hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
David Scannell (fireboat)
The David Scannell was a steam-powered fireboat built for and operated by the San Francisco Fire Department.
The city had no fireboats at the time of the disastrous 1906 San Francisco earthquake, so United States Navy fireboats had to travel there to help fight the extensive fires in the aftermath of the earthquake.

San Francisco built a second ship to the same design, the Dennis T. Sullivan, which was launched later in 1909.  Both vessels were retired in 1954.

The vessel is named after David S. Scannell, San Francisco's first Fire Chief when, in 1871, it transitioned from volunteers to  paid staff.

1906 San Francisco earthquake
The 1906 San Francisco earthquake was a major earthquake which struck the coast of Northern California at 05:12 am Pacific Standard Time on Wednesday, April 18, 1906. With an estimated moment magnitude of 7.9 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme), it created high-intensity shaking from Eureka on the North Coast to the Salinas Valley, an agricultural region to the south of the San Francisco Bay Area.

Extensive fires soon broke out in San Francisco and lasted for several days. More than 3,000 people died and over 80% of the city was destroyed. The event is remembered as the deadliest earthquake in the history of the United States. The death toll remains the greatest loss of life from a natural disaster in California's history and high on the list of worst American disasters, natural or man-made.
Luca Fumagalli
Luca Fumagalli (May 29, 1837, Inzago – June 5, 1908, Milan) was an Italian composer, pianist, and music educator.

Fumagalli was born in what was then part of the Austrian Empire. He studied at the Milan Conservatory before traveling to Paris in 1860.  He taught piano at the Philadelphia Conservatory and, later, in Milan.  His opera Luigi XI was premiered at the Teatro della Pergola in Florence in 1875; he also composed a symphony titled Sinfonia Marinaresca and a number of virtuosic piano works.

Fumagalli's brothers Carlo, Disma, Adolfo, and Polibio were all composers as well.

University of the Arts (Philadelphia)
The University of the Arts (UArts) was a private arts university in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Its campus made up part of the Avenue of the Arts cultural district in Center City, Philadelphia. On May 31, 2024, university administrators suddenly announced that the university would close on June 7, 2024, although its precarious financial situation had been known for some time. It was accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

The university included six schools: the School of Art, School of Dance, School of Design, School of Film, School of Music (accredited by the National Association of Schools of Music), and the Ira Brind School of Theater Arts, along with graduate and professional programs. A Saturday School of art classes for children opened in 1900.
Saur (restaurant)
Saur was a restaurant in The Hague, in the Netherlands. It was a fine dining restaurant that was awarded one Michelin star in both 1958 and 1959. It was again awarded a Michelin star in 1967 and retained that rating until 1989.
The restaurant finally closed down in November 2013.

In the period 1982–1984, head chef was Ad van Wel.

Restaurant Saur was convicted of breaching the price regulations in 1942. During the wintertime it had charged ƒ 2,50 for a plate of pea soup, while it was only allowed to charge ƒ 1,20. Although it was moved to a higher price class before the conviction, it still had to pay a fine of ƒ 1000 (thousand guilders).

In the last days of his life, 2 May 2002, politician Pim Fortuyn was dining with friends in Restaurant Saur. A large crowd of protesters gathered in front of the restaurant. A security firm offered to protect him, but Fortuyn declined. Four days later, on 6 May, he was murdered.

Pea soup
Pea soup or split pea soup is soup made typically from dried peas, such as the split pea. It is, with variations, a part of the cuisine of many cultures. It is most often greyish-green or yellow in color depending on the regional variety of peas used; all are cultivars of Pisum sativum.
Vasti Jackson
Vasti Jackson (pronounced Vast-eye) (born October 20, 1959) is an American electric blues guitarist, singer, songwriter, and record producer. He was the musical director and guitarist for Z. Z. Hill, Johnnie Taylor, Denise LaSalle, Little Milton, Bobby Bland and Katie Webster and has worked with gospel artists including the Williams Brothers, the Jackson Southernaires, and Daryl Coley.

Jackson's album, The Soul of Jimmie Rodgers was nominated for the Best Traditional Blues Album category for the 59th Annual Grammy Awards.

The Williams Brothers
The Williams Brothers featuring Andy Williams were a singing quartet formed in the mid-1930s. They initially entertained on radio stations and later appeared in four musical films in the 1940s. After recording with Bing Crosby led to a nightclub act backing Kay Thompson, they broke up in the early 1950s and went their separate ways. Sometimes referred to the second generation, twins Andrew and David (Andy's nephews) began as teen idols and a musical duo in the 1970s, performing extensively on radio, television, and in movies and nightclubs.
Aadi Mimansa
Aadi Mimansa (English: A Rare Solution) is a 1991 Indian Hindi and Odia-language film directed by Apurba Kishore Bir, starring Ashok Kumar, Mohan Gokhale, Neena Gupta, Gloria Mahanty, Bijainee Misra, Nargis and Lalatendu Rath. The film marked the directorial debut of cinematographer Apurba Kishore Bir and went on to win the 1991
Nargis Dutt Award for Best Feature Film on National Integration and Best Cinematography for Bir.

National Film Award for Best Cinematography
The National Film Award for Best Cinematography is one of the National Film Awards presented annually by the National Film Development Corporation of India. It is one of several awards presented for feature films and awarded with Rajat Kamal (Silver Lotus).

The award was instituted in 1967, at 15th National Film Awards and awarded annually for films produced in the year across the country, in all Indian languages. Till 34th National Film Awards, awards were given for Black-and-white as well as Color motion picture film. Since 37th National Film Awards, Laboratory Processing are also awarded under the same category. From 70th National Film Awards, the primary/main cinematographer is alone awarded, while eliminating the existing two sub-categories.
ArabTeX
ArabTeX is a free software package providing support for the Arabic and Hebrew alphabets to TeX and LaTeX. Written by Klaus Lagally, it can take romanized ASCII or native script input to produce quality ligatures for Arabic, Persian, Urdu, Pashto, Sindhi, Western Punjabi (Lahnda), Maghribi, Uyghur, Kashmiri, Hebrew, Judeo-Arabic, Ladino and Yiddish. ArabTeX characters are placed within a TeX/LaTeX document using the command \RL{ ... } or the environment \begin{RLtext} ... \end{RLtext}. ArabTeX is released under the  LaTeX Project Public License v1+.

LaTeX Project Public License
The LaTeX Project Public License (LPPL) is a software license originally written for the LaTeX system.  Software distributed under the terms of the LPPL can be regarded as free software; however, it is not copylefted.

Besides the LaTeX base system, the LPPL is also used for most third-party LaTeX packages.  Software projects other than LaTeX rarely use it.
Mesobatrachia
The Mesobatrachia (Ancient Greek μέσος (mésos, "middle") + batrachia ("frogs")) is a paraphyletic group of relatively primitive frogs. At the end of 2016, it contained 3 superfamilies (Pelobatoidea, Pelodytoidea and Pipoidea), 6 families, 16 genera, and 244 species. Recognized as a group in 1993, the name is contrasted with the primitive Archaeobatrachia and the more diverse and advanced Neobatrachia.

The Mesobatrachia comprise five fossorial families, including the spadefoot toads of Europe, North America, and East Asia, the parsley frogs, and the Mexican burrowing toad, as well as one obligatorily aquatic family, the Pipidae of Africa and South America. Later studies recognised that the group was paraphyletic with respect to Neobatrachia.

The families currently accepted in the Mesobatrachia suborder are:

Megophryidae

Pelobatidae

Pelodytidae

Pipidae

Rhinophrynidae

Scaphiopodidae

Pelodytidae
Pelodytidae, also known as the parsley frogs, or rarely, mud divers, is a family of frogs. It contains a single extant genus, Pelodytes, and three genera only known from fossils. The extant species are found in southwestern Europe and the Caucasus.
Margaret Vertue
Christianity portal

Margaret Brenda Vertue (born 6 April 1953) is a retired South African Anglican bishop. She was the second woman to be elected as a bishop of the Anglican Church of Southern Africa and of the whole African continent, as the diocesan bishop of the Anglican Diocese of False Bay.

Vertue was educated at the Convent of the Holy Family in Kimberley and studied at St Paul's Theological College, Grahamstown (now the College of the Transfiguration), at Stellenbosch University and at St Beuno's, North Wales. She was ordained as one of the first woman priests by Archbishop Desmond Tutu in September 1992. She was preceded by Merwyn Castle.

She was elected Bishop of the Diocese of False Bay on 3 October 2012 by the Diocesan Elective Assembly and consecrated as Bishop on 19 January 2013 by the Most Reverend Thabo Makgoba, Archbishop of Cape Town.

Bishop Margaret's tenure as bishop of False Bay ended on 31 August 2023 as she entered retirement.

Anglican Diocese of Cape Town
The Diocese of Cape Town is a diocese of the Anglican Church of Southern Africa (ACSA) which presently covers central Cape Town, some of its suburbs and the island of Tristan da Cunha, though in the past it has covered a much larger territory. The Ordinary of the diocese is Archbishop of Cape Town and ex officio Primate and Metropolitan of the ACSA. His seat is St. George's Cathedral in Cape Town.

Desmond Tutu was archbishop from 1986 to 1996 and was archbishop-emeritus until his death in 2021. The current archbishop is Thabo Makgoba. Because of the archbishop's responsibilities as primate, many of his diocesan duties are delegated to a suffragan bishop known as the Bishop of Table Bay, an office currently held by Joshua Louw. (This is similar to the Bishop of Dover in the Church of England Diocese of Canterbury, who has held such a role since 1980.)
Tomorrow in the Battle Think on Me
Tomorrow in the Battle Think on Me (Spanish: Mañana en la batalla piensa en mí) is a novel by Javier Marías that was first published in 1994. Margaret Jull Costa's English translation was published by The Harvill Press in 1996, winner of the Rómulo Gallegos award and the Femina Award. The title of the 368-page novel is taken from William Shakespeare's Richard III, Act V, Scene 3.

When his would-be lover, another man's wife, dies suddenly in his arms, the narrator Victor is faced with the dilemma of whether to contact help or her family, or to quit the scene without admitting his presence, and chooses the latter option. This brings about many unforeseen consequences for the narrator and for others.  The protagonist's profession is that of ghostwriter.

Unintended consequences
In the social sciences, unintended consequences (sometimes unanticipated consequences or unforeseen consequences, more colloquially called knock-on effects) are outcomes of a purposeful action that are not intended or foreseen. The term was popularized in the 20th century by American sociologist Robert K. Merton.

Unintended consequences can be grouped into three types:

Unexpected benefit:  A positive unexpected benefit (also referred to as luck, serendipity, or a windfall).

Unexpected drawback:  An unexpected detriment occurring in addition to the desired effect of the policy (e.g., while irrigation schemes provide people with water for agriculture, they can increase waterborne diseases that have devastating health effects, such as schistosomiasis).

Perverse result: A perverse effect contrary to what was originally intended (when an intended solution makes a problem worse).
1937–38 Scottish Division One
The 1937–38 Scottish Division One season was won by Celtic by three points over nearest rival Heart of Midlothian. Dundee and Morton finished 19th and 20th respectively and were relegated to the 1938–39 Scottish Division Two.

Greenock Morton F.C.
Greenock Morton Football Club is a Scottish professional football club, which plays in the Scottish Championship. The club was founded as Morton Football Club in 1874, making it one of the oldest Scottish clubs. Morton was renamed Greenock Morton in 1994 to celebrate the links with its home town of Greenock.

Morton won the Scottish Cup in 1922, and achieved its highest league finish in 1916–17, as runners-up to champions Celtic. Morton holds the record for the most promotions to and relegations from the top flight (10 promotions and 10 relegations), but has not competed in the top flight of the Scottish football league system since 1988. In 2014–15, Morton won its tenth league title in all divisions by winning the Scottish League One championship on the final day.
Viola Birss
Viola Ingrid Birss is a Professor of Chemistry at the University of Calgary and has been the holder of a Tier 1 Canada Research Chair in Fuel Cells and Related Clean Energy Systems for two 7-year terms. She works on electrochemical and nanomaterial technologies to advance clean energy and environmental applications.

Electrochemistry
Electrochemistry is the branch of physical chemistry concerned with the relationship between electrical potential difference and identifiable chemical change. These reactions involve electrons moving via an electronically conducting phase (typically an external electric circuit, but not necessarily, as in electroless plating) between electrodes separated by an ionically conducting and electronically insulating electrolyte (or ionic species in a solution).

When a chemical reaction is driven by an electrical potential difference, as in electrolysis, or if a potential difference results from a chemical reaction as in an electric battery or fuel cell, it is called an electrochemical reaction. In electrochemical reactions, unlike in other chemical reactions,  electrons are not transferred directly between atoms, ions, or molecules, but via the aforementioned electric circuit. This phenomenon is what distinguishes an electrochemical reaction from a conventional chemical reaction.
HMCS Trail
HMCS Trail was a Flower-class corvette that served with the Royal Canadian Navy during the Second World War. She served primarily in the Battle of the Atlantic as a convoy escort. She was named for Trail, British Columbia.

Trail, British Columbia
Trail is a city in the western Kootenays region of the Interior of British Columbia, Canada. It was named after the Dewdney Trail, which passed through the area. The town was first called Trail Creek or Trail Creek Landing, and the name was shortened to Trail in 1897.
Isaac Stanmore
Isaac Stanmore (born 16 November 1988) is an English actor best known for playing Saul in the stage adaptation of Hetty Feather and Young Arthur Bullimore in The Incredible Adventures of Professor Branestawm.

As You Like It
As You Like It is a pastoral comedy by William Shakespeare believed to have been written in 1599 and first published in the First Folio in 1623.

As You Like It follows its heroine Rosalind as she flees persecution in her uncle's court, accompanied by her cousin Celia to find safety and, eventually, love, in the Forest of Arden. In the forest, they encounter a variety of memorable characters, notably the melancholy traveller Jaques, who speaks one of Shakespeare's most famous speeches ("All the world's a stage") and provides a sharp contrast to the other characters in the play, always observing and disputing the hardships of life in the country.

Historically, critical response has varied, with some critics finding the play a work of great merit and some finding it to be of lesser quality than other Shakespearean works.

The play has been adapted for radio, film, and musical theatre.
Drugs in sport in Australia
Australia has been at the forefront in the fight against doping in sport. It was one of the first countries to establish a sports anti-doping agency and is a member of World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). Australia abides by World Anti-Doping Code. In 2010, Australian John Fahey was re-elected as President of WADA for a second and final three-year term which finished at the end of 2013. Australia like other major countries has been embroiled in major doping in sport controversies and issues.

National Measurement Institute
The National Measurement Institute (NMI) is Australia's peak measurement body responsible for biological, chemical, legal and physical measurement and is currently administered within the Australian Government's Department of Industry, Innovation and Science.
The Lost Ring
The Lost Ring was an alternate reality game (ARG) initiated by McDonald's, as part of their marketing for the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing, China. A co-production between McDonald's, AKQA, and Jane McGonigal, the game was notable for its global scope: taking place across six continents, in seven languages, and running for six months (29 February – 24 August 2008). It began with six amnesiac athletes with strange tattoos, and culminated in the "revival" of a fictional Ancient Olympic sport – which the narrative described as having disappeared 2000 years ago before the events of the game.

Olympic sports
Olympic sports are sports that are contested in the Summer Olympic Games and Winter Olympic Games. The 2024 Summer Olympics included 32 sports; the 2022 Winter Olympics included seven sports. Each Olympic sport is represented at the International Olympic Committee (IOC) by an international governing body called an International Federation (IF).

The 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo saw the introduction of four new sports, with karate, skateboarding, sport climbing and surfing making their Olympic debuts. Breakdancing made its debut at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, and ski mountaineering made its debut at the 2026 Winter Olympics in Italy. Flag football and squash will make their debuts at the 2028 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, while cricket and lacrosse will return after long absences.
Don't Lose Touch
"Don't Lose Touch" is a song by the Gainesville, Florida-based punk rock band Against Me!, released as the first single from their 2005 album Searching for a Former Clarity. Like the second single "From Her Lips to God's Ears (The Energizer)", it was released exclusively on twelve-inch vinyl with a remixed version of the song as the A-side and the album version as the B-side. The A-side version was remixed by German electronic music duo Mouse on Mars. The single was limited to 3,050 copies.

The music video for "Don't Lose Touch" was directed by Philip Andelman. It depicts the band performing the song in a rehearsal and storage space, with parts shown in reverse.

Philip Andelman
Philip Andelman is an American music video director and photographer. Andelman has directed music videos for many notable artists, see below. He has received nominations for his works from the MVPA, VMAs, and CMT awards including MVPA Director of the Year. His commercial work has won a Bronze Clio Award.
Howard Young Sr.
Howard Sloan Young Sr. (August 7, 1879 – October 14, 1961) was a justice of the Indiana Supreme Court from January 1, 1945, to January 1, 1951.

Born in Indianapolis, Young attended the University of Chicago, graduating in 1898 and going on to receive his law degree from the Indiana Law School in 1903.

He opened a solo practice in 1904, and in 1916 joined the law firm of Elam, Fesler, Elam & Young.

He served as a United States Commissioner from 1920 to 1944, also serving as president of the Indianapolis Bar Association from 1931 to 1932.

He also served on the Indianapolis School Board.

In 1944, Young was elected to the Indiana Supreme Court as a Republican, taking office on January 1, 1945, and serving until January 1, 1951, when he resigned to practice law in association with his son, Howard S. Young Jr.

He died in Indianapolis, after a two-month illness.

Indiana University Robert H. McKinney School of Law
Indiana University Robert H. McKinney School of Law (IU McKinney) is the law school of Indiana University Indianapolis, a public research university in Indianapolis, Indiana. The school has been based in Lawrence W. Inlow Hall in Indianapolis since 2001. IU McKinney is one of two law schools operated by Indiana University, the other being the Indiana University Maurer School of Law in Bloomington. Although both law schools are part of Indiana University, each law school is wholly independent of the other.

According to IU McKinney's 2019 ABA-required disclosures, 59% of the Class of 2018 obtained full-time, long-term, J.D.-required employment within ten months after graduation.
Wade, Ontario
Wade is an unincorporated place and railway point in Unorganized Kenora District in northwestern Ontario, Canada.

It lies on the Canadian National Railway transcontinental main line, between Ottermere to the west and Minaki to the east, has a passing track, and is passed but not served by Via Rail transcontinental Canadian trains.

Many cottagers use Wade as a destination to get to their cottages on the adjacent Fox Lake. Cottagers have an organized association that ensures good relations and insurance for crossing the rail line.

The Canadian
The Canadian (French: Le Canadien) is a transcontinental passenger train operated by Via Rail on its Western Canada service between Union Station in Toronto, Ontario, and Pacific Central Station in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Canadian Pacific introduced this service on April 24, 1955, serving Montreal, Toronto and Vancouver. In 1978, Via Rail Canada acquired the service, and, on January 15, 1990, designated the Canadian as its sole transcontinental service, between Toronto and Vancouver. The new service replaced the former Super Continental, Canadian National's flagship passenger service, and continues to run primarily over CN tracks.
Oerlikon-Bührle
Oerlikon-Bührle (full name Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon, Bührle & Co., initially Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon) was a Swiss armaments company based in Oerlikon (Zürich) from 1906 to 1999.

After restructurings and the sale of various core divisions, in particular the armaments division Oerlikon Contraves Defence to the German Rheinmetall DeTec, the holding company was merged into the present OC Oerlikon in January 2000.

Oerlikon (Zurich)
Oerlikon is a quarter in the northern part of the city of Zurich, Switzerland. A formerly independent municipality, Oerlikon was merged with Zürich in 1934 and forms today, together with Affoltern and Seebach, the city district 11.
Agnes (case study)
Agnes is the pseudonym given to a transgender woman who participated in Harold Garfinkel's research in the early 1960s, making her the first subject of an in-depth discussion of transgender identity in sociology. She is the subject of a 2018 documentary short and a 2022 documentary, both titled Framing Agnes.

Framing Agnes
Framing Agnes is a 2022 Canadian documentary film, directed by Chase Joynt. An examination of transgender histories, the film centres on Joynt and a cast of transgender actors reenacting various case studies from Harold Garfinkel's work with transgender clients at the University of California, Los Angeles.