hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tredustan Castle
Tredustan Castle (also known as Tredustan motte) was a castle that used to stand in Tredustan in Wales (near to Talgarth). The mound was most likely constructed around 1094/1095 by a knight of Lord Bernard de Neufmarché called Sir Humphrey Sollers after the Battle of Brecon which was a Norman victory of the Welsh of Brycheiniog. The main use of the castle was to protect against Welsh raids and to control the populace. The castle no longer exists, and all that is left is the motte that the bailey (which was most definitely wooden) stood upon.

Bailey (castle)
A bailey or ward in a fortification is a leveled courtyard, typically enclosed by a curtain wall. In particular, a medieval type of European castle is known as a motte-and-bailey. Castles and fortifications may have more than one bailey, and the enclosure wall building material may have been at first in wood, and later transitioned to stone. Their layout depends both on the local topography and the level of fortification technology employed, ranging from simple enclosures to elaborate concentric defences. In addition to the gradual evolution of more complex fortification plans, there are also significant differences in regional traditions of military architecture regarding subdivisions into baileys.
Roller Coaster (Toni Braxton and Babyface song)
"Roller Coaster" is a song by American recording artists Toni Braxton and Babyface. It was written by Babyface, Daryl Simmons, and Antonio Dixon for their collaborative studio album Love, Marriage & Divorce (2014), while production was helmed by former. The song was released on May 24, 2014 as the album's third and final single. "Roller Coaster" peaked at number 17 on the US Adult R&B Songs and was ranked 48th on the chart's year-end listing. Braxton and Babyface performed on their joint Toni Braxton & Babyface African Tour in 2015.

Love, Marriage & Divorce
Love, Marriage & Divorce is a collaborative studio album by American singers Toni Braxton and Babyface, released on February 4, 2014, by Motown Records. The album debuted at number four on the Billboard 200 and as of July 2, 2014 the album had sold 211,000 copies in the U.S. The album won Best R&B Album at the 57th Annual Grammy Awards. The album also poses as the eighth studio album by both artists, following Braxton's seventh studio album, Pulse (2010), and Babyface's seventh studio album, Playlist (2007).
Wadi Barada offensive (2016–2017)
The Wadi Barada offensive (2016–2017) was a military operation against rebel-held villages in the Barada River valley by the Syrian Army and allied forces, including pro-government militias and Lebanese Hezbollah between December 2016 and January 2017. The Barada River valley includes the village of Ain al-Fijah which holds a water spring that provides drinking water to towns throughout the Rif Dimashq Governorate. During the offensive, a Government airstrike temporarily destroyed the spring, in what the United Nations has called a "war crime".

Basimah
Basimah (Arabic: بسيمة) is a village in southern Syria, administratively part of the Rif Dimashq Governorate, located northwest of Damascus in the Wadi Barada. Nearby localities include Ain al-Fijah, Deir Qanun, al-Dimas, Jdeidat al-Wadi, Deir Muqaran and Kfeir al-Zayt. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Basimah had a population of 2,812 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.
1980 King Cup
The 1980 King Cup was the 22nd season of the knockout competition since its establishment in 1956. Al-Ahli were the defending champions but were eliminated by Ohod in the Round of 32. Al-Hilal defeated city rivals Al-Shabab to win their 3rd title and first since 1964.

King's Cup (Saudi Arabia)
The King's Cup, officially titled The Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques' Cup, is the Saudi Arabian football knockout cup competition.

The King's Cup is the second-oldest knockout competition in Saudi Arabian football, following the now-defunct Crown Prince Cup.
Anderlecht Gate
The Anderlecht Gate (French: Porte d'Anderlecht; Dutch: Anderlechtsepoort) was one of the medieval city gates of the second walls of Brussels, Belgium. Built in the 14th century and popularly known as Ter Cruyskene, it was one of the major entry points on the city's south-western side to Anderlecht. The gatehouse was repurposed as a prison and finally demolished in 1784 during the construction of the Small Ring (Brussels' inner ring road). Two pavilion-like buildings were built on the site to collect the octroi in 1836. Although redundant since 1860, these pavilions survive and one currently houses Brussels' Sewers Museum.

Anderlecht Gate remains a toponym denoting the site of the former gate on the edge of the City of Brussels and the Cureghem/Kuregem district in Anderlecht. This area is served by Brussels-South railway station, as well as the tram stop Porte d'Anderlecht/Anderlechtsepoort, to which it gives its name.

Trams in Brussels
The Brussels tramway network is a tram system serving a large part of the Brussels-Capital Region of Belgium. It is the 16th largest tram system in the world by route length, in 2017 providing 149.1 million journeys (up 9.5% on 2016) over routes 140.6 km (87.4 mi) in length. In 2018, it consisted of 18 tram lines (eight of which—lines 4, 7, 10, 25, 32, 51, 55 and 82—qualified as premetro lines, and five of which—lines 4, 7, 8, 9 and 10—qualified as "Chrono" or "Fast" lines). Brussels trams are operated by STIB/MIVB, the local public transport company.

The network's development has faced issues including the inconsistent route pattern resulting from the closure of the interurban trams, the conflict between low-floor surface trams and high-floor underground trams, and whether the trams run on the right or the left.
Michael James Scott
Michael James Scott (born May 24, 1981) is an American actor and singer, known for his work on the Broadway stage. He is best known for playing the Genie in Disney's Aladdin musical in the Original Australian Cast, as well as in the West End, U.S. National Tour, and Broadway productions.

The Muny
The St. Louis Municipal Opera Theatre (commonly known as The Muny) is an amphitheater located in St. Louis, Missouri. The theatre seats 11,000 people with about 1,500 free seats in the last nine rows that are available on a first-come, first-served basis.

The Muny season runs every year from mid-June to mid-August. It is run by a nonprofit organization. The current president and chief executive is Kwofe Coleman. The current artistic director and executive producer is Mike Isaacson.
Sundara Kanda
Sundara Kanda (Sanskrit: सुन्दरकाण्ड, romanized: Sundara Kāṇḍa, lit. 'beautiful chapter') is the fifth book in the Hindu epic Ramayana. The original Sundara Kanda is in Sanskrit, and was composed in popular tradition by Valmiki, who was the first to scripturally record the Ramayana. Sundara Kanda is the only chapter of the Ramayana in which the principal protagonist is not Rama, but Hanuman. The work depicts the adventures of Hanuman and his selflessness, strength, and devotion to Rama are emphasised in the text. Hanuman is believed to have been fondly called "Sundara" by his mother Anjani, and Sage Valmiki is stated to have chosen this name over others as the Sundara Kanda is about Hanuman's journey to Lanka.

Añjanā
Anjana (Sanskrit: अञ्जना, romanized: Añjanā), also known as Anjani and Anjali, is the mother of Hanuman, one of the protagonists of the Hindu epic the Ramayana. She is said to have been a resident of Kishkindha in the text.
Beach Music (album)
Beach Music is the sixth studio album by American musician Alex G, released on October 9, 2015, through Domino Recording Company, his first album under the label. The album's title is a reference to the 1995 novel of the same name by Pat Conroy.

Beach Music (novel)
Beach Music is Pat Conroy's novel about Jack McCall, a South Carolina native who flees the South with his daughter Leah after his wife commits suicide. This novel explores the Vietnam War-era, the Holocaust, and coming of age in the 20th century. It was published in 1995.
Campbellton, Missouri
Campbellton is an unincorporated community in northern Franklin County, in the U.S. state of Missouri. The community lies on Missouri Route 185 between Lyon to the southwest and Dundee to the northeast. Campbellton School is approximately 1.5 miles northeast on Route 185. Boeuf Creek drains the area to the north and the small stream, Slaughter Branch, flows past the village to the south.

Boeuf Creek
Boeuf Creek is a stream in Franklin and Gasconade counties in the U.S. state of Missouri. Boeuf Creek is a tributary to the Missouri River. Alternate names include Buffalo Creek, Beef Creek, Boeuse Creek, Riviere au Boeuf and variations.

The stream headwaters are in Gasconade County at 38°25′19″N 91°26′34″W﻿ / ﻿38.42194°N 91.44278°W﻿ / 38.42194; -91.44278 and the confluence with the Missouri is in Franklin County at 38°36′00″N 91°08′55″W﻿ / ﻿38.60000°N 91.14861°W﻿ / 38.60000; -91.14861.

Boeuf Creek was named for the buffalo cows in the area, "boeuf" being a word derived from the French meaning "cattle".
Bashir Gwandu
Bashir Gwandu is a Nigerian engineer, technologist, and the former Executive Vice Chairman (EVC) of the National Agency for Science and Engineering Infrastructure (NASENI). Gwandu assumed office as the EVC of NASENI in May 2023, after being appointed to the position by former President Muhammadu Buhari.

National Agency for Science and Engineering Infrastructure
The National Agency for Science and Engineering Infrastructure (NASENI) was established in 1992 by The Nigerian Federal Government of the recommendations of the White Paper Committee on the 1991 Report of a 150-member National Committee on Engineering Infrastructure comprising scientists, engineers, administrators, federal and state civil servants, economists, lawyers, bankers and industrialists.

Khalil Halilu is the executive vice chairman and chief executive of the agency in Abuja, Nigeria. The post was formerly held by Bashir Gwandu.
Democratic Republic of the Congo–Uruguay relations
Democratic Republic of the Congo–Uruguay relations are the bilateral relations between the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uruguay. Uruguay has been significantly involved in peacekeeping efforts in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Guy Kabombo Muadiamvita
Guy Kabombo Muadiamvitaet Mireille Malengele Kuzoma (born 14 May 1964) is a Congolese politician who serves as the incumbent Deputy Prime Minister of Defense, since 12 June 2024. He served as the director general of the Official Journal of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, prior to his current position.
Jvari Pass Travertine Natural Monument
Jvari Pass Travertine Natural Monument (Georgian: ჯვრის უღელტეხილის ტრავერტინი) is calcareous sinter or tufa in  Baidara River valley on the left bank of the road tunnel of the Kobi-Gudauri motorway at 2197 meters above the sea level in Kazbegi Municipality, Georgia.

This limestone was formed when carbonate minerals precipitate out of ambient temperature water. Travertine in some places is covered with a thin layer of transparent water on the white surface of the slopes where the intensive development process is still ongoing.
It is part of Kazbegi Protected Areas along with Kazbegi National Park and five Natural Monuments:

Sakhizari Cliff,

Abano Mineral Lake,

Truso Travertine,

Jvari Pass Travertine,

Keterisi Mineral Vaucluse.

Kazbegi National Park
Kazbegi National Park (Georgian: ყაზბეგის ეროვნული პარკი) is in Kazbegi Municipality in the Mtskheta-Mtianeti region of north-eastern Georgia.

Kazbegi National Park is a popular tourist destination despite the lack of basic tourism infrastructure.

Historical monuments worth a visit are the fourteenth-century Sameba temple, the tenth-century Garbanikerk, the Sioni basilica, the Akhaltsikhe basilica and the seventeenth-century Sno Castle.  In the area one finds a mix of Christian and pagan customs.
All Those Yesterdays
"All Those Yesterdays", song by Pearl Jam from Yield (album)

"All Those Yesterdays", (Justin Tubb) from The Importance of Being Ernest

"All Those Yesterdays", (Hanson, Heeney, Masters) from Jennifer Hanson (album)

Jennifer Hanson (album)
Jennifer Hanson is the debut studio album by American country music artist Jennifer Hanson. Released in 2003 on Capitol Records Nashville, it produced three singles for Hanson on the Billboard Hot Country Songs charts: "Beautiful Goodbye" at #16, " This Far Gone" at #42, and "Half a Heart Tattoo" at #40. The album itself reached #20 on the Top Country Albums charts.

"It Isn't Just Raining" was originally recorded by Pam Tillis on her 2001 album Thunder and Roses.
Linear predictor function
In statistics and in machine learning, a linear predictor function is a linear function (linear combination) of a set of coefficients and explanatory variables (independent variables), whose value is used to predict the outcome of a dependent variable.  This sort of function usually comes in linear regression, where the coefficients are called regression coefficients. However, they also occur in various types of linear classifiers (e.g. logistic regression, perceptrons, support vector machines, and linear discriminant analysis), as well as in various other models, such as principal component analysis and factor analysis.  In many of these models, the coefficients are referred to as "weights".

Linear combination
In mathematics, a linear combination or superposition is an expression constructed from a set of terms by multiplying each term by a constant and adding the results (e.g. a linear combination of x and y would be any expression of the form ax + by, where a and b are constants). The concept of linear combinations is central to linear algebra and related fields of mathematics. Most of this article deals with linear combinations in the context of a vector space over a field, with some generalizations given at the end of the article.
Nate Thayer
Nathaniel Talbott Thayer (April 21, 1960 – c. January 3, 2023) was an American freelance journalist whose work focused on international organized crime, narcotics trafficking, human rights, and areas of military conflict.

He is most notable for having interviewed Pol Pot, in his capacity as Cambodia correspondent for the Far Eastern Economic Review. He also wrote for Jane's Defence Weekly, Soldier of Fortune, the Associated Press, and more than 40 other publications, including The Cambodia Daily and The Phnom Penh Post.

On January 3, 2023, Thayer was found dead at home in Falmouth, Massachusetts. His health had been declining for about a decade. According to Thayer's brother, the exact timing of his death was not clear.

Falmouth, Massachusetts
Falmouth (/ˈfælməθ/ FAL-məth) is a town on Cape Cod in Massachusetts. The population was 32,517 at the 2020 census, making Falmouth the second-largest municipality on Cape Cod after Barnstable. The terminal for the Steamship Authority ferries to Martha's Vineyard is located in the village of Woods Hole in Falmouth. Woods Hole also contains several scientific organizations such as the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), the Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL), the Woodwell Climate Research Center, NOAA's Woods Hole Science Aquarium, and the scientific institutions' various museums.

For geographic and demographic information on specific parts of the town of Falmouth, please see the articles on East Falmouth, Falmouth Village, North Falmouth, Teaticket, West Falmouth, and Woods Hole. Falmouth also encompasses the villages of Hatchville and Waquoit, which are not census-designated places and fall within the village of East Falmouth based on postal service.
John Fawkner College
John Fawkner College (formerly Fawkner Secondary College) is a government-funded co-educational secondary day school, located in Fawkner, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. As of 2009 the school had approximately 400 students from Year 7 to Year 12.

Year 7
Year 7 is an educational year group in schools in many countries including England, Wales, Australia and New Zealand. It is the seventh full year (or eighth in Australia and England) of compulsory education and is roughly equivalent to grade 6 in the United States and Canada (or to grade 7 for the Australian Year 7). Children in this year are between 11 and 12.
1906 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
The 1906 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship was the 17th staging of the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Tipperary County Board in 1887.

Two-Mile Borris were the defending champions.

Thurles won the championship after a 4–11 to 3–06 defeat of Lahorna de Wets in the final. It was their third championship title overall and their first title since 1904.

Thurles Sarsfields GAA
Thurles Sarsfields is a Tipperary GAA club which is located in County Tipperary, Ireland. Both hurling and Gaelic football are played in the "Mid-Tipperary" divisional competitions. The club is centred in the town of Thurles at Semple Stadium. The club was founded in 1881 and is the most honoured club in the county, with 36 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship titles. Thurles Sarsfields are affiliated with the town's juvenile club Dúrlas Óg.
Torquemada (play)
Torquemada is an 1882 play by Victor Hugo about Tomás de Torquemada and the Inquisition in Spain. It criticized religious fanaticism and fanatical catholicism. It was first published in 1882, as a protest against antisemitic pogroms in Russia at the time.

Religious fanaticism
Religious fanaticism or religious extremism is a pejorative designation used to indicate uncritical zeal or obsessive enthusiasm that is related to one's own, or one's group's, devotion to a religion – a form of human fanaticism that could otherwise be expressed in one's other involvements and participation, including employment, role, and partisan affinities. In psychiatry, the term hyperreligiosity is used. Historically, the term was applied in Christian antiquity to denigrate non-Christian religions, and subsequently acquired its current usage with the Age of Enlightenment.
Olga Doménech
Olga Doménech Morales (21 September 1988 Sabadell, Barcelona) is a Spanish water polo player, who plays for CN Sabadell.

She participated in the 2006 Women's European Water Polo Championship, 2009 Women's Water Polo World Championship, 2013 Women's LEN Super Cup, 2014 Women's LEN Super Cup, 2015–16 LEN Euro League Women, and 2016 Women's LEN Super Cup.

2016 Women's LEN Super Cup
The 2016 Women's LEN Super Cup was the 11th edition of the Women's LEN Super Cup an annual water polo match organized by the LEN and contested by the reigning champions of the two main European club competitions.

The match was played between the Euro League Champion (CN Sabadell) and the LEN Trophy Champion (CN Mataró) at the CN Barcelona swimming pool in Barcelona on November 6, 2016.
La Grange Church and Cemetery
The La Grange Church and Cemetery is a historic Carpenter Gothic church and cemetery in Titusville, Florida, United States. It is located at 1575 Old Dixie Highway. On December 7, 1995, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.

Florida State Road 405
State Road 405 (SR 405) is a state highway making a sweeping arc in Titusville, Florida, and, via the nearby NASA Parkway, providing a major access route for the Kennedy Space Center on nearby Merritt Island.  The northern terminus of SR 405 is an intersection with North Washington Avenue (U.S. 1) in downtown Titusville; the eastern terminus is at a cloverleaf interchange with U.S. 1 near the American Police Hall of Fame & Museum. It is locally known as South Street and Columbia Boulevard.
Tomás González (writer)
Tomás González (born 1950 in Medellín) is a Colombian writer. He studied philosophy at the National University of Colombia. He is best known for his debut novel In the Beginning Was the Sea (1983) which was translated into English by Frank Wynne and published by Pushkin Press. The translation was shortlisted for the Independent Foreign Fiction Prize. In 2025, he won the Manuel Rojas Ibero-American Narrative Award.

González lived in the United States for twenty years before returning to his native Colombia in 2002.

He is the nephew of the writer Fernando Gonzalez.

Independent Foreign Fiction Prize
The Independent Foreign Fiction Prize (1990–2015) was a British literary award. It was inaugurated by British newspaper The Independent to honour contemporary fiction in translation in the United Kingdom. The award was first launched in 1990 and ran for five years before falling into abeyance. It was revived in 2001 with the financial support of Arts Council England. Beginning in 2011 the administration of the prize was taken over by BookTrust, but retaining the "Independent" in the name. In 2015, the award was disbanded in a "reconfiguration" in which it was merged with the Man Booker International Prize.

Entries (fiction or short stories) were published in English translation in the UK in the year preceding the award by a living author. The prize acknowledged both the winning novelist and translator, each being awarded £5,000 and a magnum of champagne from drinks sponsor Champagne Taittinger.
Abdelhamid Temmar
Abdelhamid Temmar (born October 24, 1938) is an Algerian politician. He was former minister of Investment in the government of Abdelaziz Belkhadem. Since June 2008, he has been Minister of Industry and Investment Promotion under the government of Prime Minister Ahmed Ouyahia.

Ahmed Ouyahia
Ahmed Ouyahia (Arabic: أحمد أويحيى, romanized: Aḥmad ʾŪyaḥyā; 2 July 1952) is an Algerian politician who was prime minister of Algeria four times (1995–98, 2004–2006, 2008–2012, 2017–2019). A career diplomat, he also served as Minister of Justice, and he was one of the founders of the Democratic National Rally (RND) as well as the party's secretary-general. He is considered by Western observers to be close to the military of Algeria and a member of the "eradicator" faction in the 1990s civil war against Islamist militants. Ouyahia resigned as prime minister in March 2019 following President Bouteflika's announcement that he would not seek reelection, and Ouyahia was arrested in June 2019 for crimes related to corruption. He was later convicted and is currently serving 19 years in jail.
Arthur Taylor (cricketer)
Arthur Taylor (1880 – 13 November 1956) was an English cricketer.  Taylor was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-fast.  He was born at Maltby, Yorkshire.

Despite being born in Yorkshire, it was for Warwickshire that Taylor made his first-class debut for against Sussex at the Bulls Head Ground, Coventry, in the 1913 County Championship.  He made five further first-class appearances for the county in that season, the last of which came against Leicestershire at Ashby Road, Hinckley. In his six first-class matches, he scored 83 runs at an average of 9.22, with a high score of 17. With the ball, he took 4 wickets at a bowling average of 34.25, with best figures of 2/10.

Outside of playing, Taylor was also an umpire.  He stood in one first-class match between Warwickshire and Worcestershire in 1919. He died at Birmingham, Warwickshire, on 13 November 1956.

Ashby Road
The Ashby Road ground is a cricket ground in the town of Hinckley, Leicestershire, England. It operated as a first-class venue between 1911 and 1937.

Ashby Road has been used by Leicestershire as an out-ground, and held 19 games. The first game took place in 1911 against Warwickshire and the last in 1937 against Worcestershire.
Indian Lake (Massachusetts)
Indian Lake, previously known as North Pond, is a lake located in northern Worcester, Massachusetts.  The mean and maximum depths are 8 and 15 feet (2.4 and 4.6 m) respectively. The bottom is sand and rock. The shoreline is heavily developed with three public parks, including two public beaches and a public boat launch, residential dwellings and commercial buildings.

Average
In mathematics, average means arithmetic mean (aka expected value), though occasionally it is instead used to mean other central values such as median, mode, geometric mean, or harmonic mean.  Outside of mathematics, it can mean common, typical, or normal.