hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
S. P. Y. Reddy
S. Pedda Yerikal Reddy (4 June 1950 – 30 April 2019) was a three-time Lok Sabha MP and Industrialist who headed the Nandi Group of Industries. He was born on 4 June 1950 in the Ankalammagudur village from Kadapa district of Andhra Pradesh. He graduated with a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering from NIT Warangal and joined the Mumbai-based Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, India's premium nuclear facility. He quit the position of a Scientific Officer in 1977 and set up a plastic containers manufacturing plant in 1979. Thereafter, he diversified his company's operations into PVC pipes manufacturing in 1984 under the name of Nandi Pipes.

Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha
A Member of Parliament in the Lok Sabha (abbreviated: MP) is the representative of a legislative constituency in the Lok Sabha; the lower house of the Parliament of India. Members of parliament of Lok Sabha are chosen by direct elections on the basis of the adult suffrage. The maximum permitted strength of members of parliament in the Lok Sabha is 550. This includes the maximum 530 members to represent the constituencies and states and up to 20 members to represent the union territories (both chosen by direct elections). Between 1952 and January 25, 2020, two seats were reserved for members of the Anglo-Indian community. The current elected strength of the Lok Sabha is 543. The party—or coalition of parties—having a majority in the Lok Sabha chooses the Prime Minister of India.

All Members of Lok Sabha rank 21st in the Order of Precedence of India.
Sufficiency economy
Sufficiency economy (Thai: เศรษฐกิจพอเพียง, romanized: Setthakit Phophiang) is the name of a Thai development approach attributed to the late King Bhumibol Adulyadej's "sufficiency economy philosophy" (SEP). It has been elaborated upon by Thai academics and agencies, promoted by the Government of Thailand, and applied by over 23,000 villages in Thailand that have SEP-based projects in operation.: 33

Office of the National Economic and Social Development Council
The Office of the National Economic and Social Development Council (Thai: สำนักงานสภาพัฒนาการเศรษฐกิจและสังคมแห่งชาติ), also known as NESDC (Thai: สภาพัฒน์), is a national economic planning agency of Thailand. It is a government department reporting directly to the Office of the Prime Minister. The NESDC maintains four regional offices in Chiang Mai, Khon Kaen, Songkhla, and Nonthaburi.: 20  Sanit Aksornkoae, Chairman of the NESDC, stated that in 2018 the Office of the National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB) underwent a major revamp, including being officially renamed the NESDC. Its FY2019 budget is 609.7 million baht.
Dungeon Siege II: Broken World
Dungeon Siege II: Broken World is the expansion pack for the role-playing video game Dungeon Siege II and continues the unfinished plot of the previous game. It was developed by Gas Powered Games and published by 2K in 2006.

Wargaming Seattle
Wargaming Seattle, formerly known as Gas Powered Games, was a video game developer located in Redmond, Washington. The development studio was started in May 1998 by Chris Taylor and several other ex-Cavedog Entertainment employees. In 2013 they became the Seattle studio of Wargaming. Wargaming Seattle was closed down in July 2018.
Jake Clifford
Jake Clifford (born 2 January 1998) is an Australian professional rugby league footballer who plays as a halfback and five-eighth for the North Queensland Cowboys in the NRL.

He previously played for the Newcastle Knights in the NRL and Hull FC in the Super League.

NRL Under-20s
The NRL Under-20s (known commercially as the Holden Cup due to sponsorship from Holden) was the top league of professional rugby league for players aged 20 years or younger in Australasia. Contested by sixteen teams, the Under-20s competition commenced in 2008 and was originally known as the Toyota Cup. The competition runs parallel to Australasia's professional competition, the National Rugby League, with NYC matches played immediately prior to the NRL games. Similar to the NRL, the NYC enforces a salary cap and puts a heavy focus on life outside football for the players.

The New Zealand Warriors were the most successful club in the competition's short history, with three premierships from four Grand Final appearances; in 2010, 2011 and 2014. In 2018, the NRL Under-20s was replaced by state-based under-20s competitions in New South Wales and Queensland.
August Ferdinand Häser
August Ferdinand Häser (15 October 1779 - 1 November 1844) was a German composer.

Häser was born in Leipzig into a musical family; the son of composer Johann Georg Häser, his three brothers were musicians, as was his sister Charlotte. A pupil at the St. Thomas School, Leipzig, he next studied theology at the University of Leipzig. In 1797 he traveled to Lemgo to teach mathematics. From 1806 until 1813 he traveled in Italy, returning to Lemgo in the latter year. In 1817 he moved to Weimar, where he became the music teacher of Princess Augusta and the chorus director of the Hoftheater. During his career he was active as well as a church organist and a teacher of the Italian language. He died in Weimar. His compositions include a requiem mass.

St. Thomas School, Leipzig
St. Thomas School, Leipzig (German: Thomasschule zu Leipzig; Latin: Schola Thomana Lipsiensis) is a co-educational and public boarding school in Leipzig, Saxony, Germany. It was founded by the Augustinians in 1212 and is one of the oldest schools in the world.

St. Thomas is known for its art, language and music education. Johann Sebastian Bach held the position of Thomaskantor from 1723 until his death in 1750. His responsibilities included providing young musicians for church services in Leipzig.
The Humanistic Gymnasium has a very long list of distinguished former students, including Richard Wagner (1813–1883) and many members of the Bach family, including Johann Sebastian Bach's son Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach (1714–1788).

From the 800-Year Anniversary Celebration in 2012 the Thomanerchor and St. Thomas School has been part of Forum Thomanum, an internationally oriented educational campus.
CD20-like family
In molecular biology, the CD20-like family of proteins includes the CD20 protein and the beta subunit of the high affinity receptor for IgE Fc, MS4A2. MS4A2 has a tetrameric structure consisting of a single IgE-binding alpha subunit, a single beta subunit, and two disulfide-linked gamma subunits. It has four putative transmembrane segments and a probable topology where both amino- and carboxy termini protrude into the cytoplasm. This family also includes LR8 like proteins from humans (TMEM176B), mice and rats. The function of the human LR8 protein is unknown although it is known to be strongly expressed in the lung fibroblasts. This family also includes sarcospan, a transmembrane component of dystrophin-associated glycoprotein. Loss of the sarcoglycan complex and sarcospan alone is sufficient to cause muscular dystrophy. The role of the sarcoglycan complex and sarcospan is thought to be to strengthen the dystrophin axis connecting the basement membrane with the cytoskeleton.

Sarcospan
Sarcospan is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SSPN gene.

Originally identified as Kirsten ras associated gene (KRAG), sarcospan is a 25-kDa transmembrane protein located in the dystrophin-associated protein complex of skeletal muscle cells, where it is most abundant. It contains four transmembrane spanning helices with both N- and C-terminal domains located intracellularly. Loss of SSPN expression occurs in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Dystrophin is required for proper localization of SSPN. SSPN is also an essential regulator of Akt signaling pathways. Without SSPN, Akt signaling pathways will be hindered and muscle regeneration will not occur.
Reproductive endocrinology and infertility
Reproductive endocrinology and infertility (REI) is a surgical subspecialty of obstetrics and gynecology that trains physicians in reproductive medicine addressing hormonal functioning as it pertains to reproduction as well as the issue of infertility. While most REI specialists primarily focus on the treatment of infertility, reproductive endocrinologists are trained to also test and treat hormonal dysfunctions in females and males outside infertility. Reproductive endocrinologists have specialty training (residency) in obstetrics and gynecology (ob-gyn) before they undergo sub-specialty training (fellowship) in REI.

Reproductive surgery is a related specialty, where a physician in ob-gyn or urology further specializes to operate on anatomical disorders that affect fertility.

Subspecialty
A subspecialty or subspeciality (see spelling differences) is a narrow field of professional knowledge/skills within a specialty of trade, and is most commonly used to describe the increasingly more diverse medical specialties. A subspecialist is a specialist of a subspecialty.

In medicine, subspecialization is particularly common in internal medicine, cardiology, neurology and pathology, psychiatry and has grown as medical practice has:

become more complex, and

it has become clear that a physician's case volume is negatively associated with their complication rate; that is, complications tend to decrease as the volume of cases per physician goes up.
Hoshina Masanao
Hoshina Masanao (保科 正直) (1542 – October 21, 1601) was a Japanese daimyō of the Sengoku period, who served the Takeda clan. He was the successor of his father Hoshina Masatoshi in the ranks of the senior Takeda retainers, and was given command of 250 cavalry.

Masanao was driven out of Takatō Castle following a Siege of Takatō (1582), but was soon allowed to return through the assistance of the Hojo clan. Following a brief conflict with Tokugawa Ieyasu's forces, Masanao became a Tokugawa retainer, and was allowed to retain Takatō. He took part in the Siege of Odawara (1590) under Ieyasu's command, and moved to the Kantō region together with Ieyasu. In the Kantō, Masanao was granted the Tako Domain.

Takeda clan
The Takeda clan (武田氏, Takeda-shi) was a Japanese samurai clan active from the late Heian period until the late 16th century. The clan was historically based in Kai Province in present-day Yamanashi Prefecture. The clan reached its greatest influence under the rule of Takeda Shingen, one of the most famous rulers of the period.
Atrimustine
Atrimustine (INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name) (developmental code name KM-2210; former tentative brand name Kregan), also known as bestrabucil or busramustine, is a cytostatic antineoplastic agent which was under development in Japan by Kureha Chemicals (now Kureha Corporation) for the treatment of breast cancer and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma as well as for the prevention of graft-versus-host disease in bone marrow transplant recipients. It is the benzoate ester of an ester conjugate of estradiol and chlorambucil, which results in targeted/site-directed cytostatic activity toward estrogen receptor–positive tissues such as breast and bone. It reached preregistration for the treatment of cancer but was ultimately discontinued. Estrogenicic side effects of atrimustine in clinical trials included vaginal bleeding and gynecomastia. The drug was first patented in 1980.

Benzoic acid
Benzoic acid (/bɛnˈzoʊ.ɪk/) is a white or colorless crystalline organic compound with the formula C6H5COOH, whose structure consists of a benzene ring (C6H6) with a carboxyl (−C(=O)OH) substituent. The benzoyl group is often abbreviated "Bz" (not to be confused with "Bn", which is used for benzyl), thus benzoic acid is also denoted as BzOH, since the benzoyl group has the formula −C6H5CO. It is the simplest aromatic carboxylic acid. The name is derived from gum benzoin, which was for a long time its only source.

Benzoic acid occurs naturally in many plants and serves as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of many secondary metabolites. Salts of benzoic acid are used as food preservatives.  Benzoic acid is an important precursor for the industrial synthesis of many other organic substances.  The salts and esters of benzoic acid are known as benzoates (/ˈbɛnzoʊ.eɪts/).
Lucillius
Lucillius (Ancient Greek: Λουκίλλιος; fl. 60s CE) was the author of one hundred twenty three epigrams in Greek preserved in the Greek Anthology. He lived under the emperor Nero. Many of his poems describe stereotyped people, such as doctors or thin people; as such his works are in the tradition of the Characters of Theophrastus. He influenced the Latin epigrammatist Martial. Beyond his name no details of his life are known. Sometimes his name is (incorrectly) spelled "Lucilius", creating confusion with the Roman satirist Lucilius.

Gaius Lucilius
Gaius Lucilius (180, 168 or 148 BC – 103 BC) was the earliest Roman satirist, of whose writings only fragments remain. A Roman citizen of the equestrian class, he was born at Suessa Aurunca in Campania, and was a member of the Scipionic Circle.
Slakovci
Slakovci (German: Zlaakowcz, Hungarian: Szlakóc) is a village in Stari Jankovci municipality of Vukovar-Syrmia County in eastern Croatia. It is connected by the D46 state road. The village is physically connected with the village of Srijemske Laze. The village is connected with the rest of the country by the D46 state road connecting it with the town of Vinkovci and continuing into Serbia as the State Road 120 to the nearest town of Šid.

Šid
Šid (Serbian Cyrillic: Шид, pronounced [ʃîːd]; Hungarian: Sid) is a town and municipality located in the Srem District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. It has a population of 12,628, while the municipality has 27,894 inhabitants (2022 census). A border crossing between Serbia and Croatia is located in the town.
1962 Toronto municipal election
Municipal elections were held in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, on December 3, 1962. Incumbent mayor Nathan Phillips, then the longest-serving mayor in Toronto history, lost to Controller Donald Summerville by a significant margin.

Two major referendums were also held in Metro Toronto. The most controversial was over water fluoridation, which passed by a slim margin of 166,960 to 163,240. The areas outside Toronto also voted to remove some of the last of the Blue Laws by allowing movies to be shown on Sundays, something that was already allowed in the city itself.

Allan Lamport
Allan Austin Lamport, CM (April 4, 1903 – November 18, 1999) was mayor of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, from 1951 to 1954. Known as "Lampy",  his most notable achievement was his opposition to Toronto's Blue laws which banned virtually any activities on Sundays. Lamport fought to allow professional sporting activities on Sundays. He won the 1954 election, but resigned after six months to become vice-chairman (later chairman) of the newly formed Toronto Transit Commission (TTC). Lamport later returned to City Council and made headlines for his opposition to Yorkville's hippies in the late 1960s.
Ambotaka
Ambotaka is a town and commune in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Manakara, which is a part of Vatovavy-Fitovinany Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 11,000 in 2001 commune census.

Only primary schooling is available. The majority 99.5% of the population of the commune are farmers.  The most important crops are coffee and cloves, while other important agricultural products are sugarcane, cassava and rice. Additionally fishing employs 0.5% of the population.

Clove
Cloves are the aromatic flower buds of a tree in the family Myrtaceae, Syzygium aromaticum (/sɪˈzɪdʒiːəm ˌærəˈmætɪkəm/). They are native to the Maluku Islands, or Moluccas, in Indonesia, and are commonly used as a spice, flavoring, or fragrance in consumer products, such as toothpaste, soaps, or cosmetics. Cloves are available throughout the year owing to different harvest seasons across various countries.
Ivan-Arakhley Lake System
Ivan-Arakhley Lake System (Russian: Ивано-Арахлейские озёра) is a group of fresh water bodies in the Chita District, Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. The villages of Arakhley, Tasei and Preobrazhenka are located near the lakes.

The lakes are a tourist attraction and there are holiday cottages and resorts near them. They are located within the Ivano-Arakhley State Natural Landscape Reserve (Zakaznik), a protected area of regional significance created in 1995, covering an area of 210,000 ha (520,000 acres).

Zakaznik
A zakaznik is a type of protected area in former Soviet republics such as Belarus, Russia, Ukraine, that meets World Conservation Union's (IUCN) category IV, or more frequently category VI criteria.

Many zakazniks have traditionally been managed as game reserves. Some protect complex ecosystems, colonies of birds, or populations of rare plants. They range in size from 0.5 ha to 6,000,000 ha. In other words, a zakaznik is a nature reserve.

Zakazniks are the areas where temporary or permanent limitations are placed upon certain on-site economic activities, such as logging, mining, grazing, hunting, etc. They correspond to sanctuary in UNESCO World Heritage terminology and literally mean preserves or reserve (from the Russian zakaz — order, reserve).
Germany–Iran relations
Germany–Iran relations are the bilateral relations between Germany and Iran. Official diplomatic relations between Iran and Germany after World War II began in 1939, when Iran opened its first diplomatic mission office in Bonn. Both countries' predecessor states had maintained formal diplomatic relations since the end of the 19th century. Germany has an embassy in Tehran, which was originally established in the court of Naser al-Din Shah Qajar in October 1884 and has been in the present building since 1894. Iran opened its embassy in Berlin in 1885. Germany and Iran continued to have political relations well into World War II. In December 2022, Germany said it was "suspending state incentives to promote trade with Iran due to the repression of demonstrators."

2021–2022 Iranian protests
Protests erupted in Iran on 15 July 2021 over water shortages, but were quickly met with police violence and brutality. November 2021 saw further protests due to water shortages; various other protests and strikes also took place due to the worsening economic situation. In August 2021, Amnesty International noted that brutal forces have been used by the Security Forces to oppress the protesters.
Carinthian dialect group
The Carinthian dialect group (koroška narečna skupina, koroščina: 71 ) is a group of closely related dialects of Slovene, a South Slavic language. The Carinthian dialects are spoken by Carinthian Slovenes in Austria, in Slovenian Carinthia, and in the northwestern parts of Slovenian Styria along the upper Drava Valley, in the westernmost areas of Upper Carniola on the border with Italy, and in some villages in the Province of Udine in Italy.

Province of Udine
The province of Udine (Italian: provincia di Udine; Friulian: provincie di Udin; Slovene: Videmska pokrajina; Resian: Vydänskä provinčjä; German: Provinz Weiden) was a province in the autonomous Friuli-Venezia Giulia region of Italy, bordering Austria and Slovenia, with the capital in the city of Udine. Abolished on 30 September 2017, it was reestablished in 2019 as the Regional Decentralization Entity of Udine (Italian: ente di decentramento regionale di Udine; Friulian: ent di decentrament regjonâl di Udin; Slovene: enota deželne decentralizacije Videm), and was reactivated on 1 July 2020. It has a population of 516,323 over an area of 4,969.30 square kilometres (1,918.66 mi2) across its 134 municipalities.
2021–22 North West Counties Football League
The 2021–22 North West Counties Football League season was the 40th in the history of the North West Counties Football League, a football competition in England, and the fourth season following the split of the lower level into two geographically separated divisions. Teams are divided into three divisions: Premier Division, at Step 5, and Divisions One North and South, at Step 6.

The allocations for Steps 5 and 6 this season were announced by The Football Association on 18 May 2021, and were subject to appeal. On 8 April, it was announced at the league's Management Committee meeting that the season would start no earlier than Saturday 31 July. The league constitution was adopted on 12 June.

After the abandonment of the 2019–20 and 2020–21 seasons due to the COVID-19 pandemic in England, numerous promotions were decided on a points per game basis over the previous two seasons.

Wythenshawe Town F.C.
Wythenshawe Town Football Club is a semi-professional football club based in Wythenshawe, Manchester, England. They are currently members of the Northern Premier League Division One West and play at Ericstan Park.
Shergaon
Shergaon is a Gram Panchayat and Sub-division in West Kameng district, Arunachal Pradesh, India. A total of 7 villages comes under Shergaon Gram Panchayat; including Demachang, Jigaon, Mushaksing, Rowta, Shergaon, Tenzingaon, Yokmupam. As per 2011 Census of India, Shergaon sub-division has a population of 3,077 people including 1,628 males and 1,449 females.

Shergaon is a high altitude area. The major population of the area is from Sherdukpen tribe.

West Kameng district
West Kameng district (pronounced ˈkæmɛŋ) is a district of Arunachal Pradesh in northeastern India. It accounts for 8.86% of the total area of the state.  The name is derived from the Kameng river, a tributary of the Brahmaputra, that flows through the district.
Shaykh Abd al-Rahman al-Marwani al-Dimashqi
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad al-Marwānī al-Dimashqī (Arabic: عبد الرحمن محمد المرواني الدمشقي; fl. 1910–1930) was a Syrian Hanafi jurist, preacher, and waqf administrator associated with the Umayyad Mosque of Damascus.  A member of the locally prominent Al-Marwani family, descended from the Umayyads through Marwan I, he was active during the late Ottoman and early Mandate periods.  Contemporary court registers and biographical records describe him as one of the hereditary custodians of the Umayyad Mosque and an administrator of several family endowments (awqāf) in Damascus.

State of Syria
The State of Syria (French: État de Syrie, Arabic: دولة سوريا Dawlat Sūriyā) was a French Mandate state created by decree of 5 December 1924, with effect from 1 January 1925, from the union of the State of Aleppo and the State of Damascus. It was the successor of the Syrian Federation (1922–1924) which had been created by providing a central assembly for the State of Aleppo, the State of Damascus and the Alawite State. The Alawite State did not join the State of Syria.
Skunk (community)
Skunk was a Swedish social networking community website founded in 1998. It was one of the pioneers in the field, and the largest community website in Sweden in 2000, mostly popular with teenagers. It was subsequently overtaken by competitors such as Lunarstorm and Playahead. Skunk became part of Spray Network.

In June 2010 Spray Network announced that they had decided to shut down the site and it closed on 30 June 2010.

Spray Network
Spray Network AB is a Swedish Internet company that runs the web portal spray.se. Spray was founded in 1995, was bought by Lycos Europe, but was sold to Allers in 2006. As of 2006 spray.se has about 750 000 visitors per week.

In 2004 Spray bought the Swedish Internet service business from Tiscali. The telecom subsidiary, Spray Telekom was later sold to Glocalnet in 2007.

It is the owner of Spray Date.