hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Andrzej Niemczyk
Andrzej Ryszard Niemczyk (16 January 1944 – 2 June 2016) was a Polish volleyball player and coach.

He was the coach of the Poland women's national volleyball team that competed at the 2003 Women's European Volleyball Championship, and the 2005 Women's European Volleyball Championship.

Niemczyk was the true father of Kinga Maculewicz, according to her own statement and who has represented France, and father of Maculewicz's half-sisters Małgorzata, Saskia and Natascha. All of his daughters are also volleyball players.

2003 Women's European Volleyball Championship
The 2003 Women's European Volleyball Championship was the 23rd edition of the event, organised by Europe's governing volleyball body, the Confédération Européenne de Volleyball. It was hosted in Ankara, Turkey from 20 to 28 September 2003.

The two finalists Poland and Turkey claimed a ticket for the 2003 FIVB Women's World Cup and the first Olympic Qualification Tournament for the 2004 Summer Olympics held in Japan in November. The first six ranked teams (Poland, Turkey, Netherlands, Germany, Italy, and Russia) qualified for the European Olympic Qualification Tournament in Baku, from 5 to 10 January 2004. Semifinalists Turkey, Germany, Poland and the Netherlands also automatically qualified for the 2005 Women's European Championships, which took place in Croatia. Defending champion Russia finished out of the medals for the first time in volleyball history.
Northern white-fringed antwren
The northern white-fringed antwren (Formicivora intermedia) is an insectivorous bird in subfamily Thamnophilinae of family Thamnophilidae, the "typical antbirds". It is found in mainland Colombia and Venezuela, on the Pearl Islands of Panama, and on the islands of Tobago and Margarita.

Monagas
Monagas State (Spanish: Estado Monagas, IPA: [esˈtaðo moˈnaɣas]) is one of the 23 states of Venezuela.

Monagas State covers a total surface area of 28,900 km2 (11,200 sq mi) and, as of the 2011 census, had a population of 905,443.

Monagas State is surrounded by Sucre State in the north, Anzoátegui State in the west and south, Bolívar State in the south, Delta Amacuro State in the south and east and the Paria Gulf in the northeast.

The state is named after the general and president of Venezuela José Tadeo Monagas, native from this state, and his brother and fellow president José Gregorio Monagas, native from the neighbor Anzoátegui State.

The capital of the state is Maturín.
Richard Walpole
Richard Walpole (1728–1798) was a British politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1768 to 1784.

Walpole was born on 5 December 1728, the son of Horatio Walpole of Wolterton Hall and his wife Mary Magdalen Lombard. He was captain of an East Indiaman until 1758. He married Margaret Vanneck, daughter of Sir Joshua Vanneck, 1st Baronet, on 22 November 1757. He then became a banker and joined the London firm of Cliff, Walpole and Clarke. In 1763 he acted as agent for Clive and the East India Company opposition in creating voting qualifications.

In 1763 Walpole's brother Thomas, suggested him to Newcastle as a candidate for a vacancy at Lewes but he did not stand. In 1768 he was returned unopposed as Member of Parliament for Great Yarmouth on his family interest. He was re-elected for Great Yarmouth after a contest in 1774 and was elected again in 1780. He did not stand in 1784.

Walpole died on 18 August 1798.

Great Yarmouth (UK Parliament constituency)
Great Yarmouth is a constituency in Norfolk represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2024 by Rupert Lowe.
Elected for Reform UK, Lowe had the whip suspended in March 2025 following allegations of bullying and allegations of threats of physical violence against Reform UK party chairman Zia Yusuf. He currently sits as an independent.
Kiyohara no Motosuke
Kiyohara no Motosuke (清原 元輔; 908 – June 990) was a Heian period waka poet and Japanese nobleman. His daughter was the Heian poet and author Sei Shōnagon, famous today for writing The Pillow Book. He is designated a member of the Thirty-six Poetry Immortals, and one of his poems is included in the famous Ogura Hyakunin Isshu. His court career included terms as governor of Kawachi Province and Higo Province.

As one of the Five Men of the Pear Chamber (梨壺の五人), Kiyohara no Motosuke assisted in the compilation of the Gosen Wakashū. This group also compiled kundoku (訓読) readings for texts from the Man'yōshū.

His poems are included in several official poetry anthologies, including the Shūi Wakashū. A personal collection known as the Motosukeshū (元輔集) also remains.

Shūi Wakashū
The Shūi Wakashū (拾遺和歌集; "Collection of Gleanings"), often abbreviated as Shūishū, is the third imperial anthology of waka from Heian period Japan. It was compiled by Emperor Kazan in about 1005. Its twenty volumes contain 1,351 poems.  The details of its publication and compilation are unclear.

The Shūishū was an expansion of Fujiwara no Kintō's earlier anthology, the Shūishō (拾遺抄; "Selection of Gleanings"), compiled between 996 and 999. Until the early nineteenth century, it was mistakenly believed that the Shūishō was a selection of the best poems from the Shūishū, and so the former was more highly regarded.

The second poem from the 'lost' poetic sequence of Priest Manzei can be found in this anthology.
Raadik
Raadik is an Estonian surname. Notable people the surname include:

Andrus Raadik, Estonian volleyball player

Anton Raadik, Estonian middleweight boxer

Pille Raadik, Estonian soccer player

Rain Raadik, Estonian professional basketball player

Toomas Raadik, Estonian professional basketball player

Toomas Raadik
Toomas Raadik (born 15 August 1990) is an Estonian professional basketball player for Bærum Basket of the Norwegian BLNO. He is a 2.02 m (6 ft 8 in) tall small forward and power forward. He also represents the Estonian national basketball team internationally.
Buddleja marrubiifolia
Buddleja marrubiifolia, commonly known as the woolly butterflybush, is a perennial shrub which is endemic to the Chihuahuan Desert from southern Texas to San Luis Potosí in Mexico, where it grows on limestone and gypsum soils in canyons and arroyos at elevations of 600 to 2,250 m (1,970 to 7,380 ft) elevation. The species was first named and described by George Bentham in 1846.

San Luis Potosí
San Luis Potosí, officially the Free and Sovereign State of San Luis Potosí, is one of the 32 states which compose the Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 59 municipalities and is named after its capital city, San Luis Potosí.

It is located in eastern and central Mexico and is bordered by seven other Mexican states: Nuevo León to the north; Tamaulipas to the north-east; Veracruz to the east; Hidalgo, Querétaro and Guanajuato to the south; and Zacatecas to the north-west. In addition to the capital city, other major cities in the state include Ciudad Valles, Matehuala, Rioverde, and Tamazunchale.
John Beaton of Creich
John Beaton of Creich (born 1495) was a Scottish landowner and courtier.

His father, David Beaton, (1466-1505) was treasurer of Scotland for James IV. His mother was Jean Duddingston.

His home was Creich Castle. His surname was also spelled "Bethune" or "Betoun".

Beaton was the keeper of Falkland Palace. His sister Elizabeth Beaton was a mistress of James V of Scotland.

Another sister Janet Beaton was the second wife of James Hamilton, 1st Earl of Arran.

In 1526 Beaton was involved in the murder of John Grief. In 1530 he bought the lands of Dunbog from the Earl of Rothes.

Falkland Palace
Falkland Palace, in Falkland, Fife, Scotland, is a royal palace of the Scottish kings.  It was one of the favourite places of Mary, Queen of Scots, who took refuge there from political and religious turmoil of her times.

Today it is under the stewardship of Ninian Stuart, who delegates most of his duties to the National Trust for Scotland. The Chapel Royal in the Palace is dedicated to Thomas the Apostle. It is open to the public and reserved for Catholic worship.
Arzamas Instrument-Building Plant
Arzamas Instrument-Building Plant (Russian: Арзамасский приборостроительный завод) is an instrument-manufacturing company based in Arzamas, Russia. It was established in 1957 and is part of the Russian Arms organization Almaz-Antey.

The plant manufactures gyroscopic instruments, control systems, onboard electronic computers, steering gears, control and verification systems. In the early 1990s, the Arzamas Instrument-Building Production Association had reportedly almost completely converted from production of gyroscopes for military purposes to production of consumer products in four areas: audio equipment, medical equipment, metering devices, and computerized control devices.

Control system
A control system manages, commands, directs, or regulates the behavior of other devices or systems using control loops. It can range from a single home heating controller using a thermostat controlling a domestic boiler to large industrial control systems which are used for controlling processes or machines. The control systems are designed via control engineering process.

For continuously modulated control, a feedback controller is used to automatically control a process or operation.   The control system compares the value or status of the process variable (PV) being controlled with the desired value or setpoint (SP), and applies the difference as a control signal to bring the process variable output of the plant to the same value as the setpoint.

For sequential and combinational logic, software logic, such as in a programmable logic controller, is used.
1 Kings 12
1 Kings 12 is the twelfth chapter of the Books of Kings in the Hebrew Bible or the First Book of Kings in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. The book is a compilation of various annals recording the acts of the kings of Israel and Judah by a Deuteronomic compiler in the seventh century BCE, with a supplement added in the sixth century BCE. 1 Kings 12:1 to 16:14 documents the consolidation of the kingdoms of northern Israel and Judah: this chapter focusses on the reigns of Rehoboam and Jeroboam.

Jeroboam
Jeroboam I (/ˌdʒɛrəˈboʊ.əm/; Hebrew: יָרָבְעָם‎ Yārŏḇʿām;  Greek: Ἱεροβοάμ, romanized: Hieroboám), frequently cited Jeroboam son of Nebat, was, according to the Hebrew Bible, the first king of the northern Kingdom of Israel following a revolt of the ten tribes against Rehoboam that put an end to the United Monarchy. According to the book of 1 Kings, he reigned for 22 years and "there was war continually between Rehoboam and Jeroboam". Jeroboam also fought Abijam son of Rehoboam king of Judah. Jeroboam is often described as "doing evil in the sight of the Lord"

William F. Albright has dated his reign from 922 to 901 BC, while Edwin R. Thiele offers the dates 931 to 910 BC.

There has been much academic discussion in recent years on whether Jeroboam I existed and whether he may be a retrojection of Jeroboam II, though there is not a consensus on the topic.
Side by Side (Italy)
Side by Side (Italian: Fianco a Fianco) is a social democratic faction within the Democratic Party (PD), a political party in Italy.

The faction was formed in 2019 by Maurizio Martina, after his unsuccessful bid to become party's national secretary in the 2019 leadership election. In the event, Martina obtained 22.0% of the vote in the "primary" election and was defeated by Nicola Zingaretti, who got 66.0%.

2019 Democratic Party (Italy) leadership election
The 2019 Democratic Party leadership election was an open primary election held on 3 March 2019. The election was triggered by the resignation of Matteo Renzi on 12 March 2018, following the party's defeat at the 2018 general election. Vice Secretary Maurizio Martina was appointed Secretary in July 2018 by the National Assembly, but he resigned after few months to officially start the party's congress.

Six candidates were successfully nominated to stand in the Club's Conventions, held in January: Nicola Zingaretti, Maurizio Martina, Roberto Giachetti, Francesco Boccia, Dario Corallo and Maria Saladino. The first three candidates advanced to the open primary election scheduled in March, where Zingaretti won by a landslide getting more than 66% of votes.
Suvi Lindén
Suvi Helmi Tellervo Lindén (born 19 April 1962 in Helsinki) is a Finnish politician. A member of the National Coalition Party, she represented the electoral district of Oulu in the Parliament of Finland from 1995 to 2011 and served as the Minister of Culture in Lipponen I Cabinet from 1999 to 2002 and as the Minister of Communications in Vanhanen II Cabinet and Kiviniemi Cabinet from 2007 to 2011.

Vanhanen II cabinet
The second cabinet of Matti Vanhanen was the 70th cabinet and Government of Finland. The cabinet held office from 19 April 2007 to 20 June 2010. The cabinet was a centrist coalition, consisting of four parties: the Centre Party, the National Coalition Party, the Green League and the Swedish People's Party.

During Vanhanen's second cabinet, for the first time in history, there were more women (12) than men (8) in a Finnish government.
Matthew Bell (cricketer)
Matthew David Bell (born 25 February 1977) is a former New Zealand international cricketer. He played domestic cricket for Wellington and Northern Districts between 1993 and 2011 and played in 18 Test matches and seven One Day Internationals for the national team.

He is the assistant coach of the New Zealand women's national cricket team.

Wellington cricket team
The Wellington Firebirds are one of six New Zealand men's first-class cricket teams that make up New Zealand Cricket.
It is based in Wellington. It competes in the Plunket Shield first class (4-day) competition, The Ford Trophy domestic one day competition and the Men's Super Smash Twenty20 competition.

The Wellington Cricket Association was formed in 1875. It is New Zealand's oldest cricket association.
Taylor McKenzie (footballer)
Taylor Joshua McKenzie (born 30 May 1994) is an English professional footballer who plays as a defender for Enfield Town.

McKenzie made his Notts County debut on 9 November 2014 in a 0–0 draw against Accrington Stanley at Meadow Lane, in the first round of the FA Cup, coming on as a 37th-minute substitute for Hayden Mullins.

A few days later on 15 November 2014, he made his Football League debut against Coventry City at the Ricoh Arena in a 1–0 League One win.

Enfield Town F.C.
Enfield Town Football Club is a football club based in Enfield, Greater London, England. Established in 2001 as a fan-led breakaway from Enfield, the club are currently members of the National League South and play at the Queen Elizabeth II Stadium. The club badge features the Enfield beast.
Data stream
In connection-oriented communication, a data stream is the transmission of a sequence of digitally encoded signals to convey information. Typically, the transmitted symbols are grouped into a series of packets.

Data streaming has become ubiquitous. Anything transmitted over the Internet is transmitted as a data stream. Using a mobile phone to have a conversation transmits the sound as a data stream.

Network packet
In telecommunications and computer networking, a network packet is a formatted unit of data carried by a packet-switched network. A packet consists of control information and user data; the latter is also known as the payload. Control information provides data for delivering the payload (e.g., source and destination network addresses, error detection codes, or sequencing information). Typically, control information is found in packet headers and trailers.

In packet switching, the bandwidth of the transmission medium is shared between multiple communication sessions, in contrast to circuit switching, in which circuits are preallocated for the duration of one session and data is typically transmitted as a continuous bit stream.
Manipuri pony
The Manipuri Pony (Meitei: Meitei Sagol): 484  is a traditional Indian breed of small horse or pony from Assam and Manipur in north-eastern India. It appears both in the history and the mythology of Manipur, and was used for warfare and polo. It is believed to have been the polo pony in use in Assam in the mid-nineteenth century when British tea planters first saw polo being played, and the height limits set for polo ponies were based on ponies of this breed. It was very numerous in the early twentieth century, but numbers have since fallen. A breed society was established in 1977, and a breed standard was drawn up by the Indigenous Horse Society of India in 2009.: 484

Hand (unit)
The hand is a non-SI unit of measurement of length standardized to 4 in (101.6 mm). It is used to measure the height of horses in many English-speaking countries, including Australia, Canada, Ireland, the United Kingdom, and the United States. It was originally based on the breadth of a human hand.  The adoption of the international inch in 1959 allowed for a standardized imperial form and a metric conversion. It may be abbreviated to "h" or "hh".  Although measurements between whole hands are usually expressed in what appears to be decimal format, the subdivision of the hand is not decimal but is in base 4, so subdivisions after the radix point are in quarters of a hand, which are inches. Thus, 62 inches is fifteen and a half hands, or 15.2 hh (normally said as "fifteen-two", or occasionally in full as "fifteen hands two inches").
Fauquembergues
Fauquembergues (French pronunciation: [fokɑ̃bɛʁɡ]; West Flemish: Valkenberg; Picard: Fauquimbergue) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France. First mentioned in 961 as "in monten qui dicitur Falcoberg", the place later in 1124 was called Falkenberga. In 1347, an English raiding force under Henry of Grosmont razed the settlement to the ground.

Pas-de-Calais
The Pas-de-Calais (French: [pɑ d(ə) kalɛ] ⓘ, 'strait of Calais'; Picard: Pas-Calés; Dutch: Nauw van Calais) is a department in northern France named after the French designation of the Strait of Dover, which it borders. It has the most communes of all the departments of France, with 887, and is the 8th most populous. It had a population of 1,465,278 in 2019. The Calais Passage connects to the Port of Calais on the English Channel. The Pas-de-Calais borders the departments of Nord and Somme and is connected to the English county of Kent via the Channel Tunnel.
Gaybo Laughs Back
Gaybo Laughs Back is an hour-long Irish television special and DVD released in November 2008. It was broadcast on RTÉ One on 9 November 2008 at 18:30, whilst the DVD was released on 15 November 2008, with over forty minutes of bonus material. It features RTÉ personality Gay Byrne, who introduces some of the comedy highlights from his thirty-seven years at the helm of the long-running television series, The Late Late Show.

The special features international comedians such as Spike Milligan, John Cleese, Peter Cook and Billy Connolly, who all regularly visited The Late Late Show, and Irish comedians such as Tommy Tiernan, Patrick Kielty, Dermot Morgan, Brendan O'Carroll, D'Unbelievables, Dylan Moran and Kevin McAleer, who all appeared on the show early in their careers. Unplanned sequences are also reflected upon, such as Lenny Henry's fall from his chair and Byrne being attacked by Emu.

Kevin McAleer
Kevin McAleer (born 1956) is an Irish stand-up comedian. He came to prominence on the RTÉ television show Nighthawks which began broadcasting in the late 1980s. McAleer became known for his three-minute sketches of surreal rustic tales told in his slow County Tyrone drawl. One critic said that McAleer "put the dead back into deadpan". In 2022 he toured his one-man show entitled Why am I Here and played the part of boring Uncle Colm in Derry Girls on Channel 4. In 2024 he announced his retirement from stand-up comedy, with final shows in Dublin and Belfast.
Egg Rock Light (Maine)
Egg Rock Light is a lighthouse on Frenchman Bay, Maine.  Built in 1875, it is one of coastal Maine's architecturally unique lighthouses, with a square tower projecting through the square keeper's house. Located on Egg Rock, midway between Mount Desert Island and the Schoodic Peninsula, it is an active aid to navigation, flashing red every 40 seconds. The light was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as Egg Rock Light Station in 1988.

Frenchman Bay
Frenchman Bay is a bay in Hancock County, Maine, named for Samuel de Champlain, the French explorer who visited the area in 1604.

Frenchman Bay may have been the location of the Jesuit St. Sauveur mission, established in 1613.

In a 1960 book titled The Story of Mount Desert Island, Samuel Eliot Morison wrote, "Frenchmans Bay was so called because it became a staging point for French warships preparing to fight the English."

The bay is bounded on the east by the Schoodic Peninsula and on the west by Mount Desert Island; parts of both are in Acadia National Park. It contains numerous islands, the largest of which is Ironbound Island. The highest elevation of the islands in the bay is found on Jordan Island. The largest town on the bay is Bar Harbor, on Mount Desert Island.

The bay extends for roughly 15 miles (24 km) and spans 7 miles (11 km) at its widest.
Jiří Trvaj
Jiří Trvaj (born 13 April 1974) is a Czech professional ice hockey goaltender who currently plays with HC Olomouc in the Czech Extraliga.

Trvaj previously played for HC Kometa Brno, HC Havířov, HC Vítkovice, HC Slezan Opava, Lada Togliatti and HC Znojemští Orli.

HC Kometa Brno
HC Kometa Brno ("Comet" in English) is a professional ice hockey team based in Brno, Czech Republic. They play in the Czech Extraliga. Kometa is the most successful ice hockey club in the Czech Republic with 14 Czechoslovak (and Czech) league championship titles. Holding three European Cup titles, Kometa ranks as the most successful Czech club in international ice hockey. The team HC Kometa Brno has won three Czech Extraliga championships, capturing the title back-to-back in 2016–17 and 2017–18, and for a third time in 2024–25, so therefore, the club is also the current champion (2025) of the Czech Republic.
Maurice d'Elbée
Maurice-Joseph-Louis Gigost d'Elbée (French: [mɔʁis ʒozɛf lwi ʒiɡo dɛlbe, moʁ-]; 21 March 1752 – 6 January 1794) was a French Royalist military leader. Initially enthusiastic about the Revolution, he became disenchanted with the Civil Constitution of the Clergy and retired to his estates in Beaupreau. He was the second commander in chief of the Catholic and Royal Army formed by Royalist forces of the Vendean insurrection against the Republic.

Royalist
A royalist supports a particular monarch as head of state for a particular kingdom, or of a particular dynastic claim. In the abstract, this position is royalism. It is distinct from monarchism, which advocates a monarchical system of government, but not necessarily a particular monarch. Most often, the term royalist is applied to a supporter of a current regime or one that has been recently overthrown to form a republic.

In the United Kingdom, the term is currently almost indistinguishable from "monarchist", as there are no significant rival claimants to the throne. Conversely, in 19th-century France, a royalist might be either a Legitimist, Bonapartist, or an Orléanist, all being monarchists.