hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ford, Argyll
Ford (Scottish Gaelic: Àth na Crà) is a small village at the southern end of Loch Awe in Argyll, Scotland. The village originated as a stopping point on the drove route to Inveraray. The Ford Hotel dates back to 1864, and was probably erected on the site of the old change house. Today it is a guest house and is a listed building. To the north-east is Eredine along the loch.

There are historic paddocks along the side of the ford to Dalavich road. A hill known as Dun Dubh overlooks the village.

Guest house
A guest house (or guesthouse, also rest house) is a kind of lodging. In some parts of the world (such as the Caribbean), a guest house is a type of inexpensive hotel-like lodging. In others, it is a private home that has been converted for the exclusive use of visitor accommodation. The owner usually lives in an entirely separate area within the property and the guest house may be as a form of lodging business.
George Tibbles
George F. Tibbles (June 7, 1913 – February 14, 1987) was an American composer and screenwriter.

He and Ramez Idriss co-wrote "The Woody Woodpecker Song" for the 1948 short film, Wet Blanket Policy; the song would receive an Academy Award nomination (Academy Award for Best Original Song), and by June 30, 1948, it was third on the hit parade. Tibbles also composed the theme music for Bringing Up Buddy and Pistols 'n' Petticoats.

Tibbles wrote the scripts for the TV series My Three Sons, as well as several for the shows Leave It to Beaver, One Day at a Time, The Betty White Show, and Life with Elizabeth.

Tibbles authored the stage comedy That's All the Love I've Got..., which played at the Charles Playhouse in Boston from July 17-26, 1981. The production starred Kaye Ballard and Marisa Pavan and was directed by Sheldon Keller.

Marisa Pavan
Maria Luisa Pierangeli (19 June 1932 – 6 December 2023), known professionally as Marisa Pavan, was an Italian and French actress who first became known as the twin sister of film star Pier Angeli (Anna Maria Pierangeli) before achieving success in her screen career. She received an Academy Award nomination and won a Golden Globe Award for her performance in the 1955 film The Rose Tattoo.
Captain Wedderburn's Courtship
"Captain Wedderburn's Courtship" is an old Scottish ballad dating from 1785 or earlier. It is Child Ballad #46, Roud 36. It is known by a number of titles, including "Lord Roslin's Daughter" and "The Laird of Rosslyn's Daughter".

The song was collected in the United States, Scotland, Ireland, Canada, Australia. The first known publication, probably, dates from 1780s (The New British Songster).

Roud Folk Song Index
The Roud Folk Song Index is a database of around 250,000 references to nearly 25,000 songs collected from oral tradition in the English language from all over the world. It is compiled by Steve Roud. Roud's Index is a combination of the Broadside Index (printed sources before 1900) and a "field-recording index" compiled by Roud. It subsumes all the previous printed sources known to Francis James Child (the Child Ballads) and includes recordings from 1900 to 1975. Until early 2006, the index was available by a CD subscription; now it can be found online on the Vaughan Williams Memorial Library website, maintained by the English Folk Dance and Song Society (EFDSS). A partial list is also available at List of folk songs by Roud number.
Stephanie Foster (public servant)
Stephanie Foster, PSM is an Australian senior public servant. She assumed the role of Secretary of the Department of Home Affairs in November 2023, replacing long-serving secretary Mike Pezzullo after his dismissal for breaching the Australian Public Service Code of Conduct. Some commentators described her appointment as one focused on 'cleaning up' after her predecessor's maladministration.

Maladministration
Maladministration is the actions of a government body which can be seen as causing an injustice. The law in the United Kingdom says Ombudsmen must investigate maladministration.

The definition of maladministration is wide and can include:

Delay

Incorrect action or failure to take any action

Failure to follow procedures or the law

Failure to provide information

Inadequate record-keeping

Failure to investigate

Failure to reply

Misleading or inaccurate statements

Inadequate liaison

Inadequate consultation

Broken promises
Shide railway station
Shide railway station was at Shide, on the southern fringes of Newport, Isle of Wight, off the south coast of England. It was an intermediate station on the line from Newport to Sandown, which was initially operated by the Isle of Wight (Newport Junction) Railway (incorporated 1868).

Sandown
Sandown is a seaside resort and civil parish on the south-east coast of the Isle of Wight, England. The neighbouring resort of Shanklin and the settlement of Lake are sited just to the south of the town. Sandown has a population of 7,125 according to the 2021 Census, and the three Sandown Bay settlements (the others being Lake and Shanklin) form a built-up area of more than 20,000 inhabitants. Sandown is the Bay's northernmost town, with its easily accessible, sandy beaches running continuously from the cliffs below Battery Gardens in the south to Yaverland in the north.
Klipdrif Dam
Klipdrif Dam is an earth-fill type dam located on the Loopspruit and Enselspruit near Potchefstroom, North West, South Africa. The river flowing out the dam is the Loopspruit. It was established in 1990 and its primary purpose is to serve for irrigation. The hazard potential of the dam has been ranked significant (2).

Loopspruit
Loopspruit is a small town situated 55 km north east of Pretoria in Mpumalanga, South Africa.

Located on the R568 road towards KwaMhlanga, the village is renowned for Loopspruit Wine Estate, Loopspruit Wine Estate owes its origins to a retired policeman, Eric Olivier. Loopspruit Wine Estate is the most northerly wine estate in South Africa, on the banks of the Loopspruit River. The town also hosts Kgodwana (Loopspruit), a traditional Ndebele village.
Retrograde tracing
Retrograde tracing is a research method used in neuroscience to trace neural connections from their point of termination (the synapse) to their source (the cell body). Retrograde tracing techniques allow for detailed assessment of neuronal connections between a target population of neurons and their inputs throughout the nervous system. These techniques allow the "mapping" of connections between neurons in a particular structure (e.g. the eye) and the target neurons in the brain. The opposite technique is anterograde tracing, which is used to trace neural connections from their source to their point of termination (i.e. from cell body to synapse). Both the anterograde and retrograde tracing techniques are based on the visualization of axonal transport.

Axonal transport
Axonal transport, also called axoplasmic transport or axoplasmic flow, is the cellular process responsible for moving lipids, synaptic vesicles, proteins, mitochondria and other organelles to and from a neuron's cell body, through the cytoplasm of its axon called the axoplasm. Since some axons are on the order of meters long, neurons cannot rely on diffusion to carry products of the nucleus and organelles to the ends of their axons. Axonal transport is also responsible for moving molecules destined for degradation from the axon back to the cell body, where they are broken down by lysosomes.

Movement toward the cell body is called retrograde transport and movement toward the synapse is called anterograde transport.
William Langford (golf)
William Boice Langford (1887–1977) was a golf course designer and civil engineer from Austin, Illinois. He graduated from both Yale and Columbia University. During the golden age of golf design between the world wars, he produced many great golf courses primarily in the Midwest states. Langford’s work is reminiscent of golf course designers Seth Raynor, Charles Banks and Charles B. Macdonald. He died in Sarasota, Florida in 1977.

Along with Theodore Moreau, he produced over 200 golf courses. Some of the best include Minnehaha Country Club, in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, added in 2018 as a tournament stop for the PGA Champions tour, Martin County Golf Course in Stuart, Florida, Milburn Country Club in Overland Park, Kansas, Wakonda in Des Moines, Iowa, Harrison Hills in Attica, Indiana, Maxinkuckee in Culver, Indiana (played often by Roy, Pete and Alice Dye early in their careers), Ozaukee in Mequon, Wisconsin, Lawsonia in Green Lake, Wisconsin, and Happy Hollow in Omaha, Nebraska.

Charles Blair Macdonald
Charles Blair Macdonald (November 14, 1855 – April 21, 1939) was a major figure in early American golf. He built the first 18-hole course in the United States, was a driving force in the founding of the United States Golf Association, won the first U.S. Amateur championship, and later built some of the most influential golf courses in the United States, to the extent that he is considered the father of American golf course design. He is a member of the World Golf Hall of Fame.
Allied Arts Building
The Allied Arts Building is a historic high-rise building located at 725 Church Street in Lynchburg, Virginia. It is currently being remodeled for apartments.

Construction of the building began in 1929 and was completed in 1931, and it was designed by Stanhope S. Johnson and Addison Staples. The 17-story, 40-foot (12 m) by 132-foot (40 m) building was the tallest building in Lynchburg until completion of the Bank of the James Building in 1972. It is steel framed and faced in yellow brick and greenstone in Art Deco style. Its outer shape and design is very similar to that of the Central National Bank in Richmond, Virginia.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985. It is located in the Court House Hill-Downtown Historic District.

Lynchburg, Virginia
Lynchburg is an independent city in Virginia, United States. Located in the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains along the James River, it had a population of 79,009 at the 2020 census, making it the 11th-most populous city in Virginia. It is nicknamed the "City of Seven Hills" or the "Hill City." Lynchburg was founded in 1757 by John Lynch, a Quaker ferry operator and abolitionist. During the American Civil War, Lynchburg's strategic importance helped it remain the only major city in Virginia not recaptured by Union forces before the war's end.

Lynchburg anchors the Lynchburg metropolitan area, which lies near the geographic center of Virginia and is the fifth-largest metropolitan area in the state, with a population of 261,593. The city is a regional hub for education, home to several institutions of higher learning, including Liberty University, the University of Lynchburg, Randolph College, Virginia University of Lynchburg, and Central Virginia Community College.
P'isaqiri
P'isaqiri (Aymara p'isaqa Nothoprocta (a kind of bird), -(i)ri a suffix, also spelled Pisakheri) is a 4,648-metre-high (15,249 ft) mountain in the Andes of Bolivia. It is located in the Oruro Department, Mejillones Province, La Rivera Municipality, south-west of Carangas.

Nothoprocta
Nothoprocta is a genus of birds belonging to the tinamou family Tinamidae. They inhabit scrubland, grassland and open woodland in western South America, particularly in the Andes. They are poor fliers and spend most of their time on the ground. Their diet includes seeds and insects. They nest on the ground, laying large glossy eggs. The eggs are covered with feathers when a potential predator is nearby.

They are medium-sized tinamous, 26 to 36 cm (10–14 in) long. They have strong legs and fairly long, downcurved bills. The plumage is mostly grey-brown with intricate black, white and buff markings. The birds have loud, whistling calls.
Palumbo Shipyards
Palumbo is an international shipyard group headquartered in Naples with seven shipyards across the Mediterranean (Ancona, Naples, Malta, Savona, Messina, Rijeka and Marseille) operating five brands: ISA Yachts, Columbus Yachts, Mondomarine, Extra Yachts and Palumbo SY dedicated to refit.

In 2011 they launched the largest yacht ever built in Southern Italy.

In 2011, Palumbo improved its presence in Malta by signing a 30-year deal for the operation of Malta Super Yacht Services (MSYS) with the government. In 2020, MSC took over 50 percent of the company.

Ancona
Ancona (/æŋˈkoʊnə/, also US: /ænˈ-, ɑːnˈ-/; Italian: [aŋˈkoːna] ⓘ) is a city and a seaport in the Marche region of central Italy. The city of Ancona has an estimated population of around 99,469 as of 2025. Ancona is the capital of the homonymous province and of the region. The city is located 280 km (170 mi) northeast of Rome, on the Adriatic Sea, between the slopes of the two extremities of the promontory of Monte Conero, Monte Astagno and Monte Guasco. The hilly nature around Ancona is a strong contrast to the flatter coastline in areas further north.

Ancona is one of the main ports on the Adriatic Sea, especially for passenger traffic, and is the main economic and demographic centre of the region.

As a result of Ancona's unique elbow shape facing the sea, Ancona is one of the few cities in the world and the only city in Italy where it is possible to see both sunrise and sunset over the sea.
David Friedman (composer)
David Allen Friedman (born 1950) is an American film and theatre composer, songwriter, author, lyricist and conductor based in New York City.  He received a 1997 Backstage Bistro Award for Composer of the Year and a 1997 Johnny Mercer Award for Songwriter of the Year, and a Special Lifetime Achievement Award at the 26th Annual MAC Awards.  His oratorio, King Island Christmas, won a Frederick Loewe Award and Dramatists Guild Award. David's musical Desperate Measures won the 2018 Drama Desk Award for Best Music and Best Lyrics (Peter Kellogg) as well as the Outer Critic's Circle Award for Best Off Broadway Musical and the Off Broadway Alliance Award for Best Musical.

Lyricist
A lyricist is a writer who writes lyrics (the spoken words), as opposed to a composer, who writes the song's music which may include (but is not limited to) the melody, harmony, arrangement and accompaniment.
Getopt
getopt() is a POSIX C function used to parse command-line options of the Unix/POSIX style on C. It is a part of the POSIX specification, and is universal to Unix-like systems.
It is also the name of a Unix program for parsing command line arguments in shell scripts.

Unix-like
A Unix-like (sometimes referred to as UN*X, *nix or *NIX) operating system is one that behaves in a manner similar to a Unix system, although not necessarily conforming to or being certified to any version of the Single UNIX Specification. A Unix-like application is one that behaves like the corresponding Unix command or shell. Although there are general philosophies for Unix design, there is no technical standard defining the term, and opinions can differ about the degree to which a particular operating system or application is Unix-like. Some well-known examples of Unix-like operating systems include Linux, FreeBSD and OpenBSD. These systems are often used on servers as well as on personal computers and other devices. Many popular applications, such as the Apache web server and the Bash shell, are also designed to be used on Unix-like systems.
2024 U.S. Open (golf)
The  2024 United States Open Championship was the 124th U.S. Open, the national open golf championship of the United States. It was a 72-hole stroke play tournament played from June 13–16 on course number 2 of Pinehurst Resort in Pinehurst, North Carolina. It is the 1,000th USGA staged championship in the organization's history. Bryson DeChambeau won the tournament to claim his second U.S. Open title.

United States Golf Association
The United States Golf Association (USGA) is the United States national association of golf courses, clubs and facilities and the governing body of golf for the U.S. and Mexico. Together with The R&A, the USGA produces and interprets the rules of golf. The USGA also provides a national handicap system for golfers, conducts 14 national championships, including the U.S. Open, U.S. Women's Open and U.S. Senior Open, and tests golf equipment for conformity with regulations. The USGA and the USGA Museum are located in Liberty Corner, New Jersey. In 2024, the USGA moved its Testing Center from Liberty Corner, New Jersey to Pinehurst, North Carolina. The Testing Center is where all golf clubs and golf balls manufactured in the United States and Mexico are tested for conformance to the Rules of Golf.
Hilltop F.C.
Hilltop Football Club is a football club based in Stonebridge, London, England. They are currently members of the Combined Counties League Premier Division North and groundshare with Hendon FC at Silver Jubilee Park.

Stonebridge, London
Stonebridge is a locality in the London Borough of Brent. Stonebridge is situated in southern Brent and makes up the western part of Harlesden. The A404 runs through the district known locally as Brentfield and Hillside, while to the south are railway tracks and to the west is the North Circular Road along with Stonebridge Park station. The area is known for the previously troubled 1960s Stonebridge housing estate, which was completely redeveloped in the 2010s.

Stonebridge is also the name of the largest electoral ward in the borough, which includes Stonebridge itself as well as Park Royal and the southern half of Neasden including the St Raphael's Estate; it is the most populated ward in Brent with a population over 17,000 with the majority of Afro-Caribbean heritage.
2008–09 Liga Artzit
The 2008–09 Liga Artzit season started on 5 September 2008 and ended on 29 May 2009.

Two teams from Liga Alef were promoted at the end of the previous season: Hapoel Umm al-Fahm and Maccabi Ironi Bat Yam along with two teams relegated from Liga Leumit: Hapoel Nazareth Illit and Hapoel Rishon LeZion.The two teams relegated to Liga Alef were Hapoel Kfar Shalem and Maccabi HaShikma/Ramat Hen.

It was scheduled to be the last season before the league closing, as the top two divisions are both expanded to 16 clubs. As a result of the restructuring, the top seven clubs were promoted to Liga Leumit, whilst the eight-placed club played in a play-off against the 11th-placed club in Liga Leumit for a place in that division. The losers of that match and the bottom four clubs in Liga Artzit were relegated to Liga Alef, which has regained its status as the third tier of Israeli football.

Liga Artzit
Liga Artzit (Hebrew: ליגה ארצית, lit. Country League) is the defunct third division of Israeli Football League, beneath its highest division Premier League and the second division Liga Leumit. Before being cancelled in 2009, it was run by the Israel Football Association. It was replaced by Liga Alef.
Hugh Hilley
Hugh Hilley (19 March 1899 – 14 September 1987) was a Scottish footballer, who played as a left back for Celtic from 1921 to 1928. He won the Scottish Football League championship in 1925–26, either side of Scottish Cup victories in 1925 and 1927, as well as one winner's medal each in the Glasgow Cup and Glasgow Merchants Charity Cup.

Noted for his energy and bravery on the field, in 1927 it was reported that he had suffered some kind of nervous breakdown brought on by exhaustion. He recovered, but decided to give up playing, and later operated an ice-cream shop in Townhead, Glasgow.

Townhead
Townhead (Scottish Gaelic: Ceann a' Bhaile,  Scots: Tounheid) is a district within the city of Glasgow, Scotland. It is one of Glasgow's oldest areas, and contains two of its major surviving medieval landmarks – Glasgow Cathedral and the Provand's Lordship.

In medieval times, Townhead was the gateway into Glasgow from the north, while today it forms the north eastern extremity of the city centre. Townhead experienced great change between the mid 1950s and late 1970s following the publication of the infamous Bruce Report, when it was substantially depopulated and redeveloped.  Today, it contains a much reduced resident population, a commercial/industrial sector and an educational quarter centred around the campuses of both the University of Strathclyde and City of Glasgow College.
Januszewski
Januszewski (feminine Januszewska) is a Polish surname. It is a toponymic surname derived from any of locations named  Januszewo or Januszewice. The names of both locations derive from the Polish given name Janusz. The Lithuanized form is Janušauskas, Russified: Yanushevsky.

Notable people with the surname include:

Artur Januszewski (born 1976), Polish footballer

Franciszek Januszewski (1886–1953), one of the founders of the Józef Piłsudski Institute of America

Gisela Januszewska (1867–1943), Austrian physician

Hilary Paweł Januszewski (1907–1945), Carmelite, friar, priest; survived in the camp of Dachau until 1945

Paweł Januszewski (born 1972), retired hurdler from Poland

Nikodem Januszewski (born 2007), Great man

Paweł Januszewski
Paweł Januszewski (born 2 January 1972) is a retired hurdler from Poland, who is best known for winning the gold medal at the 1998 European Championships. A gold medalist at the 1999 Summer Universiade, he represented his native country in two consecutive Summer Olympics (1996 and 2000), reaching the final on the second occasion. In addition, he competed at four World Championships, qualifying for the final in 1999 and 2001.

Januszewski was born in Pyrzyce. He set his personal best (48.17s) in the men's 400 metres hurdles on 20 August 1998, in his winning race in Budapest, Hungary. It was the national record until 2007, when the mark was bettered by Marek Plawgo, and remains the second best result by a Polish athlete.
Biała, Wieluń County
Biała [ˈbjawa] is a village in Wieluń County, Łódź Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Biała. It lies approximately 11 km (7 mi) north-west of Wieluń and 92 km (57 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Wieluń
Wieluń [ˈvjɛluɲ] (Latin: Velun) is a town in south-central Poland with 21,624 inhabitants (2021). The town is the seat of the Gmina Wieluń and Wieluń County, and is located within the Łódź Voivodeship. Wieluń is a capital of the historical Wieluń Land.

Wieluń has a long and rich history. In the past, it used to be an important urban trade centre of the Kingdom of Poland. Several Polish kings and notables visited the town, but following the catastrophic Swedish Deluge (1655–1660), Wieluń declined and never regained its status. In September 1939, during the invasion of Poland, it was heavily bombed by the Luftwaffe. The Bombing of Wieluń is considered to be the first World War II bombing in Europe. It killed at least 127 civilians, injured hundreds more and destroyed the majority of the town.
Astrothelium clypeatum
Astrothelium clypeatum is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Trypetheliaceae. Found in Vietnam, it was formally described as a new species in 2016 by André Aptroot and Cécile Gueidan. The type specimen was collected from Cát Tiên National Park (Dong Nai Province); here it was found growing on the bark of some trees along a road. The lichen has an olive-green thallus that shows branched lines revealing the black prothallus underneath. No lichen products were detected in the species. The authors placed it in genus Astrothelium because of the "well-developed, corticate, rimose thallus", but acknowledge that it might belong to genus Pseudopyrenula. The species epithet clypeatum refers to the conical black ascomata, which have a pseudostromata resembling a clypeus (a shield-like growth).

André Aptroot
André Aptroot (Heemskerk, 1961) is a Dutch mycologist and lichenologist. His primary research focus is on biodiversity, particularly tropical lichens, encompassing systematics, floristic surveys, and taxonomic reviews. A prolific researcher, he has published more than 500 scientific papers and described hundreds of new fungal and lichen species.