hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lane City, Nevada
Lane City or Mineral City was a settlement in White Pine County, Nevada. It is now a ghost town.

A mining camp was founded in 1869 just west of Ely, Nevada, and named Mineral City until 1876. Since Mineral City lay on the Central Overland Route, a stagecoach stop followed, and by 1872, the boomtown had a post office and more than 600 inhabitants. In 1896 the town was renamed Lane City for Charles D. Lane, following his purchase of Chainman, a major local mining and milling operation. The remnants of the town lie along what is now US 50.

Central Overland Route
The Central Overland Route (also known as the "Central Overland Trail", "Central Route", "Redden's Way", "Simpson's Route", or the "Egan Trail") was a transportation route from Salt Lake City, Utah south of the Great Salt Lake through the mountains of central Nevada to Carson City, Nevada. For a decade after 1859, until the first Transcontinental Railroad was completed in 1869, it served a vital role in the transport of emigrants, mail, freight, and passengers between California, Nevada, and Utah.
John Hornaman
John R. Hornaman (born February 13, 1947) is a former Democratic member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, representing the 3rd District from 2007 through 2013.

Hornaman attended McDowell High School and earned a degree in economics from Gannon University Prior to elective he worked as an agent for New York Life from 1972 through 1976. He also owned a painting contracting business, Creative Wall Finishes, for 30 years. He served as a citizen advisor on the Act 101 Solid Waste Committee of Erie County from 2005 to 2006. Hornaman has also been a strong advocate for Lake Erie Wind Power.

New York Life Insurance Company
New York Life Insurance Company (NYLIC), most commonly known as New York Life, is the second-largest life insurance company and the largest mutual life insurance company in the United States,  and is ranked #69 on the 2025 Fortune 500 list of the largest U.S. corporations by total revenue. In 2025, NYLIC achieved the best possible ratings by the four independent rating companies (Standard & Poor's, AM Best, Moody's and Fitch Ratings). Other New York Life affiliates provide an array of securities products and services, as well as institutional and retail mutual funds.
Miha Tišler
Miha Tišler (September 18, 1926 – March 25, 2021) was a Slovene chemist who served as a professor of chemistry at the Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology in Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Tišler was the author of 50 books and monographs on heterocyclic chemistry, and he was named a Knight of the Order of St. Gregory the Great.

Miha Tišler was born in Ljubljana on September 18, 1926. In 1955 he was appointed a professor of chemistry at the University of Ljubljana. In 1977 he received the Kidrič Prize. From 1978 to 1980 he served as the president of International Society of Heterocyclic Chemistry.

Order of St. Gregory the Great
The Pontifical Equestrian Order of St. Gregory the Great (Latin: Ordo Sancti Gregorii Magni; Italian: Ordine di San Gregorio Magno) was established on 1 September 1831, by Pope Gregory XVI, seven months after his election as Pope.

The order is one of the five orders of knighthood of the Holy See. The honor is bestowed upon Catholic men and women (and certain notable non-Catholics) in recognition of their personal service to the Holy See and to the Catholic Church, through their unusual labors, their support of the Holy See, and the examples they set in their communities and their countries.
Victor Simões
Victor Simões, full name Victor Simões de Oliveira (/siːˈmɔɪnz/ see-MOYNZ; Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈvik.toʁ siˈmõj̃ʒ ˈd͡ʒi o.liˈve(j).ɾɐ]; born March 23, 1981, in Rio de Janeiro) is a Brazilian footballer who last played for Umm Salal SC in the Qatar Stars League.

2012 King Cup of Champions
The 2012 King Cup of Champions, or The Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques Cup, was the 37th season of King Cup of Champions since its establishment in 1957, and the 5th under the current edition. Al-Ahli were the defending champions.

Al-Ahli won the title for the second time in a row and their twelfth title overall after beating Al-Nassr 4–1 in the final.
German submarine U-501
German submarine U-501 was a Type IXC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. The submarine was laid down on 12 February 1940 at the Deutsche Werft yard in Hamburg, launched on 25 January 1941 and commissioned on 30 April 1941 under the command of Korvettenkapitän Hugo Förster. The boat served with the 2nd U-boat Flotilla until she was sunk on 10 September 1941.

Deutsche Werft
Deutsche Werft (English: German Shipyard) was a shipbuilding company in Finkenwerder Rüschpark, Hamburg, Germany. It was founded in 1918 by Albert Ballin and with Gutehoffnungshütte (GHH), Allgemeine Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft (AEG) and Hamburg Amerikanische Packetfahrt Actien Gesellschaft (HAPAG) as investors.
Joachim Halupczok
Joachim Halupczok (3 June 1968 – 5 February 1994) was a Polish racing cyclist. He won the silver medal in the team time trial at the 1988 Summer Olympics along with Andrzej Sypytkowski, Marek Leśniewski and Zenon Jaskuła.

In 1989 he became the amateur champion at the 1989 UCI Road World Championships.

In 1990 he signed professional terms and took part in the World Championships in Utsunomiya, Japan. He finished the World Championship course :08 behind the winner within a peloton of the best riders in the world including Gianni Bugno, Greg Lemond, Pedro Delgado, Sean Kelly and Miguel Indurain. He was later diagnosed with cardiac arrhythmia, which meant that he had to quit professional cycling. It was suspected that the cause of his health problems was the use of EPO. Professor Romuald Lewicki from Zakład Medycyny Sportowej WAM in Łódź (Institute of Sports Medicine) claims that Halupczok's 
cardiac arrhythmia was genetic because his father and son suffer from the same condition.

Cycling at the 1988 Summer Olympics
The cycling competitions at the 1988 Olympic Games in Seoul consisted of two different categories: road cycling and track cycling. Nine events were contested, including the first women's sprint event at the Olympics.
Oxygyne hyodoi
Oxygyne hyodoi, commonly known as hina-no-bonbori (Japanese: ヒナノボンボリ), is a species of achlorophyllous mycoheterotrophic plant  in the family Burmanniaceae. It is endemic to the island of Shikoku in Japan, where it is known only from the type locality. The small blue flowers appear in October.

First described in 1989 based on a specimen collected the year prior, this species was declared extinct in 2018 after decades of unsuccessful relocation attempts, however, a population of approximately 15 plants was rediscovered at the type locality in 2019.

Nishiumi, Ehime
Nishiumi (西海町, Nishiumi-chō) was a town located in Minamiuwa District, Ehime Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2005, the town had an estimated population of 2787 and a density of 127.79 persons per km2. The total area was 21.81 km2.

On October 1, 2004, Nishiumi, along with the towns of Ipponmatsu, Jōhen and Mishō, and the village of Uchiumi (all from Minamiuwa District), was merged to create the town of Ainan.

Though now part of Ainan, Nishiumi itself consisted of many individual villages (localities/hamlets) including Fukuura, Funakoshi, Nishiura, and Sotodomari, among others.

The industry in Nishiumi consists primarily of fishing and agriculture, producing things such as bonito and mikan oranges.
Galperin
Galperin is an (Eastern) Jewish surname, derived from Heilprin / Halperin. The Russian feminine form is Galperina. Notable people with the surname include:

Eleonora Galperina, better known as Nora Gal (1912–1991), Soviet writer and translator

Eva Galperin, director of cybersecurity at the Electronic Frontier Foundation

Evsey Galperin (1920–1990), Soviet geophysicist, inventor of the symmetric triaxial seismometer design (Galperin configuration)

Gleb Galperin (born 1985), Russian individual and synchronized diver who competed in the 2004, 2008 and 2012 Summer Olympics

Marcos Galperin (born 1971), Argentine businessman

Mark Galperin (born 1968 or 1969), Russian political activist

Revekka Galperina (1894–1974), Soviet editor and translator

Ron Galperin (born 1963), American politician and lawyer

Yefim Galperin (born 1947), Russian-American film producer, director, scenarist, journalist and writer

Revekka Galperina
Revekka Menasievna Galperina (Russian: Ревекка Менасьевна Гальперина; August 25, 1894 – November 2, 1974) was a Soviet editor and translator of English and German literature, one of the most prolific translators in the Soviet Union.
Arthur Slaght
Arthur Graeme Slaght (3 May 1877 – 21 January 1964) was a Canadian lawyer and politician. Slaght served as a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in Simcoe, Ontario.

Slaght attended secondary school at Simcoe, then studied at Osgoode Hall Law School.

He unsuccessfully attempted to win a seat in the House of Commons at Timiskaming riding in a by-election on 7 April 1920. He won the Parry Sound seat in the 1935 federal election and was re-elected there in 1940. After completing his term in the 19th Canadian Parliament, Slaght did not seek a further term in the 1945 election.

Osgoode Hall Law School
Osgoode Hall Law School, commonly shortened to Osgoode, is the law school of York University in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is home to the Law Commission of Ontario, the Journal of Law and Social Policy, and the Osgoode Hall Law Journal. A variety of J.D. LL.M. and Ph.D. degrees in law are available. Osgoode is widely considered to be one of the top law schools in Canada, ranking second in the country according to the most recent rankings by Maclean.

The law school's alumni include two Canadian prime ministers, four Attorneys General, eight premiers of Ontario, four Mayors of Toronto, eleven Justices of the Supreme Court of Canada, four of whom were Chief Justices, and one Academy Award nominee. The current dean of the law school is Trevor C.W. Farrow.
Holmside Hall
Holmside Hall is an early 19th-century farmhouse and equestrian centre at Holmside, Burnhope, County Durham, England.

The farm is built on the site of a medieval manor house which until 1570 was the home of Robert Tempest (High Sheriff of Durham in 1561). The family lost the manor by confiscation following his attainder for his part in the Rising of the North in 1569.

The site contains the remains of a medieval moat and the farm outbuildings contain walls and fragments of the medieval manor house. The farmhouse and outbuildings are Grade II listed buildings.

Holmside New Hall, sometimes known as Little Holmside, is a nearby 17th-century house one time home of the Whittingham family.

Equestrian facility
An equestrian facility is created and maintained for the purpose of accommodating, training or competing equids, especially horses.  Based on their use, they may be known as a barn, stables, or riding hall and may include commercial operations described by terms such as a boarding stable, livery yard, or livery stable. Larger facilities may be called equestrian centers and co-located with complementary services such as a riding school, farriers, vets, tack shops, or equipment repair.
Malham Moor
Malham Moor is a civil parish in the county of North Yorkshire, England. Its population was estimated at 70 in 2015.

It has a joint parish council, Kirkby Malhamdale Parish Council, with the parishes of Malham, Kirkby Malham and Hanlith.

There is no village in the parish.  The parish includes scattered farms and houses, Malham Tarn and large areas of moorland, including Fountains Fell.  The upland area identified on Ordnance Survey maps as Malham Moor lies outside the parish, to the east. It is north west of Threshfield along Malham Moor Lane. Its summit is at 411m.(SD952648)

Malham Moor was historically a township in the ancient parish of Kirkby Malham in the West Riding of Yorkshire.  It became a civil parish in 1866, and in 1974 was transferred to the new county of North Yorkshire. From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the district of Craven, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.

Craven District
Craven was a non-metropolitan district in the west of North Yorkshire, England, centred on the market town of Skipton. The name Craven is much older than the modern district and encompassed a larger area. This history is also reflected in the way the term is still commonly used, such as by the Church of England.

From 1974 until 2023, the name Craven was used for a separate local government district, formed originally as the merger of Skipton urban district, Settle Rural District and most of Skipton Rural District; all were historically in the West Riding of Yorkshire. Since 1 April 2023, the area has formed part of the new North Yorkshire Council unitary authority. The population of the Local Authority area at the 2011 Census was 55,409; it comprised the upper reaches of Airedale, Wharfedale, Ribblesdale, and includes most of the Aire Gap and Craven Basin.
Melanohalea zopheroa
Melanohalea zopheroa is a species of lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It was first formally described in 1977 by Ted Esslinger as Parmelia zopheroa. A year later, he transferred it to the new genus Melanelia, which he created to contain the brown Parmeliae species. In 2004, after early molecular phylogenetic evidence showed that Melanelia was not monophyletic, Melanohalea was circumscribed by lichenologists Oscar Blanco, Ana Crespo, Pradeep K. Divakar, Esslinger, David L. Hawksworth and H. Thorsten Lumbsch, and M. zopheroa was transferred to it. The lichen has a disjunct distribution, as it is found in South America (Chile) and in New Zealand.

David Galloway and Per Magnus Jørgensen have suggested that Melanohalea zopheroa is a sorediate counterpart of the New Zealand species Melanelia inactiva.

Per Magnus Jørgensen
Per Magnus Jørgensen (born 1944) is a Norwegian botanist and lichenologist, and Professor Emeritus of systematic botany at the University of Bergen. He is known for his work on the lichen families Pannariaceae and Collemataceae. Jørgensen was awarded the Acharius Medal in 2021 for his lifetime contributions to lichenology.
González Padín
González Padín was a high-end department store based in San Juan, Puerto Rico. The chain which operated in Puerto Rico at its peak had 10 stores. The chain closed in 1995, and at the time of closure it was the biggest and oldest department store on the island.

Mayagüez, Puerto Rico
Mayagüez (Spanish pronunciation: [maʝaˈɣwes], locally [maʝaˈweʔ]) is the ninth-largest municipality in Puerto Rico. It was founded as Pueblo de Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria de Mayagüez (Township of Our Lady of Candelaria), and is also known as La Sultana del Oeste (The Sultaness of the West), Ciudad de las Aguas Puras (City of Pure Waters), or Ciudad del Mangó (Mango City). On April 6, 1894, the Spanish Crown granted it the formal title of Excelente Ciudad de Mayagüez (Excellent City of Mayagüez). Mayagüez is located in the center of the western coast on the island of Puerto Rico. It has a population of 73,077, and it is the principal city of the Mayagüez Metropolitan Statistical Area (pop. 213,831) and the Mayagüez–Aguadilla, PR Combined Statistical Area (pop. 467,599).
David Hammerstein Mintz
David Hammerstein Mintz (born 23 September 1955) is a Spanish politician and former Member of the European Parliament for Los Verdes, part of the European Greens. He used to sit on the European Parliament's Committee on Industry, Research and Energy and its Committee on Petitions. He also worked for an international consumer advocacy group, the Trans-Atlantic Consumer Dialogue (TACD), but is now working for the commons network.

Hammerstein was born in Los Angeles, and graduated in sociology from the University of California in 1978.  From 1991 to 1999, he worked as a Natural economy and geography teacher at secondary level (in Godella).

Godella
Godella is a municipality in the comarca of Horta Nord, province of Valencia, Spain.

Godella was founded in 1238 by the cession of James I of Aragon of a region named Godayla to the Aragonese Pedro Maza.

Although part of the municipal area is cultivated (producing diverse foodstuffs such as potatoes and onions), agriculture is not a principal economic activity of the municipality.
Wolfgang Krause
Wolfgang Krause (18 September 1895 – 14 August 1970) was a German philologist and linguist. A professor at the University of Göttingen for many years, Krause specialized in comparative linguistics, and was an authority on Celtic studies, Tocharian languages, Germanic studies, Old Norse and particularly runology.

Comparative linguistics
Comparative linguistics is a branch of historical linguistics that is concerned with comparing languages to establish their historical relatedness.

Genetic relatedness implies a common origin or proto-language and comparative linguistics aims to construct language families, to reconstruct proto-languages and specify the changes that have resulted in the documented languages. To maintain a clear distinction between attested and reconstructed forms, comparative linguists prefix an asterisk to any form that is not found in surviving texts. A number of methods for carrying out language classification have been developed, ranging from simple inspection to computerised hypothesis testing. Such methods have gone through a long process of development.
2011 WSK Euro Series
The 2011 WSK Euro Series in KF3 class  was the 2nd season of the WSK Euro Series, an international karting championship. Max Verstappen clinched the title for the second year in a row, despite not participating in one round due to the injuries. Esteban Ocon finished second and Dennis Olsen finished third.

Dennis Olsen (racing driver)
Dennis Olsen (born 14 April 1996) is a Norwegian racing driver who currently competes in the FIA World Endurance Championship for Proton Competition and the GT World Challenge Europe Endurance Cup for Dinamic GT. He has previously competed full-time in the Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters and Porsche Supercup, and is a former Porsche Junior Driver and former member of the Red Bull Racing Simulator Development Program. He was champion of the Porsche Carrera Cup Germany in 2017.
Assumption of the Virgin Mary and Roch's Church (Jesenice)
Assumption of the Virgin Mary and Roch's Church (Slovene: Cerkev Marijinega vnebovzetja in Roka) is a Catholic church in the Sava neighborhood of the town of Jesenice, in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia.

Originally dedicated only to the Assumption of the Virgin, the church was built by the ironworks owners Julius and Orfeus Bucelleni. It is the first example of Jesuit architecture in Slovenia. The nave, with a plaque dated 1606, still preserves its original features. The choir was expanded and raised in the late 17th century. Three altar pieces painted by the Venetian artist Nicola Grassi from the church (The Assumption of the Virgin, Mary of the Rosary with Saint Dominic and Saint Francis, Saint Anthony of the Desert with an unknown early Christian martyr) were all restored in 1961 and again in 1992. There are several other oil paintings in the church.

Upper Carniola
Littoral

Carniola: 2a Upper, 2b Inner, 2c Lower

Carinthia

Styria

Prekmurje

Upper Carniola (Slovene: Gorenjska pronounced [ɡɔˈɾèːnska]; Italian: Alta Carniola; German: Oberkrain) is a traditional region of Slovenia, the northern mountainous part of the larger Carniola region. The largest town in the region is Kranj, and other urban centers include Kamnik, Jesenice, Domžale and Škofja Loka. It has around 300,000 inhabitants or 14% of the population of Slovenia.
Cycling at the 1904 Summer Olympics – 2 miles
The 2 miles was a track cycling event held as part of the cycling programme at the 1904 Summer Olympics.  It was the only time this 2.0 miles (3,200 m) event was held at the Olympics.  13 American cyclists competed.

1904 Summer Olympics
The 1904 Summer Olympics (officially the Games of the III Olympiad and also known as St. Louis 1904) were an international multi-sport event held in St. Louis, Missouri, United States, from 1 July to 23 November 1904. Many events were conducted at what is now known as Francis Field on the campus of Washington University in St. Louis. This was the first time that the Olympic Games were held outside Europe.

Tensions caused by the Russo–Japanese War and difficulties in traveling to St. Louis resulted in very few top-class athletes from outside the United States and Canada taking part in the 1904 Games. Only 69–74 of the 651 athletes who competed came from outside North America, and only between 12 and 15 nations were represented in all. Some events subsequently combined the U.S. national championship with the Olympic championship. The current three-medal format of gold, silver and bronze for first, second and third place was introduced at the 1904 Olympics.
Canon EF 17-40mm lens
The EF 17–40mm f/4L USM lens is a wide-angle lens made by Canon Inc. The lens has an EF mount to work with the EOS line of cameras. Other than the front element, it is sealed against dust and water, and features a diaphragm which remains nearly circular from f/4 to f/8. It is one of the few Canon photo lenses that are parfocal.

Canon Inc.
Canon Inc. (Japanese: キヤノン株式会社; Hepburn: Kyanon kabushiki gaisha) is a Japanese multinational corporation headquartered in Ōta, Tokyo, specializing in optical, imaging, and industrial products, such as lenses, cameras, police equipment , scanners, printers, and semiconductor manufacturing equipment.

Canon has a primary listing on the Tokyo Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the TOPIX Core 30 and Nikkei 225 indexes. It used to have a secondary listing on the New York Stock Exchange.
Terry Fincher
Terry Fincher (8 July 1931 – 6 October 2008) was an award-winning British photojournalist. His career took off in 1956 when he accompanied British forces that invaded Egypt during the Suez Crisis. He later did five tours of Vietnam covering the war there for the Daily Express, as well as reporting extensively from trouble spots in the Middle East and Africa. He was British press photographer of the year for 1957, 1959, 1964, and 1967, and runner-up in 1968 (as of September 2013, a still unbeaten record).

He was the subject of This Is Your Life in 1976 when he was surprised by Eamonn Andrews.

Eamonn Andrews
Eamonn Andrews (19 December 1922 – 5 November 1987) was an Irish radio and television presenter, employed primarily in the United Kingdom from the 1950s to the 1980s. From 1960 to 1964 he chaired the Radio Éireann Authority (now the RTÉ Authority), which oversaw the introduction of a state television service in Ireland. He is perhaps best remembered as the UK host of This Is Your Life from its inception in 1955 until his death in 1987.