hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Athletics at the 1920 Summer Olympics – Men's marathon
The men's marathon event was part of the track and field athletics programme at the 1920 Summer Olympics. The distance of this race was 42.75 kilometres. The competition was held on Sunday, 22 August 1920. 48 runners from 17 nations competed. No nation had more than 4 runners, suggesting the limit had been reduced from the 12 maximum in force in 1908 and 1912. The event was won by Hannes Kolehmainen of Finland, the nation's first Olympic marathon medal and victory; Kolehmainen received his fourth gold medal, having won the 5000 metres, 10,000 metres, and individual cross country in 1912. Estonia (Jüri Lossmann's silver) and Italy (Valerio Arri's bronze) also won their first marathon medals.

Jüri Lossmann
Jüri Lossmann (4 February [O.S. 23 January] 1891 – 1 May 1984) was an Estonian long-distance runner. He finished second in the marathon at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp, at 2:32:48.6, trailing Hannes Kolehmainen by 13 seconds, but beating the third-placed Valerio Arri by almost 4 minutes. At the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris, he was the flag bearer for Estonia and finished tenth in the marathon.
Claudia Casper
Claudia Casper is a Canadian writer. She is best known for her bestseller novel The Reconstruction, about a woman who constructs a life-sized model of the hominid Lucy for a museum diorama while trying to recreate herself. Her third novel, The Mercy Journals, written as the journals of a soldier suffering PTSD in the year 2047, won the 2016 Philip K. Dick Award for distinguished Science fiction.

Typesetting
Typesetting is the composition of text for publication, display, or distribution by means of arranging physical type (or sort) in mechanical systems or glyphs in digital systems representing characters (letters and other symbols). Stored types are retrieved and ordered according to a language's orthography for visual display. Typesetting requires one or more fonts (which are widely but erroneously confused with and substituted for typefaces).

One significant effect of typesetting was that authorship of works could be spotted more easily, making it difficult for copiers who have not gained permission.
Edith Fowke
Edith Fowke, CM (née Margaret Fulton; 30 April 1913 in Lumsden, Saskatchewan – 28 Mar 1996 in Toronto) was a Canadian folklorist.  Fowke was educated at the University of Saskatchewan.  She hosted the CBC Radio program Folk Song Time from 1950 to 1963. She wrote numerous books in collaboration with folklorist and composer Richard Johnston, including Folk Songs of Canada (Waterloo Music Company 1954), Folk Songs of Quebec (Waterloo 1957), Chansons canadiennes françaises (Waterloo 1964), and More Folk Songs of Canada (Waterloo 1967). She is particularly noted for recording the songs of traditional singers O. J. Abbott, LaRena Clark, and Tom Brandon.  Edith Fowke died in Toronto in 1996.

Waterloo Music Company
The Waterloo Music Company was a Canadian music publishing and musical instrument retailing firm that was founded in 1921 by Charles F. Thiele in Waterloo, Ontario. During its more than eight decade history, the company published works by a large number of notable Canadian composers, including compositions by Violet Archer, John Beckwith, Keith Bissell, Jean Coulthard, Samuel Dolin, Robert Fleming, Arthur Wellesley Hughes, Talivaldis Kenins, Walter MacNutt, Stephen Michell, Barbara Pentland, Godfrey Ridout, Jeannine Vanier, Eric Wild,  and Healey Willan. In 2004 the company was acquired by St. John's Music.
Fort Chambray
Fort Chambray or Fort Chambrai (Maltese: Forti Xambrè) is a bastioned fort located in the precincts of Għajnsielem, on the island of Gozo, Malta. It was built in the mid-18th century by the Order of Saint John, in an area known as Ras it-Tafal, between the port of Mġarr and Xatt l-Aħmar. The fort was meant to be the citadel of a new city which was to replace the Cittadella as the island's capital, but this plan never materialized.

The fort saw use during the French invasion of Malta in 1798, and was subsequently used as a military hospital and mental institution. The fort is currently being restored and redeveloped as a luxury accommodation.

Outwork
An outwork is a minor fortification built or established outside the principal fortification limits, detached or semidetached. Outworks such as ravelins, lunettes (demilunes), flèches and caponiers to shield bastions and fortification curtains from direct battery were developed in the 16th century. Later, the increasing scale of warfare and the greater resources available to the besieger accelerated this development, and systems of outworks grew increasingly elaborate and sprawling as a means of slowing the attacker's progress and making it more costly. When taken by an enemy force, their lack of rear-facing ramparts left them totally open to fire from the main works.

An advanced work, a fortification detached and forward of the main castle or fortification, is sometimes referred to as a type of outwork or 'advanced outwork'.

The hornwork and crownwork are subtypes of outworks.
Evie Wyld
Evelyn Rose Strange "Evie" Wyld FRSL (born 1980) is an English author. Several of her novels are set in Australia, where she spent holidays with her grandparents as a child, and she has won several Australian literary awards. Her first novel, After the Fire, A Still Small Voice, won the John Llewellyn Rhys Prize in 2009, and her second novel, All the Birds, Singing, won the Encore Award in 2013 and the Miles Franklin Award in 2014. Her third novel, The Bass Rock, won the Stella Prize in 2021.

BookTrust
BookTrust is a UK children's reading charity dedicated to getting children reading.

The charity works across England, Wales and Northern Ireland – its head office is in Leeds, England.

BookTrust was founded in 1921 by Hugh Walpole, Stanley Unwin, Maurice Marston and Harold Macmillan.

The Queen is BookTrust's patron. In 2011, she took over the role from the Duke of Edinburgh who stood down after a number of years. BookTrust's president is Sir Michael Morpurgo, the award-winning author of over 120 books for children, including War Horse. The charity's chief executive is Diana Gerald, who took over from Viv Bird in early 2015.
Marlboro Mountains
The Marlboro Mountains, sometimes Marlborough Mountains, are a group of hogbacked mountains arranged in a 25-mile-long (40 km) ridge extending from Newburgh, New York, to just south of Kingston, New York.    Considered to be part of the Ridge and Valley Appalachians, the mountains, which reach elevations over 1,100 feet, form an imposing geologic barrier just west of the Hudson River.  They subdivide the relatively flat Hudson River Valley (a section of the Great Appalachian Valley) to create the Wallkill Valley further west.  Rising abruptly on their eastern flanks, the Marlboro Mountains are known for their sweeping views of the region.

Ridge
A ridge is a long, narrow, elevated geomorphologic landform, structural feature, or a combination of both separated from the surrounding terrain by steep sides. The sides of a ridge slope away from a narrow top, the crest or ridgecrest, with the terrain dropping down on either side. The crest, if narrow, is also called a ridgeline. Limitations on the dimensions of a ridge are lacking. Its height above the surrounding terrain can vary from less than a meter to hundreds of meters. A ridge can be either depositional, erosional, tectonic, or a combination of these in origin and can consist of either bedrock, loose sediment, lava, or ice depending on its origin. A ridge can occur as either an isolated, independent feature or part of a larger geomorphological and/or structural feature. Frequently, a ridge can be further subdivided into smaller geomorphic or structural elements.
P.O.W. (The United States Steel Hour)
"P.O.W." was an American television play that was broadcast by the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) on October 27, 1953.  It was the first episode of the series The United States Steel Hour. The production examined the physical and mental suffering of former prisoners of war returning from the Korean War. Produced and directed by Alex Segal, the production starred Richard Kiley, Gary Merrill, and Brian Keith.

Brian Keith
Robert Alba Keith (November 14, 1921 – June 24, 1997), known professionally as Brian Keith, was an American film, television, and stage actor who in his six-decade career gained recognition for his work in films such as the Disney family film The Parent Trap (1961); Johnny Shiloh (1963); the comedy The Russians Are Coming, the Russians Are Coming (1966); and the adventure saga The Wind and the Lion (1975), in which he portrayed President Theodore Roosevelt.

On television, two of his best-known roles were those of bachelor-uncle-turned-reluctant-parent Bill Davis in the 1960s sitcom Family Affair, and a tough retired judge in the lighthearted 1980s crime drama Hardcastle and McCormick. He also starred in The Brian Keith Show, which aired on NBC from 1972 to 1974, where he portrayed a pediatrician who operated a free clinic on Oahu, and in the CBS comedy series Heartland.
Spec O'Donnell
Walter D. "Spec" O'Donnell (April 9, 1911 – October 14, 1986) was an American film actor who appeared in more than 190 films between 1923 and 1978.

He worked frequently for producer Hal Roach, often appearing in silent comedies as the bratty son of Max Davidson or Charley Chase. His sound-era roles were mostly uncredited bits, often as bellhops, newsboys, and pages; he was playing adolescent roles well into his twenties. He has the unusual distinction of playing the same role (a newsboy) in both an original film and its remake: Princess O'Hara and It Ain't Hay.

Princess O'Hara
Princess O'Hara is a 1935 American comedy film directed by David Burton and starring Jean Parker, Chester Morris and Leon Errol. The story was adapted for the 1943 Abbott and Costello film It Ain't Hay.
Paratime series
The Paratime series written by H. Beam Piper and subsequently by John F. Carr consists of several short stories, one novella, and one novel, all but one of which were originally published in Astounding Science Fiction under the editorship of John W. Campbell. The series deals with an advanced civilization that is able to travel between parallel universes with alternate histories, and uses that ability to trade for goods and services that its own, exhausted Earth cannot provide. The protagonists of the stories are the Paratime Police, the organization that protects the secret of paratime travel.

Benjamin Bathurst (diplomat)
Benjamin Bathurst (born 18 March 1784 – disappeared 25 November 1809) was a British diplomat who disappeared in Prussia during the Napoleonic Wars. He was the third son of Henry Bathurst, Bishop of Norwich. His sister was the poet Caroline de Crespigny.

Bathurst's disappearance in 1809 sparked much debate and speculation about his ultimate fate. His story is frequently used in science fiction stories, based on a widespread belief (fostered by secondary sources) that his disappearance was particularly sudden, perhaps supernatural, in nature. Modern research suggests the circumstances of Bathurst's disappearance were wildly embellished, and that he was almost certainly murdered.
Adline Clarke
Adline Cecilia Clarke is an American politician. She has served as a Democratic member of the Alabama House of Representatives for the 97th district since 2013.

She is a former president and director of the Mobile, Alabama chapter of the National Coalition of 100 Black Women. She is Catholic.

Alabama House of Representatives
The Alabama House of Representatives is the lower house of the Alabama Legislature, the state legislature of state of Alabama. The House is composed of 105 members representing an equal number of districts, with each constituency containing at least 42,380 citizens. There are no term limits in the House. The House is also one of the five lower houses of state legislatures in the United States that is elected every four years. Other lower houses, including the United States House of Representatives, are elected for a two-year term.

The House meets at the Alabama State House in Montgomery. The speaker of the Alabama House of Representatives is its leader.
Mokoia
Mokoia is a small settlement in south Taranaki, in the western North Island of New Zealand. It is located on State Highway 3, 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) to the east of Hāwera and about 17 km northwest of Patea.

State Highway 3 (New Zealand)
State Highway 3 (SH 3) is one of New Zealand's eight national state highways. It serves the west coast of the country's North Island and forms a link between State Highway 1 and State Highway 2. Distances are measured from north to south.

For most of its length SH 3 is a two-lane single carriageway, with at-grade intersections and property accesses, both in rural and urban areas.
Willie Walsh (hurler, born 1948)
William Walsh (born 1948) is an Irish retired hurler who played as a centre-forward for the Cork senior team.

Walsh joined the team during the 1968-69 National League and was a regular member of the starting fifteen until his retirement after the 1975 championship. During that time he won one All-Ireland medal, three Munster medals and three National League medals.

At club level, he played with Youghal.

1969 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship
The 1969 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship was the 6th staging of the All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1964.

Cork entered the championship as the defending champions.

On 14 September 1969, Cork won the championship following a 5-13 to 4-7 defeat of Wexford in the All-Ireland final. This was their 3rd All-Ireland title in the grade and their second in succession.
Gerhard Scharf
Gerhard Scharf (born 21 September 1959) is an Austrian Paralympic athlete and para table tennis player. At the 1984 Summer Paralympics he competed in athletics and at the Summer Paralympics of 1988, 1992, 1996 and 2000 he competed in individual and team para table tennis events. In total, he won one gold medal, one silver medal and one bronze medal at the Summer Paralympics, all in table tennis.

In the Men's Teams 2 event at the 1992 Summer Paralympics he won the gold medal together with Rudolf Hajek. At the 1996 Summer Paralympics he won two medals in table tennis events: the silver medal in the Men's Teams 1–2, once again together with Rudolf Hajek, and one of the bronze medals in the Men's Singles 2 event.

Para table tennis
Para table tennis is a parasport that follows the rules set by the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF).  The usual table tennis rules are in effect with slight modifications for wheelchair athletes. Athletes from disability groups can take part. Athletes receive classifications between 1 and 11. Classes 1–5 are for those in wheelchairs and classes 6–10 for those who have disabilities that allow them to play standing. Within those groups, the higher classification means the more function the athlete has. Class 11 is defined for players with an intellectual disability.
Lucky Story
Lucky Story (foaled 1 February 2001 – 12 May 2010) was an American-bred, British-trained Thoroughbred racehorse. Although he never won a Group 1 race in a career badly disrupted by injury he was rated one of the best horses of his generation at two and three years of age. After finishing fourth on his debut he won his remaining four starts as a juvenile in 2003 including the Vintage Stakes and Champagne Stakes. He failed to win in four starts as a three-year-old but produced a career-best performance when narrowly beaten in the Queen Elizabeth II Stakes. He was retired from racing and had some success as a breeding stallion before dying in 2010 at the age of nine.

Vintage Stakes
The Vintage Stakes is a Group 2 flat horse race in Great Britain open to two-year-old horses. It is run at Goodwood over a distance of 7 furlongs (1,408 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in late July or early August.
Basketball in Spain
Basketball is the second most popular sport in Spain, directly behind association football. The top Spanish League, Liga ACB, is a member of ULEB, and the top Spanish League teams can compete in Europe, most notably in the Euroleague and Eurocup, and also under the FIBA Europe umbrella, in the FIBA Europe Cup. The Spanish teams also compete in a national domestic cup competition each year, called the Copa del Rey de Baloncesto, which is played by the top eight teams in the standings of the Liga ACB, at the end of the first half of the regular season.

FIBA Europe Cup
The FIBA Europe Cup (FEC) is an annual professional club basketball competition organised by FIBA for eligible European clubs. It is FIBA Europe's second level competition, but it is usually regarded as the 4th-tier Pan-European competition overall. Clubs mainly qualify based on their performance in national leagues and cup competitions, although this is not the sole deciding factor. The winner is decided by a two-legged final.

The league was founded in 2015 as a replacement of the FIBA EuroChallenge.
The Marvelous Misadventures of Flapjack
The Marvelous Misadventures of Flapjack is an American animated television series created by Thurop Van Orman for Cartoon Network. The series premiered on June 5, 2008, and ended on August 31, 2010. It stars Van Orman as the voice of Flapjack, a naïve young boy who was raised by a whale named Bubbie and is mentored by a crusty old pirate named Captain K'nuckles. Together the trio spend their days in Stormalong Harbor, where most of the show takes place, while getting into mishaps on the search for the elusive Candied Island.

Van Orman, who pitched the idea to Cartoon Network as early as 2001, incorporated his own dreams of marine adventures, acquired while living in Florida as a boy, into the series. During its run, Flapjack received two Primetime Emmy Award nominations, two Annie Award nominations, and one Golden Reel Award nomination.

Annie Awards
The Annie Awards are accolades which the Los Angeles branch of the International Animated Film Association, ASIFA-Hollywood, has presented each year since 1972 to recognize excellence in animation shown in American cinema and television. Originally designed to celebrate lifetime or career contributions to animation, the award has been given to individual works since 1992, becoming the biggest awards ceremony in the United States for the animation industry.

Membership in ASIFA-Hollywood is divided into three main categories: General Member (for professionals), Patron (for enthusiasts of animation), and Student Member. Members in each category pay a fee to belong to the branch. Selected professional members of the branch are permitted to vote to decide the awards.

The 48th and 49th Annie Awards ceremonies were held virtually on April 16, 2021, and March 12, 2022, respectively, due to the then ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
2013 Kisii local elections
Local elections were held in Kisii to elect a Governor and County Assembly on March 4, 2013. Under the new constitution, which was passed in a 2010 referendum, the 2013 general elections were the first in which Governors and members of the County Assemblies for the newly created counties were elected.  They will also be the first general elections run by the Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission(IEBC) which has released the official list of candidates.

Constitution of Kenya
The Constitution of Kenya is the supreme law of the Republic of Kenya. There have been three significant versions of Kenya's constitution, with the most recent being the one promulgated in 2010. The constitution was presented to the Attorney General of Kenya on 7 April 2010, officially published on 6 May 2010, and was subjected to a referendum on 4 August 2010. The new Constitution was approved by 67% of Kenyan voters. The constitution was promulgated on 27 August 2010, marking an historic chapter in Kenya's governance.

The 2010 new constitution of Kenya enshrined power to the citizens of Kenya and fundamentally reshaped the country's governance landscape in several ways included the introduction of a devolved system of governance, Checks on Executive Power, Expanded Bill of Rights and Judicial Independence.
Upinder Singh Bhalla
Upinder Singh Bhalla (born 1963) is an Indian computational neuroscientist, academic and a professor at National Centre for Biological Sciences of the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research. He is known for his studies on neuronal and synaptic signalling in memory and olfactory coding using computational and experimental methods and is an elected fellow of the Indian Academy of Sciences and the Indian National Science Academy. The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, the apex agency of the Government of India for scientific research, awarded him the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, one of the highest Indian science awards, in 2007, for his contributions to biological sciences. The Infosys Science Foundation awarded him the Infosys Prize 2017 in Life Sciences for his pioneering contributions to the understanding of the brain's computational machinery.

James M. Bower
James Mason Bower (born February 17, 1954) is an American neuroscientist and CEO and chairman of the Board of Numedeon Inc., creator of the Whyville.net educational virtual world. In 2025, he was awarded the Casella Prize for Physiology by the Almo Collegio Borromeo in Pavia, Italy.
Madarsuma
Madarsuma (in Latin: Dioecesis Madarsumitana) was a Roman town of the Roman province of Byzacena (North Africa) during the Roman Empire and into late antiquity. The city now lost to history remains only as a suppressed and titular see of the Catholic Church.

Civitas
In Ancient Rome, a civitas (Latin pronunciation: [ˈkiːwɪtaːs]; plural civitates), sometimes translated as "city", was the social body of the cives, or citizens, united by their laws, which gave them responsibilities (Latin: munera) on the one hand, and rights on the other. The agreement (concilium) has a life of its own, creating a res publica or "public entity" (synonymous with civitas), into which individuals are born or accepted, and from which they die or are ejected. The civitas is not just the collective body of all the citizens; it is the contract binding them all together, because each of them is a civis.
Conull set
In measure theory, a conull set is a set whose complement is null, i.e., the measure of the complement is zero. For example, the set of irrational numbers is a conull subset of the real line with Lebesgue measure.

A property that is true of the elements of a conull set is said to be true almost everywhere.

Subset
In mathematics, a set A is a subset of a set B if and only if all elements of A are also elements of B; B is then a superset of A. It is possible for A and B to be equal; if they are unequal, then A is a proper subset of B. The relationship of one set being a subset of another is called inclusion (or sometimes containment). A is a subset of B may also be expressed as B includes (or contains) A or A is included (or contained) in B. A k-subset is a subset with k elements.

When quantified,  is represented as

One can prove the statement  by applying a proof technique known as the element argument:

Let sets A and B be given. To prove that 
suppose that a is a particular but arbitrarily chosen element of A
show that a is an element of B.

The validity of this technique can be seen as a consequence of universal generalization: the technique shows  for an arbitrarily chosen element c. Universal generalisation then implies  which is equivalent to  as stated above.