hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pruska Mała
Pruska Mała [ˈpruska ˈmawa] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Augustów, within Augustów County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland.

One Polish citizen was murdered by Nazi Germany in the village during World War II.

Augustów County
Augustów County (Polish: powiat augustowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Podlaskie Voivodeship, north-eastern Poland, on the border with Belarus. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest city is Augustów, which lies 83 kilometres (52 mi) north of the regional capital Białystok. The only other town in the county is Lipsk, lying 32 km (20 mi) south-east of Augustów.

The county covers an area of 1,658.27 square kilometres (640.3 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 58,205.
FH Joanneum
FH Joanneum is one of the largest universities of applied sciences (UAS) in Austria. It has about 5,000 students and about 750 employees. The main campus is located in Graz and there are two additional locations in Kapfenberg and Bad Gleichenberg. All three are situated in the province Styria in Austria. FH Joanneum offers almost 70 degree programs in a variety of areas including business, technology, design, media, architecture, health and social services. The programmes are practically oriented, project-based and interdisciplinary.

Kapfenberg
Kapfenberg ([ˈkapfənbɛʁk]) is a city in the Bruck-Mürzzuschlag district of the Austrian state of Styria. It lies in the valley of the Mürz river in central Austria. With an estimated population of 22,080 individuals in 2024, it is the third largest city in Styria. The 13th century Oberkapfenberg castle hosts the annual Ritterfest ("knights festival").
Canterbury, Victoria
Canterbury is an eastern suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 10 km (6.2 mi) from the Melbourne Central Business District, located within the City of Boroondara local government area. Canterbury recorded a population of 7,800 at the 2021 census.

Known for its leafy green boulevards and historic residences, Canterbury is one of Melbourne's most expensive and exclusive suburbs.

City of Boroondara
The City of Boroondara (/bɒrənˈdɑːrə/) is a local government area in Victoria, Australia. It is located in the eastern suburbs of Melbourne. It was formed in June 1994 from the amalgamation of the Cities of Kew, Camberwell and Hawthorn.

It has an area of 60 square kilometres (23 sq mi). In the 2021 Census the city had a population of 167,903.

City of Boroondara participates in the Victorian Government's state-wide, Local Government Community Satisfaction Survey. This is conducted annually by an independent research company, JWS Research. In 2022 City of Boroondara achieved an index score of 71 on ‘Overall Performance’. This is significantly higher than the average ratings for metropolitan councils (index score of 65) and the state-wide average (index score of 59) and places Boroondara in the top-performing councils metro and state-wide.
2022 Columbus Challenger II
The 2022 Columbus Challenger II was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the twelfth edition of the men's tournament which was part of the 2022 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Columbus, United States between September 19 and 25, 2022.

Columbus Challenger
The Columbus Challenger is a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It is currently part of the ATP Challenger Tour and WTA 125K series. The ATP event is held annually in Columbus, Ohio, U.S., as it has been since 2015, the tournament's start. A one-time women's event was held in 2021.
AssemblyScript
AssemblyScript is a TypeScript-based programming language that is optimized for, and statically compiled to, WebAssembly (currently using asc, the reference AssemblyScript compiler). Resembling ECMAScript and JavaScript, but with static data types, the language is developed by the AssemblyScript Project with contributions from the AssemblyScript community.

ECMAScript
ECMAScript (/ˈɛkməskrɪpt/; ES) is a standard for scripting languages including JavaScript, JScript, and ActionScript. It is best known as a JavaScript standard intended to ensure the interoperability of web pages across different web browsers. It is standardized by Ecma International in the document ECMA-262.

ECMAScript is commonly used for client-side scripting on the World Wide Web, and is increasingly being used for server-side scripting and services using runtime environments such as Node.js, Deno and Bun.
Mayakovsky Peak
Mayakovsky Peak (Russian: Пик Маяковского) is a peak in Pamir Mountains.

It is located in the extreme south-west corner of Tajikistan's Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province (Ishkoshim District), where the north–south Ishkoshim Range joins the east–west Shakhdara Range. Elevation 6,096 m. Discovered in the early 1930s by Soviet explorer Pavel Luknitsky, who gave it a figurative name, Three-Headed Peak. After the first ascent by Soviet alpinists in 1947, the peak was renamed in honor of the Soviet Russian poet Vladimir Mayakovsky (1893-1930). The 1947 Soviet expedition was led by V. Budenov.

Pamir Mountains
The Pamir Mountains are a range of mountains between Central Asia and South Asia. They are located at a junction with other notable mountains, namely the Tian Shan, the Karakoram, the Kunlun, the Hindu Kush, and the Himalayas. They are among the world's highest mountains.

Much of the range lies in the Gorno-Badakhshan region of Tajikistan. Spanning the border parts of four countries, to the south, they border the Hindu Kush mountains along Afghanistan's Wakhan Corridor in Badakhshan Province, Chitral and Gilgit-Baltistan regions of Pakistan. To the north, they join the Tian Shan mountains along the Alay Valley of Kyrgyzstan. To the east, they extend to the range that includes China's Kongur Tagh, in the "Eastern Pamirs", separated by the Yarkand valley from the Kunlun Mountains.

Since the Victorian era, they have been known as the "Roof of the World", presumably a translation from Persian.
Seyfabad, Nishapur
Seyfabad (Persian: سيف اباد, also Romanized as Seyfābād) is a village in Mazul Rural District, in the Central District of Nishapur County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 91, in 26 families.

Nishapur County
Nishapur County (Persian: شهرستان نیشاپور) is in Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Nishapur, the second largest city in the province and the third largest city in Eastern Iran.
Indian National Congress (U)
The Indian National Congress (U) was a breakaway faction of the Indira Gandhi-led Congress (I), formed in July 1979 by D. Devaraj Urs, the then Chief Minister of Karnataka. Urs' explanation of the split was the return of Indira's son Sanjay Gandhi into the party fold. Urs took with him many legislators from Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra and Goa including future Union Ministers and Chief Ministers, Yashwantrao Chavan, Dev Kant Baruah, Kasu Brahmananda Reddy, A.K. Antony, Sharad Pawar, Sarat Chandra Sinha, Priyaranjan Das Munshi and K. P. Unnikrishnan.

Subsequently, D. Devaraj Urs joined Janata Party; Yashwantrao Chavan, Brahmananda Reddy, and Chidambaram Subramaniam joined Congress (Indira); and A. K. Antony split from Congress (U) to form Congress (A) in Kerala. When Sharad Pawar took over the party presidency in October 1981, the name of the party was changed to Indian Congress (Socialist).

Sanjay Gandhi
Sanjay Gandhi (14 December 1946 – 23 June 1980) was an Indian politician. He was a member of the Lok Sabha and was the younger son of Indira Gandhi and Feroze Gandhi.

During his lifetime, he was widely expected to succeed his mother as head of the Indian National Congress and Prime Minister of India, but following his death in a plane crash, his elder brother Rajiv became their mother's political heir and succeeded her as Prime Minister of India and President of the party after her assassination. His wife Maneka Gandhi and son Varun Gandhi are politicians in the Bharatiya Janata Party.
Iron(II) tetrafluoroborate
Iron(II) tetrafluoroborate or ferrous tetrafluoroborate is an inorganic chemical with chemical formula Fe(BF4)2. Both the anhydrous form and a hexahydrate are known. The hexahydrate and aqueous solutions are green. Tetrafluoroborate is generally a weakly coordinating anion, so iron(II) tetrafluoroborate is used as the starting material for forming various other iron(II) coordination complexes.

For example, a complex composed of iron(II) tetrafluoroborate and the ligand tris[2-(diphenylphosphino)-ethyl]phosphine catalyzes the transfer hydrogenation of various aldehydes to give the corresponding primary alcohols, using formic acid as hydrogen donor.

Primary alcohol
A primary alcohol is an alcohol in which the hydroxy group is bonded to a primary carbon atom. It can also be defined as a molecule containing a "–CH2OH" group.
In contrast, a secondary alcohol has a formula "–CHROH" and a tertiary alcohol has a formula "–CR2OH", where "R" indicates a carbon-containing group.

Examples of primary alcohols include ethanol, 1-propanol, and 1-butanol.

Methanol is also generally regarded as a primary alcohol, including by the 1911 edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica.
Plutonium sulfides
Plutonium sulfides are compounds of plutonium and sulfur, where sulfur exists as sulfide or polysulfide ions and plutonium exists in the trivalent state or tetravalent state. They have a general formula PuxSy. Known plutonium sulfides include PuS, Pu3S4, Pu5S7, Pu2S3, and PuS2. Plutonium oxysulfides (mixed oxide-sulfides) are also known, including Pu2O2S, Pu4O4S3, PuOS, and Pu2O2S3. Many of them are isostructural to the corresponding neptunium sulfides.

Sulfide
Sulfide (also sulphide in British English) is an inorganic anion of sulfur with the chemical formula S2− or a compound containing one or more S2− ions.  Solutions of sulfide salts are corrosive. Sulfide also refers to large families of inorganic and organic compounds, e.g. lead sulfide and dimethyl sulfide. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and bisulfide (HS−) are the conjugate acids of sulfide.
KK Kolubara LA 2003
Košarkaški klub Kolubara Lazarevac 2003 (Serbian Cyrillic: Кошаркашки клуб Колубара Лазаревац 2003), commonly referred to as KK Kolubara LA 2003, is a men's professional basketball club based in Lazarevac, Serbia. The club was named after Kolubara River. They are currently competing in the Basketball League of Serbia.

Basketball League of Serbia
The Basketball League of Serbia (Serbian: Кошаркашка лига Србије, romanized: Košarkaška liga Srbije), commonly abbreviated as KLS, is a top-tier men's professional basketball league in Serbia. Founded in 2006. It is currently not run by the Basketball Federation of Serbia (KSS).
St. Andrew Strait
St. Andrew Strait is a compound volcano in Papua New Guinea that has had eruptions in historical times. The volcano is not linked to any tectonic plates, the volcano is also in an area of very few earthquakes, suggesting that St. Andrew Strait is an Intraplate volcano. It consists of a group of Quaternary volcanic cones that are mainly rhyolitic in composition. The volcanism is curved, suggesting that the volcano has an ancient caldera. The centre of the volcano is Lou Island. Lou island last erupted in 240 BC (give or take 100 years) and 340 AD, both eruptions came from the Bendal volcano. Lou island is the largest eruptive centre of the volcano, with 6 volcanic vents. The Pam Islands (Pam Lin and Pam Mandian) also contain fresh deposits. Historic eruptions have come from the Tuluman Islands.

Lou Island
Lou Island is an island of the Admiralty Islands, part of the Bismarck Archipelago, located in northern Papua New Guinea.

Lou Island has four main villages: Rei, Lako, Baon and Solang.

The local Lou language belongs to the Admiralty Islands languages, a aubgroup of the Austronesian language family.
SS Betty Zane
SS Betty Zane (MC contract 873) was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II. She was named after Betty Zane, a frontier heroine of the American Revolutionary War and ancestor of author Zane Grey.

The ship was laid down by North Carolina Shipbuilding Company in their Cape Fear River yard on November 20, 1942, then launched on December 22, 1942. Zane was operated by the States Marine Corporation for the War Shipping Administration until December 1946 when she entered the National Defense Reserve Fleet at Wilmington, North Carolina.

In November 1943 while in the Mediterranean Sea she was attacked by numerous German aircraft, downing a Ju 88. Zane was sold to a Greek firm in December 1946 and renamed Anastassios Pateras.  She was scrapped in 1968

North Carolina Shipbuilding Company
North Carolina Shipbuilding Company was a shipyard in Wilmington, North Carolina, created as part of the U.S. Government's Emergency Shipbuilding Program in the early days of World War II. From 1941 through 1946, the company built 243 ships in all, beginning with the Liberty ship SS Zebulon B. Vance, and including 54 ships of the US Navy. Most of the latter were attack cargo ships (AKA), amphibious force flagships (AGC) and ammunition ships (AE).
Silk Avia
Silk Avia LCC, better known as Silk Avia or Silkavia, is a regional airline based in Uzbekistan with its hub at Tashkent International Airport. The airline was established as a low-cost carrier and is a partner of Uzbekistan Airways. Silk Avia is owned by Uzbekistan Helicopters. Currently, Silk Avia operates flights to 15 destinations, with plans to expand its network to 40 destinations. Silk Avia has adopted the IATA and ICAO codes of "US" and "USA".

Bangkok Airways
Bangkok Airways Public Company Limited (Thai: บริษัท การบินกรุงเทพ จำกัด (มหาชน)) is a regional airline based in Bangkok, Thailand. It operates scheduled services to destinations in Thailand, Cambodia, Hong Kong, Laos, Maldives, and Singapore. Its main base is Suvarnabhumi Airport in the Thai capital Bangkok.
Millennium Challenge Corporation
The Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) is a bilateral United States foreign aid agency established by the U.S. Congress in 2004. It is an independent agency separate from the State Department and USAID. It provides grants to countries that have been determined to have good economic policies and potential for economic growth. The country qualification process is objective, involving scores provided by third parties in 20 different areas. An eligible country must apply for a grant with a specific project in mind.

According to the OECD, the United States’ total official development assistance (ODA) (USD 55.3 billion, preliminary data) increased in 2022, mainly due to support to Ukraine, as well as increased costs for in-donor refugees from Afghanistan. ODA represented 0.22% of gross national income (GNI).

The Heritage Foundation
The Heritage Foundation (or simply Heritage) is an American right-wing think tank based in Washington, D.C. Founded in 1973, it took a leading role in the conservative movement in the 1980s during the presidency of Ronald Reagan, whose policies were taken from Heritage Foundation studies, including its Mandate for Leadership.

The Heritage Foundation has had significant influence in U.S. public policy making, and has historically been ranked among the most influential public policy organizations in the United States. In 2010, it founded a sister organization, Heritage Action, an influential activist force in conservative and Republican politics.

Heritage leads Project 2025, also known as the 2025 Presidential Transition Project, an extensive plan that includes appointing ideologically aligned civil servants, restricting abortion access, opposing LGBTQ+ rights, transforming federal agencies for political purposes, and imposing strict immigration policies.
The Larches (Cambridge, Massachusetts)
The Larches is a historic house at 22 Larch Road in Cambridge, Massachusetts.  This 2+1⁄2-story wood-frame house was built c. 1808, and originally stood on one of the last of Cambridge's large Brattle Street estates to be subdivided.  It was moved to its present location in 1915, at which time it underwent renovations and alterations designed by Alexander Wadsworth Longfellow Jr.  The building's interior and exterior both retain significant Federal style detailing.  The house was built by William Gray, a Salem merchant, as a summer house.  Twentieth century owners included composer Randall Thompson.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Brattle Street (Cambridge, Massachusetts)
Brattle Street in Cambridge, Massachusetts, called the "King's Highway" or "Tory Row" before the American Revolutionary War, is the site of many buildings of historical interest, including the modernist glass-and-concrete building that housed the Design Research store,
and a Georgian mansion where George Washington and Henry Wadsworth Longfellow both lived (though at different times), as well as John Vassall and his seven slaves including Darby Vassall. Samuel Atkins Eliot, writing in 1913 about the seven Colonial mansions of Brattle Street's "Tory Row," called the area "not only one of the most beautiful but also one of the most historic streets in America."  "As a fashionable address it is doubtful if any other residential street in this country has enjoyed such long and uninterrupted prestige."
Plant-induced systemic resistance
Induced systemic resistance (ISR) is a resistance mechanism in plants that is activated by infection. Its mode of action does not depend on direct killing or inhibition of the invading pathogen, but rather on increasing physical or chemical barrier of the host plant. Like the Systemic Acquired Resistance (SAR) a plant can develop defenses against an invader such as a pathogen or parasite if an infection takes place. In contrast to SAR, which is triggered by the accumulation of salicylic acid, ISR instead relies on signal transduction pathways activated by jasmonate and ethylene.

Ethylene
Ethylene (IUPAC name: ethene) is a hydrocarbon which has the formula C2H4 or H2C=CH2. It is a colourless, flammable gas with a faint "sweet and musky" odour when pure. It is the simplest alkene (a hydrocarbon with carbon–carbon double bonds).

Ethylene is widely used in the chemical industry, and its worldwide production (over 225 million tonnes in 2022) exceeds that of any other organic compound. Much of this production goes toward creating polyethylene, which is a widely used plastic containing polymer chains of ethylene units in various chain lengths. Production emits greenhouse gases, including methane from feedstock production and carbon dioxide from any non-sustainable energy used.

Ethylene is also an important natural plant hormone and is used in agriculture to induce ripening of fruits. The hydrate of ethylene is ethanol.
Engleromyces sinensis
Engleromyces sinensis is a species of fungus in the family Xylariaceae. It was described as new to science in 2010, based on specimens collected in 1958 and incorrectly identified as Engleromyces goetzii. The fungus is known only from China, where it grows on bamboo culms. It forms fruit bodies in the shape of two roughly circular buff-colored lobes measuring up to 50 cm (20 in) in diameter that envelop the bamboo. E. sinensis has been used as a folk remedy against cancer and infection in Tibet, Yunnan, and Sichuan Provinces. Several bioactive metabolites have been isolated and identified from the fungus.

Culm (botany)
A culm is the aerial (above-ground) stem of a grass or sedge. It is derived from the Latin word culmus, meaning "stalk". It originally referred to the stem of any type of plant.

In horticulture or agriculture, it is especially used to describe the stalk or woody stems of bamboo, cane or grain grasses.
Du har det där
Du har det där is the debut studio album by Swedish dansband Grönwalls. It was released on 29 October 1992. Being the band's debut album, it was nominated for a Grammis Award. The songs "Du har det där" and "Du ringde från Flen" also became Svensktoppen hit songs.

Svensktoppen
Svensktoppen (Swedish: [ˈsvɛ̂nːskˌtɔpːɛn]) is a weekly record chart airing on Sveriges Radio. Until January 2003, the songs had to be in the Swedish language. Svensktoppen has aired since 1962, except for the years 1982–1985. In the years leading up to the January 2003 change, the programme was strongly dominated by dansband music.

The first number-one hit song was "Midnattstango" performed by Swedish crooner Lars Lönndahl.

New rules on 17 January 2016 restricted the maximum length for a song to chart to one year.
Court Farm, Pembrey
Court Farm in Pembrey, Carmarthenshire, Wales, is an ancient and formerly imposing manor house which is now an overgrown ruin, but structurally sound, and capable of repair and restoration. It consists of three buildings: the farmhouse, a complex two-storey house of approximately 99 square metres; an adjacent barn; and a later cowshed.

Conservation and restoration of immovable cultural property
Conservation and restoration of immovable cultural property describes the process through which the material, historical, and design integrity of any immovable cultural property are prolonged through carefully planned interventions. The individual engaged in this pursuit is known as an architectural conservator-restorer. Decisions of when and how to engage in an intervention are critical to the ultimate conservation-restoration of cultural heritage. Ultimately, the decision is value based: a combination of artistic, contextual, and informational values is normally considered. In some cases, a decision to not intervene may be the most appropriate choice.
Nasan
The Nasan Clustered File System is a shared disk file system created by the company DataPlow. Nasan software enables high-speed access to shared files located on shared, storage area network (SAN)-attached storage devices by utilizing the high-performance, scalable data transfers inherent to storage area networks and the manageability of network attached storage (NAS).

Nasan derives its name from the combination of network attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN).  Nasan clustered file sharing is an extension of traditional LAN file sharing yet utilizes storage area networks for data transfers. Deploying a Nasan cluster entails configuring LAN file sharing, installing Nasan file system software, and connecting computers and storage devices to the SAN.

Storage area network
A storage area network (SAN) or storage network is a computer network which provides access to consolidated, block-level data storage. SANs are primarily used to access data storage devices, such as disk arrays and tape libraries from servers so that the devices appear to the operating system as direct-attached storage. A SAN typically is a dedicated network of storage devices not accessible through the local area network (LAN).

Although a SAN provides only block-level access, file systems built on top of SANs do provide file-level access and are known as shared-disk file systems.

Newer SAN configurations enable hybrid SAN and allow traditional block storage that appears as local storage but also object storage for web services through APIs.