hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Par (command)
The computer program par is a text formatting utility for Unix and Unix-like operating systems, written by Adam M. Costello as a replacement for the fmt command.

Par reformats paragraphs of text to fit into a given line length optimally, keeping prefixes and suffixes intact, which is useful for formatting source code comments. It also understands the conventions commonly used for quoting in email replies, and is capable of intelligently reformatting these several levels deep while rewrapping the text they quote.

Par can be invoked from text editors such as Vim or Emacs. To support Unicode par needs to be compiled with a patch that adds multi-byte character support, typically, UTF-8 encoding. Unlike fmt, par also supports text justification.

Unix-like
A Unix-like (sometimes referred to as UN*X, *nix or *NIX) operating system is one that behaves in a manner similar to a Unix system, although not necessarily conforming to or being certified to any version of the Single UNIX Specification. A Unix-like application is one that behaves like the corresponding Unix command or shell. Although there are general philosophies for Unix design, there is no technical standard defining the term, and opinions can differ about the degree to which a particular operating system or application is Unix-like. Some well-known examples of Unix-like operating systems include Linux, FreeBSD and OpenBSD. These systems are often used on servers as well as on personal computers and other devices. Many popular applications, such as the Apache web server and the Bash shell, are also designed to be used on Unix-like systems.
Jasen Pratt
Jasen Pratt is a Canadian former swimmer active in the late 1980s and early 1990s.

A native of Alberta, Pratt was a national champion in the 200 m and 400 m individual medley. His best results came in the 400 m individual medley, an event in which he won a bronze medal at the 1991 Pan American Games and was less than a second away from qualifying for the 1992 Barcelona Olympics. He came seventh in the 400 m individual medley at the Pan American Games in Mar del Plata and retired soon after to move into coaching.

Pratt is the eldest brother of ice hockey players Harlan Pratt and Nolan Pratt. Both his daughter Halle Pratt and son Cole Pratt competed at the Tokyo Olympics, as a synchronised swimmer and backstroke swimmer respectively.

Halle Pratt
Halle Pratt (born 6 October 1999) is a Canadian synchronized swimmer, joining the national team in 2017. Pratt won a gold medal in the team artistic swimming category at the 2019 Pan American Games. She placed sixth in the team competition at the 2016 FINA World Junior Synchronised Swimming Championships. Pratt was a training member of Canada's national team in the lead-up to the delayed 2020 Summer Olympics which were postponed as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Her brother is Cole Pratt who competes on Canada's competitive swimming team in the backstroke and medley events.
Championnat de France (women's water polo)
The Championnat de France de water-polo féminin is the premier championship for women's water polo clubs in France. First held in 1983, it is currently contested by seven teams. It is currently granted two spots in the Champions Cup and two in the LEN Trophy.

European Aquatics Women's Champions League
The European Aquatics Women's Champions League, formerly known as LEN European Cup (from 1987 to 1999), LEN Champions Cup (from 1999 to 2013), LEN Euroleague Women (2014 to 2022) and LEN Women's Champions League (from 2023 to 2024) is the premier competition for women's water polo clubs of Europe and takes place every year. It is organized by the Ligue Européenne de Natation (LEN) and was created in 1987 as LEN European Cup. From 2024, after LEN was renamed to European Aquatics, the new name is the European Aquatics Women's Champions League.
Popular Front for Democracy
The Popular Front for Democracy (Sotho: Khoeetsa ea Sechaba) is a political party in Lesotho. 
At the elections for the National Assembly, 25 May 2002, the party won 1.1% of popular votes and 1 out of 120 seats. In the 17 February 2007 parliamentary election, the party kept 1 seat.
In 2012 elections it increases numbers of seats in the parliament, it got 3 seats. While in 2015 elections it got 2 seats, after 2017 elections it rise to 3 seats, although this was reduced to 1 in the 2022 elections.

Sotho language
Sotho (/ˈsuːtuː/), also known as Sesotho (/sɪˈsuːtuː, sə-/), Southern Sotho, or Sesotho sa Borwa, is a Southern Bantu language spoken in Lesotho, as its national language, and South Africa, where it is an official language.

Like all Bantu languages, Sesotho is an agglutinative language, using numerous affixes and derivational and inflexional rules to build complete words.
Friedrich Zobel
Thomas Friedrich Zobel von Giebelstadt und Darstadt (1799 – 12 July 1869) was an Austrian military officer.

Zobel was born into a family of the lesser Austrian nobility. He studied in the military academy of Vienna and  distinguished himself in the riots in Lombardy-Venetia of 1848. On 30 April 1849 he was appointed Major General, becoming the governor of the fortress of Verona, where there was one of the largest Austrian garrisons in northern Italy.

On 12 May 1853 he was named a leutnant-feldmarschall in the Austrian army. He defended against the invasion of Lombardy-Venetia by a combined force from the Kingdom of Sardinia and Piedmont, and France, and fought in the battle of Palestro (1859, during the Italian Second War of Independence) as the Austrian commander, although the battle was lost.  He retired from the military in 1864 and died in 1869.

Battle of Palestro
The Battle of Palestro was fought on 30–31 May 1859 between the Austrian Empire and the combined forces of the Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont and France. The Franco-Piedmontese forces were victorious. It was fought just south to Palestro, a town in what is now the province of Pavia in northern Italy. It was believed that the Battle of Palestro was the last European battle in which a European Monarch rode into battle, that being King Victor Emmanuel II, who directly entered the fray with the Austrians.
2003 Acura Classic
The 2003 Acura Classic was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts in San Diego in the United States. It was part of Tier II of the 2003 WTA Tour. It was the 25th edition of the tournament and was held from July 28 through August 3, 2003. Third-seeded Justine Henin-Hardenne won her third consecutive singles title at the event and earned $148,000 first-prize money as well as 220 ranking points.

WTA Tier II tournaments
The WTA Tier II tournaments were Women's Tennis Association tennis second-level tournaments held from 1990 until the end of the 2008 season. The line-up of events varied over the years, with tournaments being promoted, demoted or cancelled.

From 2009 WTA Tour, WTA changed tournament categories, so that majority of Tier I and Tier II tournaments from the previous season were in one category, the WTA Premier Tournaments.
Marco Rivaro
Marco Gilverto Rivaro (born 2 September 1973) is an Italian former rugby union international.

Born in Genoa, Rivaro was a three-quarter, introduced to the sport by his father Carlo, who had played as a fly-half on the University of Genoa team. He followed his father in studying at the University of Genoa and graduated with a first-class honours degree in law, after which he moved to England for post graduate studies.

Rivaro's performances for London Irish in the 1999–00 season caught the attention of Italy coach Brad Johnstone and he was invited to their training camp, then earned a place in the squad for the 2000 Six Nations. He made his debut as a substitute in Italy's historic Six Nations win over Scotland, one of four Italy caps he would gain over the next two years.

While playing for Cambridge University, Rivaro became the first Italian to feature in The Varsity Match.

The Varsity Match
The Varsity Match is an annual rugby union fixture played between the universities of Oxford and Cambridge in England. The event began in 1872 with the first men's match, with interruptions only for the two World Wars and the COVID-19 pandemic. From 1921 to 2023 the game was played at Twickenham Stadium, London and usually took place in early December. The game is now played in March and will take place at StoneX Stadium in 2024.

Following the 141st match in 2023, Oxford have 62 wins, and Cambridge maintain the lead with 65; 14 games have ended in draws. Varsity matches between Oxford and Cambridge are also arranged in various other sports.

The women's rugby Varsity Match was first played in 1988 and has taken place at Twickenham on the same day as the men's game since 2015. Cambridge won the 2019 match, repeating their 8–5 victory of 2018.
St Augustine's Church, Darlington
St Augustine's Church is a Roman Catholic parish church in Darlington, County Durham. The church was built in 1827 to a design by Ignatius Bonomi, was enlarged and remodelled by Joseph Hansom in 1865, and is a Grade II listed building.

Darlington
Darlington is a market town in the Borough of Darlington, County Durham, England. It lies on the River Skerne, 13 miles (21 km) west of Middlesbrough and 17 miles (27 km) south of Durham. Darlington had a population of 107,800 at the 2021 Census, making it a "large town" and one of the largest settlements in North East England. The town is linked to London, Leeds, York, Newcastle and Edinburgh by the East Coast Main Line railway and the A1 road.
Skjold, Troms
Skjold or Øverbygd is a village in Målselv Municipality in Troms county, Norway. Skjold is located at the confluence of the Målselva and Fjellfrøselva rivers, about 30 km (19 mi) east of the town of Bardufoss. The village of Holmen lies just east of Skjold. The 0.91-square-kilometre (220-acre) village has a population (2023) of 243 and a population density of 267 inhabitants per square kilometre (690/sq mi).

The Skjold army base is located just north of the village of Skjold. It is home to the Brigade Nord (lit. 'Northern brigade') of the Norwegian Army.

The village of Skjold was the administrative centre of the old Øverbygd Municipality which existed from 1925 until its dissolution in 1964. The village area is also known as Øverbygd since it was the centre of the old municipality.

View of Øverbygd (c. 1958)

Øverbygd Church

Troms
Troms (Norwegian: [trʊms] ⓘ; Northern Sami: Romsa; Kven: Tromssa; Finnish: Tromssa) is a  county in northern Norway. It borders Finnmark county to the northeast and Nordland county in the southwest. Norrbotten Län in Sweden is located to the south and further southeast is a shorter border with Lapland Province in Finland. To the west is the Norwegian Sea (Atlantic Ocean). The county had a population of 169,610 in 2024.

The entire county, which was established in 1866, is located north of the Arctic Circle. The Troms County Municipality is the governing body for the county, elected by the people of Troms, while the Troms county governor is a representative of the King and Government of Norway.

From January 2020 to December 2023, Troms was merged with the neighboring Finnmark county to create the new Troms og Finnmark county. This merger was reversed by the government resulting from the 2021 Norwegian parliamentary election.
11 Brigade (United Kingdom)
The 11th Brigade is a brigade of the British Army which is transitioning to the tactical recce-strike role. The brigade was formerly the 11th Security Force Assistance Brigade, providing training and guidance for foreign militaries.

Originally formed in the Second Boer War, the brigade was engaged during both World Wars, and deployed to Afghanistan.

World war
A world war is an international conflict that involves most or all of the world's major powers. Conventionally, the term is reserved for the two major international conflicts that occurred during the first half of the 20th century: World War I (1914–1918) and World War II (1939–1945). Some historians have also characterized other global conflicts as world wars, such as the Cold War and the War on terror.
Israeli Americans
Israeli Americans (Hebrew: אָמֵרִיקָאִים יִשׂרָאֵליִם, romanized: Ameriqaim Yiśraʾelim) are Americans who are of full or partial Israeli descent.

The Israeli-American community, while predominantly Jewish, also includes various ethnic and religious minorities reflective of Israel's diverse demographics. This community also comprises ethnic Arab minorities, including Muslims, Christians and Druze as well as smaller, non-Arab minority groups.

Yerida
Yerida (Hebrew: ירידה, "descent") is emigration by Jews from the State of Israel (or in religious texts, Land of Israel). Yerida is the opposite of aliyah (Hebrew: עליה‎, lit. "ascent"), which is immigration of Jews to Israel. Zionists are generally critical of the act of yerida and the term has traditionally carried a negative connotation. The term applies specifically to Jewish emigrants and does not include the emigration of non-Jewish Israeli citizens.

According to a 2025 report by the Institute for Jewish Policy Research, 630,000 Israeli citizens live abroad, of whom roughly half were born abroad. Another 325,000 people outside Israel have at least one Israeli parent. Reasons commonly cited for emigration include the high cost of living, a desire to escape from the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, academic or professional opportunities abroad, and dissatisfaction with Israeli society. In 2024 and 2025, Israel experienced net negative migration: yerida was higher than aliyah.
Philippe Schaaf
Philippe Schaaf (born 1 April 1968) is a French team handball player.

With the French national team, he won a silver medal at the 1993 World Championship and at 1993 Mediterranean Games and a gold medal at the 1994 Goodwill Games. But at the 1996 Summer Olympics, he only placed 4th.

With clubs, he won the Coupe de France with US Ivry in 1996 and Swiss Handball League with TV Suhr in 2000. He also has been runner-up of DHB-Pokal with TV Niederwürzbach in 1998.

DHB-Pokal
The DHB-Pokal (English: German Handball Federation Cup) is an elimination handball tournament held annually in Germany. It is the second most important handball national title in the country after the Handball-Bundesliga championship.
National Federation Of Industrial Organisations
The National Federation Of Industrial Organisations (FIO, Japanese: 全国産業別労働組合連合, Shinsanbetsu) was a national trade union federation in Japan.

The federation was a split from Sanbetsu, which took place in 1952.  Always a small organisation, by 1967 it had only three affiliates and a total of 69,839 members.  By 1978, it had 61,000 members, and that year, it formed a loose association with the Federation of Independent Unions (Churitsuroren), intending to merge in the future.  In 1987, it merged with both Churitsuroren and the larger Japanese Confederation of Labour, to form the Japanese Trade Union Confederation.

Trade union federation
Organizers within trade unions have sought to increase the bargaining power of workers in regards to collective bargaining by acting in collaboration with other trade unions. Multi-union organizing can take place on an informal basis, or on a more formal basis via an umbrella organization comprising multiple trade unions. Such umbrella organizations may be referred to as a trade union federation, trade union confederation, or trade union centre.
Reeling (book)
Reeling is Pauline Kael's fifth collection of movie reviews, covering the years 1972 through 1975. First published in 1976 by Little Brown, the book is largely composed of movie reviews, ranging from her famous review of Last Tango in Paris to her review of A Woman Under the Influence, but it also contains a longer essay entitled "On the Future of Movies" as well as a book review of The Fred Astaire & Ginger Rogers Book, by fellow The New Yorker dance critic Arlene Croce. In 2010, four film critics polled by the British Film Institute listed Reeling among their favorite books related to cinema.

Reeling is out-of-print in the United States, but is still published by Marion Boyars Publishers in the United Kingdom.

Arlene Croce
Arlene Louise Croce (/ˈkroʊtʃiː/; May 5, 1934 – December 16, 2024) was an American dance critic. She co-founded Ballet Review magazine in 1965 and served as its first editor. From 1973 to 1996 she was a dance critic for The New Yorker magazine.
Hazaribagh Thana
Hazaribagh (Bengali: হাজারীবাগ) is a Thana of Dhaka District in the Division of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Hazaribagh is part of Old Town, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 95% of Bangladesh's tanneries, which is where animal skins are processed to make leather, were located in or around Hazaribagh before they moved to Hemayatpur, Savar. In Hazaribagh, traditional establishments, culture, language and food can be found in daily life practices. Owing to its location near Buriganga River, Hazaribagh shares significant history as well. It is one of the most densely populated places on earth, though it is criticised for its low living standards.

Administrative geography of Bangladesh
Bangladesh is divided into 8 divisions and 64 districts, although these have a limited role in public policy. For the purpose of local governance, the country is divided into subdistricts, municipalities (or town councils), city corporations (i.e., metropolitan municipal corporations), and union councils (i.e., rural councils).

The diagram below outlines the five tiers of government in Bangladesh.
Holy Transfiguration of Our Lord Chapel
The Holy Transfiguration of Our Lord Chapel (Russian: Храм Преображения Господня) is a historic Russian Orthodox church located near Ninilchik, Kenai Peninsula Borough, Alaska, that was built in 1901. It is an approximately 20-by-50-foot (6.1 m × 15.2 m) roughly cruxiform-shaped building, mainly designed by Alexi Andreev Oskolkoff who came from Sitka to supervise the building's construction.  The 1901 church replaced an older church built near Ninilchik village's 1846 founding.  As of 1977, the church competed only with a largely altered schoolhouse as an artifact of past Russian associations to the community.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.

Now it is under Diocese of Alaska of the Orthodox Church in America.

Kenai Peninsula Borough, Alaska
Kenai Peninsula Borough is a borough in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 58,799, up from 55,400 in 2010. The borough seat is Soldotna, the largest city is Kenai, and the most populated community is the census-designated place of Kalifornsky.

The borough includes most of the Kenai Peninsula and a large area of the mainland of Alaska on the opposite side of Cook Inlet.
Effects: Magazine for New Art Theory
Effects: Magazine for New Art Theory was an American arts magazine.
 It was co-published and co-edited by Tricia Collins and Richard Milazzo from 1983 to 1986 in New York City. All issues were offset-printed staple bound 27.7 x 21.3 cm.

Sarah Charlesworth
Sarah Edwards Charlesworth (March 29, 1947 – June 25, 2013) was an American conceptual artist and photographer. She is considered part of The Pictures Generation, a loose-knit group of artists working in New York in the late 1970s and early 1980s, all of whom were concerned with how images shape our everyday lives and society as a whole.
The Elfin Knight
"The Elfin Knight" (Roud 12, Child 2) is a traditional Scottish folk ballad of which there are many versions, all dealing with supernatural occurrences, and the commission to perform impossible tasks. The ballad has been collected in different parts of England, Scotland, Ireland, the US, and Canada. As is the case with most traditional folk songs, there have been countless completely different versions recorded of the same ballad. The first broadside version was printed before 1674, and the roots of the song may be considerably older.

Roud Folk Song Index
The Roud Folk Song Index is a database of around 250,000 references to nearly 25,000 songs collected from oral tradition in the English language from all over the world. It is compiled by Steve Roud. Roud's Index is a combination of the Broadside Index (printed sources before 1900) and a "field-recording index" compiled by Roud. It subsumes all the previous printed sources known to Francis James Child (the Child Ballads) and includes recordings from 1900 to 1975. Until early 2006, the index was available by a CD subscription; now it can be found online on the Vaughan Williams Memorial Library website, maintained by the English Folk Dance and Song Society (EFDSS). A partial list is also available at List of folk songs by Roud number.
Hugh Gusterson
Hugh Gusterson is an English anthropologist at the University of British Columbia and George Washington University.  His work focuses on nuclear culture, international security and the anthropology of science. His articles have appeared in the LA Times, the Boston Globe, the Boston Review the Washington Post, the Chronicle of Higher Education, Foreign Policy, and American Scientist. He is a regular contributor to the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists and has a regular column in Sapiens, an anthropology journal.

Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists is a bi-monthly, nontechnical academic journal, published by an organization of the same name. The organization named "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists" is a nonprofit organization concerning science and global security issues resulting from accelerating technological advances that have negative consequences for humanity. It publishes content both at a free-access website and through the journal. The organization has been publishing continuously since 1945, when it was founded by former Manhattan Project scientists as the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists of Chicago immediately following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The organization is also the keeper of the symbolic Doomsday Clock, the time of which is announced each January.
Khanag
Khanag (Russian: Ханаг; Tabassaran: Хянягъ) is a rural locality (a selo) in Khuriksky Selsoviet, Tabasaransky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. Population:  626 (2010 Census); 707 (2002 Census); 536 (1989 Soviet census).

Tabasaransky District
Tabasaransky District (Russian: Табасаранский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the forty-one in the Republic of Dagestan, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the republic. The area of the district is 801 square kilometers (309 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Khuchni. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 52,886, with the population of Khuchni accounting for 6.1% of that number.
2016 Capri Watch Cup – Doubles
Ilija Bozoljac and Filip Krajinović were the defending champions, but only Krajinović returned to defend his title, partnering Mirza Bašić. They lost in the first round to Johan Brunström and Andreas Siljeström.

Gero Kretschmer and Alexander Satschko won the title after defeating Matteo Donati and Stefano Napolitano 6–1, 6–3 in the final.

Johan Brunström
Johan Brunström (born 3 April 1980) is a professional Swedish tennis player. His highest ATP doubles ranking is no. 31, which he reached on 22 March 2010. His career high in singles is no. 377, which he reached on 24 September 2007.  He made his Davis Cup debut against Serbia in February 2012, with a win in doubles with partner Robert Lindstedt.

In June 2012, he reached the second round of Wimbledon men's doubles partnering Philipp Marx. They lost to David Marrero and Andreas Seppi.  At the 2012 Summer Olympics, he reached the second round of the men's doubles with Lindstedt.