hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nootropic
Nootropics (/noʊ.əˈtroʊpɪks/ noh-ə-TROHP-iks or /noʊ.əˈtrɒpɪks/ noh-ə-TROP-iks; colloquially brain supplements, smart drugs, cognitive enhancers, memory enhancers, or brain boosters) are chemical substances which purportedly improve cognitive functions, such as attention, memory, wakefulness, and self-control.

In the United States, nootropics can be over-the-counter drugs and commonly advertised with unproven claims of effectiveness for improving cognition. The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have warned manufacturers and consumers about possible advertising fraud and marketing scams concerning nootropic supplements. Nootropics include both prescription drugs and dietary supplements marketed to enhance brain function, but while FDA-approved drugs have proven benefits and oversight, many dietary supplements lack evidence, may contain unapproved or hidden drugs, and pose safety and regulatory risks.

Working memory
Working memory is a cognitive system with a limited capacity that can hold information temporarily. It is important for reasoning and the guidance of decision-making and behavior. Working memory is often used synonymously with short-term memory, but some theorists consider the two forms of memory distinct, assuming that working memory allows for the manipulation of stored information, whereas short-term memory only refers to the short-term storage of information. Working memory is a theoretical concept central to cognitive psychology, neuropsychology, and neuroscience.
2009 MPS Group Championships – Doubles
Bethanie Mattek and Vladimíra Uhlířová were the defending champions, but Uhlířová chose not to participate this year, and only Mattek competed this year. She played alongside Nadia Petrova but lost in the Quarterfinals to Chuang Chia-jung and Sania Mirza.

Chuang and Mirza reached the final where they beat Květa Peschke and Lisa Raymond to win their title.

Chuang Chia-jung
Chuang Chia-jung (Chinese: 莊佳容; pinyin: Zhuāng Jiāróng; Taiwanese  Mandarin: [tswáŋ.tɕjá zʊ̌ŋ]; born 10 January 1985) is a Taiwanese former tennis player.

In her career, she won 22 doubles titles on the WTA Tour and three doubles titles on tournaments of the WTA Challenger Tour, as well as ten singles and 33 doubles titles on the ITF Circuit. On 13 November 2006, she reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 177. On 18 August 2008, she peaked at No. 5 in the WTA doubles rankings.

On 28 October 2018, Chuang announced her retirement from pro tour and her marriage via Instagram.
Semino
Semino is both an Italian surname and a given name. Notable people with this name include:

Camilla Semino Favro (born 1986), Italian actress

Carlos Semino (1929-2014), Argentine rower

Elena Semino (born 1964), Italian-British linguist

Gustavo Semino (born 1977), Argentine footballer

Semino Rossi (born 1962), Argentine-Tyrolean schlager singer

Semino Rossi
Semino Rossi (born May 29, 1962, at Rosario, Argentina) is an Argentine-Tyrolean schlager singer. He has sold more than 10 million records and has reached top charts in Austria with six of his albums. He mostly sings in German.
Carbon Sciences
Carbon Sciences is a public corporation based in Santa Barbara. The company was founded in 2006 and incorporated as Zingerang, Inc. Originally, the company was involved in mobile communication, but has since switched to developing CO2 to fuel technology. Calcium carbonate, CaCO3, was briefly looked at as another end product of CO2 recycling. On April 2, 2007, the name was changed to Carbon Sciences Inc. Their process differs from other projects in that it does not utilize high pressure or high temperature. This would be a significant advantage when trying to scale the technology up to commercial production.

Calcium carbonate
Calcium carbonate is a chemical compound with the chemical formula CaCO3. It is a common substance found in rocks as the minerals calcite and aragonite, most notably in chalk and limestone, eggshells, gastropod shells, shellfish skeletons and pearls. Materials containing much calcium carbonate or resembling it are described as calcareous. Calcium carbonate is the active ingredient in agricultural lime.  Limescale is calcium carbonate produced when calcium ions in hard water react with carbonate ions. Calcium carbonate has medical use as a calcium supplement or as an antacid, but excessive consumption can be hazardous and cause hypercalcemia and digestive issues.
Hraběšice
Hraběšice (German: Rabenseifen) is a municipality and village in Šumperk District in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.

Hraběšice lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) east of Šumperk, 44 km (27 mi) north of Olomouc, and 191 km (119 mi) east of Prague.

Olomouc Region
Olomouc Region (Czech: Olomoucký kraj; German: Olmützer Region, pronounced [ˈɔlmʏt͡sɐ ʁeˈɡi̯oːn]; Polish: Kraj ołomuniecki) is an administrative unit (Czech: kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the north-western and central part of its historical region of Moravia (Morava) and in a small part of the historical region of Czech Silesia (České Slezsko). It is named for its capital Olomouc.

Olomouc region borders with the Moravian-Silesian Region (in the east), Zlín Region (in the south-east), South Moravian Region (in the south-west) and Pardubice Region (in the west). Furthermore, the region shares a 104 km long border with Poland (in the north).
Warangal Hyderabad push pull passenger
Warangal Hyderabad Warangal push pull passenger, is an suburban service running between Warangal and Hyderabad in the Telangana state. The Secundrabad Division of South Central Railways of Indian Railways administers this train. The train covers 151 kilometres (94 mi) in 3 hours and 55 minutes.

The train runs from Warangal to Hyderabad, the capital of Telangana state.

It has daily two services between the Warangal to Hyderabad.

Hyderabad Deccan railway station
Hyderabad Deccan railway station (station code: HYB) is a second grade non-suburban (NSG–2) category Indian railway station in Hyderabad railway division of South Central Railway zone. It was constructed and earlier run by the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway of the Hyderabad State.
It is located in Hyderabad of the Indian state of Telangana. It got selected as one of the 21 stations to be developed under Amrit Bharat Stations scheme.
Daemonosaurus
Daemonosaurus is an extinct genus of possible theropod dinosaur from the Late Triassic of New Mexico. The only known fossil is a skull and neck fragments from deposits of the latest Triassic Chinle Formation at Ghost Ranch. Daemonosaurus was an unusual dinosaur with a short skull and large, fang-like teeth. It lived alongside early neotheropods such as Coelophysis, which would have been among the most common dinosaurs by the end of the Triassic. However, Daemonosaurus retains several plesiomorphic ("primitive") traits of the snout, and it likely lies outside the clade Neotheropoda. It may be considered a late-surviving basal theropod or non-theropod basal saurischian, possibly allied to other early predatory dinosaurs such as herrerasaurids or Tawa.

Plesiomorphy and symplesiomorphy
In phylogenetics, a plesiomorphy ("near form") and  symplesiomorphy are synonyms for an ancestral character shared by all members of a clade, which does not distinguish the clade from other clades.

Plesiomorphy, symplesiomorphy, apomorphy, and synapomorphy all mean a trait shared between species because they share an ancestral species.

Apomorphic and synapomorphic characteristics convey information about evolutionary clades and can be used to define taxa. However, plesiomorphic and symplesiomorphic characteristics cannot.

The term symplesiomorphy was introduced in 1950 by German entomologist Willi Hennig.
I Wanna Go Back
"I Wanna Go Back" is a 1984 song by American rock band Billy Satellite, written by band members Monty Byrom, Danny Chauncey, and Ira Walker, that achieved major popularity when recorded by Eddie Money in 1986. Another version was recorded by former Santana/Journey keyboardist/singer Gregg Rolie for his self-titled 1985 debut solo album.

Monty Byrom
Monty Byrom (born 1958) is an American rock, blues and country guitarist, singer, songwriter and producer. He fronted the rock band Billy Satellite, co-writing several songs for the band that later became hits for Eddie Money.  Byrom later became more involved in collaborations with Money, writing or co-writing songs on future Money albums and touring with Money on occasion. Later while leading the "soul country" band Big House, Byrom made a significant contribution to the new Bakersfield Sound, with a nod to his Bakersfield roots.
Small nucleolar RNA SNORD79
In molecular biology, snoRNA U79 (also known as SNORD79 or Z22)  is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the modification of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is usually located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA.

U79 belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the conserved sequence motifs known as the C box (UGAUGA) and the D box (CUGA). Most of the members of the box C/D family function in directing site-specific 2'-O-methylation of substrate RNAs.

snoRNA U79 is found in intron 7 of the GAS5 gene in humans and is also present in mice.
U79 is predicted to guide the 2'O-ribose methylation of 28S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) residue A3809.

Methylation
Methylation, in the chemical sciences, is the addition of a methyl group on a substrate, or the substitution of an atom (or group) by a methyl group. Methylation is a form of alkylation, with a methyl group replacing a hydrogen atom.  These terms are commonly used in chemistry, biochemistry, soil science, and biology.

In biological systems, methylation is catalyzed by enzymes; such methylation can be involved in modification of heavy metals, regulation of gene expression, regulation of protein function, and RNA processing. In vitro methylation of tissue samples is also a way to reduce some histological staining artifacts. The reverse of methylation is demethylation.
C. Eugene Cox
Cyril "C." Eugene Cox was a Bermudian politician. He served as a Bermuda Progressive Labour Party (PLP) MP from Sandys North, as Minister of Finance, and as Deputy Premier. He was the father of Paula Cox, Jeremy Cox, and Robert Cox.

Progressive Labour Party (Bermuda)
The Progressive Labour Party (PLP) is one of the three political parties in Bermuda. At the 18 July 2017 general election, the party won 24 of the 36 seats in the Bermudian House of Assembly to become the governing party. The party was founded in 1963, the first political party in Bermuda, and the oldest still active. It formed government from 1998 to 2012, and again since 2017.
Mongo the Magnificent
Dr. Robert "Mongo" Fredrickson, a.k.a. Mongo the Magnificent, is a fictional private eye and criminologist who has dwarfism, appearing in several books by George C. Chesbro. His rather unusual nickname is actually his stage name, from his days as an acrobat in a circus (a career that is over by the time the book series begins).
The novels are usually classified as mysteries, but frequently contain strong elements of speculative fiction such as extra-sensory perception and cryptozoology.

Acrobatics
Acrobatics (from Ancient Greek  ἀκροβατέω (akrobatéō) 'walk on tiptoe, strut') is the performance of human feats of balance, agility, and motor coordination. Acrobatic skills are used in performing arts, sporting events, and martial arts. Extensive use of acrobatic skills are most often performed in acro dance, circus, gymnastics, and freerunning and to a lesser extent in other athletic activities including ballet, slacklining and diving. Although acrobatics is most commonly associated with human body performance, the term is used to describe other types of performance, such as aerobatics.
Megalaria crispisulcans
Megalaria crispisulcans is a species of isidiate lichen in the family Ramalinaceae. Found in New Zealand, it was formally described as a new species in 2023. The lichen typically grows on the bark of māhoe and mamangi trees, and has also been found growing on rocks.

Glossary of mycology
This glossary of mycology is a list of definitions of terms and concepts relevant to mycology, the study of fungi. Terms in common with other fields, if repeated here, generally focus on their mycology-specific meaning. Related terms can be found in glossary of biology and glossary of botany, among others. List of Latin and Greek words commonly used in systematic names and Botanical Latin may also be relevant, although some prefixes and suffixes very common in mycology are repeated here for clarity.
Coatsworth
Coatsworth is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Elizabeth Coatsworth (1893–1986), American author of children's fiction and poetry

Emerson Coatsworth (1854–1943), Canadian lawyer and politician

Gary Coatsworth (born 1968), English former footballer

John Henry Coatsworth (born 1940), historian of Latin America and the provost of Columbia University

Leonard Coatsworth, the last person to drive on the Tacoma Narrows Bridge (1940) before its collapse

Lucien Coatsworth Gause (1836–1880), nineteenth century politician and lawyer from Arkansas

Moira Coatsworth (born 1953), President of the New Zealand Labour Party

Nick Coatsworth, Australian infectious diseases expert

Lucien C. Gause
Lucien Coatsworth Gause (December 25, 1836 – November 5, 1880) was an American lawyer, politician and military veteran who served in the Confederate Army during the Civil War. From 1875 to 1879, he served two terms in the U.S. House of Representatives, representing an Arkansas congressional district.
John Hawkins Hagarty
Sir John Hawkins Hagarty (17 September 1816 – 27 April 1900) was a Canadian lawyer, teacher, and judge.

Born in Dublin, Ireland, Hagarty was educated at Trinity College Dublin for a year before emigrating to Upper Canada in 1834. He was a student-at-law in the law office of George Duggan in Toronto. He was called to the Bar in 1840 and was a partner with John Willoughby Crawford. As well from 1852 to 1855, he taught at Trinity College, Toronto.

In 1856, he was appointed a judge. He was a judge for 41 years including: Puisne Judge of the Court of Common Pleas (1856–62), judge of the Court of Queen's Bench (1862–68), Chief Justice of Common Pleas (1868–78), Chief Justice of Queen's Bench (1878–84), and President of the Court of Appeal and Chief Justice of Ontario (1884–97).

He was knighted in the 1897 Diamond Jubilee Honours when he retired in 1897.

Court of Appeal for Ontario
The Court of Appeal for Ontario (frequently mistakenly referred to as the Ontario Court of Appeal) (ONCA is the abbreviation for its neutral citation) is the appellate court for the province of Ontario, Canada. The seat of the court is Osgoode Hall in downtown Toronto (also the seat of the Law Society of Ontario and the Divisional Court of the Ontario Superior Court of Justice).
M.O.B.: The Album
M.O.B.: The Album is the only studio album by American hip hop collective ByrdGang. It was released through Jim Jones' ByrdGang Records and Asylum Records digitally on June 17, 2008, and the physical copies were in stores on July 1, 2008. Production was handled by Chink Santana, Joe Black, Noyz, AblazeDaArchitek, Chad Beats, DJ Green Lantern, Majik, M. Rell, Oneya and Young Los, with Black Flag Boo Boo, Dorielle and Nardo serving as co-producers. It features contributions from Jim Jones, NOE, Mel Matrix, Chink Santana, Sandman, Juelz Santana, Sen City, the late Stack Bundles, Hell Rell and Oshy. The album peaked at number 29 on the Billboard 200, number 6 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and number 5 on the Top Rap Albums.

The album's first single was "Splash" performed by Jim Jones, Juelz Santana, NOE and Chink Santana.

Chink Santana
Andre Parker, known by his stage name Chink Santana, is an American R&B record producer from Washington, D.C. He is known for co-producing albums including Ashanti (2002), by singer of the same name, as well as its follow-up, Chapter II (2003). He also co-wrote and produced tracks on Judgement Days (2005), the second album by English singer Ms. Dynamite.

He guest appeared on Jim Jones' 2009 single "Perfect Day", having also co-produced several of Jones' albums beginning with Hustler's P.O.M.E. (Product of My Environment) (2006).
Y Division (United Kingdom)
Historian Richard Doherty wrote that the division was created as an ad hoc measure "to achieve stabilisation" followed the Battle of Kasserine Pass on February 19. Brigadier Nelson Russell was given command. Doherty stated that the division comprised the 38th (Irish) Brigade, the 1st Parachute Brigade, one French infantry battalion, and artillery support. H.F. Joslen, compiler of the official history detailing British orders of battle, concurs that the Irish Brigade formed part of the division, but does not list the paratroopers as part of it. He recorded the division included the 1st Infantry Brigade (Guards). The latter joined the division on 27 February, while the Irish Brigade joined on 16 February, likely the formation date of the division. The division was disbanded on 16 March. Richard Doherty wrote that "Russell never did find out why the formation was actually called Y Division".

Brigadier (United Kingdom)
Brigadier (Brig) is a senior rank in the British Army and the Royal Marines. Brigadier is the superior rank to colonel and subordinate to major-general. It corresponds to the rank of brigadier general in many other nations, although it is not considered to be a general officer rank in the United Kingdom.

The rank has a NATO rank code of OF-6, placing it equivalent to the Royal Navy commodore and the Royal Air Force air commodore ranks and the brigadier general (1-star general) rank of the United States military and numerous other NATO nations.
Haruhiko Tanahashi
Haruhiko Tanahashi (棚橋晴彦, Haruhiko Tanahashi) is a Japanese automotive engineer who is responsible for the design and construction of the Lexus LFA supercar.  Tanahashi joined Toyota Motor Corporation in 1978 as a chassis engineer, and has since worked in new vehicle design for over 30 years. The LFA development program, begun as project 680, comprised over a decade of his career until the debut of the vehicle in 2009.   Tanahashi holds eight automotive design patents, previously worked on earlier models including the Toyota Crown, Soarer and Aristo, and has been part of various Toyota and Lexus development divisions.

Automotive engineering
Automotive engineering, along with aerospace engineering and naval architecture, is a branch of vehicle engineering, incorporating elements of mechanical, electrical, electronic, software, and safety engineering as applied to the design, manufacture and operation of motorcycles, automobiles, and trucks and their respective engineering subsystems. It also includes modification of vehicles. Manufacturing domain deals with the creation and assembling the whole parts of automobiles is also included in it. The automotive engineering field is research intensive and involves direct application of mathematical models and formulas. The study of automotive engineering is to design, develop, fabricate, and test vehicles or vehicle components from the concept stage to production stage. Production, development, and manufacturing are the three major functions in this field.
Stefánsdóttir
Stefánsdóttir is an Icelandic patronymic, used by:

Dóra Stefánsdóttir (born 1985), retired Icelandic footballer who last played for Swedish club LdB FC Malmö

Erla Stefánsdóttir (1935–2015), Icelandic self-proclaimed seer and public commentator on the topic of the huldufólk

Greta Salóme Stefánsdóttir (born 1986), Icelandic singer and violinist in the Iceland Symphony Orchestra

Hanna Guðrún Stefánsdóttir (born 1979), Icelandic team handball player

Ragna Lóa Stefánsdóttir (born 1966), Icelandic former football player

Sigrún Stefánsdóttir (born 1947), the head of radio and television of RÚV, the National Icelandic Broadcasting Service

Sóley Stefánsdóttir (born 1987), Icelandic multi-instrumentalist, singer, and songwriter

Þórey Rósa Stefánsdóttir (born 1989), Icelandic team handball player

Þórey Rósa Stefánsdóttir
Þórey Rósa Stefánsdóttir (born 14 August 1989) is an Icelandic team handball player. She plays for Fram Reykjavik and on the Icelandic national team, and participated at the 2011 World Women's Handball Championship in Brazil.

In December 2018, she was named the Icelandic Women's Handball Player of the Year.
North Gyeongsang Province
North Gyeongsang Province (Korean: 경상북도; RR: Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korean pronunciation: [kjʌŋ.saŋ.buk̚.t͈o]) is a province in eastern South Korea, and with an area of 18,420 km2 (7,110 sq mi), it is the largest province in the Korean peninsula. The province was formed in 1896 from the northern half of the former Gyeongsang province, and remained a province of Korea (as Keishōhoku-dō during Japanese rule) until the country's division in 1945, then became part of South Korea.

Daegu was the capital of North Gyeongsang Province between 1896 and 1981, but has not been a part of the province since 1981. In 2016, the provincial capital moved from Daegu to Andong.

Administrative divisions of South Korea
South Korea is made up of 17 first-tier administrative divisions: 6 metropolitan cities (gwangyeoksi 광역시/廣域市), 1 special city (teukbyeolsi 특별시/特別市), 1 special self-governing city (teukbyeol-jachisi 특별자치시/特別自治市), and 9 provinces (do 도/道), including three special self-governing provinces (teukbyeol jachido 특별자치도/特別自治道) and six claimed by the ROK government. These are further subdivided into a variety of smaller entities, including cities (si 시/市), counties (gun 군/郡), districts (gu 구/區), towns (eup 읍/邑), townships (myeon 면/面), neighborhoods (dong 동/洞) and villages (ri 리/里).
Obsession (Sky Ferreira song)
"Obsession" is a song by American singer Sky Ferreira. The song was written and produced by Justin "DJ Frank E" Franks with OneRepublic members Ryan Tedder and Jerrod Bettis. It was released as a single on September 14, 2010, by Capitol Records. The song peaked at number 37 on Billboard's Hot Dance Club Songs chart. The accompanying music video was directed by Marc Klasfeld, and portrays Ferreira's obsession with actor Michael Madsen.

Latroit (musical artist)
Dennis White (born 1967), also known as Latroit and Static Revenger, is an American electronic dance music producer, songwriter and DJ. In 2018, he won the Grammy Award for Best Remixed Recording, Non-Classical for his remix of "You Move", originally by Depeche Mode.
Alabama Christian Academy
Alabama Christian Academy (ACA) is a private Protestant school in Montgomery, Alabama. ACA is a coeducational, college preparatory school and is affiliated with the Churches of Christ. As of the 2013–2014 school year, Alabama Christian Academy had 957 students enrolled in Pre-K through the 12th grade.  It is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. Alabama Christian is also a member of the National Christian Schools Association (NCSA) and the Alabama High School Athletic Association (AHSAA).

Churches of Christ
The Churches of Christ, also commonly known as the Church of Christ, is a loose association of autonomous Christian congregations located around the world. Typically, their distinguishing beliefs are the necessity of baptism for salvation and the prohibition of musical instruments in worship. Many such congregations identify themselves as being nondenominational. The Churches of Christ arose in the United States from the Restoration Movement of 19th-century Christians, who declared independence from denominations and traditional creeds. They sought "the unification of all Christians in a single body patterned after the original church described in the New Testament.": 54