hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2025–26 Biathlon World Cup
The 2025–26 Biathlon World Cup (official: BMW IBU World Cup Biathlon), organised by the International Biathlon Union (IBU), is the 49th official World Cup season for men and 44th edition for women as the highest level of international biathlon competitions.

The season is started on 29 November 2025 in Östersund, Sweden and will end on 22 March 2026 in Oslo Holmenkollen, Norway.

A major highlight of the season will be the 2026 Winter Olympics, held in Milan–Cortina, Italy, from 8 to 21 February, with the biathlon events taking place in Antholz-Anterselva. The results from these competitions will not be included in the World Cup standings.

Sturla Holm Lægreid from Norway and Franziska Preuß from Germany are the reigning champions from the previous season.

International Biathlon Union
The International Biathlon Union (IBU; German: Internationale Biathlon-Union) is the IOC (International Olympic Committee) authorized  international governing body of biathlon. Its headquarters were in Salzburg, Austria, until May 2020, when the Federation moved to Anif, on the outskirts of the city. It was rocked by a corruption scandal that broke in 2018, concerning the Russians bribing its top two officials. In 2022 Russia and Belarus were suspended from all international biathlon competitions until further notice.
Gershon Liebman
Gershon Liebman (1905 – 8 March 1997) was a rabbi, Holocaust survivor, and leader of the Novardok Yeshiva movement after World War II. He was the rosh yeshiva (head of school) of the Novardok Yeshiva in France, where he created 40 Torah institutions.

Liebman devoted his life to rebuilding the Novardok style of musar and service of God through intensive work on one's personal character traits after the Novardok movement was largely destroyed in the Holocaust.

Musar movement
The Musar movement (Hebrew: תְּנוּעַת הַמוּסָר, romanized: tnūʿat ha-Mūsar; also spelled Mussar) is an ethical, educational, and cultural movement in Judaism that developed in 19th-century Lithuania, particularly among Orthodox Lithuanian Jews. Musar (Biblical Hebrew: מוּסָר) is derived from Proverbs 1:2, wherein the author of the book of Proverbs uses the term to describe moral behavior, instruction, and discipline, with an emphasis on educating oneself about how to act properly. The term was used by the originators of the Musar movement to convey teachings regarding ethical and spiritual paths found in the Musar literature (סִפְרוּת הַמוּסָר, sifrūt ha-Mūsar). The Musar movement made significant contributions to the Musar literature and Jewish ethics. The movement was revived in the 21st century among Jews of all denominations, particularly in the United States.
Clonevan
St. Patrick's Church at Clonevan (also spelt Clonevin) is in the Church of Ireland parish of Ardamine, County Wexford in the Diocese of Cashel and Ossory. The church is located on the R742 road south of the village of Ballygarrett near Cahore Point on the Wexford coast.

Cahore House at  Clonlevan, which is presently unoccupied, was the home of the George family for several generations. It was built in the 1840s by John George, Solicitor General for Ireland, who had inherited land there from his father.

County Wexford
County Wexford (Irish: Contae Loch Garman) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Leinster and is part of the Southern Region. Named after the town of Wexford, it was based on the historic Gaelic territory of Hy Kinsella (Uí Ceinnsealaigh), whose capital was Ferns. Wexford County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county was 163,527 at the 2022 census.
4th Division (Norway)
The 4th Norwegian Division was an army unit of the Norwegian Army. It was in charge of defending the Hordaland. During the Second World War, the division had been mobilized to 6,361 soldiers and 551 horses. They fought in Vestland, defending Voss and securing the Bergen railway line. Having lost Voss soon after, they defended the Sognefjord until May 1940, when General Steffens ordered his troops to disband.

Voss (traditional district)
Voss Listenⓘ is a traditional district in Vestland county, Norway. The region is dominated by valleys, mountains, and lakes, located between the Sognefjord and Hardangerfjord and east of the city of Bergen. The district consists of Voss Municipality since 1964 (prior to that time it included Voss Municipality, Vossestrand Municipality, and Evanger Municipality). The largest settlement in the district is Vossavangen.
Veronika Pepelyaeva
Veronika Pavlovna Pepelyaeva (Russian: Вероника Павловна Пепеляева; born 3 August 2001) is a Russian former tennis player.

Pepelyaeva has a career-high WTA doubles ranking of 483, achieved on 31 December 2018. She won two doubles titles at tournaments of the ITF Women's Circuit.

Pepelyaeva made her WTA Tour debut at the 2019 Baltic Open, after receiving a wildcard for the doubles main draw, partnered with Anastasia Tikhonova.

WTA rankings
The WTA rankings are the ratings defined by the Women's Tennis Association, introduced in November 1975. The computer that calculates the ranking is nicknamed "Medusa".

Aryna Sabalenka is the current world No. 1 in women's singles.
Tamangic languages
The Tamangic languages, TGTM languages, or West Bodish languages or Kaike-Ghale-Tamangic languages (Glottolog), are a family of Sino-Tibetan languages spoken in the Himalayas of Nepal. They are called "West Bodish" by Bradley (1997), from Bod, the native term for Tibet. TGTM stands for Tamang-Gurung-Thakali-Manang.

Proto-TGTM has been reconstructed in Mazaudon (1994). Tamangic is united with the Bodish and West Himalayish languages in Bradley's (1997) "Bodish" and Van Driem's (2001) Tibeto-Kanauri.

Glottolog
Glottolog is an open-access online bibliographic database of the world's languages. In addition to listing linguistic materials (grammars, articles, dictionaries) describing individual languages, the database also contains the most up-to-date language affiliations based on the work of expert linguists.

Glottolog was first developed and maintained at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany, and between 2015 and 2020 at the Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology in Jena, Germany. Its main curators include Harald Hammarström and Martin Haspelmath.
Gen. John J. Pershing Boyhood Home State Historic Site
Gen. John J. Pershing Boyhood Home State Historic Site in Laclede, Missouri, is maintained by the Missouri Department of Natural Resources as a state historic site. General John Joseph "Jack" Pershing led the American Expeditionary Forces in World War I and attained the rank of General of the Armies. Pershing was born on a farm outside Laclede, but lived in the home from age six to adulthood. The historic site preserves and interprets the boyhood home and the one-room Prairie Mound School at which he taught for a year before attending West Point Military Academy. The home has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1969, and was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1976.

Historic site
A historic site or heritage site is an official location where pieces of political, military, cultural, or social history have been preserved due to their cultural heritage value. Historic sites are usually protected by law, and many have been recognized with official historic status. A historic site may be any building, landscape, site or structure that is of local, regional, national, or global significance. Usually this also means the site must be at least 50 years or older.
Kankesanthurai Lighthouse
Kankesanthurai Lighthouse is a lighthouse in Kankesanthurai in northern Sri Lanka. Built in 1893, the 22 metres (72 ft) lighthouse has an octagonal masonry tower with lantern and gallery. Located deep inside the Sri Lankan military's Valikamam North High Security Zone and next to a naval base, the lighthouse was heavily damaged during the Sri Lankan Civil War and is inactive.

Sri Lanka Armed Forces
The Sri Lanka Armed Forces is the overall unified military of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka encompassing the Sri Lanka Army, the Sri Lanka Navy, and the Sri Lanka Air Force; they are governed by the Ministry of Defence (MoD). The three services have around 346,700 active personnel; conscription has never been imposed in Sri Lanka. As of 2021 it is the 14th largest military in the world, with 1.46% of the Sri Lankan population actively serving.
Mechanica
Mechanica (Latin: Mechanica sive motus scientia analytice exposita; 1736) is a two-volume work published by mathematician Leonhard Euler which describes analytically the mathematics governing movement.

Euler both developed the techniques of analysis and applied them to numerous problems in mechanics, 
notably in later publications the calculus of variations. Euler's laws of motion expressed scientific laws of Galileo and Newton in terms of points in reference frames and coordinate systems making them useful for calculation when the statement of a problem or example is slightly changed from the original.

Newton–Euler equations express the dynamics of a rigid body. Euler has been credited with contributing to the rise of Newtonian mechanics especially in topics other than gravity.

Mechanics
Mechanics (from Ancient Greek  μηχανική (mēkhanikḗ) 'of machines') is the area of physics concerned with the relationships between force, matter, and motion among physical objects. Forces applied to objects may result in displacements, which are changes of an object's position relative to its environment.

Theoretical expositions of this branch of physics have their origins in Ancient Greece, for instance, in the writings of Aristotle and Archimedes (see History of classical mechanics and Timeline of classical mechanics). During the early modern period, scientists such as Galileo Galilei, Johannes Kepler, Christiaan Huygens, and Isaac Newton laid the foundation for what is now known as classical mechanics.

In the 20th century the concepts of classical mechanics were challenged by new discoveries, leading to fundamentally new approaches including relativistic mechanics and quantum mechanics.
Evangelical Baptist Church (Newton, Massachusetts)
The Evangelical Baptist Church is an historic church located at 23 Chapel Street, in the village of Nonantum in Newton, Massachusetts. Built in 1873 in Gothic Revival style, it was designed by noted Boston architect Charles Edward Parker, who  in 1853 designed what today is the Architects Building of the Boston Society of Architects at 52 Broad Street, Boston. Evangelical Baptist Church was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 4, 1986.

The Evangelical Baptist Church is still an active congregation.

Newton, Massachusetts
Newton is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. It is located roughly 8 miles (13 km) west of Downtown Boston, and comprises a patchwork of thirteen villages. The city borders Boston to the northeast and southeast (via the neighborhoods of Brighton and West Roxbury), Brookline to the east, Watertown and Waltham to the north, and Weston, Wellesley, and Needham to the west. At the 2020 U.S. census, the population of Newton was 88,923.

Newton is home to the Charles River, Crystal Lake, and Heartbreak Hill, among other landmarks. It is served by several streets and highways (including Route 9, Hammond Pond Parkway, and the Mass Pike), as well as the Green Line D branch run by the MBTA.

Historically, the area that is now Newton was settled in 1639, and was originally first part of Cambridge (then called "the newe towne"). It split from Cambridge in 1681, and became known by its present name of Newton in 1766. It then became a city in 1874.
Alexander Ramsay of Mar
Alexander Arthur Alfonso David Maule Ramsay of Mar, DL (21 December 1919 – 20 December 2000) was the only child of Princess Patricia of Connaught, who renounced her royal title and style when she married then-Captain the Hon. Alexander Ramsay in February 1919. His mother was the youngest child of Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught, the third son of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. His father was the third son of John Ramsay, 13th Earl of Dalhousie. Through the marriage of his maternal aunt, Princess Margaret of Connaught, to the Swedish prince who later became King Gustav VI Adolf of Sweden, his first cousins included Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Västerbotten, whose son later became King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden; and Princess Ingrid of Sweden, who later became Queen of Denmark after marrying the Danish prince who later became King Frederik IX of Denmark.

Ingrid of Sweden
Ingrid of Sweden (Ingrid Victoria Sofia Louisa Margareta; 28 March 1910 – 7 November 2000) was Queen of Denmark from 20 April 1947 to 14 January 1972 as the wife of King Frederik IX.

Ingrid was born into the House of Bernadotte as the only daughter of Crown Prince Gustaf Adolf of Sweden (later King Gustaf VI Adolf) and his first wife, Princess Margaret of Connaught. In 1935, she married Frederik, then Crown Prince of Denmark. The couple had three daughters: Margrethe, Benedikte, and Anne-Marie.

In 1947, Frederik became king upon the death of his father, King Christian X, and Ingrid became queen consort. As queen, Ingrid reformed the traditions of Danish court life, abolished many old-fashioned customs at court and created a more relaxed atmosphere at official receptions. In 1972, Frederik died and was succeeded by his and Ingrid's eldest daughter, Margrethe II. Ingrid died in 2000.
Ampati
Ampati is a district headquarters of South West Garo Hills of Meghalaya state in north-eastern India. South West Garo Hills is curved of present West Garo Hills on 7 August 2012. It is located at the latitude of 25º27.505 and longitude of 089º56.456 and is 52 km away from the district headquarters Tura of West Garo Hills district, Meghalaya. The hill region is mostly inhabited by the Garos, while in the foothills there are Hajongs and Koches. The second largest ethnicity after Garos is Hajong. The district is surrounded by South Salmara district of Assam and Kurigram District of Bangladesh. South West Garo Hills has approximately 35 kilometres of international boundary with Bangladesh on the south and western side. Nearly one third of the total number of villages of the district is declared as border villages by the Border Area Development Department.

South Salmara-Mankachar district
South Salmara-Mankachar district is an administrative district in the state of Assam in India. The district headquarter is located at Hatsingimari village which is situated at about 245 km from Guwahati. It was earlier a sub-division of the Dhubri District.
Gmina Zarszyn
Gmina Zarszyn is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Sanok County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. Its seat is the village of Zarszyn, which lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) west of Sanok and 50 km (31 mi) south of the regional capital Rzeszów.

The gmina covers an area of 105.96 square kilometres (40.9 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 9,225.

National Exposition of the Simmental Cattle and the Regional Championship of Hucul Horse. Odrzechowa Experimental Station of the National Research Institute of Animal Production, which has the largest herd of Simmental cattle in  Poland.

National Exposition of the Simmental Cattle and the Regional Championship of Hucul Horse. Odrzechowa Experimental Station of the National Research Institute of Animal Production. Rudawka Rymanowska. 2008.08.30

Ethnic Groups

Poles

Rudawka Rymanowska
Rudawka Rymanowska [ruˈdafka rɨmaˈnɔfska] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Rymanów, within Krosno County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland.

A small village situated in the northern part of Bukowskie Foothills over a picturesque gorge of the upper Wisłok River. A well-known part of John Paul II trail in the Low Beskid Mountains – Karol Wojtyła, the late Pope, took the trail six times during his summer vacations. His first visit took place in 1952, while his final stay ended only 70 days before the conclave at which he was elected Pope. These visits are commemorated by an obelisk erected near the local waterfall.

Every year, on last Sunday of August, the town hosts the National Exposition of the Simmental Cattle and the Regional
Championship of Hucul Horse.
Carl Sorokoski
"King" Carl Sorokoski (March 17, 1921 – June 7, 1977), was a Canadian ice hockey player with the Lethbridge Maple Leafs. He won a gold medal at the 1951 World Ice Hockey Championships in Paris, France. The 1951 Lethbridge Maple Leafs team was inducted to the Alberta Sports Hall of Fame in 1974.

1951 Ice Hockey World Championships
The 1951 Ice Hockey World Championships was the 18th World Championship and the 29th European Championship in ice hockey for international teams. The tournament took place in France from 9 to 17 March and the games were played in the capital city, Paris. Thirteen nations took part, and were first split into two groups. The seven best teams were placed in the first group, and the six others were placed into the "Criterium Européen", which would later become the B Pool. Each group was played in a round robin format, with each team playing each other once.

Canada, represented by the Lethbridge Maple Leafs, became world champions for the 14th time.  Highest ranking European team Sweden finished second, winning their fifth European Championship, finishing ahead of the Swiss on goal differential by three.

This tournament would be the last time France hosted the elite division of the World Championships until 2017, when Paris co-hosted the championship alongside Cologne in Germany.
Nepenthes micramphora
Nepenthes micramphora is a tropical pitcher plant known only from Mount Hamiguitan on the island of Mindanao in the Philippines. It is a highland plant growing at elevations of 1,100–1,635 m.

Nepenthes micramphora is closely allied to N. abgracilis and N. cid, both also from Mindanao, and together these species comprise the informal "N. micramphora group".

The specific epithet micramphora is derived from the Greek mikros (small) and Latin amphora (amphora, urn), and references the tiny pitchers of this species.

Urn
An urn is a vase, often with a cover, with a typically narrowed neck above a rounded body and a footed pedestal. Describing a vessel as an "urn", as opposed to a vase or other terms, generally reflects its use rather than any particular shape or origin. The term is especially often used for funerary urns, vessels used in burials, either to hold the cremated ashes or as grave goods, but is used in many other contexts.

Large sculpted vases are often called urns, whether placed outdoors, in gardens or as architectural ornaments on buildings, or kept inside. In catering, large vessels for serving tea or coffee are often called "tea-urns", even when they are metal cylinders of purely functional design.

Urns are also a common reference in thought experiments in probability wherein marbles or balls of different colors are used to represent different results and the urn represents the "container" of the whole set of possible states.
Religious stratification
Religious stratification  is the division of a society into hierarchical layers on the basis of religious beliefs, affiliation, or faith practices.

According to Kingsley Davis and Wilbert E. Moore, "[t]he reason why religion is necessary is apparently to be found in the fact that human society achieves its unity primarily through the possession by its members of certain ultimate values and ends in common".  Furthermore, Davis and Moore contend that it is "the role of religious belief and ritual to supply and reinforce this appearance of reality" that these "certain ultimate values" have. This is one possible explanation for why religion is one of the underlying factors which links various forms of inequality into a chain of stratification.

Faith
In religion, faith is the "belief in God or in the doctrines or teachings of religion".

Religious people often think of faith as confidence based on a perceived degree of warrant, or evidence, while others who are more skeptical of religion tend to think of faith as belief without evidence.

According to Thomas Aquinas, faith is "an act of the intellect assenting to the truth at the command of the will".
Religion has a long tradition, since the ancient world, of analyzing divine questions using common human experiences such as sensation, reason, science, and history that do not rely on revelation—called natural theology.
Warrington Meetinghouse
Warrington Meetinghouse is a historic Quaker meeting house on PA 74 in Wellsville, Warrington Township, York County, Pennsylvania.  It was built in 1769, and is a one-story, uncoursed fieldstone building with a steeply pitched gable roof.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.

State Historic Marker erected in 1947

Datestone

Meeting house
A meeting house (also spelled meetinghouse or meeting-house) is a building for religious and sometimes private meetings. It is primarily associated with Christian worship of certain movements after the Protestant Reformation of the 16th century, or later movements that developed from a Christian basis.
Tendency (party politics)
In socialist party politics, a tendency is a political faction, usually within a Marxist party or a Marxist faction of a wider party.

Examples include:

Debs Tendency, a group formed around Eugene Debs in the Socialist Party USA

International Marxist Tendency, the former name of the Revolutionary Communist International

International Socialist Tendency, a coalition of Trotskyist organizations espousing the ideas of Tony Cliff

Johnson–Forest Tendency, a Trotskyist group in the Workers Party (1940–1949) of the United States

Marxist Tendency, a Trotskyist organization in post-Soviet Russia

Militant tendency, a Trotskyist group in the UK Labour Party in the 1980s

Militant Tendency (Ireland), a Trotskyist group that became the Irish Socialist Party

Pathfinder tendency, a group of organizations that cooperate with the Socialist Workers Party of the United States

Revolutionary Communist International
The Revolutionary Communist International (RCI) is a Trotskyist political international. Founded as the Committee for a Marxist International (CMI) by British-based South African political theorist Ted Grant and his supporters after a break with the Committee for a Workers' International in 1992, it was subsequently renamed the International Marxist Tendency (IMT) in 2004 before adopting its current name in June 2024. The organization's website, Marxist.com, is edited by Alan Woods. The site is multilingual, and publishes international current affairs articles written from a Marxist perspective, as well as historical and theoretical articles.

The international maintains a list of national sections on its website.
Lhota-Vlasenice
Lhota-Vlasenice is a municipality in Pelhřimov District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 100 inhabitants.

Lhota-Vlasenice lies approximately 17 kilometres (11 mi) south-west of Pelhřimov, 36 km (22 mi) west of Jihlava, and 102 km (63 mi) south-east of Prague.

Pelhřimov
Pelhřimov (German: Pilgrams) is a town in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 16,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation.