hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Trams in Cottbus
The Cottbus tramway (German: Straßenbahn Cottbus, Lower Sorbian: Elektriska w Chóśebuzu) is a network of tramways forming the backbone of the public transport system in Cottbus, a city in the federal state of Brandenburg, Germany.

Opened in 1903, the network has been operated since 1953 by the company now known as Cottbusverkehr, and is integrated in the Verkehrsverbund Berlin-Brandenburg (VBB).

Transport network analysis
A transport network, or transportation network, is a network or graph in geographic space, describing an infrastructure that permits and constrains movement or flow.
Examples include but are not limited to road networks, railways, air routes, pipelines, aqueducts, and power lines. The digital representation of these networks, and the methods for their analysis, is a core part of spatial analysis, geographic information systems, public utilities, and transport engineering. Network analysis is an application of the theories and algorithms of graph theory and is a form of proximity analysis.
Denise Trudel
Denise Trudel (French pronunciation: [dəniz tʁydɛl]; born August 27, 1955) is a Canadian politician. She was a Coalition Avenir Québec (CAQ) member of the National Assembly of Quebec for the Capitale-Nationale region Charlesbourg riding from 2012 to 2014, elected in the 2012 election.

Prior to her election to the provincial legislature, Trudel served on the Quebec City Council from 2005 to 2012.

Quebec City Council
The Quebec City Council (French: Conseil municipal de Québec) is the governing body in the mayor–council government in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. The council consists of a mayor and of 21 representatives representing the 21 city council districts, with a president by borough in the elected representatives. The current council is composed of an equality of 8 Québec forte et fière councillors, led by the mayor Bruno Marchand. The main opposition party is Québec d'abord led by Claude Villeneuve, which has eight seats. Québec 21 has three seats.
Trimezia northiana
Trimezia northiana, synonym Neomarica northiana, also known as North's false flag or walking iris, is a flowering plant, native to Brazil, with a rhizomatous rootstock, belonging to the iris family, Iridaceae.

Iridaceae
Iridaceae (/ɪrɪˈdeɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/) is a family of plants in order Asparagales, taking its name from the irises. It has a nearly global distribution, with 69 accepted genera with a total of about 2500 species. It includes a number of economically important cultivated plants, such as species of Freesia, Gladiolus, and Crocus, as well as the crop saffron.

Members of this family are perennial plants, with a bulb, corm or rhizome.  The plants grow erect, and have leaves that are generally grass-like, with a sharp central fold. Some examples of members of this family are the blue flag and yellow flag.
Ludger Duvernay
Ludger Duvernay (January 22, 1799 – November 28, 1852), born in Verchères, Quebec, was a printer by profession and published a number of newspapers including the Gazette des Trois-Rivières, the first newspaper in Lower Canada outside of Quebec City and Montreal, and also La Minerve, which supported the Parti patriote and Louis-Joseph Papineau in the years leading up to the Lower Canada Rebellion.

Parti canadien
The Parti canadien (French pronunciation: [paʁti kanadjɛ̃]) or Parti patriote (pronounced [paʁti patʁiɔt]) was a primarily francophone political party in what is now Quebec founded by members of the liberal elite of Lower Canada at the beginning of the 19th century. Its members were made up of liberal professionals and small-scale merchants, including François Blanchet, Pierre-Stanislas Bédard, John Neilson, Jean-Thomas Taschereau, James Stuart, Louis Bourdages, Denis-Benjamin Viger, Daniel Tracey, Edmund Bailey O'Callaghan, Andrew Stuart and Louis-Joseph Papineau.
Deportes Concepción (Chile)
Deportes Concepción is a Chilean football club based in the city of Concepción, Biobio Region. As of 2025, they play at the second tier of the Chilean League system, the Primera B de Chile.

The club was founded in 1966, by the organizations of several amateur clubs such as Galvarino, Liverpool, Juvenil Unido, Santa Fe and Club Lord Cochrane. The club is one of the most popular in the VIII region of Chile. Their main rivals are Fernández Vial, with whom they play the "clásico penquista" and Huachipato. The club played their home games at Estadio Ester Roa in Concepción, Chile, which seats 30,448 people.

Tercera B
Tercera División B de Chile (Third Division B of Chile), is the fifth tier of Chilean football (soccer) in the Liga Chilena de Fútbol, and is organized by the Federación de Fútbol de Chile and the Asociación Nacional de Fútbol Amateur de Chile. It is both the fifth level of the Chilean football league system and the second league for Chilean Football Youth Leagues.
United Federation of Teachers
The United Federation of Teachers (UFT) is the labor union that represents most teachers in New York City public schools. As of 2005, there were about 118,000 in-service teachers and nearly 30,000 paraprofessional educators in the union, as well as about 54,000 retired members. In October 2007, 28,280 home day care providers voted to join the union. It is affiliated with the American Federation of Teachers, the AFL–CIO and the Central Labor Council. It is also the largest member of New York State United Teachers, which is affiliated with the National Educational Association and Education International.

Paraprofessional educator
A paraprofessional educator, alternatively known as a paraeducator, para, instructional assistant, educational assistant, teacher's aide or classroom assistant, is a teaching-related position within a school generally responsible for specialized or concentrated assistance for students in elementary and secondary schools. Paraprofessional licensure requirements vary by locale.
Mathias Point
Mathias Point (58°28′S 26°14′W﻿ / ﻿58.467°S 26.233°W﻿ / -58.467; -26.233) is a point about 1.5 nautical miles (3 km) north of Allen Point, Montagu Island, in the South Sandwich Islands. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for W.A. Mathias, Royal Navy, a pilot in HMS Protector's ship's flight during the survey of the South Sandwich Islands in 1964.

South Sandwich Islands
The South Sandwich Islands (Spanish: Islas Sandwich del Sur) are a chain of uninhabited volcanic islands in the South Atlantic Ocean. They are administered as part of the British Overseas Territory of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands. The chain lies in the sub-Antarctic region, about 700 kilometres (430 mi) southeast of South Georgia and 1,700 kilometres (1,100 mi) northeast from the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula.

The archipelago comprises 11 main islands forming an island arc running north–south, the largest being Montagu at 110 square kilometres (42 sq mi). It is divided into four groups, from north to south: The Traversay, Candlemas and Central Islands (Saunders, Montagu, and Bristol), and Southern Thule.

The archipelago is prone to violent earthquakes. Over the previous century, nine M 7+ earthquakes have occurred here, the most recent being the M 8.1 in August 2021. None of these earthquakes are known to have caused fatalities due to their remote location.
Donkervoort D8
The Donkervoort D8 is a series of ultra-light weight sports cars manufactured by Dutch car manufacturer Donkervoort in Lelystad, Netherlands since 1993. They have been produced in several variants, starting with the original Donkervoort D8 Zetec (1993-1998), which used engines made by Ford; since 1999, the cars have used engines built by German automobile manufacturer Audi.

Sports car
A sports car is a type of automobile that is designed with an emphasis on dynamic performance, such as handling, acceleration, top speed, the thrill of driving, and racing capability. Sports cars originated in Europe in the early 1910s and are currently produced by many manufacturers around the world.
1971 Islington London Borough Council election
The 1971 Islington Council election took place on 13 May 1971 to elect members of Islington London Borough Council in London, England. The whole council was up for election and the Labour Party gained overall control of the council.

Islington London Borough Council
Islington London Borough Council, also known as Islington Council, is the local authority for the London Borough of Islington in Greater London, England. The council has been under Labour majority control since 2010. The council meets at Islington Town Hall.
Les Lazarowitz
Leslie Lazarowitz (October 2, 1941 – January 6, 2017) was an American sound engineer. He was nominated for two Academy Awards in the category Best Sound for Raging Bull and Tootsie. Lazarowitz died from cancer on January 6, 2017, in Florida. He was 75.

His life began in Williamsburg, Brooklyn, New York. He studied at Brooklyn College, and started work as a photographer's assistant in the early 1960s. He soon was working in several roles at a commercial television studio, including editing.

Throughout his career, Les Lazarowitz worked his way up to production sound mixer until his retirement in the late 1990s. He has worked with many directors including Martin Scorsese, John Badham, Sidney Pollack, Mike Nichols, Jonathan Demme, Penny Marshall, James Toback, and Brian De Palma. His film credits began in 1969 with Midnight Cowboy up through Don't Drink the Water in 1994.

Penny Marshall
Carole Penny Marshall (October 15, 1943 – December 17, 2018) was an American actress, film director, and producer. She is best known for her role as Laverne DeFazio on the television sitcom Laverne & Shirley (1976–1983), receiving three nominations for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Television Series Musical or Comedy for her portrayal.

Marshall made her directorial debut with Jumpin' Jack Flash (1986) before directing Big (1988), which became the first film directed by a woman to gross more than $100 million at the U.S. box office. Her subsequent directing credits included Awakenings (1990) (which was nominated for Academy Award for Best Picture), A League of Their Own (1992), Renaissance Man (1994), The Preacher's Wife (1996), and Riding in Cars with Boys (2001). She also produced Cinderella Man and Bewitched (both 2005), and directed episodes of the television series According to Jim and United States of Tara.
Que Se Sienta el Deseo
"Que Se Sienta el Deseo" is a song by Puerto Rican rapper Wisin, featuring vocals from Puerto Rican singer Ricky Martin. It was released on September 4, 2015, as the second single from his third studio album, Los Vaqueros 3: La trilogía (2015).

Wisin
Juan Luis Morera Luna (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈxwan ˈlwis moˈɾeɾa ˈluna]; born December 19, 1978), known professionally as Wisin (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈɣ̝ʷisin]), is a Puerto Rican rapper, singer and record producer, best known as a member of the reggaeton duo Wisin & Yandel. Wisin is noted for his unique and aggressive style of rapping.
Song of the Caballero
Song of the Caballero is a 1930 pre-Code American Western film directed by Harry Joe Brown and written by Bennett Cohen and Leslie Mason. The film stars Ken Maynard. The film was released on June 29, 1930, by Universal Pictures.

Bennett Cohen
Bennett Cohen (August 28, 1890 – June 10, 1964) was an American screenwriter and director. He wrote for more than 180 films between 1915 and 1953. He also directed 17 films between 1925 and 1934. He was born in Trinidad, Colorado and died in Los Angeles, California.
Gagliardi Trophy
The Gagliardi Trophy was first presented in 1993 to the Outstanding Division III college football player of the year by the Jostens Company and the J-Club of Saint John's University in Minnesota. Since that time, the award has become one of the leading collegiate football awards in Division III football, honoring excellence in athletics, academics and community service. The award is named for John Gagliardi, head football coach of Carroll College 1949 to 1952 and Saint John's University in Minnesota from 1953 to 2012. The trophy was presented by the Salem Rotary Club each year in Salem, Virginia until 2018.

College of Saint Benedict and Saint John's University
The College of Saint Benedict and Saint John's University (CSBSJU) are two closely related private, Benedictine liberal arts colleges in Minnesota. The College of Saint Benedict is a college for women in St. Joseph and Saint John's University is a university for men in Collegeville. Students at the institutions have a shared curriculum and access to the resources of both campuses. Together, the College of Saint Benedict and Saint John's University offer over 70 areas of study to undergraduate students, plus graduate programs in nursing and theology.
Sonia Gordon Brown
Sonia Gordon Brown (Russian: Соня Гордон Браун; January 11, 1890–c. 1965) was a Russian-American sculptor.

Sonia Gordon Brown, née Sonia F. Rosental,  was born in Moscow, Russia on January 11, 1890. She studied in Russia, with Nikolay Andreyev and Valentin Serov, and later in Paris, with Antoine Bourdelle. She later moved to New York.
Brown served as president of the New York Society of Women Artists in 1927.

Her work is included in the permanent collection of the Whitney Museum of Modern Art and the Provincetown Art Association and Museum.

Antoine Bourdelle
Antoine Bourdelle (French pronunciation: [ɑ̃twan buʁdɛl]; 30 October 1861 – 1 October 1929), born Émile Antoine Bordelles, was a French sculptor and teacher. He was a student of Auguste Rodin, a teacher of Giacometti and Henri Matisse, and an important figure in the Art Deco movement and the transition from the Beaux-Arts style to modern sculpture.

His studio became the Musée Bourdelle, an art museum dedicated to his work, located at 18, rue Antoine Bourdelle, in the 15th arrondissement of Paris, France.
Clarence Duren
Clarence Edward Duren (born December 9, 1950) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive back for five seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the California Golden Bears. He played in the NFL for the St. Louis Cardinals from 1973 to 1976 and for the San Diego Chargers in 1977.

St. Louis Cardinals (NFL)
From 1960 to 1987, the professional American football team now known as the Arizona Cardinals played in St. Louis, Missouri, as the St. Louis Cardinals.

The team moved from Chicago to St. Louis in 1960, and played their first home game there on October 2 at Busch Stadium against the New York Giants. Their last home game in St. Louis, played at Busch Memorial Stadium on December 13, 1987, was also against the Giants. Their last game as a St. Louis–based club was on December 27, 1987, at the Dallas Cowboys.

During the Cardinals' 28 years in St. Louis, they advanced to the playoffs just four times (1964, 1974, 1975, and 1982), and never hosted a playoff game. Their only postseason win came in the 1964 Playoff Bowl.

Their winning percentage of .481 during their time in St. Louis—187 victories, 202 losses, and 13 ties—is better than those in the other two cities the Cardinals have called home.

The team moved to Tempe, Arizona, in 1988.
The Frozen Limits
The Frozen Limits is a 1939 British comedy western film directed by Marcel Varnel and starring Jimmy Nervo, Bud Flanagan, Teddy Knox, Chesney Allen and Charlie Naughton a group of entertainers commonly known as The Crazy Gang. It was written by Val Guest.

Produced by Gainsborough Pictures it was shot at Islington Studios in London. The film's sets were designed by the art director Alex Vetchinsky.

Islington Studios
Islington Studios, often known as Gainsborough Studios, were British film studios located on the south bank of the Regent's Canal, in Poole Street, Hoxton in the former Metropolitan Borough of Shoreditch, London between 1919 and 1949. The studios are closely associated with Gainsborough Pictures which was based there for most of the studios' history. During its existence Islington Studios worked closely with its sister Lime Grove Studios in Shepherd's Bush and many films were made partly at one studio and partly at the other. Amongst the films made at the studios were Alfred Hitchcock thrillers, Will Hay comedies and Gainsborough melodramas.
Peel Sessions 1979–1983
Peel Sessions 1979–1983 is a compilation album by the English electronic band Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark (OMD), released in 2000. The songs were recorded between 1979 and 1983 for the BBC Radio 1 show presented by John Peel. "Electricity" is added as a bonus track and is the original version that was featured on their debut single on Factory Records (FAC6). "Bunker Soldiers" was recorded for the first and fourth sessions; the version from the fourth session was not originally released on this album. A special vinyl edition released for Record Store Day in 2025 included the missing version of Bunker Soldiers, omitting "Electricity".

Factory Records
Factory Records was a Manchester-based British independent record label founded in 1978 by Tony Wilson and Alan Erasmus.

The label featured several important acts on its roster, including Joy Division, New Order, A Certain Ratio, the Durutti Column, Happy Mondays, Northside, and (briefly) Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark (OMD) and James. Factory also ran The Haçienda nightclub, in partnership with New Order.

Factory Records used a creative team (most notably record producer Martin Hannett and graphic designer Peter Saville) which gave the label and the artists recording for it a particular sound and image. The label employed a unique cataloguing system that gave a number not just to its musical releases, but also to various other related miscellany, including artwork, films, living beings, and even Wilson's own coffin.
Multiplicative group
In mathematics and group theory, the term multiplicative group refers to one of the following concepts:

the group under multiplication of the invertible elements of a field, ring, or other structure for which one of its operations is referred to as multiplication. In the case of a field F, the group is (F ∖ {0}, •), where 0 refers to the zero element of F and the binary operation • is the field multiplication,

the algebraic torus GL(1).

Algebraic torus
In mathematics, an algebraic torus, where a one dimensional torus is typically denoted by , , or , is a type of commutative affine algebraic group commonly found in projective algebraic geometry and toric geometry. Higher dimensional algebraic tori can be modelled as a product of algebraic groups . These groups were named by analogy with the theory of tori in Lie group theory (see Cartan subgroup). For example, over the complex numbers  the algebraic torus  is isomorphic to the group scheme , which is the scheme theoretic analogue of the Lie group . In fact, any -action on a complex vector space can be pulled back to a -action from the inclusion  as real manifolds.

Tori are of fundamental importance in the theory of algebraic groups and Lie groups and in the study of the geometric objects associated to them such as symmetric spaces and buildings.
Witte Huis
The Witte Huis (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌʋɪtə ˈɦœys]) or White House is a building and National Heritage Site in Rotterdam, Netherlands, built in 1898 in the Art Nouveau style.  The building is 43 m (141 ft) tall, with 10 floors. It was the first hoogbouw (literally: high-rise building) in Europe. The building is listed as a Rijksmonument.

National heritage site
A national heritage site is a heritage site having a value that has been registered by a governmental agency as being of national importance to the cultural heritage or history of that country. Usually such sites are listed in a heritage register that is open to the public, and many are advertised by national visitor bureaus as tourist attractions.

Usually such a heritage register list is split by type of feature (natural wonder, ruin, engineering marvel, etc.). In many cases a country may maintain more than one register; there are also registers for entities that span more than one country.
1920 Wimbledon Championships
The 1920 Wimbledon Championships took place on the outdoor grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London, United Kingdom. The tournament ran from 21 June until 3 July. It was the 40th staging of the Wimbledon Championships, and the second Grand Slam tennis event of 1920.

Dorothea Lambert Chambers
Dorothea Lambert Chambers (née Dorothea Katherine Douglass; 3 September 1878 – 7 January 1960) was a British tennis player. She won seven Wimbledon women's singles titles and a gold medal at the 1908 Summer Olympics.
Fairfield Materials Management Ltd
Fairfield Materials Management Ltd is a Manchester-based  social enterprise that operates a community waste management project at Manchester’s New Smithfield Market focused on minimising waste, and bringing social and environmental benefits to Greater Manchester.

By utilising 'in-vessel composting', Fairfield Materials Management established the UK’s first sustainable biodegradable waste management system to operate on a wholesale market, diverted 16,500 tonnes of organic market waste material away from landfill between 2003 and 2008.

Fairfield has developed a composting production model that processes fruit, vegetable, plant and woody waste into peat-free, British Standards Institution PAS 100 accredited compost. It operates on a site fully licensed by the Environment Agency.

In 2003 Fairfield was recognised as the most innovative social enterprise within its sector by The Composting Association.

Environment Agency
The Environment Agency (EA) is a non-departmental public body, established in 1996 and sponsored by the United Kingdom government's Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, with responsibilities relating to the protection and enhancement of the environment in England (and until 2013 also Wales).

Based in Bristol, the Environment Agency is responsible for flood management, waste management, regulating land and water pollution, and conservation.
Gladys English
Gladys Ann English (d. December 5, 1956) was an American librarian and editor known for her work as Head Librarian of the Children's Department at the Los Angeles Central Library and roles as Coordinator of Children's Services and Director of Work with Children for the Los Angeles Public Library system. In 1939, English served as chairperson of the Newbery Medal Selection Committee, and sat as a member of the committee for 1936 and 1945. In October 1942, she became the first-ever editor of Top of the News, an eight-page news quarterly serving the ALA Division of Libraries for Children and Young People (DLCYP).

Los Angeles Public Library
The Los Angeles Public Library (LAPL) is a public library system in Los Angeles, California, operating separate from the Los Angeles County Public Library system. The system holds more than six million volumes, and with around 19 million residents in the Greater Los Angeles area, it serves the largest metropolitan population of any public library system in the United States. The system is overseen by a Board of Library Commissioners with five members appointed by the mayor of Los Angeles in staggered terms, and operates 72 library branches throughout the city. In 1997 a local historian described it as "one of the biggest and best-regarded library systems in the nation."