hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yves Hervouet
Yves Hervouet (30 April 1921 – 29 January 1999) was a French sinologist, specializing in classical Chinese literature. He was professor emeritus at the Paris Diderot University as well as an appointed Legion of Honour officer.

Chinese literature
The history of Chinese literature extends thousands of years, and begins with the earliest recorded inscriptions, court archives, building to the major works of philosophy and history written during the Axial Age. The Han (202 BC – 220 AD) and Tang (618–907 AD) dynasties were considered golden ages of poetry, while the Song (960–1279) and Yuan (1271–1368) were notable for their lyrics (ci), essays, dramas, and plays. During the Ming and Qing, mature novels were written in written vernacular Chinese, an evolution from the preeminence of Literary Chinese patterned off the language of the Chinese classics. The introduction of widespread woodblock printing during the Tang and the invention of movable type printing by Bi Sheng (990–1051) during the Song rapidly spread written knowledge throughout China. Around the turn of the 20th century, the author Lu Xun (1881–1936) is considered an influential voice of vernacular Chinese literature.
Rylski
Rylski (Polish feminine: Rylska; plural: Rylscy) is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Aleksander Ścibor-Rylski (1928–1983), Polish filmmaker

Barbara Rylska (1936–2025), Polish actress and comedian

Jacek Rylski (born 1956), Polish rower

Zbigniew Ścibor-Rylski (1917–2018), Polish general

Zbigniew Ścibor-Rylski
Zbigniew Dionizy Ścibor-Rylski (10 March 1917 – 3 August 2018) was a Polish brigadier general and aviator who was a participant of the Warsaw Uprising during World War II. As a Polish Air Force officer, he fought alongside the resistance movement starting in 1940 and rose through the ranks of Armia Krajowa.

Ścibor-Rylski retired with the rank of brigadier general in the Polish Land Forces, he was rewarded several Polish awards and decorations, including Virtuti Militari. He was Chairman of the Association of Warsaw Insurgents.
German torpedo boat Möwe
Möwe was the lead ship of her class of six torpedo boats built for the German Navy (initially called the Reichsmarine and then renamed as the Kriegsmarine in 1935). The boat made multiple non-intervention patrols during the Spanish Civil War in the late 1930s. During the Norwegian Campaign of 1940, she played a minor role in the attack on Oslo, the capital of Norway. Möwe was torpedoed and badly damaged by a British submarine in May and did not return to active service until 1942 when she was transferred to France. The boat helped to escort blockade runners, commerce raiders and submarines through the Bay of Biscay. She also laid numerous minefields and attacked Allied ships during the Invasion of Normandy in June 1944. Möwe was sunk by British bombers that same month.

Commerce raiding
Commerce raiding is a form of naval warfare used to destroy or disrupt logistics of the enemy on the open sea by attacking its merchant shipping, rather than engaging its combatants or enforcing a blockade against them. Privateering is a form of commerce raiding conducted by independent operators.
Jill Bryant
Jill Carney Bryant is a former member of the Arkansas House of Representatives, briefly serving in 2020 and 2021.

Following the resignation of representative Grant Hodges on July 10, 2020, Bryant, a political newcomer, ran for the Arkansas House of Representatives 96th district in the special election (which was November 3, 2020), while her husband, Joshua P. Bryant, ran in the general election (also on November 3, 2020). Mrs. Bryant, a Republican, was easily elected in the special election, receiving more than 10,000 votes and having no opposition. She was sworn in on November 23, 2020, and left office on January 11, 2021. She was succeeded by her husband, who won the general election. She only served in the chamber for 49 days.

Arkansas House of Representatives
The Arkansas House of Representatives is the lower house of the Arkansas General Assembly, the state legislature of the US state of Arkansas. The House has 100 members elected from an equal number of constituencies across the state. Each district has an average population of 30,137, according to the 2020 federal census. Members are elected to two-year terms and, since the 2014 Amendment to the Arkansas Constitution, limited to sixteen years cumulative in either house.

The Arkansas House of Representatives meets annually, in regular session in odd number years and for a fiscal session in even number years, at the State Capitol in Little Rock.
Hasan Kafi Pruščak
Hasan Kafi Pruščak (November/December 1544 – 9 October 1615) was a Bosnian Hanafi scholar, philosopher, historian, writer, poet, Maturidi theologian, philologist and "qadi" (judge) who studied in Bosnia and Istanbul in the Ottoman Empire.

He is considered to be the most significant figure of the area's scientific, cultural and intellectual life in the 16th and early 17th centuries, as well as one of the most important Bosnian thinkers.

Bosnians
Bosnians (Bosnian: Bosanci / Босанци; sg. masc. Bosanac / Босанац, fem. Bosanka / Босанкаcode: bos promoted to code: bs ) are people native to the country of Bosnia and Herzegovina, especially the region of Bosnia. The term is used regardless of ethnic or cultural affiliation. The term Bosnian refers to all inhabitants/citizens of the country, though people from the region of Herzegovina may prefer the demonym Herzegovinian. The term can also be used as a designation for anyone who is descended from Bosnia.

Bosnian as a demonym is a nationality and does not imply any specific ethnic group. The term should not be confused with the ethnonym Bosniak, which refers to the largest ethnic group in the country. The native ethnic groups of Bosnia and Herzegovina are Bosniaks, Bosnian Serbs and Bosnian Croats.
Dean Muir
Dean Muir (born 6 February 1989) is a South African rugby union player currently playing hooker position for the Houston SaberCats in Major League Rugby (MLR) where he is team captain. He previously played for the San Diego Legion of the MLR.

Major League Rugby
Major League Rugby (MLR) is a professional rugby union competition in the United States. The league comprises 6 teams. While operating outside of the governance and oversight of the national governing body, the league is officially sanctioned by USA Rugby—a member union of Rugby Americas North (RAN)—and is consequently part of World Rugby.

MLR was founded in 2017 and is headquartered in Dallas, Texas. The league began its first season in 2018 with seven teams. MLR has since expanded, reaching an all-time high of thirteen teams in the 2022 season, including one team in Canada. Twelve teams competed in the 2024 season.

In 2020, Major League Rugby implemented its first collegiate MLR Draft in 2020 and its teams began forming youth academies.
Labin
Labin (Italian/Istriot: Albona) is a town in Istria, west Croatia, with a town population of 5,806 (2021) and 10,424 in the greater municipality (which also includes the small towns of Rabac-Porto Albona and Vinež-Vines, as well as a number of smaller villages).

Istriot
The Istriot language (Lèngua Eîstriota) is a Romance language of the Italo-Dalmatian branch spoken by about 400 people in the southwestern part of the Istrian peninsula in Croatia, particularly in Rovinj and Vodnjan.
Wolseley Haig
Sir Thomas Wolseley Haig KCIE CSI CMG CBE (7 August 1865 – 28 April 1938) was British soldier, civil servant and academic. He was a civil servant in British India, then Professor at Trinity College, Dublin, and later a Scottish herald.

Order of the Indian Empire
The Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire is an order of chivalry founded by Queen Victoria on 1 January 1878. The Order includes members of three classes:

Knight Grand Commander (GCIE)

Knight Commander (KCIE)

Companion (CIE)

Appointments terminated after 1947, the year that British India became the independent Union of India and Dominion of Pakistan. With the death of the last surviving knight, the Maharaja Meghrajji III of Dhrangadhra, the order became dormant in 2010.
The motto of the Order is Imperatricis auspiciis, (Latin for "Under the auspices of the Empress"), a reference to Queen Victoria, the first Empress of India. The Order is the junior British order of chivalry associated with the British Indian Empire; the senior one is The Most Exalted Order of the Star of India.
Hong Kong women's cricket team in the United Arab Emirates in 2021–22
The Hong Kong women's cricket team toured the United Arab Emirates in April 2022 to play a four-match bilateral Women's Twenty20 International (WT20I) series. The venue for the series was the Malek Cricket Ground in Ajman. The UAE won all of the matches, to win the series 4–0, taking their unbeaten run in WT20I cricket to fourteen matches.

Hong Kong women's national cricket team
The Hong Kong women's cricket team represents the Chinese special administrative region of Hong Kong in international women's cricket. In April 2018, the International Cricket Council (ICC) granted full Women's Twenty20 International (WT20I) status to all its members. Therefore, all Twenty20 matches played between Hong Kong women and other ICC members after 1 July 2018 will be a full WT20I. Hong Kong made its Twenty20 International debut against Indonesia on 12 January 2019 at Bangkok during the Thailand Women's T20 Smash.
Teepee structure
Teepee (also spelled tepee or tipi) structures are sedimentary structures interpreted to represent formation in peritidal environments. Teepees are largely the result of evaporation of water and subsequent precipitation of minerals within sediment, resulting in expansion and buckling to form a teepee-like shape. Their name originates from geologists working in the Guadalupe Mountains, who noted their appearance in cross-section resembles that of a Native American teepee.

Teepee structures have been observed in rocks more than 2.7 billion years old, and can be seen forming in modern environments on Earth, such as the Dead Sea.

Precipitation (chemistry)
In an aqueous solution, precipitation is the "sedimentation of a solid material (a precipitate) from a liquid solution". The solid formed is called the precipitate. In case of an inorganic chemical reaction leading to precipitation, the chemical reagent causing the solid to form is called the precipitant.

The liquid remaining above the precipitated or the centrifuged solid phase is also called the supernate or supernatant.
Qala Phusa (Larecaja)
Qala Phusa (Aymara qala stone, phusa siku, "stone siku", also spelled Calapusa) is a 4,884-metre-high (16,024 ft) mountain in the Andes of Bolivia. It is situated in the La Paz Department, Larecaja Province, Sorata Municipality. Qala Phusa lies north of the Janq'u Uma-Illampu massif of the Cordillera Real, northwest of the mountain Wila Quta and southeast of Llawi Imaña.

Sorata Municipality
Sorata Municipality (Aymara: Surat'a) is the first municipal section of the Larecaja Province in the La Paz Department, Bolivia. Its capital is Sorata. The Illampu - Janq'u Uma massif is located within the municipality, site of the 17th highest lake in the world, Laguna Glaciar.
Dorigo
Dorigo is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aldo Dorigo (1929-2025), Italian footballer

Marco Dorigo (born 1961), Italian scientist

Max Dorigo (born 1936), French basketball player

Tony Dorigo (born 1965), Australian-born English footballer

Aldo Dorigo
Aldo Dorigo (5 August 1929 – 15 January 2025) was an Italian professional footballer who made 161 appearances in Serie A playing for Triestina, Inter Milan and Alessandria. He died in Milan on 15 January 2025, at the age of 95.
Miss World Venezuela 2000
Miss World Venezuela 2000 was the first Miss World Venezuela pageant. It was held at the Venevisión Studios in Caracas, Venezuela on July 15, 2000.

At the end of the event, Martina Thorogood of Miranda crowned Vanessa Cárdenas of Zulia as Miss World Venezuela 2000. She represented Venezuela at the Miss World 2000 pageant.

Vanessa Cárdenas
Vanessa María Cárdenas Bravo (born May 4, 1981) is a Venezuelan model and beauty pageant titleholder. She was the representative of Venezuela at the Miss World 2000 pageant in London, United Kingdom on November 30, 2000. She was born in Maracaibo, Venezuela, the daughter of Chilean Sonia Bravo, a delegate of the 1968 Miss Chile pageant, who won the title of Miss Objetivo International 1968 in São Paulo, Brazil.
The History and Fall of Caius Marius
The History and Fall of Caius Marius is a tragedy written by English writer Thomas Otway. The play was first performed in 1679 and is indebted to William Shakespeare's tragedy, Romeo and Juliet. It is set during the Roman civil wars of Gaius Marius and his rival Sulla.

It was originally staged by the Duke's Company at the Dorset Garden Theatre in London. The cast included Thomas Betterton as Caius Marius, Joseph Williams as Sylla, William Smith as Marius Junior, Thomas Percival as Granius, Thomas Gillow as Metellus, Thomas Jevon as Cinna, Cave Underhill as  Sulpitius, James Nokes as Nurse and Elizabeth Barry as Lavinia. The published version was dedicated to the politician Lord Falkland.

It was first printed in 1680.

Elizabeth Barry
Elizabeth Barry (1658 – 7 November 1713) was an English actress of the Restoration period.

Elizabeth Barry's biggest influence on Restoration drama was her presentation of performing as the tragic actress. She worked in large, prestigious London theatre companies throughout her successful career: from 1675 in the Duke's Company, 1682–1695 in the monopoly United Company, and from 1695 onwards as a member of the actors' cooperative usually known as Betterton's Company, of which she was one of the original shareholders. Her stage career began 15 years after the first-ever professional actresses had replaced Shakespeare's boy heroines on the London stage.

The actor Thomas Betterton said that her acting gave "success to plays that would disgust the most patient reader", and the critic and playwright John Dennis described her as "that incomparable Actress changing like Nature which she represents, from Passion to Passion, from Extream to Extream, with piercing Force and with easy Grace".
Gretchen (film)
Gretchen is a 2006 film directed by Steve Collins, starring Courtney Davis as the title character. The film was Collins' first full-length feature and was based on his short film Gretchen & the Night Danger.

Becky Ann Baker
Becky Ann Baker (née Gelke; born February 17, 1953) is an American actress. She is best known for her roles as Jean Weir on the NBC comedy-drama series Freaks and Geeks (1999–2000) and as Loreen Horvath on the HBO comedy-drama series Girls (2012–2017); she earned two Critics' Choice Television Award nominations and a Primetime Emmy Award nomination for the latter.

Baker's film credits include Jacob's Ladder (1990), In & Out (1997), A Simple Plan (1998), Stay (2005), Nights in Rodanthe (2008), Hope Springs (2012), Table 19 (2017), The Half of It (2020), and Holler (2020).
Symmetry in mathematics
Symmetry occurs not only in geometry, but also in other branches of mathematics. Symmetry is a type of invariance: the property that a mathematical object remains unchanged under a set of operations or transformations.

Given a structured object X of any sort, a symmetry is a mapping of the object onto itself which preserves the structure. This can occur in many ways; for example, if X is a set with no additional structure, a symmetry is a bijective map from the set to itself, giving rise to permutation groups. If the object X is a set of points in the plane with its metric structure or any other metric space, a symmetry is a bijection of the set to itself which preserves the distance between each pair of points (i.e., an isometry).

In general, every kind of structure in mathematics will have its own kind of symmetry, many of which are listed in the given points mentioned above.

Elementary symmetric polynomial
In mathematics, specifically in commutative algebra, the elementary symmetric polynomials are one type of basic building block for symmetric polynomials, in the sense that any symmetric polynomial can be expressed as a polynomial in elementary symmetric polynomials.  That is, any symmetric polynomial P is given by an expression involving only additions and multiplication of constants and elementary symmetric polynomials.  There is one elementary symmetric polynomial of degree d in n variables for each positive integer d ≤ n, and it is formed by adding together all distinct products of d distinct variables.
Security Offences (Special Measures) Act 2012
The Security Offences (Special Measures) Act 2012 (Malay: Akta Kesalahan Keselamatan (Langkah-Langkah Khas) 2012, abbreviated SOSMA) is a controversial law supposedly "to provide for special measures relating to security offences for the purpose of maintaining public order and security and for connected matters". The Act is to replace the 1960 Internal Security Act (Malaysia). The Act was introduced by Malaysian Prime Minister Najib Razak, approved in Parliament on 17 April 2012, given the Royal Assent on 18 June 2012 and Gazetted on 22 June 2012.

Minister in the Prime Minister's Department
The Minister in the Prime Minister's Department (Malay: Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri; Jawi: منتري دجابتن ڤردان منتري‎) is a member of Cabinet of Malaysia who administers a portfolio through the Prime Minister's Department.
HMS Ariel (1911)
HMS Ariel was an Acheron-class destroyer built in 1911, which served during the First World War and sank in 1918 after striking a mine. Named after Shakespeare's "airy spirit", or the biblical spirit of the same name, she was the tenth and last ship of the name to serve in the Royal Navy.

Acheron-class destroyer
The Acheron class (renamed the I class in October 1913) was a class of twenty-three destroyers of the British Royal Navy, all built under the 1910–11 Programme and completed between 1911 and 1912, which served during the First World War.  There was considerable variation between the design and construction of ships within this class, which should be considered as more of a post-build grouping than a homogeneous class.
Danville Airport
Danville Airport (FAA LID: 8N8) is a public use airport in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is located three nautical miles (6 km) southwest of the central business district of Danville, a borough in Montour County. The airport is owned by the Montour & Northumberland County Commissioners.

Borough (Pennsylvania)
In the United States Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, a borough (sometimes spelled boro) is a self-governing municipal entity, equivalent to a town in most jurisdictions, usually smaller than a city, but with a similar population density in its residential areas.  Sometimes thought of as "junior cities", boroughs generally have fewer powers and responsibilities than full-fledged cities.
Buffy-fronted seedeater
The buffy-fronted seedeater (Sporophila frontalis) is a species of bird in the family Thraupidae.

It is found in eastern South America, mainly in far northeastern Argentina and along the southeastern Brazilian coastline. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest and subtropical or tropical moist montane forest. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Tanager
The tanagers (singular /ˈtænədʒər/) comprise the bird family Thraupidae, in the order Passeriformes. The family has a Neotropical distribution and is the second-largest family of birds. It represents about 4% of all avian species and 12% of the Neotropical birds.

Traditionally, the family contained around 240 species of mostly brightly colored fruit-eating birds. As more of these birds were studied using modern molecular techniques, it became apparent that the traditional families were not monophyletic. Euphonia and Chlorophonia, which were once considered part of the tanager family, are now treated as members of the Fringillidae, in their own subfamily (Euphoniinae). Likewise, the genera Piranga (which includes the scarlet tanager, summer tanager, and western tanager), Chlorothraupis, and Habia appear to be members of the family Cardinalidae, and have been reassigned to that family by the American Ornithological Society.
Carrick-on-Shannon
Carrick-on-Shannon (Irish: Cora Droma Rúisc, meaning 'weir of the marshy ridge') is the county town of County Leitrim in Ireland. It is the largest town in the county. A smaller part of the town located on the west bank of the River Shannon lies in County Roscommon and is home to the town's main train station. As of the 2022 census, the population of the town was 4,743. It is situated on a strategic crossing point of the River Shannon. The main part of the town, the County Leitrim part, is in the civil parish of Kiltoghert, which is in the barony of Leitrim, while Cortober, which is the County Roscommon side of the town, is in the civil parish of Killukin, in the barony of Boyle.

2022 census of Ireland
The 2022 census of Ireland was held on Sunday, 3 April 2022. It was organised by the Central Statistics Office (CSO) and reported a total population of 5,149,139, or an 8.1% increase since the prior 2016 census. It is the highest population recorded in a census since 1841 and the first time the population exceeded five million since 1851. The census results were released gradually between May and December 2023 in a series of reports organised either as summaries or in-depth results of specific themes, like age, ethnicity, or religion.

A census was originally planned for 18 April 2021, but was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Bert Morgan (photojournalist)
Bernard Stanley "Bert" Morgan (April 4, 1904 – September 19, 1986) was a British-born American photojournalist who covered the world of high society in Manhattan, Long Island, Saratoga, Palm Beach, Newport, and points in between from the 1930s to the 1980s. Morgan was born in England in 1904 and moved to the United States with his family at age seven. He died in 1986.

His dog photography was showcased in an exhibition at Wessel + O'Connor Fine Art in early 2006, and an exhibit of his works, Southampton Blue Book, 1930 to 1960: Photographs by Bert Morgan, which was based on a book of the same name drawn from the photographs he took of notable Hamptons residents, was shown at the Southampton Historical Museum in 2014. He was the first person known to take a photograph of Jackie Bouvier.

Halsey House (Southampton, New York)
The Halsey House is a historic house converted into a museum, in Southampton, New York. It was built circa 1683 by Thomas Halsey Jr., the son of pioneer Thomas Halsey Sr.

The house has been restored, and is open to the public as a museum. It is filled with many of the same items that were owned by Thomas Halsey's family and other relics. The collection on display includes 17th- and 18th-century furnishings, a Dominy clock, and a rare 16th-century Breeches Bible, this version speaks of Adam and Eve wearing "breeches made of fig leaves."
The Halsey estate in Southampton, New York, includes herb and flower gardens and an orchard that are overseen by the Southampton Colonial Society.

The Halsey House is also a common gathering place for social events and a variety of programs open to the public.