hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bani Hadiyah
The Bani Hadiyah (Arabic: بني هدية) is a tribe of the United Arab Emirates (UAE), originating in Ras Al Khaimah and also in areas of Northern Oman.

The Bani Hadiyah is one of two main sections of the Shihuh tribe. The other is the Bani Shatair. The Bani Hadiyah is also divided into sections, including the Kumzarah and Habus. Traditionally, the Shihuh changed domicile, taking work in Ras Al Khaimah, including the villages of Sha'am and Rams during the pearling season and farming in the Ruus Al Jibal area of the Hajar Mountains during the winter.

The relationship between the Shihuh and the Rulers of Ras Al Khaimah was often fractious, and both Rams and Sha'am seceded several times before, in 1921, becoming part of the recognised Trucial State of Ras Al Khaimah.

Ras Al Khaimah
Ras Al Khaimah (Arabic: رَأْس ٱلْخَيْمَة; /raʔs͜ ɪlˈxajma/, Emirati Arabic : [räːs͜ ɪlχe̞ːmɛ] ), often referred to its initials RAK, is an industrial port city and the largest city and capital of the Emirate of Ras Al Khaimah in the U.A.E. The city had a population of 191,753 people in 2025, and is the sixth-most populous city in UAE after Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Sharjah, Al Ain and Ajman. The city is divided by a creek into two parts: old town in the west and Al Nakheel in the east. The town is the successor to the Islamic era port and trading hub of Julfar.
Midcarpal joint
The midcarpal joint is formed by the scaphoid, lunate, and triquetral bones in the proximal row, and the trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate bones in the distal row. The distal pole of the scaphoid articulates with two trapezial bones as a gliding type of joint. The proximal end of the scaphoid combines with the lunate and triquetrum to form a deep concavity that articulates with the convexity of the combined capitate and hamate in a form of diarthrodial, almost condyloid joint.

Condyloid joint
A condyloid joint (also called condylar, ellipsoidal, or bicondylar) is an ovoid articular surface, or condyle that  is received into an elliptical cavity. This permits movement in two planes, allowing flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and circumduction.
Tara Cross-Battle
Tara Cross-Battle (born September 16, 1968) is a retired volleyball player from the United States who competed in four Summer Olympics overall, starting in 1992. Cross-Battle won the bronze medal with the United States women's national team at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona. Her last Olympic appearance was at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens.

While representing the United States, Cross-Battle won a bronze medal at the 1990 FIVB World Championship in China and a silver medal at the 2002 FIVB World Championship in Germany. She also won a bronze medal at the 2003 FIVB World Cup in Japan.

For her career achievements in volleyball, Cross-Battle was inducted into the International Volleyball Hall of Fame in 2014.

1990 FIVB Women's Volleyball World Championship
The 1990 FIVB Women's World Championship was the eleventh edition of the tournament, organised by the world's governing body, the FIVB. It was held from 22 August to 1 September 1990, in Beijing, Shanghai, and Shenyang, PR China.
David Bakeš
David Bakeš (born 2 August 1982, in Prague) is a Czech snowboarder, specializing in snowboard cross.

Bakeš competed at the 2010 and 2014 Winter Olympics for the Czech Republic. In the 2010 snowboard cross, he qualified 32nd, failing to advance, and ending up 32nd overall. In the 2014 snowboard cross, he finished 4th in his 1/8 round race, failing to advance, and ending up 25th overall.

As of September 2014, his best showing at the World Championships is 29th, in the 2011 snowboard cross.

Bakeš made his World Cup debut in February 2007. As of September 2014, his best finish is 4th, at Telluride in 2009–10. His best overall finish is 20th, in 2007–08.

FIS Snowboard World Championships
The FIS Snowboarding World Championships is the world championship organized by the FIS for Snowboarding. It was first held in 1996 and is now held every odd year. The championship events include Big air, Halfpipe, Parallel giant slalom, Parallel slalom, Slopestyle and Snowboard cross for both genders as well as mixed team events in Parallel slalom and Snowboard cross.
Jorf El Melha
Jorf El Melha is a town in Sidi Kacem Province, Rabat-Salé-Kénitra, Morocco. According to the 2004 census, it has a population of 20,581. The climate in Jorf El Melha is mild and generally warm. The average annual temperature is 19.6°C. Winter is a rainier season than summer and the average annual precipitation is 619mm.

Rabat-Salé-Kénitra
Rabat-Salé-Kénitra (Arabic: الرباط-سلا-القنيطرة, romanized: ar-ribāṭ salā al-qunayṭira) is one of twelve administrative regions of Morocco. It is situated in north-western Morocco and has a population of 5,132,639 (2024 census). The capital is Rabat.
2016 World Rugby Americas Pacific Challenge
The 2016 World Rugby Americas Pacific Challenge was the inaugural rugby union tournament created by World Rugby for national 'A' teams to develop home grown talent for their national test sides.

The Americas Pacific Challenge provides the Pacific nations a chance of further competition outside their own region, as the Pacific Challenge is reduced to just the Pacific nations when Rugby World Cup qualifiers are played.

For national 'A' teams from the Americas, this new tournament replaced the pre-2015 format of the Americas Rugby Championship, which is now an annual championship elevated to test status.

The tournament was hosted by Uruguay, with all matches played at the 14,000 capacity stadium Estadio Charrúa in Montevideo. Argentina XV won the tournament undefeated, with Fiji Warriors as runner-up.

Estadio Charrúa
Estadio Charrúa is a stadium in the Carrasco neighborhood of Montevideo, Uruguay, used mostly for rugby union and also sometimes for football. Property of the Montevideo Department, it is currently leased to the Uruguayan Rugby Union and Uruguayan Football Association after an agreement signed in 2012. The stadium holds 14,000 people.

Estadio Charrúa has been a frequent venue of teams such as the Uruguay national rugby union team, Uruguay women's national football team, Peñarol Rugby and Montevideo City Torque.
Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty
Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (abbreviated as UPPP or UP3) is a type of sleep surgery, which are surgical procedures for sleep-related breathing disorders, especially obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty involves removal and/or remodeling of tissues in the throat in order to prevent obstruction of the airway during sleep. Tissues which may typically be removed include the paryngeal tonsils and the adenoid tonsil. Tissues which may typically be remodeled include the uvula (see uvulotomy), the soft palate, and parts of the pharynx. UPPP is the most common surgical procedure performed for OSA.

Tonsil
The tonsils (/ˈtɒn.səls/ ⓘ TON-sills) are a set of lymphoid organs facing into the aerodigestive tract, which is known as Waldeyer's tonsillar ring and consists of the adenoid tonsil (or pharyngeal tonsil), two tubal tonsils, two palatine tonsils, and the lingual tonsils. These organs play an important role in the immune system.

When used unqualified, the term most commonly refers specifically to the palatine tonsils, which are two lymphoid organs situated at either side of the back of the human throat. The palatine tonsils and the adenoid tonsil are organs consisting of lymphoepithelial tissue located near the oropharynx and nasopharynx (parts of the throat).
Embassy of Indonesia, Amman
The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia in Amman (Indonesian: Kedutaan Besar Republik Indonesia di Amman; Arabic: سفارة الجمهورية الإندونيسية عمان بالمملكة الأردنية الهاشمية،) is the diplomatic mission of the Republic of Indonesia to the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. The embassy is concurrently accredited to the State of Palestine. The first Indonesian ambassador to Jordan was Zainul Yasni (1985–1988). The current ambassador, Ade Padmo Sarwono, was appointed by President Joko Widodo on 25 October 2021.

President of Indonesia
The president of the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Presiden Republik Indonesia) is the head of state and head of government of the Republic of Indonesia. The president is the leader of the executive branch of the Indonesian government and the commander-in-chief of the Indonesian National Armed Forces and the Indonesian National Police. Since 2004, the president and vice president have been directly elected to a five-year term, once renewable, allowing for a maximum of ten years in office.

The current president is Prabowo Subianto, who assumed office on 20 October 2024.
Jean Boyer (composer)
Jean Boyer (born before 1600 – died 1648) was a French viol player and composer, active in Paris during the first half of the 17th century.

He must not be confused with Noël Boyer, who was master of the music of the Duchess of Savoy and who in 1631 attempted to succeed Paul Auget as superintendent of the music of the king's chamber.

Henri I, Duke of Nemours
Henri of Savoy (French: Henri de Savoie) (2 November 1572 – 10 July 1632), called originally Marquis de Saint-Sorlin, was the son of Jacques of Savoy and Anna d'Este, the widow of François de Lorraine, Duke of Guise. He succeeded his brother Charles Emmanuel as Duke of Nemours.

In 1588, he took the marquisate of Saluzzo from the French for his cousin, the Duke of Savoy. The princes of Guise, his half-brothers, induced him to join the League, and in 1591, he was made governor of Dauphiné in the name of that faction. He made his submission to Henry IV in 1596. After quarrelling with the duke of Savoy, he withdrew to Burgundy and joined the Spaniards in their war against Savoy. After peace had been proclaimed on 14 November 1616, he retired to the French court.

Henri married Anne de Lorraine, daughter of Charles de Lorraine, Duke of Aumale. They had:

Louis

Charles Amadeus, married Elisabeth of Bourbon-Vendome

Henri, Archbishop of Reims, married Marie d'Orleans
The Animal That Therefore I Am
The Animal That Therefore I Am (French: L'Animal que donc je suis) is a book based on the ten-hour address on the subject of "the autobiographical animal" given by the French philosopher Jacques Derrida at the 1997 Cerisy Conference and subsequently published as a long essay under the title, "The Animal That Therefore I Am (More To Follow)". The book has gained notability as signalling Derrida's turn to questions surrounding the ontology of nonhuman animals, the ethics of animal slaughter and the difference between humans and other animals. Derrida's lecture has come to be a foundational text in animal studies within the fields of literary criticism and critical theory. Whilst the text is often seen as marking the "animal turn" in Derrida's oeuvre, Derrida himself said that his interest in animals was in fact present in his earliest writings.

Animal studies
Animal studies is a recently recognised field in which animals are studied in a variety of cross-disciplinary ways. Scholars who engage in animal studies may be formally trained in a number of diverse fields, including art history, anthropology, biology, film studies, geography, history, psychology, literary studies, museology, philosophy, communication, and sociology. They engage with questions about notions of "animality," "animalization," or "becoming animal," to understand human-made representations of and cultural ideas about "the animal" and what it is to be human by employing various theoretical perspectives. Using these perspectives, those who engage in animal studies seek to understand both human-animal relations now and in the past as defined by our knowledge of them. Because the field is still developing, scholars and others have some freedom to define their own criteria about what issues may structure the field.
Fred Robinson (footballer, born 1939)
Frederick John Robinson (13 June 1938 – 23 November 2000) was an Australian rules footballer who played for North Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL) during the early 1960s.

A defender, Robinson was recruited from Kyabram District Football League club Murchison and played four games in his debut season but ten in the 1961 VFL season, gathering three Brownlow Medal votes. After managing only one appearance in 1962, Robinson joined Victorian Football Association (VFA) club Brunswick and performed well for the club as a full-back. He finished third in the J. J. Liston Trophy in 1965, and was a VFA representative at the 1966 Hobart Carnival.

Robinson's grandson Daniel Venables played for the West Coast Eagles in the Australian Football League.

Brunswick Football Club
The Brunswick Football Club, nicknamed the Magpies, was an Australian rules football club based in the Melbourne suburb of Brunswick.

Brunswick played in the Victorian Football Association (VFA) from 1897 until 1991, when it withdrew midway early in the season and folded shortly after. In its final two seasons in the VFA, the club was known as Brunswick-Broadmeadows.
Umm al-Amad, Salamiyah
Umm al-Amad (Arabic: أم العمد) is a village in central Syria, administratively part of the Salamiyah District of the Hama Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Umm al-Amad had a population of 908 in the 2004 census.

Hama Governorate
Hama Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة حماة Muḥāfaẓat Ḥamā) is one of the fourteen governorates of Syria. It is situated in western-central Syria, bordering Idlib and Aleppo Governorates to the north, Raqqa Governorate to the east, Homs Governorate to the south, and Tartus and Latakia Governorate to the west. It is the only Governorate (excluding Damascus) that does not border a foreign country. Measures of its area vary from 8,844 km2 to 8,883 km2, with its capital being the city of Hama, also notably being the only Governorate with no land borders with any foreign countries.
Inside Job (Roswell Rudd album)
Inside Job is a live album by trombonist Roswell Rudd. It was recorded on May 21, 1976, at Sam Rivers' Studio Rivbea in New York City, and was released later that year by Freedom Records. On the album, Rudd is joined by trumpeter Enrico Rava, pianist Dave Burrell, bassist Stafford James, and drummer Harold White.

Inside Job was recorded during the loft jazz festival documented on Wildflowers: The New York Loft Jazz Sessions.

Wildflowers: The New York Loft Jazz Sessions
Wildflowers: The New York Loft Jazz Sessions is a series of five albums recorded May 14–23, 1976 at Studio Rivbea, a loft jazz space in New York City, run by Sam Rivers and his wife Bea. The albums include performances by groups led by musicians such as Hamiet Bluiett, Anthony Braxton, Marion Brown, Dave Burrell, Andrew Cyrille, Oliver Lake, Jimmy Lyons, Ken McIntyre, Kalaparusha Maurice McIntyre, Roscoe Mitchell, David Murray, Sunny Murray, Sam Rivers, Leo Smith, Henry Threadgill, and Randy Weston. The recordings were originally released in 1977 on the Douglas and Casablanca labels as five separate LPs, and were reissued in 1999 by Knit Classics as a 3-CD set.
Religion in Karachi
Religions in Karachi include Islam, Christianity, Hinduism, Sikhism, Buddhism, Zoroastrianism and others. According to a 2023 census of Pakistan, the religious breakdown of the city is as follows: Muslim (96.52%), Christian (2.14%), Hindu (1.17%), other (0.17%). Other religious groups include Parsis, Sikhs, Baháʼí, Jews and Buddhists. Of the Muslims, approximately 66% are Sunnis and 34% are Shia. The Sunnis follow Hanafi fiqh while Shi'ites are predominantly Ithnā‘Ashariyyah fiqh, with significant minority groups who follow Ismaili Fiqh, which is composed of Nizari (Aga Khanis), Mustaali, Dawoodi Bohra and Sulaymani fiqhs.

Clifton, Karachi
Clifton is an upscale and historic seaside locality in Karachi, Pakistan. It is one of the most affluent parts of the city, home to some of Karachi's most expensive real estates. It is home to several foreign consulates, while its commercial centres are amongst the most high-end in Pakistan, with a strong presence of international brands.
Matthew Overcast
Matthew Overcast is an American politician who was elected member of the Missouri House of Representatives for the 155th district in 2024.

Overcast served in the United States Air Force from 2010 to 2014. Overcast is a licensed attorney.

In the legislature, he sits on the Elementary and Secondary Education Committee; the Emerging Issues Committee and the Judiciary Committee

2024 Missouri House of Representatives election
The 2024 Missouri House of Representatives election took place on November 5, 2024, as part of the biennial 2024 United States elections. It was held alongside numerous other federal, state, and local elections, including the 2024 U.S. presidential election and the 2024 Missouri Senate election. All 163 seats in the Missouri House of Representatives were up for election. Primary elections took place on August 6, 2024.
2025 Bahrain Darts Masters
The 2025 Bahrain Darts Masters was the third staging of the professional darts tournament by the Professional Darts Corporation and was the first event in the 2025 World Series of Darts. The tournament featured 16 players (eight elite PDC players and eight Asian representatives) and was held at the Bahrain International Circuit in Sakhir, Bahrain from 16 to 17 January 2025.

Luke Littler was the defending champion, having defeated Michael van Gerwen 8–5 in the 2024 final. However, he lost to Gerwyn Price 6–2 in the quarter-finals.

Stephen Bunting won the tournament, beating Gerwyn Price 8–4 in the final to claim his first World Series title.

Sakhir
Sakhir (Arabic: الصخير, romanized: Aṣ-Ṣaḫīr) is a desert area located in the Southern Governorate of Bahrain, near Zallaq. It contains the Al-Sakhir Palace, built in either 1870 or 1901 depending on different sources. It also is the current location of the Bahrain Grand Prix in Formula One, the Bahrain International Circuit

Camping in Sakhir during the winter months is a popular activity in the country.
Kumzhensky memorial
The Kumzhensky memorial (The memorial complex "Kumzhensky Grove"; Russian: Кумженский мемориал (Мемориальный комплекс «Кумженская роща»)) is a memorial complex in Zheleznodorozhny district of Rostov-on-Don. It is located in the western part of the city in the Kumzhensky park on a peninsula formed by the convergence of the Don and the Myortvy Donets river. The memorial was erected in 1983 to commemorate the dead fighters of the Red Army who liberated Rostov-on-Don in 1941 and 1943 during the Second World War. The complex includes several memorials and a mass grave. The Kumzhensky memorial is recognized as a regional cultural heritage site.

Rostov-on-Don
Rostov-on-Don, or simply Rostov, is a port city and the administrative centre of Rostov Oblast and the Southern Federal District of Russia. It lies in the southeastern part of the East European Plain on the Don River, 32 kilometers (20 mi) from the Sea of Azov, directly north of the North Caucasus. The southwestern suburbs of the city lie above the Don river delta. Rostov-on-Don has a population of over one million people and is an important cultural, educational, economic and logistical centre of Southern Russia.
Sammy Wilson (footballer, born 1931)
Samuel Wilson (16 December 1931 – 8 November 2014) was a Scottish footballer, who played professionally for St Mirren, Celtic, Millwall, Northampton Town and Mansfield Town. Although he only spent two years with Celtic, Wilson may be best-remembered for his role in one famous victory, when he scored their first goal in their record 7–1 victory over Rangers in the 1957 Scottish League Cup Final. Wilson finished his footballing career in the first half of the 1960s, having moved to the north of Scotland to sign for Highland Football League clubs Ross County and then Brora Rangers.

Brora Rangers F.C.
Brora Rangers Football Club are a Scottish football club from the village of Brora, Sutherland, in the Highland council area of Scotland. They play in the Highland League, of which they have been champions five times, having won their first title in 2013–14 and successfully defended it in the 2014–15 season. They were awarded the title in the 2019–20 and 2020–21 seasons which were incomplete due to the coronavirus pandemic and would win it again on goal difference in 2024–25.

They have won the North of Scotland Cup nine times and the Highland League Cup on three occasions.

Nicknamed the Cattachs, Brora Rangers play at Dudgeon Park, Brora, and hold a rivalry with neighbours Wick Academy, in the Northern Derby.
2020 Southern Conference women's basketball tournament
The 2020 Southern Conference women's basketball tournament was held between March 5–8, 2020, at the Harrah's Cherokee Center in Asheville, North Carolina. Samford won the tournament and received an automatic bid to the 2020 NCAA Tournament.

2019–20 Samford Bulldogs women's basketball team
The 2019–20 Samford Bulldogs women's basketball team represented the Samford University during the 2019–20 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Bulldogs, led by 1st-year head coach Carley Kuhns, played their home games at Pete Hanna Center. They were members of the Southern Conference (SoCon)
The Horseman on the Roof (novel)
The Horseman on the Roof (orig. French Le Hussard sur le toit) is a 1951 adventure novel by French writer Jean Giono. It tells the story of Angelo Pardi, a young Italian carbonaro colonel of hussars, caught up in the 1832 cholera epidemic in Provence.

In 1995, it was made into a film of the same name directed by Jean-Paul Rappeneau.

1826–1837 cholera pandemic
The second cholera pandemic (1826–1837), also known as the Asiatic cholera pandemic, was a cholera pandemic that reached from India across Western Asia to Europe, Great Britain, and the Americas, as well as east to China and Japan. Cholera caused more deaths than any other epidemic disease in the 19th century, and as such, researchers consider it a defining epidemic disease of the century. The medical community now believes cholera to be exclusively a human disease, spread through many means of travel during the time, and transmitted through warm fecal-contaminated river waters and contaminated foods. During the second pandemic, the scientific community varied in its beliefs about the causes of cholera.
Daniel O'Sullivan (musician)
Daniel O'Sullivan (born 1 December 1980) is an English musician, composer and producer from Manchester, best known for playing or having played in experimental art-rock bands Grumbling Fur, Guapo, Miasma & the Carousel of Headless Horses, Ulver, Sunn O))), Æthenor, Laniakea, Miracle, Mothlite, and This Is Not This Heat. He has also released solo work under his own name.

O'Sullivan is recognized for exploring a wide range of styles, including neo-classical composition, progressive/psychedelic rock, free-form improvisation, cosmic jazz, minimalist drone, ethereal synth-pop and outer-limits folk music.

Southern Records
Founded 1992 by John Loder, Southern Records is an independent record label (Loder also ran the recording facility Southern Studios). It is based in London and until 2008 had offices in the United States, France and Berlin.

The label is closely associated with Crass Records, Corpus Christi Records and Dischord Records.