hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tobacco water
Tobacco water, tobacco juice, tobacco dust juice, or tobacco lime is a traditional organic insecticide used in domestic gardening. In The English Physician Enlarged of 1681, Nicholas Culpeper recommended tobacco juice to kill lice on children's heads, referencing it as an insecticide poison. Farmers have been using nicotine sulfate insecticide since the early 19th century.

Tobacco water is produced by boiling strong tobacco in water, or by steeping the tobacco in water for a longer period. When cool, the mixture can be applied with a spray, or 'painted' on to the leaves of garden plants, where it will prove deadly to insects.

Tobacco dust juice has a similar use but is produced by mixing water with tobacco dust and black pepper.

Basque angulero fishermen kill immature eels (elvers) in an infusion of tobacco leaves before parboiling them in salty water for transportation to market as angulas, a seasonal delicacy.

Insecticide
Insecticides are pesticides used to kill insects. They include ovicides and larvicides used against insect eggs and larvae, respectively. The major use of insecticides is in agriculture, but they are also used in home and garden settings, industrial buildings, for vector control, and control of insect parasites of animals and humans.

Acaricides, which kill mites and ticks, are not strictly insecticides, but are usually classified together with insecticides. Some insecticides (including common bug sprays) are effective against other non-insect arthropods as well, such as scorpions, spiders, etc. Insecticides are distinct from insect repellents, which repel but do not kill.
Long Island Jewish Valley Stream
Long Island Jewish Valley Stream (often abbreviated as LIJVS or simply called LIJ Valley Stream and was historically known as Franklin Hospital, Franklin Hospital Medical Center, and Franklin General Hospital), is a short term acute care hospital located in North Valley Stream, New York. The hospital has 337 beds and is affiliated the Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell. The hospital is a member of Northwell Health.

North Valley Stream, New York
North Valley Stream is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in the Town of Hempstead in Nassau County, on Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 18,197 at the time of the 2020 census.
Wolf's Clothing (play)
Wolf's Clothing is a comedy play by the British writer Kenneth Horne.

It premiered at the New Theatre in Bromley in 1958, and the following year enjoyed a run of 61 performances at the Strand Theatre in London's West End. The cast included Derek Farr, Muriel Pavlow, Ronald Adam, Patrick Cargill, Angela Browne, Elspet Gray and Viola Lyel.

Bromley
Bromley is a large town in Greater London, England, within the London Borough of Bromley. It is 9+1⁄2 miles (15 kilometres) southeast of Charing Cross, and had an estimated population of 88,000 as of 2023.

Originally part of Kent, Bromley became a market town, chartered in 1158. Its location on a coaching route and the opening of a railway station in 1858 were key to its development and the shift from an agrarian village to an urban town. As part of the growth of London's conurbation in the 20th century, Bromley Town significantly increased in population and was incorporated as a municipal borough in 1903 and became part of the London Borough of Bromley in 1965. Bromley today forms a major retail and commercial centre. It is identified in the London Plan as one of the 13 metropolitan centres of Greater London.
Banswara
Banswara is a city in the Banswara district in southern Rajasthan, India. The name, Banswara, came from king 'Bansiya Bhil'.

Banswara is also known as "City of a Hundred Islands", "The Green City", which is often referred to as "Cherrapunji of Rajasthan", because it receives the most rain in Rajasthan, as well as for the numerous islands in the Mahi River, often referred to as "Mahati", an alternate name for Mahi River, in Vayu Purana text, which flows through the city. Banswara district located Southernmost district in Rajasthan. The city has a population of 101,017, of whom 51,585 are male and 49,432 are female.

Aravalli Range
The Aravalli Range (also spelled Aravali) is a mountain range in north-western India. running approximately 670 km (420 mi) in a south-west direction, starting near Delhi, passing through southern Haryana and Rajasthan, and ending in Ahmedabad, Gujarat. The highest peak is Guru Shikhar in Mount Abu, Rajasthan at 1,722 m (5,650 ft). The Aravalli Range is the oldest fold-mountain belt in India, dating back to the Paleoproterozoic era.
France Université Numérique
France université numérique (FUN) is the French national platform to promote the use of massive open online courses (MOOCs).

The portal is supported by the American open edX open source platform, and supported by Google since September 2013. The audiovisual content is hosted on OVH servers.

At its launch, the platform was endowed by the government, a budget of eight million euros.

OVHcloud
OVHcloud, legally OVH Groupe SA, is a French cloud computing company which offers VPS, dedicated servers, and other web services. The company was founded in 1999 by the Klaba family and is headquartered in Roubaix, France. In 2019 OVH adopted OVHcloud as its public brand name.
Holly Cottage (Luss)
Holly Cottage is a building in Luss, Argyll and Bute, Scotland. It is a Category B listed structure dating from the early-to-mid 19th century.

The building, a single-storey cottage located on Pier Road, is constructed of rubble with ashlar margins and dressings. It possesses timber sash and case windows and low sandstone chimney stacks with moulded projecting.

The building is shown on the first-edition Ordnance Survey map, surveyed in 1864. Its construction is similar to the neighbouring Alderdale, and it has similar glazing to South Cottage at Low Aldochlay.

Pier Road
Pier Road is a street in Luss, Argyll and Bute, Scotland. Located on Loch Lomond's western shore, the road, which is on an east–west alignment, consists of around twenty buildings, many of which are listed cottages dating from the 19th century.

The building closest to the Luss Pier, at the head of Pier Road, is a whitewashed cottage that is currently the home of Highland Art Studios.

The building housing Luss General Store is a Category C listed building dating to the early or mid-19th century.

Opposite the western end of the road is the Loch Lomond Arms Hotel (formerly the Colquhoun Arms Hotel). The property was purchased by Luss Estates in 2012.
Basterna
A basterna was a kind of vehicle, or litter, in which Ancient Roman women were carried. It appears to have resembled the lectica; and the only difference apparently was, that the lectica was carried on the shoulders of slaves, and the basterna by two mules, according to Isaac Casaubon. Several etymologies of the word have been proposed. Salmasius proposes it to be derived from the Greek βαστάζω (Salm. ad Lamprid. Heliog. 21).
Cassius Dio links it to the people known as the Bastarnae, living in what is now southern Ukraine.. A description of a basterna is given by a poet in the Anth. Lat. iii. 183.

Others call it a kind of chariot, and say it was drawn by oxen to go more gently. Gregory de Tours gives an instance of it being carried by wild bulls.

The interior was called cavea, 'cage'; and it had soft cushions or beds. The mode of basterna's passed from Italy into Gaul, and then into other countries. Modern coach or stagecoach transportation has its origins in the basterna.

Gregory of Tours
Gregory of Tours (born Georgius Florentius; 30 November c. 538 – 17 November 594 AD) was a Gallo-Roman historian and Bishop of Tours during the Merovingian period and is known as the "father of French history". He was a prelate in the Merovingian kingdom, encompassing Gaul's historic region.

Gregory's most notable work is the Decem Libri Historiarum ('Ten Books of Histories'), also known as the Historia Francorum ('History of the Franks'). Decem Libri Historiarum is considered a primary source for the study of Merovingian history and chronicles the accounts of the Franks during the period. Gregory is also known for documenting accounts of religious figures, notably that of Martin of Tours.
Central Lakes Conference
The Central Lakes Conference is a former high school athletic conference in central Wisconsin. Founded in 1951 and dissolved in 1962, the conference and its member schools were affiliated with the Wisconsin Interscholastic Athletic Association.

Athletic conference
An athletic conference is a collection of sports teams which play competitively against each other in a sports league. In many cases conferences are subdivided into smaller divisions, with the best teams competing at successively higher levels. Conferences often, but not always, include teams from a common geographic region.
University of New Mexico Hospital
The University of New Mexico Hospital (locally known as either University Hospital, UNM Hospital, or shortened to UNMH) is a public teaching hospital located in Albuquerque, New Mexico, immediately north of the main campus of the University of New Mexico. The hospital is New Mexico's only Level I trauma center, houses its only burn unit as well as its first comprehensive stroke center.  In addition, UNMH also contains the only children's hospital in New Mexico, and is the state's sole source of 13 pediatric sub-specialties.  As a safety net hospital, UNMH serves a large percentage of the uninsured and under-insured population of the state.  The hospital is the main teaching facility for the University of New Mexico School of Medicine.

Teaching hospital
A teaching hospital or university hospital is a hospital or medical center that provides medical education and training to future and current health professionals. Teaching hospitals are almost always affiliated with one or more universities and are often co-located with medical schools.

Teaching hospitals use a residency program to educate qualified physicians, podiatrists, dentists, and pharmacists who are receiving training after attaining the degree of MD, DO, DPM, DDS, DMD, PharmD, BDS, BDent, MBBS, MBChB, or BMed. Those that attend a teaching hospital or clinic practice medicine under the direct or indirect supervision of a senior medical clinician registered in that specialty, such as an attending physician or consultant. The purpose of these residency programs is to create an environment where new doctors can learn to practice medicine in a safe setting which is supervised by physicians that provide both oversight and education.
Face-pic
Face-pic was a social networking website which at one time had almost 2.5 million subscribers, and drew a large number of its users from the 16–24 age range in the United Kingdom. The website was created by friends Dave Ames and Mark Bruce in Stevenage in December 1999; a second version of the site followed in November 2001. The website eventually fell into financial difficulties and was bought by Symbios Group in October 2008 as part of a bid to build a social networking userbase with other social sites, including ProfileHeaven.com and Faces.com, to be relaunched under the Faces brand giving the company around 1.5 million members. Some of the original user base transferred to Faces.com, which is relaunching as a free dating site.

Stevenage
Stevenage (/ˈstiːvənɪdʒ/ STEE-vən-ij) is a town and borough in Hertfordshire, England, about 28 miles (45 km) north of London. Stevenage is east of junctions 7 and 8 of the A1(M), between Letchworth Garden City to the north and Welwyn Garden City to the south. In 1946, Stevenage was designated the United Kingdom's first New Town under the New Towns Act. In 2021 it had a population of 94,456.
Alejandro Páez Aragón
Alejandro Alberto Carlos Páez y Aragón is a Mexican politician affiliated with the National Action Party (PAN).

Páez is a graduate of Stanford Graduate School of Business. He served as municipal president (mayor) of San Pedro Garza García from 2003 to 2006. In August 2006 Governor Natividad González designated Páez as Secretary of Economic Development but took office until November 2006.

Stanford Graduate School of Business
The Stanford Graduate School of Business  is the graduate business school of Stanford University, a private research university in Stanford, California. For several years it has been the most selective business school in the United States, admitting only about 6% of applicants. It is part of the M7 group of business schools recognized as having strong MBA programs, that are often highly-ranked in US MBA rankings.

Stanford GSB offers a general management Master of Business Administration (MBA) degree, the MSx Program (MS in Management for mid-career executives), Stanford LEAD Online Business Program and a PhD program, along with joint degrees with other schools at Stanford, including Earth Sciences, Education, Engineering, Law, and Medicine.
The Fantasies of Robert A. Heinlein
The Fantasies of Robert A. Heinlein is a collection of science fantasy short stories by American  writer Robert A. Heinlein.

The contents of the book are exactly two previous collections of Heinlein's short stories: Waldo & Magic, Inc. (1950) and The Unpleasant Profession of Jonathan Hoag (1959), here arranged chronologically in order of publication:

"Magic, Inc." (1940)

""—And He Built a Crooked House—"" (1941)

"They" (1941)

"Waldo" (1942)

"The Unpleasant Profession of Jonathan Hoag" (1942)

"Our Fair City" (1948)

"The Man Who Traveled in Elephants" (1957)

"All You Zombies—" (1959)

The hardcover version has 320 pages and was published by Tor Books on November 15, 1999. The paperback version (from the same publisher) has 352 pages and was published on May 17, 2002.

'—All You Zombies—'
" '—All You Zombies—' " is a science fiction short story by American writer Robert A. Heinlein.  It was written in one day, July 11, 1958, and first published in the March 1959 issue of The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction after being rejected by Playboy.

The story involves a number of paradoxes caused by time travel. In 1980, it was nominated for the Balrog Award for short fiction.

"'—All You Zombies—'" further develops themes explored by the author in a previous work:  "By His Bootstraps", published some 18 years earlier.  Some of the same elements also appear later in The Cat Who Walks Through Walls (1985), including the Circle of Ouroboros and the Temporal Corps.

The unusual title of the story, which includes both the quotation marks and dashes shown above, is a quotation from a sentence near the end of the story; the quotation is taken from the middle of the sentence, hence the dashes indicating elided text before and after the title.
Charlotte Harland Scott
Charlotte Harland Scott (born 13 November 1963) is a British-born Zambian economic and social development specialist who served as the First Lady of Zambia from October 2014 to January 2015 during the tenure of her husband, interim President Guy Scott. She had previously served as the Chief of Social Policy and Economic Analysis, Planning Monitoring and Evaluation for UNICEF Zambia from 2007 until 2012. In 2016, Scott contested the Lusaka Central seat in the National Assembly during the general election.

National Assembly of Zambia
The National Assembly is Zambia's unicameral legislative body. Between 1972 and 1990, Zambia was a one-party state with the United National Independence Party (UNIP) as the sole legal party.

The current National Assembly, formed following elections held in 2021, has a total of 166 members. 156 members are directly elected in single-member constituencies using the simple plurality (or first-past-the-post) system. Eight additional seats are filled through presidential appointment. The Speaker, first deputy speaker and the Vice President are also granted a seat in the assembly.
Amphidamas (king of Chalcis)
Amphidamas[(/æmˈfɪdəməs/] (Greek: Ἀμφιδάμας) was the name of a historical king of Chalcis, who died about 730 BC after the Lelantine War; whose burial ceremony is associated with the poetic agon is mentioned by Hesiod.

Hesiod
Hesiod (/ˈhiːsiəd/ HEE-see-əd or /ˈhɛsiəd/ HEH-see-əd; Ancient Greek: Ἡσίοδος Hēsíodos; fl. c. 700 BC) was an Ancient Greek poet generally thought to have been active between 750 and 650 BC, around the same time as Homer.

Several of Hesiod's works have survived in their entirety. Among these are Theogony, which tells the origins of the gods, their lineages, and the events that led to Zeus's rise to power, and Works and Days, a poem that describes the five Ages of Man, offers advice and wisdom, and includes myths such as Pandora's box.

Hesiod is generally regarded by Western authors as 'the first written poet in the Western tradition to regard himself as an individual persona with an active role to play in his subject.' Ancient authors credited Hesiod and Homer with establishing Greek religious customs. Modern scholars refer to him as a major source on Greek mythology, farming techniques, early economic thought, Archaic Greek astronomy, cosmology, and ancient time-keeping.
South African cricket team in Pakistan in 2025–26
The South Africa cricket team toured Pakistan in October and November 2025 to play the Pakistan cricket team. The tour consisted of two Test, three One Day International (ODI) and three Twenty20 Internationals (T20I) matches. The Test series formed part of the 2025–2027 ICC World Test Championship. In September 2025, the Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB) confirmed the fixtures for the tour.

Rubin Hermann
Rubin Andrew Hermann (born 26 January 1997) is a South African cricketer. He made his List A debut for Northerns in the 2016–17 CSA Provincial One-Day Challenge on 26 March 2017, scoring a century. He made his Twenty20 debut for Northerns in the 2017 Africa T20 Cup on 2 September 2017. He made his first-class debut for Northerns in the 2017–18 Sunfoil 3-Day Cup on 23 November 2017.
Annette Steyn
Annette Steyn (born 2 June 1969) is a South African retired politician, formerly a Member of the National Assembly for the official opposition Democratic Alliance (DA). Steyn was first elected to Parliament in 2009 and served in the Shadow Cabinet in various positions. She was also at one stage the DA Eastern Cape Provincial Chairperson.

Parliament of South Africa
The Parliament of the Republic of South Africa is South Africa's legislature. It is located in Cape Town; the country's legislative capital.

Under the present Constitution of South Africa, the bicameral Parliament comprises a National Assembly and a National Council of Provinces. The current twenty-eighth Parliament was first convened on 14 June 2024.

From 1910 to 1994, members of Parliament were elected chiefly by the South African white minority.  The first elections with universal suffrage were held in 1994.

Both chambers held their meetings in the Houses of Parliament, Cape Town that were built 1875–1884. A fire broke out within the buildings in early January 2022, destroying the session room of the National Assembly. It was decided that, during construction work at Parliament, the National Assembly would temporarily meet at the Good Hope Chamber.
Winifred Smeaton Thomas
Winifred Smeaton Thomas (April 21, 1903 - May 18, 1987) was an anthropologist focused on Near and Middle East cultures. Thomas is well known for studying magic and tattooing practices among Arab women during her fieldwork in Iraq from 1932 to 1935. Thomas also served as a physical anthropologist for the Field Museum on an anthropological expedition to the Near East collecting anthropomorphic data and conducting anthropometry research.

Biological anthropology
Biological anthropology, also known as physical anthropology, is a natural science discipline concerned with the biological and behavioral aspects of human beings, their extinct hominin ancestors, and related non-human primates, particularly from an evolutionary perspective. This subfield of anthropology systematically studies human beings from a biological perspective.
George Cosmovici
George Cosmovici (1857–1920) was a Romanian mechanical engineer and inventor who between 1901–1920 was director of the service and traction workshop at Căile Ferate Române. He was the initiator of the European research on the dimensions of outbreaks and apparatus for burning heavy fuel oils. He built a model of original spray of fuel oil, used in locomotive outbreaks. In 1906 he invented the oiling box that continues to oil the railcar wheels, invention that was adapted to the Romanian Railways and rail network to other countries in Europe.

Disease outbreak
In epidemiology, an outbreak is a sudden increase in occurrences of a disease when cases are in excess of normal expectancy for the location or season. It may affect a small and localized group or impact upon thousands of people across an entire continent. The number of cases varies according to the disease-causing agent, and the size and type of previous and existing exposure to the agent. Outbreaks include many epidemics, which is a term normally only used for infectious diseases, as well as diseases with an environmental origin, such as a water or foodborne disease.  They may affect a region in a country or a group of countries. Pandemics are near-global disease outbreaks when multiple and various countries around the Earth are soon infected.
Miss Centre-Val de Loire
Miss Centre-Val de Loire is a French beauty pageant which selects a representative for the Miss France national competition from the region of Centre-Val de Loire. Women representing the region under various titles have competed at Miss France since 1928, although the Miss Centre-Val de Loire title was not used regularly until 2015.

The current Miss Centre-Val de Loire is Anna Valero, who was crowned Miss Centre-Val de Loire 2025 on 6 July 2025. One woman from Centre-Val de Loire has been crowned Miss France:

Flora Coquerel, who was crowned Miss France 2014, competing as Miss Orléanais

Cher (department)
Cher (/ʃɛər/ SHAIR; French: [ʃɛʁ] ⓘ; Berrichon: Char) is a department in central France, part of the Centre-Val de Loire region. Named after the river Cher, its prefecture is Bourges. In 2019, it had a population of 302,306.
Norman H. Purple
Norman Higgins Purple (March 29, 1803 – August 9, 1863) was an American jurist.

Born in Exeter, Otsego County, New York, Purple studied law in Tioga and Wayne Counties, Pennsylvania and was admitted to the Pennsylvania bar in 1830. In 1837, Purple moved to Peoria, Illinois and practiced law. From 1840 to 1842, Purple served as state's attorney. In 1844, Purple was a presidential elector on the Democratic ticket for the United States Presidential Election of 1844. From 1845 until 1848, Purple served on the Illinois Supreme Court. He resigned in 1848 when the Illinois Constitution of 1848 was adopted. Purple continued to practice law in Peoria, Illinois and published several works on law, including the Illinois real-estate statutes. He served on the Illinois Constitutional Convention of 1862. Purple died in Chicago, Illinois.

Exeter, New York
Exeter is a town in Otsego County, New York, United States. The town is located in the northern part of the county. The population was 987 at the 2010 census. It is named after the county town and cathedral city of Exeter in England.