hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Port knocking
In computer networking, port knocking is a method of externally opening ports on a firewall by generating a connection attempt on a set of prespecified closed ports. Once a correct sequence of connection attempts is received, the firewall rules are dynamically modified to allow the host which sent the connection attempts to connect over specific port(s). A variant called single packet authorization (SPA) exists, where only a single "knock" is needed, consisting of an encrypted packet.

The primary purpose of port knocking is to prevent an attacker from scanning a system for potentially exploitable services by doing a port scan, because unless the attacker sends the correct knock sequence, the protected ports will appear closed.

Port scanner
A port scanner is an application designed to probe a server or host for open ports. Such an application may be used by administrators to verify security policies of their networks and by attackers to identify network services running on a host and exploit vulnerabilities.

A port scan or portscan is a process that sends client requests to a range of server port addresses on a host, with the goal of finding an active port; this is not a nefarious process in and of itself. The majority of uses of a port scan are not attacks, but rather simple probes to determine services available on a remote machine.

To portsweep is to scan multiple hosts for a specific listening port.  The latter is typically used to search for a specific service,  for example, an SQL-based computer worm may portsweep looking for hosts listening on TCP port 1433.
Lake Forest School District
Lake Forest School District, in Kent County, Delaware, was created when funding was not sufficient for three proximal districts (Harrington School District, Felton School District, and Frederica School District) so the three were merged to create a new combined district in 1969. Its headquarters are in an unincorporated area of Kent County with a Felton postal address.

It includes Bowers, Felton, Harrington, Viola, most of Riverview, most of Frederica, and some of Woodside East.

Kent County, Delaware
Kent County is a county located in the central part of the U.S. state of Delaware. As of the 2020 census, the population was 181,851, making it the least populous county in Delaware, but the most populous county in the United States to be the least populous in its state. The county seat is Dover, the state capital of Delaware. It is named for Kent, an English county.

Kent County comprises the Dover metropolitan area, which is included in the Philadelphia-Reading-Camden, PA-NJ-DE-MD combined statistical area.
1981 NCAA Division I Swimming and Diving Championships
The 1981 NCAA Men's Division I Swimming and Diving Championships were contested in March 1981 at the Texas Swimming Center at the University of Texas at Austin in Austin, Texas at the 58th annual NCAA-sanctioned swim meet to determine the team and individual national champions of Division I men's collegiate swimming and diving in the United States.

Hosts Texas topped the team standings for the first time, the Longhorns' inaugural national title.

This was the final year before the inaugural NCAA Women's Division I Swimming and Diving Championships, although the men's and women's titles would not be held at the same site until 2006.

NCAA Division I women's swimming and diving championships
The NCAA Division I women's swimming and diving championships are contested at an annual swim meet hosted by the National Collegiate Athletic Association to determine the individual and team champions of women's collegiate swimming and diving among its Division I members in the United States. It has been held every year since 1982, except 2020.

The meet is typically held on the second-to-last weekend (Thursday-Saturday) in March.

The swimming-portion of the meet takes place in a 25-yard pool, except in 2000 and 2004 which swam in a 25-meter course.

Stanford have been the most successful program, with 11 national titles.

Virginia are the reigning national champions, winning their fifth national title in 2025.
Ginsterhahn
50°35′N 7°21′E﻿ / ﻿50.583°N 7.350°E﻿ / 50.583; 7.350

Ginsterhahn is an Ortschaft in the municipality Sankt Katharinen in the district of Neuwied in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It lies on the Landesstraße 254 in the vicinity of Grendel, Kaimig, and the Linz am Rhein transmitter.

Neuwied (district)
Neuwied (German pronunciation: [nɔʏˈviːt] ⓘ) is a district (Kreis) in the north of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise) Rhein-Sieg, Altenkirchen, Westerwaldkreis, Mayen-Koblenz, Ahrweiler.
Gerhard Walter
Gerhard Walter (born 27 September 1915; date of death unknown) was a Swiss footballer who played two seasons for FC Basel in the early 1930s. He played as goalkeeper.

Walter joined Basel's first team in 1931. He played his domestic league debut for the club in the home game at the Landhof on 30 August 1931 as Basel lost 1–4 against Young Fellows Zürich.

In the two Basel seasons 1931–32 and 1932–33 Walter played a total of eight games for Basel Six of these games were in the Swiss Serie A and two in the Swiss Cup.

SC Young Fellows Juventus
Sportclub Young Fellows Juventus is a professional Swiss football club based in Zürich. It was founded in 1992 following a merger between Young Fellows Zürich (established in 1903) and Società Calcistica Italiana Juventus Zurigo (1922). The team currently play in the 1. Liga Classic, the fourth tier of Swiss football.
Paulette Pax
Paulette Pax (née Paulette Ménard born in 1887 in Russia – died in 1942 in Paris) was a French actress, theatre director and scenographer.

She co-directed the Théâtre de l'Œuvre from 1929 until her death succeeding Bella Rossellini.

Maurice Rostand
Maurice Rostand (26 May 1891 – 21 February 1968) was a French author, the son of the poet and dramatist Edmond Rostand and the poet Rosemonde Gérard, and brother of the biologist Jean Rostand.

Rostand was a writer of poems, novels, and plays. He was friends with Jean Cocteau and Lucien Daudet and was one of the homosexual personalities who frequented the salons during the period between the wars. Rostand was defined as a pacifist and a leftist whose ideas bore him the hate of the far-right press, which mocked his homosexuality, particularly L'Action française and Émile Buré's L'Ordre.

In 1948, he published his memoirs, Confession d'un demi-siècle. He is interred in Passy Cemetery.
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 147
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 147 (P. Oxy. 147 or P. Oxy. I 147) is a receipt, written in Greek and discovered in Oxyrhynchus. The manuscript was written on papyrus in the form of a sheet. The document was written on 7 April 556. Currently it is housed in the Egyptian Museum (10074) in Cairo.

Papyrus
Papyrus (/pəˈpaɪrəs/ pə-PY-rəs) is a material similar to thick paper that was used in ancient times as a writing material. It was made from the pith of the papyrus plant, Cyperus papyrus, a wetland sedge. Papyrus (plural: papyri or papyruses) can also refer to a document written on sheets of such material, joined side by side and rolled up into a scroll, an early form of a book.

Papyrus was first known to have been used in Egypt (at least as far back as the First Dynasty), as the papyrus plant was once abundant across the Nile Delta. It was also used throughout the Mediterranean region. Apart from writing material, ancient Egyptians employed papyrus in the construction of other artifacts, such as reed boats, mats, rope, sandals, and baskets.
Dodging and burning
Dodging and burning are techniques used during the printing process to manipulate the exposure of select areas on a photographic print, deviating from the rest of the image's exposure. In a darkroom print from a film negative, dodging decreases the exposure for areas of the print that the photographer wishes to be lighter, while burning increases the exposure to areas of the print that should be darker.

Any material with varying degrees of opacity may be used, as preferred, to cover or obscure the desired area for burning or dodging. One may use a transparency with text, designs, patterns, a stencil, or a completely opaque material shaped according to the desired area of burning/dodging.

Many modern digital image editing programs have "dodge" and "burn" tools that mimic the effect on digital images.

Photographic printing
Photographic printing is the process of producing a final image on paper for viewing, using chemically sensitized paper. The paper is exposed to a photographic negative, a positive transparency (or slide), or a digital image file projected using an enlarger or digital exposure unit such as a LightJet or Minilab printer. Alternatively, the negative or transparency may be placed atop the paper and directly exposed, creating a contact print. Digital photographs are commonly printed on plain paper, for example by a color printer, but this is not considered "photographic printing".

Following exposure, the paper is processed to reveal and make permanent the latent image.
West Hollywood Memorial Walk
West Hollywood Memorial Walk (Memorial Walk) is a memorial and landmark in West Hollywood, California, along the sidewalks of Santa Monica Boulevard between Fairfax Avenue and Doheny Drive, at the eastern border of the City of Beverly Hills. Bronze plaques engraved with the names of those who died from acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) are embedded in the sidewalk as a tribute. Funds from the purchase of plaques support the programs of California non-profit Aid For AIDS to assist impoverished people in Los Angeles County living with HIV/AIDS.

Doheny Drive
Doheny Drive is a north–south thoroughfare mostly through Beverly Hills and West Hollywood, in Los Angeles County, California.

It is named for Edward L. Doheny, an early 20th century oil tycoon based in Los Angeles.
Taboo (game)
Taboo is a word, guessing, and party game published by Parker Brothers in 1989 (subsequently purchased by Hasbro). The objective of the game is for a player to have their partners guess the word on the player's card without using the word itself or five additional words listed on the card.

The game is similar to Catch Phrase, also from Hasbro, in which a player tries to get their teammates to guess words using verbal clues.

From 2003, a TV game show adaptation ran on TNN, hosted by Chris Wylde.

Chris Wylde
Chris Wylde (born Chris Noll, August 22, 1976) is an American actor from New Jersey.

Wylde is best known for his roles in  the films The DUFF, Space Cowboys, the 2009 horror film The Revenant, the 2017 horror comedy The Babysitter and its 2020 sequel The Babysitter: Killer Queen. He had his own show on Comedy Central and has guest starred on numerous shows on the Disney Channel. Wylde created, writes, produces and stars in the web series Dadholes. He has recurring roles on Amphibia as Angwin, Young Sheldon as Glenn the owner of the comic book store and The Cuphead Show! as Ribby.
Gannett Peak
Gannett Peak is the highest mountain peak in the U.S. state of Wyoming at 13,810 ft (4,210 m). It lies in the Wind River Range within the Bridger Wilderness of the Bridger-Teton National Forest.  Straddling the Continental Divide along the boundary between Fremont and Sublette counties, it has the second greatest topographic prominence in the state (7,076 ft; 2,157 m) after Cloud Peak (7,077 ft; 2,157 m), and is the highest ground for 290.36 mi (467.29 km) in any direction.

Continental Divide of the Americas
The Continental Divide of the Americas (also known as the Great Divide, the Western Divide or simply the Continental Divide; Spanish: Divisoria continental de América, Gran Divisoria) is the principal, and largely mountainous, hydrological divide of the Americas. The Continental Divide extends from the Bering Strait to the Strait of Magellan, and separates the watersheds that drain into the Pacific Ocean from those river systems that drain into the Atlantic and Arctic Ocean, including those that drain into the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean Sea, and Hudson Bay.

Although there are many other hydrological divides in the Americas, the Continental Divide is by far the most prominent of these because it tends to follow a line of high peaks along the main ranges of the Rocky Mountains and Andes, at a generally much higher elevation than the other hydrological divisions.
Dan Lerner
Dan Lerner is an American television director and producer, mostly specializing in dramatic television.

Some of his directing credits include NCIS, L.A. Law, Once and Again, Profiler, Carnivàle, Thirtysomething, Chicago Fire, Grey's Anatomy, In Plain Sight and Bull.

Prior to his work in television, Lerner worked as camera operator on the films Sophie's Choice, Witness, Against All Odds and Heartburn.

Witness (1985 film)
Witness is a 1985 American neo-noir crime thriller film directed by Peter Weir. Starring Harrison Ford, its plot focuses on a police detective protecting an Amish woman and her son, who becomes a target after he witnesses a brutal murder in a Philadelphia railroad station.

Filmed in 1984, Witness was released theatrically by Paramount Pictures in February 1985. The film received positive reviews upon release and became a sleeper hit, grossing over $117.37 million worldwide. At the 58th Academy Awards, it earned eight nominations, including Best Picture and Best Actor for Ford, winning Best Original Screenplay and Best Film Editing. It was also nominated for seven BAFTA Awards, winning one for Maurice Jarre's score, and six Golden Globe Awards. William Kelley and Earl W. Wallace won the Writers Guild of America Award for Best Original Screenplay and the 1986 Edgar Award for Best Motion Picture Screenplay presented by the Mystery Writers of America.
Owain Doull
Owain Daniel Doull (born 2 May 1993) is a Welsh road and track cyclist, who currently rides for UCI WorldTeam EF Education–EasyPost. Doull specialises in the team pursuit on the track, and won a gold medal in the discipline at the 2016 Olympics in Rio de Janeiro; as a result, he became the first Welsh-speaking athlete to win Olympic gold.

British National Individual Pursuit Championships
The British National Individual Pursuit Championships are held annually as part of the British National Track Championships organised by British Cycling. A women's championship was held for the first time in 1960.

The race is contested over 4,000 metres but the former Professional version was contested over 5,000 metres.
Zuane Pizzigano
Zuane Pizzigano (sometimes given as Giovanni Pizzigano), was a 15th-century Venetian cartographer.  He is the author of a famous 1424 portolan chart, the first known to depict the phantom islands of the purported Antillia archipelago (Antillia, Satanazes, Royllo and Tanmar), in the north Atlantic Ocean.

Phantom island
A phantom island is a purported island which has appeared on maps but was later found not to exist. They usually originate from the reports of early sailors exploring new regions, and are commonly the result of navigational errors, mistaken observations, unverified misinformation, or deliberate fabrication. Some have remained on maps for centuries before being "un-discovered".

Unlike lost lands, which are claimed (or known) to have once existed but to have been swallowed by the sea or otherwise destroyed, a phantom island is one that is claimed to exist contemporaneously, but later found not to have existed in the first place (or found not to be an island, as with the Island of California).
Kanraj
Kanraj, also spelled as Kanrach, (Brahui: کنراج, [ˈkanraːdʒ]) is a village and union council serving as the administrative centre of Kanraj Tehsil in Lasbela District, Balochistan, Pakistan. Situated approximately 125 kilometres northeast of Winder, the village lies within a remote valley within the Kirthar Mountains known for its significant mineral wealth.

Notably, the Duddar mine, located a few kilometres to the south, hosts one of Pakistan's largest lead and zinc extraction operations. Due to the presence of this strategic resource, access to the Kanraj Valley is restricted.

Windar
Windar (also spelled Winder; Balochi: ونڈر, Urdu: وندر) is the administrative capital of Sonmiani Tehsil in Hub District, located in Balochistan, Pakistan. As of the most recent data, the town has a population of 35,245. It is after Hub the second largest town in the district. The N-25 National Highway, the principal road link between Karachi and the rest of Balochistan, passes directly through the town of Winder.

The proposed 3-megawatt Winder Dam across the Winder River is located 25 kilometers from Winder.
Mike Wright (defensive end)
Michael Wright (born March 1, 1982) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive end for the New England Patriots of the National Football League (NFL). He was signed by the Patriots as an undrafted free agent in 2005. He played college football for the Cincinnati Bearcats.

Cincinnati Bearcats football
The Cincinnati Bearcats football team represents the University of Cincinnati in college football. They compete at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision level as members of the Big 12 Conference. They have played their home games in historic and renovated Nippert Stadium since 1924. The Bearcats have an all-time record of over .500, having reached their 600th program victory in 2017.
Blue Water Dokken
Blue Water Dokken is a multi-purpose indoor arena in Esbjerg, Denmark. Its best known tenant is the women's handball club Team Esbjerg, one of the top teams of the Danish championship, that also regularly plays in Europe, having reached the EHF Cup final in 2014. Beside handball it also hosts other indoor sports as well as concerts, shows and others.

EHF Women's European League
The Women's EHF European League is an annual competition for women's handball clubs of Europe. It is organized by the EHF. It is currently the second-tier competition of European club handball, ranking only below the EHF Champions League.

Previously called the Women's EHF Cup, the competition is known as the Women's EHF European League from the 2020–21 season.
Destination principle
The destination principle is a concept of international taxation which allows for value added taxes to be retained by the country where the taxed product is being sold. They are collected on imports and rebated on exports.

This principle is also applied to the Goods and Services Tax of several countries like India.

Export
An export in international trade is a good produced in one country that is sold into another country or a service provided in one country for a national or resident of another country. The seller of such goods or the service provider is an exporter; the foreign buyer is an importer. Services that figure in international trade include financial, accounting and other professional services, tourism, education as well as intellectual property rights.

Exportation of goods often requires the involvement of customs authorities.
National Council for Voluntary Organisations
The National Council for Voluntary Organisations (NCVO) is the umbrella body for the voluntary and community sector in England. It is a registered charity (no. 225922). It works to support the voluntary and community sector and to create an environment in which an independent civil society can flourish. NCVO has a membership of more than 17,000 voluntary organisations. These range from large national bodies to community groups, volunteer centres, and development agencies working at a local level. In 2025, its income was £9.5 million.

John Henry Whitley
John Henry Whitley (8 February 1866 – 3 February 1935), often known as J. H. Whitley, was a British politician and Georgist. He was the final Liberal to serve as Speaker of the House of Commons, a role he held from 1921 to 1928.
Science and technology in China
Science and technology in the People's Republic of China have developed rapidly from the 1980s to the 2020s, with major scientific and technological progress over the last four decades. From the 1980s to the 1990s, the government of the People's Republic of China successively launched the 863 Program and the "Strategy to Revitalize the Country Through Science and Education", which greatly promoted the development of China's science and technological institutions.

As per the Global Innovation Index in 2025, China was considered one of the most innovative in the world, ranking 10th globally, third in the Asia & Oceania region, and second for large countries with a population of over 100 million.

China Association for Science and Technology
The China Association for Science and Technology (CAST) is a people's organization of Chinese scientists and engineers, which is composed of multiple national professional societies and hundreds of branches at various local and international levels. CAST was formed in September 1958 through the merger of the All-China Federation of Natural Science Societies and the All-China Association for Science Popularization. Its stated goal is to act as a link between the science and technology community and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and government. CAST is a constituent member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC). Wan Gang is the current president of the national committee of CAST. He Junke serves as the Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary for CAST.
Tylihul Estuary
The Tylihul Estuary also called Tylihulskyi lyman (Ukrainian: Тилігульський лиман) or simply Tiligul is a Ramsar-listed government protected estuary or liman of the Tylihul River. Located in Odesa Oblast in the south of Ukraine, the estuary includes an ornithological game reserve and the Tylihulskyi Regional Landscape Park situated on the East coast.

The name of the water body originates from the Turkish: Deli Göl, meaning "mad, rabid lake".

Ramsar Convention
The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat is an international treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of Ramsar sites (wetlands). It is also known as the Convention on Wetlands. It is named after the city of Ramsar in Iran, where the convention was signed in 1971.

Every three years, representatives of the contracting parties meet as the Conference of the Contracting Parties (COP), the policy-making organ of the convention which adopts decisions (site designations, resolutions and recommendations) to administer the work of the convention and improve the way in which the parties are able to implement its objectives. In 2022, COP15 was held in Montreal, Canada.
Coast (song)
"Coast" is a song by American singer and actress Hailee Steinfeld, released as a single on July 29, 2022. A pop record, the song features American singer and songwriter Anderson .Paak, and is Steinfeld's first release in two years since her 2020 EP Half Written Story. The song was written by Steinfeld and Paak themselves, alongside Mikky Ekko and Gabe Simon, who produced the song alongside Koz.

Upon its release, the song was received positively by music critics and peaked at number 5 on the Official Aotearoa Music Charts in New Zealand and was certified Gold by Recorded Music NZ (RMNZ) for equivalent sales of 15,000 units in the country. The music video was released on November 11, 2022. The song served as Steinfeld's final release, until her single "SunKissing" (released in 2023).

Koz (musician)
Stephen Kozmeniuk, known professionally as Koz, is a Canadian record producer, songwriter, engineer and instrumentalist. Production and writing credits include Madonna, Nicki Minaj, Kendrick Lamar, and Dua Lipa. Koz received 3 Grammy nominations at the 2021 Grammy Awards.
Rhinovasum rhinoceros
Rhinovasum rhinoceros, common name the rhinoceros vase snail or rhinoceros vase shell, is a species of large predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk within the family Vasidae.

Subspecies

Rhinovasum rhinoceros attolinoi (T. Cossignani, 2017)

Rhinovasum rhinoceros rhinoceros (Gmelin, 1791)

Vasidae
Vasidae, common name the vase snails or vase shells, are a taxonomic family of large predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks within the superfamily Turbinelloidea.

Before 2024 it was considered as a subfamily of the Turbinellidae.