hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rail transport in Central America
Rail transport in Central America consists of several isolated railroad lines with freight or passenger service. The most famous one is the Panama Canal Railway, the oldest transcontinental railroad in the world, connecting Panama City with Colón since 1855. Other railroads in Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama were built by private and public investors mainly to facilitate the transport of local agricultural produce (bananas, coconuts, coffee) to export markets and harbors. Their market share and profitability went into decline in the second half of the twentieth century and most lines have been decommissioned by the end of the 1990s. As of 2018, railroads operate locally in Honduras, Costa Rica and Panama only; all rail transport has been suspended in Belize, El Salvador, Guatemala and Nicaragua. The railways still operating do not cross national borders.

3 ft 6 in gauge railways
Railways with a track gauge of 3 feet 6 inches (1,067 mm) were first constructed as horse-drawn wagonways. The first intercity passenger railway to use the 3 ft 6 in gauge was constructed in Norway by Carl Abraham Pihl. From the mid-nineteenth century, the gauge became widespread in the British Empire. In Africa it became known as the Cape gauge as it was adopted as the standard gauge for the Cape Government Railways in 1873, even though it had already been established in Australia and New Zealand before that. It was adopted as a standard in New Zealand, South Africa, Indonesia, Japan, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Queensland (which has the second largest narrow gauge network in the world) in Australia.

There are approximately 112,000 kilometres (70,000 mi) of 1,067 mm gauge track in the world, which are classified as narrow-gauge railways.
Elizabeth Murray (artist)
Elizabeth Murray (September 6, 1940 – August 12, 2007) was an American painter, printmaker and draughtsman. Her works are in many major public collections, including those of the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, the Pérez Art Museum Miami, the Museum of Modern Art, the Whitney Museum of American Art, the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, the Art Institute of Chicago, the Carnegie Museum of Art, and the Wadsworth Atheneum. Murray was known for her use of shaped canvases.

Carnegie Museum of Art
The Carnegie Museum of Art is an art museum in the Oakland neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. The museum was originally known as the Department of Fine Arts, Carnegie Institute and was located at what became the Main Branch of the Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh. The museum's first gallery was opened for public viewing on November 5, 1895. Over the years, the gallery vastly increased in size, with a new building on Forbes Avenue built in 1907. In 1963, the name was officially changed to Museum of Art, Carnegie Institute. The size of the gallery has tripled over time, and it was officially renamed in 1986 to "Carnegie Museum of Art" to indicate it clearly as one of the four Carnegie Museums.
Counter (typography)
In typography, a counter is the area of a letter that is entirely or partially enclosed by a letter form or a symbol (the counter-space/the hole of). The stroke that creates such a space is known as a "bowl". Latin letters containing closed counters include A, B, D, O, P, Q, R, a, b, d, e, g, o, p, and q. Latin letters containing open counters include c, f, h, s etc. The digits 0, 4, 6, 8, and 9 also have counters. An aperture is the opening between an open counter and the outside of the letter.

F
F, or f, is the sixth letter of the Latin alphabet and many modern alphabets influenced by it, including the modern English alphabet and the alphabets of all other modern western European languages. Its name in English is ef (pronounced /ˈɛf/ ⓘ), and the plural is efs.
Political general
A political general is a general officer or other military leader without significant military experience who is given a high position in command for political reasons, through political connections, or to appease certain political blocs and factions.

In the United States, this concept was demonstrated by commissions and appointments during the American Civil War, in both the Union and the Confederacy.

Army of Northern Virginia
The Army of Northern Virginia was a field army of the Confederate States Army in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War. It was also the primary command structure of the Department of Northern Virginia. It was most often arrayed against the Union's Army of the Potomac.
Rowland Prichard
Rowland Huw Prichard (alt Rowland Hugh Pritchard) (14 January 1811 – 25 January 1887) was a Welsh musician.  A native of Graienyn, near Bala, he lived most of his life in the area, serving for a time as a loom tender's assistant in Holywell, where he died.  In 1844 Prichard published Cyfaill y Cantorion (The Singer's Friend), a song book intended for children.

Prichard is remembered today as the composer of the hymn tune "Hyfrydol", to which the hymn "Alleluia! Sing to Jesus", with words by William Chatterton Dix is generally sung.

He is buried at Saint Peters Church, Holywell, Flintshire.

Bala, Gwynedd
Bala (Welsh: Y Bala) is a town and community in Gwynedd, Wales. Formerly an urban district, Bala lies in the historic county of Merionethshire, at the north end of Llyn Tegid. According to the 2021 census, Bala had a population of 1,999 and 72.5 per cent of the population could speak Welsh.
1983 Palestine Cup of Nations for Youth
The 1983 Palestine Cup of Nations for Youth was the first edition of the Arab Cup U-20, it was held in Casablanca, Morocco. The tournament concerned youth teams of the Arab world. Iraq won this first edition beating Saudi Arabia in the final.

Iraq national under-20 football team
The Iraq national under-20 football team represents Iraq in international football competitions in AFC U-20 Asian Cup which Iraq holds 5 titles, as well as any other international football tournaments. The team is controlled by the governing body for football in Iraq, Iraq Football Association (IFA).

The team has qualified five times for the FIFA U-20 World Cup, reaching fourth place in 2013.

Iraq U-20 have been awarded the AFC National Team of the Year award once in 2013, being the only U-20 team to win this award.
Södermanland Runic Inscription 245
Södermanland Runic Inscription 245 or Sö 245 is the Rundata catalog number for a Viking Age runestone fragment that is located in Tungelsta, which is about two kilometers west of Västerhaninge, Stockholm County, Sweden, which was in the historic province of Södermanland.

Scandinavian Runic-text Database
The Scandinavian Runic-text Database (Swedish: Samnordisk runtextdatabas) is a project involving the creation and maintenance of a database of transliterated runic inscriptions. The project's goal is to comprehensively catalog runestones in a machine-readable way for future research. The database is freely available via the Internet with a client program, called Rundata, for Microsoft Windows. For other operating systems, text files are provided or a web browser can be used to interact with the web application Runor.
Tadeusz Obłój
Tadeusz Jan Obłój (born August 29, 1950) is a former Polish ice hockey player. He played for the Poland men's national ice hockey team at the 1972 Winter Olympics in Sapporo, the 1976 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck, and the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid.

1972 Winter Olympics
The 1972 Winter Olympics, officially the XI Olympic Winter Games and commonly known as Sapporo 1972, were a winter multi-sport event held from February 3 to 13, 1972, in Sapporo, Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan. It was the first Winter Olympic Games to take place outside Europe and North America.
Liberia Basketball Association
The Liberia Basketball Association (LBA) is a men's professional basketball league in Liberia. The is divided up into three divisions, with the First Division being the top league in the country.

The champions of the First Division are eligible to play in the qualifying rounds of the Basketball Africa League (BAL).

Road to BAL
The Road to BAL, also known as the BAL Qualifying Tournaments, are the qualifying tournaments of the Basketball Africa League (BAL). While the main tournament is co-organised by FIBA and the NBA, the organization of the qualifiers is completely done by FIBA. The first qualifying rounds began on 16 October 2019 during the 2021 BAL qualification.

The qualifiers are geographically divided into the West and East Division, with three teams qualifying out of each division. Semi-finals and finals are played to determine the winners of the qualifying tournaments.
Edema Fuludu
Edema Godmin Fuludu (born 8 May 1970) is a Nigerian former footballer who played as a midfielder. He played club football for New Nigerian Bank, BCC Lions and Julius Berger in Nigeria and Altay in Turkey, and played internationally for the Nigeria national team. He was part of Nigeria's squad for the 1994 African Cup of Nations. Fuludu has served as head coach of Warri Wolves.

Bridge F.C.
Bridge Football Club is a Nigerian football club based in Lagos that was founded in 1976. As a result of its association with the Julius Berger construction company, the club was known as Julius Berger Football Club until 2010. The club has won national championships and competed internationally. Players such as Odion Ighalo, David Adekola, Yakubu, Taribo West, Sunday Oliseh, Samson Siasia, Emmanuel Amuneke, Rashidi Yekini, Garba Lawal, and Mutiu Adepoju have played for the club.
Different (Thomas Anders album)
Different is the debut solo album by German singer Thomas Anders, who first attained success as the lead vocalist for Modern Talking in the mid-1980s. It was released in August 1989 by Teldec Records. The album was recorded in London at Alan Parsons' studio and was produced by Gus Dudgeon (Elton John) & Alan Tarney (a-ha). It features a cover of Chris Rea's Fool (If You Think It's Over). The album was re-released in 1991 by East West Records on CD.

Although the album's lead single, "Love of My Own", managed to peak at No. 24 in Germany, the album, including two more singles, "One Thing" and "Soldier", did not chart.

Peter Ries
Peter Ries (also known as Marc Cassandra, Gilbert or Steve Hall) is a German record producer, composer, arranger and remixer.

Ries started his career as a singer in 1980 under the nickname Gilbert. Following collaborations with Sandra and Sally Oldfield, he produced singles with 'N Sync, Kylie Minogue, Love Inc., Eros Ramazzotti, No Angels, Bro'Sis, Joana Zimmer, Thomas Anders, Xavier Naidoo, Kool & the Gang, Mr. President, Enigma and several DSDS candidates including Juliette Schoppmann and Mike Leon Grosch.
Haji Muhammad Sidik Airport
Haji Muhammad Sidik Airport (IATA: HMS, ICAO: WAGB) is an airport located at Trinsing, South Teweh, North Barito Regency, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. The airport was inaugurated by Vice President Ma'ruf Amin and Minister of Transportation Budi Karya Sumadi on 30 March 2021.

Ministry of Transportation (Indonesia)
The Ministry of Transportation (Indonesian: Kementerian Perhubungan), formerly the Department of Transportation (Indonesian: Departemen Perhubungan) is a government ministry responsible for the governance and regulation of transportation in Indonesia.  The Ministry is located in Jakarta.
S Rahul
S Rahul (born in Kattakada, Trivandrum, Kerala) is a poet and writer in Malayalam. His poems and articles have been published in many periodicals. He has also translated many poems and literary works. He is an active social activist and orator.  He is currently the District Secretary of cultural organization Purogamana Kala Sahitya Sangham. He was the Executive Editor of Festival Handbook and Daily Bulletin at International Film Festival of Kerala(IFFK).

Purogamana Kala Sahitya Sangham
Purogamana Kala Sahitya Sangham (Progressive Arts & Literary Organisation), also known as the PuKaSa, is an organization of artists, writers, and art and literature enthusiasts based in Kerala. The association was formed on August 14, 1981, under the leadership of Malayalam poet Vyloppilli Sreedhara Menon.
Reflections (Debby Boone album)
Reflections is a retrospective by Debby Boone that collects songs from the four Christian music albums she recorded in the 1980s, released in 1989.

While this was a compilation album, it still charted at #33 on the Top Contemporary Christian charts.

The album was available in LP, CD and cassette formats via Lamb & Lion Records.

Retrospective
A retrospective (from Latin retrospectare, "look back"), generally, is a look back at events that took place, or works that were produced, in the past. As a noun, retrospective has specific meanings in software development, popular culture, and the arts. It is applied as an adjective, synonymous with the term retroactive, to laws, standards, and awards.
The Confessions Tour (Mimi Webb)
The Confessions Tour was the second concert tour by English singer-songwriter Mimi Webb, staged in support of her second studio album, Confessions. The tour visited cities across Europe and consisted of 12 shows. It began on 29 September 2023 at the Melkweg in Amsterdam, Netherlands, and concluded on 16 October 2023 at the Manchester Academy in Manchester, England.

The tour was officially announced on 12 June 2025 via Webb’s Instagram account, accompanied by promotional artwork and ticketing details. Despite the later announcement date, the performances themselves took place in late 2023 as part of the album’s initial promotional cycle.

Manchester Academy
The Manchester Academy, originally known as the University of Manchester Main Hall, is composed of four concert venues, located on the campus of the University of Manchester, in Manchester, England. The four venues are: Academy 1, 2 and 3 and Club Academy. Utilised by the Students' Union, the venues are housed in two buildings, the original Students' Union built in 1957 and the academy, built in 1990. In 2004, after the merging of the universities, the venues carried the "Academy" moniker. Unlike other music venues named "Academy" in the UK, Manchester Academy is not owned or managed by the Academy Music Group.
Fred Hedrick
Robert Alfred "Fred" Hedrick (August 23, 1922 - July 18, 2009) was an American jurist who served for 24 years on the North Carolina Court of Appeals.

Blinded at the age of 13, Hedrick graduated from the Governor Morehead School for the blind in 1943. He later graduated from the University of North Carolina School of Law and served as a prosecutor and judge in Iredell County, North Carolina. In 1969, then-governor Bob Scott appointed Hedrick to the state appeals court. He was elected by the voters in 1970 and re-elected several times thereafter. In 1974, he ran for the state supreme court but lost to James G. Exum of the Democratic primary. Hedrick served as chief judge of the Court of Appeals from 1984 until his retirement in 1993.

Hedrick's first female law clerk was Linda Stephens, who later became a judge of the North Carolina Court of Appeals. He also gave her away at her wedding, which was held in Hedrick's chambers.

North Carolina Court of Appeals
The North Carolina Court of Appeals (in case citation, N.C. Ct. App.) is the only intermediate appellate court in the state of North Carolina. It is composed of fifteen members who sit in rotating panels of three. The Court of Appeals was created by the North Carolina General Assembly in 1967 after voters approved a constitutional amendment in 1965 which "authorized the creation of an intermediate court of appeals to relieve pressure on the North Carolina Supreme Court."

Judges serve eight-year terms and are elected in statewide elections. The General Assembly made Court of Appeals elections non-partisan starting with the 2004 elections, but later made them partisan again after the 2016 elections.
ALCO RSD-5
The ALCO RSD-5 is a diesel-electric locomotive rated at 1,600 horsepower (1.2 MW), that rode on a pair of three-axle trucks, having a C-C wheel arrangement.

Basically an upgraded version of the earlier ALCO RSD-4, and used in much the same manner as its four-axle counterpart, the ALCO RS-3, the six-motor design allowed better tractive effort at lower speeds.

Bogie
A bogie (/ˈboʊɡi/ BOH-ghee) (or truck in North American English) comprises two or more wheelsets (two wheels on an axle), in a frame, attached under a vehicle by a pivot. Bogies take various forms in various modes of transport. A bogie may remain normally attached (as on many railroad cars and semi-trailers) or be quickly detachable (as for a dolly in a road train or in railway bogie exchange). It may include suspension components within it (as most rail and trucking bogies do), or be solid and in turn be suspended (as are most bogies of tracked vehicles). It may be mounted on a swivel, as traditionally on a railway carriage or locomotive, additionally jointed and sprung (as in the landing gear of an airliner), or held in place by other means (centreless bogies).

Although bogie is the preferred spelling and first-listed variant in various dictionaries, bogey and bogy are also used.
Gebre Waddell
Gebre Waddell (born November 28, 1981) is an American entrepreneur, author, audio engineer, and software engineer from Memphis, Tennessee.

He is the chief executive officer and co-founder of Sound Credit and the author of Complete Audio Mastering:  Practical Techniques published by McGraw-Hill.  He has worked with artists including Ministry, Lil' Wayne, Rick Ross, Public Enemy and The Bar-Kays.

Bar-Kays
The Bar-Kays is an American funk band formed in 1964. The band had dozens of charting singles from the 1960s to the 1980s, including "Soul Finger" (US Billboard Hot 100 number 17, R&B number 3) in 1967, "Son of Shaft" (R&B number 10) in 1972, and "Boogie Body Land" (R&B number 7) in 1980. The Bar-Kays also served as the backing band for a variety of singers, including Isaac Hayes and Otis Redding.
Stridex
Stridex (originally spelled Stri-Dex) is an American acne treatment and prevention medicine, originally a registered trademark of Bayer Corporation. It comes in the form of fibrous pads saturated with astringents. Most products in the Stridex line contain as the active ingredient salicylic acid (0.5–2.5%); Stridex Power Pads contain benzoyl peroxide (2.5%), a nonprescription acne treatment medication. However, they also warn about possible side effects: dryness of the skin, possible burning, and tingling. In 2013, the FDA started to investigate a possible link between benzoyl peroxide- and/or salicylic acid-based acne prevention medicine with hypersensitivity and anaphylactic reactions without calling off any products or placing warnings.

Stridex was first released in 1959 by Lehn & Fink and was the first acne treatment pad which did not require a prescription for purchase. It is part of the Smithsonian's permanent collection. In 1996, it was purchased by Blistex, Inc.

Astringent
An astringent (sometimes called adstringent) is a chemical that shrinks or constricts body tissues. The word derives from the Latin adstringere, which means "to bind fast". Astringency, the dry, puckering or numbing mouthfeel caused by the tannins in unripe fruits, lets the fruit mature by deterring eating. Tannins, being a kind of polyphenol, bind salivary proteins and make them precipitate and aggregate, producing a rough, "sandpapery", or dry sensation in the mouth.

Smoking tobacco is also reported to have an astringent effect.

In a scientific study, astringency was still detectable by subjects who had local anesthesia applied to their taste nerves, but not when both these and the trigeminal nerves were disabled.
Lajos Fodor
Col. Gen. Lajos Fodor (born 27 July 1947) is a retired Hungarian military officer and diplomat, who served as the Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Hungary from 1 August 1999 to 28 February 2003.

Colonel general
Colonel general is a military rank used in some armies. It is particularly associated with Germany, where historically general officer ranks were one grade lower than in the Commonwealth and the United States, and Generaloberst was a rank above full General, but below Generalfeldmarschall. The rank of colonel general is also used in the armed forces organized along the lines of the Soviet model, where it is comparable to that of a lieutenant general.
Ian Rukunya
Ian Kajubu Rukunya (born 10 June 1988) is a Ugandan squash player. He has represented Uganda at the Commonwealth Games in 2010, 2014 and 2018. His career-high PSA singles ranking was World No. 510, which he achieved in February 2019.

Squash at the Commonwealth Games
Squash is one of the sports at the quadrennial Commonwealth Games competition. It has been held at every Games since 1998, but will not be included in the 2026 Commonwealth Games because of financial restrictions in that stripped-back edition.
Austin Walsh (hurler)
Austin Walsh (born 1977) is an Irish retired hurler who played as a midfielder for the Cork senior team.

Born in Kildorrery, County Cork, Walsh first arrived on the inter-county scene at the age of sixteen when he first linked up with the Cork minor team, before later joining the under-21 side. He joined the senior panel during the 1998 championship. Walsh won one National Hurling League medal as a non-playing substitute.

At club level Walsh enjoyed a lengthy career with Kildorrery.

1997 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship
The 1997 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship was the 34th staging of the All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1964. The championship began on 18 June 1997 and ended on 21 September 1997.

Galway entered the championship as the defending champions.

On 21 September 1997, Cork won the championship following a 3-11 to 0-13 defeat of Galway in the All-Ireland final. This was their 10th All-Ireland title overall and their first championship title since 1988.

Tipperary's Eugene O'Neill was the championship's top scorer with 5-18.
There She Goes (TV series)
There She Goes is a British comedy-drama television series created and written by Shaun Pye, and based on his own experiences with his daughter who was born with a chromosomal disorder. The show follows the life of learning-disabled Rosie Yates, along with her parents Emily and Simon, and her older brother Ben. Both series are set in Rosie's present, but the writing features frequent flashbacks to her infancy and pre-school life (around ten years previously), when her parents were gradually learning of Rosie's disability.

It was originally produced by Merman Television Ltd for BBC Four, but later moved to BBC Two for the second series. The programme received mostly positive reviews.

In January 2023, filming began for a one-off hour-long special. It was broadcast on 21 June 2023.

David Tennant
David John Tennant (né McDonald; born 18 April 1971) is a Scottish actor. He is best known for portraying the lead character in Doctor Who, headlining the show as the Tenth Doctor from 2005–2010, and returning as the Fourteenth Doctor in 2023. His other notable screen roles include portraying Barty Crouch Jr. in Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (2005), DI Alec Hardy in Broadchurch (2013–2017), Crowley in Good Omens (2019–present), and various fictionalised versions of himself in Staged (2020–2022).

Tennant has worked extensively on stage, including a portrayal of the title character in a 2008 Royal Shakespeare Company production of Hamlet that was later adapted for television. He is also a voice actor, featured in the animated series DuckTales (2017–2021) as the voice of Scrooge McDuck. In 2015, he was the recipient of the Special Recognition Award at the National Television Award.