hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Kirkhbulakh
The Battle of Kirkhbulakh (Georgian: ყირხბულახის ბრძოლა) was fought in 1751 in the village of Kirkhbulakh between the Kingdoms of Kartli and Kakheti commanded by Heraclius II against the Azad Khan Afghan's armies, ending with Azad Khan Afghan's army defeated.

Kingdom of Kartli
The Kingdom of Kartli (Georgian: ქართლის სამეფო, romanized: kartlis samepo) was a late medieval and early modern monarchy in eastern Georgia, centred on the province of Kartli, with its capital at Tbilisi. It emerged in the process of a tripartite division of the Kingdom of Georgia in 1478 and existed, with several brief intervals, until 1762 when Kartli and the neighbouring Georgian kingdom of Kakheti were merged through dynastic succession under the Kakhetian branch of the Bagrationi dynasty. Through much of this period, the kingdom was a vassal of the successive dynasties of Iran, and to a much shorter period Ottoman Empire, but enjoyed intermittent periods of greater independence, especially after 1747.
Saint Joseph's Seminary (Plainsboro, New Jersey)
Saint Joseph's Seminary was an American Roman Catholic educational institution located in Plainsboro, New Jersey, though with an address in Princeton, New Jersey. It was founded in 1914 and was operated by the Congregation of the Mission, better known as the Vincentian Fathers, for the formation of their members and other candidates to the Catholic priesthood.  The school closed in 1992 and a retreat center occupied the site until 2009. The Mother of God Orthodox Church had also occupied a small portion of the seminary until 2015 when American Boychoir School had been relocated there. The site is now home to private schools, but the Chapel of the Miraculous Medal is now home to the Princeton Abbey and Cemetery. The Abbey is now a public cemetery and event space for the Princeton area.

The Very Reverend
The Very Reverend (abbreviated as The Very Revd or The Very Rev) is an honorific style  given to certain (primarily Western) Christian clergy and ministers.

The definite article "the" should always precede "Reverend" when used before a name (e.g., the Very Rev. John Smith), because "Reverend" is an honorific adjective, not a title.
Gharib (film)
Gharib (Unknown) (Persian: غریب) is a 2023 Iranian biographical war film directed by Mohammad Hosein Latifi. Gharib portrays the story of an Iranian hero, Mohammad Boroujerdi, in Kurdistan in 1981–1982.

Gharib won six awards and earned 10 nominations at the 41st Fajr Film Festival.

Mohammad Boroujerdi
Mohammad Boroujerdi (Persian: محمد بروجردی, 1955 – 1983/05/22) was an Iranian Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps commander during the Iran–Iraq War. He played key roles in regaining control over the territories of Kurdistan by Iranian forces.
Dumitru Dragomir
Dumitru "Mitică" Dragomir (born 30 May 1946) is a former president of the Romanian Professional Football League from 1996 until 2014. Before that, he served as the president of Chimia Râmnicu Vâlcea, Olt Scorniceşti, FCM Braşov, and Victoria București.

He also sat in the Romanian Chamber of Deputies from 2000 to 2008, representing Vâlcea County and winning election twice, more specifically in 2000 and in 2004. He was a member of the Greater Romania Party (PRM) for most of that period, but resigned from the party in September 2008 and sat as an independent MP for the remainder of his second term.

On 23 June 2016, Dragomir was sentenced to 7 years' imprisonment for tax evasion, embezzlement, and money laundering. The sentence was not final. He was acquitted of all charges by the Bucharest Court of Appeals in November 2018, the decision being final.

FC Brașov (1936)
Fotbal Club Brașov (Romanian pronunciation: [braˈʃov]), commonly known as FC Brașov, or simply as Brașov, was a Romanian professional football club based in the city of Brașov, Brașov County, founded in 1936 and dissolved in 2017.

Originally founded as Uzinele Astra Brașov, the team amassed 41 seasons in the top flight of Romania. Its kits were yellow and black, and it played its home matches at the Silviu Ploeșteanu Stadium.

Since 2021, there are two clubs which assert to be the continuation of the original entity—the fan-owned SR Brașov and the new FC Brașov, which is supported by the local authorities.
Tyrone Evans
Tyrone Evans (died 2000) was a Jamaican reggae singer and musicians. He was one of the founding members of the rocksteady group The Paragons, who had a worldwide hit song with "The Tide Is High".

With Bob Andy and Coxsone Dodd, Evans recorded a single, "I Don't Care", and recorded with Leslie Kong. By the late 1970s he recorded for Studio One, and again with Dodd released the single "How Sweet It Is". He worked on two more Paragons albums, both unsuccessful, and moved to New York, where he recorded with Lloyd Barnes on his Wackies label, and released Tyrone Evans Sings Bullwachies Style. For a while he was back in Jamaica, where in 1983 he recorded with Winston Riley. More material recorded with Evans remains unreleased. He died of cancer in New York in 2000.

Studio One (record label)
Studio One is one of Jamaica's most renowned record labels and recording studios; it has been described as the Motown of Jamaica. The record label was involved with most of the major music movements in Jamaica during the 1960s and 1970s, including ska, rocksteady, reggae, dub and dancehall.
Club cell
Club cells, also known as bronchiolar exocrine cells, are low columnar/cuboidal cells with short microvilli, found in the small airways (bronchioles) of the lungs. They were formerly known as Clara cells.

Club cells are found in the ciliated simple epithelium. These cells may secrete glycosaminoglycans to protect the bronchiole lining. Bronchiolar cells gradually increase in number as the number of goblet cells decrease.

One of the main functions of club cells is to protect the bronchiolar epithelium. They do this by secreting a small variety of products, including club cell secretory protein uteroglobin, and a solution similar in composition to pulmonary surfactant. They are also responsible for detoxifying harmful substances inhaled into the lungs. Club cells accomplish this with cytochrome P450 enzymes found in their smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Club cells also act as a stem cell, multiplying and differentiating into ciliated cells to regenerate the bronchiolar epithelium.

Cytochrome P450
Cytochromes P450 (P450s or CYPs) are a superfamily of enzymes containing heme as a cofactor that mostly, but not exclusively, function as monooxygenases. However, they are not omnipresent; for example, they have not been found in Escherichia coli. In mammals, these enzymes oxidize steroids, fatty acids,  xenobiotics, and participate in many biosyntheses. By hydroxylation, CYP450 enzymes  convert xenobiotics into hydrophilic derivatives, which are more readily excreted.

P450s are, in general, the terminal oxidase enzymes in electron transfer chains, broadly categorized as P450-containing systems. The term "P450" is derived from the spectrophotometric peak at the wavelength of the absorption maximum of the enzyme (450 nm) when it is in the reduced state and complexed with carbon monoxide. Most P450s require a protein partner to deliver one or more electrons to reduce the iron (and eventually molecular oxygen).
Rafał Przybylski
Rafał Przybylski (born 19 February 1991) is a Polish handball player for KS Azoty-Puławy and for the Polish national handball team.

He competed at the 2017 World Men's Handball Championship in France.

Poland men's national handball team
The Poland men's national handball team is controlled by the Polish Handball Association (Związek Piłki Ręcznej w Polsce), and represents Poland in international matches.. Some of the team`s greatest achievements came between 2007 and 2016. At that time, legends like Sławomir Szmal, Karol Bielecki, or Marcin Lijewski led the Polish goldem generation to multiple world championship medals.
Mitsubishi V3000
The Mitsubishi V3000 is a mid-size car that was sold by the Mitsubishi Motors, New Zealand (MMC) between 1988 and 1996 in New Zealand. Mitsubishi utilised the V3000 nameplate on two different vehicles:

First generation (1988–1991): the V3000 name originally applied to a 3.0-litre V6 engine version of the Mitsubishi Galant manufactured locally in New Zealand between 1988 and 1991. This model was intended to sit above the heavily related, but wider 2.6-litre inline-four engined Mitsubishi Magna (TN/TP) sourced from Australia.

Second generation (1991–1996): the V3000 name was transferred to the Australian sourced Mitsubishi Verada (KR/KS) with 3.0-litre V6.

After 1996, Mitsubishi Motors in New Zealand adopted the international Mitsubishi Diamante nameplate for the V6 engined successor model.

First generation (1988–1991) Main article: Mitsubishi Galant

Second generation (1991–1996)Main article: Mitsubishi Magna

Mitsubishi 6G7 engine
The 6G7 series or Cyclone V6 engine is a series of V6 piston engines from Mitsubishi Motors. Five displacement variants were produced from 1986 to 2021, with both SOHC and DOHC, naturally aspirated and turbo charged layouts. The 2.5, 3.0, and 3.5 L versions were also available with gasoline direct injection. MIVEC variable valve timing was used in some versions  This engine has been the flagship powerplant of the company except when they briefly built a V8 in 1999–2001. The staple of their high-end sedans, it was given twin-turbos for the Mitsubishi GTO, and became the most powerful car ever built by the company at the time.

This engine was also manufactured by Hyundai Motor Company in South Korea as the Hyundai Sigma engine.
Ceraphronidae
The Ceraphronidae, commonly known as ceraphronids or ceraphronid wasps, are a small hymenopteran family with 14 genera and some 360 known species, though a great many species are still undescribed. It is a poorly known group as a whole, though most are believed to be parasitoids (especially of flies), and a few hyperparasitoids. Many are found in the soil, and of these, a number are wingless.

The family is distinguished from the closely related Megaspilidae by having a very small stigma in the wing, a very broad metasomal petiole, and a single median groove in the mesoscutum.

The taxon was erected by Alexander Henry Haliday in 1833.

Petiole (insect anatomy)
In entomology, petiole is the narrow waist of some hymenopteran insects, especially ants, bees, and wasps in the suborder Apocrita.
The petiole can consist of either one or two segments, a characteristic that separates major subfamilies of ants.
Museum of Oriental Ceramics, Osaka
The Museum of Oriental Ceramics, Osaka (大阪市立東洋陶磁美術館) is a Japanese art museum and regarded as one of the best ceramic-collections in the world. This museum collects, studies, conserves, exhibits and interprets East Asian ceramics, which mainly came from ancient China and Korea.  The world-famous Ataka Collection, donated by the 21 companies of the Sumitomo Group, as well as the Rhee Byung-Chang Collection, provide the public an aesthetic experience with first-class collection.

Art museum
An art museum, or art gallery, is an organization, usually with buildings or spaces for the display of art from the museum's own collection. It might be in public or private ownership, be accessible to all, or have restrictions in place. Although primarily concerned with visual art, art museums are often used as a venue for other cultural exchanges and artistic activities, such as lectures, jewelry, performance arts, music concerts, or poetry readings. Art museums also frequently host themed temporary exhibitions, which often include items on loan from other collections.
Companions Quartet
Companions Quartet is a book series by Julia Golding, a  British author who is also the author of the Cat Royal series. The majority of the series takes place in the fictional town of Hescombe in England.

Book series
A book series, or a novel series, is a sequence of books having certain characteristics in common that are formally identified together as a group. Book series can be organized in different ways, such as written by the same author, or marketed as a group by their publisher.
Shiloh wind power plant
The Shiloh wind power plant is a wind farm in the Montezuma Hills of Solano County, California, close to Bird's Landing and Collinsville, 40 miles (64 km) northeast of San Francisco.  It has a nameplate capacity of 505 megawatts (MW) of power and was built in four stages between 2005 and 2012. Several additional projects are also in the Montezuma.

Solano County, California
Solano County (/səˈlɑːnoʊ/ ⓘ) is a county in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, its population was 453,491. The county seat is Fairfield.

Solano County comprises the Vallejo–Fairfield metropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland, combined statistical area. Solano County is the northeastern county in the nine-county San Francisco Bay Area region.
Islamic dynasties of Iran
This is a list of kings of Iran of the medieval Islamic period, AD 820 to 1432, arranged genealogically.

For the early Islamic period before 820, see:

Umayyad dynasty, 661–750

Abbasid dynasty, 750–1258 (brief/nominal ruling since 820)

For the period after 1506, see:

Timurid dynasty, 1370–1506

Turkomans: Qara Qoyunlu (1375–1468) and Ak Koyunlu (1378–1508)

Safavid dynasty, 1502–1736

Afsharid dynasty, 1736–1796

Zand dynasty, 1750–1794

Qajar dynasty, 1794–1925

Pahlavi dynasty, 1925–1979

See also Monarchism in Iran.

Aq Qoyunlu
The Aq Qoyunlu or the White Sheep Turkomans (Azerbaijani: Ağqoyunlular, آغ‌قویونلولار; Persian: آق‌ قویونلو) was a culturally Persianate, Sunni Turkoman tribal confederation. Founded in the Diyarbakir region by Qara Yuluk Uthman Beg, they ruled parts of present-day eastern Turkey from 1378 to 1508, and in their last decades also ruled Armenia, Azerbaijan, much of Iran, Iraq, and Oman where the ruler of Hormuz recognised Aq Qoyunlu suzerainty. The Aq Qoyunlu empire reached its zenith under Uzun Hasan.
Reshet Oholei Yosef Yitzchok
Reshet Oholei Yosef Yitzchok (Hebrew :רשת אהלי יוסף יצחק ליובאוויטש בארץ הקודש) is the national education network of Chabad Lubavich in Israel. It has four main branches, Talmud Torah for Lubavitcher boys, Beit Chinuch for Chabad and religious families, the Shalhavot network for the broader Israeli public, and Gan Chabad preschools for children from every background. The network claims roughly 600 schools, 40,000 students, and 4,000 staff. The system is supervised by the Israeli Ministry of Education. Reshet runs a publishing branch which publishes Chabad educational materials.

Shaliah
In Jewish law, a shaliaḥ (Hebrew: שָלִיחַ, [ʃaˈliaχ]; pl. שְלִיחִים‎, sheliḥim [ʃliˈχim] or sheliah, literally "emissary" or "messenger") is a legal agent. In practice, "the shaliaḥ for a person is as this person himself." Accordingly, a shaliaḥ performs an act of legal significance for the benefit of the sender, as opposed to him- or herself.

The term, in contemporary usage, has come to refer more generally to a representative or emissary.
Kamiji Station
Kamiji Station (神路駅, Kamiji-eki) was first a railway station, then a signal station located in Kamiji (神路), Nakagawa, Nakagawa District (Teshio), Hokkaidō, Japan and was operated by the Japanese National Railways.

The station was in official service between 1922 and 1977 and continued as a signal station that allowed passenger use until 1985. In May 2005, the station house and all associated buildings were removed from the site by Hokkaido Railway Company, the operator of the line from 1987.

Nakagawa (Teshio) District, Hokkaido
Nakagawa (中川郡 (天塩国), Nakagawa-gun (Teshio no kuni)) is a district located in Kamikawa Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan. The Ainu origin of the district name comes from the fact that it is located in the middle reaches of the Teshio River. There is a district with the same name in Tokachi Subprefecture, see Nakagawa (Tokachi) District, Hokkaido.

As of 2004, the district has an estimated population of 9,038 and a density of 5.86 persons per km2. The total area is 1,542.65 km2.
Franciszek Salezy Potocki
Franciszek Salezy Potocki (1700 – 22 October 1772) was a Polish nobleman, diplomat, politician and knight of the Order of the White Eagle, awarded on 3 August 1750, in Warsaw. Potocki was the wealthiest magnate of his time and the owner of large properties in Dnieper Ukraine, then part of the Polish Crown. Nicknamed "Little King of Ruthenia" ("królik Rusi").

Franciszek became Krajczy of the Crown in 1736, Field Clerk of the Crown and voivode of Volhynian Voivodship in 1755, voivode of Kijów Voivodship in 1755–1771 and starost of Belz, Hrubieszów, Ropczyce, Sokal, Jabłonów and Opalin.

Sokal
Sokal (Ukrainian: Сокаль, IPA: [soˈkɑlʲ] ⓘPolish: Sokal) is a city located on the Bug River in Sheptytskyi Raion, Lviv Oblast of western Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Sokal urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. The population is approximately 20,373 (2022 estimate).
Sinai–Ruelle–Bowen measure
In the mathematical discipline of ergodic theory, a Sinai–Ruelle–Bowen (SRB) measure is an invariant measure that behaves similarly to, but is not an ergodic measure. In order to be ergodic, the time average would need to equal the space average for almost all initial states , with  being the phase space. For an SRB measure , it suffices that the ergodicity condition be valid for initial states in a set  of positive Lebesgue measure.

The initial ideas pertaining to SRB measures were introduced by Yakov Sinai, David Ruelle and Rufus Bowen in the less general area of Anosov diffeomorphisms and axiom A attractors.

Anosov diffeomorphism
In mathematics, more particularly in the fields of dynamical systems and geometric topology, an Anosov map on a manifold M is a certain type of mapping, from M to itself, with rather clearly marked local directions of "expansion" and "contraction". Anosov systems are a special case of Axiom A systems.

Anosov diffeomorphisms were introduced by Dmitri Victorovich Anosov, who proved that their behaviour was in an appropriate sense generic (when they exist at all).
Chad Willett
Chad Willett (born October 10, 1971, in British Columbia), is a Canadian actor and producer who has worked for over 30 years as a professional in film, television and theatre. His selected films include Alive, directed by Frank Marshall and produced by Kathleen Kennedy. Hector and the Search for Happiness, starring Simon Pegg, Monster Trucks directed by Chris Wedge, Broken Diamonds alongside Ben Platt and Lola Kirke and Steal This Movie with Vincent D'Onofrio

Willett produced and starred in the film Becoming Redwood in 2011. The film won the 2012 Vancouver International Film Festival Most Popular Canadian Film Award. In 2010, Willett received a Leo Award for his portrayal of the small town redneck antagonist in the film Cole, directed by Carl Bessai. His last credit was a performance in the 2021 TV movie A Dickens of a Holiday!.

Steal This Movie!
Steal This Movie! is a 2000 American biographical film directed by Robert Greenwald and written by Bruce Graham, based on the 1976 book To America with Love: Letters From the Underground by Anita and Abbie Hoffman and the 1992 book Abbie Hoffman: American Rebel by Marty Jezer. The film follows 1960s radical figure Abbie Hoffman, and stars Vincent D'Onofrio and Janeane Garofalo, with Jeanne Tripplehorn and Kevin Pollak.

The film follows Hoffman's (D'Onofrio) relationship with his second wife Anita (Garofalo) and their "awakening" and subsequent conversion to an activist life. The title of the film is a play on Hoffman's 1971 counter-culture guidebook titled Steal This Book.

Steal This Movie! premiered at the 2000 Santa Barbara Film Festival, and also showed at the South by Southwest Film Festival.
Steineropsis laceratula
Steineropsis laceratula is a species of crustose placodioid lichen in the family Pannariaceae. It was first formally described in 1902 by French lichenologist Auguste-Marie Hue as Pannaria laceratula. Per Magnus Jørgensen proposed a transfer to Fuscopannaria in 1994. The taxon shuffled genera again in 2020 by Toby Spribille and Stefan Ekman after molecular phylogenetic analysis of the DNA from specimens collected in Alaska revealed its correct classification in the genus Steineropsis. The type specimen was collected in 1904 from Hakkoda, Japan, at an elevation of 1,200 m (3,900 ft); here the lichen was found growing on the bark of birch, but the species also grows on rock.

Per Magnus Jørgensen
Per Magnus Jørgensen (born 1944) is a Norwegian botanist and lichenologist, and Professor Emeritus of systematic botany at the University of Bergen. He is known for his work on the lichen families Pannariaceae and Collemataceae. Jørgensen was awarded the Acharius Medal in 2021 for his lifetime contributions to lichenology.
Savè
Savè [sa.vɛ] is a city in Benin, lying on the Cotonou-Parakou railway and the main north–south road. It is known for its local boulders, popular with climbers. "Savè" is from the historical Yoruba name Ṣábẹ̀ẹ́.

The commune covers an area of 2228 square kilometres and as of 2002 had a population of 67,753 people.

Boulder
In geology, a boulder (less commonly spelled bowlder) is a rock fragment with size greater than 25.6 cm (10.1 in) in diameter. Smaller pieces are called cobbles and pebbles. While a boulder may be small enough to move or roll manually, others are extremely massive. In common usage, a boulder is too large for a person to move. Smaller boulders are usually just called rocks or stones.
Hippocorystes
In Greek mythology, Hippocorystes (Ancient Greek: Ἱπποκορυστὴς means 'marshaller, arranger of chariots') was a Spartan prince as one of the 20 Hippocoöntids, children of King Hippocoön, son of Oebalus and the naiad Bateia.

Batea (mythology)
In Greek mythology, the name Batea or Bateia (/bəˈtiːə/ bə-TEE-ə; Ancient Greek: Βάτεια) refers to the following individuals:

Batea, daughter of King Teucer of the Teucrians.

Batea, a Naiad, who married King Oebalus of Sparta. Their sons were Hippocoon, Tyndareus and Icarius. She also becomes somewhat relevant in Plato's dialogues. Plato implies Batea is her name given by the Gods and Myrina the one called by mortals in Cratylus (dialogue).
Duff (nickname)
Duff is a nickname of:

Duff Armstrong (1833–1899), American soldier successfully defended by Abraham Lincoln against the charge of murder

Duff Goldman (born 1974), star of Food Network's reality show Ace of Cakes

Duff Holbrook (1923–2015), American wildlife biologist, forester and outdoorsman

John Lowe (musician) (1942–2024), English pianist for The Quarrymen, a forerunner of The Beatles

Duff McKagan (born 1964), bassist of Guns N' Roses and former bassist of Velvet Revolver

Duff Pattullo (1873–1956), Canadian politician, 22nd premier of British Columbia

Dufferin Roblin (1917–2010), Canadian businessman and politician

Duff Goldman
Jeffrey Adam "Duff" Goldman (born December 17, 1974) is an American businessman, pastry chef, television personality, and writer. He is the executive chef of Baltimore’s Charm City Cakes shop, which was featured in the Food Network reality television show Ace of Cakes, and Los Angeles’s Charm City Cakes West, which was featured in Food Network's Duff Till Dawn and "Cake Masters" series. His work has also been featured on the Food Network Challenge, Iron Chef America, Oprah, The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, Man v. Food, Buddy vs. Duff, Duff Takes the Cake, and Duff's Happy Fun Bake Time.