hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1911 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania
The 1911 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania was held on January 17, 1911. Incumbent George T. Oliver was re-elected by the Pennsylvania General Assembly to the United States Senate. This was the last U.S. Senate election to be decided by the Pennsylvania General Assembly before the ratification of the 17th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which mandated the direct election of U.S. senators.

Pennsylvania General Assembly
The Pennsylvania General Assembly is the state legislature of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. It is a bicameral body consisting of an upper house, the Pennsylvania State Senate, with 50 members, and a lower house, the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, with 203 members. The legislature convenes in the State Capitol building in Harrisburg.

During colonial times (1682–1776), the legislature was known as the Pennsylvania Provincial Assembly and was unicameral. Since the Constitution of 1776, the legislature has been known as the General Assembly. The General Assembly became a bicameral legislature in 1791.
2022 Las Vegas Bowl
The 2022 Las Vegas Bowl was a college football bowl game played on December 17, 2022, at Allegiant Stadium in Paradise, Nevada. The 30th annual Las Vegas Bowl, the game featured Oregon State from the Pac-12 Conference and Florida from the Southeastern Conference (SEC). The game began at 11:35 a.m. PST and aired on ESPN. It was one of the 2022–23 bowl games concluding the 2022 FBS football season. Sponsored by roofing distribution company SRS Distribution, the game was officially known as the SRS Distribution Las Vegas Bowl.

Paradise, Nevada
Paradise is an unincorporated town and census-designated place (CDP) in Clark County, Nevada, United States, adjacent to the city of Las Vegas. It was formed on December 8, 1950. Its population was 191,238 at the 2020 census, making it the fifth-most-populous CDP in the United States; if it were an incorporated city, it would be the fifth-largest in Nevada. As an unincorporated town, it is governed by the Clark County Commission with input from the Paradise Town Advisory Board.

Paradise contains Harry Reid International Airport; the University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV); the majority of the Las Vegas Strip; and most of the tourist attractions in the Las Vegas area (excluding downtown). However, all Paradise addresses, as well as other unincorporated areas in the Las Vegas Valley, have "Las Vegas" addresses.
2012 Dubai Sevens
The 2012 Dubai Sevens was held on 30 November and 1 December 2012 at The Sevens Stadium in Dubai. It was the 24th edition of the tournament and the second stop of the 2012–13 IRB Sevens World Series.

Samoa defeated New Zealand 26–15 in the final to win the title.

New Zealand national rugby sevens team
The New Zealand national rugby sevens team competes in the World Rugby Sevens Series, Rugby World Cup Sevens, Summer Olympic Games and the Commonwealth Games. They have won a record 14 World Rugby Sevens Series titles.

The team played for the first time at the 1973 International Seven-A-Side Tournament.
2016 Porsche Carrera Cup Great Britain
The 2016 Porsche Carrera Cup Great Britain was a multi-event, one-make motor racing championship held across England and Scotland. The championship featured a mix of professional motor racing teams and privately funded drivers, competing in Porsche 911 GT3 cars that conformed to the technical regulations for the championship. It formed part of the extensive program of support categories built up around the BTCC centrepiece. The 2016 season was the fourteenth Porsche Carrera Cup Great Britain season, commencing on 3 April at Brands Hatch – on the circuit's Indy configuration – and finished on 2 October at the same venue, utilising the Grand Prix circuit, after sixteen races at eight meetings. Fourteen of the races were held in support of the 2016 British Touring Car Championship season, with a round in support of the 2016 FIA World Endurance Championship season.

British Touring Car Championship
The British Touring Car Championship (BTCC), officially known as the Kwik Fit British Touring Car Championship for sponsorship reasons, is a touring car racing series held each year in the United Kingdom, currently organised and administered by TOCA. It was established in 1958 as the British Saloon Car Championship and was renamed as the British Touring Car Championship for the 1987 season. It is one of the oldest, most popular and most prestigious touring car series in the world. The championship, currently running Next Generation Touring Car regulations, has been run to various national and international regulations over the years including FIA Group 2, FIA Group 5, FIA Group 1, FIA Group A, FIA Super Touring and FIA Super 2000. A lower-key Group N class for production cars ran from 2000 until 2003.
Talgat Bigeldinov Military Institute of the Air Defence Forces
The Talgat Bigeldinov Military Institute of the Air Defence Forces (Kazakh: Кеңес Одағының екі мәрте Батыры Т.Я.Бигелдинов атындағы Әуе қорғаныс күштерінің Әскери институты, romanized: Keñes Odağynyñ ekı märte Batyry T.İA.Bigeldinov atyndağy Äue qorğanys küşterınıñ Äskeri instituty; Russian: Военный институт Сил воздушной обороны имени Т. Я. Бегельдинова, ВИСВО) is a specialized military academy which helps train future servicemen of the Kazakh Air Defense Forces. Established in 1974 as the Aktobe Higher Civil Aviation School (AVLUGA), it originally trained specialists (mainly pilots) in the field of aviation. Until 1996, the AVLUGA served under this name and was renamed after the only two-time Kazakh Hero of the Soviet Union Talgat Begeldinov in July 2003. As of 2013, the institute has produced over 160 lieutenants in the air defence forces, and has trained cadets from foreign countries such as Hungary and Afghanistan.

Kazakh alphabets
The Kazakh language was written mainly in four scripts at various points of time – Old Turkic, Cyrillic, Latin, and Arabic – each having a distinct alphabet. The Arabic script is used in Iran, Afghanistan, and China, while the Cyrillic script is used in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Mongolia. In October 2017, a presidential decree in Kazakhstan ordered a transition from the Cyrillic to Latin script to be implemented by 2025. In January 2021, the target year for finishing the transition was pushed back to 2031.
Jaju Fernandes
Joaquim João "Jaju" Fernandes (29 September 1960 – 11 April 2023), also mononymously known as Jaju or Dada (transl. Father), was an Indian actor and singer known for his work in Konkani films and tiatr (theatre) productions. He made his professional debut in the 1980 tiatr Thapott (Slap) by his elder brother, Roseferns. Following this, he became known for playing both serious and comedic main characters, traditionally those of a father, antagonist, or police officer. In his later years, he took on the role of a football agent during his son Brandon Fernandes's early football career.

Benaulim
Benaulim (Bannalem) is a village in the state of Goa, India. Located in Salcete taluka of South Goa district, it neighbours Colva village to the north, Margao in the northeast, and Varca village to the south. During  Portuguese rule, it was one of the nine communidades in Salcete. Benaulim is the birthplace of St. Joseph Vaz, who was a priest and missionary in Ceylon. Benaulim is home to several traditional carpenters, and has long been known as Goa's 'village of carpenters'.

There are two churches in Benaulim. The Holy Trinity Church in Mazilvaddo is a modern church built over the centuries-old chapel of the Loiola Pereira family. The St John the Baptist Church in the Povacao area, closer to Colva, is where St. Joseph Vaz was baptised. In 2016, Benaulim hosted the 8th BRICS Summit.
French ship Aréthuse
Eleven ships of the French Navy have borne the name Aréthuse in honour of the nymph Arethusa:

Aréthuse (1757), a frigate

Aréthuse (1791), a frigate

Aréthuse (1798), a corvette

Aréthuse (1801), a frigate

Aréthuse (1805), a frigate

Aréthuse (1812), a frigate

Aréthuse (1885), a cruiser

Aréthuse (1916), an Amphitrite-class submarine launched in 1916 and struck in 1927

Aréthuse (NN7), an Argonaute-class submarine launched in 1929 and struck in 1946

Aréthuse (S635), lead vessel of the Aréthuse class of submarines launched in 1957 and struck in 1979

French corvette Aréthuse
Aréthuse, launched in April 1798, was the name-ship of the eponymous Aréthuse-class corvettes of the French Navy. Excellent captured her in 1799. The Royal Navy took her into service under the name HMS Raven. She was wrecked in 1804.
Paula Ramos
José França de Paula Ramos (born 4 June 1895, date of death unknown), known as just Paula Ramos, was a Brazilian footballer who played as a midfielder. He played in one match for the Brazil national football team in 1917. He was also part of Brazil's squad for the 1917 South American Championship.

1917 South American Championship
The 1917 South American Championship of Nations was the second edition of the continental tournament now known as the Copa América. It was held in Montevideo, Uruguay from 30 September to 14 October 1917. Hosts Uruguay retained the title after winning 1–0 over Argentina in the last match of the competition. Ángel Romano from Uruguay finished as the top scorer of the tournament with 4 goals.
Studio di fonologia musicale di Radio Milano
The Studio di fonologia musicale di Radio Milano was established 1955 in Milan following a joint initiative by Luciano Berio and Bruno Maderna.

The aim was to create a third European facility for experimental electronic contemporary classical music after the Studio für elektronische Musik des WDR in Cologne and the Groupe de Recherches Musicales in Paris.

The studio closed on 28 February 1983. The refurbished equipment is now exhibited at the Museum of Musical Instruments in the Sforza Castle, Milan.

Contemporary classical music
Contemporary classical music is Western art music composed close to the present day. At the beginning of the 21st century, it commonly referred to the post-1945 post-tonal music after the death of Anton Webern, and included serial music, electronic music, experimental music, and minimalist music. Newer forms of music include spectral music and post-minimalism.
The Lane (ward)
The Lane was an electoral ward in the London Borough of Southwark from 1968 to 2018. The ward was first used in the 1968 elections and last used at the 2014 elections. It returned councillors to Southwark London Borough Council.

Southwark London Borough Council
Southwark London Borough Council, also known as Southwark Council, is the local authority for the London Borough of Southwark in Greater London, England. The council has been under Labour majority control since 2010. The council is based at 160 Tooley Street.
Violent disorder
Violent disorder is a statutory offence in England and Wales. It is created by section 2(1) of the Public Order Act 1986. Sections 2(1) to (4) of that Act provide:

(1) Where 3 or more persons who are present together use or threaten unlawful violence and the conduct of them (taken together) is such as would cause a person of reasonable firmness present at the scene to fear for their personal safety, each of the persons using or threatening unlawful violence is guilty of violent disorder.

(2) It is immaterial whether the 3 or more use or threaten unlawful violence simultaneously.

(3) No person of reasonable firmness need actually be, or be likely to be, present at the scene.

(4) Violent disorder may be committed in private as well as in public places.

"3 or more persons"

See the following cases:

R v Mahroof [1988] 88 Cr App R 317, CA

R v Fleming and Robinson [1989] Crim LR 658, CA

R v McGuigan and Cameron [1991] Crim LR 719, CA

"Violence"

This word is defined by section 8.

The Criminal Law Review
The Criminal Law Review is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by Sweet & Maxwell covering the full spectrum of criminal law and criminal justice, with a primary focus on the law of England and Wales. It is the leading journal of criminal law in England and Wales providing both scholarly analysis and practitioner updates. The journal holds significant influence in both academic and professional circles, and is curated to "keep criminal lawyers up to date with new developments in law and practice" while also advancing scholarly debate. The editor-in-chief is Hannah Quirk (King’s College London).
Gadzarts
Gadz'Arts or Gadzarts is the nickname given to the students and the alumni of Arts et Métiers ParisTech (formerly École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers - ENSAM), a prestigious university (grande ecole) specialised in engineering.

Since the beginning of the institution, the students of the school perpetuate their own traditions and folklore, and organise themselves in a student society or union. They call themselves "Gadz'Arts", abbreviated from "Gars des Arts" ("Guys from the Arts", the school's nickname is the "Arts"). The "Gadz" folklore includes traditional clothing, slang, songs and legends, related symbolism, and ceremonials.

Gadz'Arts activities are independent of the administration of the school and are exclusively run by the students and alumni, although the two parts often cooperate for organising cultural or sporting events.

Alumni
Alumni (sg.: alumnus (MASC) or alumna (FEM)) are former students or graduates of a school, college, or university. The feminine plural alumnae is sometimes used for groups of women, and alums (sg.: alum) or alumns (sg.: alumn) as gender-neutral alternatives. The word comes from Latin, meaning nurslings, pupils or foster children, derived from alere "to nourish".

Alumni may or may not have completed their degree. For example, Burt Reynolds was an alumnus of Florida State University but not a graduate.

Alumni can also be former inmates, former employees, former contributors, or former members of an organization.
James Whitfield (bishop)
James Whitfield, PSS (November 3, 1770 – October 19, 1834) was an English-born Catholic prelate who served as archbishop of Baltimore from 1828 until his death in 1834. He was a member of the Sulpicians.

A businessman from a wealthy English family, Whitfield enter a Catholic seminary in France as an adult in the early 1800s and was ordained a priest in the Sulpician Order in 1809. After serving as a priest in England for several years, he traveled to Maryland in 1817 to serve in the Diocese of Baltimore. He was rector of the cathedral and vicar general of archdiocese until being appointed archbishop in 1828.

Whitfield is known for hosting the first two provincial councils of American bishops, where policies for running the new American Catholic Church were established. He is also known for spending his personal fortune to build churches and sponsor priests, and for his assistance to the African-American community.

Plenary Councils of Baltimore
The Plenary Councils of Baltimore were three conferences of American Catholic bishops, archbishops and superiors of religious orders in the United States. The councils were held in 1852, 1866 and 1884 in Baltimore, Maryland.

These three conferences played major roles in the 19th century in the establishment of Catholic education in the United States. They also defined the roles and rules for the church hierarchy, the clergy and Catholic laypeople.
Three Natural Bridges
29°26′02″N 107°48′05″E﻿ / ﻿29.433863°N 107.80128°E﻿ / 29.433863; 107.80128

The Three Natural Bridges (simplified Chinese: 天生三桥; traditional Chinese: 天生三橋; pinyin: Tiānshēng Sān Qiáo) are a series of natural limestone bridges located in Xiannüshan Town (仙女山镇), Wulong District, Chongqing Municipality, China. They lie within the Wulong Karst National Geology Park, itself a part of the South China Karst-Wulong Karst UNESCO World Heritage Site. In Chinese, the bridges are all named after dragons, namely Tianlong (Chinese: 天龙桥; lit. 'Sky Dragon') Qinglong (青龙桥; 'Azure Dragon') and Heilong (黑龙桥; 'Black Dragon').

Chinese dragon
The Chinese dragon or loong (/lʊŋ/ LUUNG) is a legendary creature in Chinese mythology, Chinese folklore, and Chinese culture generally. Chinese dragons have many animal-like forms, such as turtles and fish, but are most commonly depicted as snake-like with four legs. Academicians have identified four reliable theories on the origin of the Chinese dragon: snakes, Chinese alligators, thunder worship and nature worship. They traditionally symbolize potent and auspicious powers, particularly control over water and weather.
Vesper Peak
Vesper Peak is a peak along the Mountain Loop Highway region of the North Cascades of Washington state. It is about 18 miles (29 km) south of Darrington and 21 miles (34 km) east of Granite Falls, in the Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest. Its gentle south and east slopes contrast with a sheer north face which offers "excellent technical routes".

Mount Baker–Snoqualmie National Forest
The Mount Baker–Snoqualmie National Forest in Washington is a National Forest extending more than 140 miles (230 km) along the western slopes of the Cascade Range from the Canada–US border to the northern boundary of Mount Rainier National Park. It is administered by the United States Forest Service, which has headquarter offices for this forest in Everett. Local ranger district offices are in North Bend and Skykomish.
Dosthill Colts F.C.
Dosthill Colts F.C. was a Junior's football club based in the Dosthill area of Tamworth, England. The Senior side were members of the Midland Football Combination Premier Division. They were formed in 1990 by Gary Onions and Steve Brownlees. In 2011, the first team merged with Coleshill Town. The Juniors have representative teams in the Tamworth and Central Warwickshire Leagues.

Coleshill Town F.C.
Coleshill Town Football Club is a semi-professional football club based in Coleshill, Warwickshire, England. They are currently members of the Northern Premier League Division One Midlands and play at Pack Meadow.
LB&SCR E2 class
The London, Brighton and South Coast Railway (LB&SCR) E2 class was a class of ten 0-6-0T steam locomotives designed by Lawson Billinton, generally employed for shunting, piloting duties in London termininal and local goods trains.

Introduced in 1913, the E2 class were the first of Billinton's own designs for the LB&SCR, built to replace some of the early Stroudley E1 goods engines. With the advantage of improved boiler feeds the E2 class were less restricted in their activities than the E1 class. However, the first five members of the class suffered from inadequate water capacity.

Freight train
A freight train, goods train, or cargo train, is a railway train that is used to carry cargo, as opposed to passengers. Freight trains are made up of one or more locomotives which provide propulsion, along with one or more railroad cars (also known as wagons) which carry freight. A wide variety of cargoes are carried on trains, but the low friction inherent to rail transport means that freight trains are especially suited to carrying bulk and heavy loads over longer distances.
Tjunti
25°1′S 129°24′E﻿ / ﻿25.017°S 129.400°E﻿ / -25.017; 129.400

Tjunti is a soakage site near Kaḻṯukatjara, in the Northern Territory of Australia. It is located where the Hull River cuts through the Petermann Ranges, about 36 kilometres (22 mi) to the southeast of Kaḻṯukatjara, 41 km (25 mi) by road along the Tjukaruru Road. Tjunti is known as the site where the famous gold prospector Harold B. Lasseter took refuge on his fatal search for Lasseter's Reef. An outstation was established here in 1977, and belongs to a Pitjantjatjara family.

The gap in the mountains is formed here by the Hull River, a sandy creek that remains dry for most of the year. It splits the Curdie Range in the south from the Mannanana Range in the north. There are several soaks and rockholes in the area.

Great Central Road
The Great Central Road is a mostly unsealed Australian highway that runs 1,126 km (700 mi) from Laverton, Western Australia to Yulara, Northern Territory . It passes through a number of small communities on the way. It forms part of the Outback Way which goes all the way to Winton, Queensland.
Babel (Star Trek: Deep Space Nine)
"Babel" is the fifth episode of the American science fiction television series Star Trek: Deep Space Nine. The episode aired on television on January 25, 1993.

Set in the 24th century, the series follows the adventures on Deep Space Nine, a space station located near a stable wormhole between the Alpha and Gamma quadrants of the Milky Way Galaxy, near the planet Bajor, as the Bajorans recover from a brutal decades-long occupation by the imperialistic Cardassians. In this episode, a biological weapon causes the population of DS9 to have difficulty communicating.

Wormhole
A wormhole is a hypothetical structure that connects disparate points in spacetime. It can be visualized as a tunnel with two ends at separate points in spacetime (i.e., different locations, different points in time, or both). Wormholes are based on a special solution of the Einstein field equations.
Wormholes are consistent with the general theory of relativity, but whether they actually exist is unknown. Many physicists postulate that wormholes are merely projections of a fourth spatial dimension, analogous to how a two-dimensional (2D) being could experience only part of a three-dimensional (3D) object.

In 1995, Matt Visser suggested there may be many wormholes in the universe if cosmic strings with negative mass were generated in the early universe. Some physicists, such as Kip Thorne, have suggested how to create wormholes artificially.
2001 Calder Cup playoffs
The 2001 Calder Cup playoffs of the American Hockey League began on April 10, 2001. The sixteen teams that qualified, eight from each conference, played best-of-five series for division semifinals and best-of-seven series for division finals and conference finals.  The conference champions played a best-of-seven series for the Calder Cup. The Calder Cup Final ended on May 28, 2001, with the Saint John Flames defeating the Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins four games to two to win the first, and only, Calder Cup in team history.

Saint John's Steve Begin won the Jack A. Butterfield Trophy as AHL playoff MVP. Wilkes-Barre Scranton defenseman Chris Kelleher set an AHL playoff record for points scored by a defenseman in one playoff with 25 (7 goals, 18 assists). This record was broken in 2008 by Wilkes-Barre/Scranton defenseman Alex Goligoski.

Point (ice hockey)
In ice hockey, a player is credited with one point for either a goal or an assist.

The total number of goals plus assists equals total points. In the National Hockey League (NHL), the Art Ross Trophy is awarded to the player who leads the league in points at the end of the regular season.