and over the years compacted to form limestone. The caves were formed by solution of the limestone.

The Buchan Caves are located approximately 360 kilometres (220 mi) east northeast (or six hours' drive) from Melbourne, along the Princes Highway, north of Lakes Entrance. Other caves nearby include Cloggs Cave and New Guinea II cave.

Solutional cave
A solutional cave, solution cave, or karst cave is usually formed in a soluble rock like limestone, of which calcium carbonate (CaCO3) composes. Being the most common type of cave, it can also form in other rocks, including chalk, dolomite, marble, salt beds, and gypsum.
Garech Browne
Garech Domnagh Browne (25 June 1939 – 10 March 2018) was an Irish art collector and a notable patron of Irish arts, traditional Irish music in particular. He was often known by a Gaelic translation of his English name, Garech de Brún, or alternatively Garech a Brún, especially in Ireland.

Private collection
A private collection is a privately owned collection of works (usually artworks) or valuable items.  In a museum or art gallery context, the term signifies that a certain work is not owned by that institution, but is on loan from an individual or organization, either for temporary exhibition or for the long term. This source is usually an art collector, although it could also be a school, church, bank, or some other company or organization. By contrast, collectors of books, even if they collect for aesthetic reasons (fine bookbindings or illuminated manuscripts for example), are called bibliophiles, and their collections are typically referred to as libraries.
Ian Mitroff
Ian Irving Mitroff (June 2, 1938 – June 17, 2024) was an American organizational theorist, consultant and professor emeritus at the USC Marshall School of Business and the Annenberg School for Communication at the University of Southern California. He is noted for a wide range of contributions in the field of organizational theory from contributions on strategic planning assumptions and management information systems, to the subjective side of the workplace and spirituality, religion, and values. He died on June 17, 2024, at the age of 86, from blood cancer.

USC Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism
The USC Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism is a part of the University of Southern California in Los Angeles.
It has 2,300 undergraduate and graduate students. Willow Bay is the Dean. Prof. Hector Amaya is the Director of the School of Communication, Prof. Gordon Stables serves as Director of the School of Journalism.
Fortey
Fortey is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Chris Fortey (born 1975), English rugby union player

Emily Fortey (1866–1946), British chemist

Richard Fortey (1946–2025), British palaeontologist, natural historian, writer and television presenter

Chris Fortey
Chris Fortey (born 25 August 1975 in Gloucester) is a retired English rugby union player for Worcester Warriors in the Aviva Premiership. He previously played for Gloucester. Whilst at Gloucester he was a replacement in both the 2002 Zurich Championship Final (the year before winning the play-offs constituted winning the English title) in which Gloucester defeated Bristol Shoguns, and the 2003 Powergen Cup Final in which Gloucester defeated Northampton Saints.

Fortey was called up to the senior England squad for the 2001 England rugby union tour of North America.

In 2011, Fortey was torn between the idea whether to retire or not. Deciding to continue playing until the end of the 2012 season, he then retired.

Chris is the identical twin off Lee Fortey who has also played for Worcester.

He played as a hooker.
York Herald
York Herald of Arms in Ordinary is an officer of arms at the College of Arms.  The first York Herald is believed to have been an officer to Edmund of Langley, Duke of York around the year 1385, but the first completely reliable reference to such a herald is in February 1484, when John Water alias Yorke, herald was granted certain fees by Richard III. These fees included the Manor of Bayhall in Pembury, Kent, and 8 pounds, 6 shillings, and 8 pence a year from the Lordship of Huntingfield in Kent. The badge of office is the White Rose of York en soleil ensigned by the Royal Crown.

The current York Herald of Arms is Peter O'Donoghue.

White Rose of York
The White Rose of York (Latinised as rosa alba, blazoned as a rose argent) is a white heraldic rose which was adopted in the 14th century as a heraldic badge of the royal House of York. In the modern era, it is used more broadly as a symbol of Yorkshire.
Michael of Chernigov
Mikhail Vsevolodovich (c. 1185 – 20 September 1246), known as Michael or Michael of Chernigov, was Grand Prince of Kiev (1236–1239; 1241–1243); he was also Prince of Pereyaslavl (1206), Novgorod-Seversk (1219–1226), Chernigov (1223–1235; 1242–1246), Novgorod (1225–1226; 1229–1230), and Galicia (1235–1236). He was canonized as a saint in the Christian Church.

Ystoria Mongalorum
Ystoria Mongalorum is a report, compiled by Giovanni da Pian del Carpine, of his trip to the Mongol Empire. Written in the 1240s, it is the oldest European account of the Mongols. Giovanni was the first European to try to chronicle Mongol history.
Kimsa Chata (Carangas)
Kimsa Chata (Aymara and Quechua kimsa three, Pukina chata mountain, "three mountains", hispanicized spellings Quimsa Chata, Quimsachata, Quinsa Chata) is a mountain in the Andes of Bolivia, about 4,648 m (15,249 ft) high. It is one of the highest elevations of the Waylla Marka mountain range that runs down from Waylla Marka (Huayllamarca) to Qhurqhi (Corque) west of Uru Uru Lake. Kimsa Chata is located in the Oruro Department, Carangas Province, Qhurqhi Municipality, Tarukachi Canton, or on the border of the Carangas Province and the Saucari Province.

Uru Uru Lake
Uru Uru Lake is a lake in the Oruro Department in Bolivia. It is fed by the Desaguadero River and the Jach'a Jawira. It is situated at an elevation of 3,686 m, its surface area is 214 km2.

The lake is formed by the flow of the Desaguadero River at its mouth into Lake Poopó, over the extensive sedimentation known as "Santo Tomás" from the small hermitage found there that was completely inundated. The formation dates to 1962. The river connects Lake Titicaca and Lake Poopó.
Claus Yding Andersen
Claus Yding Andersen (born 31 July 1955) is a Danish reproductive physiologist and academic specializing in human fertility, ovarian biology, and fertility preservation. He is Professor Emeritus of Human Reproductive Physiology at the Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, and a senior researcher at Herlev University Hospital (Copenhagen University Hospital). Andersen is regarded as a leading contributor to the development of fertility preservation techniques, particularly the cryopreservation of ovarian and testicular tissue.

Fertility preservation
Fertility preservation is the effort to help cancer patients retain their fertility, or ability to procreate. Research into how cancer, ageing and other health conditions effect reproductive health and preservation options are growing. Specifically sparked in part by the increase in the survival rate of cancer patients.
Cornwall Bridge
The Cornwall Bridge (also known as Bridge No. 560) is a two-lane, concrete arch bridge carrying U.S. Route 7/Connecticut Route 4 over the Housatonic River and the Housatonic Railroad in northwestern Connecticut. It was built in 1930 by C.W. Blakeslee and Sons for the Connecticut Highway Department and consists of six open-spandrel arches spanning 674 feet (205 m), and is a fairly large example of concrete open-spandrel construction. The bridge was reconstructed in 1994 and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.

Arch bridge
An arch bridge is a bridge with abutments at each end shaped as a curved arch. Arch bridges work by transferring the weight of the bridge and its loads partially into a horizontal thrust restrained by the abutments at either side, and partially into a vertical load on the arch supports. A viaduct (a long bridge) may be made from a series of arches, although other more economical structures are typically used today.