hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jo Ann Jenkins
Jo Ann Jenkins (born February 8, 1958) is the former CEO  of AARP. She was appointed on September 1, 2014, having previously served as chief operating officer from 2013 to 2014. She retired from the role at the end of 2024. Between 1994 and 2010, she was a senior adviser, chief of staff, and chief operating officer of the Library of Congress.

AARP
AARP, formerly the American Association of Retired Persons, is an interest group in the United States focusing on issues affecting those 50 and older. The organization, which is headquartered in Washington, D.C., said it had more than 38 million members as of 2018. The magazine and bulletin it sends to its members are the two largest-circulation publications in the United States.

AARP was formed in 1958 by Ethel Percy Andrus, a retired educator from California, and Leonard Davis, who later founded Colonial Penn's insurance companies. It is an influential lobbying group in the United States. AARP sells paid memberships, and markets insurance and other services to its members.
Lote, India
Lote Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation (MIDC) area is located in the Khed taluka, in the Ratnagiri district of Maharashtra state in India. It is adjacent to Dhamandevi village. They export to the Americas and Europe.

Factories in Lote are predominantly in the chemical industry and include:

Kansai Nerolac Paints

Gharda Chemicals Ltd

NOCIL (Taken over by Dow Chemical Company)

Pentokey Organy (India) Ltd

Bhavana Petrochem Pvt. Ltd

Parco Pharmaceutical and Chemicals

Shireen Industries

Ratnagiri Chemicals Pvt. Ltd.

S. R. Drugs

Indian Oxalate Ltd.

Kokan Synthetics & Chemical Pvt.Ltd

Eltech Fine Chem Pvt.Ltd

Filtra Catalysts & Chemicals Ltd

Arpit Investment P.Ltd

Dow Agrosciences India Pvt Ltd

Sandvik

Aimco Pesticides Limited

Hindustan Unilever Limited

Parshwa Biotech LLP

Excel Industries Limited

Dorf Ketal

Khed, Ratnagiri
Khed (Pronunciation: [kʰeːɖ]) is a municipal council in the Ratnagiri district of the state of Maharashtra, India. Khed town is situated on the Mumbai - Ratnagiri Highway.

Khed is the headquarters of Khed taluka which connects the district administration with the village administration.
2009 Mutua Madrileña Masters Madrid
The 2009 Madrid Open (also known as the Mutua Madrileña Madrid Open for sponsorship reasons) was a tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the eighth edition of the Madrid Masters on the ATP and first on the WTA. It was classified as an ATP World Tour Masters 1000 event on the 2009 ATP World Tour and a Premier Mandatory event on the 2009 WTA Tour. Both the men's and the women's events took place at the Park Manzanares in Madrid, Spain from 9 May until 17 May 2009.

2009 was the first year that the Madrid Masters was played on clay rather than a hard-court surface, which replaced Hamburg Masters (for men) that was now downgraded into an ATP 500 tournament and Berlin (for women) which was now defunct.

Roger Federer and Dinara Safina won the singles titles.

ATP 500 tournaments
The ATP 500 tournaments (previously known as the ATP World Tour 500 tournaments, ATP International Series Gold, and ATP Championship Series) are the fourth-highest tier of annual men's tennis tournaments, after the four Grand Slam tournaments, ATP Finals, and the ATP Masters 1000 events. The winners of each tournament are awarded 500 ranking points—which accounts for the name of the series.

As of 2025, the series includes 16 tournaments, which have draws of 32 for singles (except for the Washington Open: 48) and 16 for doubles. Leading players must enter at least four 500 events, including at least one after the US Open; if they play fewer than four, or fail to play in one after the US Open they get a "zero" score towards their world ranking for each one short.

Roger Federer has won the most ATP 500 singles titles (24), while Daniel Nestor has won the most doubles titles (20).
Cumbernauld Bond
Cumbernauld Bond was a pledge between eighteen Scottish noblemen who met at Cumbernauld in August 1640  to defend Scotland against extreme Presbyterians and to defend the National Covenant for the public good against those who used it predominantly for private gain. At political level it was an agreement to oppose the policies of Earl of Argyll who controlled the dominant political faction in Scotland.  The most prominent pledger was the Earl of Montrose, others included Lord Fleming, the Earl of Marischal, and Lord Almond.

Archibald Campbell, 1st Marquess of Argyll
Archibald Campbell, 1st Marquess of Argyll (March 1607 – 27 May 1661) was a Scottish nobleman, politician, and peer. The de facto head of Scotland's government during most of the conflict of the 1640s and 1650s known as the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, he was the main leader of the Covenanter movement that fought for the Establishment of Presbyterianism in opposition to the preference of King Charles I and the Caroline Divines for instead establishing both High Church Anglicanism and Bishops. He is often remembered as the principal antagonist to the Royalist general James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose.
Mattias Ekholm
Mattias Hans Ekholm (born 24 May 1990) is a Swedish professional ice hockey player who is a defenceman for the Edmonton Oilers of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was drafted in the fourth round, 102nd overall, of the 2009 NHL entry draft by the Nashville Predators.

2009 NHL entry draft
The 2009 NHL entry draft was the 47th entry draft for the National Hockey League. It was held on June 26–27, 2009, at the Bell Centre in Montreal, Quebec. The Draft was part of the Montreal Canadiens' centennial celebrations. NHL teams took turns selecting amateur ice hockey players from junior, collegiate, or European leagues. The New York Islanders, who finished last overall in the 2008–09 NHL season, retained the first overall selection following that year's NHL Draft lottery.

The New York Islanders used the first overall pick to select center John Tavares from the London Knights of the Ontario Hockey League (OHL). The Tampa Bay Lightning used the second pick to draft defenceman Victor Hedman from Modo Hockey of the SEL, and the Colorado Avalanche drafted Matt Duchene of the Brampton Battalion with the third overall pick. Seven Swedes were selected in the first round, an all-time record for the country.

As of 2025 there are 32 active NHL players from this draft.
James Lamb (orientalist)
James Lamb (or Lambe; 1599 – 18 October 1664), was an English clergyman and orientalist.

Lamb was baptised on 2 February 1598/9 in the parish of All Saints' Church, Oxford, the son of Richard Lamb. He was educated at Magdalen College School, and entered Brasenose College, Oxford in 1613, graduating B.A. 1615, M.A. 1619 (incorporated M.A. at Cambridge 1628), D.D. (from St Mary Hall, Oxford) 1660.

He was chaplain to Thomas Wriothesley, 4th Earl of Southampton. In the church, he held the following livings:

Rector of Botley, Hampshire, 1639–60

Canon of Westminster Abbey, 1660–64

Rector of Kings Worthy, Hampshire, 1661

Rector of St Andrew's, Holborn, London, 1662–64

He died on 18 October 1664, and was buried on 20 October in Westminster Abbey.

He bequeathed many of his books to the library of Westminster Abbey; the Bodleian Library holds manuscripts by him, including a three-volume grammar of Arabic.

Botley, Hampshire
Botley is a historic village in Hampshire, England, approximately 3 miles (4.8 km) east of Southampton. It was developed as a natural crossing point for the River Hamble, and received its first market charter from Henry III in 1267. The village grew on the success of its mills, its coaching inns, and more recently strawberries, and was described as "the most delightful village in the world" by 18th century journalist and radical politician William Cobbett.
Dali's Llama
Dali's Llama is an American band formed in 1993 by Zach Huskey and his wife, Erica. The band is primarily a desert rock / stoner rock band but over the years, it has ventured into doom, punk rock, experimental, and garage rock. The Huskeys also started their own record label called Dali's Llama Records and have released thirteen Dali's Llama albums and two EPs, in addition to numerous side projects and solo albums.

Fullerton, California
Fullerton (/ˈfʊlərtən/ FULL-er-tun) is a city in northern Orange County, California, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city had a total population of 143,617.

Fullerton was founded in 1887. It secured the land on behalf of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway. Historically it was a center of agriculture, notably groves of Valencia oranges and other citrus crops, as well as petroleum extraction; transportation; and manufacturing. It is home to numerous higher educational institutions, particularly California State University, Fullerton and Fullerton College. From the mid-1940s through the late 1990s, Fullerton was home to a large industrial base made up of aerospace contractors, canneries, paper products manufacturers, and is considered to be the birthplace of the electric guitar, due in large part to Leo Fender. The headquarters of Vons, which is owned by Albertsons, is located in Fullerton near the Fullerton–Anaheim line.
Miacoidea
Miacoidea ("small points") is a former paraphyletic superfamily of extinct placental mammals that lived during the Paleocene and Eocene epochs, about 66-33,9 million years ago. This group had been traditionally divided into two families of primitive carnivorous mammals: Miacidae (the miacids) and Viverravidae (the viverravids). These mammals were basal to order Carnivora, the crown-group within the Carnivoramorpha.

Crown group
In phylogenetics, the crown group or crown assemblage is a collection of species composed of the living representatives of the collection, the most recent common ancestor of the collection, and all descendants of the most recent common ancestor. It is thus a way of defining a clade, a group consisting of a species and all its extant or extinct descendants. For example, Neornithes (birds) can be defined as a crown group, which includes the most recent common ancestor of all modern birds, and all of its extant or extinct descendants.

The concept was developed by Willi Hennig, the formulator of phylogenetic systematics, as a way of classifying living organisms relative to their extinct relatives in his "Die Stammesgeschichte der Insekten",
and the "crown" and "stem" group terminology was coined by R. P. S. Jefferies in 1979. Though formulated in the 1970s, the term was not commonly used until its reintroduction in 2000 by Graham Budd and Sören Jensen.
Jamie Hanford
Jamie Hanford (born May 25, 1975) is an American lacrosse player who plays for the Rochester Knighthawks in the National Lacrosse League.  Known as a face-off specialist, he was acquired by the Titans as a free agent after playing five seasons with the Colorado Mammoth.

Hanford, named an All-American three times while at Loyola College in Maryland, was selected in the First Round (sixth overall) in the 1998 NLL entry draft.

Hanford has also played in the outdoor Major League Lacrosse.

National Lacrosse League entry draft
The National Lacrosse League entry draft is an annual event where the general managers of National Lacrosse League (NLL) teams choose eligible players for their rosters from US college programs and Canada's junior lacrosse system.

A player is deemed eligible for the draft if he is 21 years of age, or is less than 21 years of age and has used or given up all NCAA or NAIA eligibility.
Maisonnette, New Brunswick
Maisonnette is a former village in Gloucester County, New Brunswick, Canada. It held village status prior to 2023 but is now part of the town of Rivière-du-Nord.

The fishing village is located on the north shore of Caraquet Harbour near Pointe de Maisonnette, opposite the town of Caraquet on the Acadian Peninsula.

Caraquet
Caraquet (English: /ˈkɑːrəkɛt/ French pronunciation: [kaʁakɛt]) is a town in Gloucester County, New Brunswick, Canada.

Situated on the shore of Chaleur Bay in the Acadian Peninsula, its name is derived from the Mi'kmaq term for meeting of two rivers. The Caraquet River and Rivière du Nord flow into the Caraquet Bay west of the town.

On 1 January 2023, the town was greatly enlarged by annexing the village of Bas-Caraquet and all or part of seven local service districts; the annexed communities' names remain in official use. Revised census figures have not been released.
Richard Preston
Richard Preston (born August 5, 1954) is a writer for The New Yorker and bestselling author who has written books about infectious disease, bioterrorism, redwoods and other subjects, as well as fiction.

Bioterrorism
Bioterrorism is terrorism involving the intentional release or dissemination of biological agents. These agents include bacteria, viruses, insects, fungi, and/or their toxins, and may be in a naturally occurring or a human-modified form, in much the same way as in biological warfare. Further, modern agribusiness is vulnerable to anti-agricultural attacks by terrorists, and such attacks can seriously damage economy as well as consumer confidence. The latter destructive activity is called agrobioterrorism and is a subtype of agro-terrorism.
Geology of Iceland
The geology of Iceland is unique and so of particular interest to geologists. Iceland lies on the divergent boundary between the Eurasian plate and the North American plate. It also lies above a hotspot, the Iceland plume. The plume is believed to have caused the formation of Iceland itself, the island first appearing over the ocean surface about 16 to 18 million years ago. The result is an island characterized by repeated volcanism and geothermal phenomena such as geysers.

The eruption of Laki in 1783 caused much devastation and loss of life, leading to a famine that killed about 25% of the island's population and resulted in a drop in global temperatures, as sulfur dioxide was spewed into the Northern Hemisphere. This caused crop failures in Europe and may have caused droughts in India. The eruption has been estimated to have killed over six million people globally.

Between 1963 and 1967, the new island of Surtsey was created off the southwest coast by a volcanic eruption.

Famine
A famine is a widespread scarcity of food caused by several possible factors, including, but not limited to: war, natural disasters, crop failure, widespread poverty, an economic catastrophe or government policies. This phenomenon is usually accompanied or followed by regional malnutrition, starvation, epidemic, and increased mortality. Every inhabited continent in the world has experienced a period of famine throughout history. During the 19th and 20th centuries, Southeast and South Asia, as well as Eastern and Central Europe, suffered the greatest number of fatalities due to famine. Deaths caused by famine declined sharply beginning in the 1970s, with numbers falling further since 2000. Since 2010, Africa has been the most affected continent in the world by famine. As of 2025,  Haiti and Afghanistan are the two countries with the most catastrophic and widespread states of famine, followed by Sudan.
Riga Trial
The Riga Trial was a war crimes trial held in front of a Soviet military tribunal between 26 January and 3 February 1946 in Riga, Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic, Soviet Union against six high ranking Wehrmacht officers, Höheren SS- und Polizeiführer Friedrich Jeckeln and SA-Standartenführer Alexander Boecking.

All eight defendants were found guilty of war crimes during the German–Soviet War of 1941–45 and sentenced to death. They were publicly hanged immediately after sentencing. Only Wolfgang von Ditfurth escaped execution due to bad health. He died in prison from heart failure on 22 March 1946.

Military justice
Military justice (or military law) is the body of laws and procedures governing members of the armed forces. Many nation-states have separate and distinct bodies of law that govern the conduct of members of their armed forces.  Some states use special judicial and other arrangements to enforce those laws, while others use civilian judicial systems.  Legal issues unique to military justice include the preservation of good order and discipline, the legality of orders, and appropriate conduct for members of the military. Some states enable their military justice systems to deal with civil offenses committed by their armed forces in some circumstances.

Military justice is distinct from martial law, which is the imposition of military authority on a civilian population as a substitute for civil authority, and is often declared in times of emergency, war, or civil unrest. Most countries restrict when and in what manner martial law may be declared and enforced.
Silbo Gomero
Silbo Gomero (Spanish: silbo gomero [ˈsilβo ɣoˈmeɾo], "Gomeran whistle"), also known as el silbo ("the whistle"), is a whistled register of Spanish that is used by inhabitants of La Gomera, in the Canary Islands. It was historically used to communicate across the deep ravines and narrow valleys that radiate through the island and enabled messages to be exchanged over a distance of up to five kilometres. Its loudness causes Silbo Gomero to be generally used for public communication. Messages that are conveyed range from event invitations to public information advisories. A speaker of Silbo Gomero is sometimes called a silbador ("whistler").

Silbo Gomero is a transposition of Spanish from speech to whistling. The spoken–whistled phoneme substitution emulates Spanish phonology through a reduced set of whistled phonemes. In 2009, UNESCO declared it a Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.

Phoneme
A phoneme (/ˈfoʊniːm/) is a set of similar speech sounds that are perceptually regarded by the speakers of a language as a single basic sound—a smallest possible phonetic unit—that helps distinguish one word from another. All languages contain phonemes (or the spatial–gestural equivalent in sign languages), and all spoken languages include both consonant and vowel phonemes. Phonemes are studied under phonology, a branch of linguistics (a discipline encompassing language, writing, speech and related matters).

Phonemes are often represented, when written, as a glyph (a character) enclosed within two forward-sloping slashes /. For example, /k/ represents the phoneme or sound used at the beginning of the English-language word cat (as opposed to, say, the /b/ of bat).
2013 Tampere Open – Women's doubles
Olga Brózda and Anouk Tigu were the defending champions, having won the event in 2012, but both players chose not to defend their title.

Julia Wachaczyk and Nina Zander won the title, defeating Emma Laine and Piia Suomalainen in the final, 6–4, 6–4.

Piia Suomalainen
Piia Suomalainen (born 9 July 1984) is a Finnish former tennis player.

In her career, Suomalainen won five singles and five doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. On 10 October 2011, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 356. On 15 January 2007, she peaked at No. 524 in the doubles rankings.

Since her debut for the Finland Fed Cup team in 2002, Suomalainen has a 37–34 record in Fed Cup competition.
James Miller (cricketer)
James Nicholas Miller (born 18 September 1976) is an English cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman who played for Northumberland in List A and Minor Counties cricket. He was born in North Shields.

Miller made a single List A appearance for Northumberland in the C&G Trophy against Staffordshire.

His last Minor Counties appearance for Northumberland was in 2006.

Northumberland County Cricket Club
Northumberland County Cricket Club is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England, and Wales. It represents the historic county of Northumberland.

The team is currently a member of the Minor Counties Championship Eastern Division and plays in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Northumberland played List A matches occasionally from 1971 until 2005, but is not classified as a List A team per se.

The club is based at Osborne Avenue, Jesmond and also plays matches around the county at Benwell Park and at the South Northumberland CC ground at Gosforth.
Aryamba Pattabhi
Aryamba Pattabhi (born 12 March 1936) is an Indian novelist and writer in Kannada language. She is the younger sister of Triveni, a popular Kannada novelist and the niece of B. M. Srikantaiah, a famous Kannada poet, writer and translator.

Her novels have been made into feature films, most prominently, Kappu Bilupu (1969), directed by Puttanna Kanagal and made into three south Indian languages Kannada, Telugu and Tamil, Eradu Mukha (1969) directed by M.R.Vittal and won the Karnataka State Award and best picture award from Madras Film Lovers Association, Savathiya Neralu (1978) directed by Y.R.Swamy and Marali Gudige (1984) directed by Shantharam and won the State Award. Her novel Parampare was selected and published by the Government of Karnataka in 1985.

Puttanna Kanagal
Shubraveshti Ramaswamiah Seetharama Sharma  (1 December 1933 – 5 June 1985), known popularly as S. R. Puttanna Kanagal, was an Indian filmmaker known for his work in Kannada cinema. He is often considered one of Indian cinema's most influential filmmakers.
Ahmednagar City Assembly constituency
Ahmednagar City Assembly constituency is one of the 288 Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly) constituencies of Maharashtra state in Western India. This Assembly constituency is located in Ahmednagar district.

It is part of the Ahmednagar Lok Sabha constituency along with five other Vidhan Sabha segments, namely, Shevgaon, Rahuri, Parner, Shrigonda and Karjat Jamkhed.

State legislative assemblies of India
The State Legislative Assembly, also known as the Vidhan Sabha or the Saasana Sabha, is a legislative body in each of the states and certain union territories of India. Members of the legislative assembly are often directly elected to serve five year terms from single-member constituencies. A legislative assembly may be dissolved in a state of emergency, by the governor on request of the chief minister of the respective state or union territory, or if a motion of no confidence is passed against the ruling majority party or coalition.
Dhuys et Morin-en-Brie
Dhuys et Morin-en-Brie (French pronunciation: [dɥis e mɔʁɛ̃ ɑ̃ bʁi]) is a commune in the Aisne department of northern France. The municipality was established on 1 January 2016 and consists of the former communes of Artonges, La Celle-sous-Montmirail, Fontenelle-en-Brie and Marchais-en-Brie.

Aisne
Aisne (/eɪn/ ayn, US also /ɛn/ en; French: [ɛːn] ⓘ; Picard: Ainne) is a French department in the Hauts-de-France region of northern France. It is named after the river Aisne. In 2020, it had a population of 529,374.
MY Lady of the Lake
The MY Lady of the Lake is a passenger vessel operating for Ullswater 'Steamers' on the lake of Ullswater in the English Lake District, where she has spent her entire working life. She was built in 1877 as a steam vessel, but converted to diesel power in 1936. She is a member of the National Historic Fleet.

The Lady of the Lake has a length of 96.95 feet (29.55 m), a beam of 14.75 feet (4.50 m) and a draught of 2.39 feet (0.73 m). Her gross tonnage is 43, and she can carry 200 passengers.

Ullswater
Ullswater is a glacial lake in Cumbria, England, and part of the Lake District National Park. It is the second largest lake in the region by both area and volume, after Windermere. The lake is about 7 miles (11 km) long, 0.75 miles (1 km) wide, and has a maximum depth of 63 metres (207 ft). Its outflow is River Eamont, which meets the River Eden at Brougham Castle before flowing into the Solway Firth. The lake forms part of the border between the traditional counties of Cumberland and Westmorland, and is today in the ceremonial county of Cumbria and the unitary authority area of Westmorland and Furness.