hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Earlswood, Monmouthshire
Earlswood (Welsh: Coed-yr-iarll) is a rural area of scattered settlement in Monmouthshire, south east Wales, United Kingdom.  It is located five miles northwest of Chepstow, within the parish of Shirenewton and immediately east of the forested area of Wentwood.

Wentwood
Wentwood (Welsh: Coed Gwent), in Monmouthshire, South Wales, is a forested area of hills, rising to 1,014 feet (309 m) above sea level. It is located to the northeast of, and partly within the boundaries of, the city of Newport.
Sarah Blake (silversmith)
Sarah Blake (sometimes Blane) was an English silversmith.

A resident of London, Blake specialized in the making of spoons. She was the wife of John Blake, a smallworker and spoonmaker, and went into metalworking after his death, registering her first date mark on 15 June 1809. A second mark was registered on 9 January 1821, with a third on 7 November the same year; a variety of marks are known. Blake worked in partnership with her son, John William Blake, and lived at 16 Long Acre. She was retired or dead by February 1823, at which time John registered a mark alone. Besides spoons, the pair produced other tableware, such as forks and tongs.

Several pieces by the Blakes are currently owned by the National Museum of Women in the Arts. These include six Regency teaspoons, dated to 1812; a George IV dessert spoon, dated to 1820; and a George IV sauce ladle, dated to 1821.

Largeworker
A largeworker was a form of silversmith in England from the 17th to the early 20th centuries who made items of a larger size such as dishes or candlesticks. When craftsmen registered their mark they would classify themselves as "goldworker", "smallworker", or "largeworker" according to their skill and specialism.
Dictyonema metallicum
Dictyonema metallicum is a species of basidiolichen in the family Hygrophoraceae. It is found in the montane rainforests of Ecuador. Characterised by its metallic shimmer, it is an epiphytic lichen that spans large areas on host tree trunks and frequently extends to adjacent bryophytes. Its unique visual texture is created by the loosely interwoven dark blue fibrils of the thallus, a thin, compressed filamentous layer, accentuated by a silver prothallus.

Hygrophoraceae
The Hygrophoraceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. Originally conceived as containing white-spored, thick-gilled agarics (gilled mushrooms), including Hygrophorus and Hygrocybe species (the waxcaps or waxy caps), DNA evidence has extended the limits of the family, so it now contains not only agarics, but also basidiolichens and corticioid fungi. Species are thus diverse and are variously ectomycorrhizal, lichenized, associated with mosses, or saprotrophic. The family contains 34 genera and over 1000 species. None is of any great economic importance, though fruit bodies of some Hygrocybe and Hygrophorus species are considered edible and may be collected for sale in local markets.
Theobald M. Burns
Theobald Matthew Burns (June 1862 – February 21, 1926) was a lumber merchant and political figure in New Brunswick, Canada. He represented Gloucester County in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1899 to 1908 as a Conservative member.

He was born of Irish parents and educated in Chatham, New Brunswick. Burns ran unsuccessfully in the federal Gloucester riding in 1908 and 1911, losing to Onésiphore Turgeon each time. In 1912, he married Ethel White.

Burns was in 1895 a principal of the re-formed Adams, Burns and Company, a successor upon bankruptcy of the St. Lawrence Lumber Company.

Over the period from April 1919 to April 1921 he was Mayor of Bathurst, New Brunswick.

Chatham, New Brunswick
Chatham (/ˈtʃætəm/) is an urban neighbourhood in the city of Miramichi, New Brunswick, Canada.

Prior to municipal amalgamation in 1995, Chatham was an incorporated town in Northumberland County along the south bank of the Miramichi River opposite Douglastown. Since amalgamation, it has been sometimes referred to as Miramichi East.
Mordvinov
Mordvinov (Russian: Мордвинов, masculine), or Mordvinova (Мордвинова, female), is a surname in Russia. Derived from Mordvin people, it belongs to the Russian noble Mordvinov family. Notable people with the surname include:

Semyon Mordvinov (1701–1777), admiral

Nikolay Mordvinov (admiral) (1754–1845), admiral and statesman

Aleksand Mordvinov (1799–1858), painter

Arkady Mordvinov (1896–1964), architect

Nikolay Mordvinov (actor) (1901–1966)

Igor Mordvinov

Amalia Mordvinova (born 1973), Russian film and stage actress, TV and radio presenter

Vera Aleksandrovna Mordvinova, birth name of Vera Aleksandrova (1895–1966), Russian literary critic, historian, and editor

Mordvins
Mordvins (also Mordvinians, Mordovians; Russian: мордва, romanized: Mordva, lit. 'Mordvins'; no equivalents in Moksha and Erzya) is an official term used in Russia and the Soviet Union to refer both to Erzyas and Mokshas since 1928.
Lillian Adams
Lillian Adams (May 13, 1922 – May 25, 2011) was an American actress who appeared in over 100 film and television roles.

Born in Chicago, Adams appeared in movies such as Private Benjamin and Bruce Almighty as well as television series such as Gomer Pyle: USMC,  The Flying Nun, The Twilight Zone, Archie Bunker's Place, Married... with Children, NYPD Blue, Frasier, and Modern Family.  Her last film project was an independent film titled At What Price.

Adams also appeared in commercials for CVS Pharmacy as the mascot Super Saver Lillian.

On May 25, 2011, Adams died of heart failure in Woodland Hills, California, aged 89.

The Flying Nun
The Flying Nun is an American fantasy sitcom television series about a community of nuns, which included one who could fly when the wind caught her cornette. It was produced by Screen Gems for ABC based on the 1965 book The Fifteenth Pelican, written by Tere Ríos. Sally Field starred as the title character, Sister Bertrille.

The series originally ran on ABC from September 7, 1967, to April 3, 1970, producing 82 episodes, including a one-hour pilot episode.
CJNE-FM
CJNE-FM is a radio station in Nipawin, Saskatchewan. Owned by Norman H.J. and Treana J. Rudock, it broadcasts a broad oldies format.

The station received approval by the CRTC on January 10, 2002. In January 2020, it received approval for a second station on 89.5 FM, which will carry a country music format.

Nipawin
Nipawin (/ˈnɪpəwɪn/) is a town in Saskatchewan, Canada, on the Saskatchewan River portion of Tobin Lake. The town lies between Codette Lake, created by the Francois-Finlay Dam (built in 1986) and Tobin Lake, created by the E.B. Campbell Dam built in 1963, renamed from Squaw Rapids. The construction of Francois-Finlay Dam earned Nipawin the nickname the "Town of Two Lakes".

Nipawin is bordered by the Rural Municipality of Nipawin No. 487 and the Rural Municipality of Torch River No. 488 (the latter across the Saskatchewan River).

Highway 35 and Highway 55 intersect in Nipawin. The Nipawin Airport and the Nipawin Water Aerodrome also serve the community.

Nipawin is a Cree word meaning "stand up" which referred to a low-lying area along the river now flooded by Codette Lake where First Nations women and children would camp and wait for the men to arrive.
Jerry Ippoliti
Jerry Ippoliti (born c. 1935) is an American former football player, coach, and college athletics administrator. He served as the head football coach at the Northern Illinois University from 1971 until 1975, compiling a record of 25–29–1. Ippoliti was the commissioner of the Mid-American Conference from 1994 to 1999.

Ippoliti played college football at  Miami University.

Northern Illinois University
Northern Illinois University (NIU) is a public research university in DeKalb, Illinois, United States. It was founded as "Northern Illinois State Normal School" in 1895 by Illinois Governor John P. Altgeld, initially to provide the state with college-educated teachers. In addition to the main campus in DeKalb, it has satellite centers in Chicago, Naperville, Rockford, and Oregon, Illinois.

The university is composed of seven degree-granting colleges and has a student body of approximately 16,000. NIU is one of seven public universities in Illinois that compete in NCAA Division I. The athletic teams are known as the Huskies and compete in the Mid-American Conference (MAC).
Glitch art
Glitch art is an art movement centering around the practice of using digital or analog errors, more so glitches, for aesthetic purposes by either corrupting digital data or physically manipulating electronic devices. It has also been regarded as an increasing trend in new media art, with it retroactively being described as developing over the course of the 20th century onward.

Nam June Paik
Nam June Paik (Korean: 백남준; pronunciation (Korean name order)ⓘ; July 20, 1932 – January 29, 2006) was a South Korean artist. He worked with a variety of media and is considered to be the founder of video art. He is credited with the first use (1974) of the term "electronic super highway" to describe the future of telecommunications.

Born in Seoul to a wealthy business family, Paik trained as a classical musician, spending time in Japan and West Germany, where he joined the Fluxus collective and developed a friendship with experimental composer John Cage. He moved to New York City in 1964 and began working with cellist Charlotte Moorman to create performance art. Soon after, he began to incorporate televisions and video tape recorders into his work, acquiring growing fame. A stroke in 1996 left him partially paralyzed for the last decade of his life.
South Beds Golf Club
South Beds Golf Club is a golf club in Galley Hill, near Bramingham and north of Luton, Bedfordshire, England. It was established in 1892 and is ranked as the fourth best golf course in the county by the website Top 100 Golf Courses.

Bramingham
Bramingham listenⓘ is a suburb of Luton, in the Borough of Luton district, in the ceremonial county of Bedfordshire, England. The area is situated in the north of the town and is roughly bounded by the A6 to the east, Great Bramingham Wood to the west, the edge of Luton to the north, and Icknield Way to the south.
154th Mechanized Brigade (Ukraine)
The 154th Mechanized Brigade (Ukrainian: 154-та окрема механізована бригада, romanized: 154 okrema mekhanizovana bryhada) is a formation of the Ukrainian Ground Forces formed on 10 October 2023. It was part of the creation of four other brigades to expand the Ukrainian Ground Forces in response to the 2022 Russian Invasion of Ukraine and is expected to participate in a potential Ukrainian counteroffensive in 2024. The unit was officially announced on 1 November 2023, being designated a commander, and its military commander.

RPK
The RPK (Russian: Ручной пулемёт Калашникова/РПК, romanized: Ruchnoy Pulemyot Kalashnikova/RPK, lit. 'Kalashnikov's hand-held machine gun/RPK'), sometimes inaccurately termed the RPK-47, is a Soviet 7.62×39mm light machine gun that was developed by Mikhail Kalashnikov in the early 1960s, in parallel with the AKM assault rifle. It was created to standardize the small arms inventory of the Soviet Army, where it replaced the 7.62×39mm RPD machine gun. The RPK continues to be used by the military of the post-Soviet states and several African and Asian nations. The RPK is also manufactured in Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania, and Serbia.
Gračanica, Kosovo
Gračanica (Serbian Cyrillic: Грачаница) or Graçanicë (Albanian definite form: Graçanica), is a town and municipality located in Pristina District in Kosovo. As of 2024, the town has a population of 18,486 inhabitants.

It is centered around the Gračanica Monastery, ten kilometers east of Pristina. The 1999 Kosovo War and its aftermath transformed Gračanica from a small village into an administrative center serving the needs of the 75,000 Kosovo Serbs living south of the Ibar River. After the 2013 Brussels Agreement, the municipality was expected to become part of a proposed Community of Serb Municipalities, however the agreement was never implemented as it was deemed unconstitutional. The town is also known for being the location of Gračanica Monastery, one of the richest Serbian medieval monuments from the 14th century.

Definiteness
In linguistics, definiteness is a semantic feature of noun phrases that distinguishes between referents or senses that are identifiable in a given context (definite noun phrases) and those that are not (indefinite noun phrases). The prototypical definite noun phrase picks out a unique, familiar, specific referent such as the sun or Australia, as opposed to indefinite examples like an idea or some fish.

There is considerable variation in the expression of definiteness across languages, and some languages such as Japanese do not generally mark it, so the same expression can be definite in some contexts and indefinite in others. In other languages, such as English, it is usually marked by the selection of determiner (e.g., the vs. a). Still other languages, such as Danish, mark definiteness morphologically by changing the noun itself (e.g. Danish en mand (a man), manden (the man)).
Tarikh-i Alam-ara-yi Amini
Tarīkh-i ʿĀlam-ārā-yi Amīnī (Persian: عالم آرای امینی) is a Persian book on the history of Aq Qoyunlu confederation written by Fazl b. Ruzbihan Khunji. It was composed after the major eastwards expansion of the Aq Qoyunlu, and was completed before 1493.

The book was dedicated to Baysunghur. It was translated in modern times by Vladimir Minorsky into English. Minorsky highly praised the author for his neutrality. The book is one of the few primary sources on the history of Aq Qoyunlu dynasty and in particular, it contains valuable information about the reigns of Sultan Ya'qub, Sultan Khalil and Uzun Hasan.

Vladimir Minorsky
Vladimir Fyodorovich Minorsky (Russian: Владимир Фёдорович Минорский; 5 February [O.S. 24 February] 1877 – 25 March 1966) was a White Russian academic, historian, and scholar of Oriental studies, best known for his contributions to the study of history of Iran and the Iranian peoples such as Persians, Lurs, and Kurds in addition to the Kartvelian Laz people.
2025 BOSS Open
The 2025 BOSS Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts. It was the 47th edition of the Stuttgart Open and an ATP 250 tournament of the 2025 ATP Tour. It was held at the Tennis Club Weissenhof in Stuttgart, Germany, from 9 June until 15 June 2025.

Lorenzo Musetti
Lorenzo Musetti (Italian pronunciation: [loˈrɛntso muˈzetti]; born 3 March 2002) is an Italian professional tennis player. He has been ranked by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) as high as world No. 5 in singles and No. 85 in doubles, both achieved on 12 January 2026. Musetti has won two ATP Tour titles in singles and one in doubles. He has reached the quarterfinals at all four majors, and made two semifinal appearances at the 2024 Wimbledon Championships and 2025 French Open.

Representing his country, Musetti won the bronze medal in men's singles at the 2024 Olympic Games. He was part of the Italian team that won the Davis Cup in 2023 and 2024.
Mount Ogden
Mount Ogden is a peak in Weber County, Utah, United States in the northern Wasatch Range.

Mount Ogden has an elevation of 9,579 feet (2,920 m). The peak is popular with hikers and can be accessed via trails in three nearby canyons: Beus, Waterfall, and Taylor canyons. The summit's eastern face also has technical crack and face climbing routes.  The summit accommodates several large radio towers and a helipad.

Mount Ogden's eastern slope is home to Snowbasin Ski Resort, where the 2002 Winter Olympics downhill ski races were held. The resort also provides private road access to the peak.

Weber County, Utah
Weber County (/ˈwiːbər/ WEE-bər) is a county in the U.S. state of Utah. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 262,223, making it Utah's fourth-most populous county. Its county seat and largest city is Ogden, the home of Weber State University. The county was named after a fur trapper John Weber.

Weber County is part of the Ogden-Clearfield metropolitan area as well as the Salt Lake City metropolitan area.
Tim Andrew
Tim Andrew is a British film director, television director and television producer. His television directing credits include Black Scorpion, Son of the Beach, Undressed, Mix It Up, Supernatural and Teen Wolf, where he was an executive producer and frequent director along with Russell Mulcahy.

He also worked as the supervising producer on the television series Home James!, reality series Denise Richards: It's Complicated, Joan & Melissa: Joan Knows Best? and the Tyler Perry-directed films Meet the Browns, The Family That Preys, Why Did I Get Married Too? and For Colored Girls.

The Family That Preys
The Family That Preys is a 2008 American comedy drama film written, co-produced and directed by Tyler Perry. The screenplay focuses on two families, one wealthy and the other working class, whose lives are intertwined in both love and business.
Myrmica
Myrmica is a genus of ants within the subfamily Myrmicinae. It is widespread throughout the temperate regions of the Holarctic and high mountains in Southeast Asia.

The genus consists of around 200 known species and additional subspecies, although this figure is likely to rise as soon as the Chinese and Nearctic fauna lists are revised.

Myrmicinae
Myrmicinae is a subfamily of ants, with about 140 extant genera; their distribution is cosmopolitan. The pupae lack cocoons. Some species retain a functional sting. The petioles of Myrmicinae consist of two nodes. The nests are permanent and in soil, rotting wood, under stones, or in trees. All species of Cephalotes (within the tribe Attini) are gliding ants.
Daventry Country Park
Daventry Country Park is a 66-hectare (160-acre) Local Nature Reserve and country park on the north-eastern outskirts of Daventry in Northamptonshire, England. It is owned and managed by West Northamptonshire Council.

The park centres on Daventry Reservoir, which feeds the Grand Union Canal, and there are also meadows and crack willow woodland. Birds include yellowhammers, lesser whitethroats, dunnocks and song thrushes.

Facilities include a bird hide, a nature trail, an adventure playground, and a cafe.

West Northamptonshire
West Northamptonshire is one of two unitary authority areas in the ceremonial county of Northamptonshire, England. It contains the county town of Northampton, as well as the towns of Daventry, Brackley and Towcester, and the large villages of Brixworth and Long Buckby; the rest of the area is predominantly agricultural villages though it has many lakes and small woodlands.

West Northamptonshire was created in 2021 as part of local government restructuring from the previous non-metropolitan districts of Northampton, Daventry and South Northamptonshire.

The West Coast Main Line and the M1 and M40 motorways pass through the district, and it includes the site of the Roman town of Bannaventa and the grade I listed Althorp House and its estate.
Ōmiya (surname)
Ōmiya, Omiya, Oomiya or Ohmiya (written: 大宮, 近江谷 or おおみや in hiragana) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anna Ohmiya (近江谷 杏菜, born 1989), Japanese curler

Masashi Omiya (大宮 政志, born 1938), Japanese cyclist

Teiji Ōmiya (大宮 悌二, 1918–1994), Japanese voice actor and actor

Yoshiyuki Ohmiya (近江谷 好幸, born 1959), Japanese curler and curling coach

Oumiya (written: 近江屋 or おうみや in hiragana) is a separate surname, though it can be romanized the same way. Notable people with the surname include:

Nobuhiro Omiya (近江屋 信広, born 1949), Japanese politician

Yoshiyuki Ohmiya
Yoshiyuki Ohmiya (近江谷 好幸, Ōmiya Yoshiyuki, born January 8, 1959) is a Japanese curler and curling coach from Kitami, Hokkaido, Japan.

He represented Japan at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, where the Japanese men's team placed 5th.

His daughter is Japanese female curler Anna Ohmiya, participant of Japan women's curling team on 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, Canada.
Winding Hills Park
Winding Hills Park is located off NY 17K in the Comfort Hills two miles (3.2 km) west of the village of Montgomery, New York, United States, straddling the Montgomery-Crawford town line. It is a 502-acre (203 ha) area centered on 40-acre (16 ha) Diamond Lake that is primarily used for outdoor recreation.

Montgomery (village), New York
Montgomery is a village located in Orange County, New York, United States. Located 60 miles (97 km) northwest of New York City, and 90 miles (140 km) southwest of Albany, it is an historical and cultural hub of the Hudson Valley region and has grown in the last 30 years to become an outer-ring commuter suburb within the New York metropolitan area. The population was 3,834 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Kiryas Joel–Poughkeepsie–Newburgh, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as the larger New York–Newark–Bridgeport, NY-NJ-CT-PA Combined Statistical Area.  The village is named after General Richard Montgomery, an officer of the American Revolution.

The Village of Montgomery is inside the Town of Montgomery.
Snogeholm Castle
Snogeholm Castle (Swedish: Snogeholms slott) is a castle in Sjöbo Municipality, Scania, in southern Sweden.

Snogeholm Castle lies on the eastern shore of Snogeholmssjön (Lake Snogeholm). In the middle ages there was a fortress on an island in Snogeholmssjön, Hejreholm. The fortress was attached to the Archbishop in Lund. A connection to the knight Holger Gregersen Krognosis mentioned in 1355. At the Reformation, in 1536, the castle was transferred to the Danish crown because it was destroyed by fire, and was therefore not rebuilt. Later, around 1690, the castle was rebuilt on the edge of the lake where it still is. In 1899 and 1902 the German emperor Wilhelm II spent time there, hunting deer. The current castle was built in the 1870s. It has a style reminiscent of French Baroque with a two-story main building, three towers, all three-storied, as well as two detached single-story wings.

Lund
Lund (/lʊnd/, US also /lʌnd/ LU(U)ND; Swedish: [ˈlɵnːd] ⓘ) is a city in the province of Scania, southern Sweden. The town had 94,393 inhabitants out of a municipal total of 130,288 as of 2023. It is the seat of Lund Municipality, Scania County. The Öresund Region, which includes Lund, is home to more than 4.2 million people.

Archeologists date the founding of Lund to around 990, when Scania was part of Denmark. From 1103 it was the seat of the Catholic Archdiocese of Lund, and the towering Lund Cathedral, built c. 1090–1145, still stands at the centre of the town. Denmark ceded the city to Sweden in the Treaty of Roskilde in 1658.

Lund University, established in 1666, is one of Scandinavia's oldest and largest institutions for education and research.  The university and its buildings dominate much of the centre of the city, and have led to Lund becoming a regional centre for high-tech industry.
The Grubbs
The Grubbs is an unaired American sitcom. Based on the British sitcom The Grimleys, it starred Michael Cera as Mitchell Grubb, Randy Quaid as his father, and Carol Kane as his mother. It would have premiered on November 3, 2002, but was cancelled two days before its planned premiere.

The Grimleys
The Grimleys is a comedy-drama television series set on a council estate in Dudley, West Midlands, England in the mid-1970s. It was first broadcast by Granada TV for ITV in 1999, following a pilot in 1997, and concluded in 2001 after three series.

The show was written by Jed Mercurio, who had trained as a doctor and whose first series, Cardiac Arrest – written under the pseudonym 'John MacUre' – had attracted critical plaudits for its dark portrayal of life in a disintegrating British National Health Service.

The filming of the school took place in Salford, Buile Hill High, Hope High, and Pendleton College, and the characters' homes were filmed on Gatesgarth Road in Langley, Greater Manchester. Later series featured location filming in Dudley, including a scene at Dudley Zoo.