hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fusilier, Saskatchewan
Fusilier is an unincorporated hamlet in Antelope Park Rural Municipality No. 322, Saskatchewan, Canada. The hamlet is approximately 30 km west of the Town of Kerrobert at the intersection of Highway 51 and Highway 317. The Canadian Pacific Railway played a big role in the town's economy in its early years but due to the closure of smaller branch lines in the 1980s, the tracks from Kerrobert to Fusilier were pulled and Fusilier's population began to decline.

Saskatchewan Highway 51
Highway 51 is a provincial highway in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It runs from the Alberta border near Compeer, Alberta, where it is preceded by Highway 12, to Highway 4 in Biggar, 1.1 kilometres (0.7 mi) south of Highway 14. Highway 51 is approximately 155 kilometres (96 mi) long. It passes through the town of Kerrobert, where it shares a 2.4 km (1.5 mi) concurrency with Highway 21 and Highway 31.
The Mayor of Candor Lied
"The Mayor of Candor Lied" is a song written and sung by Harry Chapin. It was released on his 1976 album On the Road to Kingdom Come. The song tells the story of the son in a farming family anxious to marry the daughter of the town's mayor, even if he must go so far as to blackmail the mayor to get his way.

Harry Chapin
Harry Forster Chapin (/ˈtʃeɪpɪn/; December 7, 1942 – July 16, 1981) was an American singer-songwriter, philanthropist, and hunger activist best known for his folk rock and pop rock songs. He achieved worldwide success in the 1970s. Chapin, a Grammy Award-winning artist and Grammy Hall of Fame inductee, has sold over 16 million records worldwide.

Chapin recorded a total of 11 albums from 1972 until his death in 1981. All 14 singles that he released became hits on at least one national music chart. Chapin's songs include "Taxi" and "Cat's in the Cradle."

Chapin campaigned to end world hunger. He was a participant in the creation of the Presidential Commission on World Hunger in 1977. In 1987, Chapin was posthumously awarded the Congressional Gold Medal for his humanitarian work.
Josiah Heyman
Josiah McConnell Heyman (born 1958) is an American anthropologist and professor of anthropology at the University of Texas at El Paso, where he is also an Endowed Professor of Border Trade Issues and the director of the Center for Interamerican and Border Studies. He is known for his studies of the United States-Mexico border, which he has been studying for over 30 years. He has also researched the increasing extent to which the border has been enforced by the United States Border Patrol.

University of Texas at El Paso
The University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP) is a public research university in El Paso, Texas, United States. Founded in 1913 as the State School of Mines and Metallurgy, it is the third oldest academic component of the University of Texas System.

UTEP is an "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity" institution on the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education. It is the largest and oldest Hispanic-serving R1 university in the contiguous United States, exceeded only by institutions in Puerto Rico.

The campus is on located on hillsides overlooking the Rio Grande river, with Ciudad Juárez in view across the Mexico–United States border. It includes the Sun Bowl stadium, which hosts the annual college football competition the Sun Bowl every winter. Multiple campus buildings are in the Dzong architectural style, typical of Bhutan and Tibet.
East Wakefield, New Hampshire
East Wakefield is an unincorporated community in the town of Wakefield in Carroll County, New Hampshire. It is located in the eastern part of Wakefield along New Hampshire Route 153, 3 miles (5 km) northeast of Wakefield village and directly south of Pine River Pond. Balch Pond and Ivanhoe Pond are also nearby. The area is a popular summer home location.

East Wakefield has a different ZIP code (03830) from the rest of the town of Wakefield.

Balch Pond
Balch Pond  is a 577-acre (2.34 km2) water body located on the New Hampshire-Maine border, in the towns of Wakefield, New Hampshire, and Acton and Newfield, Maine. A northwest portion of the lake in New Hampshire is known as Stump Pond. Water flows from the eastern end of Balch Pond into the Little Ossipee River, a tributary of the Saco River.

The lake is classified as a warmwater fishery, with observed species including largemouth bass, chain pickerel, brown bullhead, black crappie, yellow perch, and sunfish.
Madhupur College
Madhupur College (Bengali: মধুপুর কলেজ) is a university college located in Madhupur Upazila, Tangail, Dhaka, Bangladesh established in 1972. It offers Higher Secondary Level (HSC), degree level and provides some honours level courses. The college is affiliated with the National University and Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education, Dhaka.

University college
In a number of countries, a university college is a college institution that provides tertiary education but does not have full or independent university status. A university college is often part of a larger university. The precise usage varies from country to country.
Several institutions worldwide take this name (see: list of university colleges).
Noemi Zbären
Noemi Zbären (born 12 March 1994 in Langnau im Emmental) is a Swiss hurdler. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, she competed in the Women's 100 metres hurdles, coming 6th in her heat with a time of 13.33 seconds.

Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres hurdles
The women's 100 metres hurdles competition at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, United Kingdom was held at the Olympic Stadium on 6–7 August.

The semi-finals showed all the top athletes were at their best, with the first 5 finalists achieving their personal best, except Sally Pearson who improved the 2012 world leading time, and Nevin Yanıt's new national record for Turkey.

In the final under London rains, Pearson led from the start but after ticking a hurdle, defending champion Dawn Harper closed fast to make it close. Kellie Wells was solidly in third while Lolo Jones edged Yanit for fourth place. It was an Olympic record for Pearson, a new personal best for Harper and Wells, equal national record for Yanit in 5th, equal personal best for 6th place Phylicia George and a season best for Jones after a difficult journey from the next to last hurdle four years earlier.
Luis Méndez de Torres
Luis Méndez de Torres was a Spanish entomologist who first observed that the largest bee in the colony was an egg-laying female and not a male king as previously thought. In his 1586 treatise "Short Tractate on the Cultivation and Care of Beehives" he did not use the term "queen bee", but "maessa de enjambre" which means "mistress of the swarm". In the English speaking world this idea was first introduced by Charles Butler, and this discovery was conclusively proven when Jan Swammerdam discovered the female reproductive organs in the queen bee by microscopic dissection. He also published an overview of the laws concerning beekeeping in Seville.

Queen bee
A queen bee is typically an adult, mated female (gyne) that lives in a colony or hive of honey bees. With fully developed reproductive organs, the queen is usually the mother of most, if not all, of the bees in the beehive. Queens are developed from larvae selected by worker bees and specially fed in order to become sexually mature. There is normally only one adult, mated queen in a hive, in which case the bees will usually follow and fiercely protect her.

The term "queen bee" can be more generally applied to any dominant reproductive female in a colony of a eusocial bee species other than honey bees. However, as in the Brazilian stingless bee (Schwarziana quadripunctata), a single nest may have multiple queens or even dwarf queens, ready to replace a dominant queen in case of a sudden death.
Thirupalkadal Sreekrishnaswamy Temple
Thirupalkadal Sreekrishna Temple (Thiruparkadal Sreekrishnaswamy Temple) is one of the oldest Hindu temples dedicated to the Hindu God Vishnu (worshipped as Krishna), located in the village Keezhperoor, Chirayinkeezhu Taluk, Thiruvananthapuram in Kerala, India. The central icon is a four-armed standing Vishnu carrying the conch Panchajanya (Turbinella pyrum), the discus Sudarshana Chakra, the mace Kaumodaki and a butter with a holy basil garland. The principal deity, Krishna (Thirupalkadal Bhattarakar) was the family deity of Ay dynasty. It is believed that Kulashekhara Alvar, considered the seventh in the line of the twelve Alvars, renovated this temple. While it is not mentioned in the 108 Divya Desams, it does find mentioned in the list of Abhimana Kshethrams, as well as in many texts and legends. The history of this temple is closely intertwined with the Cheras' and Cholas' Empires and the Kingdoms of Venad and Travancore.

Turbinella pyrum
Turbinella pyrum, common names the chank shell, sacred chank or chank, also known as the divine conch or referred to simply as a conch, is a species of very large sea snail with a gill and an operculum, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinellidae. This species occurs in the Indian Ocean.

The name "chank" for the shell of this species is derived from the Indian word shankha, the divine conch. The old generic name was Xancus. The Dutch used to call them chianco.
Ductile iron
Ductile iron, also known as ductile cast iron, nodular cast iron, spheroidal graphite iron, spheroidal graphite cast iron and SG iron, is a type of graphite-rich cast iron discovered in 1943 by Keith Millis. While most varieties of cast iron are weak in tension and brittle, ductile iron has much more impact and fatigue resistance, due to its nodular graphite inclusions.

Augustus F. Meehan was awarded U.S. patent 1,790,552 in January 1931 for inoculating iron with calcium silicide to produce ductile iron subsequently licensed as Meehanite, still produced as of 2024. In October 1949 Keith Dwight Millis, Albert Paul Gagnebin and Norman Boden Pilling, all working for INCO, received U.S. patent 2,485,760 on a cast ferrous alloy using magnesium for ductile iron production.

Brittleness
A material is brittle if, when subjected to stress, it fractures with little elastic deformation and without significant plastic deformation. Brittle materials absorb relatively little energy prior to fracture, even those of high strength. Breaking is often accompanied by a sharp snapping sound.

When used in materials science, it is generally applied to materials that fail when there is little or no plastic deformation before failure. One proof is to match the broken halves, which should fit exactly since no plastic deformation has occurred.
Purple Ribbon All-Stars
Purple Ribbon All-Stars was an American Southern hip-hop supergroup under the Purple Ribbon Records (distributed  through Virgin Records) label. The group consisted of Big Boi, Killer Mike, Janelle Monáe, Sleepy Brown, Scar, Konkrete, BlackOwned C-Bone, Rock D, and Vonnegutt.

Southern hip-hop
Southern hip-hop, also known as Southern rap, South Coast hip-hop, or dirty south, is a blanket term for a regional genre of American hip-hop music that emerged in the Southern United States, especially in Georgia, Texas, Louisiana, Tennessee, and Florida—often titled "The Big 5," five states which constitute the "Southern Network" in rap music.

The music was a reaction to the 1980s flow of hip-hop culture from New York City and the Los Angeles area and can be considered the third major American hip-hop scene, alongside East Coast and West Coast hip-hop. Many early Southern rap artists released their music independently or on mixtapes after encountering difficulty securing record-label contracts in the 1990s. By the early 2000s, many Southern artists had attained success, and as the decade went on, both mainstream and underground varieties of Southern hip-hop became among the most popular and influential of the entire genre.
Nangolo Ithete
Nangolo Herman Ithete (22 May 1941 - 23 September 2002) was a Namibian politician. Ithete was born in Okahao, Omusati Region and joined SWAPO in the early 1960s. He went into exile with SWAPO to Dar es Salaam, Tanzania in 1963. He studied in Yugoslavia until 1975. From 1976 to 1985, he was SWAPO's chief representative in Zambia and from 1985 to 1989 chief representative in Nigeria. Upon independence in 1990, Ithete was elected to the 1st and 2nd National Assemblies. He also served as a deputy minister of Home Affairs (1990-94), later of Environment and Tourism (1995-2000). He died in Windhoek in September 2002.

Omusati Region
Omusati (the Oshindonga word for Mopane, the dominant tree in the area) is one of the fourteen regions of Namibia; its capital is Outapi. The towns of Okahao, Oshikuku, and Ruacana, as well as the self-governed village of Tsandi, are situated in this region. As of 2020, Omusati had 148,834 registered voters.

The region is home to the Ruacana Falls, among the largest waterfalls in Africa, and the Omugulugwombashe heritage site, where the Namibian struggle for independence started in 1966.
Maculonecroscia
Maculonecroscia is a genus of stick insects in the tribe Necrosciini, erected by F Seow-Choen in 2016.  Species distribution records are probably incomplete, but include India, China, Indochina (Vietnam) and west Malesia.

Malesia
Malesia is a biogeographical region straddling the Equator and the boundaries of the Indomalayan and Australasian realms. It is a phytogeographical floristic region in the Paleotropical kingdom. It was first recognized as a distinct region in 1857 by Heinrich Zollinger, a Swiss botanist and explorer. The precise boundaries used to define Malesia vary. The broadly defined area used in Flora Malesiana consists of the countries of Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Brunei, the Philippines, Timor-Leste and Papua New Guinea. The original definition by the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) covered a similar area, but New Guinea and some offshore islands were split off as Papuasia in its 2001 version.
Utsira Church
Utsira Church (Norwegian: Utsira kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Utsira Municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. It is located on the small island of Utsira. It is the church for the Utsira parish which is part of the Haugaland prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Stavanger. The white, wooden church was built in a long church style in 1785 using designs by an unknown architect. The church seats about 100 people.

Rogaland
Rogaland (Norwegian: [ˈrûːɡɑlɑn] ⓘ) is a county in Western Norway, bordering the North Sea to the west and the counties of Vestland to the north, Telemark to the east and Agder to the east and southeast. As of 1 January 2024, it had a population of 499,417 people.

The administrative centre of the county is the city of Stavanger, which is the third largest city in Norway.
Myrtle Lawn
Myrtle Lawn is a historic plantation house and national historic district located near Enfield, Halifax County, North Carolina. It encompasses seven contributing buildings and one contributing site, the farm landscape.  The house was built about 1816 and expanded about 1850. It is a two-story, five-bay, Federal style frame dwelling.  Also on the property are the contributing carriage house (1840s), an office (1858), a slave house, a vegetable storage structure, a dairy, and other food and storage buildings.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

Halifax County, North Carolina
Halifax County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 48,622. Its county seat is Halifax. Halifax County is part of the Roanoke Rapids, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Rocky Mount-Wilson-Roanoke Rapids, NC Combined Statistical Area.
Si Bun Rueang district
Si Bun Rueang (Thai: ศรีบุญเรือง, pronounced [sǐː būn rɯ̄aŋ]; Northeastern Thai: ศรีบุญเฮือง, pronounced [sǐː bùn hɯ̂aŋ]) is a district (amphoe) in the southwestern part of Nong Bua Lamphu province, northeastern Thailand. It may also be spelled Sri Bun Rueang.

Nong Bua Lamphu province
Nong Bua Lamphu (sometimes rendered Nongbua Lamphu and Nong Bua Lam Phu) (Thai: หนองบัวลำภู, RTGS: Nong Bua Lam Phu, pronounced [nɔ̌ːŋ būa lām pʰūː]; Northeastern Thai: หนองบัวลำภู, pronounced [nɔ̌ːŋ bùa lâm pʰûː]) is one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces (changwat). It lies in upper northeastern Thailand, a region also known as Isan. The province was created in 1993 when five districts were split from Udon Thani province. Neighbouring provinces are (clockwise from North) Udon Thani, Khon Kaen, and Loei. Nong Bua Lamphu is one of the eight quadruply-landlocked Thai provinces, as its neighboring provinces are triply-landlocked.
The Pass System
The Pass System is a Canadian documentary film released in 2015, focusing on the former Canadian government policy known as the pass system, which enforced the segregation of First Nations people on their reserves.

The film was extensively researched, directed, and produced by Alex Williams, with narration provided by Tantoo Cardinal. James Cullingham served as the executive producer, and Cris Derksen composed the music for the documentary.

With the generous support of the Canada Council for the Arts, the Ontario Arts Council, the Toronto Arts Council, and the community, the film was produced in association with Tamarack Productions. Its premiere took place in Vancouver, British Columbia, as part of the 2015 Vancouver International Film Festival.

The Pass System initially aired on the Aboriginal Peoples Television Network on April 13, 2016. Subsequently, it was broadcast by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation's main network on June 19, 2016, at 1 p.m.

Ontario Arts Council
The Ontario Arts Council (OAC) is a publicly funded Canadian organization in the province of Ontario whose purpose is to foster the creation and production of art for the benefit of all Ontarians. Based in Toronto, OAC was founded in 1963 by Ontario's Premier at the time, John Robarts.
2013 Soweto Open – Women's doubles
The defending champions from 2010 were Vitalia Diatchenko and Eirini Georgatou, as there was no event in 2012 and the 2011 Soweto Open – Women's doubles tournament was cancelled due to heavy rain and flooding. Neither player participated in 2013.

Magda Linette and Chanel Simmonds won the title, defeating Samantha Murray and Jade Windley in the final, 6–1, 6–3.

Jade Windley
Jade Windley (born 22 April 1990 in Lincolnshire) is a British former tennis player.

In her career, Windley won three singles and 16 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. On 7 April 2014, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 279, and she peaked at No. 159 in the doubles rankings.

Following a car accident, Windley was forced to retire from professional tennis. After her retirement, Windley became a tennis coach.
Aqyn
Aqyn or akyn (Kazakh: ақын, Kyrgyz: акын, pronounced [ɑˈqɯn]; both transcribed as aqın or اقىن), is an improvisational poet, singer, and oral repository within the Kazakh and Kyrgyz cultures. Aqyns differ from the zhyraus or manaschys, who are instead song performers or epic storytellers.

In song competitions known as aytıs or aytysh, aqyns improvise in the form of a song-like recitative, usually to the accompaniment of a dombra (among Kazakhs) or a komuz (among Kyrgyz). In the context of the nomadic lifestyle and illiteracy of most of the rural population in Central Asia in pre-Soviet times, akyns played an important role in terms of expressing people's thoughts and feelings, exposing social vices, and glorifying heroes. In the Soviet era, their repertoire incorporated praise songs to Lenin.

Contemporary aqyns may also publish their original lyrics and poetry.

Culture of Kyrgyzstan
The culture of Kyrgyzstan has a wide mix of ethnic groups and cultures, with the Kyrgyz being the majority group. It is generally considered that there are 40 Kyrgyz clans, symbolized by the 40-rayed yellow sun in the center of the flag. The red lines inside the sun visualise the crown of a yurt, the traditional dwelling of nomadic farmers, once the main population of the Central Asian area. The dominant religion of Kyrgyzstan is Sunni Islam (91%). The Russian population is Russian Orthodox.
Malgioglio
Malgioglio (pronounced [malˈdʒɔʎʎo]) is an Italian surname from Catania. Notable people with the surname include:

Astutillo Malgioglio (born 1958), Italian footballer

Cristiano Malgioglio (born 1945), Italian composer and singer-songwriter

Isabella Malgioglio, Australian cricketer

Metropolitan City of Catania
The Metropolitan City of Catania (Italian: città metropolitana di Catania) is a metropolitan city in Sicily, Italy. Its capital is the city of Catania. It replaced the province of Catania and comprises the city of Catania and 57 other communes. It has 1,068,563 inhabitants as of 2025, making it the 7th most populated metropolitan city in the country.
Lumpy skin disease outbreak in Pakistan
Lumpy skin disease was spotted in Pakistan in Jamshoro district, Sindh in November 2021. By 9 September 2022, over 7000 cattle had died. Pakistan has 93 million cattle and buffaloes.

In the beginning of March 2022, a representative of the Dairy and Cattle Farmers Association had requested government intervention in closing provincial borders for cattle. The association had also sent a letter to the Prime Minister in this regard. Samples from Karachi were sent to Islamabad for testing.

A goat pox vaccine has been found effective. Approval for imported vaccines was given in March 2022.

Jamshoro District
Jamshoro District (Sindhi: ضلعو ڄام شورو, Urdu: ضلع جامشورو) is a district of Sindh province, Pakistan. Jamshoro city is the capital while Kotri is the largest city of the Jamshoro District. The district borders Dadu district to the north. To the east, the Indus separates it from Shaheed Benazirabad, Matiari and Hyderabad districts. Thatta district lies to the south, and Karachi district to the southwest.  To the west is the Kirthar Range that mark the boundary between Pakistan's provinces of Balochistan and Sindh, separating Jamshoro from Hub district of Balochistan.

Jamshoro District was split from Dadu District on 14 December 2004. It is situated on the west bank of River Indus.
John Groopman
John D. Groopman is an American cancer researcher.

Groopman completed his bachelor's degree at Elmira College in 1974, then obtained a doctorate in toxicology from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1979. He remained at MIT for postdoctoral research, and subsequently worked for the National Cancer Institute within the Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis. Groopman served as the Anna M. Baetjer Professor and Chair of the Department of Environmental Health Sciences at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, and later the Edyth H. Schoenrich Professorship in Preventive Medicine. In 2010, Groopman received the  Award for Excellence in Cancer Prevention Research jointly awarded by the American Association for Cancer Research and the Prevent Cancer Foundation.

American Association for Cancer Research
The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) is the world's oldest and largest professional association related to cancer research. Based in Philadelphia, the AACR focuses on all aspects of cancer research, including basic, clinical, and translational research into the etiology, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer. Founded in 1907 by 11 physicians and scientists, the organization now has more than 58,000 members in 142 countries and territories. The mission of the AACR is to prevent and cure cancer through research, education, communication, collaboration, science policy and advocacy, and funding for cancer research.