hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Franc
The franc is any of various units of currency. One franc is typically divided into 100 centimes. The name is said to derive from the Latin inscription francorum rex (King of the Franks) used on early French coins  and until the 18th century, or from the French franc, meaning "frank" (and "free" in certain contexts, such as coup franc, "free kick").

The countries that use francs today include Switzerland, Liechtenstein, and most of Francophone Africa. The Swiss franc is a major world currency today due to the prominence of Swiss financial institutions.

Before the introduction of the euro on 1 January 1999, francs were also used in France, Belgium and Luxembourg, while Andorra and Monaco accepted the French franc as legal tender (Monégasque franc). The franc was also used in former French colonies including Algeria and Cambodia. The franc is sometimes Italianised or Hispanicised as the franco, for instance in Luccan franco.

Style of the French sovereign
The precise style of French sovereigns varied over the years. Currently, there is no French sovereign; three distinct traditions (the Legitimist, the Orleanist, and the Bonapartist) exist, each claiming different forms of title.

The three styles laid claim to by pretenders to the French throne are:

Legitimist: "Most high, most potent and most excellent Prince, X, by the Grace of God, King of France and of Navarre, Most Christian Majesty." (Très haut, très puissant et très excellent Prince, X, par la grâce de Dieu, Roi de France et de Navarre, Roi Très-chrétien)

Orleanist: "X, by the Grace of God and by the constitutional law of the State, King of the French." (X, par la grâce de Dieu et par la loi constitutionnelle de l'État, Roi des Français)

Bonapartist: "X, By the Grace of God and the Constitutions of the Republic, Emperor of the French." (X, par la grâce de Dieu et les Constitutions de la République, Empereur des Français.)
Minsara Kanna
Minsara Kanna (transl. Electrifying darling) is a 1999 Indian Tamil-language romantic comedy film directed by K. S. Ravikumar. The film stars Vijay, Khushbu, Rambha and Monica in the lead roles, with Manivannan, Karan, R. Sundarrajan and Mansoor Ali Khan in supporting roles. The story is about how Vijay gets employed in Khushbu's house and develops romance towards Monica, Khushbu's sister.

Minsara Kanna was shot mostly Ooty, Austria, Germany, and Switzerland. The film has music composed by Deva and cinematography by Ashok Rajan. It was released on 9 September 1999 and failed at the box office but won the Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Audiographer.

Rambha (actress)
Yeedi Vijayalakshmi (born 5 June 1976), known professionally as Rambha, is an Indian former actress. She was one of the prominent actresses in Indian cinema in the 1990s and early 2000s. In an acting career spanning almost two decades, Rambha had appeared in more than 100 films across eight languages, predominantly in Telugu and Tamil, in addition to Hindi, Malayalam, and Kannada, along with a few Bengali, Bhojpuri and English films. Rambha made her debut with the Malayalam film Sargam.
Unwritten rules of baseball
There is a set of unwritten rules of baseball that some players and managers follow. The rules often concern gamesmanship and not disrespecting players on the opposing team. Incidents have occurred when one or more players interpret the actions of another player as violating the unwritten rules, which can result in beanballs and bench-clearing brawls. As the rules are unwritten, and in many cases vague, the interpretation is left to the players involved.

Gamesmanship
Gamesmanship is the use of dubious (although not technically illegal) methods to win or gain a serious advantage in a game or sport. It has been described as "pushing the rules to the limit without getting caught, using whatever dubious methods possible to achieve the desired end". It may be inferred that the term derives from the idea of playing for the game (i.e. to win at any cost) as opposed to sportsmanship, which derives from the idea of playing for sport. The term was popularized by Stephen Potter's humorous 1947 book, The Theory and Practice of Gamesmanship (or the Art of Winning Games without Actually Cheating). It had, however, been used before by Ian Coster in his autobiographic book Friends in Aspic, published in 1939, where it was attributed to Francis Meynell.
1992 World Figure Skating Championships
The 1992 World Figure Skating Championships were held at the Oakland-Alameda County Coliseum Arena in Oakland, California, USA from March 24 to 29. Medals were awarded in men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing.

Oakland Arena
Oakland Arena, often referred to as the Oakland Coliseum Arena, is an indoor arena in Oakland, California, and part of the Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum Authority. Opened in 1966, the arena was originally home to the California Seals of the Western Hockey League (WHL), later of the National Hockey League (NHL), until their move to Cleveland in 1976. The arena most famously served as home to the Golden State Warriors of the National Basketball Association (NBA) from 1971 to 2019, excluding a period of extensive renovation during the 1996–97 NBA season.
Osojnica
Osojnica (pronounced [ɔˈsoːi̯nitsa], German: Ossoinitz) is a small settlement on a stream with the same name, a tributary of the Poljane Sora (Slovene: Poljanska Sora), in the hills southwest of Žiri in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia.

Sora (river)
The Sora (German: Zayer or Zeier) is a right affluent of the Sava River in western Slovenia. The Sora gathers its waters mainly from the Škofja Loka Hills. Its source branches are the Poljane Sora (Slovene: Poljanska Sora, also Poljanščica), named after the Poljane Valley (Poljanska dolina), and the Selca Sora (Slovene: Selška Sora, also Selščica), named after the Selca Valley (Selška dolina). The Poljane Sora is larger and is 43 kilometres (27 mi) in length, while the Selca Sora is 32 km (20 mi) in length. They flow together in Škofja Loka and continue the flow as the Sora for the next 9.2 kilometres (5.7 mi) until Medvode, where the Sora joins the Sava. Including the Poljane Sora, the Sora is 52 km (32 mi) in length. This makes it the 15th longest river of Slovenia.

The Sora is of torrential character and often floods. Its average discharge at the outflow is 25 cubic metres per second (880 cu ft/s). Its largest discharge, measured in 1990, was 690 m3/s (24,000 cu ft/s).
Collins Chiji
Collins Chiji is a Nigerian politician and  lawmaker. He served in the Imo State House of Assembly representing Isiala Mbano from 2016 until his impeachment in 2020. Prior to his impeachment, Chiji was the speaker of the 9th Imo State House of Assembly.

Isiala Mbano
Isiala Mbano// ⓘ is a Local Government Area in Imo State, Nigeria. Its headquarters is in the town of Umuelemai. It has an area of 166 square km and a population of 198,736 at the 2006 census. The postal code of the area is 471. Isiala Mbano presently has 39 autonomous communities spread across 12 Political Wards with 196 polling stations. Isiala Mbano has the longest ruling Monarch in Okigwe Senatorial District in the person of His Royal Majest, Eze Kingsley Leweanya Duru, Ezejiofo Achara III of Osuachara Ancient Kingdom and Ezejiudo I of Umuduru Autonomous community.
Chinese spy ship Beijixing
Beijixing (Chinese: 北极星, meaning North Star; pennant number: AGI-851) is the lead ship of the Type 815 spy ship of the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). She was originally named Dongdiao (Chinese: 東調; pennant number: 232). Her main task is to monitor and analyze electronic signal intelligence. It may also conduct tactical ballistic missile tests, missile trajectory measurement and missile tracking tasks.

Trajectory
A trajectory is the path an object takes through its motion over time. In classical mechanics, a trajectory is defined by Hamiltonian mechanics via canonical coordinates; hence, a complete trajectory is defined by position and momentum, simultaneously.

The object as a mass might be a projectile or a satellite. For example, it can be an orbit — the path of a planet, asteroid, or comet as it travels around a central mass.

In control theory, a trajectory is a time-ordered set of states of a dynamical system (see e.g. Poincaré map). In discrete mathematics, a trajectory is a sequence  of values calculated by the iterated application of a mapping  to an element  of its source.
Auckland Women's Suffrage Memorial
The Auckland Women's Suffrage Memorial is a public mural designed by artists Jan Morrison and Claudia Pond Eyley for the centenary of women securing the vote in New Zealand. It is one of the first and few dedicated suffrage memorials in New Zealand. It is located at Khartoum Place, Auckland CBD, on the stairs that connect Kitchener and Lorne Street and lead to Auckland Art Gallery.

National Council of Women of New Zealand
The National Council of Women of New Zealand (Māori: Te Kaunihera Wahine o Aotearoa) was established in 1896, three years after women in New Zealand won the right to the vote, as an umbrella organisation uniting a number of different women's societies that existed in New Zealand at that time. Its founding president was Kate Sheppard, who had led the campaign for women's suffrage. The NCWNZ went into recess in 1906 but was reformed in 1919. As of 2021, the NCWNZ remains a leading and influential organisation that works to achieve gender equality in New Zealand. Since 1896, members have agreed resolutions by majority vote at national conferences, which form policies for the NCWNZ's work. These resolutions inform submissions made by the NCWNZ to Parliament, government departments and other organisations.
2023 Ginetta Junior Championship
The 2023 Michelin Ginetta Junior Championship was a multi-event, one make motor racing championship held across England. The championship included a mix of professional teams and privately funded drivers, aged between 14 and 17, competing in Ginetta G40s that conformed to the technical regulations for the championship.

One-design racing
One-design racing is a racing method which may be adopted in sports using complex equipment, whereby all vehicles have identical or very similar designs or models, avoiding the need for a handicap system.
Tupoutoʻa
Tupoutoʻa is a Tongan noble title. It is the most recent of the 33 hereditary titles and is principally used by crown princes of Tonga.

Queen Sālote Tupou III created the title in 1924, with a portion of land estate in Haʻapai, for former Prime Minister Sione Tupou Mateialona, a grandson of King George Tupou I. Mateialona died three years later without an heir, and the title thus reverted to the crown. It was not used again until the 1930s, when the then-crown prince Tāufaʻāhau was conferred with the title by the Queen. It has since become customary for the heir to the throne of Tonga to bear the title.

As with all titles of the Tongan nobility, the holder is responsible for the welfare of commoners residing on lands which are associated with the title. They are entitled to sit in the cabinet or the Legislative Assembly of Tonga as a representative of the nobility, and can also vote in legislative elections alongside other nobles.

Sione Tupou Mateialona
Sione Tupou Mateialona was a politician from Tonga who served as Prime Minister of Tonga from January 1905 to 30 September 1912.

He was a grandson of George Tupou I through one of the king's son ʻIsileli Tupou.
Joost Caen
Joost M. A. Caen is a Flemish independent artist and glass conservator since 1982. In his workshop, he creates contemporary stained-glass windows for churches and secular buildings. In 2003 he was one of the first stained-glass artists who incorporate solar cells into a glass creation. This work can be seen in the entrance hall of the District House at Deurne, Belgium. Caen also conserves stained-glass panels and windows, mainly for museums and collectors.

Caen is the first in Belgium to be promoted to "doctor in conservation-restoration" (University of Antwerp, November 2009). At present, he is full professor at the same university and chairs the research group "Heritage & Sustainability." He regularly publishes with Brepols about stained glass. For his main research on small glass panes and panels, he works together with art historian Cornelis J. Berserik from The Hague, Netherlands.

Brepols
Brepols is a Belgian publishing house. Once, it was one of the largest printing companies in the world and one of the main employers in Turnhout (Belgium). Besides its printing business, Brepols is also active as a publisher. Formerly well known for its missals, the company is now better known for its specialization in historical studies and editions of classical authors, including the Corpus Christianorum.
2018 US Open – Girls' doubles
Olga Danilović and Marta Kostyuk were the defending champions, but both players chose not to participate.

Top seeds Cori Gauff and Caty McNally won the title, defeating Hailey Baptiste and Dalayna Hewitt in an all-American final, 6–3, 6–2.

Marta Kostyuk
Marta Olehivna Kostyuk (Ukrainian: Марта Олегівна Костюк [ˈmɑrtɐ koˈsʲtʲuk]; born 28 June 2002) is a Ukrainian professional tennis player. She has career-high WTA rankings of No. 16 in singles, achieved on 17 June 2024 and No. 27 in doubles, achieved on 8 May 2023. On the WTA Tour, she has won one singles title (2023 ATX Open) and two doubles titles (2022 Slovenia Open and 2023 Birmingham Classic). Her best major singles performance is reaching the quarterfinals of the 2024 Australian Open. She is the current No. 2 Ukrainian player.
Czarny Młyn, Puck County
Czarny Młyn [ˈt͡ʂarnɨ ˈmwɨn] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Puck, within Puck County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is located within the ethnocultural region of Kashubia in the historic region of Pomerania.

Czarny Młyn was a royal village of the Polish Crown, administratively located in the Puck County in the Pomeranian Voivodeship.

Puck County
Puck County (Polish: powiat pucki, Kashubian: pùcczi pòwiat) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Pomeranian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the Baltic coast. The powiat of this name existed  in the history of Poland, since the times of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth up to 1795, and then reintroduced in 1999.
3rd Armored Division (France)
The 3rd Armoured Division (French: 3e Division Blindée, 3e DB) is a unit of the French Army. The Division is the heir of the 3rd Algerian Infantry Division (3e DIA) formed in 1943 and dissolved in 1946, which contributed in the liberation of Marseille during the Second World War.

The 3rd Armoured Division was created in 1951 then dissolved in 1991. The 3rd Mechanised Brigade (3e BM), created in 1999, inherited the traditions of the division.

The 3rd Division (3e DIV) was recreated on June 20, 2016 as part of a reorganisation of the French Army.

Battle of Marseille
The Battle of Marseille was an urban battle of World War II that took place August 21–28, 1944, and led to the liberation of Marseille by Free French forces under the command of General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny.  The groundwork was laid by the Allied invasion of southern France in Operation Dragoon on 15 August 1944 by the United States Seventh Army, with major support from the French First Army.
Marek Haščák
Marek Haščák (born 8 December 1985) is a Slovak former professional ice hockey centre.

Prior to the 2011-12 season, he had been under a try-out contract with the Malmö Redhawks of the HockeyAllsvenskan, however that try-out contract expired at the end of August 2011.

HockeyAllsvenskan
HockeyAllsvenskan (previously Allsvenskan and SuperAllsvenskan) is a professional ice hockey league, and the second-highest league in the Swedish ice hockey system, after the SHL. Since the 2009–10 season, the league has consisted of fourteen teams.
Louis Benjamin
Isaac Louis Benjamin (17 October 1922 – 20 June 1994) was a British entertainment business executive and theatre impresario.  Among other leading positions between the 1960s and 1980s, he chaired Pye Records, was a managing director at ATV and at the London Palladium, and organised the Royal Variety Performances.

Impresario
An impresario (from Italian impresa 'an enterprise or undertaking') is a person who organizes and often finances concerts, plays, or operas, performing a role in stage arts that is similar to that of a film or television producer.
Cicero at His Villa at Tusculum
Cicero at His Villa at Tusculum is an 1839 historical landscape painting by the British artist J.M.W. Turner. It imagines a view of the villa of the Roman statesman Cicero, located at Tusculum in the Alban Hills.

It was partly intended to pay tribute to the eighteenth century British landscape artist Richard Wilson who had produced a similar scene, and whose work and was strongly influenced by his time in Italy and who Turner felt had become neglected in a manner similar to Cicero.

The painting was displayed at the Royal Academy Exhibition of 1839 held at the National Gallery in Trafalgar Square. Today the painting is displayed at Ascott House in Buckinghamshire.

Richard Wilson (painter)
Richard Wilson RA (1 August 1714 – 15 May 1782) was a Welsh painter who specialised in landscape art and worked in Britain and Italy. With George Lambert he is recognised as a pioneer in British art of landscape for its own sake and was described in the Welsh Academy Encyclopedia of Wales as the "most distinguished painter Wales has ever produced and the first to appreciate the aesthetic possibilities of his country". In December 1768 Wilson became one of the founder-members of the Royal Academy. A catalogue raisonné of the artist's work compiled by Paul Spencer-Longhurst is published by the Paul Mellon Centre for Studies in British Art.
Al-Dabaah
Al-Dabaah (Arabic: الضبعة, also spelled Daba'a) is a village in central Syria, administratively part of the Homs Governorate, located southwest of Homs. Nearby localities include Arjoun to the west, Kafr Mousa and al-Ghassaniyah to the northwest, Daminah al-Gharbiyah to the north, al-Buwaydah al-Sharqiyah and Daminah al-Sharqiyah to the northeast, Shamsin to the east and Jandar to the southeast. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), al-Dabaah had a population of 3,129 in the 2004 census.

Homs Governorate
Homs Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة حمص Muḥāfaẓat Ḥimṣ) is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria. It is situated in central Syria. It has 42,226 km2 (16,304 sq mi).It is geographically the largest governorate in Syria. Homs Governorate has a population of 1,763,000 as of 2010. The Homs governorate is divided into six administrative districts (mantiqah), with the city of Homs as a separate district. Homs is the capital city of the district of Homs. Its governor is Namir Habib Makhlouf.
Jean Tirole
Jean Tirole (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ tiʁɔl]; born 9 August 1953) is a French economist who is currently a professor of economics at Toulouse 1 Capitole University. He focuses on industrial organization and game theory. In particular, he focuses on the regulation of economic activity in a way that does not hinder innovation while maintaining fair rules. Tirole's work is largely theoretical and explored in mathematical models, not empirical research.

In 2014, he received the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for his analysis of market power and regulation.

Regulation
Regulation is the management of complex systems according to a set of rules and trends. In systems theory, these types of rules exist in various fields of biology and society, but the term has slightly different meanings according to context. For example:

in government, typically regulation (or its plural) refers to the delegated legislation which is adopted to enforce primary legislation; including land-use regulation

in economy: regulatory economics

in finance: financial regulation

in business, industry self-regulation occurs through self-regulatory organizations and trade associations which allow industries to set and enforce rules with less government involvement; and,

in biology, gene regulation and metabolic regulation allow living organisms to adapt to their environment and maintain homeostasis;

in psychology, self-regulation theory is the study of how individuals regulate their thoughts and behaviors to reach goals.
A Virgin with a Unicorn
A Virgin with a Unicorn (Fanciulla e l'unicorno) is a fresco painting by the Italian Baroque artist Domenichino, completed between c. 1604 and 1605. It is in the collection of the Palazzo Farnese, in Rome.

Italian Baroque art
Italian Baroque art was a very prominent part of the Baroque art in painting, sculpture and other media, made in a period extending from the end of the sixteenth to the mid eighteenth centuries. The movement began in Italy, and despite later currents in the directions of classicism, the Rococo, Italy remained a stronghold throughout the period, with many Italian artists taking Baroque style to other parts of Europe.  Italian Baroque architecture is not covered.
Act of Faith and Other Stories
Act of Faith and Other Stories is a collection of short fiction by Irwin Shaw, published by Random House in 1946.

Shaw's third collection of short stories, this volume deals largely with incidents related to World War II.

The frequently anthologized title story, "Act of Faith," was included in O. Henry Prize Stories of 1946 and in The Best American Short Stories of 1947. "Act of Faith" was also included in The New Yorker's own anthology of war stories, Book of War Pieces (1947).

O. Henry Award
The O. Henry Award is an annual American award given to short stories of exceptional merit. The award is named after the American short-story writer O. Henry.

The PEN/O. Henry Prize Stories is an annual collection of the year's twenty best stories published in U.S. and Canadian magazines. Along with The Best American Short Stories, the O. Henry Prize Stories is one of the two "best-known annual anthologies of short fiction."

Until 2002 there were first, second, and third prize winners and from 2003 to 2019 there were three jurors who each selected a short story of special interest or merit; the collection is called The PEN/O. Henry Prize Stories, and the original collection was called Prize Stories 1919: The O. Henry Memorial Awards.
Atomopteryx solanalis
Atomopteryx solanalis, the carabid moth, is a moth in the family Crambidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Florida. The species was first described by William Barnes and James Halliday McDunnough in 1913.

James Halliday McDunnough
James Halliday McDunnough (10 May 1877 – 23 February 1962) was a Canadian linguist, musician, and entomologist best known for his work with North American Lepidoptera, but who also made important contributions about North American Ephemeroptera.
Old Castle (Demmingen)
The Old Castle (Alte Burg) is a demolished hill castle on an almost circular conical hill at a height of 515 m above sea level (NN) southwest of the village of Demmingen in the municipality of Dischingen in the county of Heidenheim in the German state of Baden-Württemberg.

The castle was built in the 13th century by the counts of Dillingen, but later went to the lords of Hürnheim and then the Fugger counts. The castle was destroyed before 1551 and was torn down between 1570 and 1572.

The castle had a 6.6 X 10.3 metre tower house with a wall thickness of 1.72 metres.

Tower house
A tower house is a particular type of stone structure, built for defensive purposes as well as habitation. Tower houses began to appear in the Middle Ages, especially in mountainous or limited access areas, to command and defend strategic points with reduced forces. At the same time, they were also used as an aristocrat's residence, around which a castle town was often constructed.