hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jaakko Paavolainen
Jaakko Paavolainen (23 July 1926 in Kanneljärvi – 30 October 2007 in Helsinki), was a Finnish historian, PhD 1966. He became professor in history at the University of Turku 1986–1989.

Jaakko Paavolainen published his much noticed results about the red terror and white terror during the Finnish Civil War in three volumes and has also published a biography of Väinö Tanner (4 parts, 1977–1989). His boyhood memories från Carelia he pictures in Lapsuus Kanneljärvellä (1982) and the life of his cousin Olavi Paavolainen in a 1992 published volume.

Jaakko Paavolainen is the son of Erkki Paavolainen and the father of Pentti Paavolainen (b. 1953), professor in arts research at Helsinki Theatre Academy.

Väinö Tanner
Väinö Alfred Tanner (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈʋæi̯nø ˈalfred ˈtɑnːer]; 12 March 1881 – 19 April 1966; surname until 1895 Thomasson) was a leading figure in the Social Democratic Party of Finland, and a pioneer and leader of the cooperative movement in Finland. He was Prime Minister of Finland in 1926–1927.
Maureen G. Banavige
Maureen G. Banavige (born c. 1969) is a retired United States Air Force officer who served as the mobilization assistant to the Commander, Air Force Reserve Command from August 2022 to May 2024. She served as the mobilization assistant to the Commander, Air Force Materiel Command from February 2019 to August 2022. Before this assignment, she served as the mobilization assistant to the Commander, Air Force Sustainment Center from August 2018 to February 2019.

Banavige was commissioned in 1991 through the Air Force ROTC program at Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Massachusetts. She served on active duty in various logistics roles at the field and program office levels before she joined the Air Force Reserve in 1996. She is a career logistics and maintenance officer who has commanded twice at the squadron level and once at the group level.

Fort Lesley J. McNair
Fort Lesley J. McNair, also historically known as the Washington Arsenal, is a United States Army post located on the tip of Buzzard Point, the peninsula that lies at the confluence of the Potomac River and the Anacostia River in Washington, D.C. To the peninsula's west is the Washington Channel, while the Anacostia River is on its south side. The fort has been an army post for more than 200 years, third in length of service, after the United States Military Academy at West Point and the Carlisle Barracks. The fort is named for General Lesley James McNair, who was killed in action by friendly fire in Normandy, France during World War II.
Christopher Tanev
Christopher Tanev (born December 20, 1989) is a Canadian professional ice hockey player who is a defenceman for the Toronto Maple Leafs of the National Hockey League (NHL). He previously played for the Vancouver Canucks, Calgary Flames, and Dallas Stars.

Unselected in the NHL entry draft, he was signed by the Canucks as a free agent after his freshman year with the Rochester Institute of Technology Tigers. In his only college season, he was named Atlantic Hockey's Rookie of the Year, in addition to receiving All-Tournament and Third All-Star Team honours, while helping the Tigers to a conference championship. Prior to college, he played three seasons in the Ontario Provincial Junior Hockey League.

Rochester Institute of Technology
The Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) is a private research university in Henrietta, New York, United States, a suburb of Rochester. It was founded in 1829. It is one of only two institutes of technology in New York state, the other being the New York Institute of Technology.

RIT enrolls about 21,000 students, of whom 18,000 are undergraduate and 3,000 are graduate students. These students come from all 50 states in the United States and more than 100 countries. The university has more than 4,000 faculty and staff. It also has branches abroad in Croatia, Kosovo,  and the United Arab Emirates. The university is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".
Kaya toast
Kaya toast is a dish consisting of two slices of toast with butter and kaya (coconut jam), commonly served alongside kopi and soft-boiled eggs. The dish was believed to be created by Hainanese immigrants to the Straits Settlements in the 19th century while serving on British ships at the Port of Singapore.

The dish is commonly consumed for breakfast or as a late afternoon snack. It became integrated into coffeeshop culture, being widely available in eating establishments such as kopi tiams, hawker centres, food courts and Singaporean café chains such as Ya Kun Kaya Toast, Killiney Kopitiam and Breadtalk's Toast Box.

Breakfast
Breakfast is the first meal of the day, usually eaten in the morning. The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the previous night. Various "typical" or "traditional" breakfast menus exist, with food choices varying by regions and traditions worldwide.
Hrafnhildur Hanna Ragnarsdóttir
Hrafnhildur Hanna Ragnarsdóttir (born 1948) is professor emerita in Developmental and Educational Science at the University of Iceland. Her research is concerned with long-term language development and its relation to cognition, social-emotional development and literacy. Her primary research focus has been on the development of vocabulary, grammar, and narratives in early childhood and the first school years and on later language development as it appears in oral vs/written text construction and in narratives vs/expository texts from middle grades through adolescence and into adulthood.

University of Iceland
The University of Iceland (Icelandic: Háskóli Íslands [ˈhauːˌskouːlɪ ˈistlan(t)s]) is a public research university in Reykjavík, Iceland, and the country's oldest and largest institution of higher education. Founded in 1911, it has grown steadily from a small civil servants' school to a modern comprehensive university, providing instruction for about 14,000 students in twenty-five faculties. Teaching and research is conducted in social sciences, humanities, law, medicine, natural sciences, engineering and teacher education. It has a campus concentrated around Suðurgata, a street in central Reykjavík, with additional facilities located in nearby areas as well as in the countryside.
SS Laconia
A number of ships have been named Laconia

RMS Laconia (1911), a Cunard ocean liner torpedoed and sunk on 25 February 1917

RMS Laconia (1921), a Cunard ocean liner torpedoed and sunk on 12 September 1942

SS Laconia (1925), a Greek cargo ship in service 1948–65

SS Manganese
Manganese was a 964 GRT coaster that was built in 1925 by Norderwerft AG, Hamburg, Germany as Wiedau for German owners. She was seized by the Allies in May 1945, passed to the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT) and was renamed Empire Contract. Later that year, she was transferred to Greece and renamed Herakleion. She was sold into merchant service in 1948 and renamed Laconia. In 1965, she was sold to Egypt and renamed  Manganese. The ship was deleted from Lloyd's Register in 1993.
Animal Cracker Conspiracy Puppet Company
Animal Cracker Conspiracy Puppet Company, or Animal Cracker Conspiracy (ACC), is a contemporary hybrid puppet company co-founded by Iain Gunn and Bridget Rountree that is invested in pushing the boundaries of kinetic performance, creating performances that "decenter expectations, open new avenues of thought, and invoke the uncanny." Their ongoing practice is based on a shared interest and exploration of where fine art, puppetry, performance art, circus, dance, film, and mixed media intersect. They perform nationally and internationally out of a multiplicity of venues such as La Jolla Playhouse in San Diego, California, where the company resides. ACC specializes in inclusive multimedia performances that encourage difficult discussions and foster community through local theater, Street Parades, and national tours.

Gunn and Rountree have served as directors, designers, developers, producers, and puppeteers in the company's productions since its founding.

University of San Diego
The University of San Diego (USD) is a private Catholic research university in San Diego, California, United States. Chartered in 1949 as the independent San Diego College for Women and San Diego University (comprising the College for Men and School of Law), the two institutions merged in 1972.

The university includes the College of Arts and Sciences, Hahn School of Nursing and Health Science, Joan B. Kroc School of Peace Studies, Division of Professional and Continuing Education, Knauss School of Business, School of Law, School of Leadership and Education Services (SOLES), and the Shiley-Marcos School of Engineering.

USD has 89 undergraduate and graduate programs, and enrolls approximately 9,073 undergraduate, paralegal, graduate and law students. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity". The San Diego Toreros compete in NCAA Division I (FCS) as a member of the West Coast Conference.
Johann Friedrich Gronovius
Johann Friedrich Gronovius (the Latinized form of Gronow; 8 September 1611 – 28 December 1671) was a German classical scholar, librarian and critic.

Born in Hamburg, he studied at several universities and travelled in England, France and Italy. In 1643, he was appointed professor of rhetoric and history at Deventer, and in 1658 to the Greek chair at Leiden, where he remained until his death. In 1665, Gronovius succeeded Antonius Thysius the Younger as the 6th Librarian of Leiden University (see also Raffaello Fabretti).

Gronovius edited and annotated Statius, Plautus, Livy, Tacitus, Aulus Gellius and Seneca's tragedies. In addition, he was the author of Commentarius de sestertiis (1643) and of an edition of Hugo Grotius's De jure belli et pacis (1660), amongst numerous other works. His Observationes contain a number of brilliant emendations.  His son Jakob Gronovius was also a classical scholar.

Johann Friedrich Gronovius died in Leiden in 1671.

Tacitus
Publius Cornelius Tacitus, known simply as Tacitus (/ˈtæsɪtəs/ TAS-it-əs, Latin: [ˈtakɪtʊs]; c. AD 56 – c. 120), was a Roman historian and politician. Tacitus is widely regarded as one of the greatest Roman historians by modern scholars.

Tacitus's two major historical works, Annals (Latin: Annales) and the Histories (Latin: Historiae), originally formed a continuous narrative of the Roman Empire from the death of Augustus (14 AD) to the end of Domitian's reign (96 AD). The surviving portions of the Annals focus on the reigns of Tiberius, Claudius, Nero, and those who reigned in the Year of the Four Emperors (69 AD).

Tacitus's other writings discuss oratory (in dialogue format, see Dialogus de oratoribus), Germania (in De origine et situ Germanorum), and the life of his father-in-law, Agricola (the general responsible for much of the Roman conquest of Britain), mainly focusing on his campaign in Britannia (De vita et moribus Iulii Agricolae).
Social enterprise lending
Social enterprise lending is a form of social finance which refers to the practice of offering loans and other financing vehicles below current market rates to social enterprises and other organisations pursuing social goals. This is often referred to as "patient lending," or financing with "soft" terms. Patient lending recognises that projects with social outcomes often reach profitability later than commercial projects.  Softening the terms of a loan means that a social lender may offer provisions such as longer loan terms, lower interest rates and repayment "holidays" where capital and interest repayments are not due until the project is profitable. Social lenders might also offer small grants as part of an investment package.

Financial capital
Financial capital (also simply known as capital or equity in finance, accounting and economics) is any economic resource measured in terms of money used by entrepreneurs and businesses to buy what they need to make their products or to provide their services to the sector of the economy upon which their operation is based (e.g. retail, corporate, investment banking). In other words, financial capital is internal retained earnings generated by the entity or funds provided by lenders (and investors) to businesses in order to purchase real capital equipment or services for producing new goods or services.

In contrast, real capital comprises physical goods that assist in the production of other goods and services (e.g. shovels for gravediggers, sewing machines for tailors, or machinery and tooling for factories).
Ekinlik, Kızıltepe
Ekinlik (Kurdish: Mezrê) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Kızıltepe, Mardin Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Xalecan tribe and had a population of 385 in 2021.

Mardin Province
Mardin Province (Turkish: Mardin ili; Kurdish: Parêzgeha Mêrdîn; Arabic: محافظة ماردين; Classical Syriac: ܡܪܕܝܢ ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ) is a province and metropolitan municipality in Turkey. Its area is 8,780 km2, and its population is 870,374 (2022). The largest city in the province is Kızıltepe, while the capital Mardin is the second largest city.
Afro-Asians
Afro-Asians, African Asians, Blasians, or simply Black Asians are people of mixed Asian and Sub-Saharan African ancestry. Primarily through past slave trade, Afro-Asians can be found in rural areas of China or Taiwan and to a lesser extent in Malaysia and Indonesia. Historically, Afro-Asian populations have been marginalised as a result of human migration and social conflict.

Mau Marcelo
Maureen "Mau" Flores Marcelo (born May 13, 1980) is a Filipino singer and songwriter who rose to prominence as the first winner of Philippine Idol in 2006. She was dubbed as the "Soul Idol" and "The Black Belter" at the competition for her R&B-style vocals. She was also called "Philippines' Diamond Diva" after her much-applauded performance of "Diamonds Are Forever" by Shirley Bassey during the Movie and Musical Theme Week.

For a time, she went by the stage name Samantha Brown, based on her father's surname.

She was also the Philippine representative to Asian Idol, which was held on December 15 and 16, 2007 in Jakarta, Indonesia.
Guahibo language
Guahibo, the native language of the Guahibo people, is a Guahiban language that is spoken by about 23,006 people in Colombia and additional 8,428 in Venezuela.  There is a 40% rate of monolingualism, and a 45% literacy rate.

Guahibo people
The Guahibo people are an Indigenous people native to the Llanos or savanna plains in eastern Colombia (Arauca, Meta, Guainia, and Vichada departments) and in southern Venezuela near the Colombian border. Their population was estimated at 23,772 people in 1998.

A related group, sometimes considered a sub-tribe of the Guahibo, are the Playero, whose population, estimated in the early 1980s at 200 people, live along the Arauca River.
Ryan Cochran-Siegle
Ryan Cochran-Siegle (born March 27, 1992, nicknamed RCS) is an American World Cup alpine ski racer and a member of the Skiing Cochrans family. Cochran-Siegle competes mainly in the speed disciplines, despite initially being a giant slalom specialist. He also races in combined. He made his World Cup debut on November 26, 2011; his Olympic debut was in 2018, and he was the silver medalist in the super-G in 2022 and 2026.

Alpine skiing combined
Combined is an event in alpine ski racing. The event format has changed within the last 30 years.  A traditional combined competition is a two-day event consisting of one run of downhill and two runs of slalom; each discipline takes place on a separate day. The winner is the skier with the fastest aggregate time. Until the 1990s, a complicated point system was used to determine placings in the combined event. Since then, a modified version, called either an "alpine combined" (with a downhill as the speed event) or a "super combined" (with a super-G as the speed event), has been run as an aggregate time event consisting of two runs: first, a one-run speed event and then only one run of slalom, with both portions held on the same day.
PGM Précision
PGM Précision (styled as PGM PRECISION) is a French company manufacturing high-precision rifles for military, law enforcement and sporting usages.

Models include:

PGM Hécate II (12.7×99mm NATO / .50 BMG), .416 Barrett/10.6×83mm

PGM 338 (.338 Lapua Magnum / 8.6×70mm)

PGM Ultima Ratio (7.62×51mm NATO as main military chambering).300 Savage, 7mm-08 Remington, .260 Remington, 6.5×47mm Lapua and 6mm Norma BR on special request

.300 Savage
The .300 Savage cartridge is a rimless, .30 caliber rifle cartridge developed by Savage Arms in 1920. It was designed to replace the less powerful .303 Savage in their popular Savage Model 1899 hammerless lever-action rifle, which they started to produce again as Model 99, as well as the new Savage Model 1920 bolt-action rifle. Despite having a short case in order to fit the original Model 99 magazine and a rather stumpy neck, the cartridge is capable of propelling a 150-grain (9.7 g) bullet at over 2,600 ft/s (790 m/s) with an effective range of over 300 yd (270 m).
Rahul Hazarika
Rahul Hazarika (born 31 May 1993) is an Indian cricketer who plays for Assam and is a left-handed opening batter. He made his first-class debut on 7 November 2015, against Haryana at Rohtak in the 2015–16 Ranji Trophy. He made his List A debut on 25 September 2019, for Assam in the 2019–20 Vijay Hazare Trophy.

Assam cricket team
The Assam cricket team is a domestic cricket team represents the Indian state of Assam, run by the Assam Cricket Association. The team competes in the first-class tournament Ranji Trophy, limited-overs tournament Vijay Hazare Trophy and the Twenty20, Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy.
2004 Governor General's Awards
The 2004 Governor General's Awards for Literary Merit: Finalists in 14 categories (68 books) were announced October 26, the four children's literature winners announced and presented November 15, other winners announced and presented November 16. The prize for writers and illustrators was $15,000 and "a specially crafted copy of the winning book bound by master bookbinder Pierre Ouvrard".

As introduced in 2003, the four children's literature awards were announced and presented separately from the others. The event at Rideau Hall, the Governor General's residence in Ottawa, was scheduled to begin at 10:00 on a Monday morning. "Children from across the National Capital Region will be invited to attend the event, which will also include readings and workshops related to children's literature.

National Capital Region (Canada)
The National Capital Region (NCR) (French: Région de la capitale nationale, pronounced [ʁeʒjɔ̃ d(ə) la kapital nɑsjɔnal]), also known as Canada's Capital Region and Ottawa–Gatineau, is an official federal designation encompassing the Canadian capital of Ottawa, Ontario, the adjacent city of Gatineau, Quebec, and surrounding suburban and exurban areas. Despite its designation, the NCR is not a separate political or administrative entity and falls within the provinces of Ontario and Quebec.

Defined by the National Capital Act (1985), the NCR covers an area of 4,715 km2 (1,820 sq mi), straddling the Ottawa River, which serves as the boundary between Ontario and Quebec. This area is smaller than the Ottawa–Gatineau census metropolitan area (CMA), which spans 8,046.99 km2 (3,106.96 sq mi). Ottawa–Gatineau is the only CMA in Canada that crosses provincial boundaries.
Ren River
Ren River is a river in Yangtze River basin in China. It is upstream of the right bank of the Han River. It extends for 220 kilometres (140 mi), a basin area of 4,871 square kilometres (1,881 sq mi), with an average annual flow of 106 cubic metres (3,700 cu ft) per second. It drops 1,500 metres (4,900 ft) along its length.

Han River (Guangdong)
The Han River (simplified Chinese: 韩江; traditional Chinese: 韓江; pinyin: Hán Jiāng) is a river in southeast China. It is located mainly in eastern Guangdong and has a total length of 410 kilometres (250 mi). The river is combined with two main tributary rivers, Mei River and Ting River, at Sanheba (三河坝), Dabu County. Han River flows south through the Han River Delta entering the South China Sea at Chenghai District and Longhu District of Shantou. The Teochew people refer to the river as "the Mother River".

The river is named after Han Yu, a writer, poet and government official of the Tang dynasty, in honor of his contribution to Chaoshan. It was originally named as E Xi (simplified Chinese: 恶溪; traditional Chinese: 惡溪; lit. 'ferocious river') before Han Yu's exile to Chaozhou. The river became calm under Han's river regulation project.  To remember him, the locals rename the river to Han River after his departure.
Nedre Rudasjön
Nedre Rudasjön is a lake in Stockholm County, Södermanland, Sweden. Its maximum dimensions are approximately 590 metres by 200 metres. Nedre Rudasjön, or Nedre Rudan, is a lake in Haninge municipality in Stockholm which is part of the Tyresån's main catchment area. The lake is 14.5 meters deep, has an area of 0.0686 square kilometers, and is 39.3 meters above sea level. About 400 meters north of Nedre Rudan is Övre Rudasjön. The name Ruda is said to originate from the Old Swedish word for "clearing", but according to another theory, the name comes from the fact that there used to be plenty of carp fish ruda in the two lakes.

Södermanland
Södermanland (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈsø̂ːdɛrmanˌland] or [ˈsø̌ː-] ⓘ), locally Sörmland, sometimes referred to under its Latinized form Sudermannia or Sudermania, is a historical province (or landskap) on the south eastern coast of Sweden. It borders Östergötland, Närke, Västmanland and Uppland. It is also bounded by lake Mälaren and the Baltic Sea.

Södermanland means "(The) Land of the Southern Men", where the "southern men" (södermännen) were the people living south of Uppland.
Wardell House (Macon, Missouri)
The Wardell House was a historic home located at 1 Wardell Rd. in Macon, Macon County, Missouri.  It was built in 1890, and it was a three-story, Queen Anne-style frame dwelling over a full basement.  It was remodeled between 1899 and 1901.  It had a complex hipped roof line and asymmetrical plan, and it featured a full-width verandah and an open tower on its second and third stories.: 2

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

As of 2023, the Wardell House was demolished in its entirety, and the grounds upon which it sat were cleared of foliage and fully repurposed for the construction of a set of private, duplex housing units.

Macon County, Missouri
Macon County is a county located in the northern portion of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 15,209. Its county seat is Macon. The county was organized January 6, 1837, and named for Nathaniel Macon, a Revolutionary War hero and North Carolina politician.