hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Thin Red Line (painting)
The Thin Red Line is an 1881 oil-on-canvas painting by Robert Gibb depicting the 93rd (Sutherland Highlanders) Regiment of Foot at the Battle of Balaclava on 25 October 1854, during the Crimean War. In an incident which became known as "The Thin Red Line", a two-deep line of around 500 red-coated Scottish infantry from the Highland Brigade – with support from around 1,000 Royal Marines and Turkish infantry along with six guns of field artillery – stood firm against a force of around 2,500 Russian cavalrymen. The incident was a small one, in the context of the battle and the war as a whole, but became the focus for celebrating the stoicism and steadfastness of the British Army after Gibb's painting was exhibited.

93rd (Sutherland Highlanders) Regiment of Foot
The 93rd (Sutherland Highlanders) Regiment of Foot was a Line Infantry Regiment of the British Army, raised in 1799. Under the Childers Reforms, it amalgamated with the 91st (Argyllshire Highlanders) Regiment of Foot to form the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders.
Epicrionops columbianus
Epicrionops columbianus, the El Tambo caecilian, is a species of caecilian in the family Rhinatrematidae endemic to Colombia. It is known from the western slopes of the Cordillera Occidental in Cauca and Chocó Departments.

The species' natural habitats are montane forests where it occurs underground or among fallen leaves. Specific threats to it are unknown.

Cordillera Occidental (Colombia)
The Cordillera Occidental (English: Western Ranges) is the lowest in elevation of the three branches of the Colombian Andes.  The average altitude is 2,000 m (6,600 ft) and the highest peak is Cerro Tatamá at 4,100 m (13,500 ft).  The range extends from south to north diverging from the Colombian Massif in Nariño Department, passes north through Cauca, Valle del Cauca, Risaralda, Chocó, and Caldas Departments to the Paramillo Massif in Antioquia and Córdoba Departments. The cordillera is paralleled on the east by the Cauca river. From this massif the range divides further to form the Serranías de Ayapel, San Jerónimo and Abibe, receding into the Caribbean plain and the Sinú River valley.

It is a direct continuation of the Cordillera Occidental of Ecuador.
Notruf Hafenkante
Notruf Hafenkante is a German television series broadcast on ZDF. It is set in Hamburg and is about the members of the police department PK 21 and the doctors of the fictional hospital Elbkrankenhaus. The show's premise is modelled on the Davidwache police station, which historically worked closely with the Hamburg harbour hospital.

Davidwache
The Davidwache ("David's watch") is a police station in Hamburg, Germany. It is located in the St. Pauli quarter, near Reeperbahn, at the corner of Spielbudenplatz square and Davidstraße. Today, it is the seat of Hamburg Police Department 15.

While Davidwache has existed since 1840, the listed brick building was erected by Fritz Schumacher from 1913 to 1914 and opened on 10 December 1914. Sculptor Richard Kuöhl designed the ceramic elements of the station house. In 2004–2005, an extension was added at the back. The building is known from numerous movies and TV series, and Paul McCartney and Pete Best once had to spend a night there.
Oromocto (1813 ship)
Oromocto was launched at Oromocto, New Brunswick in 1813. She then traded between England and the Caribbean. She started trading between England and India but in 1820 she became leaky on her way back to England from India, put into Maranham, and was condemned there in 1821.

Maranhão
Maranhão (/ˌmɑːrəˈnjaʊn/, MAH-rə-NYOWN; Brazilian Portuguese pronunciation: [maɾɐˈɲɐ̃w] ⓘ) is a state in Brazil. Located in the country's Northeast Region, it has a population of about 7 million and an area of 332,000 km2 (128,000 sq mi) and it is divided into 217 municipalities. Clockwise from north, it borders on the Atlantic Ocean for 2,243 km and the states of Piauí, Tocantins and Pará. The people of Maranhão have a distinctive accent within the common Northeastern Brazilian dialect. Maranhão is described in literary works such as Exile Song by Gonçalves Dias and Casa de Pensão by Aluísio Azevedo.

The dunes of Lençóis are an important area of environmental preservation. Also of interest is the state capital of São Luís, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Another important conservation area is the Parnaíba River delta, between the states of Maranhão and Piauí, with its lagoons, desert dunes and deserted beaches or islands, such as Caju island, which shelters rare birds.
Apartheid in popular culture
There is a wide range of ways in which people have represented apartheid in popular culture. During (1948–1994) and following the apartheid era in South Africa, apartheid has been referenced in many books, films, and other forms of art and literature.

Bryce Courtenay
Arthur Bryce Courtenay, AM (14 August 1933 – 22 November 2012) was a South African-Australian advertising director and novelist. He is one of Australia's best-selling authors, notable for his book The Power of One.
Mina al Fahal
Mina' al Fahal (Arabic: ميناء الفحل, also known as Miana al Fahl, also in the past Saih al Malieh, and Saih al-Malih (Arabic: سيح المالح)) is a coastal area in the northeast of Oman, near to the country's capital, Muscat. It was renamed from Saih al Maleh as the petroleum processing plant was developed. It is a key area for the country's petroleum operations. Petroleum Development Oman (PDO) is based at Mina al Fahal, and the Oman Refinery Company (ORC) has a 104,000 b/d oil refinery located here. Crude oil and refinery products are loaded onto tankers off Mina Al Fahal by subsea pipeline and SBM (Single Buoy Mooring) Systems. Two of the SBMs are owned by PDO for crude export and the third is owned by SOM (Shell Oman Marketing).

OQ (company)
OQ, formerly known as Oman Oil Company, is an energy investment company headquartered in Muscat, Oman. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Government of Oman through the Oman Investment Authority state-owned enterprise.

OQ is involved in sectors such as infrastructure and transportation for energy, oil refining, petrochemical production, oil marketing, and power generating. It operates in 17 countries.

As of June 2023, OQ produces more than  246,000 barrels of oil per day.
Cribyn (mountain)
Cribyn (Welsh pronunciation: [ˈkrɪbɪn]) is a mountain in the Brecon Beacons (Bannau Brycheiniog) with an elevation of 2608 feet (or 795 metres), about 300 feet lower than the neighbouring peaks of Pen y Fan and Corn Du. It is a prominent peak in the long and impressive escarpment facing north and running roughly east–west of the central section of the Brecon Beacons.

The summit lies on a ridge stretching from Talybont Reservoir in the east, to the A470 road.  The ridge line to the west connects Cribyn with the peak of Pen y Fan. To the east, the ridge line descends to Bwlch ar y Fan, a col crossed by an ancient trail sometimes known as 'The Gap Road' before ascending again to the peak of Fan y Big.

Talybont Reservoir
Talybont Reservoir (Welsh: Cronfa Ddŵr Tal-y-bont) is the largest stillwater reservoir in the central Brecon Beacons at 318 acres (1.29 km2). Talybont-on-Usk is 1.5 miles (2.4 km) downstream of the dam.

Construction of the current dam started in 1931 by Newport Corporation, and in 1939 the reservoir started supplying Newport with treated water.

The reservoir is now owned by Welsh Water. In 2019 a £10 million modernisation took place, including upgrading the pipework inside the dam.
George Willis-Pryce
George Willis-Pryce (1866–1949) was an English landscape painter who worked in the late 19th century and the early 20th century. Several of his paintings are exhibited in galleries and museums, such as the Wednesbury Museum and Art Gallery and the Bewdley Museum, as well as several local pieces in Evesham Town Hall. The majority of his works are held in private collections.

Wednesbury Museum and Art Gallery
Wednesbury Museum and Art Gallery is a purpose-built Victorian art gallery in Wednesbury in the West Midlands of England. It is notable for its Ruskin Pottery collection and for hosting the first public display of the Stuckism art movement.
Elaine Feeney
Elaine Feeney (born 1979) is an Irish poet, novelist, and playwright. Her writing focuses on "the central themes of history, national identity, and state institutions, and she examines how these forces structure the everyday lives of Irish women". A former slam poetry winner,  she has been described as "an experienced writer who has been wrestling with poetry on page and on stage since 2006" and in 2015 was heralded as "one of the most provocative poets to come out of Ireland in the last decade". Her work has been widely translated.

Feeney's debut novel, As You Were, was won at auction in December 2019. It was published by Penguin Random House, under the Harvill Secker imprint, on 20 August 2020. In January 2020, The Observer newspaper chose Feeney as one of the best debut novelists of the year and the book was shortlisted for the Rathbones Folio Prize and the Dalkey Literary Award (Emerging Writer) in 2021.

The Poetry Review
The Poetry Review is the magazine of The Poetry Society, edited by the poet Wayne Holloway-Smith. Founded in 1912, shortly after the establishment of the Society, previous editors have included poets Muriel Spark, Adrian Henri, Andrew Motion and Maurice Riordan.
António Raposo Tavares
António Raposo Tavares (1598–1658), known as the Elder (Portuguese: o Velho), was a Portuguese bandeirante who explored mainland eastern South America and claimed it for Portugal, extending the territory of the colony beyond the limits imposed by the Treaty of Tordesillas. He also led the largest expedition ever made in the Americas, covering over 10,000 kilometres (over 6,200 mi) around South America, unifying completely the two large South American river basins and the Andes in a single voyage. Raposo Tavares departed from São Paulo towards the rivers of the Río de la Plata Basin (mainly the Paraguay River) and the Andean slopes, and from there to Belém, at the mouth of the Amazon. Raposo Tavares was partly of Jewish origin according to the Jewish historian Anita Novinsky.

Río de la Plata Basin
The Río de la Plata basin (Spanish: Cuenca del Plata, Portuguese: Bacia do Prata), more often called the River Plate basin in scholarly writings, sometimes called the Platine basin or Platine region, is the 3,170,000-square-kilometre (1,220,000 sq mi) hydrographical area in South America that drains to the Río de la Plata. It includes areas of southeastern Bolivia, southern and central Brazil, the entire country of Paraguay, most of Uruguay, and northern Argentina. Making up about one fourth of the continent's surface, it is the second largest drainage basin in South America (after the Amazon basin) and one of the largest in the world.

The main rivers of the La Plata basin are the Paraná River, the Paraguay River (the Paraná's main tributary), and the Uruguay River.
Ernest Julius Wilczynski
Ernest Julius Wilczynski (November 13, 1876 – September 14, 1932) was an American mathematician considered the founder of projective differential geometry.

Born in Hamburg, Germany, Wilczynski's family emigrated to America and settled in Chicago, Illinois when he was very young. He attended public school in the US but went to college in Germany and received his PhD from the University of Berlin in 1897.  He taught at the University of California until 1907, the University of Illinois from 1907 to 1910, and the University of Chicago from 1910 until illness forced his absence from the classroom in 1923. His doctoral students include Archibald Henderson, Ernest Preston Lane, Pauline Sperry, Ellis Stouffer, and Charles Thompson Sullivan.

Archibald Henderson (professor)
Archibald Henderson (July 17, 1877 – December 6, 1963) was an American professor of mathematics who wrote on a variety of subjects, including drama and history. He is well known for his friendship with George Bernard Shaw.
Laal Moroger Jhuti
Laal Moroger Jhuti (Bengali: লাল মোরগের ঝুঁটি, lit. 'Call Of The Red Rooster') is a 2021 Bangladeshi War-drama film was written and directed by Nurul Alam Atique. It was produced by Matia Banu Shuku. The film stars Ashna Habib Bhabna,Shahjahan Shamrat, Jyotika Jyoti, Deepak Suman, Ahmed Rubel, Ashish Khandaker, Laila Hasan and Zinat Sanu Swagata.

The film was set in August 1971 during Bangladesh Liberation War. It was released on 10 December to mark the 50th anniversary of independence of Bangladesh. On 9 December a special screening was held at the Bangladesh Film Archive Auditorium, presided by the Minister for Liberation War Affairs, Mozammel Haque.

Ministry of Liberation War Affairs
The Ministry of Liberation War Affairs (Bengali: মুক্তিযুদ্ধ বিষয়ক মন্ত্রণালয়, abbreviated as MoLWA) is the ministry responsible for the preservation of war memorials and the welfare of Freedom Fighters.
Xenoetas
Xenoetas (/zɪˈniːtəs/; Ancient Greek: Ξενοίτας; killed in 221 BC) was an Achaean in the service of the Seleucid king Antiochus the Great; he was despatched by his chief minister Hermeias in command of an army against the rebel satrap of Media, Molon, in 221 BC. This unusual distinction seems greatly to have elated him. He conducted himself arrogantly towards his friends, and exhibited no small presumption and rashness in his military operations. He succeeded in crossing the Tigris, but fell into the snare laid for him by Molon, who feigned a retreat, and suddenly returning surprised Xenoetas when the greater part of his forces were sunk in drunken sleep. Xenoetas was killed, and his army cut to pieces.

Hermeias
Hermeias (/hɜːrˈmaɪəs/) or Hermias (/ˈhɜːrmiəs/; Greek: Ἑρμείας or Ἑρμίας; died 220 BC) was a Carian by birth, who had raised himself to be the favourite and chief minister of Seleucus III Ceraunus (225–223 BC), and was left at the head of affairs in Syria by that monarch when he set out on the expedition across the Taurus Mountains, in the course of which Seleucus  met with his death, 223 BC.
Indian Shaker Church and Gulick Homestead
The Indian Shaker Church and Gulick Homestead are an ensemble of historic buildings in The Dalles, Oregon, United States. Built by Henry Gulick directly on the Columbia riverbank in the 1890s, it is the only remaining 19th century fishing homestead in Oregon. Gulick, an employee of the locally-important Seufert salmon canning concern, included a church building in the complex in ca. 1896 for his wife, Harriet, a member of the Wasco people. The church was the smallest of five Indian Shaker Church congregations in the state.

The church and homestead were added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.

Homestead (building)
A homestead is an isolated dwelling, especially a farmhouse, and adjacent outbuildings, typically on a large agricultural holding such as a ranch or station.

In North America the word "homestead" historically referred to land claimed by a settler or squatter under the Homestead Acts (United States) or the Dominion Lands Act (Canada). In Old English, the term was used to mean a human settlement, and in Southern Africa the term is used for a cluster of several houses normally occupied by a single extended family.

In Australia, it refers to the owner's house and the associated outbuildings of a pastoral property, known as a station. Some large and historic homesteads, especially those that resemble a mansion with large tracts of farmland, are often called "estates", and can be analogous to the English country house, châteaux, or a schloss, but are much younger and modest compared to their European counterparts. Examples include Booloominbah and Iandra Castle.
Danny McCormack (hurler)
Daniel "Danny" McCormack (1876-1938) was an Irish hurler who played for the Dublin senior team.

Born in Borrisoleigh, County Tipperary, McCormack first arrived on the inter-county scene at the age of twenty-four when he first linked up with the Dublin senior. He made his debut during the 1899 championship. McCormack immediately became a regular member of the starting fifteen and won three Leinster medals. He was an All-Ireland runner-up on two occasions.

At club level, McCormack was a seven-time championship medallist with Faughs.

McCormack retired from inter-county hurling following the conclusion of the 1912 championship.

Dublin Senior Hurling Championship
The Dublin Senior Hurling Championship (Irish: Craobh Sinsear Iomána Átha Cliath) is an annual hurling competition organised by the Dublin County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) since 1887 for the top hurling clubs in County Dublin, Ireland.

Sixteen clubs compete. Initially the teams are divided into four groups of four with the group matches being played from April to May with a break to accommodate the All-Ireland Championship and resume during August or September. The group stage is followed by a knock-out phase which takes place during the months of October and November.

Sponsored by Go-Ahead, it is therefore officially known as the Go-Ahead Dublin Senior Hurling Championship.

Since the establishment of the Dublin Senior Hurling Championship in 1887, a total of 26 clubs have won the tournament. Faughs have been the most successful club having won 31 titles.

Na Fianna are the title holders having defeated Lucan Sarsfields 1-20 to 0-22 in the 2025 final.
Karl-Rudolf Silberg-Sillak
Karl-Rudolf Silberg-Sillak (20 March 1906 – 17 December 1974) was an Estonian footballer, who made 52 appearances for the Estonia national team between 1929 and 1938. He also made 12 appearances for the Estonia national bandy team and Estonia national ice hockey team.

Sillak was born in Märjamaa in 1906, and began playing for Sport in 1923. He earned his first cap for the Estonian national team in 1929, and became a mainstay in the defensive line in the 1930s.

Estonia men's national ice hockey team
The Estonian men's national ice hockey team is the ice hockey team representing Estonia internationally. The team is controlled by the Estonian Ice Hockey Association (Estonian: Eesti Jäähokiliit), a member of the International Ice Hockey Federation.
Flavia Lüscher
Flavia Lüscher (born 31 October 2003) is a Swiss footballer who plays as a defender for Austrian Football Bundesliga side SC Rheindorf Altach. Lüscher previously played for FC Basel, 1. FFC Turbine Potsdam, and FC Aarau on loan.

She is also training to be electrical planner whilst playing professional football part time.

FC Aarau
FC Aarau is a Swiss professional football club based in Aarau. Founded in 1902, the club competes in the Swiss Challenge League, the second tier of Swiss football after being relegated from the Swiss Super League.
Attack on Burton's Camp
The attack on Burton's Camp took place on April 19, 1855, near Berbera, when a group of Isaaqs, led by Ou Ali (Aw Cali), attacked a British expedition camp. The camp, led by Sir Richard Francis Burton, was part of his search for the source of the Nile. The attack resulted in the death of Lieutenant Stroyan, the wounding of Burton, and the capture of Captain Speke. The incident marked a significant confrontation between the British and the Isaaq clan, that would eventually lead to Berbera being blockaded by the Royal Navy in 1855.

John Hanning Speke
John Hanning Speke (4 May 1827 – 15 September 1864) was an English explorer and army officer who made three exploratory expeditions to Africa. He is most associated with the search for the source of the Nile (known to locals as Kiyira in Luganda) and was the first European to reach Lake Victoria (known to locals as Nam Lolwe in Dholuo and Nnalubaale in Luganda or Ukerewe).
Rasmus Jensen House
The Rasmus Jensen House, located at 97 E. 100 South in Ephraim, Utah, was built in 1870.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

It is a vernacular pair-house.  It was deemed "significant as an example of Scandinavian vernacular architecture in Utah. The house contributes historically to the thematic nomination, "The Scandinavian-American Pair-house in Utah."".

It was built probably in the early 1870s for Rasmus Jensen, who was born in Denmark in 1842 and immigrated to Utah in 1863, and who was to be married in 1876.

Ephraim, Utah
Ephraim is a city in Sanpete County, Utah, United States. The population was 5,611 at the 2020 census, making it the largest city in Sanpete County. It is the location of Snow College and is located along U.S. Route 89.
Coelodasys unicornis
Coelodasys unicornis, the unicorn caterpillar moth, unicorn prominent or variegated prominent, is a species of moth in the family Notodontidae. It was first described by James Edward Smith in 1797 and is found in North America south of the Arctic.

The wingspan is 24–35 mm. There is one generation per year.

The larvae feed on Alnus, Malus, Populus tremuloides, Betula papyrifera, Ulmus, Crataegus, Carya and Salix species.

This species was formerly a member of the genus Schizura, but was transferred to Coelodasys as a result of research published in 2021.

Malus
Malus (/ˈmeɪləs/ or /ˈmæləs/) is a genus of about 32–57 species of small deciduous trees or shrubs in the family Rosaceae, including the domesticated orchard apple, crab apples (sometimes known in North America as crabapples) and wild apples.

The genus is native to the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere.
Buzz (airline founded in 1999)
Buzz (stylised as buzz) was a British low-cost airline operating services within Europe. It was founded in 1999 as a subsidiary of Dutch national airline KLM and began operations on 4 January 2000. After being acquired by Ryanair in April 2003, it ceased operations at the end of October 2004. In 2019, Ryanair revived the Buzz name by rebranding its Polish subsidiary Ryanair Sun.

International Lease Finance Corporation
The International Lease Finance Corporation (ILFC) was an aircraft lessor headquartered in the Constellation Place in Century City, Los Angeles, California, US.

It was the world's largest aircraft lessor by value, though ILFC's rival, General Electric's GECAS unit, had more aircraft. It leased Boeing and Airbus aircraft to major airlines worldwide.
Lepik
Lepik or Leppik is a common Estonian surname (meaning "alder forest"), with notable bearers including:

Lepik

Andres Lepik (born 1957), actor

August Lepik (1881–1955), politician

Kalju Lepik (1920–1999), poet

Krista Lepik (born 1964), biathlete

Liina Kersna (née Lepik; born 1980), journalist and politician

Liis Lepik (botn 1994), footballer

Mait Lepik (born 1968), actor

Margus Lepik (born 1969), politician

Mark Anders Lepik (born 2000), footballer

Ülo Lepik (1921–2022), mathematician and mechanics researcher

Leppik

Elmar Leppik (1878–1978), mycologist

Mihkel Leppik (1932–2021), rowing coach

Sakarias Jaan Leppik (born 1969), priest, musician and journalist

Silver Leppik (born 1983), basketball player

Andres Lepik
Andres Lepik (born 27 April 1957 in Haapsalu) is an Estonian actor and theatre director.

In 1982 he graduated from the Tallinn State Conservatory's Performing Arts Department. From 1982 until 1994 and from 1995 until 2000, he worked at Ugala Theatre (1995–1998 as its artistical manager). From 2000 until 2003, he worked at the Endla Theatre. Since 2004, he has been a freelance actor. Besides theatre roles he has played also in several films and on television.

Awards:

1991: Ants Lauter prize