hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Watersheddles Reservoir
Watersheddles Reservoir is an upland artificial lake in Lancashire, England. The reservoir was opened in 1877 by the Keighley Corporation Water Works, and is now owned by Yorkshire Water. It supplies water to the Worth Valley and Keighley area and compounds several streams at the source of the River Worth.

Although the reservoir is just across the boundary of Lancashire, all of the water is used in the West Yorkshire region.

Due to the peatland in the immediate catchment area, the reservoir is prone to a high acidity and discolouration in its water.

Keighley
Keighley (/ˈkiːθli/ ⓘ KEETH-lee) is a market town and a civil parish
in the City of Bradford Borough of West Yorkshire, England. It is the second-largest settlement in the borough, after Bradford.

Keighley is 8 miles (13 kilometres) north-west of Bradford, 4 mi (6.5 km) north-west of Bingley, 11 mi (18 km) north of Halifax and 8 mi (13 km) south-east of Skipton. It is governed by Keighley Town Council and Bradford City Council. Keighley is in West Yorkshire, close to the borders of North Yorkshire and Lancashire. Historically in the West Riding of Yorkshire, it lies between Airedale and Keighley Moors. At the 2011 census, Keighley had a population of 56,348.
Bhairavsthan
Bhairavsthan is a village in Achham District in the Seti Zone of western Nepal. According to the 1991 Nepal census, the village had a population of 2869 living in 504 houses. At the time of the 2001 Nepal census, the population was 3486, of which 39% was literate.

2001 Nepal census
The 2001 Nepal census (Nepali: राष्ट्रिय जनगणना २०५८) was conducted by the Nepal Central Bureau of Statistics. According to the census, the population of Nepal in 2001 was 23,151,423.

Working with Nepal's Village Development Committees at a district level, data was  recorded from all the main towns and villages of each district of Nepal. The data included statistics on population size, households, sex and age distribution, place of birth, residence characteristics, literacy, marital status, religion, language spoken, caste/ethnic group, economically active population, education, number of children, employment status, and occupation.
Banyumasan people
Banyumasan or Banyumasan Javanese (Javanese: Ngoko: ꦮꦺꦴꦁꦨꦚꦸꦩꦱꦤ꧀ (Wòng Banyumasan), Indonesian: Orang Banyumasan) (colloquially known as Javanese Ngapak) is a collective term for a Javanese subgroup native to the Indonesia's westernmost part of Central Java. At approximately ±9 million people, they are concentrated in Banyumas, Cilacap, Kebumen, Purworejo, Purbalingga, and Banjarnegara regencies. The Banyumasan-Javanese speak Banyumasan dialect of Javanese language, a dialect which is often called "basa ngapak-ngapak".

Purworejo Regency
Purworejo is a regency (Indonesian: kabupaten; Javanese: ꦥꦸꦂꦮꦉꦗ, romanized: Purwareja) in the southern part of Central Java province in Indonesia. It covers an area of 1,081.45 km2 and had a population of 695,427 at the 2010 Census and 769,880 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 795,033 (comprising 398,135 males and 396,898 females). Its capital is the town of Purworejo.
2022 ATP Lyon Open
The 2022 ATP Lyon Open (also known as the Open Parc Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Lyon) was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 5th edition of the Lyon Open and part of the ATP Tour 250 series of the 2022 ATP Tour. It took place in the city of Lyon, France, from 15 May through 21 May 2022. First-seeded Cameron Norrie won the singles title.

ATP 250 tournaments
The ATP 250 tournaments are the lowest tier of annual men's tennis tournaments on the main ATP Tour, after the four Grand Slam tournaments, ATP Finals, ATP Masters 1000 tournaments, and ATP 500 tournaments. The winners of each tournament are awarded 250 ranking points—which accounts for the name of the series.

As of 2026, the series included 30 tournaments after the retirement of four tournaments (Atlanta, Córdoba, Lyon and Metz), the downgrade of two in 2025 (Estoril for a year, and Newport) and the upgrade of three tournaments to the 500 level (Dallas, Doha and Munich). Draws usually consist of 28 for singles, with Brisbane International (32) and Winston-Salem Open (48) being the only exceptions. Doubles draws consist of 16 teams.

Thomas Muster holds the record for most singles titles at 26, while Mike Bryan holds the record for most doubles titles won with 46.
Cayla George
Cayla George (née Francis; born 1 May 1989) is an Australian professional basketball player. She has played in the Women's National Basketball League (WNBL) and Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). In 2022, she won her fourth WNBL championship. In 2023, she was named WNBL Most Valuable Player and won a WNBA championship.

George made her Opals debut in 2008 and played at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics. At the 2024 Summer Olympics she earned a bronze medal with the Australian team.

She currently sits on the board of the Australian Basketball Players' Association.

WNBA Finals
The WNBA Finals is the championship series of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) and the conclusion of the league's postseason each fall. The series was named the WNBA Championship until 2002.

The series is played between the winners of the playoff semifinals. At the conclusion of the championship round, the winner of the WNBA Finals is presented the championship trophy. The WNBA Finals has been played at the conclusion of every WNBA season in history, the first being held in 1997.

From 2005 to 2024, the winner of the WNBA Finals was determined through a 2–2–1 format. The first, second, and fifth games of the series were played at the arena of the team who earned home court advantage by having the better record during the regular season. Beginning in 2025, the Finals switched to a best-of-seven series with a 2–2–1–1–1 format similar to the NBA Finals.
Helele
"Helele" is a Zulu language song by South African singer Velile Mchunu and Danish percussion duo Safri Duo. It was released on 7 May 2010 as the only new single from Safri Duo's Greatest Hits album. The song was the official trailer song for the 2010 FIFA World Cup broadcast on German television channel RTL and Switzerland's Schweizer Fernsehen and Télévision Suisse Romande in June–July. "Helele" is based on the 1971 song "Aieaoa" by French producer Daniel Vangarde and Belgian producer Jean Kluger in the group Yamasuki. It was famously covered by Belgian group Black Blood in 1975 and English girl group Bananarama in 1981. "Helele" peaked at number one in Switzerland, number two in Germany and number eight in Austria.

On 29 August 2010, "Helele" has won an award for "Best International Single of the Summer" during the 2010 Bydgoszcz Hit Festival in Poland.

Zulu language
Zulu (/ˈzuːluː/ ZOO-loo), or isiZulu as an endonym, is a Southern Bantu language of the Nguni branch spoken in, and indigenous to, Southern Africa with about 13.56 million native speakers, who primarily inhabit the province of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa. The word "KwaZulu-Natal" translates into English as "Home of the Zulu Nation is Natal". Zulu is the most widely spoken home language in South Africa (24% of the population), and it is understood by over 50% of its population. It became one of South Africa's 12 official languages in 1994.

According to Ethnologue, it is the second-most widely spoken of the Bantu languages, after Swahili. Like many other Bantu languages, it is written with the Latin alphabet.

In South African English, the language is often referred to in its native form, isiZulu.
Volcano! (1926 film)
Volcano! is a 1926 American silent drama film directed by William K. Howard and starring Bebe Daniels, Ricardo Cortez, and Wallace Beery. The picture was produced by Famous Players–Lasky and distributed by Paramount Pictures. It is based on a 1920 Broadway play Martinique by Laurence Eyre. It is preserved in the Library of Congress, UCLA Film & Television Archive, and The Museum of Modern Art.

William K. Howard
William K. Howard (June 16, 1899 – February 21, 1954) was an American film director, writer, and producer. Considered one of Hollywood's leading directors at one point, he directed over 50 films from 1921 to 1946, including The Thundering Herd (1925), The Power and the Glory (1933), Fire Over England (1937), and Johnny Come Lately (1943).
Dreamland (2016 film)
Dreamland is a 2016 American comedy-drama film directed by Robert Schwartzman in his directorial debut, from a screenplay by Benjamin Font and Schwartzman. It stars  Johnny Simmons, Amy Landecker, Jason Schwartzman, Noël Wells, Alan Ruck, Beverly D'Angelo, Talia Shire, Shay Mitchell, Frankie Shaw and Nick Thune.

The film had its world premiere at the Tribeca Film Festival on April 14, 2016. The film was released in a limited release and through video on demand by Orion Pictures and Gunpowder & Sky on November 11, 2016.

Alan Ruck
Alan Douglas Ruck (born July 1, 1956) is an American actor. He is known for portraying Cameron Frye in John Hughes's film Ferris Bueller's Day Off (1986), as well as television roles as Stuart Bondek on the ABC sitcom Spin City (1996–2002) and Connor Roy on the HBO series Succession (2018–2023), the latter earning him Primetime Emmy and Golden Globe Award nominations. His other film credits include Class (1983), Bad Boys (1983), Three Fugitives (1989), Young Guns II (1990), Speed (1994), Star Trek Generations (1994), and Twister (1996).
Hamby
Hamby is a Danish and English surname.

Meaning of Hamby (English): habitational name from Hanby near Welton le Marsh, in Lincolnshire, which is named from the Old Norse personal name Hundi + Old Norse býr ‘farmstead’, ‘settlement’. Perhaps an altered spelling of French Hambye, a habitational name from a place in Manche.

Notable people with the surname include:

Anthony Freskyn Charles Hamby Chaplin, 3rd Viscount Chaplin (1906–1981), amateur zoologist and musician

Barbara Hamby (born 1952), American poet, fiction writer, editor and critic

Dearica Hamby (born 1993), American women's basketball player

Jeannette Hamby (1933–2012), American politician and nurse

Jessica Hamby, fictional character in the True Blood series

Jim Hamby (1897–1991), American baseball player

Priscilla Hamby (born 1982), American illustrator and comic book artist

Roger Hamby (born 1943), former NASCAR Cup Series driver

Andrew "Hamby" Hamby (born 2003), Head TA for CS 1332

Jim Hamby
James Sanford Hamby (July 29, 1897 – October 21, 1991), nicknamed "Cracker", was an American professional baseball catcher who played in parts of the 1926 and 1927 seasons for the New York Giants. Of his 55 career at bats, 52 came in 1927, when he had a batting average of .192. In 1926, Hamby had three at-bats late in the season without a hit. Hamby played in the minor leagues through 1933, but never appeared in another major league game.
Oluranti Adebule
Idiat Oluranti Adebule (born 27 November 1970) is a Nigerian writer, educationist and politician who has served as the senator representing Lagos West senatorial district since 2023. She previously served as the 15th deputy governor of Lagos State and the sixth woman to occupy the office from 2015 to 2019.

Education sciences
Education sciences, also known as education studies or education theory, and traditionally called pedagogy, seek to describe, understand, and prescribe education including education policy. Subfields include comparative education, educational research, instructional theory, curriculum theory and psychology, philosophy, sociology, economics, and history of education. Related are learning theory or cognitive science.
Lambeth Central (UK Parliament constituency)
Lambeth Central was a parliamentary constituency in the London Borough of Lambeth, in South London.  It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the UK Parliament (using first-past-the-post voting).

The seat, centred on Clapham, was created for the February 1974 general election, and abolished for the 1983 general election, when most of its territory was transferred to the redrawn Vauxhall constituency.

Clapham
Clapham (/ˈklæpəm/) is a district in south west London, England, lying mostly within the London Borough of Lambeth, but with some areas (including Clapham Common) extending into the neighbouring London Borough of Wandsworth.
Timeline of artificial intelligence risks in global finance
The following article is a broad timeline of the course of events related to artificial intelligence risks in global finance.

The AI boom has led to concerns including the existential risk from artificial intelligence, as the uptake on applications of artificial intelligence increases. By late 2025, global finance and artificial intelligence were "deeply intertwined". A June 2025 Menlo Ventures report raised concerns about the sustainability of future revenue and long-term profitability of AI, given the relatively low rate of consumer monetization.

Claude (language model)
Claude is a series of large language models developed by Anthropic and first released in 2023. It is named after Claude Shannon, who pioneered information theory.

Claude can be used for software development, specifically with Claude Code. The use of Claude by US federal agencies is being phased out after Anthropic refused in February 2026 to remove contractual prohibitions on the use of Claude for mass domestic surveillance and fully autonomous weapons. Claude uses constitutional AI, a training technique that was developed by Anthropic to improve ethical and legal compliance (AI alignment).
Lanesville Christadelphian Church
The Lanesville Christadelphian Church is a historic church building located at 7442 Mount Olive Cohoke Road in King William County, Virginia. Dating back to the late 1800s, the church is an example of a vernacular rural Virginia architecture, characterized by its rectangular footprint, simple architectural features, and large windows. The church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on January 14, 2019.

King William County, Virginia
King William County is a county located in the U.S. state of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 17,810. Its county seat is King William. King William County is located in the Middle Peninsula and is included in the Greater Richmond Region.
Columbus School District
The Columbus School District encompasses an area of approximately 135 miles (217 km) in Columbia, Dodge and Dane counties. Located in the south central Wisconsin city of Columbus, the district is approximately 70 miles (110 km) northwest of Milwaukee, 30 miles (48 km) northeast of Madison and 30 miles (48 km) southeast of Portage.

Columbia County, Wisconsin
Columbia County is a county located in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 58,490. Its county seat and largest city is Portage. The county was created in 1846 as part of Wisconsin Territory. Columbia County is part of the Madison, WI Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as the Madison-Janesville-Beloit, WI Combined Statistical Area.
Winter wheat Russian mosaic virus
Winter wheat Russian mosaic virus (WWRMV) is a plant pathogenic virus.  It is probably a strain of the species Cytorhabdovirus gramineae. It is one of the most common causes of viral disease of wheat in the Volga region of Russia.

Plant disease
Plant diseases are diseases in plants caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). Organisms that cause infectious disease include fungi, oomycetes, bacteria, viruses, viroids, virus-like organisms, phytoplasmas, protozoa, nematodes and parasitic plants. Not included are ectoparasites like insects, mites, vertebrates, or other pests that affect plant health by eating plant tissues and causing injury that may admit plant pathogens. The study of plant disease is called plant pathology.
Kastanitsa
Kastanitsa (Greek: Καστάνιτσα, Tsakonian: Γαστένιτσα) is a village in Arcadia in Greece, on the southern slope of Mount Parnon. It is considered a traditional settlement. It is noted for its production of chestnuts, from which it takes its name, and for formerly being a majority Tsakonian-speaking settlement.

Chestnut
Chestnuts are the deciduous trees and shrubs in the genus Castanea, in the beech family Fagaceae. The name also refers to the edible nuts they produce. They are native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere.
Street of Riches
Street of Riches (fr. Rue Deschambault) is a novel by the Canadian author Gabrielle Roy. It was originally published in French as Rue Deschambault  by Beauchemin in 1955. An English translation by Harry L. Binsse, Street of Riches, was published by McClelland and Stewart in 1957.

Largely autobiographical, it traces the growth and development of a young girl into an accomplished writer. Like much of Roy's fiction, it includes a very autobiographical style and weaves vignettes into a tapestry of the specific time and place. The book covers themes including the social divide between the French Canadian and English Canadian communities in what were the twin cities of St. Boniface and Winnipeg, Manitoba, European immigration to the Canadian prairies, family dynamics and racial integration.

According to literary criticism, the novel is part of the realistic movement.

McClelland & Stewart
McClelland & Stewart Limited is a Canadian publishing company. It is owned by Penguin Random House of Canada, a branch of Penguin Random House, the international book publishing division of German media giant Bertelsmann.
PROSPERO
The International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews, better known as PROSPERO, is an open access online database of systematic review protocols on a wide range of topics. While it was initially restricted to medicine, as of 2021, it also accepts protocols in criminology, social care, education and international development, as long as there is a health-related outcome. Researchers can choose to have their reviews prospectively registered with PROSPERO. The database is produced by the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination at the University of York in England, and it is funded by the National Institute for Health Research. Registration of systematic reviews in the database has been supported by PLoS Medicine, BioMed Central, the EQUATOR Network, and BMJ editor-in-chief Fiona Godlee, among others.

PLOS Medicine
PLOS Medicine (formerly styled PLoS Medicine) is a peer-reviewed weekly medical journal covering the full spectrum of the medical sciences. It began operation on October 19, 2004, as the second journal of the Public Library of Science (PLOS), a non-profit open access publisher. All content in PLOS Medicine is published under the Creative Commons "by-attribution" license. To fund the journal, the publication's business model requires in most cases that authors pay publication fees. The journal was published online and in a printed format until 2005 and is now only published online. The journal's acting chief editor is Clare Stone, who replaced the previous chief editor, Larry Peiperl, in 2018.
Nemo auditur propriam turpitudinem allegans
Nemo auditur propriam turpitudinem allegans is a civil law maxim which may be translated into English as "no one can be heard to invoke his own turpitude" or "no one shall be heard, who invokes his own guilt". The maxim operated with another, in pari causa turpitudinis cessat repetitio (where both parties are guilty, no one may recover), to preclude a court from intervening in a dispute involving an unlawful transaction.

On 30 June 1950, during the 475th meeting of the United Nations Security Council when discussing the validity of resolutions made in the absence of one of the permanent members (during the Soviet boycott), the French delegate invoked the maxim.

Soviet boycott of the United Nations
From 13 January 1950 to 1 August 1950, the Soviet Union boycotted the United Nations by having their diplomat, Yakov Malik, not attend any United Nations Security Council meetings. The boycott originated because of a dispute over the representation of China in the United Nations. The Soviet Union demanded that representatives of the People's Republic of China (PRC) be seated in the United Nations Security Council while the United Nations and its allies on the council recognized representatives of the Kuomintang and the Republic of China. After the Soviet Union lost a motion to seat the PRC in the UN on 13 January 1950, it decided to boycott the organization. This was an attempt to prevent the Security Council from acting until it gave into the Soviet demand, but it backfired on the Soviet Union when the Security Council passed resolutions that the Soviet Union would have blocked had it been in attendance.
1897 Metropolitan Rugby Union season
The 1897 Metropolitan Rugby Union season was the 24th season of the Sydney Rugby Premiership. Six clubs competed from May till September 1897. The season culminated in the premiership, which was won by Randwick who were undefeated during the season. Randwick were crowned premiers by virtue of finishing the season on top of the table. This was the first premiership run under the new Metropolitan Rugby Football Union.

Sydney University Football Club
The Sydney University Football Club, founded in 1863, is the oldest club now playing rugby union in Australia, although this date is disputed by historian Tom Hickie who argues that it was 1865.

Sydney Uni was a member of the inaugural Sydney club competition in 1874, along with the Balmain Rugby Union Football Club, Newington College and The King's School. The club currently competes in the Shute Shield competition and has the most senior premiership titles of all Sydney clubs.

After playing home games at the Sydney University Oval No.1 for 153 years, the club moved to the redeveloped Oval No.2 for the 2016 season. Sydney Uni Sport completed the building of a new training facility and grandstand at that ground accommodating 1,200 spectators.
Duane (surname)
Duane is a surname. Notable persons with that surname include:

Anthony Duane (1679–1747), Irish born American settler, father of James Duane

Diane Duane (born 1952), American science fiction and fantasy author

James Duane (1733–1797), American lawyer, jurist, Continental Congressman, Revolutionary leader, and Mayor of New York City

James Joseph Duane (born 1959), American legal academic

James Chatham Duane (1824–1897), American engineering officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War

Michael Duane (1915–1997), Irish-born British progressive educationalist and headteacher

Ronnie Duane, rugby league footballer of the 1980s and 1990s

Thomas Duane (born 1955), American member of the New York State Senate

William Duane (physicist) (1872–1935), American physicist

William John Duane (1780–1865), Irish born American politician and lawyer

Thomas Duane
Thomas K. Duane (born January 30, 1955) is an American politician from New York, who served in the New York State Senate from 1999 to 2012, and in the New York City Council from 1992 to 1998.

Duane was the first openly gay member of the New York State Senate, and the only such member during his tenure there. He was also the body's only openly HIV-positive member. He represented the 29th Senate district, which stretched along Manhattan's West Side from 85th Street to Canal Street, and includes the following neighborhoods: Upper West Side, Hell's Kitchen, Chelsea, Greenwich Village, and part of the East Side, including the East Village, Stuyvesant Town, Peter Cooper Village and Waterside Plaza.