hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
George E. Drach
George E. Drach (August 25, 1906 – October 21, 1966) was an American lawyer and politician.

Drach was born in Springfield, Illinois. He graduated from Springfield High School and served in the United States Navy during World War II. Drach received his law degree from University of Illinois College of Law and then practiced law in Springfield. Drach served in the Illinois Senate from 1951 until his death in 1966. He was a Republican. Drach died at St. John's Hospital in Springfield, Illinois, from complications after undergoing gall bladder surgery.

University of Illinois College of Law
The University of Illinois College of Law at Urbana-Champaign is the law school of the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, a public land-grant research university in Champaign and Urbana, Illinois. It was established in 1897 and offers the Juris Doctor, Master of Laws, and Doctor of Juridical Science degrees. The law school is located on the south end of the main University of Illinois campus in Champaign, near Memorial Stadium and the State Farm Center.
Maximilian Emanuel of Württemberg-Winnental
Maximilian Emanuel of Württemberg-Winnental (February 27, 1689 in Stuttgart – September 25, 1709 in Dubno), son of Frederick Charles of Württemberg-Winnental and Margravine Eleonore Juliane of Brandenburg-Ansbach, was a volunteer in the army of Charles XII of Sweden and a devoted friend to the king.

In 1703, at age 14 he joined Charles XII's Polish campaign before the Battle of Pułtusk, and was since known throughout the army as the Little Prince.

On June 18, 1708 he was wounded by the River Berezina while attempting to shield the king from bullets, but recovered in time to fight in the Battle of Holowczyn. He was later made colonel of the Buchwald's Dragoons.

In the Battle of Poltava he was captured by the Russians. Released shortly after, he died on the way home at Dubno in Volhynia. King Charles long mourned the loss of his "best and truest friend".

His heart was buried at St. Gumbertus Church in Ansbach.

Dragoon
Dragoons were originally a class of mounted infantry, who used horses for mobility, but dismounted to fight on foot. From the early 17th century onward, dragoons were increasingly also employed as conventional cavalry and trained for combat with swords and firearms from horseback. While their use goes back to the late 16th century, dragoon regiments were established in most European armies during the 17th and early 18th centuries; they provided greater mobility than regular infantry but were far less expensive than cavalry.

The name reputedly derives from a type of firearm, called a dragon, which was a handgun version of a blunderbuss, carried by dragoons of the French Army. The title has been retained in modern times by a number of armoured or ceremonial mounted regiments.
Biological functions of nitric oxide
Biological functions of nitric oxide are roles that nitric oxide plays within biology.

Nitric oxide (nitrogen monoxide) is a molecule and chemical compound with chemical formula of NO. In mammals including humans, nitric oxide is a signaling molecule involved in several physiological and pathological processes. It is a powerful vasodilator with a half-life of a few seconds in the blood. Standard pharmaceuticals such as nitroglycerine and amyl nitrite are precursors to nitric oxide. Low levels of nitric oxide production are typically due to ischemic damage in the liver.

As a consequence of its importance in neuroscience, physiology, and immunology, nitric oxide was proclaimed "Molecule of the Year" in 1992. Research into its function led to the 1998 Nobel Prize for elucidating the role of nitric oxide as a cardiovascular signalling molecule.

Breakthrough of the Year
The Breakthrough of the Year is an annual award for the most significant development in scientific research made by the AAAS journal Science, an academic journal covering all branches of science.

Originating in 1989 as the Molecule of the Year, and inspired by Time's Person of the Year, it was renamed the Breakthrough of the Year in 1996.
Robert Adley (American politician)
Robert Roy Adley (born September 3, 1947) is an American politician. He has served in the Louisiana State Senate and the Louisiana House of Representatives.

Adley was a candidate in the 1995 Louisiana gubernatorial election. After the 2007 Louisiana elections he joined the Republican Party of Louisiana to align with the newly-elected governor Bobby Jindal.

Louisiana House of Representatives
The Louisiana House of Representatives (French: Chambre des Représentants de Louisiane; Spanish: Cámara de Representantes de Luisiana) is the lower house in the Louisiana State Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Louisiana. This chamber is composed of 105 representatives, each of whom represents approximately 42,500 people (2000 figures). Members serve four-year terms with a term limit of three terms (twelve years). The House is one of the five state legislative lower houses that has a four-year term, as opposed to the near-universal two-year term.

The House convenes at the State Capitol in Baton Rouge.
Michael Sullivan (MP)
Michael Sullivan (1809 – 1878) was an Irish Liberal, Independent Irish Party and Repeal Association politician, and a merchant.

Sullivan was elected Repeal Association Member of Parliament (MP) for Kilkenny City at a by-election in 1847—held because John O'Connell, who had been elected for the seat at the 1847 general election, had opted to sit for Limerick City where he had also been elected. Becoming an Independent Irish candidate in 1852, and a Liberal in 1859, Sullivan held the seat until 1865, when he did not seek re-election.

Sullivan was High Sheriff of County Kilkenny in 1870.

Limerick City (UK Parliament constituency)
Limerick City was a United Kingdom Parliament constituency in Ireland. It returned one MP 1801–1832, two MPs 1832–1885 and one thereafter. It was an original constituency represented in Parliament when the Union of Great Britain and Ireland took effect on 1 January 1801. It ceased to be represented in the United Kingdom Parliament in 1922.
Hyundai 4.5 to 5-ton truck
The Hyundai 4.5 to 5-ton truck (hangul:현대4.5톤・5톤트럭) is a line of medium-duty commercial vehicles by Hyundai Motor Company. The range was primarily available in cargo and dump truck. Its model truck name is 'Hyundai' and 'Hyundai Mitsubishi Fuso'.

Most medium-duty truck models are distinguishable by a front 'Hyundai Truck' badge, but the common Hyundai, and Mitsubishi Fuso badge is usually used on the rear.

In Japan, Asia-Pacific, Mid-East, Africa, South America, its principal competitors are Kia Rhino.

Truck classification
Truck classifications are typically based upon the maximum loaded weight of the truck, typically using the gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) and sometimes also the gross trailer weight rating (GTWR), and can vary among jurisdictions.
Ornain
The Ornain (French pronunciation: [ɔʁnɛ̃] ⓘ) is a 116 km long river in northeastern France, right tributary of the Saulx (Seine basin). It is formed near the village Gondrecourt-le-Château by the confluence of the small rivers Ognon and Maldite. It flows generally northwest. Its course crosses the following départements and towns:

Meuse: Gondrecourt-le-Château, Ligny-en-Barrois, Bar-le-Duc, Revigny-sur-Ornain

Marne

The Ornain flows into the Saulx in Pargny-sur-Saulx. The part of the Marne-Rhine Canal between Demange-aux-Eaux and Sermaize-les-Bains runs parallel to the Ornain.

Marne–Rhine Canal
The Canal de la Marne au Rhin (French pronunciation: [kanal də la maʁn o ʁɛ̃], Marne–Rhine Canal) is a canal in north-eastern France. It connects the river Marne and the Canal entre Champagne et Bourgogne in Vitry-le-François with the port of Strasbourg on the Rhine. The original objective of the canal was to connect Paris and the north of France with Alsace and Lorraine, the Rhine, and Germany. The 313 km (194 mi) long canal was the longest in France when it opened in 1853.
2008 Trinidad and Tobago presidential election
Indirect presidential elections were held in Trinidad and Tobago on 11 February 2008.

The incumbent George Maxwell Richards was expected to be reelected after being approved as the only nominee by 15 MPs on 4 February 2008.

The election was held through an electoral college consisting of a joint sitting of the two houses of parliament consisting of 73 representatives, and Richards was reelected as expected.

The Opposition party nominated no candidate, in part as a protest to a foregone conclusion of the result and a boycott of the process.

George Maxwell Richards
HE George Maxwell Richards TC CM (1 December 1931 – 8 January 2018) was a Trinidadian politician who served as the fourth president of Trinidad and Tobago, from 2003 to 2013. He was the first president and head of state in the Caribbean to have mixed Chinese and Indigenous ancestry.

A chemical engineer by training, Richards was Principal of the St. Augustine campus of the University of the West Indies in Trinidad from 1984 to 1996. He previously worked for Shell Trinidad Ltd before joining the University of the West Indies in 1965. He was sworn into office as president on 17 March 2003 for a five-year term.
Fred D'Ignazio
Fred D'Ignazio (born January 6, 1949) is an American author, educator, and television commentator. He was born in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania and is considered to be one of the world's leading pioneers in multimedia-based education. From 1972 to 1976, he was an assistant editor for The Futurist magazine published by the World Future Society. In the 1980s and 1990s he was an associate editor and columnist for COMPUTE! and COMPUTE!'s Gazette and a technology commentator on ABC's Good Morning America. He is also the author of over 30 non-fiction books on science and technology, as well as a series of juvenile science fiction novels.

D'Ignazio received an M.A. from the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy in 1971, and pursued further studies at the American University's Washington College of Law. He is married and has three children, whose experiences with home computers he sometimes wrote about in his magazine columns.

Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy
The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy is the graduate school for international relations at Tufts University in Medford, Massachusetts, United States.

Fletcher is one of America's oldest graduate schools of international relations. Each fall, Fletcher admits an average of 330 students to its various programs, of whom 40 percent are international students and around a quarter are U.S. minorities.
Netherlands national racquetball team
The Netherlands national racquetball team represents the Nederlandse Racquetball Associatie in racquetball international competitions. Is a member of the European Racquetball Federation and International Racquetball Federation. The Netherlands has won the European Championships 3 times in overall's competition, 2 times in men's and 1 in women's competition.

European Racquetball Federation
The European Racquetball Federation (ERF) is the governing body for racquetball in Europe to promote the sport of racquetball in Europe. The ERF was founded on 27 June 1985 in Zoetermeer, The Netherlands.

Every two years the ERF organizes the European Racquetball Championships, and every year organizes the European Racquetball Tour (ERT).
University of Santo Tomas Hospital
The University of Santo Tomas Hospital (simply UST Hospital or USTH) is a hospital located at the University of Santo Tomas. The hospital has two divisions, a clinical teaching hospital that offers inexpensive medical care for indigent patients and a private hospital for patients with financial means, which is partially used to subsidize the clinical division.

Private hospital
A private hospital is a hospital not owned by the government, including for-profit and non-profit hospitals. Funding is by patients themselves ("self-pay"), by insurers, or by foreign embassies. Private hospitals are commonly part, albeit in varying degrees, of the majority of healthcare systems around the world.
Super-iron battery
The Super-iron battery is a moniker for a proposed class of rechargeable electric battery.  Such batteries feature cathodes composed of ferrate salts, commonly potassium ferrate (K2FeO4) or barium ferrate (BaFeO4).  One attraction to the proposed device is that the spent cathode would consist of a rust-like material, which is preferable to batteries based on toxic cadmium, manganese and nickel. Another attraction is potentially higher energy capacity.

Ferrate
Ferrate loosely refers to a material that can be viewed as containing anionic iron complexes. The term ferrate derives from Latin  ferrum 'iron'.

Examples include tetrachloroferrate ([FeCl4]2−), oxyanions (e.g. FeO2−4), and the organoferrates, including highly reduced tetracarbonylferrate ([Fe(CO)4]2−) salts. Although rarely studied, ferrate(V) [FeO4]3− and ferrate(IV) [FeO4]4− oxyanions of iron also exist.  These too are called ferrates.

Ferrates

Disodium salt of tetracarbonylferrate

Structure of ferrate(VI), [FeO4]2−

1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium salt of [FeCl4]−

Potassium tris(oxalato)ferrate

Ferrate(VI) is a strong oxidizer, used in water purification and battery technology.
Operation Vittles (film)
Operation Vittles is a 1948 American short documentary film about the Berlin Airlift. It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Short. The film was preserved by the Academy Film Archive, in conjunction with the UCLA Film and Television Archive, in 2013.

Academy Film Archive
The Academy Film Archive is part of the Academy Foundation, established in 1944 with the purpose of organizing and overseeing the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences' educational and cultural activities, including the preservation of motion picture history. Although the existing incarnation of the Academy Film Archive began in 1991, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences acquired its first film in 1929.
Jean-Baptiste Perlant
Jean-Baptiste Perlant (born 22 February 1977) is a former professional tennis player from France.

Perlant made his Grand Slam debut in the 1998 French Open. He lost his opening match to Spaniard Jose Imaz-Ruiz in five sets. At the US Open later that year, he defeated world number 38 Jason Stoltenberg, who had previously reached the semi-finals of Wimbledon. In the second round he met seventh seed Alex Corretja and again lost a five set match.

His only doubles appearance at Grand Slam level was in the 1997 French Open, where he partnered Jean-François Bachelot. The pair had the misfortune of having to face the number one seeds in the opening round, Todd Woodbridge and Mark Woodforde. They won just three games in the match.

1998 French Open
The 1998 French Open was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Roland Garros in Paris, France. The tournament was held from 25 May until 7 June. It was the 97th staging of the French Open, and the second Grand Slam tennis event of 1998.
Vijaya Lama
Vijay Lama (Nepali: विजय लामा), also known as Captain Vijay Lama, (born March 7, 1964) is a senior Nepali pilot with amassing more than 25,000 flight hours and one of the first Nepalese pilots to become an instructor on the Airbus A330. He is also an actor, singer, television presenter, and social activist.

He flies as a commercial pilot for Nepal Airlines.

Nepal Airlines
Nepal Airlines Corporation (Nepali: नेपाल वायुसेवा निगम, romanized: Nepāl Vāyusevā Nigam, lit. 'Nepal Air Service Corporation'), formerly known as Royal Nepal Airlines (शाही नेपाल वायुसेवा, Śāhī Nepāl Vāyusevā, 'Royal Nepal Air Service'), is the flag carrier of Nepal. Founded in 1958, it is the oldest airline of the country. Out of its main base at Tribhuvan International Airport, Kathmandu, the airline operates domestic services within Nepal and medium-haul services in Asia. The airline's first aircraft was a Douglas DC-3, used to serve domestic routes and a handful of destinations in India. The airline acquired its first jet aircraft, Boeing 727s, in 1972. As of February 2023, the airline operates a fleet of six aircraft. Since 2013, the airline has been on the list of air carriers banned in the European Union due to safety concerns.
R8 expressway (Slovakia)
Expressway R8 (Slovak: Rýchlostná cesta R8) is a planned expressway in Slovakia, which after construction will connect Nitra, Topoľčany and Bánovce nad Bebravou. The expressway will lead in the corridor R1 and R2.

The total length of the R8 will be 54.6 kilometres (33.9 mi). The construction of the expressway is expected only after 2030, not excluding the possible reassessment of the need for the road. According to the current plans of the Ministry of Transport, no sections of the R8 road will be constructed or open until 2028. With regard to the current intentions of the Ministry of Transport, the operation of the expressway along the entire length of the route cannot be expected before the year 2050.

Topoľčany
Topoľčany ([ˈtɔpɔʎtʂani] ⓘ; Slovak: Veľké Topoľčany before 1920; Hungarian: Nagytapolcsány) is a town in the Nitra Region of Slovakia. The population is around 25,000 in total. The town's population is nicknamed Žochári (singl. Žochár) (producers, or owners of "mosses").

The Nitra River flows through a wide valley between the two mountain ranges that are visible from the town: Tribeč (to the east) and Považský Inovec (to the west). It is best known for the birthplace of the current prime minister of Slovakia, Robert Fico.
Killmatic
KILLmatic is the second studio album by American hip hop collective Demigodz. It was released on March 5, 2013, via Dirty Version Records. Recording sessions took place at HeadQcourterz Studios in New York. Production was handled by Teddy Roxpin, Chumzilla, DJ Premier, Marco Polo, Skammadix, Snowgoons, Will C., and Apathy, who also served as executive producer together with Celph Titled and Open Mic. It features guest appearances from Eternia, Panch, Planetary, R.A. the Rugged Man, Scoop DeVille and Termanology.

Snowgoons
Snowgoons is a German underground hip hop production team composed of DJ Illegal (Manuu Rückert) and Det Gunner (D. Keller). In 2011, producers Sicknature (Jeppe Andersen) from Denmark and J.S. Kuster (Johann Sebastian Kuster) from Germany joined the group.
Robert Ritter
Robert Ritter (14 May 1901 – 15 April 1951) was a German racial scientist doctor of psychology and medicine, with a background in child psychiatry and the biology of criminality. In 1936, Ritter was appointed head of the Racial Hygiene and Demographic Biology Research Unit of Nazi Germany's Criminal Police, to establish the genealogical histories of the German "Gypsies", both Roma and Sinti, and became the "architect of the experiments Roma and Sinti were subjected to." His pseudo-scientific "research" in classifying these populations of Germany aided the Nazi government in their systematic persecution toward a goal of "racial purity".

Racial hygiene
The term racial hygiene was used to describe an approach to eugenics in the early 20th century, which found its most extensive implementation in Nazi Germany (Nazi eugenics). It was marked by efforts to avoid miscegenation, analogous to an animal breeder seeking purebred animals. This was often motivated by the pseudoscientific belief in the existence of a racial hierarchy and the related fear that "lower races" would "contaminate" a "higher" one. As with most eugenicists at the time, racial hygienists believed that the lack of eugenics would lead to rapid social degeneration, the decline of civilization by the spread of inferior characteristics.

Like eugenics, racial hygiene was largely discredited and abandoned following World War II.
Jabal Qada'ah
Jabal Qada'ah (Arabic: جبل قداعة‎, romanized: Jabal Kidā'ah), also known as Jabal Al Aḩqab, is a mountain located in the Hajar Mountains range, northeast of the United Arab Emirates, in the Emirate of Ras Al Khaimah.

Its summit has an altitude of 1,375 m (4,511 ft), a significant prominence of 460 m (1,510 ft) and a topographic isolation of 4.36 km (2.71 mi), so the elongated and solitary silhouette of the mountain, in the form of a plateau, stands out and is perfectly visible even from a long distance.

Topographic isolation
The topographic isolation of a summit is the minimum horizontal distance to a point of equal elevation, representing a radius of dominance in which the peak is the highest point.  It can be calculated for small hills and islands as well as for major mountain peaks and can even be calculated for submarine summits.  Mount Everest, the highest point on Earth, has an undefined isolation, since there are no higher points to reference.

Because topographic isolation can be difficult to determine, a common approximation is the distance to a peak called the nearest higher neighbour (NHN).
Disco Biscuits
The Disco Biscuits are an American jam band from Philadelphia. The band consists of Marc "Brownie" Brownstein (bass guitar, vocals), Jon "The Barber" Gutwillig (guitar, vocals), Aron Magner (keyboards, synths, vocals), and Marlon B. Lewis (drums). The band incorporates elements from a variety of musical genres with a base of electronic and rock. Their style has been described as trance fusion.

Music genre
A music genre is a conventional category that identifies some pieces of music as belonging to a shared tradition or set of conventions. Genre is to be distinguished from musical form and musical style, although in practice these terms are sometimes used interchangeably.

Music can be divided into genres in numerous ways, sometimes broadly and with polarity, e.g., popular music as opposed to art music or folk music, or, as another example, religious music and secular music. Often, however, classification draws on the proliferation of derivative subgenres, fusion genres, and microgenres that has started to accrue, e.g., screamo, country pop, and mumble rap, respectively. The artistic nature of music means that these classifications are often subjective and controversial, and some may overlap. As genres evolve, novel music is sometimes lumped into existing categories.
Baño de Oro
The Baño de Oro Historic Site (Spanish for golden bath) is a historic recreation center and swimming pool located in the Baño de Oro area of El Yunque National Forest in Río Grande, Puerto Rico. The site of Baño de Oro gets its name from the Baño de Oro Creek, which itself is named after the former Spanish gold panning sites in the area. The wider Baño de Oro Natural Area where the historic site is found was named a National Natural Landmark in 1980 and it is the only contiguous area in Puerto Rico that contains a subtropical wet forest, a rainforest, a dwarf forest, and a Pterocarpus forest.

Dwarf forest
Dwarf forest, elfin forest, or pygmy forest is an uncommon ecosystem featuring miniature trees, inhabited by small species of fauna such as rodents and lizards. They are usually located at high elevations, under conditions of sufficient air humidity but poor soil. There are two main dwarf forest ecosystem types, involving different species and environmental characteristics: coastal temperate and montane tropical regions. Temperate coastal dwarf forest is common for parts of Southern California. Montane tropical forests are found across tropical highlands of Central America, northern South America and Southeast Asia. There are also other isolated examples of dwarf forests scattered across the world, while the largest dwarf forest is found in the Philippines.