hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
HMS Minstrel
Five ships of the Royal Navy have been named HMS Minstrel after the medieval European entertainer Minstrel:

HMS Minstrel (1807) launched in 1807 and sold in 1817

HMS Minstrel (1865) a Britomart-class gunboat launched in 1865

HMS Minstrel (1911) an Acorn-class destroyer launched in 1911

HMS Minstrel (J445) an Algerine-class minesweeper launched in 1944, she was sold to Thailand in 1947 and renamed Phosampton. Preserved as a museum ship

HMS Minstrel (1962) a M-class minelayer launched as M.I in 1939, renamed Miner I in 1942 and Minstrel in 1962. She was sold in 1967

Algerine-class minesweeper
The Algerine-class minesweeper was a large group of minesweepers built for the Royal Navy (RN) and the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) during the Second World War. 110 ships of the class were launched between 1942 and 1944.
Nino Sutidze
Nino Sutidze (Georgian: ნინო სუთიძე, born 27 March 1992) is a Georgian women's footballer who plays as a defender. She played in the Turkish Women's First Football League for Ataşehir Belediyespor. She is a member of the Georgia women's national football team since 2011.

Georgia women's national football team
The Georgia women's national football team represents Georgia in international football. Georgia took part in the world cup qualification group 7 for the 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup, but withdrew after two matches, against Yugoslavia (0–11) and Turkey (0–1). After this, Georgia did not take part in qualification until the European Championships in 2009. Then, Georgia were placed in a group with Turkey, Northern Ireland and Croatia. Georgia finished last, with no points.

Georgia won their first match on 11 May 2009, winning 3–1 against Macedonia, and also scoring their first goal in a competitive game that year, in a 1–3 defeat to Scotland in the qualification for the 2011 World Cup. However, they also set a new negative record that year; the qualification opened with a 0–15 defeat to Denmark. In the subsequent qualifiers for the 2013 European Championship and 2015 World Cup the team couldn't make it past the preliminary round, ranking third of four teams in both occasions.
North Hoosick, New York
North Hoosick is a hamlet in Rensselaer County, New York, United States. The community is located along the Walloomsac River at the intersection of New York State Route 22 and New York State Route 67, 1.9 miles (3.1 km) north of Hoosick Falls. North Hoosick has a post office with ZIP code 12133.

Hoosick Falls, New York
Hoosick Falls is a village in Rensselaer County, New York, United States. The population was 3,501 at the 2010 census. During its peak,  in 1900, the village had a population of approximately 7,000.

The village of Hoosick Falls is near the center of the town of Hoosick on NY 22. The village center, listed on the National Register of Historic Places as Hoosick Falls Historic District, has a thriving early-20th century downtown commercial district, and many of the buildings have been restored. Recent commercial additions include a bakery/sandwich shop, a French restaurant, a coffee roastery, an art gallery and bistro, and a barbecue joint with a live music venue.

Painter Grandma Moses is buried in the village. The site of the British entrenchments at the Battle of Bennington, August 6, 1777, is nearby and is maintained as Bennington Battlefield State Historic Site.
Flag of the Colony of Aden
The Flag of the Colony of Aden was used as the official flag for the British Colony of Aden  from 1937 until 18 January, 1963. When it was renamed as the State of Aden, subsequently, the Flag of the State of Aden under the Federation of South Arabia, was used. However, there is evidence that the flag was used after 1963, in Perim and the Kuria Muria islands.

It was a navy blue flag with the Union Jack in the top left corner, which featured a badge similar to colonial Zanzibar, with a two-masted Arab dhow sailing on turquoise waters. It was designed by George Kruger Gray, of the Royal Mint.

Khuriya Muriya Islands
The Khuriya Muriya Islands or Al-Hallaniyat Islands (also Kuria Muria, Kooria Mooria, Curia Muria, Al-Hallaniyat ) (Arabic: جزر الحلانيات; transliterated:  Juzur al-Ḥallāniyāt ) are a group of five islands in the Arabian Sea, 40 km (25 mi) off the southeastern coast of Oman. The islands form part of the province of Shalim and the Hallaniyat Islands in the governorate of Dhofar.
Mead Valley, California
Mead Valley is a census-designated place in Riverside County, California. Mead Valley sits at an elevation of 1,663 feet (507 m). The 2020 United States census reported Mead Valley's population was 19,819.

Mead Valley is located in a valley of the same name in the northeastern Temescal Mountains, south of the city of Riverside and west of the city of Perris. It is drained by the north fork of Cajalco Creek.

Temescal Mountains
The Temescal Mountains, also known as the Sierra Temescal (Spanish for "sweat lodge range"), are one of the northernmost mountain ranges of the Peninsular Ranges in western Riverside County, in Southern California in the United States. They extend for approximately 25 mi (40 km) southeast of the Santa Ana River east of the Elsinore Fault Zone to the Temecula Basin and form the western edge of the Perris Block.

The Santa Ana Mountains lie to the west, the Elsinore Mountains to the south and the Perris Valley and Lakeview Mountains to the east.
Ramadhani Nkunzingoma
Ramadhani Nkunzingoma (born 2 September 1977) is a Rwandan footballer. He played in 22 matches for the Rwanda national football team from 2002 to 2007. He was also named in Rwanda's squad for the 2004 African Cup of Nations tournament.

Rwanda national football team
The Rwanda national football team represents Rwanda in international football and is controlled by the Rwandese Association Football Federation, the governing body of football in Rwanda, and competes as a member of the Confederation of African Football (CAF), as well as the Council for East and Central Africa Football Associations (CECAFA), a CAF sub-confederation that governs football in East and Central Africa. The team bears the nickname Amavubi (Kinyarwanda for The Wasps), and primarily plays its home games at the Stade Amahoro in Kigali, the nation's capital. They have never qualified for a World Cup finals, and reached their only Africa Cup of Nations in 2004.
Strike Back: Retribution
Strike Back: Retribution is a ten-part British action television series, and serves as the sixth series and second revamp of Strike Back, with a new cast including Daniel MacPherson, Warren Brown, Roxanne McKee and Alin Sumarwata. The series premiered on 31 October 2017 on Sky One in the United Kingdom and 2 February 2018 on Cinemax in the United States.

The series focuses on Section 20, a clandestine multinational Special Forces team. Section 20 has been re-formed after the events of Legacy and placed under new leadership. The team is tasked with locating notorious terrorist Omar Idrisi and his British wife, Jane Lowry, before they can seemingly start a terrorist attack against the West.

Sullivan Stapleton
Sullivan Stapleton (born 14 June 1977) is an Australian actor who is best known for his roles in the television series The Secret Life of Us, Strike Back and Animal Kingdom.  He also starred in the NBC crime drama Blindspot.

Stapleton played the lead role, Greek leader Themistocles, in the film 300: Rise of an Empire (2014). In 2013, he was honoured with a Breakthrough Award at an exclusive Australians in Film Benefit Dinner held in Los Angeles.
Ursula, the Girl from the Finnish Forests
Ursula, the Girl from the Finnish Forests (Swedish: Ursula - Flickan i Finnskogarna) is a 1953 Swedish drama film directed by Ivar Johansson and starring Eva Stiberg, Birger Malmsten and Naima Wifstrand. It was shot at the Centrumateljéerna Studios in Stockholm and on location in Värmland County. The film's sets were designed by the art director Bibi Lindström. It was one of several films the director made featuring the Forest Finns.

Naima Wifstrand
Naima Wifstrand (pronounced [ˈnâjma ˈvîːfstrand]; 4 September 1890 – 23 October 1968) was a Swedish film actress, operetta singer, troubadour, director and composer. In her later years, she was cast in several supporting roles in Ingmar Bergman films.
Tram Iv Tek
Tram Iv Tek (Khmer: ត្រាំ អុីវតឹក, 30 November 1948 – 1 June 2021) was the Minister of Posts and Telecommunications of Cambodia.

He belonged to the Cambodian People's Party and was elected to represent Kampong Chhnang Province in the National Assembly of Cambodia in 2003. Between 2008 and 2016, he served as the Minister of Public Works and Transport of the government of Cambodia.

Kampong Chhnang province
Kampong Chhnang (Khmer: កំពង់ឆ្នាំង [kɑmpɔŋ cʰnaŋ]; meaning 'Port of Pottery') is one of the central provinces (khaet) of Cambodia. Neighboring provinces are (from north clockwise) Kampong Thom, Kampong Cham, Kandal, Kampong Speu, and Pursat. The provincial capital is the city of Kampong Chhnang.
Volker Halbach
Volker Halbach (born 21 October 1965 in Ingolstadt, Germany) is a German logician and philosopher. His main research interests are in philosophical logic, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of language, and epistemology, with a focus on formal theories of truth. He is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Oxford, Tutorial Fellow of New College, Oxford.

Philosophy of language
Philosophy of language is the philosophical study of the nature of language. It investigates the relationship between language, language users, and the world. Investigations may include inquiry into the nature of meaning, indexicality, intentionality, reference, the constitution of sentences, concepts, learning, and thought.

Gottlob Frege and Bertrand Russell were pivotal figures in analytic philosophy's "linguistic turn". These writers were followed by Ludwig Wittgenstein (Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus), the Vienna Circle, logical positivists, and Willard Van Orman Quine.
Ashot I of Armenia
Ashot I (Armenian: Աշոտ Ա; c. 820 – 890) was a king of Armenia who oversaw the beginning of Armenia's second golden age (862 – 977). He was the son of Smbat VIII the Confessor and was a member of the Bagratuni dynasty.

Gugark
Gugark (Armenian: Գուգարք, Latin: Gogarene, Ancient Greek: Γογαρινή) was the 13th province of the ancient kingdom of Armenia. It now comprises parts of northern Armenia, northeast Turkey, and southwest Georgia.
1993 Speedway World Pairs Championship
The 1993 Speedway World Pairs Championship was the twenty-fourth and last FIM Speedway World Pairs Championship. The final took place in Vojens, Denmark. The championship was won by Sweden (26 points) who beat United States (23 points) and host team Denmark (21 points).

Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme
The International Motorcycling Federation (Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme) or (FIM) is the global governing/sanctioning body of motorcycle racing. It represents 123 national motorcycle federations that are divided into six continental unions.

There are ten motorcycle-racing disciplines that FIM covers, encompassing 62 international championships as well as 188 secondary championships of circuit racing, enduro, Speedway Racing, Trials, Off-Roading, Motorcross, Supercross, Sno-Cross, Sidecars, and E-Bikes. FIM is also involved in many non-racing activities that promote the sport, its safety, and support relevant public policy. The FIM is also the first international sporting federation to publish an Environmental Code, in 1994. In 2007, a Commission for Women in Motorcycling was created by the FIM in order to promote the use of powered two-wheelers and the motorcycle sport among women.
Sanjay Mahindru
Vice Admiral Sanjay Mahindru, PVSM, AVSM, NM is a former flag officer in the Indian Navy. He last served as the Deputy Chief of the Naval Staff, from 31 Mar 2022 to 30 September 2023. Prior to this, he served as the Flag Officer Commanding Maharashtra Naval Area (FOMA), having been appointed on 17 October 2016. He earlier served as Flag Officer Submarines from 2015 to 2016.

Param Vishisht Seva Medal
Param Vishisht Seva Medal (PVSM) (IAST: Parama Viśiṣṭa Sēvā, lit. 'Supreme Distinguished Service Medal') is a military award of India. It is the highest peacetime medal of the Indian Armed Forces, and is awarded for "distinguished service of the most exceptional order." The medal is awarded for "distinguished service rendered by personnel of the Armed Forces."

All ranks of the Armed Forces, including Territorial Army, Auxiliary and Reserve forces, Nursing officers and other members of the Nursing services and other lawfully constituted Armed Forces are eligible for the medal, which may be awarded multiple times as well as posthumously.
Kōzuke Kokubun-ji
The Kōzuke Kokubun-ji (上野国分寺) was a Japanese Buddhist temple located on the border of what is now the cities of Maebashi and Takasaki, Gunma Prefecture, Japan. It was one of the provincial temples established by Emperor Shōmu during the Nara period (710 – 794) for the purpose of promoting Buddhism as the national religion of Japan and standardising control of the imperial rule to the provinces. The temple no longer exists, but the temple grounds were designated as a National Historic Site by the Japanese government in 1926.

Buddhist temples in Japan
Buddhist temples or monasteries are (along with Shinto shrines) the most numerous, famous, and important religious buildings in Japan. The shogunates or leaders of Japan have made it a priority to update and rebuild Buddhist temples since the Momoyama period (late 16th century). The Japanese word for a Buddhist monastery is tera (寺) (kun reading), and the same kanji also has the pronunciation ji (on reading), so temple names frequently end in -dera (voiced) or -ji. Another ending, -in (院), is normally used to refer to minor temples. Examples of temple names that have these suffixes are Kiyomizu-dera, Enryaku-ji and Kōtoku-in.
Ave Regina caelorum
"Ave Regina caelorum" is one of the Marian antiphons said or sung in the Liturgy of the Hours at the close of compline. In the Roman Breviary as revised by Pope Pius V in 1569 it was assigned for this use from compline of 2 February until compline of Wednesday of Holy Week. Since the revision of the Liturgy of the Hours in 1969, the only Marian antiphon for whose use a fixed period is laid down is the Easter season antiphon Regina caeli.

Like the other Marian antiphons, Ave Regina caelorum has been set to polyphonic music by composers such as Leonel Power (d. 1445), Guillaume Du Fay (d. 1474), Tomás Luis de Victoria (1548-1611), Marc-Antoine Charpentier, 3 settings, H.22, H.19, H. 45, Manuel de Sumaya (1678-1755), and Joseph Haydn (1732-1809).

The prayer, whose author is unknown, is found in manuscripts from the twelfth century onward.

Leonel Power
Leonel Power (also spelled Lionel, Lyonel, Leonellus, Leonelle; Polbero), c. 1380–1445, was an English composer of the early Renaissance.  Along with John Dunstaple he was a dominant figure of 15th-century English music. Mainly a composer of motets and of sections of the Mass, he is the best-represented contributor in the Old Hall Manuscript. Occasionally he is referred to by his Christian name only.
Boogie rock
Boogie rock is a style of blues rock music that developed in the late 1960s. Its key feature is a repetitive driving rhythm, which emphasizes the groove. Although inspired by earlier musical styles such as piano-based boogie-woogie, boogie rock has been described as "heavier" or "harder-edged" in its instrumental approach.

The term has been applied to two styles:

Blues rock songs that use a repeating monochord riff inspired by John Lee Hooker's 1948 song "Boogie Chillen'"

Blues rock songs that use a rhythm guitar pattern inspired by early rock and roll songs, such as Chuck Berry's "Johnny B. Goode" and "Roll Over Beethoven"

Boogie rock has also been used to generally describe blues rock performers who emphasize "a back-to-basics approach typified by more simple chord structures and straightforward lyrics" rather than showmanship and instrumental virtuosity.

Hal Leonard
Hal Leonard LLC (formerly Hal Leonard Corporation) is an American music publishing and distribution company headquartered in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. It was founded in 1947 by Harold "Hal" Edstrom, his brother, Everett "Leonard" Edstrom, and musician Roger Busdicker in Winona, Minnesota. Hal Leonard is the largest sheet music publisher in the world. It has been a subsidiary of Cypriot music company Muse Group since 2023.
Isaiah 31
Isaiah 31 is the thirty-first chapter of the Book of Isaiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains the prophecies attributed to the prophet Isaiah, and is one of the Books of the Prophets. The Jerusalem Bible groups chapters 28–35 together as a collection of "poems on Israel and Judah". Biblical commentators Keil and Delitzsch note that "again and again", Isaiah returns to the subject of Judah's alliance with Egypt, this chapter being a notable example.

Nevi'im
The Nevi'im (/nəviˈiːm, nəˈviːɪm/; Biblical Hebrew: נְבִיאִים, romanized: Nəviʾim, lit. 'spokespersons, prophets') is the second major division of the Tanakh (the Hebrew Bible), lying between the first division, the Torah (lit. 'instruction') and the third division, Ketuvim (lit. 'writings'). The Nevi'im are divided into two groups. The Former Prophets (Hebrew: נביאים ראשונים Nəviʾim Rishonim) consists of the narrative books of Joshua, Judges, Samuel and Kings; while the Latter Prophets (נביאים אחרונים Nəviʾim Aḥaronim) include the books of Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and the Twelve Minor Prophets.
Electromagnetic absorption by water
The absorption of electromagnetic radiation by water depends on the state of the water.

The absorption in the gas phase occurs in three regions of the spectrum. Rotational transitions are responsible for absorption in the microwave and far-infrared, vibrational transitions in the mid-infrared and near-infrared. Vibrational bands have rotational fine structure.  Electronic transitions occur in the vacuum ultraviolet regions.

Its weak absorption in the visible spectrum results in the pale blue color of water.

Attenuation coefficient
The linear attenuation coefficient, attenuation coefficient, or narrow-beam attenuation coefficient characterizes how easily a volume of material can be penetrated by a beam of light, sound, particles, or other energy or matter. A coefficient value that is large represents a beam becoming 'attenuated' as it passes through a given medium, while a small value represents that the medium had little effect on loss. The (derived) SI unit of attenuation coefficient is the reciprocal metre (m−1). Extinction coefficient is another term for this quantity, often used in meteorology and climatology. 
The attenuation length is the reciprocal of the attenuation coefficient.
Stephan Dippenaar
Stephanus Christiaan Dippenaar (born 3 January 1988) is a South African rugby union footballer. He currently represents the South Africa national sevens team in the IRB Sevens World Series. Between 2008 and 2011 he played for the Bulls in Super Rugby and the Blue Bulls in the Currie Cup and Vodacom Cup.

Dippenaar represented South Africa's under-19 team at the 2007 Under 19 Rugby World Championship in Ireland. In 2008, he played for South Africa's under-20 team at the Junior World Championship in Wales. He made his international sevens debut for the South African sevens team in 2012 at the Wellington Sevens.

In 2013, he was included in the squad for the 2013 Rugby World Cup Sevens. Dippenaar was injured at the 2015 Hong Kong Sevens and was replaced by Ruhan Nel. He had just recovered from an injury he sustained at the Gold Coast Sevens at the beginning of the series.

On 17 October 2017, Dippenaar announced his retirement from rugby on Twitter.

2014–15 Sevens World Series
The 2014–15 Sevens World Series, known for sponsorship reasons as the HSBC Sevens World Series, was the 16th annual series of rugby sevens tournaments for national rugby sevens teams. The Sevens World Series has been run by World Rugby since 1999–2000. This series also, for the first time, doubled as a qualifier for the 2016 Summer Olympics, with the top four national teams qualifying automatically.
Battle Angel (OVA)
Battle Angel, known in Japan as Gunnm (銃夢, Ganmu), is a 1993 original video animation (OVA) based on the Battle Angel Alita manga series by Yukito Kishiro.  It is directed by Hiroshi Fukutomi, and jointly produced by KSS Inc., Movic, Animate and Madhouse.  The OVA comprises two episodes, Rusty Angel and Tears Sign, corresponding respectively to volumes 1 and 2 of the manga with some differences, serving as a compressed preview for the manga.

According to Kishiro, only two episodes were originally planned since at the time he was too busy with the manga "to review the plan cooly [sic]" and he was not serious about an anime adaptation.  He has no plans to revive the anime.

Movic
Movic (ムービック, Mūbikku) is a Japanese company which specializes in the publication of trading cards, figures, CDs, and other general media related to the anime industry. Movic is a part of the Animate group.
Malina (surname)
Malina (Czech/Slovak feminine: Malinová) is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrzej Malina (born 1960), Polish wrestler

Bruce Malina (1933–2017), American biblical scholar

Frank Malina (1912–1981), American engineer and painter

Jaroslav Malina (disambiguation), multiple individuals

Joshua Malina (born 1966), American actor

Judith Malina (1926–2015), American actor

Libor Malina (born 1973), Czech discus thrower

Ľubomír Malina (born 1991), Slovak ice hockey player

Roger Malina (born 1950), American physicist and astronomer

Tom Malina (born 1978), Czech windsurfer

Libor Malina
Libor Malina (born 14 June 1973 in Kladno) is a Czech discus thrower. His personal best throw is 67.13 metres, achieved in July 2001 in Jablonec.

He finished fifth at the 1992 World Junior Championships. He then competed at three World Championships (1997, 1999 and 2003) as well as the 2000 Summer Olympics before reaching an international final, as he finished tenth at the 2004 Summer Olympics.
Arthur Fox (fencer)
Arthur George Fox (September 9, 1878 – August 17, 1958) was an English-American fencer who competed in the 1904 Summer Olympics.

Taking up fencing as a sport in his native United Kingdom, he emigrated to the United States at some point. After his emigration to the US, in 1904, he won the silver medal in  team foil competition. He also competed in the individual foil event but was eliminated in the first round. In the individual sabre event he finished fifth.

He was born in Cowes, Isle of Wight, England and died in Los Angeles, California, USA.

Cowes
Cowes (/kaʊz/) is an English seaport town and civil parish on the Isle of Wight. Cowes is located on the west bank of the estuary of the River Medina, facing the smaller town of East Cowes on the east bank. The two towns are linked by the Cowes Floating Bridge, a chain ferry.

Cowes has a population of 14,370 according to the 2021 Census.

Charles Godfrey Leland's 19th-century verses describe the towns poetically as "The two great Cowes that in loud thunder roar/This on the eastern, that the western shore".

Cowes has been seen as a home for international yacht racing since the founding of the Royal Yacht Squadron in 1815. It gives its name to the world's oldest regular regatta, Cowes Week, which occurs annually in the first week of August. Later, powerboat races are held.

Much of the town's architecture is still heavily influenced by the style of ornate building that Prince Albert popularised.
Angèle Dubos
Angèle Dubos (22 December 1844 − 26 November 1916) was a French painter from Normandy. Dubos was born Laure Constance Angèle Dubos  in 1844 in L'Aigle in the north of France, and showed her works at the Paris Salon.

L'Aigle
L'Aigle is a commune in the Orne department in Normandy in northwestern France. Before 1961, the commune was known as Laigle. According to Orderic Vitalis, the nest of an eagle (aigle in French) was discovered during the construction of the castle.

The river Risle flows through the commune.