hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico
The COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico is part of the ongoing worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).

The virus was confirmed to have reached Mexico in February 2020. However, the National Council of Science and Technology (CONACYT) reported two cases of COVID-19 in mid-January 2020 in the states of Nayarit and Tabasco, with one case per state.

The Secretariat of Health, through the "Programa Centinela" (Spanish for "Sentinel Program"), estimated in mid-July 2020 that there were more than 2,875,734 cases in Mexico because they were considering the total number of cases confirmed as just a statistical sample.

Arturo Herrera Gutiérrez
Arturo Herrera Gutiérrez is a Mexican economist and former member of the Cabinet of Mexico designated as Secretary of Finance and Public Credit (SHCP) by President Andrés Manuel López Obrador (AMLO) to replace Carlos Manuel Urzúa Macías on July 9, 2019, ratified on July 18, 2019, by the Chamber of Deputies.

On June 9, 2021, President Andrés Manuel López Obrador announced that Herrera would step down as Secretary of Finance and Public Credit and nominate him as governor of the Bank of Mexico in December 2021. Herrera had previously served as Assistant Secretary in the same office. From 2000 to 2006 he served as secretary of finances for Mexico City under both AMLO and Alejandro Encinas Rodríguez. He worked for the World Bank 2010 to 2017.
Lyngbyatoxin-a
Lyngbyatoxin-a is a type of alkaloid cyanotoxin produced by certain cyanobacteria species, most notably Moorea producens (formerly classified as Lyngbya majuscula). It is produced as defense mechanism to ward off any would-be predators of the bacterium, being a potent blister agent as well as carcinogen. Low concentrations cause a common skin condition known as seaweed dermatitis.

Lyngbya majuscula
Lyngbya majuscula is a species of filamentous cyanobacteria in the genus Lyngbya.  It is named after the Dane Hans Christian Lyngbye.

As a result of recent genetic analyses, several new genera were erected from the genus Lyngbya: e.g., Moorea, Limnoraphis, Okeania, Microseira, and Dapis. Several specimens identified as L. majuscula and collected in marine tropical regions are now classified as members of the genera Okeania and Moorea.

L. majuscula is the cause of seaweed dermatitis.
Bouyiourdi
Greece portal

Food portal

Bouyiourdi (Greek: Μπουγιουρντί) or bouyourdi is a Greek meze.

The dish originated in Thessaloniki and according to America's Test Kitchen is "essentially Thessalonian". It consists of feta, tomatoes, peppers, oregano, olive oil and typically Bukovo crushed red pepper, and sometimes additional ingredients such as shredded kasseri, onions, and garlic.

The ingredients are typically layered into an earthenware baking dish and baked; various recipes call for the baking to be done covered or uncovered.

It is a common dish in tavernas. It can be served with pita or other breads. Etymologically, μπουγιουρντί ("bouyiourdi," 'spicy baked feta') derives from the Turkish word "buyurdu" (meaning 'ordered').

Crushed red pepper
Crushed red pepper or red pepper flakes or chilli flakes is a condiment or spice consisting of dried and crushed (as opposed to ground) red chilli peppers. This condiment is most often produced from cayenne-type peppers, although commercial producers may use a variety of different cultivars, usually within the 30,000–50,000 Scoville unit range. Often there is a high ratio of seeds, which are often erroneously believed to contain the most heat. Crushed red pepper is used by food manufacturers in pickling blends, chowders, spaghetti sauce, pizza sauce, soups and sausage.

Crushed red chilli pepper in Turkey, served as a common condiment with very few seeds, is known as pul biber.  One specially prepared variety of it is the urfa pul biber (isot).
Joss Favela
José Alberto Inzunza Favela (born December 10, 1990), most commonly known as Joss Favela, is a Mexican musician, singer and songwriter. Considered "el lujo de Sinaloa" (the luxury of Sinaloa), Favela has collaborated with regional Mexican artists, including Alejandro Fernández, Christian Nodal, Banda El Recodo and La Arrolladora Banda El Limón, writing songs for them as well as for himself.

He has released four studio albums including the Grammy-nominated albums Hecho a Mano (2016) and Caminando (2019). He has won the ASCAP Latin Songwriter of the Year Award three consecutive times (2016-2018) and has been nominated for two Grammy Awards, four Latin Grammy Awards and nine Premios Lo Nuestro.

Banda el Recodo
Banda Sinaloense El Recodo de Cruz Lizárraga, often referred to simply as Banda El Recodo, is a Mexican banda formed in Mazatlán, Sinaloa, in 1938. It has been under the direction of the Lizárraga family. Banda El Recodo has recorded with popular artists such as José Alfredo Jiménez and Juan Gabriel.

The ensemble consists of four clarinets, three trumpets, a tambora, a snare drum set with cowbells and cymbals, a sousaphone, three trombones, two tenor horns (referred to as saxores, armonías or charchetas in Mexico), and two vocalists.
Jacques Pastur
Jacques Pastur, chevalier de Saint-Lazare (Waterloo, 12 June 1659 – Waterloo, 3 May 1723 ) was a Southern Netherlands officer who fought on the Allied side in the Nine Years' War and on the French side in the War of the Spanish Succession and reached the rank of Mestre de camp. He was especially active in petite guerre actions, where he earned great renown with cavalry raids.

Waterloo, Belgium
Waterloo (French pronunciation: [watɛʁlo] ⓘ; Dutch pronunciation: [ˈʋaːtərloː] ⓘ; Walloon: Waterlô) is a municipality in Wallonia, located in the province of Walloon Brabant, Belgium, which in 2011 had a population of 29,706 and an area of 21.03 km2 (8.12 sq mi).

Waterloo lies a short distance south of Brussels and immediately south of the official language border between Flanders and Wallonia. Waterloo is most famous for being the site of the Battle of Waterloo in 1815, where Napoleon was defeated in the War of the Seventh Coalition.
Missy Giove
Melissa 'The Missile' Giove (born 1972) is an American professional downhill mountain biker. Throughout her career she won 14 NORBA downhill titles and 11 world cups. Giove's other accomplishments include three overall NORBA downhill crowns, two World Cup overalls, and the 1994 World Championship title. She has also been featured in the 2003 video game Downhill Domination on the Sony PlayStation 2.

Mountain biking
Mountain biking (abbr. MTB) is a sport of riding bicycles off-road, often over rough terrain, usually using specially designed mountain bikes. Mountain bikes share similarities with other bikes but incorporate features designed to enhance durability and performance in rough terrain, such as air or coil-sprung shocks used as suspension, larger and wider wheels and tires, stronger frame materials, and mechanically or hydraulically actuated disc brakes. Mountain biking can generally be broken down into distinct categories: cross country, trail, all mountain, enduro, downhill and freeride.
Ludgeřovice
Ludgeřovice (German: Ludgierzowitz, Polish: Ludgierzowice) is a municipality and village in Opava District in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 5,000 inhabitants, making it one of the most populated Czech municipalities without the town status. It is part of the historic Hlučín Region.

Moravian-Silesian Region
The Moravian-Silesian Region (Czech: Moravskoslezský kraj) is one of the 14 administrative regions of the Czech Republic. Before May 2001, it was called the Ostrava Region (Czech: Ostravský kraj). The region is located in the north-eastern part of its historical region of Moravia and in most of the Czech part of the historical region of Silesia. The region borders the Olomouc Region to the west and the Zlín Region to the south. It also borders two other countries – Poland (Opole and Silesian Voivodeships) to the north and Slovakia (Žilina Region) to the east.

It is a highly industrialized region, its capital Ostrava was actually called the "Steel Heart of the Republic". In addition, it has several mountainous areas where the landscape is relatively preserved. Nowadays, the economy of the region benefits from its location in the Czech/Polish/Slovak borderlands.
Carl Peter Hagberg
Carl Peter Hagberg (22 November 1778 – 15 September 1841) was a Swedish minister and orator who served in the Swedish Academy.

Hagberg became master of philosophy in 1803. The same year he was ordained as a minister and subsequently served as a preacher at the court, from 1808 with Queen dowager Sophia Magdalena. In 1809 he became the head of the theological seminary at Lund University. The same year he was awarded with a degree of doctor of theology. In 1811 he became professor of pastoral theology. In 1821 he became a member of the Swedish Academy. He also served as president of Pro Fide et Christianismo, a Christian education society.

Master of Philosophy
A Master of Philosophy (MPhil or PhM; Latin Magister Philosophiae or Philosophiae Magister) is a postgraduate degree. The name of the degree is most often abbreviated MPhil (or, at times, as PhM in other countries). With a few exceptions, MPhils are awarded to postgraduate students after completing at least two years of original research, normally in the form of a thesis or dissertation. In many fields, the completion of a MPhil is typically required for employment as experts, or researcher. MPhil may also serve as a provisional enrolment for a PhD programme.
Arbeitertum
Arbeitertum (meaning Labour in English) was a fortnightly German newspaper aimed at working class readers and edited by Reinhold Muchow. It was founded with anti-Marxist and anti-Capitalist intentions. In the early 1930s, it was sponsored by the Nazi Party and in 1933 it became the official publication of the German Labor Front. It was thus used to explain to the working class the Party's position on labour affairs, with contributions from many party leaders. Der Angriff and Der Erwerbslose were two other newspapers established by the Nazi Party for the same purpose.

Anti-capitalism
Anti-capitalism is a political ideology and movement encompassing a variety of attitudes and ideas that oppose capitalism. Anti-capitalists seek to combat the worst effects of capitalism and to eventually replace capitalism with  alternative economic systems such as socialism and communism.
Quinet
Quinet (pronounced [kinɛ]) is a French surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Edgar Quinet (1803–1875), French historian
Edgar Quinet (Paris Métro)
Edgar Quinet-class cruiser
French cruiser Edgar Quinet

Hermiona Quinet, married name of Hermiona Asachi (1821–1900), Romanian writer

Marcel Quinet (1915–1986), Belgian pianist

Edgar Quinet station
Edgar Quinet (French pronunciation: [ɛdɡaʁ kinɛ]) is a station on Line 6 of the Paris Métro. Located at the intersection of Boulevard Edgar Quinet, the Rue du Montparnasse and Rue de la Gaîté, it is situated in the 14th arrondissement.
Galloway, West Virginia
Galloway is a census-designated place (CDP) and coal town in northwestern Barbour County, West Virginia, United States.  It lies along West Virginia Route 76 northwest of the city of Philippi, the county seat of Barbour County.  Its elevation is 1,073 feet (327 m).  It has a post office with the ZIP code 26349. As of the 2010 census, its population is 143.

The community was named after W. T. Galloway, a railroad official.

Philippi, West Virginia
Philippi ('FILL-uh-pea') is a city in and the county seat of Barbour County, West Virginia, United States, along the Tygart Valley River. The population was 2,929 at the 2020 census. In 1861, the city was the site of the Battle of Philippi, known as the "Philippi Races". Although a minor skirmish, this is considered the earliest notable land action of the American Civil War. The city has a weekly newspaper, The Barbour Democrat.
Streptomyces rochei
Streptomyces rochei is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil in Russia. Streptomyces rochei produces borrelidin, butyrolactol A, butyrolactol B, uricase and streptothricin. Streptomyces rochei has antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici and Aspergillus fumigatus. Streptomyces rochei produces moenomycin and bambermycin. Streptomyces rochei produces amicetin A, amicetin B, amicetin C and streptolin. Streptomyces rochei produces endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase mithramycin, amicetin, bamicetin, and plicacetin.

Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici
Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici is a fungal plant pathogen. It is a big pathogen to the tomato plant. It has a violet to white color on most media but does not produce a pigment on King's B medium.

It has been spread to tomato seeds by the hands of contaminated workers. The seeds of infected plants may be infected as well. Contaminated seed is suspected in the movement of the fungus within Brazil. Over long distances, transplants may also carry the fungus. Some outbreaks of tomato diseases were linked with tomato transplants that were grown in reused transplant trays that were contaminated.
Oohs & Aahs
Oohs & Aahs (2009) is the sixth full-length album by Say Hi and was released on March 3, 2009. Oohs & Aahs was written and recorded entirely by Eric Elbogen in his home studio over the course of 2008.

It was Say Hi's first release on Barsuk Records, with whom they signed on December 2, 2008.

On January 16, 2009, Say Hi released "November Was White, December Was Grey" as an exclusive download on Spin.com and updated the layout on their website.

"Oh Oh Oh Oh Oh Oh Oh Oh", "November Was White, December Was Grey" and "The Stars Just Blink for Us" were used in the television show Gossip Girl. "Oh Oh Oh Oh Oh Oh Oh Oh" was also used in a scene with Analeigh Tipton in the 2011 movie Crazy, Stupid, Love.

On September 29, 2009, a music video for "One, Two ... One" was posted on YouTube.

Crazy, Stupid, Love
Crazy, Stupid, Love. is a 2011 American romantic comedy film directed by Glenn Ficarra and John Requa and written by Dan Fogelman. It stars Steve Carell, Ryan Gosling, Julianne Moore, Emma Stone, John Carroll Lynch, Marisa Tomei, and Kevin Bacon. It follows a series of interconnected love stories centered on a recently separated man, played by Carrell, who learns how to be more romantic and charm women.

The film was theatrically released in the United States on July 29, 2011, by Warner Bros. Pictures. It received positive reviews from critics and was a box office success, grossing over $145 million worldwide against a $50 million budget. It was nominated for Best Comedy at the 17th Critics' Choice Awards, while Gosling was nominated for Best Actor in a Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy at the 69th Golden Globe Awards.
Adolfo Gilly
Adolfo Atilio Gilly Malvagni (25 August 1928 – 4 July 2023) was an Argentine-born Mexican historian and author of various books on the history of and politics of Mexico and Latin America. He served as Professor of History and Political Science at the School of Social and Political Sciences at the National Autonomous University of Mexico in Mexico City, where he taught from 1979. He was well known for his prolific articles in La Jornada, a major Mexico City  newspaper. His research particularly focused on globalization and the Zapatista movement centered in the southeastern state of Chiapas.

La Jornada
La Jornada (The Working Day) is one of Mexico City's leading daily newspapers. It was established in 1984 by Carlos Payán Velver. The current editor (directora general) is Carmen Lira Saade. As of 2006 it had approximately 287,000 readers in Mexico City, and, according to them, their website has approximately 180,000 daily page views.

The online version was launched in 1995, with no restrictions on access and a Google-based search that includes the historic archives of the newspaper. The website is hosted by the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM).
Rancho Potrero de San Luis Obispo
Rancho Potrero de San Luis Obispo was a 3,506-acre (14.19 km2) Mexican land grant in present day San Luis Obispo County, California given in 1842  by Governor Juan Alvarado to María Concepción Boronda.   Potrero means "pasture" in Spanish.  The grant was north of present day San Luis Obispo, and encompassed Cal Poly San Luis Obispo.

Rancho Los Laureles
Rancho Los Laureles was a  6,625-acre (26.81 km2) Mexican land grant in present-day Monterey County, California given in 1839  by Governor Juan Alvarado to José Manuel Boronda and Vicente Blas Martínez.  Los Laureles refers to the California bay laurel tree. The grant extended along the Carmel River and the Carmel Valley, was bounded to the east by the Rancho Tularcitos and Rancho Los Laureles (Ransom) on the west, and encompasses present day Carmel Valley Village.
Govorukha
The Govorukha (Russian: Говоруха) is a river in Perm Krai, Russia, a right tributary of the Vishera, which in turn is a tributary of the Kama. The river is 55 kilometres (34 mi) long with a drainage basin of 460 square kilometres (180 sq mi). The Govorukha flows into the Vishera 128 kilometres (80 mi) from the Vishera's mouth. The main tributaries are the Vilva and Belaya rivers (both are left).

Perm Krai
Perm Krai (Russian: Пе́рмский край, romanized: Permskiy kray, IPA: [ˈpʲɛrmskʲɪj ˈkraj]; Komi-Permyak: Перем ладор, romanized: Perem lador) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in Eastern Europe. Its administrative center is Perm. The population of the krai was 2,532,405 (2021 Census).

The krai was formed on 1 December 2005 as a result of the 2004 referendum on the merger of Perm Oblast and Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug. Komi-Permyak Okrug retained its autonomous status within Perm Krai during the transitional period of 2006–2008. It also retained a budget separate from that of the krai, keeping all federal transfers. Starting in 2009, Komi-Permyak Okrug's budget became subject to the budgeting law of Perm Krai. The transitional period was implemented in part because Komi-Permyak Okrug relied heavily on federal subsidies, and an abrupt cut would have been detrimental to its economy.

The final period of the Paleozoic era, the Permian, is named after the Perm region.
Integer-valued function
In mathematics, an integer-valued function is a function whose values are integers.  In other words, it is a function that assigns an integer to each member of its domain.

The floor and ceiling functions are examples of integer-valued functions of a real variable, but on real numbers and, generally, on (non-disconnected) topological spaces integer-valued functions are not especially useful. Any such function on a connected space either has discontinuities or is constant. On the other hand, on discrete and other totally disconnected spaces integer-valued functions have roughly the same importance as real-valued functions have on non-discrete spaces.

Any function with natural, or non-negative integer values is a partial case of an integer-valued function.

Totally disconnected space
In topology and related branches of mathematics, a totally disconnected space is a topological space that has only singletons as connected subsets. In every topological space, the singletons (and, when it is considered connected, the empty set) are connected; in a totally disconnected space, these are the only connected subsets.

An important example of a totally disconnected space is the Cantor set, which is homeomorphic to the set of p-adic integers. Another example, playing a key role in algebraic number theory, is the field Qp of p-adic numbers.
Kubala
Kubala (Czech/Slovak feminine: Kubalová) is a West Slavic surname. People with the surname include:

Anton Kubala (born 1981), Slovak footballer

Branko Kubala (1949–2018), Spanish footballer

Filip Kubala (born 1999), Czech footballer

Jan Kubala (born 2000), Czech footballer

Jana Kubala (born 1966), Czech-Austrian sports shooter

László Kubala (1927–2002), footballer and manager

Ludwik Kubala (1838–1918), Polish historian

Michal Kubala (born 1980), Slovak footballer

Milan Kubala (1946–2020), Czech Paralympic athlete

Otomar Kubala (1906–1946), commander of the Hlinka Guard

Přemysl Kubala (born 1973), Czech volleyball player

Ray Kubala (1942–2018), American football player

Přemysl Kubala
Přemysl Kubala (Czech pronunciation: [ˈpr̝̊ɛmɪsl̩ ˈkubala]; born 16 December 1973) is a Czech volleyball and beach volleyball player. As of 2012, he plays with Petr Beneš who he teamed up with at the 2012 Summer Olympics.

With beach volleyball he played together with Jan Hadrava. They won the bronze medal at the 2015 European Games in Baku.
Great Sankey High School
Great Sankey High School (GSHS) is a coeducational secondary school and sixth form with academy status, located in Warrington, Cheshire, England. It is a member of the Omega Multi-Academy Trust (OMAT).  The school was first built in the 1970s and extensions have included a mathematics & humanities block and theatre. The school also has a linking leisure centre and arts theatre. GSHS has been awarded, and retained, an Artsmark Gold award, the highest award for the Arts.

GSHS is partnered with South Peninsula High School in Cape Town, South Africa.

In 2010, GSHS was classified as an Outstanding school by Ofsted. The school converted to academy status in January 2013.  In October 2017, the school was reclassified by Ofsted as a Good school.

Leisure centre
A leisure centre, sports centre, or recreation centre is a purpose-built building or site, usually owned and provided by the local government authority, where people can engage in a variety of sports and exercise, and keep fit.
Bronchography
Bronchography is a radiological technique, which involves x-raying the respiratory tree after coating the airways with contrast. Bronchography is rarely performed, as it has been made obsolete with improvements in computed tomography and bronchoscopy.

Bronchoscopy
Bronchoscopy is an endoscopic technique of visualizing the inside of the airways for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. An instrument (bronchoscope) is inserted into the airways, usually through the nose or mouth, or occasionally through a tracheostomy. This allows the practitioner to examine the patient's airways for abnormalities such as foreign bodies, bleeding, tumors, or inflammation. Specimens may be taken from inside the lungs. The construction of bronchoscopes ranges from rigid metal tubes with attached lighting devices to flexible optical fiber instruments with realtime video equipment.
Nicollet Mall
Nicollet Mall (/ˈnɪkəlɛt/ NIH-kə-let) is a twelve-block portion of Nicollet Avenue running through Downtown Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States. It is a shopping and dining district of the city, and also a pedestrian mall and transit mall. Along with Hennepin Avenue to the west, Nicollet Mall forms the cultural and commercial center of Minneapolis.

Several notable Minneapolis buildings line the Mall, including the IDS Center, the former Dayton's flagship store, Orchestra Hall, the Minneapolis Central Library, and Westminster Presbyterian Church. The studios and offices of CBS-TV affiliate WCCO are on the southern part of the Mall. Several major companies have their headquarters along the Mall, including Target Corporation and US Bank.

Mall of America
Mall of America (MoA) is a large shopping mall located in Bloomington, Minnesota.  Located within the Minneapolis–Saint Paul metropolitan area, the mall lies southeast of the junction of Interstate 494 and Minnesota State Highway 77, north of the Minnesota River, and across the Interstate from the Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Airport. It opened in 1992, on the former site of the Metropolitan Stadium, and is the largest mall in the United States, the largest in the Western Hemisphere, and the twelfth largest shopping mall in the world.

The mall is owned by the Canadian Triple Five Group (which in turn is owned by Canada's Ghermezian family, along with the West Edmonton Mall and the American Dream). Approximately 32 million people visit the mall annually, 80% of whom are from Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, Nebraska, the Dakotas, Illinois and Ohio.