hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
History of civil rights in the United States
The history of civil rights in the United States consists of noted events such as the passage of legislation and organized efforts to abolish public and private acts of racial and/or religious discrimination against Native Americans, African Americans, Asians, Latin Americans, women, the homeless, practitioners of minority religions, and other groups since the independence of the country.

Minority religion
A minority religion is a religion held by a minority of the population of state or which is otherwise politically marginalized. Minority religions may be subject to stigma or discrimination. An example of a stigma is using the term cult with its extremely negative connotations for certain new religious movements. People who belong to a minority religion may be subject to discrimination and prejudice, especially when the religious differences correlate with ethnic differences.

Laws are made in some countries to protect the rights of religious minorities, such as protecting the minorities' culture and to promote harmony with the majority.
Johannes Hofer
Johannes Hofer (born 3 August 1983) is an Italian luger who has competed since 2002. A natural track luger, he won two medals at the 2005 FIL World Luge Natural Track Championships in Latsch, Italy with a silver in the men's doubles and a bronze in the mixed team events.

Latsch
Latsch (German pronunciation: [latʃ]; Italian: Laces [ˈlaːtʃes]) is a comune (municipality) and a village in the province of South Tyrol in northern Italy, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northwest of the city of Bolzano.
Bombardment of Qui Nhơn
The bombardment of Qui Nhơn in 1861 was an attack by a United States Navy warship upon a Vietnamese-held fort protecting Qui Nhơn on the south central coast of Vietnam (modern-day Binh Dinh Province). United States forces under James F. Schenck went to southern Vietnam to search for missing American citizens but were met with cannon fire upon arriving. In response to the attack the American warship bombarded the fort until it was reduced. The incident occurred during French and Spanish conquest of southern Vietnam.

Bình Định province
Bình Định was formerly a northern coastal province in the South Central Coast region, the Central of Vietnam. It borders Quảng Ngãi to the north, Phú Yên to the south, Gia Lai to the west and the South China Sea to the east.

Bình Định province has an area of 6,066.40 km2 (2,342.25 mi2), comprising 11 district-level sub-divisions, with a population of over 1.5 million people as of 2023. The province is known for its scenery and beaches. There are also a number of Cham structures. Majority of the province is covered by mountains or hills. Its capital Quy Nhon served as the capital of the historic Tây Sơn dynasty. Economically the province has the most productive primary sector in the South Central Coast region, mostly because of its large output of rice, coconuts and its strong livestock, forestry and fishing sectors.

On June 12, 2025, Bình Định was incorporated into Gia Lai province.
Praggion railway station
Praggion railway station (Greek: Σιδηροδρομική Στάση Πραγγίον, romanized: Sidirodromiki stasi Praggion) is a small unstaffed
railway station that serves the village of Praggion, Evros, in Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, Greece. Located southwest of the settlement, Today Hellenic Train operates just two daily regional trains to Alexandroupoli and Ormenio.

Eastern Macedonia and Thrace
Eastern Macedonia and Thrace (/ˌmæsəˈdoʊniə/ MASS-ə-DOH-nee-ə; Greek: Ανατολική Μακεδονία και Θράκη, romanized: Anatolikí Makedonía ke Thráki, [anatoliˈci maceðoˈnia ce ˈθraci]) is one of the thirteen administrative regions of Greece. It consists of the northeastern parts of the country, comprising the eastern part of the region of Macedonia along with the region of Western Thrace, and the islands of Thasos and Samothrace.
New World Records
New World Records is a record label that was established in 1975 through a Rockefeller Foundation grant to celebrate America's bicentennial (1976) by producing a 100-LP anthology, with American music from many genres.

In addition to this project, after 1978 New World produced new jazz by Roy Eldridge, Ricky Ford, Earl Hines, Steve Kuhn, Jay McShann, Jimmy Rushing, Buddy Tate, and Cecil Taylor.

New World has released over 400 albums by a variety of artists with diverse musical backgrounds, including jazz, classical music, experimental, popular song, and traditional music. Notable releases in the label's catalogue include the Grammy Award-winning releases of Samuel Barber's opera Antony and Cleopatra in 1984; Leonard Bernstein's operetta Candide in 1986; and Ned Rorem's String Symphony/Sunday Morning/Eagles in 1989.

New World's CRI and CRL catalog was transferred to the digital domain by George Blood Audio and Video of Philadelphia from 2006 to 2010.

Cecil Taylor
Cecil Percival Taylor (March 25, 1929 – April 5, 2018) was an American pianist and poet.

Taylor was classically trained and was one of the pioneers of free jazz. His music is characterized by an energetic, physical approach, resulting in complex improvisation often involving tone clusters and intricate polyrhythms. His technique has been compared to percussion. Referring to the number of keys on a standard piano, Val Wilmer used the phrase "eighty-eight tuned drums" to describe Taylor's style. He has been referred to as "Art Tatum with contemporary-classical leanings".
Nadia Benbouta
Nadia Benbouta (born 21 January 1970) is an Algerian artist who lives and works in Paris. She uses photographs and images from her travels, combining them with culture and decorative motifs to create visual contrasts

Algerians
Algerians (Arabic: الجزائريون, romanized: al-Jazāʾiriyyūn, pronounced [al‿dʒaˈzaːʔirijˌjuːn]) are the citizens and nationals of the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria. The majority of the country's population is composed of Arabs who make up 85% of the population, and there is a Berber minority of 15%. The term also applies more broadly to any people who are of Algerian nationality, sharing a common culture and identity, as well as those who natively speak Algerian Arabic or other languages of Algeria.

In addition to the approximately 46 million residents of Algeria, there is a large Algerian diaspora as part of the wider Arab diaspora. Considerable Algerian populations can be found in France, Belgium, Spain, Italy, and the United Kingdom; with smaller notable concentrations in other Arab states as well as non-Arab countries such as the United States, and Canada.
Svetlana Tsydikova
Svetlana Tsidikova (born 4 February 1985) is a Russian former football midfielder. She previously played for Nadezhda Noginsk, WFC Rossiyanka, FC Khimki and Energiya Voronezh, also playing the European Cup with Rossiyanka.

She has been a member of the Russian national team, taking part in the 2009 European Championship. As an under-19 international she played the 2004 U-19 World Championship.

UEFA Women's Euro 2009
The 2009 UEFA Women's Championship, often known as the 2009 Women's Euros or just the 2009 Euros, was played in Finland between 23 August and 10 September 2009. The host was appointed on 11 July 2006, in a UEFA Executive Committee meeting in Berlin and the Finnish proposal won over the Dutch proposal.

The UEFA Women's Championship is a regular tournament involving European national teams from countries affiliated to UEFA, the European governing body, who have qualified for the competition. The competition aims to determine which national women's team is the best in Europe.

The 2009 tournament was won by Germany for a fifth straight and record-extending seventh time in total. They beat England, appearing in their first final since 1984, 6–2 in the final. The Germans also boasted the tournament's leading goalscorer in Inka Grings.

Iceland, Netherlands and Ukraine made their debut.
Donald Arthur Hatch
Donald Arthur Hatch (May 20, 1930 – September 24, 2020) was a Canadian agrologist, aviator, writer, and humanist lecturer, born in Guelph, Ontario, Canada. He was the author of numerous scholarly articles published in various Canadian journals. He was also the author of a thought-provoking work on philosophy and religion entitled The Road Not Travelled: How the Democracy, Science and Humanism of the Greeks Was Suppressed by the Early Christian Church and How That Obstructed the Progress of Humanity. The thoughts expressed therein are generally consonant with the credo of Humanist Canada, and other humanist associations around the world.

Humanist Manifesto
Humanist Manifesto is the title of three manifestos laying out a humanist worldview. They are the original A Humanist Manifesto (1933, often referred to as Humanist Manifesto I), the Humanist Manifesto II (1973), and Humanism and Its Aspirations: Humanist Manifesto III (2003). The original manifesto originally arose from religious humanism, though secular humanists also signed.

The central theme of all three manifestos is the elaboration of a philosophy and value system which does not necessarily include belief in any personal deity or "higher power", although the three differ considerably in their tone, form, and ambition. Each has been signed at its launch by various prominent members of academia and others who are in general agreement with its principles.
INS Aditya
INS Aditya (A59) is an Aditya-class replenishment and repair ship in service with the Indian Navy. The ship was launched on 15 November 1993 and commissioned on 3 April 2000.

Aditya is a fully air-conditioned and lengthened version of the original Deepak class, but with a multipurpose workshop and with four replenishment at sea (RAS) stations alongside. The ship was built at Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers (GRSE). Building progress was very slow and the ship was plagued by propulsion problems, during her sea trials in September 1999.

Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers
Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers Ltd, abbreviated as GRSE, is an Indian defence shipyard, located in Kolkata. It builds and repairs commercial and naval vessels. GRSE also exports the ships that the company builds.

Founded in 1884 as a small privately owned company on the eastern bank of the Hooghly River, it was renamed as Garden Reach Workshop in 1916. GRSE was nationalised by the Government of India in 1960. The company was awarded the Miniratna public sector undertaking status, with accompanying financial and operational autonomy in September 2006. GRSE is the first Indian shipyard to build 100 warships.

In January 2026, the Department of Defence Production, Ministry of Defence, forwarded a proposal to the Department of Public Enterprises (DPE), Ministry of Finance, seeking an upgrad of GRSE's PSU status to Navratna. The proposal was approved by an inter-ministerial committee in the second week of February and would be placed before an apex committee for final approval.
Herb Souell
Herbert Souell (February 5, 1913 – July 12, 1978) was an American baseball third baseman in the Negro leagues. He played from 1940 to 1950 with the Kansas City Monarchs. He also played in the minor leagues in the Western International League and Arizona–Texas League in 1952. He played for the Spokane Indians, Tucson Cowboys, and the Chihuahua Dorados.

Western International League
The Western International League was a mid- to higher-level minor league baseball circuit in the Pacific Northwest United States and western Canada that operated in 1922, 1937 to 1942, and 1946 to 1954. In 1955, the Western International League evolved to become the Northwest League, which is still playing today.
Fowler, British Columbia
Fowler is a locality on the west side of the lower Stikine River in northwestern British Columbia, Canada, located in the vicinity of the Great Glacier and Choquette Hot Springs Provincial Park.  Fowler Creek lies opposite it across the Stikine.

BC Geographical Names
The BC Geographical Names (formerly BC Geographical Names Information System or BCGNIS) is a geographic name web service and database for the Canadian province of British Columbia run by the Base Mapping and Geomatic Services Branch of the Integrated Land Management Bureau. BCGNIS is the master database of British Columbia place names. The database contains approximately 50,000 current and former official names and spellings of towns, mountains, rivers, lakes, and other geographic places in British Columbia. About 50% of the names have brief notes about the history of the geographic names, and their use in history.
2016 6 Hours of The Glen
The 2016 Sahlen's Six Hours of The Glen was a sports car race sanctioned by the International Motor Sports Association (IMSA). The race was held at Watkins Glen International in Watkins Glen, New York on the July 3, 2016. This race was the sixth round of the 2016 IMSA SportsCar Championship.

Renger van der Zande
Renger Adriaan van der Zande (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈrɛŋər vɑn dər ˈzɑndə]; born 16 February 1986) is a Dutch racing driver who currently competes for Acura Meyer Shank Racing in the 2025 IMSA SportsCar Championship and for United Autosports in the 2025 24 Hours of Le Mans. He is the son of the 1978 National Dutch Rallycross Champion Ronald van der Zande. In 2016, van der Zande won his first major sports car championship with co-driver Alex Popow and Starworks Motorsport in the WeatherTech SportsCar Championship PC Class. He resides in Amsterdam with his partner Carlijn and their daughter.
SPT-320
SPT-320, also formerly known as LYT-320, is a prodrug of agomelatine which is under development for the treatment of mood and anxiety disorders, for instance generalized anxiety disorder.

As an agomelatine prodrug, it acts as a melatonin receptor agonist and as a serotonin 5-HT2B and 5-HT2C receptor antagonist. The drug is taken by mouth and is said to bypass first-pass hepatic metabolism.

As of December 2023, SPT-320 is in the preclinical research phase of development. It is under development by Seaport Therapeutics and is being developed towards approval in the United States. The chemical structure of SPT-320 does not yet appear to have been disclosed.

5-HT2C receptor
The 5-HT2C receptor is a subtype of the 5-HT2 receptor that binds the endogenous neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT). Like all 5-HT2 receptors, it is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that is coupled to Gq/G11 and mediates excitatory neurotransmission. HTR2C denotes the human gene encoding for the receptor, that in humans is located on the X chromosome. As males have one copy of the gene and females have one of the two copies of the gene repressed, polymorphisms at this receptor can affect the two sexes to differing extent.
Dick Weber (American football)
Richard Wilfred Weber (April 10, 1919 – November 19, 1991) was an American football player.

Weber was born in Lawrence, Massachusetts. He attended Lawrence High School.

Weber then attended Saint Louis University in St. Louis. He played college football for the Saint Louis Bililkens from 1938 to 1941. During World War II, he served in the Army from 1942 to 1945. He also starred on the 1945 Fort Benning Doughboys football team. He also played for Fort Benning's basketball and baseball team's before being discharged in October 1945.

After his discharge, Weber played professional football in the National Football League (NFL) as a halfback for the Detroit Lions. He played for the Lions in the final three games of the 1945 season. He also played in 1946 at quarterback for the Paterson Panthers of the American Football League.

Weber died in 1991 at Salem, New Hampshire.

Saint Louis Billikens football
The Saint Louis Billikens football team represented Saint Louis University in the sport of college football. The university fielded an intercollegiate squad from 1899 to 1949, going undefeated in 1901, 1904 and 1906. The final home game for the Billikens was on November 24, 1949, a 35–0 loss against Houston. Saint Louis finished the 1949 season with a 2–6–1 record. St. Louis competed at the club level during the late 1960s and early 1970s.

Although the school no longer has a football team, they made a lasting mark on the sport as the 1906 team, coached by Eddie Cochems, threw the first legal forward pass in college football history, Bradbury Robinson to Jack Schneider on September 5, 1906, vs. Carroll College at Waukesha, Wisconsin.
Kinetic-segregation model of T cell activation
Kinetic-segregation is a model proposed for the mechanism of T-cell receptor (TCR) triggering. It offers an explanation for how TCR binding to its ligand triggers T-cell activation, based on size-sensitivity for the molecules involved. Simon J. Davis and Anton van der Merwe, University of Oxford, proposed this model in 1996. 
According to the model, TCR signalling is initiated by segregation of phosphatases with large extracellular domains from the TCR complex when binding to its ligand, allowing small kinases to phosphorylate intracellular domains of the TCR without inhibition. Its might also be applicable to other receptors of the Non-catalytic tyrosine-phosphorylated receptors family such as CD28.

Kinase
In biochemistry, a kinase (/ˈkaɪneɪs, ˈkɪneɪs, -eɪz/) is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of phosphate groups to substrates. This process is known as phosphorylation.  Typically ATP is the phosphate donor. Kinases are pervasive, the human genome codes for about 500 of these enzymes.

Kinases are part of the larger family of phosphotransferases. Kinases should not be confused with phosphorylases, which catalyze the addition of inorganic phosphate groups to an acceptor, nor with phosphatases, which remove phosphate groups (dephosphorylation). The phosphorylation state of a molecule, whether it be a protein, lipid or carbohydrate, can affect its activity, reactivity and its ability to bind other molecules. Therefore, kinases are critical in metabolism, cell signalling, protein regulation, cellular transport, secretory processes and many other cellular pathways, which makes them very important to physiology.
Elektriciteits Produktiemaatschappij Zuid-Nederland
The 'Elektriciteits Produktiemaatschappij Zuid-Nederland (EPZ), or Electricity Production Company South-Netherlands is the operator of the coal- and nuclear power plants located in Borssele in the Netherlands. Borssele nuclear power plant is the only operational nuclear power plant in the Netherlands. EPZ is 70% owned by Delta and 30% owned by Energy Resources Holding (ERH). ERH was property of several local governments in the Netherlands, but was acquired in 2011 by RWE as part of the deal to take over the Dutch energy company Essent.

Borssele Nuclear Power Station
The Borssele Nuclear Power Station (Kerncentrale Borssele) is a nuclear power plant near the Dutch town of Borssele. It has a pressurised water reactor (PWR). Borssele is the only nuclear power plant still operational for electricity production in the Netherlands. Its net output is 485 MWe.
Irwin Barracks
Irwin Barracks is an Australian Army military base located in Karrakatta, a suburb of Perth, Western Australia. It occupies a 62-hectare (150-acre) site on the western side of the Fremantle railway line.

It was previously known as Karrakatta Camp and Irwin Training Centre.

Military base
A military base is a facility directly owned and operated by or for the military or one of its branches that shelters military equipment and personnel, and facilitates training and operations. A military base always provides accommodations for one or more units, but it may also be used as a command center, training ground or proving ground. In most cases, military bases rely on outside help to operate. However, certain complex bases are able to endure on their own for long periods because they are able to provide food, drinking water, and other necessities for their inhabitants while under siege. Bases for military aviation are called air bases. Bases for military ships are called naval bases.
Keegan DeWitt
Keegan DeWitt (born April 8, 1982) is an American film composer, singer-songwriter, and actor. He was raised in Oregon and now resides in Los Angeles. He is the lead singer of the indie rock band Wild Cub, as well as a composer for film scores.

Cold Weather
Cold Weather is a 2010 American mystery film directed by Aaron Katz and written by Katz, Brendan McFadden, and Ben Stambler. The film stars Cris Lankenau as a former forensic science student investigating the disappearance of his ex-girlfriend. The film was shot and set in Portland, Oregon. Cold Weather premiered at the South by Southwest Film Festival in March 2010 and was released in the United States by IFC Films in February 2011.
Asghari
Asghari is a town of Sahiwal District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. It is located at 30°28'0N 72°36'0E with an altitude of 155 metres (511 feet). Neighbouring settlements include Sikhanwala and Shujabad.

Shujabad
Shujabad  (Urdu: شُجاع آباد) is a city and the capital of Shujabad Tehsil of Multan District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. It is located 45 km (28 mi) in south off Multan. Chenab River flows in the west of the city. Neighbouring settlements include Jalalpur Pirwala, Multan and Lodhran.
Covenham Priory
Covenham Priory was a priory  in Covenham St Bartholomew, Lincolnshire, England.

The manor, which formed the endowment of the priory of Covenham, was granted in 1082 by William the Conqueror to the abbot and convent of Saint Calais, Le Mans, at the request of the Bishop of Durham a former a monk of that abbey. A small Benedictine priory was built soon after, but it is probable that there were never more than two monks, or perhaps only one to take charge of the estate. By 1303 the cell had become so unprofitable it was sold to the abbot and convent of Kirkstead.

Diocese of Durham
The diocese of Durham is a diocese of the Church of England in North East England. The boundaries of the diocese are the historic boundaries of County Durham, meaning it includes the part of Tyne and Wear south of the River Tyne and contemporary County Durham north of the River Tees. It contains 249 parishes and 292 churches. Durham Cathedral is the seat of the bishop of Durham, and the diocesan offices are located just outside the city at Stonebridge. The bishop lives in Bishop Auckland and has offices in Auckland Castle.

The diocese is the successor to the diocese of Lindisfarne, founded in 635, which moved its seat to Chester-le-Street in 882 and subsequently moved again to Durham in 995. Most of Northumberland and the part of Tyne and Wear north of the Tyne were part of the diocese until 1882, when the diocese of Newcastle was created.