hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yên Định district
Yên Định is a rural district of Thanh Hóa province in the North Central Coast region of Vietnam. As of 2003 the district had a population of 172,527. The district covers an area of 216 km2 (83 sq mi). The district capital lies at Quán Lào.

Thanh Hóa province
Thanh Hóa is the northernmost coastal province in the North Central Coast region of Vietnam. It borders Sơn La, Hòa Bình, and Ninh Bình to the north, Nghệ An to the south, Laos to the west with a boundary of over 192 kilometres (119 mi) long, and the South China Sea (Gulf of Tonkin) to the east.
Sharifah Rodziah Barakbah
Tun Dato' Sharifah Rodziah binti Syed Alwi Barakbah (Jawi: شريفة راضية بنت سيد علوي برقبة; 1920 – 12 March 2000) was the third wife of Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Al-Haj, the founding father and first Prime Minister of Malaysia.

Datuk
Datuk (or its variant Dato' or Datu; literally: grandfather) is a Malay honorific title commonly used in Brunei, Indonesia, and Malaysia, as well as a traditional title by Minangkabau people in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Use of the title various between locations, in some cases being bestowed by a ruler and in other cases being inherited by family line.

The title of the wife of a male Datuk is Datin. Women with the title can take either the title Datin or Datuk.
Max Geller (activist)
Max Geller (born 1984) is an American performance artist and activist. Part of the Jewish left, Geller is an organizer and activist for Palestinian human rights, including the Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions movement (BDS). Geller is the founder of Renoir Sucks At Painting, a "trolling" social movement to remove the paintings of Pierre-Auguste Renoir from museums around the world. He has leveraged the Renoir Sucks at Painting project into media coverage for the BDS movement and other social causes.

Jewish left
The Jewish left refers to Jewish individuals or organizations that identify with or support left-wing or social liberal causes, consciously as Jews. There is no singular organization or movement that constitutes the Jewish left.

Jews have been major forces in the history of the labor movement, the settlement house movement, the women's rights movement, anti-racist and anti-colonialist work, and anti-fascist and anti-capitalist organizations of many forms in Europe, Canada, the United States, Australia, Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, the Ottoman Empire, Algeria, Iraq, Ethiopia, South Africa, Palestine, and the State of Israel.

Jews have a history of involvement in anarchism, socialism, Marxism, and Western liberalism. The expression "on the left" encompasses a range of political positions. Many individuals associated with left-wing politics have been Jews born into Jewish families, with varying degrees of connection to Jewish communities, cultures, traditions, or religious practices.
Fernando Librado
Kitsepawit, more commonly known as Fernando Librado (c. August 20, 1839 – June 19, 1915), was a Chumash elder, master tomol builder, craft specialist, and storyteller. He was born at Mission San Buenaventura in 1839 as the son of two Chumash parents from the island of Limuw.

He is most notable for his knowledge of Chumash culture and language (especially of the Ventureño, Cruzeño, and Purisimeño), Indigenous experiences at Spanish mission in California, particularly in the post-mission period, his work as an informant for John Peabody Harrington, and for his recording of a song of Juana Maria on a wax cylinder.

Santa Rosa Island (California)
Santa Rosa Island (Spanish: Isla de Santa Rosa; Cruzeño Chumash: Wi'ma) is the second largest of the Channel Islands of California at 53,195 acres (215.27 km2 or 83.118 sq mi). Santa Rosa is located about 26 miles (42 km) off the coast of Santa Barbara, California, in Santa Barbara County and is part of Channel Islands National Park.

The Chumash, a Native American people lived on the Channel Islands at the time of European contact.

The remains of the 13,000-year-old Arlington Springs Man, possibly the oldest human remains in the Americas, were discovered on the island in 1959.

Santa Rosa Island is home to the rare Torrey pine, a species of pine tree that exists only in two locations around the world.

Public passenger access to Santa Rosa Island is provided by Island Packers ferry service out of the Ventura Harbor.
Problem of mental causation
The problem of mental causation is a conceptual issue in the philosophy of mind. That problem, in short, is how to account for the common sense idea that intentional thoughts or intentional mental states are causes of intentional actions. The problem divides into several distinct sub-problems, including the problem of causal exclusion, the problem of anomalism, and the problem of externalism. However, the sub-problem which has attracted most attention in the philosophical literature is arguably the exclusion problem.

Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy (IEP) is a scholarly online encyclopedia with around 900 articles about philosophy, philosophers, and related topics. The IEP publishes only peer-reviewed and blind-refereed original papers. Contribution is generally by invitation. Contributors come from 35 countries, according to the encyclopedia's "representative list", and are recognized as leading international specialists within their field.
Votive Temple of Maipú
The Votive Temple of Maipú (Spanish: Templo Votivo de Maipú) or Basilica of Our Lady of Mount Carmel (Spanish: Basílica de Nuestra Señora del Carmen) is a Catholic church located in the Chilean commune of Maipú. The height of this basilica is 300 feet tall (91 Meters). Its construction was ordered by Bernardo O'Higgins in 1818 as a thanksgiving to Our Lady of Mount Carmel for the intercession for the victory of the Chilean Army in the Battle of Maipú, where the Independence of Chile was assured. It is called votive because of the vows that O'Higgins made to the Virgin Mary.

Chilean Army
The Chilean Army (Spanish: Ejército de Chile) is the land arm of the Chilean Armed Forces. This 80,000-person army (9,200 of which are conscripts) is organized into six divisions, an army aviation brigade and a special operations brigade.

In recent years, and after several major re-equipment programs, the Chilean Army has become the most technologically advanced and professional army in Latin America.

The Chilean Army is mostly supplied with equipment from Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Sweden, the United States, Israel, France, and Spain.
Coremiocnemis tropix
Coremiocnemis tropix, also known as the rainforest tarantula, is a species of mygalomorph spider in the Theraphosidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 2005 by Australian arachnologist Robert Raven.

Mygalomorphae
The Mygalomorphae, or mygalomorphs, are an infraorder of spiders, and comprise one of three major groups of living spiders with over 3,000 species, found on all continents except Antarctica. Many members are known as trapdoor spiders due to their creation of trapdoors over their burrows. Other prominent groups include Australian funnel web spiders and tarantulas, with the latter accounting for around one third of all mygalomorphs.
Sequential equilibrium
Sequential equilibrium is a refinement of Nash equilibrium for extensive form games due to David M. Kreps and Robert Wilson. A sequential equilibrium specifies not only a strategy for each
of the players but also a belief for each of the players. A belief gives, for each information set of the game belonging to the player, a probability distribution on the nodes in the information set. A profile of strategies and beliefs is called an assessment for the game. Informally speaking, an assessment is a perfect Bayesian equilibrium if its strategies are sensible given its beliefs and its beliefs are confirmed on the outcome path given by its strategies. The definition of sequential equilibrium further requires that there be arbitrarily small perturbations of beliefs and associated strategies with the same property.

Extensive-form game
In game theory, an extensive-form game is a specification of a game allowing for the explicit representation of a number of key aspects, like the sequencing of players' possible moves, their choices at every decision point, the (possibly imperfect) information each player has about the other player's moves when they make a decision, and their payoffs for all possible game outcomes. Extensive-form games also allow for the representation of incomplete information in the form of chance events modeled as "moves by nature". Extensive-form representations differ from normal-form in that they provide a more complete description of the game in question, whereas normal-form simply boils down the game into a payoff matrix.
1963 NASCAR Grand National Series
Sports portal

The 1963 NASCAR Grand National Series was an American stock car racing competition. It was the fourteenth running of what is now called the NASCAR Cup Series.

The series was won by Joe Weatherly from Richard Petty and Fred Lorenzen.

Tiny Lund
DeWayne Louis "Tiny" Lund (November 14, 1929 – August 17, 1975) was an American stock car racer. He was a journeyman racer-for-hire in the top level NASCAR Grand National Series, running partial seasons for a number of years, including a victory in the 1963 Daytona 500. Lund saw his greatest success in the NASCAR Grand American Series, where he was the season champion in three of the four full years the series was run – Lund won 41 of the 109 Grand American events that ran.

Lund was 6 feet 5 inches tall and weighed about 270 lbs., earning the ironic nickname "Tiny".
Design 1001 ship
The Design 1001 ship (full name Emergency Fleet Corporation Design 1001) was a wood-hulled cargo ship design approved for production by the United States Shipping Board's Emergency Fleet Corporation (EFT) in World War I. They were referred to as the "Ferris"-type after its designer, naval architect Theodore E. Ferris. Most ships were completed in 1918 or 1919. Many ships were completed as barges or as hulls.

United States Shipping Board
The United States Shipping Board (USSB) was a corporation established as an emergency agency by the 1916 Shipping Act (39 Stat. 729), on September 7, 1916. The United States Shipping Board's task was to increase the number of US ships supporting the World War I efforts. The program ended on March 2, 1934.
Ric Holden
Ric Holden (born August 31, 1961) is an American politician from the state of Montana. A member of the Republican Party, he represented the 1st district in the Montana Senate from 1995 to 2003. He succeeded Betty Bruski-Maus.

Montana Senate
The Montana State Senate is, along with the Montana House of Representatives, one of the two houses that composes the Montana Legislature, the state legislative branch of the U.S. state of Montana. The body is composed of 50 senators elected for four years. Half of the Senate is up for election every two years.
Luftverkehr Friesland-Harle
Luftverkehr Friesland-Harle, commonly abbreviated LFH, was a small airline based in Wangerland, Germany, that was established in 1983 and had 30 employees (at March 2007). It operated scheduled and chartered passenger and cargo flights, linking Harle Airfield (de) to the East Frisian Islands. In 2011, LFH was acquired by FLN Frisia Luftverkehr, which continues to use the brand.

Wangerland
Wangerland (German pronunciation: [ˈvaŋɐˌlant]) is a municipality in the district of Friesland, Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated on the North Sea coast, approximately 20 km northwest of Wilhelmshaven, and 10 km north of Jever. Its seat is in the village Hohenkirchen.
Terdema Ussery
Terdema Lamar Ussery II (born December 4, 1958 in Los Angeles) is an American business executive and attorney who has worked in professional sports, corporate governance, and community development. He was President and Chief Executive Officer of the Dallas Mavericks in the National Basketball Association from 1997 to 2015. Before that, he was Commissioner of the Continental Basketball Association (CBA) from 1991 to 1993 and President of Nike Sports Management from 1993 to 1997. Ussery chaired the Board of Commissioners of the Dallas Housing Authority from 2008 to 2014 and has served on the boards of other organizations, universities, and companies. In 2018, journalists and independent investigators reported evidence that Ussery had sexually harassed female employees during his tenure with the Mavericks; he denied the allegations.

Business executive
A business executive is a person responsible for running an organization, although the exact nature of the role varies depending on the organization.

Executives run companies or government agencies. They create plans to help their organizations grow. Becoming an executive usually takes years of promotions and hard work since the qualifications of this role needs hard working individuals with years of experience in multiple facets of the business.
Nikolskoye, Cherepovetsky District, Vologda Oblast
Nikolskoye (Russian: Никольское) is a rural locality (a selo) in Abakanovskoye Rural Settlement, Cherepovetsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 46 as of 2002. There are five streets.

Cherepovetsky District
Cherepovetsky District (Russian: Черепове́цкий райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northeast of the oblast and borders with Belozersky District in the north, Kirillovsky District in the northwest, Sheksninsky District in the east, Poshekhonsky District of Yaroslavl Oblast in the southeast, Breytovsky District of Yaroslavl Oblast in the south, Vesyegonsky District of Tver Oblast in the southwest, Ustyuzhensky District in the west, and with Kaduysky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 7,640 square kilometers (2,950 sq mi). Its administrative center is the city of Cherepovets (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 41,025 (2010 Census); 40,871 (2002 Census); 48,336 (1989 Soviet census).
Udai Singh (soldier)
Brigadier Udai Singh, MVC (born 13 January 1929) was an officer in the Indian Army, who served with the 8th Gorkha Rifles regiment. He was awarded the Maha Vir Chakra, India's second-highest award, for his role in the Battle of Turtuk in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971.

8th Gorkha Rifles
The 8th Gorkha Rifles is a Gorkha regiment of the Indian Army. It was raised in 1824 as part of the British East India Company and later transferred to the British Indian Army after the Indian Rebellion of 1857. The regiment served in World War I and World War II, before being one of the six (of ten) Gurkha regiments transferred to the Indian Army after independence in 1947. Since then it has served in a number of conflicts including the Sino-Indian War of 1962 and the Indo-Pakistan wars of 1965 and 1971. Today the 8th Gorkha Rifles is one of the most celebrated regiments of the Indian Army, having received numerous citations for bravery in the field of battle, and even producing one of the two field marshals of India, Field Marshal Sam Manekshaw, of the Indian Army.
Wakasugiyama Toyoichi
Wakasugiyama Toyoichi (born Toyoichi Kumamoto; January 24, 1933 – November 4, 1999) was a sumo wrestler from Shime, Fukuoka, Japan. He made his professional debut in March 1953, and reached the top division in March 1959. His highest rank was maegashira 1. He left the sumo world upon retirement from active competition in May 1967.

Shime, Fukuoka
Shime (志免町, Shime-machi) is a town located in Kasuya District, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 April 2024, the town had an estimated population of 46,388 in 21035 households, and a  population density of 5300 persons per km². The total area of the town is 8.69 km2 (3.36 sq mi)
Belyanin
Belyanin, feminine Belyaniana is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrei Belyanin, Russian writer

Boris Belyanin  (1907-1991) - Soviet scientist in the field of aerodynamics

Tatyana Belyanina, taxonomic authority on fish

Vitaly Belyanin, underground alias of Vitaly Bianki (1894–1959), Russian children's writer and an author of books on nature

Vitaly Bianki
Vitaly Valentinovich Bianki (Russian: Вита́лий Валенти́нович Биа́нки; 11 February 1894, St. Petersburg — 10 June 1959, Leningrad) was a popular Russian children's writer and a prolific author of books on nature.
Masani (film)
Masani is a 2013 Indian Tamil-language supernatural horror film directed by K. Padmaraja and LGR. The film stars Ramki, Akhil, Ineya, and Sija Rose, while Roja, Sarath Babu, Aadukalam Naren, and Y. G. Mahendra play supporting roles. The film marks Ramki's comeback to Tamil cinema after six years. The music is composed by S. N. Fazil. The film was released on 24 May 2013.

Aadukalam Naren
Aadukalam Naren (born Narayanan) is an Indian actor who has appears in Tamil and Telugu films, mainly playing supporting and antagonistic roles. He made his debut with the 1997 film Raman Abdullah but got noticed for his role in the 2011 film Aadukalam and has since added the film's title as a prefix to his stage name.
An Event in Autumn
An Event In Autumn is a crime novel by Swedish author Henning Mankell. It is the twelfth installation in the Inspector Wallander series, which was made into the television series Wallander. It was translated by into English by Laurie Thompson in 2013, and published in August 2014 by Vintage Books. The novel follows Wallander as he attempts to solve the murder of two unknown people. The novella was originally published in Dutch in 2004 as Het Graf.

Henning Mankell
Henning Georg Mankell (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈhɛ̂nːɪŋ ˈmǎŋːkɛl]; 3 February 1948 – 5 October 2015) was a Swedish crime writer, children's author, and dramatist, best known for a series of mystery novels starring his most noted creation, Inspector Kurt Wallander. He also wrote a number of plays and screenplays for television.

He was a left-wing social critic and activist. In his books and plays he constantly highlighted social inequality issues and injustices in Sweden and abroad. In 2010, Mankell was on board one of the ships in the Gaza Freedom Flotilla that was boarded by Israeli commandos. He was below deck on the MV Mavi Marmara when nine civilians were killed in international waters.

Mankell shared his time between Sweden and countries in Africa, mostly Mozambique where he started a theatre. He made considerable donations to charity organizations, mostly connected to Africa.
Robert Moore (Irish cricketer)
Robert William Moore (15 August 1905 – 27 October 1945) was an Irish first-class cricketer.

Moore was born in the United States at Brookland, Washington, D.C. Moving to Ireland during his childhood, he was educated at Friends' School, Lisburn. He played his club cricket in Belfast for Cliftonville from 1922. Moore toured England and Wales with Ireland in June 1926, making his debut in first-class cricket on the tour against Oxford University at Oxford. Weeks later he played a second first-class match against Wales at Belfast. He scored 51 runs in these two matches, with a highest score of 22. Moore played club cricket for Cliftonville until 1934, after which he moved to Derry, where he played for City of Derry. He later played a minor match for Ireland against the Marylebone Cricket Club at Strabane in 1934. He later moved to England, where he died at Rochdale in October 1945.

University Parks
The Oxford University Parks, commonly referred to locally as the University Parks, or just The Parks, is a large parkland area slightly northeast of the city centre in Oxford, England.  The park is bounded to the east by the River Cherwell, though a small plot of land called Mesopotamia sits between the upper and lower levels of the river. To the north of the parks are Norham Gardens (with large houses including Gunfield backing onto the park) and Lady Margaret Hall,  to the west the Parks Road, and the Science Area on South Parks Road to the south. The park is open to the public during the day, and has gardens, large sports fields, and exotic plants. It includes a cricket ground used by Oxford University Cricket Club.
Kevin Craig
Kevin Joseph Craig (born July 28, 1968) is an American politician and a former Democratic member of the West Virginia House of Delegates who represented District 13 from 2012 to 2014. Craig served from 2000 until 2012 in the District 15 seat.

West Virginia House of Delegates
The West Virginia House of Delegates is the lower house of the West Virginia Legislature in West Virginia. Only three states—Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia—refer to their lower house as the House of Delegates.
Yamagiwa Katsusaburō
Yamagiwa Katsusaburō (山極 勝三郎; 23 February 1863 – 2 March 1930) was a Japanese pathologist who carried out pioneering work into the causes of cancer, and was the first to demonstrate chemical carcinogenesis. He was a 7-time Nobel Prize nominee.

Coal tar
Coal tar (also creosote) is a thick dark liquid that is a by-product of deriving coke and coal gas from coal. Coal tar has both medical and industrial uses. Medicinally, it is a topical medication applied to skin to treat psoriasis and seborrheic dermatitis (dandruff).  It may be used in combination with ultraviolet light therapy in a treatment called Goeckerman therapy, which is rarely used clinically, as of 2024.

Industrially, it is a preservative for railroad ties and used in the surfacing of roads. Coal tar was listed as a known human carcinogen in the first Report on Carcinogens from the U.S. Federal Government, issued in 1980, and remains a cancer concern due to the presence of benzene in coal tar skincare products, such as shampoos.
Double wedge
In geometry, a double wedge is the  (closure of) the symmetric difference of two half-spaces whose boundaries are not parallel to each other. For instance, in the Cartesian plane, the union of the positive and negative quadrants forms a double wedge, and more generally in two dimensions a double wedge consists of the set of points within two vertical angles defined by a pair of lines. In projective geometry double wedges are the projective duals of line segments.

Closure (topology)
In topology, the closure of a subset S of points in a topological space consists of all points in S together with all limit points of S. The closure of S may equivalently be defined as the union of S and its boundary, and also as the intersection of all closed sets containing S. Intuitively, the closure can be thought of as all the points that are either in S or "very near" S. A point which is in the closure of S is a point of closure of S. The notion of closure is in many ways dual to the notion of interior.
Newmarket (card game)
Newmarket is an English card game of the matching type for any number of players. It is a domestic gambling game, involving more chance than skill, and emerged in the 1880s as an improvement of the older game of Pope Joan. It became known in America as Stops or Boodle before developing into Michigan. In 1981, Newmarket was still the sixth most popular card game in Britain.

David Parlett
David Parlett (born 18 May 1939 in London) is a games scholar, historian, and translator from South London, who has studied both card games and board games. He is the president of the British Skat Association.
Fürstenberg Brewery
The Fürstenberg Brewery (German: Fürstlich Fürstenbergische Brauerei) is a brewery in Donaueschingen, Germany. It has been a subsidiary of Brau Holding International since 2005, before which it was owned by the House of Fürstenberg, a German noble family. Among other offerings, the brewery produces pilsner, export, and wheat beer, primarily serving southern Germany.

House of Fürstenberg (Swabia)
The House of Fürstenberg (German pronunciation: [ˈfʏʁstn̩ˌbɛʁk] ⓘ; Fürstenhaus zu Fürstenberg) was an influential Swabian noble family in Germany, based primarily in what is today southern Baden-Württemberg near the source of the Danube river. Numerous members of the family have risen to prominence over the centuries as soldiers, churchmen, diplomats, and academics. Sometimes the name is transcribed as von Fürstenberg, gallicized as de Furstenberg or anglicized as Furstenberg.