hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Compulsory stock obligation
In the UK, a compulsory stock obligation (CSO) is a minimum stock of fuel reserves that must be held by a supplier in the United Kingdom against shortages or interruptions in supply. The scheme is administered by the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI). The CSO is based on the actual net imports.

Department of Trade and Industry (United Kingdom)
The Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) was a United Kingdom government department formed on 19 October 1970. It was replaced with the creation of the Department for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform and the Department for Innovation, Universities and Skills on 28 June 2007.
Manufacturers Alliance for Productivity and Innovation
The Manufacturers Alliance for Productivity & Innovation (MAPI) (formerly the Machinery and Allied Products Institute) is a non-profit manufacturing leadership network that offers benchmarking, professional development, and research services. Member companies are executives in medium and large global manufacturers such as Caterpillar, Ingersoll-Rand, and Oshkosh Corporation.

Ingersoll Rand
Ingersoll Rand Inc. is an American multinational company that provides flow creation and industrial products. The company was formed in February 2020 through the spinoff of the industrial segment of Ingersoll-Rand plc (now known as Trane Technologies) and its merger with Gardner Denver. Its products are sold under more than 40 brands across all major global markets.

Based in Davidson, North Carolina, Ingersoll Rand operates in two segments: Industrial Technologies and Services and Precision and Science Technologies.
Abe Bekker
Abe Bekker (10 June 1935 – 9 January 2025) was a Zambian boxer who competed in the flyweight class at the 1954 British Empire and Commonwealth Games in Vancouver and in the bantamweight class at the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games in Cardiff representing Northern Rhodesia. He also represented Rhodesia at the 1960 Summer Olympics in the featherweight division, where he was eliminated in the quarterfinals by Jorma Limmonen of Finland.

Bekker died on 9 January 2025 in England, at the age of 89.

1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games
The 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games (Welsh: Gemau Ymerodraeth Prydain a'r Gymanwlad 1958) were held in Cardiff, Wales, from 18 to 26 July 1958. It was the sixth edition of what would come to be known as the Commonwealth Games, the second Games held in the United Kingdom, and the second held under the name British Empire and Commonwealth Games.

Thirty-five nations sent a total of 1,130 athletes and 228 officials to the Cardiff Games and 23 countries and dependencies won medals, including, for the first time, Singapore, Ghana, Kenya and the Isle of Man. 178,000 tickets were eventually sold during the Games.

The Cardiff Games introduced the Queen's Baton Relay, which has been conducted as a prelude to every Commonwealth Games ever since. England topped the medal table.
National Computer Camps
National Computer Camps are computer camps for children and teens founded in 1977 by Dr. Michael Zabinski. There are locations at Fairfield University in Fairfield, Connecticut, where Dr. Zabinski is a professor of physics and engineering; Oglethorpe University in Atlanta, Georgia;  and Baldwin Wallace University in Cleveland, Ohio.

The focus of NCC is 2D and 3D video game design, computer programming, digital video production, web page design, A+ and Network+ certification, Android App programming, and software applications including animation, Flash and Photoshop. An optional sports program is also available. Each week, all levels of programming are offered in Basic, C++, Java, assembler, HTML, XML, and JavaScript. Campers may attend one or multi-week sessions.

NCC was the first summer camp for children founded with a primary focus on computing.

Baldwin Wallace University
Baldwin Wallace University (BW) is a private university in Berea, Ohio, United States. Established in 1845 as Baldwin Institute by Methodist businessman and former founder of a utopian community at Berea, Ohio John Baldwin, it merged with nearby German Wallace College in 1913 to become Baldwin-Wallace College. There are two campus sites: Berea, which serves as the main campus, and Corporate College East in Warrensville Heights, Ohio. The university enrolls approximately 3,300 full-time undergraduate and graduate students as of fall 2024. Baldwin Wallace's athletic teams compete as members of NCAA Division III athletics in the Ohio Athletic Conference.
Cap Raeder
Robert "Cap" Raeder (born October 8, 1953) is an American former ice hockey goaltender and coach.

Raeder briefly played in the WHA for the New England Whalers in 1975–77 after starring for the University of New Hampshire men's ice hockey team in the early 1970s. His best year as a professional was in 1976 when he had the lowest goals against average of all goaltenders in the WHA playoffs. Based on the strength of that performance, he was later selected to the United States team at the inaugural 1976 Canada Cup. He later served as an interim head coach of the San Jose Sharks for one game in 2002, before taking a scouting position with the Sharks. In 2008, Raeder was hired as an assistant coach for the Tampa Bay Lightning.  In August 2010, Raeder retired, and now runs camps and clinics. Raeder is the analyst for Westwood One's coverage of the Frozen Four.

University of New Hampshire
The University of New Hampshire (UNH) is a public land-grant research university with its main campus in Durham, New Hampshire, United States. It was founded and incorporated in 1866 as a land grant college in Hanover, moved to Durham in 1893, and adopted its current name in 1923.

The university's Durham campus comprises six colleges. A seventh college, the University of New Hampshire at Manchester, occupies the university's campus in Manchester. The University of New Hampshire School of Law is in Concord, the state's capital. The university is part of the University System of New Hampshire and is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity".

As of 2018, its combined campuses made UNH the largest state university system in the state of New Hampshire, with over 15,000 students. It was also the most expensive state-sponsored school in the United States for in-state students.
Jakob Lukas Schabelitz
Jakob Lukas Schabelitz  (10 March 1827, Basel – 28 January 1889) was a Swiss publisher and bookseller.  He joined the Communist League and was an associate and friend of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in the late 1840s and early 1850s.  Schabelitz died in 1899.

Bookselling
Bookselling is the commercial trading of books, which is the retail and distribution end of the publishing process.

People who engage in bookselling are called booksellers, bookdealers, book people, bookmen, or bookwomen.
Mulago Foundation
The Mulago Foundation is an American private foundation and philanthropic organization that funds nonprofits through grants, debt or equity investment. The foundation was originally envisioned by Rainer Arnhold, a San Francisco paediatrician and philanthropist, who taught at Mulago Hospital, Uganda. The foundation was officially created by his brother Henry Arnhold after Rainer Arnhold's death in 1993.

Private foundation
A private foundation is a tax-exempt organization that does not rely on broad public support and generally claims to serve humanitarian purposes.

Unlike a charitable foundation, a private foundation does not generally solicit funds from the public or have the legal requirements and reporting responsibilities of a registered non-profit or charitable foundation. Not all foundations engage in philanthropy; some private foundations are used for estate planning purposes.
Kota Marudu (federal constituency)
Kota Marudu is a federal constituency in Kudat Division (Kudat District and Kota Marudu District), Sabah, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Dewan Rakyat since 2004.

The federal constituency was created in the 2003 redistribution and is mandated to return a single member to the Dewan Rakyat under the first past the post voting system.

Kota Marudu District
The Kota Marudu District (Malay: Daerah Kota Marudu) is an administrative district in the Malaysian state of Sabah, part of the Kudat Division which includes the districts of Kota Marudu, Kudat and Pitas. The capital of the district is in Kota Marudu Town.
Sonny Black
William Boazman, known as Sonny Black, is an acoustic guitarist based in the UK, who plays blues, rags and original compositions usually fingerstyle or slide. "Sonny Black" is a pseudonym adopted when he began the first Sonny Black's Blues Band. He previously became well known as Bill Boazman on the folk club circuit and at college gigs during the 1970s as a singer, songwriter and acoustic guitarist. He has been credited with accompanying J. J. Cale, but this is a fallacy arising from a typographic error involving an American musician with a similar name, Bob Brozman.

Aldershot
Aldershot (/ˈɔːldərʃɒt/ AWL-dər-shot) is a town in the Rushmoor district of Hampshire, England. It lies on heathland in the extreme north-east corner of the county, 31 mi (50 km) south-west of London. The town has a population of 40,160, while the Aldershot Urban Area – a loose conurbation, which also includes other towns such as Camberley and Farnborough – has a population of 243,344; it is the thirtieth-largest urban area in the UK.

Aldershot is known as the Home of the British Army, a connection which led to its rapid growth from a small village to a Victorian town.
Truskovice
Truskovice is a municipality and village in Strakonice District in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.

Truskovice lies approximately 26 kilometres (16 mi) south-east of Strakonice, 28 km (17 mi) north-west of České Budějovice, and 111 km (69 mi) south of Prague.

České Budějovice
České Budějovice (Czech: [ˈtʃɛskɛː ˈbuɟɛjovɪtsɛ] ⓘ; German: Budweis) is a city in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 97,000 inhabitants. The city is located in the valley of the Vltava River, at its confluence with the Malše.

České Budějovice is the largest city in the region and its political and commercial capital, the seat of the Diocese of České Budějovice and the University of South Bohemia. It is famous for the Budweiser Budvar Brewery. The historic city centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation.
Miss Indonesia 2012
Miss Indonesia 2012 is the eighth edition of Miss Indonesia. The pageant was held at Hall D2 JIExpo, Kemayoran on April 28, 2012, and was hosted by Ferdi Hassan and Amanda Zevannya. The current titleholder of Miss World, Ivian Sarcos attended the awarding night, when Astrid Ellena of East Java crowned her successor, Ines Putri Chandra from Bali.

Ivian Sarcos
Ivian Sarcos (born July 26, 1989) is a Venezuelan model and beauty queen who was crowned Miss World 2011 on November 6, 2011, in London, United Kingdom. Sarcos is the sixth woman from Venezuela to win Miss World.
Unicorns (2023 British film)
Unicorns is a drama film directed by James Krishna Floyd and Sally El Hosaini, released on July 5, 2024. The film stars Ben Hardy as Luke, a single father and mechanic who is forced to question his sexual identity when he unexpectedly falls in love with Aysha (Jason Patel), a drag queen.

A coproduction of companies from the United Kingdom, the United States and Sweden, the film was written by Floyd, and marks his directorial debut.

The film premiered in the Special Presentations program at the 2023 Toronto International Film Festival. It was nominated for seven British Independent Film Awards at the 2024 BIFAs, winning one. At the 2024 Dinard Film Festival it won both the Special Jury Prize and the Audience Award.

Attitude magazine called it a 'trailblazing film' and in November 2024, it was bought by Netflix for the UK. For the US it was bought by Cohen Media Group for all North American rights, releasing in cinemas in 2025.

Ben Hardy (actor)
Ben Hardy (born Ben Jones; 2 January 1991) is an English actor. A graduate of the Royal Central School of Speech and Drama, Hardy made his professional acting debut in 2012 and gained recognition for playing Peter Beale in the BBC soap opera EastEnders (2013–2015). He followed this up with his film debut as Archangel in X-Men: Apocalypse (2016) and subsequently portrayed Queen drummer Roger Taylor in the biographical film Bohemian Rhapsody (2018). Other films in which Hardy has appeared include Mary Shelley, Only the Brave (both 2017), 6 Underground (2019), and The Voyeurs (2021).

On television, Hardy has also acted in the miniseries The Woman in White (2018) and The Girl Before (2021).
David Brown (entrepreneur)
Sir David Brown (10 May 1904 – 3 September 1993) was an English industrialist, managing director of his grandfather's  gear and machine tool business David Brown Limited and more recently David Brown Tractors, and once the owner of shipbuilders Vosper Thorneycroft and car manufacturers Aston Martin and Lagonda.

Aston Martin DB7
The Aston Martin DB7 is a car that was produced by British luxury car manufacturer Aston Martin from September 1994 to December 2004. It was designed by Ian Callum and Keith Helfet as a grand tourer in coupé and convertible bodystyles. The prototype was complete by November 1992 and debuted at the Geneva Motor Show in March 1993. The six-cylinder DB7 (based on the Jaguar AJ6 engine) was positioned as an "entry-level" model below the hand-built V8 Virage introduced a few years earlier. At the time, the DB7 was the most-produced Aston Martin automobile in the company’s history, with more than 7,000 built before it was replaced by the DB9 in 2004.
Arthur Thomas (composer)
Arthur Goring Thomas (20 November 1850 – 20 March 1892) was an English composer. Thomas was a younger brother of the cricketer Freeman Frederick Thomas and the civil servant Charles Inigo Thomas, During the 1870s, he received a musical education in Paris and at the Royal Academy of Music. He was commissioned to write the opera Esmeralda (1883), an adaptation of Victor Hugo's 1831 novel The Hunchback of Notre-Dame. By the early 1890s, this opera had received adaptations in the German and French languages. By the time of his death, Thomas had completed at least four other operas, including an opéra bouffe which was released posthumously.

In 1891, Thomas was engaged to be married. In March 1892, he took his own life by throwing himself in front of a train. His suicide was attributed to an unspecified "mental disease".

Drury Lane
Drury Lane is a street on the boundary between the Covent Garden and Holborn areas of London, running between Aldwych and High Holborn. The northern part is in the borough of Camden and the southern part in the City of Westminster. Drury Lane is part of London's West End Theatreland.
Richard Kennedy (footballer)
Richard Joseph Kennedy (born 28 August 1978) is an Irish retired semi-professional footballer who played as a midfielder. He began his career in the youth system at Crystal Palace and made his Football League debut in 1999 while at Brentford. Kennedy won three League of Wales and Welsh Cup doubles with Barry Town between 2001 and 2003 and played in the Champions League with the club. He retired in 2006 and is now a personal trainer and a fitness coach at Clonmel Town.

Welsh League Cup
The Cymru League Cup, currently known as the Nathaniel MG Cup for sponsorship reasons, is a cup competition in Welsh football organised by the Football Association of Wales.

The competition was established in 1992 and is considered to be the second-most important domestic cup competition for Welsh football clubs, after the older and more prestigious Welsh Cup. Unlike the Welsh Cup, where 135 teams entered in 2008–09, the competition is only open to the members of the Cymru Premier, the Cymru North, Cymru South and a very select few other clubs. It should not be confused with the Welsh Football League Cup, which was for the clubs in the Welsh Football League, which despite its name only covered the south and centre of Wales up until it was disbanded at the end of the 2018-19 season. For the 2023-24 season Cardiff City and Swansea City U21 sides are 'wildcard' entries into the competition.
Jai Shri Ram
Jai Shri Ram (Devanagari: जय श्री राम; IAST: Jaya Śrī Rāma) is an expression in Indic languages, translating to "Glory to Lord Rama" or "Victory to Lord Rama". The proclamation has been used by Hindus as a symbol of adhering to the Hindu faith, or for projection of varied faith-centered emotions.

The expression has been increasingly used by Indian organisations aligning with Hindutva, a Hindu nationalist ideology, such as the Vishva Hindu Parishad (VHP), Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and their allies, which adopted the slogan in the late 20th century as a tool for increasing the visibility of Hinduism in public spaces, before going on to use it as a battle cry. The slogan has since been employed in connection with the perpetration of communal violence against Muslims.

Languages of South Asia
South Asia is home to several hundred languages, spanning the countries of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. It is home to the fourth most spoken language in the world, Hindi–Urdu; the seventh most spoken language, Bengali; and thirteenth most spoken language, Punjabi. Languages like Bengali, Tamil and Nepali have official/national status in more than one country of this region. The languages in the region mostly comprise Indo-Iranic and Dravidian languages, and further members of other language families like Austroasiatic, and Tibeto-Burman languages.
WGEM-TV
WGEM-TV (channel 10) is a television station licensed to Quincy, Illinois, United States, serving the Quincy, Illinois–Hannibal, Missouri–Keokuk, Iowa market as an affiliate of NBC, The CW Plus, and Fox. Owned by Gray Media, it is sister to the company's sole radio property, sports station WGEM-FM (105.1). The two stations share studios in the New Tremont Apartments (formerly the Hotel Quincy) on Hampshire Street in downtown Quincy. WGEM-TV's transmitter is located east of the city on Cannonball Road near I-172.

Until August 2, 2021, WGEM-TV served as the flagship television property of founding owner Quincy Media, and was sister to the company's namesake newspaper, The Quincy Herald-Whig.

Keokuk, Iowa
Keokuk /ˈkiːəkʌk/ is a city in and a county seat of Lee County, Iowa, United States. It is Iowa's southernmost city. The population was 9,900 at the time of the 2020 census. The city is named after the Sauk chief Keokuk. It is in the extreme southeast corner of Iowa, where the Des Moines River meets the Mississippi. Keokuk is also the home of Keokuk National Cemetery.

It is at the junction of U.S. Routes 61, 136 and 218. Just across the rivers are the towns of Hamilton and Warsaw, Illinois, and Alexandria, Missouri. Keokuk, along with the city of Fort Madison, is a principal city of the Fort Madison-Keokuk micropolitan area, which includes all of Lee County, Iowa, Hancock County, Illinois and Clark County, Missouri.
Uluguru mountain grasshopper
The Uluguru mountain grasshopper (Cyphocerastis uluguruensis) is a rare species of grasshopper in the family Acrididae. The species is endemic to Uluguru Mountains of Tanzania, and is critically endangered due to a decline of its habitat.

Acrididae
Acrididae are the predominant family of grasshoppers, comprising some 10,000 of the 11,000 species of the entire suborder Caelifera. The Acrididae are best known because all locusts (swarming grasshoppers) are of the Acrididae. The subfamily Oedipodinae is sometimes classified as a distinct family Oedipodidae in the superfamily Acridoidea. Acrididae grasshoppers are characterized by relatively short and stout antennae (so they may be called "short-horned grasshoppers"), and tympana on the side of the first abdominal segment.
Nayana Jayaneththi
Nayana Madushani Jayaneththi also spelt as Nayana Jayanetthi is a former Sri Lankan field hockey player who represented Sri Lanka at international level. Her husband Nalantha is also a field hockey player who has represented Sri Lanka men's hockey team.

Sri Lanka women's national field hockey team
The Sri Lanka women's national field hockey team represents Sri Lanka at international field hockey competitions for women. Sri Lanka is currently ranked under 40 FIH rating.July 2017 FIH Ratings The women's team was eligible to contest in the Women's FIH Hockey World League for the first time in its history after making its first appearance in the 2016–17 Women's FIH Hockey World League. Sri Lanka competed in the Round 1 (Asian category) of the Hockey World League for the season 2016-17 and they were knocked out of the first round claiming only 2 wins out of 6 pool matches.

Sri Lankan women's field hockey team also secured a silver medal in the field hockey competition which was part of the 2016 South Asian Games after losing to favourites India in the finals by a huge margin. It was also the first ever women's field hockey tournament to have contested in the South Asian Games.

In 2003, Sri Lankan women team also won a silver medal in the AHF Women's field hockey tournament.
Adrenergic cell group C3
Adrenergic cell group C3 is a group of cells that label for Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT), the enzyme that converts norepinephrine to epinephrine (adrenaline); thus, they are regarded as 'putative adrenergic cells'. They are found in the dorsal midline of the rostral medulla in conjunction with the noradrenergic cell group A3. Seen in rodents, group C3 is not detectable in most other species, including primates.

Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase
Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) is an enzyme found primarily in the adrenal medulla that converts norepinephrine (noradrenaline) to epinephrine (adrenaline). It is also expressed in small groups of neurons in the human brain and in selected populations of cardiomyocytes.
Mont Campbell
Dirk Campbell (born Hugo Martin Montgomery Campbell, 30 December 1950), previously known as Mont Campbell, is a British composer, multi-instrumentalist, and company executive. Campbell is best known for his work with progressive rock bands such as Egg and National Health, though he would later "forswear the genre of rock music altogether, and would begin to develop an interest in folk tradition and, increasingly, non-western music."

Cambell began a full-time career as composer in 1989 with film and commercials commissions from Redwing Films and now lectures on music in remote antiquity, and ways of incorporating non-western music into contemporary composition. He is a director of Ovesco, a Sussex-based alternative energy company.

In December 2024 Campbell put his music up for sale on BandCamp.

Rick Fenn
Richard Fenn (born 23 May 1953) is an English rock guitarist. He has been a member of the band 10cc since 1976 and has also collaborated with Mike Oldfield, Rick Wakeman, the Hollies singer Peter Howarth, and Pink Floyd drummer Nick Mason.