hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2009 UEFA European Under-17 Championship
The 2009 UEFA European Under-17 Championship was the eighth edition of UEFA's European Under-17 Football Championship since it was renamed from the original under-16 event, in 2001. Germany hosted the championship, during 6 to 18 May 2009, in thirteen venues, and the final took place at the Stadion Magdeburg, in Magdeburg. 
Spain was the current title holder, having successfully defended its 2007 title.
The top 6 teams qualified for the 2009 FIFA U-17 World Cup.

Italy national under-17 football team
The Italy national U-17 football team is the national under-17 football team of Italy and is controlled by the Italian Football Federation.

The team competes in the UEFA European Under-17 Championship, held every year. If qualified, the team also competes in the FIFA U-17 World Cup, which is held every two years.
1016 Ismaili massacre in Ifriqiya
The 1016 Ismaili massacre in Ifriqiya was a massacre of the Isma'ili Shia Muslim inhabitants of Ifriqiya (modern-day Tunisia, eastern Algeria and western Libya) by Sunni Muslims under the leadership of Maliki jurists and scholars. Sunni riots started in October 1016 in Qayrawan and later spread to other towns, killing about 20,000 Shi'ites.

Ifriqiya
Ifriqiya (Arabic: إفريقية, romanized: Ifrīqya, lit. 'Africa') was a medieval historical region comprising today's Tunisia, eastern Algeria, and Tripolitania (roughly western Libya), particularly the region between the sea and the edges of the Sahara. It included all of what had previously been the Byzantine province of Africa Proconsularis and extended beyond it, but did not include the Mauretanias.

Ifriqiya is bordered to the west by the Central Maghreb, with which the borders are fluid depending on the chroniclers and the era. For most of its early history, the capital of Ifriqiya was Qayrawan (Kairouan), but in some periods it moved to Mahdiya (Mahdia) and later it remained at Tunis.
NZASM 40 Tonner 0-6-2T
The NZASM 40 Tonner 0-6-2T of 1892 was a South African steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in Transvaal.

In 1892 and 1893, the Nederlandsche-Zuid-Afrikaansche Spoorweg-Maatschappij (NZASM) of the Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek (Transvaal Republic) placed twenty 0-6-2T locomotives in mainline service. Since the railway classified its locomotives according to their weight, these locomotives were known as the 40 Tonners.

Tank locomotive
A tank locomotive is a steam locomotive which carries its water in one or more on-board water tanks, instead of a more traditional tender. Most tank engines also have bunkers (or fuel tanks) to hold fuel; in a tender-tank locomotive a tender holds some or all of the fuel, and may hold some water also.

There are several different types of tank locomotive, distinguished by the position and style of the water tanks and fuel bunkers. The most common type has tanks mounted either side of the boiler. This type originated about 1840 and quickly became popular for industrial tasks, and later for shunting and shorter-distance main line duties.

Tank locomotives have advantages and disadvantages compared to traditional locomotives that required a separate tender to carry needed water and fuel.
Humphrey Dixon
Humphrey Dixon is a British film editor.

Humphrey began his career as assistant editor, later becoming a film editor for Merchant Ivory's Autobiography of a Princess (1974). In 1984, he directed Merchant Ivory's documentary The Wandering Company. He was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Editing for A Room with a View (1985).

Since the film Sirens (1994), he has collaborated with director John Duigan.

John Duigan
John Duigan (born 19 June 1949) is an Australian film director and screenwriter. He is mostly known for his two autobiographical films The Year My Voice Broke and Flirting, and the 1994 film Sirens, which stars Hugh Grant.
Listed buildings in Shipbourne
Shipbourne is a village and civil parish in the Tonbridge and Malling district of Kent, England. It contains 24 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. Of these all 24 are grade II.

This list is based on the information retrieved online from Historic England

.

Tonbridge and Malling
51°16′59″N 0°21′00″E﻿ / ﻿51.283°N 0.350°E﻿ / 51.283; 0.350

Tonbridge and Malling is a local government district with borough status in Kent, England. The council is based at Kings Hill. The borough also includes the towns of Tonbridge and Snodland along with numerous villages including Aylesford, West Malling and surrounding rural areas.

The neighbouring districts are Maidstone, Tunbridge Wells, Sevenoaks, Gravesham and Medway.
1347 Patria
1347 Patria, provisional designation 1931 VW, is a carbonaceous asteroid from the background population of the central asteroid belt, approximately 32 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 6 November 1931, by Soviet astronomer Grigory Neujmin at the Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula. The asteroid was named for the Latin word of fatherland.

Simeiz Observatory
Simeiz Observatory (also spelled Simeis or Simeïs) was an astronomy research observatory until the mid-1950s. It is located on Mount Koshka, Crimea, by the town of Simeiz.

Part of the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory, it is currently used for laser based studies of the orbits of satellites.

The Minor Planet Center (MPC) credits Simeiz Observatory as the location where a total of 150 minor planets were discovered by astronomers Grigory Neujmin, Sergey Belyavsky, Vladimir Albitsky, Grigory Shajn, Nikolaj Ivanov, Pelageya Shajn, Praskov'ja Parchomenko, Alexander Deutsch and Evgenij Skvorcov.

As of 2017, the discovery of the minor planet 369010 Ira is directly credited to Simeiz Observatory by the MPC.
Gemtech
Gemtech (stylized as GEMTECH) is an American manufacturer of silencers (suppressors) for pistols, rifles, submachine guns, and personal defense weapons (PDWs).  The company also produces ammunition and various accessories.

Gemtech was founded in 1993 and is headquartered in Eagle, Idaho. GSL Technology of Jackson, Michigan designed and manufactured Gemtech Suppressors from 1994 to 2016.

Submachine gun
A submachine gun (SMG) or sub-gun is a magazine-fed automatic carbine designed to fire handgun cartridges. The term "submachine gun" was coined by John T. Thompson, the inventor of the Thompson submachine gun, to describe its design concept as an automatic firearm with notably less firepower than a machine gun (hence the prefix "sub-"). As a machine gun must fire rifle cartridges to be classified as such, submachine guns are not considered machine guns.

In the 20th century, the submachine gun was developed during World War I (1914–1918) as a close-quarter offensive weapon, mainly for trench raiding. At its peak during World War II (1939–1945), millions of submachine guns were made for assault troops and auxiliaries whose doctrines emphasized close-quarter suppressive fire. New submachine gun designs appeared frequently during the Cold War, especially among special forces, commandos and mechanized infantrymen. Submachine gun usage for frontline combat decreased in the 1980s and 1990s.
Setapa
Setapa  is a traditional music dance which originates from the Bangwaketse tribe of Kanye village and surrounding areas in Botswana, such as Sesung, Selokolela and Molapo wa Basadi villages. Setapa traditional dance was started by Bangwaketse in the past and therefore it is regarded as the dance for the tribe. Setapa involves a group of people stamping in to the ground with their feet to the song played or sung by the choir or the group. The word is derived from the Tswana word Go tapa-tapa, which means to step into the ground continuously. Setapa troupes involves an equal mix of both men and women dressed up with the skin of animals. The dance troupes wear brown shells in their feet which gives out a perfect sound as they dance and the males usually carry on whistles and heifer horns to produce sound from the stream of air or as they blow into them.

Horn (acoustic)
An acoustic horn or waveguide is a tapered sound guide designed to provide an acoustic impedance match between a sound source and free air. This has the effect of maximizing the efficiency with which sound waves from the particular source are transferred to the air. Conversely, a horn can be used at the receiving end to optimize the transfer of sound from the air to a receiver.

Acoustic horns are found in nature in the form of the burrows constructed by male mole crickets to amplify their song. The earliest appearance of the horn in connection to sound in The Times was published in 1786:

Red-cross Knight, approach the Gate;
Sound the horn, not fear thy fate.
Simper
As well as being a noun and a verb in its own right ("simper"), Simper is also a surname.

Notable people with the surname Simper include:

Amanda Simper (born 1968), Australian canoeist

Caleb Simper (1856–1942), English composer and organist

Lewis Simper (born 2001), English footballer

Lisbeth Simper (born 1978), Danish cyclist

Nick Simper (born 1945) English bass guitarist, member of Deep Purple

Lisbeth Simper
Lisbeth Simper (born 13 January 1978) is a road cyclist from Denmark. She represented her nation at the 1998, 1999, 2000 and 2001 UCI Road World Championships. Between 1999 and 2003 she became 5 times national time trial champion and three times national road race champion of Denmark.
Don Oriolo
Don Oriolo (born 1946) is an American artist, musician, and writer best known for his work in the music publishing industry and for overseeing the Felix the Cat cartoon character after his father, co-creator Joe Oriolo, died in 1985. Don Oriolo also owns and operates the Oriolo Guitar Company, a guitar, bass, and ukulele manufacture company whose products often feature Felix and other Oriolo-designed artwork. Oriolo has also authored a number of books featuring his paintings of Felix the Cat, whom he describes as his creative muse. Some of his music publishing credentials include writing Jon Bon Jovi's first charted track, as well as signing Meat Loaf and Lisa Lisa and the Cult Jam.

Gloria Gaynor
Gloria Fowles (born September 7, 1943), known professionally as Gloria Gaynor, is an American singer, best known for the disco era hits "I Will Survive" (1978) which is one of the best-selling singles in history to date, having sold over 15 million copies worldwide, and "Let Me Know (I Have a Right)" (1979), "I Am What I Am" (1983), and her version of "Never Can Say Goodbye" (1974). She received the Kennedy Center Honor in 2025.
Earl Cooper (American football)
Marion Earl Cooper (born September 17, 1957) is an American former professional football player who was a fullback and tight end in the National Football League (NFL), primarily with the San Francisco 49ers. He played college football for the Rice Owls and was selected by the 49ers in the first round of the 1980 NFL draft with the 13th overall pick.

Rice Owls football
The Rice Owls football program represents Rice University in the sport of American football. The team competes at the NCAA Division I FBS level and compete in the American Athletic Conference. Rice Stadium, built in 1950, hosts the Owls' home football games. Rice has the second-smallest undergraduate enrollment of any FBS member, ahead of only Tulsa.
Dumisani Matyeshana
Dumisani Matyeshana (born 11 February 1981 in East London) is a South African rugby union player for club side Rustenburg Impala. He plays as a winger, centre or full-back and previously played provincial rugby for the Border Bulldogs, Sharks and Leopards.

Leopards (rugby union)
The Leopards (Afrikaans: Luiperds) is a South African professional rugby union team that participates in the First Division of the Currie Cup, as well as the SA Cup. They are based in the North West Province. Their home ground is Olën Park in Potchefstroom. The union was formed in 1920 and was originally called Western Transvaal.
Col du Grapillon
The Col du Grapillon (or col de Grapillon) is a mountain pass located 1,509 metres (4,951 ft) above sea level in the Chartreuse Mountains between La Cochette (1,618 metres (5,308 ft)) to the south, and Mont Outheran (1,673 metres (5,489 ft)) to the north

Chartreuse Mountains
The Chartreuse Mountains (French: Massif de la Chartreuse [masif d(ə) la ʃaʁtʁøz]) are a mountain range in southeastern France, stretching from the city of Grenoble in the south to the Lac du Bourget in the north. They are part of the French Prealps, which continue as the Bauges to the north and the Vercors to the south.
Cypress Records
Cypress Records was an American record label, founded in 1986 by Craig Sussman and Ted Cohen. Initially distributed in the United States by PolyGram, Cypress changed distribution to A&M Records in 1988. After A&M was sold PolyGram in January 1990, Cypress Records was distributed by Bertelsmann Music Group until the label was closed in 1991.

The label's roster included Tower of Power, David Knopfler, Jennifer Warnes, Jive Bunny and the Mastermixers. and Michael Damian (whose song Rock On became Cypress Records' sole #1 hit).

Rock On (David Essex song)
"Rock On" is a song written by English singer David Essex. Recorded in 1973 and released as a single by Essex, it became an international hit. In 1989, American actor and singer Michael Damian recorded a cover version that went to number one on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. The song has been recorded many times, including a 2006 version by the English hard rock group Def Leppard.
Aiguilles Island
Aiguilles Island is an uninhabited island just northeast of Great Barrier Island in the Auckland Region of New Zealand. The island reaches a height of 120 metres (394 ft) and is 47 kilometres (29 mi) from the New Zealand mainland.

Auckland Region
Auckland (Māori: Tāmaki Makaurau) is one of the 16 regions of New Zealand, which takes its name from the eponymous urban area. The region encompasses the Auckland metropolitan area, smaller towns, rural areas, and the islands of the Hauraki Gulf. Containing 34 percent of the nation's residents, it has by far the largest population and economy of any region of New Zealand, but the second-smallest land area.

On 1 November 2010, the Auckland region became a unitary authority administered by the Auckland Council, replacing the previous regional council and seven local councils. In the process, an area in its southeastern corner was transferred to the neighbouring Waikato region. Since then, the Auckland Council has introduced a system of local boards to divide the region for local government.
Valliyur
Vadakku valliyur or Valliyur is a Special Grade Town Panchayat in Radhapuram taluk in Tirunelveli district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.Valliyur is one of the fastest-growing towns in Tirunelveli district. This town is located along  NH 7. It gets its name from the goddess Valli, consort of Murugan, the Hindu god of war. The place connects the big city of Tirunelveli to the city of Nagercoil and the town of Kanyakumari on NH 7.

Nagar panchayat
A nagar panchayat (transl. 'town council') or town panchayat or Notified Area Council (NAC) in India is a settlement in transition from rural to urban and therefore a form of an urban political unit comparable to a municipality. An urban centre with more than 12,000 and less than 40,000 inhabitants is classified as a nagar panchayat. The population requirement for a town panchayat can vary from state to state.

Such councils are formed under the panchayati raj administrative system. In census data, the abbreviation T.P. is used to indicate a "town panchayat". Tamil Nadu was the first state to introduce the panchayat town as an intermediate step between rural villages and urban local bodies (ULB). The structure and the functions of the nagar panchayat are decided by the state government.
Doomsday Man
The Doomsday Man is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Primarily an enemy of Carol Danvers, the character exists within Marvel's main shared universe, known as the Marvel Universe. Created by writer Stan Lee and artist John Buscema, the character first appeared in Silver Surfer #13 (February 1970).

Marvel Universe
The Marvel Universe is a fictional shared universe where the stories in most American comic book titles and other media published by Marvel Comics take place. Superhero teams such as the Avengers, the X-Men, the Fantastic Four, the Guardians of the Galaxy, and many Marvel superheroes live in this universe, including characters such as Spider-Man, Wolverine, the Hulk, Captain America, and Iron Man. It also contains well-known supervillains such as Doctor Doom, Magneto, the Green Goblin, Loki, and Thanos. It also contains antiheroes such as Deadpool, Ghost Rider, the Punisher, Elektra, and Black Cat.

The Marvel Universe is further depicted as existing within a "multiverse" consisting of thousands of separate universes, all of which are the creations of Marvel Comics and all of which are, in a sense, "Marvel universes". In this context, "Marvel Universe" is taken to refer to the mainstream Marvel continuity, which is known as Earth-616 or Prime Earth.
Now the Day Is Over
Now the Day Is Over is the seventh studio album by American alternative rock band The Innocence Mission, released by Badman Recording Co. on November 9, 2004. A collection of standards, traditional and classical works performed as lullabies, the album was recorded in August 2004 in the band's home studio. A portion of proceeds from sales of the album are donated to charitable organisations, including Catholic Relief Services.

Traditional pop
Traditional pop (also known as pre-rock and roll pop) is Western popular music that generally pre-dates the advent of rock and roll and pop music in the mid-1950s. The most popular and enduring songs from this era of music are known as pop standards or American standards. The works of these songwriters and composers are usually considered part of the canon known as the "Great American Songbook". More generally, the term "standard" can be applied to any popular song that has become very widely known within mainstream culture and recorded by many artists.

AllMusic defines traditional pop as "post-big band and pre-rock & roll pop music".
Zach Scott
Zacharias Scott (born July 2, 1980) is an American former professional soccer player who played as a defender for Seattle Sounders FC of Major League Soccer. A one-club player, Scott now serves as a periodic contributor to local Seattle Sounders television broadcasts.

Supporters' Shield
The Supporters' Shield is an annual award given to the Major League Soccer team with the best regular season record, as determined by the MLS points system. The Supporters' Shield has been annually awarded at the MLS Supporters' Summit since 1999 (with the winners between 1996 and 1998 awarded retroactively), and has been recognized as a major trophy by the league. It echoes the practice of the top European leagues in which the team with the best record is the champion. Since 2006, the Supporters' Shield winner has earned a berth in the CONCACAF Champions Cup.

D.C. United and LA Galaxy, with four Supporters' Shields each, have won the most shields of any MLS team. Philadelphia Union are the 2025 holders of the Supporters' Shield, clinching their second shield in the penultimate regular season match. Inter Miami CF currently holds the record for the most points in a regular season, with 74 in the 2024 campaign.
James Keith Louden
James Keith Louden (March 4, 1905 — August 12, 1994) was an American industrial engineer, business executive, and management author. He served as the 4th president of the Society for Advancement of Management in the year 1941-1942, and was the recipient of the 1949 Gilbreth Medal.

Business executive
A business executive is a person responsible for running an organization, although the exact nature of the role varies depending on the organization.

Executives run companies or government agencies. They create plans to help their organizations grow. Becoming an executive usually takes years of promotions and hard work since the qualifications of this role needs hard working individuals with years of experience in multiple facets of the business.
Export Promotion Park of India, Hajipur
The Export Promotion Industrial Park, also known as EPIP, is a multiple-product export processing zone in Bihar and East India developed by the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, the Government of Bihar, and by the administrative body BIADA located in Hajipur, the zonal headquarter of the East Central Railway Zone.  The Export Promotion Industrial Park of Hajipur, in the administrative Vaishali district, has 94 acres (38 ha; 0.147 sq mi) of land with modern infrastructure.

East Central Railway zone
The East Central Railway (ECR) is one of the 19 railway zones in India, serving primarily the eastern and central regions of the country. Headquartered in Hajipur, Bihar, the zone manages a vast network of railway lines across five divisions: Sonpur, Samastipur, Dhanbad, Danapur & Deen Dayal Upadhyaya
Steven Wirtel
Steven Wirtel (born October 3, 1997) is an American former professional football player who was a long snapper in the National Football League (NFL). Wirtel played college football for the Iowa State Cyclones, and signed with the Detroit Lions as an undrafted free agent in 2020. Wirtel also played for the Los Angeles Rams and Green Bay Packers.

Long snapper
In gridiron football, the long snapper (or deep snapper) is a center on special teams whose duty is to snap the football over a longer distance, typically around 15 yards during punts, and 7–8 yards during field goals and conversion attempts.
May 1920 lunar eclipse
A total lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Monday, May 3, 1920, with an umbral magnitude of 1.2194. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon's near side entirely passes into the Earth's umbral shadow. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. A total lunar eclipse can last up to nearly two hours, while a total solar eclipse lasts only a few minutes at any given place, because the Moon's shadow is smaller. Occurring only about 3.8 days before apogee (on May 6, 1920, at 21:00 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.

This lunar eclipse was the first of an almost tetrad, with the others being on October 27, 1920 (total); April 22, 1921 (total); and October 16, 1921 (partial).

Umbra, penumbra and antumbra
The umbra, penumbra and antumbra are three distinct parts of a shadow, created by any light source after impinging on an opaque object of lesser size. In cases of equal or smaller impinging objects, only an umbra and penumbra are generated. Assuming no diffraction, for a collimated beam (such as a point source) of light, only the umbra is cast.

These phenomena are generally observed within solar systems, as the size of the stars within the system are larger than the orbiting satellites, hence these terms are most often used for the shadows cast by celestial bodies, though they are sometimes used to describe levels of darkness, such as in sunspots.