hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bryoria hengduanensis
Bryoria hengduanensis is a species of lichen of the genus Bryoria.  It was described as new to science in 2003 by lichenologists Li-Song Wang and Hiroshi Harada. It is found in the Hengduan Mountains of southern China, where it grows on twigs and branches in coniferous forests at elevations of 3,000–4,000 metres (9,800–13,100 ft). The Hengduan Mountains is a region of high Bryoria biodiversity, as 24 species are known from this area.

The lichen is fruticose, hair-like, hanging (pendent) from its substratum, and typically reaches lengths of 3–5 cm (1.2–2.0 in) long, although specimens up to 15 cm (6 in) have been recorded. It is black in parts near its base, and pale brown near the tips. The lichen has linear pseudocyphellae (with a depressed or fissured surface indentation) that twist into long spirals. Soralia, apothecia, and pycnidia are absent. Bryoria hengduanensis contains usnic and fumarprotocetraric acids.

Soredium
Soredia are common reproductive structures of lichens.  Lichens reproduce asexually by employing simple fragmentation and production of soredia and isidia. Soredia are powdery propagules composed of fungal hyphae wrapped around cyanobacteria or green algae. These can be either scattered diffusely across the surface of the lichen's thallus, or produced in localized structures called soralia. Fungal hyphae make up the basic body structure of a lichen. The soredia are released through openings in the upper cortex of the lichen structure. After their release, the soredia disperse to establish the lichen in a new location.
Liggins
Liggins is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:

DeAndre Liggins (born 1988), American basketball player

Ethel Liggins (1886–1970), British pianist, also known by her stage name Ethel Leginska

Frederick Liggins (1873–1926), New Zealand cricketer

Graham Liggins (1926–2010), New Zealand medical scientist

Granville Liggins (born 1946), American American football player

Jamalcolm Liggins (born 1996), American football player

Jimmy Liggins (1918–1983), American R&B guitarist

Joe Liggins (1916–1987), American R&B, jazz and blues pianist

John Liggins (1829–1912), English episcopalian missionary

John Liggins (1906–1976), English footballer

Ethel Leginska
Ethel Liggins (13 April 1886 – 26 February 1970) was a British pianist, conductor and composer. A student of Theodor Leschetizky, she became widely known as the ‘Paderewski of woman pianists’ and (from 1923) established herself as one of the first female conductors.

She studied composition with Rubin Goldmark and Ernest Bloch, and conducting with Eugene Goossens, Robert Heger and Gennaro Papi and conducted many of the world's leading orchestras from the mid-1920s. She was a pioneer of women's opportunity in music performance, composition and conducting.
Yes, Madam (1985 film)
Yes, Madam (simplified Chinese: 皇家师姐; traditional Chinese: 皇家師姐; pinyin: Huángjiā Shījiě; Jyutping: Wong Gaa Si Ze) is a 1985 Hong Kong action film directed by Corey Yuen, and produced by Sammo Hung, who also appears in a cameo in the film. The film stars Michelle Yeoh as Senior Inspector Ng who teams up with Inspector Carrie Morris (Cynthia Rothrock) to get a hold of microfilm which has been taken unknowingly by low level thieves Asprin (Mang Hoi) and Strepsil (John Shum).

The film was the 21st-highest-grossing film of the year in Hong Kong and gave Mang an award for Best Supporting Actor at the 5th Hong Kong Film Awards. It has been described as the first film of the "girls with guns" subgenre. Yes, Madam received several sequels in the In the Line of Duty film series.

5th Hong Kong Film Awards
The 5th Hong Kong Awards ceremony, honored the best films of 1985 and took place on 6 April 1986, at the Regent International Hotel, Hong Kong. The ceremony was hosted by Winnie Yu, during the ceremony awards are presented in 15 categories. The ceremony was sponsored by City Entertainment Magazine.
Anuradha Biswal
Anuradha Biswal (born 28 March 1975) is an Indian former track and field athlete from Odisha who specialized in 100 metre hurdles. She previously held the national record of 13.38 seconds for 100 m hurdles, set on 26 August 2002 during the DDA-Raja Bhalendra Singh National Circuit meet held at the Nehru Stadium in Delhi. She bettered her own record of 13.40 seconds clocked at the Asian championships in Jakarta on 30 July 2000. She held the record until Jyothi Yarraji ran 13.23s on 10 May 2022. She won a bronze medal for her performance in Jakarta. She is working with NALCO in Bhubaneswar, Odisha.

100 metres hurdles
The 100 metres hurdles, or 100-meter hurdles, is a track and field event run mainly by women (the male counterpart is the 110 metres hurdles). For the race, ten hurdles of a height of 83.8 centimetres (33 in) are placed along a straight course of 100 metres (109.36 yd). The first hurdle is placed after a run-up of 13 metres from the starting line. The next 9 hurdles are set at a distance of 8.5 metres from each other, and the home stretch from the last hurdle to the finish line is 10.5 metres long. The hurdles are set up so that they will fall over if bumped into by the runner, but weighted so this is disadvantageous. Fallen hurdles do not count against runners provided that they do not run into them on purpose. Like the 100 metres sprint, the 100 m hurdles begins with athletes in starting blocks.

The fastest 100 m hurdlers run the distance in well under 13 seconds. The world record set by Tobi Amusan stands at 12.12 seconds.
Melville House Publishing
Melville House Publishing is an American independent publisher of literary fiction, non-fiction, and poetry. The company was founded in 2001 and is run by the husband-and-wife team of Dennis Loy Johnson and Valerie Merians in Hoboken, New Jersey. The company is named after the author Herman Melville. It has a reputation as an "activist press" and publisher of left-leaning books.

Association of American Publishers
The Association of American Publishers (AAP) is the national trade association of the American book publishing industry. AAP lobbies for book, journal and education publishers in the United States. AAP members include most of the major commercial publishers in the United States, as well as smaller and nonprofit publishers, university presses, and scholarly societies.

Patricia Schroeder, a former United States representative, served as the association's CEO from 1997 until 2009, taking over the role from Nicholas A. Veliotes. On May 1, 2009, another former United States representative, Tom Allen, took over as president and CEO. In January 2017, Maria Pallante, a former United States Register of Copyrights, became the president and CEO of the organization.
Gangubai
Gangubai is a female name in the Indian subcontinent.

Gangubai Hangal,  Gangubai Hangal (  Hindi: गंगुबाई  हंगल) a Noted Indian  classical singer of the Kirana Gharana.

Saloni Daini, aka 'Gangubai' 8 year old Indian Comedy Star, famous for her Gangubai act

Gangubai Kothewali (1939-2008), a former brothel owner in Mumbai

Gangubai Kothewali
Gangubai Harjeevandas (1907 – 8 September 1977), better known as Gangubai Kothewali or Gangubai Kathiawadi, was an Indian social activist, sex worker and madam of a brothel in the Kamathipura area of Mumbai during the 1960s. Gangubai worked for the rights of sex workers and for the well-being of orphans. She gradually ended up operating her own brothel and is known to also have lobbied for the rights of commercial sex workers.
James McHugh Construction Co
James McHugh Construction Co. is an American construction management and structural engineering firm based in Chicago, Illinois. As of 2019, McHugh was the 160th-largest contractor in the United States as tabulated by Engineering News-Record. McHugh is best known for its high-rise work in Chicago, including the St. Regis Chicago, NEMA, Aqua, Water Tower Place, Marina City, and Trump International Hotel and Tower.

General contractor
A contractor (North American English) or builder (British English), is responsible for the day-to-day oversight of a construction site, management of vendors and trades, and the communication of information to all involved parties throughout the course of a building project.

In the United States, a contractor may be a sole proprietor managing a project and performing labor or carpentry work, have a small staff, or may be a very large company managing billion dollar projects. Some builders build new homes, some are remodelers, some are developers.
Faisal Islamic Bank of Sudan
Faisal Islamic Bank (Sudan) is an Islamic bank in Sudan. The bank describes itself as having  "Islamic orientation" and "Sudanese features".  The Indian site Siasat Daily describes it as Sudan’s "largest lender", and one that as of 2016 "favours low-risk, short-term loans and quick returns".

The Siasat Daily
The Siasat Daily is an Indian newspaper published by the Siasat Press based in the city of Hyderabad, Telangana. It operates the digital news website Siasat and is the publisher of the Siasat English Weekly magazine and the Siasat Urdu Daily newspaper whose editions are also available as electronic papers.

The editions of the paper were formerly published by the Intekhab Press. The Intekhab Press continues to publish editions of the Siasat Urdu Daily. The publication has an advertising partnership with The Hindu, Eenadu and Daily Hindi Milap. It also operates the website dedicated to the writings of satirist Mujtaba Hussain, who was a columnist of the paper.
Lor (surname)
Lor is a surname.

Notable people with the surname Lor include:

Denise Lor (1929-2015), American singer and actress

Noah Lor, American politician

Payengxa Lor, Laotian beauty pageant competitor

Prathna Lor, Canadian poet

Ruth Lor Malloy (born 1932), Canadian activist and travel writer

Payengxa Lor
Payengxa Lor (RPA: Paj Yeeb Xa Lauj, Lao: ນາງ ປ່າເຢັ້ງຊາ ລໍ່; Pahawh: 𖬖𖬰𖬪𖬵 𖬀𖬶𖬤 𖬗𖬰𖬮 𖬄𖬶𖬞); is a Laotian beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Universe Laos 2022. Lor represented Laos at the Miss Universe 2022 held in New Orleans, in the United States and placed in the top 16.
Tuah Pahoe Stadium
Tuah Pahoe Stadium is the name of a football stadium in the city of Palangka Raya, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. It was named after the tenth Mayor of Palangka Raya City. It is used as the home venue for Kalteng Putra of the Liga Indonesia. The stadium has a capacity of 10,000.

Indonesian football league system
The Indonesian football league system is a series of league system for association football clubs in Indonesia. Since 1994, Liga Indonesia is the league competition featuring association football clubs, as a result of two existing top-flight football leagues merger: Perserikatan (amateur) and Galatama (semi professional). Liga Indonesia is managed by PSSI, the Indonesian national football federation, and operated by I-League and its previous iterations (Badan Liga Indonesia (BLI) from 1994–2008, PT Liga Indonesia (PT. LI) from 2008–2015, PT Liga Prima Indonesia Sportindo (PT. LPIS) from 2011–2013 (Dualism Competition Operator), PT Gelora Trisula Semesta (PT. GTS) from 2016 (Unofficial Competition Operator) and PT Liga Indonesia Baru (PT. LIB) from 2017–2025).

There are four levels of competition in the hierarchy recently. The top two tiers are professional competitions, the third tier is semi-professional, and the fourth tier is amateur.
25th Parliament of British Columbia
The 25th Legislative Assembly of British Columbia sat from 1957 to 1960. The members were elected in the British Columbia general election held in September 1956. The Social Credit Party led by W. A. C. Bennett formed the government. The Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) led by Robert Strachan formed the official opposition.

Thomas James Irwin served as speaker for the assembly until April 1957; he was elected to the Canadian House of Commons later that year. Lorne Shantz replaced Irwin as speaker in 1958.

1956 British Columbia general election
The 1956 British Columbia general election was the 25th general election in the province of British Columbia, Canada. It was held to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. The election was called on August 13, 1956, and held on September 19, 1956.  The new legislature met for the first time on February 7, 1957.

The conservative Social Credit of Premier W.A.C. Bennett was re-elected with a majority in the legislature to a third term in government with over 45% of the popular vote.

The social democratic CCF formed the official opposition.

The British Columbia Liberal Party lost two of its four seats despite winning over 20% of the popular vote.

The Progressive Conservative Party lost its single seat in the legislature, and would not win a seat again until the 1972 election.

One seat was won by a Labour candidate, Tom Uphill of Fernie.
2013 AFC Beach Soccer Championship
The 2013 AFC Beach Soccer Championship was a continental beach soccer tournament which took place from 22 to 26 January 2013, at a temporary stadium and adjacent pitch on the Katara Beach in Doha, Qatar. The stadium had a capacity of 3,000 spectators.

The two finalists and the third place play-off winner earned qualification to represent Asia at the 2013 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup in Papeete, Tahiti.

Beach soccer
Beach soccer, also known as beach football, sand football or sand soccer, is a variant of association football played on a beach or some form of sand between two teams of five players each.

Association football has long been played informally on beaches. Beach soccer was introduced in 1992 as an effort to codify rules for the game by the founders of Beach Soccer Worldwide, a company set up to develop the sport and responsible for the majority of its tournaments. FIFA has held the Beach Soccer World Cup biennially since 2005.

The first international matches were played in 1993 for men and 2009 for women. As of July 2023, there are 193 men's and 64 women's clubs and 101 men's and 23 women's national teams sorted in the Beach Soccer Worldwide Rankings.
Dagudumootha Dandakor
Dagudumootha Dandakor is a 2015 Indian Telugu-language comedy drama film, produced by Ramoji Rao on Ushakiran Movies & First Frame Entertainment banner, presented by director Krish and directed by R. K. Malineni. Starring Rajendra Prasad, Sara Arjun  and music composed by E. S. Murthy. The film is remake of the Tamil movie Saivam (2014).

Sara Arjun
Sara Arjun (born 18 June 2005) is an Indian actress who mainly appears in Tamil and Hindi films and commercials. The daughter of actor Raj Arjun, she had appeared in a series of commercials ads like Clinic Plus and a short Hindi film before the age of six. In 2010, she was signed on to portray a lead role in A. L. Vijay's Tamil drama film Deiva Thirumagal, portraying the role of a six-year-old whose father was a mentally challenged adult. The film opened to critical and commercial acclaim, with Sara's performance receiving praise from film critics.

She has since worked in many Indian films, mainly in Tamil and Hindi as well as Telugu and Malayalam, winning positive reviews for her portrayals, particularly for her role in Vijay's Saivam (2014). In 2025, she starred in the Hindi spy thriller Dhurandhar, alongside Ranveer Singh.
Order of Jamaica
The Order of Jamaica is the fifth of the six orders in the Jamaican honours system. The Order was established in 1969, and it is considered the equivalent of a knighthood in the British honours system.

Membership in the Order can be conferred upon any Jamaican citizen of outstanding distinction. Honorary membership in the Order can be conferred upon any distinguished citizen of a country other than Jamaica.

Members and Honorary Members are entitled to:

wear the insignia of the Order as a decoration,

be styled "The Honourable",

use the post-nominal letters "OJ" (for Members) or "OJ (Hon.)" (for Honorary Members).

The motto of the Order is "For a covenant of the people".

Post-nominal letters
Post-nominal letters, also called post-nominal initials, post-nominal titles, designatory letters, or simply post-nominals, are letters placed after a person's name to indicate that the individual holds a position, an academic degree, accreditation, an office, a military decoration, or honour, or is a member of a religious institute or fraternity. An individual may use several different sets of post-nominal letters, but in some contexts it may be customary to limit the number of sets to one or just a few. The order in which post-nominals are listed after a name is based on rules of precedence and what is appropriate for a given situation. Post-nominal letters are one of the main types of name suffix. In contrast, pre-nominal letters precede the name rather than follow it, such as addressing a physician or professor as "Dr. Smith".
2005 Allianz Suisse Open Gstaad – Doubles
Leander Paes and David Rikl were the two-time defending champions, but did not participate this year. Rikl was also the three-time defending champion, having won the title with Joshua Eagle in 2002.

František Čermák and Leoš Friedl won the title, defeating Michael Kohlmann and Rainer Schüttler in the final, 7–6(8–6), 7–6(13–11).

David Rikl
David Rikl (born 27 February 1971) is a former professional tennis player from the Czech Republic. His success came mostly in doubles, winning 30 titles and finishing runner-up at the 2004 US Open and 2001 Wimbledon Championships Doubles events. He also achieved a singles ranking of world No. 41 in May 1994.
Bechler
Bechler is a surname of German origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Karl Bechler (1886–1945), German athlete

Helmut Bechler (1898–1971), German military officer

John Christian Bechler (1784–1857), Moravian bishop and composer

Lynn Bechler, member of the Kentucky House of Representatives

Steve Bechler (1979–2003), American baseball player

Helmut Bechler
Helmut Bechler (2 June 1898  – 9 January 1971) was a German general in the Wehrmacht during World War II who commanded the 85. Infanterie-Division. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross of Nazi Germany.
Newcastle High School (Australia)
Newcastle High School is a government-funded co-educational comprehensive secondary day school, located in Newcastle West, a suburb of Newcastle, in the Hunter region of New South Wales, Australia.

Newcastle High School was established in 1976, following the dismantling of the single-sex selective school system. In 2018 the school enrollment numbered approximately 1,080 students, from Year 7 to Year 12, of whom nine percent identified as Indigenous Australians and nine percent were from a language background other than English. The school is operated by the NSW Department of Education in accordance with the education curriculum, as determined by the New South Wales Education Standards Authority. Newcastle High School has one of the largest Special Education Unit in the Entire Hunter Region. As of October 2020 the principal is Janene Rosser.

New South Wales Education Standards Authority
The New South Wales Education Standards Authority (abbreviated as NESA) is the state government education statutory authority with the responsibility for the establishment and monitoring of school standards in the Australian state of New South Wales. It was formed on 1 January 2017 to replace the Board of Studies, Teaching and Educational Standards,

NESA is also accredited by the Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority as the NSW test administration authority for NAPLAN.

NESA is responsible for awarding the secondary school credentials Record of School Achievement and Higher School Certificate.
Saiga (surname)
Saiga (written: 斎賀, 齋賀 or 雑賀) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Fumiko Saiga (齋賀 富美子, 1943–2009), Japanese diplomat

Mitsuki Saiga (斎賀 みつき, born 1973), Japanese voice actress and singer

Yūji Saiga (雑賀 雄二, born 1951), Japanese photographer

Mitsuki Saiga
Mitsuki Saiga (斎賀 みつき, Saiga Mitsuki; born June 12, 1973) is a Japanese voice actress affiliated with Ken Production. Her major roles include Maria Ross in Fullmetal Alchemist, Yoite in Nabari no Ou, Kuranosuke Koibuchi in Princess Jellyfish, Tiz Arrior in Bravely Default, and Mòrag in Xenoblade Chronicles 2. Her deep and rich voice make her a versatile and fluid actress.
Queen of the Sun
Queen of the Sun: What Are the Bees Telling Us? is a 2010 documentary film directed by Taggart Siegel. The film investigates multiple angles of the recent bee epidemic colony collapse disorder.  It also explores the historical and contemporary relationship between bees and humans. Featuring interviews from Michael Pollan, Gunther Hauk, Vandana Shiva, Hugh Wilson, Michael Thiele (former bee keeper at Green Gulch Farm), May Berenbaum, Carlo Petrini and Raj Patel.

Raj Patel
Rajeev "Raj" Patel (born 1972) is a British academic, journalist, activist and writer who has lived and worked in Zimbabwe, South Africa, and the United States for extended periods. He has been referred to as "the rock star of social justice writing."
Kangaroo Head, South Australia
Kangaroo Head  is a locality in the  Australian state  of  South Australia located on the north coast of Dudley Peninsula on Kangaroo Island overlooking both Backstairs Passage and Nepean Bay about 110 kilometres (68 miles) south of the state capital of Adelaide.

Its boundaries were created in March 2002 for the “long established name” which is derived from Kangaroo Head, a headland located within the locality.

As of 2015, Kangaroo Head consists generally of a strip of land located between the Hog Bay Road and the coastline with Backstairs Passage and Nepean Bay.  The majority land use in the locality is agriculture.

Kangaroo Head is located within the federal division of Mayo, the state electoral district of Mawson and the local government area of the Kangaroo Island Council.

Headland
A headland, also known as a head, is a coastal landform, a point of land usually high and often with a sheer drop, that extends into a body of water. It is a type of promontory. A headland of considerable size often is called a cape. Headlands are characterised by high, breaking waves, rocky shores, intense erosion, and steep sea cliff.

Headlands and bays are often found on the same coastline. A bay is flanked by land on three sides, whereas a headland is flanked by water on three sides. Headlands and bays form on discordant coastlines, where bands of rock of alternating resistance run perpendicular to the coast. Bays form when weak (less resistant) rocks (such as sands and clays) are eroded, leaving bands of stronger (more resistant) rocks (such as chalk, limestone, and granite) forming a headland, or peninsula. Through the deposition of sediment within the bay and the erosion of the headlands, coastlines eventually straighten out, then start the same process all over again.
Josef Issels
Josef Maria Issels (November 21, 1907 – February 11, 1998) was a German physician known for promoting an alternative cancer treatment, the Issels treatment. He claimed to cure cancer patients who had been declared incurable by conventional cancer treatments. During Issels' lifetime, his methods were controversial, and in 1961 he was charged with fraud and manslaughter for allegedly promising fraudulent cancer cures and for the subsequent deaths of patients under his care who refused standard cancer treatment. An initial conviction on the manslaughter charge was overturned in 1964 on the grounds that Issels had genuinely believed that his therapy could cure cancer. Since at least 1972 the Issels treatment is described as unproven, and considered ineffective as a treatment for cancer.

Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine
The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering alternative medicine published by Mary Ann Liebert. It was established in 1995 and is the official journal of the Society for Acupuncture Research. The editor-in-chief is John Weeks, who succeeded the founding editor, Kim A. Jobst.