hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Steve Chapman (chemist)
Steven Kenneth Chapman CBE FRSE FRSC CChem (born 1959) is a British chemist and academic. He served as Vice-Chancellor of Edith Cowan University in Perth, Western Australia, between 2015 and 2024. Before that, he was Principal and Vice-Chancellor of Heriot-Watt University in Edinburgh.

Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry
Fellowship of the Royal Society of Chemistry (FRSC) is one of the most prestigious awards conferred by the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) in the United Kingdom. Existing Fellows include award winning scientists and Nobel prize winners.
Marshalee (Elkridge, Maryland)
Marshalee Plantation, sometimes spelled as "Marshallee" or referred to as "Lyndwood" or "Markham", was a plantation located in Elkridge, Maryland in Howard County, Maryland, United States.

The plantation was the home of Rebecca Snowden and Confederate Col. Charles Marshall, the aide-de-camp to Robert E. Lee. Marshall drafted Lee's Farewell Address. Rebecca was the daughter of Col Thomas Snowden of Montpelier

Charles Marshall (American soldier)
Charles Marshall (October 3, 1830 – April 19, 1902) was a Confederate military officer during the American Civil War. Marshall served as an aide de camp, assistant adjutant general and military secretary to Gen. Robert E. Lee, and later worked to establish the Lost Cause and monuments to his former comrades.
Mäntyharjun asemanseutu
Mäntyharjun asemanseutu (lit. Mäntyharju station area) is a village and administrative center of the Mäntyharju municipality in South Savo, Finland. At the end of 2019, the village had 3,629 inhabitants. It is located along the Savonia railway, and as its name suggests, the village has developed in the immediate vicinity of the Mäntyharju railway station. Lake Pyhävesi is located near the village.

In addition to the railway station, many of the municipality's most important services are located in the village, such as a high school and a comprehensive school, a library, a health center, a pharmacy, a sports field, a couple of grocery stores (S-market and K-Supermarket) and a few restaurants. There is also a rural hotel called Villa-Aurora in the village.

Savo railway
The Savo railway (Finnish: Savon rata; Swedish: Savolaxbanan) is a five-foot-gauge (1,524 mm) railway in Finland. Beginning at Kouvola, it connects southern Finland with the eastern regions of South Savo and North Savo via the cities of Pieksämäki, Kuopio and Iisalmi.
Norman Kitovitz
Norman Kitovitz (9 November 1920 – 1991) was a British former tennis player.

Kitovitz, who had origins in Singapore, attended Oxford University and was awarded his blues in 1939. He made his first main draw appearance at the Wimbledon Championships in 1947 and reached the singles second round on three occasions. In 1963 he won the singles title at the Surrey hard courts championships held in Roehampton.

Blue (university sport)
A blue is an award of sporting colours earned by athletes at some universities and schools for competition at the highest level. The awarding of blues began at Oxford and Cambridge universities in England. They are now awarded at a number of other British universities and at some universities in Australia and New Zealand.
James Burty David
Hon James Burty David GCSK MP was a Mauritian politician. David received his Diploma in Education at the University of London and doctorate at the University of Bordeaux. He joined the Labour Party in 1964, which he served successively as president, secretary general and director of communication. David was minister of education from 1995 to 1997, Minister of Environment and local authorities from 1997 to 2000 and Minister of Local Government, Rodrigues and Outer Islands since 2005. He was a journalist of Freelance, teacher and afterwards rector at Eden College and an author of many school manuals in French. In 2010 he was awarded the Grand Commanders of the Order of the Star and Key of the Indian Ocean (GCSK) for remarkable contribution in the political, social and educational fields.

University of Bordeaux
The University of Bordeaux (French: Université de Bordeaux, pronounced [ynivɛʁsite də bɔʁdo]) is a public research university based in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France.

It has several campuses in the cities and towns of Bordeaux, Dax, Gradignan, Périgueux, Pessac, and Talence. There are also several smaller teaching sites in various other towns in the region, including in Bayonne.

The University of Bordeaux counts more than 50,000 students, over 6,000 of which are international. Alumni include three Nobel Prize winners, two members of France's National Assembly, a member of the Chamber of Deputies, and a King of Morocco. It is a member of the ComUE d'Aquitaine university group.
Taekwondo at the 1986 Asian Games
Taekwondo took place from September 30 to October 3 at the 1986 Asian Games in Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea. Men's competitions were held in eight weight categories. The host nation, South Korea, dominated the competition, winning seven out of eight possible gold medals.

Sungkyunkwan University
Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU or Seongdae, Korean: 성균관대학교; Hanja: 成均館大學校) is a private research university with campuses in Seoul and Suwon, South Korea. The institution traces its origins to the historic Sungkyunkwan founded in 1398 in central Seoul. As the foremost educational institution during the Joseon period, it was governed by the great code of the state administration with royal assent. By a resolution of the Progressive Intellectuals and Confucian scholars, it was restructured as a comprehensive university in the mid-20th century, and has since greatly expanded its academic offerings.
Hanoi (novel)
Hanoi is a spy novel by American writer  Valerie Moolman, first published in 1966 (Number A182F) by Award Books part of the Beacon-Signal division of Universal Publishing and Distributing Corporation (New York, USA), part of the Conde Nast Publications Inc. Copyright was registered on 1 February 1966. It is the 15th novel in the Nick Carter-Killmaster series.

Condé Nast
Condé Nast (/ˌkɒndeɪ ˈnæst/) is an American mass media company founded in 1909 by Condé Montrose Nast and owned by Advance Publications. Its headquarters are located at One World Trade Center in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan, New York City.

The company's media brands attract more than 72 million consumers in print, 394 million in digital and 454 million across social media platforms. These include Vogue, The New Yorker, Condé Nast Traveler, Condé Nast Traveller, GQ, Glamour, Architectural Digest, Vanity Fair, Pitchfork, Wired, Bon Appétit, and Ars Technica, among many others. Former U.S. Vogue editor-in-chief Anna Wintour serves as Artistic Director and Global Chief Content Officer. In 2011, the company launched the Condé Nast Entertainment division, tasked with developing film, television, social and digital video, and virtual reality content.
Brendan Crinion
Brendan Crinion (11 November 1923 – 2 July 1989) was an Irish Fianna Fáil politician who served for more than twenty years as a Teachta Dála (TD) and as a Senator.

A farmer before entering politics, Crinion was first elected to Dáil Éireann as a Fianna Fáil TD for the Kildare constituency at the 1961 general election. He was returned for Kildare at the 1965 general election, but after boundary changes for the 1969 general election he stood in the neighbouring Meath constituency. He was defeated there, but was then nominated by the Taoiseach, Jack Lynch, to the 12th Seanad.

At the next general election in 1973, he stood again in Meath, unseating the long-serving Fianna Fáil TD Michael Hilliard. Crinion was re-elected in Meath at the 1977 general election and again in 1981 general election, before retiring from politics at the February 1982 general election.

Kildare (Dáil constituency)
Kildare was a parliamentary constituency represented in Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Irish parliament or Oireachtas from 1923 to 1937 and from 1948 to 1997. The method of election was proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).
Flores Airport
Flores Airport (IATA: FLW, ICAO: LPFL) (Portuguese: Aeroporto das Flores) is a regional airport on the island of Flores in the Portuguese archipelago of the Azores. It is located along the eastern coast, bisecting the regional capital of Santa Cruz das Flores into two-halves: from the Porto of São Pedro the runway is aligned north–south to the area around Porto dos Poços. The airport divides the area of Monte and Pau Pique (in the headlands) and the central community of Santa Cruz das Flores (located on a fajã, or geological debris field, from the Porto do Boqueirão to Porto Velho) along the eastern coast.

Santa Cruz das Flores
Santa Cruz das Flores (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈsɐ̃tɐ ˈkɾuʒ ðɐʃ ˈfloɾɨʃ] ⓘ; lit. '"Holy Cross of the Flowers"') is a municipality situated in the north half of the island of Flores, in the Portuguese archipelago of the Azores. Situated in the sparsely populated Western Group, the population in 2021 was 2,020 inhabitants in an area that covers approximately 70.91 square kilometres (27.38 sq mi), bordering the southern municipality of Lajes das Flores.
Mean Red Spiders
Mean Red Spiders are a Canadian alternative rock band from Toronto, Ontario.  Their music is largely guitar-based indie rock influenced by psychedelic music. The band makes extensive use of distortion, digital keyboard loops, recorded voice samples, and effects pedals, creating a repeatable orchestrated wall of sound style with vocals. Usually categorized by some reviewers into the shoegaze, dream pop, or space rock genres.

This band is not to be confused with the earlier British R&B  group from Ipswich, Suffolk,  of the same name (1985–1993) who issued two albums, Nude Guitarist in Wet Lettuce Frenzy (1987) and Dark Hours (1991); the punk rock band made up of members of The Chesterfield Kings; or the UK outfit performing under the same name.

The Chesterfield Kings
The Chesterfield Kings are a rock band from Rochester, New York, who began as a retro '60s inspired garage band, and evoking the sounds and styles of 1960s psychedelic rock music. The current lineup features longtime members: Andy Babiuk, Mike Boise, Jeff Okolowicz, Ted Okolowicz, and newcomer John Cammarosano. Former singer Greg Prevost left the band in 2009 to pursue a solo career. The band, named after a brand of unfiltered cigarette, was instrumental in sparking the 1980s garage band revival that launched such groups as the Unclaimed, Marshmallow Overcoat, The Fuzztones, The Pandoras, Mystic Eyes, The Cynics, the Secret Service, and the Stomachmouths.
Dennis Thomas (American football)
Dennis E. Thomas (born September 5, 1953) is an American former gridiron football center, college football head coach, college sports athletic director, and collegiate athletic conference commissioner.

Athletic conference
An athletic conference is a collection of sports teams which play competitively against each other in a sports league. In many cases conferences are subdivided into smaller divisions, with the best teams competing at successively higher levels. Conferences often, but not always, include teams from a common geographic region.
Donald Mahley
Donald Arthur Mahley (July 16, 1942 – March 1, 2014) was an American military officer and diplomat.

Born in Peru, Indiana, Mahley received his bachelor's degree from Purdue University and his master's degree from the University of Pittsburgh. He served in Vietnam, Turkey, and Belgium in the United States Army. He was deputy assistant secretary of state for arms control implementation and United States representative to the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons. He died in Vienna, Virginia of cancer.

Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
The Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) is an intergovernmental organisation and the implementing body for the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC), which entered into force on 29 April 1997. The OPCW, with its 193 member states, has its seat in The Hague, Netherlands; it oversees the global endeavour for the permanent and verifiable elimination of chemical weapons.

The organisation promotes and verifies the adherence to the Chemical Weapons Convention, which prohibits the use of chemical weapons and requires their destruction. Verification consists both of evaluation of declarations by member states and onsite inspections.

The organisation was awarded the 2013 Nobel Peace Prize "for its extensive efforts to eliminate chemical weapons". Nobel Committee chairman Thorbjørn Jagland said, "The conventions and the work of the OPCW have defined the use of chemical weapons as a taboo under international law".
Richard Pittman (boxer)
Richard Pittman (born 10 May 1957) is a former New Zealand boxer who competed for the Cook Islands.

Pittman competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul as an entrant in the featherweight division. He received a bye in the first round and then beat Dumsane Mabuza from Swaziland 4–1 on points before losing to Ya'acov Shmuel from Israel 0–5 on points. He also competed at the 1978 and 1990 Commonwealth Games.

In 1992 he made his professional debut, and over the nine years he had 15 fights winning 8 and losing 7.

1990 Commonwealth Games
The 1990 Commonwealth Games (Māori: 1990 Taumāhekeheke Commonwealth) were held in Auckland, New Zealand from, 24 January – 3 February 1990. It was the 14th Commonwealth Games, and part of New Zealand's 1990 sesquicentennial celebrations.

Participants competed in ten sports: athletics, aquatics, badminton, boxing, cycling, gymnastics, judo, lawn bowls, shooting and weightlifting. Judo (which had been a demonstration sport in 1986) and Gymnastics (last held in 1978) were added as events by the New Zealand organising committee, effectively replacing wrestling, which was dropped from the Games for the first time and rowing which had been held for the last time.

Netball and the Triathlon were demonstration events.
Horisme intestinata
Horisme intestinata, the brown bark carpet moth, is a moth of the  family Geometridae. It is widespread throughout most of temperate North America. The habitat consists of wooded areas.

The wingspan is 21–32 mm. Adults are on wing from late May to late July and again from early September to early October.

The larvae have been recorded feeding on garden Clematis.

Clematis
Clematis is a genus of about 380 species within the buttercup family, Ranunculaceae. Their garden hybrids and cultivars have been popular among gardeners, beginning with Clematis 'Jackmanii', a garden staple since 1862. More cultivars are being produced constantly,  mainly of Chinese and Japanese origin.
Over het geslacht Nepenthes
"Over het geslacht Nepenthes" (lit. "Concerning the genus Nepenthes") is a Dutch-language monograph by Pieter Willem Korthals on the tropical pitcher plants of the genus Nepenthes. It was published in 1839 in Coenraad Jacob Temminck's Verhandelingen over de Natuurlijke Geschiedenis der Nederlandsche overzeesche bezittingen. It is generally regarded as the first monograph on Nepenthes.

Korthals  recognised 9 species: N. ampullaria, N. bongso, N. boschiana, N. distillatoria, N. gracilis, N. gymnamphora, N. madagascariensis, N. phyllamphora (now known as N. mirabilis), and N. rafflesiana. Three of these—N. bongso, N. boschiana, and N. gracilis—were described for the first time, and six were illustrated with hand-coloured lithographs.

Nepenthes ampullaria
Nepenthes ampullaria (/nɪˈpɛnθiːz ˌæmpʊˈlɛəriə/; Latin ampulla meaning "flask") is a very distinctive and widespread species of tropical pitcher plant, present in Borneo, the Maluku Islands, New Guinea, Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, Sumatra, and Thailand.

Nepenthes ampullaria is unique among its genus by having evolved away from carnivory; the plants are partly detritivores, collecting and digesting falling leaf litter in their pitchers.

In the 1996 book Pitcher-Plants of Borneo, N. ampullaria is given the vernacular name flask-shaped pitcher-plant. This name, along with all others, was dropped from the much-expanded second edition, published in 2008.
Kyle Evans
Kyle Evans (born 26 September 1993) is a British former BMX rider from Hindley, Greater Manchester, who represented Great Britain in international competitions. He competed in the men's time trial event at the 2015 UCI BMX World Championships.

Evans was selected for the British cycling team at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, competing in the men's BMX race. After grabbing a twenty-first seed in the opening round with a time of 35.776, Evans scored a total of 19 placing points to take the penultimate spot against seven other riders in his quarter-final heat. He was thus eliminated from the tournament. Evans made an appearance on the ‘Question of Sport’ episode that aired on 14 November 2018. Having retired from BMX racing in 2020, Evans acted as a batonbearer for the 2022 Commonwealth Games Queen's Baton Relay when the baton came to Kidsgrove.

Hindley, Greater Manchester
Hindley (/ˈhɪndli/ HIND-lee) is a town within the Metropolitan Borough of Wigan in Greater Manchester, England. It is three miles (4.8 km) east of Wigan and covers an area of 2,580 acres (1,044 ha). Within the boundaries of the historic county of Lancashire, Hindley (which includes Hindley Green) borders the towns and villages of Ince-in-Makerfield, Aspull, Westhoughton, Atherton and Westleigh in the former borough of Leigh. In 2001, Hindley had a population of 23,457, increasing to 28,000 at the 2011 Census. It forms part of the wider Greater Manchester Urban Area.
Nickelodeon Australian Kids' Choice Awards 2007
The fifth annual Nickelodeon Australian Kids' Choice Awards were held on 10 October 2007 at the Sydney Entertainment Centre. The show was hosted by The Veronicas and Zac Efron. Voting for the nominees of the awards commenced on 1 July 2007 and ended on 22 July 2007 and on 1 August 2007 the full list of nominees were announced with new category Biggest Greenie (who is the person kids think is doing most to save the planet). On 14 August 2007 the voting commenced. Torrie Wilson and Bobby Lashley were also scheduled to appear.

Rove McManus
John Henry Michael "Rove" McManus (born 21 January 1974) is an Australian comedian, producer, media personality and television and radio presenter. He was the host of the eponymous variety show Rove and the comedy talk show Rove LA, and is the co-owner of the production company Roving Enterprises with business partner Craig Campbell. McManus hosted Whovians on the ABC from 2017 to 2020.
Ragnvald Blakstad
Ragnvald Blakstad (20 May 1866 – 26 April 1929) was a Norwegian industrialist and hydropower pioneer. He is best known for developing hydropower in the Arendal watershed, and for the Tyssedal Hydroelectric Power Station and Aura Hydroelectric Power Station.

Aura Hydroelectric Power Station
Aura Power Station (Norwegian: Aura kraftverk) is a hydroelectric power station located in Sunndal Municipality in Møre og Romsdal, Norway. It operates at an installed capacity of 290 megawatts (390,000 hp), with an average annual production of 1,776 gigawatt-hours (6,390 TJ).
Palawan treeshrew
The Palawan treeshrew (Tupaia palawanensis) is a treeshrew species endemic to the Palawan Island, Philippines, where it occurs from sea level to an elevation of 1,400 m (4,600 ft). The population is considered steady. Formerly, it was considered a subspecies of the common treeshrew. Those found on the islands of Busuanga and Culion, which are part of the Calamian Islands group in the Philippines, have also been called the Calamian treeshrew.

Calamian Islands
The Calamian Islands or the Calamianes is a group of islands in the province of Palawan, Philippines. The archipelago comprises the islands of Coron, Culion, Busuanga, and Linapacan, along with numerous smaller islands.
Cherbourg–Maupertus Airport
For the military use of this facility, see: Maupertus-sur-Mer Airfield

Cherbourg–Maupertus Airport or Aéroport de Cherbourg–Maupertus (IATA: CER, ICAO: LFRC) is an airport located 11 km east of Cherbourg-en-Cotentin, between Maupertus-sur-Mer and Gonneville. These are all communes of the Manche département in the Normandy région of France. The airport is managed by SNC-Lavalin Airports (subsidiary of the large Canadian engineering firm SNC-Lavalin) since 1 October 2009.

It has one runway, runway 10/28. It is 2440 metres long and is covered in asphalt. There are six bays, numbered N1 to N6. There are currently no scheduled flights operating to or from the airport. Until early 2008 there was one scheduled flight a day from Paris to Jersey via Cherbourg although this has now been withdrawn.

Charter flights occasionally operate to and from the airport.

Manche
Manche (/mɒ̃ʃ/; French: [mɑ̃ʃ] ⓘ; Norman: Maunche) is a coastal French department in Normandy on the English Channel, which is known as La Manche, literally "the sleeve", in French. Manche is bordered by Ille-et-Vilaine and Mayenne to the south, Orne and Calvados to the east, the English Channel to the west and north and by sharing maritime borders with the Crown Dependencies of Bailiwick of Jersey and Bailiwick of Guernsey of the United Kingdom to the west. It had a population of 495,045 in 2019.
Sip Song Chau Tai
The Sip Song Chau Tai ("Twelve Tai cantons"; Vietnamese: Mười hai châu Thái or Mười hai xứ Thái; Thai: สิบสองจุไท or สิบสองเจ้าไท; Lao: ສິບສອງຈຸໄຕ or ສິບສອງເຈົ້າໄຕ; Chinese: 泰族十二州; Tai Dam: ꪵꪠ꪿ꪙꪒꪲꪙꪼꪕ "Tai Federation") was a confederation of Tai Dam ("Black Tai"), Tai Dón ("White Tai") and Tai Daeng ("Red Tai") chiefdoms in the mountainous north-west of today's Vietnam, dating back at least to the 17th century.

It became an autonomous part of the French protectorate of Tonkin, and thereby of French Indochina, in 1889. In 1948, during the period of the First Indochina War, it was transformed into the Tai Federation (French: Fédération Taï, Vietnamese: Thái liên-đoàn) that was recognized as an autonomous component of the French Union.

In 1950 it was made a crown domain of Vietnamese emperor Bảo Đại without being integrated into the State of Vietnam. It was dissolved after the Geneva Agreements of 1954.

Tai Dam people
The Tai Dam (Tai Dam: ꪼꪕ ꪒꪾ, Lao: ໄຕດຳ, Thai: ไทดำ) are an ethnic minority predominantly from China, northwest Vietnam, Laos, Thailand. They are part of the Tai peoples and ethnically similar to the Thai from Thailand, the Lao from Laos and the Shan from Shan State, Myanmar. Tai Dam means "Black Tai". This name comes from the black clothing worn by the group, especially females. In Vietnam they are called Thái Đen and are included in the group of the Thái people, together with the Thái Đỏ ("Red Tai"), Thái Trắng ("White Tai"), Phu Thai, Tày Thanh and Thái Hàng Tổng. The group of the Thái people is the third largest of the 54 ethnic groups recognized by the Vietnamese government. The Tai Dam's language is similar to Lao, but Tai Dam use their own unique writing system and traditionally rejected Buddhism. According to the Tai Dam's creation story, the Lo Cam family is to be the ruling class and the Luong the priests.