hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Connecticut Route 108
Route 108 in the U.S. state of Connecticut, locally called Nichols Avenue and Huntington Turnpike, is a two-lane state highway that runs northerly from US  Route 1, Boston Post Road in Stratford, through Trumbull, to Route 110 in Downtown Shelton. Originally called the Farm Highway, it was laid out to the south side of Mischa Hill in Trumbull on December 7, 1696, and is considered to be the third oldest documented highway in Connecticut after the Mohegan Road (Route 32) in Norwich (1670) and the Boston Post Road or US 1 (1673).

The section of Nichols Avenue from the Stratford-Trumbull town line to Huntington Turnpike in Trumbull is known as the Trooper Ernest Morse Memorial Highway, named in honor of a state trooper who was killed by gunfire on February 13, 1953, while trying to apprehend a suspect in a car theft.

Connecticut State Police
The Connecticut State Police (CSP) is the state police and highway patrol of the U.S. state of Connecticut, responsible for statewide traffic regulation and law enforcement, especially in areas not served by (or served by smaller) municipal police. It is a division of the Connecticut Department of Emergency Services and Public Protection. The CSP currently has about 875 troopers as of June 28, 2022, and is headquartered in Middletown, Connecticut. The Connecticut State Police is also responsible for protecting the Governor of Connecticut, Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut, and their families.
Stop the City
Stop the City demonstrations of 1983 and 1984 were billed as a 'Carnival Against War, Oppression and Destruction', in other words protests against the military-financial complex. These demonstrations can be seen as the forerunner of the anti-globalisation protests of the 1990s, especially those in London, England, on May Day and the Carnival against Capitalism on 18 June 1999. They were partially inspired by the actions of the Greenham Common Women's Peace Camp.

Activities that formed part of the biggest of these events were separate day-long street blockades of the financial district (the City of London) which supporters of the protest argued are a major centre for profiteering, and consequently a root cause of many of the world's problems. The largest blockade involved 3,000 people, which succeeded in causing a £100 million shortfall on the day according to The Times. Around 1,000 arrests were subsequently made by the police over 18 months.

Military–industrial complex
The expression military–industrial complex (MIC) describes the relationship between a country's military and the defense industry that supplies it, seen together as a vested interest which influences public policy. A driving factor behind the relationship between the military and the defense corporations is that both sides benefit—one side from obtaining weapons, and the other from being paid to supply them.

The term is most often used in reference to the system behind the armed forces of the United States, where the relationship is most prevalent due to close links among defense contractors, the Department of Defense, and politicians. The expression gained popularity after a warning of the relationship's harmful effects, in the farewell address of U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1961. The term has also been used in relation to Russia, especially since its 2022 invasion of Ukraine.
Vladislavovka railway station
Vladislavovka (Russian: Владиславовка, Ukrainian: Владиславівка, Vladyslavivka) is a junction railway station in Vladislavovka village in Kirovske Raion of Crimea, a territory recognized by a majority of countries as part of Ukraine, but de facto under control and administration of Russia.

Feodosia
Feodosia (Ukrainian: Феодосія, Теодосія, Feodosiia, Teodosiia; Russian: Феодосия, tr. Feodosiya), also called in English Theodosia (from Greek: Θεοδοσία), is a city on the Crimean coast of the Black Sea. Feodosia serves as the administrative center of Feodosia Municipality, one of the regions into which Crimea is divided. During much of its history, the city was a significant settlement known as Caffa (Ligurian: Cafà) or Kaffa (Old Crimean Tatar/Ottoman Turkish: کفه‎; Crimean Tatar/Turkish: Kefe). According to the 2014 census, its population was 69,145.
Post-punk revival
Post-punk revival (also known as indie rock revival or garage rock revival) is a subgenre of indie rock, as well as a musical scene and movement that emerged in the early 2000s. Originating as a stripped-down and back-to-basics version of guitar rock inspired by the original sounds and aesthetics of post-punk, new wave and garage rock, the movement became closely associated with the new wave revival and garage rock revival.

The genre has an emphasis on "rock authenticity" that was seen as a reaction to the commercialism of MTV-oriented nu metal, hip hop and "bland" post-Britpop groups. The commercial breakthrough of the genre came with the release of the Strokes' Is This It and the White Stripes' White Blood Cells, both in 2001. The genre reached a zenith in the middle of the decade with the success of Bloc Party, Arctic Monkeys, the Killers, and Yeah Yeah Yeahs. Over time, later indie and post-punk bands were criticized with the term "landfill indie".

Black Rebel Motorcycle Club
Black Rebel Motorcycle Club (sometimes abbreviated to BRMC) is an American rock band from San Francisco, California. The group originally consisted of Peter Hayes (vocals, guitar, harmonica), Robert Levon Been (vocals, bass, guitar), and Nick Jago (drums). Jago departed the band in 2008 and was replaced by Leah Shapiro.

They have released eight studio albums: B.R.M.C. (2001), Take Them On, On Your Own (2003), Howl (2005), Baby 81 (2007), The Effects of 333 (2008), Beat the Devil's Tattoo (2010), Specter at the Feast (2013) and Wrong Creatures (2018), as well as several EPs, and live albums.
French submarine Le Verrier
Le Verrier was one of 16 Brumaire-class submarines built for the French Navy during the 1910s. Completed in 1913, the boat was assigned to the 2nd Submarine Squadron in Bizerte, French Tunisia, when the First World War began in August 1914.

Bizerte
Bizerte (Arabic: بنزرت, romanized: Binzart, Tunisian Arabic pronunciation: [bɪnzɑrt] ⓘ) is the capital and largest city of Bizerte Governorate in northern Tunisia. It is the northernmost city in Africa, located 65 km (40 mi) north of the capital Tunis. It is also known as the last town to remain under French control after the rest of the country won its independence from France. The city had 162,053 inhabitants in 2014.
Amt Gramzow
Amt Gramzow is an Amt ("collective municipality") in the district of Uckermark, in Brandenburg, Germany. Its seat is in Gramzow.

The Amt Gramzow consists of the following municipalities:

Gramzow

Grünow

Oberuckersee

Randowtal

Uckerfelde

Zichow

Amt
Amt is a type of administrative division governing a group of municipalities, today only in Germany, but formerly also common in other countries of Northern Europe. Its size and functions differ by country and the term is roughly equivalent to a British or U.S. county.
1,1'-Ferrocenedicarboxylic acid
1,1'-Ferrocenedicarboxylic acid is the organoiron compound with the formula Fe(C5H4CO2H)2.  It is the simplest dicarboxylic acid derivative of ferrocene.  It is a yellow solid that is soluble in aqueous base. The 1,1' part of its name refers to the location of the carboxylic acid groups on separate rings.

It can be prepared by hydrolysis of its diesters Fe(C5H4CO2R)2 (R = Me, Et), which in turn are obtained by treatment of ferrous chloride with the sodium salt of the carboxyester of cyclopentadienide (C5H4CO2R)−.  Ferrocenedicarboxylic acid is the precursor to many derivatives such as the diacid chloride, the diisocyanate, the diamide, and diamine, respectively,  Fe(C5H4COCl)2,  Fe(C5H4NCO)2,  Fe(C5H4CONH2)2, and Fe(C5H4NH2)2.

Derivatives of ferrocenedicarboxylic acid are components of some redox switches and redox active coatings.

Iron(II) chloride
Iron(II) chloride, also known as ferrous chloride, is the chemical compound of formula FeCl2.  It is a paramagnetic solid with a high melting point.  The compound is white, but typical samples are often off-white.  FeCl2 crystallizes from water as the greenish tetrahydrate, which is the form that is most commonly encountered in commerce and the laboratory. There is also a dihydrate. The compound is highly soluble in water, giving pale green solutions.
Freckleton's Stores, Camooweal
Freckleton's Stores is a heritage-listed group of shops at Barkly Street, Camooweal, City of Mount Isa, Queensland, Australia. It was built from c. 1895 to 1950s. It is also known as Synnot and Co., Synnot, Murray and Scholes and Synnot, Murray and Scholes. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

City of Mount Isa
The City of Mount Isa is a local government area in north west Queensland. The City covers the urban locality of Mount Isa, the administrative centre, and surrounding area, sharing a boundary with the Northern Territory to the west.

Mount Isa is a reasonably affluent district. The largest industry in the city is the Mount Isa Mines, a source of lead, copper, silver and zinc. Cattle grazing and tourism are other industries of note.

In the 2021 census, the City of Mount Isa had a population of 18,727 people.
Jean-François-Auguste Moulin
Jean-François-Auguste Moulin1  (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ fʁɑ̃swa oɡyst mulɛ̃]; 14 March 1752 – 12 March 1810) was a general of the French Revolution and member of the French Directory. He had a long career as a military officer serving France in the Royal Army of King Louis XVI, the Garde Nationale of the French Revolution, and the Grande Armée of Napoleon Bonaparte.

National Guard (France)
The National Guard (French: Garde nationale) is a French military, gendarmerie, and police reserve force, active in its current form since 2016 but originally founded in 1789 during the French Revolution. In 2016, France announced the reestablishment of the National Guard for the second time, in response to a series of terrorist attacks in the country.

It was founded as separate from the French Army and existed both for policing and as a military reserve. In its original stages from 1792 to 1795, the National Guard was perceived as revolutionary and the lower ranks were identified with sans-culottes. It experienced a period of official dissolution from 1827 to 1830 but was reestablished. Soon after the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–71, the National Guard in Paris again became viewed as dangerously revolutionary, which contributed to its dissolution in 1871.
KCVR (AM)
KCVR (1570 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station licensed to Lodi, California. It airs Punjabi language programming and is owned by Punjabi American Media, LLC.  Punjabi is a language spoken in parts of India and Pakistan. KCVR's programming is simulcast on KIID 1470 AM in Sacramento, KWRU 1300 AM in Fresno, KLHC 1350 AM in Bakersfield and KOBO 1450 AM in Yuba City.

KCVR is powered at 1,000 watts by day using a non-directional antenna, reducing power to 500 watts at night using a directional antenna to avoid interfering with other stations on AM 1570. The transmitter is on Alpine Road in Lodi. The station covers the Stockton metropolitan area and the daytime signal covers parts of the Sacramento metropolitan area.

KIID
KIID (1470 AM) is a radio station licensed to Sacramento, California, United States. The station is owned by Punjabi American Media LLC.

It is simulcast with 1450 AM KOBO (Yuba City), KWRU 1300 AM (Fresno) and KLHC 1350 AM (Bakersfield).
Mathematics in Nazi Germany
Mathematics in Nazi Germany was heavily affected by Nazi policies. Though Jews had previously faced discrimination in academic institutions, the Civil Service Law of 1933 led to the dismissal of many Jewish mathematics professors and lecturers at German universities. During this time, many Jewish mathematicians left Germany and took positions at American universities.

Before the Nazi rise to power, some Jewish mathematicians like Hermann Minkowski and Edmund Landau had achieved success and even were appointed to full professorships with the support of David Hilbert.

Sanford L. Segal
Sanford Leonard Segal ((1937-10-11)October 11, 1937 – (2010-05-07)May 7, 2010) was a mathematician and historian of science and mathematics at the University of Rochester. Mathematically he specialized in analytic number theory, and complex analysis. He wrote the textbook Nine Introductions in Complex Analysis (1981), and the tome Mathematicians Under the Nazis (2003), a historical recount from that period. He also taught courses in women's studies, and nuclear arms. He was on the Committee of Actuarial Studies at the University of Rochester.
Neighbourhood forum
Neighbourhood forums are a construct of local governments in England and are defined in the Town and Country Planning Act 1990 as a body that organises the production of a neighbourhood plan.

Where town or parish councils exist those bodies may apply to the local planning authority (usually a district or borough council) for the devolution of neighbourhood planning powers. Where an area is unparished (usually because it is within a city or urban area) then local people may seek to create a neighbourhood forum and then apply to the local planning authority for its formal designation.

A designated neighbourhood forum is an organisation empowered by local planning authority to lead the neighbourhood planning process in the absence of a town or parish council.

Town and Country Planning Act 1990
The Town and Country Planning Act 1990 (c. 8) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom regulating the development of land in England and Wales. It is a central part of English land law in that it concerns town and country planning in the United Kingdom. Repealed in parts by the Planning and Compensation Act 1991, it is now also complemented by the Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004.
John Calcott St Quentin
John Calcott St Quentin (fl. 1863–1869) was a notable New Zealand painter, designer and workers' advocate. A supporter of William Sefton Moorhouse, he unsuccessfully stood for various elections in Christchurch, seeking membership on the Canterbury Provincial Council and Christchurch City Council. Despite failing to get elected for office, his 1868 design, involving native birds and plants, for the Christchurch borough seal was approved.

Labor rights
Labor rights or workers' rights are both legal rights and human rights relating to labor relations between workers and employers. These rights are codified in national and international labor and employment law. In general, these rights influence working conditions in the relations of employment. One of the most prominent is the right to freedom of association, otherwise known as the right to organize. Workers organized in trade unions exercise the right to collective bargaining to improve working conditions.
Ardices glatignyi
Ardices glatignyi, the black and white tiger moth, is a moth in the family Erebidae that is found in Australia. The species was first described by Le Guillou in 1841. Formerly included in Spilosoma, but later generic status of Ardices was proved by Vladimir Viktorovitch Dubatolov (2005). The larvae are polyphagous, and are known to feed on Lantana camara, Acanthus mollis, and Tradescantia albiflora.

Acanthus mollis
Acanthus mollis, commonly known as bear's breeches, sea dock, bear's foot plant, sea holly, gator plant or oyster plant, is a species of plant in the family Acanthaceae and is native to the Mediterranean region. It is a leafy, clump-forming perennial herb, with a rosette of relatively large, lobed or toothed leaves, and purplish and white flowers on an erect spike.
Marine Life (film)
Marine Life is a Canadian drama film, directed by Anne Wheeler and released in 2000. Based on the short story collection of the same name by Linda Svendsen, the film stars Cybill Shepherd as June, a jazz singer coping with feelings of failure in her career and her complicated relationships with her teenage daughter Adele (Alexandra Purvis) and her boyfriend Robert (Peter Outerbridge).

Shepherd agreed to take the role in part because she had been a fan of Wheeler's previous film Better Than Chocolate. The film's cast also includes Gabrielle Miller, Michael Hogan and Tyler Labine.

The film premiered at the 2000 Toronto International Film Festival.

The film received two Genie Award nominations at the 22nd Genie Awards in 2002, for Best Actor (Outerbridge) and Best Sound Editing (Gael MacLean, Jim Harrington, Patrick Haskill, Michael Keeping and Gina Mueller).

Gabrielle Miller
Gabrielle Sunshine Miller (born November 9, 1973) is a Canadian actress who, since the start of her career in 1993, has appeared in many television films and series episodes, including leading roles in two of Canada's most popular concurrently-running series, the sitcom Corner Gas (2004–09) and the comedy-drama Robson Arms (2005–08). She was also a regular or semi-regular on the TV series Pasadena (2002), Alienated (2003–04), Call Me Fitz (2012–13), Mother Up! (2013) and Good Witch (2015–16). Most recently, she guest starred on a season 25 episode of Law & Order: Special Victims Unit.
Debra Kaufman
Debra Renee Kaufman (born April 2, 1941) is an American sociologist whose work focuses on feminist methodologies in the fields of the sociology of Jewry and Jewish history. Kaufman was the founder and former director of the Women’s Studies (later Women’s, Gender, and Sexuality Studies) and Jewish Studies programs at Northeastern University.

Jewish studies
Jewish studies (Hebrew: מדעי היהדות, romanized: madʿê ha-yahadut, lit. 'sciences of Judaism'), or Judaic studies, is an academic discipline centered on the study of Jews and Judaism. Jewish studies is interdisciplinary and combines aspects of history (especially Jewish history), Middle Eastern studies, Asian studies, Oriental studies, religious studies, archeology, sociology, languages (Jewish languages), political science, area studies, women's studies, and ethnic studies. Jewish studies as a distinct field is mainly present at colleges and universities in North America.

Related fields include Holocaust research and Israel studies, and in Israel, Jewish thought. Bar-Ilan University has the world's largest school of Jewish studies, while Harvard University was the first American university, and perhaps the first in the world, to appoint a full-time scholar of Judaica to its faculty.
Fraunhofer Institute for Open Communication Systems
The Fraunhofer Institute for Open Communication Systems (German: Fraunhofer-Institut für Offene Kommunikationssysteme), abbreviated as FOKUS and known as the Fraunhofer FOKUS, is a research institute of the Fraunhofer Society, located in Charlottenburg, Berlin, Germany. The institute is engaged in applied research and development in the field of information and communications technology. The institute is led by Prof. Manfred Hauswirth, who also holds a chair at the Technische Universität Berlin. Dr. Tom Ritter is the institute's deputy director.

Charlottenburg
Charlottenburg (German: [ʃaʁˈlɔtn̩bʊʁk] ⓘ) is a locality of Berlin within the borough of Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf. Established as a town in 1705 and named after Sophia Charlotte of Hanover, Queen consort of Prussia, it is best known for Charlottenburg Palace – the largest surviving such royal palace in Berlin – and the adjacent museums.

Charlottenburg was an independent city to the west of Berlin until 1920 when it was incorporated into "Groß-Berlin" (Greater Berlin) and transformed into a borough. In the course of Berlin's 2001 administrative reform it was merged with the former borough of Wilmersdorf becoming a part of a new borough called Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf. Later, in 2004, the new borough's districts were rearranged, dividing the former borough of Charlottenburg into the localities of Charlottenburg proper, Westend and Charlottenburg-Nord.
Annurca
Annurca, pronounced in Italy [anˈnurka], also called Anurka, is a historically old cultivar of domesticated apple native to Southern Italy. It is believed to be the one mentioned by Pliny the Elder in his Naturalis Historia, and in the 16th century by Gian Battista della Porta. However it was first mentioned by this name by Giuseppe Antonio Pasquale.

Still today it is abundantly cultivated in Southern Italy, typically at the border between the Caserta and Benevento provinces, in the valley which is called the "queen of apples".

Province of Caserta
The province of Caserta (Italian: provincia di Caserta) is a province in the Campania region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Caserta, situated about 36 kilometres (22 mi) by road north of Naples. The province has an area of 2,651.35 square kilometres (1,023.69 mi2), and a population of 907,442. The Palace of Caserta is located near to the city, a former royal residence which was constructed for the Bourbon kings of Naples. It was the largest palace and one of the largest buildings erected in Europe during the 18th century. In 1997, the palace was designated a World Heritage Site.
The Moor Quarter
The Moor Quarter is one of Sheffield's twelve designated quarters, built around and named for The Moor, a pedestrianised thoroughfare.  It is bound by Furnival Gate in the north-east, Eyre Street in the south-east, St Mary's Gate to the south, and Moore Street and Charter Row to the north-west.

It is primarily a retail location, with the city's main market now located in the quarter and more than 70 shops and restaurants. There are also some offices at Charter Row and Moorfoot.  It benefits from a good location, centrally between the Devonshire Quarter, Cultural Industries Quarter, Heart of the City and London Road and Ecclesall Road shops.

The monolithic Moorfoot Building is at the south-west end of the Moor. It previously housed central British government departments, but is now used by Sheffield City Council.

Sheffield Inner Ring Road
Sheffield Inner Ring Road is a dual-carriageway circling central Sheffield, South Yorkshire, England. Marked up as the A61 all the way around, it was built from the 1960s onwards. The Ring Road connects to the Sheffield Parkway, which itself connects with the M1 motorway. Many of Sheffield's current and under construction major office premises and luxury apartments are located on the Ring Road.
Priory Country Park
Priory Country Park is a country park located in the Newnham area of Bedford, England alongside the River Great Ouse. The park is managed by Bedford Borough Council.

The park was established after gravel extraction ended in 1977. It was officially opened in 1986 by Valerie Singleton. It covers an area of 300 acres (121 hectares), with habitats including lakes, grassland and woodland, and is noted as a birdwatching site. It includes the Priory Marina and Cardington Artificial Slalom Course, and the largest lake is home to a sailing club. There is also a Beefeater Grill and Premier Inn by the park entrance.

Priory Country Park won a Green Flag Award in 2007.

The wall alongside the marina is constructed from stones which were once part of the former Augustinian monastery that occupied part of the site. It also contains Roman bricks from an earlier Roman farmhouse that preceded it.

Gravel pit
A gravel pit is an open-pit mine for the extraction of gravel.

Gravel pits often lie in river valleys where the water table is high, so they may naturally fill with water to form ponds or lakes. Gravel pit lakes are typically nutrient rich and can support thriving ecosystems, but can also present environmental issues such as the release of toxic metals into watersheds from the exposed rock. Old, abandoned gravel pits are normally used either as nature reserves, or as amenity areas for water sports, landfills and walking. In Germany former gravel or sand pits that have filled up with water are known as Baggersee ("power dug lake") and popular for recreational use.  In addition, many gravel pits in the United Kingdom have been stocked with freshwater fish such as the common carp to create coarse fishing locations. Gravel pit lakes have also been stocked with carp in Denmark, as well as rainbow trout.