hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dimitrie Brândză
Dimitrie Brândză (Romanian pronunciation: [diˈmitri.e ˈbrɨnzə]; October 22, 1846–August 15, 1895) was a Romanian botanist. He founded the Botanical Garden of Bucharest, which is now named in his honor.

Brândză was born in Viișoara, Botoșani County. After studying at the Academia Mihăileană in Iași, he earned a Ph.D. from the University of Paris in 1869. He was a professor at the University of Iași and the University of Bucharest. In 1879 he was elected titular member of the Romanian Academy.

He died in Slănic-Moldova and was buried at Bellu Cemetery, in Bucharest.

Academia Mihăileană
Academia Mihăileană was an institution of higher learning based in Iași, Moldavia, and active in the first part of the 19th century. Like other Eastern European institutions of its kind, it was both a high school and a higher learning institute, housing several faculties. Academia Mihăileană was the predecessor of the Iași National College and the University of Iași.
Fallen Angels (2008 film)
Fallen Angels (Norwegian: Varg Veum: Falne engler) is a 2008 Norwegian film directed by Morten Tyldum. It was nominated for numerous Amanda Awards in 2008. It is the fourth film in the Varg Veum series.

Amanda Award
The Amanda Award (Norwegian: Amandaprisen) is an award given annually at the Norwegian International Film Festival in Haugesund, Norway, to promote and improve Norwegian film. The award originated in 1985, and has since 2005 been exclusively a film award (not television). Winners are awarded a trophy by the Norwegian sculptor Kristian Kvakland, and the name—and theme—of the sculpture comes from a legendary local woman from the 1920s. The award ceremony is marked every year by a major, nationally televised event.
Dark Side (R5 song)
"Dark Side" is a song by American pop rock band R5. It was released on February 1, 2016 as the fifth and final single from Sometime Last Night. It was written by Ross Lynch, Riker Lynch, Rocky Lynch, Brigitte Guitart and Ellington Ratliff, and produced by Rocky Lynch and Matt Wallace.

R5 (band)
R5 was an American pop rock band formed in Los Angeles in 2009.
The band consisted of Ross Lynch (vocals/rhythm guitar), Riker Lynch (bass guitar/vocals), Rocky Lynch (lead guitar/vocals), Rydel Lynch (keyboards/vocals), and Ellington Ratliff (drums/vocals). They released their first EP Ready Set Rock on March 9, 2010, but it was removed once Ross got his role on the Disney Channel show Austin and Ally. They then released the EP Loud on February 19, 2013. Since releasing their debut album, Louder, on September 24, 2013, which peaked at 24 on the Billboard 200, followed by their world tour. Their second album, Sometime Last Night, was released on July 10, 2015, and debuted at 6 on the US Billboard 200, and reached the top 20 in five other countries. They have also released five EPs, eleven singles, and a documentary. In 2018, the band ended and Ross and Rocky formed the duo The Driver Era.
Miran Božovič
Miran Božovič (born August 12, 1957) is a Slovenian philosopher and psychoanalyst, associated with the Ljubljana school of psychoanalysis.

Božovič was born in Ljubljana. He holds a degree in comparative literature and philosophy from the University of Ljubljana, and a PhD in philosophy. He teaches early modern philosophy at the Faculty of Arts of the University of Ljubljana.

Božovič has written on several controversial subjects, including Bentham's concept of panopticon, the conceptualizations of the body in early modern philosophy, and the influence of traditional exorcist notions on Descartes' philosophy.

Early modern philosophy
Early modern philosophy (also classical modern philosophy) was a period in the history of philosophy that overlaps with the beginning of the period known as modern philosophy. It succeeded the medieval era of philosophy. Early modern philosophy is usually thought to have occurred between the 16th and 18th centuries, though some philosophers and historians may put this period slightly earlier. During this time, influential philosophers included Descartes, Locke, Hume, and Kant, all of whom contributed to the current understanding of philosophy.
Bygdanytt
Bygdanytt is a Norwegian newspaper, published in Indre Arna in Bergen Municipality, and covering the borough of Arna (in Bergen Municipality) and Osterøy Municipality. The newspaper was founded in 1951, and its first editor was Sigurd Mjeldheim. The newspaper is issued twice a week. It had a circulation of 4,587 in 2008. Its editor is Hallvard Tysse.

In 2012, Bygdanytt was awarded the prize of best local newspaper at European Newspaper Award.

Arna, Bergen
Arna is a borough in the city of Bergen in Vestland county, Norway.  It is one of eight boroughs in Bergen.  It encompasses the northeastern part of Bergen Municipality. The old Arna Municipality was merged into the city of Bergen in 1972 and since then it has been a borough within the city-municipality. The main population centres in the borough are the villages of Indre Arna, Ytre Arna, and Espeland.
Babcock Memorial Park
Babcock Memorial Park, also called Babcock Wayside, is a highway rest area and public boat launch on the Mississippi River in Elk River, Minnesota at the intersection of U.S. 10 and Route 169. Its name honors Highway Commissioner Charles Merritt Babcock, who was from the area and is regarded as the originator of the modern Minnesota State Highway System. The state owns it but has turned maintenance over to the city.

The park was built by the National Youth Administration in 1938 and 1939 and preserves two fieldstone council rings, a stone picnic table, and a hand-operated pump from that era. A geological marker, modern toilets, and other amenities were added later. It contains about 16 acres (6.5 ha), but it was considerably larger before the adjacent highways were expanded with cloverleaf interchanges.

Cloverleaf interchange
A cloverleaf interchange is a two-level interchange in which all turns are handled by slip roads. To go left (in right-hand traffic; reverse directions in left-driving regions), vehicles first continue as one road passes over or under the other, then exit right onto a one-way three-quarter loop ramp (270°) and merge onto the intersecting road. The objective of a cloverleaf is to allow two highways to cross without the need for any traffic to be stopped by traffic lights. The limiting factor in the capacity of a cloverleaf interchange is traffic weaving.
Jim Mills (rugby)
Jim Mills (born 24 September 1944) is a Welsh former rugby union, and professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. A Wales and Great Britain international representative prop, "Big Jim" as he was known, played club rugby in England with Halifax, Salford, Bradford Northern, Widnes (two spells) (with whom he won two Challenge Cups) and Workington Town, and also in Australia for North Sydney. He is the father of former Widnes forward David Mills.

1978–79 Northern Rugby Football League season
The 1978–79 Northern Rugby Football League season was the 84th season of rugby league football. Sixteen English clubs competed for the Northern Rugby Football League's first division championship, with Hull Kingston Rovers claiming the title by finishing on top of the League.
Tracy Hayworth
Tracy Keith Hayworth (born December 18, 1967) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Detroit Lions in the seventh round of the 1990 NFL draft with the 174th overall pick. He played college football for the Tennessee Volunteers. He played high school for the Franklin County High School Rebels, as a running back, class of 1985.
On March 15, 2023, Tracy Hayworth was named the new head football coach at his alma mater, Franklin County High School in Winchester, Tennessee.

1990 NFL draft
The 1990 NFL draft was the procedure by which National Football League teams selected amateur college football players. It is officially known as the NFL Annual Player Selection Meeting. The draft was held April 22–23, 1990, at the Marriott Marquis in New York City, New York. The league also held a supplemental draft after the regular draft and before the regular season.

The Dallas Cowboys would have had the first overall pick in the draft for the second consecutive year by virtue of their league-worst 1–15 record in 1989. However, the Cowboys forfeited their first-round pick by selecting quarterback Steve Walsh in the first round of the previous year's supplemental draft. The first pick instead went to the Atlanta Falcons, who traded it to the Indianapolis Colts. The Colts then used the first overall pick to select quarterback Jeff George.
Androstanediol glucuronide
3α-Androstanediol glucuronide (3α-ADG) is a metabolite formed from human androgens; compounds involved in the development and maintenance of sexual characteristics. It is formed by the glucuronidation of dihydrotestosterone, and has been proposed as means of measuring androgenic activity.

In women the adrenal steroids, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone are the major precursors of plasma 3α-ADG, accounting for almost the totality of circulating 3α-ADG. Levels of 3α-ADG decrease significantly with age.

3α-ADG is used as a marker of target tissue cellular action. 3α-ADG correlates with level of 5α-reductase activity (testosterone and 3α-androstanediol to dihydrotestosterone) in the skin. Concentrations of 3α-ADG are associated with the level of cutaneous androgen metabolism.

5α-Reductase
5α-Reductases, also known as 3-oxo-5α-steroid 4-dehydrogenases, are enzymes involved in steroid metabolism. They participate in three metabolic pathways: bile acid biosynthesis, androgen and estrogen metabolism.  There are three isozymes of 5α-reductase encoded by the genes SRD5A1, SRD5A2, and SRD5A3.

5α-Reductases catalyze the following generalized chemical reaction:

a 3-oxo-5α-steroid + acceptor ⇌ a 3-oxo-Δ4-steroid + reduced acceptor

Where a 3-oxo-5α-steroid and acceptor are substrates, and a corresponding 3-oxo-Δ4-steroid and the reduced acceptor are products. An instance of this generalized reaction that 5α-reductase type 2 catalyzes is:

where dihydrotestosterone is the 3-oxo-5α-steroid, NADP+ is the acceptor and testosterone is the 3-oxo-Δ4-steroid and NADPH the reduced acceptor.
2020 Italian Athletics Championships
The 2020 Italian Athletics Championships are the 110th edition of the Italian Athletics Championships and took place in Padua — instead of La Spezia as initially scheduled before the COVID-19 pandemic.

10 running events are held later 17–18 October 2020, in Campo Scuola Atletica, Modena, for all the long-distance events (1500m and more, walking races), with the 10km (track) previously in Vittorio Veneto.

The only National Record set during these Championships was the Italian Junior record by Rachele Mori (born 2003) with 65.03 m, second at Hammer Throw, but the Championships Record of 21.99 m by Leonardo Fabbri was considered as the best mark of all the first phase.

The best performance of the second phase, called Festa dell’Endurance in Modena, was the National Best on 10 km walk (road) by Antonella Palmisano.

La Spezia
La Spezia is a city and municipality at the head of the Gulf of La Spezia in the eastern part of the region of Liguria in Italy, the capital of the Province of La Spezia. With a population of 92,711, it is the 2nd-largest municipality in Liguria and the 52-largest in Italy.

La Spezia is the second-largest city in the Liguria region, after Genoa. Located roughly midway between Genoa and Pisa, on the Ligurian Sea, it is one of the main Italian military and commercial harbours and a major Italian Navy base. A popular seaside resort, it is also a significant railway junction, and is notable for its museums, for the Palio del Golfo rowing race, and for railway and boat links with the Cinque Terre.
Shukul Bazar
Shukul Bazar, also called Bazar Shukul or more rarely Mawaiya-Rahmatgarh, is a town and community development block in Musafirkhana tehsil of Sultanpur district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located on the road from Inhauna to Rudauli.

At the turn of the 20th century, Shukul Bazar was described as the only real town in the otherwise mostly rural tehsil of Musafirkhana. It had an important market and was the headquarters of a police thana which, despite its small jurisdiction, was very busy due to a lot of unrest in the area. It also had a post office and one of the largest schools in the tehsil.

The market at Shukul Bazar is held on Wednesdays and Sundays and mostly deals in cloth. As of 1961, it had an average attendance of around 500 people. At that point, the town also had a government-run dispensary with 2 beds for males and 2 for females, and it had a police force consisting of 1 sub-inspector, 1 head constable, and 12 constables.

Inhauna
Inhauna is a village in the Singhpur block of Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. As of 2011, it has a population of 13,049 in 2,021 households.

Located at the junction of the Raebareli-Rudauli and Lucknow-Jaunpur roads, Inhauna is an old town that once served as the seat of a pargana and briefly as a tehsil. It has the ruins of an old fort built under the Nawabs of Awadh.

The old marketplace, known as Ratanganj, was built in 1863 by the tahsildar Ratan Narain. Markets are held twice a week, on Mondays and Thursdays, with most of the trade focused on livestock.
Fellipe Bertoldo
Fellipe Bertoldo dos Santos (born 5 January 1991) is a Brazilian former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

He formerly played for Mitra Kukar in the Indonesia Soccer Championship. In January 2016 he signed a one-year contract with the Iranian team Esteghlal Khuzestan F.C.

Despite having no links with East Timor, he had been naturalised and played for the country's national team between 2014 and 2015. On 19 January 2017, the Asian Football Confederation declared Bertoldo and eleven other Brazilian men's footballers ineligible to represent East Timor. Two months later, the East Timorese passport he had received has been declared ‘null and void’ by the Ministry of Justice of East Timor.

PS Mitra Kukar
Persatuan Sepakbola Mitra Kutai Kartanegara (simply known as a PS Mitra Kukar) is an Indonesian professional football club based in Tenggarong, Kutai Kartanegara, East Kalimantan. They currently compete in the Liga 4.
Keith Reid (rugby union)
Keith Howard Reid (25 May 1904 — 24 May 1972) was a New Zealand international rugby union player.

Born in Clareville, Reid was capped twice by the All Blacks as a hooker on their 1929 tour of Australia. He played the 1st Test at the Sydney Sports Ground and the 3rd Test at the Sydney Cricket Ground, partnering Anthony Cottrell up front.

Reid won his All Blacks selection from Carterton and also played club rugby with Petone.

A Wairarapa stalwart, Reid was in the side that claimed the Ranfurly Shield for the first time in 1927, ending the five-year reign of Hawke's Bay, then served as the union's president through the 1950s.

1929 New Zealand rugby union tour of Australia
The 1929 New Zealand rugby tour to New South Wales was the 14th tour by the New Zealand national rugby union team to Australia.

For the first time since the First World War, Australia could present a real and official national team, after the activity of Rugby Union was suspended during the war and reprised only in New South Wales (many players switched to Rugby league especially in Queensland).

Australia won the 3 match Test series 3–0.
Steel Mill
Steel Mill was an early Bruce Springsteen band. Other members of the band included three future members of the E Street Band,  Vini Lopez, Danny Federici, and Steve Van Zandt. As well as playing on the Jersey Shore, Steel Mill also played regularly in Richmond, Virginia and played gigs in California and a festival in Nashville, Tennessee. They opened for acts such as Chicago, Boz Scaggs, Grand Funk Railroad, Roy Orbison, Ike & Tina Turner, and Black Sabbath. Since 2004 Vini Lopez has led Steel Mill Retro which has performed and recorded original Springsteen songs from the Steel Mill era.

Garry Tallent
Garry Wayne Tallent (born October 27, 1949), sometimes billed as Garry W. Tallent, is an American musician and record producer, best known for being the bass player and 
a founding member of the E Street Band, Bruce Springsteen's primary backing band since 1972. As of 2025, Tallent is the only remaining original member of the E Street Band besides Springsteen.

He was inducted in 2014 as a member of the E Street Band into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
Frédéric Bamvuginyumvira
Frédéric Bamvuginyumvira (born 24 June 1961) is the former first Vice-President of Burundi from 11 June 1998 to 1 November 2001. He is a member of the Hutu ethnic group.

Running as a candidate for the Front for Democracy in Burundi (FRODEBU) in the 29 June 1993 legislative elections, he won a seat representing Kirundo province.

On 11 June 1998, he was appointed 1st Vice-President (responsible for political and administrative affairs), by Interim President Pierre Buyoya. He held that post until a new power-sharing government was installed on 1 November 2001.

On 6 December 2013, he was arrested while driving in the streets of Bujumbura and accused of giving money to the police officers who arrested him. This landed him in jail despite that the government dropped all the original charges.

Front for Democracy in Burundi
The Front for Democracy in Burundi (French: Front pour la Démocratie au Burundi, FRODEBU) is a democratic socialist political party in Burundi. In Burundi's ethnically divided political landscape, the FRODEBU is officially a multi-ethnic organization, despite being dominated by the Hutu ethnic group.
Đinh Xuân Tửu
Đinh Xuân Tửu (2 February 1925 – 5 November 1996) was a Vietnamese writer and poet (pen-names: Văn Lâm, Kỳ Phong, Thành Lễ, Tô Huyền An). He was born in Hà Tĩnh Province, Vietnam. He was a poet loved by children, one of the founders of the Kim Đồng Publishing House, and a member of the Vietnam Writers' Association (1957).

Alliance of Arts and Literature Associations of Vietnam
The Alliance of Arts and Literature Associations of Vietnam (Liên hiệp các Hội Văn học nghệ thuật Việt Nam) is the senior official body representing all the culture associations in Vietnam. It was founded 1957-1958 as the bodies beneath it were also founded.
Boat-billed flycatcher
The boat-billed flycatcher (Megarynchus pitangua) is a large member of the family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers. It is found in Mexico, in every Central American country, on Trinidad, and in every mainland South American country though only as a vagrant in Chile.

Vagrancy (biology)
Vagrancy is a phenomenon in biology whereby an individual animal (usually a bird) appears well outside its normal range; they are known as vagrants. The term accidental is sometimes also used. There are a number of poorly understood factors which might cause an animal to become a vagrant, including internal causes such as navigation errors (endogenous vagrancy)  and external causes such as severe weather (exogenous vagrancy). Vagrancy events may lead to colonisation and eventually to speciation.
Diagrammatic reasoning
Diagrammatic reasoning is reasoning by means of visual representations. The study of diagrammatic reasoning is about the understanding of concepts and ideas, visualized with the use of diagrams and imagery instead of by linguistic or algebraic means.

Formal system
A formal system (or deductive system) is an abstract structure and formalization of an axiomatic system used for deducing, using rules of inference, theorems from axioms.

In 1921, David Hilbert proposed to use formal systems as the foundation of knowledge in mathematics.
However, in 1931 Kurt Gödel proved that any consistent formal system sufficiently powerful to express basic arithmetic cannot prove its own completeness. This effectively showed that Hilbert's program was impossible as stated.

The term formalism is sometimes a rough synonym for formal system, but it also refers to a given style of notation, for example, Paul Dirac's bra–ket notation.
Stephen Cloud
Stephen R. Cloud (born March 11, 1949) is an American politician who served as a Republican member of the Kansas House of Representatives from 1981 to 1986. He represented the 30th District and lived in Shawnee Mission, Kansas.

Kansas House of Representatives
The Kansas House of Representatives is the lower house of the legislature of the U.S. state of Kansas. Composed of 125 state representatives from districts with roughly equal populations of at least 19,000, its members are responsible for crafting and voting on legislation, helping to create a state budget, and legislative oversight over state agencies. Representatives are elected to two-year terms. The Kansas House of Representatives does not have term limits. The legislative session convenes at the Kansas State Capitol in Topeka annually.
National Society of Taiwan Studies
The National Society of Taiwan Studies (NSTS) is a non-governmental academic organization in the People's Republic of China composed of scholars, related personnel, and groups engaged in research on Taiwan and cross-strait relations. Its current address is on the fourth floor of Building B, Tsinghua Tongfang Building, Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing.

Haidian, Beijing
Haidian (Chinese: 海淀区; pinyin: Hǎidiàn Qū) is a northwest urban district of Beijing, bordering Xicheng and Fengtai.

It is 431 km2 (166 sq mi) in area, making it the second-largest district in urban Beijing area (after Chaoyang), and is home to 3,133,469 inhabitants as of November 2020. According to the latest 2025 census data, the population of Haidian District is 3.122 million.
Niel Otto
Niel Otto (born 9 May 1997) is a South African rugby union player for the Pumas in the Currie Cup. His regular position is flanker.

Otto was named in the Western Province squad for the 2021 Currie Cup Premier Division. He made his debut for Western Province in Round 1 of the 2021 Currie Cup Premier Division against Blue Bulls.

Pumas (Currie Cup)
The Pumas are a South African professional rugby union team that competes in the Premier Division of the Currie Cup. The team draws their players from Mpumalanga Province (formerly known as the South Eastern Transvaal) and plays at the Mbombela Stadium in Mbombela, having previously also played at the Puma Stadium in Witbank.

The Pumas are a well supported team throughout Mpumalanga Province, with large fan bases located in Witbank, Middelburg, Ermelo and Mbombela.
Bhutto family
The Bhutto family is a  Pakistani political family of Sindhi background, belonging to the Bhutto clan. The Bhuttos have played a prominent role in Pakistani politics and government. The Bhuttos have been settled in Sindh for over three centuries and have held the leadership of the Pakistan People's Party since its inception in 1967.

Two members of the family, Zulfikar and Benazir Bhutto, have been the Prime Ministers of Pakistan, whereas Asif Ali Zardari, Benazir's widower, has been the President of Pakistan twice, from 2008 to 2013 and from 2024 to present.

Junagadh State
The State of Junagadh or Junagarh was a princely state located in Gujarat. It had been ruled by the Muslim Babi dynasty since 1654, first by Nawab of Junagadh within the Maratha Confederacy and later by British India. which, after the partition of British India, acceded to the Dominion of Pakistan. Subsequently, the Union of India annexed Junagadh in 1948, legitimized through a plebiscite held the same year. Pakistan claims sovereignty over the erstwhile princely state to this day.