hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Linwood Mausoleum
The Linwood Mausoleum is a massive limestone structure in Linwood Cemetery, Paragould, Arkansas.  Occupying the highest ground in the cemetery, it is a rectangular single-story Classical Revival limestone structure, with stained-glass windows.  Its interior walls are finished with gray-veined white marble.  The entry is sheltered by a portico with Doric columns.  The mausoleum houses 170 crypts.  Built in 1920 by a group of private citizens, it was later conveyed to the city, and is (as of 2007) Arkansas' only known city-owned mausoleum.  It is also architecturally distinctive in the region for its heavy limestone construction and Classical Revival features.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.

Paragould, Arkansas
Paragould is a city in and the county seat of Greene County, and the 15th-largest city in Arkansas, in the United States. The city is located in northeastern Arkansas on the eastern edge of Crowley's Ridge, a geologic anomaly contained within the Arkansas Delta.

Paragould is the principal city of the Paragould, Arkansas Micropolitan Statistical Area and is also a part of the Jonesboro-Paragould Combined Statistical Area. The population of Paragould was 29,537 as of the 2020 Census, compared to 26,113 at the 2010 census.
Arzhan culture
52°04′18″N 93°37′55″E﻿ / ﻿52.071606°N 93.631836°E﻿ / 52.071606; 93.631836

Arzhan is a site of early Saka kurgan burials in the Tuva Republic, Russia, some 60 kilometers (40 mi) northwest of Kyzyl. It is on a high plateau traversed by the Uyuk River, a minor tributary of the Yenisei River, in the region of Tuva, 20 km to the southwest of the city of Turan.

The Arzhan culture is considered as forming the initial Scythian period (8th–7th century BC), and precedes the Pazyryk culture. The remains of Arzhan are among the earliest of all known Scythian cultures, which has led to suggestions that it is the origin of the Scythian "Animal Style". It is the first stage of the Saka Uyuk culture.

Turan, Tuva Republic
Turan (Russian: Тура́н; Tuvan: Туран) is a town and the administrative center of Piy-Khemsky District in the Tuva Republic, Russia, located 70 kilometers (43 mi) northwest of Kyzyl, the capital of the republic. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 4,981.
Peter Noikov
Peter Noikov (Bulgarian: Петър Нойков; April 27, 1868 – 1921) was a Bulgarian educator and the first Bulgarian professor in pedagogic.

Noikov was born in Yambol. He worked as a teacher and graduated from a secondary school in Sofia. In 1893 the Ministry of Education sent him to a course in Switzerland. The same year, he enrolled at the University of Leipzig, studying philosophy and pedagogy under Wilhelm Wundt, Friedrich Paulsen, Johannes Volkelt and Carl Stumpf. He made PhD in 1898 (under Volkelt).

He moved to Sofia University to teach, giving a wide range of lectures, as well as founding and running a research laboratory in pedagogy, didactics and child psychology.

Didactic method
A didactic method (from Greek: διδάσκειν didáskein, "to teach") is a teaching method that follows a consistent scientific approach or educational style to present information to students. The didactic method of instruction is often contrasted with dialectics and the Socratic method; the term can also be used to refer to a specific didactic method, as for instance constructivist didactics.
St Lawrence Church, Lechlade
The Anglican St Lawrence Church, dedicated to St. Lawrence of Rome, is the Church of England parish church of Lechlade in Gloucestershire, England. The church building is Grade I listed and is described with admiration in Simon Jenkins's England's Thousand Best Churches.

The current church was built on the site of an earlier one and was completed in 1476. The roof and parts of the structure were replaced following a fire in the early 16th century. Various refurbishments have been undertaken since, including the installation of a gallery in 1740. Percy Bysshe Shelley composed a poem after visiting the churchyard in 1815.

The church is notable for its eight-sided spire above the tower. The internal fixtures and fittings include a brass chandelier, 13th-century piscina and carvings including the figure of the martyrdom of St Agatha.

Simon Jenkins
Sir Simon David Jenkins FSA FRSL FLSW (born 10 June 1943) is a British author, a newspaper columnist and editor. He was editor of the Evening Standard from 1976 to 1978 and of The Times from 1990 to 1992.

Jenkins chaired the National Trust from 2008 to 2014. He currently writes columns for The Guardian.
Hokimate Harwood
Hokimate Pamela Harwood is a bicultural science researcher at Te Papa, New Zealand's national museum. She uses a background in biology and traditional Māori knowledge (Mātauranga Māori) to research historical Māori textiles.

Te Papa
The Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa is New Zealand's national museum and is located in Wellington.  Usually known as Te Papa (Māori for 'the treasure box'), it opened in 1998 after the merging of the National Museum of New Zealand and the National Art Gallery. An average of more than 1.1 million people visit every year, making it the 58th-most-visited art gallery in the world in 2023. Te Papa operates under a bicultural philosophy, and emphasises the living stories behind its cultural treasures.
Taylor Swift deepfake pornography controversy
In late January 2024, sexually explicit AI-generated deepfake images of American musician Taylor Swift were proliferated on social media platforms 4chan and X (formerly Twitter). Several artificial images of Swift of a sexual or violent nature were quickly spread, with one post reported to have been seen over 47 million times before its eventual removal. The images led Microsoft to enhance Microsoft Designer's text-to-image model to prevent future abuse. Moreover, these images prompted responses from anti-sexual assault advocacy groups, US politicians, Swifties, and Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella, among others, and it has been suggested that Swift's influence could result in new legislation regarding the creation of deepfake pornography.

A similar controversy emerged in August 2025, when The Verge reported AI image and video tool Grok Imagine generated sexually explicit images and videos of Swift from an otherwise innocuous text prompt.

Grok (chatbot)
Grok is a generative artificial intelligence (generative AI) chatbot developed by xAI. It was launched in November 2023 by Elon Musk as an initiative based on the large language model (LLM) of the same name. Grok has apps for iOS and Android and is integrated with the X social network and Tesla's Optimus robot. The chatbot is named after the verb grok, coined by American author Robert A. Heinlein to describe a form of understanding.

The bot has generated various controversial responses, including conspiracy theories, praise of Adolf Hitler, antisemitism, and creating nonconsensual, sexualized images of undressed women and children. It has also referred to Musk's views when asked about controversial topics or difficult decisions. Updates since 2023 have shifted the bot politically rightward to provide conservative responses to user queries.
Kuklice
Kuklice [kuˈklit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kobierzyce, within Wrocław County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland.

The name of the village is of Polish origin and comes from the word kukułka, which means "cuckoo".

Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Lower Silesian Voivodeship (Polish: województwo dolnośląskie, [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ dɔlnɔˈɕlɔ̃skjɛ] ⓘ) in southwestern Poland, is one of the 16 voivodeships (provinces) into which Poland is divided. It covers an area of 19,946 square kilometres (7,701 sq mi) and as of 2019 has a total population of 2,899,986.

It is one of the wealthiest provinces in Poland, as natural resources such as copper, brown coal and rock materials are widely present.

Its capital and largest city is Wrocław, situated on the Oder River. The voivodeship is host to several spa towns, many castles and palaces, and the Giant Mountains, with several ski resorts. For this reason, tourism is a large part of this region's economy.
Aunglan Township
Aunglan Township (Burmese: အောင်လံမြို့နယ်), formerly Myayde Township (Burmese: မြေထဲမြို့နယ်) is a township of Aunglan District in southern Magway Region, Myanmar.  Its administrative seat is Aunglan. It is the southeasternmost township in Magway Region. The township has two towns, Aunglan and Myede with a total of 12 urban wards as well as 246 villages grouped into 91 village tracts.

Townships of Myanmar
Townships (Burmese: မြို့နယ်, Mrui.nay; IPA: [mjo̰nɛ̀]) are the third-level administrative divisions of Myanmar. They are the sub-divisions of the districts of Myanmar. According to the Myanmar Information Management Unit (MIMU), as of December 2015, there are 330 townships in Myanmar.

Townships are the basic administrative unit of local governance and are the only type of administrative division that cover all of Myanmar. A township is administered by a township administrator, a civil servant appointed through the General Administration Department (GAD) of the Ministry of Home Affairs (MOHA). The minister of home affairs is to be appointed by the military according to the 2008 constitution. Townships are supervised by districts.
Fight or Flight (Star Trek: Enterprise)
"Fight or Flight" is the third episode (production #103) of the television series Star Trek: Enterprise. "Fight or Flight" was written by Brannon Braga and Rick Berman. The episode aired on UPN on October 3, 2001. Allan Kroeker served as director for the episode; he had previously directed "Endgame," the finale of Star Trek: Voyager.

The starship Enterprise encounters an alien ship that is their first chance of first contact, but find hull breaches and no activity. When Ensign Sato joins Captain Archer to investigate the ship, she soon faces her fears.

Brannon Braga
Brannon Braga (/ˈbrɑːɡə/; born August 14, 1965) is an American television producer, director and screenwriter. Best known for his work in the Star Trek franchise, Braga was a key creative force behind three of the franchise's live action series and is credited for writing on a total 107 episodes - the most of any writer in Star Trek's history. He later became an executive producer and writer on several Fox shows including 24, Terra Nova, and The Orville. His film credits include Mission: Impossible 2, Star Trek Generations and Star Trek: First Contact.

He served as an executive producer on the Fox primetime series, Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey, a re-launch of the 1980 miniseries hosted by Carl Sagan for which Braga won a Peabody Award, Critics Choice Award, and Producers Guild Award. In addition, Braga has been nominated for three Emmy Awards. Braga also served as writer, executive producer, and co-creator of the drama series Salem, WGN America's first original series.
Thomas Lynch (pitcher)
Thomas S. Lynch   (1863 – May 13, 1903) was an American professional baseball player. He played one game in the National League for the Chicago White Stockings (now known as the Chicago Cubs) during the 1884 season.

Lynch's sole appearance in a major league game occurred on August 5, 1884, when he pitched seven innings against the Cleveland Blues. He allowed four runs (two earned) on seven hits, while striking out two batters and walking three batters. He also played a part in of the game as the first baseman. Offensively, he had four at bats without recording a hit.

An uncorroborated letter to the editor in 1990 stated that Lynch was deaf (resulting in the nickname "Dummy") and attended Gallaudet University. A 1910 newspaper article recounted a past incident involving pitcher "Dummy" Lynch playing for a team from Danville, Illinois, along with John Grim. Grim was a contemporary of Thomas Lynch, adding some support to the 1990 letter.

Cleveland Blues (National League)
The Cleveland Blues were a Major League Baseball team based in Cleveland, Ohio, that operated in the National League from 1879 to 1884.  In six seasons their best finish was third place in 1880.  Hugh Daily threw a no-hitter for the Blues on September 13, 1883.  Besides Daily, notable Blues players included Jack Glasscock and Baseball Hall of Fame member Ned Hanlon. The team was purchased by Charles Byrne in 1885 for $10,000 and folded into his Brooklyn Grays team.
Michel-Pouliot Gaspé Airport
Michel-Pouliot Gaspé Airport or Gaspé (Michel-Pouliot) Airport (IATA: YGP, ICAO: CYGP) is located 3.5 nautical miles (6.5 km; 4.0 mi) west of Gaspé, Quebec, Canada. The airport is non-towered, but has a mandatory frequency linked remotely to the flight service station (FSS) located in Mont-Joli. There are instrument approaches available for poor weather.

Both the city and airport are located in a valley that is oriented in a more or less east–west direction, with the eastern end open to the ocean and the western end terminating in the highlands. For this reason, most small (i.e. unpressurized) aircraft prefer to approach from the east, thereby avoiding the steep descent over the high hills to the west.

Non-towered airport
In aviation, a non-towered airport is an airport without a control tower, or air traffic control (ATC) unit. In the United States, there are close to 20,000 non-towered airports compared to approximately 500 airports with control towers. Airports with a control tower without 24/7 ATC service follow non-towered airport procedures when the tower is closed but the airport remains open, for example at night.
Carole Naggar
Carole Naggar is a poet, photography historian, curator and painter. She is a regular contributor to Aperture, and Time Lightbox, and since 2014 she has been Series Editor for the Magnum Photos Legacy Biography series. She has written biographies of photographers George Rodger, Werner Bischof and David Seymour (photographer). She was the cofounder and Special Projects Editor  of Pixelpress from 1999-2006. Born in Egypt, she currently splits her time between New York and Paris.

Magnum Photos
Magnum Photos is an international photographic cooperative owned by its photographer-members, with offices in Paris, New York City and London. It was founded in 1947 in Paris by photographers Robert Capa, David "Chim" Seymour, Maria Eisner, Henri Cartier-Bresson, George Rodger, William Vandivert, and Rita Vandivert. Its photographers retain all copyrights to their own work.

In 2010, MSD Capital acquired a collection of nearly 200,000 original press prints of images taken by Magnum photographers, which in 2013 it donated to the Harry Ransom Center.
Jesmond Grech
Jesmond Grech (born 14 September 1963) is a Maltese novelist, historian, writer, and teacher. He was born at the Royal Navy Hospital Mtarfa in Malta, and spent his childhood and youth in Paola, Malta. He is married to Mary née Pace, with whom he has two children, Julian and Maria Cristina. He was educated at Paola Primary School, Mount Carmel College (Santa Venera, Malta), St. Paul's Missionary College (Malta) and the University of Malta (B.Ed., M.Ed.), and is History Head of Department at a Maltese state secondary school.

Grech is honorary member of St Andrew's Band Club, Luqa, Malta and is Honorary President of Siġġiewi Rowing Club. He lives in Siġġiewi with his family.

Bachelor of Education
A Bachelor of Education (B.Ed. or BEd) is an undergraduate academic degree which prepares students for work as a teacher in schools. A Bachelor of Education program typically lasts three to four years and combines both coursework and practical experience in educational settings. The curriculum is designed to provide foundational knowledge in pedagogy, educational psychology, teaching methodologies, and subject-specific training. Graduates of this program are equipped with the skills necessary to foster a supportive and effective learning environment for their students.
Jochen Balke
Joachim "Jochen" Balke (September 12, 1917 – MIA January 19, 1944) was a German breaststroke swimmer who won a gold medal at the 1938 London European Championship and competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics.

He was born in Dortmund and died during World War II.

In 1936 he finished sixth in the 200 metre breaststroke event.
In 1938 he finished first at the European Championship in London in the 200 m breaststroke event.

Breaststroke
Breaststroke is a swimming style in which the swimmer is on their chest and the torso does not rotate. It is the most popular recreational style due to the swimmer's head being out of the water a large portion of the time, and that it can be swum comfortably at slow speeds. In most swimming classes, beginners learn either the breaststroke or the freestyle (front crawl) first. However, at the competitive level, swimming breaststroke at speed requires endurance and strength comparable to other strokes. Some people refer to breaststroke as the "frog" stroke because the arms and legs move somewhat like a frog swimming in the water. The stroke itself is the slowest of any competitive strokes and is thought to be the oldest of all swimming strokes.
CCP Records
CCP Records (originally an acronym for Clive Calder Production) is a South African music entertainment company founded by Clive Calder and Ralph Simon. It is a production company. They envisioned the company while working for EMI South Africa in 1972. CCP Records was distributed by EMI Records South Africa. EMI purchased the company in that same year (the company is a wholly owned subsidiary of Universal Music Group since 2013 after buying most of EMI).

The company is the home to artists, musicians and recording producers such as Brenda Fassie, Sello Chicco Twala, Mara Louw, Pappa And Blonde, Steve Kekana, Camagwini, Mandoza, Mzekezeke, Dj Bongz, Brenda and the Big Dudes and Ringo Madlingosi.

Brenda Fassie
Brenda Nokuzola Fassie (3 November 1964 – 9 May 2004) was a South African singer, songwriter, dancer and activist. Affectionately called MaBrrr by her fans, she is also known as the "Queen of African Pop" or the "Madonna of the Townships". Fassie was a legendary figure in South African music, celebrated for her powerful voice, captivating stage presence, and commitment to social justice, often called one of the most influential and greatest musicians on the African Continent. Despite her outrageous and controversial stage presence, her name, Nokuzola, means "quiet", "calm", or "peace".
Praying Indians of Natick and Ponkapoag
The Praying Indians of Natick and Ponkapoag is a cultural heritage group that claims descendancy from Praying Indians in Massachusetts, including the Massachusett people, an Indigenous people of the Northeastern Woodlands.

While they identify as a Native American tribe, they are unrecognized, meaning they are neither a federally recognized tribe nor a state-recognized tribe.

Tribe (Native American)
In the United States, an American Indian tribe, Native American tribe, Alaska Native village, Indigenous tribe, or Tribal nation may be any current or historical tribe, band, or nation of Native Americans in the United States. Modern forms of these entities are often associated with land or territory of an Indian reservation. "Federally recognized Indian tribe" is a legal term in United States law with a specific meaning.

A Native American tribe recognized by the United States government possesses tribal sovereignty, a "domestic dependent, sovereign nation" status with the U.S. federal government that is similar to that of a state in some situations, and that of a nation in others, holding a government-to-government relationship with the federal government of the United States.
Rincaleus
Rincaleus is a Thracian god, known from a few epigraphic inscriptions found near Krinides, Philippi, Greece. He is identified as a "Great God" in the pantheon of the Sapei, and is presented as a horseman. The dedications were made by Roman citizens. The theonym is written in Latin. Probably Rincaleus is local deity and was syncretized with Apollo.

The Latin text of the shown inscription:

D(omino) Rinc(aleo) ex ip[erio]
L(ucius) Ac(cius) Venustus

Krinides
Krinides (Greek: Κρηνίδες, before 1926: Ράχτσα - Rachtsa) is a town in the Kavala regional unit in eastern Macedonia, Greece. It was the seat of the former municipality of Filippoi. The ruins of the ancient city Philippi are close to the town. Krinides is situated at the southwestern foot of the Lekanis hills, 13 km northwest of Kavala and 20 km southeast of Drama. The Greek National Road 12 between Drama and Kavala passes west of Krinides.
Elvebakken
Elvebakken (Norwegian), Joganjálbmi (Northern Sami), or Jovensuu (Kven) is one of the three boroughs that make up the town of Alta in Alta Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. It is located along the Altafjorden at the delta of the river Altaelva. It makes up the eastern part of the town. The European route E06 highway passes through this part of the town and Alta Airport is located on the shore of the fjord.

Northern Sámi
Northern Sámi (or North Sámi; US: /ˈsɑːmi/ SAH-mee, UK: also /ˈsæmi/ SAM-ee; Northern Sami: davvisámegiella [ˈtavːiːˌsaːmeˌkie̯lːa]; Finnish: pohjoissaame [ˈpohjoi̯sˌsɑːme]; Norwegian: nordsamisk; Swedish: nordsamiska; disapproved exonym Lappish or Lapp) is the most widely spoken of all Sámi languages. The area where Northern Sámi is spoken covers the northern parts of Norway, Sweden and Finland.
Halvor Kleppen
Halvor Kleppen (born 3 September 1947 in Bø, Telemark) is a Norwegian media personality, theme park owner and writer.

He was hired in Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation radio in 1973, and worked in the entertainment department. In the summer of 1982 he presented the show Sumarteltet, where he toured with a circus and made an entertainment show from that. In 1982 he was awarded the Se og Hør readers' TV personality of the year award. He left the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation later that year to become a freelancer. He later hosted the show Starshot on TVNorge, where celebrities were invited to try skeet shooting.

He also co-owns Bø Sommarland, a waterpark in Bø i Telemark. He has also hosted a TVNorge summer show from here, Sommer i Sommarland. He has written several books, mostly about local history or skiing. In 2007 he took a master's degree at Telemark University College.

Se og Hør
Se og Hør (Danish: [ˈseˀ ʌ ˈhɶɐ̯], Norwegian: [ˈseː ɔ ˈhøːr]) / Se & Hör (Swedish: [ˈseː ɔ ˈhœːr]; "See and Hear") is a TV guide and celebrity journalism magazine published in three independent versions in Denmark, Norway and Sweden by the Danish company Aller Media. The Danish version is the oldest. The Danish and Swedish editions are published weekly; the Norwegian, the largest of the three, twice a week. It is the largest circulation illustrated weekly in all three countries; the Norwegian version has sometimes had the largest weekly circulation in Scandinavia.
Ghoomketu
Ghoomketu is a 2020 Indian Hindi-language comedy drama film written and directed by Pushpendra Nath Misra. The film stars Nawazuddin Siddiqui, Ragini Khanna, Anurag Kashyap, Ila Arun, Raghuvir Yadav and Brijendra Kala in the main lead roles while also featuring Amitabh Bachchan, Ranveer Singh, Sonakshi Sinha and Chitrangada Singh in cameo appearances. The film was produced under two production banners Phantom Films and Sony Pictures Networks Productions, acquired by ZEE5. The plot based on an aspiring novice writer from a small town who runs away to Mumbai to achieve his dreams. The film was streamed via ZEE5 platform on 22 May 2020 instead of theatrical release due to COVID-19 pandemic in India.

Raghubir Yadav
Raghubir Yadav  is an Indian actor, music composer, singer and set designer who works in Hindi films. He made his film debut with Massey Sahib (1985), in which he played the title role. He has won two International Awards as Best Actor for Massey Sahib, FIPRESCI Critic's Award, Venice Film Festival, 1986 and the IFFI Best Actor Award (Male): Silver Peacock Award at the 11th International Film Festival of India, 1987. The film also featured writer and social activist in National School of Drama, New Delhi until 1977.