hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
HMS Belleisle (1795)
Lion was a 74-gun Téméraire-class ship of the line of the French Navy, which later served in the Royal Navy. She was named Lion on 23 April 1790 and built at Rochefort from August 1791 until June 1794. She was renamed Marat on 28 September 1793 (7 months before being launched) and then Formidable on 25 May 1795, with the changing fortunes of the French Revolution.

She took part in the action of 6 November 1794, managing to rake HMS Alexander.

Rochefort, Charente-Maritime
Rochefort (French pronunciation: [ʁɔʃfɔʁ] ⓘ; Occitan: Ròchafòrt), unofficially Rochefort-sur-Mer (French pronunciation: [ʁɔʃfɔʁ syʁ mɛʁ]; Occitan: Ròchafòrt de Mar) for disambiguation, is a city and commune in Southwestern France, a port on the Charente estuary. It is a subprefecture of the Charente-Maritime department, located in the administrative region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2015: Poitou-Charentes).
Israel Chamber Orchestra
Israel Chamber Orchestra (abbreviation ICO, Hebrew: התזמורת הקאמרית הישראלית) (Hatizmoret hakamerit) is an Israeli orchestra based in Tel Aviv. Primary funding comes from the Israel Ministry of Education and the Tel Aviv-Yafo Municipality.

Ministry of Education (Israel)
The Ministry of Education (Hebrew: מִשְׂרָד הַחִנּוּךְ, translit. Misrad HaHinukh; Arabic: وزارة التربية والتعليم) is the branch of the Israeli government charged with overseeing public education institutions in Israel. The department is headed by the Minister of Education, who is a member of the cabinet. The ministry has previously included culture and sport, although this is now covered by the Ministry of Culture and Sport.
Humidesulfovibrio idahonensis
Humidesulfovibrio idahonensis is a bacterium. It contains c-type cytochromes and reduces sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate, elemental sulfur, DMSO, anthraquinone disulfonate and fumarate. The type strain is CY1T (=DSM 15450T =JCM 14124T). Originally described under Desulfovibrio, it was reassigned to Humidesulfovibrio by Waite et al. in 2020.

Fumaric acid
Fumaric acid or trans-butenedioic acid is an organic compound with the formula HO2CCH=CHCO2H. A white solid, fumaric acid occurs widely in nature.  It has a fruit-like taste and has been used as a food additive. Its E number is E297. The salts and esters are known as fumarates.  Fumarate can also refer to the C4H2O2−4 ion (in solution). Fumaric acid is the trans isomer of butenedioic acid, while maleic acid is the cis isomer.
2023 Italian Basketball Supercup
The 2023 Italian Basketball Supercup (Italian: Supercoppa di pallacanestro 2023), also known as Frecciarossa Supercoppa 2023 for sponsorship reasons, is the 29th edition of the super cup tournament, organized by the Lega Basket Serie A (LBA). The title was won by Virtus Segafredo Bologna, which defeated 97–60 Germani Brescia, winning the title three times in a row.

Italian Basketball Supercup
The Italian Basketball Supercup (Italian: Supercoppa Italiana di Pallacanestro), also known as Discovery+ Supercoppa for sponsorship reasons, is a professional basketball super cup competition. From the 2020 Supercup edition, all the teams of LBA took part in the competition. Created in 1995, it is organised by the Lega Basket – who run the LBA and the Italian Cup – in partnership with RCS Sport, and it traditionally opens the season.
Volleyball at the 2010 Asian Games – Women's tournament
The 2010 Women's Asian Games Volleyball Tournament was the 13th edition of the event, organized by the Asian governing body, the AVC. It was held in Guangzhou, China from November 18 to November 27, 2010. All games were staged at the Guangwai Gymnasium but medal matches were held at the Guangzhou Gymnasium.

Asian Volleyball Confederation
The Asian Volleyball Confederation (AVC) is one of five continental governing bodies in volleyball. It governs indoor volleyball, beach volleyball, and other disciplines in Asia and Oceania, excluding the transcontinental countries of Azerbaijan, Georgia, Russia, and Turkey, as well as the West Asian countries of Armenia, Cyprus, and Israel. The AVC consists of 65 national association members.

The AVC consists of the national volleyball federations of Asia and Oceania, and club competitions including the Asian Volleyball Championships, Nations Cup, and Champions League, and also controls the prize money, regulations, as well as media rights to those competitions.

Masaichi Nishikawa acted as the first president. The current president is Ramon Suzara, a Philippine National Volleyball Federation president, who was elected as AVC's ninth president at the 25th AVC General Assembly in Bangkok in August 2024.
Naples Winter Wine Festival
The Naples Winter Wine Festival is a multi-day charity wine festival featuring celebrity chef-hosted dinners and an auction. The event has been held yearly in Naples, Florida since 2001.  Since its inception, the Naples Children & Education Foundation, founders of the Naples Winter Wine Festival, has raised more than $336 million for underprivileged and at-risk children in Collier County.

Wine festival
Annual wine festivals celebrate viticulture and usually occur after the harvest of the grapes which, in the northern hemisphere, generally falls at the end of September and runs until well into October or later. They are common in most wine regions around the world and are to be considered in the tradition of other harvest festivals.

The Egyptian god Osiris was dedicated to wine, but the oldest historically documented wine festivals can be traced back to the Greek celebrations for their wine god Dionysos. The typical ingredients of a wine festival include wine drinking, grape pressing, regional foods, music and, in many areas, religious ritual.
Kodungallur Kunjikkuttan Thampuran
Kodungallur Kunjikkuttan Thampuran (1864 - 1914) was a Malayalam poet and prominent Sanskrit scholar of Kerala.  His birth-name was Rama Varma. He is famous for his single-handed, word-by-word translation of entire Mahabharata within 874 days for which he gained the epithet Kerala Vyasa (lit. 'the Vyāsa of Kerala').

Vyasa
Vyasa (/ˈvjɑːsə/; Sanskrit: व्यास, lit. 'compiler, arranger', IAST: Vyāsa) is a rishi (sage) with a prominent role in most Hindu traditions. He is also known as Veda Vyasa (Sanskrit: वेदव्यास, lit. 'the one who classified the Vedas', IAST: Vedavyāsa) or Krishna Dvaipayana (Sanskrit: कृष्णद्वैपायन, IAST: Kṛṣṇadvaipāyana). Traditionally regarded as the author of the epic Mahābhārata, Vyasa also plays a prominent role as a character. He is also regarded by the Hindu traditions to be the compiler of the mantras of the Vedas into four texts, as well as the author of the eighteen Purāṇas and the Brahma Sutras.

Vyasa is regarded by many Hindus as a partial incarnation (Sanskrit: अंशावतार, IAST: Aṃśāvatāra) of Vishnu. He is one of the immortals called the Chiranjivis, held by adherents to still be alive in the current age known as the Kali Yuga.
1990s United Kingdom local government reform
The structure of local government in the United Kingdom underwent large changes in the 1990s. The system of two-tier local government introduced in the 1970s by the Local Government Act 1972 and the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 was abolished in Scotland and Wales on 1 April 1996 and replaced with single-tier authorities. In England, some areas remained two-tier but many single-tier authorities (designated as Unitary Authorities in England) were created. No changes were made to local government in Northern Ireland.

Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973
The Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 (c. 65) is an act of Parliament of the United Kingdom that altered local government in Scotland on 16 May 1975.

The act followed and largely implemented the report of the Royal Commission on Local Government in Scotland in 1969 (the Wheatley Report), and it made the most far-reaching changes to Scottish local government in centuries. It swept away the counties, burghs and districts established by the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1947, which were largely based on units of local government dating from the Middle Ages, and replaced them with a uniform two-tier system of regional and district councils (except in the islands, which were given unitary, all-purpose councils).

In England and Wales, the Local Government Act 1972 established a similar system of two-tier administrative county and district councils.
Gabrial McNair
Gabrial McNair (born September 8, 1973) is a musician and composer, most famous for his work in No Doubt since 1993 as a trombonist, keyboardist, and backing vocalist. He recorded and toured with Green Day during the Nimrod and Warning tours, playing trombone and tenor saxophone. In 2003, he was one of the co-founders of the California-based rock band Oslo where he plays the guitar.

In October 2025, No Doubt announced it would reunite in 2026 for a six show residency in Las Vegas.

Steel Pulse
Steel Pulse are a British roots reggae band from the Handsworth area of Birmingham, England. They originally formed at Handsworth Wood Boys School, and were composed of David Hinds (lead vocals, guitar), Basil Gabbidon (lead guitar, vocals), and Ronald McQueen (bass); along with Basil's brother Colin briefly on drums and Mykaell Riley (vocals, percussion). Steel Pulse were the first non-Jamaican act to win the Grammy Award for Best Reggae Album. Collectively the band has won one Grammy award with nine nominations.
Say Blow by Blow Backwards
Say Blow by Blow Backwards is the second and last album by Fred Wesley and the Horny Horns, featuring Maceo Parker. The album was released in August 1979 by Atlantic Records and was produced by George Clinton, Bootsy Collins, and Fred Wesley.

The album was reissued in 1993, first by P-Vine records in Japan, then by Sequel Records in the UK, and lastly by AEM in the U.S. The CD reissue contains remixes of "Half a Man" and "Say Blow by Blow Backwards", as well as an interview with Bootsy Collins.

Garry Shider
Garry Marshall Shider (July 24, 1953 – June 16, 2010) was an American musician and guitarist. He was musical director of the P-Funk All-Stars for much of their history. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1997, with fifteen other members of Parliament-Funkadelic.
Lake Bowen
Lake Bowen or Lake William C. Bowen is a 1,534-acre (621 ha) reservoir in northern Spartanburg County, South Carolina, 6 miles (10 km) from the North Carolina border.  The Interstate 26 bridge crosses over Lake Bowen between exits 5 and 10 on Interstate 26.  The lake stretches parallel to South Carolina Highway 11. It is the largest lake in Spartanburg County with 33 miles (53 km) of shoreline.  The lake is formed by the waters of the South Pacolet River to serve as a public drinking water supply.  Rules and regulations were adopted for recreational activities like boating and fishing.  There are picnic pavilions, boat ramps, and a playground near the lake.  Fish from the lake is safe to eat.

South Carolina Highway 11
South Carolina Highway 11 (SC 11), also known as the Cherokee Foothills Scenic Highway, is a 119.850-mile (192.880 km) state highway through the far northern part of the U.S. state of South Carolina, following the southernmost peaks of the Blue Ridge Mountains. The route is surrounded by peach orchards, quaint villages, and parks. It is an alternative to Interstate 85 (I-85) and has been featured by such publications as National Geographic, Rand McNally, and Southern Living.
Benkara
Benkara is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It is found in tropical and subtropical Asia from India east to China and the Ryukyu Islands, south to Java and the Philippines. It was described by Michel Adanson in 1763.

Rubiaceae
Rubiaceae (/ruːbiˈeɪsiːˌiː, -siˌaɪ/) is a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules and sympetalous actinomorphic flowers. The family contains about 14,200 species in about 615 genera, which makes it the fourth-largest angiosperm family by number of species. Rubiaceae has a cosmopolitan distribution; however, the largest species diversity is concentrated in the tropics and subtropics. Economically important genera include  Coffea, the source of coffee; Cinchona, the source of the antimalarial alkaloid quinine; ornamental cultivars (e.g., Gardenia, Ixora, Pentas); and historically some dye plants (e.g., Rubia).
Richard Eyre (footballer)
Richard Paul Eyre (born 15 September 1976) is an English former footballer who played 62 league games in the Football League for Port Vale and Macclesfield Town between 1995 and 2001. The midfielder then went on to play non-League football for Kidsgrove Athletic, Hyde United, Leek Town, and Congleton Town. He helped Kidsgrove to top the North West Counties Football League in 2001–02.

2001–02 North West Counties Football League
The 2001–02 North West Counties Football League season was the 20th in the history of the North West Counties Football League, a football competition in England. Teams were divided into two divisions: Division One and Division Two.
Ishida Castle
Ishida Castle (石田城, Ishida-jō) is the remains of a castle structure in Gotō, Nagasaki prefecture. Also well known as  "Fukue castle ". Construction started in 1849 and were completed in 1863.

The former Goto clan's residence and garden is in the ninomaru compound and its designated as a “National designation place of scenic beauty”. Goto Tourism and Historical Materials Museum is on site.

The castle was listed as one of the Continued 100 Fine Castles of Japan in 2017.

Continued 100 Fine Castles of Japan
The Continued 100 Fine Castles of Japan or Continued Top 100 Japanese Castles (日本続百名城, Nihon Zoku Hyaku-Meijō) is a list of 100 castles, intended as a sequel of 100 Fine Castles of Japan.  The castles were chosen for their significance in culture, history, and in their regions by the Japanese Castle Foundation (日本城郭協会, Nihon Jōkaku Kyōkai) in 2017.
X-ray image intensifier
An X-ray image intensifier (XRII) is an image intensifier that converts X-rays into visible light at higher intensity than the more traditional fluorescent screens can. Such intensifiers are used in X-ray imaging systems (such as fluoroscopes) to allow low-intensity X-rays to be converted to a conveniently bright visible light output. The device contains a low absorbency/scatter input window, typically aluminum, input fluorescent screen, photocathode, electron optics, output fluorescent screen and output window. These parts are all mounted in a high vacuum environment within glass or, more recently, metal/ceramic. By its intensifying effect, It allows the viewer to more easily see the structure of the object being imaged than fluorescent screens alone, whose images are dim. The XRII requires lower absorbed doses due to more efficient conversion of X-ray quanta to visible light. This device was originally introduced in 1948.

Absorbed dose
Absorbed dose  is a dose quantity which represents the specific energy (energy per unit mass) deposited by ionizing radiation in living matter. Absorbed dose is used in the calculation of dose uptake in living tissue in both radiation protection (reduction of harmful effects), and radiation oncology (potential beneficial effects, for example in cancer treatment). It is also used to directly compare the effect of radiation on inanimate matter such as in radiation hardening.

The SI unit of measure is the gray (Gy), which is defined as one joule of energy absorbed per kilogram of matter. The older, non-SI CGS unit rad,  is sometimes also used, predominantly in the USA.
Bank of Holland
42°38′28″N 78°32′29″W﻿ / ﻿42.64104°N 78.54136°W﻿ / 42.64104; -78.54136

The Bank of Holland is a Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation-insured banking corporation that was founded and is headquartered in the town of Holland, New York.  It offers a wide range of banking services including savings and checking accounts, mortgages and business and personal loans.  The bank has three branches- one in Holland, one in East Aurora, New York, and new one in Elma, New York a former Bank of America branch and automated teller machines throughout Western New York state.

East Aurora, New York
East Aurora is a village in Erie County, New York, United States, southeast of Buffalo. It lies in the eastern half of the town of Aurora. The village population was 5,998 per the 2020 census. It is part of the Buffalo-Niagara Falls metropolitan area. In 2015, East Aurora was rated the third-best town to raise a family in New York State by Niche. According to the National Council of Home Safety and Security, it is also among the safest places to live in New York State  (ranked 1st, 2018). The village is included on the List of Tree Cities USA.
Big-line-big-clique conjecture
The big-line-big-clique conjecture is an unsolved problem in discrete geometry, stating that finite sets of many points in the Euclidean plane either have many collinear points, or they have many points that are all mutually visible to each other (no third point blocks any two of them from seeing each other).

Euclidean plane
In mathematics, a Euclidean plane is a Euclidean space of dimension two, denoted  or . It is a geometric space in which two real numbers are required to determine the position of each point. It is an affine space, which includes in particular the concept of parallel lines. It has also metrical properties induced by a distance, which allows to define circles, and angle measurement.

A Euclidean plane with a chosen Cartesian coordinate system is called a Cartesian plane.
The set  of the ordered pairs of real numbers (the real coordinate plane), equipped with the dot product, is often called the Euclidean plane or standard Euclidean plane, since every Euclidean plane is isomorphic to it.
Carol R. Bradford
Carol R. Bradford is an American otolaryngologist. She was the 15th dean of the Ohio State University College of Medicine and vice president for Health Sciences at the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center. She currently serves as the interim dean of the University of Minnesota Medical School and executive vice president for Health Affairs.

University of Minnesota Medical School
The University of Minnesota Medical School is a medical school at the University of Minnesota. It is a combination of three campuses located in Minneapolis, Duluth, and St. Cloud, Minnesota.

The medical school has more than 17,000 alumni as of 2022. As of 2017, 70% of the state's physicians had taken classes there.
1991 Riklis Classic – Doubles
Nduka Odizor and Christo van Rensburg were the defending champions, but did not participate together this year.  Odizor partnered Bryan Shelton, losing in the semifinals.  van Rensburg partnered John-Laffnie de Jager, losing in the first round.

David Rikl and Michiel Schapers won the title, defeating Javier Frana and Leonardo Lavalle 6–2, 6–7, 6–3 in the final.

Nduka Odizor
Nduka Emmanuel Odizor Listenⓘ (born 28 August 1958) is a former tennis player from Nigeria, who represented his native country at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul. He won one career title in singles (Taipei, 1983) and seven doubles titles. He reached his highest ATP singles ranking of world No. 52 in June 1984 and reached No. 20 in doubles in August 1984. Between 1986 and 1993 he played in 11 ties for the Nigerian Davis Cup team and compiled a 20–13 win-loss record.
2016–17 Western Michigan Broncos women's basketball team
The 2016–17 Western Michigan Broncos women's basketball team represented Western Michigan University during the 2016–17 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Broncos were led by fifth year head coach Shane Clipfell. They played their home games at University Arena as members of the West Division of the Mid-American Conference.

In the MAC tournament, the Broncos beat Miami in the first round and Central Michigan in the second round before losing to Northern Illinois in the semifinals.

2017 MAC women's basketball tournament
The 2017 Mid-American Conference women's basketball tournament was a post-season basketball tournament for the Mid-American Conference (MAC) 2016–17 college basketball season. Tournament first round games were held on campus sites at the higher seed on March 6. The remaining rounds were held at Quicken Loans Arena in Cleveland between March 8–11. Toledo won their 8th MAC Women's Tournament and received the conference's automatic bid into the 2017 NCAA tournament. Mikaela Boyd of Toledo was the MVP.
Baarlo, Steenwijkerland
Baarlo is a hamlet in the Dutch province of Overijssel. It is located in the municipality Steenwijkerland, about 1 km northwest of the city of Blokzijl.

It was first mentioned in 1219 as Barlo, and means "barren forest". During the Middle Ages, it used to have a chapel, which was damaged in a 1825 flood, and demolished in 1836. Until the Noordoostpolder was reclaimed, the village lay on the dyke of the IJsselmeer. In 1840, it was home to 145 people.

Baarlo should not be confused with a village with the same name in the municipality of Zwartewaterland, about 15 km to the southeast.

Overijssel
Overijssel (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌoːvərˈɛisəl] ⓘ; Dutch Low Saxon: Oaveriessel [ˌɒːvərˈiːsl̩]; German: Oberyssel; lit. 'Outer IJssel') is a province of the Netherlands located in the eastern part of the country. The province borders Drenthe to the north, Friesland to the north-west, Flevoland (and a small part of the IJsselmeer) to the west, Gelderland to the south and west, and Germany's states of Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia to the east. Overijssel had a population of about 1,184,000 as of January 2023.

The province's name comes from the perspective of the Episcopal principality of Utrecht, which held the territory until 1528. The capital city of Overijssel is Zwolle (pop. 132,441) and the largest city is Enschede (pop. 161,235). The land mostly consists of grasslands and some forests (including Sallandse Heuvelrug National Park).
David Mkhwanazi
David Sunnyboy Mkhwanazi, (also known as DS Mkhwanazi; born 16 June 1951), is a South African politician who served both in the  KaNgwane government and post-Apartheid government. He served in Mathews Phosa's first Mpumalanga government, appointed the MEC for the Department of Environmental Affairs. He was a member of the KaNgwane Legislative Assembly from 1983 to 1994, member of the Mpumalanga Provincial Legislature from 1994 to 2009 and was subsequently appointed to the Public Service Commission of South Africa.

Department of Environmental Affairs (South Africa)
The Department of Environmental Affairs was a department of the South African government with responsibility for the environment. It was created in 2009 when the Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism was split into two departments, and was replaced in 2019 by the Department of Environment, Forestry and Fisheries which also incorporated the forestry and fisheries components from the former Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries.
Hanga Roa
Hanga Roa (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈ(x)aŋɡa ˈroa]; Rapa Nui: Haŋa Roa [ˈhaŋa ˈɾoa] ⓘ, long bay or wide bay) is the main town, harbour, and seat of Easter Island, a municipality of Chile. It is located in the southern part of the island's west coast, in the lowlands between the extinct volcanoes of Terevaka and Rano Kau.

Chilean Navy
The Chilean Navy (Spanish: Armada de Chile) is the naval warfare service branch of the Chilean Armed Forces. It is under the Ministry of National Defense. Its headquarters are at Edificio Armada de Chile, Valparaiso.