hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Clostridial vaccine
A clostridial vaccine is a vaccine for sheep and cattle that protects against diseases caused by toxins produced by an infection with one or more Clostridium bacteria. Clostridial vaccines are often administered to pregnant ewes a few weeks before they are due to give birth, in order to give passive immunity to their lambs. Clostridial bacteria multiply rapidly in infected sheep, and produce large amounts of toxin which can cause the sheep to die within hours.

Clostridial vaccines can contain anti-toxins to one or more endotoxins produced by the following bacteria:

Clostridium chauvoei

Clostridium haemolyticum

Clostridium novyi

Clostridium perfringens

Clostridium septicum

Clostridium sordellii

Clostridium tetani

Clostridial vaccines which protect sheep against multiple clostridial diseases have been available since the 1950s.

Paraclostridium sordellii
Paeniclostridium sordellii (formerly Clostridium sordellii) is a rare anaerobic, gram-positive, spore-forming rod with peritrichous flagella that is capable of causing pneumonia, endocarditis, arthritis, peritonitis, and myonecrosis. Paeniclostridium sordellii bacteremia and sepsis occur rarely. Most cases of sepsis from P. sordellii occur in patients with underlying conditions. Severe toxic shock syndrome among previously healthy persons has been described in a small number of P. sordellii cases, most often associated with gynecologic infections in women and infection of the umbilical stump in newborns. It has also been described in post-partum females, medically induced abortions, injection drug users and trauma cases. So far, all but three documented post-partum females who contracted P. sordellii septicaemia have died, and all but one woman who contracted the bacterium post-abortion have died .
Louisiade fantail
The Louisiade fantail (Rhipidura louisiadensis) is a species of bird in the family Rhipiduridae that is endemic to the D'Entrecasteaux Islands and the Louisiade Archipelago to the east of New Guinea.  This species was formerly considered to be a subspecies of the Australian rufous fantail (Rhipidura rufifrons).

D'Entrecasteaux Islands
D'Entrecasteaux Islands /ˌdɒntrəˈkæstoʊ/ (French: [dɑ̃tʁəkasto]) are situated near the eastern tip of New Guinea in the Solomon Sea in Milne Bay Province of Papua New Guinea. The group spans a distance of 160 km (99 mi), has a total land area of approximately 3,100 km2 (1,197 sq mi) and is separated from the Papua New Guinea mainland by the 30 km (19 mi) wide Ward Hunt Strait in the north and the 18 km (11 mi) wide Goschen Strait in the south. D'Entrecasteaux Islands show signs of volcanism.
Air sports at the 2014 Asian Beach Games
Air sports competition at the 2014 Asian Beach Games was held in Phuket, Thailand from 15 to 21 November 2014 at Chaofa Mine. The competition consisted of paragliding (accuracy competition) and paramotoring.

2014 Asian Beach Games
The Fourth Asian Beach Games were held in Phuket Island, Phuket province, Thailand. The games were originally scheduled for Boracay Island, Aklan, Philippines, but was affected by the OCA's hosting changes.

The games were held on the same year of the 17th Asian Games. It was the seventh time for Thailand to host an Asia level multi-sports event, after Bangkok held four Asian Games (1966, 1970, 1978 and 1998), one Asian Indoor Games (2005) and one Asian Martial Arts Games (2009). However, it was the first time that the event would not be held in Bangkok.
Patient trade-off
The trade-off dilemma, or patient trade-off, refers to the choice between the expected beneficial and harmful effects in terms of patient survival and quality of life for a particular medical treatment. The choice involves a trade-off so it is of central importance for the patient and the physician to have access to empirical information on established treatment benefits and side effects. Research on this issue has been done upon prostate cancer.

Quality of life
Quality of life (QOL) is defined by the World Health Organization as "an individual's perception of their position in life in the context of the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns".

Standard indicators of the quality of life include wealth, employment, the environment, physical and mental health, education, recreation and leisure time, social belonging, religious beliefs, safety, security and freedom. QOL has a wide range of contexts, including the fields of international development, healthcare, politics and employment. Health related QOL (HRQOL) is an evaluation of QOL and its relationship with health.
McMillans Road
McMillans Road is a major arterial road in the northern and eastern suburbs of Darwin, Northern Territory Australia. The road provides an access route for some of the city's most important infrastructure including Darwin International Airport, Northern Territory Institute of Sport, Marrara Oval and the headquarters and training college of the Northern Territory Police. It is also the main road access to Crocodylus Park, a major tourist attraction boasting a crocodile farm and small zoo. The road is named for the McMillan brothers as it was originally the access to pastoral leases they held in the 1920s and 1930s.

McMillans Road was extended in 1999 to provide through access to the Stuart Highway, improving access between Palmerston and Royal Darwin Hospital located in Tiwi in the northern suburbs as well as the commercial district of Casuarina.

Northern Territory Police Force
The Northern Territory Police Force is the police body that has legal jurisdiction over the Northern Territory of Australia. The police force has 1,552 police officers (2023-24 financial year) made up of 87 senior sergeants, 293 sergeants, 868 constables, 182 auxiliaries, and 55 Aboriginal Community Police Officers. The rest of the positions are officers of commissioned rank. It also has a civilian staff working across the NT Police, Fire and Emergency Services.

Police in the Northern Territory are part of a tri-service: the Northern Territory Police, Fire and Emergency Services with the Commissioner of Police as the CEO of the tri-service.
Kalyanji Virji Shah
Kalyanji Virji Shah (30 June 1928 – 24 August 2000) was the Kalyanji of the Kalyanji-Anandji duo. He and his brother Anandji Virji Shah have been famous Indian film musicians, and won the 1975 Filmfare Award for Best Music Director, for Kora Kagaz.  He is a recipient of the civilian honour of Padma Shri (1992), India's fourth-highest civilian honour.

Filmfare Award for Best Music Director
The Filmfare Award for Best Music Director is given by the Filmfare magazine as part of its annual Filmfare Awards for Hindi films, to the best composer/arranger of a soundtrack. Filmfare award is the most prestigious award in India for Music Directors apart from the National Award. This category was first presented in 1954. Naushad Ali was the first recipient of this award for his song "Tu Ganga Ki Mauj" from the film Baiju Bawra. For the first two years, it was awarded to the composer for a particular song and not the entire album. From 1956 onwards, awards in this category have been given for the entire soundtrack. From 2017, the name of this was category changed from best music direction to music album.
Non-repudiation
In law, non-repudiation is a situation where a statement's author cannot successfully dispute its authorship or the validity of an associated contract. The term is often seen in a legal setting when the authenticity of a signature is being challenged. In such an instance, the authenticity is being "repudiated".

For example, Mallory buys a cell phone for $100, writes a paper cheque as payment, and signs the cheque with a pen.  Later, she finds that she can't afford it, and claims that the cheque is a forgery.  The signature guarantees that only Mallory could have signed the cheque, and so Mallory's bank must pay the cheque.  This is non-repudiation; Mallory cannot repudiate the cheque. In practice, pen-and-paper signatures are not hard to forge, but digital signatures can be very hard to break.

Cheque fraud
Cheque fraud or check fraud (American English) is a category of criminal acts that involve making the unlawful use of cheques to illegally acquire or borrow funds that do not exist within the account balance or account-holder's legal ownership. Most methods involve taking advantage of the float (the time between the negotiation of the cheque and its clearance at the cheque writer's financial institution) to draw out these funds. Specific kinds of cheque fraud include cheque kiting, where funds are deposited before the end of the float period to cover the fraud, and paper hanging, where the float offers the opportunity to write fraudulent cheques but the account is never replenished.
Khwasak
Khwasak (Parthian: 𐭇𐭅𐭎𐭊‎) was at the beginning of the 3rd century AD, the Satrap of Susa under the Parthian king Artabanus IV.

Khwasak is known from a stela found at Susa. The function of the stela is unknown but it might have been a tomb stone. The stela shows Khwasak and the king, who is handing over the ring of power to Khwasak. The Parthian text informs us that the stela was set up in the year AD 215. Susa was most likely in the 2nd century more or less an independent state. The inscription on the stela demonstrates that the city became at the beginning of the 3rd century again part of the Parthian empire with Khwasak as governor under king Artabanus IV.

Artabanus IV of Parthia
Artabanus IV, also known as Ardavan IV (Parthian: 𐭓𐭕𐭐𐭍), incorrectly known in older scholarship as Artabanus V, was the last monarch of the Parthian Empire from c. 213 to 224. He was the younger son of Vologases V, who died in 208.

Artabanus IV rebelled against his brother, Vologases VI, a few years after the latter succeeded their father as king. He was able to take control of most of the Parthian territories, although his brother continued to rule over a reduced principality. He fought off an invasion by the Roman emperor Caracalla in 217, preserving Parthian control over most of Mesopotamia. He then faced a rebellion in Persis by Ardashir, a local dynast. Artabanus's and Ardashir's armies met in April 224 at the Battle of Hormozdgan, where Artabanus was killed and his army was defeated. Ardashir then went on to conquer the rest of the Parthian Empire, inaugurating the rule of the Sasanian dynasty over Iran.
C-4 (Cercanías Madrid)
The C-4 is a line and rail service of Cercanías Madrid commuter rail network, operated by Renfe Operadora. It runs from Colmenar Viejo and Alcobendas – San Sebastián de los Reyes north of Madrid to Parla south of Madrid. The C-4 shares tracks for part of its length with Madrid commuter rail service line C-3 through the city of Madrid. The line has been in operation since 1981.

San Sebastián de los Reyes
San Sebastián de los Reyes (Spanish: [san seβasˈtjan de los ˈreʝes] ⓘ, colloquially called "Sanse") is a municipality in the Community of Madrid, Spain. Founded in 1492, it is located 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of Madrid.
Tommy Pistol
Aramis Sartorio (born 2 July 1976), better known by his stage name Tommy Pistol, is an American pornographic actor and director. He is known for his porn parody work, most notably as the lead actor in Evil Head, Pee-Wee's XXX Adventure: A Porn Parody, Taxi Driver: A XXX Parody, and Suicide Squad: An Axel Braun Parody.

Jurassic City
Jurassic City is a 2015 American independent fantasy film written, edited, and directed by Sean Cain. The film, produced by Anthony Fankhauser, stars Ray Wise, Kevin Gage, Vernon Wells, Robert LaSardo, Dana Melanie, Sofia Mattsson, Kayla Carlyle, Monique Parent, and Jack Forcinito.

The film was released direct-to-DVD on January 9, 2015, in Japan, and on February 3 in the United States. The film is a mockbuster of the Jurassic Park series.
Naungkut, Naungkan
Naungkut (Burmese: နောင်ကွတ်) is a village in western Banmauk Township, Katha District, in the Sagaing Region of northern Myanmar. It is located about 2 miles (3.2 km) northeast of Naungkan in the Uyu River basin. It is located within the Naungkan village tract.

Uyu River
24°51′N 94°57′E﻿ / ﻿24.850°N 94.950°E﻿ / 24.850; 94.950
The Uyu River, also pronounced Uru River (Uyu Chaung in Burmese), is a river in northern Myanmar, formerly Burma. It is a major tributary of the Chindwin River, itself the largest tributary of the country's chief river, the Ayeyarwady. Its source lies in the Hukawng Valley of Kachin State, and it takes a southwesterly course through a fertile and well irrigated valley. It enters the Chindwin on the left bank at Homalin in Sagaing Division.
Clarkson–Legg Covered Bridge
The Clarkson–Legg Covered Bridge, more simply known as Clarkson Covered Bridge, is a county-owned wooden covered bridge that spans Crooked Creek in Cullman County, Alabama, United States. It is located at Clarkson Covered Bridge Park on County Road 1043 (CR 1043) off U.S. Route 278 near the community of Bethel, about 8 mi (13 km) west of Cullman.

Originally built in 1904, the 270-foot (82 m) bridge (although some other sources say the bridge is only 250 ft long) is a Town lattice truss construction over four spans. The Clarkson–Legg Covered Bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on June 25, 1974.  It is currently the second longest existing historic covered bridge in Alabama and third longest overall in the state after the 334-foot (102 m) Twin Creek Covered Bridge in Midway, Alabama and 324-foot (99 m) Swann Covered Bridge in Cleveland, Alabama.  The bridge is maintained by the Cullman County Commission.

Lattice truss bridge
A lattice truss bridge is a form of truss bridge that uses many small, closely spaced diagonal elements forming a lattice. The design was patented in 1820 by architect Ithiel Town.

Originally a means of erecting a substantial bridge from mere planks employing lower–skilled labor, rather than heavy timbers and more expensive carpenters and equipment, the lattice truss has also been constructed using many relatively light iron or steel members. The individual elements are more easily handled by the construction workers, but the bridge also requires substantial support during construction. A simple lattice truss will transform the applied loads into a thrust, as the bridge will tend to change length under load. This is resisted by pinning the lattice members to the top and bottom chords, which are more substantial than the lattice members, but which may also be fabricated from relatively small elements rather than large beams.
1956–57 Liga Alef
The 1956–57 Liga Alef season saw Hapoel Kfar Saba win the title. originally, the top two clubs were due to gain promotion to Liga Leumit. However, due to irregularities during the season, an IFA committee decided to hold a promotion play-off between the top five clubs at the end of the season.

Hapoel Kfar Saba F.C.
Hapoel Kfar Saba F.C. (Hebrew: מועדון כדורגל הפועל כפר סבא, Moadon Kaduregel Hapoel Kfar Saba) is an Israeli football club based in Kfar Saba. The club competes in the Liga Leumit and plays home matches at Levita Stadium.
Piano Concerto No. 2 (Lindberg)
The Piano Concerto No. 2 is a composition for solo piano and orchestra by the Finnish composer Magnus Lindberg.  The work was jointly commissioned by the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra, the Gothenburg Symphony Orchestra, and the New York Philharmonic, for which Lindberg was then composer-in-residence.  It was given its world premiere at Avery Fisher Hall on May 3, 2012 by the pianist Yefim Bronfman and the New York Philharmonic under the direction of Alan Gilbert.

David Geffen Hall
David Geffen Hall is a concert hall at Lincoln Center on the Upper West Side of Manhattan in New York City. The 2,200-seat auditorium opened in 1962, and is the home of the New York Philharmonic.

The facility, designed by Max Abramovitz, was originally named Philharmonic Hall and was renamed Avery Fisher Hall in honor of philanthropist Avery Fisher, who donated $10.5 million ($74 million today) to the orchestra in 1973.  In November 2014, Lincoln Center officials announced Fisher's name would be removed from the Hall so that naming rights could be sold to the highest bidder as part of a $500 million fund-raising campaign to refurbish the Hall.  In 2015, the Hall acquired its present name after David Geffen donated $100 million to Lincoln Center.
Ricardo Torres Origel
Ricardo Torres Origel (8 September 1956 – 24 April 2016) was a Mexican politician affiliated with the PAN. He served as a Senator of the LX and LXI Legislatures of the Mexican Congress representing Guanajuato. He also served as federal deputy during the LVIII Legislature, as well as a local deputy in the LVII Legislature of the Congress of Guanajuato.

LXI Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LXI Legislature of the Congress of the Union, the 61st session of the Congress of Mexico, met from 1 September 2009 to 31 August 2012. Members of the upper house of the Congress were selected in the elections of July 2006 while members of the lower house of the Congress were selected in the elections of July 2009.
Grigory Motovilov
Grigory Motovilov (born February 7, 1998) is a Russian professional basketball player for Avtodor Saratov of the VTB United League. He played for Lokomotiv Kuban of the VTB United League and the EuroCup, as well as the Russian national basketball team Motovilov signed with BC Izhevsk of the Russian Basketball Super League 1 on December 17, 2021.

BC Avtodor
BC Avtodor (Russian: БК «Автодор» Саратов), commonly known as simply Avtodor and internationally as Avtodor Saratov, is a Russian professional basketball club based in Saratov. It plays in the VTB United League, the highest level of Russian basketball. In early 2022, after the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Americans D. J. Funderburk and Grant Jerrett and Canadians Kenny Chery and Philip Scrubb left the team.
Taenidia (plant)
Taenidia is a small genus of flowering plants in the carrot family, commonly known as pimpernels. This genus is native only to eastern North America.

This genus consists of somewhat delicate perennials that flower in late spring and early summer.

Apiaceae
Apiaceae (/ˌeɪpiˈeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/ ⓘ), also called Umbelliferae, is a family of mostly aromatic flowering plants named after the type genus Apium, and commonly known as the celery, carrot, or parsley family, or simply as umbellifers. It is the 16th-largest family of flowering plants, with more than 3,800 species in about 446 genera, including such well-known, and economically important plants as ajwain, angelica, anise, asafoetida, caraway, carrot, celery, chervil, coriander, cumin, dill, fennel, lovage, cow parsley, parsley, parsnip and sea holly, as well as silphium, a plant whose exact identity is unclear and which may be extinct.

The family Apiaceae includes a significant number of phototoxic species, such as giant hogweed, and a smaller number of highly poisonous species, such as poison hemlock, water hemlock, spotted cowbane, fool's parsley, and various species of water dropwort.
Madhkaul
Madhkaul, known as Madh Kaul is a village located beneath the Panchayat of Jafarpur in the Sitamarhi district of Bihar, India. A government secondary school is situated at the southern edge of the village. Madhkaul has a population of around 2,068. Emigration to larger metropolitan cities has had a major influence on the village's population size and composition.

Madhkaul's economy is predominantly agrarian. The soil is composed of predominantly fertile alluvium due to augmentation by deposition from the annual monsoonal flood of the Bagmati River. Situated between two streams, Madhkaul is prone to flooding. In 2000, a breach of the Pragmatic River's embankment inundated Madhkaul along with a vast area of Samaritan and Muzaffarpur districts.

Members of various castes are present in the town, including Brahman tola, Rasputin tole, tat-ma toll, titular tole, thank tole, Muslim tole, and eastern isolated Brahman tola.

Muzaffarpur district
Muzaffarpur district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state, India. Muzaffarpur district is part of and also the headquarters of Tirhut division. Muzaffarpur district is the financial and un-official capital of North Bihar Tirhut is the ancient name of all of northern Bihar.
2017 Women's PGA Championship
The 2017 KPMG Women's PGA Championship was the 63rd Women's PGA Championship, played June 29 – July 2 at Olympia Fields Country Club in Olympia Fields, Illinois, a suburb south of Chicago. Known as the LPGA Championship through 2014, it was the second of five major championships on the LPGA Tour during the 2017 season.

Danielle Kang won the championship for her first professional win, one stroke ahead of defending champion Brooke Henderson.

Olympia Fields hosted the PGA Championship in 1925 and 1961, and the U.S. Open in 1928 and 2003. It has also been the site of the U.S. Senior Open (1997) and the U.S. Amateur (2015).

Golf Channel and NBC Sports televised the Women's PGA for the third consecutive year.

Olympia Fields, Illinois
Olympia Fields is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States. The population was 4,718 as of the 2020 census. It is a southern suburb of Chicago. The municipality grew up around the prestigious Olympia Fields Country Club, originally established in 1915.

Olympia Fields is noteworthy as one of the wealthiest and best educated, majority African-American communities in the United States. The village's zip code (60461) is one of three majority African American communities which rank among the top five percent in the U.S. for median household income and share of adults with college degrees, and Olympia Fields also has the highest black homeownership rate in the country among majority-black municipalities.
Vanguard Building
The Vanguard Building, formerly known as the Malaysia Publishing House Building, or simply the MPH Building, is a historic building on the corner of Armenian Street and Stamford Road. It initially housed the Methodist Publishing House. Since 2014, it has been leased to the Singapore Management University.

Armenian Street, Singapore
Armenian Street (Chinese: 亚米尼亚街) is a street in Central Singapore located in the Museum Planning Area. The street covers a short distance that starts from Coleman Street and ends at the junction of Stamford Road and Waterloo Street. The road houses a couple of landmarks including The Substation and the Old Tao Nan School which is the Peranakan Museum, part of the Asian Civilisations Museum. The museum officially opened in 2008.
Barrett–Chumney House
Barrett–Chumney House is a historic plantation house near Amelia Court House, Amelia County, in the U.S. state of Virginia. The house was largely built about 1823, and is a two-story, five-bay frame central-hall building with weatherboarded exterior and hipped standing-seam metal roof. It is a Federal-style I-house with a notable Federal-style door surround. The house was remodeled in about 1859, with the addition of Greek Revival elements.  Also on the property are a contributing tobacco barn, two sheds, and a carriage house/garage.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2011. It is also on the Virginia Department of Historic Resources list of historic African American sites in Virginia.

Central-passage house
The central-passage house, also known variously as central hall plan house, center-hall house, hall-passage-parlor house, Williamsburg cottage, and Tidewater-type cottage, was a vernacular, or folk form, house type from the colonial period onward into the 19th century in the United States.