hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Treason Act 1535
The Treason Act 1535 or Forging the Sign-manual, etc. Act 1535 (27 Hen. 8. c. 2) was an act passed by the English Parliament during the reign of King Henry VIII of England in 1535.

It made it high treason to counterfeit the Privy Seal, Signet or royal sign-manual.

Royal sign-manual
The royal sign-manual is the signature of the sovereign, by the affixing of which the monarch expresses their pleasure either by order, commission, or warrant. A sign-manual warrant may be either an executive act (for example, an appointment to an office), or an authority for affixing the Great Seal of the pertinent realm. The sign-manual is also used to give power to make and ratify treaties. Sign manual, with or without hyphen, is an old term for a handwritten signature in general. It is also referred to as sign manual and signet.
Sree Chitra Art Gallery
Sree Chitra Art Gallery is an art gallery in Thiruvananthapuram, India, established in 1935.  It is located in the northern grounds of the Napier Museum. It was inaugurated by Chithira Thirunal Balarama Varma. The gallery features a unique collection of traditional and contemporary paintings, including the works of Raja Ravi Varma, Nicholas Roerich, Svetoslav Roerich, Jamini Roy, Rabindranath Tagore, V. S. Valiathan, C. Raja Raja Varma, and K. C. S. Paniker.   There are approximately 1100 paintings at the gallery.

Raja Ravi Varma
Raja Ravi Varma (Malayalam: [rajaː ravi varma(ː)ɐ]) (29 April 1848 – 2 October 1906) was an Indian painter. His works are one of the best examples of the fusion of European academic art with a purely Indian sensibility and iconography. He greatly enhanced his reach and influence as a painter and public figure by making affordable lithographs of his paintings available to the public. His lithographs increased the involvement of common people with fine arts and defined artistic tastes. Furthermore, his religious depictions of Hindu deities and works from Indian epic poetry and Puranas have received critical acclaim. He was part of the royal family of Parappanad, Malappuram district.

Raja Ravi Varma was closely related to the royal family of Travancore of present-day Kerala state in India. Later in his life, two of his granddaughters were adopted into the royal family.
I Saw the Sun
I Saw the Sun (Turkish: Güneşi Gördüm) is a 2009 Turkish drama film, written and directed by Mahsun Kırmızıgül, which tells of a Kurdish family who are forced from their village in southeastern Turkey by the conflict there. The film, which was released on 13 March 2009 (2009-03-13), was one of the highest grossing Turkish films of 2009, prompting its re-release on 18 September 2009 (2009-09-18). The film was Turkey's official submission for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film at the 82nd Academy Awards, but it was not nominated.

Kurdish population
The Kurdish population is estimated to be between 30 and 45 million. Most Kurdish people live in Kurdistan, which today is split between Iranian Kurdistan, Iraqi Kurdistan, Turkish Kurdistan, and Syrian Kurdistan.
Altunoluk
Altunoluk is a Turkish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Sevda Altunoluk (born 1994), Turkish Paralympian goalball player

Sevtap Altunoluk (born 1995), Turkish Paralympian goalball player

Sevda Altunoluk
Sevda Altunoluk (born 1 April 1994) is a Turkish Paralympian goalball player competing for Yenimahalle Belediyespor in Ankara.  She is a member of the national team, and was named several times as Top goalscorer. In 2021, she was named as one of the BBC's 100 Women.
Rajampalli
Rajampalli is a village in Darsi Mandal, Prakasam district. It is about 6 km (3.7 mi) from Mandala District. It is located at a distance of 56 km (35 mi) from the nearby town of Ongole. According to the 2011 Census of India, this village has a population of 970 and spread over 1289 hectares with a population of 3919. The number of men and women in this village were 2004 and 1915. The number of scheduled castes was 1830 while the scheduled tribes were 112.

Ongole
Ongole (Telugu pronunciation: [oŋɡoːlu]), natively known as Ongolu, is a city in Prakasam district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is the headquarters of Prakasam district. It is known for Ongole cattle, an indigenous breed of oxen.
V744 Centauri
V744 Centauri, is a semi-regular variable pulsating star in the constellation Centaurus. Located 3 degrees north north east of Epsilon Centauri, It ranges from apparent magnitude 5.1 to 6.7 over 90 days. It is unusual in that it is a red star with a high proper motion (greater than 50 milliarcseconds a year). When it is near its maximum brightness, it is visible to the naked eye under good observing conditions.

In 1964, Wolfgang Strohmeier et al. announced the discovery that the star is a variable star. It was given its variable star designation, V744 Centauri, in 1968.

Semiregular variable star
In astronomy, a semiregular variable star, a type of variable star, is a giant or supergiant of intermediate and late (cooler) spectral type. It shows considerable periodicity in its light changes, accompanied or sometimes interrupted by various irregularities. Periods lie in the range from 20 to more than 2000 days, while the shapes of the light curves may be rather different and variable with each cycle.  The amplitudes may be from several hundredths to several magnitudes (usually 1-2 magnitudes in the V filter).
Chiskal River
The Chiskal River is a tributary of the Bouleau River, flowing in the unorganized territory of Nipissis River, in the Sept-Rivières Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Côte-Nord, in the province of Quebec, Canada.

Estuary of St. Lawrence
The St. Lawrence River Estuary is an estuary at the mouth of the St. Lawrence River. It stretches 655 km from west to east, from the outlet of Lake Saint Pierre to Pointe-des-Monts, where it becomes the Gulf of St. Lawrence, in Quebec, Canada.

The estuary is divided into 3 parts: the fluvial estuary, the middle estuary and the maritime estuary.  The waters coming from the north shore of the St. Lawrence and Labrador come mainly from the Canadian Shield.

Among the deepest and largest estuaries in the world, the St. Lawrence maritime estuary extends nearly 250 km before it widens at Pointe-des-Monts into the Gulf of St. Lawrence. This enclosed sea is connected to the Atlantic Ocean by Cabot Strait and the Strait of Belle-Isle.
The Unquiet Sleep
The Unquiet Sleep is a 1962 suspense novel by British author William Haggard which was published in England by Cassell and in the United States by Ives Washburn. It is the 4th novel in a series of 21 books that involve urbane protagonist, Colonel Charles Russell. Russel is the head of the Security Executive, a government counterintelligence agency based on the actual MI5 or Security Service. He moves easily and gracefully along C. P. Snow's Corridors of Power in Whitehall. As in Haggard's earlier books, it has the standard elements of a suspense thriller along with detailed examinations of character, but with more scenes of direct action and somewhat less dissection of character and motivation from the first three books.

C. P. Snow
Charles Percy Snow, Baron Snow (15 October 1905 – 1 July 1980) was an English novelist and physical chemist who also served in several important positions in the British Civil Service and briefly in the UK government. He is best known for his series of novels known collectively as Strangers and Brothers, and for "The Two Cultures", a 1959 lecture in which he laments the gulf between scientists and "literary intellectuals".
Marvin McCoy
Marvin Anthony Michael McCoy (born 2 October 1988) is a semi-professional footballer who plays as a defender for Cray Wanderers. Born in England, he has represented Antigua and Barbuda internationally.

Middlesex Senior Cup
The Middlesex Senior Cup is the most prestigious football cup competition in the historic county of Middlesex, England. The competition is run mainly for non-League clubs in the region, although league clubs have been known to enter the competition, including Brentford, Barnet and Chelsea. In order to be eligible to play in the Middlesex Senior Cup, clubs have to play at step 5 or above of the National League System.
Geodesic circle
A geodesic circle is either "the locus on a surface at a constant geodesic distance from a fixed point" or a curve of constant geodesic curvature. 
A geodesic disk is the region on a surface bounded by a geodesic circle.
In contrast with the ordinary circle and disk, the geodesic circle is not necessarily a plane curve and the geodesic disk is not necessarily a planar surface.
They can be used to define Gaussian curvature.

Locus (mathematics)
In geometry, a locus (plural: loci) (Latin word for "place", "location") is a set of all points (commonly, a line, a line segment, a curve or a surface), whose location satisfies or is determined by one or more specified conditions.

The set of the points that satisfy some property is often called the locus of a point satisfying this property. The use of the singular in this formulation is a witness that, until the end of the 19th century, mathematicians did not consider infinite sets. Instead of viewing lines and curves as sets of points, they viewed them as places where a point may be located or may move.
Monty Lewis
Monty Lewis (born January 2, 1963) is an American football coach. He is the head football coach at Winfield High School in Winfield, Kansas. Lewis served as the head football coach at Southwestern College in Winfield, Kansas from 1993 to 2001 and Friends University in Wichita, Kansas from 2003 to 2016.

Friends University
Friends University is a private nondenominational Christian university in Wichita, Kansas, United States. It was founded in 1898. The main building was originally built in 1886 for Garfield University but was donated in 1898 to the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) by James Davis, a St. Louis business man. In the 1930s the leadership of the school was turned over to an independent board of trustees, with some representation of the Mid-America Yearly Meeting of Friends on the board. It operates today with "an amicable but independent relationship with the evangelical branch of the Society of Friends."
2020–21 Thai League 3 Northern Region
The 2020–21 Thai League 3 Northern region is a region in the regional stage of the 2020–21 Thai League 3. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the season must be postponed to start in late 2020 and end in early 2021. In addition, the Thai League 4 had combined with the Thai League 3 and compete as Thai League 3 since this season and there is no relegation in this season. A total of 11 teams located in Northern, Upper western, and Upper central of Thailand will compete in the league of the Northern region.

In late December 2020, COVID-19 had spread again in Thailand, the FA Thailand must abruptly end the regional stage of the Thai League 3. The second-placed and the third-placed of the Northern region have the similar points, so they must play-off to find a team to qualified to the national championship stage.

Northern Thailand
Northern Thailand, or more specifically Lan Na, is a region of Thailand. It is geographically characterized by several mountain ranges, which continue from the Shan Hills in neighboring Myanmar to Laos, and the river valleys that cut through them. Like most of Thailand, it has a tropical savanna climate, but its relatively high elevation and latitude contribute to more pronounced seasonal temperature variation, with cooler winters than the other regions.

Historically, northern Thailand has been linked to the Hariphunchai Kingdom, which emerged as a powerful state in the region in the 7th century. This kingdom was related to the Dvaravati that existed from the 6th to 11th centuries. The Hariphunchai culture later influenced the development of the Lanna Kingdom, which emerged in the 13th century and lasted until the 18th century.
Anthony Palfreman
Anthony Brian Palfreman (born 27 August 1946) is an English former first-class cricketer and cricket administrator.

Palfreman was born in the village of Ravenshead in Nottinghamshire. He was educated at Nottingham High School, before going up to Emmanuel College, Cambridge. While studying at Cambridge, Palfreman played first-class cricket as an all-rounder for Cambridge University in 1966–68, making sixteen appearances. As a batsman he scored 432 runs at an average of 15.42, with two half centuries and a high score of 67. As a right-arm fast-medium bowler, he took 31 wickets at a bowling average of 37.37, with one five wicket haul of 5 for 63 against Essex at Brentwood in 1966. In addition to playing cricket at Cambridge, he also played football for Cambridge University A.F.C., gaining a blue.

After graduating from Cambridge, Palfreman became a solicitor. He later served as the chairman of the Nottinghamshire Cricket Board.

Blue (university sport)
A blue is an award of sporting colours earned by athletes at some universities and schools for competition at the highest level. The awarding of blues began at Oxford and Cambridge universities in England. They are now awarded at a number of other British universities and at some universities in Australia and New Zealand.
Çukurçayır
Çukurçayır  is a neighbourhood of the municipality and district of Ortahisar, Trabzon Province, Turkey. Its population is 33,438 (2022). Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (belde). Çukurçayır is a southern suburb  of Trabzon, situated to the west of Turkish state highway D.885 which connects Trabzon to Gümüşhane, Maçka and Sumela Monastery. In 1995 it was declared a seat of township. According to mayor's page a monastery and a bridge are the historically important ruins of the town.

Sumela Monastery
Sumela Monastery (Greek: Μονή Παναγίας Σουμελά, Moní Panagías Soumelá; Turkish: Sümela Manastırı) is a museum and former Greek Orthodox monastery in the Pontic Mountains, in the Maçka district of Trabzon province, Turkey.

Nestled in a steep cliff at an elevation of about 1,200 metres (3,900 ft) facing the Altındere valley, it is a site of great historical and cultural significance, as well as a major tourist attraction within Altındere National Park. Previously, the monastery was closed to the public on September 22, 2015, for safety reasons due to an increase in rock falls, and it reopened to tourists on May 25, 2019. The monastery is one of the most important historic and touristic venues in Trabzon.
Gila Hot Springs, New Mexico
Gila Hot Springs is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Grant County, New Mexico, United States. It was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census.

The community is on the northern edge of Grant County, in the valley of the West Fork of the Gila River. It is bordered to the north by Catron County. New Mexico State Road 15 passes through the community, leading northwest 5 miles (8 km) to its terminus at Gila Cliff Dwellings National Monument and south 40 miles (64 km) to Silver City, the Grant county seat.

Silver City, New Mexico
Silver City is a town in Grant County, New Mexico, United States. It is the county seat and the home of Western New Mexico University. As of the 2010 census the population was 10,315. As of the 2020 census, the population was 9,704.
Rıdvan Akar
Rıdvan Akar (born 1961) is a Turkish journalist and author. He has contributed to Söz, Ekonomik Panorama, Tempo, Milliyet. He has been editor-in-chief of the news programme 32. Gün (CNN Turk / Kanal D). Together with Hikmet Bila and Mehmet Ali Birand, he has authored five editions of a book on the 1980 Turkish coup d'état. He is known for his work on history, politics and minorities in Turkey; he has also published a novel, Bir Irkçının İhaneti (Betrayal of a Racist, 2002).

Akar was born in Zara, Sivas, in 1961. He graduated from Kabataş High School. He received a degree in finance from Gazi University. Then he obtained his master's degree again in finance from Istanbul University.

CNN Türk
Cable News Network Türk (known as CNN Türk) is a Turkish free-to-air television news channel, launched on 11 October 1999 as the local affiliate of American channel CNN. It broadcasts exclusively for Turkey and it is owned by Demirören Group under the licensing from Warner Bros. Discovery's EMEA division.
Heldburger Gangschar
The Heldburger Gangschar is a Cenozoic volcanic system in the Franconian parts of southern Thuringia and northern Bavaria. The term Gangschar refers to the fact that few of the volcanoes have retained their characteristic topographical shape, rather their former activity can be detected by filled fissures known as Gänge ("[mineral] veins"). These veins are mostly oriented in south-southwest direction, their cross-section is often less than one metre wide. The Heldburger Gangschar' is named after the small settlement of Heldburg, part of the borough of Bad Colberg-Heldburg. The surrounding area, the Heldburger Land, belongs entirely to the northern part of the volcanic zone.
The most impressive of the surviving volcanic cones by far are the twin peaks of the Gleichberge, 641 metres and 679 metres high, in nearby Heldburger Land.

Volcanic field
A volcanic field is an area of Earth's crust that is prone to localized volcanic activity. The type and number of volcanoes required to be called a "field" is not well-defined. Volcanic fields usually consist of clusters of up to 100 volcanoes such as cinder cones. Lava flows may also occur. They may occur as a monogenetic volcanic field or a polygenetic volcanic field.
Hugh O'Brian filmography
The filmography of Hugh O'Brian (April 19, 1925 – September 5, 2016) comprises both film and television roles. In a career spanning nearly seven decades, he has appeared in overall fifty-three feature films, sixteen television movies and forty-six series.

On screen, O'Brian debuted as Sailor in William Beaudine's drama Kidnapped (1948), while for television he made his debut in Arch Oboler's anthology series Oboler's Comedy Theatre (1949). In 1954, O'Brian won the Golden Globe as the Most Promising Newcomer - Male, while in 1957, he received a Primetime Emmy Award-nomination for Best Continuing Performance by an Actor in a Dramatic Series.

Kidnapped (1948 film)
Kidnapped is a 1948 American historical adventure film directed by William Beaudine and starring Roddy McDowall, Sue England and Dan O'Herlihy. It is based on the 1886 novel of the same name by Robert Louis Stevenson. The former child star McDowall plays David Balfour in the story about a young man cheated out of his birthright by his wicked, covetous uncle Ebenezer (Houseley Stevenson).
2018–19 Army Black Knights women's basketball team
The 2018–19 Army Black Knights men's basketball team represented the United States Military Academy during the 2018–19 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Black Knights, led by thirteenth year head coach Dave Magarity, played their home games at Christl Arena and were members of the Patriot League. They finished the season 11–19, 6–12 in Patriot League play to finish in seventh place. They lost in the quarterfinals of the Patriot League women's tournament to Lafayette.

2019 Patriot League women's basketball tournament
The 2019 Patriot League women's basketball tournament was held from March 9, 11, 14 and 17 at campus sites of the higher seed, except that both semi-final games were played at the same site of the highest seed. The winner earned an automatic trip to the NCAA women's tournament. Bucknell won the conference tournament championship game over American, 66–54. Kaitlyn Slagus was named the tournament's Most Valuable Player.
Vesulspitze
The Vesulspitze is a mountain of the Samnaun Alps, located near Ischgl in Austria. With an elevation of 3,089 metres above sea level, it is the highest summit of the Samnaun Alps north of the Zeblasjoch.

Samnaun Alps
The Samnaun Alps are a mountain range of the Central Eastern Alps, named after the Swiss municipality of Samnaun. They are located at the border of the Austrian state of Tyrol and the Graubünden canton of Switzerland.

The Samnaun Alps are separated from the Sesvenna Alps in the south by the Engadine Valley; from the Silvretta Alps in the west by the Fimber Pass; from the Verwall Alps and the Lechtal Alps in the north by the Paznauntal; from the Ötztal Alps in the east by the Inn valley. All the range is drained by the river Inn, through the Trisanna, Schergenbach, Brancla and Fimbabach.
2017 Sun Bowl
The 2017 Sun Bowl was a postseason college football bowl game played at Sun Bowl Stadium in El Paso, Texas, on December 29, 2017. The game was the 84th Sun Bowl and featured the NC State Wolfpack of the Atlantic Coast Conference and the Arizona State Sun Devils of the Pac-12 Conference. It was one of the 2017–18 bowl games concluding the 2017 FBS football season. Sponsored by Hyundai Motor America, the game was officially known as the Hyundai Sun Bowl.

After taking a 28–10 lead at the half, NC State defeated Arizona State by a 52–31 final score. Nyheim Hines of NC State was selected as the game MVP. His teammates Kentavius Street and Kyle Bambard were named the most valuable lineman and most valuable special teams player, respectively.

Nyheim Miller-Hines
Nyheim Arthur Miller-Hines (/nɑːˈhim/ nah-HEEM; born November 12, 1996) is an American professional football running back. He played college football for the NC State Wolfpack, and was selected by the Indianapolis Colts in the fourth round of the 2018 NFL draft.
Microbial synergy
Microbial synergy is a phenomenon in which aerobic and anaerobic microbes support each other's growth and proliferation. In this process aerobes invade and destroy host tissues, reduce tissue oxygen concentration and redox potential, thus creating favorable conditions for anaerobic growth and proliferation. Anaerobes grow and produce short chain fatty acids such as butyric acid, propionic acid. These short chain fatty acids inhibit phagocytosis of aerobes. Thus aerobes grow, proliferate and destroy more tissues. Microbial synergy complicates and delays the healing of surgical and other chronic wounds or ulcers such as diabetic foot ulcers, venous ulcers, pressure ulcers etc. Microbial synergy also helps with eliminating oxygen redox. This allows the growth of organisms without the effects of oxygen reacting negatively. As a result, Microbial growth increases because other organisms can grow in the absence of Oxygen redox.

Fatty acid
In chemistry, particularly in biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with an aliphatic chain, which is either saturated or unsaturated. Most naturally occurring fatty acids have an unbranched chain of an even number of carbon atoms, from 4 to 28. Fatty acids are a major component of the lipids (up to 70% by weight) in some species such as microalgae but in some other organisms are not found in their standalone form, but instead exist as three main classes of esters: triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesteryl esters. In any of these forms, fatty acids are both important dietary sources of fuel for animals and important structural components for cells.
The Young Cricketer
The Young Cricketer is a 1768 portrait painting by the British artist Francis Cotes. It depicts Lewis Cage, a boy from Milgate House near Maidstone in Kent. He is shown holding a cricket bat and standing in front of a wicket which at the time consisted of only two stumps. The heroic pose of the composition is formed by the use of the bat. The painting was displayed at the Royal Academy Exhibition of 1769, the inaugural Summer Exhibition of the Royal Academy held in Pall Mall.

Stump (cricket)
In cricket, the stumps are the three vertical posts that support the bails and form the wicket. Stumping or being stumped is a method of dismissing a batsman.

The umpire calling stumps means the play is over for the day.