hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Edward Hale (seigneur)
Edward Hale (fl. 1812 – October 15, 1862) was a member of the Special Council of Lower Canada that was formed in the aftermath of the Lower Canada Rebellion.

He was the seigneur of Portneuf, a seigneurie located around the present-day town of Portneuf, Quebec.  He was an officer in the militia who reached the rank of Major in 1830.

He was appointed to the Special Council on August 1, 1839 and was a member until it was dissolved on February 10, 1841, when the Act of Union went into effect.

He was the brother of John Hale, who was a longtime member of the Legislative Council of Lower Canada, and the uncle of his namesake Edward Hale who was also appointed to the Special Council, on September 19, 1839.

Legislative Council of Lower Canada
The Legislative Council of Lower Canada was the upper house of the Parliament of Lower Canada from 1792 until 1838. The Legislative Council consisted of appointed councillors who voted on bills passed up by the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada. The legislative council was created by the Constitutional Act. Many of the members first called in the Council in 1792 had served as councillors in the Council for the Affairs of the Province of Quebec.

The council came to be dominated by the Château Clique, members of the province's most powerful families who were generally interested in preserving the status quo. Both the upper and lower houses were dissolved on March 27, 1838 following the Lower Canada Rebellion and Lower Canada was administered by an appointed Special Council.

Following the Act of Union in 1840, the Legislative Council of the Province of Canada was created in 1841.
Le Pont aux Anglais, soleil couchant
Le Pont aux Anglais, soleil couchant is an oil painting created in 1905 by the French artist Robert Antoine Pinchon (1886–1943). Associated with the new generation of l'École de Rouen Pinchon executed this work in a Post-Impressionist style with a subdued Fauve or Neo-Impressionist palette of golden yellows and incandescent blues. The dynamic image of the train in Pinchon's painting is an homage to the emerging industrialized world.

The work was exhibited in April 1905 at the Galerie Legrip in Rouen (see photograph), and again at the Musée des Beaux-Arts de Rouen; inauguration 13 November 1909. In the collection of François Depeaux at the time, Le Pont aux Anglais, soleil couchant was purchased by the Musée des Beaux-Arts de Rouen in 1909 where it currently forms part of the permanent collection.

Robert Antoine Pinchon
Robert Antoine Pinchon (French pronunciation: [ʁɔbɛʁ ɑ̃twan pɛ̃ʃɔ̃], 1 July 1886 in Rouen – 9 January 1943 in Bois-Guillaume) was a French Post-Impressionist landscape painter of the Rouen School (l'École de Rouen) who was born and spent most of his life in France. He was consistent throughout his career in his dedication to painting landscapes en plein air (i.e., outdoors). From the age of nineteen (1905 to 1907) he worked in a Fauve style but never deviated into Cubism, and, unlike others, never found that Post-Impressionism did not fulfill his artistic needs. Claude Monet referred to him as "a surprising touch in the service of a surprising eye".

Among his important works are a series of paintings of the River Seine, mostly around Rouen, and landscapes depicting places in or near Upper Normandy.
Phoebe (George Mason University journal)
Phoebe: A Journal of Literature and Art is a literary journal based at George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia and first published in 1971. It publishes one print issue and one online issue each year in addition to running annual contests in fiction, poetry, and nonfiction. The journal has served as a space for up-and-coming writers, whose style, form, voice, and subject matter demonstrate a vigorous appeal to the senses, intellect, and emotions of readers. According to the Phoebe constitution, "We insist on openness, which means we welcome both experimental and conventional prose and poetry, and we insist on being entertained, which means the work must capture and hold our attention, whether it be the potent language of a poem or the narrative mechanics of a short story."

Russell Edson
Russell Edson (né Edelstein; 12 December 1928 – April 29, 2014) was an American poet, novelist, writer, and illustrator. He was the son of the cartoonist-screenwriter Gus Edson and Gladys Cedar Edson.

Born in Manhattan, New York City, Edson studied art early in life and attended the Art Students League as a teenager. He began publishing poetry in the 1950s. His honors as a poet include a Guggenheim fellowship, a Whiting Award, and several fellowships from the National Endowment for the Arts.

Edson self-published several chapbooks and later, numerous collections of prose poetry, fables, two novels, Gulping's Recital and The Song of Percival Peacock, and a book of plays under the title, The Falling Sickness. His final book was See Jack (University of Pittsburgh Press, 2009).

He lived in Darien, Connecticut with his wife Frances.
Myristoyl-CoA 11-(E) desaturase
In enzymology, a myristoyl-CoA 11-(E) desaturase (EC 1.14.99.31) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

myristoyl-CoA + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2  (E)-11-tetradecenoyl-CoA + NAD(P)+ + 2 H2O

The 5 substrates of this enzyme are myristoyl-CoA, NADH, NADPH, H+, and O2, whereas its 4 products are (E)-11-tetradecenoyl-CoA, NAD+, NADP+, and H2O.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O miscellaneous.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is n-tetradecanoyl-CoA,NAD(P)H:O2 oxidoreductase [11-(E) desaturating].

Oxidoreductase
In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor. This group of enzymes usually utilizes NADP+ or NAD+ as cofactors. Transmembrane oxidoreductases create electron transport chains in bacteria, chloroplasts and mitochondria, including respiratory complexes I, II and III. Some others can associate with biological membranes as peripheral membrane proteins or be anchored to the membranes through a single transmembrane helix.
2023 EFL Trophy final
The 2023 EFL Trophy, known as the Papa Johns Trophy for sponsorship reasons, the 40th season in the history of the competition, is a knock-out tournament for clubs in EFL League One and League Two, the third and fourth tiers of the English football league system, as well as the "Academy teams" of 16 Premier League clubs with Category One status. With a crowd of 79,389, the Final was the highest attended match in Europe that week. Bolton defeated Plymouth 4–0 in the biggest ever win in an EFL Trophy Final.

Elite Player Performance Plan
The Elite Player Performance Plan (EPPP) is a youth development scheme initiated by the Premier League. The intention of the EPPP is to improve the quality and quantity of home-grown players produced by top English clubs. Measures introduced by the EPPP to free up movement of younger players by establishing a hierarchy of association football academies in England and fixing the transfer fees between academies have proved controversial and some smaller clubs closed their academies in response to the changes.
J. William Williams
John William Williams (September 12, 1880 – May 10, 1908) was an American college football player and coach. His was one of the early deaths that was at least partially attributed to injuries incurred from a college football game.

Dickinson College
Dickinson College is a private liberal arts college in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, United States. Founded in 1773 as Carlisle Grammar School, Dickinson was chartered on September 9, 1783, making it the first college to be founded after the formation of the United States. Dickinson was founded by Benjamin Rush, a Founding Father and signer of the Declaration of Independence. The college is named in honor of John Dickinson, a Founding Father who voted to ratify the Constitution and later served as governor of Pennsylvania, and his wife Mary Norris Dickinson, who donated much of their extensive personal libraries to the new college.
The Shops at Pickering City Centre
The Shops at Pickering City Centre (formerly known as Pickering Town Centre (PTC)) is a large regional shopping mall located in Pickering, Ontario, Canada. Opened in 1972 as Pickering Sheridan Mall, the mall has over 150 stores.

Winners
Winners Merchants International L.P. is a chain of off-price Canadian department stores owned by TJX. Its market niche is similar to the American chain TJ Maxx, and it is a partnered retailer to department stores HomeSense and Marshalls.
Annapolis and Elk Ridge Railroad
The Annapolis and Elk Ridge Railroad was a railroad that operated from 1840 to 1935. One of the country's earliest railroads, it connected Annapolis, Maryland, to the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad's Washington Branch. Reorganized in 1886 as the Annapolis, Washington and Baltimore Railroad, it was acquired in 1903 by the Washington, Baltimore & Annapolis Electric Railway. It was abandoned in 1935.

Today, the right-of-way is now primarily used as a utility corridor, with roads and trails on some sections. Remnants include some bridges, a few small sidings, and two short sections of rail, of which one is still in use.

Crownsville, Maryland
Crownsville is a census-designated place (CDP) in Anne Arundel County, Maryland, United States. The population was 1,757 at the 2010 census. It hosts the Anne Arundel County Fair each September, as well as the annual Maryland Renaissance Festival for several summer weekends. A state psychiatric hospital was formerly in Crownsville. The area offers waterfront scenery and easy access to urban metropolitan areas and culture.
USS Williams (DE-290)
USS Williams (DE-290) was a proposed United States Navy Rudderow-class destroyer escort that was never built.

Sources differ on Williams's planned builder; plans called for either Bethlehem-Hingham Shipyard at Hingham, Massachusetts or the Charleston Navy Yard at Charleston, South Carolina to build her. The contract for her construction was cancelled on 12 March 1944 before construction could begin.

The name Williams was transferred to the destroyer escort USS Williams (DE-372).

Charleston Naval Shipyard
Charleston Naval Shipyard (formerly known as the Charleston Navy Yard) was a U.S. Navy ship building and repair facility located along the west bank of the Cooper River, in North Charleston, South Carolina and part of Naval Base Charleston.
Mount Graham
Mount Graham (called in Nnee biyati' (Western Apache) Dził Nchaa Sí'an – 'Big Seated Mountain') is a mountain in Graham County, Arizona, United States, approximately 70 miles (110 km) northeast of Tucson. The mountain reaches 10,720 feet (3,267 m) in height. It is the highest elevation in Graham County, Coronado National Forest and the Pinaleño Mountains. It is also the southernmost peak and land area in the continental United States above 10,000 feet (3,048 m). As the name "Mount Graham" is often used by locals to refer to the entire mountain range, the peak itself is frequently referred to as "High Peak". It is twentieth of the 57 ultra-prominent peaks of the lower 48 states, and the first of the five in Arizona.

Ultra-prominent peak
An ultra-prominent peak, or ultra for short, is a mountain summit with a topographic prominence of 1,500 metres (4,900 ft) or more; it is also called a P1500. The prominence of a peak is the minimum height of climb to the summit on any route from a higher peak, or from sea level if there is no higher peak. There are about 1,500 such peaks on Earth. Some well-known peaks, such as the Matterhorn and Eiger, are not ultras because they are connected to higher mountains by high cols and thus do not achieve enough topographic prominence.

The term "ultra” derives from "ultra major mountain,” a term proposed by earth scientist Steve Fry, who studied peaks in Washington in the 1980s.
Sibylle Lewitscharoff
Sibylle Lewitscharoff (German: [ziˈbɪlə leviˈtʃaːʁɔf]; 16 April 1954 – 13 May 2023) was a German author. She first wrote in her spare time as a bookkeeper, quitting after her first novel, Pong, appeared in 1998. Pong was successful with critics and the public, earning her the Ingeborg Bachmann Prize. It was followed by Consummatus (2006), Apostoloff (2009) and Blumenberg (2011). She received several German literary awards, including the Georg Büchner Prize in 2013, for "[re-exploring] the boundaries of what we consider our daily reality with an inexhaustible energy of observation, narrative fantasy and linguistic inventiveness.".

Marie Luise Kaschnitz Prize
The Marie Luise Kaschnitz Prize (Marie Luise Kaschnitz-Preis) is a German literary prize, awarded approximately every two years by the Tutzing Protestant Academy Evangelische Akademie Tutzing. It recognizes the lifetime achievements of writers in the German language. The monetary value is €7,500.

The prize commemorates Marie Luise Kaschnitz, who died in 1974. The first award was announced on 14 October 1984.
Electric skateboard
An electric skateboard is a personal transporter based on a skateboard. The speed is usually controlled by a wireless hand-held throttle remote, or rider body weight-shifting between front of the board for forward motion and rear for braking. As for the direction of travel to the right or left, it is adjusted by tilting the board to one side or the other. The classification of electric skateboards (e.g. whether they qualify as a 'vehicle') and legality of their use on roads or pavements varies between countries.

Throttle
A throttle is a mechanism by which fluid flow is managed by construction or obstruction.

An engine's power can be increased or decreased by the restriction of inlet gases (by the use of a throttle), but usually decreased. The term throttle has come to refer, informally, to any mechanism by which the power or speed of an engine is regulated, such as a car's accelerator pedal. What is often termed a throttle (in an aviation context) is also  called a thrust lever, particularly for jet engine powered aircraft. For a steam locomotive, the valve which controls the steam is known as the regulator.
International students in South Korea
The International students in South Korea are students who are pursuing a degree or studying a language at a South Korean university. In April 2024, the number of international students studying at universities and colleges in South Korea was 208,962. The government announced its Study Korea 300K plan to attract 300,000 foreign students by 2027. In other words, it aims to become one of the top 10 destinations for studying abroad by student count by 2027.

Ministry of Education (South Korea)
The Ministry of Education (MOE; Korean: 교육부) is a cabinet-level division of the government of South Korea. It was created on March 23, 2013. It should not be confused with seventeen regional Offices of Education whose heads, Superintendents, are directly elected in local elections.

Its headquarters are in the Sejong Regional Government Complex in Sejong City. Previously it was located in the Central Government Complex in Jongno District, Seoul.
Meitei people in Bangladesh
Meitei people (Meitei: ꯃꯩꯇꯩ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ), also known as Manipuri people (Meitei: ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ), is one of the minority ethnic groups of Bangladesh. They live mostly in the Sylhet Division of the country. The Meitei of Bangladesh's population reached 15,000 in 2020

Yumjao Leima
Yumjao Leima (Old Manipuri: Yumchao Leima) or Yumjao Lairembi (Old Manipuri: Yumchao Lailempi) or Yumjao Lairemma (Old Manipuri: Yumchao Lailemma) is the mother goddess of house, household, royalty, rule and power in Meitei mythology and religion. She is designated as the all time ruling Queen Mother. Legend says she assumes a human form in white clothes and blesses kings. She is one of the divine incarnations of Leimarel Sidabi.
2012 Sandwell Metropolitan Borough Council election
The 2012 Sandwell Metropolitan Borough Council election took place on 3 May 2012 to elect members of Sandwell Metropolitan Borough Council in the West Midlands, England. This was on the same day as other 2012 United Kingdom local elections. In the ward of Great Bridge, the Conservative Party was criticised for fielding a candidate who had the same name as the Labour Party councillor.

Due to being elected 'in thirds', councillors elected at the 2008 Sandwell Council election were defending their seats in 2012.

The Labour Party won every seat, increasing their majority.

Sandwell Metropolitan Borough Council
Sandwell Metropolitan Borough Council, or Sandwell Council, is the local authority of the Metropolitan Borough of Sandwell in the West Midlands, England. It is a metropolitan borough council and provides the majority of local government services in the borough. The council has been a member of the West Midlands Combined Authority since 2016.

The council has been under Labour majority control since 1979. It is based at the Council House in Oldbury.
Flore (given name)
Flore is a feminine given name. Notable persons with that name include:

Flore Enyegue (born 1991), Cameroonian footballer

Flore Gravesteijn (born 1987), Dutch volleyball player

Flore Hazoumé (born 1959), Congolese writer

Flore Levine-Cousyns (1898-1989), Belgian pianist

Flore Maltine Ramarozatovo, Malagasy politician

Flore Revalles (1889-1966), Swiss singer, dancer and actress

Flore Vandenhoucke (born 1995), Belgian badminton player

Flore Vasseur (born 1973), French filmmaker, novelist, journalist and entrepreneur

Flore Zoé (born 1975), Dutch photographer

Flore Zoé
Flore Zoé van den Wijngaart (born 1975) is a fine art and fashion photographer from the Netherlands.

Her series Art meets Fashion was shown during Vitrine 2010, an initiative of the Flanders Fashion Institute. Since April 2012 a selection of Zoé's works are being exhibited at the Opera Gallery Paris and Monaco.

She was born in Delft.
Winton Aldridge
Rowland De Winton Aldridge (1906–1997) was a British architect, architectural historian and artist. He was born in Kent and named in honour of his great grandmother, Catherine Rebecca de Winton, a member of the Parry de Winton engineering family.

An authority on the architecture of the 18th century, Aldridge was an important influence on his close friend,  newspaper owner the 2nd Baron Iliffe, during Iliffe's complete restoration of Basildon Park.

Aldridge was a protegee of Edward Wesson, one of the most "outstanding" watercolour artists of the 20th century. During the mid-20th century, Aldrige was a prolific artist of landscapes, seascapes and urban riverscapes. He usually signed his work "R Winton Aldridge".

De Winton
De Winton & Co (1854–1901) were engineers in Caernarfon, Wales. They built, amongst other things, vertical boilered narrow gauge locomotives for use in Welsh slate mines and other industrial settings. At least six De Winton locomotives have been preserved. But these quarry tramway locomotives, for which in the 21st century they are largely remembered, were just a small part of this company's engineering output.
Mare (surname)
Mare is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aline Mare (born 1961), American artist and filmmaker

André Mare (1885–1932), French painter and designer

Juan Ignacio Mare (born 1995), Argentine footballer

Olindo Mare (born 1973), American football placekicker

Santiago Mare (born 1996), Argentine rugby player

Aline Mare
Aline Mare (aka Aline Psyche Mare) is an American visual artist, performing artist and filmmaker who creates photo-based, hand-finished, multimedia works combine alternative processes and digital technology, remixing nature-based imagery to create surreal compositions that hover between creation and decay.
Dark Sun Online: Crimson Sands
Dark Sun Online: Crimson Sands was a massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) developed and published by Strategic Simulations in 1996 for Windows 95. Dark Sun Online was based on the licensed Dark Sun campaign setting for the Advanced Dungeons & Dragons tabletop role-playing game. It was one of the first fully graphical MMORPGs.

Dark Sun Online was one of the first fully graphical MMORPGs to feature a number of features popularized by later games like Ultima Online, such as nearly unrestricted player versus player combat.  Due to the game's peer-to-peer structure, the game was susceptible to hacking by its players. Dark Sun Online closed in 1999.

Security hacker
A security hacker or security researcher is someone who explores methods for breaching or bypassing defenses and exploiting weaknesses in a computer system or network. Hackers may be motivated by a multitude of reasons, such as profit, protest, sabotage, information gathering, challenge, recreation, or evaluation of a system weaknesses to assist in formulating defenses against potential hackers.

Longstanding controversy surrounds the meaning of the term "hacker". In this controversy, computer programmers reclaim the term hacker, arguing that it refers simply to someone with an advanced understanding of computers and computer networks, and that cracker is the more appropriate term for those who break into computers, whether computer criminals (black hats) or computer security experts (white hats). A 2014 article noted that "the black-hat meaning still prevails among the general public". The subculture that has evolved around hackers is often referred to as the "computer underground".
Peter the Pirate
Peter the Pirate (German: Pietro, der Korsar), also known in English as The Sea Wolves, is a 1925 German silent historical adventure film directed by Arthur Robison and starring Paul Richter, Aud Egede-Nissen, and Rudolf Klein-Rogge. It was based on the 1925 novel by Wilhelm Hegeler. Leni Riefenstahl was offered the role of female lead by producer Erich Pommer, but after doing a screen test she turned it down.

It was shot at the Babelsberg Studios in Berlin. The film's sets were designed by art director Albin Grau. The film premiered at the Union-Theater.

Screen test
A screen test is a method of determining the suitability of an actor or actress for performing on film or in a particular role. It is typically a secondary or later stage in the audition process. The performer is generally given a scene, or selected lines and actions, and instructed to perform in front of a camera to see if they are suitable. The developed film is later evaluated by the relevant production personnel such as the casting director and the director. The actor may be asked to bring a prepared monologue or alternatively, the actor may be given a script to read at sight ("cold reading"). In some cases, the actor may be asked to read a scene, in which another performer reads the lines of another character.

A screen test can also be used to determine the chemistry between two potential actors or actresses, to see if they work well together or not. They may be told to read out their characters' lines from a scene, and perform them together.