hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wilson–Winslow House
The Wilson–Winslow House is a historic house in Coventry, Rhode Island. The main block of this 2+1⁄2-story wood-frame house was built in 1814 by Joseph Wilson, a farmer. It was occupied for most of the nineteenth century by his son, Israel Wilson, and it remained in the family's ownership until 1917. Architectural historian William Jordy noted that it was "very grand" for its rural location.

In 1935 the property was acquired by Winthrop Winslow and Agnes Parks Winslow of Providence for use as a summer home. The Winslows named the property Windy Parks Farm and hired architect Edwin E. Cull to extend and modernize the house. Cull was known for his skill in modernizing old houses while retaining their historic character. The property remained in the hands of the Mrs. Winslow until 1980.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.

William Jordy
William H. Jordy (1917 – 10 August 1997) was a leading American architectural historian.  At the time of his death, Jordy was Henry Ledyard Goddard Professor Emeritus of Art History at Brown University, where he taught for many years.

Jordy received his Ph.D. at Yale University in 1948.  He joined the Yale faculty that year and remained until 1955, when he joined the Department of Art History at Brown, and began the long teaching career for which he is famous.

His books include two volumes of the five-volume American Buildings and Their Architects series and Buildings of Rhode Island (published posthumously) in the Society of Architectural Historians Buildings of the United States series. He contributed occasionally to the Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians and wrote regularly on architectural subjects for The New Criterion.
Hainan Volcanic Field
The Hainan Volcanic Field is a 4,100 square kilometres (1,600 sq mi) volcanic field covering the northern half of Hainan, People's Republic of China. Although mostly Pleistocene-Holocene in age, minor eruptions have been recorded in the 19th and 20th centuries.

The field is made up of 58 Pleistocene-Holocene tholeiitic cones. The two best preserved cones (Leihuling and Ma'anshan (马鞍山)) are on an East-West fracture line that contains 30 young cones in the Shishan (石山) and Yongzing regions. Historically, small fissure eruptions have been recorded from the Lingao and Chengmai areas.

Two eruptions have been reported in recent history. A small fissure eruption took place from Lingao cone in the Lingao area sometime in 1883. Another small fissure eruption took place from the Nansheling Ridge in the Chengmai area on June 26 (date accurate to within plus or minus 4 days), 1933. This eruption probably ended on July 8, 1933.

Volcanic field
A volcanic field is an area of Earth's crust that is prone to localized volcanic activity. The type and number of volcanoes required to be called a "field" is not well-defined. Volcanic fields usually consist of clusters of up to 100 volcanoes such as cinder cones. Lava flows may also occur. They may occur as a monogenetic volcanic field or a polygenetic volcanic field.
Shuangpai Yangming National Forestry Park
The Yangming Mountains (Chinese: 陽明山; pinyin: Yángmíng shān), historically known as Yanghe Mountains (陽和山), are a group of mountains located in Yongzhou, southwestern Hunan, also the series of mountains of Dupang Range. The mountains lie east of the Xiao River, The main range of the mountains are located in the northeastern Shuangpai County, its branches stretch to Lingling, Qiyang and Ningyuan counties. The Yangming Mountains are the location of Wangfotai Peak (望佛台), which at 1,625 metres (5,331 ft) is the highest point in the county of Shuangpai. It is home of Yangmingshan National Forest Park.

Xiao River
The Xiao River (Chinese: 瀟水; pinyin: Xiāoshuǐ [ɕjáʊ.ʂwèɪ]) is the main stream of the upper Xiang River located in Yongzhou, Hunan. As of the 2011 Water Census of China, it has a length of 365 kilometres (227 mi) from the headwaters to the confluence in the Ping Island of Yongzhou with the Xiang River West Branch (Left Branch) originating from Guangxi. With the tributaries, its drainage basin area is 12,094 square kilometres (4,670 sq mi).
Night rain on the Xiaoxiang (瀟湘夜雨 Xiāoxiāng yèyǔ), one of the Eight Views of Xiaoxiang, is located at this river.
2025 COSAFA Women's Championship squads
The 2025 COSAFA Women's Championship is an upcoming international women's association football tournament set to be held in Polokwane, South Africa from 18 February to 1 March 2026. The 11 national teams involved in the tournament were required to register a squad of 23 players, including three goalkeepers. Only players in these squads were eligible to take part in the tournament.

The age listed for each player is on 18 February 2026, the first day of the tournament. The club listed is the club for which the player last played a competitive match prior to the tournament. A flag is included for coaches who are of a different nationality than their own national team.

Polokwane
Polokwane (UK: /ˌpɒləˈkwɑːni/, meaning "Sanctuary" in Northern Sotho), formerly named Pietersburg, is the capital city of the Limpopo Province in South Africa. It is the country's largest urban centre north of Gauteng. It was one of the nine host cities of the 2010 FIFA World Cup.
Suprabatham
Suprabatham (transl. Auspicious morning) is a 1979 Indian Tamil-language devotional film directed by K. Shankar and co-written by S. Jagadeesan. The film stars an ensemble cast including Jai Ganesh, Latha, R. Muthuraman, M. N. Nambiar, Sarath Babu, Sorna, P. S. Veerappa, K. R. Vijaya and C. R. Vijayakumari. It was released on 14 April 1979.

K. R. Vijaya
Deivanayaki, better known by her stage name K. R. Vijaya, is an Indian actress who has featured in Tamil, Malayalam, Telugu and Kannada films. She started her career in 1963 and has been acting for more than six decades in South Indian cinema. The actress has worked with almost all the stalwarts of South Indian cinema and has played many key roles.
Martin Regan
Martin Regan (24 September 1929 – 29 October 2014) was an English rugby footballer.

Born in St Helens, Lancashire, Regan was the son of a rugby league player, who competed beside the renowned Albert Rosenfeld in matches for the Army. He attended West Park Catholic Grammar School.

Regan, a Liverpool fly-half, was capped 12 times for England in rugby union between 1953 and 1956. This included all four matches of England's triple crown-winning 1954 Five Nations campaign.

From 1956 to 1961, Regan played rugby league for the Warrington Wolves.

Regan was a games master at St Anselm's College in Birkenhead for many years.

1954 Five Nations Championship
The 1954 Five Nations Championship was the twenty-fifth series of the rugby union Five Nations Championship. Including the previous incarnations as the Home Nations and Five Nations, this was the sixtieth series of the northern hemisphere rugby union championship. Ten matches were played between 9 January and 10 April. It was contested by England, France, Ireland, Scotland and Wales. Wales, England and France shared the championship; this marked France's first title. England won the Triple Crown and the Calcutta Cup.

England missed out on a seventh Grand Slam after losing to France at Stade Colombes.
Kalispell City Airport
Kalispell City Airport (FAA LID: S27) is a city-owned public-use airport located one nautical mile (1.85 km) south of the central business district of Kalispell, a city in Flathead County, Montana, United States. This airport is included in the FAA's National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2009–2013, which categorized it as a general aviation facility.

Flathead County, Montana
Flathead County is a county located in the U.S. state of Montana. At the 2020 census, its population was 104,357, making it the state's fourth most populous county. Its county seat is Kalispell. Its numerical designation (used in the issuance of license plates) is 7. Its northern border is on the state's north border, making it contiguous with the Canada–US border, facing British Columbia.

Flathead County comprises the Kalispell, Montana Micropolitan Statistical Area, with neighboring Lake County following soon after.
Vaso-occlusive crisis
A vaso-occlusive crisis is a common painful complication of sickle cell anemia in adolescents and adults. It is a form of sickle cell crisis. Sickle cell anemia – most common in those of African, Hispanic, and Mediterranean origin – leads to sickle cell crisis when the circulation of blood vessels is obstructed by sickled red blood cells, causing ischemic injuries. The most common complaint is of pain, and recurrent episodes may cause irreversible organ damage. One of the most severe forms is the acute chest syndrome which occurs as a result of infarction of the lung parenchyma. This can rapidly result in death. Other types of vaso-occlusive crisis in sickle cell anemia include dactylitis, priapism, abdominal pain, and jaundice.

Dactylitis
Dactylitis or sausage digit is inflammation of an entire digit (a finger or toe), and can be painful.

The word dactyl comes from the Greek word daktylos 'finger'. As a medical term, it refers to both the fingers and the toes.
Collegiate Conference of the South
The Collegiate Conference of the South (CCS) is a college athletic conference affiliated with the Division III ranks of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). Member schools are located in Georgia, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, and Kentucky.

While competitive CCS play began immediately during the 2022–23 school year, the CCS was not eligible for automatic NCAA Division III tournament bids until 2024–25. The conference sponsors 14 championship sports. Football, women's golf, and men's and women's lacrosse teams sponsored by CCS members continue to compete in the USA South as associate members.

Southern States Athletic Conference
The Southern States Athletic Conference (SSAC) is a college athletic conference affiliated with the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA). The 12 member universities that compete in 20 sports are located in Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Tennessee. Basketball teams compete as a single division in the NAIA.
Crocodile Islands
The Crocodile Islands are a group of islands belonging to the Yan-nhaŋu people of the Northern Territory of Australia. They are located off the coast of Arnhem Land in the Arafura Sea.

As of 2023 the Crocodile Islands are protected as part of the National Reserve System as a protected area called the Crocodile Islands Maringa Indigenous Protected Area (IPA).

Arafura Sea
The Arafura Sea, also known as the Arafuru Sea, lies west of the Pacific Ocean, overlying the continental shelf between Australia and Western New Guinea (also called Papua), which is the Indonesian part of the Island of New Guinea.
Nautel
Nautel Ltd. is a Canadian manufacturer of AM and FM radio broadcast transmitters, navigational radio beacons, Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) transmitters, NOAA weather radio transmitters, LF PNT/eLORAN transmitters, SONAR high-power low-frequency amplifiers and SONAR systems, medium frequency (MF) telegraph and NAVTEX transmitters, and high frequency (HF) amplifiers for dielectric heating applications.  Nautel was the first company to develop a commercially available, fully solid-state AM broadcast transmitter.

Solid-state electronics
Solid-state electronics are semiconductor electronics: electronic equipment that use semiconductor devices such as transistors, diodes and integrated circuits (ICs).  The term is also used as an adjective for devices in which semiconductor electronics that have no moving parts replace devices with moving parts, such as the solid-state relay, in which transistor switches are used in place of a moving-arm electromechanical relay, or the solid-state drive (SSD), a type of semiconductor memory used in computers to replace hard disk drives, which store data on rotating disks.
Mark Coxon
Mark David Coxon (born 24 January 1978) is a former English cricketer who played in two List A matches for Wiltshire. He was a right-handed top order batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born in Salisbury, Wiltshire.

Coxon made his Minor Counties Championship debut for Wiltshire in 1996 against Wales Minor Counties. From 1996 to 2002, he represented the county in 18 Minor Counties Championship matches, scoring 908 runs at an average of 30.26. His highest score was 144 against Shropshire. Coxon also represented Wiltshire in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. His debut in that competition came against Devon in 1998, with him playing one further Trophy match for Wiltshire in 2001 against Cornwall.

Wales National County Cricket Club
Wales National County Cricket Club is one of the 20 county clubs that compete in the National Counties Cricket Championship. It represents all of the historic counties of Wales except Glamorgan, and is the only non-English team in the competition.

The team is currently a member of the National Counties Cricket Championship Western Division, having joined in 1988 (under the name Wales Minor Counties) after Somerset's second eleven left the competition, and plays in the NCCA Knockout Trophy. Wales National County played List A matches occasionally from 1993 until 2005 but is not classified as a List A team per se.
Mithiani
Mithiani (Sindhi: مٺياڻي), (Urdu: مٹہیانی) is a town in the Naushahro Feroze District, of Sindh, Pakistan. It is 15 km west of Naushahro Feroze City, according to 2017 censes of Pakistan it had a population of 97,734. 
There used to be a railway service in Mithiani which connected Mithiani with rest of Sindh. railway station, which is now defunct. Mithiani is situated on the right bank of River Indus, the town is protected by a massive bund against high flooding in the River Indus, which was constructed in 1920. Mithiani is connected to every major city and town of Sindh and Pakistan.

Naushahro Feroze District
Naushahro Feroze District (Sindhi: نوشهرو فيروز ضلعو, Urdu: ضلع نوشهرو فیروز) is a district in the province of  Sindh,  Pakistan. Its capital is Naushahro Feroze city. Administratively subdivided into five talukas and 51 union councils, according to the 2017 census of Pakistan it had a population of 1,612,373. The Naushahro Feroze was given the status of District on 15 November 1989 and. Before, it was Taluka of Nawabshah District (Now Shaheed Benazirabad). On given status as district, Naushahro Feroze was placed under administrative control of Sukkur Division however, it has been placed under Shaheed Benazirabad Division during 2011.
Sophia Charlotte of Hanover
Sophia Charlotte of Hanover (30 October 1668 – 1 February 1705) was the first Queen consort in Prussia as the wife of King Frederick I. She was the only daughter of Elector Ernest Augustus of Hanover and Sophia of the Palatinate. Her eldest brother, George Louis, succeeded to the British throne in 1714 as King George I.

Queen consort
A queen consort  is the wife of a reigning king, and usually shares her spouse's social rank and status. She holds the feminine equivalent of the king's monarchical titles and may be crowned and anointed, but historically she does not formally share the king's political and military powers, unless on occasion acting as regent.  In polygynous societies, a (male) monarch has a principal or senior wife.

In contrast, a queen regnant is a female monarch who rules suo jure (Latin for, "in her own right") and usually becomes queen by inheriting the throne upon the death of the previous monarch.

A queen dowager is a widowed queen consort, and a queen mother is a queen dowager who is the mother of the current monarch.
HKSAR v Lai Chee Ying
HKSAR v Lai Chee Ying (2021) 24 HKCFAR 33 was an appeal involving points of law by the Department of Justice over the decision of the Court of First Instance (CFI) to grant bail to the founder of Apple Daily Jimmy Lai. The Court of Final Appeal (CFA) reversed the CFI's interpretation of art.42(2) of the Hong Kong national security law.

The Court of Final Appeal displaced the presumption of bail in common law and Hong Kong's Criminal Procedure Ordinance. The CFA held that, with regards to national security offences, the Hong Kong national security law (NSL) carves out a specific exception from the bail regime; the presumption in Article 42(2) of the NSL (NSL 42(2)) being that no bail should be granted. Hong Kong Courts can only consider granting bail if the Court finds sufficient grounds to believe that the accused would not continue to commit offences endangering national security.

Criminal procedure in Hong Kong
Following the common law system introduced into Hong Kong when it became a Crown colony, Hong Kong's criminal procedural law and the underlying principles are very similar to the one in the UK. Like other common law jurisdictions, Hong Kong follows the principle of presumption of innocence. This principle penetrates the whole system of Hong Kong's criminal procedure and criminal law. Viscount Sankey once described this principle as a 'golden thread'. Therefore, knowing this principle is vital for understanding the criminal procedures practised in Hong Kong.
Hasan Candan
Hasan Candan (Turkish pronunciation: [ˈhasan ˈd͡ʒandan]; born 24 February 1985) is a Swiss politician who currently serves as member of the National Council (Switzerland) for the Social Democratic Party after being elected during the 2023 Swiss federal election. He assumed office on 4 December 2023. He served on the Cantonal Council of Lucerne between 2011 and 2023.

National Council (Switzerland)
The National Council (German: Nationalrat; French: Conseil national; Italian: Consiglio nazionale; Romansh: Cussegl naziunal) is a house of the Federal Assembly of Switzerland, representing the people. The other house, the Council of States, represents the states. As the powers of the houses are the same, it is sometimes called perfect bicameralism. Both houses meet in the Federal Palace of Switzerland in Bern.

The National Council consists of 200 members. Adult citizens elect the council's members, who are called national Councillors, for four year terms. Members are apportioned to the cantons in proportion to their population.
Clarke's triplefin
The Clarke's triplefin or Clarke's threefin (Trinorfolkia clarkei) is a species of triplefin blenny in the genus Trinorfolkia. It was described by Alexander Morton in 1888 from specimens collected from Clarke Island in the Bass Strait. This species occurs I southern and western Australia from Camden Haven in New South Wales to Rottnest Island in Western Australia and around Tasmania. It occurs on coastal reefs and in estuaries frequently being observed around the pylons supporting structures such as jetties.

Clarke Island (Tasmania)
The Clarke Island, also known by its Indigenous name of Lungtalanana (from the palawa kani language), part of the Furneaux Group, is an 82-square-kilometre (32 sq mi) island in Bass Strait, south of Cape Barren Island (palawa kani: Truwana), about 24 kilometres (15 mi) off the northeast coast of Tasmania, Australia. Banks Strait separates the island from Cape Portland on the mainland. Clarke Island is the third-largest island in the Furneaux Group, and Tasmania's eighth largest island.

Off its west coast lies the shipwreck of HMS Litherland, which sank in 1853 and was discovered in 1983.
Troy Laundry
The Troy Laundry Machinery Co., Ltd. was a Troy, New York, laundry machinery manufacturing company which incorporated on January 1, 1881. The company made hydraulic washers, wringers (mangles), starching machines, dampners, calenders, and shirt, collar, and cuff ironers.

The company operated branches in New York, Chicago, London, and Berlin.

Calender
A calender is a series of hard pressure rollers used to finish a sheet of material such as paper, textiles, rubber, or plastics. Calender rolls are also used to form some types of plastic films and to apply coatings. Some calender rolls are heated or cooled as needed. Calenders are sometimes misspelled calendars.
Madison High School (New Jersey)
Madison High School is a four-year public high school serving students in ninth to twelfth grades in Morris County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, operating as part of the Madison Public Schools. The school is located entirely in the borough of Madison. Students from Harding Township attend the school as part of a sending/receiving relationship.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the school had an enrollment of 816 students and 71.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 11.5:1. There were 38 students (4.7% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 9 (1.1% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch. More than 90% of the district's graduates move on to a four-year college, with half of those attending highly competitive schools.

Secondary education in the United States
Secondary education is the last six or seven years of statutory formal education in the United States. It reaches the climax with twelfth grade (age 17–18). Whether it begins with sixth grade (age 11–12) or seventh grade (age 12–13) varies by state and sometimes by school district.

Secondary education in the United States occurs in two phases. The first, as classified by the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED), is the lower secondary phase, either called a middle school or junior high school. A middle school is for students sixth grade, seventh grade and eighth grade and a junior high school is only for students in seventh and eighth grade.

The second is the ISCED upper secondary phase, a high school or senior high school for students ninth grade through twelfth grade. There is some debate over the optimum age of transfer, and variation in some states; also, middle school often includes grades that are almost always considered primary school.
Jean-Yves Empereur
Jean-Yves Empereur (French: [ɑ̃pʁœʁ]; born 1952) is a French archeologist. He studied classic literature in the University Paris IV Sorbonne (DEA, CAPES, Agrégation de lettres in 1975, Doctorat in archeology in 1977).

He is a former member (since 1978) and general secretary (1982–2000) of the École française d'Athènes. He conducted some excavations, including some submarine ones, in Greece, Cyprus and Turkey, on the sites Thasos and Amathus.

He is a researcher from the CNRS, director of the Centre d'études alexandrines (CEA) - Alexandria Studies Center that he founded in 1990, and since then he has led archeological research in Alexandria on earth and underwater.

Amathus
Amathus or Amathous (Ancient Greek: Ἀμαθοῦς) was one of the ancient royal cities of Cyprus until about 300 BC. Some of its remains can be seen today on the southern coast in front of Agios Tychonas, about 6 miles (9.7 km) east of Limassol and 24 miles (39 km) west of Larnaca. Its ancient cult sanctuary of Aphrodite was the second most important in Cyprus, her homeland, after Paphos.

Archaeological work has recently been continued at the site and many finds are exhibited in the Limassol Museum.
Dolphin Island (Nunavut)
Dolphin Island is one of the many uninhabited Canadian arctic islands in Qikiqtaaluk Region, Nunavut. It is located at the confluence of Hudson Strait and the Labrador Sea.

Dolphin Island, a member of the Button Islands, is small and lies southwest of Holdridge Island.

Other islands in the immediate vicinity include Clark Island, Holdridge Island, King Island, Leading Island, and Niels Island.

Arctic Archipelago
The Arctic Archipelago, also known as the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, is an archipelago lying to the north of the Canadian continental mainland, excluding Greenland (an autonomous territory of the Danish Realm, which is, by itself, much larger than the combined area of the archipelago), and Iceland (an independent country).

Situated in the northern extremity of North America and covering about 1,424,500 km2 (550,000 sq mi), this group of 36,563 islands, surrounded by the Arctic Ocean, comprises much of Northern Canada, predominately Nunavut and the Northwest Territories. The archipelago is showing some effects of climate change, with some computer estimates determining that melting there will contribute 3.5 cm (1.4 in) to the rise in sea levels by 2100.