hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Biem, South Sudan
Biem is a village in the north of the Ruweng Administrative Area in South Sudan, approximately 70 km northeast of Bentiu. Biem is located north of the Bahr al -Arab River and is inhabited mainly by cattle.

The village is located in the area of oil deposits of Heglig. During the Second Sudanese Civil War,  Biem was affected, not least because of its proximity to the border with the northern Sudan but because of its oil fields. This resulted in hunger among the local population and disease. Biem was under the control of the Sudan People's Liberation Army and became a haven for them. In 1999, government forces destroyed the village in a campaign.

Second Sudanese Civil War
The Second Sudanese Civil War was a conflict from 1983 to 2005 between the central Sudanese government and the Sudan People's Liberation Army. It was largely a continuation of the First Sudanese Civil War of 1955 to 1972. Although it originated in southern Sudan, the civil war spread to the Nuba Mountains and the Blue Nile. It lasted for almost 22 years and is one of the longest civil wars on record. The war resulted in the independence of South Sudan 6 years after the war ended.

Roughly two million people died as a result of war, famine and disease caused by the conflict. Four million people in southern Sudan were displaced at least once, normally repeatedly during the war. The civilian death toll is one of the highest of any war since World War II and was marked by numerous human rights violations, including slavery and mass killings.
Neil Rowlands
Christopher Neil Rowlands (born 2 September 1970) is a former English cricketer. Rowlands was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break.

Rowlands made his List-A debut for Huntingdonshire in the 1999 NatWest Trophy against Bedfordshire at Wardown Park, Luton.

Rowlands next represented Huntingdonshire in List-A cricket in the 2000 NatWest Trophy against a Hampshire Cricket Board side and also played against a Yorkshire Cricket Board in the 2nd round of the same competition.  He played 3 further List-A matches for Huntingdonshire, against Oxfordshire in the 1st round of the 2001 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy and a further game against Surrey Cricket Board in the 2nd round of the same competition.  His final List-A match for the county came against a Gloucestershire Cricket Board side in the 1st round of the 2002 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy, which Huntingdonshire lost.

In his 6 List-A matches, he took 7 wickets at a bowling average of 26.28, with best figures of 2/32.

Yorkshire Cricket Board
The Yorkshire Cricket Board is the governing body for all recreational cricket in the historic county of Yorkshire.

From 1999 to 2003 the Board fielded a team in the English domestic one-day tournament, matches which had List A status.
Windows Messaging
Windows Messaging, initially called Microsoft Exchange Client, is an email client that was included with Windows 95 (beginning with OSR2), Windows 98, and Windows NT 4.0.

In Windows 98, it was not installed by default but was available as a separate program in the setup CD.  It is incompatible with Windows 2000, Windows ME, Windows XP, and later versions.

Email client
An email client, email reader, message user agent (MUA), or mail user agent is a computer program used to access and manage a user's email.

A web application which provides message management, composition, and reception functions may act as a webmail client, and a piece of computer hardware or software whose primary or most visible role is to work as an email client may also use the term.
Nanjing Iron and Steel Company
Nanjing Iron and Steel Co., Ltd. (abb. NISCO) is a publicly traded steel maker based in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China. The parent company of NISCO is Nanjing Nangang Iron and Steel United Co., Ltd. (Chinese: 南京南钢钢铁联合有限公司), a joint venture of Hong Kong listed company Fosun International (the stake was jointly held by Fosun International and its subsidiaries) and Chinese state-owned enterprise Nanjing Iron and Steel Group in a 60–40 ratio.

NISCO involves the pressing and smelting of ferrous metals and sales of steel materials.

NISCO was a constituent of small cap SSE 380 Index from December 2015 to December 2017.

According to World Steel Association (Chinese companies data was provided by China Iron and Steel Association), the corporation was ranked the 45th in 2015 the world ranking by production volume (8.590 million metric tons).

World Steel Association
World Steel Association, abbreviated as worldsteel, is the international industry association for the iron and steel sector. The association  is one of the largest and most dynamic industry associations in the world, with members in every major steel-producing country. worldsteel represents steel producers, national and regional steel industry associations, and steel research institutes. Members represent around 85% of global steel production.

It is a non-profit organisation with its headquarters in Brussels, Belgium and a second office in Beijing, China, whose purpose is to promote steel and the steel industry to customers, the industry, media and the general public.
Mahmoud Sakalov
Mahmoud Sultanovich Sakalov (Russian: Махмуд Султанович Сакалов; born January 1, 1950) is a Russian politician and lawyer of Ingush ethnicity. He is serving as the Chairman of the People's Assembly of the Republic of Ingushetia.

Ingush people
Ingush (Ingush: Гӏалгӏай, romanized: Ghalghai, pronounced [ˈʁəlʁɑj]), historically known as Durdzuks, Gligvi and Kists, are a Northeast Caucasian ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Republic of Ingushetia in central Caucasus, but also inhabitanting Prigorodny District and town of Vladikavkaz of modern-day North-Ossetia. The Ingush are predominantly Sunni Muslims and speak the Ingush language.
Stewart Carmichael
Stewart Carmichael (8 February 1867 – 1950) was a Scottish painter known for his Celtic Revival, Symbolist and historical scenes. He has been described by the poet and academic Alan Riach as "one of the first truly Modernist Scottish artists, a painter of real stature".

Alan Riach
Alan Scott Riach (born 1 August 1957) is a Scottish poet and academic.

He was born in Airdrie, Lanarkshire, and was educated at Gravesend Grammar School for Boys, Churchill College, Cambridge (BA 1979) and the University of Glasgow (PhD 1985). He taught at the University of Waikato in New Zealand from 1986 until 2001. He is currently the Professor of Scottish Literature at the University of Glasgow. Riach was President of the Association for Scottish Literary Studies from 2006 to 2010 and is a regular contributor to The National.
Fazlul Karim
Fazlul Karim (Bengali: ফজলুল করীম) is a Bengali masculine given name of Arabic origin, meaning bounty of the Generous One. Bearers of the name include:

Sheikh Fazlul Karim Mona (1882–1936), poet and writer

Fazlul Karim Shiqdar (1905–1986), lawyer, businessman, politician and soldier

Mohammad Fazlul Karim (1927–2015), lawyer and politician

Dr. Abu Ahmad Fazlul Karim Bhuiyan (1928–1987), physician and politician

Sardar Fazlul Karim (1925–2014), academic, philosopher and essayist

Syed Fazlul Karim (1935–2006), Islamic scholar and politician

Fazlul Karim (born 1937), politician

Mohammad Fazlul Karim (1943–2024), 18th Chief Justice of Bangladesh

Sheikh Fazlul Karim Selim (born 1947), Minister of Health and Family Welfare

Sheikh Selim
Sheikh Fazlul Karim Selim (born 2 February  1949; known as Sheikh Selim) is a Bangladeshi politician who was a 9-term Member of Parliament representing the Gopalganj-2 constituency during 1980–2024. He is a presidium member of the Bangladesh Awami League. He also served as the minister of health and family welfare during 1999–2001. He has been in hiding ever since the fall of his cousin Sheikh Hasina's government on 5 August 2024.
Bolshoy Uluy
Bolshoy Uluy (Russian: Большо́й Улу́й) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Bolsheuluysky District, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia. Population:  3,340 (2010 census); 3,417 (2002 census); 4,003 (1989 Soviet census).

Krasnoyarsk Krai
Krasnoyarsk Krai is a federal subject (a krai) of Russia located in Siberia. Its administrative center is the city of Krasnoyarsk, the second-largest city in Siberia after Novosibirsk. Comprising half of the Siberian Federal District, Krasnoyarsk Krai is the largest krai in Russia, the second-largest federal subject in the country after neighboring Sakha, and the third-largest country subdivision by area in the world. The krai covers an area of 2,366,797 square kilometers (913,825 sq mi), constituting roughly 13% of Russia's total area. Krasnoyarsk Krai has a population of 2,856,971 as of the 2021 census.
2 for the Show
2 for the Show is the tenth album released by MC Breed. It was released on November 23, 1999, for Power Records, distributed by Roadrunner Records and was produced by MC Breed, Jazze Pha, Big L, 8Ball & MJG, Rob "Masta" Allen, South O, Mike Dean, Sedric "Swift" Barnett, B. Wild, Mr. Lee, Theo G, Colin Wolfe and Jermaine Tipton. 2 for the Show was a concept album with all the songs being a duet between Breed and another rapper.

Roadrunner Records
Roadrunner Records is a Dutch-American record label focused on heavy metal and hard rock music. Founded in the Netherlands in 1980, it is now a division of Warner Music Group and is based in New York City. Formerly seen as one of the most powerful independent metal labels of the 1980s and 1990s, it would eventually become a massive host of metal acts, most seen in Roadrunner United and the following live concert. Since then, the label continued to put out major releases. However, by the 2020s, most major acts had left the label; it was also acquired by Warner, being relegated to something much smaller than before.
We Love the City
We Love the City is the third album by British indie rock band Hefner.  It was released by Too Pure in two formats in 2000, the standard version and a second version with a disc featuring videos for "I Took Her Love for Granted" and "Good Fruit," as well as a John Peel session.  The entire John Peel session was later released as the album Maida Vale.  The album was reissued in 2009.

The album features vocals on a number of tracks by Amelia Fletcher, who is the vocalist for a number of bands (Marine Research, Heavenly, Talulah Gosh). This was the first Hefner LP to feature Jack Hayter as a permanent member.

Darren Hayman, lead singer and songwriter, has described We Love the City as his "favourite Hefner record".

Marine Research
Marine Research were an indiepop group, based in Oxford/London (UK), formed in 1997 by four of the five members of Heavenly (Amelia Fletcher, Peter Momtchiloff, Cathy Rogers and Rob Pursey), following the death of Heavenly drummer Mathew Fletcher. The band were joined on drums by DJ Downfall (John Stanley), who is also a solo recording artist.

After the band disbanded in 1999, vocalist and keyboardist Cathy Rogers moved to the United States of America, and became well known for producing and starring in the television show Junkyard Wars. Lead singer and songwriter Amelia Fletcher was also in the group Talulah Gosh and later recorded with Tender Trap, alongside bassist Rob Pursey and drummer John Stanley. Guitarist Peter Momtchiloff now plays in Would-Be-Goods, Speed of Sound and Scarlet's Well.
Thomas John Barnardo
Thomas John Barnardo (4 July 1845 – 19 September 1905) was an Irish, Christian philanthropist and founder and director of homes for poor and deprived children. From the foundation of the first Barnardo's home in 1867 to the date of Barnardo's death, nearly 60,000 children had been taken in.

Although Barnardo never finished his studies at the London Hospital, he used the title of 'doctor' and later secured a licentiate.

Barkingside
Barkingside is an area in Ilford, in the London Borough of Redbridge. It includes the major road junction of Fullwell Cross, which also gives its name to the locality near that roundabout. The area is situated 10.6 miles (17km) north east of Charing Cross. Prior to 1965, it formed part of the borough of Ilford in the historic county of Essex.

Barkingside is chiefly known for the children's charity Barnardo's, which was founded there in 1866, and still has its headquarters there. Some of the oldest buildings in Barkingside include the Barnardo's chapel, the Edwardian railway station (in 1948 transferred from LNER to London Underground's Central Line), and Holy Trinity Church, which dates from 1840. Barkingside is notable for its concentration of east London's Jewish population.
Argentine State Railway
Argentine State Railway (in Spanish: Ferrocarriles del Estado) was a State-owned railway company of Argentina, established by Law N° 6.757 in October 1909, when José Figueroa Alcorta was the President of Argentina. The company built and operated railway lines in Argentina.

José Figueroa Alcorta
José María Cornelio Figueroa Alcorta (Spanish: [xoˈse maˈɾia koɾˈneljo fiɣeˈɾoa alˈkoɾta]; November 20, 1860 – December 27, 1931) was an Argentine lawyer and politician, who managed to be the only person to head the three powers of the State: Vice President of the Nation (President of the Senate), from October 12, 1904 to March 12, 1906, President of the Nation from that date and until October 12, 1910; and President of the Supreme Court of Justice of the Argentine Nation, from 1929 until his death in 1931.
Yonekura Masanaga
Yonekura Masanaga (米倉 昌寿; February 21, 1793 – May 7, 1863) was the 7th daimyō of Mutsuura Domain in southern Musashi Province, Honshū, Japan (modern-day Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture) and 10th head of the Yonekura clan. His courtesy title was Tango-no-kami.

Fukushima Domain
Fukushima Domain (福島藩, Fukushima-han) was a fudai feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, located in southern Mutsu Province. It was centered on Fukushima Castle in what is now the city of Fukushima in Fukushima Prefecture. For the majority of its history it was ruled by a branch of the Itakura clan.
Bruchberg
At 927 m above sea level (NN),  the Bruchberg in the Upper Harz is the second highest mountain in Lower Saxony and the third highest in the Harz mountains in North Germany.  It lies between Altenau and Torfhaus in the middle of the Harz National Park. The Bruchberg is more like a plateau and has no real summit. This plateau is partly covered with trees, but on the sunny southern slopes the trees have largely died as a result of bark beetle infestation (see photograph below). Following this insect destruction, a new natural forest, rich in its variety of species, is now growing in the heart of the Harz National Park.

Normalnull
Normalnull ("standard zero") or Normal-Null (short N. N. or NN) is an outdated official vertical datum used in Germany. Elevations using this reference system were to be marked Meter über Normal-Null (“meters above standard zero”). Normalnull has been replaced by Normalhöhennull (NHN).
Mary Scott (Australian artist)
Mary Scott (born New Norfolk, Tasmania 1957) is one of the Hobart, Tasmania-based artists, with works in the permanent collections of National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne; Artbank, Sydney; Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery and the University of Tasmania Fine Arts Collection, Hobart. She is  Senior Lecturer and Head of Drawing at the University of Tasmania.

Scott studied at the Canberra School of Art.
She won the City of Hobart Art Prize for drawing in 2009.

Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery
The Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery (TMAG) is a museum located in Hobart, Tasmania. The museum was established in 1846, by the Royal Society of Tasmania, the oldest Royal Society outside England. 
The TMAG receives 400,000 visitors annually.
Dublin North (Dáil constituency)
Dublin North was a parliamentary constituency represented in Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Irish parliament or Oireachtas, from 1981 to 2016, representing an area in the north of County Dublin (later Fingal). A previous constituency of the same existed in Dublin City from 1923 to 1937. The method of election was proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).

Oireachtas
The Oireachtas (/ˈɛrəktəs/ EH-rək-təs; Irish: [ˈɛɾʲaxt̪ˠəsˠ]), sometimes referred to as Oireachtas Éireann, is the bicameral parliament of Ireland. The Oireachtas consists of the president of Ireland and the two houses of the Oireachtas (Irish: Tithe an Oireachtais): a lower house called Dáil Éireann and an upper house called Seanad Éireann.

The houses of the Oireachtas sit in Leinster House in Dublin, an eighteenth-century ducal palace. The directly elected Dáil is the more powerful of the houses of the Oireachtas.
Adermakhus
Adermakhus, also known as Adirmakh or Adermalkh, was an ancient Caucasian chief of the Mahlians. His only mention is in the work of the ancient Greco-Syrian writer Lucian of Samosta, "Toxaris", also known as Friendship. According to the story, Adermakhus married the daughter of the Bosporan king Leukanor, Mazaeya, which enraged the Scythian ambassador and tax collector Arsakomas, who successfully orders the assassination of Leukanor and the kidnapping of Mazaeya. Following this, Adermakhus gathers an army and invades Scythia, but is later killed in battle by Arsakomas himself. However, it is important to note that the novel by Lucian is fiction and not based on historical records.

Nakh peoples
The Nakh peoples are a group of North Caucasian peoples identified by their use of the Nakh languages and other cultural similarities. These are chiefly the ethnic Chechen, Ingush and Bats peoples of the North Caucasus, including closely related minor or historical groups.
Aush jushpare
Aush jushpare (آش جوش پَره) is a type of aush (Iranian thick soup or stew), commonly cooked in Khorasan, Gonabad, Ferdous and Sabzevar in Iran. It is similar to the Chinese jiaozi. Historian Bayhaqi (-1077) mentioned aush jushpare in his book Tarikh-i Bayhaqi.
Aush jushpare is one of the oldest aush, but since it takes a lot of time for preparation, it is not commonly eaten now. It is rather a dish of hospitality, which people eat on the occasion of special gatherings or festivals. Traditional guest house restaurants serve aush jushpare as a local specialty. Aush jushpare was registered as intangible heritage of Iran on 5 January 2021.

Abu'l-Fadl Bayhaqi
Abūʾl-Fazl Muḥammad ibn Ḥusayn Bayhaqī (Persian: ابوالفضل محمد بن حسین بیهقی; died September 21, 1077), better known as Abu'l-Fazl Bayhaqi (ابوالفضل بیهقی; also spelled Beyhaqi), was a secretary, historian and author.

Educated in the major cultural center of Nishapur, and employed at the court of the famous Ghaznavid Sultan Mahmud, Bayhaqi was a highly cultured man, whose magnum opus—the Tarikh-i Bayhaqi, is seen as the most reliable source of valid information about the Ghaznavid era, which was written in an exquisite and vivid Persian prose that would become an ideal model for several eras.

Bayhaqi is praised by modern scholars for his frankness, precision, and elegant style in his book, which he had spent 22 years to write, finishing it in thirty volumes, of which however only five volumes and half of the sixth exist today. Julie Scott Meisami places Bayhaqi among the historians of the Islamic Golden Age.
Union Aid Abroad – APHEDA
Australian People for Health, Education and Development Abroad (APHEDA), also known as Union Aid Abroad, is a non-government organisation of the Australian union movement. The non-government organisation was established in 1984 as the international aid agency of the Australian Council of Trade Unions. APHEDA was initiated in the pursuit of global justice through “stronger union and social movements, sustainable development programs, global solidarity and support in times of crisis”  in Southeast Asia, the Pacific, the Middle East, South Africa and the Caribbean. APHEDA is also a registered charity with the Australian Charities and Not for Profits Commission.

There are four key areas in which the APHEDA organisation intends to focus on, these are dignity at work, social justice, economic equality and the realisation of human rights.

Australian Charities and Not-for-profits Commission
The Australian Charities and Not-for-profits Commission (ACNC) is the regulatory authority for charities and not-for-profit organisations within Australia. The Commission was established in December 2012 as part of the Australian Charities and Not-for-profits Commission Act 2012 passed by the federal parliament, and is responsible for registering charities and non-profit organisations, ensuring their compliance with Australian law, and for keeping a public register of registered organisations.
Mohamed Habib Bel Hadj
Mohamed Habib Bel Hadj (born 27 November 1972) is a Tunisian middle-distance runner. He competed in the men's 800 metres at the 2000 Summer Olympics.

At the 2000 Sydney Olympics, Bel Hadj placed 7th in his heat with a 1:49.14 clocking, failing to advance to the finals. On 14 September later that year, Bel Hadj ran 1:17.69 for 600 metres at a meet in Sydney. His time ranked 23rd in the world that year.

At the 2001 Mediterranean Games, Bel Hadj placed 12th overall in the qualifying round and did not make the top 8 to advance to the finals.

Bel Hadj continued his career as a masters athlete in trail running, recording a top finish at the 2014 Buis-les-Baronnies trail race.

Bel Hadj ran representing the Tunisian National Guard team in club competition.

600 metres
The 600 metres is a rarely run middle-distance running event in track and field competitions. It is most often run at high school indoor track and field competitions. It is also run at the Penn Relays.
Enisa (singer)
Enisa Nikaj (/ɛniːsɑː ˈniːkaɪ/; born March 5, 1996), known professionally as Enisa (stylized in all caps), is an American singer and songwriter. She began her music career in 2015 performing cover songs and began releasing original music in 2016. She signed to Atlantic Records and Highbridge The Label in December 2019, and competed in the American Song Contest in March 2022.

Dame Grease
Damon J. Blackman (born August 9, 1974), better known by his stage name Dame Grease or simply Grease, is an American record producer from New York City. In 1996, he gained recognition in the hip hop industry through his production work with Bad Boy and The LOX, while also establishing the sound of DMX and Ruff Ryders.
Evan Maurice Wolfe
Evan Maurice Wolfe (November 5, 1922 – May 1, 2009) was a car dealer and political figure in British Columbia. He represented Vancouver Centre from 1966 to 1972 and Vancouver-Little Mountain from 1975 to 1983 in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia as a Social Credit member.

He was born in Edmonton, Alberta, the son of Frank J. Wolfe, and was educated at the University of Alberta. He served in the Royal Canadian Air Force during World War II. In 1945, Wolfe married Phyllis Jeanne. He was defeated when he ran for reelection to the assembly in 1972. Wolfe served in the provincial cabinet as Minister of Finance, Minister of Deregulation, and as Provincial Secretary and Minister of Government Services. He died in 2009.

Wolfe also curled, and represented British Columbia at the 1959 Macdonald Brier.

Vancouver-Little Mountain
Vancouver-Little Mountain is a provincial electoral district in the Canadian province of British Columbia.

It first appeared on the hustings in the general election of 1966 as a two-member seat. It returned as a two-member seat until 1986 and became a one-member seat thereafter. After the 1996 election, the areas it comprised were redistributed. Successor ridings, roughly, were Vancouver-Fraserview, Vancouver-Mount Pleasant, Vancouver-Fairview and Vancouver-Langara.

Under the new representation order of the 2021 British Columbia electoral redistribution approved in 2023, the Vancouver-Little Mountain name was revived, with the new electoral district taking territory from the existing Vancouver-Mount Pleasant, Vancouver-Fairview, Vancouver-False Creek, Vancouver-Langara, and Vancouver-Kensington ridings.

In the 2024 British Columbia general election, it was won by NDP candidate Christine Boyle.