hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Elm and the Vine
The Elm and the Vine were associated particularly by Latin authors. Because pruned elm trees acted as vine supports, this was taken as a symbol of marriage and imagery connected with their pairing also became common in Renaissance literature. Various fables were created out of their association in both Classical and later times. Although Aesop was not credited with these formerly, later fables hint at his authorship.

Vine
A vine is any plant with a growth habit of trailing or scandent (that is, climbing) stems, lianas, or runners. The word vine can also refer to such stems or runners themselves, for instance, when used in wicker work.

In parts of the world, including the British Isles, the term "vine" usually applies exclusively to grapevines, while the term "climber" is used for all climbing plants.
Pachy
Pachy [ˈpaxɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Biała Rawska, within Rawa County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) north-east of Biała Rawska, 23 km (14 mi) east of Rawa Mazowiecka, and 76 km (47 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

Rawa County
Rawa County (Polish: powiat rawski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Rawa Mazowiecka, which lies 54 kilometres (34 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź. The only other town in the county is Biała Rawska, lying 17 km (11 mi) east of Rawa Mazowiecka.

The county covers an area of 646.6 square kilometres (249.7 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 49,443, out of which the population of Rawa Mazowiecka is 17,643, that of Biała Rawska is 3,182, and the rural population is 28,618.
2018 President's Cup – Men's doubles
Toshihide Matsui and Vishnu Vardhan were the defending champions but only Matsui chose to defend his title, partnering Saketh Myneni. Matsui lost in the first round to Ivan Gakhov and Roman Safiullin.

Mikhail Elgin and Yaraslav Shyla won the title after defeating Arjun Kadhe and Denis Yevseyev 7–5, 7–6(8–6) in the final.

Ivan Gakhov
Ivan Andreevich Gakhov (Russian: Ива́н Андре́евич Га́хов, IPA: [ɪˈvan ˈɡaxəf]; born 4 November 1996) is a Russian tennis player.
He has a career high ATP singles ranking of world No. 142 achieved on 19 June 2023 and a doubles ranking of No. 170 achieved on 17 September 2018.

Gakhov has won two ATP Challenger titles in singles and one in doubles.
Guyparkeria
Guyparkeria is a genus in the Gammaproteobacteria. Both species are obligate aerobic bacteria; they require oxygen to grow. They are also halophilic and have varying degrees of thermophilicity. They live in environments with high concentrations of salt or other solutes, such as in hydrothermal vent plumes or in hypersaline playas, and do require high sodium ion concentrations in order to grow, as is also the case in the other genus of the same family, Thioalkalibacter

Both species of this genus were originally published as members of the genus Thiobacillus, before they were reclassified in 2000 to Halothiobacillus, as Halothiobacillus halophilus and Halothiobacillus hydrothermalis, both of which reclassified on the grounds or morphological, genomic and physiological differences to the newly designated genus Guyparkeria in 2017, as Guyparkeria halophila and Guyparkeria hydrothermalis.

Endorheic basin
An endorheic basin (/ˌɛndoʊˈriː.ɪk/ EN-doh-REE-ik; also endoreic basin and endorreic basin) is a drainage basin that normally retains water and allows no outflow to other external bodies of water (such as rivers and oceans). Instead, the water drainage flows into permanent and seasonal lakes and swamps that equilibrate through evaporation. Endorheic basins are also called closed basins, terminal basins, and internal drainage systems.

Endorheic regions contrast with open lakes (exorheic regions), where surface waters eventually drain into the ocean. In general, water basins with subsurface outflows that lead to the ocean are not considered endorheic; but cryptorheic. Endorheic basins constitute local base levels, defining a limit of the erosion and deposition processes of nearby areas. Endorheic water bodies include the Caspian Sea, which is the world's largest inland body of water.
Command Training School
Command Training School of the Royal New Zealand Air Force is the unit responsible for training officer cadets.  Graduates are then commissioned as Officers on the completion of their Initial Officer Training Course.

Formerly located at RNZAF Base Wigram, CTS was relocated to RNZAF Base Woodbourne when Wigram was decommissioned in 1995.

Officer Cadets wear distinctive insignia on their uniforms. Their shoulder rank badge consists of a white band that takes up about half the slip-on rank slide. On their service uniform white square tabs are placed on the service uniform jacket collar. The flight cap bears a white flash, but the service hat is the same as that worn by commissioned officers.

Like the enlisted recruits at Command Recruit Training Squadron, CTS Officer Cadets do ten days in-field training at RNZAF Dip Flat.

Shoulder mark
A shoulder mark, also called a rank slide or slip-on, is a flat cloth sleeve worn on the shoulder strap of a uniform. It may bear rank or other insignia. A shoulder mark should not be confused with a shoulder board (an elaborate shoulder strap), a shoulder knot (a braided type of shoulder board), or an epaulette, although these terms are often used interchangeably.
IPv6 address
An Internet Protocol version 6 address (IPv6 address) is a numeric label that is used to identify and locate a network interface of a computer or a network node participating in a computer network using IPv6. IP addresses are included in the packet header to indicate the source and the destination of each packet. The IP address of the destination is used to make decisions about routing IP packets to other networks.

IPv6 is the successor to the first addressing infrastructure of the Internet, Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4). In contrast to IPv4, which defined an IP address as a 32-bit value, IPv6 addresses have a size of 128 bits. Therefore, in comparison, IPv6 has a vastly enlarged address space.

Node (networking)
In networking, a node (Latin: nodus, 'knot') is either a redistribution point or a communication endpoint within telecommunication networks or computer networks.

A physical network node is an electronic device that is attached to a network, and is capable of creating, receiving, or transmitting information over a communication channel. In data communication, a physical network node may either be data communication equipment (such as a modem, hub, bridge or switch) or data terminal equipment (such as a digital telephone handset, a printer or a host computer).

A passive distribution point, such as a distribution frame or patch panel is not considered to be a node.
Mario Sznaier
Mario Sznaier is a Uruguayan-born electrical engineer and control theorist who holds the Dennis Picard Trustee Professorship in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Northeastern University. His research spans robust control, system identification, semi-algebraic optimization, dynamics-enabled machine learning, and dynamic computer vision. He is a Fellow of the IEEE and a recipient of the IEEE Control Systems Society Distinguished Member Award.

System identification
The field of system identification uses statistical methods to build mathematical models of dynamical systems from measured data. System identification also includes the optimal design of experiments for efficiently generating informative data for fitting such models as well as model reduction. A common approach is to start from measurements of the behavior of the system and the external influences (inputs to the system) and try to determine a mathematical relation between them without going into many details of what is actually happening inside the system; this approach is called black box system identification.
1973–74 Nationalliga A
The following is the summary of the Swiss National League in the 1973–74 football season, both Nationalliga A and Nationalliga B. This was the 77th season of top-tier and the 76th season of second-tier football in Switzerland.

Swiss Super League
The Super League (also known as the Brack Super League for sponsorship reasons) is a professional association football league in Switzerland and the highest level of the Swiss football league system. It has been played in its current format since the 2003–04 season. The Swiss Super League is ranked 16th in Europe according to UEFA's ranking of league coefficients, which is based upon Swiss team performances in European competitions. The 2025–26 season is the 129th season of the Swiss top-flight, making it the longest continuously running top-flight national league.
Borne, Bihar
Borne is a village in the state of Bihar, India. It is located on the eastern part of Khagaria District, approximately 24 kilometres east of Khagaria, the seat of the district government. It had a population of 34,026 by 2011.

Khagaria district
Khagaria district is an administrative district in the state of Bihar in India. The district headquarters are located at Khagaria. Earlier it was a part of Munger District as a sub-division that was created in 1943–44. It was upgraded to the status of a district on 10 May 1981. Khagaria district is a part of Munger Division.

The present collector and District Magistrate of Khagaria is Amit Kumar Pandey, IAS and the current S.P. of Khagaria is Chandan Kumar Kushwaha, IPS.
Dielectric reluctance
Dielectric reluctance is a scalar measurement of a passive dielectric circuit (or element within that circuit) dependent on voltage and electric induction flux, and this is determined by deriving the ratio of their amplitudes. The units of dielectric reluctance are F−1 (inverse farads—see daraf) [Ref. 1-3].

As seen above, dielectric reluctance is represented as lowercase z epsilon.

For a dielectric in a dielectric circuit to have no energy losses, the imaginary part of its dielectric reluctance is zero. This constitutes a lossless "resistance" to electric induction flux, and is therefore real, not complex. This formality is similar to Ohm's law for a resistive circuit. In dielectric circuits, a dielectric material has a "lossless" dielectric reluctance equal to:

Where:

is the circuit length

is the cross-section of the circuit element

is the dielectric permeability

Amplitude
The amplitude of a periodic variable is a measure of its change in a single period (such as time or spatial period). The amplitude of a non-periodic signal is its magnitude compared with a reference value. There are various definitions of amplitude (see below), which are all functions of the magnitude of the differences between the variable's extreme values. In older texts, the phase of a periodic function is sometimes called the amplitude.
Lexus UX
The Lexus UX (Japanese: レクサス・UX, Hepburn: Rekusasu UX) is a subcompact luxury crossover SUV from Lexus, a luxury division of Toyota. It was introduced at the March 2018 Geneva Motor Show as the smallest crossover model in Lexus' lineup prior to the introduction of LBX in 2023; since 2024, it is currently slotted between the smaller LBX and the larger NX. It is also the first Lexus model based on the same GA-C platform as the E210 series Toyota Corolla. The "UX" name stands for "Urban Explorer".

Prior to the 2022 facelift for the 2023 model year, the UX came equipped with Lexus Safety System+ 2.0 as standard equipment, after which the standard equipment was upgraded to Lexus Safety System+ 2.5.

Front-wheel drive
Front-wheel drive (FWD) is a form of engine and transmission layout used in motor vehicles, in which the engine drives the front wheels only. Most modern front-wheel-drive vehicles feature a transverse engine, rather than the conventional longitudinal engine arrangement generally found in rear-wheel-drive and four-wheel-drive vehicles.
Pietroșani, Argeș
Pietroșani is a commune in Argeș County, Muntenia, Romania. It is composed of five villages: Bădești, Gănești, Pietroșani, Retevoiești, and Vărzăroaia.

The commune is situated in the southern foothills of the Făgăraș Mountains, at an altitude of 442 m (1,450 ft), on the banks of  Râul Doamnei and its right tributary, Valea Ruzii. It is located in the central-north part of Argeș County, 28 km (17 mi) southwest of Câmpulung and 38 km (24 mi) north of the county seat, Pitești.

Pietroșani is crossed by county road DJ731, which connects it to the north with Domnești, Corbi, and Nucșoara, and to the south with Coșești and Dârmănești, where it ends in DN73.

DN73
DN73 (Romanian: Drumul Național 73) is a national road in Romania which links Pitești with Brașov. It is a high-traffic road and the preferred route for trucks. Near Câmpulung the road crosses the Southern Carpathians along the Dâmbovița River. The road crosses several tourist-stop villages, such as Rucăr, Dâmbovicioara, and Bran.
University Hall (Lincoln, Illinois)
University Hall is a building on the campus of Lincoln College in Lincoln. Built from 1865 to 1866, the building was the first constructed on the campus of the college, then known as Lincoln University. The college was founded by the Cumberland Presbyterian Church and was at the time one of the few religiously affiliated schools in the North. University Hall was designed in a Tuscan-influenced Italianate style and features a four-sided cupola and a cornice with dentils and corbels. Until the college's closure in May 2022, the building housed the school's administrative offices.  Since the closure, the building houses the liquidation office.

University Hall was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 24, 1973.

Lincoln, Illinois
Lincoln is a city in and the county seat of Logan County, Illinois, United States. First settled in the 1830s, it is the only town in the U.S. that was named for Abraham Lincoln before he became president; as a lawyer, he pled cases in courtrooms there from 1847 to 1859. Lincoln is home to two prisons. It is also the home of the world's largest covered wagon and numerous other historical sites along the Route 66 corridor. There is also a National Weather Service Forecast Office in Lincoln.

The population was 13,288 at the 2020 census.
Bertrand Township, Michigan
Bertrand Charter Township is a charter township of Berrien County in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the township population was 2,611.

Bertrand Charter Township was established in 1836, and named for Joseph Bertrand, a pioneer citizen.

Niles, Michigan
Niles is a city in Berrien and Cass counties in the U.S. state of Michigan, near the Indiana state line city of South Bend. The population was 11,988 according to the 2020 census. It is the larger, by population, of the two principal cities in the Niles-Benton Harbor metropolitan area, an area with 153,797 people.
Dacia Sandero
The Dacia Sandero is a subcompact car/supermini (B-segment) car produced and marketed jointly by the French manufacturer Renault and its Romanian subsidiary Dacia since 2007, currently at its third generation. It has been also marketed as the Renault Sandero in certain markets, such as Russia, Latin America, Iran, Egypt, and Sub-Saharan Africa. Dacia Sandero has been Europe's best selling car several years in a row.

B-segment
The B-segment is the second smallest of the European segments for passenger cars between the A-segment and C-segment, and commonly described as "small cars". The B-segment is the third largest segment in Europe by sales volume, accounting for 15.5% percent of total car sales in 2024 according to JATO Dynamics. B-segment cars include hatchback, saloon, estate, coupe/convertible, MPV, and crossover/SUV body styles.

The B-segment is considered as the European equivalent to the subcompact category widely known in North America, the A0-class in China, and the supermini category for B-segment hatchbacks in Great Britain.
Pakistan–United States relations
Pakistan and the United States established relations on 15 August 1947, a day after the independence of Pakistan, when the United States became one of the first nations to recognise the country.

The relationship between the two nations has been described as a "roller coaster" characterised by close coordination and lows marked by deep bilateral estrangement. Despite its troubled history, the Pakistani military once occupied an important place in American geopolitical strategy, and has been a major non-NATO ally since 2002. After Pakistan's participation in the Afghan peace process and the Taliban takeover in Afghanistan in 2021, a sizeable number of US policy makers are revisiting the United States' relations with Pakistan. At the same time, the strategic convergence of the United States and India has also brought greater pressure on Pakistani diplomacy.

Fazlullah Hayat
Fazlullah Hayat (1974 – 15 June 2018) was an Islamist jihadist militant who served as the third emir of Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) from 2013 until his death in 2018. He was also the leader of the Tehreek-e-Nafaz-e-Shariat-e-Mohammadi. He became the emir of the TTP in 2013, and presided over the descent of the group into factions who are often at conflict with each other.

Fazlullah was designated by the Al-Qaida and Taliban Sanctions Committee of the UN Security Council in 2015, and was added to the U.S. State Department's Rewards for Justice wanted list on 7 March 2018. Fazlullah was killed in June 2018 by a U.S. drone strike in Kunar, Afghanistan.
Sony α Carl Zeiss Vario-Sonnar T* DT 16-80mm f/3.5-4.5 ZA
The Vario-Sonnar T* DT 16–80 mm f/3.5-4.5 ZA (SAL-1680Z) is a high-quality zoom lens compatible with cameras using the Sony α, and Minolta AF lens mounts. It was designed and is manufactured by Sony in Japan in collaboration with Carl Zeiss.

The lens is designed specifically for use with APS-C sized image sensors, and thus will result in vignetting on 35 mm (full frame) cameras.  When the 1.5× crop factor of current Sony digital single-lens reflex cameras is considered, the lens has an effective equivalent 24–120 mm focal length.

Carl Zeiss
Carl Zeiss (German: [kaʁl ˈtsaɪs]; 11 September 1816 – 3 December 1888) was a German scientific instrument maker, optician and businessman. In 1846 he founded his workshop, which is still in business as Zeiss. Zeiss gathered a group of gifted practical and theoretical opticians and glass makers to reshape most aspects of optical instrument production. His collaboration with Ernst Abbe revolutionized optical theory and practical design of microscopes. Their quest to extend these advances brought Otto Schott into the enterprises to revolutionize optical glass manufacture. The firm of Carl Zeiss grew to one of the largest and most respected optical firms in the world.
Fleetwood Country Cruize-In
Fleetwood Country Cruize-In is one of North America's largest outdoor carshows.  The car show takes place in London, Ontario at a private estate owned by Steve Plunkett, a local philanthropist and classic car junkie.

Fleetwood Country Cruize-In has had several celebrity appearances a part of the event; including, Adam West and Julie Newmar arriving on the Batcopter, an American Graffiti reunion, George Barris - a notable auto customizer, Lou Christie, Tommy James and the Shondells, Martha Reeves and the Vandellas, Little Anthony and the Imperials, Peter Noone, Frankie Avalon, Bobby Rydell, and more.

The car show was also featured on 'Car Crazy' in 2009, hosted by Barry Meguiar.

Frankie Avalon
Francis Thomas Avallone  (born September 18, 1940), known professionally as Frankie Avalon, is an American singer, actor and former teen idol. He had 31 charting U.S. Billboard singles from 1958 to late 1962, including number one hits, "Venus" in 1959 and "Why" in 1960.

Avalon started appearing in films in the 1960s; he is well-known for having appeared in the Beach party films of this decade and for supporting roles in the 1960 western The Alamo and in the 1978 musical film Grease. In the latter film, he sings the song "Beauty School Dropout".
Moollawoolka, New South Wales
Moollawoolka is a rural locality and a civil parish of Killara County, in New South Wales

The parish has a Köppen climate classification of BSh (Hot semi-desert).

Moolawoolka is on the Paroo River at 30°33′23″S 143°52′38″E which is between Paroo-Darling National Park and Nocoleche Nature Reserve. The Paroo River represents an oasis in the otherwise arid and featureless landscape of the northwest New South Wales and the area has been declared an important Ramsar Site.

The main geographic features of the parish are Tongo Lake and the Paroo River, and the parish is near the Norma Downs Cattle Station. The nearest town is Wilcannia, New South Wales.

Ramsar site
A Ramsar site is a wetland site designated to be of international importance under the Ramsar Convention, also known as "The Convention on Wetlands",  an international environmental treaty signed on 2 February 1971 in Ramsar, Iran, under the auspices of UNESCO. It came into force on 21 December 1975, when it was ratified by a sufficient number of nations. It provides for national action and international cooperation regarding the conservation of wetlands, and wise sustainable use of their resources. Ramsar treaty participants meet regularly to identify and agree to protect "Wetlands of International Importance", especially those providing waterfowl habitat.

As of January 2026, there are 2,520 Ramsar sites around the world, which protect 253,075,668 hectares (625,363,590 acres), and 172 national governments participate in the convention.
Force ennemie
Force ennemie (1903; English: Enemy Force) is a novel by French author John Antoine Nau. It won the inaugural Prix Goncourt in 1903. The novel describes life inside an asylum and gives insight into the insane mind.

Lunatic asylum
The lunatic asylum, insane asylum or mental asylum was an institution where people with mental illness were confined. It was an early precursor of the modern psychiatric hospital.

Modern psychiatric hospitals evolved from and eventually replaced the older lunatic asylum. The treatment of inmates in early lunatic asylums was sometimes brutal and focused on containment and restraint. The discovery of anti-psychotic drugs and mood-stabilizing drugs resulted in a shift in focus from containment in lunatic asylums to treatment in psychiatric hospitals. Later, there was further and more thorough critique in the form of the deinstitutionalization movement which focuses on treatment at home or in less isolated institutions.

Whilst it was used in the past, modern and more humane areas have been developed as opposed to the unorthodox methods of isolation and questionable therapies used in Lunatic (insane) asylum(s).
Dr. Leonard Hall House
The Dr. Leonard Hall House was a private resident located at 334 West Main Street (M-34) in Hudson in westernmost Lenawee County, Michigan.  It was designated as a Michigan Historic Site on April 4, 1978, and later added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 2, 1978.

M-34 (Michigan highway)
M-34 is an east–west state trunkline highway in the southeastern region of the US state of Michigan. It has a western terminus near Osseo on M-99 and runs through forest and farm lands to its eastern terminus at Business US Highway 223 (BUS US 223) and M-52 in Adrian. The highway serves a number of smaller communities in the area and intersects two US Highways while carrying between 4,200 and 11,300 vehicles on a daily basis.

M-34 was designated and signed with the beginning of the state highway system around July 1, 1919, along a route that extended to either end of its current routing. These western and eastern extensions were added to other highways during the 1920s, shortening M-34 to roughly its current length. A few more changes were made in the mid-1950s and 1960s resulting in the modern routing. M-34 has a short, unsigned sibling, Connector 34, which is better known as Industrial Drive in the Adrian area.