hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
VNIIRT
VNIIRT - All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Radio Engineering (Russian: Всероссийский НИИ Радиотехники) is a Russian manufacturer of air surveillance radars. It is part of the Almaz-Antey holding.

VNIIRT is the primary Russian designer of ground-based air surveillance radars. It performs scientific research and experimental design work on radars for both the strategic air defense forces and for the ground forces. It has devoted much attention to metric-band (VHF) radars, which have inherent counter-stealth capabilities and are relatively unaffected by meteorological obscuration. VNIIRT's products also have application to civil air traffic control.

1955; P-15 1RL13 Tropa FLAT FACE A, UHF (B/C-band),

1970; ST-68 (19Zh6) TIN SHIELD, E-band, Fun fact: First Soviet radar with digital coherent signal processing,

1974; P-19 1RL134 Danube FLAT FACE B, UHF (B/C-band)

P-19 radar
The P-19 "Danube" (Russian: "Дунай") 1RL134 (also referred to by the NATO reporting name "Flat Face B" in the west) is a 2D UHF radar developed and operated by the former Soviet Union. The radar was also known by the name "Renata" in Poland and "Dunai" in the former German Democratic Republic.
Mark Carlson (quarterback)
Mark Carlson was an American football quarterback who played for the Minnesota Golden Gophers football team from 1976 to 1979, and later for the Chicago Fire of the now-defunct American Football Association. During his senior year in 1979, Carlson passed for 2188 yards and 11 touchdowns, which was good enough to earn him Team MVP honors on a squad that finished 4–6–1 under first-year head coach Joe Salem.

Minnesota Golden Gophers football
The Minnesota Golden Gophers football team represents the University of Minnesota in college football at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision level. Founded in 1882, Minnesota has been a member of the Big Ten Conference since its inception in 1896 as the Western Conference. The Golden Gophers claim seven national championships, including four (1936, 1940, 1941, and 1960) from the major wire-services: AP Poll and/or Coaches' Poll.

Since 2009, the Golden Gophers have played all their home games at Huntington Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The team is currently coached by P. J. Fleck.
John Lipton
John Mitchell Lipton (born February 26, 1936) is an American former politician. He was a member of the Arkansas House of Representatives, serving from 1969 to 1992. He is a member of the Democratic party.

Lipton received a bachelor's degree in business from Arkansas Agricultural and Mechanical College (now the University of Arkansas at Monticello) with a business degree in 1959. He married his wife, JeNelle, on September 27, 1957.

University of Arkansas at Monticello
The University of Arkansas at Monticello (UAM) is a public university in Monticello, Arkansas, United States, with Colleges of Technology in Crossett and McGehee. UAM is part of the University of Arkansas System and offers master's degrees, baccalaureate degrees, and associate degrees. The city is in the Arkansas Timberlands, and UAM is home to the state's only School of Forest Resources.

The university is governed by the University of Arkansas Board of Trustees, which also oversees the operation of universities and other post-secondary educational institutions in Batesville, DeQueen, Fayetteville, Fort Smith, Helena, Hope, Little Rock, Morrilton, and Pine Bluff, Arkansas.

UAM offers in-state tuition rates not only to Arkansas residents but also to regional residents of Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, Oklahoma, Missouri, and Tennessee.
William Upton (cricketer)
William Upton (14 June 1804 – 1867) was an English cricketer. Upton's batting style is unknown. He was born at Cotgrave, Nottinghamshire.

Upton made two first-class appearances for Nottingham Cricket Club, with both appearances coming against Sheffield Cricket Club at Darnall New Ground in 1827 and 1828. He scored at total of 17 runs in his two matches at an average of 5.66, with a high score of 9 not out.

He died at the village of his birth at some point in 1867.

Sheffield Cricket Club
The Sheffield Cricket Club was founded in the 18th century and soon began to play a key role in the development of cricket in northern England. It was the direct forerunner of Yorkshire County Cricket Club and some of the teams fielded by Sheffield were styled Yorkshire. Sheffield generally held first-class status, depending on the quality of their opponents, from 1827 to 1855.
Lehtineniana
Lehtineniana is a genus of South Pacific cribellate orb-weavers first described by Danniella Sherwood in 2022. It is named in honor of Pekka T. Lehtinen. It was formerly known as Tangaroa, and renamed after this was found to be a junior homonym of the rhabdocoel flatworm genus Tangaroa, prompting its replacement.

Rhabdocoela
Rhabdocoela is an order of flatworms in the class Rhabditophora with about 1700 species described worldwide. The order was first described in 1831 by Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg. Most of rhabdocoels are free-living organisms, but some live symbiotically with other animals.
Erengisle Sunesson, Earl of Orkney
Erengisle Sunesson of Hultboda, jarl of Orkney (died 26 December 1392) was an important Swedish magnate in the 14th century. In his later life, he was known as Jarl Erengisle in Sweden. He was knight, high councillor, and titular (Norwegian) jarl.

Jarl
Jarl (/jɑːl/) was a rank of the nobility in Scandinavia during the Viking Age and Early Middle Ages. The institution evolved over time and varied by region. In Old Norse, it meant "chieftain", specifically one appointed to rule a territory in a king's stead. It could also denote a sovereign prince. For example: During the Viking age the rulers of several of the petty kingdoms of Norway held the title of jarl, often wielding no less power than their neighboring kings. In later medieval Sweden and Norway there was typically only one jarl in the kingdom, second in authority only to the king. The title became obsolete in the Middle Ages and was replaced by the rank of duke (hertig/hertug/hertog). The word is etymologically related to the English earl.
Lennart Geibert
Lennart Geibert (born 25 July 1997) is a German politician serving as a member of the Landtag of Thuringia since 2024. He has served as chairman of the Young Union in Thuringia since 2023. He is the son of Jörg Geibert.

Young Union
The Young Union of Germany (German: Junge Union Deutschlands), or simply JU, is the joint youth organisation of the CDU/CSU coalition in Germany. Membership is limited to individuals between 14 and 35 years of age.

The Junge Union claims to be the largest political youth organization in Germany and Europe with about 100,000 members.
Action of 19 August 1916
The action of 19 August 1916 was one of two attempts in 1916 by the German High Seas Fleet to engage elements of the British Grand Fleet, following the mixed results of the Battle of Jutland, during the First World War. The lesson of Jutland for Germany had been the vital need for reconnaissance, to avoid the unexpected arrival of the Grand Fleet during a raid. Four Zeppelins were sent to scout the North Sea between Scotland and Norway for signs of British ships and four more scouted immediately ahead of German ships. Twenty-four German submarines kept watch off the English coast, in the southern North Sea and off the Dogger Bank.

Dogger Bank
Dogger Bank (Dutch: Doggersbank, German: Doggerbank, Danish: Doggerbanke) is a large sandbank in a shallow area of the North Sea about 100 kilometres (55 nautical miles) off the east coast of England.

During the last ice age, the bank was part of a large landmass connecting mainland Europe and the British Isles, now known as Doggerland. It has long been known by fishermen to be a productive fishing bank; it was named after the doggers, medieval Dutch fishing boats especially used for catching cod.

At the beginning of the 21st century, the area was identified as a potential site for major UK offshore wind farm developments.
Moses Judah Abbas
Moses Judah ben Meir Abbas (Hebrew: משה יהודה בן מאיר עבאס, romanized: Moshe Yehudah Abbas; c. 1601–1671), also known by the acronym Mashya (משי״ע), was a 17th-century Talmudist and Hebrew poet.

Abbas was born in Salonika (back then part of the Ottoman Empire) into a prominent Sephardi literary family. He later settled in Egypt, where he founded a 
yeshiva and Talmud Torah, and, in the last years of his life, served as a rabbi in Rosetta. He left a commentary entitled Kisse kavod on the minor tractates Kallah, Soferim, and Semaḥot, and several responsa, which exist in manuscript form in the Bodleian collection.

Kallah
Yarchei Kallah (Hebrew: ירחי כלה 'months of the bride') is the name of a teachers' convention that was held twice a year in Babylonian Academies, by the Jews then in captivity in Babylon, after the beginning of the amoraic period, in the two months Adar and Elul. The name refers to the Torah as bride to be studied in the months of farming inactivity after oil and wine harvest.
Pardubice
Pardubice (Czech pronunciation: [ˈpardubɪtsɛ] ⓘ; German: Pardubitz) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 92,000 inhabitants. It is the capital city of the Pardubice Region and lies on the Elbe River. The historic centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation.

Pardubice is known as a centre of industry, with dominant industries being the chemical industry, electrical engineering and mechanical engineering. The city is also well known for its sporting events, which include the Velká pardubická (a cross-country steeplechase), the Golden Helmet of Pardubice in motorcycle racing, and the Czech Open international chess and board games festival.

Motorcycle racing
The motorcycle sport of racing (also called moto racing and motorbike racing) includes motorcycle road racing and off-road racing, both either on circuits or open courses, and track racing. Other categories include hill climbs, drag racing and land speed record trials.
Xanthus (son of Triopas)
In Greek mythology, Xanthus or Xanthos (/ˈzænθəs/; Ancient Greek: Ξάνθος, from ζανθός, 'yellow, golden yellow', referring to hair) was an Argive prince who later on became king of Pelasgia (i.e. Lesbos).

Diodorus Siculus
Diodorus Siculus or Diodorus of Sicily (Ancient Greek: Διόδωρος, romanized: Diódōros; fl. 1st century BC) was an ancient Greek historian from Sicily. He is known for writing the monumental universal history Bibliotheca historica, in forty books, fifteen of which survive intact, between 60 and 30 BC. 
The history is arranged in three parts. The first covers mythic history up to the destruction of Troy, arranged geographically, describing regions around the world from Egypt, India and Arabia to Europe. The second covers the time from the Trojan War to the death of Alexander the Great. The third covers the period to about 60 BC. Bibliotheca, meaning 'library', acknowledges that he was drawing on the work of many other authors.
Saint James Southern
Saint James Southern is a parliamentary constituency represented in the House of Representatives of the Jamaican Parliament. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system of election. The constituency was first contested in the 1976 general election. The former MP was Homer Davis of the Jamaica Labour Party who has been in office since 2020. Since the 2025 Jamaican General Election, the current MP is Nekeisha Burchell of the People's National Party

Parliament of Jamaica
17°58′26″N 76°47′26″W﻿ / ﻿17.9740°N 76.7906°W﻿ / 17.9740; -76.7906

The Parliament of Jamaica (Jamaican Patois: Paaliment a Jumieka) is the legislative branch of the government of Jamaica. Officially, they are known as the Houses of Parliament. It consists of three elements: The Crown (represented by the Governor-General), the appointed Senate and the directly elected House of Representatives.

The Senate, the Upper House, is the direct successor of a pre-Independence body known as the "Legislative Council" and comprises 21 senators appointed by the Governor-General: thirteen on the advice of the Prime Minister and eight on the advice of the Leader of the Opposition.

The House of Representatives, the Lower House, is made up of 63 (previously 60) Members of Parliament, elected to five-year terms on a first-past-the-post basis in single-seat constituencies.
Seal of the Confessional
The Seal of the Confessional (also Seal of Confession or Sacramental Seal) is a Christian doctrine forbidding a priest from disclosing any information learned from a penitent during Confession. This doctrine is recognized by several Christian denominations:

Seal of the Confessional (Anglicanism)

Seal of confession in the Catholic Church

Seal of the Confessional (Lutheran Church)

Confession (religion)
Confession, in many religions, is the acknowledgment of sinful thoughts and actions. This is performed directly to a deity or to fellow people.

It is often seen as a required action of repentance and a necessary precursor to penance and atonement. It often leads to reconciliation and forgiveness.
2001 Shell Championship Series
The 2001 Shell Championship Series was a premier Australian touring car competition, which commenced on March 24, 2001 at Phillip Island Grand Prix Circuit and concluded on December 2, 2001 at Sandown International Raceway, spanning 13 rounds. It was the third competition under the V8 Supercar name and the 42nd since the Australian Touring Car Championship's inception in 1960. It was also the first to feature an international round in New Zealand.

Holden Young Lions
Holden Young Lions was a brand used by Australian motor vehicle manufacturer Holden for its young racing driver development program. First appearing in 1997, the program was operated by a number of teams over the years.

In 2014 the Holden Young Lions brand was used by Holden as part of a golf education program.
Beach railway station (England)
Beach railway station was a railway station in Scarborough, North Yorkshire, England, built in 1931.

The station was an intermediate station on Scarborough North Bay Railway, a miniature railway built to carry tourists from Peasholm Park to Scalby Mills. Although the station was built in 1931, it was not used by passengers until the late 1980s/early 1990s, when it was used as a temporary terminus during the closure of Scalby Mills, due to rebuilding work in conjunction with Scarborough Sealife Centre.

The station is now closed again, although the platforms are still extant. Service trains regularly wait on the sidings, as it is a passing loop on the single line railway.

Sea Life
Sea Life is a chain of commercial sea life-themed aquarium attractions. As of April 2017 there are 53 Sea Life attractions (including standalone Sea Life centres, mini Sea Life features within resort theme parks, and Legoland submarine rides) around the world. The chain is owned by the British company Merlin Entertainments.
Cycling at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's team pursuit
The men's cycling team pursuit at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro took place at the Rio Olympic Velodrome on 11 and 12 August. Team GB established new Olympic and World Records in both their heat and in the final; their gold medal made Sir Bradley Wiggins Britain's most decorated Olympian.

The medals were presented by James Tomkins, IOC member, Australia and Brian Cookson, President of the UCI.

Brian Cookson
Michael Brian Cookson OBE (born 22 June 1951) is the former president of the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), having been elected to the post in September 2013 at the 2013 UCI Road World Championships.

Cookson previously served as president of British Cycling from 1997 to 2013, after becoming a member of an emergency committee to rescue it from insolvency in 1996. He has been credited with turning the sport around since taking on his unpaid role as president and under his presidency, British cyclists have won 19 Olympic gold medals, 28 Paralympic Gold medals, the Tour de France five times, and multiple World Championship titles in disciplines of Road, Track and BMX.
Call-by-push-value
In programming language theory, call-by-push-value (CBPV) is an intermediate language that embeds the call-by-value (CBV) and call-by-name (CBN) evaluation strategies. CBPV is structured as a polarized λ-calculus with two main types, "values" (+) and "computations" (-). Restrictions on interactions between the two types enforce a controlled order of evaluation, similar to monads or CPS. The calculus can embed computational effects, such as nontermination, mutable state, or nondeterminism. There are natural semantics-preserving translations from CBV and CBN into CBPV. This means that giving a CBPV semantics and proving its properties implicitly establishes CBV and CBN semantics and properties as well. Paul Blain Levy formulated and developed CBPV in several papers and his doctoral thesis.

Programming language theory
Programming language theory (PLT) is a branch of computer science that deals with the design, implementation, analysis, characterization, and classification of formal languages known as programming languages. Programming language theory is closely related to other fields including linguistics, mathematics, and software engineering.
Guild of Church Musicians
The Guild of Church Musicians is a charity to help encourage high standards in church music. It offers members examinations, courses, and awards. The guild is a fellowship of those who sincerely desire to offer the best in music to the service of the church: amateur and professional musicians unified in a common ideal.

The guild was founded in 1888 as the Church Choir Guild. It was incorporated in 1905 to become known as the Incorporated Guild of Church Musicians. The founding patrons were Archbishop Frederick Temple and Sir George Elvey, organist of St George's Chapel, Windsor.

Although the organization was mainly Anglican since its founding, in 1988 in the centenary year of the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Catholic Archbishop of Westminster was invited to become a joint patron, and the guild's openness to all branches of the Christian Church was affirmed.

Frederick Temple
Christianity portal

Frederick Temple (30 November 1821 – 23 December 1902) was an English academic, teacher and churchman, who served as Bishop of Exeter (1869–1885), Bishop of London (1885–1896) and Archbishop of Canterbury (1896–1902).
Davis v. Mann
Davis v. Mann, 377 U.S. 678 (1964), was a United States Supreme Court which was one of a series of cases decided in 1964 that ruled that state legislature districts had to be roughly equal in population.

David J. Mays and Robert McIlwaine advocated on behalf of the Commonwealth of Virginia; Edmund D. Campbell and Henry E. Howell, Jr. advocated on behalf of the plaintiff Northern Virginia legislators. The Supreme Court issued the opinion in this case along with Reynolds v. Sims and cites that the opinion.

State legislature (United States)
In the United States,  the state legislature is the legislative branch in each of the 50 U.S. states.

A legislature generally performs state duties for a state in the same way that the United States Congress performs national duties at the national level. Generally, the same system of checks and balances that exists at the federal level also exists between the state legislature,  the state executive officer (governor) and the state judiciary.

In 27 states, the legislature is called the legislature or the state legislature, while in 19 states the legislature is called the general assembly. In Massachusetts and New Hampshire, the legislature is called the general court, while North Dakota and Oregon designate the legislature the legislative assembly.
Darryl Kelly
Darryl Kelly (died 2019) was a Canadian politician. He represented the riding of Humber Valley in the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly from 2007 to 2011 as a member of the Progressive Conservatives.

Kelly stood as the Progressive Conservative candidate in a by-election in Humber Valley on February 13, 2007, losing by a margin of just seven votes to Liberal candidate Dwight Ball. However, Kelly defeated Ball in the general election on October 9, 2007. In the 2011 general election Kelly was defeated in a rematch against Ball.

Progressive Conservative Party of Newfoundland and Labrador
The Progressive Conservative Party of Newfoundland and Labrador is a provincial political party in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. The party was founded in 1949 and has formed the Government of Newfoundland and Labrador since the 2025 general election, with leader Tony Wakeham as premier.
Royal Saskatchewan Museum
The Royal Saskatchewan Museum (RSM) is a Canadian natural history museum in Regina, Saskatchewan. Founded in 1906, it is the first museum in Saskatchewan and the first provincial museum among the three Prairie provinces. The institution was formed to secure and preserve natural history specimens and objects of historical and ethnological interest.

Originally known as the Saskatchewan Museum of Natural History, the museum received royal patronage from Queen Elizabeth II, and was renamed the Royal Saskatchewan Museum in 1993.

Provincial and territorial museums of Canada
Provincial and territorial museums of Canada are museums maintained by the provinces and territories of Canada to preserve their local history and culture. However, the collections of some museums extend beyond its provincial boundaries, showcasing historical and natural works from around the world. These museums are the equivalent to national museums, operated by the provincial and territorial governments of Canada. In the mostly French-speaking province of Quebec, the provincial government uses the term "national" to refer to provincial museums.

Many provinces have separate facilities for human and natural history museums, art galleries, and archives. However, in the case of Newfoundland and Labrador, all these functions are housed in one complex, The Rooms, in St. John's.
Put a Crown on It
Put a Crown on It is the fifth studio album by American rapper Rittz. It was released on November 29, 2019, through CNT Records with distribution via ONErpm, making it the rapper's first release on his own independent label since leaving Strange Music. Recording sessions took place at Foz Rock in Duluth, Georgia. It features guest appearances from Big Hud, Dizzy Wright, Futuristic, JellyRoll, Paul Wall, Too $hort, Twista and Yelawolf.

Twista
Carl Terrell Mitchell (born November 27, 1973), better known by his stage name Twista (also known as Tung Twista), is an American rapper. He is best known for his chopper style of rapping and for once holding the title of fastest English-speaking rapper in the world according to Guinness World Records in 1992, being able to pronounce 598 syllables in 55 seconds.

In 1997, after appearing on Do or Die's hit single "Po Pimp", produced by the Legendary Traxster, Twista signed with Big Beat and Atlantic Records, where he released his third album Adrenaline Rush and formed the group Speedknot Mobstaz, in 1998. His 2004 album Kamikaze topped the U.S. Billboard 200, after the success of the Billboard Hot 100 number-one single "Slow Jamz" (with Kanye West and Jamie Foxx).