hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Brownian snake
A Brownian snake is a stochastic Markov process on the space of stopped paths. It has been extensively studied., and was in particular successfully used as a representation of superprocesses.

Informally, superprocesses are the scaling limit of branching processes, except each particle splits and dies at infinite rates. The Brownian snake is a stochastic object that enables the representation of the genealogy of a superprocess, providing a link between super-Brownian motion and Brownian trees. In other words, even though infinitely many particles are constantly born, we can still keep track of individual trajectories in space, or of when two given present-day particles have split from a common ancestor in the past.

Stopping time
In probability theory, in particular in the study of stochastic processes, a stopping time (also Markov time, Markov moment, optional stopping time or optional time) is a specific type of "random time": a random variable whose value is interpreted as the time at which a given stochastic process exhibits a certain behavior of interest. A stopping time is often defined by a stopping rule, a mechanism for deciding whether to continue or stop a process on the basis of the present position and past events, and which will almost always lead to a decision to stop at some finite time.

Stopping times occur in decision theory, and the optional stopping theorem is an important result in this context. Stopping times are also frequently applied in mathematical proofs to "tame the continuum of time", as Chung put it in his book (1982).
Triphenyltin compounds
Triphenyltin compounds are organotin compounds with the general formula (C6H5)3SnX. They contain the triphenyltin group, (C6H5)3Sn, or Ph3Sn, which consists of an atom of tin bonded to three phenyl groups. Examples of triphenyltins include:

Triphenyltin hydride, Ph3SnH

Triphenyltin hydroxide, Ph3SnOH

Triphenyltin chloride, Ph3SnCl

Triphenyltin acetate, Ph3SnOAc

Triphenyltin compounds have been used extensively as algicides and molluscicides in antifouling products since the 1960s, together with tributyltin compounds, and both these classes of compounds are of local (but not global) environmental concern because they are persistent organic pollutants. They are also used in organic synthesis to generate radicals or cleave carbon-oxygen bonds.

Organic synthesis
Organic synthesis is a branch of chemical synthesis concerned with the construction of organic compounds. Organic compounds  are molecules consisting of combinations of covalently-linked hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen atoms. Within the general subject of organic synthesis, there are many different types of synthetic routes that can be completed including total synthesis, stereoselective synthesis, automated synthesis, and many more. Additionally, in understanding organic synthesis it is necessary to be familiar with the methodology, techniques, and applications of the subject.
Nina Stemme
Nina Maria Stemme (born Thöldte, 11 May 1963) is a Swedish dramatic soprano opera singer.

Stemme "is regarded by today's opera fans as our era's greatest Wagnerian soprano". In 2010, Michael Kimmelman wrote of one of Stemme's performances in Richard Wagner's opera Die Walküre, "As for Brünnhilde, Nina Stemme sang gloriously. It's hard to recall anyone's sounding more commanding or at ease in the part, and that includes Kirsten Flagstad".

Kirsten Flagstad
Kirsten Malfrid Flagstad (12 July 1895 – 7 December 1962) was a Norwegian opera singer, who was the outstanding Wagnerian soprano of her era. Her triumphant debut in New York on 2 February 1935 is one of the legends of opera. Giulio Gatti-Casazza, the longstanding General Manager of the Metropolitan Opera said, "I have given America two great gifts — Caruso and Flagstad."

Called "the voice of the century", she ranks among the greatest singers of the 20th century. Desmond Shawe-Taylor wrote of her in the New Grove Dictionary of Opera: "No one within living memory surpassed her in sheer beauty and consistency of line and tone."
Kulay
"Kulay" (transl. Color) is a song recorded by the Filipino boy band BGYO. It was released on 1 October 2021 as a digital single by Star Music on behalf of "Old School Records". The song was written and composed by Kiko KIKX Salazar and Nhiko Sabiniano for the official soundtrack of the Miss Universe Philippines 2021 National Costume Competition.

The track became an instant favorite upon the release of the music video.

Miss Universe Philippines 2021
Miss Universe Philippines 2021 was the second Miss Universe Philippines pageant, held at the Henann Resort Convention Center in Alona Beach, Panglao, Bohol, on September 30, 2021. Originally scheduled to be held on September 25, 2021, the event was postponed to September 30, 2021 due to the sudden surge of COVID-19 cases in the Philippines.

Rabiya Mateo of Iloilo City crowned Beatrice Gomez of Cebu City as Miss Universe Philippines 2021 at the end of the event. Gomez eventually represented the Philippines at the Miss Universe 2021 pageant in Eilat, Israel, in December 2021 and finished as a finalist.

Contestants from twenty-eight localities competed in this edition. The pageant was hosted by KC Montero. Filipino singers Sam Concepcion and Michael Pangilinan performed as musical guests.
Highland Park High School (New Jersey)
Highland Park High School (HPHS) is a four-year comprehensive public high school that serves students in ninth through twelfth grades from the borough of Highland Park, in Middlesex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, as the lone secondary school of the Highland Park Public Schools system.

The school has been accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Elementary and Secondary Schools since 1940.

As of the 2024–25 school year, the school had an enrollment of 493 students and 42.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 11.7:1. There were 172 students (34.9% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 28 (5.7% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools
The Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools (also referred to as the Middle States Association or MSA) is an accreditor in the United States. Historically, it has accredited schools in the Mid-Atlantic states region of the Northeastern United States. The peer-based, Philadelphia-based non-profit association was founded in 1887. It is a voluntary organization that performs peer evaluation and regional accreditation of public and private schools (including parochial / religious-owned and independent secular schools).

The association has two commissions, the Middle States Commission on Elementary Schools (MSCES) and Middle States Commission on Secondary Schools (MSCSS). A higher education commission, the Middle States Commission on Higher Education (MSCHE), operates completely independently of the other two commissions. MSCSS also accredits some institutions that offer postsecondary education but only those that do not confer academic degrees or offer technical programs.
Ordensgesetz
The Gesetz über Titel, Orden und Ehrenzeichen ("Law of Titles, Orders and Honours"), often shortened to Ordensgesetz ("Orders Law"), is a federal law of Germany detailing the treatment and handling procedures for civilian and military decorations. The law was enacted on July 26, 1957, and served two primary purposes. First, it stipulated how medals and military decorations from before 1945 should be handled (including those from the days of the Weimar Republic, which had been influenced by laws in 1933 and 1937 under the government of Nazi Germany). Second, it was intended to describe treatment and procedures for medals in the (then newly created) Federal Republic of Germany.

Military awards and decorations
Military awards and decorations are distinctions given as a mark of honor for military heroism, meritorious or outstanding service or achievement. A decoration is often a medal consisting of a ribbon and a medallion.

Civil decorations awarded to military personnel should not be considered military decorations, although some orders of chivalry have civil and military divisions. Decorations received by police and fire brigade personnel may sometimes be considered alongside military decorations, on which they may be modelled, although they are strictly not military awards.

Military awards and decorations may take the form of medal ribbons or miniature medals, which are mounted together on a bar known as a barrette.
April 2033 lunar eclipse
A total lunar eclipse will occur at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Thursday, April 14, 2033, with an umbral magnitude of 1.0955. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon's near side entirely passes into the Earth's umbral shadow. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. A total lunar eclipse can last up to nearly two hours, while a total solar eclipse lasts only a few minutes at any given place, because the Moon's shadow is smaller. Occurring about 2.9 days before apogee (on April 11, 2033, at 22:30 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter will be smaller.

This lunar eclipse is the third of a tetrad, with four total lunar eclipses in series, the others being on April 25, 2032; October 18, 2032; and October 8, 2033.

Tetrad (astronomy)
In astronomy, a tetrad is a set of four total lunar eclipses within two consecutive years.

The frequency of tetrads varies by century with the frequency of total lunar eclipses. This repeating cycle is called a tetradia. See Eclipse cycle for more information.
Taboada Bridge
42°40′46″N 8°12′36″W﻿ / ﻿42.67944°N 8.21000°W﻿ / 42.67944; -8.21000

The Taboada Bridge (Ponte Taboada; Puente Taboada) is a historic stone arch bridge crossing the Deza River on the boundary between the municipalities of Silleda and Lalín in the Province of Pontevedra, Galicia, Spain. A Latin inscription on a nearby rock records works on the bridge in the Hispanic Era 950 (corresponding to AD 912), although an archaeological assessment commissioned by the Xunta de Galicia concludes that the present structure was likely rebuilt in the 16th or 17th century. The bridge forms part of the route network of the Camino de Santiago, listed by Turismo de Galicia on both the Camino de Invierno and the Vía de la Plata. It is included in the Inventario de Puentes Históricos de Galicia (Historic Bridge Inventory of Galicia) under code P0-43.

Arch bridge
An arch bridge is a bridge with abutments at each end shaped as a curved arch. Arch bridges work by transferring the weight of the bridge and its loads partially into a horizontal thrust restrained by the abutments at either side, and partially into a vertical load on the arch supports. A viaduct (a long bridge) may be made from a series of arches, although other more economical structures are typically used today.
United Arab Emirates at the 2024 Summer Olympics
United Arab Emirates competed at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris from 26 July to 11 August 2024. It was the nation's eleventh consecutive appearance at the Summer Olympics.

The United Arab Emirates failed to secure a single Olympic medal for a second time, the first being in 2020. Aram Grigorian came close to an Olympic podium in the men's 90 kg in judo, but fell short to bronze medalist Theodoros Tselidis of Greece.

Theodoros Tselidis
Theodoros Tselidis (Greek: Θεόδωρος Τσελίδης; born 5 August 1996; in Russia known as Fyodor Nikolayevich Tselidi; Russian: Фёдор Николаевич Целиди) is a Greek judoka. He won a bronze medal in judo while representing Greece at the 2024 Summer Olympics. He won a bronze medal for Greece at the 2018 European Championships. He also won a bronze medal at the 2018 Mediterranean Games.
Alfréd Jindra
Alfréd Jindra (31 March 1930 – 7 May 2006) was a Czechoslovak canoe sprinter who competed for Czechoslovakia in the early 1950s. He won a bronze medal in the C-1 10000 m event at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki. Jindra was born and died in Prague.

Czechoslovakia at the Olympics
Czechoslovakia first participated at the Olympic Games in 1918, after having competed as Bohemia from 1900 to 1912. The nation sent athletes to compete in every Summer Olympic Games since then, except for the 1984 Games when they were part of the Soviet-led boycott of the 1984 Summer Olympics.
Czechoslovakia has participated in every Winter Olympic Games since the inaugural Games of 1924.

After the dissolution of Czechoslovakia in 1993, the Czech Republic and Slovakia sent independent teams to the Olympics starting in 1994.

Czechoslovak athletes have won a total of 143 medals at the Summer Games, mostly in gymnastics. The nation also won 25 medals at the Winter Games, with ski jumping and ice hockey as the top medal-producing sports.
Korongo Airlines
Korongo Airlines sprl (after the Swahili term for large migrating birds) was an airline from the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DR Congo), headquartered in Lubumbashi. It was founded on behalf of Brussels Airlines and other Belgian investors in 2009, and operated scheduled regional flights from its base at Lubumbashi International Airport.

On 4 September 2015, Korongo Airlines ceased all operations because it did not have enough reservations (despite a 70% load factor), and because of damage caused to the only airplane in the fleet a week earlier.

Société à responsabilité limitée
In France and other French-speaking countries, a société à responsabilité limitée (French pronunciation: [sɔsjete a ʁɛspɔ̃sabilite limite], abbreviated as SARL, S.à r.l. [ɛsaɛʁɛl] ⓘ and roughly translatable in English as "private limited company") is a type of business corporation where the liability of the members does not extend beyond the capital already contributed. Because of its limited liability and separate legal personality, it is closely comparable to a private limited company.

The term SARL first arose out of a statute dated May 23, 1863, but at that time, it referred to a form of joint-stock company unrelated to the modern SARL.

The current SARL was developed in Germany as the Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung by an 1892 Bill. The SARL has been a legally recognized corporate structure in France since 1925.
Kym Russell
Kym Russell (born 11 April 1968) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Collingwood in the Australian Football League (AFL).

Russell came to Collingwood from Sturt (South Australian National Football League (SANFL) club Sturt, with the 98th selection of the 1989 VFL Draft. He broke into the senior side for the first time midway through the 1991 AFL season and made three appearances for the reigning premiers. His younger brother, Scott Russell, was a teammate in each of those games.

Back in South Australia, Russell went on to play a total of 170 SANFL matches, 130 with Sturt and the other 40 for Norwood.

He was CEO of West Adelaide from 2009 to 2013.

1989 VFL draft
The 1989 VFL draft was the fourth annual national draft held by the Victorian Football League (since changed its name to Australian Football League) as the main method for the 14 teams to recruit players for the 1990 season.  It consisted of a trading period, pre-draft selections, the main national draft and the 1990 pre-season draft and a non-compulsory 1990 mid-year draft. The minimum age for most draftees was 16 and clubs other than the West Coast Eagles were only allowed to choose one player each from Western Australia. For the non-Queensland and NSW clubs, players from those states had to be 19 to be selected, by which time the Brisbane Bears or Sydney Swans would have had three chances to recruit them.
Richard Paris (cyclist)
Richard Paris (8 April 1942 – 4 October 2017) was an Australian cyclist. He competed in the 1000m time trial at the 1964 Summer Olympics. Paris set the fastest time in the amateur Goulburn to Sydney Classic in 1973 run in reverse direction from Milperra to Goulburn.

Hoxton Park
Hoxton Park is a suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Hoxton Park is located 38 kilometres west of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the City of Liverpool and is part of the Greater Western Sydney region.

Hoxton Park also had a small sealed airstrip, Hoxton Park Airport which was used for general aviation and training until its closure and destruction in 2008.
Sohrab Goth Town
Sohrab Goth Town (Urdu: سہراب گوٹھ) is a suburban area in the Malir district of Karachi, Pakistan, that previously was a part of Gadap Town until 2011. It acts as an entry point to Karachi from the rest of Pakistan. A bridge over the Lyari River connects other areas of Karachi to Sohrab Goth. The construction of the bridge started in 2000 and was completed in 2006.

Malir District
Malir District (Urdu: ضلع ملير) is an administrative district of Karachi Division in Sindh, Pakistan created in 1996 by bifurcation of District Karachi East. According to the 2023 Pakistani census, District Malir had a population of 2,419,736 (2.4 million).
1957 Canoe Sprint European Championships
The 1957 Canoe Sprint European Championships were held in Ghent, Belgium from 23 to 25 August 1957. This was the 4th edition of the event. The men's competition consisted of four canoe and nine kayak events. Two events were held for women, both in kayak.

Canoe
A canoe is a lightweight, narrow water vessel, typically pointed at both ends and open on top, propelled by one or more seated or kneeling paddlers facing the direction of travel and using paddles.

In British English, the term canoe can also refer to a kayak, whereas canoes are then called Canadian or open canoes to distinguish them from kayaks. However, for official competition purposes, the American distinction between a kayak and a canoe is almost always adopted. At the Olympics, both conventions are used: under the umbrella terms Canoe Slalom and Canoe Sprint, there are separate events for canoes and kayaks.
Aglaia silvestris
Aglaia silvestris is a species of plant in the family Meliaceae. It is found in Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, the Solomon Islands, Thailand, and Vietnam. This plant initiated the naming of the Rocaglamide derivatives silvestrol and episilvestrol. In fact they were derived from the fruits and twigs of Aglaia foveolata.

Rocaglamide
Rocaglamide is a natural product which belongs to a class of molecules called flavaglines. This compound was isolated in 1982 by Ming-Lu King (金明儒) and colleagues based on its antileukemic activity. The name of Rocaglamide is named from two parts: Roc- and aglamide. Roc- means Republic of China (中華民國), where this product was first isolated; aglamide indicates this product is isolated from Large-leaved Aglaia (Scientific name: Aglaia rimosa).  Like other flavaglines, rocaglamide displays potent insecticidal, antifungal, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. Rocaglamide A (RocA) inhibits eukaryotic translation initiation by binding to the translation initiation factor eIF4A and converting it into a translational repressor.

Rocaglamide was first synthesized by Barry Trost in 1990. Although other syntheses have been described since, Trost’s remains the only one to afford rocaglamide in an enantio-specific manner.
Tomislav Pucar
Tomislav Pucar (born 26 January 1996) is a Croatian table tennis player. In February 2017 he won the men's singles title at the inaugural European Under-21 Championships in Sochi.

As of 2018, Pucar is playing for TTC RhönSprudel Fulda-Maberzel in the German Bundesliga. From 2021 Pucar is playing for Olympiacos SFP in the Greek A1 Division and from 2022 he is playing for Apuania Carrara Tennistavolo in the  Italian Serie A1.

ITTF World Tour
The ITTF World Tour, known as the ITTF Pro Tour until 2011, was an annual series of table tennis tournaments introduced by International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF) in 1996. The tour includes events in seven categories: Men's and Women's Singles, Men's, Women's, and Mixed Doubles, and Under-21 Men's and Women's Singles. The tour has its own points system, with players accumulating points based on their performances in the tournaments they enter.
Geoff Kruth
Geoff Kruth is an American wine professional. He founded and was president of GuildSomm, a nonprofit that helps prepare candidates for the Master Sommelier exam, and was featured in the 2012 documentary SOMM as an expert on the process of becoming certified as a Master Sommelier.

Kruth resigned his position as Master Sommelier from the Court of Master Sommeliers in 2020 after being caught up in an organization-wide sexual harassment scandal during the Me Too movement; according to the New York Times, almost a dozen women accused him of sexual misconduct over a period of many years. Some of the accusations involved coercive pressure to exchange sex for professional favors.

After the sexual misconduct accusations he resigned his position at GuildSomm.

Somm (film)
Somm is a 2012 American documentary following the attempts of four candidates to pass the extremely difficult Master Sommelier examination, a test with one of the lowest pass rates in the world.  Directed by Jason Wise, a sequel, Somm: Into the Bottle, was released in 2015 and a third film, Somm 3, came out in October 2018. A TV series based on the movie launched on the Esquire Network in November 2015. In 2019, SOMM TV was launched by creator Jason Wise with original shows.
Vili Tolutaʻu
Vili Tolutaʻu (born January 26, 1994) is an American rugby union player who plays as a forward for the New England Free Jacks in Major League Rugby (MLR). He also represents America playing for the United States men's national team.

Prior to joining the Free Jacks, Tolutaʻu played for the Seattle Seawolves for 2 full seasons and the shortened 2020 MLR season. Tolutaʻu was a part of two-time championship winning Seawolves in 2018 and 2019, as well as being the MVP of the Championship Match in 2018.

Tolutaʻu previously represented the United States at the international level with several age-grade sides. Tolutaʻu also previously played for the USA Falcons, the developmental side for the United States men's national rugby sevens team.

Seattle Seawolves
The Seattle Seawolves are an American professional rugby union team based in the Seattle metropolitan area that competes in Major League Rugby (MLR). The team was founded in 2017. The Seawolves won two MLR championships in 2018 and 2019, and lost in the 2022 final and 2024 final. They play home matches at the 4,000-seat main stadium at Starfire Sports in Tukwila, a suburb south of Seattle.
Bayi Kylin
Bayi Kylin (Chinese: 八一麒麟; pinyin: Bāyī Qílín) is a Chinese women's professional basketball club in the Women's Chinese Basketball Association, owned by the People's Liberation Army. The team has been based in Honggutan New District, Nanchang, Jiangxi since 2017.

The kylin (also spelled qilin) is a mythical animal in Chinese culture.

Nanchang
Nanchang is the capital of Jiangxi, China. Located in the north-central part of the province and in the hinterland of Poyang Lake Plain, it is bounded on the west by the Jiuling Mountains, and on the east by Poyang Lake. Because of its strategic location connecting the prosperous East and South China, it has become a major railway hub in Southern China in recent decades.

As the Nanchang Uprising in 1927 is distinctively recognized by the ruling Communist Party as "firing the first gunshot against the Nationalists", the current government has therefore named the city since 1949 "the place where the People's Liberation Army was born", and the most widely known "place where the military banner of the People's Liberation Army was first raised".

Nanchang is also a major city, appearing among the top 100 cities in the world by scientific research outputs, as tracked by the Nature Index and home to Nanchang University.