hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mazda V-twin engine
The Mazda V-twin engine was an air-cooled V-twin engine produced by Mazda in the early 1960s. This was Mazda's first automobile engine, before a more common inline-four engine configuration was introduced.

Reciprocating engine
C. Crankshaft

E. Exhaust camshaft

I. Intake camshaft

P. Piston

R. Connecting rod

S. Spark plug

W. Water jacket for coolant flow

V. Valves

A reciprocating engine, more often known as a piston engine, is a heat engine that uses one or more reciprocating pistons to convert high temperature and high pressure into a rotating motion. This article describes the common features of all types. The main types are: the internal combustion engine, used extensively in motor vehicles; the steam engine, the mainstay of the Industrial Revolution; and the Stirling engine for niche applications. Internal combustion engines are further classified in two ways: either a spark-ignition (SI) engine, where the spark plug initiates the combustion; or a compression-ignition (CI) engine, where the air within the cylinder is compressed, thus heating it, so that the heated air ignites fuel that is injected then, in a diesel engine, or earlier, in a hot bulb engine.
Kaji Pratha
Kaji Pratha (Nepali: काजी प्रथा) is the honorary hereditary practice that originated from medieval period in Nepal.

Ganesh Pande was the first Kaji under King Dravya Shah of Gorkha Kingdom. He helped Dravya Shah to become King of Gorkha and was later appointed Kaji of Gorkha in 1559 A.D. Another significant Kaji of Gorkha was Kalu Pande born in the family of Ganesh Pande. He was son of Bhimraj Pande who was also a Kaji during the reign of King Nara Bhupal Shah.

Nara Bhupal Shah
Nara Bhupal Shah (Nepali: नरभूपाल शाह; 1697–1743) was a king of the Gorkha Kingdom, which lies in modern day Nepal; and the father of Prithvi Narayan Shah. Nara Bhupal Shah was the son of Birbhadra Shah, the grandson of Prithvipati Shah. He was the king of the Gorkha state in Nepal. He unsuccessfully tried to extend his kingdom by capturing Nuwakot.

After his death, his eldest son, Prithvi Narayan Shah, annexed Nuwakot and even the Kathmandu Valley, in his conquest of a unified Nepal.
West Africa Cable System
The West Africa Cable System (WACS) is a submarine communications cable linking South Africa with the United Kingdom along the west coast of Africa that was constructed by Alcatel-Lucent. The cable consists of four fibre pairs and is 14,530 km in length, linking from Yzerfontein in the Western Cape of South Africa to London in the United Kingdom. It has 14 landing points, 12 along the western coast of Africa (including Cape Verde and Canary Islands) and 2 in Europe (Portugal and England) completed on land by a cable termination station in London. The total cost for the cable system is $650 million.
WACS was originally known as the Africa West Coast Cable (AWCC) and was planned to branch to South America but this was dropped and the system eventually became the West African Cable System.

Vodacom
Vodacom Group Limited is a South African mobile communications company, providing voice, messaging, data and converged services to over 130 million customers across Africa.

From its roots in South Africa, Vodacom has grown its operations to include networks in Egypt, Tanzania, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Mozambique, and Lesotho, and provides business services to customers in over 32 African countries, including Nigeria, Zambia, Angola, Kenya, Ghana, Côte d'Ivoire, and Cameroon.
General Motors EN-V
General Motors EN-V (Electric Networked-Vehicle) is a 2-seat urban electric concept car jointly developed by Segway Inc. and General Motors that can be driven normally or operated autonomously.

Designed for urban environments and around an extrapolation of the P.U.M.A. prototype announced by GM and Segway in 2009, the EN-V was unveiled at the joint GM & SAIC pavilion at the Expo 2010 in Shanghai from 1 May through 31 October 2010. Three different vehicles are showcased, 笑 Xiao (Laugh), 骄 Jiao (Pride) and 妙 Miao (Magic).

In October 2011 General Motors announced  its decision to develop a second concept EN-V under the Chevrolet badge for use in field testing and demonstration programs, beginning in Tianjin, China.  In June 2014 General Motors announced it would commence testing of the four wheel EN-V 2.0 at the Tianjin Eco-city

A-segment
The A-segment is the first category in the passenger car classification system defined by the European Commission. It is used for city cars, the smallest category of passenger cars defined.

A-segment sales represented approximately 4.2% of the European market in 2024. It is approximately equivalent to the kei car class in Japan.
D.L. Evans Sr. Bungalow
The D.L. Evans Sr. Bungalow, located at 203 N. Main St in Malad City, Idaho, was built in 1915.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

It is a Bungalow/craftsman-style house built in 1915.  Its NRHP nomination deems it "significant architecturally as an elaborate, expensive, unusual, and almost pristine example of the bungalow style. It is also significant in the social history of Malad and Idaho as the residence of one of its foremost families; a family which, not incidentally, had a business interest in the popularization of bungalows."

National Register of Historic Places architectural style categories
In the United States, the National Register of Historic Places classifies its listings by various types of architecture.  Listed properties often are given one or more of 40 standard architectural style classifications that appear in the National Register Information System (NRIS) database.   Other properties are given a custom architectural description with "vernacular" or other qualifiers, and others have no style classification.  Many National Register-listed properties do not fit into the several categories listed here, or they fit into more specialized subcategories.
CUBIC TCP
CUBIC is a network congestion avoidance algorithm for TCP which can achieve high bandwidth connections over networks more quickly and reliably in the face of high latency than earlier algorithms. It helps optimize long fat networks.

In 2006, the first CUBIC implementation was released in Linux kernel 2.6.13. Since kernel version 2.6.19, CUBIC replaces BIC-TCP as the default TCP congestion control algorithm in the Linux kernel.

MacOS adopted TCP CUBIC with the OS X Yosemite release in 2014, while the previous release OS X Mavericks still used TCP New Reno.

Microsoft adopted it by default in Windows 10.1709 Fall Creators Update (2017), and Windows Server 2016 1709 update.

Windows 10 version history
Windows 10 is a major release of the Windows NT operating system developed by Microsoft. Microsoft described Windows 10 as an "operating system as a service" that would receive ongoing updates to its features and functionality, augmented with the ability for enterprise environments to receive non-critical updates at a slower pace or use long-term support milestones that will only receive critical updates, such as security patches, over their five-year lifespan of mainstream support. It was released on July 29, 2015.
2015–16 ISU Speed Skating World Cup – World Cup 1 – Women's 500 metres
The women's 500 metres races of the 2015–16 ISU Speed Skating World Cup 1, arranged in the Olympic Oval, in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, were held on 13 and 15 November 2015.

Lee Sang-hwa of South Korea won the first race, while Zhang Hong of China came second, and Brittany Bowe of the United States came third. Marsha Hudey of Canada won the first Division B race.

In the second race, Zhang was the winner, with Lee in second place, and Heather Richardson-Bergsma of the United States in third. Yekaterina Aydova of Kazakhstan won the second Division B race.

Zhang Hong (speed skater)
Zhang Hong (Chinese: 张虹; pinyin: Zhāng Hóng; Mandarin pronunciation: [ʈʂáŋ xʊ̌ŋ]; born 12 April 1988), alternatively spelled as Chang Hung is a Chinese long track speed skater, known best from her gold medal in the 1000 meters in the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi.

Previously Zhang won a bronze medal in the 2012 World Sprint Championships. She set two personal records and received bronze medal in the 500 meters (28 January 2012). Her total points record for the championships (all four races) was the third best of all times. She started her skating career in 2008 and had victories in the Chinese National Winter Games 2012 where she represented the People's Liberation Army delegation.

Zhang is the current holder of the Chinese records on 500 and 1000 metres. In 2018, she became a member of the International Olympic Committee (IOC). She is an executive board member of the Chinese Olympic Committee.
Richard Irvine Best
Richard Irvine Best (17 January 1872 – 25 September 1959) was born at 3 Bishop Street in Derry, Ireland. He was often known as R. I. Best, or simply Best to his close friends and family. He was an Irish scholar, specifically a philologist and bibliographer, who specialised in Celtic Studies.

George Moore (novelist)
George Augustus Moore (24 February 1852 – 21 January 1933) was an Irish novelist, short-story writer, poet, art critic, memoirist and dramatist. Moore came from a landed family of Catholics who lived at Moore Hall in Carra, County Mayo. He originally wanted to be a painter, and studied art in Paris during the 1870s. There, he befriended many of the leading French artists and writers of the day.

As a naturalistic writer, he was amongst the first English-language authors to absorb the lessons of the French realists, and was particularly influenced by the works of Émile Zola. His writings influenced James Joyce, according to the literary critic and biographer Richard Ellmann, and, although Moore's work is sometimes seen as outside the mainstream of both Irish and British literature, he is as often regarded as the first great modern Irish novelist.
Otavnik
Otavnik (pronounced [ɔˈtaːu̯nik]) is a settlement southeast of Tržišče in the Municipality of Sevnica in east-central Slovenia. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is included in the Lower Sava Statistical Region.

Municipality of Sevnica
The Municipality of Sevnica (Slovene: Občina Sevnica) is a municipality along the Sava and the Mirna Rivers in southeastern Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Sevnica. Today it is part of the Lower Sava Statistical Region. It is the 12th-largest municipality by area in Slovenia.
East Antrim Hockey Club
East Antrim Hockey Club was a men's field hockey club in Northern Ireland, founded in 1902. It was based in Newtownabbey, County Antrim, Northern Ireland, 7 miles north of Belfast. It was affiliated to the Ulster Branch of the Irish Hockey Association and was one of the oldest clubs in Irish hockey. The club's motto was Non Sibi Cunctus. Its local rivals were Larne Hockey Club.

East Antrim celebrated its centenary year in 2002, with a series of events including a recreation of the club's first-ever game against Down, which it played in period costume. In 2003, East Antrim hosted their first invitational tournament in nearly 20 years. It folded circa 2005.

Hockey Ireland
Hockey Ireland, previously known as the Irish Hockey Association, is the governing body for field hockey in both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. It is responsible for organising both the Ireland men's national field hockey team and the Ireland women's national field hockey team, as well as national leagues and cup competitions. Hockey Ireland is mainly funded through grants as well as small contributions from Sport Ireland, Sport Northern Ireland and the Olympic Council of Ireland. In 2013 Hockey Ireland became a limited company. Approximately 168 clubs and 280 schools are affiliated to Hockey Ireland.
Giedrius Gustas
Giedrius Gustas (born 4 March 1980) is a former Lithuanian professional basketball player. At the height of 1.90 m (6'2 3⁄4") tall and a weight of 86 kg (190 lbs.), he mainly played at the point guard position. During his club playing career, as a member of Žalgiris Kaunas, he won the EuroLeague championship in 1999. As a member of the Barons LMT, he won the Europe Cup championship in 2008. He was also a member of the senior Lithuanian national team, and with Lithuania, he won the gold medal at the 2003 EuroBasket and the bronze medal at the 2007 EuroBasket.

Latvijas Basketbola līga
The Latvian Basketball League (LBL; Latvian: Latvijas Basketbola līga) also known as Optibet LBL for sponsorship reasons, is the top-level national basketball championship in Latvia composed of 6 teams. Since 2018/19, only the playoff matches are played, as the top Latvian clubs play the regular season in the Latvian–Estonian Basketball League. The LBL is governed by the Latvian Basketball Association, the national governing body of basketball in Latvia.

Its 6 teams are located in 5 cities; two in Riga, and one in Ventspils, Liepāja, Valmiera, and Ogre. The LBL season usually ran from September to April, with the playoffs in April–May. The league was founded in 1992, and its first season was played in the same year.
Delta24-sterol reductase
In enzymology, Delta24-sterol reductase (EC 1.3.1.72) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction.

The three substrates of this enzyme are 5α-cholesta-7,24-dien-3β-ol, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), and a proton. Its products are lathosteol and oxidised NADP+. The enzyme can act on other sterol sidechain double bonds, for example to produce cholesterol and lanosterol.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-CH group of donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is sterol:NADP+ Delta24-oxidoreductase. This enzyme is also called lanosterol Delta24-reductase, and it participates in biosynthesis of steroids.

Lanosterol
Lanosterol is a tetracyclic triterpenoid and is the compound from which all animal and fungal steroids are derived. By contrast, plant steroids are produced via cycloartenol. In the eyes of vertebrates, lanosterol is a natural constituent, having a role in maintaining health of the lens.  Lanosterol is the precursor to cholesterol.
Dasht-e-Tanhai
Dasht-e-Tanhai (Urdu: دشت تنہائی) is a popular Urdu Nazm with the title "Yaad". It was written by Faiz Ahmed Faiz. Originally composed by Mehdi Zaheer for Iqbal Bano, a premier Pakistani ghazal and semi-classical singer, it was later sung by Tina Sani and Meesha Shafi (Coke Studio).

Iqbal Bano
Iqbal Bano (Urdu: اِقبال بانو; born 1928 in Delhi – died 21 April 2009 in Lahore) was a Pakistani singer who specialized in ghazal. She is popularly known by her honorific title Malika-e-Ghazal (The Queen of Ghazal) in both Pakistan and India. She was known for her semi-classical Urdu ghazal songs and classical thumris, but also sang easy-listening numbers in the 1950s films. In 1974, she became the recipient of the Pride of Performance award.
Madawi al-Rasheed
Madawi al-Rasheed, FBA (Arabic: مضاوي الرشيد; born (1962-10-00)October 1962) is a British citizen of Saudi origin and a professor of social anthropology. Al-Rasheed has held a position at the Department of Theology and Religious Studies in King's College London and as a  Visiting Professor at the Middle East Centre at the London School of Economics and Political Science. She gives occasional lectures in the United States, Europe, and the Middle East. She is the granddaughter of Muhammad bin Talāl al-Rashid, the last prince of the Emirate of Ha'il, which was conquered by the Al-Saud in the early 20th century. She has written several books and articles in academic journals on the Arabian Peninsula, Arab migration, globalisation, gender, and religious transnationalism. As of 2016, she is a Visiting Research Professor at the Middle East Institute at the National University of Singapore.

Emirate of Jabal Shammar
The Emirate of Jabal Shammar (Arabic: إِمَارَة جَبَل شَمَّر, romanized: Imārah Jabal Shamaar), also known as the Emirate of Haʾil (إِمَارَة حَائِل) or the Rashidi Emirate (إِمَارَة آل رَشِيْد), was a state in the northern part of the Arabian Peninsula, including Najd, existing from the mid-nineteenth century to 1921. Shammar had been a confederation in the Arabian Peninsula. Jabal Shammar in English is translated as the "Mountain of Shammar". Jabal Shammar's capital was Ha'il. It was led by the monarchy of the Rashidi dynasty. It included parts of modern-day Saudi Arabia, Iraq, and Jordan.
Earthcott
51°34′11″N 2°30′27″W﻿ / ﻿51.56972°N 2.50750°W﻿ / 51.56972; -2.50750

Earthcott (or Earthcott Green) is a hamlet in the civil parish of Alveston in South Gloucestershire, England, between Latteridge and Rudgeway on the B4059 road between the A38 road and Yate. It has a letter box and a small village green, but no other services. Its main industry is farming.

The place-name 'Earthcott' is first attested in the Domesday Book of 1086, where it appears as 'Herdicote'. It derives from the Old English 'eorthe-cot' meaning 'earth hut' ('cot' as in the modern English words 'dovecote' and 'cottage').

Traditions of Earthcott include a village bonfire night, and Christmas Eve carol singing, normally done on the back of a tractor-trailer, with regular stops for mince pies and hot toddy.

Earthcott should not be confused with the nearby hamlet of Gaunt's Earthcott.

There is a small 1870 Wesleyan Chapel now converted into a house. Last service 1969.

Yate
Yate is a town and civil parish in South Gloucestershire, England. It lies just to the southwest of the Cotswold Hills and is 12 miles (19 kilometres) northeast of Bristol and 12 miles (19 kilometres) from Bath.

Developing from a small village into a town from the 1950s onwards, the 2021 UK census listed Yate's parish population as 23,703. The market town of Chipping Sodbury (population 5,045) is contiguous with Yate to the east. In addition, a large southern section of the built-up area spills over into the parish of Dodington (population 8,206), and as a result, the total population of Yate's urban area is estimated at 35,000.
Taekwondo at the 2010 Central American and Caribbean Games
The taekwondo competition at the 2010 Central American and Caribbean Games was held in Mayagüez, Puerto Rico.

The tournament was scheduled to be held from 27 to 29 July at the Wilfredo Toro Field at Porta del Sol.

Mayagüez, Puerto Rico
Mayagüez (Spanish pronunciation: [maʝaˈɣwes], locally [maʝaˈweʔ]) is the ninth-largest municipality in Puerto Rico. It was founded as Pueblo de Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria de Mayagüez (Township of Our Lady of Candelaria), and is also known as La Sultana del Oeste (The Sultaness of the West), Ciudad de las Aguas Puras (City of Pure Waters), or Ciudad del Mangó (Mango City). On April 6, 1894, the Spanish Crown granted it the formal title of Excelente Ciudad de Mayagüez (Excellent City of Mayagüez). Mayagüez is located in the center of the western coast on the island of Puerto Rico. It has a population of 73,077, and it is the principal city of the Mayagüez Metropolitan Statistical Area (pop. 213,831) and the Mayagüez–Aguadilla, PR Combined Statistical Area (pop. 467,599).
Martin Grover
Martin Grover (October 20, 1811 Hartwick, Otsego County, New York – August 23, 1875 Angelica, Allegany County, New York) was an American lawyer, jurist, and politician from New York. He served one term in the United States House of Representatives from 1845 to 1847 and later as a justice on the New York Supreme Court from 1857 to 1867.

Allegany County, New York
Allegany County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 46,456. Its county seat is Belmont. Its name derives from a Lenape word, applied by European-American settlers of Western New York State to a trail that followed the Allegheny River; they also named the county after this. The county is part of the Western New York region of the state.

The county is bisected by the Genesee River, flowing north to its mouth on Lake Ontario. During the mid-nineteenth century, the Genesee Valley Canal was built to link southern markets to the Great Lakes and Mohawk River. The county was also served by railroads, which soon superseded the canals in their capacity for carrying freight. Part of the Oil Springs Reservation, controlled by the Seneca Nation, is located in the county.
Elias Owen (footballer)
Elias Owen (1863 – 20 September 1888) was a Welsh amateur footballer who made three appearances as a goalkeeper for the Wales national team in 1884. He killed himself while depressed over the outcome of his college final examinations.

Ruthin
Ruthin (/ˈrɪθɪn/ ⓘ RITH-in; Welsh: Rhuthun) is a market town and community in Denbighshire, Wales, in the south of the Vale of Clwyd. The town, castle and St Peter's Square lie on a hill, skirted by villages such as Pwllglas and Rhewl. The name comes from the Welsh rhudd ('red') and din ('fort'), after the colour of sandstone bedrock, from which the castle was built in 1277–1284. The Old Mill, Ruthin, is nearby. Maen Huail, a registered ancient monument associated with King Arthur and with Hueil mab Caw, the brother of the historian Gildas, stands in St Peter's Square.
Koiak 11
Koiak 10 – Coptic calendar – Koiak 12

The eleventh day of the Coptic month of Koiak, the fourth month of the Coptic year. On a common year, this day corresponds to December 7, of the Julian calendar, and December 20 of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Peret, the season of emergence. This day falls in the Nativity Fast.

Koiak
Koiak (/ˈkɔːjæk/; Coptic: Ⲕⲟⲓⲁⲕ, [ˈkɔjak]), also known as Choiak (Ancient Greek: Χοιάκ, Khoiák) and Kiyahk (Coptic: Ⲕⲓⲁϩⲕ, Kiahk, [ˈkijahk]; Arabic: كياك or كيهك), is the fourth month of the ancient Egyptian and Coptic calendars. It lasts between 10 December and 8 January of the Gregorian calendar, or between 11 December and 9 January of the Gregorian calendar in Coptic calendar years immediately following a Coptic calendar leap year (which occur every four years, in Coptic calendar years immediately preceding those that are divisible by 4 to produce an integer; i.e., 1719, 1723, 1727, 1731, etc. are all examples of leap years in the Coptic calendar).

The month of Koiak is also the fourth month of the Season of Akhet (Inundation) in Ancient Egypt, when the Nile floods historically covered the land. They have not done so since the construction of the High Dam at Aswan.
Orgyia thyellina
Orgyia thyellina, the white-spotted tussock moth, is a species of moth of the subfamily Lymantriinae first described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1881..

The wingspan is 21–29 mm for males and 30–42 mm for females of the first two generations.

The larvae mainly feed on Rosaceae species, including mulberry (Morus), Pyrus, Prunus avium, Prunus domestica and Malus. Other recorded food plants include Rosa, Prunus persica, Salix, Betula, Quercus, Acer negundo, Wisteria, Kennedia, Clianthus puniceus, and Citrus × paradisi.

Malus
Malus (/ˈmeɪləs/ or /ˈmæləs/) is a genus of about 32–57 species of small deciduous trees or shrubs in the family Rosaceae, including the domesticated orchard apple, crab apples (sometimes known in North America as crabapples) and wild apples.

The genus is native to the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere.