hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Relation network
A relation network (RN) is an artificial neural network component with a structure that can reason about relations among objects. An example category of such relations is spatial relations (above, below, left, right, in front of, behind).

RNs can infer relations, they are data efficient, and they operate on a set of objects without regard to the objects' order.

Spatial relation
A spatial relation specifies how some object is located in space in relation to some reference object. When the reference object is much bigger than the object to locate, the latter is often represented by a point. The reference object is often represented by a bounding box.

In Anatomy it might be the case that a spatial relation is not fully applicable. Thus, the degree of applicability is defined which specifies from 0 till 100% how strongly a spatial relation holds. Often researchers concentrate on defining the applicability function for various spatial relations.

In spatial databases and geospatial topology the spatial relations are used for spatial analysis and constraint specifications.

In cognitive development for walk and for catch objects, or for understand objects-behaviour; in robotic Natural Features Navigation; and many other areas, spatial relations plays a central role.

Commonly used types of spatial relations are: topological, directional and distance relations.
Nikolai Ovchinnikov
Nikolai Vasilyevich Ovchinnikov (Russian: Николай Васильевич Овчинников; 14 October 1918 – February 2004) was a Russian painter and professor. An ethnic Chuvash, he was the People's Artist of Russia and Chuvashia and Member of the National Academy of Sciences and Arts of the Chuvash Republic.

People's Artist
People's Artist is an honorary title in the Soviet Union, Union republics, in some other Eastern bloc states (and communist states in general), as well as in a number of post-Soviet states, modeled after the title of the People's Artist of the USSR.
Thom space
In mathematics, the Thom space, Thom complex, or Pontryagin–Thom construction (named after René Thom and Lev Pontryagin) of algebraic topology and differential topology is a topological space associated to a vector bundle, over any paracompact space.

Lev Pontryagin
Lev Semyonovich Pontryagin (Russian: Лев Семёнович Понтрягин, also written Pontriagin or Pontrjagin, first name sometimes anglicized as Leon) (3 September 1908 – 3 May 1988) was a Soviet mathematician. Completely blind from the age of 14, he made major discoveries in a number of fields of mathematics, including algebraic topology, differential topology and optimal control.
Schweich an der Römischen Weinstraße
Schweich an der Römischen Weinstraße is a Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the Trier-Saarburg district, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

It is located in the northeast of Trier and consists of the town of Schweich on the Moselle and the 18 Ortsgemeinden ("local municipalities") of Bekond, Detzem, Ensch, Fell, Föhren, Kenn, Klüsserath, Köwerich, Leiwen, Longen, Longuich, Mehring, Naurath, Pölich, Riol, Schleich, Thörnich and Trittenheim.

Longuich
Longuich (German pronunciation: [ˈlɔŋɡɪç]) is a municipality in the Trier-Saarburg district, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It lies on the river Moselle.
A part of Longuich is Kirsch.

It was the birthplace of Theodore Nesser, father of the Nesser Brothers of the National Football League, who played for the now defunct Columbus Panhandles in the 1920s.
Tkhtml
Tkhtml is a discontinued open-source browser engine written in C using the Tk widget toolkit. It was used primarily by the Html Viewer 3 (Hv3) minimalist web browser.

Version 1 was written using the XF application builder, but because of functionality reasons this part was rewritten. In 2006, it was announced that a public build of Tkhtml Alpha 10 had passed the Acid2 test.

To run Tkhtml, the Tcl/Tk framework needed to be installed. Then the standard wish interpreter needed to be replaced by the wwwish interpreter to use the WYSIWYG previewing function. Tkhtml can still be run through the use of bindings to other programming languages. The TkinterWeb package, for example, can be used to embed Tkhtml in Python Tkinter applications.

Widget toolkit
A widget toolkit, widget library, GUI toolkit, GUI framework, UI framework, or UX library is a library or a collection of libraries containing a set of graphical control elements (called widgets) used to construct the graphical user interface (GUI) of programs.

Most widget toolkits additionally include their own rendering engine. This engine can be specific to a certain operating system or windowing system or contain back-ends to interface with multiple ones and also with rendering APIs such as OpenGL, OpenVG, or EGL.
The look and feel of the graphical control elements can be hard-coded or decoupled, allowing the graphical control elements to be themed/skinned.
Julie Ronnie
Julie Ronnie (born March 21, 1963) is an American television actress. She is known for playing the role of Laken Lockridge in the American television soap opera Santa Barbara.

Ronnie was born in Torrance, California. Ronnie attended at Redondo Union High School, and was an exchange student in Japan. While at high school she started appearing in commercials. Ronnie began her career in 1984, playing the role of Laken Lockridge in Santa Barbara. Her final appearance on Santa Barbara was on September 12, 1985, after which she guest-starred on television programs including Dallas, The Love Boat, Trapper John, M.D., Hotel, T.J. Hooker, Matlock, Knight Rider and Private Eye .

In 1989, Ronnie joined the cast of the medical drama television series HeartBeat, in its second season.

Medical drama
A medical drama is a television movie or film in which events center upon a hospital, clinic, doctor's office, a paramedic, or any other medical topic or environment. Most recent medical dramatic programming goes beyond the events pertaining to the characters' jobs and portray some aspects of their personal lives. The longest running prime-time medical drama in the world is the British series Casualty, airing since 1986, and the longest running medical soap opera is General Hospital, running since 1963.
Global alert
Global alert is used as the global radio-communications network during times of international crises or threats to international security. Global Alerts are also issued by agencies such as the World Health Organization (WHO), when there is a perceived threat of an international pandemic, (global epidemic), such as the threat of a SARS, (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome), pandemic during March 2003, due to its high contagion level which was rapidly spread by travelers sharing international flights. The global alert released by the World Health Organization regarding the SARS outbreak and its rapid contagion saved many lives: The alert about the disease, precautionary measures, and preventive measures to be taken by individuals, including specific hygiene information needed to arrest the spread of SARS was communicated instantly throughout the world.

Telecommunications network
A telecommunications network is a group of nodes interconnected by telecommunications links that are used to exchange messages between the nodes. The links may use a variety of technologies based on the methodologies of circuit switching, message switching, or packet switching to pass messages and signals.

Multiple nodes may cooperate to pass a message from an originating node to a destination node via multiple network hops. For this routing function, each node in the network is assigned a network address for identification and locating it on the network. The collection of addresses in the network is called the address space of the network.

Examples of telecommunications networks include computer networks, the Internet, the public switched telephone network (PSTN), the global Telex network, the aeronautical ACARS network, and the wireless radio networks of cell phone telecommunication providers.
2017 Lombard autonomy referendum
The 2017 Lombard autonomy referendum took place on 22 October in Lombardy, Italy.

The poll was not binding, but it might have consequences in terms of negotiations between the Italian government and Lombardy as the regional government will ask for more devolved powers since the "yes" won. Neighbouring Veneto also held a similar referendum on 22 October. Both President of Lombardy Roberto Maroni and President of Veneto Luca Zaia are members of Lega Nord (LN) and more specifically of Lega Lombarda and Liga Veneta, respectively. The LN is a strong proponent of federal reform, but in this case the referendums are also supported by the Five Star Movement.

Roberto Maroni
Roberto Ernesto Maroni (Italian pronunciation: [roˈbɛrto maˈroːni]; 15 March 1955 – 22 November 2022) was an Italian politician from Varese and a past President of Lombardy. He was the leader of the Northern League, a party seeking autonomy or independence for Northern Italy or Padania. From 1992 to 2013 he was a Member of the Chamber of Deputies of the Italian Republic, always elected in Lombard constituencies. He served as Deputy Prime Minister of the Italian Republic in the Berlusconi I executive, from 1994 to 1995. He was Interior Minister of the Italian Republic from 1994 to 1995, and from 2008 to 2011. He was Labour Minister of the Italian Republic from 2001 to 2006.
Saturnalia (Macrobius)
Saturnalia (Latin: Saturnaliorum Libri Septem, "Seven Books of the Saturnalia") is a work written after c. 431 CE by the Roman provincial Macrobius. The Saturnalia consists of an account of the discussions held at the house of Vettius Agorius Praetextatus during the holiday of the Saturnalia. It contains a great variety of curious historical, mythological, critical, antiquarian and grammatical discussions.

Servius the Grammarian
Servius, distinguished as Servius the Grammarian (Latin: Servius or Seruius Grammaticus), was a late fourth-century and early fifth-century grammarian. He earned a contemporary reputation as the most learned man of his generation in Italy. He authored a set of commentaries on the works of Virgil; these works, In Tria Virgilii Opera Expositio ("Exposition on Three Works of Virgil"), Commentarii in Virgilium ("Commentaries on Virgil"), Commentarii in Vergilii Opera ("Commentaries on the Works of Vergil"), or Vergilii Carmina Commentarii ("Commentaries on the Poems of Virgil"), constituted the first incunable to be printed at Florence, by Bernardo Cennini, in 1471.

In the Saturnalia of Macrobius, Servius appears as one of the interlocutors; allusions in that work and a letter from Symmachus to Servius indicate that he was not a convert to Christianity.
Startup Poland
52°13′3.16″N 21°0′57.186″E﻿ / ﻿52.2175444°N 21.01588500°E﻿ / 52.2175444; 21.01588500

The Startup Poland Foundation (Polish: Fundacja Startup Poland) is a Polish think tank and a non-governmental organization established to raise awareness of the economic potential of startup companies among the public administration, and to represent the Polish startup community in the regulatory processes.

The organization was set up by a group of local entrepreneurs, lawyers, researchers, and investors. Since April 2020, the Foundation is directed by the chief executive Tomasz Snażyk.

Advocacy
Advocacy is the set of activities by individuals or groups intended to influence decisions within political, economic, and social institutions. It encompasses tactics ranging from grassroots organizing and media campaigns to lobbying, strategic litigation, and coalition-building, and aims to change laws, budgets, institutional practices, and public opinion. Advocacy can include many activities that a person or organization undertakes, including media campaigns, public speaking, commissioning and publishing research. Lobbying (often by lobby groups) is a form of advocacy where a direct approach is made to legislators on a specific issue or specific piece of legislation. Research has started to address how advocacy groups in the United States and Canada are using social media to facilitate civic engagement and collective action.
2016 Montana gubernatorial election
The 2016 Montana gubernatorial election took place on November 8, 2016, to elect the governor and lieutenant governor of Montana, concurrently with the presidential election, as well as elections to the United States Senate and elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections.

Incumbent Democratic governor Steve Bullock won re-election to a second term in office with 50.3% of the vote by a 3.9% margin, defeating Republican Greg Gianforte, who later won Montana's governorship in 2020 when Bullock was term-limited.

In the concurrent presidential election, Hillary Clinton lost Montana by more than 20%, with Bullock thus over-performing her vote share by more than 14% and her margin of defeat by more than 24%.

As of 2025 this is the most recent election where a Democrat won the Governor's office and/or a state level office.

Rick Hill
Richard Allan Hill (born December 30, 1946) is an American politician and businessman who served as a member of the United States House of Representatives from Montana. He was the Republican nominee for Governor of Montana in 2012.
Dare Wilson Barracks
Dare Wilson Barracks, is a military installation in Hexham, Northumberland, England. The building is named after Major General Dare Wilson who was commissioned into the Royal Northumberland Fusiliers and commanded 22 Special Air Service Regiment in the early 1960s.

Dare Wilson
Major General Ronald Dare Wilson, CBE, MC (3 August 1919 – 15 August 2014) was a senior British Army officer, author, and park warden. He was decorated during World War II, commanded 22 Special Air Service Regiment in the early 1960s and ended his military career as Director of Army Aviation. He was instrumental in introducing attack helicopters and high-altitude military parachuting to the British military. In retirement, he served as the National Park Officer (equivalent to Chief executive) of Exmoor National Park.
B74 (New York City bus)
The Norton's Point Line is a public transit line in Brooklyn, New York City, formerly running mostly along a private right-of-way between Stillwell Avenue station and Sea Gate. Originally a streetcar line, it is now the B74 Mermaid Avenue bus route operated by the New York City Transit Authority.

New York City Transit Authority
The New York City Transit Authority (also known as NYCTA, the TA, or simply Transit, and branded as MTA New York City Transit) is a public-benefit corporation in the U.S. state of New York that operates public transportation in New York City. Part of the Metropolitan Transportation Authority, the busiest and largest transit system in North America, the NYCTA has a daily ridership of 8 million trips (over 2.5 billion annually).

The NYCTA operates the following systems:

New York City Subway, a rapid transit system serving Manhattan, the Bronx, Brooklyn, and Queens

Staten Island Railway, a rapid transit line on Staten Island (operated by the subsidiary Staten Island Rapid Transit Operating Authority)

New York City Bus, an extensive bus network serving all five boroughs (operated by the subsidiary MTA Regional Bus Operations)
Ivar Aarseth
Ivar Aarseth (5 October 1889 – 31 July 1972) was a Norwegian politician.

He was born in Veøy Municipality to farmers Knut Aarseth and Oline Horsgaard. He was elected representative to the Storting for the periods 1925–1927, 1928–1930, 1934–1936 and 1937–1945, for the Labour Party. During the German occupation of Norway, he was imprisoned and held at the Berg internment camp from October 1944 to March 1945.

Berg concentration camp
Berg interneringsleir (Berg internment camp) was a concentration camp near Tønsberg in Norway that served as an internment and transit center for political prisoners and Jews during the Nazi occupation of Norway.
Mons Bradley
Mons Bradley is a lunar mountain massif in the Montes Apenninus range, along the eastern edge of the Mare Imbrium. It is located to the west of the crater Conon. To the west of this peak is the Rima Bradley rille. (See below.)

The selenographic coordinates of this peak are 21°44′N 0°23′E﻿ / ﻿21.73°N 0.38°E﻿ / 21.73; 0.38. It has a maximum diameter of 30 km across the base, and rises to a height of about 4.2 km. It is named after the English astronomer James Bradley (1692–1762).

James Bradley
James Bradley FRS (September 1692 – 13 July 1762) was an English astronomer and priest who served as the third Astronomer Royal from 1742. He is best known for two fundamental discoveries in astronomy, the aberration of light (1725–1728), and the nutation of the Earth's axis (1728–1748).

These two discoveries were called "the most brilliant and useful of the century" by Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre, historian of astronomy, mathematical astronomer and director of the Paris Observatory. In his History of astronomy in the 18th century (1821), Delambre stated:

"It is to these two discoveries by Bradley that we owe the exactness of modern astronomy. ... This double service assures to their discoverer the most distinguished place (after Hipparchus and Kepler) above the greatest astronomers of all ages and all countries."
Shea Farrell
Edward Leo "Shea" Farrell III is an American actor and producer best known for playing Mark Danning in Aaron Spelling's series, Hotel.

Shea Farrell was born October 21, 1957, in Cornwall, New York, to Edward Leo, Jr. and Mary Rose (née Drummey) Farrell. He attended Portsmouth Abbey School in Portsmouth, Rhode Island. He originally planned to be a professional football player.

Shea switched from acting to production work in 1997. He worked on The Practice, Ally McBeal, Boston Public and Boston Legal, all produced by David E. Kelley. He now works in films and on television as an assistant director and unit production manager. He has been a Unit Production Manager at Sony Entertainment's New Media Division/Crackle.com since 2008.

David E. Kelley
David Edward Kelley (born April 4, 1956) is an American television writer, producer, and former attorney. He has created and/or produced a number of television series including Doogie Howser, M.D., Picket Fences, Chicago Hope, The Practice and its spin-off Boston Legal, Ally McBeal, Boston Public, Goliath, Big Little Lies, and Big Sky. Kelley is one of very few screenwriters to have created shows that have aired on all four top commercial American television networks (ABC, CBS, Fox, and NBC) as well as cable giant HBO.
Bunjil's Shelter
Bunjil's Shelter, also known as Bunjil's Cave, is an Aboriginal sacred site in the Grampians region of Australia near Stawell. It contains a painting of Bunjil and two dingos or dogs.

It is the only known rock art site to represent Bunjil, the creator-being in many Koori cultures.

It is one of the most significant Aboriginal cultural sites in south-eastern Australia.

The shelter lies within the Black Range Scenic Reserve (not to be confused with the Black Range State Park), about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) south of Stawell. It is a small shelter at the base of a large granite boulder. It has been known to European locals since 1911 and the general public since 1957. It has long been fenced off due to repeated vandalism.

Indigenous Australian art
Indigenous Australian art includes art made by Aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islanders, including collaborations with others. It includes works in a wide range of media including painting on leaves, bark painting, wood carving, rock carving, watercolour painting, sculpting, ceremonial clothing and sandpainting. The traditional visual symbols vary widely among the differing peoples' traditions, despite the common mistaken perception that dot painting is representative of all Aboriginal art.
1993–94 National Hurling League
The 1993–94 National Hurling League was the 63rd edition of the National Hurling League, which ran from 17 October 1993 until 8 May 1994.

Thirty-two teams participated in the league, comprising four divisions of eight teams. Two points were awarded for a win and one point was awarded for a drawn game. The knock-out phase featured the top four teams from division one and the top two teams from division two.

Tipperary won the league, beating Galway by 2–14 to 0–12 in the final.

Waterford GAA
The Waterford County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Irish: Cumann Lúthchleas Gael Coiste Phort Láirge) or Waterford GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for all levels of Gaelic games in County Waterford. The County Board is also responsible for the Waterford county teams. The county board's offices are based at Walsh Park in the city of Waterford. The Waterford County Board was founded in 1886.

Hurling is the dominant sport, with the county having won the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (SHC) on two occasions: in 1948 and 1959. While football is the secondary sport in the county, it is widely played nonetheless. Waterford's greatest footballing achievement was reaching the 1898 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final, which the team lost to Dublin.
Delusional intuition
Delusional intuition is an illusion in the context of the intuitive rather than an experience of false intuition. The person experiences something that resembles the intuitive, but instead, the experience is qualified as delirious. This illusion is also described as autochthonous.

This description, in abnormal behavior, and communicated in abnormal speech, is translated from the German Wahneinfall. Delusional is, specifically, a false, capricious or whimsical opinion.

Delirious intuition is a relevant term for the fields of psychiatry and psychology and describes the expression of thoughts that have no apparent basis in inference. It usually happens in a clinical setting, is apparently impossible or improbable in the sense that the semantic relationships of the subjects within the content of speech they have no basis in reality, that is, it is from a thought that is delirious.

Intuition
Intuition is the ability to acquire knowledge without recourse to conscious reasoning or needing an explanation. Different fields use the word "intuition" in very different ways, including but not limited to: direct access to unconscious knowledge; unconscious cognition; gut feelings; inner sensing; inner insight to unconscious pattern-recognition; and the ability to understand something instinctively, without any need for conscious reasoning. Intuitive knowledge tends to be approximate or heuristic.

The word intuition comes from the Latin verb intueri translated as 'consider' or from the Late Middle English word intuit, 'to contemplate'. Use of intuition is sometimes referred to as responding to a "gut feeling" or "trusting your gut".
Bu Thiam
Abou "Bu" Thiam is an American record executive. He is the brother of the singer Akon.

Thiam managed Kanye West from 2020 until February 2022.

In April 2022, Thiam joined Columbia Records as executive vice president.

In February 2025, Thiam formed a partnership between his BuVision label and Atlantic Music Group which will have his artists released and marketed through Atlantic.

Atlantic Music Group
Atlantic Music Group (formerly known as Atlantic Records Group until October 2024) is an umbrella label owned by Warner Music Group. It consists of three major labels: 300 Entertainment, 10K Projects, and Atlantic Records. The CEO is Elliot Grainge. In total, the label group has nearly three hundred artists on its roster.