hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Longdendale Chain
The Longdendale Chain is a sequence of six reservoirs on the River Etherow in the Longdendale Valley, in northern Derbyshire. They were constructed between 1848 and 1884 to a design by John Frederick Bateman to supply the growing population of Manchester and Salford with fresh water.

The top three reservoirs (Woodhead, Torside and Rhodeswood) and Arnfield are for drinking water, and the lower reservoirs (Valehouse and Bottoms) are used as compensation reservoirs to maintain the downstream flow of the river. There was originally a seventh – Hollingworth Reservoir – which was abandoned in 1990, and has become part of the Swallows Wood nature reserve.

Water flowed by gravity through the Mottram Tunnel to the Godley covered reservoir where it drops to the service reservoirs at Denton, Audenshaw, Gorton and Prestwich.

Gorton
Gorton is an area of Manchester, in Greater Manchester, England; it lies to the south-east of the city centre. The population at the 2011 census was 36,055. Neighbouring areas include Levenshulme and Openshaw.  Gorton Monastery, a 19th-century High Victorian Gothic former Franciscan friary is a major landmark.
Camden (Port Royal, Virginia)
Camden is an Italian villa-style house on the Rappahannock River just downriver of Port Royal, Virginia.  Built 1857–1859, it is one of the nation's finest examples of an Italianate country house.  It is located on the southeast bank of the Rappahannock River, about 0.5 miles (0.80 km) north of the intersection of Camden Road (Virginia State Route 686) and United States Route 17.  Camden was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1971 for its architecture.

Virginia State Route 686
State Route 686 (SR 686) in the U.S. state of Virginia is a secondary route designation applied to multiple discontinuous road segments among the many counties. The list below describes the sections in each county that are designated SR 686.
David Franzoni
David Harold Franzoni (born March 4, 1947) is an American screenwriter and film producer. He conceived the story for, co-wrote and co-produced the 2000 film Gladiator, for which he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay and won the Academy Award for Best Picture. His other screenplays include King Arthur (2004), Amistad (1997), and Jumpin’ Jack Flash (1986).

Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay
The Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay is the Academy Award (also known as an Oscar) for the best screenplay not based upon previously published material; writers with "written by", "screenplay" or "story" credits are all collectively recognized as recipients for each nomination.

The category was created in 1940, and has always existed concurrently with the Best Adapted Screenplay category (conversely for films based on pre-existing intellectual properties); originally, it also co-existed with a third writing category, Best Story, which had been active since the original Academy Awards ceremony in 1929; this latter award was meant to reward specifically writers who originated a film's plot and characters rather than those who wrote the dialogue and final screenplay, although Best Story would later be merged into Best Original Screenplay in 1956.
Stephen Botting
Stephen Hovey Botting (5 November 1845 – 23 January 1927) was an English cricketer who played for Kent. He was a right-handed batter who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born at Higham.

Botting played club cricket regularly at Cobham. He made his first-class debut for Kent against Sussex in 1867 at Ashford Road, Eastbourne in a match arranged by players rather than officials of either club. He made a second first-class appearance for Kent against the same opposition at the County Ground, Hove, in 1875.

Botting worked as a labourer and gardener throughout his life, and played cricket as a professional. He married Jane Stevens in 1870, and the couple had 13 children. He died at Shorne, near Gravesend, Kent on 23 January 1927, aged 81.

Ashford Road
Ashford Road was a cricket ground in Eastbourne, Sussex.  The first recorded match on the ground was in 1857, when Eastbourne played a United All-England Eleven. Sussex played  Kent in the grounds first first-class match.  The second and final first-class match held at the ground was played in 1873 and was between Sussex and Kent.  The final recorded match held on the ground came in 1879 when the Eastbourne played E Christian's XI.  The site is today occupied by buildings.
Shallow reading
Shallow reading refers to social practices in which people acquire information or entertainment quickly from texts, images or other meaningful forms, individual or combination, by using various modern media. Shallow reading as a representational form of post-modern mass culture reflects a transition of expense principle tendency from print culture towards visual culture.

Visual culture
Visual culture is the aspect of culture expressed in visual images. Many academic fields study this subject, including cultural studies, art history, critical theory, philosophy, media studies, Deaf Studies, and anthropology.

The field of visual culture studies in the United States corresponds or parallels the Bildwissenschaft ("image studies") in Germany. Both fields are not entirely new, as they can be considered reformulations of issues of photography and film theory that had been raised from the 1920s and 1930s by authors like Béla Balázs, László Moholy-Nagy, Siegfried Kracauer and Walter Benjamin.
Robert J. Evans
Robert J. Evans (born 1853 in Louisiana, died 27 September 1921 in Harris County, Texas) was a Republican state legislator in Texas. Born into slavery, he served two terms representing Grimes County from January 1879 to January 1883. In addition to his career as a legislator, he worked as a teacher and was a delegate to the 1882 and 1884 State Republican Conventions, the 1883 State Colored Men's Convention and the 1884 National Republican Convention.

Grimes County, Texas
Grimes County is a county located in southeastern Texas, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population was 29,268. The seat of the county is Anderson. The county was formed from Montgomery County in 1846.  It is named for Jesse Grimes, a signer of the Texas Declaration of Independence and early European-American settler of the county.

The Navasota and Brazos Rivers form the western boundary of the county. Eastern areas of the county are part of the watershed of the San Jacinto River.
Mortehoe and Woolacombe railway station
Mortehoe and Woolacombe railway station  was a station on the London and South Western Railway Ilfracombe Branch Line between Barnstaple and Ilfracombe in North Devon, England (grid reference SS483438).

Ilfracombe
Ilfracombe (/ˈɪlfrəkuːm/ IL-frə-koom) is a seaside resort and civil parish on the North Devon coast, England, with a small harbour surrounded by cliffs.

The parish stretches along the coast from the 'Coastguard Cottages' in Hele Bay toward the east and 4 miles (6 km) along the Torrs to Lee Bay toward the west. The resort is hilly and the highest point within the parish boundary is 'Hore Down Gate', 2 miles (3 km) inland and 860 feet (270 m) above sea level.

The landmark of Hillsborough Hill dominates the harbour and the site of an Iron Age fortified settlement. In the built environment, the architectural-award-winning Landmark Theatre has a distinctive double-conical design. The 13th-century parish church, Holy Trinity, and the St Nicholas's Chapel (a lighthouse) on Lantern Hill, have been joined by Damien Hirst's statue of Verity as points of interest.
Gao Yinxian
Gao Yinxian (高银仙)  (c. 1902 – February 4, 1990), an inhabitant of Jiangyong County, Hunan province, China, was the eldest of seven so-called sisters who could write Nüshu. She and Yang Huanyi, the last proficient speaker and writer of Nüshu, learned Nüshu at the same time for 3 years when she was young and a deep friendship was formed.

Jiangyong County
Jiangyong County (simplified Chinese: 江永县; traditional Chinese: 江永縣; pinyin: Jiāngyǒng Xiàn) is a county of Hunan Province, China. It is under the administration of Yongzhou prefecture-level City.

Located on the south margin of the province, it is bordered on the west by Guangxi. The county is bordered to the northeast by Dao County, to the southeast by Jianghua County, to the south by Fuchuan County of Guangxi, to the west by Gongcheng County of Guangxi, and to the south by Guanyang County of Guangxi. Jiangyong County covers an area of 1,627 km2 (628 sq mi), and as of 2015, it had a registered population (hukou) of 278,715 and a permanent resident population of 240,900. The county has 6 towns and four ethnic townships under its jurisdiction, and the county seat is Xiaopu Town (潇浦镇).

Nüshu script is a local script understood only by women in Jiangyong County.
David Jeaffreson
David Gregory Jeaffreson, CBE, JP (Chinese: 謝法新, 23 November 1931 – 30 October 2008) was a British colonial government official and civil servant. He arrived in Hong Kong in 1961 serving as Administrative Officer, and was Secretary for Economic Services and Secretary for Security in 1970s and 1980s, during which he had also been appointed as official Legislative Councillor for more than ten years.

Jeaffreson was appointed as Commissioner of ICAC by Governor Sir David Wilson in 1988. Retiring from the government in 1991, he chose to reside in Hong Kong and had become the deputy chairman of Big Island Asia Limited and an independent non-executive director of Buildmore International Limited.

David Wilson, Baron Wilson of Tillyorn
David Clive Wilson, Baron Wilson of Tillyorn (Chinese: 衛奕信, born 14 February 1935) is a retired British administrator, diplomat and Sinologist. He was the penultimate Commander-in-Chief and 27th Governor of Hong Kong (from 1987 to 1992). He served as Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, the British Monarch's representative to the Assembly, in 2010 and 2011.
He is also one of two living former governors of Hong Kong, alongside Chris Patten. He retired from the House of Lords on 12 February 2021 after sitting as a crossbencher for more than 28 years.
1917 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
The 1917 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship was the 28th staging of the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Tipperary County Board in 1887.

Boherlahan were the defending champions.

Boherlahan won the championship after a 2–02 to 1–01 defeat of Toomevara in the final. It was their third championship title overall and their third title in succession.

Boherlahan–Dualla GAA
Boherlahan–Dualla GAA is a Gaelic Athletic Association club associated with the villages of Boherlahan and Dualla in County Tipperary, Ireland. The parish of Boherlahan–Dualla is a large parish in Tipperary, and Boherlahan-Dualla GAA club competes in the Mid-Tipperary Division. The Boherlahan–Dualla parish borders seven parishes from three separate divisions, Holycross–Ballycahill GAA and Moycarkey–Borris GAA to the north who play in the Mid-Tipperary division, to the west it borders Knockavilla–Donaskeigh Kickhams GAA, Clonoulty–Rossmore GAA, Golden–Kilfeacle GAA and Cashel King Cormacs GAA, all of whom play in the West Tipperary division, and to the east, Killenaule GAA who play in the South Tipperary division. The club is primarily involved in hurling, and throughout its history has produced many hurlers who have competed for the club and for the Tipperary county team. These include members of the Leahy, Maher, Coffey, and Power families.
2021 São Paulo Challenger de Tênis – Doubles
Luis David Martínez and Felipe Meligeni Alves were the defending champions but chose to defend their title with different partners. Martínez partnered Fernando Romboli but lost in the semifinals to Nicolás Barrientos and Alejandro Gómez. Meligeni Alves partnered Rafael Matos but withdrew before the final due to a positive test for COVID-19.

Barrientos and Gómez won the title by walkover after Matos and Meligeni Alves withdrew before the final.

Felipe Meligeni Alves
Felipe Meligeni Rodrigues Alves (born 19 February 1998) is a Brazilian professional tennis player.
He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 117 achieved on 21 April 2025 and a doubles ranking of No. 75 achieved on 20 June 2022. He is currently the No. 5 Brazilian singles player.
Arturo León Lerma
Arturo León Lerma (1 March 1937 – 19 February 2026) was a Mexican politician from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). From 2000 to 2003 he served as a federal deputy in the 58th Congress, representing Sonora's seventh district.

After starting in the front office of the Mayos de Navojoa in the 1970s, León Lerma served as president of the Liga Mexicana del Pacífico from 1981 to 1985, and again from 1989 to 2000, before finishing his executive career with a 14-year stint with the Naranjeros de Hermosillo. He was inducted into the 2011 class of the Mexican Professional Baseball Hall of Fame as an executive.

Lerma died on 19 February 2026, at the age of 88.

LVIII Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LVIII Legislature of the Congress of the Union of Mexico (58th Congress) met from 1 September 2000 to 31 August 2003. All 628 members of the two chambers of Congress were elected in the elections of July 2000.
HMS Pathfinder
Two ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Pathfinder.

HMS Pathfinder (1904), launched in 1904, was a scout cruiser, the lead ship of her class. She was sunk at the start of World War I by U-21, becoming the first ship to ever be sunk by a torpedo fired by submarine.

HMS Pathfinder (G10), launched in 1941, was a P-class destroyer. She served in World War II, sank the German submarines U-162 and U-203, and was rendered a constructive loss by air attack off Ramree Island, Burma on 11 February 1945, she was finally broken up at Milford Haven in November 1948.

Ramree Island
Ramree Island (Burmese: ရမ်းဗြဲကျွန်း; also spelled Yanbye Island) is an island off the coast of Rakhine State, Myanmar (Burma). Ramree island is the largest island on the entire Arakan coast and in Myanmar. The area of the island is about 1,350 square kilometres (520 sq mi) and the main populated center is Ramree. In the Burmese language it is known as Yanbye Island. The district on Ramree island is Kyaukpyu district, and Kyaukpyu is a major town and the second capital of Rakhine State.
John Fisk
John Fisk (died December 20, 2004) was an American radio personality based in New York City, associated with the Pacifica Foundation's WBAI-FM.

During the 1970s and 1980s Fisk was the host of Digressions, a weekly late-night free form radio show on WBAI.

Fisk also served as broadcast consultant to the Poetry Project at St. Mark's Church for over twenty years, producing broadcasts of Poetry Project readings for WBAI.

WBAI
WBAI (99.5 FM) is a non-commercial, listener-supported radio station licensed to New York, New York. Its programming is a mixture of political news, talk and opinion from a left-leaning, liberal or progressive viewpoint, and eclectic music. The station is owned by the Pacifica Foundation with studios located in Brooklyn and transmitter located at 4 Times Square.
Tahir Efendi Gjakova
Tahir Efendi Gjakova (1770–1850 or 1835), also known as Tahir Efendi Boshnjaku or The Great Efendi (Albanian: Efendiu i Madh), was an Albanian religious leader of the Yakova region in Kosovo, as well as one of the most known Albanian bejtexhinj. He lived and served as a clergyman in Yakova. The best known work from him, Emni Vehbije (The Offering) was published with Arabic alphabet in Istanbul in 1835. A reprint of it with Latin alphabet was done in 1907 in Sofia, Bulgaria.

Arabic alphabet
The Arabic alphabet, or the Arabic abjad, is the Arabic script as specifically codified for writing the Arabic language. It is a unicameral script written from right-to-left in a cursive style, and includes 28 letters, of which most have contextual forms. Unlike the modern Latin alphabet, the script has no concept of letter case. The Arabic alphabet is an abjad, with only consonants required to be written (though the long vowels – ā ī ū – are also written, with letters used for consonants); due to its optional use of diacritics to notate vowels, it is considered an impure abjad.
Guadalupe Pass (Texas)
Guadalupe Pass is a mountain pass in Culberson County, Texas. It is located just outside of Guadalupe Mountains National Park, Texas and is traversed by U.S. Highway 62-180 connecting El Paso, Texas with Carlsbad, New Mexico.

U.S. Route 62
U.S. Route 62 or U.S. Highway 62 (US 62) is an east–west United States Highway in the southern and northeastern United States. It runs from the Mexican border at El Paso, Texas, to Niagara Falls, New York, near the Canadian border. It is the only east–west United States Numbered Highway that connects Mexico and Canada. Parts of US 62 follow what once was the Ozark Trail, including the historic bridge across the South Canadian River in Newcastle, Oklahoma (the first structure built with federal highway funds in Oklahoma after lobbying efforts by Stanley Draper). This bridge was damaged beyond repair by the 2013 Moore tornado that struck Newcastle and Moore, Oklahoma. The highway is signed north–south in New York and Pennsylvania, reflecting its directional orientation in both states, and is signed east-west for the remainder of its course.
Kenneth Harding (sportsman)
Kenneth Harding (12 February 1892 – 30 November 1977) was an English cricketer. Harding was a right-handed batsman. He was born at Greenwich, London, and was educated at St Edward's School, Oxford.

Harding fought in World War I, during which part of his right hand was blown off. However this did not greatly restrict his ability to play cricket, with him later making three first-class appearances for Sussex in 1928 County Championship, against Yorkshire, Hampshire and Essex. He scored 91 runs in his three matches, at an average of 18.20, with a high score of 55 not out, which he made against Essex.

Outside of cricket he played rugby union for Blackheath F.C., and was at one point considered for England selection. He died at Eastbourne, Sussex, on 30 November 1977.

Essex County Cricket Club
Essex County Cricket Club is one of eighteen first-class county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Essex.

Founded in 1876, the club had minor county status until 1894 when it was promoted to first-class status pending its entry into the County Championship in 1895. Since then, the team has played in every top-level domestic cricket competition in England.

Essex currently play all their home games at the County Cricket Ground, Chelmsford. The club has formerly used other venues throughout the county including Lower Castle Park in Colchester, Valentines Park in Ilford, Leyton Cricket Ground, the Gidea Park Sports Ground in Romford, and Garon Park and Southchurch Park, both in Southend.

The limited overs team has previously been known as the Essex Eagles but now play simply as Essex.
James Braid (political advisor)
James Carlin Braid (born November 21, 1990) is an American legislative aide who has served as the White House director of legislative affairs since 2025.

Braid graduated from the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, in 2013. After graduating, he worked for Heritage Action and The Washington Free Beacon. Braid served as the legislative director for South Carolina representative Mark Sanford, later working for North Carolina representative Ted Budd as his deputy chief of staff and the Freedom Caucus as its policy director. In July 2019, he became the deputy associate director for legislative affairs for appropriations at the Office of Management and Budget. Braid later served as the chiefs of staff for Montana representative Matt Rosendale and Colorado representative Ken Buck. In February 2023, he became Ohio senator JD Vance's legislative director.

In November 2024, president-elect Donald Trump named Braid as his White House director of legislative affairs.

Jake Sherman (journalist)
Jacob Scott Sherman (born December 16, 1985) is an American journalist and writer. He is the co-founder of Punchbowl News, a daily newsletter service focusing on Congress. He is an NBC News and MSNBC political analyst. He previously worked for Politico, among other media outlets.
UEFA Women's Euro 2013 Group B
Group B of the UEFA Women's Euro 2013 consisted of Germany, the reigning champions, Iceland, Netherlands and Norway. Matches were staged in Kalmar and Växjö from 11–17 July 2013.

Norway won the group and advanced to the knockout stage along with group runners-up Germany. Iceland progressed as one of the best third-placed teams while the Netherlands failed to advance.

Växjö
Växjö (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈvɛ̂kːɧøː]) is a city and the seat of Växjö Municipality, Kronoberg County, Sweden. As of 2023, it had 74,052 inhabitants, out of a total 98,280 municipal residents (2025). It is the administrative, cultural, and industrial centre of Kronoberg County and the episcopal see of the Diocese of Växjö, with Växjö Cathedral at its heart. The city is also home to Linnaeus University.
La Peur (short story)
"La Peur" is the title of two short stories by Guy de Maupassant.

The better known of the two was first published in the October 23, 1882 issue of Le Gaulois, and later included in Contes de la bécasse in 1887. In this story, travellers on a boat bound for Africa relate incidents of fear.

The second short story was published in Le Figaro in 1884. It follows a man walking alone at night on an empty road.

Le Gaulois
Le Gaulois (French: [lə ɡolwa]) was a French daily newspaper, founded in 1868 by Edmond Tarbé and Henry de Pène. After a printing stoppage, it was revived by Arthur Meyer in 1882 with notable collaborators Paul Bourget, Alfred Grévin, Abel Hermant, and Ernest Daudet. Among its many famous contributing editors was Guy de Maupassant. Gaston Leroux's novel The Phantom of the Opera was first published as a serialization in its pages between September 1909 and January 1910.

The paper was taken over by Le Figaro in 1929.
Pete Catan
Pete Catan (born November 12, 1957) is an American former football player. He was one of the Houston Gamblers' leaders in quarterback sacks in 1985, Catan was credited with 20 sacks for losses totaling 146 1/2 yards in 1984. He was captain and 3-year All-American at Eastern Illinois University.

Houston Gamblers
The Houston Gamblers were an American football team that competed in the United States Football League in 1984 and 1985. The Gamblers were coached by veteran NFL head coach Jack Pardee in both their seasons. They were noteworthy for introducing former Middletown (Ohio) High School football coach Glenn "Tiger" Ellison's Run & Shoot offense to the world of pro football.