hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Birch index
The Birch (Employee Growth) Index is an economic indicator of employment.  It multiplies absolute job growth by relative job growth, which reveals the employment-creation power of differently sized enterprises.

It was devised by economist David L. Birch at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.  In 1980 Birch published an influential study that showed 70% of job growth in the U.S. came from enterprises with fewer than 100 employees.

David L. Birch
David L. Birch (born 1937) is an American economist studying small businesses.

Birch was working as a director at MIT in 1979 when he published his report The Job Generation Process, in which he showed that, contrary to the prevailing conventional wisdom, most new jobs in the US are created by small and new companies. This study caught the attention of politicians at home and abroad. Birch followed in 1987 with the book Job creation in America : how our smallest companies put the most people to work. Birch's work has been heavily criticized but is nevertheless considered groundbreaking as it opened the field for the study of small businesses, which had been so far disregarded by economists.
Quintessence (Borknagar album)
Quintessence is the fourth studio album by Norwegian progressive metal band Borknagar. It was recorded at The Abyss Studios in January 2000 and mixed by Peter Tägtgren.

According to the members of the band, this album was initially meant to be a relatively straightforward black metal release, as indicated by the production quality and the emphasis on harsh vocals rather than clean singing.

Vocalist Simen "ICS Vortex" Hestnæs plays bass guitar on the album, following the departure of former bassist Kai K. Lie prior to recording sessions for the album. Original keyboardist Ivar Bjørnson and drummer Eric "Grim" Brødreskift were also replaced by Lars A. Nedland and Asgeir Mickelson respectively. Quintessence would also be the last Borknagar album to feature Hestnæs, who left to join Dimmu Borgir (reportedly due to an ultimatum on Øystein Brun's part), until his return in 2010.

Extended vocal technique
Vocalists are capable of producing a variety of extended technique sounds. These alternative singing techniques have been used extensively in the 20th century, especially in art song and opera. Particularly famous examples of extended vocal technique can be found in the music of Luciano Berio, John Cage, George Crumb, Peter Maxwell Davies, Hans Werner Henze, György Ligeti, Demetrio Stratos, Meredith Monk, Giacinto Scelsi, Arnold Schoenberg, Salvatore Sciarrino, Karlheinz Stockhausen, Tim Foust, Avi Kaplan, and Trevor Wishart.
Vilho Vauhkonen
Vilhelm "Vilho" Vauhkonen (6 February 1877 – 1 February 1957) was a Finnish sport shooter who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics and in the 1920 Summer Olympics. He was born in Pieksämäki and died in Helsinki.

In 1912 he finished fifth with the Finnish team in the team free rifle event and 41st in the 300 metre free rifle, three positions competition. Eight years later, he won two bronze medals as a member of the Finnish team in the team running deer, double shots event and in the team 300 metre military rifle, prone competition. In the 1920 Summer Olympics he also participated in the following events:

300 metre military rifle, prone – fourth place

Team free rifle – fourth place

Team 300 metre military rifle, standing – seventh place

Team 600 metre military rifle, prone – eighth place

Team 300 and 600 metre military rifle, prone – tenth place

300 metre free rifle, three positions – place unknown

Shooting at the 1920 Summer Olympics – Men's 300 metre free rifle, team
The men's 300 metre team free rifle was a shooting sports event held as part of the Shooting at the 1920 Summer Olympics programme. It was the fourth and final appearance of the event. The competition was held on 31 July, 1920. 70 shooters from 14 nations competed. The event was won by the United States, in its first (and only) appearance in the men's team free rifle. Norway finished with four podium appearances (all at silver or better) in the four appearances of the event, taking silver in 1920. Switzerland earned bronze, its first medal in the event since gold in 1900.

Albert Helgerud and Gudbrand Skatteboe each won their third medal in the event, matching Ole Sæther (1900, 1908, and 1912) for the most ever won; each of those Norwegian shooters had one gold and two silver medals. Østen Østensen earned his second medal, the seventh and last man to achieve multiple medals in the event.
Orocrambus flexuosellus
Orocrambus flexuosellus is a species of moth in the family Crambidae. It was first described by Edward Doubleday in 1843. O. flexuosellus is endemic to New Zealand. It has been recorded from the North Island, South Island and the Stewart Islands. The species' habitat consists of lowland to alpine grasslands.

The wingspan is 19–26 mm. Adults have been recorded on wing from November to February.

The larvae are polyphagous, feeding on various grasses and sedges. The adult moths have been shown to pollinate Cassinia fulvida, Dracophyllum acerosum, Hoheria lyallii and Olearia virgata.

Dracophyllum acerosum
Dracophyllum acerosum is a species of shrub or small tree endemic to New Zealand's South Island. It was first described by Sven Berggren in 1877 and gets the specific epithet acerosum, meaning needles shaped, for its leaves. In the heath family Ericaceae, it inhabits mountain slopes, ridge lines and hillsides and reaches a height of 1–2 m (3–7 ft). A 2017 assessment using the New Zealand Threat Classification System classified it as "Not Threatened", giving it an estimated population of more than 100,000.
Teja Belak
Teja Belak (born 22 April 1994) is a Slovenian artistic gymnast. She represented Slovenia at the 2016 Olympic Games and is the 2019 European Games champion on vault.  She primarily competes on the FIG World Cup circuit.

Artistic Gymnastics World Cup
The Artistic Gymnastics World Cup is a competition series for artistic gymnastics sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique (FIG). It is one of the few tournaments in artistic gymnastics officially organized by FIG, as well as the World Championships and the gymnastics competitions at the Olympic Games and the Youth Olympics.
Bill Doran (third baseman)
William James Doran (June 14, 1898 – March 9, 1978) was an American Major League Baseball third baseman who played for the Cleveland Indians. An alumnus of Saint Mary's College of California, he played three games for the Indians during the 1922 Cleveland Indians season.

Saint Mary's College of California
Saint Mary's College of California is a private Catholic college in Moraga, California, United States. Established in 1863, it is administered by the De La Salle Brothers. The college offers undergraduate and graduate programs with a total student count at under 4,000 as of 2018.
Brajendra Nath Seal
Sir Brajendra Nath Seal (Bengali: ব্রজেন্দ্রনাথ শীল; 3 September 1864 – 3 December 1938) was a Bengali Indian humanist philosopher. He served as the second vice chancellor of Mysore University.

He began his career as a lecturer at the Scottish Church College. His research works were published in some of leading journals during the British Raj, such as the Calcutta Review, Modern Review, New India, Dawn, Bulletin of Mathematical Society, Indian Culture, Hindustan Standard, British Medical Journal, Prabasi, Sabuj Patra, and Visva-Bharati.

Sir
Sir is a formal honourific address in English for men, derived from Sire in the High Middle Ages. Both are derived from the old French "Sieur" (Lord), brought to England by the French-speaking Normans, and which now exists in French only as part of "Monsieur" lit. 'my lord'.

Traditionally, as governed by law and custom, Sir is used for men who are knights and belong to certain orders of chivalry, as well as later applied to baronets and other offices.

As the female equivalent for knighthood is damehood, the suo jure female equivalent term is typically Dame. The wife of a knight or baronet tends to be addressed as Lady, although a few exceptions and interchanges of these uses exist.

Additionally, since the late modern period, Sir has been used as a respectful way to address a man of superior social status or military rank. Equivalent terms of address for women are Madam (shortened to Ma'am), in addition to social honourifics such as Mrs, Ms, or Miss.
Salal Creek Pluton
The Salal Creek Pluton, also called the Salal Creek stock, is a small circular quartz monzonite intrusion with an area of 35 sq mi (91 km2). It is eight million years old, containing 52 dikes composed of basalt and was probably formed 5 mi (8.0 km) or less below the Earth's surface. It forms part of the Pemberton Volcanic Belt, a geological formation that formed as a result of subduction zone magmatism in the Canadian Cascade Arc.

Dike (geology)
In geology, a dike or dyke is a sheet of rock that is formed in a fracture of a pre-existing rock body. Dikes can be either magmatic or sedimentary in origin. Magmatic dikes form when magma flows into a crack then solidifies as a sheet intrusion, either cutting across layers of rock or through a contiguous mass of rock. Clastic dikes are formed when sediment fills a pre-existing crack.
Zeeland Public Schools
Zeeland Public Schools is a public school district in Ottawa County, Michigan. It serves Zeeland and parts of the following townships: Blendon, Holland, Olive, Robinson, and Zeeland. It also serves small parts of Fillmore Township, Overisel Township, and Salem Township in Allegan County.

Ottawa County, Michigan
Ottawa County (/ˈɒtəwə/ OT-ə-wə) is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the United States 2020 Census, the population was 296,200. The county seat is Grand Haven. The county is named for the Ottawa Nation. It was set off in 1831 and organized in 1837. Ottawa County is included in the Grand Rapids-Kentwood, MI Metropolitan Statistical Area and has a significant Dutch American population.

Area farmers produce more than $726 million in products annually, making Ottawa County an "agricultural powerhouse" in the state.
Bayo (film)
Bayo is a 1985 Canadian drama film, directed by Mort Ransen and written by Ransen, Terry Ryan, and Arnie Gelbart. The film stars Ed McNamara, Patricia Phillips, Stephan McGrath, Hugh Webster, Cedric Smith, Patrick Lane, and Maisie Rillie. Set in Tickle Cove, Newfoundland and Labrador, the film focuses on the relationship of Bayo (McGrath), a young boy living with his single parent Sharon (Phillips). When Sharon's long-estranged father Phillip (McNamara) returns, Bayo's fascination with his grandfather threatens to upend Sharon's plan to move to Toronto.

The film had a limited theatrical run in the spring of 1985, before airing on CBC Television in the fall. McNamara received a Genie Award nomination for Best Actor at the 7th Genie Awards in 1986, while Phillips received an ACTRA Award nomination for Best Television Actress the same year.

Cedric Smith (actor)
Cedric Smith is an English Canadian actor and musician. He portrayed Alec King in the CBC television series Road to Avonlea, and was the voice of Charles Xavier / Professor X (and other characters) in the X-Men: The Animated Series.
Nyamo Township
Nyamo (Tibetan: ཉ་མོ་), or Nianmu (Chinese: 年木乡; pinyin: Niánmù Xiāng), is a township of Samzhubzê District (Shigatse City), in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. At the time of the 2010 census, the township had a population of 3,347 and an area of 330 square kilometres (130 sq mi). As of 2019, it had 10 villages under its administration.

Shigatse
Shigatse, officially known as Xigazê (Tibetan: གཞིས་ཀ་རྩེ་, Wylie: gzhis ka rtse, ZWPY: xigazê) or Rikaze (Chinese: 日喀则; pinyin: Rìkāzé), is a prefecture-level city of the Tibet Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. Its area of jurisdiction, with an area of 182,000 km2 (70,271 sq mi), corresponds to the historical Ü-Tsang region of Tibet, and is most notable for containing the Chinese half of Mount Everest.
Travis Schlenk
Travis Schlenk (born 1976 or 1977) is an executive for the Washington Wizards of the NBA and a former executive for the Atlanta Hawks. Prior to joining the Hawks in May 2017, Schlenk was the assistant general manager of the Golden State Warriors, having joined that team prior to the 2004–05 season as a video scout. He has also worked as a video coordinator for the Miami Heat from 1999 to 2003, and as director of basketball operations for the University of Georgia basketball program from 1998 to 1999.

During his tenure with the Warriors, Schlenk developed a reputation for evaluating talent. He has been credited for being primarily responsible for identifying Draymond Green, picked 35th in the second round of the 2012 NBA draft.

Schlenk is a native of Selden, Kansas, graduated from Bethel College and holds a Master of Education degree from Wichita State University.

Georgia Bulldogs basketball
The Georgia Bulldogs men's basketball program is the men's college basketball team representing the University of Georgia in Athens, Georgia. Established in 1905, the team has competed in the Southeastern Conference since the conference’s inception in 1932. As of 2020 the Bulldogs have amassed a record of 1,434–1,319. Though it has been historically overshadowed by the school's football program, the Bulldogs' basketball squad has had its share of successes, including a trip to the NCAA Final Four in 1983 under head coach Hugh Durham.
Interflug
Interflug GmbH (German: INTERFLUG Gesellschaft für internationalen Flugverkehr m.b.H.; [ˈɪntɐfluːk]) was the national airline of East Germany (officially the “German Democratic Republic”) from 1963 to 1991. Based in East Berlin, it operated scheduled and chartered flights to European and intercontinental destinations out of its hub at Berlin Schönefeld Airport, focusing on Comecon countries. Interflug also had significant crop dusting operations. Following German reunification, the company was liquidated.

Airline hub
An airline hub or hub airport is an airport used by one or more airlines to concentrate passenger traffic and flight operations. Hubs serve as transfer (or stop-over) points to help get passengers to their final destination. It is part of the hub-and-spoke system. An airline may operate flights from several non-hub (spoke) cities to the hub airport, and passengers traveling between spoke cities connect through the hub. This paradigm creates economies of scale that allow an airline to serve (via an intermediate connection) city-pairs that could otherwise not be economically served non-stop. This system contrasts with the point-to-point model, in which there are no hubs and nonstop flights are instead offered between spoke cities. Hub airports also serve origin and destination (O&D) traffic.
Big Spencer Mountain
Big Spencer Mountain is a mountain located in Piscataquis County, Maine. Big Spencer Mtn. is flanked to the west by Little Spencer Mountain.

The southwest end of Big Spencer Mountain drains into Kidney Brook, then into Lobster Lake, and into the West Branch of the Penobscot River, and into Penobscot Bay. The northeast end of Big Spencer Mountain drains into spring-fed Blood Pond where the pond's outlet, Maxfield Brook, then empties into Lobster Lake. Part of the southeast side of Big Spencer Mountain drains into Bear Brook, then into Ragged Lake, Ragged Stream, Caribou Lake, Chesuncook Lake, Ripogenus Lake, and into the West Branch Penobscot River. The southern part of the southeast side of Big Spencer drains into Lazy Tom Stream, then into the Roach River, and Moosehead Lake, the source of the Kennebec River.

Ripogenus Gorge
Ripogenus Gorge is a rock-walled canyon formed in Maine where the West Branch Penobscot River intersects the Caribou Lake anticline. Ripogenus Falls controlled discharge from Ripogenus Lake until Ripogenus Dam was completed at the upstream end of the gorge in 1916. The dam forms a hydroelectric reservoir raising the level of Ripogenus Lake to include the upstream Chesuncook Lake, Caribou Lake, and Moose Pond. This reservoir is commonly referred to by the name of its largest included lake, Chesuncook. The gorge provides an unusual exposure of North Maine Woods bedrock typically covered by saturated glacial till. The Silurian Ripogenus Formation of weakly metamorphosed shallow marine siliciclastics and fossiliferous limestone, has been described from investigation of the gorge.
Glenhazel
Glenhazel is a suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa. 
It is located in Region E, bordering Fairmount, Sandringham, Lyndhurst and Percelia Estate. The area lies on a sloping hill with a park in the valley. It is known for its large Jewish population as well as for being home to the largest Jewish kosher hub in Johannesburg, which attracts many Jewish tourists.

Warren Goldstein
Warren Goldstein (born 1971) is the chief rabbi of The Union of Orthodox Synagogues of South Africa since 2005. Born in Pretoria, he currently lives in Johannesburg. He is the first chief rabbi of South Africa who was born in South Africa and the youngest person ever to be appointed to that post, at age 32.
Brian Hill (author)
Brian Hill is a Canadian/American director and playwright living in New York City.

Hill has directed new works, revised classics and developmental works for Disney Theatrical Productions, Mirvish Productions, 5th Avenue Theatre, Chicago Shakespeare Theater, Goodspeed Musicals, TheatreWorks, Segal Centre for Performing Arts,The Shaw Festival of Canada and The Stratford Festival of Canada. Hill was the original director of Come From Away and creator of the musical's foundational physical vocabulary.

He was resident director of the Toronto and Broadway companies of The Lion King and associate director of the Broadway production of The Little Mermaid.

As an actor he spent three seasons with the Shaw Festival, originated the role of Frankie (Dora Award for outstanding actor) in the original Canadian cast of Forever Plaid, played Raoul in The Phantom of the Opera and Joe in Sunset Boulevard.

Chicago Shakespeare Theater
Chicago Shakespeare Theater (CST) is a non-profit, professional theater company located at Navy Pier in Chicago, Illinois.  Its more than six hundred annual performances performed 48 weeks of the year include its critically acclaimed Shakespeare series, its World's Stage touring productions, and youth education and family oriented programming.  The theater had garnered 77 Joseph Jefferson awards and three Laurence Olivier Awards. In 2008, it was the winner of the Regional Theatre Tony Award.

Founded in 1986 in a pub, in 1999 the CST moved to a purpose-built seven-story theater complex on Navy Pier, where it has a main 500 seat space called the Courtyard, and the 200 seat Theater Upstairs.  In 2017, it expanded on the pier into a connected three-theater-campus with the addition of The Yard, a flexible space that allows for versatile arrangements from 150 seats to 850 seats and from proscenium to in-the-round.
Mountain Crystal
Mountain Crystal (German: Bergkristall)  is a 1949 Austrian-German historical drama film directed by Harald Reinl and featuring a cast of unknown actors including Franz Eichberger, Hans Renz and Cilli Greif. It is a mountain film based on the 1845 novella Rock Crystal by Adalbert Stifter. The film's sets were designed by the Austrian art director Fritz Jüptner-Jonstorff. It was the directorial debut of Reinl who went on to become a successful film director.

Adalbert Stifter
Adalbert Stifter (German: [ˈʃtɪftɐ]; 23 October 1805 – 28 January 1868) was a Bohemian-Austrian writer, poet, painter, and pedagogue. He was notable for the vivid natural landscapes depicted in his writing and has long been popular in the German-speaking world.
Horse opera
A horse opera, hoss opera, oat opera or oater is a Western film or television series that is clichéd or formulaic, in the manner of a (later) soap opera or space opera.

The term, which was originally coined by silent film-era Western star William S. Hart, is used variously to convey either disparagement or affection. The term "horse opera" is quite loosely defined; it does not specify a distinct sub-genre of the Western (as "space opera" does with regard to the science fiction genre). However, "horse operas" often incorporate aspects of both the soap opera and western genres. While used sparingly, in the 2010s the term "oat opera" has been used to describe films like Duel at Diablo, as well as series such as Yellowstone.

Western fiction
Western fiction is a genre of literature set in the American Old West frontier and typically set from the late eighteenth to the late nineteenth century. Well-known writers of Western fiction include Zane Grey from the early 20th century and Louis L'Amour from the mid-20th century. The genre peaked around the early 1960s, largely due to the popularity of televised Westerns such as Bonanza. Readership began to drop off in the mid- to late 1970s and reached a new low in the 2000s. Most bookstores, outside a few west American states, only carry a small number of Western fiction books.
Hills Grove, North Carolina
Hills Grove is a small unincorporated community in eastern Surry County, North Carolina, United States. The community lies between Westfield and the town of Pilot Mountain near the Stokes County line. Prominent landmarks in the community include Hill's Presbyterian Church.

36°25′23″N 80°27′43″W﻿ / ﻿36.423°N 80.462°W﻿ / 36.423; -80.462

Stokes County, North Carolina
Stokes County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 44,520. Its county seat is Danbury.

Stokes County is included in the Winston-Salem, NC, Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Greensboro–Winston-Salem–High Point, NC, Combined Statistical Area.
Garry Wellington
Garry Charles Wellington (born 25 April 1942) is an Australian former rugby league player.

Educated at Marist Brothers Coogee, Wellington was a forward during his years in schoolboy rugby league, but possessed considerable pace and became a back after school, having reduced his weight.

Wellington, an Ayr electrician, was a surprise selection to the Australia squad for the 1965 tour of New Zealand, where played centre in minor matches. While playing for Herbert River the following year, Wellington gained his second national call up, as a non-playing reserve in their home series against Great Britain.

1965 Kangaroo tour of New Zealand
The 1965 Kangaroo Tour of New Zealand was a mid-season tour of New Zealand by the Australia national rugby league team. The Australians played eight matches on tour, including two tests against the New Zealand national rugby league team. The tour began on 9 June and finished on 28 June.
2011 Brasil Open – Singles
Juan Carlos Ferrero was the defending champion; however, he chose not to defend his title due to knee and wrist injuries.
Nicolás Almagro claimed the title by defeating Alexandr Dolgopolov 6–3, 7–6(7–3) in the final.

Alexandr Dolgopolov
Alexandr Dolgopolov (born 7 November 1988), formerly known as Oleksandr Dolgopolov Jr. (Ukrainian: Олександр Олександрович Долгополов, romanized: Oleksandr Oleksandrovych Dolhopolov), is a Ukrainian retired professional tennis player. He changed his forename spelling to the current form in May 2010. Dolgopolov reached the quarterfinals of the 2011 Australian Open and achieved a career-high singles ranking of World No. 13 in January 2012.