hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Aksaray University
Aksaray University (Turkish: Aksaray Üniversitesi) is a public higher educational institution established on March 17, 2006, in Aksaray, Central Anatolia in Turkey. Formerly it was a subunit of the Niğde University.

The university has seven faculties, two institutes, two colleges and five vocational colleges. Its campus is located on the highway to Adana.

The university is a member of the Caucasus University Association.

Adana
Adana is a large city in southern Turkey. The city is situated on the Seyhan River, 35 km (22 mi) inland from the northeastern shores of the Mediterranean Sea. It is the administrative seat of the Adana province, and has a population of 1,816,750 (Seyhan, Yuregir, Cukurova, Saricam).

Adana lies in the heart of Cilicia, a region of around 6 million people. The region was particularly important in the classical world due to its location by a pass in the Taurus Mountains (both for military campaigns and trade routes), and its wealth in metal and agricultural assets, including the large fertile plain of Çukurova.

Adana remains a centre for regional trade, and public and private services. Agriculture, healthcare and logistics are important parts of the economy. The city is connected to Tarsus and Mersin by TCDD train. The closest public airport is Çukurova International Airport.
Wincenty Potocki
Wincenty Potocki was a Polish general, statesman and magnate. He was the royal court chamberlain from 1773 to 1794 and a lieutenant general from 1773. He was awarded the Order of Saint Stanislaus and the Order of the White Eagle He was married to Urszula Zamoyska and then later to Hélène Massalska.

Order of the White Eagle (Poland)
The Order of the White Eagle (Polish: Order Orła Białego) is the highest honour of the Republic of Poland and formerly the Second Polish Republic and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and one of the oldest state decorations in the world still in use. It was officially instituted on 1 November 1705 by Augustus II the Strong, King of Poland and Elector of Saxony, and bestowed on eight of his closest diplomatic and political supporters. It has since been awarded to the most distinguished Poles for their merits and occasionally to the heads of state of foreign countries.

The Order of the White Eagle is attached to an azure sash slung over the left shoulder to the right side. The star of the Order, formerly embroidered, is worn on the left side of the chest. Unlike other Polish high decorations, the Order of the White Eagle does not have different classes or crosses.
Broadcast lens
Broadcast lens in television industry are lenses used for broadcasting in television studio or on the location/field. The main manufacturers of broadcast lenses are Canon and Fujifilm's Fujinon brand. Broadcast lenses can be box-shaped, which are heavier and for use in limited range or classically shaped, lighter and for portable use.

Canon Inc.
Canon Inc. (Japanese: キヤノン株式会社; Hepburn: Kyanon kabushiki gaisha) is a Japanese multinational corporation headquartered in Ōta, Tokyo, specializing in optical, imaging, and industrial products, such as lenses, cameras, police equipment , scanners, printers, and semiconductor manufacturing equipment.

Canon has a primary listing on the Tokyo Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the TOPIX Core 30 and Nikkei 225 indexes. It used to have a secondary listing on the New York Stock Exchange.
Ammoor
Ammoor is a town panchayat in Ranipet district and it is part of Vellore metropolitan area in the state of Tamil Nadu, India.

Ammoor railway station named as 'Walaja Road Railway Station', was opened by the British Government around 1856 C.E.

And the place Kalathu Medu is famous during any occasions of the town.

Vellore district
Vellore district (Tamil: [ʋeːluːɾ]) is one of the 38 districts in the Tamil Nadu state of India. It is one of the eleven districts that form the north region of Tamil Nadu. Vellore city is the headquarters of this district. As of 2011, the district had a population of 1,614,242  with a sex ratio of 1,007 females for every 1,000 males. In 2017 Vellore district ranked eleventh in list of districts in Tamil Nadu by Human Development Index.

The Government of India recently included Vellore city in its prestigious smart city project, along with 26 other cities.
Strawberry Reservoir
Strawberry Reservoir is a large reservoir in the U.S. state of Utah, located on the Strawberry River. It is Utah's most popular fishery, receiving over 1.5 million angling hours annually and is part of the Blue Ribbon Fisheries program. Game fish in the reservoir include sterilized rainbow trout, bear lake cutthroat trout, kokanee salmon and crayfish. It is located 23 miles (37 km) southeast of Heber, Utah on U.S. Route 40.
The reservoir is situated in Strawberry Valley.  This valley is normally part of the Colorado River drainage.  The dam was constructed to divert water into Utah Valley.

Strawberry Reservoir was the 2006 recipient of the American Fisheries Society's outstanding sport fish development/restoration Project of the Year award.

Utah chub
The Utah chub (Gila atraria) is a freshwater fish of the  family Leuciscidae native to the western United States, where it is abundant in the upper Snake River basin and the Bonneville basin. The species name atraria references the  latin word ater, which means black. The name is likely a reference to the dark coloration of the fins and body.
Ectopic testis
Ectopic testis is used to describe the testis leaving the inguinal canal and entering a site other than the scrotum (ectopia). Usually, it results from obstruction of the scrotal entrance or from overdevelopment and lengthening of a segment of the gubernaculum.

The positions of the ectopic testis may be: in the lower part of the abdomen, front of the thigh, femoral canal, skin of the penis, or behind the scrotum. The testis is usually developed, and accompanied by an indirect inguinal hernia. It may be divorced from the epididymis which may lie in the scrotum.

Gubernaculum
The paired gubernacula (from Ancient Greek κυβερνάω = pilot, steer), also called the caudal genital ligament, are embryonic structures which begin as undifferentiated mesenchyme attaching to the caudal end of the gonads (testicles in males and ovaries in females).
Moscow City Duma District 13
Moscow City Duma District 13 is one of 45 constituencies in Moscow City Duma. Currently the district covers inner parts of North-Eastern Moscow.

The district has been represented since 2024 by United Russia deputy Aleksandr Sapronov, a park director and former Severnoye Medvedkovo District head, who succeeded Yabloko faction leader and one-term incumbent Maksim Kruglov after Kruglov failed to qualify for re-election by collecting signatures.

South-Western Administrative Okrug
South-Western Administrative Okrug (Ю́го-За́падный администрати́вный о́круг, Yugo-Zapadny administrativny okrug), or Yugo-Zapadny Administrative Okrug, is one of the twelve high-level territorial divisions (administrative okrugs) of the federal city of Moscow, Russia. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 1,362,751, up from 1,179,211 recorded during the 2002 Census.
WRAK
WRAK can refer to:

WRAK (AM), a radio station (1400 AM) licensed to Williamsport, Pennsylvania, United States

WRAK-FM, a radio station (97.3 FM) licensed to Bainbridge, Georgia, United States, part of the Tallahassee, Florida market

WGEX
WGEX (97.3 FM, "Power 97.3") is a Top 40 (CHR) formatted radio station licensed to Bainbridge, Georgia and serving the Albany, Georgia, Tallahassee, Florida and Dothan, Alabama markets. The station is owned by iHeartMedia. Its studios are on Westover Boulevard in Albany, and the transmitter is located east of Colquitt, Georgia.
Ghargad
Ghargad Fort  / Gadgada Fort ( Marathi: घरगड किल्ला ) is a fort located 145 km from Mumbai, in Nashik district, of Maharashtra. This fort is less visited fort in Nashik district. This fort is quite difficult to climb.

Nashik district
Nashik district, formerly known as Nasik district, is a district in Maharashtra, India. The city of Nashik is the administrative headquarters of the district. Nashik is well known for the production of wine. Nashik is also known as Mini Maharashtra, because the climate and soil conditions of Surgana, Peth, Igatpuri resembles with Konkan. Niphad, Sinnar, Dindori, Baglan blocks are like Western Maharashtra and Yeola, Nandgaon, Chandwad blocks are like Vidarbha Region. Nashik is the biggest city in the district while Malegaon is the second biggest city. Manmad, Igatpuri, and Sinnar are some of the big cities situated in the Nashik District. Manmad is one of the biggest railway junctions in India while the city of Malegaon is famous for its powerloom.
Matthew Jay Lewis
Matthew Jay Lewis a British actor who trained at The Central School of Speech and Drama. He has worked extensively in both commercials and TV. His TV work includes his role as Matt Ellis in five's one time flagship soap Family Affairs.

Prior to this he appeared in EastEnders from 1997 till 1998 as Simon Raymond's boyfriend, Chris.

He is also known for the role of Louise Summers' husband Sean Kennedy in Channel 4's popular soap opera Hollyoaks. Matthew Jay Lewis made a brief return to Hollyoaks in March 2007 which saw Sean killed off by rival Warren Fox.

In addition to acting Matthew is the Artistic Director of Big Space Theatre Productions; a theatre company who focus on doing large-scale, sight-specific theatre shows in various venues. Their most recent production was Macbeth in  Shoreditch Church, the church where  Shakespeare worshipped and where the original actor to play  Macbeth is buried

Royal Central School of Speech and Drama
The Royal Central School of Speech and Drama, commonly shortened to Central, is a drama school founded by Elsie Fogerty in 1906, as the Central School of Speech Training and Dramatic Art, to offer a new form of training in speech and drama for young actors and other students. It became a constituent college of the University of London in 2005 and is a member of Conservatoires UK and the Federation of Drama Schools.
Temple of Hera, Agrigento
The so-called Temple of "Hera" (or Roman Juno), otherwise known as Temple D, is a Greek temple in the Valle dei Templi, a section of the ancient city of Agrigentum (ancient Greek Akragas, modern Agrigento) in Sicily.

Its attribution to Hera derives from a misinterpretation of a passage by the Roman writer Pliny the Elder, which actually refers to the temple of Hera on the Lacinio promontory near Crotone, Calabria.

It was built about the year 450 BC and in period and in style belongs to the Archaic Doric period. Signs of a fire which followed the Siege of Akragas and the Carthaginian sack of the city of 406 BC have been detected.

The temple was restored in the era of the Roman province of Sicily, with the original terracotta roof being replaced by one of marble, with a more steeply inclined slope on the eastern side.

Crotone
Crotone (/kroʊˈtoʊneɪ, krəˈ-/; Italian: [kroˈtoːne] ⓘ; Crotonese: Cutrone or Cutruni) is a city and comune in Calabria, Italy.

Founded c. 710 BC as the Achaean colony of Croton/Kroton (Ancient Greek: Κρότων or Ϙρότων; Latin: Crotona), it became a great Greek city, home of the renowned mathematician-philosopher Pythagoras amongst other famous citizens, and one of the most important centres of Magna Graecia.

It was known as Cotrone from the Middle Ages until 1928, when its name was changed to the current one. In 1992, it became the capital of the newly established Province of Crotone.
Seychelles national beach soccer team
The Seychelles national beach soccer team represents Seychelles in beach soccer. It is controlled by the Seychelles football association. Seychelles have taken part in the Africa Beach Soccer Cup of Nations once in 2015. Ten years later, they currently participating in the FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup for the very first time in 2025 where they made their debut as host.

Beach soccer
Beach soccer, also known as beach football, sand football or sand soccer, is a variant of association football played on a beach or some form of sand between two teams of five players each.

Association football has long been played informally on beaches. Beach soccer was introduced in 1992 as an effort to codify rules for the game by the founders of Beach Soccer Worldwide, a company set up to develop the sport and responsible for the majority of its tournaments. FIFA has held the Beach Soccer World Cup biennially since 2005.

The first international matches were played in 1993 for men and 2009 for women. As of July 2023, there are 193 men's and 64 women's clubs and 101 men's and 23 women's national teams sorted in the Beach Soccer Worldwide Rankings.
Coal-tax post
Coal-tax posts are boundary marker posts found in southern England. They were erected in the 1860s and form an irregular loop between 12 and 18 miles from London to mark the points where taxes on coal were due to the Corporation of London. There were originally around 280 posts of which around 210 remain.

Gravesend
Gravesend /ˌɡreɪvzˈɛnd/ is a town in northwest Kent, England, situated 21 miles (35 km) east-southeast of Charing Cross (central London) on the south bank of the River Thames, opposite Tilbury in Essex. Located in the Diocese of Rochester, it is the administrative centre of the borough of Gravesham. Gravesend marks the eastern limit of the Greater London Built-up Area, as defined by the UK Office for National Statistics. It had a population of 58,102 in 2021.

Its geographical situation has given Gravesend strategic importance throughout the maritime and communications history of South East England. A Thames Gateway commuter town, it retains strong links with the River Thames, not least through the Port of London Authority Pilot Station, and has witnessed rejuvenation since the advent of High Speed 1 rail services via Gravesend railway station. The station was recently refurbished and has a new bridge.
Jean Thorailler
Jean Raymond Henri Thorailler (7 January 1888 – 26 January 1957) was a French male water polo player. He was a member of the France men's national water polo team. He competed with the team at the 1912 Summer Olympics and 1920 Summer Olympics. Thorailler was given the honour to carry the national flag of France during the opening ceremony of the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam, becoming the fourth water polo player to be a flag bearer at the opening and closing ceremonies of the Olympics.

Standard-bearer
A standard-bearer, also known as a colour-bearer or flag-bearer, is a person who bears an emblem known as a standard or military colours, i.e. either a type of flag or an inflexible but mobile image, which is used (and often honoured) as a formal, visual symbol of a state, prince, military unit, etc. This can either be an occasional duty, often seen as an honour (especially on parade), or a permanent charge (also on the battlefield); the second type has even led in certain cases to this task being reflected in official rank titles such as Chorąży, Ensign, Cornet, Fähnrich and Alferes/Alférez.
Deufringen
Deufringen is a village in the German district of Böblingen in the state of Baden-Württemberg. It is located in the Heckengäu area between the Black Forest and Stuttgart. The distance to the larger cities Böblingen, Sindelfingen and Calw is around twelve kilometres. Other towns of importance in the surroundings are Herrenberg (eleven kilometres away) and Weil der Stadt (ten kilometres away).

Weil der Stadt
Weil der Stadt (German pronunciation: [ˈvaɪl deːɐ̯ ˈʃtat]) is a town of about 19,000 inhabitants in the Stuttgart Region of the German state of Baden-Württemberg. It is about 30 km (19 mi) west of Stuttgart city centre, in the valley of the River Würm, and is often called the "Gate to the Black Forest".
Kenneth Menkhaus
Kenneth Menkhaus is a political scientist who is a professor at Davidson College in North Carolina, where he has taught since 1991. Menkhaus's publications include the book Somalia: State Collapse and the Threat of Terrorism (2004) and the article "Governance without Government in Somalia" in the journal International Security (2007). He is a specialist on Somalia and the Horn of Africa. Menkhaus was a Fulbright Scholar during his PhD research on Somalia. He subsequently taught for two years at the American University in Cairo, between 1989 and 1991, and between 1993 and 1994 was a special political advisor for the UN Operation in Somalia. He was visiting civilian professor at the US Army Peacekeeping Institute in 1994–95, and visiting scholar at the US Army Strategic Studies Institute in 2011–12.

Strategic Studies Institute
The Strategic Studies Institute (SSI) is the U.S. Army's institute for strategic and national security research and analysis. It is part of the U.S. Army War College. SSI conducts strategic research and analysis to support the U.S. Army War College curricula, provides direct analysis for Army and Department of Defense leadership, and serves as a bridge to the wider strategic community. It is located at Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania.
Růžena
Růžena is a Czech feminine given name, meaning Rose. Notable people with the given name include:

Ruzena Bajcsy (born 1933), American engineer and computer scientist

Ruzena Herlinger (1890–1978), Czech-Canadian soprano, voice teacher

Růžena Jesenská (1863–1940), Czech teacher, poet and writer

Růžena Košťálová (1924–2024), Czechoslovak sprint canoeist

Růžena Maturová (1869–1938), Czech operatic soprano

Růžena Novotná (born 1941), Czechoslovak slalom canoeist

Růžena Svobodová (1868–1920), Czech writer

Růžena Nasková (1884–1960), Czech actress

Růžena Vacková (1901–1982), Czech historian and theoretician

Růžena Šlemrová (1886–1962), Czech actress

Růžena Jesenská
Růžena Jesenská (17 June 1863 – 14 July 1940) was a Czech decadent writer. She was a follower of Julius Zeyer. She was a member of the Czech Academy of Sciences (elected 1929), and was aunt of writer Milena Jesenská. Jesenská wrote novels, plays, short stories, children's books, and over 50 collections of poetry. Although few works by Czech women writers have been translated into English, writers, such as Jesenská, were widely published and read.
Verna Gillis
Verna Gillis (born 1942) is an American freelance record producer, who has gained recognition for her work promoting and producing music from various cultural backgrounds. Gillis holds a Ph.D. in ethnomusicology. She was an assistant professor at Brooklyn College from 1974 to 1980 and at Carnegie Mellon University from 1988 to 1990.

Gillis has been the subject of a number of press articles, with The New York Times describing her as "the closest thing world music has to a doyenne".

Ethnomusicology
Ethnomusicology is the multidisciplinary study of music in its cultural context. The discipline investigates social, cognitive, biological, comparative, and other dimensions. Ethnomusicologists study music as a reflection of culture and investigate the act of music-making through various immersive, observational, and analytical approaches. This discipline emerged from comparative musicology, initially focusing on non-Western music, but later expanded to embrace the study of all different music.

The practice of ethnomusicology relies on direct engagement and performance, as well as academic work. Fieldwork takes place among those who make the music, engaging local languages and culture as well as music. Ethnomusicologists can become participant observers, learning to perform the music they are studying. Fieldworkers also collect recordings and contextual data.
Wilcannia Athenaeum
The Wilcannia Athenaeum is a heritage listed, rusticated sandstone building in the town of Wilcannia, New South Wales. Built in 1883 and located at 37 Reid St, the Athenaeum was established to be an institution for community education, a school of arts and included a public library. It has served a number of functions including as a social centre, a library, a newspaper office, a municipal council meeting place, the Wilcannia Telecentre and is now a museum.

Mechanics' institutes of Australia
Mechanics' institutes were a Victorian-era institution set up primarily to provide adult education, particularly in technical subjects, to working-class men, which spread to the corners of the English-speaking world, including the Australian colonies, where they were set up in virtually every colony. In some places, notably throughout the colonies of Queensland and New South Wales, they were often known as schools of arts.

Most institutes incorporated a library, and many of the old institutes evolved into public lending libraries, while others were converted for other uses or demolished to make way for modern buildings. This article includes a list of many past mechanics' institutes / schools of arts.
Cottonseed
Cottonseed is the seed of the cotton plant, formed inside the cotton boll. Cottonseed is the source of cottonseed oil and cottonseed meal. Cottonseed, like the rest of the cotton plant, contains high amounts of gossypol that can be toxic to humans. Cottonseed has been historically used as an ersatz protein-rich food in cotton-producing regions, but the modern biofortification of cotton cultivars with tolerable gossypol levels has particular relevance to impoverished cotton producers.

Biofortification
Biofortification is the practice of breeding crops to increase their nutritional value. This can be done either through conventional selective breeding, or through genetic engineering.

Biofortification differs from ordinary fortification because it focuses on making plant foods more nutritious as the plants are growing, rather than having nutrients added to the foods when they are being processed. This is an important improvement on ordinary fortification when it comes to providing nutrients for the rural poor, who rarely have access to commercially fortified foods.

Biofortification is seen as an upcoming strategy for dealing with deficiencies of micronutrients in low and middle-income countries. In the case of iron deficiency, the WHO estimated that biofortification could help cure the 2 billion people with anemia.
Townsend E. Gidley
Townsend E. Gidley (July 20, 1805 – October 8, 1888) was an American politician who served eight terms in the Michigan Legislature and was instrumental in the drafting of the state's first constitution.

Michigan Legislature
The Michigan Legislature is the legislature of the U.S. state of Michigan. It is organized as a bicameral body composed of the Senate (the upper chamber) and the House of Representatives (the lower chamber). Article IV of the Michigan Constitution, adopted in 1963, defines the role of the Legislature and how it is to be constituted. The chief purposes of the Legislature are to enact new laws and amend or repeal existing laws. The Legislature meets in the Capitol building in Lansing.

The 103rd Michigan Legislature was sworn in on January 11, 2025.
Mad Men season 5
The fifth season of the American television drama series Mad Men premiered on March 25, 2012, with a two-episode premiere, and concluded on June 10, 2012. It consisted of thirteen episodes, each running approximately 48 minutes in length. AMC broadcast the fifth season on Sundays at 10:00 pm in the United States. The fifth season was released on DVD and Blu-ray in region 1 on October 16, 2012.

Season 5 takes place between Memorial Day (May 30) 1966 and spring 1967. The season explores Don Draper's new marriage to Megan, which leads him to ignore his work at the Sterling Cooper Draper Pryce advertising agency. Meanwhile, Lane, Pete, Roger, Joan, and Peggy learn that it is "every man for himself" in their personal and professional lives, as they each face painful new beginnings. As with previous seasons, the fifth season of Mad Men was lauded by critics and was the second most acclaimed series of 2012 based on year-end lists published by prominent television critics.

Phil Abraham
Phil Abraham is an American cinematographer and television director. He has received nominations for eight Primetime Emmy Award nominations winning in 2008. He is known for his work on the HBO crime drama series The Sopranos and the AMC period drama series Mad Men.