hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Galilei number
In fluid dynamics, the Galilei number (Ga), sometimes also referred to as Galileo number, is a dimensionless number named after Italian scientist Galileo Galilei (1564-1642).

It may be regarded as proportional to gravity forces divided by viscous forces.  The Galilei number is used in viscous flow and thermal expansion calculations, for example to describe fluid film flow over walls. These flows apply to condensers or chemical columns.

g: gravitational acceleration, (SI units: m/s2)

L: characteristic length, (SI units: m)

ν: characteristic kinematic viscosity, (SI units: m2/s)

Second
The second (symbol: s) is a unit of time derived from the division of the day, first into hours, then into minutes, and lastly into seconds, for a total of 24 × 60 × 60 = 86,400 seconds per day. The definition that is based on 1⁄86400 of a rotation of the earth is still used by the Universal Time 1 (UT1) system.

The current and formal definition in the International System of Units (SI) is more precise:

The second [...] is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the caesium frequency, ΔνCs, the unperturbed ground-state hyperfine transition frequency of the caesium 133 atom, to be 9192631770 when expressed in the unit Hz, which is equal to s−1.

This current definition was adopted in 1967 when it became feasible to define the second based on fundamental properties of nature with caesium clocks. As the speed of Earth's rotation varies and is slowing ever so slightly, a leap second is added at irregular intervals to civil time to keep clocks in sync with Earth's rotation.
Virginie Grimaldi
Virginie Grimaldi (born 1977) is a French novelist. She published her first novel Le premier jour du reste de ma vie in 2015 and followed this with Tu comprendras quand tu seras plus grande (2016), Le parfum du bonheur est plus fort sous la pluie (2017), Il est grand temps de rallumer les étoiles (2018), Quand nos souvenirs viendront danser (2019), Et que ne durent que les moments doux (2020). Her six novels all became bestsellers. Many of her works – notably the first ones – had been analysed by some media as being close to chick lit and "feel-good" literature. In 2020 she reached second place on the Le Figaro/GfK Top 10 of French novelists selling the most books in France.

Le Livre de Poche
Le Livre de Poche (literally "The Pocket Book") is the name of a collection of publications which first appeared on 9 February 1953 under the leadership of Henri Filipacchi and published by the Librairie générale française, a subsidiary of Hachette. In terms of its influence on the mainstream book market, it shares a similar popularity in France as publishers like Penguin and Signet do in English-speaking territories.
Baseball at the 2007 South Pacific Games
Baseball was contested by five teams at the 2007 South Pacific Games. Palau won the gold medal, New Caledonia won the silver, American Samoa won the bronze. Fiji and Samoa were the other participating nations.

2007 South Pacific Games
The 13th South Pacific Games (Samoan: Taʻaloga Lona-Sefulu-Tolu a le Pasefika i Saute), also known as Apia 2007, were held from 25 August to 8 September 2007 in Apia, Samoa. The Games were the thirteenth to be held since the inception of the South Pacific Games in 1963, and included traditional multi-sport event disciplines, such as athletics and swimming, alongside region-specific and smaller events such as outrigger canoeing, surfing and lawn bowls.

The principal venue for the Games was Apia Park, with other events taking place at the Faleata Sporting Complex and at other locations around Samoa. The cost of the games was reported to be US$92 million and resulted in significant government debt for Samoa due to infrastructure projects which included replacement bridges and roads.
2011 MAAC men's basketball tournament
The 2011 Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference men's basketball tournament took place from March 4–7, 2011 at the Webster Bank Arena in Bridgeport, Connecticut.  The tournament was won by Saint Peter's to be crowned with the Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference championship and the conference's automatic bid into the 2011 NCAA tournament.

Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference
The Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference (MAAC, /mæk/) is a collegiate athletic conference affiliated with NCAA Division I. Its current 13 full members are located in five Northeastern states: Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York.

Members are all relatively small private institutions, a majority Catholic or formerly Catholic, with the only exceptions being two secular institutions: Rider University and Quinnipiac University.

The MAAC currently sponsors 25 sports and has 17 associate member institutions.
Transgressive segregation
In genetics, transgressive segregation is the formation of extreme phenotypes, or transgressive phenotypes, observed in segregated hybrid populations compared to phenotypes observed in the parental lines. The appearance of these transgressive (extreme) phenotypes can be either positive or negative in terms of fitness. If both parents' favorable alleles come together, it will result in a hybrid having a higher fitness than the two parents. The hybrid species will show more genetic variation and variation in gene expression than their parents. As a result, the hybrid species will have some traits that are transgressive (extreme) in nature. Transgressive segregation can allow a hybrid species to populate different environments/niches in which the parent species do not reside, or compete in the existing environment with the parental species.

Genetic variation
Genetic variation is the difference in DNA among individuals or the differences between populations among the same species.  The multiple sources of genetic variation include mutation and genetic recombination.  Mutations are the ultimate sources of genetic variation, but other mechanisms, such as  genetic drift, contribute to it, as well.
Hylobius abietis
Hylobius abietis  or the large pine weevil is a beetle belonging to family Curculionidae.  This species is widely regarded as the most important pest of most commercially important coniferous trees in European plantations. Seedlings planted or arising from natural regeneration (germinated seed-fall) after clear felling operations are especially at risk. The adult weevils cause damage by eating the bark of seedlings around the 'collar' of the stem, thus 'ring-barking' the tree seedling which usually results in its demise.

Curculionidae
The Curculionidae are a family of weevils, commonly called snout beetles or true weevils. They are one of the largest animal families with 6,800 genera and 83,000 species described worldwide. They are the sister group to the family Brentidae.

They include the bark beetles as the subfamily Scolytinae, which are modified  in shape in accordance with their wood-boring lifestyle. They do not much resemble other weevils, so they were traditionally considered a distinct family, Scolytidae. The family also includes the ambrosia beetles, of which the present-day subfamily Platypodinae was formerly considered the distinct family Platypodidae.
Trina Davis
Trina Rochelle Davis (born 6 September 2001) is a professional footballer who plays as a forward for the club FC Olympia. Born in the United States, she represents the Fiji women's national team at international level. She is the first Fiji woman professional soccer player.

Puerto Rico Sol FC
Puerto Rico Sol FC was a Puerto Rican association football club from Mayagüez that played in the Liga Puerto Rico, the highest level of football in Puerto Rico. After the end of the 2022 Liga Puerto Rico season the club announced that it would not return the next season and therefore it disappeared.
Rod Williams (Australian footballer)
Rod Williams (born 28 April 1948) is a former  Australian rules footballer who played with South Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Following the end of his VFL career, Williams played for Eaglehawk Football Club in the Bendigo Football League.

Bendigo Football Netball League
The Bendigo Football Netball League (previously known as the Bendigo and District Football Association, Bendigo Football Association and Bendigo Football League) is an Australian rules football and netball competition based in the Bendigo region of Victoria.
Bhaiyya Bhaiyya
Bhaiyya Bhaiyya (Theatrical name: Bhayya Bhayya) is a 2014 Malayalam comedy film directed by Johny Antony and scripted by Benny P. Nayarambalam starring Kunchacko Boban and Biju Menon in lead roles. The film also features Nisha Agarwal (in her debut Malayalam film), Vinutha Lal, Innocent, Suraj Venjarammood, Salim Kumar and Vijayaraghavan in other important roles. It features music by Vidyasagar and cinematography by Vinod Illampally and was largely shot at Erayil Kadavu Kottayam, Tamil Nadu and Kolkata. Produced by Laisamma Pottoore under Nobel Andre Production, Bhaiyya Bhaiyya released on 5 September 2014.

Salim Kumar
Salim Kumar (born 10 October 1969) is an Indian actor, comedian, director and writer in Malayalam cinema. Mostly known for his comic and comedy roles, Salim Kumar is considered one of the best and most prominent comedians in the history of Malayalam cinema.

In his later career, Salim Kumar also found success in playing character roles and won the National Film Award for Best Actor in 2010 for his role in Adaminte Makan Abu (which also won the year's Kerala State Film Award). His directorial film Karutha Joothan won the 2017 Kerala State Film Award for Best Story. He has also won the Kerala State Film Award for Second Best Actor for Achanurangatha Veedu (2005) and a Kerala State Television Award for Best Actor (2013).
Ignacio Warnes Province
Ignacio Warnes is one of the fifteen provinces of the Bolivian Santa Cruz Department and is situated in the department's central parts. The province name honors Colonel Ignacio Warnes (1772–1816), a military leader in the South American war of independence.

Santa Cruz Department
Santa Cruz (Spanish pronunciation: [ˌsanta ˈkɾus]) is the largest of the nine constituent departments of Bolivia, occupying about one-third (33.74%) of the country's territory. With an area of 370,621 km2 (143,098 sq mi), it is slightly smaller than Japan or the US state of Montana. It is located in the eastern part of the country, sharing borders in the north and east with Brazil and with Paraguay in the south.

In the 2024 census, it had an estimated population of 3.1 million, making it the most populated department. Its capital city is Santa Cruz de la Sierra. The department is one of the wealthiest departments in Bolivia, with huge reserves of natural gas. Besides, it has experienced the highest increase of economic growth during the last 50 years in Bolivia and South America.
Marc-André Moreau
Marc-André Moreau (born January 22, 1982, in Chambly, Quebec) is a Canadian freestyle skier.

Moreau, a mogulist has placed in the top-3 in World Cup events on three occasions. In 2004, he won a World Cup event in Mont-Tremblant, Quebec, and he picked up a silver medal at the 2005 moguls world championships in Ruka, Finland.

At the 2006 Winter Olympics, Moreau placed fourth in the Moguls event.

Chambly, Quebec
Chambly (French pronunciation: [ʃɑ̃bli]) is an off-island suburb of Montreal in southwestern Quebec, Canada. It is located in the Montérégie region, inland from the South Shore of the Saint Lawrence River.

It was formed from the merger in 1965 of Fort-Chambly (formerly Chambly-Canton prior to 1952) and the old city of Chambly (formerly Chambly-Basin prior to 1952, and earlier sometimes called Bassin-de-Chambly).
Ripiphoridae
Ripiphoridae (formerly spelled Rhipiphoridae) is a cosmopolitan family of some 450 described species of beetles sometimes called "wedge-shaped beetles". Ripiphoridae are unusual among beetle families in that many species are hypermetamorphic parasitoids, an attribute that they share with the Meloidae. Members of the family differ in their choice of hosts, but most attack various species of bees or wasps, while some others attack cockroaches or beetles. Many species of Ripiphoridae have abbreviated elytra, and flabellate or pectinate antennae.

Blister beetle
Blister beetles are beetles of the family Meloidae, so called for their defensive secretion of a blistering agent, cantharidin. About 2,500 species are known worldwide. Many are conspicuous and some are aposematically colored, announcing their toxicity to would-be predators.
Dialogic telephony cards
Dialogic telephony cards was a line of PC expansion cards developed in the 1990s by Dialogic Inc., at the time Media & Signaling Division of Intel Corporation, for computer telephony applications. The cards were produced by Sangoma Technologies Corporation.

The cards were available in ISA, VME, PCI and PCIe bus versions, and were used in PC-based proprietary software solutions for automated telephone systems running on the Wintel platform, including Microsoft Windows NT/2000/XP, NT Server/Server 2000/Server 2003, as well as Solaris and Linux.

The cards were produced in analog phone (2 to 24-port RJ-11) and digital ISDN (T1 up to 96 channels, or E1 up to 120 channels, 1 to 4 port RJ-48C or BNC) line configurations depending on usage.

Dialogic Group
Dialogic Group, Inc., formerly Dialogic Corporation, was an American multinational technology company headquartered in Parsippany, New Jersey, United States. Prior to its acquisition by Enghouse Systems of Ontario in 2020, it had operations in over 25 countries. Dialogic provided a cloud-optimized communications technology for real-time communications media, applications, and infrastructure to service providers, enterprises, and developers.
Mea Bernal
Mea Dematao Bernal (born 24 November 1989) is a Filipino footballer who plays as a defender for PFF Women's League club Manila Digger. She has also played for the Philippines women's national team.

Bernal scored her first international goal in the Philippines 11–0 win over Macau in a friendly held in Carmona on 3 August 2019.

She has also played for the women's football team of the Far Eastern University in the UAAP Football Championship. In the 2013 season, Bernal was named as the Best Defender.

PFF Women's League
The PFF Women's League (PFFWL) is the top-flight of women's association football in the Philippines.

The league was launched by the Philippine Football Federation (PFF) in 2014, with its first season held from 2016 to 2017. It has featured various women's teams including bona fide clubs and university teams.
Den of Thieves (company)
Den of Thieves is an American television production company. Founded by Jesse Ignjatovic and Evan Prager, the company primarily produces television specials and award shows, including the MTV Video Music Awards, the iHeartRadio Music Awards, the People's Choice Awards, and the Peabody Awards.

Television special
A television special (often TV special, or rarely television spectacular) is a standalone television show that may also temporarily interrupt episodic programming normally scheduled for a given time slot. Some specials provide a full range of entertainment and informational value available via the television medium (news, drama, comedy, variety, cultural), in various formats (live television, documentary, studio production, animation, film), and in any viewing lengths (short films, feature films, miniseries, telethons).
Everything Is Broken
"Everything is Broken" is an uptempo rock song written and recorded by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, and released as the first single from his 1989 album Oh Mercy, where it appears as the third track. It was later anthologized on the compilation albums The Essential Bob Dylan in 2000 and Dylan in 2007. The song spent eight weeks on Billboard's "Mainstream Rock Songs" chart, peaking at number eight on October 27, 1989. It was produced by Daniel Lanois.

Dylan (2007 album)
Dylan is a greatest hits album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan. The collection was released on October 2, 2007 by Columbia Records and Legacy Recordings with worldwide distribution through Sony BMG. It was released as a single-disc CD and a three-disc Deluxe Edition (containing 51 songs), which was released as a digipack and a box set presented in replica-vinyl packaging, along with 10 postcards and an extensive booklet.
The Deluxe Edition includes the 1971 version of "You Ain't Goin' Nowhere" although the album's liner notes erroneously state that it is the 1967 version.
Norðoyar
The six islands in the northeast of the Faroe Islands are together referred to as Norðoyar, i.e. the Northern Isles (Danish: Norderøerne). These Islands from west to east are Kalsoy, Kunoy, Borðoy, Viðoy, Svínoy and Fugloy. Klaksvík is the biggest settlement of the region. Norðoyar is sometimes spelled Norðoyggjar.

In the 1946 independence referendum, 67.3% of Norðoyar voters chose independence, the highest proportion out of any Faroese region.

1946 Faroese independence referendum
An independence referendum was held in the Faroe Islands, an autonomous territory of the Kingdom of Denmark, on 14 September 1946. Although a narrow majority of valid votes were cast in favour of the proposal (50.7%), the number of invalid votes exceeded the winning margin. Although independence was declared by the Speaker of the Løgting on 18 September 1946, the declaration was not recognised by Denmark. King Christian X of Denmark dissolved the Løgting and called fresh elections, which were won by unionist parties. The islands were subsequently given a greater level of self-rule.
Michael Vaughan-Lee
Michael Rogers Vaughan-Lee is a mathematician and retired academic. He was Professor of Mathematics at the University of Oxford from 1996 to 2010 and a tutor at Christ Church, Oxford, between 1971 and 2010.

LMS Journal of Computation and Mathematics
LMS Journal of Computation and Mathematics was a peer-reviewed online mathematics journal covering computational aspects of mathematics published by the London Mathematical Society.  The journal published its first article in 1998 and ceased operation in 2017.  An open access archive of the journal is maintained by Cambridge University Press.
Drumm
Drumm is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arthur E. Drumm (born 1929), American inventor and businessman

Don Drumm (sculptor), American sculptor

Don Drumm (singer), American singer

Emily Drumm (born 1974), New Zealand cricketer

James J. Drumm, Irish inventor

Kevin Drumm (born 1970), American musician

Leroy Drumm (1936–2010), American songwriter

Máire Drumm (1919–1976), Northern Ireland politician

Thomas E. Drumm (1909–1990), American government official

Thomas William Drumm (1871–1933), Irish-born American Roman Catholic bishop

Tommy Drumm (born 1955), Irish Gaelic footballer

Fictional characters:

Daniel Drumm, character in Marvel Comics

Leroy Drumm
Leroy Maxey Drumm (September 26, 1936 – November 26, 2010) was an American bluegrass and country songwriter whose work became part of the recorded repertoire of several prominent artists in the genre. He is best known as co-writer of "Colleen Malone," recorded by Hot Rize, which won the International Bluegrass Music Association (IBMA) Song of the Year award in 1991.

Drumm was part of the songwriting partnership of Pete Goble and Leroy Drumm, which was profiled in Bluegrass Unlimited in 1988 for its contributions to the bluegrass repertoire.
Athletics at the 2019 Pan American Games – Men's 400 metres hurdles
The men's 400 metres hurdles competition of the athletics events at the 2019 Pan American Games will take place between the 6 and 8 of August at the 2019 Pan American Games Athletics Stadium. The defending Pan American Games champion is Jeffery Gibson from the Bahamas.

Jeffery Gibson
Jeffery Gibson (born 15 August 1990) is a Bahamian sprint athlete from Grand Bahama who mainly competes in the 400 metres and 400 metres hurdles. He is the Bahamian national record holder in the latter event with a 49.39 seconds clocking during the semi-finals of the 2013 NCAA Championships. He attended Bishop Michael Eldon School formerly Freeport Anglican High School. He later competed for Oral Roberts University following in the foot steps of compatriot Andretti Bain.
Colleter (botany)
Colleters are plant structures, multicellular secretory hairs, found in groups near the base of petioles, on stipules, and on sepals.  They are found in members of the Loganiaceae and Rubiaceae families.

Rubiaceae
Rubiaceae (/ruːbiˈeɪsiːˌiː, -siˌaɪ/) is a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules and sympetalous actinomorphic flowers. The family contains about 14,200 species in about 615 genera, which makes it the fourth-largest angiosperm family by number of species. Rubiaceae has a cosmopolitan distribution; however, the largest species diversity is concentrated in the tropics and subtropics. Economically important genera include  Coffea, the source of coffee; Cinchona, the source of the antimalarial alkaloid quinine; ornamental cultivars (e.g., Gardenia, Ixora, Pentas); and historically some dye plants (e.g., Rubia).
Bugs Bunny's Christmas Carol
Bugs Bunny's Christmas Carol is an eight-minute animated film produced by Warner Bros. Television and DePatie–Freleng Enterprises, and aired on CBS on November 27, 1979 as the first segment of the Christmas special, Bugs Bunny's Looney Christmas Tales.

The cartoon is an adaptation of the Charles Dickens 1843 novella A Christmas Carol, featuring Yosemite Sam as Ebenezer Scrooge, Porky Pig as Bob Cratchit, and Tweety Bird as Tiny Tim. Bugs Bunny plays the ghost of Jacob Marley and Scrooge's nephew, Fred. Scrooge's dream-journey into his past, present, and future is omitted; instead, Fred dresses up as Marley's ghost to scare the unhappy protagonist straight.

DePatie–Freleng Enterprises
DePatie–Freleng Enterprises, Inc. (also known as Mirisch-Geoffrey-DePatie-Freleng Productions when involved with the Mirisch brothers and Geoffrey Productions, and DFE Films) was an American animation studio founded by former Warner Bros. Cartoons employees in May 1963, before being acquired by Marvel in 1980 and renamed Marvel Productions. Based in Burbank, California, DFE produced animation for film and television.

Notable among the productions that the studio produced are the opening titles for The Pink Panther (1963), its first, second, and fifth sequels, and an associated series of animated theatrical shorts featuring the Pink Panther character, as well as entries in the Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies series from 1964 to 1967, the Dr. Seuss television specials from 1971 to 1982, the lightsaber effects in the original Star Wars (1977), and the Bod Squad and Time for Timer series of public service announcements for ABC in the mid 1970s.
4-Methylbenzaldehyde
4-Methylbenzaldehyde is the aromatic aldehyde with the formula CH3C6H4CHO. It is a colorless liquid. Commercially available, it may be prepared from the Friedel-Crafts formylation of toluene with carbon monoxide and hydrogen chloride under Gattermann-Koch conditions. 4-Methylbenzaldehyde has a cherry-like scent similar to benzaldehyde, and finds some use in the fragrance industry.

4-Methylbenzaldehyde is a precursor to terephthalic acid, which is used to make various plastics.

Aldehyde
In organic chemistry, an aldehyde (/ˈældɪhaɪd/) (lat. alcohol dehydrogenatum, dehydrogenated alcohol) is an organic compound containing a functional group with the structure R−CH=O. The functional group itself (without the "R" side chain) can be referred to as an aldehyde but can also be classified as a formyl group. Aldehydes are a common motif in many chemicals important in technology and biology.