hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bretislav Victor Heinrich
Bretislav Victor Heinrich from the Simon Fraser University, was awarded the status of Fellow in the American Physical Society, after they were nominated by their Forum on International Physics in 1995, for the elucidation of loss of ferromagnetic resonance in metals; for the contribution to the invention of ferromagnetic antiresonance; for adapting molecular beam epitaxy to studies of exchange interactions and anisotropies in the highest quality ultrathin magnetic films.

Molecular-beam epitaxy
Molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE) is an epitaxy method for thin-film deposition of single crystals. MBE is widely used in the manufacture of semiconductor devices, including transistors. MBE is used to make diodes and MOSFETs (MOS field-effect transistors) at microwave frequencies, and to manufacture the lasers used to read optical discs (such as CDs and DVDs).
Ravenna railway station
Ravenna railway station (Italian: Stazione di Ravenna) serves the city and comune of Ravenna, in the region of Emilia-Romagna, northern Italy.  Opened in 1863, it forms part of the Ferrara–Rimini railway, and is also a terminus of two secondary railways, linking Ravenna with Faenza and Castelbolognese, respectively.

The station is currently managed by Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (RFI).  However, the commercial area of the passenger building is managed by Centostazioni.  Train services are operated by Trenitalia. Each of these companies is a subsidiary of Ferrovie dello Stato (FS), Italy's state-owned rail company.

Centostazioni
Centostazioni S.p.A. (English: 100 Stations) is a subsidiary of Italian holding company Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane. The company was created to redevelop and manage 103 medium-sized Italian railway stations.
Palazzo Musmeci, Acireale
37°36′47″N 15°09′48″E﻿ / ﻿37.61299°N 15.16323°E﻿ / 37.61299; 15.16323

The Palazzo Musmeci is a late-Baroque-style palace located on Via Musmeci and Piazza San Domenico, across from the church of San Domenico, in the city of Acireale, region of Sicily, Italy.

The palace was erected by the Baron Musmeci in the 18th century. Its curved facade has small balconies on second-story windows; the attic story has smaller windows below a decorative cornice. The palace retains some 18th-century furnishings and a courtyard with statues.

Acireale
Acireale (Italian: [ˌatʃireˈaːle]; Sicilian: Jaciriali, locally shortened to Jaci or Aci) is a coastal city and municipality in the north-east of the Metropolitan City of Catania in the autonomous region of Sicily in Italy, at the foot of Mount Etna, on the coast facing the Ionian Sea. With a population of 50,579, it is the second-largest municipality in the metropolitan city.

It is home to numerous churches, including the Neo-Gothic St. Pietro's Basilica, St. Sebastiano's Basilica in the Sicilian Baroque style, and the 17th century Acireale Cathedral, and a seminary, for the training of priests. Acireale is also noted for its art and paintings: the oldest academy in Sicily, the Accademia di scienze, lettere e belle arti degli Zelanti e dei Dafnici, is located here.
Morse Township, St. Louis County, Minnesota
Morse Township is a township in Saint Louis County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 1,213 at the 2010 census.

State Highways 1 (MN 1) and 169 (MN 169) are two of the main routes in the township.  Other routes include Saint Louis County Road 88 (Grant–McMahan Boulevard), County Road 116 (Echo Trail), and County Road 21.

The unincorporated communities of Burntside and Robinson are in Morse Township.

The city of Ely is located within Morse Township geographically but is a separate entity.

The city of Winton is geographically within the northeast edge of the township, but is a separate entity.

Minnesota State Highway 169
Minnesota State Highway 169 (MN 169) is a 48.853-mile-long (78.621 km) highway in northeast Minnesota, which runs from its interchange with U.S. Highway 53 in Wuori Township (immediately north of the city of Virginia) and continues northeast to its northern terminus at the intersection of Lake County Road 18 and Power Dam Road in Fall Lake Township (6-miles east of Ely).  State Highway 169 becomes Lake County Road 18 at this point.

State Highway 169 is numbered as an extension of U.S. Highway 169, using the same mileage that began at the Iowa state line.

The route runs concurrent with State Highway 1 for 26 miles (42 km) from Vermilion Lake Township (west of Tower) to Ely.
Ravizza
Ravizza is an Italian surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Francesco Ravizza (1616–1675), Italian archbishop and diplomat

Giuliano Ravizza (1926–1992), Italian fashion designer

Giuseppe Ravizza (1811–1885), Italian inventor

Matilde Ravizza (born 1971), Italian runner

Matilde Ravizza
Matilde Ravizza (born 27 December 1971) is a former Italian female mountain runner and long-distance runner who won a medal at individual senior level  at the World Mountain Running Championships.

Ravizza won Florence Marathon in 1997.
Henry Forbes (composer)
Henry Forbes (1804 – 24 November 1859) was an English pianist, organist and composer.

Forbes was a pupil of George Thomas Smart, Johann Nepomuk Hummel, Ignaz Moscheles, and Henri Herz, and had greater success as executant and teacher than as composer. While organist of St Luke's Church, Chelsea, a London church, he published (1843) National Psalmody, containing some original numbers. His opera The Fairy Oak was disliked by the critics, but had a run of a week or two after its production at Drury Lane, 18 October 1845. A cantata, Ruth, was performed in 1847.

Forbes frequently associated with his brother George Forbes (1813–1883) in concerts, and was between 1827 and 1850 conductor of the Società Armonica. He died on 24 November 1859, in his fifty-sixth year.

Johann Nepomuk Hummel
Johann Nepomuk Hummel (14 November 1778 – 17 October 1837) was an Austrian composer and pianist. His music reflects the transition from the Classical to the Romantic musical era. He was a pupil of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Antonio Salieri, and Joseph Haydn. Hummel significantly influenced later piano music of the nineteenth century, particularly in the works of Frédéric Chopin, Franz Liszt, and Felix Mendelssohn.
Chaudhary Rishipal Singh
Chaudhary Rishipal Singh is an Indian politician who is currently serving as a member of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council and a party member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. He was elected as MLC from Aligarh-Hathras of Local Authority Constituencies.

Aligarh district
Aligarh district (Hindi pronunciation: [əliːgəɽʱ]) is one of the 75 districts in the northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. This district is a part of Aligarh Division. The districts which adjoin Aligarh are (clockwise from north) Gautam Buddha Nagar, Bulandshahr, Sambhal, Badaun, Kasganj, Hathras and Mathura.
Bernd Uhl
Bernd Joachim Uhl (23 November 1946 – 22 January 2023) was a German Roman Catholic prelate.

Uhl was born in Germany and was ordained to the priesthood in 1974. He served as titular bishop of Malliana and as auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Freiburg, Germany from 2001 until his resignation in 2018.

Archdiocese of Freiburg
The Archdiocese of Freiburg im Breisgau (Latin Archidioecesis Friburgensis) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church in Baden-Württemberg comprising the former states of Baden and Hohenzollern. The Archdiocese of Freiburg is led by an archbishop, who also serves as the metropolitan bishop of the Upper-Rhine ecclesiastical province for the suffragan dioceses of Mainz and Rottenburg-Stuttgart. Its seat is Freiburg Minster in Freiburg im Breisgau.

The 14th Archbishop of Freiburg, Robert Zollitsch, followed his predecessor Oskar Saier, who served from 1978 to 2002. On May 30, 2014 Stephan Burger was elected by the Chapter as the new Archbishop of Freiburg. He was ordained as bishop on June 29, 2014.
2011–12 Egyptian Premier League
The 2011–12 Egyptian Premier League was the fifty-fifth season of the Egyptian Premier League since its establishment in 1948. The season began on 14 October 2011, with a total of 19 teams contesting the league.  Al Ahly won the last seven league titles.

This season, the league increased from 16 to 19 teams due to no relegation in the 2010–11 season as a result of the 2011 Egyptian revolution.  Three teams were promoted from the second division.

Following the Port Said Stadium disaster on 1 February 2012, the season was suspended. At that time, teams had played between 14 and 17 games out of 30. Haras El-Hodood was in first place with a 12–1–1 record.  This result was considered a significant surprise by Al Ahram. On 10 March 2012, a decision was reached to cancel the remainder of the season.

Al Ittihad Alexandria Club
Al Ittihad Alexandria Club (Arabic: نادي الإتحاد السكندري), locally known as El Ittihad El Skandary, is an Egyptian sports club based in Alexandria. The club is mainly known for its professional football team, which currently plays in the Egyptian Premier League, the highest league in the Egyptian football league system.

Founded in 1914 in Alexandria, the club is one of the oldest and most popular football clubs in Egypt. Al Ittihad was the first club that rushed to endorse the idea of founding the Egyptian Football Association in 1921, which significantly contributed to increasing the club's popularity in Alexandria. Its famous Chairman was Tawfik Abouhashem.
Museum of Nowa Huta
The Museum of Nowa Huta is a branch of the Historical Museum of Kraków. This department was opened on 26 April 2005 by the Mayor of Kraków, Jacek Majchrowski. It contains temporary exhibitions related to the history and monuments of Nowa Huta, the youngest district of Kraków. This branch arranges lessons, lectures and organizes academic conferences related to this district. The museum is located on the ground floor in a 4-floor apartment building. The scouts' supply depot has been adapted to the needs of this branch and a modern audio-visual and exhibition room has been created.

Nowa Huta
Nowa Huta (pronounced [ˈnɔva ˈxuta], literally "The New Ironworks") is the easternmost district of Kraków, Poland. With more than 200,000 inhabitants, it is one of the most populous areas of the city. Until 1990, the neighbouring districts were considered expansions of the original Nowa Huta district, and were linked by the same tramway system. Today, the district formally known as Nowa Huta has been divided into several smaller districts.

Nowa Huta is one of the largest planned socialist realist settlements or districts ever built (another being Magnitogorsk in Russia) in the entire world.

Built as a utopian ideal city, its street hierarchy, layout and certain grandeur of buildings often resemble Paris or London. The high abundance of parks and green areas in Nowa Huta make it the greenest corner of Kraków.
Visoko during the Middle Ages
The area of today's Visoko is considered to be a nucleus from where Bosnian statehood was developed in 10th century. The expanded valley of the river Bosna around today's Visoko was the biggest agriculture area in central Bosnia, so fertile ground around Visoko was ideal for development of early political center of Bosnian nobility.

The settlement that was in Visoko field has been associated with the name Bosna (Bosnia) for a long time, only since the 1350s has the name Visoki became widely used. Visoko and its valley with Mile, Moštre and Podvisoki was an early center of the Bosnian medieval state, and the site where some members of the Kotromanić dynasty were buried and the first Bosnian King Tvrtko I was crowned. The old town of Visoki, located on Visočica hill, was a politically important fortress, and its inner bailey, Podvisoki, was an early example of a Bosnian medieval urban area.

Central Bosnia
Central Bosnia (Bosnian: Srednja Bosna, Croatian: Središnja Bosna) is a central subregion of Bosnia, which consists of a core mountainous area with several basins, valleys and mountains. It is bordered by Bosnian Krajina to the northwest, Tropolje (Livno area) to the west, Herzegovina to the south, Sarajevo to the east and Tuzla to the northeast. It is a part of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and is divided between the Central Bosnia Canton and the Zenica-Doboj Canton, with a population of around 800,000. The largest city in the region is Zenica, with the Sarajevo-Zenica basin being the most densely populated area. Its highest peaks are Vranica (2,110 m), Šćit (1,780 m) and Bitovnja (1,700 m).
Boomer Jones
Boomer Jones was a 1950 radio show produced by the International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers (IAM) which first aired coast to coast on the Mutual Network on September 3, 1950, the day before Labor Day.  The show lasted approximately 30 minutes and was followed by a speech from Al Hayes, who was, at the time, the International President of the IAM.

Boomer Jones was written by Morton Wishengrad and directed by Mel Ferrer. Major roles were played by three of the top Hollywood stars of the time: William Holden, Marie McDonald, and Brian Donlevy who all donated their time and talent.

The radio program was the first of its kind ever attempted by a trade union and told the story of the old-time "boomers" (union organizers) who helped build one of the largest industrial trade unions in American history. Production of Boomer Jones required eight months of research into the early years of the IAM to make the final production as accurate as possible.

William Holden
William Franklin Holden (né Beedle; April 17, 1918 – November 12, 1981) was an American actor and one of the biggest box-office draws of the 1950s. He won the Academy Award for Best Actor for the film Stalag 17 (1953) and the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Limited Series or Movie  for The Blue Knight (1973).

Holden starred in some of Hollywood's most popular and critically acclaimed films, including Sunset Boulevard (1950), Sabrina (1954), Picnic (1955), The Bridge on the River Kwai (1957), The Wild Bunch (1969) and Network (1976). He was named one of the "Top 10 Stars of the Year" six times (1954–1958, 1961), and appeared as 25th on the American Film Institute's list of 25 greatest male stars of Classical Hollywood cinema.
Georgi Kabakov
Georgi Kabakov (Bulgarian: Георги Кабаков; born 22 February 1986) is a Bulgarian international football referee.

He became a football referee in 2001. In 2007, he was promoted to the Bulgarian top division. Until 2017, he has officiated more than 120 games in it. In 2013, Kabakov was a CORE 13 participant.

In 2013, he became a FIFA referee. He was appointed as a 4th official for the 2015 UEFA U17 Euro in Bulgaria. Kabakov was a referee at the 2015 UEFA U19 Euro in Greece. Until 2017 he has more than 35 international games as a referee.

Kabakov has officiated in the 2016–17, 2017–18 and 2018–19 UEFA Europa League, as well as the UEFA Nations League game between Austria and Northern Ireland.

Kabakov made his debut in the UEFA Champions League group stage. He officiated the match between Valencia CF and Manchester United at Mestalla Stadium, which ended in a 2–1 win for the hosts.

2015 UEFA European Under-17 Championship
The 2015 UEFA European Under-17 Championship was the 14th edition of the UEFA European Under-17 Championship (33rd edition if the Under-16 era was also included), the annual European youth football competition contested by the men's under-17 national teams of the member associations of UEFA. Bulgaria hosted the tournament. The finals featured 16 teams for the first time since 2002, as the number of teams was increased from eight in the previous tournament. Players born on or after 1 January 1998 were eligible to participate in this competition.

The final tournament also acted as the UEFA qualifier for the 2015 FIFA U-17 World Cup in Chile, with six teams qualifying (the four semi-finalists and the two winners of play-off matches between the losing quarter-finalists).

Each match lasted 80 minutes, consisting of two halves of 40 minutes, with an interval of 15 minutes.
Fred Schneider
Frederick William Schneider III (born July 1, 1951) is an American singer-songwriter and frontman of the rock band the B-52s, of which he is a founding member. Schneider is well known for his sprechgesang, which he developed from reciting poetry over guitars.

Sprechgesang
Sprechgesang (German: [ˈʃpʁɛçɡəzaŋ] ⓘ, "spoken singing") and Sprechstimme (German: [ˈʃpʁɛçʃtɪmə], "spoken voice"), more commonly known as speak-singing in English, are expressionist musical vocal techniques between singing and speaking. Though sometimes used interchangeably, Sprechgesang is directly related to the operatic recitative manner of singing (in which pitches are sung, but the articulation is rapid and loose like speech), whereas Sprechstimme is closer to speech itself (because it does not emphasise any particular pitches).
Andrew Mercier
Andrew Mercier (born 1985) is a Canadian politician and trade unionist who served as a member the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia (MLA) from 2020 to 2024. A member of the British Columbia New Democratic Party, represented the riding of Langley.

Mercier was elected in the 2020 general election and served as the Parliamentary Secretary for Skills Training from 2020 to 2022. Later he served as the Minister of State for Workforce Development from 2022 to 2024 and as Minister of State for Sustainable Forestry Innovation in 2024 until his election defeat in the 2024 general election. He contested the riding of Langley-Willowbrook but was unseated by Conservative Party candidate Jody Toor.

Legislative Assembly of British Columbia
The Legislative Assembly of British Columbia (French: Assemblée législative de la Colombie-Britannique) is the deliberative assembly of the Legislature of British Columbia, in the province of British Columbia, Canada. The legislature also includes the lieutenant governor of British Columbia. The assembly has 93 elected members and meets in Victoria. Members are elected from provincial ridings and are referred to as members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs). Bills passed by the assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor in the name of the King of Canada.

The current legislature is the 43rd Parliament. The most recent general election was held on October 19, 2024. Proceedings of the Legislative Assembly are broadcast by Hansard Broadcasting Services.
Siege money
Siege money or money of necessity is a form of notgeld (emergency money) that was issued in times of war or invasion, such as during a siege.

In the early modern period, it was necessary in Europe because at that time coinage had an intrinsic value and even though a town was besieged commerce had to continue and soldiers had to be paid. There are examples from the Eighty Years War (1568–1648) and the English Civil War (1642–1651). There is also related coinage issued by some field commanders such as Duke of Ormonde in Ireland who did not have ready access to official coinage minted by the civil authorities (see Civil War mints).

The issuing of money during sieges is not restricted to that period; for example during the Siege of Khartoum (1884–1885) currency in the form of paper money was issued by Governor-General of the Sudan, British Major-General Charles George Gordon.

Governor-general
Governor-general (plural governors-general), or governor general (plural governors general), is the title of an official, most prominently associated with the British Empire and the Commonwealth. In the context of the governors-general and former British colonies, governors-general continue to be appointed as viceroy to represent the monarch of a personal union in any sovereign state over which the monarch does not normally reign in person (non-UK Commonwealth realm). In the British Empire, governors-general were appointed on the advice of the government of the United Kingdom and were often British aristocracy, but in the mid-twentieth century they began to be appointed on the advice of the independent government of each realm and were citizens of each independent state.

Governors-general have also previously been appointed in respect of major colonial states or other territories held by either a monarchy or republic, such as Japan, Korea, Taiwan and France in Indochina.
Maharaja Agrasen Medical College, Agroha
The Maharaja Agrasen Medical College, Agroha (MAMC), a medical college affiliated to Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma University of Health Sciences and recognized by National Medical Commission, is located on NH-9 at Agroha city of Haryana state of India. It is located near Agroha Dham and Agroha Mound.

National Highway 9 (India)
National Highway 9 (NH 9) is a National Highway in India in east-west direction. It starts at Fazilka in Punjab and ends at Gori Ganga Bridge at Askot in Pithoragarh (Kumaun) District of Uttarakhand in Pithoragarh district in Uttarakhand. It passes through the states of Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand. After renumbering of all national highways by National Highway Authority of India in 2010, the current NH 9 was formed by merging segments of five separate national highways in 2010; these were Old NH 10 (Fazilka-Delhi section), Old NH 24 (Delhi-Rampur section),  Old NH 87 (Rampur-Rudrapur section), Old NH 74 (Rudrapur-Sitarganj-Khatima section) and Old NH 125 (Tanakpur-Pithoragarh section).
Kpelle syllabary
The Kpelle syllabary was invented c. 1935 by Chief Gbili of Sanoyie, Liberia. It was intended for writing the Kpelle language, a member of the Mande group of Niger-Congo languages spoken by about 490,000 people in Liberia and around 300,000 people in Guinea at that time.

The syllabary consists of 88 graphemes and is written from left to right in horizontal rows. Many of the glyphs have more than one form.

It was used to some extent by speakers of Kpelle in Liberia and Guinea during the 1930s and early 1940s but never achieved popular acceptance. It has been classed as a failed script.

Today Kpelle is written with a version of the Latin alphabet.

Sanoyie
Sanoyea is a town in Bong County, Liberia.  Alternate spellings for the town are Sanoyie, Sanoghie and Sanoye. The official language of the town is Kpelle. The meaning of Sanoyea in Kpelle is a fruit bearing tree (Sano) on the hill (yea).

The town is located 158 km north east of Monrovia, capital of Liberia.

Historical attractions include the Curran Memorial Lutheran Church, the Sanoyea public school, and former Lutheran Mission Campus.

The town was affected by the Liberian civil war which lasted approximately 14 years (1989 to 2003). Many residents fled during this time to the neighboring bushes returning only as the war subsided.

Famous residents include Benedict Wolapaye Mitchell, who was the chief nurse of the town. Others include: Moses Giddings, Momo Kaine, Cooper Vuku, and Peter Kollie.

In 1951, Pan Am Flight 151 crashed into a hill near Sanoyea.  There were no survivors among the 40 on board.
KOSE (AM)
KOSE (860 kHz) is an American southern gospel/ country music formatted broadcast radio station licensed to serve the community of Wilson, Arkansas, and broadcasting to Mississippi County in Arkansas and Lauderdale and Tipton counties in Tennessee. KOSE is owned and operated by Bobby Caldwell's East Arkansas Broadcasters, through licensee Bobby D. Caldwell Revocable Trust.

860 AM is a Canadian clear-channel frequency; KOSE must reduce nighttime power to protect the skywave signal of CJBC in Toronto.

Tipton County, Tennessee
Tipton County is a county located on the western end of the U.S. state of Tennessee, in the Mississippi Delta region. As of the 2020 census, the population was 60,970. Its county seat is Covington. Tipton County, founded in 1823, is part of the Memphis, TN-MS-AR Metropolitan Statistical Area.