hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Illawarra Grammar School
The Illawarra Grammar School, abbreviated as TIGS or Illawarra Grammar, is an independent Anglican comprehensive co-educational early learning, primary and secondary day school, located at Mangerton in the Illawarra region of New South Wales, Australia. The school caters for approximately 1,100 students from early learning to Year 12. TIGS offers an early learning program for students between 3 and 5 years of age called TIGS Prep (previously titled, The Piper Centre). The School employs 97 teaching staff and 48 non-teaching staff. A total enrolment of 778 students consists of 407 boys and 371 girls as of 2019.

Year 12
Year 12 is an educational year group in schools in many countries including England, Wales, Northern Ireland, Australia and New Zealand. It is sometimes the twelfth or thirteenth year of compulsory education, or alternatively a year of post-compulsory education. It usually incorporates students aged between 16 and 18, depending on the locality. It is also known as "senior year" in parts of Australia, where it is the final year of compulsory education. Year Twelve in England and Wales, and in New Zealand, is the equivalent of Eleventh grade, junior year, or grade 11 in the US and parts of Canada.
David Lee (archdeacon of Bradford)
David John Lee (born 31 January 1946) is a former Archdeacon of Bradford in the Church of England Diocese of Leeds. On retirement as an archdeacon he was made archdeacon emeritus and given a co-ordinating role for mission resources in the diocese until his expected retirement in 2016.

Lee was educated at Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge and ordained after an earlier career as a schoolmaster in 1978. After a curacy at St Margaret's, Putney he became a Lecturer: firstly in Theology at the Bishop Tucker College in  Mukono, Uganda (1980–1986); and then in Missiology at Selly Oak College, Birmingham (1986–1991). He was Rector of Middleton and St Chad's Church, Wishaw from 1991 to 1996 when he became Director of Mission for the Diocese of Birmingham and a canon residentiary at the city's cathedral: posts he held until his appointment as an archdeacon.

Anglican Diocese of Birmingham
The Diocese of Birmingham is a diocese founded in 1905 in the Church of England's Province of Canterbury, covering the north-west of the traditional county of Warwickshire, the south-east of the traditional county of Staffordshire and the north-east of the traditional county of Worcestershire (now the central section of the West Midlands and small parts of south Staffordshire, north Warwickshire and north Worcestershire) in England.
Bavaripsitta
Bavaripsitta ballmanni is a prehistoric parrot described from a fossil tarsometatarsus found in middle Miocene freshwater deposits in the Nördlinger Ries of western Bavaria in Southern Germany. It is the only species in the genus Bavaripsitta. The generic name derives from "Bavaria", and a diminutive form of the Latin for "parrot".  The specific epithet honours Peter Ballmann, who first recognised the described material as coming from a parrot, for his work on the fossil birds of Nördlinger Ries.

Middle Miocene
The Middle Miocene is a sub-epoch of the Miocene epoch made up of two stages: the Langhian and Serravallian stages. The Middle Miocene is preceded by the Early Miocene, and followed by the Late Miocene.

The sub-epoch lasted from 15.97 ± 0.05 Ma (million years ago) to 11.608 ± 0.005 Ma. During this period, a sharp drop in global temperatures took place. This event is known as the Middle Miocene Climatic Transition.

For the purpose of establishing European land mammal ages, this sub-epoch is equivalent to the Astaracian age.
Coastline of Malta
The coastline of Malta consists of bays, sandy beaches, creeks, harbours, small villages, cities, cliffs, valleys, and other interesting sites. Here, there is a list of these different natural features that are found around the coast of Malta.

Żurrieq
Żurrieq (Maltese: Iż-Żurrieq [ɪzːʊˈrːɪːʔ]) is a town in the Western Region of Malta. It is one of the oldest towns in the country, and has a population of 11,823 inhabitants as of March 2014. Żurrieq is one of the 10 parishes to be documented in 1436 and is dedicated to Saint Catherine. The island of Filfla is administratively a part of the town. The town stretches from Nigret to Ħal Far. In old times the town had a border with Żejtun. The village of Qrendi used to be part of the parish of Żurrieq until 1618 when it was made into its own parish.

Żurrieq is part of District 5 and votes for the local council every five years. The council is made up of nine members, one of them is the mayor.
Lichfield Court
Lichfield Court, on Sheen Road in Richmond, London, consists of two Grade II listed purpose-built blocks of flats. Designed by Bertram Carter and built in fine Streamline Moderne style, it was completed in 1935.

Streamline Moderne
Streamline Moderne is an international style of Art Deco architecture and design that emerged in the 1930s. Inspired by aerodynamic design, it emphasized curving forms, long horizontal lines, and sometimes nautical elements. In industrial design, it was used in railroad locomotives, telephones, buses, appliances, and other devices to give the impression of sleekness and modernity.

In France, it was called the style paquebot, or "ocean liner style", and was influenced by the design of the luxury ocean liner SS Normandie, launched in 1932.
Ranjatai
The Ranjatai (Japanese: 蘭奢待) is a log of fragrant agarwood currently placed in the Shōsōin repository in the Tōdai-ji. The wood was first imported into Japan during the Nara period in the 8th century. It is considered a famous piece of incense wood due to its proximity and circumstance of the spread of Japanese Buddhism. It is claimed to have been placed in the repository by Empress Kōmyō in memory of Emperor Shōmu.

It currently remains under the ownership of the Shōsōin under the Imperial Household Agency and is displayed occasionally at the Nara National Museum as part of the repository's annual exhibit. It is catalogued as 中倉135 (Middle Section 135) in the warehouse.

Buddhism in Japan
Buddhism was first established in Japan in the 6th century CE. Most of the Japanese Buddhists belong to new schools of Buddhism which were established in the Kamakura period (1185－1333). During the Edo period (1603–1868), Buddhism was controlled by the feudal Shogunate. The Meiji period (1868–1912) saw a strong response against Buddhism, with persecution and a forced separation between Buddhism and Shinto (Shinbutsu bunri).

The largest sects of Japanese Buddhism are Pure Land Buddhism with 22 million believers, followed by Nichiren Buddhism with 10 million believers, Shingon Buddhism with 5.4 million, Zen Buddhism with 5.3 million, Tendai Buddhism with 2.8 million, and only about 700,000 for the six old schools established in the Nara period (710－794).
Management of thalassemia
Treatment of the inherited blood disorder thalassemia depends upon the level of severity. For mild forms of the condition, advice and counseling are often all that are necessary. For more severe forms, treatment may consist in blood transfusion; chelation therapy to reverse iron overload, using drugs such as deferoxamine, deferiprone, or deferasirox; medication with the antioxidant indicaxanthin to prevent the breakdown of hemoglobin; or a bone marrow transplant using material from a compatible donor, or from the patient's mother. Removal of the spleen (splenectomy) could theoretically help to reduce the need for blood transfusions in people with thalassaemia major or intermedia but there is currently no reliable evidence from clinical trials about its effects. Population screening has had some success as a preventive measure.

Splenectomy
A splenectomy is the surgical procedure that partially or completely removes the spleen. The spleen is an important organ in regard to immunological function due to its ability to efficiently destroy encapsulated bacteria. Therefore, removal of the spleen runs the risk of overwhelming post-splenectomy infection, a medical emergency and rapidly fatal disease caused by the inability of the body's immune system to properly fight infection following splenectomy or asplenia.

Common indications for splenectomy include trauma, tumors, splenomegaly or for hematological disease such as sickle cell anemia or thalassemia.
Morningside Cemetery, Edinburgh
Morningside Cemetery is a cemetery in south Edinburgh. It was established in 1878 by the Metropolitan Cemetery Company, originally just outwith the then city boundary, the nearest suburb then being Morningside. It extends to just over 13 acres in area. The cemetery contains 81 war graves. The cemetery contains the graves of several important female figures; including a female air commandant, Scotland's first female surgeon, the first female Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh, and many church missionaries.  Sir Edward Victor Appleton GBE KCB FRS (6 September 1892 – 21 April 1965) who was an English physicist, Nobel Prize winner (1947) and pioneer in radiophysics is also buried here.

Radiophysics
Radiophysics (also modern writing radio physics) is a branch of physics focused on the theoretical and experimental study of certain kinds of radiation, its emission, propagation and interaction with matter.

The term is used in the following major meanings:

study of radio waves (the original area of research)

study of radiation used in radiology

study of other ranges of the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation in some specific applications

Among the main applications of radiophysics are radio communications, radiolocation, radio astronomy and radiology.
TMK 201
TMK 201 was a type of four-axle tramcar produced by the Đuro Đaković factory (from Slavonski Brod) that mainly operated in Zagreb, the capital of Croatia. Previously, it was also used in Belgrade from 1970 to 1991. The first tram of this type was received by ZET (the public transportation company in Zagreb) on 31 December 1973, and the thirtieth-and-last of the type was delivered in June 1974. The new tram model was first put in service on 22 January 1974. Four vehicles remained actively involved in the transport of passengers, and some were used for the production of TMK 2100 in the 1990s. The last two vehicles completed their service for lines 2 and 12 on 13 June 2025, then the next day for line 11; the last day of service was 15 June on line 9. They were replaced by new TMK 2400 trams.

Zagreb Electric Tram
The Zagreb Electric Tram (Croatian: Zagrebački električni tramvaj, ZET) is the transit authority responsible for public transport in Zagreb, the capital of Croatia, and parts of the surrounding Zagreb County.

ZET operates an extensive bus system, 19 tram lines (15 daytime lines and 4 nighttime lines), a gondola lift and a funicular line. Historically, ZET workshops also produced trams (namely, types M-22, M-24 and three TMK 101 prototypes). The vehicles are painted in blue, a recognizable symbol of the city's public transport. ZET offers free public transportation to all citizens over 65 and under 18 years old, starting in 2024 and 2025 respectively.
Chkrootkit
chkrootkit (Check Rootkit) is a Unix-based program intended to help system administrators check their system for local signs of known rootkits.  It is a shell script using common UNIX/Linux tools like the strings and grep commands to search core system programs for signatures and for comparing a traversal of the /proc filesystem with the output of the ps (process status) command to look for discrepancies.

It can be used from a rescue disc (typically a live CD) or it can optionally use an alternative directory from which to run all of its commands.  These techniques allow chkrootkit to trust the commands upon which it depends a bit more.

There are inherent limitations to the reliability of any program that attempts to detect compromises (such as rootkits and computer viruses). Newer rootkits may specifically attempt to detect and compromise copies of the chkrootkit programs or take other measures to evade detection by them.

Tree traversal
In computer science, tree traversal (also known as tree search and walking the tree) is a form of graph traversal and refers to the process of visiting (e.g. retrieving, updating, or deleting) each node in a tree data structure, exactly once. Such traversals are classified by the order in which the nodes are visited. The following algorithms are described for a binary tree, but they may be generalized to other trees as well.
Jenny Donnet
Jennifer Barbara Donnet (born 26 May 1963) is a retired Australian competitive diver.

She was the first woman in any sport to represent Australia at four Olympic Games, competing in 1980 (Moscow), 1984 (Los Angeles), 1988 (Seoul) and 1992 (Barcelona).  She was the Olympic Team Captain and Australian flag bearer at the Opening Ceremony of the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona.

Donnet won gold medals in the 3m springboard event at the 1982 and 1990 Commonwealth Games, and silver in the event at the 1986 Games. She is a member of the Australian Diving Hall of Fame.

Her father, Tom Donnet, was an Olympic Diving Coach and her mother, Barbara McAulay, was also a diver who won gold and silver medals in the 1954 Empire and Commonwealth Games (Vancouver), and competed at the 1956 Melbourne Olympics.

Aquatics at the 1990 Commonwealth Games
Aquatics at the 1990 Commonwealth Games was the 14th appearances of both Swimming at the Commonwealth Games and Diving at the Commonwealth Games. It also featured the second appearance of Synchronised swimming at the Commonwealth Games. Competition featured 6 diving events, 32 swimming events and 3 synchronised swimming events, held in Auckland, New Zealand, from 24 January to 3 February 1990.

The events were held at the West Auckland Swimming Centre on Alderman Drive in Henderson. The venue had been specifically built for the Games but faced late issues relating to the 3,200 grandstand seating. It was however described as technologically advanced with a variable floor and movable bulkhead.

Australia topped the aquatics medal table with 24 gold medals.

*   Host nation (New Zealand)
Curtain call
A curtain call (often known as a walkdown or a final bow) occurs at the end of a performance when one or more performers return to the stage to be recognized by the audience for the performance. In musical theatre, the performers typically recognize the orchestra and its conductor at the end of the curtain call. Luciano Pavarotti holds the record for receiving 165 curtain calls, more than any other artist, for his February 24, 1988, performance of Nemorino in Gaetano Donizetti's L'elisir d'amore.

L'elisir d'amore
L'elisir d'amore (pronounced [leliˈzir daˈmoːre]; The Elixir of Love) is a melodramma giocoso (comic melodrama, opera buffa) in two acts by the Italian composer Gaetano Donizetti. Felice Romani wrote the Italian libretto, after Eugène Scribe's libretto for Daniel Auber's Le philtre (1831). The opera premiered on 12 May 1832 at the Teatro della Canobbiana in Milan and has remained continually in the international opera repertory.
Terminal 1 of Shuangliu International Airport station
Terminal 1 of Shuangliu International Airport (Chinese: 双流机场1航站楼) is a station on Line 10 of the Chengdu Metro in China. It was opened on 6 September 2017. The station serves Terminal 1 of Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport.

Chengdu Metro
The Chengdu Metro is the rapid transit system of Chengdu, the capital of Sichuan, China. The system opened with Line 1 on 27 September 2010, and the system now has seventeen subway lines and one light rail line. It has subsequently undergone rapid expansion. Since the opening of Lines 6, 8, 9, and 17 on 18 December 2020, the Chengdu Metro is the 4th longest metro system in the world.

There are currently (September 2025) 17 operating subway lines totaling 721.3 km (448.2 mi) of track, and 1 tram line (Line T2) covering 39.3 km (24.4 mi). The Chengdu Metro serves about 6 million trips per day. As of 2021, about 2.2 million and 4.6 million people live within 500 and 800 metres (1,640 and 2,625 ft) of a subway station in Chengdu, respectively.
Lewellen (surname)
Lewellen is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Hope Lewellen (born 1967), American Paralympic volleyball player

John M. Lewellen (1930–2017), American politician

Jonathan Lewellen, American economist

Royce R. Lewellen, American judge

Ted C. Lewellen (1940–2006), American anthropologist

Verne Lewellen (1901–1980), American football player and executive

Wayne Lewellen (1944–2009), American film distribution executive and producer

Wilhelmina Lewellen (born 1937), American politician

Wayne Lewellen
Allen Wayne Lewellen (February 16, 1944 – March 27, 2009) was an American film distribution executive and producer for Paramount Pictures.

A native Texan, Lewellen began his career in 1965, aged 21, at Warner Bros.' Dallas branch. He began heading the distribution unit for the studio's motion picture group in 1986 and added foreign distribution to his duties in 1993.

During his tenure, he was responsible for distributing such films as Forrest Gump, Titanic, Top Gun, Fatal Attraction, Beverly Hills Cop and the Star Trek film series.  Lewellen left the studio at the end of 2005, after reportedly having been forced out by film executive Brad Grey.
Andrew Trim
Andrew Trim (born 30 December 1968 in Sydney, New South Wales) is an Australian flatwater canoeist who competed from the early 1990s to the early 2000s (decade). Competing in three Summer Olympics, he won two medals in the K-2 500 m event with a silver in 2000 and a bronze in 1996, with canoeing partner Daniel Collins.

Trim and Collins also won two medals in the K-2 500 m event at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with a gold in 1997 and a bronze in 1999. He was an Australian Institute of Sport scholarship for the periods 1989–1990, 1992 and 1995–1996.

He entered into real estate, serving as principal of Johnson Real Estate in Birkdale. Trim later became a member of the Liberal National Party and candidate in the 2006 Queensland State Election for the state seat of Cleveland. Trim lost to the new Labor Party candidate, Phil Weightman.

Australian Institute of Sport
The Australian Institute of Sport (AIS) is a high performance sports training institution in Australia. The institute's 66-hectare (163-acre) headquarters were opened in 1981 and are situated in the northern suburb of Bruce, Canberra. The AIS is a division of the Australian Sports Commission (ASC).
Kanlaon
Kanlaon, also known as Mount Kanlaon and Kanlaon Volcano (Hiligaynon: Bolkang Kanglaon; Cebuano: Bolkang Kanglaon; Filipino: Bulkang Kanlaon), is an active andesitic stratovolcano and the highest mountain on the island of Negros in the Philippines, as well as the highest peak in the Visayas, with an elevation of 2,465 m (8,087 ft) above sea level. Mount Kanlaon ranks as the 42nd-highest peak of an island in the world.

The volcano straddles the provinces of Negros Occidental and Negros Oriental, approximately 30 km (19 mi) southeast of Bacolod, the capital and most populous city of Negros Occidental and the whole island. It is one of the active volcanoes in the Philippines and part of the Pacific Ring of Fire.

Andesite
Andesite (/ˈændəzaɪt/) is a volcanic rock of intermediate composition. In a general sense, it is the intermediate type between silica-poor basalt and silica-rich rhyolite. It is fine-grained (aphanitic) to porphyritic in texture, and is composed predominantly of sodium-rich plagioclase plus pyroxene or hornblende.

Andesite is the extrusive equivalent of plutonic diorite. Characteristic of subduction zones, andesite represents the dominant rock type in island arcs. The average composition of the continental crust is andesitic.  Along with basalts, andesites are a component of the Martian crust.

The name andesite is derived from the Andes mountain range, where this rock type is found in abundance. It was first applied by Christian Leopold von Buch in 1826.
İncedere, Kemah
İncedere (Kurdish: Dere Tinixi) is a village in the Kemah District of Erzincan Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds and had a population of 15 in 2021.

The hamlet of Nadaroğlu is attached to the village. Nadaroğlu is populated by Kurds of the Çarekan tribe.

Villages of Turkey
A village (Turkish: köy, karye in the Ottoman era) is the second smallest settlement unit in Turkey.

The 51 regular provinces of Turkey and 30 province-level metropolitan municipalities are divided into districts.

A 2013 reform converted all 16,803 villages in the metropolitan municipalities, into neighborhoods (Turkish: mahalle) of the districts.

Remaining villages are in the rural areas of the districts in regular provinces, and have about 8.7% of the country's population. Each village or neighborhood elects a muhtar. Some more populous villages have been incorporated as towns (Turkish: belde), but in the others, the muhtar is responsible for all village services.

As of 2023, there are 18,277 villages and 32,261 neighbourhoods in Turkey.
Montigny, Sarthe
Montigny (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃tiɲi] ⓘ) is a former commune in the Sarthe department in the region of Pays de la Loire in north-western France. In 2015 it became part of Villeneuve-en-Perseigne. Its population was 23 in 2022.

Sarthe
Sarthe (French pronunciation: [saʁt] ⓘ) is a department of the French region of Pays de la Loire, and the province of Maine, situated in the Grand-Ouest of the country. It is named after the river Sarthe, which flows from east of Le Mans to just north of Angers. It had a population of 566,412 in 2019.
George Ryan (Canadian politician)
George Ryan (August 12, 1806 – February 5, 1876) was a New Brunswick farmer and political figure. He represented King's in the 1st Canadian Parliament as a Liberal member.

He was born in Pointe de Bute, New Brunswick in 1806, the son of James Ryan, and moved to Studholm in Kings County with his family in 1814. In 1827, he married Miriam, the daughter of Samuel Freeze, a former member of the provincial assembly. Ryan represented Kings in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1850 to 1856, from 1861 to 1865 and in 1866; he was elected to the same seat in the House of Commons following Confederation.

Kings County, New Brunswick
Kings County  is located in southern New Brunswick, Canada. Its historical shire town is Hampton and it was named as an expression of loyalty to the British Crown. Both the Saint John and Kennebecasis rivers pass through the county.

Approximately half of the Kings County population of 71,184 (as of 2021) lives in suburbs of the nearby city of Saint John.
Electric go-kart
An electric go-kart is a type of go-kart powered by electric motors and batteries or supercapacitors, as opposed to a traditional petrol engine.

As of 2022, electric go-karts are mostly used for rental go-karts for recreational usage. For serious kart racing, traditional 2-stroke petrol engines are mostly used, but development of high-performance electric karts is taking place and races are already being held with electric go-karts.

In 2018, the FIA and the International Olympic Committee joined forces to introduce electric karting as the first motorsport in the Youth Olympics, with the aim of having the first championship at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris.

Petrol engine
A petrol engine (gasoline engine in American and Canadian English) is an internal combustion engine that runs on petrol (gasoline). Petrol engines can often be adapted to also run on fuels such as liquefied petroleum gas and ethanol blends (such as E10 and E85). They may be designed to run on petrol with a higher octane rating, as sold at petrol stations.

Most petrol engines use spark ignition, unlike diesel engines which run on diesel fuel and typically use compression ignition. Another key difference to diesel engines is that petrol engines typically have a lower compression ratio.