hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Epigeal
Epigeal, epigean, epigeic and epigeous are biological terms describing an organism's activity above the soil surface.

In botany, a seed is described as showing epigeal germination when the cotyledons of the germinating seed expand, throw off the seed shell and become photosynthetic above the ground. The opposite kind, where the cotyledons remain non-photosynthetic, inside the seed shell, and below ground, is hypogeal germination.

The terms epigean, epigeic or epigeous are used for organisms that crawl (epigean), creep like a vine (epigeal), or grow (epigeous) on the soil surface: they are also used more generally for animals that neither burrow nor swim nor fly. The opposite terms are hypogean, hypogeic and hypogeous.

An epigeal nest is a term used for a termite mound, the above ground nest of a colony of termites.

Germination
Germination is the process by which an organism grows from a seed or spore. The term is applied to the sprouting of a seedling from a seed of an angiosperm or gymnosperm, the growth of a sporeling from a spore, such as the spores of fungi, ferns, bacteria, and the growth of the pollen tube from the pollen grain of a seed plant.
Mothers Heaven
Mothers Heaven is the second album from the Scottish rock band Texas. The album was released on 23 September 1991 by Mercury Records and spawned four singles – "Why Believe in You", "In My Heart", "Alone with You" and "Mothers Heaven". It largely failed to replicate the commercial success of their debut album released in 1989. Whilst it reached number thirty-two in the United Kingdom, it experienced greater commercial success in continental European markets, reaching the top twenty in Switzerland and being certified 2x Gold by the National Syndicate of Phonographic Publishing (SNEP) in France for sales in excess of 200,000 copies.

SNEP
SNEP (French: Syndicat national de l'édition phonographique, in English National Syndicate of Phonographic Publishing) is the inter-professional organisation that protects the interests of the French record industry. Originally known under the acronym SNICOP, the organisation was established in 1922 and has 48 member companies.

SNEP's responsibilities include collecting and distributing royalty payments for broadcast and performance, preventing copyright infringement of its members' works (including music piracy), and sales certification of silver, gold, platinum and diamond records and videos. SNEP also compiles weekly official charts of France's top-selling music, including singles and albums.
Kaiser Haq
Kaiser Hamidul Haq (born 7 December 1950) is a Bangladeshi translator, critic and academic. Known for his translations from Bengali into English, Haq is a recipient of Bangla Academy Literary Award (2013) in the category of translation. He is a former professor of English at the University of Dhaka.  In the liberation war of Bangladesh, he fought against Pakistani Army "as a freshly commissioned subaltern in command of a company".

Bangla Academy Literary Award
The Bangla Academy Literary Award (Bengali: বাংলা একাডেমি সাহিত্য পুরস্কার; Bangla Academy Shahitya Puroshkar) is given by the Bangla Academy of Bangladesh in recognition of creative genius in advancement and overall contribution in the field of Bengali language and literature.

It was introduced in 1960 and recognized six categories: poetry, novels, short stories, essays, children's literature and translation. Beginning in 1985, two more awards were introduced to recognize overall contributions to Bengali language and literature.

At present, the Bangla Academy award is given in three fields:

Poetry, novel, and short story

Research, essay, and science

Translation, drama, and juvenile literature
Mireya Cueto
Mireya Cueto (February 3, 1922 – April 26, 2013) was a Mexican puppeteer, writer and dramaturg. She was also co-founder of the national marionette museum Museo Nacional de Títeres (MUNATI) in Huamantla, Tlaxcala.

Puppeteer
A puppeteer is a person who manipulates an inanimate object called a puppet to create the illusion that the puppet is alive. The puppet is often shaped like a human, animal, or legendary creature. The puppeteer may be visible to or hidden from the audience.
Swami Avdheshanand Giri
Swami Avdheshanand Giri (born 1962) is an Indian Hindu spiritual guru, writer and philosopher. He is the current Acharya Mahamandaleshwar of Juna Akhara. Juna Akhara is the largest Akhara for Naga Sadhus in India. Giri has initiated about one million Naga sadhus. His Ashram is situated at Kankhal, Haridwar. He is the president of Hindu Dharm Acharya Sabha and also a board member of the World Council of Religious Leaders.

Akhara
Akhara or Akhada (Hindi: अखाड़ा, romanised: Akhāṛā) is an Indian word for a place of practice with facilities for boarding, lodging and training, both in the context of Indian martial artists or a sampradaya monastery for religious renunciates in Guru–shishya tradition. For example, in the context of the Dashanami Sampradaya sect, the word denotes both martial arts and religious monastic aspects of the trident-wielding martial regiment of the renouncing sadhus.
Umeå Jazz Festival
Umeå Jazz Festival (Swedish: Umeå Jazzfestival) is an annual jazz festival held in Umeå, Sweden. The festival comprises some 30 concerts held mainly at Umeå's folkets hus and NorrlandOpera. Both Swedish and international groups and artists perform, mainly in genres related to modern jazz and improvisation. The festival had its premier in 1968.  It is usually staged in October or early November.

People's House
People's Houses (Russian: Народный дом) were originally leisure and cultural centres built with the intention of making art and cultural appreciation available to the working classes. The first establishment of this type appeared in Tomsk, Russian Empire in 1882. Soon people's Houses became popular in England (1887, "People's Palace"), Scotland, Turkey and other European states.

The term "people's house" (e.g., folkets hus, casa del pueblo, maison du peuple, etc.) was further used in continental Europe for working-class public community centres, each of which often had associations with particular trade union organizations and political parties.
Draw a Secret
Draw a Secret (DAS) is a graphical password input scheme developed by Ian Jermyn, Alain Mayer, Fabian Monrose, Michael K. Reiter and Aviel D. Rubin and presented in a paper at the 8th USENIX Security Symposium in Augusts 1999.

The scheme replaces alphanumeric password strings with a picture drawn on a grid.  Instead of entering an alphanumeric password, this authentication method allows users to use a set of gestures drawn on a grid to authenticate. The user's drawing is mapped to a grid on which the order of coordinate pairs used to draw the password are recorded in a sequence. New coordinates are inserted to the recorded "password" sequence when the user ends one stroke (the motion of pressing down on the screen or mouse to begin drawing followed by taking the stylus or mouse off to create a line or shape) and begins another on the grid.

Alphanumericals
Alphanumeric characters or alphanumerics are characters belonging to the English alphabet or Arabic numerals. It includes both lower and uppercase characters. The complete list of alphanumeric characters in lexicographically ascending order is: 0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz.

Different alphanumeric characters have similar appearances, such as I (upper case i), l (lowercase L), and 1 (one), and O (uppercase o), Q (uppercase q) and 0 (zero). Other similarities can include 5 and S, Z and 2.
Bojana Stamenov
Bojana Stamenov (Serbian Cyrillic: Бојана Стаменов, pronounced [bǒjana staměnoʋ]; born 24 June 1986) is a Serbian singer and musician best known for performing soul, jazz and R&B music, who represented Serbia, placing 10th in the Eurovision Song Contest 2015 with the song "Beauty Never Lies".  She also participates in performances for children in the Boško Buha Theatre in Belgrade. Stamenov had her first concert on 13 June, in Sava Centar in Belgrade, while working on her debut album. The singer has announced that all the records will be in English.

Sava Centar
Sava Centar (Serbian Cyrillic: Сава центар) is an international congress, cultural and business center of various multi-functional activities located in Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. It is the largest audience hall in the country and the entire former Yugoslavia, as well as one of the biggest in Europe. It has hosted numerous large-scale events and performances.

In April 2021, the building was declared a cultural monument.
Saturday Night Live 50th Anniversary Special
"Saturday Night Live 50th Anniversary Special" (also billed as "SNL50: The Anniversary Special") is a three-hour television special to commemorate the 50th anniversary season of Saturday Night Live. It aired on February 16, 2025, on NBC and Peacock  The special was watched by nearly 15 million viewers.

Leslie Jones (comedian)
Annette Leslie Jones (born September 7, 1967) is an American stand-up comedian and actress. She was a cast member and writer for the NBC sketch comedy series Saturday Night Live from 2014 to 2019, and hosted the ABC game show Supermarket Sweep. She has also been a featured performer at the Just for Laughs festival in Montreal and the Aspen Comedy Festival. In 2010, her one-hour comedy special, Problem Child, was broadcast on Showtime. Jones starred in Ghostbusters (2016) as Patty Tolan. In 2017 and 2018, Jones was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series for her work on Saturday Night Live.
Bilsam Sky Walker
The Bilsam Sky Walker is a Polish paramotor designed and produced by Bilsam Aviation of Poznań for powered paragliding. The aircraft is supplied as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft.

The manufacturer's website is non-functional and has been so since about 2008, so it is not clear if the company is still in business.

Radne Raket 120
The Radne Raket 120 (English: Rocket) is a lightweight single cylinder, two-stroke aircraft engine used for powered hang gliders, paramotors and ultralight aircraft that is built by Radne Motor AB of Haninge, Sweden.
Menophra abruptaria
Menophra abruptaria, the waved umber, is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species was first described by Carl Peter Thunberg in 1792. It is found in south-western North Africa, southern Europe and Anatolia; in the north, it is found from England to Switzerland, south-western Germany, Bangladesh .
The wingspan is 36–42 mm. Adults are on wing from April to June. Normally, there is one generation per year, although there can be a partial second generation in summer.

The larvae feed on Ligustrum ovalifolium and Syringa vulgaris.

Figs. 1,1a,1b Larvae in various stages

specimen, dorsal side

male specimen, ventral side

Syringa vulgaris
Syringa vulgaris, the lilac or common lilac, is a species of flowering plant in the olive family, Oleaceae. Native to the Balkan Peninsula, it is widely cultivated for its scented flowers in Europe (particularly the north and west) and North America.
Kosob
Kosob (Russian: Кособ; Avar: КӀособ) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Kosobsky Selsoviet, Tlyaratinsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. Population:  244 (2010 Census); 195 (2002 Census); 132 (1989 Soviet census). There are 5 streets.

Avar language
Avar (авар мацӏ, avar maⱬ [ʔaˈwar mat͡sʼː] or магӏарул мацӏ, maⱨarul maⱬ [maʕarul mat͡sʼː], 'language of the mountains'), also known as Avaric, is a Northeast Caucasian language of the Avar–Andic subgroup that is spoken by Avars, primarily in Dagestan. In 2010, there were approximately one million speakers in Dagestan and elsewhere in Russia.
Elisabeth Crouzet-Pavan
Élisabeth Crouzet-Pavan or Elisabeth Crouzet-Pavan (born 1953) is a French historian and teacher. She is a professor at the University of Paris-Sorbonne. She is known for her knowledge of Venice in the late Middle Ages.

History of the Republic of Venice
The Republic of Venice (Venetian: Repùblega Vèneta; Italian: Repubblica di Venezia) was a sovereign state and maritime republic in Northeast Italy, which existed for a millennium between the 8th century and 1797.

It was based in the lagoon communities of the historically prosperous city of Venice, and was a leading European economic and trading power during the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, the most successful of Italy's maritime republics. By the late Middle Ages, it held significant territories in the mainland of northern Italy, known as the Domini di Terraferma, along with most of the Dalmatian coast on the other side of the Adriatic Sea, and Crete and numerous small colonies around the Mediterranean Sea, together known as the Stato da Màr.

A slow political and economic decline had begun by around 1500, and by the 18th century the city of Venice largely depended on the tourist trade, as it still does, and the Stato da Màr was largely lost.
Don King (coach)
Don King (born February 1926) is an American former football player and coach. He served as the head coach at the University of Hawaii for one season, in 1967.  King came to Hawaii in 1966 as an assistant under Phil Sarboe.  From 1963 to 1965, he served as the head football coach at Shasta College, compiling a record of 11–15.  King played football at Hughson Union High School in Hughson, California, Modesto Junior College, and Fresno State College.

Modesto Junior College
Modesto Junior College (MJC) is a public community college in the College Area neighborhood of Modesto, California, United States. It is part of Yosemite Community College District along with Columbia College. MJC, and Columbia College, belong to the California Community College system along with 112 other public community colleges. The college has two campuses in Modesto. The East Campus is the original campus while the West Campus is the larger of the two. Courses are provided in general education, lower-division transfer programs, occupational and developmental education.

MJC is accredited by the Accrediting Commission for Community and Junior Colleges (ACCJC).
The Intercontinental Derby (football)
The Intercontinental Derby (Turkish: Kıtalararası Derbi) is any football match between rivals Fenerbahçe SK and Galatasaray SK. The fixture is widely regarded as the biggest football match in Turkey because of the success both clubs have had in Turkish football, the intensity of the matches, and the immense rivalry between the two teams. The fixture has been in existence for more than a century and has developed into one of the greatest, most intense and often bitter derbies in the world, traditionally attracting very large attendances and nearly equal support for both teams throughout the country. The derby is known as "intercontinental" because Fenerbahçe and Galatasaray are two of the major Turkish teams from the Asian and the European parts of Istanbul respectively.

Emin Bülent Serdaroğlu
Emin Bülent Serdaroğlu (1886 – 28 November 1942) was a Turkish footballer, poet, and one of the founders of Galatasaray. He spent the entirety of his career with his hometown club. His grandfather was Serdar-ı Ekrem Ömer Pasha and his father was Ömer Muzaffer Bey. He lost his mother during childhood. He graduated from Galatasaray High School in 1905 and became the first Turkish captain of Galatasaray SK.

As a poet, he was a pioneer of the Fecr-i Âtî ("Dawn of the Future") movement, one of three movements of early Turkish literature. His poems Kin (1910) and Hisarlara Karşı are especially well known.
Bolivian literature
The constant political turmoil that Bolivia has experienced throughout its history has slowed the development of Bolivian literature. Many talents have had to emigrate or were silenced by the internal conflict. In recent years the literature of Bolivia has been in a process of growth, with the appearance of new writers. Older writers such as Adela Zamudio, Oscar Alfaro, and Franz Tamayo continue to be important.

Nearly half of Bolivia's population speaks indigenous languages such as: Quechua, Aymara or Guarani. The indigenous peoples of Bolivia have a rich oral tradition, as expressed in myths, legends, and stories; these stories generally have not been transcribed in writing.

Franz Tamayo
Franz Tamayo Solares (28 February 1879 in La Paz – 29 July 1956) was a Bolivian intellectual, writer, and politician. The Franz Tamayo Province is named after him. He was renowned for his oratory. A prominent Bolivian poet and philosopher, he wrote a number of educational treatises and also practiced law, journalism, and diplomacy. Tamayo was of Mestizo background; he had both Aymara and Spanish ancestry.
Rebecca Senf
Rebecca A. "Becky" Senf (born 1972) is an American writer and curator working in the field of photography. She is the Chief Curator at the Center for Creative Photography (CCP). She joined the CCP as Norton Family Assistant Curator in 2007, which was a joint appointment with Phoenix Art Museum, and was promoted to Chief Curator in 2016.

Phoenix Art Museum
The Phoenix Art Museum is the largest museum for visual art in the southwest United States.  Located in Phoenix, Arizona, the museum is 285,000 square feet (26,500 m2). It displays international exhibitions alongside its comprehensive collection of more than 18,000 works of American, Asian, European, Latin American, Western American, modern and contemporary art, and fashion design.  A community center since 1959, it hosts festivals, live performances, independent art films and educational programs year-round. It also features The Hub: The James K. Ballinger Interactive Gallery, an interactive space for children; photography exhibitions through the museum's partnership with the Center for Creative Photography; the landscaped Sculpture Garden; dining and shopping.

It has been designated a Phoenix Point of Pride.
Connecticut's 29th State Senate district
Connecticut's 29th State Senate district elects one member of the Connecticut State Senate. It consists of the towns of Brooklyn, Canterbury, Killingly, Mansfield, Scotland, Putnam, Thompson, and Windham. It has been represented by Democrat Mae Flexer since 2015.

Connecticut State Senate
The Connecticut State Senate is the upper house of the Connecticut General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Connecticut. The state senate comprises 36 members, each representing a district with around 99,280 inhabitants. Senators are elected to two-year terms without term limits. The Connecticut State Senate is one of 14 state legislative upper houses whose members serve two-year terms; four-year terms are more common.

As in other upper houses of state and territorial legislatures and the federal U.S. Senate, the Senate is vested with special functions such as confirming or rejecting gubernatorial appointments to the state's executive departments, the state cabinet, commissions and boards. Unlike a majority of U.S. state legislatures, both the Connecticut House of Representatives and the State Senate vote on the composition of the Connecticut Supreme Court.

The Senate meets within the State Capitol in Hartford.
Grigorescu
Grigorescu (Romanian pronunciation: [ɡriɡoˈresku]) is a Romanian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexandra Grigorescu, author of Cauchemar, 2016 nominee for the Sunburst Award

Dinu Grigoresco (1914–2001), Romanian and French painter

Eremia Grigorescu (1863–1919), Romanian general of artillery during World War I

Ion Grigorescu (born 1945), Romanian painter

Lucian Grigorescu (1894–1965), Romanian post-impressionist painter

Nicolae Grigorescu (1838–1907), one of the founders of modern Romanian painting
Bucharest National University of Arts, called the Nicolae Grigorescu Fine Arts Institute from 1948 to 1990
Nicolae Grigorescu metro station

Lucian Grigorescu
Lucian Grigorescu (Romanian pronunciation: [lutʃiˈan ɡriɡoˈresku]; 1 February 1894, Medgidia – 28 October 1965, Bucharest) was a Romanian post-impressionist painter.

He graduated from the Mircea cel Bătrân High School in Constanța.
In 1948, he was elected corresponding member of the Romanian Academy.
Charlie Mulchrone
Charlie Mulchrone (born 14 May 1989) is an English rugby union player currently playing for Harlequins in the Gallagher Premiership.

He was educated at St. Ambrose College. He first joined Rotherham Titans in the RFU Championship from Macclesfield RFC during the 2012–13 season. On 4 February 2014, he signed for Worcester Warriors from the 2014–15 season. On 5 April 2016, Mulchrone agrees a deal to join Premiership rivals Harlequins from the 2016–17 season.

On 3 November 2017, Charlie Mulchrone was named as vice-captain in the first fifteen to face Saracens in the Anglo Welsh Cup. With most of Harlequins first team regulars being rested.

Anglo-Welsh Cup
The Anglo-Welsh Cup (Welsh: Cwpan Eingl-Gymreig), was a cross-border rugby union knock-out cup competition that featured the 12 Premiership Rugby clubs and the four Welsh regions. It was a created as a replacement for the RFU Knockout Cup, which featured only English clubs.

The competition was replaced by the Premiership Rugby Cup, involving only the 12 English Premiership clubs, beginning with the 2018–19 season.
Oxelösund
Oxelösund is a locality and the seat of Oxelösund Municipality in Södermanland County, Sweden with 11,488 inhabitants in 2018. It is located less than 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) south from the city centre of its larger neighbour, Nyköping, with the two urban areas forming a wider agglomeration of nearly 50,000 people.

Urban areas in Sweden
An urban area or tätort (lit. 'dense locality') in Sweden has a minimum of 200 inhabitants and may be a city, town or larger village. It is a purely statistical concept, not defined by any municipal or county boundaries. Larger urban areas synonymous with cities or towns (Swedish: stad for both terms) for statistical purposes have a minimum of 10,000 inhabitants. The same statistical definition is also used for urban areas in the other Nordic countries.

In 2018, there were nearly two thousand urban areas in Sweden, which were inhabited by 87% of the Swedish population.

Urban area is a common English translation of the Swedish term tätort. The official term in English used by Statistics Sweden is, however, "locality" (Swedish: ort). It could be compared with "census-designated places" in the United States.
George Barfoot
George Barfoot (6 November 1812 at Twyford, Hampshire – 1889 at Winchester, Hampshire) was an English first-class cricketer who represented Hampshire, making his debut in 1842 against Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC).

The following season Barfoot played three further first-class matches for Hampshire, twice against Nottinghamshire and once against the Marylebone Cricket Club.

Barfoot followed this up with a single first-class match for Hampshire in 1844 against the Marylebone Cricket Club and played the same opposition for the final time in 1845. In 1845 Barfoot played his final first-class match for Hampshire against Petworth Cricket Club. In his career Barfoot scored 44 runs at a batting average of 3.66 and took a single wicket for the cost of 5 runs.

Barfoot died at Winchester, Hampshire in 1889.

Petworth Cricket Club
Petworth Cricket Club was a cricket club based at Petworth, Sussex, and briefly held important match status, playing five known senior matches from 1844 to 1845.  The club, which played its home games at Petworth Park New Ground, won two matches, lost two and drew another. Its two victories came against the Marylebone Cricket Club on its senior debut and against Hampshire in 1845 after the county conceded the match.  A prominent member of the club was the Earl of Winterton who played in four of the five matches. Another member was Newman, who played in one match.

The club no longer exists, but Petworth Park Cricket Club today represents the town, playing its matches in Division Three of the West Sussex Cricket League.