hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rowallane Garden
Rowallane Garden is a National Trust property located immediately south of Saintfield, County Down, Northern Ireland on the A7 road. It is particularly noted for its extensive collection of azaleas and rhododendrons. It is also home to the National Collection of penstemons. It opened on 16 May 1956 by Cynthia Brooke, Viscountess Brookeborough after being taken over by the National Trust in July 1955.

Penstemon
Penstemon /ˈpɛnstɪmən/, the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 280 species of flowering plants native to North America from northern Canada to Central America. It is the largest genus of flowering plants endemic to North America. As well as being the scientific name, penstemon is also widely used as a common name for all Penstemon species alongside beardtongues.

Formerly placed in the family Scrophulariaceae by the Cronquist system, new genetic research has placed it in the vastly expanded family Plantaginaceae. The total number of species is disagreed upon due to ongoing research into if some of the named species are actually subspecies or illegitimate concepts of previously described species.
Melaghar Camp
Melaghar Camp was a training camp for Bengali guerrilla fighters during the Bangladesh Liberation War. In a cabinet meeting of the Provisional Government of Bangladesh, held on July 11, 1971, the Bangladesh Forces were divided into eleven sectors. Melaghar, near Agartala, India, was the headquarters of sector two.

Melaghar
Melaghar is a small town located in the Indian state of Tripura and a Municipal Council in Sipahijala district, situated about 50 km (approx. 30 miles) from the capital Agartala. It is a neighbour to Sonamura and 10 km (6 miles) away from the Bangladesh International border. Neermahal is a famous tourist attraction in the town, situated in the middle of Rudrasagar Lake.
Drtina
Drtina (Czech pronunciation: [ˈdr̩cɪna]; feminine: Drtinová) is a Czech surname. The word drtina means 'particle of sawdust'. It may be, e.g., a nickname for a very small person. Notable people with the surname include:

Daniela Drtinová (born 1970), Czech TV presenter and journalist

Jiří Drtina (born 1985), Czech ice hockey player

Marek Drtina (born 1989), Czech ice hockey player

Marek Drtina
Marek Drtina (born June 5, 1989) is a Czech professional ice hockey defenceman. He is currently a free agent.

He played with HC Pardubice in the Czech Extraliga during the 2010–11 Czech Extraliga season. He eventually left the Czech league and joined the France professional league, Ligue Magnus, in 2018.
Sylvester domain
In mathematics, a Sylvester domain, named after James Joseph Sylvester by Dicks & Sontag (1978),  is a ring in which Sylvester's law of nullity holds. This means that if A is an m by n matrix, and B is an n by s matrix over R, then

ρ(AB) ≥ ρ(A) + ρ(B) – n

where ρ is the inner rank of a matrix. The inner rank of an m by n matrix is the smallest integer r such that the matrix is a product of an m by r matrix and an r by n matrix.

Sylvester (1884) showed that fields satisfy Sylvester's law of nullity and are, therefore, Sylvester domains.

James Joseph Sylvester
James Joseph Sylvester (3 September 1814 – 15 March 1897) was an English mathematician. He made fundamental contributions to matrix theory, invariant theory, number theory, partition theory, and combinatorics.  He played a leadership role in American mathematics in the later half of the 19th century as a professor at the Johns Hopkins University and as founder of the American Journal of Mathematics.  At his death, he was a professor at Oxford University.
Above the fold
Above the fold is the upper half of the front page of a newspaper or tabloid where an important news story or photograph is often located. Papers are often displayed to customers folded so that only the top half of the front page is visible. Thus, an item that is "above the fold" may be one that the editors feel will entice people to buy the paper. Alternatively, it reflects a decision, on the part of the editors, that the article is one of the day's most important. By extension, the space above the fold is also preferred by advertisers, since it is the most prominent and visible even when the newspaper is on stands.

The term can be used more generally to refer to anything that is prominently displayed or of highest priority. Above the fold is sometimes used in web development to refer the portions of a webpage that are visible without further scrolling or clicking. In contrast, portions available via clickthrough are sometimes described as "after the jump".

Tabloid (newspaper format)
A tabloid is a newspaper format characterized by its compact size, smaller than a broadsheet. The term originates from the 19th century, when the London-based pharmaceutical company Burroughs Wellcome & Co. used the term to describe compressed pills, later adopted by newspapers to denote condensed content. There are two main types of tabloid newspaper: red tops and compact, distinguished by editorial style.

Red top tabloids are distinct from broadsheet newspapers, which traditionally cater to more affluent, educated audiences with in-depth reporting and analysis. However, the line between tabloids and broadsheets has blurred in recent decades, as many broadsheet newspapers have adopted tabloid or compact formats to reduce costs and attract readers.

Globally, the tabloid format has been adapted to suit regional preferences and media landscapes. In countries like Germany and Australia, tabloids such as Bild and The Daily Telegraph have significant readerships and political clout.
Pinkins
Pinkins is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Al Pinkins (born 1972), American basketball coach

Eric Pinkins (born 1991), American football player

Kruize Pinkins (born 1993), American basketball player

Pollie Anne Myers Pinkins (1932–2003), American civil rights activist

Tonya Pinkins (born 1962), American actress and filmmaker

Al Pinkins
Leroy Al Pinkins (born December 8, 1972) is an American college basketball coach and former player who is currently an assistant coach for the Ole Miss Rebels men's basketball team. Pinkins was previously an assistant coach for the Texas Tech Red Raiders basketball team.
Vesuvius (How I Met Your Mother)
"Vesuvius" is the nineteenth episode of the ninth season of the CBS sitcom How I Met Your Mother, and the 203rd episode overall. The episode features Ted in 2024, telling the Mother about the day of Robin and Barney's wedding. The final scene prompted some to think that the Mother was dead; this was proven correct in the series finale, "Last Forever".

Robin Scherbatsky
Robin Charles Scherbatsky Jr. is a fictional character created by Carter Bays and Craig Thomas for the CBS television series How I Met Your Mother, portrayed by Cobie Smulders.

Robin is the on and off love interest of Ted Mosby (Josh Radnor) and Barney Stinson (Neil Patrick Harris), and a close friend to Lily Aldrin (Alyson Hannigan) and Marshall Eriksen (Jason Segel).
Paul Green (footballer, born 1983)
Paul Jason Green (born 10 April 1983) is a former professional footballer who played as a midfielder during his playing career.

Green spent seven years at Doncaster Rovers, where he played more than 250 matches and earned three promotions in five years (from the non-league to the Football League Championship) as well as winning the Football League Trophy. Green spent four years at Derby before leaving in 2012. A central midfielder, Green can also play as a right winger or as a right-back in emergencies. He has also played for Derby County, Leeds United, Ipswich Town, Rotherham United, Oldham Athletic and Crewe Alexandra

A full Republic of Ireland international, he made his debut in May 2010 and was selected in the UEFA Euro 2012 squad, appearing as a substitute against Spain.

2011 Nations Cup
The 2011 Nations Cup (also known as the Carling Nations Cup after its headline sponsor) was a round-robin football tournament between the Northern Ireland, Republic of Ireland, Scotland, and Wales national teams. The first set of two games were played in Dublin in February, with the remaining four games played in May 2011. It was won by the Republic of Ireland, who won all three of their games without conceding a goal.
Politotdel, Russia
Politotdel (Russian: Политотде́л) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Politotdel, Republic of Adygea, a khutor in Koshekhablsky District of the Republic of Adygea

Politotdel, Republic of Bashkortostan, a selo in Shestayevsky Selsoviet of Davlekanovsky District of the Republic of Bashkortostan

Politotdel, Lipetsk Oblast, a settlement in Petrovsky Selsoviet of Dobrinsky District of Lipetsk Oblast

Politotdel, Omsk Oblast, a settlement in Lyubino-Malorossky Rural Okrug of Lyubinsky District of Omsk Oblast

Davlekanovsky District
Davlekanovsky District (Russian: Давлека́новский райо́н; Bashkir: Дәүләкән районы, Däwläkän rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the center of the republic and borders with Blagovarsky and Chishminsky Districts in the north, Karmaskalinsky District in the northeast, Aurgazinsky District in the east, Alsheyevsky District in the south, Belebeyevsky District in the west, and with Buzdyaksky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 1,907 square kilometers (736 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Davlekanovo (which is not administratively a part of the district). As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 18,392.
Ajmal Khan Lahori
Ajmal Khan (1930 – 21 May 2002) was a Pakistani Islamic scholar, elocutionist and politician. He was the patron of Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam and the founder of Jamia Rahmania in Gujjar Singh. He was considered as one of the great Khatibs of his time and for this reason he got the title of Khatib-e-Islam (preacher of Islam).

Haripur District
Haripur District (Hindko, Urdu: ضلع ہری پور) is a district in the Hazara Division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Before obtaining the status of a district in 1991, Haripur was a tehsil of Abbottabad District Its headquarters are the city of Haripur. According to 2023 Pakistani census population of Haripur District is 1,173,056 (1.1 million).
Kooringal High School
Kooringal High School (abbreviated as KHS) is a government-funded co-educational dual modality partially academically selective and comprehensive secondary day school, located in Kooringal, a suburb of Wagga Wagga in the Riverina region of New South Wales, Australia.

Established in 1973, the school enrolled approximately 860 students in 2018, from Year 7 to Year 12, of whom nine percent identified as Indigenous Australians and six percent were from a language background other than English. The school is operated by the NSW Department of Education; the principal is Helen Schmetzer.

Department of Education (New South Wales)
The New South Wales Department of Education, a department of the Government of New South Wales, is responsible for the delivery and co-ordination of early childhood, primary school, secondary school, vocational education, adult, migrant and higher education in the state of New South Wales, Australia.

The department was preceded by the Board of National Education and Council of Education, and has been formerly known by a number of names, including Department of Public Instruction, the Department of Education and Training (DET) between December 1997 and April 2011, and the Department of Education and Communities (DEC) between April 2011 and July 2015.

The department's powers are principally drawn from the Education Act, 1990  (NSW).
Joseph Ransohoff
Dr. Joseph Ransohoff, II (July 1, 1915 – January 30, 2001) was a member of the Ransohoff family and a pioneer in the field of neurosurgery. In addition to training numerous neurosurgeons, his "ingenuity in adapting advanced technologies" saved many lives and even influenced the television program Ben Casey. Among other innovations, he created the first intensive care unit dedicated to neurosurgery, pioneered the use of medical imaging and catheterization in the diagnosis and treatment of brain tumors, and helped define the fields of pediatric neurosurgery and neuroradiology.

Intensive care unit
An intensive care unit (ICU), also known as an intensive therapy unit or intensive treatment unit (ITU) or critical care unit (CCU), is a special department of a hospital or health care facility that provides intensive care medicine.

An intensive care unit was defined by the task force of the World Federation of Societies of Intensive and Critical Care Medicine as "an organized system for the provision of care to critically ill patients that provides intensive and specialized medical and nursing care, an enhanced capacity for monitoring, and multiple modalities of physiologic organ support to sustain life during a period of life-threatening organ system insufficiency."

Patients may be referred directly from an emergency department or from a ward if they rapidly deteriorate, or immediately after surgery if the surgery is very invasive and the patient is at high risk of complications.
Nogaysky District
Nogaysky District is the name of several administrative and municipal districts in Russia:

Nogaysky District, Republic of Dagestan, an administrative and municipal district of the Republic of Dagestan

Nogaysky District, Karachay–Cherkess Republic, an administrative and municipal district of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic

Nogaysky District, Karachay-Cherkess Republic
Nogaysky District (Russian: Нога́йский райо́н; Nogay: Ногай районы, Noğay rayonı; Kabardian: Нэгъуей куей; Karachay-Balkar: Ногъай район, Noğay rayon) is an administrative and a municipal district (raion), one of the ten in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, Russia. It is located in the north of the republic. The area of the district is 202 square kilometers (78 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a settlement) of Erken-Shakhar. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 15,659, with the population of Erken-Shakhar accounting for 26.7% of that number.
Up-Park Camp
Up-Park Camp (often Up Park Camp) was the headquarters of the British Army in Jamaica from the late 18th century to independence in 1962.  From that date, it has been the headquarters of the Jamaica Defence Force.  It is located in the heart of Kingston. There is a heliport there which is used by the Jamaica Defence Force.

The mortality rate of British soldiers in Jamaica was very high, particular as a result of yellow fever.  A 156-acre (0.63 km2) estate known as Up Park Pen was purchased by the War Department in 1784, to set up barracks.  However, the mortality rate fell only when many were posted away to a hill station at Newcastle, high in the Blue Mountains.

The camp expanded in the 19th century, and was a base for the West India Regiments.

War Department (United Kingdom)
The War Department was the United Kingdom government department responsible for the supply of equipment to the armed forces of the United Kingdom and the pursuance of military activity. In 1857, it became the War Office. Within the War Office, the name 'War Department' remained in use to describe the military transport services of the War Department Fleet and the War Department Railways.
Gila Apache
The Gila Apache, also known as Gileños, Gilans, or Apaches de Xila, are a Southern Athabaskan-speaking Apache community Indigenous to southwestern New Mexico, southeastern Arizona, and northern Mexico. Their homelands included the Gila, Mimbres, Mogollon, Black Range, Hatch, Monticello Canyon (Cañada Alamosa), and Mesilla Valley regions. Spanish colonial sources sometimes used the spelling Xila, which later developed into the modern form Gila.

The Fort Thorn Treaty of 1855 concluded between the United States and the Mimbres Bands of Gila Apache, identifying different bands and sub-band leaders from different regions. Today, descendants of the Gila Apache are based in Doña Ana County, New Mexico, and have family ties throughout Sierra, Socorro, Catron, Grant, Luna and Hidalgo Counties.

Mogollon Mountains
The Mogollon Mountains or Mogollon Range (/mʌɡɪˈjoʊn/ or /moʊɡəˈjoʊn/) are a mountain range in Grant County and Catron County of southwestern New Mexico, in the Southwestern United States. They are primarily protected within the Gila National Forest.
Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques Act, 1994
Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques (PCPNDT) Act, 1994 is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted to stop female foeticide and arrest the declining sex ratio in India. The act banned prenatal sex determination. Every genetic counselling centre, genetic laboratory or genetic clinic engaged in counselling or conducting pre-natal diagnostics techniques, like in vitro fertilisation (IVF) with the potential of sex selection (Preimplantation genetic diagnosis) before and after conception, comes under purview of the PCPNDT Act and is banned.

Ultrasound
Ultrasound is sound with frequencies greater than 20 kilohertz. This frequency is the approximate upper audible limit of human hearing in healthy young adults. The physical principles of acoustic waves apply to any frequency range, including ultrasound. Ultrasonic devices operate with frequencies from 20 kHz up to several gigahertz.

Ultrasound is used in many different fields. Ultrasonic devices are used to detect objects and measure distances. Ultrasound imaging or sonography is often used in medicine. In the nondestructive testing of products and structures, ultrasound is used to detect invisible flaws. Industrially, ultrasound is used for cleaning, mixing, and accelerating chemical processes. Animals such as bats and porpoises use ultrasound for locating prey and obstacles.
Party Founding Museum
The Party Founding Museum is a museum located in the Central District of Pyongyang, North Korea, on the south side of Mt. Haebang. The building was constructed by the Japanese occupation government in 1923. It was used as the South Pyongan Provincial Products Exhibition Center, and then the Chojiya Department Store Pyongyang Branch. After the Japanese defeat, it became the headquarters of the Central Organising Committee of the Communist Party of North Korea. In October 1970 it was turned into a museum dedicated to founding of the party. Nearby, and also part of the museum, is the modest house he inhabited during his early days as president of North Korea.

Eternal leaders of North Korea
The eternal leaders of North Korea or eternal leaders of Korea (officially the eternal leaders of Juche Korea) are honorary titles accorded to deceased leaders of North Korea. The phrase was used in a line of the preamble to the Constitution, as amended on June 30, 2016, and in subsequent revisions.

It reads (in the original version):

Under the leadership of the Workers' Party of Korea, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea and the Korean people will uphold the Great Leader Comrade Kim Il Sung as the eternal President of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea and Comrade Kim Jong Il as the eternal Chairman of the National Defence Commission of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea [...]
2006 BDO Classic Canadian Open
The 2006 BDO Classic Canadian Open curling Grand Slam tournament was held January 5–8, 2006 at the MTS Centre in Winnipeg, Manitoba.

Jeff Stoughton and his hometown Winnipeg rink of Jon Mead, Garry Vandenberghe and Steve Gould won his third career Grand Slam event, defeating Calgary's John Morris rink in the final.

Canada Life Centre
Canada Life Centre (formerly Bell MTS Place and originally MTS Centre) is an indoor arena in downtown Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. It is the home of the National Hockey League's Winnipeg Jets and their American Hockey League affiliate, the Manitoba Moose.

The arena stands on the site of the former Eaton's Winnipeg store, and is owned and operated by True North Sports & Entertainment. The 440,000 square feet (41,000 m2) building was constructed at a cost of $133.5 million CAD. It opened on November 16, 2004, as MTS Centre, replacing the since-demolished Winnipeg Arena. It has a capacity of 15,225 for hockey games and 16,345 for concerts.
Archyala culta
Archyala culta is a species of moth in the family Tineidae. This species is endemic to New Zealand. It is classified as "Data Deficient" by the Department of Conservation. This species has only been collected at Opoho and is only known from its type specimen.

Opoho
Ōpoho is a suburb of the New Zealand city of Dunedin. It sits on the western flank of Signal Hill, 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to the northeast of the city centre, overlooking North East Valley and the Dunedin Botanic Gardens.
Gustaf Rosenqvist
Georg Gustaf Alexander Rosenqvist (13 September 1855, Lapinjärvi - 12 February 1931) was a Finnish Lutheran clergyman, theologian and politician. He was a member of the Diet of Finland from 1904 to 1906 and of the Parliament of Finland from 1907 to 1919, representing the Swedish People's Party of Finland (SFP). He was the elder brother of Vilhelm Rosenqvist.

Diet of Finland
The Diet of Finland (Finnish Suomen maapäivät, later valtiopäivät; Swedish Finlands Lantdagar), was the legislative assembly of the Grand Duchy of Finland from 1809 to 1906 and the recipient of the powers of the Swedish Riksdag of the Estates. (The term valtiopäivät today means an annual session of the Parliament of Finland, while in Swedish Riksdagen is now the name for both the Parliament and its sessions.)
Odd Harald Johansen
Odd Harald Johansen (born 18 August 1982) is a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.

He served as a deputy representative to the Norwegian Parliament from Troms during the term 2005–2009.

On the local level he is a deputy member of the municipal council of Karlsøy Municipality.

Troms
Troms (Norwegian: [trʊms] ⓘ; Northern Sami: Romsa; Kven: Tromssa; Finnish: Tromssa) is a  county in northern Norway. It borders Finnmark county to the northeast and Nordland county in the southwest. Norrbotten Län in Sweden is located to the south and further southeast is a shorter border with Lapland Province in Finland. To the west is the Norwegian Sea (Atlantic Ocean). The county had a population of 169,610 in 2024.

The entire county, which was established in 1866, is located north of the Arctic Circle. The Troms County Municipality is the governing body for the county, elected by the people of Troms, while the Troms county governor is a representative of the King and Government of Norway.

From January 2020 to December 2023, Troms was merged with the neighboring Finnmark county to create the new Troms og Finnmark county. This merger was reversed by the government resulting from the 2021 Norwegian parliamentary election.
Laboratory bath
A laboratory bath could refer to any of the following:

Cooling bath: a laboratory device that lowers the temperature of the bath or improves heat conduction

Heated bath: a laboratory device that raises the temperature of the bath to enhance a chemical reaction

Laboratory water bath: a laboratory device that maintains the temperature of the bath

Oil bath: a laboratory device that uses oil an oil to regulate the temperature of a sample

Cooling bath
A cooling bath or ice bath, in laboratory chemistry practice, is a liquid mixture which is used to maintain low temperatures, typically between 13 °C and −196 °C.  These low temperatures are used to collect liquids after distillation, to remove solvents using a rotary evaporator, or to perform a chemical reaction below room temperature (see Kinetic control).

Cooling baths are generally one of two types: (a) a cold fluid (particularly liquid nitrogen, water, or even air) — but most commonly the term refers to (b) a mixture of 3 components: (1) a cooling agent (such as dry ice or ice); (2) a liquid "carrier" (such as liquid water, ethylene glycol, acetone, etc.), which transfers heat between the bath and the vessel; (3) an additive to depress the melting point of the solid/liquid system.

A familiar example of this is the use of an ice/rock-salt mixture to freeze ice cream. Adding salt lowers the freezing temperature of water, lowering the minimum temperature attainable with only ice.