hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Seifert conjecture
In mathematics, the Seifert conjecture states that every nonsingular, continuous vector field on the 3-sphere has a closed orbit.  It is named after Herbert Seifert.  In a 1950 paper, Seifert asked if such a vector field exists, but did not phrase non-existence as a conjecture.  He also established the conjecture for perturbations of the Hopf fibration.

The conjecture was disproven in 1974 by Paul Schweitzer, who exhibited a  counterexample.  Schweitzer's construction was then modified by Jenny Harrison in 1988 to make a  counterexample for some .  The existence of smoother counterexamples remained an open question until 1993 when Krystyna Kuperberg constructed a very different  counterexample.  Later this construction was shown to have real analytic and piecewise linear versions.
In 1997 for the particular case of incompressible fluids it was shown that all  steady state flows on  possess closed flowlines based on similar results for Beltrami flows on the Weinstein conjecture.

3-sphere
In mathematics, a hypersphere or 3-sphere is a 4-dimensional analogue of a sphere, and is the 3-dimensional n-sphere. In 4-dimensional Euclidean space, it is the set of points equidistant from a fixed central point. The interior of a 3-sphere is a 4-ball.

It is called a 3-sphere because topologically, the surface itself is 3-dimensional, even though it is curved into the 4th dimension. For example, when traveling on a 3-sphere, you can go north and south, east and west, or along a 3rd set of cardinal directions. This means that a 3-sphere is an example of a 3-manifold.
2012 Abierto Mexicano Telcel – Women's doubles
Mariya Koryttseva and Raluca Olaru were the defending champions but Olaru decided not to participate.
Koryttseva played alongside Darija Jurak but lost in the quarterfinals to Gisela Dulko and Paola Suárez.
Sara Errani and Roberta Vinci defeated Lourdes Domínguez Lino and Arantxa Parra Santonja 6–2, 6–1 in the final to win the title.

Mariya Koryttseva
Mariya Serhiyivna Koryttseva  (Ukrainian: Марія Сергіївна  Коритцева; born 25 May 1985) is a Ukrainian former tennis player.

On 18 August 2008, she achieved her career-high singles ranking of world No. 50. On 23 June 2008, she peaked at No. 39 in the doubles rankings.
John Fawkes
John Fawkes (born 9 October 1933) is an English former first-class cricketer and British Army officer.

Fawkes was born at Brampton, Derbyshire. He carried out his National Service in the Royal Army Ordnance Corps as a second lieutenant, starting in October 1953. In November 1954, he was transferred from the National Service list and was promoted to the rank of lieutenant. His service took him to Kenya Colony, where he played minor matches for Kenya and East Africa. He later played first-class cricket for the Combined Services cricket team, making his debut against Warwickshire at Birmingham in 1959. He played three further first-class matches for the Combined Services in 1960, playing against Cambridge University, Surrey, and the touring South Africans. He scored 117 runs across his four matches, averaging 19.50, with a high score of 41.

East Africa cricket team
The East Africa cricket team was a multi-national cricket team representing the countries of Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania and Zambia. Their first game was against Rhodesia in 1951. East Africa appeared in the 1975 World Cup and the 1979, 1982 and 1986 ICC Trophies. In the last two of these Kenya was represented in its own right, so that East Africa was effectively a Ugandan, Tanzanian and Zambian team.

East Africa was an associate member of the ICC from 1966 to 1989, after which its place was taken by East and Central Africa.
2012 Oregon State Treasurer election
The 2012 Oregon State Treasurer election was held on November 6, 2012, to elect the Oregon State Treasurer. Incumbent Democratic State Treasurer Ted Wheeler was re-elected to a full term after being appointed to the role in 2010 by Governor Ted Kulongoski due to the death of Ben Westlund and then being elected to finish the term.

Ben Westlund
Bernard John "Ben" Westlund II (September 3, 1949 – March 7, 2010) was an American politician in the U.S. state of Oregon. A Democrat, he was elected State Treasurer in 2008. Previously, Westlund served in both houses of the Oregon Legislative Assembly, as a Republican from 1996 to 2006, as an independent from 2006 to 2007, and then as a Democrat. Westlund dropped his Republican party affiliation to run for Governor of Oregon in the 2006 election, but dropped out of the race in August. In December 2006 he became a Democrat. Westlund worked as a business analyst, and ran businesses in mining, ranching, and agriculture.
Cenegermin
Cenegermin, sold under the brand name Oxervate, also known as recombinant human nerve growth factor, is a recombinant form of human nerve growth factor. Cenegermin is a peripherally selective agonist of the tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA) and low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor (p75NTR).

The most common side effects include eye pain and inflammation, increased lacrimation (watery eyes), pain in the eyelid and sensation of a foreign body in the eye.

It was approved for medical use in the European Union in July 2017, and in the United States in 2018. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers it to be a first-in-class medication.

Low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor
The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) was first identified in 1973 as the low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor (LNGFR) before discovery that p75NTR bound other neurotrophins equally well as nerve growth factor. p75NTR is a neurotrophic factor receptor. Neurotrophic factor receptors bind Neurotrophins including Nerve growth factor, Neurotrophin-3, Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and Neurotrophin-4. All neurotrophins bind to p75NTR. This also includes the immature pro-neurotrophin forms. Neurotrophic factor receptors, including p75NTR, are responsible for ensuring a proper density to target ratio of developing neurons, refining broader maps in development into precise connections. p75NTR is involved in pathways that promote neuronal survival and neuronal death.
Mahadeo Shivankar
Mahadeorao Sukaji Shivankar (7 April 1940 – 20 October 2025) was an Indian politician belonging to Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).

Shivankar was elected to Maharashtra assembly in 1978, 1980, 1985, 1995 and 1999 from Amgaon (Vidhan Sabha constituency). He was minister of irrigation and command area development under Manohar Joshi's government in Maharashtra in 1990s.

Later, he was a member of the 14th Lok Sabha (2004–2009) from Chimur constituency in Maharashtra.

Shivankar died on 20 October 2025, at the age of 85.

Chimur Lok Sabha constituency
Chimur is a Lok Sabha parliamentary constituency of Maharashtra since 1967. Before  that, the area were broadly represented as Bhandara Lok Sabha constituency as it is two-seat constituency during 1951 and 1957 elections. During 1962 elections Gondia Lok Sabha constituency comes in existence and abolished before 1967 to come as Chimur in 1967. After delimitation of 2008, it comes as Gadchiroli-Chimur Lok Sabha constituency for 2009 elections to 15th Lok Sabha
Michael Jones (Illinois politician)
Michael Jones was an American politician who served as a member of the Illinois Senate and the Illinois House of Representatives.

Jones was a signatory of the First Illinois Constitutional Convention in 1818. He served as a state senator representing Gallatin County in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th Illinois General Assemblies. He then served as a state representative for Gallatin County in the 8th Illinois General Assembly.

8th Illinois General Assembly
The 8th Illinois General Assembly, consisting of the Illinois Senate and the Illinois House of Representatives, met from December 3, 1832, to March 2, 1833.

The 8th General Assembly was preceded by the 7th Illinois General Assembly, and was succeeded by the 9th Illinois General Assembly.
2024–25 Austrian Regionalliga
The 2024–25 Austrian Regionalliga is the 66th season of the Austrian third-tier football league.

The Regionalliga is split into East, West and Middle (German: Ost, West & Mitte) divisions. The Regionalliga Ost is formed by clubs from the Vienna, Lower Austria and Burgenland Football Associations. The Regionalliga Mitte is made up of clubs from the Upper Austria, Carinthia and Styria Football Associations. The Regionalliga West is made up of clubs from the Salzburg, Tirol and Vorarlberg Football Associations.

Styria Football Association
The Styria Football Association (German: Steirischer Fußball-Verband, StFV) is the umbrella organization of the football clubs of the Austrian state Styria. The StFV was founded in 1911 and has its headquarters in Graz.

The StFV is one of 8 regional organizations of the Austrian Football Association (German: Österreichischer Fußball-Bund,  ÖFB).

In 2015, StFV had 137,904 members from 335 football clubs with 2,293 teams.
Zdeňka Mocová
Zdeňka Mocová (born (1974-10-17)17 October 1974) is a Czech female former volleyball player. She was part of the Czech Republic women's national volleyball team.

She competed at the 1994 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship, and at the 2001 Women's European Volleyball Championship. On club level she played with Olymp Praga in 1994.

1994 FIVB Women's Volleyball World Championship
The 1994 FIVB Women's World Championship was the twelfth edition of the tournament, organised by the world's governing body, the FIVB. It was held from 17 to 30 October 1994 in São Paulo and Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Paata Machutadze
Paata Machutadze (Georgian: პაატა მაჭუტაძე; born 22 April 1968) is a former Georgian football striker.

Machutadze spent eighteen seasons at Dinamo Batumi where he won the Georgian Cup and Supercup. Individually, Machutadze was the five-time team topscorer in the mid-1990s. Being a member of the 100 club, he is the highest scoring player for a single team.

Erovnuli Liga
The Erovnuli Liga (Georgian: ეროვნული ლიგა; lit. 'National League') is the top division of professional top tier football in Georgia. Since 1990, it has been organized by the Professional Football League of Georgia and Georgian Football Federation. From 1927 to 1989, the competition was held as a regional tournament within the Soviet Union. From 2017, the Erovnuli Liga switched to a spring-autumn system, with only 10 clubs in the top flight.
Glenullin
Glenullin was previously a rural area but has now expanded to become a small village in a valley between the villages of Garvagh, Swatragh and Dungiven, and lies in the borough of Coleraine, County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. The nearest city is Derry which is 27 miles away. 'The Glen', as it is often known, is not an officially recognised administrative division but there is a strong local identity and an active community sector. Although the area has few amenities, the local Primary school, St Patrick's & St Joseph's Federated Primary School, and St Joseph's Catholic Church have particular prominence in the life of Glenullin.

Coleraine
Coleraine (/koʊlˈreɪn/ kohl-RAYN; from Irish: Cúil Raithin [ˌkuːlʲ ˈɾˠahənʲ], 'nook of the ferns') is a town and civil parish near the mouth of the River Bann in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland, of which it is the county town. It is 55 miles (89 km) north-west of Belfast and 30 miles (48 km) east of Derry, both of which are linked by major roads and railway connections. It is part of Causeway Coast and Glens district. Coleraine had a population of 24,483 people in the 2021 census.
Pani
Pāṇi is a surname used in India, found often in the state of Odisha (formerly Orissa). The surname Pāṇi is widely used in Orissa, Madhya Pradesh, and a large part of eastern and central India. This surname is used by Brahmins whose root is claimed to be traced to Ujjain of Madhya Pradesh and to the period of Kalidasa.

Kalidasa
Kālidāsa (Sanskrit: कालिदास, "Servant of Kali"; 4th–5th century CE) was a Classical Sanskrit author who is often considered ancient India's greatest poet and playwright. His plays and poetry are primarily based on Hindu Puranas and philosophy.  His surviving works consist of three plays, two epic poems and two shorter poems.

Much about his life is unknown except what can be inferred from his poetry and plays. His works cannot be dated with precision, but they were most likely authored before the 5th century CE during the Gupta era. Kalidas is mentioned as one of the seven Brahma avatars in Dasam Granth, written by Guru Gobind Singh.
Potosí Silversmithing School
The Potosí Silversmithing School (Spanish: Escuela Municipal de Plateria de Potosí) is a institute in Potosí, Bolivia, that offers courses and training in silversmithing. The school was established in November 2011 by an initiative of the municipal government of Potosí, the mining company Manquiri and the Chamber of Artisans. The school graduated its first chohort in early 2013 in a ceremony attended by vice president Álvaro García Linera. The school is supplied by high-purity silver (99.96%) by Manquiri. Both old and young are admitted as students with 17 years being the minimum age. The school as well as the processing of the making of silver from silver ore are part of a Bolivian industrialization effort.

Administratively, the school is part of the secretariat for economic development of the municipality of Potosí.

Mineral processing
Mineral processing is the process of separating commercially valuable minerals from their ores in the field of extractive metallurgy. Depending on the processes used in each instance, it is often referred to as ore dressing or ore milling.

Beneficiation is any process that improves (benefits) the economic value of the ore by removing the gangue minerals, which results in a higher grade product (ore concentrate) and a waste stream (tailings). There are many different types of beneficiation, with each step furthering the concentration of the original ore. Key is the concept of recovery, the mass (or equivalently molar) fraction of the valuable mineral (or metal) extracted from the ore and carried across to the concentrate.

Processing of rare-earth minerals, often found in mineral sands, is often done by a mineral separation plant.
Kang Kum-sil
Kang Kum-Sil (Korean: 강금실; born February 12, 1957) is a South Korean politician and a lawyer, and also served as the minister of justice from February 2003 to July 2004. She was the ruling Uri Party mayoral candidate for Seoul (lost to Oh Se-hoon of Grand National Party), and is a graduate of Seoul National University with a degree in Law.

Seoul National University
Seoul National University (SNU; Korean: 서울대학교; lit. 'Seoul University') is a public research university in Seoul, South Korea. Founded in 1946 by the merger of ten institutions in the Seoul area, it is one of the SKY universities and a part of the Flagship Korean National Universities.

The university's main campus is located in Gwanak, and two additional campuses are located in Daehangno and Pyeongchang. The university comprises sixteen colleges, one graduate school and nine professional schools. The student body consists of nearly 16,000 undergraduate and 16,000 graduate students.
Nordic skiing at the 1948 Winter Olympics
At the 1948 Winter Olympics, five Nordic skiing events were contested: three cross-country skiing events, one ski jumping event, and one Nordic combined event, all for men only.

Martin Lundström of Sweden won the 18 km in cross-country skiing. Nils Karlsson of Sweden won the 50 km. The Swedes, consisting of Nils Östensson, Gunnar Eriksson, Martin Lundström, and Nils Täpp, won the 4x10 km relay. Petter Hugsted of Norway won the large hill ski jump. Heikki Hasu of Finland won the Nordic combined.

Nils Östensson
Nils Holger Östensson (29 April 1918, Transtrand, Dalarna – 24 July 1949 at the same place) was a Swedish cross-country skier who competed in the 1940s. He won the 4 × 10 km relay gold and the 18 km silver at the 1948 Winter Olympics in St. Moritz.

Östensson also won the 18 km and 50 km events at the Holmenkollen ski festival in 1949.

He died in a motorcycle accident on 24 July 1949.
Château de Pregny
The Château de Pregny, sometimes referred to as the Rothschild Castle, is a castle in the municipality of Pregny-Chambésy of the Canton of Geneva in Switzerland.  It is a Swiss heritage site of national significance.

Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance
The Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance (German: Schweizerisches Inventar der Kulturgüter von nationaler und regionaler Bedeutung; French: Inventaire suisse des biens culturels d'importance nationale et régionale; Italian: Inventario dei beni culturali svizzeri d'importanza nazionale e regionale) is a register of cultural property in Switzerland. It was established according to article 5 of the second protocol to the Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict, which provides for the establishment of national registers of cultural property.
Goff Creek (Missouri)
Goff Creek is a stream in Stone County in the Ozarks of southwest Missouri. It is a tributary of the James River.

The headwaters are the junction of the East Prong Goff Creek and West Prong Goff Creek at 36°52′30″N 93°23′40″W﻿ / ﻿36.87500°N 93.39444°W﻿ / 36.87500; -93.39444 and the confluence with the James is at 36°53′12″N 93°24′24″W﻿ / ﻿36.88667°N 93.40667°W﻿ / 36.88667; -93.40667. The East Prong flows past Ponce de Leon and the West Prong flows north from Abesville on Missouri Route 176. The two converge and flow northwest under Missouri Route V and past White City on to join the James just south of the McCall Bridge.

Goff Creek has the name of John Goff, a pioneer settler.

Missouri supplemental route
A supplemental route is a state secondary road in the U.S. state of Missouri, designated with letters. Supplemental routes were various roads within the state which the Missouri Department of Transportation was given in 1952 to maintain in addition to the regular routes, though lettered routes had been in use from at least 1932. The four types of roads designated as Routes are:

Farm to market roads

Roads to state parks

Former alignments of U.S. or state highways

Short routes connecting state highways from other states to routes in Missouri

Supplemental routes make up 19,064 miles (30,681 km) (59%) of the state highway system.
Space Girl and Bird
Space Girl and Bird is a painting by graffiti artist Banksy. The spray painted on steel work was commissioned by Blur to serve as cover art for their album Think Tank. In 2007, it was sold at auction to an American bidder for £288,000, twenty times its estimate value.

Cover art
Cover art is a type of artwork presented as an illustration or photograph on the outside of a published product, such as a book (often on a dust jacket), magazine, newspaper (tabloid), comic book, video game (box art), music album (album art), CD, videotape, DVD, or podcast. Cover art can include various things such as logos, symbols, images, colors, or anything that represents what is being sold or advertised. The art has a commercial function (i.e., to promote the product it is displayed on), but can also have an aesthetic function, and may be artistically connected to the product (such as with art by, or commissioned by, the creator of the product).
Iran women's national under-20 football team
The Iran women's national under-20 football team represents Iran in international women's under-20 football in the AFC U-20 Women's Asian Cup and the FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup. It is controlled by the Iranian Football Federation.

AFC U-20 Women's Asian Cup
The AFC U-20 Women's Asian Cup is an association football tournament for women's national teams under the age of 20, organized by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) every two years, and serves as a qualifying competition for the FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup. It was first played in 2002 as the AFC U-19 Women's Championship with an upper age limit of 19. Starting from the 2022 edition, the age limit was raised to 20. Moreover, the tournament was rebranded from the "AFC U-19 Women's Championship" to the "AFC U-20 Women's Asian Cup".

The current champion is North Korea, which won the 2024 final 2–1 against Japan. Japan is also the most successful team in the tournament, having won six times.
Am Faochagach
Am Faochagach (953 m) is a mountain in the Northwest Highlands of Scotland. It is located in Wester Ross, north of the main road to Ullapool.

A rounded peak, it is surrounded by moorland and bogs, and a river crossing, which makes the approach to the mountain difficult from the road. However, the ascent itself is simpler.

Ullapool
Ullapool (/ˈʌləpuːl/; Scottish Gaelic: Ulapul [ˈul̪ˠapʰul̪ˠ]) is a village and port located in the civil parish of Lochbroom in the county of Ross and Cromarty, Scottish Highlands. It is located around 45 miles (70 kilometres) northwest of Inverness. According to the Scottish Government in 2016, the village had a population of 1,520 people, making it the largest settlement in Wester Ross.

Ullapool sits on a deep sea loch, Loch Broom, a significant natural harbour. As a result, Ullapool's port is regionally significant with ferries operated by Caledonian MacBrayne running from Ullapool to Stornoway on the Isle of Lewis. It also serves leisure craft, commercial fishing vessels and cruise ships.

The A835 road from Inverness to Durness passes through the village. This forms part of the scenic tourist route, the North Coast 500.
You Can Dream of Me
"You Can Dream of Me" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Steve Wariner.  It was released in November 1985 as the first single from the album Life's Highway.  The single stayed at number one for a single week and spent a total of twenty-two weeks on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.  Wariner wrote the song with former Orleans frontman John Hall.

Life's Highway
Life's Highway is the fourth studio album by American country music artist Steve Wariner. It was released in 1985 by MCA. Three singles were released from it in 1986, and the first two singles, including the title track, went to number-one. This album peaked at #22. Rodney Crowell later recorded "She's Crazy for Leaving" on his 1989 album Diamonds & Dirt.
A Studio in the Woods
A Studio in the Woods is a residency for artists and scholars located in New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. It is a part of the Bywater Institute of Tulane University. Its location is a mostly rural section of the lower Algiers section of the New Orleans urban area, along the west bank of the Mississippi River, occupying 7.66 acres (3.10 ha).

A Studio in the Woods was founded as a haven for artists to focus on their own creativity. As the studio evolved, it became a collaboration of artists and environmentalists, with an emphasis on science-inspired art education. A Studio in the Woods serves as an environmental preserve, and a theme of the studio is for art to explore environmental issues. It is therefore an example of arts-based environmental education.

Algiers, New Orleans
Algiers (/ælˈdʒɪərz/) is a historic neighborhood of New Orleans and is the only Orleans Parish community located on the West Bank of the Mississippi River. Algiers is known as the 15th Ward, one of the 17 wards of New Orleans. It was once home to many jazz musicians.