hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fencing at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Men's épée
The men's épée was one of eight fencing events on the fencing at the 1960 Summer Olympics programme. It was the thirteenth appearance of the event. The competition was held from 5 to 6 September 1960. 79 fencers from 32 nations competed. Each nation was limited to three fencers. The event was won by Giuseppe Delfino of Italy, the nation's sixth consecutive victory in the men's épée (twice as many all-time as the nation with the next most, France with three). Delfino, who had taken silver in 1956, was the seventh man to win multiple medals in the event. Silver went to Allan Jay of Great Britain and bronze to Bruno Habārovs of the Soviet Union, the first-ever medal in the event for both nations. It was the first time during Italy's gold-medal streak that the nation did not have a second medalist as well.

Épée
The épée (/ˈɛpeɪ, ˈeɪ-/, French: [epe]; lit. 'sword'), also rendered as epee in English, is the largest and heaviest of the three weapons used in the sport of fencing. The modern épée derives from the 19th-century épée de combat, a weapon which itself derives from the French small sword.

As a thrusting weapon, the épée is similar to a foil (contrasted with a sabre, which is designed for slashing). It has a stiffer blade than a foil. It is triangular in cross-section with a V-shaped groove called a fuller. The épée also has a larger bell guard designed to protect the user’s arm. In addition to the larger "bell" guard and blade, the épée weighs more than the foil and sabre which contributes to its reputation of being the slowest form of fencing. The techniques of use differ, as there are no rules regarding priority and a lack of right of way. Thus, immediate counterattacks are a common feature of épée fencing. The entire body is a valid target area.
Areti Abatzi
Areti Abatzi (born 14 May 1974) is a Greek discus thrower.

She finished sixth at the 2002 European Championships and ninth at the 2006 World Cup. She also competed at the 1997 World Championships without reaching the finals.

Her personal best throw is 62.95 metres, achieved in July 2001 in Patras. This places her fourth on the Greek all-time performers list, behind Ekaterini Voggoli, Anastasia Kelesidou and Styliani Tsikouna.

2006 IAAF World Cup
The 10th IAAF World Cup in Athletics was an international track and field sporting event, held under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations, which took place on 16 and 17 September 2006 at the Olympic Stadium in Athens, Greece.
Gloucestershire Regiment in World War I
The Gloucestershire Regiment was a line infantry regiment of the British Army. Before World War I it comprised two regular battalions, two reserve battalions, and two territorial battalions. During the war an additional 18 battalions were raised. In total 16 battalions of the Gloucestershire Regiment saw active service during World War I; on the Western Front in France and Flanders, Italy, Gallipoli, Egypt, Mesopotamia, Persia, and Salonika.

First Battle of the Aisne
The First Battle of the Aisne (French: 1ère Bataille de l'Aisne) was the Allied follow-up offensive against the right wing of the German First Army (led by Alexander von Kluck) and the Second Army (led by Karl von Bülow) as they retreated after the First Battle of the Marne earlier in September 1914. The Advance to the Aisne (6 September – 1 October) consisted of the Battle of the Marne (7–10 September) and the Battle of the Aisne (12–15 September).
Geosiris aphylla
Geosiris aphylla is a species in the flowering plant family Iridaceae, first described in 1894. It is endemic to Madagascar.

Geosiris aphylla is sometimes called the earth-iris. It is a small myco-heterotroph lacking chlorophyll and obtaining its nutrients from fungi in the soil.

Chlorophyll
Chlorophyll is any of several related green pigments found in cyanobacteria and in the chloroplasts of algae and plants. Its name is derived from the Greek words χλωρός (khloros, "pale green") and φύλλον (phyllon, "leaf"). Chlorophyll allows plants to absorb energy from light. Those pigments are involved in oxygenic photosynthesis, as opposed to bacteriochlorophylls, related molecules found only in bacteria and involved in anoxygenic photosynthesis.

Chlorophylls absorb light most strongly in the blue portion of the electromagnetic spectrum as well as the red portion. Conversely, it is a poor absorber of green and near-green portions of the spectrum. Hence chlorophyll-containing tissues appear green because green light, diffusively reflected by structures like cell walls, is less absorbed. Two types of chlorophyll exist in the photosystems of green plants: chlorophyll a and b.
Constance of Aragon, Princess of Villena
Constance of Aragon (4 April 1300 – 19 October 1327) (sometimes called Constanza) was an Aragonese princess by birth and the princess of Villena by marriage. She was the daughter of King James II of Aragon and his second wife Blanche of Anjou, a Neapolitan princess. She was also the maternal grandmother of King Ferdinand I of Portugal through her daughter Constance.

Ferdinand I of Portugal
Ferdinand I (Portuguese: Fernando; 31 October 1345 – 22 October 1383), sometimes called the Handsome (o Formoso) or occasionally the Inconstant (o Inconstante), was the King of Portugal from 1367 until his death in 1383. He was also briefly made King of Galicia, in 1369 (a claim which he would maintain until 1373). Facing a lack of legitimate male heirs, his death led to the 1383–85 crisis, also known as the Portuguese interregnum.
Philip Palmer Green
Philip Palmer Green is a theoretical and computational biologist noted for developing important algorithms and procedures used in gene mapping and DNA sequencing. He earned his doctorate from Berkeley in mathematics in 1976 with a dissertation on C*-algebra under the direction of Marc Rieffel, but transitioned from pure mathematics into applied work in biology and bioinformatics. Green has obtained numerous important results, including in developing Phred, a widely used DNA trace analyzer, in mapping techniques, and in genetic analysis. Green was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 2001 and won the Gairdner Award in 2002.

Marc Rieffel
Marc Aristide Rieffel is an American mathematician noted for his fundamental contributions to C*-algebra and quantum group theory. He is currently a professor in the department of mathematics at the University of California, Berkeley.

In 2012, he was selected as one of the inaugural fellows of the American Mathematical Society.
Queen Anne Bridge
Queen Anne Bridge is an historic  bridge over the Patuxent River near Queen Anne in Prince George's County, Maryland in the United States of America. It is the only surviving example of a Pratt truss bridge with Phoenix sections in the county.

Numerous bridges have been built on this site that once served as a main road connecting Anne Arundel County to Prince George's County. The first one was built in 1755 and by 1797 another wood bridge was built by local carpenter Colmor Duvall, only to be destroyed by a flood in June 1804.  In 1804, the bridge was immediately rebuilt.  The current structure was built about 1890 and was closed after the Anne Arundel span of the bridge collapsed due to an overloaded truck, circa 1960.  It remained open for pedestrian use until 2007 and remains standing, though fenced now preventing it from even allowing pedestrian use between county park land on both sides of the river.

Anne Arundel County, Maryland
Anne Arundel County (listenⓘ; /əˈrʌndəl/), also notated as AA or A.A. County, is located in the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2020 United States census, its population was 588,261, an increase of just under 10% since 2010. Its county seat is Annapolis, which is also the capital of the state. The county is named for Anne Arundell (c. 1615/1616–1649), Lady Baltimore, a member of the Arundell family in Cornwall, England, and the wife of Cecilius Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore (1605–1675), founder and first lord proprietor of the colony Province of Maryland. The county is part of the Central Maryland region of the state. Anne Arundel County is included in the Washington–Baltimore–Arlington combined statistical area.
Cetaphil
Cetaphil /ˈsiːtəfɪl/ or /ˈsɛtəfɪl/ is a line of skin care products from the Swiss company Galderma, including cleansers, bar soap, cream, lotion, and moisturizers. It was developed in 1947 in Texas and it is sold at grocery stores and pharmacies across the United States, Canada, India, and Nepal. Cetaphil products are also available in pharmacies in approximately 100 countries including in Australia, Hong Kong, South Korea, Indonesia, the Philippines, South Africa, Singapore, and some European, Latin American and Caribbean countries.

Prior to a change in formulation, Cetaphil cleanser ingredients were water, cetyl alcohol, propylene glycol, sodium lauryl sulfate, stearyl alcohol, methylparaben, propylparaben, butylparaben. However, in 2021 Cetaphil changed its formula, adding several new ingredients including niacinamide, panthenol, and glycerin.

Methylparaben
Methylparaben (methyl paraben) one of the parabens, is a preservative with the chemical formula CH3O2CC6H4OH. It is the methyl ester of p-hydroxybenzoic acid.  Several related esters are known (ethyl-, propyl-, butylparaben).  Together they are the most common preservatives in cosmetics and foods.  Among their advantages, parabens are inexpensive, colorless, stable, odorless, and readily biodegraded.
Sodanyaku
Sōdanyaku (相談役, lit. "official advisor") is a title given to senior members of Japanese companies and non-profit organizations. A sodanyaku is often a former president or chairman of the organization who has relinquished day-to-day control of the organization but continues to offer advice to its full-time managers. An advisor may be, but is not always, a director of the organization. Similar titles include chief consultant (最高顧問, saikō komon) and advisor emeritus (名誉相談役, meiyo sōdanyaku).

Corporate title
Corporate titles or business titles are given to corporate officers to show what duties and responsibilities they have in the organization. Such titles are used by publicly and privately held for-profit corporations, cooperatives, nonprofit organizations, educational institutions, partnerships, and sole proprietorships that also confer corporate titles.
Canton of Delle
The canton of Delle is an administrative division of the Territoire de Belfort department, northeastern France. Its borders were modified at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Delle.

It consists of the following communes:

Territoire de Belfort
The Territoire de Belfort (French pronunciation: [tɛʁitwaʁ də bɛlfɔʁ] ⓘ; lit. "Territory of Belfort") is a department in the northeastern French region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté. In 2020, the population was 140,120. The department, which spans a relatively small surface area of 609.4 km2 (235.3 sq mi), is situated just southwest of the European Collectivity of Alsace. It also shares a border with the Swiss canton of Jura to the southeast. Its prefecture is Belfort.
Nil Köksal
Nil Köksal is a Turkish-born Canadian radio and television journalist, serving as primary host of As It Happens on CBC Radio One. Previously, she was the weekday anchor of the radio network's World Report.

Köksal has worked for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation since 2001, and has been a member of the CBC News: Morning team since November 2005. She graduated from the University of British Columbia with a bachelor's degree and from Ryerson University with a Bachelor of Applied Arts in journalism. She was born in Istanbul, Turkey and raised in both Ontario and Vancouver.

In 2013, she won the Canadian Screen Award for Best Local Breaking News Reportage at the 1st Canadian Screen Awards, for her coverage of the death of Mariam Makhniashvili.

CBC Radio One
CBC Radio One is the English-language news and information radio network of the publicly owned Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. It is commercial-free and offers local and national programming. It is available on AM and FM to 98 percent of Canadians and overseas over the Internet, and through mobile apps. CBC Radio One is simulcast across Canada on Bell Satellite TV satellite channels 956 and 953, and Shaw Direct satellite channel 870.
A modified version of Radio One, with local content replaced by additional airings of national programming, is available on Sirius XM channel 169. It is downlinked to subscribers via SiriusXM Canada and its U.S.-based counterpart, Sirius XM Satellite Radio.

In 2010, Radio One reached 4.3 million listeners each week. It was the largest radio network in Canada.
Sequential coupling
In object-oriented programming, sequential coupling (also known as temporal coupling) is a form of  coupling where a class requires its methods to be called in a particular sequence.  This may be an anti-pattern, depending on context.

Methods whose name starts with Init, Begin, Start, etc. may indicate the existence of sequential coupling.

Using a car as an analogy, if the user steps on the gas without first starting the engine, the car does not crash, fail, or throw an exception - it simply fails to accelerate.

Sequential coupling can be refactored with the template method pattern to overcome the problems posed by the usage of this anti-pattern.

Car analogy
The car analogy is a common technique, used predominantly in engineering textbooks, to ease the understanding of abstract concepts in which a car, its composite parts, and common circumstances surrounding it are used as analogs for elements of the conceptual systems. The car analogy can be seen elsewhere, in textbooks covering other subjects and at various educational levels, such as explaining regulation of human temperature.
Char Fashion Municipality
Char Fashion Municipality (Bengali: চর ফ্যাশন পৌরসভা) is a town and municipality in Bhola District in Barisal Division, Bangladesh. It is the administrative headquarters and urban center of Char Fasson Upazila. It functions as the commercial and service center for Char Fasson Upazila. The municipality covers an area of approximately 31.7 km² and had a population of 42,915 at the 2011 census.

Barisal Division
Barisal Division (Bengali: বরিশাল বিভাগ, romanized: Borishal Bibhag; Bengali pronunciation: [boriʃal bibʱag]) is one of the eight administrative divisions of Bangladesh. Located in the south-central part of the country, it has an area of 13,225 km2 (5,106 sq mi), and a population of 9,325,820 at the 2022 census. It is the least populous division in Bangladesh. It is bounded by Dhaka Division on the north, the Bay of Bengal on the south, Chittagong Division on the east and Khulna Division on the west. The administrative capital, Barisal city, lies in the Padma River delta on an offshoot of the Arial Khan River. Barisal division is criss-crossed by numerous rivers that earned it the nickname Dhan-Nodi-Khal, Ei tin-e Borishal (rice, river and canal built Barisal).
Mitsubishi 4M4 engine
The Mitsubishi 4M4 engine is a range of four-cylinder diesel piston engines from Mitsubishi Motors, first introduced in the second generation of their Montero/Pajero/Shogun SUVs. They superseded the previous 4D5 engine family, main differences are enlarged displacements and the utilization of one or two over-head camshafts. Originally available only as a 2835 cc intercooled turbo, detail improvements in 1996 and a larger 3.2 litre option in 1999 served to improve power, torque, fuel economy and emissions. The final version has 3.0 litres swept volume and Common rail direct injection.

Exhaust gas
Exhaust gas or flue gas is emitted as a result of the combustion of fuels such as natural gas, gasoline (petrol), diesel fuel, fuel oil, biodiesel blends, or coal. According to the type of engine, it is discharged into the atmosphere through an exhaust pipe, flue gas stack, or propelling nozzle. It often disperses downwind in a pattern called an exhaust plume.

It is a major component of motor vehicle emissions (and from stationary internal combustion engines), which can also include crankcase blow-by and evaporation of unused gasoline.

Air pollution from burning fossil fuels is estimated to kill over 5 million people each year. Motor vehicle emissions are a common source of air pollution and are a major ingredient in the creation of smog in some large cities.
Sini Latvala
Sini Tuuli Susanne Latvala (née Pöyry, born 3 February 1980 in Kankaanpää) is a retired female hammer thrower from Finland. Her personal best throw is 69.16 metres, achieved in July 2004 in Kaustinen. She was nicknamed "Sintsa".

Kankaanpää
Kankaanpää (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈkɑŋkɑːmˌpæː]) is a town and municipality of Finland. Kankaanpää was founded in 1865, became a township in 1967 and finally a town in 1972. It is located in the crossroads of Hämeenkangas and Pohjankangas ridges. It belongs to the region of Satakunta. Kankaanpää has a population of about 12,600 inhabitants, which makes it the third largest municipality in the Satakunta region in terms of population, after the city of Pori and the town of Rauma. Pori is located 53 kilometres (33 mi) southwest of Kankaanpää.

The coat of arms of Kankaanpää has its theme from the early days of the municipality's settlement, the origin of which is depicted with a golden pine tree in the middle of forest areas. The coat of arms was designed by Carolus Lindberg and was confirmed on 12 October 1951.

Honkajoki municipality was merged with Kankaanpää on 1 January 2021.
What's Cookin' Doc?
What's Cookin' Doc? is a 1943-produced, 1944 Warner Bros. cartoon in the Merrie Melodies series, directed by Bob Clampett, and stars Bugs Bunny. The short was also written by Michael Sasanoff, and was animated by Robert McKimson, along with uncredited work by Rod Scribner, Phil Monroe and Virgil Ross. The film was released on January 8, 1944.

The title is a variant on Bugs' catch-phrase "What's up Doc?". It also hints at one of the scenes in the picture.

Phil Monroe
Philip Monroe (October 31, 1916 – July 13, 1988) was an American animator and director best known for working for Warner Bros. Cartoons under the supervision of Chuck Jones. Monroe had also worked for UPA.
Imprudence (horse)
Imprudence (1947 – 1967) was a French Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare. She showed very promising form as a two-year-old in 1949 when she won two races and finished second in the Prix de la Salamandre. She reached her peak in the first half of the following year when she won the Poule d'Essai des Pouliches and the 1000 Guineas before recording an emphatic victory in the Epsom Oaks. She made little impact when competing in the United States as a four-year-old. She had some success as a broodmare.

1000 Guineas Stakes
The 1000 Guineas Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old fillies. It is run on the Rowley Mile at Newmarket over a distance of 1 mile (1,609 metres), and takes place each year in late April or early May on the Sunday following the 2000 Guineas Stakes.

It is the second of Britain's five Classic races, and the first of two restricted to fillies. It can also serve as the opening leg of the Fillies Triple Crown, followed by the Oaks and the St Leger, but the feat of winning all three is rarely attempted.
Government Museum, Salem
The Salem Government Museum, located in Salem, Tamil Nadu, India, is a prominent museum dedicated to preserving and showcasing the rich cultural, historical, and artistic heritage of the region. Established in 1976, the museum serves as an educational and cultural resource for both locals and visitors. Also this is first district museum in Tamilnadu which is established by peoples.

Salem, Tamil Nadu
Salem (pronounced [seːlam] ⓘ) is a major tier II city in Salem district, located on the banks of the Thirumanimutharu river in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu surrounded by mountains. Salem is the fifth largest urban agglomeration in the state, and the third largest metropolitan region. The city is 124 km2 (48 sq mi) large.
2-deoxy-scyllo-inosose synthase
2-deoxy-scyllo-Inosose synthase (EC 4.2.3.124, btrC (gene), neoC (gene), kanC (gene)) is an enzyme with systematic name D-glucose-6-phosphate phosphate-lyase (2-deoxy-scyllo-inosose-forming). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

D-glucose 6-phosphate  2-deoxy-L-scyllo-inosose + phosphate

This enzyme requires Co2+.

Glucose 6-phosphate
Glucose 6-phosphate (G6P, sometimes called the Robison ester) is a glucose sugar phosphorylated at the hydroxy group on carbon 6. This dianion is very common in cells as the majority of glucose entering a cell will become phosphorylated in this way.

Because of its prominent position in cellular chemistry, glucose 6-phosphate has many possible fates within the cell. It lies at the start of two major metabolic pathways: glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway.

In addition to these two metabolic pathways, glucose 6-phosphate may also be converted to glycogen or starch for storage. This storage is in the liver and muscles in the form of glycogen for most multicellular animals, and in intracellular starch or glycogen granules for most other organisms.
Get Up! (Beverley Knight song)
"Get Up!" is a song by Beverley Knight, taken from her third studio album, Who I Am. The track was released on 15 October 2001. It was showcased with a performance at the 2001 MOBO Awards.

The single became Knight's third top 20 hit in Britain when it debuted and peaked at number seventeen upon its release.

Who I Am (Beverley Knight album)
Who I Am is the third studio album by British singer-songwriter Beverley Knight. It was released by Parlophone Records on 29 March 2002 in the United Kingdom. The album entered the UK Albums Chart at number 7, becoming Knight's first top ten album. It went on to be certified gold by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI), and earned Knight several awards nominations, most notably the prestigious Mercury Music Prize in 2002, and Best British Female and Best Urban Act at the 2003 BRIT Awards.
Zodiac Watches
Zodiac Watches, or simply Zodiac, is an American brand of Swiss-made watches founded in 1882 by Ariste Calame in Le Locle, Switzerland. The company mostly focuses on its dive watches through its Sea Wolf line, one of the first modern dive watches, which debuted in 1953, before the Rolex Submariner and after Blancpain Fifty Fathoms. Although Zodiac was acquired by Fossil Group in 2001, its manufacturing remained in Bienne, Switzerland. Zodiac and Fossil Group are headquartered in Richardson, Texas.

Richardson, Texas
Richardson is a city in Dallas and Collin counties in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 United States census, the city had a total population of 119,469. Richardson is an inner suburb of the city of Dallas.

It is home to the University of Texas at Dallas and the Telecom Corridor, with a high concentration of telecommunications companies. More than 5,000 businesses have operations within Richardson's 28 square miles (73 km2), including many of the world's largest telecommunications and networking companies, such as AT&T, Verizon, Cisco Systems, Samsung, ZTE, MetroPCS, Texas Instruments, Qorvo, and Fujitsu. Richardson's largest employment base is provided by the insurance industry, with Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Texas's headquarters, a regional hub for the insurance company GEICO, regional offices for United Healthcare, and one of State Farm Insurance's three national regional hubs located in the community.