hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Muckle Moss
Muckle Moss is a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) and a National Nature Reserve located near Bardon Mill in Northumberland, England. Muckle Moss is a mire over deep peat, and its boundaries include Blackdyke Plantation.

Muckle Moss SSSI was previously notified as part of Roman Wall SSSI.

National nature reserve (United Kingdom)
In the United Kingdom, a national nature reserve is a form of statutory nature reserve that has been designated as such by one of the three national nature conservation bodies of Great Britain. There are 229 designated sites in England, 43 in Scotland, and 76 in Wales. A similar designation, a "nature reserve", is used in Northern Ireland and those are designated by the Northern Ireland Environment Agency.
Mason's invariant
In electronics, Mason's invariant, named after Samuel Jefferson Mason, is a measure of the quality of transistors.

"When trying to solve a seemingly difficult problem, Sam said to concentrate on the easier ones first; the rest, including the hardest ones, will follow," recalled Andrew Viterbi, co-founder and former vice-president of Qualcomm. He had been a thesis advisee under Samuel Mason at MIT, and this was one lesson he especially remembered from his professor. A few years earlier, Mason had heeded his own advice when he defined a unilateral power gain for a linear two-port device, or U. After concentrating on easier problems with power gain in feedback amplifiers, a figure of merit for all three-terminal devices followed that is still used today as Mason's Invariant.

Qualcomm
Qualcomm Incorporated (/ˈkwɒlkɒm/) is an American multinational corporation headquartered in San Diego, California, and incorporated in Delaware. It creates semiconductors, software and services related to wireless technology. It owns patents critical to the 5G, 4G, CDMA2000, TD-SCDMA and WCDMA mobile communications standards.

Qualcomm was established in 1985 by Irwin Jacobs and six others. Its early research into code-division multiple access (CDMA) wireless cell phone technology was funded by selling a two-way mobile digital satellite communications system known as Omnitracs. After a heated debate in the wireless industry, CDMA was adopted as a 2G standard in North America, with Qualcomm's patents incorporated. Afterwards, there was a series of legal disputes about pricing for licensing patents required by the standard.

Over the years, Qualcomm has expanded into selling semiconductor products in a predominantly fabless manufacturing model.
Örbyhus
Örbyhus is a locality situated in Tierp Municipality, Uppsala County, Sweden with 2,153 inhabitants in 2018.

Örbyhus Castle, located a few kilometers from the village, is where king Eric XIV of Sweden was imprisoned until his death from arsenic poisoning on 26 February 1577.

Uppsala County
Uppsala County (Swedish: Uppsala län) pronounced: /ʊpsɔˈlə/ is a county or län on the eastern coast of Sweden, whose capital is the city of Uppsala. It borders the counties of Dalarna, Stockholm, Södermanland, Västmanland, Gävleborg, and the Baltic Sea.
Longview High School
Longview High School (colloquially known as LHS) is a public high school located in the city of Longview, Texas, in Gregg County, United States and classified as a 6A school by the UIL.  It is a part of the Longview Independent School District located in eastern Gregg County.  The school was founded in 1874 as the Longview Male and Female Institute, and the first permanent structure was established in 1885.  In 2017, the school earned 7-out-of-7 distinctions from the Texas Education Agency.

In addition to including most of Longview, the district serves the city of Lakeport, most of Easton, a portion of Lake Cherokee, a very small portion of East Mountain, and rural areas in eastern Gregg County.

University Interscholastic League
The University Interscholastic League (UIL) is an organization that creates rules for and administers almost all athletic, musical, and academic contests for public primary and secondary schools in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the largest organization of its type in the world.

Activities range from American football and cross-examination debate to mathematics and marching band competitions; however, the UIL does not administer Academic Decathlon competitions.

The UIL is under the governance of the Vice President for Diversity and Community Engagement at the University of Texas at Austin in Austin, Texas. Although the Texas Education Agency governs the activities of schools and school districts in Texas, the UIL does not report to TEA, but is instead a separate entity.
Garrett Conover and Alexandra Conover Bennett
Garrett and Alexandra Conover have been professional canoe and snowshoe guides since 1980. They are American authors and registered Maine Guides, who have specialized in traditional wilderness travelling techniques of the boreal north woods.

Canoe
A canoe is a lightweight, narrow water vessel, typically pointed at both ends and open on top, propelled by one or more seated or kneeling paddlers facing the direction of travel and using paddles.

In British English, the term canoe can also refer to a kayak, whereas canoes are then called Canadian or open canoes to distinguish them from kayaks. However, for official competition purposes, the American distinction between a kayak and a canoe is almost always adopted. At the Olympics, both conventions are used: under the umbrella terms Canoe Slalom and Canoe Sprint, there are separate events for canoes and kayaks.
Shonar Bangla Express
The Shonar Bangla Express (Train no. 787/788) is an inter-city rail service run by Bangladesh Railway. This service provides a swift and luxurious passenger rail connection between the capital of Bangladesh, Dhaka and the port city of Chattogram. This service only has one intermediate stop at Dhaka Airport.

Inter-city rail
Inter-city rail services are express trains that run services that connect cities over longer distances than commuter or regional trains. They include rail services that are neither short-distance commuter rail trains within one city area nor slow regional rail trains stopping at all stations and covering local journeys only. An inter-city train is typically an express train with limited stops and comfortable carriages to serve long-distance travel.

Inter-city rail sometimes provides international services. This is most prevalent in Europe because of the proximity of its 50 countries to a 10,180,000-square-kilometre (3,930,000-square-mile) area. Eurostar and EuroCity are examples. In many European countries, the word InterCity or Inter-City is an official brand name for a network of regular-interval and relatively long-distance train services that meet certain criteria of speed and comfort. That use of the term appeared in the United Kingdom in the 1960s and has been widely imitated.
1909 Svenska Mästerskapet final
The 1909 Svenska Mästerskapet final was played on 17 October 1909 between the eleventh-time finalists Örgryte IS and the third-time finalists Djurgårdens IF. The match decided the winner of 1909 Svenska Mästerskapet, the football cup to determine the Swedish champions. Örgryte IS won their tenth title with a 8–2 victory at Walhalla IP in Gothenburg.

Örgryte IS
Örgryte Idrottssällskap, commonly referred to as Örgryte IS, Örgryte (Swedish: [ˈœ̂ːrˌɡryːtɛ]) or (especially locally) ÖIS or Öis, is a Swedish sports club based in Gothenburg. It consists of four departments, namely bowling, football, athletics and wrestling. However, the club is best known for its football department. The club was founded in 1887 which makes it the oldest active sports club in the country.
Assumption of Mary Cathedral, Hiroshima
The Assumption of Mary Cathedral  (Japanese: 被昇天の聖母司教座聖堂) also called Memorial Cathedral of World Peace (世界平和記念聖堂) is a religious building  affiliated with the Catholic Church  located in  Hiroshima, Japan.

The church was designed by Togo Murano. It  follows the Roman or Latin rite and serves as the principal church of the Diocese of Hiroshima (Dioecesis Hiroshimaensis カトリック広島教区) which was created in 1959 with the bull Qui arcano of Pope John XXIII.

Pope John Paul II visited the church on his tour of Japan in February 1981. It was built in tribute to the victims of war and the atomic bomb that was dropped on the city. Father Enomiya-Lassalle, who was exposed to the atomic bomb in Hiroshima, began construction in 1950 and it opened in 1954.

The Cathedral has been designated as an Important Cultural Property of Japan since July 5, 2006.

Important Cultural Property (Japan)
An Important Cultural Property (重要文化財, jūyō bunkazai) is an item officially classified as Tangible Cultural Property by the Japanese government's Agency for Cultural Affairs (Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology) and judged to be of particular importance to the history, arts, and culture of the Japanese people.
Jackie Gunn
Jacqueline Gunn (née Davies, born 23 May 1977) is a British bobsledder who has competed since 1999. She won a silver medal in the two-woman event at the 2005 FIBT World Championships in Calgary.

Competing in two Winter Olympics, Davies earned her best finish of ninth in the two-woman event at Turin in 2006.

Now retired from competing in bobsleigh, Gunn is currently completing a 3 year degree in nursing in Belfast.

Davies married Peter Gunn in May 2008.

International Bobsleigh and Skeleton Federation
The International Bobsleigh and Skeleton Federation (IBSF) is the international sports federation for the sliding sports of Bobsleigh and Skeleton. It was founded on 23 November 1923 by the delegates of Great Britain, France, Switzerland, Canada, and the United States at the meeting of their first International Congress in Paris, France as the Fédération Internationale de Bobsleigh et de Tobogganing (International Federation of Bobsleigh and Tobogganing; FIBT). In June 2015, it announced a name change from FIBT to IBSF. The federation's headquarters are in Lausanne, Switzerland.

The IBSF works closely with the IOC to conduct Winter Olympics every four years. Along with the Winter Olympics, the IBSF hosts World Championships the other three years. The races are hosted on tracks in North America, Europe, and Asia. The tracks are shared with the sport of Luge, although that is managed under a different governing body, the International Luge Federation.
Washington Park (Chicago park)
Washington Park (formerly Western Division of South Park, also Park No. 21) is a 372-acre (1.5 km2) park between Cottage Grove Avenue and Martin Luther King Drive, (originally known as "Grand Boulevard") located at 5531 S. Martin Luther King Dr. in the Washington Park community area on the South Side of Chicago. It was named for President George Washington in 1880. Washington Park is the largest of four Chicago Park District parks named after persons surnamed Washington (the others are Dinah Washington Park, Harold Washington Park and Washington Square Park, Chicago).  Located in the park is the DuSable Museum of African American History.  This park was the proposed site of the Olympic Stadium and the Olympic swimming venue for Chicago's bid to host the 2016 Summer Olympics.  Washington Park was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 20, 2004.

Great Chicago Fire
The Great Chicago Fire was a conflagration that burned in the American city of Chicago, Illinois, during October 8–10, 1871. The fire killed approximately 300 people, destroyed 17,000 structures across roughly 3.3 square miles (9 km2), and left more than 100,000 residents homeless. The fire began in a neighborhood southwest of the city center. A long period of hot, dry, windy conditions, and the wooden construction prevalent in the city, led to the conflagration spreading quickly. The fire leapt the south branch of the Chicago River and destroyed much of central Chicago and then crossed the main stem of the river, consuming the Near North Side.

Help flowed to the city from near and far after the fire. The city government improved building codes to stop the rapid spread of future fires and rebuilt rapidly to those higher standards. A donation from the United Kingdom spurred the establishment of the Chicago Public Library.
Yancy Derringer
Yancy Derringer is an American action/adventure series that was broadcast on CBS from October 2, 1958, to June 4, 1959, with Jock Mahoney in the title role. It was broadcast from 8:30 to 9 p.m. Eastern Time on Thursdays.

Action fiction
Action fiction is a genre in literature that focuses on stories involving high-stakes, high-energy, and fast-paced events. This genre includes a wide range of subgenres, such as spy novels, adventure stories, tales of terror, intrigue ("cloak and dagger"), and mysteries.  These kinds of stories utilize suspense, the tension that is built up when the reader wishes to know how the conflict between the protagonist and antagonist is going to be resolved or the solution to a mystery of a thriller.

The intricacies of human relationships or the nuances of philosophy and psychology are rarely explored in action fiction, typically being fast-paced mysteries that merely seek to provide the reader with an exhilarating experience.

Action fiction can also be a plot element of non-literary works such as graphic novels and film.
Luanda Constituency
Luanda is a constituency in Kenya. It is one of five constituencies in Vihiga County and was established in 2013 The current MP is Dick Maungu Oyugi of Democratic Action Party Kenya - (DAP-K) for 2022-2027 period. It had a population of 106,694 people according to the 2019 census.

National Assembly (Kenya)
The National Assembly of the Republic of Kenya (formerly House of Representatives) is one of the two Houses of the Parliament of Kenya. Between 1966 and 2013, it served as a unicameral house. In 2013 (11th Parliament), it became the lower house when the Senate was reestablished.

It has a total of 349 seats: 290 elected from the constituencies, 47 women elected from the counties and 12 nominated representatives. The Speaker of the National Assembly of Kenya serves as an ex officio member.

The High Court of Kenya ordered lawmakers to introduce gender quotas, or face dissolution in the mid-2010s, following the implementation of the 2010 Constitution.
Lew Stone
Louis Stone known professionally as Lew Stone (28 May 1898 – 13 February 1969) was a British bandleader and arranger of the British dance band era, and was well known in Britain during the 1930s. He was known as a skillful, innovative and imaginative musical arranger.

Bandleader
A bandleader is the leader of a music group such as a dance band, rock or pop band or jazz quartet. The term is most commonly used with a group that plays popular music as a small combo or a big band, such as one which plays jazz, blues, rhythm and blues or rock and roll music. Most bandleaders are also performers with their own band, either as singers or as instrumentalists, playing an instrument such as electric guitar, piano, or other instruments.
Kobotoke Barrier
The Kobotoke Barrier (小仏関跡, Kobotoke seki ato) was a checkpoint operated by the Tokugawa Shogunate in Edo period Japan to control travel on the Kōshū Kaidō highway in what is now the city of Hachiōji, Tokyo in the Kantō region of Japan. It received protection as a National Historic Site in 1933.

Kantō region
The Kantō region (関東地方, Kantō Chihō; IPA: [kaꜜn.toː, kan.toː tɕiꜜ.hoː, kan.toː tɕi̥.hoꜜː]) is a geographical region of Honshu, the largest island of Japan. In a common definition, the region includes the Greater Tokyo Area and encompasses seven prefectures: Chiba, Gunma, Ibaraki, Kanagawa, Saitama, Tochigi, and Tokyo. Slightly more than 45 percent of the land area within its boundaries is the Kantō Plain. The rest consists of the hills and mountains that form land borders with other regions of Japan.

As the Kantō region contains Tokyo, the capital and largest city of Japan, the region is considered the center of Japan's politics and economy. According to the official census on October 1, 2010, by the Statistics Bureau of Japan, the population was 42,607,376, amounting to approximately one third of the total population of Japan.
Musabayev
Musabayev or Musabaev is a Turkic masculine surname, its feminine counterpart is Musabayeva or Musabaeva. Notable people with the surname include:

Talgat Musabayev (1951–2025), Kazakh test pilot and former cosmonaut

Zafarjon Musabayev (born 1975), Uzbekistani footballer

Talgat Musabayev
Talğat Amankeldıūly Mūsabaev (Kazakh: Талғат Аманкелдіұлы Мұсабаев; 7 January 1951 – 4 August 2025) was a Soviet-Russian test pilot and cosmonaut and Kazakh politician who flew on three spaceflights. Musabayev's first two spaceflights were long-duration stays aboard the Russian space station Mir. His third spaceflight was a short-duration visiting mission to the International Space Station, which also carried the first paying space tourist Dennis Tito. He retired as a cosmonaut in November 2003. Beginning in 2007 he was head of KazCosmos, Kazakhstan's National Space Agency.
Adriaan de Groot
Adrianus Dingeman (Adriaan) de Groot (Santpoort, 26 October 1914 – Schiermonnikoog, 14 August 2006) was a Dutch chess master and psychologist, who conducted some of the most famous chess experiments of all time in the 1940s-60. In 1946 he wrote his thesis Het denken van den schaker, which in 1965 was translated into English and published as Thought and choice in chess.  De Groot played for the Netherlands in the Chess Olympiads of 1937 and 1939. In 1973 he became member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences.

8th Chess Olympiad
The 8th Chess Olympiad (Spanish: La 8a Olimpíada de ajedrez), organised by the Fédération Internationale des Échecs (FIDE), comprised an open tournament, as well as a Women's World Championship contest. The main team event took place between August 21 and September 19, 1939, in the Politeama Theatre in Buenos Aires, Argentina and coincided with the outbreak of World War II.

Following the end of the 8th Olympiad, the Chess Olympiad was suspended indefinitely due to economic concerns in conjunction with World War II; the next Chess Olympiad would not be held until 1950.
Palode
Palode is a town in Thiruvananthapuram district in the Indian state of Kerala. Palode town is 35 km (22 mi) from Thiruvananthapuram city and 17 km (11 mi) from Nedumangad municipality. Thenmala Dam is 38 km (24 mi) from Palode, and the Ponmudi hills are 35 km. Palode is on the Thiruvananthapuram-Thenmala-Shenkottai State Highway 2 (Kerala). Tenkasi is 75 km (47 mi) from Palode.

Palode is surrounded by the Western Ghats and is a gateway for tourism destinations. Places of interest and tourism near Palode include Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Mankayam Ecotourism, Brimore Tourism, and Lower Meenmutty Hydel Tourism Centre Nanniyode. Brimore is 11 km (6.8 mi) away and has a tea estate and plantations.

Thenmala Dam
The Thenmala Dam also known as Parappar Dam is part of the largest irrigation project in Kerala, India. It is built along Kallada River in Kollam district of Kerala. The reservoir is used for irrigation and power generation.

The dam project started in the 1960s under the Kallada Irrigation and Tree Crop development project. The foundation stone of the dam was laid by T. K. Divakaran on 26 January 1972. It was completed in 1986 and was commissioned on 26 May 1986 by K. Karunakaran along with Kallada Irrigation Project. The reservoir is now a part of Thenmala Ecotourism Project.
Thomas H. Brown (Michigan politician)
Thomas H. Brown (July 29, 1917 - August 24, 2002) was a Democratic politician who served in the Michigan House of Representatives and as the first mayor of Westland, Michigan.

A native of Indiana, Brown moved to Michigan and served in several elected offices in Nankin Township before the township was incorporated as the City of Westland. He was elected its first mayor.

In 1970, Brown was elected to the first of six terms in the House, where he chaired the chamber's Towns and Counties Committee.

Brown was member of the Lions, the Knights of Columbus, Amvets, and the Veterans of Foreign Wars. He was a delegate to the 1968 Democratic National Convention in Chicago which nominated Hubert H. Humphrey for President of the United States.

Brown died of cancer on August 24, 2002, aged 85.

Westland, Michigan
Westland is a city in Wayne County in the U.S. state of Michigan. A western suburb of Detroit, Westland is located about 18 miles (29 km) west of downtown Detroit. As of 2022, the city had a population of 84,037.
Agenor Maria Gołuchowski
Count Agenor Maria Adam Gołuchowski (25 March 1849 – 28 March 1921) was a Polish statesman who inherited much of his father's wealth. Between 1895 and 1906 he served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Austria-Hungary. He was responsible for a period of détente in Austrian relations with Imperial Russia, harmed due to the Austrian and Russian struggle for control of the Bosporus. From 1907 he headed the Polish Group in the Herrenhaus, the upper chamber of the Austrian parliament.

Bosporus
The Bosporus or Bosphorus Strait is a natural strait and an internationally significant waterway located in Turkey which is straddled by the city of  Istanbul. The Bosporus connects the Black Sea to the Sea of Marmara and forms one of the continental boundaries between Asia and Europe. It also divides Turkey by separating Asia Minor from Thrace. It is the world's narrowest strait used for international navigation.

Most of the shores of the Bosporus Strait, except for the area to the north, are heavily settled, with the city of Istanbul's metropolitan population of 17 million inhabitants extending inland from both banks.

The Bosporus Strait and the Dardanelles Strait at the opposite end of the Sea of Marmara are together known as the Turkish Straits.

Sections of the shore of the Bosporus in Istanbul have been reinforced with concrete or rubble and those sections of the strait prone to deposition are periodically dredged.
Al-Hikmah University
Al-Hikmah University is an Islamic university located in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. It was founded in 2005 by AbdulRaheem Oladimeji Islamic Foundation (AROIF) based in Nigeria and World Assembly of Muslim Youths (WAMY) based in Jeddah. Muhammed Taofeek Olalekan Ibrahim is the immediate past Vice-chancellor. He was succeeded by Noah Yusuf who is now the current Vice-chancellor. The goal of Al-Hikmah University is to be a center of intellectual and moral excellence.

The University came into existence via the granting of an operating license to run as a Conventional Private University by the Federal Government of Nigeria License No. 010 on 7 January 2005. It commenced academic activities during the 2005–2006 academic session with 70 students spread across the three take-off colleges: Humanities, Management Sciences and Natural Sciences.

Intellectual
An intellectual is a person who engages in critical thinking, research, and reflection about the nature of reality, especially the nature of society and proposed solutions for its normative problems. Coming from the world of culture, either as a creator or as a mediator, the intellectual participates in politics, either to defend a concrete proposition or to denounce an injustice, usually by either rejecting, producing or extending an ideology, and by defending a system of values.