hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Lawn (Nokesville, Virginia)
The Lawn is a historic home and national historic district located near Nokesville, Prince William County, Virginia. The main house was built in 1926 to replace the original Gothic Revival style dwelling that burned in a fire in 1921. It is a two-story, three-bay, Tudor Revival style, stuccoed dwelling. The house features half-timber framing and a complex cross gable roof. Attached to the house is a brick kitchen wing that survived from the original house. Also included in the district are a board-and-batten schoolhouse, barn, smokehouse, overseer's cottage, privy, stone dairy, and stone root cellar.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

Batten
A batten is most commonly a strip of solid material, historically  wood but can also be of plastic, metal, or fiberglass.  Battens are variously used in construction, sailing, and other fields.

In the lighting industry, battens refer to linear  light fittings.

In the steel industry, battens used as furring may also be referred to as "top hats", in reference to the profile of the metal.
Gorg Blau
Gorg Blau is an artificial reservoir on the island of Majorca of the Balearic Islands, located in the valley between Puig Major and Puig de Massanella. Since 1971, it has been used a drinking water source for the city of Palma and the surrounding areas, along with the neighboring Cúber reservoir.

The creek that runs through the Gorg Blau reservoir is known as Torrent del Gorg Blau or Sa Fosca, and is a tributary of the Torrent de Pareis. It was declared a natural monument by the Balearic Islands Government in 2003, and is located within the Serra de Tramuntana World Heritage Site.

Palma de Mallorca
Palma, also known as Palma de Mallorca (officially between 1983–1988, 2006–2008, and 2012–2016), is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of the Balearic Islands in Spain. It is situated on the south coast of Mallorca on the Bay of Palma. With a population of 438,234 as of 2024, it is the 8th-largest city in Spain.

The Cabrera Archipelago, though widely separated from Palma proper, is part of the municipality.
Anders Blixt
Anders Blixt (born in 1959) is a Swedish game designer and science journalist. He is one of the most well-published designers of role playing games in Sweden and has had a leading role in the production of most of them, including classical titles such as Drakar och Demoner and Mutant.

Game design
Game design is the process of creating and shaping the mechanics, systems, rules, and gameplay of a game. Game design processes apply to board games, card games, dice games, casino games, role-playing games, sports, war games, or simulation games.

In Elements of Game Design, game designer Robert Zubek defines game design by breaking it down into three elements:

Game mechanics and systems, which are the rules and objects in the game.

Gameplay, which is the interaction between the player and the mechanics and systems. In Chris Crawford on Game Design, the author summarizes gameplay as "what the player does".

Player experience, which is how users feel when they are playing the game.

In academic research, game design falls within the field of game studies (not to be confused with game theory, which studies strategic decision making, primarily in non-game situations).
Petalioi Gulf
The Petalioi Gulf (Greek: Κόλπος Πεταλιών - Kolpos Petalion) is a gulf of the Aegean Sea, Greece. It stretches between the east coast of Attica and the south tip of the island Euboea. It takes its name from the Petalioi islands, that are situated in the northeastern part of the Gulf, off the Euboean coast. The Petalioi Gulf is connected to the South Euboean Gulf to the north. Its length is approximately 50 km long from north to south and its width is approximately 5 km in the north to about 50 km in the south. There are several uninhabited islands in the gulf, including the Petalioi and Makronisos. Promontories include Strongylo and Vigla in the island of Euboea.

Makronisos
Makronisos (Greek: Μακρόνησος, lit. Long Island), or Makronisi, is an island in the Aegean Sea, in Greece, notorious as the site of a political prison from the 1920s to the 1970s. It is located close to the coast of Attica, facing the port of Lavrio. The island has an elongated shape, 13 km (8 mi) north to south and 2.5 km (1.6 mi) east to west at its widest point, and its terrain is arid and rocky. It is the largest uninhabited Greek island.

It is part of the Kea-Kythnos regional unit and in the municipality of Kea.
Ishmenevo
Ishmenevo (Russian: Ишменево; Bashkir: Ишмән, İşmän) is a rural locality (a village) in Karansky Selsoviet, Buzdyaksky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 53 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

Buzdyaksky District
Buzdyaksky District (Russian: Буздя́кский райо́н; Bashkir and Tatar: Бүздәк районы, Büzdäk rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the west of the republic and borders with Chekmagushevsky District in the north, Blagovarsky District in the east, Davlekanovsky District in the southeast, Belebeyevsky District in the south, Tuymazinsky District in the southwest and west, and with Sharansky District in the west and northwest. The area of the district is 1,632.8 square kilometers (630.4 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Buzdyak. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 30,688, with the population of Buzdyak accounting for 33.6% of that number.
Climate change in Finland
Climate change has far-reaching consequences on the natural environment and people of Finland. Finland was among the top five greenhouse gas emitters in 2001, on a per capita basis. Emissions increased to 58.8 million tonnes in 2016. Finland needs to triple its current cuts to emissions in order to be carbon neutral by 2035. Finland relies on coal and peat for its energy, but plans to phase out coal by 2029. Finland has a target of carbon neutrality by the year 2035 without carbon credits. The policies include nature conservation, more investments in trains, changes in taxation and more sustainable wood burning. After 2035 Finland will be carbon negative, meaning soaking more carbon than emitting.

Fortum
Fortum Oyj is a Finnish state-owned energy company located in Espoo, Finland. It mainly focuses on the Nordic region. Fortum operates power plants, including co-generation plants, and generates and sells electricity and heat. The company also sells waste services such as recycling, reutilisation, final disposal solutions and soil remediation and environmental constructions services, and other energy-related services and products e.g. consultancy services for power plants and electric vehicle charging. Fortum is listed on the Nasdaq Helsinki stock exchange.

As of 2023 Fortum was the third-largest power generator in the Nordics.
Iran–United Arab Emirates relations
Relations between the neighboring countries of Iran and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) are historic, however the diplomatic relationship undergoes major shifts. Both countries maintain diplomatic relations with each other and have embassies in each other's capitals.

There is a significant community of Iranians in the United Arab Emirates, mostly residing in the emirate of Dubai. Various Iranian Arab and Persian communities live in the southern provinces of Iran, some of whose members share historical ties with Emiratis. Throughout history, various Arab and Persian dynasties included lands which comprises today's Iran and the UAE.

Iranian Arabs
Iranian Arabs (Arabic: عرب إيران ʿArab-e Īrān; Persian: عرب‌های ايران Arabhā-ye Irān) are the citizens of Iran who are ethnically Arab. In 2008, their population stood at about 1.6 million people. They are primarily concentrated in the Khuzestan province.
23rd Golden Melody Awards
The 23rd Golden Melody Awards (Chinese: 第23屆金曲獎) were held on 13 June 2012 at Taipei Arena in Taipei, Taiwan. The awards ceremony gave musical awards to musicians and songs in languages such as Mandarin, Taiwanese, and Hakka.

Taipei Arena
The Taipei Arena (Chinese: 臺北小巨蛋) is a multi-purpose stadium in Songshan District, Taipei, Taiwan, and it is operated by the Taipei Rapid Transit Corporation (TRTC). Built in 2005, the large multi-purpose stadium can accommodate major international sport events such as ice skating, ice hockey, gymnastics, handball, basketball, tennis, badminton, table tennis, indoor soccer, boxing, judo, karate, taekwondo and wrestling.
Aix-en-Provence TGV station
Aix-en-Provence TGV or simply Aix TGV (French: Gare d'Aix-en-Provence TGV) is a high-speed railway station on the LGV Méditerranée located on the municipal border between Aix-en-Provence and Cabriès, Bouches-du-Rhône, Southern France. Opened in 2001, the station is served by SNCF services. It serves the city of Aix-en-Provence, 15 km (9.3 mi) northeast of the station, the northernmost parts of Marseille, some 20 km (12.4 mi) to the south, as well as Marseille Provence Airport and the town of Vitrolles to the west-southwest.

Vitrolles, Bouches-du-Rhône
Vitrolles (French pronunciation: [vitʁɔl]; Occitan: Vitròla) is a commune in the Bouches-du-Rhône département in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southern France, located about 20.6 km (12.8 mi) from Marseille. It is the largest suburb of the city of Aix-en-Provence and is adjacent to its southwest side.
Watch Fire
The 2024 Watch Fire was a destructive wildfire that burned 2,162 acres across Gila and Graham counties, located in the U.S. state of Arizona. The fire began on July 10, and was declared 100% contained by July 17. It was the 9th fire to burn more than 2,000 acres as part of the 2024 Arizona wildfire season.

San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation
The San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation (Western Apache: Tsékʼáádn), in southeastern Arizona, United States, was established in 1872 as a reservation for the Chiricahua Apache tribe as well as surrounding Yavapai and Apache bands removed from their original homelands under a strategy devised by General George Crook of setting the various Apache tribes against one another. Once nicknamed "Hell's Forty Acres" during the late 19th century due to poor health and environmental conditions, modern San Carlos Apaches operate a Chamber of Commerce, the Apache Gold and Apache Sky Casinos, a Language Preservation program, a Culture Center, and a Tribal College.
Voiced retroflex click
A voiced retroflex click is a rare click consonant. In practical orthography, an ad hoc symbol ⟨‼⟩ is used for the retroflex clicks; a voiced click with a velar rear articulation is ⟨ɡ͡‼⟩ or ⟨ɡ͜‼⟩, commonly abbreviated to ⟨ɡ‼⟩, ⟨ᶢ‼⟩ or ⟨‼̬⟩.
The implicit symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet is ⟨ɡ͡𝼊⟩ or ⟨ɡ͜𝼊⟩, abbreviated ⟨ɡ𝼊⟩, ⟨ᶢ𝼊⟩ or ⟨𝼊̬⟩. Linguists who prefer the old IPA letters use the analogous Doke convention of ⟨ɡ͡ψ⟩ or ⟨ɡ͜ψ⟩, abbreviated ⟨ɡψ⟩, ⟨ᶢψ⟩ or ⟨ψ̬⟩. For a click with a uvular rear articulation, the equivalents are ⟨ɢ͡‼, ɢ͜‼, ɢ‼, 𐞒‼⟩, ⟨ɢ͡𝼊, ɢ͜𝼊, ɢ𝼊, 𐞒𝼊⟩ and ⟨ɢ͡ψ, ɢ͜ψ, ɢψ, 𐞒ψ⟩.
Sometimes the accompanying letter comes after the click letter, e.g. ⟨𝼊ɡ⟩ or ⟨𝼊ᶢ⟩; this may be a simple orthographic choice, or it may imply a difference in the relative timing of the releases.

Uvular consonant
Uvulars are consonants articulated with the back of the tongue against or near the uvula, that is, further back in the mouth than velar consonants.  Uvulars may be stops, fricatives, nasals, trills, or approximants, though the IPA does not provide a separate symbol for the approximant, and the symbol for the voiced fricative is used instead. Uvular affricates can certainly be made but are rare: they occur in most Turkic languages, most Persian languages, most Arabic languages, in some southern High-German dialects, as well as a few African and Native American languages. (Ejective uvular affricates occur as realizations of uvular stops in  Kazakh, Bashkir, Arabic dialects, Lillooet, or as allophonic realizations of the ejective uvular fricative in Georgian.) Uvular consonants are typically incompatible with advanced tongue root, and they often cause retraction of neighboring vowels.
Cesira Ferrani
Cesira Ferrani (May 8, 1863 in Turin – May 4, 1943 in Pollone) was an Italian operatic lyric soprano who is best known for debuting two of the most iconic roles in opera history, Mimì in the original 1896 production of Giacomo Puccini's La bohème and the title role in Puccini's Manon Lescaut in its 1893 world premiere.  Ferrani sang a wide repertoire that encompassed not only verismo opera but the works of composers like Verdi, Gounod, Wagner, and Debussy.

Verismo
In opera, verismo (Italian for 'realism'), from vero, meaning 'true', was a post-Romantic operatic tradition associated with Italian composers such as Pietro Mascagni, Ruggero Leoncavallo, Umberto Giordano, Francesco Cilea and Giacomo Puccini.

Verismo as an operatic genre had its origins in an Italian literary movement of the same name. This was in turn related to the international literary movement of naturalism as practised by Émile Zola and others. Like naturalism, the verismo literary movement sought to portray the world with greater realism. In so doing, Italian verismo authors such as Giovanni Verga wrote about subject matter, such as the lives of the poor, that had not generally been seen as a fit subject for literature.
1973 Nobel Peace Prize
The 1973 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded jointly to United States Secretary of State Henry Kissinger and Worker's Party of Vietnam Politburo representative Lê Đức Thọ "for jointly having negotiated a cease fire in Vietnam in 1973." Thọ declined to accept the prize, and Kissinger accepted in absentia as he did not want to be targeted by anti-war protestors at the event. Kissinger later tried to return the award, but the committee declined his offer.

The 1973 Nobel Peace Prize is often cited as one of, if not the most, controversial in the history of the award. Two members of the Norwegian Nobel Committee resigned in protest, The New York Times referred to it as the "Nobel War Prize", and Tom Lehrer stated that "political satire became obsolete".

Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam
The Political Bureau (Politburo) of the Communist Party of Vietnam Central Committee is the highest body of the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) in between gatherings of the National Congress and of the plenary sessions of the Central Committee. According to Party rules, the Politburo directs the general orientation of the government, and by that, it has dominant power in the politics of Vietnam.

The members of the Politburo are elected and given a ranking by the Central Committee in the immediate aftermath of a National Party Congress. The current Politburo (14th term) was elected by the 1st Plenary Session of the 14th Central Committee in the aftermath of the 14th National Congress and consists of 19 members. The first-ranked member is General Secretary of the Central Committee.
Walk-to-strikeout ratio
In baseball statistics, walk-to-strikeout ratio (BB/K) is a measure of a hitter's plate discipline and knowledge of the strike zone. Generally, a hitter with a good walk-to-strikeout ratio must exhibit enough patience at the plate to refrain from swinging at bad pitches and take a base on balls, but he must also have the ability to recognize pitches within the strike zone and avoid striking out. Joe Morgan and Wade Boggs are two examples of hitters with a good walk-to-strikeout ratio. A hit by pitch is not counted statistically as a walk and therefore not counted in the walk-to-strikeout ratio.

The inverse of this, the strikeout-to-walk ratio, is used to compare pitchers.

Strike zone
In baseball, the strike zone is the area of space through which a pitch must pass in order to be called a strike even if the batter does not swing. The strike zone is defined as the volume of space above home plate and between the batter's knees and the midpoint of his torso. Whether a pitch passes through the zone is decided by an umpire, who is generally positioned behind the catcher.

Strikes are desirable for the pitcher and the fielding team, as three strikes result in a strikeout of that batter. A pitch that misses the strike zone is called a ball if the batter does not swing at it. Balls are desirable for the batter and the batting team, as four balls allow the batter to take a "walk" to first base as a base on balls.
James Alexander MacDonald
James Alexander MacDonald (October 1858 – December 20, 1939) was a lawyer, judge and political figure in British Columbia. He represented Rossland City in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 1903 to 1909 as a Liberal. MacDonald was the first leader of the British Columbia Liberal Party, serving from 1903 until 1909.

He was born in Huron County, Canada West and was educated in Stratford, Ontario, at the University of Toronto and at Osgoode Hall. MacDonald first set up practice in Toronto in 1890 and then moved to Rossland, British Columbia in 1896. He married Mary Richardson. In 1909, he was named Chief Justice in the British Columbia Court of Appeal. MacDonald served as Chief Justice of the British Columbia Supreme Court from 1929 until his retirement in 1937. He died two years later in Victoria at the age of 81.

Rossland City
Rossland City was the name of a provincial electoral district in the Canadian province of British Columbia, located in the West Kootenay region.  It is named after the town of Rossland, near Trail. It made its first appearance on the hustings in the election of 1903 and lasted only until 1912, after which the revised riding was simply Rossland.
John Willoughby (1421–1477)
Sir John Willoughby (about 1421–1477), of Brook, de jure 8th Baron Latimer, was an English landowner, administrator, soldier and politician who was elected as MP for Wiltshire, where he lived, and for the adjoining seat of Somerset. He also served terms as High Sheriff for both counties.

Somerset (UK Parliament constituency)
Somerset was a parliamentary constituency in Somerset, which returned two Members of Parliament (MPs), known traditionally as knights of the shire, to the House of Commons of England until 1707, the House of Commons of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800, and the House of Commons of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1832.

Elections were held by the bloc vote system.
Khurana, India
Khurana is a village in the Sangrur district of Punjab, India. It's located seven kilometers east of Sangrur city, on the Sangrur-Patiala road. Guru Hargobind, the sixth Guru of Sikhism, visited the village during his travels in 1616 CE coming from Akoī and stayed sometime close to the village pond, southeast of the village where a gurdwara Gurdwara Sahib Patshahi Chhevin now marks the site as a testimony to the visit.

Patiala
Patiala (Punjabi pronunciation: [pʌʈeɑ̈ːɭɑ]) is a city in southeastern Punjab, northwestern India. It is the fourth largest city in the state and is the administrative capital of Patiala district. Patiala is located around the Qila Mubarak (the 'Blessed Castle') constructed by a chieftain Ala Singh, who founded the royal dynasty of Patiala State in 1763, and after whom the city is named.

In popular culture, the city remains famous for its traditional Patiala shahi turban (a type of headgear), paranda (a tasselled tag for braiding hair), Patiala salwar (a type of female trousers), jutti (a type of footwear) and Patiala peg (a measure of liquor). Patiala is also known as the Royal City and the Beautiful City.
Space and Time (Mya song)
"Space and Time" is a song recorded by American singer Mya. It was produced by Louis York and written by Chuck Harmony, Claude Kelly, and Mya. "Space and Time" explores themes of humanity, self-care, healing, and peace of mind. It was released as a standalone single  May 29, 2020 on the singer's label imprint Planet 9 with distribution via Orchard. An accompanying music video followed preceding the single's release.

The Orchard (company)
Orchard Enterprises NY, Inc., doing business as The Orchard (also known as The Orchard Music), is an American music and entertainment company, specializing in media distribution. It is a division of Sony Music Entertainment, based in New York City. In 2019, the company sold off its film and television division, which was renamed 1091 Media.
Chris Leopold
Christopher J. Leopold (born April 22, 1968) is a businessman from Belle Chasse, Louisiana, who is a former Republican member of the Louisiana House of Representatives for District 105, primarily Plaquemines Parish. His district was numerically the last of the state House districts.

Belle Chasse, Louisiana
Belle Chasse (/bɛl ˈtʃeɪs/ bel CHAYSS) is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Plaquemines Parish, Louisiana, United States, on the west bank of the Mississippi River. Belle Chasse is part of the Greater New Orleans metropolitan area. The population was 10,579 at the 2020 United States census. Belle Chasse is the largest community in Plaquemines Parish. It is home to Naval Air Station Joint Reserve Base New Orleans, a Naval Air Station for the U.S. Navy Reserve.
Ira, Suwayda
Ira (Arabic: عرى; also spelled Areh, ′Ara, Era or Ora) is a village in southeastern Syria, administratively part of the Suwayda District of the Suwayda Governorate, located south of Suwayda. According to the 2004 census, it had a population of 6,136. Its inhabitants are predominantly Druze, with a Christian and Sunni Muslim Bedouin minorities. It is one of the villages of the Jabal al-Druze region.

Sweida District
Sweida District (Arabic: منطقة السويداء, romanized: manṭiqat as-Suwaydā’) is a district of the Sweida Governorate in southern Syria. The administrative centre is the city of Sweida. At the 2004 census, the district had a population of 180,907.
Great Qing Gold Coin
The Great Qing Gold Coin (simplified Chinese: 大清金币; traditional Chinese: 大清金幣; pinyin: Dà Qīng Jīn Bì), also known as the Qing Dynasty Gold Coin or Da-Qing Jinbi, was the name of an unissued series of gold coins produced under the reign of the Guangxu Emperor of the Manchu-led Qing dynasty. These coins were produced in the scenario that the government of the Qing dynasty would adopt the gold standard, as was common in most of the world at the time.

During the Qing dynasty, the Chinese coinage system was based on a bimetallic system of copper and silver and these proposed coins would have also introduced gold coinage to China. However, only a small number of trial coins were produced in the years 1906 and 1907, despite the production these pattern coins the Great Qing Gold Coin did not ever see any circulation.

Chinese dragon
The Chinese dragon or loong (/lʊŋ/ LUUNG) is a legendary creature in Chinese mythology, Chinese folklore, and Chinese culture generally. Chinese dragons have many animal-like forms, such as turtles and fish, but are most commonly depicted as snake-like with four legs. Academicians have identified four reliable theories on the origin of the Chinese dragon: snakes, Chinese alligators, thunder worship and nature worship. They traditionally symbolize potent and auspicious powers, particularly control over water and weather.