hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Volterra
Volterra (Italian pronunciation: [volˈtɛrra]; Latin: Volaterrae) is a walled mountaintop town in the Tuscany region of Italy. Its history dates from before the 8th century BC and it has substantial structures from the Etruscan, Roman, and Medieval periods.

Pazzi conspiracy
The Pazzi conspiracy (Italian: Congiura dei Pazzi) was a failed plot by members of the Pazzi family and others to displace the Medici family as rulers of Renaissance Florence.: 151

On 26 April 1478 (Easter Sunday) there was an attempt to assassinate Lorenzo de' Medici and his brother Giuliano. Lorenzo was wounded but survived; Giuliano was killed.

More than eighty people implicated in the plot were executed, some by hanging from the windows of the Palazzo della Signoria. The surviving Pazzi family members were banished from Florence.
Muscari pseudomuscari
Muscari pseudomuscari, synonym Pseudomuscari chalusicum, the Chalus grape hyacinth, is a species of flowering plant in the squill subfamily Scilloideae of the asparagus  family Asparagaceae. It is native to northern Iran, where Chalus County is located. Growing to about 15 cm (5.9 in) in height, it is a bulbous perennial with floppy, curved leaves sitting close to the ground, and small clusters of bell-shaped flowers on erect stems, appearing in mid-spring. The flower colour is pale blue at the tip, shading downwards to a darker blue. Unlike some other Muscari species, it does not spread rapidly.

In cultivation in the United Kingdom it has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. It requires a sunny position in well-drained soil, and is hardy in most places in the UK - down to about −15 cm (−5.9 in).

Bulb
In botany, a bulb is a short underground stem with fleshy leaves or leaf bases that function as food storage organs during dormancy. In gardening, plants with other kinds of storage organ are also called ornamental bulbous plants or just bulbs.
Marga Höffgen
Marga Anna Johanna Höffgen (26 April 1921 – 7 July 1995) was a German contralto, known for singing oratorios, especially the Passions by Johann Sebastian Bach, and operatic parts such as Erda in Wagner's Der Ring des Nibelungen, performed at the Bayreuth Festival and Covent Garden Opera in London between 1960 and 1975.

Contralto
A contralto (Italian pronunciation: [konˈtralto]) is a classical female singing voice whose vocal range is the lowest of their voice types.

The contralto voice type is fairly rare. A contralto's range is similar to that of a mezzo-soprano, and almost identical to that of a countertenor – typically from the F below middle C (F3 in scientific pitch notation) to the second F above middle C (F5), although, at the extremes, some voices can reach the D below middle C (D3) or the second B♭ above middle C (B♭5). The contralto voice type includes coloratura, lyric, and dramatic contraltos.
Bolzano/Bozen railway station
Bolzano/Bozen railway station (IATA: BZQ) (Italian: Stazione di Bolzano, German: Bozen Bahnhof) is the main station of Bolzano, capital of the autonomous province of South Tyrol, in northeastern Italy.

The station was opened in 1859 by the Austrian Empire's Südbahn. It is located on the trans-Alpine Brenner Railway and a terminus of a branch line to Merano, which continues to become Vinschgau Railway Merano-Mals.

The station is currently managed by Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (RFI). The commercial area of the passenger building, however, is managed by Centostazioni. Train services to and from the station are operated by Trenitalia, ÖBB-DB, Südtirol Bahn and Russian Railways (RZD).

Centostazioni
Centostazioni S.p.A. (English: 100 Stations) is a subsidiary of Italian holding company Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane. The company was created to redevelop and manage 103 medium-sized Italian railway stations.
Inanantona
Inanantona or Inanantonana is a town and commune in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Betafo, which is a part of Vakinankaratra Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 16,000 in 2001 commune census.

Only primary schooling is available. The majority 50% of the population of the commune are farmers, while an additional 50% receives their livelihood from raising livestock. The most important crops are rice and bambara groundnut, while other important agricultural products are peanuts, maize and cassava.

Vakinankaratra
Vakinankaratra is a region in central Madagascar. The capital of the region is Antsirabe. It's one of the four regions of the Antananarivo Province. Vakinankaratra covers an area of 16,599 kilometres (10,314 miles), and had a population of 2,074,358 in 2018.
Navarra (DO)
Navarra is a Spanish Denominación de Origen Protegida (DOP) for wines from the southern half of the autonomous community of Navarre (Spanish Navarra, Basque Nafarroa). The vineyards are on the lower slopes of the Pyrenees as they descend towards the basin of the river Ebro.

The region used to be renowned only for its rosado wines but in recent years has been producing quality reds and whites as well.

Ebro
The Ebro (Spanish and Basque [ˈeβɾo] ⓘ; Catalan: Ebre, Western: [ˈeβɾe], Eastern: [ˈeβɾə]) is a river of the north and northeast of the Iberian Peninsula, in Spain. It rises in Cantabria and flows 930 kilometres (580 mi), almost entirely in an east-southeast direction. It flows into the Mediterranean Sea, forming a delta in the Terres de l'Ebre region, in southern Catalonia. In the Iberian peninsula, it ranks second in length after the Tagus and second in discharge volume, and drainage basin, after the Douro. It is the longest river entirely within Spain; the other two mentioned flow into Portugal.

The Ebro flows through many cities (Spanish: ciudades): Reinosa in Cantabria; Frías and Miranda de Ebro in Castile and León; Haro, Logroño, Calahorra, and Alfaro in La Rioja; Tudela in Navarre; Alagón, Utebo, and Zaragoza in Aragon; and Flix, Móra d'Ebre, Benifallet, Tivenys, Xerta, Aldover, Tortosa, and Amposta in the province of Tarragona (Catalonia).
Richard fitz Eustace
Richard fitz Eustace (died circa 1163) was Constable of Chester and Baron of Halton within the County Palatine of Chester ruled by the Earl of Chester.

He was a son of Eustace fitz John (died 1157), hereditary Constable of Chester, by his second wife Agnes, daughter and eventual heiress of William fitz Nigel (died 1134), of Halton Castle, hereditary Constable of Chester and feudal Baron of Halton. Richard fitz Eustace in turn inherited the barony and constableship. During the reign of King Henry II, Richard held one knight's fee in Smathe, Yorkshire.

Halton Castle
Halton Castle is a castle in the village of Halton, part of the town of Runcorn, Cheshire, England. The castle is on the top of Halton Hill, a sandstone prominence overlooking the village. The original building, a motte-and-bailey castle began in 1071, was replaced with the current sandstone castle in the 13th century. Building alterations continued until at least 1609, when the structure is recorded as in disrepair. The castle is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building, and a scheduled monument.

It was the seat of the Barons of Halton from the 11th century until the 14th century, then passed to the Duchy of Lancaster. It was besieged twice in the Civil War after which its structure deteriorated. In the 18th century a new courthouse was built on the site of the previous gatehouse. The castle lies in ruins apart from the courthouse which has been converted into a public house.
Amitabh Singh
Amitabh Singh is an Indian Space Scientist. He was project manager for Chandrayaan-1 Mission and deputy project director and operations director for Chandrayaan-2 and Chandrayaan-3 mission of ISRO. He handled the optical payload data processing and on-board algorithm related to Chandrayaan-2 and Chandrayaan-3 Lander and Rover. He is also a guest faculty at Department of Physics, Electronics & Space Science of the Gujarat University. He is working for upcoming Chandrayaan missions.

He has authored some books on Chandrayaan 1 and articles on Planetary Geomatics and Exploring the Moon in three dimension.

He has been awarded the ISRS Young Achiever Award  by the Indian Society of Remote Sensing, Dehradun. He was also Part of Chandrayaan-3 team who received Rastriya Vigyan team award 2024

Gujarat University
The Gujarat University is a public state university located at Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. The university is an affiliating university at the under-graduate level and a teaching university at the post graduate level. It is accredited A+ by NAAC. It was established on 23 November 1949.
Aveiro Football Association
The Associação de Futebol de Aveiro (Aveiro Football Association) is one of the 22 District Football Associations that are affiliated to the Portuguese Football Federation. The AF Aveiro administers lower tier football in the district of Aveiro.

Campeonato de Portugal (league)
The Campeonato de Portugal (Portuguese for "Championship of Portugal") is the fourth level of the Portuguese football league system. Together with the third-tier Liga 3, it is organized by the Portuguese Football Federation (FPF).

The Campeonato de Portugal was introduced in 2013 as the new third-level championship, under the name Campeonato Nacional de Seniores (Seniors National Championship), replacing the Segunda Divisão and Terceira Divisão (former third and fourth divisions, respectively). On 22 October 2015, it adopted its current naming. 
With the creation of the Liga 3 as the new third division from the 2021–22 season, the Campeonato de Portugal was demoted one level.
Naresuan 261
Sub-Division 3, Border Patrol Police Aerial Reinforcement Unit (Thai: กองกำกับการ 3 กองบังคับการสนับสนุนทางอากาศ) also known as  Special Operation Unit Naresuan 261  (Thai: หน่วยปฏิบัติการพิเศษ นเรศวร 261),  Naresuan 261 (Thai: นเรศวร 261) is a police tactical unit, falling under the Border Patrol Police (BPP), Royal Thai Police (RTP).

Bomb disposal
Bomb disposal is an explosives engineering profession using the process by which hazardous explosive devices are disabled or otherwise rendered safe. Bomb disposal is an all-encompassing term to describe the separate, but interrelated functions in the military fields of explosive ordnance disposal (EOD) and improvised explosive device disposal (IEDD), and the public safety roles of public safety bomb disposal (PSBD) and the bomb squad.
Aşıtbaş
Aşıtbaş (Tatar: Ашытбаш, romanized: Aşıtbaş) is a rural locality (a selo) in Arça District, Tatarstan. The population was 613 as of 2010.
Aşıtbaş is located 30 km from Arça, district's administrative centre, and 95 km from Ԛazan, republic's capital, by road.
The earliest known record of the settlement dates from 1678.
There are 7 streets in the village.

Arsky District
Arsky District (Russian: А́рский райо́н; Tatar: Арча районы) – is a territorial administrative unit and municipal district of the Republic of Tatarstan within the Russian Federation. The district is located in the northern part of the republic. The administrative center is the city of Arsk.

The district has several natural monuments including the source of the Kazanka river, Yanga-Salinsky slope, the Korsin grey heron colony, Tukai-kyrlay forest, Ayu Urmany, Kazanka and Shoshma rivers.
Robert Moulson
Robert Moulson (26 November 1932 - 15 August 2003) was an American classical tenor who had an active international career in operas and concerts from the late 1950s through the 1980s. He became particularly associated with the role of Lenny Small in Carlisle Floyd's Of Mice and Men; a role which he recorded and portrayed in its original production at the Seattle Opera in 1970.

Of Mice and Men (opera)
Of Mice and Men is an opera in three acts by the American composer Carlisle Floyd. The English libretto was written by Floyd and is based on the 1937 novella of the same name by John Steinbeck. The opera was composed in 1969.
Bolinder-Munktell
AB Bolinder-Munktell (BM) was a tractor and machines manufacturer founded in Eskilstuna, Sweden in 1932 through the merger of the mechanical companies Bolinders and Munktells Mekaniska Verkstad.

Bolinder are also well known as manufacturers of 'Semi-Diesel' or 'Hot bulb' engines.

In 1950 BM was bought by Volvo. In 1973 the company changed its name to Volvo BM AB and then in 1995 to Volvo Construction Equipment.

The product range has changed with the times. Up to the beginning of the 20th century agricultural machines such as threshers were an important product.

Aktiebolag
Aktiebolag (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈâktsɪɛbʊˌlɑːɡ], "stock company") is the Swedish term for "limited company" or "corporation". When used in company names, it is abbreviated as "AB" (in Sweden), "Ab" (in Finland), or, rarely, "A/B" (dated), roughly equivalent to the abbreviations Corp., Ltd., and PLC. The state authority responsible for the registration of aktiebolag in Sweden is the Swedish Companies Registration Office.
Norbury
Norbury is an town and suburb in south London. It shares the postcode London SW16 with neighbouring Streatham. The area is mainly in the borough of Croydon, with some parts extending into the neighbouring borough of Lambeth. Norbury is 6.7 miles (10.8 km) south of Charing Cross.

Lambeth London Borough Council
Lambeth London Borough Council, which styles itself Lambeth Council, is the local authority for the London Borough of Lambeth in Greater London, England. The council has been under Labour majority control since 2006. The council meets at Lambeth Town Hall in Brixton and has its main offices at the nearby Civic Centre.
Higashi Chikushi Junior College
Higashi Chikushi Junior College (東筑紫短期大学, Higashi chikushi tanki daigaku) is a private junior women's college in Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan, established in 1950. In 2004 it became partially coeducational.

Women's college
Women's colleges in higher education are undergraduate, bachelor's degree-granting institutions, often liberal arts colleges, whose student populations are composed exclusively or almost exclusively of women. Some women's colleges admit male students to their graduate schools or in smaller numbers to undergraduate programs, but all serve a primarily female student body.
Daniel Newcombe
Christianity portal

Daniel Newcombe  was an Anglican dean in the mid 18th century.

Newcombe was educated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge. He was ordained in 1702 and held livings at Caldecote, Thornhaugh and Penmark. He was an Honorary Chaplain to the King from 1725 until 1730; and Dean of Gloucester from 1730 until his death on 3 March 1758.

Penmark
Penmark (Welsh: Pen-marc) is a  rural village south-west of Barry near Rhoose in the Vale of Glamorgan, in South Wales. The village is a parish and is a linear village. It has a parish church along the main road running through the village.

Penmark is located near the international airport for Wales, Cardiff International Airport.
James Bradley (cricketer)
James Bradley (3 October 1913 – January 2001) was an English cricketer.  Bradley's batting style is unknown, but it is known he bowled slow left-arm orthodox.  He was born in Pleasley, Nottinghamshire.

Bradley made his first-class debut for Nottinghamshire against Surrey in the 1937 County Championship.  He made eight further first-class appearances for the county, the last of which came against Kent in the 1939 County Championship. In his nine first-class appearances for the county, he took 19 wickets at an average of 41.10, with best figures of 4/116. With the bat, he scored 30 runs at a batting average of 6.00, with a high score of 13.

He died at Mansfield, Nottinghamshire in January 2001, aged 87.

1939 County Championship
The 1939 County Championship was the 46th officially organised running of the County Championship. Yorkshire County Cricket Club won their 21st Championship.

The Championship was the last for six years due to World War II and during the 1939 Championship three matches were not played due to the outbreak of the war, they were abandoned on the third day.
Heidelberg, Victoria
Heidelberg (/ˈhaɪdəlbɜːrɡ/) is a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 11 kilometres (7 mi) northeast of Melbourne's central business district, located within the City of Banyule local government area. Heidelberg recorded a population of 7,360 at the 2021 census.

Once a large town on Melbourne's outskirts, Heidelberg was absorbed into Melbourne as part of the latter's northward expansion after World War II. Heidelberg once had its own historic central business district including its own municipality in the former City of Heidelberg.

Heidelberg lends its name to the Heidelberg School, an impressionist art movement that developed in and around the town in the late 19th-century.

Local government areas of Victoria
This is a list of local government areas (LGAs) in Victoria, sorted by region.

Also referred to as municipalities, the 79 Victorian LGAs are classified as cities (34), shires (38), rural cities (6) and boroughs (1). In general, an urban or suburban LGA is called a city and is governed by a city council, while a rural LGA covering a larger rural area is usually called a shire and is governed by a shire council. Local councils have the same administrative functions and similar political structures, regardless of their classification.

Local elections are held in Victoria every four years with the most recent elections held in 2024.
Kevin & Perry Go Large
Kevin & Perry Go Large is a 2000 British teen coming-of-age sex comedy film based on the Harry Enfield sketch Kevin the Teenager. The film was written by Dave Cummings and Harry Enfield and directed by Ed Bye. Enfield, Kathy Burke and Louisa Rix all return to their roles after previously appearing on Harry Enfield & Chums. James Fleet replaced Stephen Moore as Kevin's father. The film received mixed reviews but has since gained a cult following.

Stephen Moore (actor)
Stephen Vincent Moore (11 December 1937 – 4 October 2019) was an English actor, known for his work on British television since the mid-1970s, and particularly as the voice of Marvin the Paranoid Android in The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy.
Kid Williams
John Gutenko (December 1, 1893 – October 18, 1963) was an Austro-Hungarian-born American boxer of Danish, Ukrainian and Polish heritage who fought under the name Kid Williams and was known as the Baltimore Tiger. He knocked out Johnny Coulon in Vernon, California, on June 9, 1914. This victory earned him the Bantamweight Championship world title. In 1970, Johnny Gutenko was inducted into The Ring magazine’s Boxing Hall of Fame after being nominated “by the sports editors, boxing writers, and television sportscasters.” At the time, the magazine’s founder Nat Fleischer ranked him number three among bantamweights. However, the website AinsworthSports.com rated him number one for the 1910 decade. Over twenty years later, he would be inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame. Coincidentally, the ceremony occurred in Canastota, New York, on June 9, 1996, the 82nd anniversary of him winning the bantamweight title.

The Ring (magazine)
The Ring (often called The Ring magazine or Ring magazine) is a boxing magazine, that was first published in 1922 as a boxing and wrestling magazine. As the sporting legitimacy of professional wrestling came more into question, The Ring shifted to becoming exclusively a boxing-oriented publication.

Ring began publishing annual ratings of boxers in 1924. With its November/December 2022 issue, the magazine stopped publication of its regular monthly print issues and will remain a digital publication, offering occasional special interest print issues.
Capitán Vicente Almandos Almonacid Airport
Capitán Vicente Almandos Almonacid Airport (Spanish: Aeropuerto de La Rioja - Capitán Vicente Almandos Almonacid) (IATA: IRJ, ICAO: SANL) is the main airport in La Rioja Province, Argentina serving the city of La Rioja. The airport is on the northeast side of the city.

The airport was named after the Argentine aviation pioneer Vicente Almandos Almonacid (es) (1882–1953).

La Rioja Province, Argentina
La Rioja (Spanish pronunciation: [la ˈrjoxa]), officially Province of La Rioja is a province of Argentina located in the west of the country. The landscape of the province consists of a series of arid to semi-arid mountain ranges and agricultural valleys in between. It is in one of these valleys that the capital of the province, the city of La Rioja, lies. Neighboring provinces are, from the north clockwise, Catamarca, Córdoba, San Luis and San Juan. The Triassic sauropodomorph dinosaur Riojasaurus is named after the province.
Manawaka
Manawaka is a fictional town in the Canadian province of Manitoba, frequently used as a setting in novels and short stories by Margaret Laurence. The town was based on Laurence's real-life hometown of Neepawa, and should not be confused with the real-life town of Maniwaki, Quebec.  The town is also used in Daniel Poliquin's novel L'écureuil noir.

The Manawaka sequence consists of the books The Stone Angel, A Jest of God, The Fire-Dwellers, A Bird in the House, and The Diviners.

Daniel Poliquin
Daniel Poliquin OC (born December 18, 1953) is a Canadian novelist and translator. He has translated works of various Canadian writers into French, including David Homel, Douglas Glover, and Mordecai Richler. 
Poliquin and his hometown of Ottawa are the subjects of 1999 documentary film L'écureuil noir (English: The Black Squirrel), directed by Fadel Saleh for the National Film Board of Canada.

He was awarded the Order of Canada with the grade of member and was recently promoted to the grade of officer in 2015. 
Poloquin is also a Chevalier in the Ordre de la Pleiade and a recipient of the Queen’s Jubilee Medal.
He won the Governor General's Award for English to French translation in 2014 for his translation of Thomas King's The Inconvenient Indian: A Curious Account of Native People in North America, and in 2017 for his translation of Alexandre Trudeau's Barbarian Lost: Travels in the New China. In 2017, he was awarded an honorary Doctor of Literature from Carleton University.
Gharbi, Tunisia
Gharbi (Arabic: غربي) is the second largest of the Kerkennah Islands off the east coast of Tunisia. Chief town is Mellita. Located 20 km from the Sfax coast, the island has an area of 69 km2. The name means "Westerner" in Arabic. The largest island of the group, Chergui, means "Easterner" in Arabic.

Sfax
Sfax (/s(ə)ˈfæks/ s(ə-)FAKS; Arabic: صفاقس, romanized: Ṣafāqis, Tunisian Arabic: [ˈsˤfaːqəs] ⓘ) is a major port city in Tunisia, located 270 km (170 mi) southeast of Tunis. The city, founded in AD 849 on the ruins of Taparura, is the capital of the Sfax Governorate (about 955,421 inhabitants in 2014), and a Mediterranean port. Sfax has a population of 341,999 (census 2022). Its main industries include phosphate, olive and nut processing, fishing (it is the largest fishing port in Tunisia) and international trade. The city is the second-most populous in the country after the capital, Tunis.
Pervomayskoye, Biysky District, Altai Krai
Pevomayskoye (Russian: Первомайское) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Pevomaysky Selsoviet, Biysky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 5,454 as of 2013. There are 44 streets.

Altai Krai
Altai Krai (Russian: Алтайский край, IPA: [ɐlˈtajskʲɪj kraj]) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai). It borders, clockwise from the west, Kazakhstan (East Kazakhstan Region, Abai Region and Pavlodar Region), Novosibirsk and Kemerovo, and the Altai Republic. Its administrative centre is the city of Barnaul. As of the 2021 Census, the population of the krai was 2,163,693.