hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Navalurkottapattu
Navalur Kuttapattu is a Suburb and Revenue Divisional headquarters of Srirangam taluk in Tiruchirappalli district, Tamil Nadu, India. It is located 12km to the west of Tiruchirapalli, 4km from Manikandam Union and 365km from State capital Chennai.

Srirangam taluk
Srirangam taluk is a taluk of Tiruchirapalli district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The headquarters of the taluk is the town of Srirangam.This taluk has a 1 to 6 wards of city as jurisdictional areas and some villages are under this taluk of Trichy.
Old Romanian
Old Romanian (Romanian: română veche) is the period of the Romanian language from the 16th century until 1780. It continues the intermediary stage when the dialect continuum known as Daco-Romanian dialects or graiuri developed from Common Romanian, and Modern Romanian – the period of Romanian language set in post-Enlightenment times.

Istro-Romanian language
The Istro-Romanian language (vlåški, žejånski) is an Eastern Romance language, spoken in a few villages and hamlets in the peninsula of Istria in Croatia, as well as in the diaspora of this people. It is sometimes abbreviated to IR.

While its speakers call themselves Rumeri, Rumeni, they are also known as Vlachs, Rumunski, Ćići and Ćiribiri. The last one, used by ethnic Croats, originated as a disparaging nickname for the language, rather than its speakers.

Due to the fact that its speakers are estimated to be fewer than 500, it is listed among languages that are "severely endangered" in the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger.

It is also considered by some Romanian scholars to be an idiosyncratic offshoot dialect of Romanian.
Mortgage discrimination
Mortgage discrimination or mortgage lending discrimination is the practice of banks, governments or other lending institutions denying loans to one or more groups of people primarily on the basis of race, ethnic origin, sex or religion.

Instances of mortgage discrimination occurred in United States inner city neighborhoods from the 1930s and there is evidence that the practice  continues to a degree in the United States today. In the United States, banks practiced redlining or denial of financial services including banking or insurance to residents of areas based upon the racial or ethnic composition of those areas, either directly or through selectively raising prices. Prior to the passage of the 1974 Equal Credit Opportunity Act and Housing and Community Development Act, lenders and the U.S. federal government frequently and explicitly discriminated against female mortgage loan applicants.

Inner city
The term inner city (also called the hood) has been used, especially in the United States, as a euphemism for majority-minority lower-income residential districts that often refer to rundown neighborhoods, in a downtown or city centre area. Sociologists sometimes turn the euphemism into a formal designation by applying the term inner city to such residential areas, rather than to more geographically central commercial districts, often referred to by terms such as downtown, city centre, or central business district.
Utopia (Björk album)
Utopia is the ninth studio album by Icelandic singer-musician Björk. It was primarily produced by Björk and Venezuelan electronic record producer Arca, and released on 24 November 2017 through One Little Indian Records in the United Kingdom and The Orchard Enterprises in the United States.
The album was acclaimed by music critics for its production, songwriting and Björk's vocals, and later received a nomination for Best Alternative Music Album at the 61st Annual Grammy Awards, becoming Björk's eighth consecutive nomination in the category.

Jesse Kanda
Jesse Kanda (born June 23, 1987), also known by his stage name Doon Kanda, is an artist, animator and musician based in London. Besides his solo career, he has collaborated with musicians including Arca, FKA Twigs and Björk.
Balków
Balków [ˈbalkuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Piątek, within Łęczyca County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) west of Piątek, 15 km (9 mi) east of Łęczyca, and 34 km (21 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź.

Łęczyca County
Łęczyca County (Polish: powiat łęczycki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Łęczyca, which lies 35 kilometres (22 mi) north-west of the regional capital Łódź.

The county covers an area of 774 square kilometres (298.8 sq mi). As of 2006, its total population was 53,435, out of which the population of Łęczyca was 15,423 and the rural population was 38,012.
Stefanie Luiken
Stefanie Lucia Mariëlle Luiken (born 16 May 1985) is a Dutch former backstroke swimmer. She participated in the 2004 Summer Olympics and finished sixth with the Dutch 4×100 m medley relay team. She won a bronze medal at the 2004 European Aquatics Championships in the same event.

Luiken was born in Nijmegen, but later moved to Eindhoven to train at the Philips Sport Vereniging club. She won four national titles in backstroke: 50 m and 100 m in 2003 (25 m pool) and 100 m in 2004–2005. While preparing for the 2008 Olympics, she decided to retire from competitive swimming in March 2008.

Medley swimming
Medley swimming is a combination of four different swimming strokes butterfly, backstroke, breaststroke, freestyle (usually front crawl), into one race. This race is either swum by one swimmer as individual medley (IM) or by four swimmers as a medley relay.
Military Command Boarding School (Israel)
The Military Command Boarding School is a pre-military educational institution for training youth in their high school years, under boarding school conditions, to command combat field units in the Israel Defense Forces. Graduates of the boarding schools are designated for positions as company commanders in the IDF's field units.

The two military command boarding schools operating in the 2020s are the Military Command Boarding School next to the Reali School in Haifa and the Military Command Boarding School Or Etzion in Merkaz Shapira. In the past, another military boarding school operated in the Glilot area, whose students studied at the Herzliya Hebrew Gymnasium.

Gabi Ashkenazi
Gabriel "Gabi" Ashkenazi (Hebrew: גבי אשכנזי; born 25 February 1954) is an Israeli politician and former military leader. He previously served as the minister of foreign affairs. He was the Chief of General Staff of the Israel Defense Forces from 2007 to 2011. Ashkenazi served as a member of Blue and White in the Knesset.
Romance of the Western Chamber (film)
Romance of the Western Chamber (Chinese: 西廂記; pinyin: xīxiāngjì), also known as Way Down West, is a 1927 silent Chinese film drama directed by Hou Yao.

The film is an adaption of the classic Chinese dramatic work Romance of the Western Chamber by Wang Shifu.

Originally consisting of ten film reels, only five have survived.

The 2007 USA DVD release by Cinema Epoch has an additional original musical score composed by Toshiyuki Hiraoka.

Reel
A reel is a tool used to store elongated and flexible objects (e.g. yarns/cords, ribbons, cables, hoses, etc.) by wrapping the material around a cylindrical core known as a spool. Many reels also have flanges (known as the rims) around the ends of the spool to help retain the wrapped material and prevent unwanted slippage off the ends. In most cases, the reel spool is hollow in order to pass an axle and allow it to spin like a wheel, a winding process known as reeling, which can be done by manually turning the reel with handles or cranks, or by machine-powered rotating via (typically electric) motors.
Lothar Knörzer
Lothar Knörzer (born 4 August 1933, in Karlsruhe) is a West German athlete who competed mainly in the 100 metres.

He competed for the United Team of Germany in the 1956 Summer Olympics held in Melbourne in the 4 × 100-metre relay where he won the bronze medal with his team mates Leonhard Pohl, Heinz Fütterer and Manfred Germar.

United Team of Germany at the Olympics
The United Team of Germany (German: Gesamtdeutsche Mannschaft) was a combined team of athletes from West Germany and East Germany that competed in the 1956, 1960 and 1964 Winter and Summer Olympic Games. In 1956, the team also included athletes from a third Olympic body, the Saarland Olympic Committee, which had sent a separate team in 1952, but in 1956 was in the process of joining the German National Olympic Committee. This process was completed in February 1957 after the admission of Saarland into West Germany.
Kalyptodoras bahiensis
Kalyptodoras bahiensis is the only species in the genus Kalyptodoras of the catfish (order Siluriformes) family Doradidae. This species is endemic to Brazil where it is found in the Paraguaçu River in the northeast and reaches a length of 24.5 centimetres (9.6 in) SL.

Paraguaçu River
The Paraguaçu River (Portuguese: Rio Paraguaçu) is a river in Bahia state, located in eastern Brazil. It runs 500 kilometres (310 mi) from the Chapada Diamantina highlands of central Bahia to its mouth at the Baía de Todos os Santos. The Paraguaçu River is the largest river entirely within Bahia. Its banks are fertile and the cities at its mouth are navigable. It served as a main route of transportation and communication of the entire region both in the pre-Colonial and Portuguese Colonial period. Its lower reaches are home to the Baía do Iguape Marine Extractive Reserve, created in 2000.
Caririchnium
Caririchnium is an ichnogenus of ornithopod dinosaur footprint, belonging to either derived iguanodonts or basal hadrosauroids. It includes the species Caririchnium lotus from Lower Cretaceous Jiaguan Formation and C. protohadrosaurichnos from Upper Cretaceous Woodbine Formation. Specimens are also known from the Lower Cretaceous El Castellar Formation and Camarillas Formations.

The trackmaker was probably a large styracosternan related to Iguanodon.

Ankylopollexia
Ankylopollexia is an extinct clade of ornithischian dinosaurs that lived from the Late Jurassic to the Late Cretaceous. It is a derived clade of iguanodontian ornithopods and contains the subgroup Styracosterna. The name stems from the Greek word, "ankylos", mistakenly taken to mean stiff, fused (in fact the adjective means bent or curved; used of fingers, it can mean hooked), and the Latin word, "pollex", meaning thumb. Originally described in 1986 by Sereno, a most likely synapomorphic feature of a conical thumb spine defines the clade.

First appearing around 156 million years ago, in the Jurassic, Ankylopollexia  became an extremely successful and widespread clade during the Cretaceous, and were found around the world. The group died out at the end of the Maastrichtian. They grew to be quite large, comparable to some carnivorous dinosaurs and they were universally herbivorous.
Imma boeta
Imma boeta is a moth in the family Immidae. It was described by Druce in 1898. It is found in Panama.

The forewings are black, irrorated with grey scales at the base, with a large oval grey spot about the middle of the wing extending from the costal margin almost to the inner margin, the fringe black, with a grey patch at the anal angle. The hindwings are brownish-black, paler at the base and along the inner margin.

Immidae
Immoidea is a superfamily of pantropical moths containing only the family Immidae comprising ten genera with around 250 species, over half of them in the genus Imma. Many are brightly coloured and diurnal. The position of this group is currently uncertain within the group Obtectomera . The larvae feed on the leaves of dicotyledons and conifers including Podocarpus (Dugdale et al. 1999).
1991 ATP German Open – Doubles
The 1991 German Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts and was part of the ATP Championship Series of the 1991 ATP Tour. It took place at the Rothenbaum Tennis Center in Hamburg, Germany, from 6 May until 13 May 1991. Sergio Casal and Emilio Sánchez won in the final against Cássio Motta and Danie Visser, 7–6, 7–6.

1991 ATP Tour
The 1991 IBM ATP Tour was the elite tour for professional men's tennis organized by the ATP Tour. The IBM ATP Tour included the Grand Slam tournaments (organized by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the ATP Championship Series, Single-Week, the ATP Championship Series, the ATP World Series and the ATP Tour World Championships. The World Team Cup, Davis Cup (organized by the ITF) and Grand Slam Cup (organized by the ITF) are included in this calendar but did not count towards the Tour.
Parmotrema acrotrychum
Parmotrema acrotrychum is a species of lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. First discovered in Papua New Guinea, it was originally described in 1979 by Japanese lichenologist Syo Kurokawa as a species of Parmelia. Heinar Streimann transferred it to the genus Parmotrema in 1986. The lichen has also been found in Queensland (Australia) and Malaysia. It has been shown to contain a variety of secondary chemicals, including atranorin, fumarprotocetraric acid, succinprotocetraric acid, chloroatranorin, protocetraric acid, protolichesterinic acid, and lichesterinic acid.

Protolichesterinic acid
Protolichesterinic acid is a naturally occurring γ-lactone compound found in various lichen species. Its structure consists of a combination of a lactone ring with a carboxylic acid group and a long aliphatic side chain. First isolated in the early 20th century, protolichesterinic acid has drawn scientific interest due to its diverse biological activities, including antimicrobial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory properties. It is also noted for its potential as a therapeutic agent, particularly as a selective inhibitor of the 5-lipoxygenase enzyme, which is implicated in inflammatory diseases. Protolichesterinic acid is typically extracted from lichens such as Cetraria islandica using advanced chromatographic techniques and has been studied for its role in both natural product chemistry and pharmacology.
Doctors of the Dark Side
Doctors of the Dark Side is a documentary about the role of physicians and psychologists in the torture of prisoners. The movie tells the story of four detainees, and how healthcare professionals working for the United States Army and the Central Intelligence Agency implemented enhanced interrogation techniques, and covered up signs of torture at the Guantanamo Bay Detention Camp and Abu Ghraib Prison. Interviews with medical, legal and intelligence experts and evidence from declassified government memos document how the torture of detainees could not continue without the assistance of doctors.

Prisoner abuse
Prisoner abuse is the mistreatment of persons while they are under arrest or incarcerated. Prisoner abuse can include physical abuse, psychological abuse, sexual abuse, torture, or other acts such as refusal of essential medication, and it can be perpetuated by either fellow inmates or prison faculty.
Belinda Scott
Belinda Francis Scott (born 17 February 1964), formerly Belinda Barrett, is a South African politician who was KwaZulu-Natal's Member of the Executive Council (MEC) for Finance from 2014 to 2019. She served several terms in the KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Legislature from 1994 to 2019, representing the African National Congress (ANC) from 2002 onwards after defecting from both the Democratic Party and the Inkatha Freedom Party. After she left the provincial legislature in 2019, she served as Deputy Mayor of eThekwini from September 2019 until she resigned from politics in February 2021.

KwaZulu-Natal Legislature
The KwaZulu-Natal Legislature is the primary legislative body of the South African province of KwaZulu-Natal. It is unicameral in its composition and elects the premier and the provincial cabinet from among the leading party or coalition members in the parliament. Thami Ntuli of the Inkatha Freedom Party was elected Premier of KwaZulu-Natal at the first sitting of the provincial legislature on 14 June 2024.
Arekti Premer Golpo
Arekti Premer Golpo (Bengali: আরেকটি প্রেমের গল্প; English: Just Another Love Story) is a 2010 Indian drama film directed by Bengali filmmaker Kaushik Ganguly, written by Kaushik Ganguly. It stars Rituparno Ghosh and Indraneil Sengupta, with Ghosh playing a transgender filmmaker. It is the first film on queerness to be shot after the Delhi High Court struck down portions of Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code in July 2009 as unconstitutional with respect to gay sex (in a decision overturned by the Supreme Court of India in 2013). The film premiered at the 60th Berlin Film Festival in 2010.

Section 377
Section 377 is a British colonial Penal Code provision that criminalized all sexual acts "against the order of nature". The law was used to prosecute people engaging in oral and anal sex along with homosexual activity. As per a Supreme Court of India judgement since 2018, the Indian Penal Code Section 377 is used to convict non-consensual sexual activities among homosexuals with a minimum of ten years' imprisonment extended to life imprisonment. It has been used to criminalize third gender people, such as the apwint in Myanmar. In 2018, then British Prime Minister Theresa May acknowledged how the legacies of such British colonial anti-sodomy laws continue to persist today in the form of discrimination, violence, and even death.
ARA Punta Médanos
ARA Punta Médanos (B-18) was an auxiliary ship of the Argentine Navy, a tanker built at the Swan, Hunter & Wigham Richardson shipyard, Wallsend, in 1950. While in naval service she made several commercial trips supplementing the YPF tanker fleet, and supported the high seas fleet; in this capacity Punta Médanos participated in the Falklands War in 1982. She was decommissioned in 1984 and sold for scrapping. The vessel was named after the coastal feature of Punta Médanos, Argentina, and was the first Argentine naval ship with this name.

Port Belgrano Naval Base
Port Belgrano Naval Base (Spanish: Base Naval Puerto Belgrano - BNPB) is the largest naval base of the Argentine Navy, situated next to Punta Alta,  near Bahía Blanca, about 560 km (348 mi) south of Buenos Aires. It is named after the brigantine General Belgrano (named after Manuel Belgrano) which sounded the area in late 1824.

Home of the Argentine Seas Fleet ((in Spanish) Flota de Mar), it concentrates the major ships and arsenals; and is close to the main bases of other Argentine Navy organisations: Marine's camp Baterías and Naval aviation's air base Comandante Espora (Spanish: Base Aeronaval Comandante Espora - BACE) .
Andy Broom
Andrew Clifford Broom (born 1965 in Norwich) has been Archdeacon of the East Riding since 2014.

Initially a Youth worker, Broom was educated at Keele University and Trinity College, Bristol. He was ordained in 1993 and served curacies in Wellington and Brampton. He was Vicar of St John, Walton from 2000 until 2009, and Director of Mission and Ministry for the Diocese of Derby from 2009 until his appointment as Archdeacon.

Trinity College, Bristol
Trinity College, Bristol is an evangelical Anglican theological college located in Stoke Bishop, Bristol, England. It offers a range of full-time and part-time taught undergraduate and postgraduate courses which are validated by the University of Durham through the Common Awards Scheme, though the college sets its own curriculum. Many of its students are training for ordination in the Church of England; and hence there is a strong vocational aspect to the courses it provides. It also has students of other Christian denominations, as well as students who are intending to serve within various forms of lay ministry. The college also has a significant number of students studying for research degrees at masters and doctoral levels. All of Trinity's postgraduate research courses are validated by the University of Aberdeen.

It runs an evening programme for students from a number of Christian denominations, as well as those training for ordained and lay ministry in the Diocese of Bristol.
Max Uth
Gustav Alexander Max Uth (24 November 1863 in Berlin – 15 June 1914 in Hermannswerder, Potsdam) was a German painter of landscapes and art teacher.

Uth was the son of a manufacturer and enrolled at the Academy of Art in Berlin under Eugen Bracht. He opened his own atelier for women painters in 1897 in Berlin; among his students were Gertrud Berger (1870–1949), Laura Schaberg (1860 or 1866–1935), Sophie Wencke-Meinken (1874–1963) and Emmy Gotzmann (1881-1950).

Paintings by him were among those exhibited in the AEG electricity pavilion at the Paris Exposition Universelle in 1900 and in the German Pavilion at the St. Louis World's Fair in 1904. He was one of the founding members of the Berlin Secession in 1899, and one of the sixteen artists to leave it in 1902.

Louisiana Purchase Exposition
The Louisiana Purchase Exposition, informally known as the St. Louis World's Fair, was an international exposition held in St. Louis, Missouri, United States, from April 30 to December 1, 1904. Local, state, and federal funds totaling $15 million (equivalent to $538 million in 2025) were used to finance the event. More than 60 countries and 43 of the then-45 American states maintained exhibition spaces at the fair, which was attended by nearly 19.7 million people.

Historians generally emphasize the prominence of the themes of race and imperialism, and the fair's long-lasting impact on intellectuals in the fields of history, architecture, and anthropology. From the point of view of the memory of the average person who attended the fair, it primarily promoted entertainment, consumer goods, and popular culture. The monumental Greco-Roman architecture of this and other fairs of the era did much to influence permanent new buildings and master plans of major cities.
German submarine U-68 (1940)
German submarine U-68 was a Type IXC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. The submarine was laid down on 20 April 1940 at the DeSchiMAG AG Weser yard at Bremen as yard number 987, launched on 22 October and commissioned on 1 January 1941 under the command of Korvettenkapitän Karl-Friedrich Merten as part of 2nd U-boat Flotilla.

U-68 conducted ten combat patrols, sinking 32 merchant ships, for a total of 197,453 gross register tons (GRT); she also sank one auxiliary warship of 545 GRT. She was a member of one wolfpack.

On 10 April 1944, during her tenth patrol, she was sunk northwest of Madeira by US aircraft from the escort carrier Guadalcanal.

AG Weser
Aktien-Gesellschaft "Weser" (abbreviated A.G. "Weser") was one of the major  German shipbuilding companies, located at the Weser River in Bremen. Founded in 1872 it was finally closed in 1983. All together, A.G. „Weser" built about 1,400 ships of different types, including many warships. A.G. „Weser" was the leading company in the Deutsche Schiff- und Maschinenbau AG, a cooperation of eight German shipbuilding companies between 1926 and 1945.