hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Laing's Nek (1900)
The Battle of Laing's Nek from 2–10 June 1900 was a series of actions in the Second Boer War between forces under Redvers Buller and the Boers of the Transvaal. At the time, Redvers Buller was advancing from Ladysmith to the Buffalo River, in an effort to cross into Volskrust, where he could then aid Lord Roberts in the Advance on Pretoria. The Boers had fortified themselves at Laing's Nek, as they had done previously 18 years prior. Over the course of eight days, Buller was able to repulse the Boers, and cross the Buffalo River into Transvaal on 12 June.

Buffalo River (KwaZulu-Natal)
The Buffalo River (Zulu: uMzinyathi; Afrikaans: Buffelsrivier) is the largest tributary of the Tugela River in South Africa. With a total length of 426 km (265 mi), its source is in Majuba Hill, "Hill of Doves" in the Zulu language, located northeast of Volksrust, close to the Mpumalanga / KwaZulu-Natal border. It follows a southerly route into KwaZulu-Natal past Newcastle then turns southeast past Rorke's Drift, before joining the Tugela River at Ngubevu near Nkandla. During the nineteenth century it formed part of the boundary between the Colony of Natal and Zululand.

The Buffalo River has a number of tributaries, including the Ingagane from the SW and the Blood River from the NE, which it joins near Kandi Mountain. Rorke's Drift is a ford across the Buffalo River which is one of the famous places of the 1878–79 Anglo-Zulu War and Isandhlwana is another important place of that war located about 20 km SE of the river, not far from the confluence with the Tugela.
Sun Sovannarith
Sun Sovannarith (Khmer: ស៊ុន សុវណ្ណរឹទ្ធិ; born 11 February 1985) is a former footballer who last played as a defender for ISI Dangkor Senchey in Cambodian Second League.

He has represented Cambodia at senior international level.

Cambodian League 2
Cambodian League 2 (Khmer: កម្ពុជាលីគ២, Kampuchea Lik 2 [kampuciə lik piː]), formerly the Cambodian Second League, is the second tier professional football league in Cambodia managed by the Cambodian Football League Company (CFLC). It was first started in 2016 by the Football Federation of Cambodia. The winners from each of the 6 regions of the third level, the Regional League (North, South, East, West, Middle, and Phnom Penh), and from the Hun Sen Cup are qualified to play in the Cambodian League 2. The winner of the Cambodian League 2 will be promoted to the top division Cambodian Premier League the following season.
Group sex
Group sex is sexual activity involving more than two people. Participants in group sex can be of any sexual orientation or gender. Any form of sexual activity can be adopted to involve more than two participants, but some forms have their own names.

Group sex most commonly takes place in a private sex party or semi-public swinger gathering, but may also take place at massage parlors or brothels or, in some jurisdictions, at purpose-built locations such as sex clubs. In places where non-monogamous sex is taboo or illegal, group sex may take place in private or clandestine locations including homes, hotel rooms, or private clubs.

Fantasies of group sex are extremely common among both men and women. Many forms of sexual behavior were reported by Alfred Kinsey's subjects, but the official Kinsey Reports website does not mention threesomes or group sex in the summary of Kinsey's findings.

Group sex is a popular subgenre in pornographic films.

Sex club
Sex clubs, also known as swinger clubs or lifestyle clubs, are formal or informal groups that organize sex-related activities, or establishments where patrons can engage in sex acts with other patrons. A sex club or swinger club differs from a brothel in that while sex club patrons pay an entrance fee and may pay an annual membership fee, they only have an opportunity to have sex with other patrons, not with sex workers.
Paalkkadal
Paalkkadal is a 1976 Indian Malayalam-language film, directed by T. K. Prasad and produced by K. K. S. Kaimal. The film stars Sheela, Sharada, Mohan Sharma, and Prema. The film has musical score by A. T. Ummer.

Sarada (actress)
Thadiparthi Saraswati Devi (born 12 June 1945), better known by her stage name Sarada, is an Indian actress and politician. Though known for her work predominantly in Telugu and Malayalam cinema, she has also appeared in Tamil, Hindi and Kannada language films.

Sarada is a three-time recipient of the National Film Award for Best Actress for her roles in Thulabharam (1968), Swayamvaram (1972), and Nimajjanam (1977). She is also known as Urvasi Sarada – the National Film Award for Best Actress was officially designated the Urvasi Award. Sarada also won the NTR National Award by the Government of Andhra Pradesh for her contributions to Indian cinema. In 2024, she was honoured with the J. C. Daniel Award by the Government of Kerala, for her contributions to Malayalam cinema.
Goddess of Liberty (Texas State Capitol)
Goddess of Liberty is a sculpture by Elijah E. Myers, installed atop the Texas State Capitol dome, in Austin, Texas, United States. The original statue was erected in February 1888. It was replaced by a replica on June 14, 1986, and the original was restored and relocated to the Bullock Texas State History Museum.

Elijah E. Myers
Elijah E. Myers (December 29, 1832 – March 5, 1909) was an American architect of government buildings in the latter half of the 19th century, and the architect of three state capitols: the Michigan State Capitol, the Texas State Capitol, and the Colorado State Capitol. He also designed buildings in Mexico and Brazil. Myers favored Victorian Gothic and Neo-Classical styles, but he worked in other styles as well.
Jack in Time for Christmas
Jack in Time for Christmas is a British Christmas comedy special on Amazon Prime Video starring Jack Whitehall and featuring a number of celebrity guest appearances including Jimmy Fallon, Rebel Wilson, Michael Bublé and Dave Bautista.

Daisy May Cooper
Daisy May Cooper (born 1985 or 1986) is an English actress and writer. She won the 2018 BAFTA TV Award for Best Female Comedy Performance for playing Kerry Mucklowe in the BBC Three series This Country, which she co-created and co-wrote with her younger brother, Charlie Cooper.
Markéta Jirásková
Markéta Jirásková is a Czech mountain bike orienteer. She won a bronze medal in the middle distance at the 2007 World MTB Orienteering Championships in Nové Město na Moravě. She placed 8th in the long distance, and 14th in the sprint event.

Nové Město na Moravě
Nové Město na Moravě (Czech pronunciation: [ˈnovɛː ˈmɲɛsto ˈna moravjɛ] ⓘ; German: Neustadt in Mähren) is a town in Žďár nad Sázavou District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 9,800 inhabitants. Located in the Křižanov Highlands, Nové Město na Moravě is a winter sports resort, known primarily for hosting biathlon competitions.

Among the most important feudal owners of the town was the Pernštejn family, during whose rule in the 16th century the town experienced its greatest prosperity. The historic town centre with Renaissance, Baroque and Neoclassical houses is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.
Martimas
Martimas (1896-1916) was a Canadian Horse Racing Hall of Fame Thoroughbred racehorse who competed in Canada as well as the United States where he won the Futurity Stakes, the richest and most prestigious race in the country.

Fort Erie Race Track
Fort Erie Race Track is a horse racing facility in Fort Erie, Ontario, Canada, that opened on June 16, 1897. The racetrack is often referred to as "the border oval" because of the track's proximity (barely a mile) to the U.S. border. Its most important race is the Prince of Wales Stakes, the second leg of the Canadian Triple Crown.
Dubai Holding
Dubai Holding (Arabic: دبي القابضة) is Dubai ruler Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid al-Maktoum's global investment holding company and personal investment portfolio.

Mohamed al-Gergawi built the company's portfolio. Sheikh Ahmed bin Saeed al-Maktoum was appointed chairman by the Dubai ruler. Dubai Holding has over DH 130 billion in assets in 13 countries and around 20,000 employees worldwide.

In 2021, leaks from the Pandora Papers about a secretive offshore system used to hide income from tax authorities and creditors revealed that Dubai Holding used three shell companies.

United Arab Emirates dirham
The Emirati dirham (symbol: ; currency code: AED; /ˈdɪər(h)əm/;) Arabic: درهم إماراتي, abbreviation: د.إ in Arabic, Dh; is the official currency of the United Arab Emirates. The dirham is subdivided into 100 fils (فلس). It is pegged to the United States dollar at a constant exchange rate of approximately 3.67 AED to 1 USD. In March 2025, the UAE Central Bank announced the creation of a Dirham currency symbol, , derived from the Latin letter D crossed with two horizontal lines.
Nanzhou, Pingtung
22°28′44″N 120°30′56″E﻿ / ﻿22.478934°N 120.515629°E﻿ / 22.478934; 120.515629

Nanzhou Township (also spelled Nanjhou; Chinese: 南州鄉; Hanyu Pinyin: Nánzhōu Xiāng; Tongyong Pinyin: Nánjhou Siang) is a rural township in Pingtung County, Taiwan. It has a population total of 9,844 (February 2024) and an area of 18.97 square kilometres (7.32 sq mi).

Township (Taiwan)
Townships are the third-level administrative subdivisions of counties of the Republic of China (Taiwan), along with county-administered cities. After World War II, the townships were established from the following conversions on the Japanese administrative divisions:

Although local laws do not enforce strict standards for classifying them, generally urban townships have a larger population and more business and industry than rural townships, but not to the extent of county-administered cities. Under townships, there is also the village as the base/fourth level of administration.

As of 2022, there are in all 184 townships, including 38 urban townships, 122 rural townships and 24 mountain indigenous townships. 174 townships with 35 urban and 115 rural townships are located in Taiwan Province and 10 townships with 3 urban and 7 rural townships are located in Fujian Province. Penghu and Lienchiang are the only two counties that do not have urban townships.
Up and Down the Dust Way
Up and Down the Dust Way (Vietnamese: Xuôi ngược đường trần) is a 2002 Vietnamese TV series, written and directed by Linh Nga (a.k.a. Lina Linh Nga) and co-director Tuan Anh Nguyen, and starring Linh Nga, Mai Ngoc Can, The Tuc, and Kim Xuyen. It premiered on February 21, 2002, at the Vietnamese International Film Festival in Hanoi, Vietnam. It won the Academy International Award for Best TV Series of 2002. It was shown on May 27, 2002, in Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, and other cities.

Sóc Trăng
Sóc Trăng (listenⓘ; Khmer: ស្រុកឃ្លាំង Srok Khleang lit. 'Land of depositories') is a city in Vietnam. It was the capital of the former Sóc Trăng Province, now merged into Cần Thơ. It was upgraded from a town (thị xã) to a city following decree 22/2007/NĐ-CP on 8 February 2007.
Electoral district of Port Fairy
38°22′S 142°14′E﻿ / ﻿38.367°S 142.233°E﻿ / -38.367; 142.233
Port Fairy was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Victoria from 1889 to 1927. 
It was created when the Electoral district of Belfast was renamed. Bryan O'Loghlen was the last member for Belfast, serving 1888–1889.

It centred on the coastal town of Port Fairy in western Victoria. It was replaced in 1927 by the Electoral district of Port Fairy and Glenelg.

In 2002, Port Fairy was incorporated into the South-West Coast electorate.  Denis Napthine has been the sitting member since 2002.

Denis Napthine
Denis Vincent Napthine AO (born 6 March 1952) is an Australian former politician and veterinarian who served as the 47th premier of Victoria from 2013 to 2014. He held office as the leader of the Victorian division of the Liberal Party of Australia (LPA) and was a member of the Victorian Legislative Assembly (MLA) for the district of Portland from 1988 to 2002, before transferring to that of South-West Coast from 2002 to 2015.

He was elected leader of the Parliamentary Liberal Party on 6 March 2013 following the resignation of Ted Baillieu and was sworn in as premier on the same day. His party lost the Victorian state election on 29 November 2014 and he announced he would step down as leader of the Parliamentary Liberal Party, with Matthew Guy being elected his successor on 4 December.

As of 2025, he is the most recent Liberal Premier of Victoria.
Schmidheiny family
The Schmidheiny family (/ˈʃmɪdhaɪni/ SHMID-hy-nee) is a Swiss industrial and political family originally from Balgach, St. Gallen in Eastern Switzerland. The fortune was made through diversification in only two to three generations during the mid-19th and early 20th century by Jacob Schmidheiny through the silk manufacturing (until 1867) and then building materials such as brick and concrete (primarily Eternit and Holcim).

Building material
Building material is material used for construction. Many naturally occurring substances, such as clay, rocks, sand, wood, and even twigs and leaves, have been used to construct buildings and other structures, like bridges. Apart from naturally occurring materials, many human-made products are in use, some more and some less synthetic. The manufacturing of building materials is an established industry in many countries and the use of these materials is typically segmented into specific specialty trades, such as carpentry, insulation, plumbing, and roofing work. They provide the make-up of habitats and structures including homes.
Advanced Energy Materials
Advanced Energy Materials is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering energy-related research, including photovoltaics, batteries, supercapacitors, fuel cells, hydrogen technologies, thermoelectrics, photocatalysis, solar power technologies, magnetic refrigeration, and piezoelectric materials. It publishes invited reviews and progress reports, full papers, and rapid communications. Established in 2011, Adv. Energy Mater. began as a monthly journal in 2012 and switched to 18/year in 2014, biweekly in 2016, 36/year in 2018, and weekly in 2019.

Photocatalysis
In chemistry, photocatalysis is the acceleration of a photoreaction in the presence of a photocatalyst, the excited state of which "repeatedly interacts with the reaction partners forming reaction intermediates and regenerates itself after each cycle of such interactions." In many cases, the catalyst is a solid that upon irradiation with UV- or visible light generates electron–hole pairs that generate free radicals. Photocatalysts belong to three main groups; heterogeneous, homogeneous, and plasmonic antenna-reactor catalysts. The use of each catalysts depends on the preferred application and required catalysis reaction.
Kathleen Van Brempt
Kathleen Van Brempt (pronounced [kɑtˈleːɱ vɑm ˈbrɛmpt]; born 18 November 1969) is a Belgian social-democratic politician and member of Vooruit. She currently serves as Member of the European Parliament (MEP) as part of the Party of European Socialists and is leader of the local branch of her party in Antwerp.

The Parliament Magazine
The Parliament Magazine is a monthly EU politics, policy and culture magazine. Its website, www.theparliamentmagazine.eu, is a forum for discussion on the latest developments in EU politics and policy, featuring regular contributions from prominent European policymakers, the magazine's editorial team and freelance journalists.
Olympic sports
Olympic sports are sports that are contested in the Summer Olympic Games and Winter Olympic Games. The 2024 Summer Olympics included 32 sports; the 2022 Winter Olympics included seven sports. Each Olympic sport is represented at the International Olympic Committee (IOC) by an international governing body called an International Federation (IF).

The 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo saw the introduction of four new sports, with karate, skateboarding, sport climbing and surfing making their Olympic debuts. Breakdancing made its debut at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, and ski mountaineering made its debut at the 2026 Winter Olympics in Italy. Flag football and squash will make their debuts at the 2028 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, while cricket and lacrosse will return after long absences.

Flag football at the Summer Olympics
The 2028 Summer Olympics will introduce the sport of flag football for the first time. Two events, one for men and one for women, will be held. Flag football, a non-contact variant of American football in which players remove flags attached to the ball carrier instead of tackling them, was previously contested at the 2022 World Games and was featured at the 2025 World Games.
Kharkiv State Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre named after Mykola Lysenko
The Kharkiv National Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre named after Mykola Lysenko is a theater in Kharkiv, Ukraine. The postmodern theater building was built in 1991 and features tufa tiles.

Notable performances at the venue include a 2019 production of the ballet Swan Lake, choreographed by Johan Nus, which used 42 tons of water. On December 23, 2020, the opera house was the site of the funeral for Kharkiv mayor Hennadii Kernes.

A student-led study at the Kharkiv School of Architecture found that the theater is considered a "community hub" and that the exterior is popular with skateboarders.

Swan Lake
Swan Lake (Russian: Лебединое озеро) is a ballet composed by Russian composer Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky in 1875–76.  Despite its initial failure, it is now one of the most popular ballets of all time.

The scenario, initially in two acts, was based on Russian and German folk tales, telling a story of Odette, a princess turned into a swan by an evil sorcerer's curse.

The ballet was premiered by the Bolshoi Ballet on 4 March [O.S. 20 February] 1877 at the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow.  The choreographer of this original production was Julius Reisinger (Václav Reisinger).

Most ballet companies now base their performances on the 1895 revival of Marius Petipa and Lev Ivanov, first staged for the Imperial Ballet on 15 January 1895, at the Mariinsky Theatre in St. Petersburg. For this revival, Tchaikovsky's score was revised by Riccardo Drigo.
Ik (Berd)
The Ik (Russian: Ик) is a river in Toguchinsky, Maslyaninsky and Iskitimsky districts of Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia. Its length is 75 km (47 mi). The river is a tributary of the Berd.

The tributaries of the river are the Kiternya (7 km), Small Ik (8 km), Taradanovka (16 km), Krokhalyovka (23 km), Ashtak (37 km), Big Yelovka (41 km) and Listvyanka (47 km) rivers.

The settlement of Verkh-Iki is situated at the river.

Iskitimsky District
Iskitimsky District (Russian: Искити́мский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty in Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the east of the oblast. The area of the district is 4,384 square kilometers (1,693 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Iskitim (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 62,816 (2010 Census);  66,420 (2002 Census); 67,733 (1989 Soviet census).
Hydraulic empire
A hydraulic empire, also known as a hydraulic despotism,  hydraulic society, hydraulic civilization, or water monopoly empire, is a social or government structure which maintains power through control over water. It arises through an ecological need for flood control and irrigation, which requires central coordination and a specialized bureaucracy. The term was promoted by Karl August Wittfogel's book Oriental Despotism: A Comparative Study of Total Power (1957).

Often associated with these terms and concepts is the notion of a water dynasty. This body is a political structure which is commonly characterized by a system of hierarchy and control often based on class or caste. Power, both over resources (food, water, energy) and a means of enforcement such as the military, is vital for the maintenance of control.

World energy resources
World energy resources are the estimated maximum capacity for energy production given all available resources on Earth. They can be divided by type into fossil fuel, nuclear fuel and renewable resources.
Rubroshorea macroptera
Rubroshorea macroptera (commonly known, along with some other dipterocarp species, as light red meranti) is a species of flowering plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is a tree native to Borneo, Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, and Peninsular Thailand. It is a large tree, up to 40 or 50 metres tall, which grows in lowland mixed dipterocarp rain forests on clay soils over sedimentary or igneous rocks.

The species was first described as Shorea macroptera by William Turner Thiselton-Dyer in 1874. In 2022 Peter Shaw Ashton and Jacqueline Heckenhauer placed the species in genus Rubroshorea as R. macroptera.

Peter Shaw Ashton
Peter Shaw Ashton (born 27 June 1934) is a British botanist and forest ecologist. He worked as the Charles Bullard Professor of Forestry at Harvard University from 1991 to 2005 and served as director of the Arnold Arboretum from 1978 to 1987.
Teaser trailer
A teaser trailer, also shortened to teaser, is a short trailer and a form of teaser campaign advertising that focuses on film and television programming. It is a videography pre-release film or television show advertisement. Short in length, teaser trailers contain a little material from the advertised content to be released.

Frequently, they contain hinted, cryptic, curiosity-inducing messages. Methods of this nature are designed to pique audience interest and anticipation, as well as increase the hype of the advertised content before release of its trailer. The length of a teaser trailer is usually only around 20–30 seconds, noticeably shorter than the 2014 Cinema United guideline of two minutes for standard trailers. It is generally created during the shooting of the film or program and released before the completion of shooting.

Cinema United
Cinema United, formerly known as the National Association of Theatre Owners (NATO), is an American trade organization whose members are the owners of movie theaters. Most of the operators of worldwide major theater chains are members, as are hundreds of independent theater operators; collectively, they account for the operation of over 35,000 motion picture screens in all 50 U.S. states and over 33,000 screens in 100 other countries.

NATO was founded in 1965 by the merger of the largest movie theater trade organizations; the Theater Owners of America and the Allied States Association of Motion Picture Exhibitors. The long-running official magazine of NATO is Boxoffice (now Boxoffice Pro); between 2001 and 2007, they also published In Focus. On March 18, 2025, NATO rebranded as Cinema United, to honor and support movie theaters.