hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Signature of a knot
The signature of a knot is a topological invariant in knot theory.  It may be computed from the Seifert surface.

Given a knot K in the 3-sphere, it has a Seifert surface S whose boundary is K.   The Seifert form of S is the pairing  given by taking the linking number  where  and  indicate the translates of a and b respectively in the positive and negative directions of the normal bundle to S.

Given a basis  for  (where g is the genus of the surface) the Seifert form can be represented as a 2g-by-2g Seifert matrix V, . The signature of the matrix , thought of as a symmetric bilinear form, is the signature of the knot K.

Slice knots are known to have zero signature.

3-sphere
In mathematics, a hypersphere or 3-sphere is a 4-dimensional analogue of a sphere, and is the 3-dimensional n-sphere. In 4-dimensional Euclidean space, it is the set of points equidistant from a fixed central point. The interior of a 3-sphere is a 4-ball.

It is called a 3-sphere because topologically, the surface itself is 3-dimensional, even though it is curved into the 4th dimension. For example, when traveling on a 3-sphere, you can go north and south, east and west, or along a 3rd set of cardinal directions. This means that a 3-sphere is an example of a 3-manifold.
Kurnos Pierwszy
Kurnos Pierwszy [ˈkurnɔs ˈpʲɛrfʂɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bełchatów, within Bełchatów County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) south-west of Bełchatów and 52 km (32 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Bełchatów
Bełchatów ([bɛu̯ˈxatuf] ⓘ) is a city in central Poland, with a population of 55,583, as of December 2021. It is located in Łódź Voivodeship, 160 kilometres (99 miles) southwest of Warsaw.

The Elektrownia Bełchatów, located in Bełchatów, is the largest coal fueled power plant in Europe and the fifth largest in the world. It produces 27–28 TWh of electricity per year, or 20% of the total power generation in Poland. 8,000 people work directly for the company that runs the coal mine and electricity plants.

The city is also known for the successful volleyball club Skra Bełchatów and local krówki (traditional Polish candy).
2003 Kroger St. Jude International – Women's doubles
Ai Sugiyama and Elena Tatarkova were the defending champions, but did not compete this year.

Qualifiers Akiko Morigami and Saori Obata won the title by defeating Alina Jidkova and Bryanne Stewart 6–1, 6–1 in the final.

Elena Tatarkova
Elena Tatarkova or Olena Tatarkova (Ukrainian: Олена Tатаркова, born 22 August 1976) is a former professional tennis player from Ukraine.

She won four doubles titles on WTA Tour, and four singles and 25 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. Her best career result came in doubles; she reached the 1999 Wimbledon final with partner Mariaan de Swardt, which they lost to Lindsay Davenport and Corina Morariu. Tatarkova also made the 2001 French Open doubles semifinals with Justine Henin. She reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 45, and highest doubles ranking of No. 9, both in 1999.

Since retiring from professional tennis in 2004, she married Timothy Feltham in September 2007 and is mother to Stanley (Apr 2009) and Austin (Feb 2012)
Dimetofrine
Dimetofrine (INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name), also known as dimethophrine or dimetophrine and sold under the brand names Dovida, Pressamina, and Superten, is a medication described as a sympathomimetic, vasoconstrictor, and cardiac stimulant. It is said to be similarly or less effective than midodrine in the treatment of orthostatic hypotension and shows substantially lower potency.

The drug is a selective α1-adrenergic receptor agonist but is also said to have β-adrenergic receptor agonist activity. It is a substituted phenethylamine and is also known as 3,5-dimethoxy-4,β-dihydroxy-N-methylphenethylamine. Its chemical structure is similar to that of desglymidodrine (3,6-dimethoxy-β-hydroxyphenethylamine), the active metabolite of midodrine.

Dimetofrine remained marketed only in Italy in 2000.

Substituted phenethylamine
Substituted phenethylamines (or simply phenethylamines) are a chemical class of organic compounds that are based upon the phenethylamine structure; the class is composed of all the derivative compounds of phenethylamine which can be formed by replacing, or substituting, one or more hydrogen atoms in the phenethylamine core structure with substituents. Phenylethylamines are also generally found to be central nervous system stimulants with many also being entactogens/empathogens, and hallucinogens.
Paul Boos
Paul Boos (born June 2, 1958, in Sioux Falls, South Dakota) is an American dancer, ballet master, archivist, and répétiteur. He danced with New York City Ballet from 1977 until 1990 before becoming a guest teacher for the Royal Danish Ballet. In addition to teaching internationally, he is part of a select group of répétiteurs sanctioned by the Balanchine Trust to set the ballets of George Balanchine. Having previously served as Project Associate since 2016, in 2021, Boos was appointed to Director of the Video Archives for the George Balanchine Foundation.

Dances at a Gathering
Dances at a Gathering is a ballet choreographed by Jerome Robbins to music by Frédéric Chopin, with costumes designed by Joe Eula. The ballet premiered on May 22, 1969, at the New York State Theater, performed by the New York City Ballet.
Avenida Vieira Souto
Avenida Vieira Souto is a largely residential street in Rio de Janeiro. The street passes along the beach through the neighborhood of Ipanema. On its west end, after crossing Avenida Epitácio Pessoa, the street continues straight and uninterrupted into the adjacent neighborhood of Leblon, where the street takes a different name, Avenida Delfim Moreira. On its east end, the street turns to continue into the neighborhood of Copacabana, where it takes the name Rua Francisco Otaviano. Some of Rio de Janeiro's most expensive residences are found on Avenida Vieira Souto. On Sundays, the half of the street near to the beach is closed to allow people to walk and ride bicycles.

Leblon
Leblon (Portuguese pronunciation: [leˈblõ]) is a neighborhood of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is also the name of the local beach. The neighborhood is located in the South Zone of the city, between Lagoa Rodrigo de Freitas, Morro Dois Irmãos and the Jardim de Alah channel, bordering the Gávea, Ipanema, Lagoa, and Vidigal neighborhoods. It is regarded as a very affluent area.

Leblon began as a quilombo of escaped slaves created by a Portuguese abolitionist landowner.
Francis Carmichael Bruce
Francis Carmichael Bruce (born December 29, 1837, in Peebleshire, Scotland-died July 9, 1928) was a politician and businessman. He was elected to the House of Commons of Canada in the 1900 election as a Member of the historical Conservative Party to represent the riding of Hamilton. He lost in the election of 1904 in the riding of Hamilton West. He also served as a councillor for the city of Hamilton, Ontario.

Hamilton (federal electoral district)
Hamilton was a federal electoral district represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1904. It was located in the province of Ontario and consisted of the city of Hamilton.

It was created by the British North America Act 1867. In 1872, it was assigned a second seat in the House of Commons so that it elected two Members of Parliament at each election.

The electoral district was abolished in 1903 when it was divided into Hamilton West and Hamilton East ridings.
1997 in Armenian football
The 1997 season was the sixth season of independent football in Armenia following the split-up from the Soviet Union. It was the return to the summer competition format after using the winter competition format for two seasons.  The Armenian Premier League for 1997 existed of 10 teams of which the lowest ranked team would relegate to the Armenian First League and would be replaced by the champions of that league.

Armenian First League
The Armenian First League (Armenian: Հայաստանի Առաջին լիգա, romanized: Hayastani Arrajin liga) is currently the second level football competition in Armenia after the Armenian Premier League. The competition exists mostly out of reserve teams of several Premier League clubs; however, other teams also participate. The reserve teams are not eligible for promotion to the highest level, resulting in situations where a club promotes even when they finish the season in a mid-table position.
Lohaghat
Lohaghat (Kumaoni: Loghāt) is a town and a nagar palika in Champawat district in the Indian state of Uttarakhand. Lohaghat is also famous for its various cultural events like Holi Rang Mahotsav, Devidhar Mela etc. The most special thing regarding Lohaghat is the Ramleela of Lohaghat which is one of the oldest Ramleela of the Kumaon division.

Nagar panchayat
A nagar panchayat (transl. 'town council') or town panchayat or Notified Area Council (NAC) in India is a settlement in transition from rural to urban and therefore a form of an urban political unit comparable to a municipality. An urban centre with more than 12,000 and less than 40,000 inhabitants is classified as a nagar panchayat. The population requirement for a town panchayat can vary from state to state.

Such councils are formed under the panchayati raj administrative system. In census data, the abbreviation T.P. is used to indicate a "town panchayat". Tamil Nadu was the first state to introduce the panchayat town as an intermediate step between rural villages and urban local bodies (ULB). The structure and the functions of the nagar panchayat are decided by the state government.
Hah Myung-joong
Hah Myung-joong (Korean: 하명중; born May 14, 1947) is a South Korean actor, film director, producer, planner, and screenwriter. Hah started his career as an actor, but expanded his career to film directing, and film producing. Hah graduated from Kyung Hee University with a major in English literature. His brother Ha Gil-jong was a film director. His 1985 film Daengbyeot was entered into the 35th Berlin International Film Festival.

Grand Bell Awards
The Grand Bell Awards (Korean: 대종상 영화제; RR: Daejongsang yeonghwaje), also known as the Daejong Film Awards, are annual awards presented for excellence in film in South Korea. The Grand Bell Awards retains prestige as the oldest continuous film awards held in South Korea, and has been called the Korean equivalent of the American Academy Awards.

Since 2025, the trademark of the Grand Bell Awards officially belong to the Korea Film Planning Producers Association.
Harrisonburg Transit
Harrisonburg Transit is the municipally owned public transportation system for the City of Harrisonburg in the Shenandoah Valley region of Virginia. The system is operated by the Harrisonburg Department of Public Transportation (HDPT).  Funding for the bus service is provided by the Virginia Department of Transportation, U.S. Department of Transportation, James Madison University, and the City of Harrisonburg.

Shenandoah Valley
The Shenandoah Valley (/ˌʃɛnənˈdoʊə/) is a geographic valley and cultural region of western Virginia and the eastern panhandle of West Virginia in the United States. The Valley is bounded to the east by the Blue Ridge Mountains, to the west by the eastern front of the Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians (excluding Massanutten Mountain), to the north by the Potomac River, to the south by the James River, and to the Southwest by the New River Valley. The cultural region covers a larger area that includes all of the Valley plus the Virginia Highlands to the west and the Roanoke Valley to the south. It is physiographically located within the Ridge and Valley Province and is a portion of the Great Appalachian Valley.
Hal Holbrook filmography
Harold Rowe Holbrook Jr. (February 17, 1925 – January 23, 2021) was an American film, stage, and television actor. He was notable for his one-man stage show as Mark Twain.

Holbrook made his film debut in Sidney Lumet's The Group (1966). He later gained international fame for his performance as Deep Throat in the 1976 film All the President's Men. He played Abraham Lincoln in the 1974 miniseries Lincoln. He has also appeared in such films as Julia (1977), The Fog (1980), Creepshow (1982), Wall Street (1987), The Firm (1993), Hercules (1997), and Men of Honor (2000).

Holbrook's role as Ron Franz in Sean Penn's Into the Wild (2007) earned him both Screen Actors Guild Award and Academy Award nominations for Best Supporting Actor.

In his later career, Holbrook appeared as Francis Preston Blair in Steven Spielberg's Lincoln (2012), provided his voice as Mayday in the Disney animated film Planes: Fire & Rescue (2014) and as Whizzer in Blackway (2015).

Men of Honor
Men of Honor (released in the UK and Ireland as Men of Honour) is a 2000 American drama film directed by George Tillman Jr. and starring Robert De Niro and Cuba Gooding Jr. The film is inspired by the true story of Master Chief Petty Officer Carl Brashear, the first African American master diver in the United States Navy.

Men of Honor was released by 20th Century Fox on November 10, 2000. The film received mixed reviews from critics and grossed $82.3 million against a $32 million budget.
Fenton, Saskatchewan
Fenton, formerly Adams Crossing, is an unincorporated community south-east of Prince Albert, Saskatchewan, Canada. It is 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) west from Birch Hills. Fenton is on the banks of the South Saskatchewan River, east of Halcro and south-west of the Muskoday First Nation. The Fenton Ferry is operational seasonally and hosts mainly local traffic. Fenton has a long history dating back to Anglo-Metis settlement before the North-West Rebellion. It is situated in the Aspen parkland biome.

Muskoday First Nation
The Muskoday First Nation (Cree: ᒪᐢᑯᑌᐤ, maskotêw, formerly the John Smith First Nation) is a First Nation band government in Saskatchewan, Canada, composed of Cree and Saulteaux peoples.  The First Nation has a registered population of 1,828 people as of September 2014, of which approximately 623 members of the First Nation live on-reserve, and approximately 1204 live off-reserve. Muskoday's territory is located in the aspen parkland biome. It is bordered by the rural municipalities of Birch Hills No. 460 and Prince Albert No. 461.
The Rainmaker (TV series)
The Rainmaker is an American legal drama television series. Based on John Grisham's 1995 novel of the same name and starring John Slattery, it premiered on USA Network on August 15, 2025. In October 2025, the series was renewed for a second season.

Austin Nichols
Austin Nichols (born April 24, 1980) is an American actor and director, known for his role as Julian Baker in The CW drama series One Tree Hill. He is also known for his roles in the films The Day After Tomorrow and Wimbledon. He starred as John Monad in the HBO drama series John from Cincinnati, and portrayed Spencer Monroe in the AMC horror drama series The Walking Dead.
Port Royal, Newfoundland and Labrador
Port Royal is an abandoned settlement in Newfoundland and Labrador.

The town was sustained by fisheries, and, at its height, had a population of 80-100 people. In the early 1960s, the population was resettled. A reunion was held in 1993, and the town is inhabited during the summer.
It is located on Long Island, Placentia Bay, close to Harbour Buffett.

Resettlement (Newfoundland)
Resettlement in Newfoundland and Labrador terms refers to an organized approach to centralize the population into growth areas. It is used in the current context when referring to a voluntary relocation initiated from isolated communities themselves.

Three attempts of resettlement were initiated by the Government between 1954 and 1975 which resulted in the abandonment of 300 communities and nearly 30,000 people moved. Government's attempt of resettlement has been viewed as one of the most controversial government programs of the post-Confederation Newfoundland and Labrador.

In the 21st century, the Community Relocation Policy allows for voluntary relocation of isolated settlements. From 2002 to 2020, nine communities relocated.
Nusrit Mehtab
Nusrit Mehtab is a British former police officer, at one point the most senior Asian woman officer in the Metropolitan Police.

Nusrit Mehtab joined the Metropolitan Police in the late 1980s. Her work in trying to improve community relations in East London was the subject of a 1990s ITV documentary, Mehtab of the Met. She worked in undercover operations and counter-terrorism, rising through the ranks to become Superintendent. She is of Pakistani descent.

In January 2020, after 32 years, Mehtab left the police force. She complained of a "toxic workplace", and has subsequently brought a claim for constructive dismissal against the Met. She claims to have faced race, sex and religious discrimination, harassment and victimization there.

Mehtab is the author of the book Off The Beat: My life as a brown, Muslim woman in the Met, published in June 2024 (Torva/Penguin Books, ISBN 9781911709459.

Superintendent (police)
Superintendent (Supt) is a rank in the British police and in most English-speaking Commonwealth nations. In many Commonwealth countries, the full version is superintendent of police (SP). The rank is also used in most British Overseas Territories, in many former British colonies, as well as in Portugal and in several former Portuguese colonies. In some countries, such as Italy, the rank of superintendent is a lower rank.
Dmitri Vlasenkov
Dmitri Vyacheslavovich Vlasenkov (born 1 January 1978) is a Russian former ice hockey forward who last played with Severstal Cherepovets of the Kontinental Hockey League.

He was selected by the Calgary Flames in the 3rd round (73rd overall) of the 1996 NHL Entry Draft.

1996 NHL entry draft
The 1996 NHL entry draft was the 34th NHL entry draft. It was held at the Kiel Center in St. Louis, Missouri, on June 22, 1996.

The last active player in the NHL from this draft class was Zdeno Chara, who retired after the 2021–22 season.

It is considered one of the weakest NHL entry drafts ever, with just one (Chara, seven times) of the 241 players drafted ever being chosen for a year-end NHL All-Star team. Similarly, (as of 2025) Chara is the only player from this draft to be elected to the Hockey Hall of Fame.
Flying Devils
Flying Devils (a.k.a. The Flying Circus or Flying Circus) is a 1933 American Pre-Code action film dealing with aviation. The film was directed by former Hollywood agent Russell Birdwell and photographed by film noir cinematographer Nicholas Musuraca. The screenplay was written by Byron Morgan and Louis Stevens, based on an original story by Stevens. In an unusual move, Bruce Cabot was the star, with perennial "good guy" Ralph Bellamy playing the villain in a love triangle involving Arline Judge and Eric Linden. Although considered a "B" feature, audiences enjoyed the aerial scenes, which helped elevate the feature to a minor box-office hit.

Nicholas Musuraca
Nicholas Musuraca, A.S.C. (October 25, 1892 – September 3, 1975) was a motion-picture cinematographer best remembered for his work at RKO Pictures in the 1940s, including many of Val Lewton's series of B-picture horror films.
Estelle Massey Osborne
Estelle Massey Riddle Osborne (May 3, 1901 – December 12, 1981) was an African American nurse and educator. She served in many prominent positions and worked to eliminate racial discrimination in the nursing field.

Howard University Hospital
Howard University Hospital, previously known as Freedmen's Hospital, is a major hospital located in Washington, D.C., built on the site of Griffith Stadium, a former professional baseball stadium that served as the home field of the Washington Senators. The hospital has served the African American community in the Washington metropolitan area since its 1862 founding.

Following the Civil War, the hospital catered to the medical needs of thousands of African Americans who fled the Southern United States for the Northeast as part of the Great Migration. The first hospital of its kind to provide medical treatment for former slaves, it later became the major hospital for the area's African American community.
Ikabya
Ikabya (Russian: Икабья) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Kalarsky District, Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. Population: 362 (2021 census); 505 (2010 census); 510 (2002 census);  There are 11 streets in this settlement.

Zabaykalsky Krai
Zabaykalsky Krai is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in the Russian Far East. Its administrative center is Chita. As of the 2010 Census, the population was 1,107,107.

The krai was created on 1 March 2008, as a result of a merger of Chita Oblast and Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug after a referendum held on the issue on 11 March 2007. In 2018, the krai became part of the Far Eastern Federal District.
2016 Nicky Rackard Cup
The 2016 Nicky Rackard Cup was the 12th staging of the Nicky Rackard Cup hurling championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 2005. The competition began on Saturday 23 April 2016 and ended on Saturday 4 June 2016.

Roscommon were the 2015 champions and were promoted to the Christy Ring Cup.

On 4 June 2016, Mayo won the Nicky Rackard Cup following a 2-16 to 1-15 defeat of Armagh. It was their first Nicky Rackard Cup title.

Tyrone's Damian Casey was the championship's top scorer with 2-40.

Roscommon GAA
The Roscommon County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Irish: Cumann Lúthchleas Gael, Coiste Chontae Ros Comáin) or Roscommon GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Roscommon.

The county board is also responsible for the Roscommon county teams.

The county football team was the third from the province of Connacht to win an All-Ireland Senior Football Championship (SFC), following Galway and Mayo. It competes in the Connacht Senior Football Championship, which it has won 23 times. The team won back-to-back All-Ireland SFC titles in 1943 and 1944.
Galaxias effusus
Galaxias effusus is an extinct species of fish in the genus Galaxias, known only from 23-million-year-old fossils from New Zealand. It is named for its dramatically large dorsal, tail, and anal fins, which are much larger than those of any living New Zealand galaxiid. It is the earliest known member of the Southern Hemisphere family Galaxiiidae.

The species was identified from fossils collected in 2005 from the early Miocene deposit Foulden Maar, near Middlemarch in Central Otago. Foulden Maar was a deep crater lake 23 million years ago, then gradually filled in over about 100,000 years, preserving fossil plants and animals in its cool anoxic depths between layers of diatoms. At some point the lake probably breached its rim, perhaps during a flood, creating a waterway through which fishes could enter and form a landlocked non-migratory population. The exceptionally-well-preserved fossils of G. effusus were recovered by manually splitting layers of soft diatomite.

Middlemarch
Middlemarch, A Study of Provincial Life is a novel by English author George Eliot, the pen name of Mary Ann Evans. It appeared in eight installments (volumes) in 1871 and 1872. Set in Middlemarch, a fictional English Midlands town, from 1829 to 1832, it follows distinct, intersecting stories with many characters. Issues include the status of women, the nature of marriage, idealism, self-interest, religion, hypocrisy, political reform, and education. Leavened with comic elements, Middlemarch approaches significant historical events in a realist mode: the Reform Act 1832, early railways, and the accession of King William IV. It looks at medicine of the time and reactionary views in a settled community facing unwelcome change. Eliot began writing the two pieces that formed the novel in 1869–1870 and completed it in 1871. Initial reviews were mixed, but it is now seen widely as her best work and one of the great English novels.