hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Menucihr Mosque
Menucihr Mosque, also Manučehr Mosque (Kurdish: Mizgefta Menûçêhr) is a mosque in the medieval city of Ani in Kars Province, Turkey. It was built between 1072 and 1086 by Manuchihr ibn Shavur of the Kurdish Shaddadid dynasty. The restoration of the mosque started in June 2020.

Avag Zakarian
Avag Zakarian (Georgian: ავაგ მხარგრძელი, romanized: avag mkhargrdzeli; Armenian: Ավագ Զաքարյան) (died 1250 AD) was an Armenian noble of the Zakarid line, and a Court official of the Kingdom of Georgia, as atabeg and amirspasalar of Georgia from 1227 to 1250.

The eastern areas Bjni, Gegharkunik, Vayots-dzor, Artsakh, Siunik, Nakhichevan, Dvin and Yerevan were under the jurisdiction of the atabeg Ivane Mkhargrdzeli and his son Avag. First Dvin and later Bjni were centres of this division. The subjects of Ivane's family were the Orbelians, Khaghbakians, Dopians, Hasan-Jalalyan and others.

His sister, Tamta, through forced marriages to members of the Saladin and Khwarazmian dynasties, and capture by the Mongol empire, served as governor, regent, or ruler of Akhlat at points throughout the early 13th century.
John Bradfield (engineer)
John Job Crew Bradfield CMG (26 December 1867 – 23 September 1943) was an Australian engineer best known as the chief proponent of the Sydney Harbour Bridge, of which he oversaw both the design and construction. He worked for the New South Wales Department of Public Works from 1891 to 1933. He was the first recipient of an engineering doctorate from the University of Sydney, in 1924. Other notable projects with which he was associated include the Cataract Dam (completed 1907), the Burrinjuck Dam (completed 1928), and Brisbane's Story Bridge (completed 1940). The Harbour Bridge formed only one component of the City Circle, Bradfield's grand scheme for the railways of central Sydney, a modified version of which was completed after his death. He was also the designer of an unbuilt irrigation project known as the Bradfield Scheme, which proposed that remote areas of western Queensland and north-eastern South Australia could be made fertile by the diversion of rivers from North Queensland.

North Queensland
North Queensland or the Northern Region is the northern part of the Australian state of Queensland that lies just south of Far North Queensland. Queensland is a massive state, larger than many countries, and its tropical northern part has been historically remote and undeveloped, resulting in a distinctive regional character and identity.  The region is prone to floods and cyclones.

The region has a population of 231,628 and covers 80,041.5 km2 (30,904.2 sq mi).
Aotearapa
Aotearapa was a New Zealand-based amateur press association, run in association with New Zealand science fiction fandom. It caters primarily - but not exclusively - to science fiction fans. Founded by Greg Hills in 1979, it is New Zealand's only apa, and that country's longest-running science fiction-related publication. Members have mostly been from New Zealand, although there have been members in the United States, Australia, and the United Kingdom.

Published bi-monthly, Aotearapa had its heyday in the early 1990s, at which time it would often exceed 180 pages. In decline in recent years, Aotearapa ran for 167 issues before going into hiatus in July 2007.

In January 2008 Aotearapa mailing 168 re-emerged in different format, with bi-monthly electronic mailings of pdf and text files replacing the traditional paper and postage format. This format lasted only a few months.

Science fiction fandom
Science fiction fandom or SF fandom is a community or fandom of people interested in science fiction in contact with one another based upon that interest. SF fandom has a life of its own, but not much in the way of formal organization (although formal clubs such as the Futurians (1937–1945) and the Los Angeles Science Fantasy Society (1934–present) are recognized examples of organized fandom).

Most often called simply "fandom" within the community, it can be viewed as a distinct subculture, with its own literature and jargon; marriages and other relationships among fans are common, as are multi-generational fan families.
Kapu Ramachandra Reddy
Kapu Ramachandra Reddy (born 1969) is an Indian politician from Andhra Pradesh. He was elected as MLA in 2009, 2012 and 2019 from Rayadurg Assembly constituency in Anantapur district. He was elected as MLA of Rayadurg 3 times and served as Whip to the Government of Andhra Pradesh.

Anantapur district
Anantapur district, officially Ananthapuramu district, is one of the eight districts in the Rayalaseema region of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. The district headquarters is located in Anantapur city. It is one of the driest places in South India.  In the year 2022, as part of re-organisation of districts, Sri Sathya Sai district was carved out.
Mermessus tridentatus
Mermessus tridentatus is a species of dwarf spider in the family Linyphiidae. It is found in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico. It was described by America arachnologist James Henry Emerton in 1882.

Arachnology
Arachnology (from Ancient Greek ἀράχνη (arákhnē), meaning "spider", and λόγος (lógos), meaning "study") is the scientific study of arachnids, which comprise spiders and related invertebrates such as scorpions, pseudoscorpions, harvestmen, ticks, and mites. Those who study spiders and other arachnids are arachnologists. More narrowly, the study of spiders alone (order Araneae) is known as araneology.

The word "arachnology" from Ancient Greek ἀράχνη (arákhnē), meaning "spider", and λόγος (lógos), meaning "study". The Ancient Greek word for "spider" itself refers to Arachne, the female protagonist of an ancient tale of the Greek Mythology.
Faulkland, Delaware
Faulkland is an unincorporated community in New Castle County, Delaware, United States, approximately two miles west of Wilmington.  Faulkland has only one main road, Faulkland Road.  No post office has ever existed in the very small community.  The Wilmington and Western Railroad runs parallel through the area with a level crossing at Faulkland Road. Hyde Run,  a Red Clay Creek tributary, runs through the area.

New Castle County, Delaware
New Castle County is the northernmost of the three counties of the U.S. state of Delaware (New Castle, Kent, and Sussex). As of the 2020 census, the population was 570,719, making it the most populous county in Delaware, with nearly 60% of the state's population of 989,948. The county seat is Wilmington, which is also the state's most populous city. New Castle County is included in the Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD Metropolitan Statistical Area. The county is named after William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle (c. 1593–1676). New Castle County has the highest population and population density of any Delaware county, and it is the smallest county in the state by area. It has more people than the other two counties, Kent and Sussex, combined. It is also the most economically developed of the three.
Marta Vincenzi
Marta Vincenzi (born 27 May 1947) is an Italian politician and former Mayor of Genoa. She was previously a Member of the European Parliament for the North-West of Italy with the Democrats of the Left (DS), part of the Socialist Group from 2004 until she resigned on 29 June 2007.

Vincenzi was born in Genoa. She sat on the European Parliament's Committee on Transport and Tourism, and was a substitute for the Committee on Regional Development and the Committee on Women's Rights and Gender Equality. She was also a member of the Delegation for relations with the Mashreq countries. She served as President of the Province of Genoa from 1993 to 2002. In May 2007 Marta Vincenzi became mayor of Genoa with the Democratic Party. In February 2012 she ran in a primary election to seek a second term as mayor, but lost to independent candidate Marco Doria.

Mashriq
The Mashriq (/məˈʃriːk/; Arabic: ْاَلْمَشْرِق, romanized: al-Mashriq, lit. 'the east'), also known as the Arab Mashriq (Arabic: اَلْمَشْرِقُ الْعَرَبِيُّ, romanized: al-Mashriq al-ʿArabi, lit. 'the Arab east'), sometimes spelled Mashreq or Mashrek, is the eastern part of the Arab world, as opposed to the Maghreb (western region), located in West Asia and eastern North Africa. It is the Arabic equivalent for the term Middle East. Poetically the "Place of Sunrise", the name is derived from the verb sharaqa (َشَرَق, "to shine, illuminate, radiate" and "to rise"), from the sh-r-q root (ش-ر-ق), referring to the east, where the sun rises.

The region includes the Arab-majority states of Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, the United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.
Dinedor Hill
Dinedor Hill is situated 2.5 miles south of Hereford.  It is the site of Dinedor Camp, an Iron Age hillfort. More specifically a promontory fort. It is a Scheduled Monument first designated in 1928. It was occupied until late into the first century CE. Roman coins dating from 68-9 CE have been found there.

The hill has been a local visitor attraction since at least the late 19th century.

The name dates back to at least the Roman period and was originally derived from the Welsh words din (fort) and bre (hill)

Hereford
Hereford (/ˈhɛrɪfərd/ ⓘ HERR-if-ərd) is a cathedral city and the county town of the ceremonial county of Herefordshire, England. It is on the banks of the River Wye and lies 16 miles (26 km) east of the border with Wales, 23 miles (37 km) north-west of Gloucester and 24 miles (39 km) south-west of Worcester. With a population of 61,900 in 2024, it is the largest settlement in Herefordshire.

An early town charter from 1189, granted by Richard I of England, describes it as "Hereford in Wales". Hereford has been recognised as a city since time immemorial, with the status being reconfirmed in October 2000. Hereford has been a civil parish since 2000.

Products from Hereford include cider, beer, leather goods, nickel alloys, poultry, chemicals and sausage rolls, as well as the Hereford breed of cattle.
Mark Matthiesen
Mark Matthiesen is an American politician from the state of Missouri. A Republican, he was elected in November 2016 from the 70th district of the Missouri House of Representatives, served from January 2017 to January 2019, then was elected in November 2022 from the 107th district.

Missouri House of Representatives
The Missouri House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the Missouri General Assembly, the upper chamber being the Missouri Senate. It has 163 members, representing districts with an average size of 37,000 residents. House members are elected for two-year terms during general elections held in even-numbered years.

Missouri's house is the fourth largest in the United States even as the state ranks 18th in population. The only states with a larger lower house in the United States are New Hampshire (400), Pennsylvania (203), and Georgia (180). Republicans have controlled the State House since 2003.

The next election will be held in 2026.
Santa Maria de Merlès
Santa Maria de Merlès (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈsantə məˈɾi.ə ðə məɾˈlɛs]) is a municipality in Catalonia. It is officially within the comarca of Berguedà, but traditionally, it is a part of the natural comarca of Lluçanès. The municipality is located on the riera, or stream, of Merlès, from which the town takes its name. It is located about 14 kilometers east of Puig-reig, and 8 kilometers west of Prats de Lluçanès, the nearest market town.

The town is divided into two parishes, Santa Maria (in the Bishopric of Solsona) to the west of the riera, and Sant Martí (in the Bishopric of Vic) to the east.

Although the municipality lies within the natural region of Lluçanès, it voted in 2015 not to join a proposed new comarca of that name, but the plan was put on hold due to insufficient support.

Berguedà
Berguedà (Catalan pronunciation: [bəɾɣəˈða]) is an inland comarca in the central region of Catalonia, Spain. It lies partly in the Pyrenees and Pre-Pyrenees, and partly in the Catalan Central Depression. The capital is the city of Berga.
Free Home, Georgia
Free Home is an unincorporated community in the eastern part of Cherokee County, Georgia, United States. Centered at the intersection of state highways 20 and 372, the rural community has seen moderate suburbanization of the area since the late 1990s. It is home to Free Home Elementary School. Timothy Valentine is the self proclaimed mayor of the town since 2017.

Free Home is about halfway between Ball Ground to the north and Milton to the south-southeast on Georgia 372 (also called Free Home Highway and Birmingham Highway, for the community now within Milton).  On Cumming Highway (Georgia 20), it is also about halfway between Canton (west) and Cumming (east), the Cherokee and Forsyth county seats. The Little River begins as a small stream just southeast of Free Home, near Free Home Road.

Cumming, Georgia
Cumming is a city and the county seat of Forsyth County, Georgia, United States, and the sole incorporated area in the county. It is a suburban city, and part of the Atlanta metropolitan area. In the 2020 census, the population is 7,318, up from 5,430 in 2010. Surrounding unincorporated areas with a Cumming mailing address have a population of approximately 100,000.
2019 Italian Open – Men's singles
Defending champion Rafael Nadal defeated Novak Djokovic in the final, 6–0, 4–6, 6–1 to win the men's singles tennis title at the 2019 Italian Open. It was his record-extending ninth Italian Open title and record 34th Masters 1000 title.

Nick Kyrgios was defaulted from his second-round match after multiple penalties for unsportsmanlike conduct. As a result, he forfeited all points and prize money earned from the event.

Benoît Paire
Benoît "Ben" Paire (French pronunciation: [bənwa pɛːʁ]; born 8 May 1989) is a French professional tennis player. He has a career-high singles ranking of World No. 18, achieved in January 2016.

He has won three singles titles, at the 2015 Swedish Open, the 2019 Marrakesh Open and the 2019 Lyon Open. His best result in a Grand Slam has been reaching the fourth round on four occasions. He has a career-high ranking of World No. 65 in doubles achieved on 15 November 2021.

In 2015, Paire was voted Comeback Player of the Year, rising from world No. 118 ATP singles ranking at year-end 2014 to a then career-high world No. 19 at year-end 2015, after a knee injury had sidelined him for much of 2014.
The Damn Tour
The Damn Tour (stylized as The DAMN. Tour) was a concert tour by American rapper and songwriter Kendrick Lamar, in support of his fourth studio album, Damn (2017). The tour's North American leg began on July 12, 2017, in Glendale, Arizona and ended on September 2, 2017, in Miami. The European leg of the tour started on February 7, 2018, in Dublin and concluded on March 5, 2018, in Berlin. The tour's Oceanian tour started on July 10, 2018, in Perth, and concluded on July 30, 2018, in Seoul.

According to Pollstar, The Damn Tour grossed $41.4 million with 452,387 tickets sold in 36 shows only in North America.

Pollstar
Pollstar is a trade publication for the concert and live music industry. The publication was purchased by Oak View Group, a venue consultancy founded by Tim Leiweke and Irving Azoff, in July 2017.

Pollstar holds an annual award ceremony to honor artists and professionals in the concert industry.
Legions (film)
Legions (Spanish: Legiones), also known as Cosa e' Mandinga, is a 2022 Argentine supernatural horror film written and directed by Fabián Forte. It stars Germán de Silva as Antonio Poyju, a powerful sorcerer who must escape from a psychiatric hospital and find his daughter Helena (played by Lorena Vega)—who has forgotten her magical powers—in order to counter demonic forces wreaking havoc across Argentina.

Legions was filmed in Buenos Aires and Misiones Province, Argentina. It premiered in Porto Alegre, Brazil, on 5 January 2022, and screened at several film festivals throughout the year, including the Fantaspoa Festival, Sitges Film Festival and the Fantasia International Film Festival. The film was released by XYZ Films in North America on video-on-demand (VOD) on 19 January 2023.

Fantaspoa
Fantaspoa is an international film festival held annually in Porto Alegre, Brazil. Established in 2005, it focuses on genre cinema, including fantasy, science fiction and horror, and showcases both feature-length and short films, with a focus on Portuguese and Spanish language productions.
Xeer
Xeer (pronounced [ħeːr]) is the traditional legal system used by Somalis in Djibouti, Somalia, Somaliland, Somali Region of Ethiopia, and the North Eastern Province in Kenya. It is one of the three systems from which formal Somali law draws its inspiration, the others being civil law and Islamic law. It is believed to pre-date Islam. However, Islam influenced it, with Xeer incorporating many Islamic legal principles. Under this system, the elders, known as the xeer begti, serve as mediator judges and help settle court cases, taking precedent and custom into account. Xeer is polycentric in that different groups within Somali society have different interpretations of xeer.

Somali Region
The Somali Region (Somali: Dawlad Deegaanka Soomaalida, Amharic: ሱማሌ ክልል, romanized: Sumalē Kilil, Arabic: المنطقة الصومالية), also known as Soomaali Galbeed (lit. 'Western Somalia') and officially the Somali Regional State, is a regional state in eastern Ethiopia. It is the second largest region of Ethiopia in terms of area. The state borders the Ethiopian regions of Afar and Oromia to the west, as well as Djibouti to the north, Somaliland to the northeast, Somalia to the east and south; and Kenya to the southwest. Jijiga is the capital of the state.

The Somali regional government is composed of the executive branch, led by the President; the legislative branch, which comprises the State Council; and the judicial branch, which is led by the State Supreme Court.
Sumer–Elam war
The Sumer–Elam war took place across present-day Iraq and Iran and is one of the earliest conflicts for which contemporaneous, anecdotal evidence exists, though details of this war are slight. Fought between the forces of Sumer and Elam, it began c. 2600 BC. The written sources on the conflict are the earliest mentioning Elam's existence.

Sumer
Sumer (/ˈsuːmər/ SOO-mər) is the earliest known civilization, located in the historical region of southern Mesopotamia (now south-central Iraq), emerging during the Chalcolithic and early Bronze Ages between the 5th and 4th millennium BC. Like nearby Elam, it is one of the cradles of civilization, along with Egypt, the Indus Valley, the Erligang culture of the Yellow River valley, Caral-Supe, and Mesoamerica. Living along the valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, Sumerian farmers grew an abundance of grain and other crops, a surplus of which enabled them to form urban settlements. The world's earliest known texts come from the Sumerian cities of Uruk and Jemdet Nasr, and date to between c. 3350 – c. 2500 BC, following a period of proto-writing c. 4000 – c. 2500 BC.
Bescós de Garcipollera
Bescós de Garcipollera or Bescós de la Garcipollera is a Spanish settlement belonging to the municipality of Jaca, in the Jacetania, province of Huesca, Aragon. It is located in the valley of the Garcipollera.

La Jacetania
La Jacetania (Aragonese: A Chacetania; French: Jacétanie) is a comarca in northern Aragon, Spain. It is located in the northwestern corner of the Huesca and Zaragoza provinces. The administrative capital is Jaca, which with a population of 13,374 is the largest town in the comarca. The area is famous for its ski resorts.

Jacetania is bordered by France to the north and Navarre to the west. Most of its territory is mountainous, with the ranges of the Pyrenees and Pre-Pyrenees covering most of its area. The name of the comarca originates in the ancient Iberian tribe of the Iacetani (Latin: Iaccetani).

This comarca was the birthplace of the historic County of Aragon.
Clement Dorsey
Clement F. Dorsey (1778 – August 6, 1848) was an American politician from Maryland.

He was born near Oaklands in Anne Arundel County, Maryland, in 1778; attended St. John's College, Annapolis, Maryland; studied law; was admitted to the bar and commenced practice. He was a major in the Maryland Militia 1812–1818. He was elected from Maryland's 1st Congressional district to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, and Twenty-first Congresses (March 4, 1825 – March 3, 1831); resumed the practice of law; unsuccessful candidate for election in 1832 to the Twenty-third Congress; judge of the fifth circuit court of Maryland until his death in Leonardtown, St. Mary's County, Maryland, August 6, 1848; interment in a private burial ground at "Summerseat," near Laurel Grove, Maryland.

20th United States Congress
The 20th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1827, to March 4, 1829, during the third and fourth years of John Quincy Adams's presidency.  The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1820 United States census. Both chambers had a Jacksonian majority.
Jordan Murphy (American actor)
Jordan Murphy is an American actor, host, and producer.  He has appeared in television advertising for Jardiance, TracFone, HomeAdvisor, and other products and services.

He is perhaps best known for presenting the American reality television series Tool Academy.

Verizon Value
Verizon Value, Inc. formerly TracFone Wireless, Inc. (TFWI), is a United States prepaid wireless service provider. It is a mobile virtual network operator offering prepaid and no-contract services on the Verizon network under several brands, including Tracfone Wireless, Straight Talk Wireless, Total Wireless, Simple Mobile, SafeLink Wireless, and Walmart Family Mobile in partnership with Walmart.

In 2021, Verizon acquired TracFone Wireless from América Móvil in a transaction valued at around $6.9 billion. TracFone's portfolio of brands were integrated into the Verizon wireless business.
Foxdale Mines
The Foxdale Mines is a collective term for a series of mines and shafts which were situated in a highly mineralised zone on the Isle of Man, running east to west, from Elerslie mine in Crosby to Niarbyl on the coast near Dalby. In the 19th century the mines were widely regarded as amongst the richest ore mines in the British Isles.

Dalby, Isle of Man
Dalby (Manx: Delbee) is a small hamlet on the Isle of Man, near the western coast. It lies on the A27 Port Erin to Peel road, five miles south of Peel, in the parish of Patrick.

The hamlet looks out towards the Irish Sea from the western side of Dalby Mountain. The Raad ny Foillan long distance coastal footpath runs through Dalby.

Prior to its closure in 2007, the hamlet had a public house called the Ballacallin Hotel which was known for its views of the sunset over Niarbyl. The hotel later went up in flames on 9 February 2021 and was subsequently demolished. Niarbyl is home to a cafe and visitor centre, as well as some traditional Manx cottages. It can be accessed by car, with parking available at the cafe.

During World War II, a radar station was located at Dalby. The radar station consisted of a number of bunkers, still visible in the fields between Dalby and Niarbyl and now part of local farm land.