hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Khedda
A khedda (or Kheddah) or the Khedda system was a stockade trap for the capture of a full herd of elephants that was used in India; other methods were also used   to capture single elephants. The elephants were driven into the stockade by skilled mahouts mounted on domesticated elephants. This method was practiced widely in North-east India, particularly in the state of Assam, mostly in South India, and in particular in the erstwhile Mysore State (now part of Karnataka) state.

The khedda practice and other methods of trapping or capturing elephants have been discontinued since 1973 following the enactment of a law under Schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972, declaring the Indian elephant to be a highly endangered species. In the case of elephants which cause extensive damage by encroaching into human habitations and damaging crops, the forest department has the authority to capture them.

Mysore State
Mysore State, colloquially Old Mysore, was a political territory within the Dominion of India and the subsequent Republic of India from 1947 until 1956. The state was formed by renaming the Kingdom of Mysore, and Bangalore replaced Mysore as the state's capital when Parliament passed the States Reorganisation Act in 1956. Mysore State was considerably enlarged when it became a linguistically homogeneous Kannada-speaking state within the Republic of India by incorporating territories from Andhra, Bombay, Coorg, Hyderabad, and Madras States, as well as other petty fiefdoms. It was subsequently renamed Karnataka in 1973.
Smitty's
Smitty's is a casual dining restaurant based in Canada. It was founded in 1960 in Calgary, Alberta. In April 2018, the company was acquired by Equicapita Investment Corp, a private company buyout fund based in Calgary.

Types of restaurant
Restaurants fall into several industry classifications, based upon menu style, preparation methods and pricing, as well as the means by which the food is served to the customer. This article mainly describes the situation in the US, while categorisation differs widely around the world.
Sinkevičius
Sinkevičius is the masculine form of a Lithuanian family name. Its feminine forms  are: Sinkevičienė (married woman or widow) and Sinkevičiūtė (unmarried woman).

Rimantas Sinkevičius (born 1952), Lithuanian politician, Minister of Transport

Mindaugas Sinkevičius (born 1984), Lithuanian politician, former Minister of Economy and Mayor of Jonava

Virginijus Sinkevičius (born 1990), Lithuanian politician, European Commissioner for Environment, Oceans and Fisheries

Lithuanian name
A Lithuanian personal name, as in most European cultures, consists of two main elements: the given name (vardas) followed by the family name (pavardė). The usage of personal names in Lithuania is generally governed (in addition to personal taste and family custom) by three major factors: civil law, canon law, and tradition. Lithuanian names always follow the rules of the Lithuanian language. Lithuanian male names have preserved the Indo-European masculine endings (-as; -is; -us). These gendered endings are preserved even for foreign names.
Thomas Peter Lee
Thomas Peter Lee was born on March 19, 1871, in Petroleum, West Virginia to Alexander and Martha Jane Mount Lee, Thomas Peter Lee left school at the age of sixteen and went to work in the oil fields, first in his native state and then in Ohio.  In 1903 he moved to Saratoga, Texas, where he gained employment with the newly formed Texas Company, which eventually became Texaco, and when he left that organization ten years later, he had attained the rank of general superintendent of production.  While there, however, he became friends with J.S. Cullinan, and the two, along with Emerson Francis Woodward, Will C. Hogg, and James L. Autry, joined in 1914 to form the Farmers Petroleum Company, of which Lee became president.

American Republics Corporation
American Republics Corporation was a Texas oil company that was founded by Joseph S. Cullinan in Houston, Texas in 1916. Joseph S. Cullinan owned Farmers Oil Company and other companies. Cullinan consolidated with twenty subsidiary companies into the American Republics Corporation. American Republics Corporation became the holding company for all the subsidiary.

By 1927 American Republics Corporation owned two million acres of oil land, refineries, rail tankers and tanker ships. Cullinan resigned as president of American Republics Corporation in 1928. During the Great Depression American Republics Corporation was forced into receivership.

In 1936 Cullinan returned and became president again. American Republics Corporation was active in supporting the World War II efforts with oil supply and tanker ships.
Taraka (butterfly)
Taraka is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae that inhabit the East Asian Palearctic and Indomalayan realms. It includes the species Taraka hamada,  Taraka mahanetra de Nicéville, (Peninsular Malaya, Sumatra, Thailand) and Taraka shiloi Tamai & Guo, 2001 Sichuan.

Indomalayan realm
The Indomalayan realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms. It extends across most of South and Southeast Asia and into the southern parts of East Asia.

Also called the Oriental realm by biogeographers, Indomalaya spreads all over the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia to lowland southern China, and through Indonesia as far as Sumatra, Java, Bali, and Borneo, east of which lies the Wallace line, the realm boundary named after Alfred Russel Wallace which separates Indomalaya from Australasia. Indomalaya also includes the Philippines, lowland Taiwan, and Japan's Ryukyu Islands.

Most of Indomalaya was originally covered by forest, and includes tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, with tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests predominant in much of India and parts of Southeast Asia. The tropical forests of Indomalaya are highly variable and diverse, with economically important trees, especially in the families Dipterocarpaceae, Ficus, and Fabaceae.
Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science
The Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science (INIOAS, Persian: پژوهشگاه ملی اقیانوس شناسی و علوم جوی Pazhoheshgah e Melli e Oghianoos Shenasi va Oloum e Javvi) is a research center established by Iran's Ministry of Science, Research and Technology in 1992 under the name 'Iran Oceanography Center' to perform research in the field of oceanography. In March 2010, the organization was renamed to 'Iranian National Center for Oceanography (INCO)'. In June 2013, the organization was again renamed to 'Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science (INIOAS)'.

Upon its completion, INIOAS will have the Khalije Fars sea explorer at its disposal to conduct oceanographic research.

Ministry of Science, Research and Technology (Iran)
The Ministry of Science, Research and Technology (MSRT) is the government ministry of science, research and technology in Iran. State-run (non-medical) universities of Iran are under the direct supervision of Iran's Ministry of Science, Research and Technology. The ministry was established in 2000 when the ministry of culture and higher education was renamed as the ministry of science, research and technology.

In 2000 the ministry set up the Aerospace Research Institute.

The supervision of higher education institutions and the approval of the study programmes, as well as the accreditation of universities and other higher education institutions are conducted by the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology. Medical education falls within the remit of the Ministry of Health, Treatment and Medical Education. A list of recognised universities and institutes of higher education and private institutions is available on the website of the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology.
Manikpara
Manikpara is a small village in Jhargram (community development block) in Jhargram subdivision of Jhargram district in West Bengal, India.

Manikpara is a developing small city. It is situated near Sardiha station. Its geographical co-ordinates  are 22° 22' 0" North, 87° 7' 0" East.

Jhargram district
Jhargram  is a district in the state of West Bengal, India.The district lies between the Kangsabati River in the north and the Subarnarekha in the south. Jhargram has one of the lowest population densities among the districts of West Bengal, with almost all its population living in rural areas. It is a popular tourist destination known for its sal forests, elephants, ancient temples and royal palaces. The district was formed on 4 April 2017, after bifurcation from the Paschim Medinipur district as the 22nd district of West Bengal. The district has its headquarters at Jhargram.
Etlingera minor
Etlingera minor is a monocotyledonous plant species that was first described by Henry Nicholas Ridley, and got its current name by Rosemary Margaret Smith. Etlingera minor is part of the genus Etlingera and the family Zingiberaceae.

The species' range is in Sumatra. No subspecies are listed in the Catalog of Life.

Rosemary Margaret Smith
Rosemary Margaret Smith (1933–2004) was a Scottish botanist and illustrator who specialized in the taxonomy of the Zingiberaceae, or ginger family. Many of the species she classified and identified as being placed into improper genera were found in Asian countries, especially in the isolated island of Borneo.

Elettariopsis smithiae, a species of ginger native to Malaysia and Thailand, is named in honour of her. In 2001, a genus titled Smithatris was named after her, the two species in the genus being Smithatris supraneanae and Smithatris myanmarensis.
Y Touring Theatre Company
Y Touring Theatre Company was a national touring theatre company which produced original plays and debates exploring contemporary issues. It was founded in 1989 by Nigel Townsend. The company was based in Kings Cross, London, England and was a former operation of Central YMCA.

In 2014 Y Touring Theatre Company was closed.

The company is now extending the work through digital media.

Homeless World Cup
The Homeless World Cup (HWC) is an annual association football tournament organized by the Homeless World Cup Foundation, a social organization which advocates the end of homelessness through the sport. The organization puts together an annual football tournament where teams of homeless people from various countries compete.

The tournament was first held in 1999, and in 2008 it added a women's competition. From 2010 onwards, all tournaments have featured both men's and women's teams.
Edaravone
Edaravone, sold under the brand name Radicava among others, is a medication used to treat stroke and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). It is given by intravenous infusion and by mouth.

The mechanism by which edaravone might be effective is unknown. The medication is known to be an antioxidant, and oxidative stress has been hypothesized to be part of the process that kills neurons in people with ALS and in stroke victims.

The most common side effects include bruising (contusions), problems walking (gait disturbances), and headaches.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers it to be a first-in-class medication.

Oral administration
Oral administration is a route of administration whereby a substance is taken through the mouth, swallowed, and then processed via the digestive system. This is a common route of administration for many medications.

Oral administration can be easier and less painful than other routes of administration, such as injection.  However, the onset of action is relatively low, and the effectiveness is reduced if it is not absorbed properly in the digestive system, or if it is broken down by digestive enzymes before it can reach the bloodstream. Some medications may cause gastrointestinal side effects, such as nausea or vomiting, when taken orally. Oral administration can also only be applied to conscious patients, and patients able to swallow.
2021 Notre Dame Fighting Irish women's soccer team
The 2021 Notre Dame Fighting Irish women's soccer team represented the University of Notre Dame during the 2021 NCAA Division I women's soccer season. It was the 34th season of the university fielding a program. The Fighting Irish were led by 4th year head coach Nate Norman and played their games at Alumni Stadium.

The Fighting Irish finished the season 14–6–2, 7–3–0 in ACC play to finish in fourth place.  As the fourth seed in the ACC Tournament, they lost to fifth seed Clemson in the First Round.  They received an at-large bid to the NCAA Tournament where they defeated SIU Edwardsville in the First Round, and Purdue on penalties in the Second Round, before losing to Arkansas in the Round of 16 to end their season.

2021 NCAA Division I women's soccer tournament
The 2021 NCAA Division I women's soccer tournament was the 40th edition of the NCAA Division I Women's Soccer Tournament, a postseason tournament to determine the national champion of NCAA Division I women's college soccer. The College Cup was played on December 3 and December 6. It was originally set to be played in San Jose, California, but was moved to Stevens Stadium due to a conflict with the MLS playoffs schedule.

The Florida State Seminoles defeated the BYU Cougars on penalty kicks to win the national championship.
Fulgora
The fulgorid genus Fulgora contains several large Central and South American planthoppers known by a large variety of common names including lantern fly, peanut bug, peanut-headed lanternfly, alligator bug, machaca, and jequitiranaboia (the latter terms used in the Amazon region and elsewhere in Brazil).

Planthopper
A planthopper is any insect in the infraorder Fulgoromorpha, in the suborder Auchenorrhyncha, a group exceeding 12,500 described species worldwide. The name comes from their remarkable resemblance to leaves and other plants of their environment and that they often "hop" for quick transportation in a similar way to that of grasshoppers. However, planthoppers generally walk very slowly. Distributed worldwide, all members of this group are plant-feeders, though few are considered pests. Fulgoromorphs are most reliably distinguished from the other Auchenorrhyncha by two features: the bifurcate (Y-shaped) anal vein in the forewing, and the thickened, three-segmented antennae, with a generally round or egg-shaped second segment (pedicel) that bears a fine filamentous arista.
Jenniina Nylund
Jenniina Nylund (born 18 June 1999) is a Finnish ice hockey centre for Brynäs IF Dam of the Swedish Women's Hockey League (SDHL) and member of the Finnish national ice hockey team. She played college ice hockey at St. Cloud State.

Brynäs IF (women)
Brynäs IF are an ice hockey team in the Swedish Women's Hockey League (SDHL). They play in Gävle, on the eastern-central coast of Sweden, at the Monitor ERP Arena. A constituent part of the Swedish sports club Brynäs IF, they are the sister team of Brynäs IF of the Swedish Hockey League (SHL).
Transitplus
Transitplus, formerly Hills Transit, was an Australian bus service operator in Adelaide. It operated services as part of the Adelaide Metro network under contract to the Department of Planning, Transport & Infrastructure. It was a 50/50 joint venture between Australian Transit Enterprises and TransAdelaide.

Department for Infrastructure and Transport
The Department for Infrastructure and Transport (DIT) is a department of the Government of South Australia.

It is responsible for maintaining, expanding and operating the statewide road network. In addition to road transport, the department is also responsible for strategic planning and delivery of social and civil infrastructure, marine projects and public transport.

The department also manages policy initiatives and community information for safe road use and travel behaviour. It does this by overseeing regulatory, road safety and policy responsibilities.
2026 Soma Bay Open – Doubles
Sergey Betov and Daniil Ostapenkov were the defending champions but lost in the first round to Max Westphal and Theodore Winegar.

Erik Grevelius and Adam Heinonen won the title after defeating Alex Hernández and Rodrigo Pacheco Méndez 6–2, 6–3 in the final.

Erik Grevelius
Erik Grevelius (born 24 June 2000) is a Swedish tennis player.

Grevelius has a career high ATP singles ranking of No. 1,495 achieved on 12 June 2023 and a career high ATP doubles ranking of No. 170 achieved on 2 February 2026.

Grevelius made his ATP main draw debut at the 2024 Stockholm Open after receiving a wildcard into the doubles main draw with Filip Bergevi.

Grevelius played college tennis at Georgia before transferring to South Florida.
The Ravine of Goodbye
The Ravine of Goodbye (さよなら渓谷, Sayonara keikoku) is a 2013 Japanese drama film directed by Tatsushi Ōmori. The film is based on the Japanese 2008 novel Sayonara keikoku by Shuichi Yoshida, which intrigued Ōmori with its central mystery of a rape victim and her perpetrator choosing to live together. It won the Special Jury Prize at the 35th Moscow International Film Festival. The ending theme song "Saisakizaka" was written by musician Ringo Sheena, and performed by lead actress Yōko Maki.

Ringo Sheena
Yumiko Shiina (椎名 裕美子, Shiina Yumiko; born November 25, 1978), known by her stage name Ringo Sheena (椎名 林檎, Shiina Ringo), is a Japanese singer, songwriter and musician. She is also the founder and lead vocalist of the band Tokyo Jihen.

She describes herself as "Shinjuku-kei Jisaku-Jien-ya (新宿系自作自演屋, a Shinjuku-style writer-performer)". She was ranked number 36 in a list of Japan's top 100 musicians compiled by HMV in 2003.
Mixed martial arts in the United States
Mixed martial arts (MMA) is the fastest growing spectator sport, in terms of finances, in the United States. Mixed martial arts largely developed in the 1990s, and has achieved popularity in the early 21st century. Many companies promote MMA cards, with the American based Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) the most dominant.

Spectator sport
A spectator sport is a sport that is characterized by the presence of spectators, or watchers, at its competitions. Spectator sports may be professional sports or amateur sports. They often are distinguished from participant sports, which are more recreational.
Palais de justice (Montreal)
The Palais de justice is a courthouse in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is located at 1 Notre-Dame Street East in the Old Montreal neighbourhood of the Ville-Marie borough. It was completed in 1971.

Though located in the Old Montreal historic district, it is an international style structure, featuring the outdoor sculpture Allegrocube. The black metal and granite building is adjacent to the Champ de Mars square. It was designed by Montreal architects Pierre Boulva and Jacques David, whose other prominent Montreal projects included 500 Place D'Armes, Théâtre Maisonneuve, the Dow Planetarium and the Place-des-Arts, Atwater and Lucien-L'Allier metro stations.

Place-des-Arts station
Place-des-Arts station (French pronunciation: [plas dez‿aʁ]) is a Montreal Metro station in the borough of Ville-Marie, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is operated by the Société de transport de Montréal (STM) and serves the Green Line. The station opened on October 14, 1966, as part of the original network of the Metro. It is located in the Quartier des spectacles district, in east-central downtown.
Callum Brown (footballer, born 1998)
Callum L. Brown (born 27 April 1998) is a professional Australian rules footballer who currently plays for Box Hill in the Victorian Football League (VFL), having previously played for the Collingwood Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL).

Son of former former Collingwood captain, Gavin Brown, he played for the Eastern Ranges in the TAC Cup before he was drafted to Collingwood in 2016 under the father–son rule.

Glossary of Australian rules football
This list is an alphabetical glossary of Australian rules football terms, jargon and slang. While some of these entries are shared with other sports, Australian rules football has developed a unique and rich terminology.

Where words in a sentence are also defined elsewhere in this article, they appear in italics.
Catterick Camp railway station
Catterick Camp railway station was a railway station in North Yorkshire, England. It was built as the terminus of the sub branch of the Eryholme-Richmond branch line to serve Catterick Camp, now Catterick Garrison. Along with the rest of the stations on the branch it was closed in 1964, but the line remained open until December 1969. The station had one narrow platform, and at the eastern end was a red-brick ticket office which was 18 feet (5.5 m) long. The original platform was made from wood, but was rebuilt in brick by Italian prisoners of war in 1943.

On  15 September 1917, a set of carriages ran away from the station and were derailed. According to the  Darlington & Stockton Times of 22 September 1917, four soldiers were killed although one report claims three people were killed.

Eryholme–Richmond line
The Eryholme–Richmond branch line was opened in 1846 by the York and Newcastle Railway Company. The original section of the line ran from between a point in between Darlington and Northallerton on what is now the East Coast Main Line and the terminus at Richmond railway station.
Calcium lactate
Calcium lactate is a white crystalline salt with formula C6H10CaO6, consisting of two lactate anions H3C(CHOH)CO−2 for each calcium cation Ca2+.  It forms several hydrates, the most common being the pentahydrate C6H10CaO6·5H2O.

Calcium lactate is used in medicine, mainly to treat calcium deficiencies; and as a food additive with E number of E327.  Some cheese crystals consist of calcium lactate.

Food additive
Food additives are substances added to food to preserve flavor or enhance taste, appearance, or other sensory qualities. Some additives, such as vinegar (pickling), salt (salting), smoke (smoking) and sugar (crystallization), have been used for centuries to preserve food. This allows for longer-lasting foods, such as bacon, sweets, and wines.

With the advent of ultra-processed foods in the late 20th century, many additives having both natural and artificial origin were introduced. Food additives also include substances that may be introduced to food indirectly (called "indirect additives") in the manufacturing process through packaging, storage or transport.

In Europe and internationally, many additives are designated with E numbers, while in the United States, additives in amounts deemed safe for human consumption are designated as GRAS.
Crossing Boundaries
Crossing Boundaries is an annual summer radio documentary series on CBC Radio One.

Each year, the producers select a number of recent acclaimed documentaries produced by various international public radio networks and broadcasts one per week.

Radio documentary
A radio documentary is a spoken word radio format devoted to non-fiction narrative. It is broadcast on radio as well as distributed through media such as tape, CD, and podcast. A radio documentary, or feature, covers a topic in depth from one or more perspectives, often featuring interviews, commentary, and sound pictures. A radio feature may include original music compositions and creative sound design or can resemble traditional journalistic radio reporting, but cover an issue in greater depth.