hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ysengrimus
Ysengrimus is a Latin fabliau and mock epic, containing a series of anthropomorphic fables thought to have been written in 1148 or 1149 CE by the poet Nivardus. Its chief character is Isengrim, the Wolf. The plot describes how the trickster figure Reynard, the Fox, overcomes Isengrim's various schemes.

Foxes in popular culture
The fox appears in the folklore of many cultures, but especially European and East Asian, as a figure of cunning, trickery, or as a familiar animal possessed of magic powers, and sometimes associated with transformation. Literature, film, television, games, music, and other forms of cultural expression may reflect the folklore image and reputation.

The term "foxy" in English ("having the qualities of a fox") can also connote attractiveness, sexiness, or being red-haired. The term "to outfox" means "to beat in a competition of wits", similarly to "outguess", "outsmart", and "outwit".
Masonville Place
Masonville Place (known locally as Masonville or Masonville Mall, and corporately styled as CF Masonville Place) is a two-storey regional shopping mall located in London, Ontario, Canada, at the southeast corner of Fanshawe Park Road and Richmond Street. The mall contains over 130 stores, several restaurants, and a food court. Masonville Place is anchored by several large retailers including Zara, H&M, Sport Chek/Atmosphere, and Shoppers Drug Mart. Cineplex Cinemas has two locations at the shopping mall, the SilverCity / IMAX theatres, and The Rec Room, an entertainment facility featuring food, drink, and arcade games.

Masonville Place opened on January 2, 1985. It was the third multi-level shopping centre to open in London, after Westmount Mall and White Oaks Mall. It was anchored by Sears, Eaton's, and Loblaws, although Loblaws opened on its own in late 1984, preceding the building of the rest of the mall.

Loblaws
Loblaws Inc. is a Canadian supermarket chain with stores located in the province of Ontario, and in Alberta and British Columbia under the Loblaws CityMarket banner. Headquartered in Brampton, Ontario, Loblaws is a subsidiary of Loblaw Companies Limited, Canada's largest food distributor.
Toozaza Peak
Toozaza Peak is a tuya in the Stikine Ranges of the Cassiar Mountains in northern British Columbia, Canada, located in the Iverson Creek. Toozaza Peak is the summit of a north–south aligned ridge between the head of Toozaza Creek and the  head of the Jennings River, just south of the Jennings' divide with the Little Rancheria River headwaters.  The Little Rancheria and Toozaza Creek are part of the Liard, while the Jennings is part of the  Yukon River drainage via Teslin Lake, and the peak therefore stands astride the line of the Continental Divide. It is part of the Tuya Volcanic Field, a volcanic field associated with the Stikine Volcanic Belt, part of the Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province.

Volcanic field
A volcanic field is an area of Earth's crust that is prone to localized volcanic activity. The type and number of volcanoes required to be called a "field" is not well-defined. Volcanic fields usually consist of clusters of up to 100 volcanoes such as cinder cones. Lava flows may also occur. They may occur as a monogenetic volcanic field or a polygenetic volcanic field.
Horace Carpenter (priest)
Christianity portal

The Ven. Horace John Carpenter (30 July 1887 – 26 June 1965) was  Archdeacon of Salop, England, from 1945 to 1959.

Carpenter was educated at University College, London. His first post was a curacy at Christ Church, Penge. From 1915 to 1920 he was  Resident Tutor at the London College of Divinity and a lecturer in Philosophy and Biblical Theology at London University. During this period he also served as a Chaplain to the British Armed Forces. He held incumbencies at Anerley (1920 to 1929); Wrangthorn (1929 to 1935); Walsall (1935 to 1943); and Penkridge (1943 to 1945). He was Examining Chaplain to the Bishop of Lichfield from 1937 and a prebendary of Lichfield Cathedral from 1938.

Walsall
Walsall (/ˈwɔːlsɔːl/, or /ˈwɒlsɔːl/; locally /ˈwɔːsʊl/) is a market town and administrative centre of the Metropolitan Borough of Walsall, part of The Black Country in the West Midlands, England. Historically part of Staffordshire, it is located 9 miles (14 km) north-west of Birmingham, 7 miles (11 km) east of Wolverhampton and 9 miles (14 km) south-west of Lichfield.

Walsall was transferred from Staffordshire to the newly created West Midlands county in 1974. At the 2011 census, the town's built-up area had a population of 67,594, with the wider borough having a population of 269,323. Neighbouring settlements in the borough include Darlaston, Brownhills, Pelsall, Willenhall, Bloxwich and Aldridge.
Wozdwizhenskaya Fortress
Wozdwizhenskaya Fortress (1742) on the Sakmara River was the second fort built as a part of Sakmara Distance by Ivan Neplyuyev during his governance of the Orenburg Commission. It was located on the Sakmara River, southeast of Orenburg, 100 miles (160 km) west of Orsk, and 30 miles (48 km) north of Werneozernaya Fortress. It was built for protection against raids by nomadic Kyrgyz tribes for capturing of slaves from the Russian frontiers on the Caspian Sea and slave trading to Khiva.

The Wozdwizhenskaya Cossacks supported the Imperial government during Pugachev's Rebellion in 1773–1775. The fortress was completely destroyed by the bombardment of the Red Guards units in May 1918 for supporting the counterrevolution of Alexander Dutov against the Soviet authorities.

Kyrgyz people
The Kyrgyz people are a Turkic ethnic group native to Central Asia. They primarily reside in Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, China, Afghanistan, and Pakistan. A Kyrgyz diaspora is also found in Russia, Tajikistan, and Kazakhstan. They speak the Kyrgyz language, which is the official language of Kyrgyzstan.

The earliest people known as "Kyrgyz" were the descendants of several Central Asian tribes, first emerging in western Mongolia around 201 BC. Modern Kyrgyz people are descended in part from the Yenisei Kyrgyz that lived in the Yenisey river valley in Siberia. The Kyrgyz people were constituents of the Tiele people, the Göktürks, and the Uyghur Khaganate before establishing the Yenisei Kyrgyz Khaganate in the 9th century, and later a Kyrgyz khanate in the 15th century.
Gary Black (cricketer)
Gary Raymond Black (born 11 May 1954) is a former English cricketer.  Black was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium.  He was born in Hammersmith, London.

Black made his debut for Buckinghamshire in the 1984 Minor Counties Championship against Berkshire.  Black played Minor counties cricket for Buckinghamshire from 1984 to 1993, which included 67 Minor Counties Championship matches and 12 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches. In 1985, he made his List A debut against Somerset in the NatWest Trophy.  He played 7 further List A matches for Buckinghamshire, the last coming against Leicestershire in the 1993 NatWest Trophy. In his 8 List A matches, he took 10 wickets at a bowling average of 32.80, with best figures of 3/83.

He also played Second XI cricket for the Northamptonshire Second XI in 1977.

1985 NatWest Trophy
The 1985 NatWest Trophy was the 5th NatWest Trophy.  It was an English limited overs county cricket tournament which was held between 3 July and 7 September 1985. The tournament was won by Essex who defeated Nottinghamshire by 1 run in the final at Lord's.
2023 NWSL Challenge Cup
The 2023 NWSL Challenge Cup, known as the 2023 UKG NWSL Challenge Cup for sponsorship reasons, was a league cup competition that took place during the 2023 National Women's Soccer League season. It was the fourth edition of the NWSL Challenge Cup tournament.

The 2023 NWSL Challenge Cup was the first time the NWSL Challenge Cup was played concurrently with the regular season, bringing it in line with most other league cup competitions worldwide. It was also the first edition under a multi-year sponsorship with UKG, which increased the pool of prize money to $1 million toward a goal of achieving equal compensation when compared to men's leagues and open cup competitions in the United States.

The North Carolina Courage defeated the Racing Louisville FC 2–0 in the final.

Racing Louisville FC
Racing Louisville Football Club is an American professional soccer team based in Louisville, Kentucky, that competes in the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). Their second team plays in the USL W League. It began playing in 2021 at Lynn Family Stadium. The team is owned by Soccer Holdings LLC. The expansion team was announced on October 22, 2019. Currently, they are the only major professional team to play in the state of Kentucky.
Heartland Parkway
Heartland Parkway was a planned controlled-access toll road consisting of approximately 110–150 miles (180–240 km) from Interstate 4 near the Polk-Osceola County line in central Florida to the Fort Myers–Naples area of southwest Florida, through rural portions of Polk, Hardee, Highlands, DeSoto, Glades, Lee, and possibly Collier counties. The proposed corridor has been in planning since 2006 with the project revived and abandoned multiple times until its most recent abandonment in 2021.

Glades County, Florida
Glades County is a county located in the Florida Heartland region of the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,126, making it the fourth-least populous county in Florida. Its county seat is Moore Haven. Glades County is in the Clewiston micropolitan area, a Micropolitan statistical area (μSA) which also includes Hendry County. These two counties, along with the Cape Coral-Fort Myers (Lee County) MSA and the Naples-Marco Island (Collier County) MSA, constitute the Cape Coral-Fort Myers-Naples Combined Statistical Area (CSA).
Adenosylcobyric acid synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)
In enzymology, an adenosylcobyric acid synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing) (EC 6.3.5.10) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

4 ATP + adenosylcobyrinic acid a,c-diamide + 4 L-glutamine + 4 H2O  4 ADP + 4 phosphate + adenosylcobyric acid + 4 L-glutamate

The four substrates of this enzyme are ATP, adenosylcobyrinic acid a,c-diamide, L-glutamine, and H2O; its four products are ADP, phosphate, adenosylcobyric acid, and L-glutamate.

This enzyme belongs to the family of ligases, specifically those forming carbon-nitrogen bonds carbon-nitrogen ligases with glutamine as amido-N-donor (Glutamine amidotransferases).  The systematic name of this enzyme class is adenosylcobyrinic-acid-a,c-diamide:L-glutamine amido-ligase (ADP-forming).  This enzyme is part of the biosynthetic pathway to cobalamin (vitamin B12) in bacteria.

Ligase
In biochemistry, a ligase is an enzyme that can catalyze the joining (ligation) of two molecules by forming a new chemical bond. This is typically via hydrolysis of a small pendant chemical group on one of the molecules, typically resulting in the formation of new C-O, C-S, or C-N bonds. For example, DNA ligase can join two complementary fragments of nucleic acid by forming phosphodiester bonds, and repair single stranded breaks that arise in double stranded DNA during replication.

In general, a ligase catalyzes the following dehydration reaction, thus joining molecules A and B:

A-OH + B-H → A–B + H2O
The Right Hand Man (Playhouse 90)
"The Right Hand Man" was an American television play broadcast live on March 20, 1958, as part of the second season of the CBS television series Playhouse 90. Dick Berg wrote the teleplay, as an adaptation of a story by Garson Kanin. Dana Andrews, Anne Baxter, and Leslie Nielsen starred. Franklin J. Schaffner directed. The program was the live dramatic television debut for both Andrews and Baxter.

Franklin J. Schaffner
Franklin James Schaffner (May 30, 1920 – July 2, 1989) was an American film, television, and stage director. He won the Academy Award for Best Director for Patton (1970), and is known for the films Planet of the Apes (1968), Nicholas and Alexandra (1971), Papillon (1973), and The Boys from Brazil (1978). He served as president of the Directors Guild of America between 1987 and 1989.
Pluralism (political theory)
Pluralism is the political theory that politics and decision-making are located mostly in the framework of government but that many non-governmental groups use their resources to exert influence.

Under classical pluralist theory, groups of individuals try to maximize their interests through continuous bargaining processes and conflict. Because of the consequent distribution of resources throughout a population, inequalities may be reduced. At the same time, radical political change will be met with resistance due to the existence of competing interest groups, which collectively form the basis of a democratic equilibrium.

Theorists of pluralism include Robert A. Dahl, David Truman, and Seymour Martin Lipset.

Regulatory capture
In politics, regulatory capture (also called agency capture) is a form of corruption of authority that occurs when a political entity, policymaker, or regulator is co-opted to serve the commercial, ideological, or political interests of a minor constituency, such as a particular geographic area, industry, profession, or ideological group.

When regulatory capture occurs, a special interest is prioritized over the general interests of the public, leading to a net loss for society. The theory of client politics is related to that of rent-seeking and political failure; client politics "occurs when most or all of the benefits of a program go to some single, reasonably small interest (e.g., industry, profession, or locality) but most or all of the costs will be borne by a large number of people (for example, all taxpayers)".
Raoul Le Mat
Raoul Le Mat (September 3, 1875 – February 15, 1947) was a French-American film director, and ice hockey coach, most famous for introducing ice hockey in Sweden during the early 1920s.

Together with Ernest Viberg and Thomas Cahill, Le Mat introduced ice hockey in Sweden, and coached the Swedish national team in their first international tournament at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp, Belgium. He was also the founding member of the Swedish Ice Hockey Association. When the first Swedish Championship in ice hockey was played in 1922, Le Mat refereed the final game.

The Swedish Hockey League's Le Mat Trophy is named after Le Mat and was donated by him, with the monetary support of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, in 1926.

Thomas Cahill (soccer)
Thomas W. Cahill (December 25, 1864 — September 29, 1951) was one of the founding fathers of soccer in the United States, and is considered the most important administrator in U.S. Soccer before World War II. 
Cahill formed the United States Football Association in 1913, which later became the United States Soccer Federation. In 1916 he became the first coach of the United States men's national soccer team. Cahill was enshrined in the U.S. National Soccer Hall of Fame in 1950.
George Sai Wah Tsao
George Sai Wah Tsao (Chinese: 曹世華) was a professor of the School of Biomedical Sciences of the University of Hong Kong and the Director of the Faculty Core Facility of the Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong. Tsao researches the relationship between Epstein-Barr virus and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. He also created the first immortal human ovarian surface epithelial cell line.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), or nasopharynx cancer, is the most common cancer originating in the nasopharynx, most commonly in the postero-lateral nasopharynx or pharyngeal recess (fossa of Rosenmüller), accounting for 50% of cases. NPC occurs in children and adults.  NPC differs significantly from other cancers of the head and neck in its occurrence, causes, clinical behavior, and treatment. It is vastly more common in certain regions of East Asia and Africa than elsewhere, with viral, dietary and genetic factors implicated in its causation. It is most common in males. It is a squamous cell carcinoma of an undifferentiated type. Squamous epithelial cells are a flat type of cell found in the skin and the membranes that line some body cavities.  Undifferentiated cells are cells that do not have their mature features or functions.
Meadowlark (song)
Meadowlark is a song from the musical The Baker's Wife, with music and lyrics by Stephen Schwartz. It has been performed by several famous Broadway singers such as Carole Demas, Patti LuPone, Betty Buckley, Liz Callaway, Alice Ripley, Susan Egan, Judy Kuhn, Julia Murney, Sarah Brightman, Lea Salonga, Alex Newell, Tituss Burgess, and Andrew Rannells.

In the musical, it is sung by the character Geneviève, trying to decide whether she should stay with her husband or run off with a younger man. She likens her situation to a fairy tale about a meadowlark who lived with a king who adored her. One day, the sun god approached the meadowlark and urged her to come with him. The meadowlark refused and perished. At the end of the song, Geneviève decides to leave with the younger man.

Carole Demas
Carole Demas (born May 26, 1940, in Brooklyn, New York) is an American actress, best known for originating the roles of Sandy in the 1971 Broadway musical Grease and the title role in the original 1976 production of The Baker's Wife, for many prime time television roles, hundreds of commercials, and for her role in the long-running children's television show The Magic Garden.  The winding path of Carole's career, highlighted in Schirmer, Citadel and Applause Books chronicling the trials and triumphs of Broadway, has taken her from her early days as Miss Vermont in The Miss Universe Contest, to major roles from coast to coast. Her cabaret and concert performances have brought funds and attention to many worthy causes.
Glen Massey Line
The Glen Massey Line was a private railway of 10.6 km near Ngāruawāhia in the Waikato region of New Zealand, built to serve coal mines, and, from 1935, run by the New Zealand Railways Department. The line had grades of 1 in 40, sharp curves – sharpest 6 ch (400 ft; 120 m) and 40 of less than 10 ch (660 ft; 200 m) – and 22 bridges, including a 91.5-metre-long and 18.3-metre-high timber trestle bridge over Firewood Creek halfway between Ngāruawāhia and Glen Massey and a 70-foot-long (21 m) bridge, adapted in 1917 to take sheep, on 52 ft (16 m) piles over the Waipā River, as well as the railway, after collapse of the road bridge.

New Zealand Railways Department
The New Zealand Railways Department, NZR or NZGR (New Zealand Government Railways) and often known as the "Railways", was a government department charged with owning and maintaining New Zealand's railway infrastructure and operating the railway system. The department was created in 1880 and was corporatised on 1 April 1982 into the New Zealand Railways Corporation. Originally, railway construction and operation took place under the auspices of the former provincial governments and some private railways, before all of the provincial operations came under the central Public Works Department. The role of operating the rail network was subsequently separated from that of the network's construction. From 1895 to 1993 there was a responsible Minister, the Minister of Railways. He was often also the Minister of Public Works.

Apart from four brief experiments with independent boards, NZR remained under direct ministerial control for most of its history.
Aberdeen Regional Hospital
The Aberdeen Hospital is a 24-hour emergency (Level II trauma service), inpatient, outpatient, and community-based services hospital in New Glasgow, Nova Scotia. The hospital has been in existence since 1895. It serves approximately 48,000 people in Pictou County. It is located at 835 East River Road (Route 348) in New Glasgow. It is operated by Nova Scotia Health Authority. The hospital currently has 104 beds.

Internationally renowned sculptor John Wilson donated to the hospital the land on which the Glen Haven Manor was built.

Pictou County
Pictou County is a county in the province of Nova Scotia, Canada. It was established in 1835, and was formerly a part of Halifax County from 1759 to 1835. It had a population of 43,657 people in 2021, a decline of 0.2 percent from 2016. Furthermore, its 2016 population is only 88.11% of the census population in 1991. It is the sixth most populous county in Nova Scotia.
Copper Falls mine
47°25′30″N 88°12′00″W﻿ / ﻿47.425°N 88.200°W﻿ / 47.425; -88.200

Copper Falls mine was a set of numerous copper mine shafts and adits south of Eagle Harbor, Michigan.  The mine was established in 1846.  The mine is in Eagle Harbor Township, near the community of Copper Falls and the water fall on the Owl Creek with the same name.

Adit
An adit (from Latin aditus, entrance) or stulm
is a horizontal or nearly horizontal passage to an underground mine.
Miners can use adits for access, drainage, ventilation, and extracting minerals at the lowest convenient level. Adits are also used to explore for mineral veins. Although most strongly associated with mining, the term adit is sometimes also used in the context of underground excavation for non-mining purposes; for example, to refer to smaller underground passageways excavated for underground metro systems, to provide pedestrian access to stations (pedestrian adits), and for access required during construction (construction adits).
2025 Georgian uprising attempt
On 4 October 2025, during the 2024–2026 Georgian political crisis, twenty thousand people held a rally in Tbilisi with the aim of ousting the incumbent Georgian Dream-led government of Georgia in what has been referred to as the Revolution of Flags. The day was coincided with that of the municipal elections in Georgia. Twenty thousand people listened to a declaration by opera singer Paata Burchuladze. Following the declaration, an attempt was made to storm Orbeliani Palace, the presidential residence, and was opposed by security forces with water cannon and tear gas. Security forces shortly after prevented any further attempts at storming the palace.

Prime Minister Irakli Kobakhidze reacted to the attempted revolution by promosing to be "strict" with those who participated in it and vowing to tackle them with "zero sympathy".

Government of Georgia (country)
The Government of Georgia (Georgian: საქართველოს მთავრობა, romanized: sakartvelos mtavroba) is the supreme body of executive power in Georgia that implements the domestic and foreign policies of the country. It consists of the prime minister—the head of the government—and ministers and is accountable and responsible to the Parliament of Georgia. The current powers and responsibilities of the government are governed by the amendments of the Constitution of Georgia passed in 2017 and 2018. From 14 May 1991 to 9 November 1996, the executive government of Georgia was referred to as the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Georgia (საქართველოს რესპუბლიკის მინისტრთა კაბინეტი).

The incumbent government of Prime Minister Irakli Kobakhidze was sworn in on February 8, 2024.
Taronia gens
The gens Taronia or Tarronia was an obscure plebeian family at ancient Rome, known from the late Republic until at least the fourth century.  No members of this gens are mentioned in history, but from epigraphy it appears that they had reached senatorial rank by the early third century.

Quintus (praenomen)
Quintus (Latin pronunciation: [ˈkᶣiːntʊs]), feminine Quinta, is a Latin praenomen, or personal name, which was common throughout all periods of Roman history. It was used by both patrician and plebeian families, and gave rise to the patronymic gentes Quinctia and Quinctilia. The name was regularly abbreviated Q.

Throughout Roman history, Quintus was one of the most common praenomina, generally occupying fourth or fifth place, behind Lucius, Gaius, and Marcus, and occurring about as frequently as Publius. Although many families did not use the name at all, it was particularly favored by others. The name continued to be used after the collapse of Roman civil institutions in the fifth and sixth centuries, and has survived to the present day.