hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Affirmative defense
An affirmative defense to a civil lawsuit or criminal charge is a fact or set of facts other than those alleged by the plaintiff or prosecutor which, if proven by the defendant, defeats or mitigates the legal consequences of the defendant's otherwise unlawful conduct. In civil lawsuits, affirmative defenses include the statute of limitations, the statute of frauds, waiver, and other affirmative defenses such as, in the United States, those listed in Rule 8 (c) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. In criminal prosecutions, examples of affirmative defenses are self defense, insanity, entrapment and the statute of limitations.

Contributory negligence
In some common law jurisdictions, contributory negligence is a defense to a tort claim based on negligence. If it is available, the defense completely bars plaintiffs from any recovery if they contribute to their own injury through their own negligence.

Because the contributory negligence doctrine can lead to harsh results, many common law jurisdictions have abolished it in favor of a "comparative fault" or "comparative negligence" approach. A comparative negligence approach reduces the plaintiff's damages award by the percentage of fault the fact-finder assigns to the plaintiff for their own injury. For example, if a jury thinks the plaintiff is 30% at fault, the plaintiff's damages award will be reduced by 30%.
Hands (The Raconteurs song)
"Hands" is the second single from American rock band the Raconteurs' debut album, Broken Boy Soldiers. Released in the United Kingdom on July 31, 2006, one of the B-sides is a live rendition of "It Ain't Easy", a cover version of Ron Davies's song. The music video for "Hands" was shot at the Dikemark psychiatric hospital in Asker (outside Oslo), Norway on July 4, 2006.

Ron Davies (songwriter)
Ronny Wayne "Ron" Davies (January 15, 1946 – October 30, 2003) was an American songwriter and musician. He was described by CMT News at the time of his death as "the family's artistic trailblazer" although "less celebrated… than his [younger] sister, singer/songwriter and producer Gail Davies."
Anelosimus sulawesi
Anelosimus sulawesi is a small species of spiders in the family Theridiidae.  It is known only from Dumoga Bone National Park, Sulawesi, Indonesia.  The name derives from the location it was discovered. The holotype male is 2.00 millimetres (0.079 in) total length, while a female of the same species was measured to be 2.05 millimetres (0.081 in).  The coloration is brown with some white on the dorsal folium, similar to other species in Anelosimus.

Bogani Nani Wartabone National Park
Bogani Nani Wartabone National Park  is a 2,871 km2 (1,108 mi2) national park on Minahassa Peninsula on Sulawesi island, Indonesia. Formerly known as Dumoga Bone National Park, it was established in 1991 and was renamed in honour of Nani Wartabone, a local resistance fighter who drove the Japanese from Gorontalo during World War II. The park has been identified by Wildlife Conservation Society as the single most important site for the conservation of Sulawesi wildlife  and is home to many species endemic to Sulawesi.
We Love You (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark song)
"We Love You" is a song by the English electronic band Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark (OMD), released as the second single from their seventh studio album, The Pacific Age. It was originally written for the film Playing for Keeps (1986).

Playing for Keeps (1986 film)
Playing for Keeps is a 1986 American comedy film written and directed by brothers Bob and Harvey Weinstein. It stars Daniel Jordano, Matthew Penn and Leon W. Grant as a trio of inner-city teenagers attempting to strike it rich by turning a hotel into a rock 'n' roll resort. A then little-known Marisa Tomei has a supporting role.
Brush Creek (Osage Fork Gasconade River tributary)
Brush Creek is a stream in southern Laclede County in the U.S. state of Missouri. It is a tributary of the Osage Fork Gasconade River.

The stream headwaters arise about one mile northeast of Phillipsburg adjacent to I-44 at 37°33′51″N 92°47′01″W﻿ / ﻿37.56417°N 92.78361°W﻿ / 37.56417; -92.78361. The stream flows southeast under I-44 and then generally east passing under Missouri Route C and then route PP north of Morgan. It continues east to its confluence with the Osage Fork about 1.5 miles west of Missouri Route 5 at 37°32′12″N 92°37′18″W﻿ / ﻿37.53667°N 92.62167°W﻿ / 37.53667; -92.62167.

Brush Creek was named for the thick brush lining its course.

Morgan, Missouri
Morgan is an unincorporated community in southern Laclede County, Missouri, United States. It is located approximately eleven miles south of Lebanon at the intersection of Missouri Supplemental Routes J and PP. Conway is approximately seven miles to the west. The Osage Fork flows past 1.5 miles to the south.
Lebeau, Louisiana
Lebeau (also spelled LeBeau and originally known as Bayou Petite Prairie) is an unincorporated community and census designated place (CDP) in St. Landry Parish, Louisiana, United States, in the central part of the state. Nearby communities include Palmetto, Ville Platte and Washington. The community is part of the Opelousas–Eunice Micropolitan Statistical Area.  It is located at the intersection of U.S. Route 71 and Louisiana Highway 10.

Washington, Louisiana
Washington is a village in St. Landry Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 742 as of the 2020 census. It is part of the Opelousas–Eunice Micropolitan Statistical Area. Washington was the largest inland port between New Orleans and St. Louis for much of the 19th century.
Titus Simba
Titus Simba (born 30 November 1941, date of death unknown) was a Tanzanian boxer. He competed at the 1968 Summer Olympics and the 1972 Summer Olympics. At the 1968 Summer Olympics, he lost to Chris Finnegan of Great Britain. He also won a silver medal at the 1970 British Commonwealth Games in the middleweight category.

1970 British Commonwealth Games
The 1970 British Commonwealth Games were held in Edinburgh, Scotland, from 16 to 25 July 1970. This was the first time the name British Commonwealth Games was adopted, the first time metric units rather than imperial units were used in all events, and also the first time the event was held in Scotland.

Also, the event saw the first unique Games trademark logo: an emblem showing the Games emblem intertwined with a St Andrews Cross and a thistle. The event was followed by the 1970 Commonwealth Paraplegic Games for wheelchair athletes. The 1970 Games was one of the most successful in the history of the event.
TR postcode area
The TR postcode area, also known as the Truro postcode area, is a group of 27 postcode districts in South West England, within 15 post towns. These cover west Cornwall, including Truro, Penzance, Camborne, Falmouth, Hayle, Helston, Marazion, Newquay, Penryn, Perranporth, Redruth, St Agnes, St Columb and St Ives, plus the Isles of Scilly.

Camborne
Camborne (Cornish: Kammbronn, meaning "crooked hill") is a town and civil parish in Cornwall, England. At the 2021 census the population of the parish was 23,831 and the population of the built up area was 20,450. The town lies about 2 miles (3 km) inland, but the northern boundary of the parish is the coast, including Hell's Mouth and Deadman's Cove. The coast is followed by the South West Coast Path. As well as Camborne itself, the parish also includes a number of hamlets.

Camborne was formerly one of the most significant tin mining areas in the world. It is home to the Camborne School of Mines.
Softball at the 2014 Central American and Caribbean Games
The softball competition at the 2014 Central American and Caribbean Games was held in Veracruz, Mexico.

The tournament was scheduled to be held from 16–30 November at the Carlos Cerdan Arechavaleta Sports Unit.

2014 Central American and Caribbean Games
The 22nd Central American and Caribbean Games were held November 14–30, 2014 in Veracruz, Mexico. The Games featured 36 sports, with most occurred in Veracruz, but some occurred in Boca del Río, Xalapa, Córdoba, Tuxpan, and Coatzacoalcos.
Dellville Covered Bridge
The Dellville Covered Bridge is a wooden covered bridge located in Dellville Pennsylvania. It is a 174-foot-long (53 m), three span, burr truss bridge over Shermans Creek, built to replace a previous covered bridge constructed in 1889 by Andrew Clouser.

The original bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

On November 3, 2014, it was significantly damaged in a fire that police later ruled was arson. In 2017, work removing the burned and charred remains of the old Dellville Covered Bridge began, and in 2018, the work rebuilding the bridge began in earnest. By July 2019, the new replica bridge was completed at a cost of $966,000. In November 2019, two men were charged as juveniles for the arson.

Burr Truss
The Burr Arch Truss—or, simply, Burr Truss or Burr Arch—is a combination of an arch and a multiple kingpost truss design. It was invented in 1804 by Theodore Burr, patented on April 3, 1817, and used in bridges, usually covered bridges.
Tanacetum microphyllum
Tanacetum microphyllum is a species of flowering plant in the aster family, Asteraceae. It is endemic to the Iberian Peninsula.

The plant has been used for centuries in Spanish traditional medicine as an anti-inflammatory and antirheumatic. Compounds isolated from extracts of the plant include santin, ermanin, centaureidin, and hydroxyachillin.

Anti-inflammatory
Anti-inflammatory refers to any drug, substance or mechanism that reduces inflammation by lessening the redness, swelling, fever, or pain and loss of function which are part of bodies inflammatory response. Anti-inflammatory drugs are agents that inhibit action or production of inflammatory mediators such as cytokines, histamines and prostaglandins. These drugs reduce pain by inhibiting mechanisms of inflammation, as opposed to opioids, which affect the central nervous system to block pain.

Common anti-inflammatory drugs include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, antileukotrienes, and monoclonal antibodies.
Eicon
Eicon Networks Corporation, formerly Eicon Technology Corporation, is a privately owned designer, developer and manufacturer of communication products founded on October 12, 1984, with headquarters in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Eicon products are sold worldwide  through a large network of distributors and resellers, and supplied to OEMs.

In October 2006, Eicon purchased the Media & Signalling Division of Intel, known as Dialogic before its purchase by Intel in 1999, which produces telephony boards for PC servers.  The combined Eicon/Dialogic company changed its name to Dialogic Corporation at the time of the purchase. It is meanwhile known as Dialogic Inc.

Distributor
A distributor  is an electric and mechanical device used in the ignition system of older spark-ignition engines. The distributor's main function is to route electricity from the ignition coil to each spark plug at the correct time.
Janeway
Janeway is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Carol Brown Janeway (1944–2015), British editor and translator of many novels

Charles Janeway (1943–2003), American immunologist

Charles Alderson Janeway (1909–1981), American pediatrician

Edward Gamaliel Janeway (1841–1911), American physician

Eliot Janeway (1913–1993), American economist

Elizabeth Janeway (1913–2005), American author

Gertrude Janeway (1909–2003), American widow of Civil War veteran

Harold Janeway (1936–2020), American politician

James Janeway (1636–1674), English author

Margaret Janeway (1896–1981), American military physician in World War II

Theodore Caldwell Janeway (1872–1917), American physician

Eliot Janeway
Eliot Janeway (January 1, 1913 – February 8, 1993), born Eliot Jacobstein, was an American economist, journalist and author, widely quoted during his lifetime, whose career spanned seven decades.  For a time his ideas gained some influence within the administration of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, and he was an informal economic advisor to Lyndon B. Johnson, especially during Johnson's years in Congress, though he broke with Johnson over the economics of the Vietnam War.  His eclectic approach focused on the interaction between political pressures, economic policy and market trends.  He was at times a vigorous critic of the economic policies of presidents from Franklin D. Roosevelt to Ronald Reagan.  His enduring pessimism about U.S. economic prospects earned him the nickname "Calamity Janeway".
Duke Forest
Duke Forest is a forest managed by Duke University for research, teaching, and recreation.  It is located in the edge of the Piedmont (United States) in Durham County, Orange County, and Alamance County in North Carolina.  Four of its six divisions lie within the triangle formed by Durham, Chapel Hill, and Hillsborough.

Durham County, North Carolina
Durham County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 324,833, making it the sixth-most populous county in North Carolina. Its county seat is Durham, which is the only incorporated municipality predominantly in the county, though very small portions of cities and towns mostly in neighboring counties also extend into Durham County. The central and southern parts of Durham County are highly urban, consisting of the city as well as several unincorporated suburbs. Southeastern Durham County is dominated by the Research Triangle Park, most of which is in Durham County. The northern third of Durham County is rural in nature. Durham County is the core of the Durham–Chapel Hill, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Raleigh–Durham–Cary, NC Combined Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 2,368,947 in 2023.
Lindungan (state constituency)
Lindungan was a state constituency in Selangor, Malaysia, that was represented in the Selangor State Legislative Assembly from 1986 to 1995.

The state constituency was created in the 1984 redistribution and was mandated to return a single member to the Selangor State Legislative Assembly under the first past the post voting system.

Selangor State Legislative Assembly
The Selangor State Legislative Assembly (Malay: Dewan Negeri Selangor) is the unicameral state legislature of the Malaysian state of Selangor. The State Assembly is composed of 56 members representing single-member constituencies throughout the state. Elections are held no more than five years apart, and by Malaysian political convention, are conducted simultaneously with elections to the federal parliament and other state assemblies (except Sabah and Sarawak).

It convenes at the Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Building in the capital Shah Alam. Since 2008, Assembly proceedings have been broadcast live on the internet.
Greater Gentilly High School
Greater Gentilly High School was a high school in Gentilly, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. The Recovery School District (RSD) was the administer of the school.

The school opened in August 2009. It moved into a $39 million campus with capacity for 800 students; it was one of the first built as part of the RSD's $1.8 billion post-Hurricane Katrina facility overhaul. As of January 2011 the school had about 250 students. Around that time, the University of New Orleans charter school network launched a takeover attempt. Paul Vallas, CEO of the Recovery School District, argued that the takeover was necessary since the school was so small.

In July 2011, the school merged with Thurgood Marshall Early College High School to become Lake Area New Tech Early College High School.

Takeover
In business, a takeover is the purchase of one company (the target) by another (the acquirer or bidder). In the UK, the term refers to the acquisition of a public company whose shares are publicly listed, in contrast to the acquisition of a private company.

Management of the target company may or may not agree with a proposed takeover, and this has resulted in the following takeover classifications: friendly, hostile, reverse or back-flip. Financing a takeover often involves loans or bond issues which may include junk bonds as well as a simple cash offer. It can also include shares in the new company.
John Curtin House
John Curtin House Limited is a Canberra-based holding company owned by the Australian Labor Party (ALP), named after John Curtin House, a building in Barton, Canberra which was the former headquarters of the Australian Labor Party (ALP). The building is in turn named after the former Labor Prime Minister (1941–1945) and Fremantle MP (1928–1931; 1934–1945) John Curtin.

In 2002–2003, John Curtin House gave $1,235,000 to the Australian Labor Party, making it the ALP's single largest donor.

From 1992 to 2005, John Curtin House Limited was involved in a controversial scheme where the Australian National Audit Office paid above-market rent for premises at Centenary House, at a profit to the Labor Party.

Critics say John Curtin House Limited exists as a front to hide the identities of donors to the Australian Labor Party.

Australian National Audit Office
The Australian National Audit Office (ANAO) is the supreme audit institution of Australia, functioning as the national auditor for the Parliament of Australia and Government of Australia. It reports directly to the Australian Parliament via the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the President of the Senate. Administratively, the ANAO is located in the Prime Minister and Cabinet portfolio.

The current Auditor-General for Australia is Dr Caralee McLiesh PSM, who was appointed in August 2024 to commence in November 2024. McLiesh's appointment follows the resignation of the fifteenth Auditor-General Grant Hehir in February 2024.
Ogoki River
The Ogoki River is a river in the Thunder Bay and Cochrane Districts of Ontario. It springs from the wilderness just east of Savant Lake, flowing north of Lake Nipigon to Ogoki, where it joins the Albany River which empties into James Bay. The river is 480 kilometres (300 mi) long.

The Ogoki River is a  narrow, deep, slow-moving, and anastomosing river, with high sediment content. Rapids occur where the river crosses bedrock shelves. The Speckled Trout Rapids, a particularly large set of rapids, is located between Harrogate and Patience Lake. An extensive delta and estuary system has developed where the river enters Ogoki Lake.

The river, now mostly used for canoeing and fishing, was part of a canoe route from Hudson Bay to Lake Superior: via James Bay, Albany River, Ogoki River, portage to Ombabika River, Lake Nipigon, Nipigon River, and finally Lake Superior.

Portions of the river are protected in the Wabakimi Provincial Park and Ogoki River Provincial Park.

James Bay
James Bay (French: Baie James, pronounced [bɛ dʒɛmz]; Cree: ᐐᓂᐯᒄ, romanized: Wînipekw, lit. 'dirty water') is a body of water located on the southern end of Hudson Bay in Canada. It borders the provinces of Quebec and Ontario, and is politically part of Nunavut. Its largest island is Akimiski Island.

Numerous waterways of the James Bay watershed have been modified with dams or diversion for several major hydroelectric projects. These waterways are also destinations for river-based recreation. Several communities are located near or alongside James Bay, including a number of Aboriginal Canadian communities, such as the Kashechewan First Nation and nine communities affiliated with the Cree of northern Quebec.

As with the rest of Hudson Bay, the waters of James Bay routinely freeze over in winter. It is the last part of Hudson Bay to freeze over in winter, and the first to thaw in summer.
Search and Destroy (The Stooges song)
"Search and Destroy" is a song by American rock band the Stooges, recorded for the group's third album Raw Power (1973). Lead singer Iggy Pop said that the title was derived from a column heading in a Time article about the Vietnam War.

In 1997, "Search and Destroy" (along with the rest of the songs on Raw Power) was remixed and remastered by Pop and Bruce Dickinson. The result was far more aggressive and stripped down than the original release, which had been mixed by David Bowie.

In 2004, Rolling Stone ranked "Search and Destroy" at No. 468 on their list of "The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time". In 2009, it was named the 49th best hard rock song of all time by VH1.  The song has also been characterized as garage rock, glam rock, proto-punk and hard rock.

Jared Louche
Jared Louche (born Jared Hendrickson; December 11, 1960) is an American musician best recognized as the front-man of industrial rock outfit Chemlab. He also founded the band H3llb3nt and has collaborated with Pigface, Progrex.iv and Vampire Rodents. He released a solo album, titled Covergirl in 1999.
Eastcote
Eastcote is a suburban area in the London Borough of Hillingdon, in West London.

In the Middle Ages, Eastcote was one of the three areas that made up the parish of Ruislip, under the name of Ascot. The name came from its position to the east of the parish.

Eastcote housed an outstation of the Bletchley Park codebreaking activities during the Second World War, with several codebreaking computers in use. This operation became the precursor to GCHQ, which remained in Eastcote after the war until the department moved to purpose-built buildings in Cheltenham in 1952.

Lady Mary Bankes lived in Eastcote for a time, and led the defence of Corfe Castle in Dorset against the Roundheads during the English Civil War.

By the turn of the 20th century, the recorded population was around 600; this had reached 12,142 for the Eastcote and East Ruislip ward in 2007.

Part of Eastcote is in the Pinner postal district, despite being in Hillingdon rather than Harrow.

West London
West London is the western part of London, England, north of the River Thames, west of the City of London, and extending to the Greater London boundary.

The term is used to differentiate the area from the other parts of London: Central London, North London, East London and South London. West London was part of the historic county of Middlesex.
Mollaömerli
Mollaömerli is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Gülnar,  Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 111 (2022). It is situated in a plateau of Toros Mountains between Gülnar and Büyükeceli. Its distance to Gülnar is only  6 kilometres (3.7 mi) and to Mersin is 156 kilometres (97 mi). The village was founded in 1850. Main economic activity is farming. Various vegetables are produced.

Taurus Mountains
The Taurus Mountains (Turkish: Toros Dağları or Toroslar; Kurdish: Çiyayên Torosê) are a mountain complex in southern Turkey, separating the Mediterranean coastal region from the central Anatolian Plateau. The system extends along a curve from Lake Eğirdir in the west to the upper reaches of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers in the east. It is a part of the Alpide belt in Eurasia.
Thaleropia
Thaleropia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Myrtaceae first described as a genus in 1993. It is native to Queensland and Papuasia.

It includes three known species formally classified in the genus Metrosideros:

Thaleropia hypargyrea (Diels) Peter G.Wilson - New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Santa Cruz Islands

Thaleropia iteophylla (Diels) Peter G.Wilson - New Guinea

Thaleropia queenslandica (L.S.Sm.) Peter G. Wilson - Queensland

Papuasia
Papuasia is a Level 2 botanical region defined in the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD). It lies in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, in the Melanesia ecoregion of Oceania and Tropical Asia.

It comprises the following geographic and political entities:

Aru Islands (Indonesia; treated as part of Western New Guinea in the Scheme)

New Guinea
Papua New Guinea
Western New Guinea (Indonesia)

Solomon Islands (archipelago)
Bougainville
Solomon Islands (excluding the Santa Cruz Islands)