hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nauru at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Nauru competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, which was held from 27 July to 12 August 2012. The country's participation at London marked its fifth appearance in the Summer Olympics since its debut at the 1996 Summer Olympics. The delegation consisted of two participants: Sled Dowabobo in the men's (73 kilogram) lightweight judo contest and Itte Detenamo in the men's (105 kilogram) super-heavyweight weightlifting competition. Dowabobo qualified as one of Oceania's highest ranked judo competitors while Detenamo made the Games based on his qualifying performance. Detenamo was the flag bearer for both the opening and closing ceremonies. Dowabobo was eliminated by his opponent Navruz Jurakobilov in the round of 64 and Detemano was 14th in his event.

Standard-bearer
A standard-bearer, also known as a colour-bearer or flag-bearer, is a person who bears an emblem known as a standard or military colours, i.e. either a type of flag or an inflexible but mobile image, which is used (and often honoured) as a formal, visual symbol of a state, prince, military unit, etc. This can either be an occasional duty, often seen as an honour (especially on parade), or a permanent charge (also on the battlefield); the second type has even led in certain cases to this task being reflected in official rank titles such as Chorąży, Ensign, Cornet, Fähnrich and Alferes/Alférez.
Pac-12 Conference baseball awards
At the end of each regular season, the Pac-12 Conference names major award winners in baseball. Currently, it names a Coach, Pitcher, Player, and Newcomer of the Year. The Coach and Player awards date to 1978. From 1978 to 1998, separate awards in both three categories were given in the North and South Divisions. The Pitcher and Newcomer awards were added later.

Through the end of the 2014 season, Arizona State has won 31 major awards, the most of any program. Three other schools have won at least twenty: Oregon State (25), Stanford (22), and USC (20).

Oregon State Beavers baseball
The Oregon State Beavers baseball team represents Oregon State University in NCAA Division I college baseball. The team participates as an Independent, since the Pac-12 Conference's dissolution in 2024. They are currently coached by Mitch Canham and assistant coaches Ryan Gipson, Darwin Barney and Rich Dorman. They play home games in Goss Stadium at Coleman Field. The Beavers won  the 2006, 2007 and 2018 College World Series to become the winningest collegiate baseball program in the Super Regionals era. In addition, the program has won 26 conference championships, qualified for 23 NCAA tournaments, and appeared in eight College World Series.

With the Pac-12 baseball league ceasing to exist after the 2023-24 season, the Beavers will become a baseball Independent beginning in 2025.
Auxiliary routes of Arkansas Highway 7
Six auxiliary routes of Arkansas Highway 7 currently exist. Four are spur routes, one is a business route, and one is a truck route. They are listed below in south-to-north order.

One former alternate route existed in Dallas County, replaced by Highway 128 in 1937.

Russellville, Arkansas
Russellville is the county seat of and the largest city in Pope County, Arkansas, United States, with a 2025 estimated population of 30,971. It is home to Arkansas Tech University. Arkansas Nuclear One, Arkansas' only nuclear power plant, is nearby. Russellville borders Lake Dardanelle and the Arkansas River..

It is the principal city of the Russellville micropolitan statistical area, which includes all of Pope and Yell Counties. Under Arkansas Code Title 14, Russellville is a city of the first class.
1812 in New Zealand
With the outbreak of the War of 1812 between the United States and Great Britain American whalers are forced to avoid Port Jackson. However they still operate at various points around New Zealand including the Kermadec Islands as do the colonial vessels. Sealers are still operating mainly at Macquarie and Campbell Islands. Occasionally there are Māori in the crew. Timber ships are also visiting New Zealand.

Campbell Islands
The Campbell Islands (Motu Ihupuku or Campbell Island Group) are a group of subantarctic islands, belonging to New Zealand. They lie about 600 km south of Stewart Island.  The islands have a total area of 113 km2 (44 sq mi), consisting of one big island, Campbell Island, and several small islets, notably Dent Island, Isle de Jeanette Marie, Folly Island (or Folly Islands), Jacquemart Island, and Monowai Island (also known as Lion Rock). Ecologically, they are part of the Antipodes Subantarctic Islands tundra ecoregion.  The islands were gazetted as a nature reserve in 1954, and are one of five subantarctic island groups collectively designated as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO.
Ebrahim Karimabadi
Ebrahim Karimabadi (Persian: ابراهیم کریم‌آبادی) was an Iranian lawyer, journalist, and café owner.

He held a bachelor of law from University of Tehran and started his career in journalism in 1946. He owned a daily called Asnaf (lit. 'Guilds') and served as the director of another daily, Mashrutiyat (lit. 'Constitutionalism'). Karimabadi was head of the cafee- and teahouse owners' guild, and mobilized them in support of the government of Mohammad Mosaddegh. Along with Mohammad-Hassan Shamshiri, he was among the major bazaari leaders in the National Front.

Governments of Mohammad Mosaddegh
The premiership of Mohammad Mosaddegh began when his first government was formed on 28 April 1951 and ended on 19 August 1953, when his second government was overthrown by the American–British backed coup d'état. During the time, the two cabinets of Mosaddegh took control except for a brief period between 16 and 21 July 1952, in which Ahmad Qavam was the Prime Minister, taking office due to resignation of Mosaddegh from premiership and deposed by Shah after five days of mass demonstrations.
2022 Hamburg European Open – Women's singles
Bernarda Pera defeated Anett Kontaveit in the final, 6–2, 6–4 to win the women's singles tennis title at the 2022 Hamburg European Open. It was her second WTA Tour title in as many weeks, and she neither dropped a set nor lost more than four games in any set en route to the title.

Elena-Gabriela Ruse was the defending champion, but lost in the first round to Pera.

Alexandra Cadanțu-Ignatik
Alexandra Cadanțu-Ignatik (née Cadanțu; born 3 May 1990) is a Romanian former professional tennis player.

On 6 January 2014, she reached her career-high singles ranking of world No. 59. Her best doubles ranking by the WTA is No. 101, achieved on 11 June 2012.

At Grand Slam tournaments, Cadanțu-Ignatik won only one (main-draw) match, at the 2013 Wimbledon Championships. Usually, she was playing on the ITF Circuit.

In July 2021, Alexandra changed her name to Cadanțu-Ignatik, after marrying fellow tennis player Uladzimir Ignatik.
Virginia Board of Public Works
The Virginia Board of Public Works was a governmental agency which oversaw and helped finance the development of Virginia's transportation-related internal improvements during the 19th century. In that era, it was customary to invest public funds in private companies, which were the forerunners of the public service and utility companies of modern times. The state often invested in up to 40% of the stock to build turnpikes, toll bridges, canals, and water and rail transportation enterprises. A January 2, 1822, House Report from the Committee on Roads and Canals noted that

Virginia, in 1816, enacted a law, creating a board of public works, with power to appoint engineers and surveyors, and, also, creating a fund, to be applied exclusively to the rendering navigable, and uniting by canals, the principal rivers, and more intimately connecting, by means of public highways, the different parts of the commonwealth.

Internal improvements
Internal improvements is the term used historically in the United States for public works from the end of the American Revolution through much of the 19th century, mainly for the creation of a transportation infrastructure: roads, turnpikes, canals, harbors and navigation improvements. This older term carries the connotation of a political movement that called for the exercise of public spirit as well as the search for immediate economic gain. Improving the country's natural advantages by developments in transportation was, in the eyes of George Washington and many others, a duty incumbent both on governments and on individual citizens.
Pacific Gas & Electric Building
The Pacific Gas & Electric Building is a steel frame 150 m (490 ft) skyscraper located at 77 Beale Street (at Mission) in the financial district of San Francisco, California. Completed in 1971, the 34-story building was formerly the headquarters for Pacific Gas and Electric Company, the main utility provider for Northern California and parts of Southern California, and has been host to a nesting pair of peregrine falcons since 1987.

Utility
In economics, utility is a measure of a certain person's satisfaction from a certain state of the world. Over time, the term has been used with at least two meanings.

In a normative context, utility refers to a goal or objective that we wish to maximize, i.e., an objective function. This kind of utility bears a closer resemblance to the original utilitarian concept, developed by moral philosophers such as Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill.

In a descriptive context, the term refers to an apparent objective function; such a function is revealed by a person's behavior, and specifically by their preferences over lotteries, which can be any quantified choice.

The relationship between these two kinds of utility functions has been a source of controversy among both economists and ethicists, with most maintaining that the two are distinct but generally related.
Wayne Robinson (basketball)
For the American NFL player, see Wayne Robinson.

Wayne Howard Robinson (born April 19, 1958) is an American former basketball player. He was a 6'8", 217 lb power forward. He played one season in the National Basketball Association (NBA) with the Detroit Pistons (1980–81). He played college basketball for the Virginia Tech Hokies.

Virginia Tech Hokies men's basketball
The Virginia Tech Hokies men's basketball team is an NCAA Division I college basketball team competing in the Atlantic Coast Conference. Home games are played at Cassell Coliseum, located on Virginia Tech's campus in Blacksburg, Virginia.

The Hokies have made the NCAA tournament 13 times, the most recent appearance coming in 2022. They have reached the Sweet Sixteen twice, in 1967 and 2019. They advanced to the Elite Eight once, in 1967.

The Hokies won the ACC Tournament title in 2022, the Metro Conference tournament title in 1979, the Southern Conference regular season championship in 1959–60, and two National Invitation Tournament titles in 1973 and 1995.
Give-and-go
A give-and-go, or one-two, is a fundamental maneuver in many team sports which involves two players passing the ball or puck back and forth.  The player who has the ball or puck passes to a teammate and then repositions in order to receive a return pass and possibly create a scoring opportunity.

Hockey puck
A hockey puck is either an open or closed disk used in a variety of sports and games. There are designs made for use on an ice surface, such as in ice hockey, and others for the different variants of floor hockey which includes the wheeled skate variant of inline hockey (a.k.a. roller hockey). They are all designed to serve the same function a ball does in ball games.

A closed disk hockey puck having the shape of a short cylinder made of vulcanized rubber is used in the sport of ice hockey. Hockey pucks are designed for use on either an ice surface, dry floor, or underwater, though open disk designs have only been used on floors.

Open disk hockey pucks have a hole, forming the shape of a toroid, for use in a particular style of floor hockey. They should not be confused with ringette rings, which are toruses, for use in the sport of ringette.
Huang Sheng-hsiung
Huang Sheng-hsiung (born 3 December 1990) is a Taiwanese baseball pitcher. He was drafted by the EDA Rhinos with the third overall pick in the 2013 CPBL draft.

Huang represented Taiwan at the 2012 Haarlem Baseball Week, 2014 Haarlem Baseball Week, 2012 Italian Baseball Week, 2013 East Asian Games and 2017 World Baseball Classic.

Fubon Guardians
The Fubon Guardians (Chinese: 富邦悍將) are a professional baseball team in the Chinese Professional Baseball League (CPBL) in Taiwan. The team is owned by Fubon Financial Holding Co. and play their home games at Xinzhuang Baseball Stadium in New Taipei City. The team has had the Guardians name since 2017, with the franchise previously known as the Jungo Bears, Sinon Bulls, and EDA Rhinos.
Joseph Maréchal
Joseph Maréchal, SJ (French: [maʁeʃal]; 1 July 1878 – 11 December 1944) was a Belgian Jesuit priest, philosopher, theologian and psychologist. He taught at the Higher Institute of Philosophy of the University of Leuven and was the founder of the school of thought called transcendental Thomism, which attempted to merge the theological and philosophical thought of St. Thomas Aquinas with that of Immanuel Kant.

Catholic University of Leuven (1834–1968)
The Catholic University of Leuven or Louvain (French: Université catholique de Louvain, Dutch: Katholieke Hogeschool te Leuven, later Katholieke Universiteit te Leuven) was founded in 1834 in Mechelen as the Catholic University of Belgium, and moved its seat to the town of Leuven in 1835, changing its name to Catholic University of Leuven. In 1968, it was split into two universities, the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven and the Université catholique de Louvain, following tensions between the Dutch and French-speaking student bodies.
Heroes of Remix
Heroes of Remix (Chinese: 盖世英雄), or simply The Remix, is a Chinese sing and dance reality television competition on Jiangsu Television. The show first aired on June 19, 2016, and it is hosted by Li Hao (李好). The mentors of the show include Psy, Leehom Wang, Harlem Yu, and Phoenix Legend.

Psy
Park Jae-sang (Korean: 박재상; pronounced [pɐk̚.t͡ɕεsɐŋ]; born December 31, 1977), better known as Psy (/ˈsaɪ/ SY; 싸이), is a South Korean rapper, singer, songwriter, and record producer. He has received numerous accolades, including an American Music Award, a World Music Award, 10 MAMA Awards. He is the founder of the talent agency P Nation.

After releasing his debut studio album Psy from the Psycho World! (2001), Psy gained international prominence 11 years later with the hit singles "Gangnam Style" and "Gentleman", both of which reached the top 10 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100. "Gangnam Style" was a global viral phenomenon upon its release, with its music video becoming the first YouTube video to reach 1 billion views and holding the record for most-viewed YouTube video from November 2012 to July 2017. In addition, the music video for "Gentleman" broke the record for most YouTube views in the first 24 hours.

He is a recipient of the Okgwan (4th Class) Order of Cultural Merit.
Walter Cooper (Queensland politician)
Sir Walter Jackson Cooper, MBE (23 April 1888 – 22 July 1973) was an Australian politician who served as a Senator for Queensland for over 36 years. He served in the Senate from 1928 to 1932 and 1935 to 1968, representing the Country Party. He was also Minister for Repatriation in the Menzies government from 1949 to 1960.

Menzies government (1949–1966)
The Menzies government (1949–1966) refers to the second period of federal executive government of Australia led by Prime Minister Robert Menzies. It was made up of members of a Liberal–Country Party coalition in the Australian Parliament from 1949 to 1966. Menzies led the Liberal–Country Coalition to election victories in 1949, 1951, 1954, 1955, 1958, 1961 and 1963. Robert Menzies was Australia's longest serving prime minister. He had served a previous term as prime minister as leader of the United Australia Party from 1939 to 1941. Although he would retire in 1966, his party would remain in office until 1972, an unprecedented 23 years of government from nine consecutive election victories.
Frank J. Lonergan
Frank Lonergan was a Republican politician in the U.S. state of Oregon. A longtime member of the Oregon House of Representatives, he served as speaker for the 1931 regular session of the state legislature. He became a judge in Multnomah County in 1945 He notably oversaw the conviction of district attorney William Langley for failure to prosecute gambling, and ordered him removed from office.

In 1943, in Boston, he was elected the Grand Exalted Ruler of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks.

Lonergan was born in Polo, Illinois, the ninth of 10 children. He was a football star, team captain, and class president at Notre Dame University. He moved to Portland to accept a job offer by telegram, to teach and coach at the University of Portland (then known as Columbia University).

University of Portland
The University of Portland (UP) is a private Catholic university in Portland, Oregon, United States. It was founded in 1901 and is affiliated with the Congregation of Holy Cross, which also founded UP's sister school, the University of Notre Dame. UP enrolls approximately 3,700 students.

The campus is in the University Park neighborhood near St. Johns, on a bluff overlooking the Willamette River. With a college of arts and sciences, a graduate school, and schools of business, education, engineering, and nursing and health innovations, it is Oregon's only comprehensive Catholic university. UP is North Portland's largest corporation and has an annual economic impact on Portland of $170 million. More than 17,000 alumni live in the Portland metropolitan area.
Arend Joan Rutgers
Arend Joan Rutgers (20 October 1903 – 2 September 1998) was a Dutch-Belgian physical chemist.

Arend Joan Rutgers went to high school in Almelo, after which he studied chemistry at the University of Amsterdam. He later obtained his master's degree in 1926 he went to Leiden, where he studied theoretical physics under Paul Ehrenfest. In 1930, he obtained his Ph.D. from the University of Leiden and completed a thesis titled "Bijdrage tot de theorie der thermoelectriciteit in kristallen." (Contribution to the theory of thermo-electricity in crystals). In 1931, he returned to Amsterdam and worked as a research assistant.

In 1933, he became a lecturer at Ghent University in Belgium. In 1938, he was promoted to full professor, and he remained in Ghent until his retirement in 1974. Most of his scientific research was on colloids and surface chemistry, focussing on electrokinetics.

Rutgers was elected a correspondent of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1948.

Electrokinetic phenomena
Electrokinetic phenomena are a family of several different effects that occur in heterogeneous fluids, or in porous bodies filled with fluid, or in a fast flow over a flat surface. The term heterogeneous here means a fluid containing particles. Particles can be solid, liquid or gas bubbles with sizes on the scale of a micrometer or nanometer. There is a common source of all these effects—the so-called interfacial 'double layer' of charges. Influence of an external force on the diffuse layer generates tangential motion of a fluid with respect to an adjacent charged surface. This force might be electric, pressure gradient, concentration gradient, or gravity. In addition, the moving phase might be either continuous fluid or dispersed phase.
Samsung Galaxy F series
The Samsung Galaxy F series is a line of entry-level and mid-range Android-based smartphones manufactured, marketed and developed by Samsung Electronics as part of their Galaxy line. The first model released in the series was the Samsung Galaxy F41, which was launched on October 8, 2020. The line is sold exclusively in India, Bangladesh and China. In India, the series consists of rebranded Galaxy M models sold exclusively for the Indian market through Flipkart.

Flipkart
Flipkart Inc. is an Indian e-commerce company, headquartered in Bengaluru, and incorporated in Singapore as a private limited company. The company initially focused on online book sales before expanding into other product categories such as consumer electronics, fashion, home essentials, groceries, and lifestyle products. In 2025, the company shifted domicile from Singapore to India.

The service competes primarily with Amazon India and domestic rival Snapdeal. As of FY23, Flipkart held a 48% market share in the Indian e-commerce industry. Flipkart has a dominant position in the apparel segment, bolstered by its acquisition of Myntra, and was described as being "neck and neck" with Amazon in the sale of electronics and mobile phones.
Intensive care medicine
Intensive care medicine, usually called critical care medicine, is a medical specialty that deals with seriously or critically ill patients who have, are at risk of, or are recovering from conditions that may be life-threatening. It includes providing life support, invasive monitoring techniques, resuscitation, and end-of-life care. Doctors in this specialty are often called intensive care physicians, critical care physicians, or intensivists.

Intensive care relies on multidisciplinary teams composed of many different health professionals. Such teams often include doctors, nurses, physical therapists, respiratory therapists, and pharmacists, among others. They usually work together in intensive care units (ICUs) within a hospital.

End-of-life care
End-of-life care is health care provided in the time leading up to a person's death. End-of-life care can be provided in the hours, days, or months before a person dies and encompasses care and support for a person's mental and emotional needs, physical comfort, spiritual needs, and practical tasks.

End-of-life care is most commonly provided at home, in the hospital, or in a long-term care facility with care being provided by family members, nurses, social workers, physicians, and other support staff. Facilities may also have palliative or hospice care teams that will provide end-of-life care services.  Decisions about end-of-life care are often informed by medical, financial and ethical considerations.

In most developed countries, medical spending on people in the last twelve months of life makes up roughly 10% of total aggregate medical spending, while those in the last three years of life can cost up to 25%.
Belvidere, Vermont
Belvidere is a town in Lamoille County, Vermont, United States. The population was 358 at the 2020 census. Belvidere contains the hamlets of Belvidere Center, Belvidere Corners and Belvidere Junction. In 1963, part of Averys Gore in Franklin County became part of Belvidere, while the other part became part of Montgomery.

Franklin County, Vermont
Franklin County is a county located in the U.S. state of Vermont. As of the 2020 census, the population was 49,946. Its county seat is the city of St. Albans. It borders the Canadian province of Quebec. The county was created in 1792 and organized in 1796. Franklin County is part of the Burlington metropolitan area.
Tsunomori Station
Tsunomori Station (津ノ森駅, Tsunomori-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the city of Matsue, Shimane Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by the private transportation company,  Ichibata Electric Railway..

Ichibata Electric Railway
Ichibata Electric Railway Co., Ltd. is the name of two related, yet different companies in Shimane Prefecture, Japan. Ichibata Denki Tetsudō Kabushiki-gaisha (一畑電気鉄道株式会社) was a railway operator until 2006, when it became a holding company of the Ichibata Group, spinning off its railway division to its newly founded Ichibata Densha Kabushiki-gaisha (一畑電車株式会社). Although the two companies have different names in Japanese, in English they are referred to by the English name of their parent holding company.

The company name is often shortened to Bataden.