hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Brook silverside
Labidesthes sicculus, also known as the brook silverside, is a North American species of Neotropical silverside. The brook silverside lives in slow moving rivers and lakes from the Great Lakes to the Mississippi Basin and Gulf Coastal Plains. The brook silverside survives best in clear water with aquatic vegetation. L. sicculus feeds on a diet of copepods, insect larvae, and winged insects. The spawning season of the brook silverside occurs during the spring and early summer. The survival of freshwater fishes such as the brook silverside is increasingly threatened. In order to ensure survival of the brook silverside, turbidity of natural habitats should be monitored.

Gulf Coastal Plain
The Gulf Coastal Plain extends around the Gulf of Mexico in the Southern United States and eastern Mexico.

This coastal plain reaches from the Florida Panhandle, southwest Georgia, the southern two-thirds of Alabama, over most of Mississippi, western Tennessee and Kentucky, extreme southern Illinois, the Missouri Bootheel, eastern and southern Arkansas, all of Louisiana, the southeast corner of Oklahoma, and easternmost Texas in the United States. It continues along the Gulf in northeastern and eastern Mexico, through Tamaulipas and  Veracruz to Tabasco and the Yucatán Peninsula on the Bay of Campeche.
Aquamicrobium aestuarii
Aquamicrobium aestuarii is a gram-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive strictly aerobic, motile bacteria with a flagellum from the genus Aquamicrobium which was isolated from the Yellow Sea in South Korea.

Catalase
Catalase is a common enzyme found in nearly all living organisms exposed to oxygen (such as bacteria, plants, and animals) which catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen. It is a very important enzyme in protecting the cell from oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Catalase has one of the highest turnover numbers of all enzymes; one catalase molecule can convert millions of hydrogen peroxide molecules to water and oxygen each second.

Catalase is a tetramer of four polypeptide chains, each over 500 amino acids long. It contains four iron-containing heme groups that allow the enzyme to react with hydrogen peroxide. The optimum pH for human catalase is approximately 7, and has a fairly broad maximum: the rate of reaction does not change appreciably between pH 6.8 and 7.5. The pH optimum for other catalases varies between 4 and 11 depending on the species. The optimum temperature also varies by species.
George Preston Coleman
George Preston Coleman (May 4, 1870 – June 16, 1948) was the head of the Virginia Highway Commission from 1913 to 1922  and the mayor of Williamsburg, Va., from 1929 to 1934. The George P. Coleman Memorial Bridge that connects Yorktown and Gloucester Point is named after him. He is the grandson of Nathaniel Beverley Tucker and the great-grandson of St. George Tucker. The papers of the Tucker-Coleman family, including the papers of George Preston Coleman, are held by the Special Collections Research Center at the College of William & Mary.

Gloucester Point, Virginia
Gloucester Point is a census-designated place (CDP) in Gloucester County, Virginia, United States. The population was 9,402 at the 2010 census. It is home to the College of William & Mary's Virginia Institute of Marine Science, a graduate school for the study of oceanography.
Kevin Goodale
Kevin Goodale (born September 26, 1980) is an American former professional stock car racing driver who competed in the NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour from 2003 to 2012. He is the older brother of Eric Goodale, and the first cousin of Jeff Goodale, who have both competed in the Modified Tour.

Goodale has also competed in the now defunct NASCAR Whelen Southern Modified Tour, the Race of Champions Asphalt Modified Tour, and the World Series of Asphalt Stock Car Racing Series.

NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour
The NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour (NWMT) (previously the NASCAR Winston Modified Tour and NASCAR Featherlite Modified Series from 1985 until 2005) is a modified stock car racing series owned and operated by NASCAR in the Modified Division.  The Modified Division is NASCAR's oldest division, and is the only open-wheeled division that NASCAR sanctions. NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour events are mainly held in the northeastern United States, but the 2007 and 2008 tours expanded to the Midwest with the addition of a race in Mansfield, Ohio. The tour races primarily on short oval paved tracks, but the NWMT also has made appearances at larger ovals and road courses.
Cynthia Finelli
Cynthia Jean Finelli is an American engineering educator whose research includes publications on evidence-based education, on the effects of neurodiversity on engineering education, on the evaluation of group work, and on academic dishonesty. She is a professor of electrical engineering and computer science at the University of Michigan, where she also holds a courtesy appointment in the Department of Education.

Academic dishonesty
Academic dishonesty, academic misconduct, academic fraud and academic integrity are related concepts that refer to various actions on the part of students that go against the expected norms of a school, university or other learning institution. Definitions of academic misconduct are usually outlined in institutional policies. Therefore, academic dishonesty consists of many different categories of behaviour, as opposed to  being a singular concept.
Sharthopor (soundtrack)
Sharthopor is the official soundtrack album composed by Jeet Gannguli, to the 2025 Indian Bengali-language drama film of the same name directed by Annapurna Basu, starring Ranjit Mallick, Koel Mallick and Kaushik Sen. The film is produced by Nispal Singh under the banner of Surinder Films.

The soundtrack preceded with three singles—"Bhenge Jay", "Sujon Majhi Re" and "Ei Shon". Amit Chatterjee handled its score, with lyrics penned by Prasen and Ritam Sen.

Kaushik Sen
Koushik Sen (born 19 September 1968) is an Indian actor known for his work across film, television, OTT and theatre, based in Kolkata. He is the founder and director of the theatre group Swapnasandhani. He won the Bengal Film Journalists' Association Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in Aamar Bhuvan, directed by Mrinal Sen. He was awarded Girish Purashkar 2023 by the Cultural Department of the Government of West Bengal for his extraordinary contributions to theatre. In 2024, he was awarded Telly Academy Best Actor Award for Godhuli Alap series.
Eublemma recta
Eublemma recta, the straight-lined seed moth, is a moth of the family Erebidae. The species was first described by Achille Guenée in 1852. It is found in the United States from South Carolina to Florida and west to Texas. It is also found south to Argentina, on Cuba, Jamaica and Puerto Rico.

The wingspan is 16–19 millimetres (0.63–0.75 in).

The larvae feed on various plants in the family Convolvulaceae, including Ipomoea and Convolvulus species.

Ipomoea
Ipomoea (/ˌɪpəˈmiː.ə, -oʊ-/) is the largest genus in the plant family Convolvulaceae, with over 600 species. It is a large and diverse group, with common names including morning glory, water convolvulus or water spinach, sweet potato, bindweed, moonflower, etc. The genus occurs throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the world, and comprises annual and perennial herbaceous plants, lianas, shrubs, and small trees; most of the species are twining climbing plants.

Their most widespread common name is morning glory, but some species in related genera bear that same common name and some Ipomoea species are known by different common names. Those formerly separated in Calonyction (Greek καλός kalós "good" and νύξ, νυκτός núx, nuktós, "night") are called moonflowers. The name Ipomoea is derived from the Ancient Greek ἴψ, meaning 'woodworm', and ὅμοιος (hómoios), meaning "resembling". It refers to their twining habit.
Asafo
Asafo are traditional warrior groups in Akan culture, based on lineal descent. The word derives from sa, meaning war, and fo, meaning people. The traditional role of the Asafo companies was defence of the state. As the result of contact with European colonial powers on the Gold Coast (present-day Ghana), the Fante, who inhabit the coastal region, developed an especially complex version of the concept in terms of its social and political organization based on martial principles, and with elaborate traditions of visual art, including flag banners with figurative scenes, and designs alluding to historical events or proverbs.

Posuban shrines (the name derived from a corrupted form of the word "post" combined with the word "ban", signifying a fortification) are traditional structures usually made of concrete, intricately designed and painted with bright colours, serving as both military and religious posts for Asafo groups, as well as meeting grounds.

People
The term "the people" refers to the public or common mass of people of a polity. As such it is a concept of human rights law, international law as well as constitutional law, particularly used for claims of popular sovereignty. In contrast, a people is any plurality of persons considered as a whole. Used in politics and law, the term "a people" refers to the collective or community of an ethnic group or nation.
John Waddington (Essex cricketer)
John Ernest Walter Waddington (22 May 1910 – 8 April 1995) was an English cricketer active in 1931 who played for Woodford Wells Cricket Club now known as Woodford Wells Club and once for Essex. He was born in Woodford Green and educated at Chigwell School and Jesus College, Cambridge. He appeared in just one first-class match as a righthanded batsman who scored eight runs, his highest score was therefore 8. During the Second World War he served in  the Manchester Regiment fighting in Normandy and subsequently in Germany. He died in Godstone, Surrey.

Jesus College, Cambridge
Jesus College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge. Jesus College was established in 1496 on the site of the twelfth-century Benedictine nunnery of St Mary and St Radegund by John Alcock, then Bishop of Ely. The cockerel is the symbol of Jesus College, after the surname of its founder. From 1560 to 1860, Jesus College was primarily a training college for Church of England clergy.

Jesus College has assets of approximately £375m making it Cambridge's seventh-wealthiest college. The college is known for its particularly expansive grounds which include its sporting fields and for its proximity to its boathouse. Three members of Jesus College have each received a Nobel Prize. Two fellows of the college have been appointed to the International Court of Justice.

Sonita Alleyne was elected master of Jesus College in 2019, 40 years after the college began admitting women as students. She is also the first black leader of an Oxbridge college.
Mahaloha
"Mahaloha" is Yuna Ito's first collaboration single, and her 8th in total.  Micro from Def Tech provided guest vocals.  The single was released on June 27, 2007 under Studioseven Recordings.  The song was described as “very Hawaiian” by Ito, and should “let everyone outside of Hawaii feel the wind of the island”.  Mahaloha charted at #5 on Oricon's Weekly Single Charts, making it Ito's first Top Five single since her 2006 hit "Precious".

Studioseven Recordings
Studioseven Recordings was a Japanese record label founded in 2006 which was a subsidiary of Sony Music Records. After its dissolution in 2010, many of its artists were moved to Sony Music Records' gr8! Records label.
Sodium bromite
Sodium bromite is a sodium salt of bromous acid. Its trihydrate, NaBrO2·3H2O, has been isolated in crystal form. It is used by the textile refining industry as a desizing agent for oxidative starch removal.

It is also used as an oxidizing agent for converting alcohols to aldehydes, such as the conversion of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde, and for the Hofmann degradation of amides to amines.

Hofmann rearrangement
The Hofmann rearrangement (Hofmann degradation) is the organic reaction of a primary amide to a primary amine with one less carbon atom. The reaction involves oxidation of the nitrogen followed by rearrangement of the carbonyl and nitrogen to give an isocyanate intermediate. The reaction can form a wide range of products, including alkyl and aryl amines.

The reaction is named after its discoverer, August Wilhelm von Hofmann, and should not be confused with the Hofmann elimination, another name reaction for which he is eponymous.
Gayelle
Gayelle Television (Gayelle) is a privately owned television station, serving Trinidad and Tobago. The television station broadcasts on UHF channel 23 to the city of Port of Spain and has recently started broadcasting to Central Trinidad on UHF channel 27. It is available on the Flow Trinidad cable system  as channel 7  and also on cable systems in Tobago and Grenada. The station offers 100% local and Caribbean programming, and much of its programming consists of live talk-shows. The station's studio is located at 13 Southern Main Road, Curepe, Trinidad and Tobago.

Southern Main Road
The Southern Main Road is a major road in Trinidad and Tobago running from Curepe in the north through Chaguanas, Couva, San Fernando, and Point Fortin to Icacos in the southwest, over a now discontinuous length of 120 km.
Hunan Provincial Constitution
The Hunan Provincial Constitution was a provincial constitution of Hunan province as part of the federal movement in China. Originally proposed by civilian governor Tan Yankai, a federalist, Zhao Hengti took it to completion. Thirteen authors drafted the document, including Wang Zhengting, and it was examined by 155 people. Zhao Hengti became the Civilian Governor of Hunan under the constitution. It  served as an inspiration for other constitutional movements in China.

Chengting T. Wang
Chengting Thomas Wang or C. T. Wang (Chinese: 王正廷; pinyin: Wáng Zhèngtíng; Wade–Giles: Wang2 Cheng4-t'ing2, 7 September 1882 – 21 May 1961), also known under the Pinyin spelling Wang Zhengting, was Foreign Minister, Minister of Finance, Minister of Justice and acting Premier in governments of the China in the 1920s.

"Chengting T. Wang" was the preferred form of his name in English.
Spaziani
Spaziani is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Beatrice Spaziani (born 1984), Italian synchronized swimmer

Brenda Spaziani (born 1984), Italian diver

Frank Spaziani (born 1947), American football player and coach

Maria Luisa Spaziani (1923–2014), Italian poet

Monique Spaziani (born 1957), Canadian actress

Frank Spaziani
Frank Joseph Spaziani (born April 1, 1947) is an American football coach and former player. He served as the head football coach at Boston College from 2009 to 2012, compiling a record of 22 wins and 29 losses. Prior to becoming head coach, Spaziani served on the Eagles' coaching staff for 12 years, the last 10 as defensive coordinator. He also served as defensive coordinator at New Mexico State from 2016 to 2021.
Douglas Stewart (equestrian)
Lieutenant Colonel Douglas Norman Stewart DSO MC (24 June 1913 – 25 July 1991) was a British equestrian who won a gold medal in the team event at the 1952 Summer Olympics. He was born in Doonholm, South Ayrshire and died in Midlem.

Doonholm
Doonholm or Donholm is a commercial and residential neighbourhood in Nairobi. A legacy of what was a dairy farm with the same name, Doonholm is a suburb in the Eastlands area of Nairobi. The original Doonholm estates Doonholm 1 and Doonholm 2 are located in Makadara. As the city housing demands increased an exclave of Doonholm was launched in Embakasi. The newer Doonholm is located 8 kilometres (5 mi) east of the Nairobi central business district, within the larger sub-county of Embakasi.
Mulagada
Mulagada is a neighbourhood in the city of Visakhapatnam, India. It is one of the 46 mandals in Visakhapatnam District. It is under the administration of Visakhapatnam revenue division and the headquarters is located at Mulagada. It is located on the south fringe of Visakhapatnam city.

The mandal is located within the jurisdiction of the Greater Visakhapatnam Municipal Corporation, which is responsible for the civic amenities in Mulagada . It is bounded by Gajuwaka and Pedagantyada mandals.

Greater Visakhapatnam Municipal Corporation
Greater Visakhapatnam Municipal Corporation (GVMC) is the civic body that governs the city of Visakhapatnam, largest city of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. Its jurisdiction encompasses an area of 640 km2 (250 sq mi). It is also part of the planning body of the Visakhapatnam Metropolitan Region Development Authority. Established in the year 1979, the executive power of the GVMC is vested in the Municipal Commissioner, an Indian Administrative Service officer appointed by the Government of Andhra Pradesh. In January 2021, the number of wards were increased to 98 from 81 earlier. On 28 April 2025, Peela Srinivasa Rao from 96th ward of GVMC elected as new mayor of Visakhapatnam after no-confidence motion on previous mayor has successfully passed in the council.
Ziff–Gulari–Barshad model
The Ziff–Gulari–Barshad (ZGB) model is a simple Monte Carlo method for catalytic reactions of oxidation of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide on a surface using Monte-Carlo methods which captures correctly the essential dynamics: phase transitions between two poisoned states (either CO2- or O-poisoned) and a steady-state in between. It is named after Robert M. Ziff, Erdogan Gulari, and Yoav Barshad, who published it in 1986.

Phase transition
In physics, chemistry and biology, a phase transition (or phase change) is the physical process of transition between one state of a medium and another. Commonly the term is used to refer to changes among the basic states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas, and in rare cases, plasma. A phase of a thermodynamic system and the states of matter have uniform physical properties. During a phase transition of a given medium, certain properties of the medium change as a result of the change of external conditions, such as temperature or pressure. This can be a discontinuous change; for example, a liquid may become gas upon heating to its boiling point, resulting in an abrupt change in volume. The identification of the external conditions at which a transformation occurs defines the phase transition point.
Marlene Norst
Marlene Johanna Norst (24 March 1930 – 20 December 2010) was an Australian linguist, pedagogue and philanthropist of Austrian heritage. Her main areas of work were German language and literature studies, language pedagogy, English as a second language, socio-linguistics and children’s literature.

Leeton, New South Wales
Leeton is a town located in the Riverina region of New South Wales, Australia. It is situated in the Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area. It is the administrative centre of the Leeton Shire Council local government area, which includes neighbouring suburbs, towns and localities such as Yanco, Wamoon, Whitton, Gogeldrie, Stanbridge and Murrami.

The town was designed by Walter Burley Griffin and built for the New South Wales government early 20th century irrigation schemes. Leeton is home to citrus, rice, cotton, grape, walnut, and wheat farming. It is known as Australia's Rice Capital, as well as The Heart of SunRice Country, as it is home to the headquarters of SunRice corporation, one of Australia's largest food exporters. Other industry includes Arnott's Biscuits (previously Freedom Foods), Webster Limited, and Murrumbidgee Irrigation Limited.
The Parks Football Centre
The Parks Football Centre (known as the  Apex Football Centre for sponsorship reasons) is a football stadium in Angle Park, South Australia. The venue was built as only the second full size synthetic pitch in South Australia.

Angle Park, South Australia
Angle Park is a north-western suburb of Adelaide 10 km from the CBD, in the state of South Australia, Australia and falls under the City of Port Adelaide Enfield. It is adjacent to Wingfield, Mansfield Park, Ferryden Park, and Regency Park. The post code for Angle Park is 5010. It is bounded to the north by Grand Junction Road, west by Trafford Street, and to the east by Days Road and the North-South Motorway.
2017 6 Hours of The Glen
The 2017 Sahlen's Six Hours of the Glen was an endurance race sanctioned by the International Motor Sports Association (IMSA). The race was held at Watkins Glen International in Watkins Glen, New York on the July 2nd, 2017. This race was the sixth round of the 2017 WeatherTech SportsCar Championship.

IMSA
The International Motor Sports Association (IMSA) is a North American sports car racing sanctioning body based in Daytona Beach, Florida, under the jurisdiction of the ACCUS arm of the FIA. It was started by John Bishop, a former executive director of SCCA (Sports Car Club of America), and his wife Peggy in 1969 with help from Bill France Sr. of NASCAR. Beginning in 2014, IMSA is the sanctioning body of the WeatherTech SportsCar Championship, the premier series resulting from the merger of Grand-Am Road Racing and the American Le Mans Series.  IMSA is owned by NASCAR Holdings, as a subsidiary company with a designated board of directors.
Tracy Grant Lord
Tracy Grant Lord is a leading New Zealand scenographer and costume designer of ballet, theatre and opera. She has worked with numerous Australasian performance companies including the Royal New Zealand Ballet, New Zealand Opera, Australian Ballet, Opera Australia, Queensland Ballet as well as the Auckland, Sydney, Melbourne and Queensland Theatre Companies.

New Zealand Opera
New Zealand Opera is New Zealand's only full-time professional opera company, formed in 2000 from the merger of companies in Auckland and Wellington (and later Christchurch). New Zealand Opera is headquartered in Parnell, Auckland, stages several productions a year, runs educational programmes, and supports early-career opera singers with the Dame Malvina Major Foundation.
Three-check chess
Three-check chess, also simply known as three-check, is a chess variant where a player can win by placing their opponent in check three times. Apart from this, standard rules of chess apply, including starting position and other ending conditions, such as stalemate and checkmate. A move is considered to give one check if the king is threatened, regardless if multiple pieces are checking the king. Three-check can be played over the board, but it is also popular on internet chess servers such as Chess.com and Lichess.

Checkmate
Checkmate (often shortened to mate) is any game position in chess and other chess-like games in which a player's king is in check (threatened with capture) and there is no possible escape. Checkmating the opponent wins the game.

In chess, the king is never actually captured. The player loses as soon as their king is checkmated. In formal games, it is usually considered good etiquette to resign an inevitably lost game before being checkmated.

If a player is not in check but has no legal moves, then it is stalemate, and the game immediately ends in a draw. A checkmating move is recorded in algebraic notation using the hash symbol "#", for example: 34.Qg3#.