hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tõnu Aav
Tõnu Aav (21 January 1939 – 14 August 2019) was an Estonian stage, film, TV, and radio actor.

Aav was born in Tallinn and graduated from the Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre in 1961. From 1961 he performed at the Estonian Drama Theatre in Tallinn. He played in dozens of films and twenty screenplays and also recorded a number of radio play and audio CDs (including Uncle Remus stories and Alice in Wonderland) as well as a recurring role as Feliks Viss on the ETV dramatic series Õnne 13.

From 1965 until 1974, Aav was married to the actress Irja Aav (née Pilvet). The couple had two sons: the music producer and conductor Lauri Aav and the prop maker Ardi Aav.

Estonians
Estonians or Estonian people (Estonian: eestlased) are a Finnic ethnic group native to the Baltic Sea region in Northern Europe, primarily their nation state of Estonia.

Estonians primarily speak the Estonian language, a language closely related to other Finnic languages, e.g. Finnish, Karelian and Livonian. Estonians can also be classified into subgroups according to dialects (e.g. Võros, Setos), although such divisions have become less pronounced due to internal migration and rapid urbanisation in Estonia in the 20th century.

There are approximately 1.1 million ethnic Estonians worldwide, with the majority of them residing in their native Estonia. Estonian diaspora communities formed primarily in Finland, the United States, Sweden, Canada, and the United Kingdom.
August 2025 Israeli attack on Sanaa
On 28 August 2025, the Israeli Air Force (IAF) conducted targeted strikes, codenamed Operation Lucky Drop (Hebrew: מבצע טיפת מזל) against several Houthi ministers in Bayt Baws, Sanaa, Yemen. The group's prime minister Ahmed al-Rahawi, defense minister Mohamed al-Atifi, and chief of staff Muhammad Abd al-Karim al-Ghamari, who had gathered to listen to a televised speech by Houthi leader Abdul-Malik al-Houthi, were among the targets. The deaths of al-Rahawi and several other ministers were later confirmed by the group, and al-Ghamari's death was confirmed in October.

Israeli Public Broadcasting Corporation
The Israeli Public Broadcasting Corporation is the national public broadcaster of Israel. It carries the blanket branding Kan in Hebrew (כאן, 'Here') and Makan in Arabic (مكان, 'A place'). Its news division, Kan News, is the third biggest brand in Israeli newscasting, after HaHadashot 12 and Channel 13 News.

After multiple delays due to disagreements over its structure raised by Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, the IPBC officially began its radio and television operations on 15 May 2017, succeeding the Israel Broadcasting Authority (IBA) as state broadcaster. Its formal goals include promoting expanding knowledge, Israeli culture, and innovation in broadcasting.
Andrew R. Liddle
Andrew R. Liddle FRSE (born 9 June 1965) is a professor of astrophysics at the University of Lisbon. From 2018 to 2020 he was a visiting fellow at the University of Waterloo. From 2013 to 2017 he was professor of astrophysics at the Royal Observatory Edinburgh. Publications include books and over 260 papers. He is a theoretical cosmologist and is interested in understanding the properties of the Universe and how these relate to fundamental physical laws.

University of Lisbon
The University of Lisbon (ULisboa; Portuguese: Universidade de Lisboa) is a public research university in Lisbon, and Portugal's largest university. It was founded in 1911, but the university's present structure dates to the 2013 merger of the former University of Lisbon (1911–2013) and the Technical University of Lisbon (1930–2013).
Durotaxis
In cellular biology, durotaxis is a form of cell migration in which cells are guided by rigidity gradients, which arise from differential structural properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Most normal cells migrate up rigidity gradients (in the direction of greater stiffness).

Elastin
Elastin is a protein encoded by the ELN gene in humans and several other animals. Elastin is a key component in the extracellular matrix of gnathostomes (jawed vertebrates). It is highly elastic and present in connective tissue of the body to resume its shape after stretching or contracting. Elastin helps skin return to its original position whence poked or pinched. Elastin is also in important load-bearing tissue of vertebrates and used in places where storage of mechanical energy is required.
Gibbosporina
Gibbosporina is a genus of 13 species of foliose lichens in the family Pannariaceae. It contains species that molecular phylogenetic analysis clustered together in a clade previously referred to as the "Physma"-group. Despite their morphological differences, this group shares several uniting characteristics. They have ring-like excipular margins around the thallus; strongly amyloid internal ascus structures; well-developed perispores (a colorless, often gelatinous layer that envelops a spore) that feature irregular gibbae (irregular bumps), but not verrucae (small, rounded wart-like protuberances); lacks secondary compounds than can be detected by thin-layer chromatography; and have tropical distributions.

Amyloid (mycology)
In mycology a tissue or feature is said to be amyloid if it has a positive amyloid reaction when subjected to a crude chemical test using iodine as an ingredient of either Melzer's reagent or Lugol's solution, producing a blue to blue-black staining. The term "amyloid" is derived from the Latin amyloideus ("starch-like"). It refers to the fact that starch gives a similar reaction, also called an amyloid reaction. The test can be on microscopic features, such as spore walls or hyphal walls, or the apical apparatus or entire ascus wall of an ascus, or be a macroscopic reaction on tissue where a drop of the reagent is applied. Negative reactions, called inamyloid or nonamyloid, are for structures that remain pale yellow-brown or clear. A reaction producing a deep reddish to reddish-brown staining is either termed a dextrinoid reaction (pseudoamyloid is a synonym) or a hemiamyloid reaction.
Fernando Guzmán Pérez
Fernando Antonio Guzmán Pérez Peláez (born 25 January 1956) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the National Action Party. As of 2014 he served as Deputy of the LIX Legislature of the Mexican Congress as a plurinominal representative.

LIX Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LIX Legislature (59th session) of the Congress of Mexico met from September 2003 to August 2006. All members of the lower house (Chamber of Deputies) were elected in the elections of July 2003 while members of the upper house (Senate) were elected in the elections of July 2000.
Portet-Saint-Simon station
Portet-Saint-Simon is a railway station in Portet-sur-Garonne, Occitanie, France. The station is on the Toulouse-Bayonne railway and Portet-Saint-Simon–Puigcerdà railway. The station is served by TER (local) services operated by the SNCF.

Occitania (administrative region)
Occitania (French: Occitanie [ɔksitani] ⓘ; Occitan: Occitània [utsiˈtanjɔ]; Catalan: Occitània [uksiˈtaniə]) is the southernmost administrative region of metropolitan France excluding Corsica, located in the south of the country, created on 1 January 2016 from the former regions of Languedoc-Roussillon and Midi-Pyrénées. The Council of State approved Occitania as the new name of the region on 28 September 2016, coming into effect on 30 September 2016.

The modern administrative region is named after the larger cultural and historical region of Occitania, which corresponds with the southern third of France. The region of Occitania as it is today covers a territory similar to that ruled by the Counts of Toulouse in the 12th and 13th centuries. The banner of arms of the Counts of Toulouse, known colloquially as the Occitan cross, is used by the modern region and is also a popular cultural symbol. In 2022, Occitania had a population of 6,080,731.
81st United States Congress
The 81st United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from January 3, 1949, to January 3, 1951, during the fifth and sixth years of Harry S. Truman's presidency.

The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the 1940 United States census.

The Democrats won back the majority in both chambers, and with the election of President Harry S. Truman to his own full term in office, this gave the Democrats an overall federal government trifecta.

United States Statutes at Large
The United States Statutes at Large, commonly referred to as the Statutes at Large and abbreviated Stat., are an official record of Acts of Congress and concurrent resolutions passed by the United States Congress.

Each act and resolution of Congress is originally published as a slip law, which is classified as either public law (abbreviated Pub.L.) or private law (Pvt.L.), and designated and numbered accordingly. At the end of a congressional session, the statutes enacted during that session are compiled into bound books, known as "session law" publications. The United States Statutes at Large is the name of the session law publication for U.S. Federal statutes. The public laws and private laws are numbered and organized in chronological order.

U.S. Federal statutes are published in a three-part process, consisting of slip laws, session laws (Statutes at Large), and codification (United States Code).
Johor State Legislative Assembly
The Johor State Legislative Assembly (Malay: Dewan Negeri Johor) is the unicameral legislature of the Malaysian state of Johor. It is composed of 56 members who are elected from single-member constituencies throughout the state. Elections are held no more than five years apart. Prior to the 2022 state election, elections are always held concurrently with the federal parliament and other state assemblies elections (except Sarawak).

The State Assembly convenes at Sultan Ismail Building in Kota Iskandar, Iskandar Puteri, Johor Bahru.

Johor Bahru District
The Johor Bahru District is a district located in the southern part of Johor, Malaysia. It covers an area of 1,063.97km2 and has a population of 1.8 million, making it the second largest district in Malaysia by population. The district capital is Johor Bahru and the administrative capital is Iskandar Puteri. The district borders Pontian District on the west, Kota Tinggi District on the east, Kulai District on the north and Singapore to the south. The urban centres are divided into the cities of Johor Bahru, Iskandar Puteri and Pasir Gudang. Johor Bahru District is currently the second-largest gross domestic product (GDP) contributor among all districts in Malaysia.

It is host to many thriving townships such as the Tebrau area, which hosts several shopping malls including ÆON Malls, Mid Valley Southkey, Paradigm Mall Johor Bahru, Toppen Shopping Centre and an IKEA outlet.

The district office is located in Johor Bahru.
Last Scene (EP)
Last Scene is the third EP by South Korean singer and songwriter Chen. It was released in digital and physical format by SM Entertainment and distributed by Dreamus on November 14, 2022. The EP features six tracks in total, including the lead single of the same name.

Dreamus
Dreamus is an electronics and entertainment company founded in 1999 originally as ReignCom. Currently headquartered in South Korea (and formerly in the United States), it is the parent company of South Korean-based iRiver, Astell & Kern and FLO, as well as Yurion and Funcake Entertainment Services. Since 2014, it has been a subsidiary of SK Telecom when it was formerly known as iRiver.
Arrondissements of the Dordogne department
The 4 arrondissements of the Dordogne department are:

Arrondissement of Bergerac, (subprefecture: Bergerac) with 130 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 102,530 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Nontron, (subprefecture: Nontron) with 94 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 54,127 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Périgueux, (prefecture of the Dordogne department: Périgueux) with 143 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 175,870 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Sarlat-la-Canéda, (subprefecture: Sarlat-la-Canéda) with 136 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 81,203 in 2021.

Bergerac, Dordogne
Bergerac (French pronunciation: [bɛʁʒəʁak] ⓘ; Occitan: Brageirac [braˈzɛjra]) is a subprefecture of the Dordogne department, in the region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Southwestern France. With a population of 27,110 (2023), it is the department's second-most populated commune after the prefecture Périgueux. Located on the banks of the river Dordogne, Bergerac was designated a Town of Art and History by the Ministry of Culture in 2013.
Veska (shopping mall)
Veska is a shopping mall in the Partola district of Pirkkala, Finland. Its original part was completed in 2003 and the expansion part in early 2017. After the construction of the expansion part the mall was renovated, which was completed in November 2018. Veska has two floors and over 30 stores. A hotel named Veska Hotelli has also been planned in connection to the mall, whose construction would begin in 2020 at the earliest.

Pirkkala
Pirkkala (Finnish: [ˈpirkːɑlɑ]; Swedish: Birkala) is a municipality in Finland, located in the Pirkanmaa region. It lies to the southwest of the regional capital, Tampere. The population of Pirkkala is approximately 21,000, while the metropolitan area has a population of approximately 424,000. It is the 48th most populous municipality in Finland.

Pirkkala has an area of 104.04 square kilometres (40.17 sq mi) of which 22.66 km2 (8.75 sq mi) is water. The population density is 259.08 inhabitants per square kilometre (671.0/sq mi), which makes it the most densely populated municipality in Finland that does not use the title of town or city. Pirkkala is also currently the fastest-growing municipality in the Pirkanmaa region. The municipality is unilingually Finnish.

Tampere-Pirkkala Airport is located in southwest Pirkkala. The most significant main road in Pirkkala is Tampere Ring Road.
Dunera, Punjab
Dunera is a village in Dhar Kalan in Pathankot district of Punjab State, India. It is located 17 kilometres (11 mi) from sub district headquarter, 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) from Pathankot, 85 kilometres (53 mi) from district headquarter and 276 kilometres (171 mi) from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by Sarpanch an elected representative of the village.

Pathankot
Pathankot (Punjabi pronunciation: [pə.ʈʰäːn.koːʈᵊ]) is a city and the district headquarters of the Pathankot district in Punjab, India. Pathankot is the sixth most populous city of Punjab, after Ludhiana, Amritsar, Jalandhar, Patiala and Bathinda. Its local government is a municipal corporation. Pathankot is located in northern part of panjab.
Chromosome (evolutionary algorithm)
A chromosome or genotype in evolutionary algorithms (EA) is a set of parameters which define a proposed solution of the problem that the evolutionary algorithm is trying to solve. The set of all solutions, also called individuals according to the biological model, is known as the population. The genome of an individual consists of one, more rarely of several, chromosomes and corresponds to the genetic representation of the task to be solved. A chromosome is composed of a set of genes, where a gene consists of one or more semantically connected parameters, which are often also called decision variables. They determine one or more phenotypic characteristics of the individual or at least have an influence on them.  In the basic form of genetic algorithms, the chromosome is represented as a binary string, while in later variants and in EAs in general, a wide variety of other data structures are used.

Evolution strategy
Evolution strategy (ES) from computer science is a subclass of evolutionary algorithms, which serves as an optimization technique. It uses the major genetic operators mutation, recombination and selection of parents.
Thomas Fowle
Thomas Fowle (c. 1530 – after 1597) was a Church of England clergyman, Fellow of St John's College, Cambridge, rector of Redgrave and Hinderclay, Suffolk, and prebendary of Norwich Cathedral.

He was briefly tutor to Edward de Vere, the future Earl of Oxford, and was later chaplain to Sir Nicholas Bacon.

Earl of Oxford
Earl of Oxford is a dormant title in the Peerage of England, first created for Aubrey de Vere by the Empress Matilda in 1141. His family was to hold the title for more than five and a half centuries, until the death of the 20th Earl in 1703. The de Veres were also hereditary holders of the office of Lord Great Chamberlain of England from 1133 until the death of the 18th Earl in 1625. Their primary seat was Hedingham Castle in Essex, but they held lands in southern England and the Midlands, particularly in eastern England. The actual earldom was called "Oxenford" until at least the end of the 17th century. Medieval sources thus refer to "my lord of Oxenford" when speaking of the earl.
Đàm Vĩnh Hưng
Huỳnh Minh Hưng (born 2 October 1971), better known by his stage name Đàm Vĩnh Hưng and Mr. Dam, is a Vietnamese singer. He won 2 Dedication awards and multiple awards in Vietnam. Besides V-pop, he also performed many pre-war songs, Trinh Cong Son's songs and yellow music. He is one of the most highly paid singers in Vietnam and some of his alleged statements have appeared in tabloids.

Trịnh Công Sơn
Trịnh Công Sơn (February 28, 1939 – April 1, 2001) was a Vietnamese musician, songwriter, painter and poet. He is widely considered to be Vietnam's best songwriter. His music explores themes of love, loss, and anti-war sentiments during the Vietnam War, for which he was censored by both the southern Republic of Vietnam and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Many performing artists, most notably Khánh Ly, Hồng Nhung, Trinh Vinh Trinh (his younger sister), and some overseas singers such as Tuan Ngoc, Le Quyen, Le Thu, and Ngoc Lan, have gained popularity in their own right from covering Sơn's songs.
Tryavna Municipality
Tryavna Municipality (Bulgarian: Община Трявна) is a municipality (obshtina) in Gabrovo Province, North-central Bulgaria, located on the northern slopes of the central Stara planina mountain to the area of the so-called Fore-Balkan. It is named after its administrative centre - the town of Tryavna.

The municipality embraces a territory of 255 km2 (98 sq mi) with a population of 12,461 inhabitants, as of December 2009.

The area is best known with the Bulgarian National Revival architectural complex in the main town.

Opština
Opština, općina, občina, obshtina or obshchina (Cyrillic: општина, опћина or община), is a local government unit in Slavic-speaking countries, most commonly translated as municipality in English. It is used by the following countries:
Bangladesh Police FC Women
Bangladesh Police FC Women (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ পুলিশ এফসি নারী), is a Bangladeshi women's football club from Dhaka. They participate in the Bangladesh Women's Football League, the premier women's football league in Bangladesh.

Bangladesh Women's Football League
The Bangladesh Women's Football League (WFL), officially known as the UCB Women's Football League for sponsorship reasons and formerly as WFL, is a professional association football league and the highest level of women's club football competition in Bangladesh. Established in 2011, the league is run by the Bangladesh Football Federation.
Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development (Colombia)
The Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development (Spanish: Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible) is the national executive ministry of the Government of Colombia in charge of formulating, implementing, and orienting environmental policy to ensure the sustainable development of the country.

Environmental policy
Environmental policy is the pledge by governments or organizations to adopt laws, regulations, and other policy tools aimed at addressing environmental issues. These typically involve air and water pollution, waste management, ecosystem protection, biodiversity conservation, management of natural resources, and safeguarding wildlife and endangered species
For example, concerning environmental policy, the implementation of an eco-energy-oriented policy at a global level to address the issue of climate change could be addressed.

Policies concerning energy or regulation of toxic substances including pesticides and many types of industrial waste are part of the topic of environmental policy. This policy can be deliberately taken to influence human activities and thereby prevent undesirable effects on the biophysical environment and natural resources, as well as to make sure that changes in the environment do not have unacceptable effects on humans.
Barranca Yaco
Barranca de Yaco or Barranca Yaco (from the Spanish barranca (gully) and the Quechua yaku (water)) is a geographical feature along the ancient camino real (royal road) of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata, located between Villa Tulumba and Sinsacate, in the province of Córdoba, Argentina.

The place is famous because General Juan Facundo Quiroga, Governor and caudillo of La Rioja, was assassinated there by a party led by Santos Pérez, on 16 February 1835, during the Argentine Civil Wars. Santos Pérez along with the former Governor of Córdoba José Vicente Reynafé and two of his brothers were judged and hanged for this crime at Buenos Aires in 1837. Since 2009 there is a memorial square that remembers Quiroga and those killed with him.

Córdoba Province, Argentina
Córdoba (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkoɾðoβa]) is a province of Argentina, located in the center of the country. Its neighboring provinces are (clockwise from the north) Santiago del Estero, Santa Fe, Buenos Aires, La Pampa, San Luis, La Rioja, and Catamarca. Together with Santa Fe and Entre Ríos, the province is part of the economic and political association known as the Center Region.

Córdoba is the second-most populous Argentine province, with 3,978,984 inhabitants, and the fifth by size, at about 165,321 km2 (63,831 sq mi). Almost 41% of its inhabitants reside in the capital city, Córdoba, and its surroundings, making it the second most populous metro area in Argentina.
Julie (album)
Julie is an LP album by Julie London, released by Liberty Records under catalog numbers LRP-3096 (monaural) in 1957 and LST-7004 (stereophonic) in 1958.

The cover by art director Charles Ward was nominated at the 1st Annual Grammy Awards for Best Album Cover but lost to Frank Sinatra Sings for Only the Lonely.

1st Annual Grammy Awards
The 1st Annual Grammy Awards, which began as The Gramophone Awards, were held on May 4, 1959. They recognized musical accomplishments by performers for the year 1958. Two separate ceremonies were held simultaneously on the same day: one in the Beverly Hilton Hotel in Beverly Hills, California, and the other in the Park Sheraton Hotel in New York City. Ella Fitzgerald, Count Basie, Domenico Modugno, Ross Bagdasarian, and Henry Mancini, each won 2 awards.