hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Grafton Ballroom
The Grafton Ballroom was an entertainment centre in Liverpool, England that opened on 9 February 1924. It was a purpose-built dance hall able to accommodate 1,200 dancers. It was built next to the Locarno Ballroom which is now known as the Liverpool Olympia. It has for several years been under the same ownership as the Olympia.

Joe Loss, Victor Silvester, Henry Hall, Duke Ellington, Anathema and The Beatles have all played The Grafton.

In September 2008, the Grafton closed as a dance venue. The building also briefly operated as a comedy club. On 27 January 2013, a section of the front facia of the building collapsed and fell into the street. It was made safe by Merseyside Fire and Rescue Service. There were no reports of injuries.

In March 2025, plans were greenlit for the demolition of the building to build 80 new modern apartments.The Edwardian Neoclassical frontage of the building is to be retained and incorporated. As of December 2025, no work has begun on the site.

Locarno Ballrooms
55°51′59″N 4°16′08″W﻿ / ﻿55.86625°N 4.26884°W﻿ / 55.86625; -4.26884

Locarno Ballrooms were a series of large public ballrooms located in England and Scotland and were represented in most major British cities.
Folsom Boulevard
Folsom Boulevard is a major east–west arterial in Sacramento County, California, United States. Its western terminus is at Alhambra Boulevard in the East Sacramento section of Sacramento and its eastern terminus is at Greenback Lane in Folsom.

The actual road, however, runs from the California State Capitol (at 15th Street) in Sacramento to the city of Auburn in Placer County and has various changes of name along the way, which includes Capitol Avenue (old M Street), Folsom-Auburn Road and Auburn-Folsom Road.

For much of the route, it runs nearly parallel with U.S. Route 50 and was that highway's alignment before the freeway was completed in the 1970s.

Placer County, California
Placer County (/ˈplæsər/ PLASS-ər), officially the County of Placer, is located in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 404,739. The county seat is Auburn.

Placer County is included in the Greater Sacramento metropolitan area. It is in both the Sacramento Valley and Sierra Nevada regions, in what is known as the Gold Country. The county stretches roughly 65 miles (105 km) from Sacramento's suburbs at Roseville to the Nevada border and the shore of Lake Tahoe.
Luís do Rego, 1st Viscount of Geraz do Lima
D. Luís do Rego Barreto, 1st Viscount of Geraz do Lima (28 October 1777 – 7 September 1840), better known as General Luís do Rego, was a Portuguese nobleman, military officer and colonial administrator who distinguished himself in the fight against the Invasion of Portugal by the French in 1807, and was Governor of Pernambuco from 1817 to 1821, when he was deposed.

Governor of Pernambuco
The Governor of the State of Pernambuco is the chief executive of the state of Pernambuco. The governor is the head of the executive branch of Pernambuco's state government. The officeholder is afforded the courtesy title of His/Her Excellency while in office. The incumbent governor is Raquel Lyra, affiliated to the Brazilian Social Democracy Party (PSDB). Lyra won the 2022 Pernambuco gubernatorial election and was sworn in as the 58th governor of the state of Pernambuco on January 1, 2023.
Livingstone Fagan
Livingstone Fagan (born 15 May 1959) – sometimes misspelled as Livingston Fagan – is a British Branch Davidian who survived the Waco siege in 1993. He was born in Jamaica, but moved to Nottingham in 1964 with his parents as part of the Windrush generation. He joined the Branch Davidians in 1989 while studying to join the Seventh-day Adventist ministry in the United Kingdom. He moved to Mount Carmel Center with his wife, Evette (sometimes spelled Yvette), and mother, Doris Adina, both of whom would die in the 19 April 1993 fire. He left the Mount Carmel Center before the 19 April fire. He was tried and convicted in the United States of voluntary manslaughter and using a firearm during a crime. He was given a 30-year prison sentence and spent about half of it in various holding facilities in the United States. He was released in July 2007 and deported to the United Kingdom where he currently lives.

Deposition (law)
A deposition in the law of the United States, or examination for discovery in the law of Canada, is the taking of sworn, out-of-court oral testimony of a witness that may be reduced to a written transcript for later use in court or for discovery purposes.  Depositions are commonly used in litigation in the United States and Canada. They are almost always conducted outside court by the lawyers themselves, with no judge present to supervise the examination.
John McKinna
Brigadier John Gilbert McKinna CMG, CBE, DSO, LVO, ED (11 December 1906 – 28 January 2000) was a senior officer in the Australian Army during the Second World War. He was also the Police Commissioner for South Australia between July 1957 and June 1972.

Police commissioner
A police commissioner is the head of a police department, responsible for overseeing its operations and ensuring the effective enforcement of laws and maintenance of public order. They develop and implement policies, manage budgets, and coordinate with other law enforcement agencies and community groups. Additionally, the commissioner handles high-profile cases, addresses public concerns, and represents the department in various forums.
Stan Kosmala
Stan Kosmala (born 19 February 1950) is an Australian Paralympic competitor, who has competed in athletics, wheelchair basketball, lawn bowls and shooting.  Born in Germany, he contracted polio at the age of two. He is married to Paralympic shooter Libby Kosmala, whom he met through wheelchair sport, and has two sons and two grandchildren.

He participated in the 1976 Toronto Games in athletics events, and also as a member of the Australia men's national wheelchair basketball team. He won a gold medal at the 1988 Seoul Games in lawn bowls in the Men's Pairs 2–6 event with Roy Fowler. At the 2000 Sydney Games, he came ninth just behind his wife in the preliminary round of the Mixed Air Rifle Prone SH1- event, and did not make the final.

2000 Summer Paralympics
The 2000 Summer Paralympic Games or the XI Summer Paralympics were held in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, between 18 and 29 October. The Sydney Paralympics was the last time that the Summer Paralympics were organised by two different Organizing Committees. In this edition, a record 3,801 athletes from 123 National Paralympic Committees participated in 551 events in 18 sports. The 2000 Summer Paralympics were the second largest sporting event ever until that date held in Australia and in the Southern Hemisphere. Sydney was the eighth city to jointly host the Olympic and Paralympic Games. However, it was only the fourth to jointly organise both events in complete conjunction with the Olympics. This edition was also the first time that the Paralympics were held in Australia and Oceania.
1997 Victory Bowl
The 1997 Victory Bowl, the first edition of the annual game, was a college football bowl game played on Saturday, November 29, 1997, at Fawcett Stadium in Canton, Ohio. It featured the Olivet Nazarene Tigers against the MidAmerica Nazarene Pioneers.  The Tigers won 56–42.

Olivet Nazarene University
Olivet Nazarene University (ONU) is a private university in Bourbonnais, Illinois, United States. It is affiliated with the Church of the Nazarene. Named for its founding location, Olivet, Illinois, ONU was originally established as a grammar school in east-central Illinois in 1907.  In the late 1930s, it moved to the campus in Bourbonnais.
Rosa Dainelli
Rosa Dainelli (2 May 1901 – 17 March 1973) was an Italian doctor from Cuveglio who was working in East africa  during World War II, when Allied forces liberated all of East Africa from Italian occupation in the Horn of Africa and returned it to the Ethiopian Empire. She subsequently participated in the Italian guerrilla war in Ethiopia against the Allies before returning to Italy.

Cuveglio
Cuveglio (Cüéi in lombard)is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Varese in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northwest of Milan and about 12 kilometres (7 mi) northwest of Varese. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 3,228 and an area of 7.7 square kilometres (3.0 sq mi).

The municipality of Cuveglio contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Vergobbio, Cavona, and Canonica di Cuveglio.

Cuveglio borders the following municipalities: Casalzuigno, Cassano Valcuvia, Castello Cabiaglio, Cuvio, Duno, Rancio Valcuvia.
The Greatest Songs of the Eighties
The Greatest Songs of the Eighties is an album by Barry Manilow, released on November 24, 2008 through Arista. It was the follow-up to his 2007 album, The Greatest Songs of the Seventies and features 12 songs from the decade of the 1980s.

It was announced that Manilow would preview the album on November 20, 2008, on QVC in an hour long show, QVC Live from the Las Vegas Hilton.
Additional recordings that didn't make the final cut include "Every Time You Go Away" (released in the UK) and "Biggest Part of Me", "Everybody Wants To Rule the World" and "Every Breath You Take", all three of which can be found on the rare Songs From the Vault CD.

Westgate Las Vegas
The Westgate Las Vegas Resort & Casino is a hotel, casino, and timeshare resort in Winchester, Nevada. Located near the northern end of the Las Vegas Strip, it is owned by Westgate Resorts. It opened in 1969 as the International Hotel, and was known for many years as the Las Vegas Hilton, then briefly as the LVH – Las Vegas Hotel and Casino. From 1981 to 1990, it was the largest hotel in the world.
Evolution of languages
The evolution of languages or history of language includes the evolution, divergence and development of languages throughout time, as reconstructed based on glottochronology, comparative linguistics, written records and other historical linguistics techniques. The origin of language is a hotly contested topic, with some languages tentatively traced back to the Paleolithic. However, archaeological and written records only extend the history of language into ancient times and the Neolithic.

The distribution of languages has changed substantially over time. Major regional languages like Elamite, Sogdian, Koine Greek, or Nahuatl in ancient, post-classical and early modern times have been overtaken by others due to changing balance of power, conflict and migration. The relative status of languages has also changed, as with the decline in prominence of French and German relative to English in the late 20th century.

Historical linguistics
Historical linguistics, also known as diachronic linguistics, is the scientific study of how languages change over time. It seeks to understand the nature and causes of linguistic change and to trace the evolution of languages. Historical linguistics involves several key areas of study, including the reconstruction of ancestral languages, the classification of languages into families, (comparative linguistics) and the analysis of the cultural and social influences on language development.

This field is grounded in the uniformitarian principle, which posits that the processes of language change observed today were also at work in the past, unless there is clear evidence to suggest otherwise. Historical linguists aim to describe and explain changes in individual languages, explore the history of speech communities, and study the origins and meanings of words (etymology).
Margaret, Duchess of Norfolk
Margaret of Norfolk or Margaret of Brotherton,  Duchess of Norfolk in her own right (sometimes surnamed as "Margaret Marshal"; c. 1322–24 March 1399), was an English peer, the daughter and eventual sole heir of Thomas of Brotherton, eldest son of King Edward I of England by his second marriage. In 1338, she succeeded to the earldom of Norfolk and the office of Earl Marshal. In 1397, she was created Duchess of Norfolk for life.

Pope Clement VI
Pope Clement VI (Latin: Clemens VI; 1291 – 6 December 1352), born Pierre Roger, was head of the Catholic Church from 7 May 1342 to his death, in December 1352. He was the fourth Avignon pope. Clement reigned during the first visitation of the Black Death (1348–1350), during which he granted remission of sins to all who died of the plague.

Roger steadfastly resisted temporal encroachments on the Church's ecclesiastical jurisdiction, and, as pope Clement VI, entrenched French dominance of the Church and opened its coffers to enhance the regal splendour of the Papacy. He recruited composers and music theorists for his court, including figures associated with the then-innovative Ars Nova style of France and the Low Countries.
Art Perry
Arthur Aaron Perry (born 1946) is an American former collegiate basketball coach, active from 1973 to 2000.  He held head coaching positions at American University and Delaware State University, in addition to five assistant coaching positions at the collegiate level.  He amassed a career record as head coach in NCAA Division I basketball programs of 34 wins and 78 losses.  Through his coaching career, Perry was noted for being an effective recruiter of players, and he emphasized mentorship of young athletes.

Coach (basketball)
Basketball coaching is the act of directing and strategizing the behavior of a basketball team or individual basketball player. Basketball coaching typically encompasses the improvement of individual and team offensive and defensive skills, as well as overall physical conditioning. Coaches also have the responsibility to improve their team by player development, strategy, and in-game management. Coaches also teach and inspire their team to be their best.

Coaching is usually performed by a single person, often with the help of one or more assistants.
Kodaira's classification
In mathematics, Kodaira's classification is either

The Enriques–Kodaira classification, a classification of complex surfaces, or

Kodaira's classification of singular fibers, which classifies the possible fibers of an elliptic fibration.

Enriques–Kodaira classification
In mathematics, the Enriques–Kodaira classification groups compact complex surfaces into ten classes, each parametrized by a moduli space. For most of the classes the moduli spaces are well understood, but for the class of surfaces of general type the moduli spaces seem too complicated to describe explicitly, though some components are known.

Max Noether began the systematic study of algebraic surfaces, and Guido Castelnuovo proved important parts of the classification. Federigo Enriques described the classification of complex projective surfaces. Kunihiko Kodaira later extended the classification to include non-algebraic compact surfaces.
Jean-Guy Allard
Jean-Guy Allard (february 13, 1948 – August 16, 2016) was a Canadian journalist, who worked as an editor and reporter for Le Journal de Montréal and Le Journal de Québec from 1971 to 2000. He retired to Cuba, and later wrote for Granma. He wrote several books, including one on Robert Ménard and Reporters without Borders, and one on Luis Posada Carriles.

Robert Ménard
Robert Ménard (French: [ʁɔbɛʁ menaʁ]; born 6 July 1953) is a French politician and former journalist who has served as Mayor of Béziers since 2014.

He co-founded the Paris-based international NGO Reporters Without Borders, which he led as its general-secretary from 1985 to 2008. He subsequently participated in the launch of the far-right information website Boulevard Voltaire in 2012. An independent politician since 1981, he was elected to the mayorship of Béziers in 2014. He joined the Les Amoureux de la France alliance in 2017.
Battle of Mongiovino
The Battle of Mongiovino was a military engagement of the First War of Castro fought on 6 September 1643 between the Papal forces, commanded by Taddeo Barberini (nephew of Pope Urban VIII), and the forces of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, led by Mattias de' Medici, brother of Ferdinando II of Tuscany.

The battle took place near the village of Mongiovino, in the municipality of Panicale, approximately 38 kilometres (24 mi) from Perugia.

The people of Panicale, caught by surprise, allowed the Tuscan forces to enter their fortified town in an attempt to avoid worse outcomes, following advice from local notables.

Panicale
Panicale is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Perugia in the Italian region Umbria. Located on the eastern slope of Mount Petrarvella, in the southeast of Valdichiana, it overlooks Lake Trasimeno and is about 35 km from Perugia.

As of 1 January 2025, it had a population of 5,312 and an area of 78.8 km2. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").
Giffard Cove
Giffard Cove (64°37′S 61°42′W﻿ / ﻿64.617°S 61.700°W﻿ / -64.617; -61.700) is a cove 1 nautical mile (1.9 km) wide on the west side of Charlotte Bay, along the west coast of Graham Land. It was charted by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition under Gerlache, 1897–99.  It was named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) in 1960 for Henri Giffard (1825–1882), a French engineer who constructed and flew the first truly navigable balloon (dirigible airship), in 1852.

Cove
A cove is a small bay or coastal inlet. They usually have narrow, restricted entrances, are often circular or oval, and are often situated within a larger bay. Small, narrow, sheltered bays, inlets, tidal creeks, or recesses in a coast are often considered coves.

Colloquially, the term can be used to describe a sheltered bay. Geomorphology describes coves as precipitously walled and rounded cirque-like openings like a valley extending into or down a mountainside, or in a hollow or nook of a cliff or steep mountainside. A cove can also refer to a corner, nook, or cranny, either in a river, road, or wall, especially where the wall meets the floor.
John Cantine
Johannes "John" Cantine (October 20, 1735 – April 30, 1808) was an American politician.

Born in Marbletown, New York, Cantine served in both houses of the New York Legislature. Cantine also served in the New York state convention concerning the ratification of the United States Constitution. In 1801, Cantine was elected as a Federalist to the United States House of Representatives, for the New York Seventh Congressional District, but declined to take the office. His son was Moses I. Cantine.

Marbletown, New York
Marbletown is a town in Ulster County, New York, United States. The population was 5,658 at the 2020 census.  It is located near the center of Ulster County, southwest of the City of Kingston. US 209 and NY 213 pass through the town. It is at the eastern edge of the Catskill Park.
Southland Conference women's soccer tournament
The Southland Conference women's soccer tournament is the conference championship tournament in women's soccer for the Southland Conference. The winner of the tournament receives the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA Division I women's soccer tournament.

Four teams, Lamar, Northwestern State, Southeastern Louisiana, and Texas State are the most winning teams with five titles each.

Southeastern Louisiana Lions and Lady Lions
The Southeastern Louisiana Lions and Lady Lions are composed of 14 teams representing Southeastern Louisiana University in intercollegiate athletics, competing in the NCAA Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) and are members of the Southland Conference.
Herbert A. David
Herbert Aron David (December 19, 1925 — July 14, 2014) was a German-born American mathematical statistician. He was distinguished professor emeritus of statistics at Iowa State University. He was a fellow of the American Statistical Association, the American Association for the Advancement of Science and the Institute of Mathematical Statistics. He was an elected member of the International Statistical Institute.

American Statistical Association
The American Statistical Association (ASA) is the main professional organization for statisticians and related professionals in the United States. It was founded in Boston, Massachusetts, on November 27, 1839, and is the second-oldest continuously operating professional society in the U.S. behind the Massachusetts Medical Society (founded in 1781). ASA services statisticians, quantitative scientists, and users of statistics across many academic areas and applications. The association publishes a variety of journals and sponsors several international conferences every year.
Tiina Ranne
Tiina Ranne (born 6 December 1994) is a Finnish ice hockey goaltender, currently playing with KalPa Kuopio of the Naisten Liiga and the Finnish national team. She previously played for Team Oriflame Kuortane, JYP Jyväskylä Naiset, and HPK Kiekkonaiset in the Naisten Liiga (called Naisten SM-sarja during 1982 to 2017).

She participated at the 2016 IIHF Women's World Championship.

2016 IIHF Women's World Championship
The 2016 IIHF Women's World Championship was the 17th such event organized by the International Ice Hockey Federation. The tournament was played in Kamloops, Canada, from 28 March to 4 April 2016. Venues included the Sandman Centre, and the McArthur Island Sport and Event Centre.

Two-time defending champions, the United States, securing their third consecutive and seventh title overall, after defeated Canada in the gold medal game 1–0 in overtime. Russia won the bronze medal by defeating Finland in a shootout.
My Bare Lady (TV series)
My Bare Lady is a 2006 United Kingdom-based reality TV show that aired on the Fox Reality Channel.  The series followed four American female pornographic stars as they took acting lessons and performed in scenes from classic drama alongside British actors in London's West End.  The show was hosted by British actor/director Christopher Biggins and the women were trained by Biggins and various other British theatre professionals, including Louie Spence of Pineapple Dance Studios fame.

The show is named after a 1963 film whose title is a pun recalling the Pygmalion-inspired musical My Fair Lady by Alan Jay Lerner and Frederick Loewe, popularized in a film adaptation starring Audrey Hepburn.

Christopher Biggins
Christopher Biggins (born 16 December 1948) is an English actor and television personality. He became widely known for his roles in television series such as Porridge, Poldark and I, Claudius in the 1970s. He later became known for making frequent appearances as a celebrity on television, which included winning the 2007 series of I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!, and has performed frequently in pantomime.