hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thermoplasmatota
Thermoplasmatota is a phylum of Archaea. It is among six other phyla validly published according to the Bacteriological Code. These Archaea can live in acidic environments and have also been found in the South China Sea and Mediterranean grassland soil.

Phylum
In biology, a phylum (/ˈfaɪləm/; pl.: phyla) is a level of classification, or taxonomic rank, that is below kingdom and above class. Traditionally, in botany the term division has been used instead of phylum, although the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants accepts the terms as equivalent. Depending on definitions, the animal kingdom Animalia contains about 32 phyla, the plant kingdom Plantae contains about 14 phyla, and the fungus kingdom Fungi contains about eight phyla. Current research in phylogenetics is uncovering the relationships among phyla within larger clades like Ecdysozoa and Embryophyta.
Casa de Sá
Casa de Sá (historically Casa Grande de Sá or alternatively Casa da Lage) is a historic manor house and agricultural estate in the Municipality of Ponte de Lima, Portugal. It is registered as a historic property of public interest by the Portuguese Government’s IGESPAR institute.

In its current form, the principal building dates from the 17th and 18th centuries, and is typical of the Northern Portuguese seigneurial architecture of the period. The estate contains a chapel, consecrated in 1739 and dedicated to the Immaculate Conception, with a large baroque wood-carved retable; an integrally preserved 18th-century winery and granary, and terraced landscape gardens of 19th-century Romantic design.

It was the birthplace of António de Araújo e Azevedo, 1st Count of Barca, one of the foremost Portuguese political figures of his time.

Direção-Geral do Património Cultural
The Direção-Geral do Património Cultural (DGPC) (Directorate-General for Cultural Heritage), formerly the Instituto de Gestão do Património Arquitectónico e Arqueológico (IGESPAR) (Institute for the Management of Architectural and Archaeological Heritage) and Instituto Português do Património Arquitetónico (IPPAR (Portuguese Institute for Architectural Heritage), is a general directorate of the Government of Portugal tasked with the conservation, preservation, and inventory of Portuguese architectural heritage. This includes buildings and sites of historical, architectural, scientific or artistic value. The institute keeps a registry of all the classified sites and issues legally binding opinions regarding any works on them.
Aitkin (surname)
Aitkin is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexander Aitkin (1771–1799), mathematician and first surveyor general of Upper Canada

Don Aitkin (1937–2022), Australian political scientist

John Aitkin (disambiguation)

Murray Aitkin, Australian statistician

Yvonne Aitken (1911–2004), Australian agricultural scientist

Don Aitkin
Don Aitkin AO (1937–2022) was an Australian political scientist, writer, and administrator. Until 2012 he was Chairman of Australia’s National Capital Authority. He served as Vice-Chancellor and President of the University of Canberra from 1991 to 2002, and as Vice-President of the Australian Vice-Chancellors Committee in 1994 and 1995.  He played an influential role in the evolution of national policies for research and higher education from the mid-1980s, when he was the Chairman of the Australian Research Grants Committee, a member of the Australian Science and Technology Council, and Chairman of the Board of the Institute of Advanced Studies at the Australian National University. Appointed as the first Chairman of the Australian Research Council in 1988, he established the new body as a national research council of world class; its funding trebled during his term of office. He was made an Officer of the Order of Australia in 1998.
Reflective transformative design
The reflective transformative design process (RTDP) is a design method developed at Eindhoven University of technology department of Industrial design and proposes a more dynamic, and open design process compared to the more classical double diamond design process. Where the focus is on transforming society through design by continuously reflecting on your vision and the impact that the design will have. The sequence of the design path is not fixed, the focus is on reflection on the process and the result after each activity. It has overlap with the Lean startup method, in a way that it describes a cyclic, continuous process. It also has overlap with Action research, where research is done by actively participating in the research, in the case of RTDP the designer's artifact is participating in the context.

Action research
Action research is a philosophy and methodology of research generally applied in the social sciences. It seeks transformative change through the simultaneous process of taking action and doing research, which are linked together by critical reflection. Kurt Lewin, then a professor at MIT, first coined the term "action research" in 1944. In his 1946 paper "Action Research and Minority Problems" he described action research as "a comparative research on the conditions and effects of various forms of social action and research leading to social action" that uses "a spiral of steps, each of which is composed of a circle of planning, action and fact-finding about the result of the action".
Uskali Mäki
Ismo Uskali Mäki (born 8 February 1951 Helsinki) is a Finnish professor in the Department of Political and Economic Studies (Philosophy) at the University of Helsinki. He is also director of the Trends and tensions in Intellectual Integration centre, which was recently nominated "Finnish Centre of Excellence" in the Philosophy of the Social Sciences. Previous posts and roles have included his being a professor of philosophy at the Erasmus University of Rotterdam where he directed the Erasmus Institute for Philosophy and Economics and his being the editor of the Journal of Economic Methodology. His main research interests lie in the methodology of economics and the philosophy of the sciences including social sciences with his approach typically being described as a realist philosophy of economics. Mäki is currently serving as an Academy Professor for the Academy of Finland.

Journal of Economic Methodology
The Journal of Economic Methodology is a peer-reviewed academic journal in the field of economic methodology, including methodological analyses of the theory and practice of economics, the implications of developments in both the theory and practice of economics, economics's philosophical foundations, the rhetoric of economics, the sociology of economics, and the economics of economics. It is the official journal of the International Network for Economic Method.
2007–08 FIS Cross-Country World Cup Finals
The 2007–08 FIS Cross-Country World Cup Finals were the 1st edition of the FIS Cross-Country World Cup Finals, an annual cross-country skiing mini-tour event. The three-day event was held in Bormio, Italy. It began on 14 March 2008 and concluded on 16 March 2008. It was the final competition round of the 2007–08 FIS Cross-Country World Cup.

Pietro Piller Cottrer of Italy and Claudia Nystad of Germany won the first stage of the mini-tour; a prologue freestyle. The second stage, a mass start in classic technique, did not count as an ordinary World Cup race as no World Cup points were awarded on the stage. However, the stage counted in the World Cup Final overall standings and was won by Vincent Vittoz in the men's competition and by Virpi Kuitunen among the women. Vittoz and Kuitunen both lead the overall standings after two stages and both won the World Cup Final overall by defending their positions on the third stage.

Pietro Piller Cottrer
Pietro Piller Cottrer (born 20 December 1974) is an Italian former cross-country skier who won gold medal in the 4 ×10 km relay at the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin. He was born at Sappada in the province of Udine.
Sherman Silber
Sherman J. Silber is physician specializing in the field of infertility. He invented many of the infertility treatments in use today in the domain of IVF, sperm retrieval, ICSI, vasectomy reversal, tubal ligation reversal, egg and embryo freezing, ovary transplantation, and the reproductive biological clock. He performed the world's first ovary and testicle transplants, created and popularized the microsurgical vasectomy reversal, and popularized ovarian tissue freezing to preserve female fertility. He was the first to research the genetic causes of infertility in men, and developed the TESE-ICSI technique for extracting sperm from men with low or nonexistent sperm counts and direct injection of the sperm into the egg. Additionally, Silber has studied fertility in animals and performed microscopic surgery on chimpanzees, South American bush dogs, Przewalski's horse, gorillas, wolves, and other endangered species.

Ovary
The ovary (from Latin  ōvārium 'egg') is a gonad in the female reproductive system that produces ova; when released, an ovum travels through the fallopian tube/oviduct into the uterus. There is an ovary on the left and the right side of the body. The ovaries are endocrine glands, secreting various hormones that play a role in the menstrual cycle and fertility. The ovary progresses through many stages beginning in the prenatal period through menopause.
Rosa Paula Iribagiza
Rosa Paula Iribagiza Mwambutsa (born 20 March 1934) is the current pretender to the throne of Burundi. She was a sister of Burundi's last king, Mwami Ntare V (who had overthrown their father Mwambutsa IV in 1966), who was executed in 1972. In 2009, the Crown Princess called for an investigation into the death of her brother. She served as a member of the National Assembly of Burundi.

Kingdom of Burundi
The Kingdom of Burundi (French: Royaume du Burundi), also known as Kingdom of Urundi (Kirundi: Ubwami bw'Urundi), was a Bantu kingdom in the modern-day Republic of Burundi. The Ganwa monarchs (with the title of mwami) ruled over both Hutus and Tutsis. Created in the 16th century, the kingdom was preserved under German and Belgian colonial rule in the late 19th and early 20th century and was an independent state between 1962 and 1966.
2014 Bukit Gelugor by-election
A by-election was held for the Dewan Rakyat parliamentary seat of Bukit Gelugor on 25 May 2014 following the nomination day on 12 May 2014. The seat fell vacant after the passing of the incumbent MP, Karpal Singh in a motor accident near Kampar, Perak on 17 April 2014.

Kampar, Perak
Kampar (Perak Malay: Kampo) is a town located in the state of Perak, Malaysia, and serves as the administrative centre of Kampar District in Perak. Founded in 1887, the town lies within the Kinta Valley, an area rich in tin reserves. It was a tin mining town which boomed during the height of the tin mining industry. Many tin towns were established in the late 19th century, flourished in the 1900s, only to stagnate and decline after World War I, with the exception of an exhilarating boom in the 1920s. Most have closed down following the collapse of the industry, especially in the late 20th century.

Kampar is 33 km south of the state capital Ipoh, well connected by both Federal Route 1 and the KTM West Coast railway line.
Suplac
Suplac (Hungarian: Küküllőszéplak; Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈkykylːøːseːplɒk], meaning "nice place on the river Küküllő") is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania which is composed of five villages: Idrifaia (Héderfája), Laslău Mare (Oláhszentlászló), Laslău Mic (Kisszentlászló), Suplac, and Vaidacuta (Vajdakuta).

Târnava
The Târnava (full name in Romanian: Râul Târnava; Hungarian: Küküllő; German: Kokel; Turkish: Kokul or Kokulu) is a river in Romania. It is formed by the confluence of the Târnava Mare and Târnava Mică in the town of Blaj. The Târnava flows into the Mureș after 23 km near the town of Teiuș. The two source rivers of the Târnava are the Târnava Mare and Târnava Mică, and its tributaries include the Tur, Izvorul Iezerului, Secaș, and the Dunărița. Its drainage basin covers an area of 6,253 km2 (2,414 sq mi).: 22
Longmoor, Hampshire
Longmoor is a scattered settlement in Hampshire, England. The boundaries of Longmoor contain Longmoor Military Camp, a historic army camp and training area situated in the Longmoor Inclosure. It is now by the A3 road between Greatham and Liphook.

The camp of Longmoor had its own military railway from 1903 until its closure in 1969. The railway is notable for being used as a location for a number of films, including The Great St Trinian's Train Robbery (1966) and Chitty Chitty Bang Bang (1968).

Longmoor Military Railway
The Longmoor Military Railway (LMR) was a British military railway in Hampshire that was built by the Royal Engineers from 1903 to train soldiers on railway construction and operations. The railway ceased operation on 31 October 1969.
Bothma
Bothma is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Johannes Bothma (born 1988), South African cricketer

Michiel Bothma (born 1973), South African golfer

Myrtle Bothma (born 1964), South African hurdler

Renaldo Bothma (born 1989), South African-born Namibian rugby union footballer

Johannes Bothma
Johannes Paulus Bothma (born 28 March 1988) is a South African cricketer who currently plays for Western Province and the Cape Cobras. He is a right-handed batsman and right-arm fast bowler. Bothma started his career with Boland and made his first-class debut on 15 February 2007 against Western Province.

Bothma has also played club cricket in England with Colne of the Lancashire League, Whiston Parish Church Cricket Club, and Wolverhampton in the Birmingham Premier League.
Fortissimo Sunset Ceremony
The Fortissimo Sunset Ceremony is an annual Canadian military music event held on the grounds of Parliament Hill in the Canadian capital of Ottawa.

The ceremony is a combination of the historical Beating Retreat event which originated in the United Kingdom, a regular military tattoo, and the lowering of the Canadian flag. The ceremony, which usually takes place on a July evening, is organized by the Ceremonial Guard, whose bands are also the main event at the festival. The guard is an ad hoc unit formed for the summer months to attend various military functions and ceremonies. In previous years, foreign drill units have also taken part in the tattoo, including units such as the German Navy Silent Drill Team, the Band of America's Few, the Bermuda Regiment Band, the Old Guard Fife and Drum Corps and the 2nd Marine Aircraft Wing Band.

Wachbataillon
The Wachbataillon (full name: Wachbataillon beim Bundesministerium der Verteidigung [WachBtl BMVg], lit. 'Guard Battalion at the Federal Ministry of Defence') is the German Bundeswehr's honour guard. The Wachbataillon number about 1,000 soldiers stationed in Berlin. It consists of seven active companies (see list below) and belongs to the Streitkräftebasis (Joint Service Support Command) of the Bundeswehr. The soldiers of the Wachbataillon often refer to themselves as Protter or Protokollsoldaten, meaning protocol soldiers.
Melioratyvne
Melioratyvne (Ukrainian: Меліоративне; Russian: Мелиоративное) is a rural settlement in Novomoskovsk Raion, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, Ukraine. It is located a few kilometers east of Novomoskovsk. Melioratyvne belongs to Pishchanka rural hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 3,953 (2022 estimate).

Until 26 January 2024, Melioratyvne was designated urban-type settlement. On this day, a new law entered into force which abolished this status, and Melioratyvne became a rural settlement.

Zaporizhzhia
Zaporizhzhia, formerly known as Aleksandrovsk or Oleksandrivsk until 1921, is a city in southeast Ukraine, situated on the banks of the Dnieper River. It is the administrative centre of Zaporizhzhia Oblast. Zaporizhzhia has a population of 710,052 (2022 estimate).

Zaporizhzhia is known for the historic island of Khortytsia, multiple power stations and for being an important industrial centre. Steel, aluminium, aircraft engines, automobiles, transformers for substations, and other heavy industrial goods are produced in the region.
Simple Complexity
Simple Complexity or Ambiguity is an abstract 1939 oil on canvas painting, produced by Wassily Kandinsky in Neuilly-sur-Seine in France. It was given to the Musée National d'Art Moderne in Paris by its friends' association in 1959 but has been loaned to the Museum of Grenoble since 1988.

Museum of Grenoble
The Museum of Grenoble (French: Musée de Grenoble) is a municipal museum of Fine Arts and antiquities in the city of Grenoble in the Isère region of France.

Located on the left bank of the Isère River, place Lavalette, it is known both for its collections of ancient art and for its collections of modern and contemporary art. Thanks to the action of Andry-Farcy, one of its curators in the interwar period, it is considered the very best museum of modern art in France.

Its temporary rooms allow it to organize two exhibitions each year.
Alsophila jimeneziana
Alsophila jimeneziana, synonym Cyathea crassa, is a species of tree fern endemic to the Dominican Republic. Little is known about this rare tree fern.

A. jimeneziana is part of the Alsophila woodwardioides complex from the Greater Antilles, together with five other species: Alsophila fulgens, Alsophila grevilleana, Alsophila portoricensis, and Alsophila tussacii (all also placed in Cyathea).

This species is not conspecific with Alsophila crassa Karsten, which is based on material collected from wet, cold, montane forest at Mérida by Franz Engel in 1859. The Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World considers it to be a synonym of Cyathea clandestina. Because the specific epithet crassa is unavailable for this tree fern if placed in the genus Alsophila, having already been used by Karsten, David Conant published the replacement name Alsophila jimeneziana in 1983.

Cyathea
Cyathea is a genus of tree ferns, the type genus of the fern order Cyatheales.

The genus name Cyathea is derived from the Greek kyatheion, meaning "little cup", and refers to the cup-shaped sori on the underside of the fronds.
2012 Central Hockey League All-Star Game
The 2012 Central Hockey League All-Star Game was held on January 11, 2012, at Tim's Toyota Center in Prescott Valley, Arizona, home of the Arizona Sundogs, in the 2011–12 CHL season. The Sundogs lost 6–4 to the CHL's All-Stars.

Arizona Sundogs
The Arizona Sundogs were a minor league professional ice hockey team based in Prescott Valley, Arizona. They played in the Central Hockey League from 2006 to 2014 with their home games at Tim's Toyota Center.
Leben des Orest
Leben des Orest (The Life of Orestes) is a grand opera in five acts (eight scenes) with words and music both by Ernst Krenek. It is his Op. 60 and the first of his own libretti with an antique setting. The score is inscribed with the dates of composition, 8 August 1928 – 13 May 1929, and includes indications of recommended cuts made for the first production. It premiered at the Neues Theater in Leipzig on 19 January 1930, and opened at the Kroll Opera House in Berlin in early March of the same year (Leichtentritt 1930, 366).

Grand opera
Grand opera is a genre of 19th-century opera generally in four or five acts, characterized by large-scale casts and orchestras. The original productions consisted of spectacular design and stage effects with plots normally based on or around dramatic historic events. The term is particularly applied (sometimes specifically used in its French-language equivalent grand opéra, pronounced [ɡʁɑ̃t‿ɔpeʁa]) to certain productions of the Paris Opéra from the late 1820s to around 1860; 'grand opéra' has sometimes been used to denote the Paris Opéra itself.

The term 'grand opera' is also used in a broader application in respect of contemporary or later works of similar monumental proportions from France, Germany, Italy, and other countries.

It may also be used colloquially in an imprecise sense to refer to 'serious opera without spoken dialogue'.
This Time Next Year (film)
This Time Next Year is a 2024 romantic comedy film directed by Nick Moore, starring Lucien Laviscount and Sophie Cookson. It is an adaptation by Sophie Cousens of her novel of the same name. It was released in the United Kingdom on 3 June 2024.

Monica Dolan
Monica Margaret Dolan (born 15 March 1969) is an English actress. She won the BAFTA TV Award for Best Supporting Actress for playing Rosemary West in Appropriate Adult (2011) and the Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for All About Eve in 2019.
Baku Funicular
Baku Funicular (Azerbaijani: Bakı funikulyoru) is a funicular system in Baku, Azerbaijan. It connects a square on Neftchilar Avenue and Martyrs' Lane. It is the first and remains the only funicular system in the country.

Funicular
A funicular (/fjuːˈnɪkjʊlər, f(j)ʊ-, f(j)ə-/ few-NIK-yoo-lər, f(y)uu-, f(j)ə-), or funicular railway, is a type of cable railway system that connects points along a railway track laid on a steep slope. The system is characterized by two counterbalanced carriages (also called cars or trains) permanently attached to opposite ends of a haulage cable, which is looped over a pulley at the upper end of the track. The result of such a configuration is that the two carriages move synchronously: as one ascends, the other descends at an equal speed. This feature distinguishes funiculars from inclined elevators, which have a single car that is hauled uphill.

The term funicular derives from the Latin word funiculus, the diminutive of funis, meaning 'rope'.
2023 F4 Indian Championship
The 2023 F4 Indian Championship was the inaugural season of the F4 Indian Championship. It was a motor racing championship for open wheel, formula racing cars regulated according to FIA Formula 4 regulations. Initially, the series was planned to launch in 2022, before being postponed multiple times and then finally rescheduled to 2023. The season commenced on 4 November at the Madras International Circuit and concluded on 17 December at the same circuit.

Open-wheel car
An open-wheel car is a car with the wheels outside the car's main body, and usually having only one seat. Open-wheel cars contrast with street cars, sports cars, stock cars, and touring cars, which have their wheels below the body or inside fenders. Open-wheel cars are built both for road racing and oval track racing. Open-wheel cars licensed for use on public roads (street legal), such as the Ariel Atom, are uncommon, as they are often impractical for everyday use.
The Barn Theatre
The Barn Theatre in Augusta, Michigan, Kalamazoo County, United States is one of the oldest summer stock theatres in the United States and the oldest one in Michigan. It also houses The Barn Theatre School.

The barn theatre is just off the State Highway 96 by Augusta.

The theatre originated in 1946 when Jack Ragotzy, Betty Ebert and others formed the Village Players troupe. After playing several seasons in a community hall in a former Methodist church (in Richland), in 1949 Jack and Betty moved a dairy barn, which was converted into a theatre and was purchased by them in 1954. It was incorporated as "The Barn Theatre" in 1949. In 1951 it became an Equity theatre.

Its first show was the Finian's Rainbow musical.

Kalamazoo County, Michigan
Kalamazoo County (/ˌkæləməˈzuː/ KAL-ə-mə-ZOO) is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of 2020, the population was 261,670. The county seat is Kalamazoo. Kalamazoo County is included in the Kalamazoo–Portage, MI Metropolitan Statistical Area.