hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Bedford Reader
The Bedford Reader is a college composition textbook published by the Bedford/St. Martin's publishing company. It is edited by X. J. Kennedy, Dorothy M. Kennedy, and Jane E. Aaron.  It is widely used in freshman composition courses at colleges across the United States.

The eleventh edition of the book is composed of over seventy essays, one short story, and one poem. It is divided into eleven sections by the various methods of development: narration, description, example, comparison and contrast, analysis, process analysis, classification, cause and effect, definition, argument and persuasion, along with a section on mixing the methods.

The fourteenth edition is the latest edition so far, published in 2019.

Process analysis
Process analysis is a form of technical writing and expository writing "designed to convey to the reader how a change takes place through a series of stages".

While the traditional process analysis and a set of instructions are both organized chronologically, the reader of a process analysis is typically interested in understanding the chronological components of a system that operates largely without the reader's direct actions (such as how the body digests an apple), while the reader of a set of instructions intends to use the instructions in order to accomplish a specific, limited task (such as how to bake an apple pie). By contrast, the reader of a mechanism description is more interested in an object in space (such as the form and nutritional value of a particular kind of apple).
Chimanimani Mountains
The Chimanimani Mountains are a mountain range on the border of Zimbabwe and Mozambique. The mountains are in the southern portion of the Eastern Highlands, or Manica Highlands, a belt of highlands that extend north and south along the international border, between the Zambezi and Save rivers.

The Chimanimani Mountains include Monte Binga (2,436 m), the highest peak in Mozambique and the second-highest in Zimbabwe. The mountains are home to diverse forests, savannas, montane grasslands, and heathlands. Zimbabwe's Chimanimani National Park and Mozambique's adjacent Chimanimani National Reserve protect parts of the range. These two parks, together with a larger buffer zone, constitute the Chimanmani Transfrontier Conservation Area.

Pteridium aquilinum
Pteridium aquilinum, commonly called bracken, brake, pasture brake, common bracken, and also known as eagle fern, is a species of fern occurring in temperate and subtropical regions in both hemispheres. Originally native to Eurasia and North America, the extreme lightness of its spores has led to it achieving a cosmopolitan distribution.
The Good Companions (play)
The Good Companions is a 1931 play by J.B. Priestley and Edward Knoblock, based on Priestley's 1929 novel of the same title about a touring concert party. The music was composed by Richard Addinsell.

It was first performed at the Princes of Wales's Theatre in Birmingham before beginning its West End run at His Majesty's Theatre before transferring to the Lyric. It lasted for 331 performances between 14 May 1931 and 27 February 1932. The cast included John Gielgud, Adele Dixon, Edward Chapman, Ellen Pollock, Edith Sharpe and Frank Pettingell. Several of the actors reprised their roles for the 1933 film adaptation, notably Gielgud.

A New York production the same year staged by Julian Wylie lasted for 68 performances.

The Good Companions
The Good Companions is a novel by the English author J. B. Priestley.

Written in 1929, it follows the fortunes of a concert party on a tour of England. It is Priestley's most famous novel and established him as a national figure. It won the James Tait Black Memorial Prize and was adapted twice into film.
Eemeli Salomäki
Eemeli Niko Antero Salomäki (born 11 October 1987 in Turku) is a Finnish pole vaulter.

He competed at the World Junior Championships in 2006 and at the World Championships in 2009 without reaching the final.

His personal best vault is 5.60 metres, achieved in August 2009 in Espoo.

In the 2010 season he equalled his personal best mark at the 2010 European Athletics Championships, but this mark was not enough to gain him qualification into the final. He focused on the Finnish Elite Games meeting series that summer and placed third overall in the jackpot rankings after winning the Joensuu meet.

2010 European Athletics Championships
The 2010 European Athletics Championships were the 20th edition of the European Athletics Championships, organised under the supervision of the European Athletic Association. They were held at the Estadi Olímpic Lluís Companys in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain from 27 July to 1 August 2010. Barcelona was the first Spanish city to host the European Championships.

Barni was the mascot of the event, he was the main promotional tool of the Championship. His name comes from Barna and was designed by the workshop Dortoka.
Lal Dena
Lal Dena (born 11 January 1939) is a historian of modern South Asia with special interest in Manipur and Mizoram. He is a retired professor of Manipur University and the former Vice Chancellor of Sangai International University, Churachandpur. He is from the Hmar tribe.

Hmar people
Hmar people are a scheduled tribe ethnic group from the states of Manipur, Mizoram, Assam, and Meghalaya in Northeast India. They use the Hmar language as their primary language. In 2023, the Hmar Inpui, an apex body of the tribe 'reaffirmed' the identity of the Hmar people as Mizo.
Dastgheib
Dastgheib is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abdol Hossein Dastgheib (1913–1981), Iranian imam

Abdolali Dastgheib (born 1931), Iranian literary critic, writer, translator and author

Abdol Hossein Dastgheib
Abdol Hossein Dastgheib (Persian: سید عبدالحسین دستغیب) (8 December 1913 – 11 December 1981). He was appointed Imam of Friday Prayer and one of the representatives of the Supreme Leader in Shiraz. He was a Mujtahid, expert in Arabic language, theology, revealed texts, and the principles of jurisprudence (Usul al-fiqh).
Dumbarton Football Stadium
The Dumbarton Football Stadium, known as the Marbill Coaches Stadium and commonly known as The Rock, is a stadium in Dumbarton, Scotland, used mostly for football matches; it is the home ground of Dumbarton Football Club. The stadium has a capacity of 2,020, and was built in 2000 after the move away from Dumbarton's former home, Boghead Park. It was built on part of the site formerly occupied by Denny's shipyard. The stadium is 5–10 minutes walk from Dumbarton East railway station on the North Clyde Line. Dumbarton have the third smallest stadium in the SPFL.

North Clyde Line
The North Clyde Line (defined by Network Rail as the Glasgow North Electric Suburban line) is a suburban railway in West Central Scotland. The route is operated by ScotRail. As a result of the incorporation of the Airdrie–Bathgate rail link and the Edinburgh–Bathgate line, this route has become the fourth rail link between Glasgow and Edinburgh.
Tamiya-ryū
Tamiya-ryū can refer to two different iaijutsu ryūgi:

"Ta-miya"-ryū (田宮流), an iaijutsu koryū founded by Tamiya Heibei Norimasa (田宮平兵衞重正)

"Tami-ya"-ryū (民弥流), an iaijutsu koryū founded by Tamiya Gon'emon Muneshige (民弥権右衛門宗重)

Ryū (school)
Ryū (流; mainly used as a suffix, meaning style, type, form, manner, system, school, used here in the sense of ryūha (流派, a school or a school of thought)) is the Japanese term referring to a school in any discipline. The kanji itself is commonly used as a suffix.

In English, the word is frequently used to refer to schools of Japanese martial art, although it can also be found used in other disciplines (for example Nihon-koryū and Sōgetsu-ryū in ikebana, Kantei-ryū in calligraphy, etc.).
Shenzhou International
Shenzhou International Group Holdings Limited is a Chinese clothing manufacturer. With over 97,000 employees, it produces more than 250,000 metric tons of fabric and 550 million garments annually.

The company works closely with NIKE, UNIQLO, adidas, PUMA, lululemon, and many others. In response to global apparel demand, it established production bases in Phnom Penh, Cambodia; Ningbo and Anqing, China; and Ho Chi Minh City and Tây Ninh, Vietnam.

The chairman is Ma Jianrong, who started as a factory worker and rose to become a multi-billionaire.

Tây Ninh province
Tây Ninh is a province in the Southeast region of Vietnam, with the new provincial capital was located at Long An Ward (formerly as Tân An City, Long An province) (old provincial capital Tây Ninh City, Tây Ninh Province changed to Tân Ninh Ward).

Tây Ninh province is located between Ho Chi Minh City and Phnom Penh, in Southern Key Economic Zone. Tây Ninh City is 99 km away from Ho Chi Minh City following National Route 22 and 40 km away from the border with Cambodia to the northwest.

Followers of the Cao Dai, who dominate the area, have built a Holy See in Tây Ninh. The region also has concentrations of the Hòa Hảo, a rival Buddhist sect. The area is noted for its large rubber and sugar plantations; rice and coconuts are also harvested.

The province has a population of 1,169,165 (in 2019) and an area of 4,041.65 km2 (1,560.49 mi2).
2014 Grand Prix el Salvador
The 2014 Grand Prix el Salvador was a one-day women's cycle  race held in El Salvador on March 8 2014 over 93.2 km from San Marcos to Zaragoza. The race has an UCI rating of 1.1 and was won by  the Belarusian Alena Amialiusik of Astana BePink.

Alena Amialiusik
Alena Vasileŭna Amialiusik (Belarusian: Алена Васільеўна Амялюсік; born 6 February 1989) is a Belarusian road bicycle racer, who rides for UCI Women's WorldTeam UAE Team ADQ.

She competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in the Women's road race, finishing 15th. She was announced as a member of the Velocio–SRAM squad for the 2015 season. She also competed in the 2015 European Games for Belarus, in cycling, more specifically, the women's road race and earned a gold medal. At the World Championships in Richmond, she also won a gold medal on the team time trial with her team Velocio–SRAM. In November 2015 she was announced as part of the Canyon–SRAM team's inaugural squad for the 2016 season.  At the 2016 Olympics, she competed in both the road race and the time trial.

Amialiusik spent seven seasons with the Canyon–SRAM team, before signing a two-year contract to ride for UAE Team ADQ from the 2023 season.
Linwood, South Australia
Linwood is a settlement in South Australia. It is in the Mid North region and spans the Horrocks Highway (Main North Road) halfway between Templers and Tarlee on the southern bank of the Light River in the Hundred of Light. The wooden  bridge over the River Light was washed away in a flood in 1889. A new, higher, stone bridge was opened in 1891.

The public school at Linwood was referred to as the "Hundred of Light School" after it opened in 1903. There was also a Methodist church and a post office. None remain in use.

Horrocks Highway
Horrocks Highway (formerly known as Main North Road) is a major north–south arterial route through regional South Australia, between Quorn in the Flinders Ranges, and Gawler, on the north-eastern fringe of suburban Adelaide.
Okimoto
Okimoto is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Dana Okimoto (1966–), American Branch Davidian

Jerry T. Okimoto (1924–1998), a Japanese-American artist

Kevin Okimoto, a Hawaiian singer and musician

Masaki Okimoto (沖本 摩幸, born 1982), a Japanese professional wrestler

Poliana Okimoto (1983–), Brazilian swimmer

Val Okimoto, American politician (surname acquired by marriage)

Okimoto is also a masculine Japanese given name. Notable people with the name include:

Mōri Okimoto (毛利 興元, 1492–1516), head to the Mōri clan

Masaki Okimoto
Masaki Okimoto (沖本 摩幸, Okimoto Masaki) (born May 21, 1982) is a Japanese professional wrestler from Neyagawa, Japan; he's a current member of the Michinoku Pro Wrestling roster as Rasse (ラッセ). He mainly uses a high-flying style.
Rezo (film)
Rezo (Russian: Знаешь, мама, где я был?, romanized: Znaesh', mama, gde ya byl, lit. 'Do you know, mom, where I have been?') is a 2018 Russian animated semi-autobiographical film directed by Leo Gabriadze based on the memories and illustrations of his father, theatre and film director, writer and artist Rezo Gabriadze. Produced by the Bazelevs Company with the support of the Russian Ministry of Culture, the film had its world premiere on 23 April 2018 in the showroom and cinema halls of the GUM. The film won Best Animated Feature Film at the 12th Asia Pacific Screen Awards.

Ministry of Culture (Russia)
The Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation (Russian: Министерство культуры Российской Федерации; Минкультуры России, romanized: Ministerstvo kultury Rossiiskoi Federatsii) is a ministry of the Government of Russia responsible for state policy in cultural spheres such as art, cinematography, archives, copyright, cultural heritage, and censorship.
Adetokunbo Ademola
Omoba Sir Adetokunbo Adegboyega Ademolalistenⓘ GCON KBE PC SAN (1 February 1906 – 29 January 1993) was a Nigerian jurist who was the Chief Justice of Nigeria from 1958 to 1972. He was appointed as Chief Justice on 1 April 1958, succeeding Sir Stafford Foster-Sutton, who was retiring. Ademola was a son of Oba Sir Ladapo Ademola II, the Alake of the Egba clan of Nigeria. He was the first chancellor of the University of Benin.

Sir
Sir is a formal honourific address in English for men, derived from Sire in the High Middle Ages. Both are derived from the old French "Sieur" (Lord), brought to England by the French-speaking Normans, and which now exists in French only as part of "Monsieur" lit. 'my lord'.

Traditionally, as governed by law and custom, Sir is used for men who are knights and belong to certain orders of chivalry, as well as later applied to baronets and other offices.

As the female equivalent for knighthood is damehood, the suo jure female equivalent term is typically Dame. The wife of a knight or baronet tends to be addressed as Lady, although a few exceptions and interchanges of these uses exist.

Additionally, since the late modern period, Sir has been used as a respectful way to address a man of superior social status or military rank. Equivalent terms of address for women are Madam (shortened to Ma'am), in addition to social honourifics such as Mrs, Ms, or Miss.
Future Knight
Future Knight is a 2D, flip screen platform game released by Gremlin Graphics in 1986 for the Amstrad CPC, Commodore 64, MSX, and ZX Spectrum. The player must guide Randolph through twenty levels of hostile robots and aliens before defeating Spegbott and rescuing Amelia.

Gremlin Interactive
Gremlin Graphics Software Limited, later Gremlin Interactive Limited and ultimately Infogrames Studios Limited, was a British video game developer based in Sheffield. Like many software houses established in the 1980s, their primary market was the 8-bit range of home computers such as the ZX Spectrum, Amstrad CPC, MSX, Commodore 16 and Commodore 64. The company was acquired by French video game publisher Infogrames in 1999 and was renamed Infogrames Studios in 2000. Infogrames Studios closed down in 2003.
Richard Stayner
Vice-Admiral Sir Richard Stayner (1625–1662) was an English naval officer who supported the Parliamentary cause during the English Civil War and the Interregnum. During the First Anglo-Dutch War he commanded the Foresight in actions at Portland (February 1653), the Gabbard (June 1653) and in the Battle of Scheveningen (29–31 July 1653). During the Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1660), he won renown and a fortune in prize money when he captured a great part of the Spanish West Indian treasure fleet off Cádiz in 1656. He was knighted by the Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell for services in Admiral Robert Blake's destruction of Spanish ships at Santa Cruz, 1657. He was a rear-admiral of the fleet which brought Charles II to England in 1660. He was again knighted at the Restoration. He died at Lisbon, while serving as vice-admiral of the Mediterranean fleet.

Battle of Portland
The naval Battle of Portland, or Three Days' Battle, took place during 18–20 February 1653 (28 February – 2 March 1653 (Gregorian calendar)), during the First Anglo-Dutch War, when the fleet of the Commonwealth of England under General at Sea Robert Blake was attacked by a fleet of the Dutch Republic under Lieutenant-Admiral Maarten Tromp escorting merchant shipping through the English Channel.

The battle failed to settle supremacy of the English Channel, although both sides claimed victory, and ultimate control over the Channel would only be decided at the Battle of the Gabbard which allowed the English to blockade the Dutch coast until the Battle of Scheveningen, where Admiral Maarten Tromp was killed in a firefight.
Tuppence Middleton
Tuppence Amelia Middleton (born 21 February 1987) is an English actress. In 2010, she was nominated for the London Evening Standard Film Awards for Most Promising Newcomer.

Middleton appeared in various films before making her breakthrough in Morten Tyldum's historical drama The Imitation Game (2014), and subsequently appeared in The Wachowskis' science fiction film Jupiter Ascending (2015), Alfonso Gomez-Rejon's historical drama The Current War (2017), David Fincher's film Mank (2020), and the historical drama films Downton Abbey (2019) and Downton Abbey: A New Era (2022).

She made her first television appearance in Bones (2008) and subsequently appeared as a guest in New Tricks (2010), Friday Night Dinner (2011), and Lewis (2013). She also appeared as Jem in the Black Mirror episode "White Bear" (2013), as Miss Havisham in Dickensian (2015–2016), as Russian princess Hélène Kuragina in War & Peace (2016), and as Riley "Blue" Gunnarsdóttir in Sense8 (2015–2018).

Dickensian (TV series)
Dickensian is a British drama television series that premiered on BBC One from 26 December 2015 to 21 February 2016. The 20-part series, created and co-written by Tony Jordan, brings characters from many Charles Dickens' novels together in one Victorian London neighborhood, as Inspector Bucket investigates the murder of Ebenezer Scrooge's partner Jacob Marley.
1869 Liskeard by-election
The 1869 Liskeard by-election was fought on 11 May 1869.  The by-election was fought due to the death of the incumbent MP of the Liberal Party, Sir Arthur Buller.  It was won by a Liberal candidate Edward Horsman, who was opposed by a more advanced Liberal, Francis Lycett, due to Horsman's perceived moderation.

Arthur William Buller
Sir Arthur William Buller (5 September 1808 – 30 April 1869) was a British Liberal Party Member of Parliament, who in his early career served as head of a commission of inquiry into education reform in Lower Canada.
Aeronautica Umbra Trojani AUT.18
The AUT.18 was a prototype fighter aircraft developed in Italy by Aeronautica Umbra shortly before the outbreak of World War II. It was designed in 1934 by Felice Trojani, who at that time was collaborating with Umberto Nobile on the Arctic flights of the airships Norge and Italia. The aircraft's designation came from initials of the manufacturer, the surname of the designer, and the aircraft's wing area (18 m2), the sole prototype receiving the serial no. M.M.363.

Breda-SAFAT machine gun
Breda Mod. SAFAT cal. 7,7  and Breda Mod. SAFAT cal. 12,7, also known as Breda Mod. SAFAT 7.7 and Breda Mod. SAFAT 12.7, 7.7mm Breda-SAFAT and 12.7mm Breda-SAFAT, or more commonly as Breda-SAFAT 7.7 and Breda-SAFAT 12.7 were two Italian machine guns designed for aircraft use. Designed by Giuseppe Mascarucci, the guns were chambered to fire the standard ammunition in service with the Regia Aeronautica: 7.7 mm (0.303 in) and 12.7 mm (0.500 in) calibres, predominantly ball, tracer for the 7.7mm, including high explosive incendiary tracer (HEI-T) (filled with 0.8 grams of PETN), or armour-piercing (AP) for the 12.7mm.
Steppenwolf (character)
Steppenwolf (German for "Steppe wolf") is a supervillain appearing in comic books published by DC Comics. Created by writer-artist Jack Kirby, the character first appeared in New Gods #7 (February 1972). A New God and military general from the planet Apokolips, Steppenwolf is Darkseid's uncle and subordinate who commands his army of Parademons.

The character is featured in the DC Extended Universe, portrayed by Ciarán Hinds via motion capture.

Supervillain
A supervillain, supervillainess or supercriminal is a variant of the villainous stock character. The character is a common archetype in comic books and other popular culture, often acting as the primary adversary of superheros.

Supervillains are often noted for their ability to foil heroes through the use of superpowers, their mental or physical capabilities, or their criminal influence, often creating grandiose schemes for nefarious purposes, such as world domination.
Tomisan Prefectural Natural Park
Tomisan Prefectural Natural Park (県立富山自然公園, Kenritsu Tomisan shizen kōen) is a Prefectural Natural Park in southern Chiba Prefecture, Japan. First designated for protection in 1951, the park's central feature is Mount Tomi. The park is wholly within the municipality of Minamibōsō.

Minamibōsō
Minamibōsō (南房総市, Minamibōsō-shi) is a city located in Chiba Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 November 2020, the city had an estimated population of  37,143 in 17,175 households and a population density of 160 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 230.22 square kilometres (88.89 sq mi), making it the fifth largest city in Chiba Prefecture in terms of area.

Minamibōsō is an area of historical relics and shrines. The city's slogan is 「ひと・ゆめ・みらい　地域で創る魅力の郷　南房総」, which translates to "People, Dreams, Future. A Village With Locally Grown Appeal, Minamibōsō." Minamibōsō is known for flowers, uchiwa fans (房州うちわ), loquat fruit, whaling (捕鯨), and surfing. It is currently tied in first place for the city with the most roadside stations selling locally produced goods in Japan.
James S. Ketchum
James Sanford Ketchum (November 1, 1931 – May 27, 2019) was a psychiatrist and U.S. Army Medical Corps officer who worked for almost a decade (1960–1969) on the U.S. military’s top secret psychochemical warfare program at the Edgewood Arsenal, Maryland, which researched chemicals to be used to "incapacitate the minds" of adversaries.

Psychochemical warfare
Psychochemical warfare involves the use of psychopharmacological agents (mind-altering drugs or chemicals) with the intention of incapacitating an adversary through the temporary induction of hallucinations or delirium. These agents, often called "drug weapons", are generally considered chemical weapons and, more narrowly, constitute a specific type of incapacitating agent.

Although never developed into an effective weapons system, psychochemical warfare theory and research—along with overlapping mind control drug research—was secretly pursued in the mid-20th century by the US military and Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) in the context of the Cold War. These research programs were ended when they came to light and generated controversy in the 1970s. The degree to which the Soviet Union developed or deployed similar agents during the same period remains largely unknown.
1985 Association of Mid-Continent Universities baseball tournament
The 1985 Association of Mid-Continent Universities Tournament took place from May 10 through 12. The top 4 regular season finishers of the league's seven teams met in the double-elimination tournament held at Monier Field, home of the Eastern Illinois in Charleston, Illinois. Southwest Missouri State won the tournament for the second time.

Coaches Stadium at Monier Field
Coaches Stadium at Monier Field is a baseball venue in Charleston, Illinois, United States.  It is home to the Eastern Illinois Panthers baseball team of the NCAA Division I Ohio Valley Conference. It has a capacity of 500 spectators. Eastern Illinois' baseball program has used the field since its 1982 move to Division I. Originally known simply as Monier Field, the facility was renamed after 2002 renovations, which added chairback seating, a press box, a sprinkler system, brick dugouts, and concessions.  Fourteen red brick pillars, one for each of Eastern Illinois' 14 baseball coaches, surround the stadium.