hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Transoral incisionless fundoplication
Transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF) is an endoscope treatment designed to relieve symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The TIF procedure, similar to Nissen fundoplication, alleviates GERD symptoms by wrapping a portion of the stomach around the esophagus.

The TIF procedure, unlike laparoscopic fundoplication, does not require surgical incisions. Instead a surgical device (called the EsophyX) is inserted into the mouth, passed through the throat, and into the stomach. An endoscope is utilized to perform the procedure.

A minority of individuals who undergo the TIF procedure also require a hiatal hernia repair operation. The procedure is performed while the person is under general anesthesia and is typically an outpatient procedure.

Nissen fundoplication
A Nissen fundoplication, or laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication when performed via laparoscopic surgery, is a surgical procedure to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and hiatal hernia. In GERD, it is usually performed when medical therapy has failed; but, with a Type II (paraesophageal) hiatus hernia, it is the first-line procedure. The Nissen fundoplication is total (360°), but partial fundoplications known as Thal (270° anterior), Belsey (270° anterior transthoracic), Dor (anterior 180–200°), Lind (300° posterior), and Toupet fundoplications (posterior 270°) are alternative procedures with somewhat different indications and outcomes.
Enemmy
Enemmy is a 2013 Indian bilingual neo-Western buddy cop action thriller film written and directed by Ashu Trikha. Simultaneously shot in Bengali and Hindi-languages, the title of the film is intentionally misspelt using the 6 main characters initials. The film stars an ensemble cast of Mithun Chakraborty, Sunil Shetty, Mahakshay Chakraborty, Kay Kay Menon, Johnny Lever, Zakir Hussain and Yuvika Chaudhary and Deepraj Rana.

Buddy cop
Buddy cop is a film and television genre with plots involving two people of very different and conflicting personalities who are forced to work together to solve a crime or defeat criminals, often learning from each other in the process. The two are normally either police officers (cops) or secret agents, but some films or TV series that are not about two officers may still be referred to as buddy cop films/TV series. It is a subgenre of buddy films and crime fiction. They can be either comedies or action-thrillers.
Big-eared kangaroo rat
The big-eared or elephant-eared kangaroo rat (Dipodomys elephantinus) is a kangaroo rat that lives in chaparral. It is named for and distinguished by its comparatively large ears. It is now considered a subspecies of the narrow-faced kangaroo rat,  It is endemic to California in the Gabilan Range region of San Benito and Monterey counties.: 2

Gabilan Range
The Gabilan Range or Gabilán Range (Spanish for "sparrow hawk") is a mountain range in the inner California Coast Ranges System, located in Monterey County and San Benito County of central California.  Pinnacles National Park is located in the southern section of the range.
Gould Stradivarius
The Gould Stradivarius of 1693 is a violin made by the Italian luthier Antonio Stradivari of Cremona (1644-1737). This violin is a product of Stradivari's long-pattern and has been modified into a baroque violin configuration by luthier Frederick J. Lindeman located in Amsterdam, Netherlands. It is in a collection at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in America, New York City.

Antonio Stradivari
Antonio Stradivari (/ˌstrædɪˈvɑːri/, also US: /-ˈvɛəri/, Italian: [anˈtɔːnjo stradiˈvaːri]; c. 1644 – 18 December 1737) was an Italian luthier and a craftsman of string instruments such as violins, cellos, guitars, violas and harps. The Latinized form of his surname, Stradivarius, as well as the colloquial Strad are terms often used to refer to his instruments. It is estimated that Stradivari produced 1,116 instruments, of which 960 were violins. Around 650 instruments survive, including 450 to 512 violins. His instruments are considered some of the finest ever made, and are extremely valuable collector's items.
Homovanillic acid
Homovanillic acid (HVA) is a major catecholamine metabolite that is produced by a consecutive action of monoamine oxidase and catechol-O-methyltransferase on dopamine. Homovanillic acid is used as a reagent to detect oxidative enzymes, and is associated with dopamine levels in the brain.

In psychiatry and neuroscience, brain and cerebrospinal fluid levels of HVA are measured as a marker of metabolic stress caused by 2-deoxy-D-glucose.  HVA presence supports a diagnosis of neuroblastoma and malignant pheochromocytoma.

Fasting plasma levels of HVA are known to be higher in females than in males. This does not seem to be influenced by adult hormonal changes, as the pattern is retained in the elderly and post-menopausal as well as transgender people according to their genetic sex, both before and during cross-sex hormone administration.  Differences in HVA have also been correlated to tobacco usage, with smokers showing significantly lower amounts of plasma HVA.

Monoamine oxidase
Monoamine oxidases (MAO) (EC 1.4.3.4) are a family of enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of monoamines, employing oxygen to clip off their amine group. They are found bound to the outer membrane of mitochondria in most cell types of the body. The first such enzyme was discovered in 1928 by Mary Bernheim in the liver and was named tyramine oxidase. The MAOs belong to the protein family of flavin-containing amine oxidoreductases.

MAOs are important in the breakdown of monoamines ingested in food, and also serve to inactivate  monoamine neurotransmitters. Because of the latter, they are involved in a number of psychiatric and neurological diseases, some of which can be treated with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) which block the action of MAOs.
2022 Croatian Football Super Cup
The 2022 Croatian Football Super Cup was the thirteenth edition of the Croatian Football Super Cup, a football match contested by the winners of the Croatian First League and Croatian Football Cup. The match was played on 9 July 2022 at Stadion Maksimir in Zagreb between the 2021–22 Croatian First League winners Dinamo Zagreb and the 2021–22 Croatian Football Cup winners Hajduk Split.

Croatian Football League
The Hrvatska nogometna liga (pronounced [xř̩ʋaːtskaː nôɡomeːtnaː lǐːɡa]; lit. 'Croatian Football League'), abbreviated as HNL and also known for sponsorship reasons as the SuperSport HNL, is a professional association football league in Croatia and the highest level of the Croatian football league system. Established in 1992, it was previously called Prva Hrvatska nogometna liga (1. HNL; lit. 'First Croatian Football League'), but a league structure reorganization from 2022–23 led to name changes for the three top league levels.
Twello train accident
The Twello train accident was a railway accident on 22 December 1900 at 21:00 in front of the Twello railway station, Twello, in the Netherlands. The express train from Amsterdam (Sneltrein 238; pulled by an NS 1600) collided head-to-head with a regional train (Stoptrein 927; pulled by an NS 1600) from Almelo to Apeldoorn. Normally these trains pass each other at Bathmen, but due to a delay of the express train, the crossing was changed to Twello. The crash happened because the person who takes care of the railroad switch failed to set a switch, allowing two trains on the same track. The express train then collided with the stationary regional train. Two men from Deventer died. Five passengers were seriously injured and two conductors sustained minor injuries. Two station officials were sentenced in January 1901 to six weeks' imprisonment.

Bathmen
Bathmen is a village and former municipality in the east of the Netherlands. The municipality was merged with her larger neighbour of Deventer on 1 January 2005 as part of a national effort to reduce bureaucracy in the country. Its main population centres were Apenhuizen, Bathmen, Dortherhoek, Loo, Pieriksmars and Zuidloo.

It was first mentioned in 1284 as Batmen. The etymology is unclear. In 1840, it was home to 1,507 people. In 1997, Deventer tried to annex Bathmen, but failed.
Yelena Yefimova
Yelena Ivanovna Yefimova (born 1948 in Russia) is a Russian artist and sculptor and a member of the National Association of Art crafts and Guild masters (armourers division). She has participated in six specialized weapons exhibitions and more than twenty other national and international exhibitions. Her works are in private and museum collections, including the collection of the State Historical and Cultural Museum-Reserve at the Moscow Kremlin.

She graduated in 1968 from Abramtsevo Artistic-Industrial College, Vasnetsova, in the department of art of carving on bone. From 1968 to 1974, she worked at the "Northern Souvenirs" Chukchi at workshop in the village Uelen. From 1976 to 1987 she was chief artist at the Research Institute of the Art Industry in the scientific laboratory of bones, skin, and fur. She has 35 years of experience in the fields of jewelry and decorative arts. She is a member of the National Club of the Hortaya borzaya breed of borzoi dogs.

Abramtsevo
Abramtsevo (Russian: Абрамцево) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Abramtsevo (selo), Dmitrovsky District, Moscow Oblast, a selo in Sinkovskoye Rural Settlement of Dmitrovsky District in Moscow Oblast; 56°24′N 37°14′E﻿ / ﻿56.400°N 37.233°E﻿ / 56.400; 37.233

Abramtsevo (village), Dmitrovsky District, Moscow Oblast, a village in Sinkovskoye Rural Settlement of Dmitrovsky District in Moscow Oblast; 56°25′N 37°11′E﻿ / ﻿56.417°N 37.183°E﻿ / 56.417; 37.183

Abramtsevo, Sergiyevo-Posadsky District, Moscow Oblast, a selo under the administrative jurisdiction of the Town of Khotkovo in Sergiyevo-Posadsky District of Moscow Oblast; 56°14′N 37°59′E﻿ / ﻿56.233°N 37.983°E﻿ / 56.233; 37.983

Abramtsevo, Vologda Oblast, a village in Spassky Selsoviet of Vologodsky District in Vologda Oblast
Kaeson Youth Park
The Kaeson Youth Park (Korean: 개선청년공원) is an amusement park located in Pyongyang, North Korea. The park,  located near the Kim Il Sung Stadium and in the west foot of Moran Hill was opened in 1984, the park was opened as part of the Triumphal Arch dedication. It included a carousel, fun house and amusement park rides like the Ferris wheel, comprising an area of 40 hectares (99 acres).

In April 2010 the park was renovated, after which it was visited by Kim Jong Il. It was reported that riding all 10 amusements in the park costs 1,600 won.

A flying roller coaster, imported from Italy, opened in 2010. As of 2013, the rides on offer also included bumper cars, teacups, a swing ride and a double shot-like vertical drop.

Bumper cars
Bumper cars or dodgems are the generic names for a type of flat amusement ride consisting of multiple small electrically powered cars which draw power from the floor or ceiling, and which are turned on and off remotely by an operator. They are also known as bumping cars, dodging cars and dashing cars. The first patent for them was filed in 1921.
1947 Albi Grand Prix
The 9th Grand Prix de l'Albigeois was a Formula One motor race held on 13 July 1947 at Les Planques circuit in Albi in the Tarn department of France. The winner of the 40 lap race was Louis Rosier in a Talbot-Lago T150SS. Second was Raymond Sommer in a Simca Gordini Type 11 and Charles Pozzi was third in a Delahaye 135. Maserati drivers Henri Louveau and Luigi Villoresi set pole and fastest lap respectively, but both retired.

Luigi Villoresi
Luigi "Gigi" Villoresi (16 May 1909 – 24 August 1997) was an Italian racing driver, who competed in Formula One from 1950 to 1956.

Villoresi contested 34 Formula One Grands Prix across seven seasons for Italian teams Ferrari, Maserati, Lancia, and Centro Sud. He achieved eight podiums and one fastest lap, finishing fifth in the 1951 and 1953 World Drivers' Championships with Ferrari.
Kurt Adler
Kurt Adler (March 1, 1907 – September 21, 1977) was an Austrian and American conductor, chorusmaster, author and pianist. He was best known as the chorus master and lead conductor of the Metropolitan Opera in New York City from 1943 to 1973.  He conducted orchestras in Europe, North America, Canada and Mexico.

Jindřichův Hradec
Jindřichův Hradec (Czech pronunciation: [ˈjɪndr̝ɪxuːf ˈɦradɛts] ⓘ; German: Neuhaus) is a town in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 21,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation.
Grindal Island
Grindal Island (also referred to as Garden Island) is a 90-hectare (220-acre) island of the Taylor Islands group, located between the Jussieu Peninsula and Thistle Island near the mouth of Spencer Gulf, South Australia. It was purchased by G. Dorwald in 1895. It has been used for the grazing of sheep. According to Captain R.R. Tapley of the Martindale, in the 1890s the island was home to hundreds of Cape Barren geese. "Buggy wheel tracks" were also visible, which he learnt were actually rat pads. In 1936 he reflected on his experiences 40 years prior, stating: "The rats suddenly disappeared, and have not been seen since. They used to run over everything and everybody at night".

Cape Barren goose
The Cape Barren goose (Cereopsis novaehollandiae), sometimes also known as the pig goose, is a species of goose endemic to southern Australia. It is a distinctive large, grey bird that is mostly terrestrial and is not closely related to other extant members of the subfamily Anserinae.
Värmlandsnytt
Värmlandsnytt is a Swedish regional news programme, serving the historic province of Värmland in the west of mid Sweden, broadcast on Sveriges Television (SVT).

The programme is broadcast from studios located in Karlstad.

Värmland
Värmland (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈvæ̌rmland] ⓘ) is a landskap (historical province) in west-central Sweden. It borders Västergötland, Dalsland, Dalarna, Västmanland, and Närke, and is bounded by Norway in the west.
Durban, Gers
Durban (French pronunciation: [dyʁbɑ̃]) (Durban in Gascon) is a commune in the Gers department in southwestern France in the Occitanie Region. Historically and culturally, the town is in the country of Astarac, a territory in the very hilly south of Gers, with clay soil, which runs along the Plateau de Lannemezan.

Exposed to an altered oceanic climate, it is drained by the Sousson, the Cédon and various other small rivers. The town has a remarkable natural heritage made up of three natural areas of ecological, faunal and floristic interest.

Durban is a rural commune with 138 inhabitants en 2019, after experiencing a population peak of 531 inhabitants in 1831. It is located near Auch. Its inhabitants are called Durbannais or Durbannaises.

Gers
Gers (French pronunciation: [ʒɛʁ(s)]; Occitan: Gers or Gerç, [dʒɛɾs]) is a department in the region of Occitania, Southwestern France. Gers is bordered by the departments of Hautes-Pyrénées and Pyrénées-Atlantiques to the south, Haute-Garonne and Tarn-et-Garonne to the east, Lot-et-Garonne to the north and Landes to the west. Named after the Gers River, its inhabitants are called the Gersois and Gersoises in French. In 2019, it had a population of 191,377.
Jan Vincents Johannessen
Jan Vincents Johannessen (born 25 May 1941) is a Norwegian physician, cancer researcher, hospital director, painter, text writer and composer.

He was born in Kristiansand. He is known for his research on cancer, and has published books on diagnostics by the use of electron microscopy. He has served as manager of the Norwegian Radium Hospital. He was decorated Commander of the Order of St. Olav in 1994. He is a fellow of the Norwegian Academy of Technological Sciences.

Order of St. Olav
The Royal Norwegian Order of Saint Olav (Norwegian: Den Kongelige Norske Sankt Olavs Orden; or Sanct Olafs Orden, the old Norwegian name) is a Norwegian order of chivalry instituted by King Oscar I on 21 August 1847. It is named after King Olav II, known to posterity as St. Olav.

Just before the union with Sweden was dissolved in 1905, the Order of the Norwegian Lion was instituted in 1904 by King Oscar II, but no appointments were awarded by his successor, King Haakon VII. The Order of St. Olav thus became the kingdom's only order of chivalry for the next 80 years. The Grand Master of the order is the reigning monarch of Norway. It is used to reward individuals for remarkable accomplishments on behalf of the country and humanity. Since 1985, appointments to the order have only been conferred upon Norwegian citizens, though foreign heads of state and royalty may be appointed as a matter of courtesy.
Mustilia fusca
Mustilia fusca is a species of moth in the family Endromidae first described by Yasunori Kishida in 1993. It is found in Taiwan.

The larvae feed on the leaves of Trochodendron aralioides. They reach a length of 45 mm when full grown.

Trochodendron aralioides
Trochodendron aralioides, sometimes colloquially called wheel tree, is a flowering plant and the sole living species in the genus Trochodendron, which also includes several extinct species. It was also often considered the sole species in the family Trochodendraceae, though botanists now include the distinct genus Tetracentron in the same family. T. aralioides is native to Japan, southern Korea and Taiwan. Growing in lower temperate montane mixed forests in Japan, and broad-leaved evergreen forest in the central mountain ranges and Northern parts of Taiwan.
2000 Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe
The 2000 Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe was a horse race held at Longchamp on Sunday 1 October 2000. It was the 79th running of the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe.

The winner was Sinndar, a three-year-old colt trained in Ireland by John Oxx. The winning jockey was Johnny Murtagh.

John Oxx
John M. Oxx (born 14 July 1950) is a retired Irish trainer of thoroughbred racehorses. By the end of the 2009 season Oxx had trained 35 Group One winners over his career, including the winners of 11 Classic races. He is best known as the trainer of Sinndar and Sea The Stars.

Oxx has been widely praised for the care and undemonstrative authority with which he approaches the training and racing of his horses.
 He is particularly known for being highly selective when choosing when and where his horses will run.
Anisometric verse
Anisometric verse, known also as heterometric stanza, is a type of poetry where the stanza is made up of lines having unequal metrical length. The number of syllables within the individual lines do not correspond, nor do the number of feet. In poetry, a foot is a group of syllables patterned according to their weight, stress, or accent relative to each other.

Traditionally, poetry uses isometric stanza, each line having the same number of syllables and the same number of feet. Before the 20th century, anisometric verse was rarely seen. Two exceptions are William Wordsworth's Ode: Intimations of Immortality, and Afanasy Fet's Flights Beyond Fancy or Fantasy.

The term anisometry is used often by Professor Emily Klenin in her published analysis of Fet's works: The Poetics of Afanasy Fet.

Accent (sociolinguistics)
In sociolinguistics, an accent is a way of pronouncing a language that is distinctive to a country, area, social class, or individual. An accent may be identified with the locality in which its speakers reside (a regional or geographical accent), the socioeconomic status of its speakers, their ethnicity (an ethnolect), their caste or social class (a social accent), or influence from their first language (a foreign accent).

Accents typically differ in quality of voice, pronunciation and distinction of vowels and consonants, stress, and prosody. Although grammar, semantics, vocabulary, and other language characteristics often vary concurrently with accent, the word "accent" may refer specifically to the differences in pronunciation, whereas the word "dialect" encompasses the broader set of linguistic differences. "Accent" is often a subset of "dialect".
Henry Weathers High School
Henry Weathers High School was a high school in Sharkey County, Mississippi, United States, near Rolling Fork. It admitted students from both Sharkey and Issaquena counties.

Principal O. E. Jordan disallowed students from wearing Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) pins in 1965; the students had received them from the Mississippi Student Union. Jordan avoided challenging white domination of politics even though he had sought to improve the education of African-Americans. Students responded by launching a boycott against the school.

In 1977 the school had 399 students. That year another boycott occurred, with only three students attending classes.

Issaquena County, Mississippi
Issaquena County (/ˌɪsəˈkwiːnə/, ISS-ə-KWEEN-ə) is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 Census, its population was 1,338, making it the least populous county in the United States east of the Mississippi River. Its county seat is Mayersville. With a per-capita income of $24,489, Issaquena County is, by that measure, the third-poorest county in the United States.

Issaquena County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. The Mississippi River flows along the entire western boundary of the county, and many of the earliest communities were river ports.

The county's economy is chiefly based on agriculture and a prison, the Issaquena County Correctional Facility. Hunting also contributes to the economy; Mississippi's two most recent records for the heaviest alligator taken by a hunter have both been in Issaquena County, the latest in 2012 when a 697.5 lb (316.4 kg) alligator was killed at a camp near Fitler.
McKenzie Lake (Timiskaming District)
McKenzie Lake (French: lac McKenzie) is a lake in geographic Speight Township in the Unorganized West Part of Timiskaming District in Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is part of the Saint Lawrence River drainage basin, and is about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southwest of the community of Kenabeek.

The lake has two unnamed inflows: one at the south, arriving from Harebell Lake, and one at the west. The primary outflow is an unnamed creek at the north which flows via Spray Creek, Spring Creek, the Montreal River and the Ottawa River to the Saint Lawrence River.

Township (Canada)
The term township, in Canada, is generally a district or area associated with a town or other locality. The specific use of the term to describe political subdivisions has varied across the country, usually to describe a local rural or semirural government.

In Eastern Canada, a township is one form of the subdivision of a county. In Quebec, the term is canton in French.
Jai Prakash Aggarwal
Jai Prakash Aggarwal (born 11 November 1944) is a politician from the Indian National Congress and a former member of the Parliament of India who has represented North East Delhi and Chandni Chowk in the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Indian Parliament, and Delhi in the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Indian Parliament.

His brother Atam Prakash Aggarwal is the Manager of Ramjas School Pusa Road located in Karol Bagh, Delhi.

In the 2009 Indian general election, he defeated the Bharatiya Janata Party candidate by a margin of over 200,000 votes. In the 2014 Indian general election, he lost to Bhartiya Janta Party candidate Manoj Tiwari by a margin of about 380,000 votes.

In 2024 Indian general elections, he lost to Praveen Khandelwal from Chandni Chowk seat by a margin of 80,000 seats.

Chandni Chowk Lok Sabha constituency
Chandni Chowk Lok Sabha constituency is one of the seven Lok Sabha (parliamentary)  constituencies in the Indian National Capital Territory of Delhi. This constituency came into existence in 1956. It is the smallest constituency of Lok Sabha in terms of area.