hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Francis Marion Snow
Francis Marion Snow (June 6, 1881 – August 12, 1927), also known as the Butcher of Stephenville, was an American triple murderer and family annihilator who murdered his wife, mother-in-law, and step-son on November 27, 1925, near Selden, Texas, after an argument. He was convicted of these murders and executed on August 12, 1927. Snow is also suspected of committing several other murders.

Familicide
A familicide is a type of murder or murder–suicide in which an individual kills multiple close family members (children, spouses, siblings, or parents) in quick succession. In half the cases, the killer lastly kills themselves in a murder–suicide. If only the parents are killed, the case may also be referred to as a parricide. Where all members of a family are killed, the crime may be referred to as family annihilation.
Nodar
Nodar (Georgian: ნოდარ) is a masculine Georgian given name. Notable people with the given name include:

Nodar Akhalkatsi (1937–1998), Georgian football manager

Nodar Dumbadze (1928–1984), Georgian writer and one of the most popular authors in the late 20th-century Georgia

Nodar Dzhordzhikiya (1921–2008), Soviet basketball player

Nodar Gvakhariya (1932–1996), Georgian water polo player

Nodar Kancheli (1938–2015), Russian architect who designed the Transvaal Park water park in Yasenevo and Basmanny Market

Nodar Khashba (born 1951), former Prime Minister of Abkhazia

Nodar Khizanishvili (born 1953), Soviet football player of Georgian ethnicity

Nodar Kumaritashvili (1988–2010), Georgian Olympic luger

Nodar Lominadze (born 2002), Georgian footballer

Nodar Mammadov (born 1988), Azerbaijani footballer

Nodar Mgaloblishvili (1931–2019), Soviet, Russian and Georgian theatrical actor

Nodar Mgaloblishvili
Nodar Mgaloblishvili (Russian: Нодар  Мгалоблишвили, Georgian: ნოდარ მგალობლიშვილი, July 15, 1931 in Tbilisi, Georgian SSR, Soviet Union – March 26, 2019 in Tbilisi) was a Soviet and Georgian theatrical and cinema actor.
Isopenicillin N synthase
Isopenicillin N synthase (IPNS) is a non-heme iron protein belonging to the 2-oxoglutarate (2OG)-dependent dioxygenases oxidoreductase family.  This enzyme catalyzes the formation of isopenicillin N from δ-(L-α-aminoadipoyl)-L-cysteinyl-D-valine (LLD-ACV). IPNS occupies an early and key role in the biosynthetic pathway of all of the penicillins and cephalosporins, which are types of β-lactam antibiotics.  This class of antibiotics is the most widely used.  They act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls, which is especially important in Gram-positive organisms.

N-[(5S)-5-amino-5-carboxypentanoyl]-L-cysteinyl-D-valine + O2  isopenicillin N + 2 H2O

This reaction is a step in the biosynthesis of penicillin and cephalosporin antibiotics.

The active sites of most isopenicillin N synthases contain an iron ion.
This enzyme is also called isopenicillin N synthetase.

Cephalosporin
The cephalosporins (sg. /ˌsɛfələˈspɔːrɪn, ˌkɛ-, -loʊ-/) are a class of β-lactam antibiotics originally derived from the fungal genus Acremonium, which was previously known as Cephalosporium.

Together with cephamycins, they constitute a subgroup of β-lactam antibiotics called cephems. Cephalosporins were discovered in 1945, and first sold in 1964.
Mira-sol (Barcelona–Vallès Line)
Mira-Sol is a railway station of the Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya (FGC) train system in the province of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. It is in the municipality Sant Cugat del Vallès, in the comarca of Vallès Occidental. It is serviced by FGC lines S1, and S7. The station is in fare zone 2C.

The station was opened in 1948 even though trains had already been passing through the station since 1918.

Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya
Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya (Eastern Calatan: [ˌfɛrukəˈrilz ðə lə ʒənəɾəliˈtad də kətəˈluɲə], "Catalan Government Railways"; Spanish: Ferrocarriles de la Generalidad de Cataluña), or FGC, is a railway company which operates several unconnected lines in Catalonia, Spain.

The lines operated include metro and commuter lines in and around the city of Barcelona, tourist mountain railways, and rural railway lines. They include 3.5 kilometres (2.2 mi) of 600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in) gauge route, 140 kilometres (87 mi) of 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge route, 42 kilometres (26 mi) of 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge route, and 89 kilometres (55 mi) of broad gauge route, making the FGC one of the few railway companies to operate on four different gauges.

Whilst most lines are conventional adhesion railways, the FGC also operates two rack railways and four funicular railways.

In 2018, the network carried 87.2 million passengers.
High school football
High school football is gridiron football played by high school teams in the United States and Canada. It ranks among the most popular interscholastic sports in both countries. It is the level of tackle football that is played before college football in the United States and U Sports football in Canada.

Amateur sports
Amateur sports are sports in which participants engage largely or entirely without remuneration. The distinction is made between amateur sporting participants and professional sporting participants, who are paid for the time they spend competing and training. In the majority of sports which feature professional players, the professionals will participate at a higher standard of play than amateur competitors, as they can train full-time without the stress of having another job. The majority of worldwide sporting participants are amateurs.

Sporting amateurism was a zealously guarded ideal in the 19th century, especially among the upper classes, but faced steady erosion throughout the 20th century with the continuing growth of pro sports and monetisation of amateur and collegiate sports, and is now strictly held as an ideal by fewer and fewer organisations governing sports, even as they maintain the word "amateur" in their titles.
Thomas H. Brown (Michigan politician)
Thomas H. Brown (July 29, 1917 - August 24, 2002) was a Democratic politician who served in the Michigan House of Representatives and as the first mayor of Westland, Michigan.

A native of Indiana, Brown moved to Michigan and served in several elected offices in Nankin Township before the township was incorporated as the City of Westland. He was elected its first mayor.

In 1970, Brown was elected to the first of six terms in the House, where he chaired the chamber's Towns and Counties Committee.

Brown was member of the Lions, the Knights of Columbus, Amvets, and the Veterans of Foreign Wars. He was a delegate to the 1968 Democratic National Convention in Chicago which nominated Hubert H. Humphrey for President of the United States.

Brown died of cancer on August 24, 2002, aged 85.

Veterans of Foreign Wars
The Veterans of Foreign Wars (VFW), formally the Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States, is an organization of United States war veterans who fought in wars, campaigns, and expeditions on foreign land, waters, or airspace as military service members. Established on September 29, 1899, in Columbus, Ohio, the VFW is headquartered in Kansas City, Missouri. It was federally chartered in 1936.
Chinese Taipei at the 2019 World Beach Games
Chinese Taipei  competed at the inaugural World Beach Games in Doha, Qatar from 12 to 16 October 2019. In total, athletes representing Chinese Taipei won one silver medal and the country finished in 23rd place in the medal table.

2019 World Beach Games
The 2019 World Beach Games, (Arabic: 2019 ألعاب شاطئ العالم) officially known as the ANOC World Beach Games Qatar 2019 and commonly known as Qatar 2019, was the inaugural edition of the international beach and water multi-sport event organized by the Association of National Olympic Committees (ANOC). It was held for five days from 11 to 16 October 2019, in Doha, Qatar, with 110 medals contested across 14 disciplines.

It had originally been scheduled to be hosted in San Diego, United States in 2017. However, after first being postponed to 2019, the Games were then relocated as the city had not generated sufficient private funds needed to stage the event. In June 2019, Doha was announced as the last-minute replacement host city.

Spain were the best performing nation, claiming seven gold medals ahead of Brazil's five; hosts Qatar finished with one medal (silver). ANOC declared the event a success; a survey of the participating NOCs rated the Games an average of 8.65 out of 10.
Seletar Aerospace Park
Seletar Aerospace Park is an industrial park in Singapore catering to the aerospace industries. Located in Seletar, the S$60 million plan to develop 140 hectares of land adjacent to Seletar Airport will further strengthen Singapore's position as an aviation hub. The development of the new aerospace park is geared towards delivering additional space for industry expansion, and complement existing aerospace activities at Changi North and Loyang.

Seletar Aerospace Park will host an integrated cluster of activities such as aerospace maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO); design and manufacturing of aerospace systems and components; business and general aviation activities, and an aviation campus for the training of pilots, aviation professionals and technical personnel.

Aircraft maintenance
Aircraft maintenance is the performance of tasks required to ensure the continuing airworthiness of an aircraft or aircraft part, including overhaul, inspection, replacement, defect rectification, and the embodiment of modifications, compliance with airworthiness directives and repair.
1985 USBL All-Star Game
The 1985 United States Basketball League All-Star Game was the inaugural All-Star Game organised by the league. It was held at the Springfield Civic Center in Springfield, Massachusetts on July 3, 1985, in front of 5,093 spectators. The hosts Springfield Fame defeated the USBL All-Stars 87–75.

Michael Adams of Springfield Fame was named the MVP.

The 1985 All-Star team featured legendary players like Manute Bol, Spud Webb, and John "Hot Rod" Williams.

Spud Webb
Michael Anthony Jerome "Spud" Webb (born July 13, 1963) is an American former professional basketball player. A 5 ft 7 in (170 cm) point guard, Webb played college basketball at Midland College and at North Carolina State University. He then played for four teams in the National Basketball Association (NBA) in a professional career that spanned from 1985 to 1998. Webb also played professional basketball in the United States Basketball League, in the Continental Basketball Association, and in Italy.

Webb is one of the shortest players in NBA history. He is known for having won the 1986 NBA Slam Dunk Contest. Webb has served as president of basketball operations for the Texas Legends, the NBA G League affiliate of the Dallas Mavericks, since 2010.
Galina Savenko
Galina Savenko (March 28, 1966 – March 31, 2012) was a Soviet sprint canoer who competed from the late 1980s to the early 1990s. She won two bronze medals at the 1989 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Plovdiv, earning them in the K-2 500 m and K-4 500 m events.

Savenko also competed in two Summer Olympics for two different nations. At the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul for the Soviet Union, she finished seventh in the K-1 500 m event. Four years later in Barcelona, Savenko competed for the Unified Team by finishing ninth in the K-4 500 m event though she was eliminated in the semifinals of the K-2 500 m event.

Unified Team at the 1992 Summer Olympics
The Unified Team at the 1992 Summer Olympics (Russian: Объединенная команда на Летних Олимпийских играх 1992) in Barcelona, Spain, was a joint team consisting of twelve of the fifteen former Soviet republics that chose to compete together; the states of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania competed separately. The team has been informally called the Commonwealth of Independent States team, though Georgia was not yet a member of the CIS when it competed as part of the Unified Team. Selected athletes from the Baltic states also competed on the Unified Team. It competed under the IOC country code EUN (from the French Équipe unifiée). A total of 475 competitors, 310 men and 165 women, took part in 234 events in 27 sports.

The team finished first in the medal rankings, edging its old rival the USA 45 to 37 in gold medals, and 112 to 108 in total medals.

The Unified Team's only other appearance was at the 1992 Winter Olympics.
2025–26 Northern Counties East Football League
The 2025–26 Northern Counties East Football League season is the 44th in the history of the Northern Counties East Football League, a football competition in England.

The allocations for Steps 5 and 6 this season were announced by The Football Association on 15 May 2025.

Northern Counties East Football League
The Northern Counties East Football League is a semi-professional English football league. It has two divisions – Premier Division and Division One – which stand at the ninth and tenth levels of the English football pyramid respectively.
Ontario tobacco belt
The Ontario tobacco belt is the tobacco-growing region located in Norfolk County and eastern Elgin County in Southwestern Ontario, Canada. The region is close to the north shore of Lake Erie, with a moderate climate and sandy, silt-loam soils that are well-suited to a wide variety of crops.

High-value horticultural crops thrive in this region, including 90% of all tobacco grown in Canada. Members of Parliament elected to ridings in the Ontario tobacco belt have strong pro-tobacco policies in addition to other policies in the interest of their rural constituents. Historically, the Ontario tobacco belt is composed of the rural area immediately surrounding the towns of Delhi, Aylmer and Tillsonburg. Additional tobacco farms can be found in Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and near Joliette, Quebec.

Elgin County
Elgin County (/ˈɛlɡɪn/ EL-ghin) is a county composed of seven municipalities in Ontario, Canada with a 2021 population of 51,912. Its population centres are Aylmer, Port Stanley, Belmont, Dutton and West Lorne. The county seat is St. Thomas, which is separated from the county but within its geographic boundary.
K. S. Raja
Kanagaratnam Sriskandarajah(Tamil: கநகரத்நம் ஶ்ரீஸ்கந்தராஜ)  known mononymously as K. S. Raja was a very popular Radio Ceylon radio announcer from Sri Lanka. He was popular with his audiences both in Sri Lanka and Tamil Nadu, India. During the course of the Sri Lankan civil war, he was killed by EPDP by poison in 1994

Mononym
A mononym is a name composed of only one word. An individual who is known and addressed by a mononym is a mononymous person.

A mononym may be the person's only name, given to them at birth. This was routine in most ancient societies, and remains common in modern societies such as in Afghanistan, Bhutan, some parts of Indonesia (especially by older Javanese people), Myanmar, Mongolia, Tibet, and South India.

In other cases, a person may select a single name from their polynym or adopt a mononym as a chosen name, pen name, stage name, or regnal name. A popular nickname may effectively become a mononym, in some cases adopted legally. For some historical figures, a mononym is the only name that is still known today.
2011 in science
The year 2011 involved many significant scientific events, including the first artificial organ transplant, the launch of China's first space station and the growth of the world population to seven billion. The year saw a total of 78 successful orbital spaceflights, as well as numerous advances in fields such as electronics, medicine, genetics, climatology and robotics.

2011 was declared the International Year of Forests and Chemistry by the United Nations.

Ralph M. Steinman
Ralph Marvin Steinman (January 14, 1943 – September 30, 2011) was a Canadian physician and medical researcher at Rockefeller University, who in 1973 discovered and named dendritic cells while working as a postdoctoral fellow in the laboratory of Zanvil A. Cohn, also at Rockefeller University. Steinman was one of the recipients of the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
King Lam (constituency)
King Lam (Chinese: 景林) is one of the 29 constituencies in the Sai Kung District.

The constituency returns one district councillor to the Sai Kung District Council, with an election every four years.

King Lam constituency is loosely based on Ho Ming Court and King Lam Estate in Po Lam with estimated population of 17,176.

Sai Kung District Council
The Sai Kung District Council (Chinese: 西貢區議會; noted as SK) is the district council for the Sai Kung District in Hong Kong. It is one of 18 such councils. The Sai Kung District Council currently consists of 32 members, of which the district is divided into three constituencies, electing a total of 6 members, 12 district committee members, 12 appointed members, and two ex-officio members who are the Hang Hau and Sai Kung rural committee chairmen. The latest election was held on 10 December 2023.
Saint-Quentin-de-Chalais
Saint-Quentin-de-Chalais (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ kɑ̃tɛ̃ də ʃalɛ], literally Saint-Quentin of Chalais) is a commune in the Charente department in southwestern France, located 5 km (3 mi) southeast of Chalais and 44 km (27 mi) south of Angoulême in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region.

Charente
Charente (French: [ʃaʁɑ̃t] ⓘ; Saintongese: Chérente; Occitan: Charanta [tʃaˈɾantɔ]) is a department in the administrative region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine, southwestern France. It is named after the river Charente, the most important and longest river in the department, and also the river beside which the department's two largest towns, Angoulême and Cognac, are sited. In 2019, it had a population of 352,015.
Erastus Snow
Erastus Snow (November 9, 1818 – May 27, 1888) was a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1849 until his death. Snow was a leading figure in the Mormon colonization of Arizona, Colorado, and New Mexico.

Utah Territory
The Territory of Utah was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from September 9, 1850, until January 4, 1896, when the final extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Utah, the 45th state.  At its creation, the Territory of Utah included all of the present-day State of Utah, most of the current state of Nevada save for a portion of Southern Nevada (including the metro area of the city of Las Vegas), much of modern western Colorado, and the extreme southwest corner of present-day Wyoming.
Hermitage of St. Simon
Hermitage of St. Simon (Ermita de Sant Simó) is a small Spanish parish church located in the east end of the Royal Road, in the faubourg of Havana, in the municipality of Mataró, comarca of Maresme. Dating to 1611, the seaside chapel is well-known along the Catalonia coast. It has a single nave in keeping with ancient seafaring tradition. The Feast Day is 28 October.

Comarques of Catalonia
The comarques of Catalonia (singular comarca, Eastern Catalan: [kuˈmarkə], Western Catalan: [koˈmaɾka]), often referred to in English as counties, are an administrative division of Catalonia. Each comarca comprises a number of municipalities, roughly equivalent to a county in the United States. Currently, Catalonia is divided into 42 comarques and Aran, considered a "unique territorial entity" and not a comarca.

Each comarca has a representative county council (Catalan: consell comarcal), except for Barcelonès, which abolished it in 2019, and Aran, which instead has the Conselh Generau d'Aran.

Comarques form the second-level administrative division within Catalonia, being a subdivision of vegueries (or provinces at state level).
Ovi Bistriceanu
Ovidiu Bistriceanu, known professionally as Ovi, is a Romanian-Canadian songwriter and music producer, best known for his dance-pop productions, urban and pop-rock. His collaborations include singer Mia Martina for Burning which peaked at #8 on Billboard Canadian CHR Top 40 Chart and #25 on the Billboard Canadian Hot 100 Chart, and Massari for Brand New Day which charted in several countries including Canada, Germany, Hungary and Austria. He has also worked with several other artists and musicians including French Montana, Elena Gheorghe, Andreea Bănică, Mozhdah and Nat Jay.

Andreea Bănică
Andreea Bănică (Romanian pronunciation: [anˈdree̯a bəˈnikə]; born 21 June 1978) is a Romanian singer and songwriter. She was part of the girl groups Exotic (1998–2000) and Blondy (2001–2005). In 2005, Bănică started a solo career and became one of Romania's most successful pop artists, with 2 number ones and 15 Top20 singles, as well as hit songs like "Love in Brasil", "Samba", "Hooky Song", "Sexy", "Shining Heart" and "Rain in July".

She also won various awards, including the Romanian Music Awards, Romanian Top Hits, MTV European Music Awards and the Balkan Music Awards. Bănică speaks Romanian, English, Spanish and Brazilian-Portuguese.
Enga Sign Language
Enga Sign Language is an apparent village sign language among the Tato Enga people in Enga province, Papua New Guinea. It was reported in 1980 in three articles by Adam Kendon, based on ethnographic films of three signers (one deaf, two hearing) in the upper valley of the Lagaip River, but with reports of wider use in the surrounding region. Its current status is unknown, as no more recent information is available.

Enga Province
Enga is one of the provinces in Papua New Guinea (PNG). Enga is geographically situated in the northern region of Papua New Guinea and was separated from the adjacent Western Highlands at the time of national independence in 1975. The majority ethnic group are Engans. Approximately 500,000 people live within the province, which has one spoken language in all five of its districts. A small minority of Engans' land on the eastern side of the region remained in the Western Highlands, their territory being accessible by road from Mount Hagen but not directly from elsewhere in Enga territory.
Sugai
Sugai (written: 菅井 or 須貝) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Eri Sugai (菅井 えり, 1961–2016), Japanese singer, composer and arranger

Hitoshi Sugai (須貝 等, born 1962), Japanese judoka

Ichiro Sugai (菅井 一郎, 1907–1973), Japanese actor

Kin Sugai (菅井 きん, 1926 - 2018), Japanese actress

Kumi Sugai (菅井 汲, 1919–1996), Japanese painter and printmaker

Madoka Sugai (菅井 円加, born 1994), Japanese ballet dancer

Naoki Sugai (菅井 直樹, born 1984), Japanese footballer

Noboru Sugai (須貝 昇, born 1949), Japanese golfer

Takekichi Sugai (菅井 竹吉, 1871–1944), Japanese dermatologist

Takuya Sugai (菅井 拓也, born 1991), Japanese footballer

Tatsuya Sugai (菅井 竜也, born 1992), Japanese shogi player

Yohei Sugai (菅井 洋平, born 1985), Japanese long jumper

Yūka Sugai (菅井 友香, born 1995), Japanese idol singer

Kin Sugai
Kin Sugai (菅井きん, Sugai Kin) (28 February 1926 – 10 August 2018) was a Japanese actress. She won the award for best supporting actress at the 9th Hochi Film Award for The Funeral. Sugai is famous for her role as Sen Nakamura in the jidaigeki drama Hissatsu series.

She won the Best Supporting Actress award at the 8th Japan Academy Film Prize for her role in The Funeral. In 2008, she landed lead role for the first time in the Hideo Sakai film ぼくのおばあちゃん (Hepburn: Boku no Obaachan) at the age of 82, and was certified as Guinness as "the world's oldest movie starring actress".