hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James Wreford Watson
Prof James Wreford Watson FRSE FRSC IBG LLD (February 8, 1915 – September 18, 1990) was a Scottish Canadian geographer and cartographer, who served as the Chief Geographer of Canada and the first president of the Canadian Association of Geographers. He was also a poet who wrote under the name James Wreford and was the recipient of Canada's top literary honor, the Governor General's Award, for his poetry.

Governor General's Awards
The Governor General's Awards are a collection of annual awards presented by the governor general of Canada, recognizing distinction in numerous academic, artistic, and social fields.

The first award was conceived and inaugurated in 1937 by the Lord Tweedsmuir, a prolific writer of fiction and non-fiction; he created the Governor General's Literary Award with two award categories. Successive governors general have followed suit, establishing an award for whichever endeavour they personally found important. Only Adrienne Clarkson created three Governor General's Awards: the Governor General's Award in Visual and Media Arts, the Governor General's Northern Medal, and the Governor General's Medal in Architecture (though this was effectively a continuation of the Massey Medal, first established in 1950).
Tafingoult
Tafingoult is a small town and rural commune in Taroudant Province of the Souss-Massa-Drâa region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 6559 people living in 1070 households.

Souss-Massa-Drâa
Souss-Massa-Drâa (Arabic: سوس ماسة درعة) was formerly one of the sixteen regions of Morocco from 1997 to 2015. It covered an area of 70,880 km2 and had a population of 3,601,917 (2014 census). The capital is Agadir. One of the major languages spoken in this region of Morocco is tasoussit variant of Tashelhit.
2010 Cebu local elections
Local elections were  held in the province of Cebu on May 10, 2010 within the Philippine general election. The voters elected a mayor, vice mayor, nine district representatives (including two from Cebu City and the newly formed lone district of Lapu-Lapu City, and town and city councilors as well as two provincial board members came from six provincial districts.

Malabuyoc
Malabuyoc, officially the Municipality of Malabuyoc (Cebuano: Lungsod sa Malabuyoc; Tagalog: Bayan ng Malabuyoc), is a municipality in the province of Cebu, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 20,378 people.
2005 RCA Championships
The 2005 RCA Championships was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 18th edition of the event known that year as the RCA Championships, and was part of the International Series of the 2005 ATP Tour. It took place at the Indianapolis Tennis Center in Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, from July 18 through July 25, 2005. It was the first event of the 2005 US Open series. Robby Ginepri won the singles title.

US Open Series
The US Open Series was the name given by the United States Tennis Association (USTA) to a series of North American professional tennis tournaments leading up to and including the US Open. It was part of the "North American hard-court season".
Nikolay Zheludev
Nikolay I. Zheludev FRS NAE (born 23 April 1955) is a Professor of Physics and Deputy Director of the Optoelectronics Research Centre at the University of Southampton, UK. Concurrently with his appointment at the University of Southampton, he has held the post of President’s Professor of Physics at the Nanyang Technological University Singapore from 2012 to 2024. He is a Hagler Fellow, Hagler Institute for Advanced Study, Texas A&M University, USA and a Distinguished Fellow, Institute of Advanced Studies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. He is a fellow of the Institute of Physics, American Physical Society,  European Physical Society and Optica. He was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in 2018 and a Member of the US National Academy of Engineering in 2019.

Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
The Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) is a council of UK Research and Innovation (UKRI), a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Science, Innovation and Technology, responsible for funding grants to undertake research and postgraduate degrees in engineering and the physical sciences, mainly to universities in the United Kingdom. EPSRC research areas include mathematics, physics, chemistry, artificial intelligence and computer science, but exclude particle physics, nuclear physics, space science and astronomy (which fall under the remit of the Science and Technology Facilities Council).
Doctor of Medical Science
A Doctor of Medical Science (DMS or DMSc) is a professional doctoral degree offered by nine universities in the United States, in addition to other universities around the world. The degree is often pursued by physician assistants (PAs), however some programs such as the Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences allow for non-PA applicants. Often, non-PA applicants must be licensed healthcare providers holding at least a Master's degree. Holders of the Doctor of Medical Science degree are entitled to the post-nominal letters of DMS or DMSc. One institution, the Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, issues the Doctor of Science in Physician Assistant Studies, an equivalent degree that uses the postnominals of DScPAS. It is also known as a Doctor of Physician Assistant Studies.

Harvard University, through the Harvard School of Dental Medicine, also grants the DMSc for specialist study in geriatric dentistry.

Post-nominal letters
Post-nominal letters, also called post-nominal initials, post-nominal titles, designatory letters, or simply post-nominals, are letters placed after a person's name to indicate that the individual holds a position, an academic degree, accreditation, an office, a military decoration, or honour, or is a member of a religious institute or fraternity. An individual may use several different sets of post-nominal letters, but in some contexts it may be customary to limit the number of sets to one or just a few. The order in which post-nominals are listed after a name is based on rules of precedence and what is appropriate for a given situation. Post-nominal letters are one of the main types of name suffix. In contrast, pre-nominal letters precede the name rather than follow it, such as addressing a physician or professor as "Dr. Smith".
Bambawali-Ravi-Bedian Canal
Bambanwala-Ravi-Bedian Canal (BRB Canal), also called Ichogil Canal (by Indian authors), is a manmade waterway in Pakistan that takes off from the Upper Chenab Canal near the Bambanwala village (to the west of Daska), runs southeast until reaching close to the India-Pakistan border and then runs south parallel to the border. It ends at the Sutlej near Kanganpur 100 km south of Lahore. It is the source of the Lahore Canal which runs westwards to the city of Lahore.

Marala Headworks
Marala Headworks is a headworks situated on the Chenab River near the city of Sialkot in Sialkot district in Punjab, Pakistan. A weir was first built during 1906–1912 in the British India to feed the Upper Chenab Canal, as part of the 'Triple Canals Project'. A new Marala Barrage  was constructed in 1968 to feed the Marala–Ravi Link Canal in addition to the original Upper Chenab Canal.
Elizabeth Young (actress)
Elizabeth Young (September 3, 1913 – March 2, 2007) was an American actress. She appeared in four movies of the mid-1930s: Big Executive (1933), Queen Christina (1933), There's Always Tomorrow (1934), and East of Java (1935).

Young was the daughter of a judge, and was educated at Spence School in New York City. She first acted on Broadway, then in Hollywood. During World War II, Young was active in the American Red Cross.

Young was the first wife of writer-director-producer Joseph L. Mankiewicz, with whom she had a son, Eric. She was next married to publisher Eugene Reynal; they divorced in 1946. In 1948, Young wed Hugh Walker, a furniture manufacturer. Young's final husband was Henry Darbee, a Connecticut architect, whom she married in 1971.

Spence School
The Spence School is an American all-girls private school in New York City, founded in 1892 by Clara B. Spence.

Spence has about 740 students, with grades K-4 representing the Lower School, 5-8 representing the Middle School, and 9-12 representing the Upper School. Lower school average class sizes are 16-18 and middle and upper school average class sizes are 13–14. The student: teacher ratio is 7:1 and students of color in all grades make up approximately 33 percent of the student body.

For the 2025–26 academic year, tuition and fees total $68,480 for all grades. Its sister schools are the all-girls Brearley School, the all-girls Chapin School and the all-boys Collegiate School, all in New York City. Forbes magazine ranked Spence ninth on its "America's Best Prep Schools" list in 2010.
Casalnoceto
Casalnoceto is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Alessandria in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) east of Turin and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) east of Alessandria.

Casalnoceto borders the following municipalities: Castellar Guidobono, Godiasco, Pontecurone, Rivanazzano Terme, Viguzzolo, Volpedo, and Volpeglino.

Province of Alessandria
The province of Alessandria (Italian: provincia di Alessandria; Piedmontese: provincia ëd Lissandria; in Piedmontese of Alessandria: provinsa ëd Lissändria) is an province of the region of Piedmont in Italy. The capital is the city of Alessandria. It has a population of 407,029 across its 187 municipalities as of 2025.

With an area of 3,558.83 square kilometres (1,374.07 mi2) it is the third largest province of Piedmont after the province of Cuneo and the Metropolitan City of Turin. To the north it borders on the province of Vercelli and to the west on the Metropolitan City of Turin and the province of Asti. It shares its southern border with Liguria (province of Savona and the Metropolitan City of Genoa). Its south-east corner touches the Province of Piacenza in Emilia-Romagna, while to the east it borders on the Lombard province of Pavia.
Uziel Muñoz
Uziel Muñoz Galarza (born 8 September 1995) is a Mexican athlete specialising in the shot put. He won the silver medal at the 2025 World Athletics Championships, to become the first Mexican to win a medal in a throwing event at the World Athletics Championships.

Born in Nuevo Casas Grandes, his personal bests in the event are 21.97 metres outdoors (2025 Tokyo World Championships) and 19.67 metres indoors (Albuquerque 2019).

Nuevo Casas Grandes
Nuevo Casas Grandes is a city and the seat of the Nuevo Casas Grandes Municipality in northern Mexico. It is located in the northwestern part of the state of Chihuahua, on the Casas Grandes or San Miguel river, situated in a wide, fertile valley on the 4,000-foot Mesa del Norte of the Plateau of Mexico. Nearby is the Sierra Madre Occidental.
Rudawy Janowickie
The Rudawy Janowickie (Czech: Janovické rudohoří; Silesian: Czyrwōnkasty Janowickie) or Landeshut Ridge is a mountain range in the Sudetes in Lower Silesian Voivodeship in south-western Poland. 
The highest point is Ostra Mała (Sharp Little) - the southwestern summit of Skalnik. The most difficult is Enis, whose easiest route is rated VI UIAA.

Janowice Wielkie
Janowice Wielkie [janɔˈvit͡sɛ ˈvjɛlkʲɛ] is a village in Karkonosze County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It is the seat of the administrative district (gmina) called Gmina Janowice Wielkie.

It is a summer resort in the foothills of the Silesian or Great Mountains. From here is a direct route south to Bolczów Castle, elevation 561 m or 1,841 ft, the imposing ruins of an old castle destroyed by the Swedes in 1643.
Huerfano Butte
Huerfano Butte (/ˈwɛərfənoʊ/; Spanish pronunciation: [ˈweɾfano]) is a volcanic plug or hypabyssal plug located 8.8 miles (14.1 km) north of Walsenburg in Huerfano County, Colorado, United States. Named Huérfano (English: orphan) by early Spanish explorers, it rises above the south side of the Huerfano River with its peak about 200 feet (61 m) above the floodplain.

A historical marker was placed on the east side of Interstate 25 to commemorate its position near the Trapper's Trail to Taos, New Mexico. It was passed by John Williams Gunnison and John C. Frémont during their surveys for the railroads. Other places are now also named after the butte, Huerfano County and Huerfano River.

Volcanic plug
A volcanic plug, also called a volcanic neck or lava neck, is a volcanic object created when magma hardens within a vent on an active volcano. When present, a plug can cause an extreme build-up of high gas pressure if rising volatile-charged magma is trapped beneath it, and this can sometimes lead to an explosive eruption.  In a plinian eruption the plug is destroyed and ash is ejected.

Glacial erosion can lead to exposure of the plug on one side, while a long slope of material remains on the opposite side. Such landforms are called crag and tail. If a plug is preserved, erosion may remove the surrounding rock while the erosion-resistant plug remains, producing a distinctive upstanding landform.
Begum Nusrat Bhutto International Airport
Sukkur Airport (IATA: SKZ, ICAO: OPSK), also known as Begum Nusrat Bhutto International Airport Sukkur, is a domestic airport located in Sukkur, Sindh, Pakistan. It is a medium-sized airport located about 8 km (5.0 mi) from the centre of Sukkur, and serves Sukkur and its surrounding areas; Khairpur, Jacobabad, Sibi and Shikarpur.

Sukkur International Airport is the second main operational airport in Sindh, after Jinnah International Airport, Karachi. The paved runway is about 2,700 metres long. It also handles international flights, especially in time of emergencies and flights diversions from other airports due to bad weather conditions.

It is the main alternative to Karachi's Jinnah International Airport, with a distance of about 350 km (220 mi), well under an hour's flight time by turboprop aircraft, and less than 35 minutes by jet.

Jinnah International Airport
Jinnah International Airport (Urdu: جناح بین الاقوامی ہوائی اڈا) (IATA: KHI, ICAO: OPKC), formerly Drigh Road Airport or Karachi International Airport, is Pakistan's second busiest international and domestic airport in terms of total passengers, being surpassed by Islamabad International Airport in 2024–2025. Located in Karachi, the largest city and commercial capital of Pakistan and capital of the province of Sindh, it is named after Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the statesman founder of Pakistan.

The airport is managed by the Pakistan Civil Aviation Authority (PCAA), and serves as a hub for the national flag carrier, Pakistan International Airlines (PIA), airblue, and many other private airlines. The airport is equipped with aircraft engineering and overhauling facilities including the Ispahani Hangar for wide-body aircraft.
R. Doraisamy
R. Doraisamy, also known as Challenger Dorai, is an Indian politician and was a member of the 14th Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly from the Coimbatore South constituency. He represented the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam party. In 2024, he joined the Bharatiya Janata Party in the presence of Tamil Nadu BJP chief K. Annamalai and Rajeev Chandrasekhar.

The elections of 2016 resulted in his constituency being won by Amman K. Arjunan.

2016 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election
The Fifteenth Legislative Assembly Election was held on 16 May 2016 for the 232 seats (except Thanjavur and Aravakurichi for which held on 26 October 2016) of the Legislative Assembly in the state of Tamil Nadu in India. The AIADMK under J. Jayalalithaa won the elections and became the first ruling party to be re-elected in Tamil Nadu since 1984, though with a simple majority. The DMK won half of the seats it contested but its allies performed poorly; notably, the Indian National Congress won 16% of the seats they contested, and the alliance lost due to its poor performance. The votes were counted on 19 May 2016. In the previous election in 2011, AIADMK had, under the leadership of Jayalalithaa, won a thumping majority and formed the government, while DMDK chief Vijayakanth served as the Leader of Opposition until January 2016. This was the last election that J. Jayalalithaa and M. Karunanidhi would contest, as they died later in 2016 and 2018, respectively.
James Jubilee Young
James Jubilee Young (1887 - 1962) was a baptist minister. He was born on 15 May 1887 in Maenclochog, Pembrokeshire.

As a minister Young worked primarily at Pontypridd (where he was ordained in 1910), and around Llanelli.  As a noted preacher, he was frequently invited to events in major cities, including London and Liverpool, and to preside over meetings in Wales.

Young retired in 1957, and died on 23 January 1962.  He was survived by his widow Mya (née Jones of Capel Rhondda), and his son.

Pontypridd
Pontypridd (/ˌpɒntɪˈpriːð/ PON-tih-PREEDH, Welsh: [ˌpɔntəˈpriːð]), colloquially referred to as Ponty, is a town and a community in Rhondda Cynon Taf, South Wales, approximately 10 miles (16 km) north west of Cardiff city centre.
Rugby League Four Nations
The Rugby League Four Nations was a rugby league football tournament run in partnership between Australia, England, New Zealand, and a guest nation which changed with every edition.

The tournament replaced the previous Tri-Nations format by including a fourth nation that qualifies by winning their respective regional competition in a rotation between Europe and the South Pacific.

Jason Nightingale
Jason Nightingale (born 20 September 1986) is a former New Zealand international rugby league footballer who played as a winger and fullback for the St. George Illawarra Dragons in the NRL.

He primarily played on the wing and as a fullback, but off the bench he's played as a centre, lock, second row and even prop. Nightingale spent his entire career with the Dragons, with whom he won the 2010 NRL Premiership. Nightingale was also a member of the New Zealand national rugby league team that beat Australia in the 2008 Rugby League World Cup Final.
Märten Ross
Märten Ross (born 26 July 1971 in Tallinn) is an Estonian economist and state official.

In 1993 he graduated from Tallinn University of Technology, and later he graduated from Stockholm University (master's degree).

From 1992 to 2011 he worked at Bank of Estonia. From 2000 to 2011 he was vice-president of Bank of Estonia.

He has been a member of the student organization Korporatsioon Vironia.

In 2008 he was awarded with Order of the White Star, III class.

Estonians
Estonians or Estonian people (Estonian: eestlased) are a Finnic ethnic group native to the Baltic Sea region in Northern Europe, primarily their nation state of Estonia.

Estonians primarily speak the Estonian language, a language closely related to other Finnic languages, e.g. Finnish, Karelian and Livonian. Estonians can also be classified into subgroups according to dialects (e.g. Võros, Setos), although such divisions have become less pronounced due to internal migration and rapid urbanisation in Estonia in the 20th century.

There are approximately 1.1 million ethnic Estonians worldwide, with the majority of them residing in their native Estonia. Estonian diaspora communities formed primarily in Finland, the United States, Sweden, Canada, and the United Kingdom.
Rossman–Prospect Avenue Historic District
The Rossman–Prospect Avenue Historic District is a small residential neighborhood located near the eastern end of the city of Hudson, New York, United States. Its houses were primarily built in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It is the smaller of the city's two historic districts.

The area was developed when the city built an aqueduct through land owned by the Rossman family for a reservoir. It was the first planned residential subdivision in the city outside its large downtown grid plan. In 1985 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Aqueduct (water supply)
An aqueduct is a watercourse constructed to carry water from a source to a distribution point far away. In modern engineering, the term aqueduct is used for any system of pipes, ditches, canals, tunnels, and other structures used for this purpose. The term aqueduct also often refers specifically to a bridge carrying an artificial watercourse.

Aqueducts were used in ancient Greece, the ancient Near East, ancient Rome, ancient Aztec, and ancient Inca. The simplest aqueducts are small ditches cut into the earth. Much larger channels may be used in modern aqueducts. Aqueducts sometimes run for some or all of their path through tunnels constructed underground. Modern aqueducts may also use pipelines. Historically, agricultural societies have constructed aqueducts to irrigate crops and supply large cities with drinking water.
Toyota District (Sanuki Province)
Toyota District (豊田郡, Toyota-gun) is a former district located in the former Sanuki Province (now Kagawa Prefecture), Japan.  Former names for Toyota include Katta District (刈田郡, Katta-gun) and Karita District (苅田郡, Karita-gun). From the Meiji period onward, it was part of Kagawa Prefecture. Toyota District was dissolved by being incorporated into the neighboring Mitoyo District.

Districts of Japan
In Japan, a district (郡, gun) is composed of one or more rural municipalities (towns or villages) within a prefecture. Districts have no governing function, and are only used for geographic or statistical purposes such as mailing addresses. Cities are not part of districts.

Historically, districts have at times functioned as an administrative unit.  From 1878 to 1921 district governments were roughly equivalent to a county of the United States, ranking below prefecture and above town or village, on the same level as a city. District governments were entirely abolished by 1926.
Gerry Ouellette
Gerald Adrian Ouellette (November 1, 1938 – October 6, 2025) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player who played 34 games in the National Hockey League during the 1960–61 season with the Boston Bruins. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1959 to 1971, was spent in various minor leagues.

During his brief stint with the Boston Bruins in 1960–61, Ouellette scored 9 points including 4 goals. He returned to the Bruins farm teams for four seasons before being picked up by the Buffalo Bisons of the American Hockey League (AHL). With the Bisons, Ouellette served as team captain during their 1969–70 Calder Cup championship win. He then captained the Omaha Knights of the Central Hockey League (CHL) to the Adams Cup in 1970–71 and later joined the Campbellton Tigers of the North Shore New Brunswick senior league where he helped them win the Hardy Cup in 1972, 1977 and 1988; the last two wins as coach. Ouellette died in Saint-Leonard, Quebec on October 6, 2025, at the age of 86.

Hardy Cup (ice hockey)
The W. G. Hardy Trophy, more commonly referred to as the Hardy Cup, was the Canadian national Intermediate "A" ice hockey championship from 1967 until 1984, and the Canadian national senior championship for Senior "AA" from 1985 until 1990. The Hardy Cup was named for W. G. Hardy, and it was retired to the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1990.
2006 Minnesota Lynx season
The 2006 Minnesota Lynx season was the 8th season for the Minnesota Lynx of the Women's National Basketball Association, and the fourth and final season under head coach Suzie McConnell-Serio.

The season tipped-off on Friday, May 23, 2006, at home against the Connecticut sun.
After the departure of Katie Smith, The Lynx failed to improve on their 14–20 record from the 2005 season, finishing with a franchise worst record of 10 wins and 24 losses and finished in last place in the division for the first time since 2002.

2006 Connecticut Sun season
The 2006 WNBA season was their eighth season and their fourth in Connecticut. The Sun attempted to return to the postseason for the fourth consecutive season and were successful. Before the season started, many thought the Sun would make their third consecutive trip to the WNBA Finals, but lost to the eventual champion Detroit Shock in 3 games.