hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Digvijai Singh
Digvijai Singh (11 December 1934 – 20 July 2018) was an Indian mechanical engineer and a former vice chancellor of the University of Roorkee before its reconstitution as the Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee. He was also a former vice chairman of the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) and a former director of Central Road Research Institute. He is known for his studies on dynamics of single track vehicles and Fluid film lubrication and was an elected fellow of all the three major Indian science academies viz. Indian National Science Academy, Indian Academy of Sciences, and the National Academy of Sciences, India as well as the Indian National Academy of Engineering. The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, the apex agency of the Government of India for scientific research, awarded him the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, one of the highest Indian science awards for his contributions to Engineering Sciences in 1978.

Indian Academy of Sciences
The Indian Academy of Sciences, Bangalore was founded by Indian Physicist and Nobel Laureate C. V. Raman, and was registered as a society on 27 April 1934. Inaugurated on 31 July 1934, it began with 65 founding fellows. The first general meeting of Fellows, held on the same day, elected Raman as president, and adopted the constitution of the Academy.
Who Got the Gravy?
Who Got the Gravy? is the fifth studio album by American hip hop group Digital Underground. It was released on September 8, 1998, via Jake Records. The album was produced by the D-Flow Production Squad. It features guest appearances from KRS-One, Big Pun, Biz Markie, Bust Stop of O.F.T.B., Trunk Turner, and Whateva. The album marks the debut of Esinchill and Mystic. The album did not reach the Billboard 200; however, it peaked at number 91 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart in the United States. It was met with generally favorable reviews from music critics.

Mystic (singer)
Mandolyn Wind Ludlum (born March 28, 1974), better known by her stage name Mystic, is an American singer and rapper from the San Francisco Bay Area. After touring and recording with Digital Underground, she released her debut solo album in 2001.
Jayjay Lake
Jayjay Lake is a teardrop-shaped lake in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It is in the Northern Saskatchewan Administration District and access is from Highway 165. The lake is situated at the north-eastern slopes of the Cub Hills in the Mid-Boreal Uplands Ecoregion. It is surrounded by muskeg in a boreal forest of pine, birch, aspen, and spruce.

Jayjay Lake is within the Sturgeon-Weir River watershed. Sturgeon-Weir River is a tributary of the Saskatchewan River. Jayjay Creek flows out of Jayjay Lake at its north end and flows south-east into Big Sandy Lake.

Saskatchewan River
The Saskatchewan River (Cree: kisiskāciwani-sīpiy ᑭᓯᐢᑳᒋᐊᐧᓂ ᓰᐱᕀ, "swift flowing river") is a major river in Canada. It stretches about 550 kilometres (340 mi) from where it is formed by the joining of the North Saskatchewan River and South Saskatchewan River just east of Prince Albert, Saskatchewan. It flows roughly eastward across Saskatchewan and Manitoba to empty into Lake Winnipeg. Through its tributaries the North Saskatchewan and South Saskatchewan, its watershed encompasses much of the prairie regions of Canada, stretching westward to the Rocky Mountains in Alberta and north-western Montana in the United States.

Including its tributaries, it reaches 1,939 kilometres (1,205 mi) to its farthest headwaters on the Bow River, a tributary of the South Saskatchewan in Alberta.
Communauté de communes de la Haute Somme
The Communauté de communes de la Haute Somme is a communauté de communes in the Somme département and in the Hauts-de-France région of France. Its seat is in Péronne. Its area is 462.8 km2, and its population was 27,253 in 2018.

Péronne, Somme
Péronne (French pronunciation: [peʁɔn]) is a commune of the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. It is the former site of the Péronne monastery, founded by the Anglo-Saxon St Erkenwald. Its site became the resting place for St. Fursa, celebrated by the famous English historian Bede. The monastery was popular with Irish monks, among them Cellanus, whose letters to Aldhelm the Bishop of Sherborne survive. So renowned was Péronne for Irish monks that the monastery became known as Perrona Scottorum. The monastery was destroyed in a Viking raid in 880. It is close to where the 1916, first 1918 and second 1918 Battles of the Somme took place during the First World War. The Museum of the Great War (known in French as the Historial de la Grande Guerre) is located in the château.
Jharkhand Anushilan Party
The Jharkhand Anushilan Party (abbr. JAP), previously known as Jharkhand Party (Aditya), is a political party in West Bengal, India. The party demands that Jangal Mahal be declared an autonomous region within West Bengal. Aditya Kisku is the general secretary of the party.

Jungle Mahals
Jungle Mahals (lit. jungle estates) was a district formed by British possessions and some independent chiefdoms lying between Birbhum, Burdwan, Midnapore and the hilly country of Chota Nagpur in what is now the Indian state of West Bengal. The district was located in the area known as the Jungle Terry.
2019 ITF Men's World Tennis Tour (January–March)
The 2019 ITF Men's World Tennis Tour is the 2019 edition of the second-tier tour for men's professional tennis. It is organised by the International Tennis Federation and is a tier below the ATP Tour. The ITF Men's World Tennis Tour includes tournaments with prize money ranging from $15,000 to $25,000.

ITF Men's World Tennis Tour
The ITF Men's World Tennis Tour (formerly ITF Men's Circuit) is a series of professional tennis tournaments held around the world that are organized by the International Tennis Federation (ITF).  The tour represents the lowest rung of the men's professional tennis ladder.  ITF tournaments are incorporated into the ATP rankings, enabling young professionals to progress on to the ATP Challenger Tour and ultimately the full ATP Tour.  Nearly every professional male player has spent some time on the ITF Men's World Tennis Tour.
Małgorzata Jankowska
Małgorzata Jankowska (née Grzelak, born 30 November 1983) is a Polish para table tennis player who competes at international table tennis competitions. She is a six-time European champion, five-time World medalist and three-time Paralympic medalist.

European Para Table Tennis Championships
European Para Table Tennis Championships are a biennial sport event for para table tennis players who represent a European country. It is one of the first regional para table tennis championships to be held. France have so far earned the most medals in these championships.
C. P. Ramsdell
C. P. Ramsdell (c. 1825 to September 16, 1882) was a newspaper founder, United States Marshal, and state legislator in Pennsylvania and Virginia.  A Republican, he served in the Virginia House of Delegates from 1871 to 1873. He lived in Surry County, Virginia.

He was born in Otsego County, New York.

He wrote to President Abraham Lincoln in 1861 in support of an appointment for Lloyd Jones Esq. He published and edited the Venango Citizen and served in the Pennsylvania Legislature. He was elected Assistant Clerk of the Pennsylvania Senate.

He served as United States Marshal for the eastern district of Virginia. He was a candidate for Lieutenant Governor of Virginia but lost to Robert E. Withers. He advocated for immigration to Virginia.

Lieutenant Governor of Virginia
The lieutenant governor of the Commonwealth of Virginia is a constitutional officer of the Commonwealth of Virginia. The lieutenant governor is elected every four years along with the governor and attorney general.

The office is currently held by Ghazala Hashmi, who was elected in 2025 and is the second woman and fourth person of color to hold this position. The governor and lieutenant governor are elected separately and thus may be of different political parties. The lieutenant governor serves as the president of the Senate of Virginia and is first in the line of succession to the governorship; if the governor dies, resigns, or otherwise leaves office, the lieutenant governor becomes governor. In Virginia, the governor is not permitted to serve consecutive terms, but the lieutenant governor may do so, and has no term limit.
Alwoodley (ward)
Alwoodley is an electoral ward of Leeds City Council in the north of Leeds, West Yorkshire, covering the urban suburb areas of Alwoodley, the majority of Moor Allerton (above the Leeds Outer Ring Road) and Slaid Hill.

Leeds City Council
Leeds City Council is the local authority of the City of Leeds in West Yorkshire, England. Leeds has had a council since 1626, which has been reformed on numerous occasions. Since 1974 it has been a metropolitan borough council. It provides the majority of local government services in the city. It is the second most populous local government district in the United Kingdom with approximately 800,000 inhabitants living within its area; only Birmingham City Council has more. Since 1 April 2014, it has been a constituent council of the West Yorkshire Combined Authority.

The council has been under Labour majority control since 2011. It meets at Leeds Civic Hall and has its main offices at Merrion House.
Julio Ruiz de Alda
Julio Ruiz de Alda Miqueleiz (7 October 1897 – 23 August 1936) was a Spanish aviator, and among the founders of the Falange.

He joined the Army at the age of 15 and developed an interest in planes. He was the co-pilot (with Ramón Franco) of the Plus Ultra as it completed a transatlantic flight in 1926.  The Plus  Ultra departed from Palos de la Frontera, in Huelva, Spain on 22 January and arrived in Buenos Aires, Argentina on 26 January. It stopped over at Gran Canaria, Cape Verde, Pernambuco, Rio de Janeiro and Montevideo. The 10,270 km journey was completed in  59 hours and 39 minutes.

In 1931, along with José Antonio Primo de Rivera (Marquess of his birthplace), he was a founding member of the Falange movement. He was shot without a trial by an anarchist militia in Madrid's Cárcel Modelo prison on 23 August 1936, after the beginning of the civil war the previous month.

Cárcel Modelo
Cárcel Modelo, also known as Cárcel Celular, was the main prison for men in Madrid at the turn of the 20th century. Located in the Moncloa-Aravaca district, it was inaugurated in 1884 after seven years of construction and replaced the 18th century Cárcel del Saladero. The name "Modelo" derived from its standing as a model for other Spanish prisons. The prison operated through 1939, when it was shuttered and demolished after being damaged during the Spanish Civil War.
Wheelchair fencing at the 2008 Summer Paralympics – Women's épée B
The women's épée B wheelchair fencing competition at the 2008 Summer Paralympics was held on 16 September at the Olympic Green Convention Center.

The competition began with a preliminary stage where fencers were divided into two pools and played a round robin tournament.
In this stage, the winner of a bout was the first person to score five hits or the person with the highest score at the end of four minutes.
Next was a knock-out stage, where fencers competed in three three-minute bouts with a one-minute break between each.
The winner was the first to reach fifteen hits, or the one with the highest score at the end of the last bout.
In the event of a tie, another one-minute bout was held, with the winner being the first to score a hit.

The event was won by Chan Yui Chong, representing  Hong Kong.

Hong Kong at the 2008 Summer Paralympics
Hong Kong competed under the name "Hong Kong, China" at the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing, People's Republic of China. Hong Kong sent 21 athletes to compete in eight events at the Beijing Games. Although Hong Kong's NPC was a separate member of the IPC, Hong Kong hosted the equestrian events.
Jock Phillips
John Oliver Crompton Phillips ONZM (born 1947) is a New Zealand historian, author and encyclopaedist. He was the general editor of Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand, the official encyclopaedia of New Zealand.

Auckland University Press
Auckland University Press is a New Zealand publisher that produces creative and scholarly work for a general audience. Founded in 1966 and formally recognised as Auckland University Press in 1972, it is a publisher based within the University of Auckland, located in Auckland, New Zealand. The Press currently  publishes around 20 new books a year in history and politics, art and architecture, literature and poetry, Māori, Pacific and Asian Studies, science, business and health. It published its 500th book in 2005 of which 22 were prize winning publications.
Bell High School (California)
Bell High School is a public high school in Bell, California, United States. The school, which serves grades 9 through 12, is a part of District 6 of the Los Angeles Unified School District. Bell High’s motto is "Honor lies in honest toil", its mascot is the eagle, and the school colors are purple and gold. They are rivals with the Huntington Park Spartans.

The school serves several municipalities. The school serves the cities of Bell, Cudahy, and Maywood, and it serves portions of Huntington Park and portions of Vernon. Some portions of Huntington Park and Maywood are jointly zoned to both Bell High School and Huntington Park High School.

Vernon, California
Vernon is a city five miles (8.0 km) south of downtown Los Angeles, California, the nearest separate city to downtown Los Angeles. The population was 112 at the 2010 United States census, the least of any incorporated city in the state. Its population nearly doubled to 222 by the 2020 census, making it the second least populous city in the state, after Amador City.

The city is primarily composed of industrial areas and touts itself as "exclusively industrial". Meatpacking plants and warehouses are common. As of 2006, there were no parks in the city.
Pancake graph
In the mathematical field of graph theory, the pancake graph Pn or n-pancake graph is a graph whose vertices are the permutations of n symbols from 1 to n and its edges are given between permutations transitive by prefix reversals.

Pancake sorting is the colloquial term for the mathematical problem of sorting a disordered stack of pancakes in order of size when a spatula can be inserted at any point in the stack and used to flip all pancakes above it.  A pancake number is the minimum number of flips required for a given number of pancakes. Obtaining the pancake number is equivalent to the problem of obtaining the diameter of the pancake graph.

The pancake graph of dimension n, Pn, is a regular graph with  vertices. Its degree is n − 1, hence, according to the handshaking lemma, it has  edges. Pn can be constructed recursively from n copies of Pn−1, by assigning a different element from the set {1, 2, …, n} as a suffix to each copy.

Cycle (graph theory)
In graph theory, a cycle in a graph is a non-empty trail in which only the first and last vertices are equal. A directed cycle in a directed graph is a non-empty directed trail in which only the first and last vertices are equal.

A graph without cycles is called an acyclic graph. A directed graph without directed cycles is called a directed acyclic graph. A connected graph without cycles is called a tree.
Portugal at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Portugal competed at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki, Finland.

A delegation of 71 competitors, 68 men and 3 women, took part in 45 events in 10 sports. The sailing team won the nation's only medal at these Olympics (bronze). For the first time, Portugal participated in the Gymnastics events and, also for the first time, with three female competitors.

Álvaro Silva (fencer)
Álvaro Francisco Torres de Andrade e Silva (31 December 1920 – 28 October 1983) was a Portuguese fencer. He competed in the individual and team sabre events at the 1952 Summer Olympics. Silva died on 28 October 1983, at the age of 62.
The Baltimore Bomb
The Baltimore Bomb is a one-movement composition for orchestra by the American composer Caroline Shaw.  The work was commissioned by the Baltimore Symphony Orchestra in celebration of the ensemble's centennial.  Its world premiere was given at the Joseph Meyerhoff Symphony Hall on September 17, 2016, by the Baltimore Symphony Orchestra conducted by Marin Alsop.  The piece is named after an iconic Baltimore pie known as the "Baltimore Bomb."

Baltimore Symphony Orchestra
The Baltimore Symphony Orchestra (BSO) is an American symphony orchestra based in Baltimore, Maryland. The Baltimore SO has its principal residence at the Joseph Meyerhoff Symphony Hall, where it performs more than 130 concerts a year. In 2005, it began regular performances at the Music Center at Strathmore in Bethesda.

The orchestra's current music director is Jonathon Heyward, since 2023.  Marin Alsop, music director from 2007 to 2021, is currently the orchestra's music director laureate.
Phonodus
Phonodus is an extinct genus of procolophonid parareptile. It is known from a single skull found from the Early Triassic Katberg Formation in South Africa. It is the oldest known member of the subfamily Leptopleuroninae, and was likely the result of a procolophonid migration into the Karoo Basin from Laurasia after the Permo-Triassic extinction event. Because Phonodus had large maxillary teeth underneath a large antorbital buttress (a bony prominence in front of the eye), and a lack of ventral temporal emargination along the side of the skull, it probably had a durophagous diet.

Procolophonidae
Procolophonidae is an extinct family of small, lizard-like procolophonian "parareptiles" known from the Late Permian to Late Triassic that were distributed across Pangaea, having been reported from Europe, North America, China, South Africa, South America, Antarctica and Australia. The most primitive procolophonids were likely insectivorous or omnivorous, more derived members of the clade developed bicusped molars, and were likely herbivorous feeding on high fiber vegetation or durophagous omnivores. Many members of the group are noted for spines projecting from the quadratojugal bone of the skull, which likely served a defensive purpose as well as possibly also for display. At least some taxa were likely fossorial burrowers. While diverse during the Early and Middle Triassic, they had very low diversity during the Late Triassic, and were extinct by the beginning of the Jurassic.
About the Blues
About the Blues is an album by Julie London that was released in 1957. The album includes two songs written by Bobby Troup, her husband. Miles Davis recorded a version of one of them, "The Meaning of the Blues". The eighteen-piece band was arranged by Russell Garcia.

Bobby Troup
Robert William Troup Jr. (October 18, 1918 – February 7, 1999) was an American actor, jazz pianist, singer, and songwriter. He is best known as the composer of the rhythm and blues standard "(Get Your Kicks on) Route 66" and for portraying the role of Dr. Joe Early in the television program Emergency! co-starring with his wife Julie London, in the 1970s.
Great Britain at the 2014 European Athletics Championships
Great Britain competed at the 2014 European Athletics Championships in Zürich, Switzerland, from 12–17 August 2014. British Athletics named a team of 74 athletes on 15 July 2014. Great Britain topped the medal table with their greatest gold medal haul in European Championships history. Adam Gemili won the nation's 100th gold medal in the history of the championships.

2014 European Athletics Championships
The 2014 European Athletics Championships was held in Zürich, Switzerland, between 12 and 17 August 2014. It was the first time that Switzerland had hosted the European Athletics Championships since 1954.

Great Britain headed the medal table, with 12 gold medals, comfortably their best return from a European championships, despite winning only one field event medal. France, second on gold medals won with 9, won the most medals, 25.
Ryan Village, Minnesota
Ryan Village is an unincorporated community in Cass County, Minnesota, United States, within the Bowstring State Forest and the Chippewa National Forest. It is located between Cass Lake and Bena along U.S. Highway 2. The village is within the Leech Lake Indian Reservation.

U.S. Route 2 in Minnesota
U.S. Highway 2 (US 2) is a United States Numbered Highway in northwest and northeast Minnesota, which runs from the Red River at East Grand Forks and continues east to Duluth, where the route crosses the Richard I. Bong Memorial Bridge over the Saint Louis Bay. The route connects the cities of East Grand Forks, Bemidji, Grand Rapids, and Duluth.

Of the 264 miles (425 km) of US 2 in Minnesota, 146 miles (235 km) have four lanes, mostly located in the northwest part of the state.
Juan Manuel Gastélum
Juan Manuel Gastélum Buenrostro (31 October 1954 – 9 April 2025) was a Mexican politician affiliated with the National Action Party (PAN).

Gastélum was born in Tijuana, Baja California, in 1954 and earned a degree in law from the University of Sonora in 1978. He became an active member of the PAN in 1992.

In 2007 he was elected to the 19th session of the Congress of Baja California and, in the 2012 general election, he was elected to the federal Chamber of Deputies to represent Baja California's 5th district during the 62nd session of Congress.

He was later elected municipal president of Tijuana for the 2016–2019 term. At the end of his term he ran for re-election but was defeated by Arturo González Cruz of the National Regeneration Movement (Morena).

Gastélum died in Tijuana on 9 April 2025, at the age of 70. He had been taken ill three days earlier.

LXII Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LXII Legislature of the Congress of the Union, the 62nd session of the Congress of Mexico, met from September 1, 2012, to August 31, 2015. It consisted of Senators and Deputies in their respective chambers. All members of both the lower and upper houses of the Congress were elected in the elections of July 2012.

Senators were elected for a six-year term during the 2012 elections, allowing them to serve in both the LXII and subsequent legislatures. Deputies, also elected in the 2012 elections, served exclusively during the LXII Legislature.

The composition of the LXII Legislature was as follows:
1990 Basque regional election
A regional election was held in the Basque Country on Sunday, 28 October 1990, to elect the 4th Parliament of the autonomous community. All 75 seats in the Parliament were up for election.

The Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) won 22 seats, the Socialist Party of the Basque Country (PSE–PSOE) came second with 16 seats, Popular Unity (HB) came third with 13 seats and Basque Solidarity (EA) won 9 seats. The People's Party (PP) and Basque Country Left (EE) each won 6 seats.

Elections in Spain
Elections in Spain encompass four different types: general elections, regional elections, local elections, and elections to the European Parliament. General elections and regional elections are typically conducted at the conclusion of the national or regional legislative mandate, which usually spans four years since the previous election. However, early elections can be called in certain circumstances. On the other hand, local council elections (including municipal and insular elections) and elections to the European Parliament follow fixed dates, although some local government bodies, such as provincial councils, are not directly elected. In most elections, a party-list proportional representation (PR) system is employed, while the Senate utilizes the plurality system.