hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Changshao
The Battle of Changshao (Chinese: 長勺之戰) was a military conflict between Qi and Lu, two major principality states in the Shandong Peninsula during the Spring and Autumn period of the Zhou dynasty. The battle happened in the January (lunar calendar) of 684 BC at Changshao. Lu claimed the victory under the lead of general Cao Gui (曹劌). This battle is described in detail by Zuo Qiuming in his Spring and Autumn Commentary of Zuo (Zuozhuan), but it is not mentioned in Sima Qian's book of Shi Ji. This battle is considered as a classic example of winning by good military strategies, and the well-known chengyu 一鼓作氣 (yī gŭ zuò qì, lit: "first drum creates spirit", explained below) was derived from Cao Gui's assessment of the battle, as recorded by the Zuozhuan.

Shandong Peninsula
The Shandong Peninsula or Jiaodong (Tsiaotung) Peninsula is a peninsula in Shandong in eastern China, between the Bohai Sea to the north and the Yellow Sea to the south. The latter name refers its location being to the east of Jiaozhou.
Hypostomus cochliodon
Hypostomus cochliodon is a species of armored catfish native to the Paraguay and middle Paraná River basins in northern Argentina, southern Brazil and Paraguay. Initially it did not occur in the upper Paraná basin above the Guaíra Falls, but these disappeared after the construction of the Itaipu Dam, allowing this species (and several others) to spread. It grows to a standard length of 23 cm (9.1 in).

The species is sometimes kept in aquaria.

Unlike most other Loricariidae, it has been speculated that this fish is a wood-eating specialist alongside the usual plant material and algae (see also xylophagy in Panaque).

Paraguay River
The Paraguay River (Ysyry Paraguái in Guarani, Rio Paraguai in Portuguese, Río Paraguay in Spanish) is a major river in south-central South America, running through Brazil and Paraguay and forming parts of the Paraguay-Argentina, Brazil-Bolivia, and Brazil-Paraguay borders. It flows about 2,621 kilometres (1,629 mi) from its headwaters in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso to its confluence with the Paraná River north of Corrientes and Resistencia.
Qaryat ʽUmar al Mukhtar
Qaryat ʽUmar al Mukhtar  (Arabic: قرية عمر المختار) is a village in the District of Jabal al Akhdar in north-eastern Libya. It was named after the Libyan resistance leader Omar Mukhtar. Under the Italian rule it was known as Mameli after the Italian patriot Goffredo Mameli.

It is located 22 km south of Bayda.

Jabal al Akhdar
Jabal al Akhdar or The Green Mountain (Arabic: الجبل الأخضر al-Jabal al-Akhḍar) is one of the districts of Libya. It lies in the northeast of the country. The capital is Bayda. In its territory, close to the city of Shahhat, can be found the remains of the ancient Greek colony of Cyrene, and the neighbouring city of Apollonia, a major port in the Mediterranean Sea in antiquity. On land, it borders Derna in the east, Al Wahat in the south and Marj in the west.

Per the census of 2012, the total population in
was 157,747, with 150,353 Libyans.  Average household size was 6.9, compared to  3.7 for non-Libyans. There were a total of 22,713 households, 20,907 of them Libyan.  The population density was 1.86 persons per km2. Per the 2006 census, there were  70,321 economically active people.
Janeway lesion
Janeway lesions are rare, non-tender, small erythematous or haemorrhagic macular, papular or nodular lesions on the palms or soles only a few millimeters in diameter that are associated with infective endocarditis and often indistinguishable from Osler's nodes.

Bleeding
Bleeding, hemorrhage, haemorrhage or blood loss, is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged blood vessels. Bleeding can occur internally, or externally either through a natural opening such as the mouth, nose, ear, urethra, vagina, or anus, or through a puncture in the skin.
Hypovolemia is a massive decrease in blood volume, and death by excessive loss of blood is referred to as exsanguination. Typically, a healthy person can endure a loss of 10–15% of the total blood volume without serious medical difficulties (by comparison, blood donation typically takes 8–10% of the donor's blood volume). The stopping or controlling of bleeding is called hemostasis and is an important part of both first aid and surgery.
East Lancs European
The East Lancs European was a step entrance single-decker bus body that was built on the Scania L113CRL chassis by East Lancashire Coachbuilders during 1995 and 1996.

A step-entrance design, it was similar in appearance to the low-floor MaxCi on the N113CRL, but had a straight window line as opposed to a stepped/sloped one.

East Lancashire Coachbuilders
East Lancashire Coachbuilders Limited was a manufacturer of bus bodies and carriages founded in 1934 in Blackburn, Lancashire, England. The company went into administration for a short while in August 2007, before being bought by Darwen Group and performed a reverse takeover with Optare when its parent purchased the company in 2008 and its site and business was later closed in 2012.
Lamb v Camden LBC
Lamb v Camden LBC [1981] EWCA Civ 7, [1981] QB 625 is a leading case in English tort law. It is a Court of Appeal decision on negligence and the test of reasonable foreseeability of damage, especially where the damage has been caused by third parties not the defendant him or herself.

Negligence
Negligence (Latin: negligentia) is a failure to exercise appropriate care expected to be exercised in similar circumstances.

Within the scope of tort law, negligence pertains to harm caused by the violation of a duty of care through a negligent act or failure to act. The concept of negligence is linked to the obligation of individuals to exercise reasonable care in their actions and to consider foreseeable harm that their conduct might cause to other people or property. The elements of a negligence claim include the duty to act or refrain from action, breach of that duty, actual and proximate cause of harm, and damages. Someone who suffers loss caused by another's negligence may be able to sue for damages to compensate for their harm. Such loss may include physical injury, harm to property, psychiatric illness, or economic loss.
Lézardrieux
Lézardrieux (French pronunciation: [lezaʁdʁijø]; Breton: Lezardrev) is a commune in the Côtes-d'Armor department of Brittany in northwestern France.

The village is situated near the mouth of the estuary of the Trieux river - the suspension bridge (Pont de Lézardrieux) across the river at this point is a French national monument.  The Lézardrieux marina is a natural deep-water harbor located in the Trieux estuary. It has a capacity of 542 berths on pontoons and 199 moorings.

The Lézardrieux marina also offers a visitor area with 43 berths. The marina can accommodate boats up to 25 meters in length and with a maximum draft of 3 meters.

There are a variety of shops and other commercial enterprises - including two bakeries, a butcher and, several restaurants and bars.

Brittany (administrative region)
Brittany (French: Bretagne [bʁətaɲ] ⓘ; Breton: Breizh [brɛjs]; Gallo: Bertaèyn [bəʁtaɛɲ]) is an administrative region of Metropolitan France, comprising the departments of Côtes-d'Armor, Finistère, Ille-et-Vilaine, and Morbihan. Its capital and largest city is Rennes.

Bordered by the English Channel to the north, the Celtic Sea to the west, and the Atlantic Ocean (Bay of Biscay) to the south, Brittany's neighboring regions are Normandy to the northeast and Pays de la Loire to the southeast. It is one of two regions in Metropolitan France where all departments have direct access to the sea, the other being Corsica.

The region of Brittany is sometimes referred to as "administrative Brittany" in contrast to "historical Brittany" or "cultural Brittany", which also includes the Loire-Atlantique and whose potential reunification with the administrative region has been a subject of debate for decades.
1996 Challenge Bell – Doubles
Nicole Arendt and Manon Bollegraf were the defending champions, but Bollegraf decided not to participate this year. Arendt partnered with Katrina Adams, but lost in the semifinals to Debbie Graham and Brenda Schultz-McCarthy.

Graham and Schultz-McCarthy went on to win the title, defeating Amy Frazier and Kimberly Po 6–1, 6–4 in the final.

Manon Bollegraf
Manon Maria Bollegraf (born 10 April 1964) is a former professional tennis player from the Netherlands, who was a quarterfinalist at the singles event of the 1992 French Open, a finalist in doubles at the 1997 Wimbledon Championships, and a four-time mixed doubles Grand Slam champion. She also finished fourth in women's doubles at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta.
Reply 1988 10th Anniversary
Reply 1988 10th Anniversary (Korean: 응답하라 1988 10주년) is a South Korean entertainment program featuring the cast members of the television series Reply 1988 (2015–2016) as they participate in a reunion trip to celebrate the series' 10th anniversary. It aired on TvN every Friday at 20:40 (KST) from December 19, 2025 to January 2, 2026 for three episodes.

Lee Hye-ri
Lee Hye-ri (Korean: 이혜리; born June 9, 1994), better known mononymously as Hyeri, is a South Korean actress, singer, and television personality. She rose to fame as the youngest member of girl group Girl's Day, and was named as the "Nation's Little Sister" by the South Korean media outlets after appearing as a fixed cast member on Real Men (2014).

Hyeri later became known as the female lead in Reply 1988 (2015), which was the highest-rated drama in Korean cable television history at the time. After back-to-back success in variety and the small screen, Hyeri ranked third in Forbes Korea Power Celebrity list in 2016 and became one of the highest-paid commercial models in South Korea.

Hyeri was a regular cast member on Amazing Saturday from 2018 until 2020 when she left the show to focus on her acting career. She has since starred in the IQIYI series My Roommate Is a Gumiho (2021) and U+ Mobile TV's Friendly Rivalry (2025).
Eddie My Love
"Eddie My Love" is a 1956 doo wop song. According to BMI and ASCAP, the song was written by Maxwell Davis (BMI), Aaron Collins, Jr. (ASCAP), and Sam Ling (BMI). Maxwell Davis played sax on the Teen Queens record. Aaron Collins was the brother of the Teen Queens. Sam Ling was an alias of Saul Bihari, co-founder of Modern, RPM, and other labels; Bihari and his brothers regularly attached their names to songwriting credits (without contributing substantially to writing the songs) as a means of getting a cut of the royalties, as was common practice at the time.

The Teen Queens were the first to record the song, releasing their rendition on RPM in 1956. It became their biggest selling single, with several follow up records failing to generate the same success. The Chordettes and The Fontane Sisters also released hit versions of "Eddie My Love" in 1956.

Jim Jacobs and Warren Casey, in their 1971 musical Grease, parodied "Eddie My Love" as "Freddy, My Love."

Doo-wop
Doo-wop (also spelled doowop and doo wop) is a subgenre of rhythm and blues music that originated in African-American communities during the 1940s, mainly in the large cities of the United States, including New York, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Chicago, Baltimore, Newark, Detroit, Washington, D.C., and Los Angeles. It features vocal group harmony that carries an engaging melodic line to a simple beat with little or no instrumentation. Lyrics are simple, usually about love, sung by a lead vocal over background vocals, and often featuring, in the bridge, a melodramatically heartfelt recitative addressed to the beloved. Harmonic singing of nonsense syllables (such as "doo-wop") is a common characteristic of these songs. Gaining popularity in the 1950s, doo-wop was commercially viable until the early 1960s and continued to influence performers in other genres.
Yarrawonga Weir Power Station
Yarrawonga Weir Power Station is a hydroelectric power station at Lake Mulwala on the Murray River, Victoria, Australia. Yarrawonga Weir has a generating capacity of 9.5 megawatts (12,700 hp) of electricity.

It is a run-of-the-river generator with two Kaplan turbines each with a capacity to generate 4.75 MW. It was commissioned in 1994 and connects to the Victorian electricity grid at 22 kV.

Lake Mulwala
Lake Mulwala, a man-made reservoir created through the construction of the Yarrawonga Weir across the Murray River, is located between Bundalong and Yarrawonga in Hume region of Victoria and Mulwala in the Riverina region of New South Wales, in eastern Australia. The weir was constructed in 1939 to provide water for irrigation in the surrounding district. The weir also serves as a crossing of the Murray between the two towns; in addition to the crossing located via the Mulwala Bridge.
Original Local
Original Local:  Indigenous Foods, Stories and Recipes from the Upper Midwest is a recipe/collage book written by Heid E. Erdrich and published by the MN Historical Society Press in Minneapolis, Minnesota.  Heid E. Sherman is a member of the North Dakota Turtle Mountain Band of the Ojibwe people (and also half-German), currently based in South Minneapolis. Her cookbook explores native american cuisine and indigenous ingredients within a globally-aware framework that includes stories, recollections, and anecdotes.

Recipe
A recipe is a set of instructions that lists the ingredients and steps needed to prepare a specific dish or meal. A sub-recipe or subrecipe is a recipe for an ingredient that will be called for in the instructions for the main recipe. Recipe books (also called cookbooks or cookery books) are a collection of recipes, help reflect cultural identities and social changes as well as serve as educational tools.
Amplify (company)
Amplify (formerly Wireless Generation) is a curriculum and assessment company founded in 2000. It provides assessment and analytics for data-driven instruction and digital curriculum based on the Common Core State Standards.

Data-driven instruction
Data-driven instruction is an educational approach that relies on information to inform teaching and learning. The idea refers to a method teachers use to improve instruction by looking at the information they have about their students. It takes place within the classroom, compared to data-driven decision making. Data-driven instruction works on two levels. One, it provides teachers the ability to be more responsive to students’ needs, and two, it allows students to be in charge of their own learning. Data-driven instruction can be understood through examination of its history, how it is used in the classroom, its attributes, and examples from teachers using this process.
Batatoon
Batatoon was a Portuguese television program aimed at children that aired on TVI in various forms from 1998 to 2007. The show was presented by António Branco Batatinha and Companhia until 2002, after which Companhia left and the program left weekday afternoons.

Televisão Independente
TVI (Televisão Independente – "Independent Television") is Portugal's fourth terrestrial television channel, launched in 1993. It was the most watched channel in Portugal from 2005 to 2019, and again from 2024 to 2025. It competes directly with SIC and RTP1. It is one of the two private free-to-air channels in Portugal, among the seven terrestrial free-to-air channels broadcasting from the country.
Epack Durable
EPACK DURABLE is an Indian OEM and ODM manufacturer of living appliances. The company specializes in design and manufacturing of large domestic appliances such as air conditioners, washing machines, air coolers, small kitchen appliances and components. It is headquartered in Noida, Uttar Pradesh.

EPACK Durable is a publicly listed company on National Stock Exchange of India (NSE) and Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) as of 30th January 2024.

National Stock Exchange of India
National Stock Exchange of India Limited, also known as the National Stock Exchange (NSE), is an Indian stock exchange based in Mumbai.  It is the 5th largest stock exchange in the world by total market capitalization, exceeding $5 trillion in May 2024.

NSE is under the ownership of various financial institutions such as banks and insurance companies. As of 2024, it is the world's largest derivatives exchange by number of contracts traded and the third largest in cash equities by number of trades for the calendar year 2023.
Localeze
Localeze is a content manager for local search engines. The company, a service of Neustar, provides businesses with tools to verify and manage the identity of their local listings across the Web. The company works with local search platform partners and location-based  service partners, national brands and local business clients.

Content management
Content management (CM) are a set of processes and technologies that support the collection, managing, and publishing of information in any form or medium. When stored and accessed via computers, this information may be more specifically referred to as digital content, or simply as content.

Digital content may take the form of text (such as electronic documents), images, multimedia files (such as audio or video files), or any other file type that follows a content lifecycle requiring management.

The process of content development and management is complex enough that various commercial software vendors (large and small), such as Interwoven and Microsoft, offer content management software to control and automate significant aspects of the content lifecycle.
Sheep on the Road
54°35′47″N 5°55′07″W﻿ / ﻿54.5963°N 5.9187°W﻿ / 54.5963; -5.9187

Sheep on the Road is an outdoor sculpture located in Belfast, Northern Ireland. It is a life-size bronzes of six sheep and a shepherd, sculpted in 1991 by acclaimed Northern Irish sculptor, Deborah Brown.

The sculpture was first commissioned by the Arts Council of Northern Ireland for their sculpture garden at Riddell Hall, Belfast. In 1999, it was purchased by Laganside Corporation and moved to the entrance of Waterfront Hall.

Laganside Corporation
The Laganside Corporation was a non-departmental public body formed by the Laganside Development (Northern Ireland) Order 1989 with the goal of regenerating large sections of land in Belfast, Northern Ireland adjacent to the River Lagan. This development area was expanded in 1996 to include areas closer to the city centre.

The Lagan riverside suffered in particular from poor environmental conditions and the decline of the shipbuilding industry in the 1970s and 80s.

The corporation was wound up in March 2007 and its responsibilities transferred to the Department for Social Development.
Webcor Builders
Webcor is a commercial construction contractor with headquarters in San Francisco, California. The firm also has regional offices in Alameda, Los Angeles, San Diego, and San Jose, and is among the largest builders in California with clients including Google, Apple Inc., Samsung, Genentech, Brookfield Properties, University of California, Oracle Corporation, the California Academy of Sciences, eBay and Electronic Arts. It has been part of Obayashi since 2007.

Oracle Corporation
Oracle Corporation is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Austin, Texas. Co-founded in Santa Clara, California by Bob Miner, Ed Oates, and current chairman of the board and chief technology officer, Larry Ellison in 1977, Oracle is among the 20 largest companies in the world by market cap, and ranked 66th on the Forbes Global 2000 as of 2025.

The company sells database software (particularly the Oracle Database), enterprise applications, and cloud infrastructure and hardware. Oracle's core application software is a suite of enterprise software products, including enterprise resource planning (ERP), human capital management (HCM), customer relationship management (CRM), enterprise performance management (EPM), Customer Experience Commerce (CX Commerce) and supply chain management (SCM) software.
Great Shuttlesfield Down
Great Shuttlesfield Down is a 21.8-hectare (54-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest north of Folkestone in Kent.

This unimproved grassland is dominated by Sheep's fescue, upright brome and tor-grass, and it is grazed by sheep and cattle. Notable invertebrates are the rare adonis blue butterfly and two solitary wasps, Crossocerus cetratus and Crossocerus styrius.

The site is private land but a public footpath from Lyminge crosses the northern end. All land within Great Shuttlesfield Down SSSI is owned by the Ministry of Defence.

Adonis blue
The Adonis blue (Lysandra bellargus, also known as Polyommatus bellargus) is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It inhabits the Palearctic realm (Western Europe, Central Europe, Southern Europe, Southern Russia, Iraq, Iran, Caucasus, Transcaucasus, and Turkey).

It is found in chalk downland, in warm, sheltered spots, flying low over vegetation, seeking females that are rich chocolate brown in color. The male has brilliantly colored blue wings that give it its name.
Khawaspur Diara urf Topra
Khawaspur Diara urf Topra is a large village in Bihar, India, near the northern edge of Bhagalpur District. The village is located approximately 40 kilometres northeast of the district seat Bhagalpur, and is surrounded by the settlements of Nandi Gobind urf Chulia, Khawaspur Milik and Sangalbahita. In the 2011 census, it had a population of 35,545.

Bhagalpur district
Bhagalpur district (/ˈbɑːɡəlpʊər/) is one of the thirty-eight districts of the Indian state of Bihar, located in the southeastern region, with its administrative headquarters in the city of Bhagalpur. It is one of the oldest districts of Bihar. It is a part of Bhagalpur Division.
The Number Twelve Looks Like You
The Number Twelve Looks Like You  is an American mathcore band formed in Bergen County, New Jersey in 2001. The band went on a six-year hiatus in 2010. In May 2016, they performed a secret show and then announced their reunion.

Hot Topic
Hot Topic, Inc. is an American fast-fashion company specializing in counterculture-related clothing and accessories, as well as licensed music. The stores are aimed towards an audience interested in alternative music, anime, and video gaming, and most of their audience ranges from teens to young adults. In 2007, approximately 40% of Hot Topic's revenue came from sales of licensed band T-shirts. The majority of the stores are located in regional shopping malls.
Dubrower Berge
The Dubrower Berge are an ice age range of hills (end moraines) in the German state of Brandenburg.
They lie about six kilometres southeast of Fürstenwalde/Spree in the county of Oder-Spree in the triangle between the villages of Langewahl, Alt Golm in the municipality of Rietz-Neuendorf and Neu Golm in the municipality of Bad Saarow.

The name is derived from the Slavic dub which means oak.

The Dubrower Berge are easy to reach from Berlin or  Frankfurt/Oder on the A12 autobahn, just 2 kilometres to the north.

A transmission tower has been erected at their highest point, 150 metres above sea level (NN).

The extensive stands of woods and variety of landscapes in the Dubrower Berge and surrounding area are used by hikers and cyclists. Near the village of Langewahl in the Dubrower Berge is the Osterquelle spring.

Terminal moraine
A terminal moraine, also called an end moraine, is a type of moraine that forms at the terminal (edge) of a glacier, marking its maximum advance. At this point, debris that has accumulated by plucking and abrasion, has been pushed by the front edge of the ice, is driven no further and instead is deposited in an unsorted pile of sediment. Because the glacier acts very much like a conveyor belt, the longer it stays in one place, the greater the amount of material that will be deposited. The moraine is left as the marking point of the terminal extent of the ice.