hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jimzu
Jimzu (Arabic: جمزو), also known as Gimzo (meaning "sycamore plantation"), was a Palestinian village, located three miles southeast of Lydda. Under the 1947 UN Partition Plan of Mandatory Palestine, Jimzu was to form part of the proposed Arab state. During the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, the village was depopulated in a two-day assault by Israeli forces.

Under the 1949 Armistice Agreements, Jimzu's lands fell under the de facto governance of the newly created state of Israel. A year later, moshav Gimzo was established at the site of the former village and is now populated by 700 Israeli Jewish residents.

1949 Armistice Agreements
The 1949 Armistice Agreements were signed between Israel and Egypt, Lebanon, Jordan, and Syria. They formally ended the hostilities of the 1948 Palestine War and also demarcated the Green Line, which separated Arab-controlled territory (i.e., the Jordanian-annexed West Bank and the Egyptian-occupied Gaza Strip) from Israel until the latter's victory in the 1967 Six-Day War.

To monitor the agreed-upon de facto border, the United Nations (UN) established supervising and reporting agencies; discussions related to the ceasefire's enforcement led to the signing of the separate Tripartite Declaration of 1950, in which the United States, the United Kingdom, and France pledged to take action within and outside of the UN in order to prevent violations of the frontiers. It also outlined their commitment to peace and stability in the area, their opposition to the use or threat of force, and reiterated their opposition to the development of an arms race between Arab countries and Israel.
Catalogue of Works in Refutation of Methodism
Catalogue of Works in Refutation of Methodism: from its Origin in 1729, to the Present Time (often referred to as Catalogue of Works in Refutation of Methodism)  is the title of an antiquarian bibliography or catalogue first published in America in 1846 by the 19th century author Curtis H. Cavender, who compiled the work under the anagrammatic pen name of H.C. Decanver.

A reference work of religious criticism, the Catalogue is Decanver's debut publication, and his only written work. It is notable as one of the most prominent writings critical of Methodist doctrine ever written, and remains the only compilation of books written from a primarily anti-Methodist perspective.

Criticism of religion
Criticism of religion is the criticism of the validity, concept, or ideas of religion. Historical records of criticism of religion go back to at least the 5th century BCE in ancient Greece, in Athens specifically, with Diagoras "the Atheist" of Melos. In ancient Rome, an early known example is Lucretius' De rerum natura from the 1st century BCE.

Every exclusive religion on Earth (as well as every exclusive world view) that promotes exclusive truth-claims necessarily denigrates the truth-claims of other religions. Thus, some criticisms of religion become criticisms of one or more aspects of a specific religious tradition. Critics of religion in general may view religion as any number of the following: outdated, harmful to the individual, harmful to society, an impediment to the progress of science or humanity, a source of immoral acts or customs, and a political tool for social control.
Sotiras, Florina
Sotiras (Greek: Σωτήρας, before 1926: Σώτερ – Soter) is a village in Florina Regional Unit, Macedonia, Greece. It is part of the community of Amyntaio.

The 1920 Greek census recorded 327 people in the village, and 327 inhabitants (37 families) were Muslim in 1923. Following the Greek–Turkish population exchange, Greek refugee families in Soter were from East Thrace (18), Asia Minor (4) and the Caucasus (26) in 1926. The 1928 Greek census recorded 137 village inhabitants. In 1928, the refugee families numbered 48 (151 people).

East Thrace
East Thrace or Eastern Thrace, also known as Turkish Thrace or European Turkey, is the part of Turkey that is geographically in Southeast Europe. Turkish Thrace accounts for 3.03% of Turkey's land area and 15% of its population. The largest city is Istanbul, which straddles the Bosporus between Europe and Asia. East Thrace is of historic importance as it is next to a major sea trade corridor and constitutes what remains of the once-vast Ottoman region of Rumelia. It is currently also of specific geostrategic importance because the sea corridor, which includes two narrow straits, provides access to the Mediterranean Sea from the Black Sea for the navies of five countries: Russia, Ukraine, Romania, Bulgaria, and Georgia. The region also serves as a future connector of existing Turkish, Bulgarian, and Greek high-speed rail networks.
Due to the guest worker agreement with Turkey and Germany, some Turks in Germany originally come from Eastern Thrace, mostly from the Kırklareli Province.
2010–11 James Madison Dukes men's basketball team
The 2010–11 James Madison Dukes men's basketball team represented James Madison University in the 2010–11 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Dukes, led by head coach Matt Brady, played their home games at the JMU Convocation Center in Harrisonburg, Virginia, as members of the Colonial Athletic Association. The Dukes finished sixth in the CAA during the regular season, and were upset in the first round of the CAA tournament by William & Mary.

James Madison failed to qualify for the NCAA tournament, but were invited to the 2011 College Basketball Invitational. The Dukes were eliminated in the first round of the CBI in a loss to Davidson, 85–65.

2010–11 Davidson Wildcats men's basketball team
The 2010–11 Davidson Wildcats men's basketball team represented Davidson College in the 2010–11 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Wildcats, led by head coach Bob McKillop, played their home games at John M. Belk Arena in Davidson, North Carolina, as members of the Southern Conference. The Wildcats finished fourth in the SoCon's South Division during the regular season, and were eliminated in the first round of the SoCon tournament by UNC Greensboro.

Davidson failed to qualify for the NCAA tournament, but were invited to the 2011 College Basketball Invitational. The Wildcats won their first game in the tournament, but were eliminated in the quarterfinals of the CBI in a loss to Creighton, 102–92.
Kiss the Dust
Kiss the Dust is a 1991 novel by Elizabeth Laird on the conflicts between the Iraqi Kurds and Saddam Hussein's regime. It is a young adult historical fiction novel about a twelve-year-old Kurdish girl and her family's escape from Iraq over the border into Iran. The book was originally published in Great Britain by William Heinemann Ltd. in 1991. It was first published in the US by Dutton Children's Books, a division of Penguin Books USA Inc. in 1992.

Kurds in Iraq
Kurds are the second largest ethnic group of Iraq. They traditionally speak the Kurdish languages of Sorani, Kurmanji, Feyli and also Gorani.

Historically, Kurds in Iraq have experienced varying degrees of autonomy and marginalization. While the Treaty of Sèvres (1920) proposed Kurdish independence, this was never implemented, and Iraqi Kurds were incorporated into the modern state of Iraq. Following the withdrawal of the Iraqi Army from the Kurdistan Region in 1991, the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) was established, and ultimately recognized by the Iraqi government in 2005, granting the region a degree of self-governance. Iraqi Kurdistan remains a significant political and cultural entity within Iraq.
Gregory A. Phillips
Gregory Alan Phillips (born August 17, 1960) is an American lawyer who serves as a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit and former Wyoming Attorney General.

United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit
The United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit (in case citations, 10th Cir.) is a federal court with appellate jurisdiction over the district courts in the following districts:

District of Colorado

District of Kansas

District of New Mexico

Eastern District of Oklahoma

Northern District of Oklahoma

Western District of Oklahoma

District of Utah

District of Wyoming

Although the 37th United States Congress passed the Tenth Circuit Act of 1863, the circuit ceased to exist after six years due to the Judiciary Act of 1869. These districts were part of the Eighth Circuit until 1929.
The court is composed of nineteen active judges and is based at the Byron White U.S. Courthouse in Denver, Colorado. It is one of thirteen United States courts of appeals and has jurisdiction over 560,625 square miles, or roughly one seventh of the country's land mass.
Tchin-Chao, the Chinese Conjurer
Le Thaumaturge chinois, sold in the United States as Tchin-Chao, the Chinese Conjurer and in Britain as The Chinese Juggler, is a 1904 French silent trick film by Georges Méliès. It was sold by Méliès's Star Film Company and is numbered 578–580 in its catalogues.

Méliès plays the conjurer of the title; his tricks are worked using substitution splices and dissolves. The motion in the film is noticeably fast, even at silent-film speeds such as 16 frames per second; Méliès may have had his camera operator deliberately undercrank the camera to create a stylized effect.

Frame rate
Frame rate, commonly expressed in frame/s, frames per second, or FPS, is typically the frequency (rate) at which consecutive images (frames) are captured or displayed. This definition applies to film and video cameras, computer animation, and motion capture systems. In these contexts, frame rate may be used interchangeably with frame frequency and refresh rate, which are expressed in hertz (Hz). Additionally, in the context of computer graphics performance, FPS is the rate at which a system, particularly a GPU, is able to generate frames, and refresh rate is the frequency at which a display shows completed frames. In electronic camera specifications frame rate refers to the maximum possible rate frames could be captured, but in practice, other settings (such as exposure time) may reduce the actual frequency to a lower number than the frame rate.
Superman: The Dark Side
Superman: The Dark Side is a three-issue comic book limited series published in 1998 by DC Comics as an Elseworlds title, an imprint for stories which deviate from the established continuity. The story reinterprets the origin of Superman, imagining what would have happened had he landed on Apokolips instead of Earth.

Elseworlds
Elseworlds is the publication imprint for American comic books produced by DC Comics for stories that take place outside the DC Universe canon. Elseworlds publications are set in alternate realities that deviate from the established continuity of DC's regular comics. The "Elseworlds" name was trademarked in 1989, the same year as the first Elseworlds publication.
Handan Agha Mosque
Handan Agha Mosque is a mosque near the Golden Horn in the Hasköy neighborhood of Beyoğlu, Istanbul, Turkey. It is also known as the Kuşkonmaz or "Birds Don't Perch" Mosque. One of Sultan Mehmed II's aghas, Handan Agha, had it built in the 15th century. The interior is decorated with İznik tiles from the 16th and 17th centuries, with some maiolica tiles from the 19th century. The basement of the mosque was formerly a boathouse, until the coastline was filled for land reclamation. The mosque was repaired in the 18th and 19th centuries, and the 1960s.

Agha (title)
Agha (Turkish: ağa; Ottoman Turkish: آغا; Persian: آقا, romanized: āghā; "chief, master, lord") is an honorific title for a civilian or officer, or often part of such title. In the Ottoman times, some court functionaries and leaders of organizations like bazaar or the janissary units were entitled to the agha title. In rural communities, this term is used for people who own considerable lands and are influential in their community. Regardless of a rural community, this title is also used for any man who is influential or respected.
Hocine Haciane
Hocine Haciane Constantin (born 7 July 1986 in Andorra la Vella) is an Olympic and national record holding swimmer from Andorra.  At the 2004 Olympics, he was Andorra's flagbearer.

He has swum for Andorra at the:

Olympics: 2004, 2008, 2012

World Championships:2003, 2005, 2009, 2011

Mediterranean Games: 2009

GSSE: 2001, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2011

Short Course Worlds: 2010

Andorra la Vella
Andorra la Vella is the capital and largest city of Andorra. It is located high in the east Pyrenees, between France and Spain. It is also the name of the Andorran parish that surrounds the capital.

As of 2023, the city had a population of 24,042, and the urban area, which includes Escaldes–Engordany plus satellite villages, has over 40,000 inhabitants.

The principal industry is tourism, and the country also earns foreign income from being a tax haven. It is at an elevation of 1,023 m (3,356 ft), and is the highest capital city in Europe. The city shares a border with Spain.
Fort Wayne Air National Guard Base
Fort Wayne Air National Guard Base is a United States Air Force base, located at Fort Wayne International Airport, Indiana. It is located 7.6 miles (12.2 km) south-southwest of Fort Wayne, Indiana.

Initially established in 1941 as a training airfield for the Army Air Forces, during World War II, Baer Field became a major training and aircraft processing base for C-47 Skytrain and C-46 Commando transport aircraft, equipping many Troop Carrier squadrons with aircraft and training their aircrews in their operation. Largely turned over to civil control after the war, the Air Force has maintained control over a small section of the civil airport for reserve training and Air National Guard use. Since 1952 it has been the home station of the Indiana Air National Guard 122d Fighter Wing.

Third Air Force
The Third Air Force (Air Forces Europe) (3 AF) is a numbered air force of the United States Air Forces in Europe - Air Forces Africa (USAFE-AFAFRICA). Its headquarters is Ramstein Air Base, Germany. It is responsible for all U.S. air forces in Europe and Africa, and operations and support activities in the U.S. European Command and U.S. Africa Command's areas of responsibility.
It also has a unique mission as the U.S. military's primary liaison to the British government, which is conducted through the command's 3 AF-UK headquarters at RAF Mildenhall, England.

One of the four original pre–World War II numbered air forces, it was established on 26 March 1941, at Tampa, Florida with a mission of air defense of the Southeastern United States and Gulf Coast regions. During the war, its primary mission became the organization and training of combat units prior to their deployment to the overseas combat air forces. Several airfields are associated with the Third Air Force.
Sveti Duh, Bohinj
Sveti Duh (pronounced [ˈsʋeːti ˈduːx], German: Heiligengeist) is a former village in the Municipality of Bohinj. It is now part of the village of Ribčev Laz. It is part of the traditional region of Upper Carniola and is now included in the Upper Carniola Statistical Region.

Municipality of Bohinj
The Municipality of Bohinj (Slovene: Občina Bohinj) is a municipality in the Upper Carniola region of northwest Slovenia. Its seat is the settlement of Bohinjska Bistrica. The municipality had 5,256 people in 2023. As of July 2023, the mean age of people was 46.0 years. In the school year 2023/24 elementary schools in Bohinj were attended by about 440 pupils, while various upper secondary schools were attended by about 200 pupils. For every 179 people aged 65 or older, 100 people were aged 0-14. However, the number of live births was lower than the number of deaths, which means that natural increase per 1,000 population in the municipality was negative (-1.5 in Bohinj).
2011 PlayStation Network outage
The 2011 PlayStation Network outage (sometimes referred to as the 2011 PSN Hack) was the result of an "external intrusion" on Sony's PlayStation Network and Qriocity services, in which personal details from approximately 77 million accounts were compromised and prevented users of PlayStation 3 and PlayStation Portable consoles from accessing the service. The attack occurred between April 17 and April 19, 2011, forcing Sony to deactivate the PlayStation Network servers on April 20. The outage lasted 24 days.

Government officials in various countries voiced concern over the theft and Sony's one-week delay before warning its users. The breach resulted in the exposure and vulnerability of personally identifiable information, including usernames, physical addresses, email addresses, dates of birth, passwords, and financial details such as credit card and debit card information.

Sony Entertainment Network
Sony Entertainment Network (SEN) was a digital media delivery service operated by Sony Network Entertainment International (SNEI). SEN provided access to services, including PlayStation Network for games, Video Unlimited for film and television, Music Unlimited for music, and PlayMemories for photographs and videos. On 28 January 2015, the Sony Entertainment Network was superseded by the PlayStation Network.
2025 King's Prize
The 2025 King's Prize is a major fullbore target rifle competition which took place at the National Shooting Centre in Bisley, Surrey from 23 July to 26 July. It was the 156th edition of the Sovereign's Prize and was the final event of the 2025 Imperial Meeting.

National Shooting Centre
The National Shooting Centre, commonly referred to as Bisley, is the UK's largest shooting sports complex, comprising several shooting ranges as well as the large Bisley Camp complex of accommodation, clubhouses and support services. The centre is located between the villages of Bisley (from which it takes it colloquial name) and Brookwood in Surrey. The site is wholly owned by the National Rifle Association (NRA).
Mammea africana
Mammea africana is a medium to large sized tree within the family Calophyllaceae. It is also known as the African mammee apple, and its timber is traded under the trade name "Oboto". Mammea africana is found in evergreen and semi deciduous forests in West and Central Tropical Africa.

Calophyllaceae
Calophyllaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Malpighiales and is recognized by the APG III system of classification. Most of the 14 genera and 475 species included in this family were previously recognized in the tribe Calophylleae of the family Clusiaceae. The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group determined that splitting this clade of genera off into their own family was necessary.
Pirrone
Pirrone is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Pirrone (philosopher), a Greek philosopher of Classical antiquity

Elena Pirrone (born 1999), Italian racing cyclist

Giuseppe Pirrone (born 1986), Italian professional footballer

Giuseppe Fortunato Pirrone (1898–1978), Italian sculptor

Elena Pirrone
Elena Pirrone (born 21 February 1999) is an Italian racing cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Women's WorldTeam Roland Le Dévoluy. At the 2017 UCI Road World Championships, Pirrone won both the women's junior road race and the women's junior time trial events.
Marina Mokhnatkina
Marina Yuryevna Mokhnatkina (Russian: Марина Юрьевна Мохнаткина; née Kormiltseva, born 12 May 1988) is a Russian sambo competitor and mixed martial artist. Mokhnatkina is a six-time world champion and two-time European champion in sambo. She is also an eight-time Russian champion in sambo. She previously competed in Bellator MMA and Professional Fighters League. (PFL).

She was previously married to sambist and mixed martial artist Mikhail Mokhnatkin. She is now married to UFC heavyweight Serghei Spivac.

Sambo (martial art)
Sambo is a combat sport, and is essentially a mixed martial art, as it utilizes techniques from other classical martial arts such as boxing, judo, jujutsu,  Greco-Roman wrestling, and freestyle wrestling. Sambo is a recognized style of amateur wrestling governed by the UWW in the World Wrestling Championships along with Greco-Roman wrestling and freestyle wrestling.  Practiced worldwide, sambo is a martial art with Soviet and Russian origins.
Siarhei Rutenka
Siarhei Rutenka, also Sergej Rutenka (Belarusian: Сяргей Рутэнка; born 29 September 1981) is a Belarusian former professional handball player. Besides Belarusian citizenship, he also acquired Slovenian citizenship in 2003. In January 2008, he received the Spanish nationality. His preferred position was outside left, but he was also capable of playing as the pivot and playmaker. He came to prominence while playing for the Slovenian club RK Celje and earlier for RK Gorenje. He has also played for FC Barcelona in Spain. The club acquired him for €1 million in 2009.

Rutenka was the top goalscorer at the 2006 European Men's Handball Championship, representing Slovenia. In 2013, he was elected best left-back of the year.

He was included in the European Handball Federation Hall of Fame in 2023.

He is the older brother of handball player Dzianis Rutenka.

2006 European Men's Handball Championship
The 2006 EHF European Men's Handball Championship was the seventh edition of the tournament and held in Switzerland from 26 January to 5 February 2006, in the cities of Basel, Bern, Lucerne, St. Gallen and Zürich. France won the tournament, going through unbeaten after an early defeat to Spain. France's defence conceded the fewest goals per game in the entire tournament, with 192 conceded goals in eight matches. The hosts Switzerland were knocked out at the first group stage, while Denmark finished third and Croatia fourth to qualify directly for the 2007 World Championship, along with France.
2024 Little Rock Challenger – Doubles
Nam Ji-sung and Artem Sitak were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Liam Draxl and Benjamin Sigouin won the title after defeating Rithvik Choudary Bollipalli and Hans Hach Verdugo 6–4, 3–6, [10–7] in the final.

Nam Ji-sung
Nam Ji-sung (born 15 August 1993) is a South Korean tennis player.
He has a career high ATP singles ranking of world No. 236 achieved on 12 August 2019. He also has a career high ATP doubles ranking of No. 102 achieved on 3 February 2020. In 2024, he became the first Korean in 13 years to win the Busan Open in doubles.

Playing for South Korea in Davis Cup, Nam has a W/L record of 3–7.
The Adventures of Monica and Friends
The Adventures of Monica and Friends (Portuguese: As Aventuras da Turma da Mônica) is a 1982 Brazilian animated anthology film directed by Mauricio de Sousa, based on his Monica's Gang comic books. This was the first feature film based on Monica's Gang and which began production of the cartoon series based on the comics.

The film mixes animation with some scenes made in live-action interpreted by Mauricio de Sousa in his studio. The film shows four individual stories that end up linking through the characters interacting with Mauricio through phone calls.

Distributed by Embrafilme, the film was released theatrically in São Paulo on 23 December 1982 and in Rio de Janeiro on 10 January 1983.

Anthology film
An anthology film (also known as an omnibus film, package film or portmanteau film) is a single film consisting of three or more shorter films, each complete in itself and distinguished from the other, though frequently tied together by a single theme, premise, or author. Sometimes each one is directed by a different director or written by a different author, or may even have been made at different times or in different countries. Anthology films are distinguished from "revue films" such as Paramount on Parade (1930)—which were common in Hollywood in the early decades of sound film, composite films, and compilation films.

Anthology films are often mistaken for hyperlink cinema. Hyperlink cinema shows parts of many stories throughout a film, whereas anthology films show story segments of one at a time. Some mistaken examples include Pulp Fiction (1994) and Amores Perros (2000), distributing their storylines non-chronologically, separated by segments.