hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Clostridium novyi
Clostridium novyi (oedematiens) a Gram-positive, endospore- forming, obligate anaerobic bacteria of the class Clostridia. It is ubiquitous, being found in the soil and faeces. It is pathogenic, causing a wide variety of diseases in humans and animals.

Growth in culture proceeds through 3 stages: Initial growth wherein no toxin is produced; vigorous growth wherein toxin is produced; and spore formation wherein endospores are formed and toxin production decreases. It is suggested that type C may be type B that forms spores more readily so does not go through the toxin-production stage.

Isolating and identifying C novyi is difficult due to its extreme anaerobic nature. Commercial kits may not be adequate.

It is also fastidious and difficult to culture, requiring the presence of thiols.

Obligate anaerobe
Obligate anaerobes are microorganisms killed by normal atmospheric concentrations of oxygen (20.95% O2). Oxygen tolerance varies between species, with some species capable of surviving in up to 8% oxygen, while others lose viability in environments with an oxygen concentration greater than 0.5%.

Obligate anaerobes, which die when normal amounts of oxygen are present, are contrasted with obligate aerobes, which die without oxygen. Bacteria that fall in between these two extremes may be classified as either facultative anaerobes, which can use oxygen but also survive without it, or microaerophiles, which need lower levels of oxygen. Aerotolerant organisms are indifferent to the presence or absence of oxygen.
Battle of Kerch Strait (1790)
The naval Battle of (the) Kerch Strait (also known as Battle of Yenikale, by the old Turkish name of the strait near Kerch) took place on 19 July 1790 near Kerch, Crimea, was a victory for Imperial Russia over the Ottoman Empire during the Russo-Turkish War, 1787-1792.

Naval warfare
Naval warfare is combat in and on the sea, the ocean, or any other battlespace involving a major body of water such as a large lake or wide river.

The armed forces branch designated for naval warfare is a navy. Naval operations can be broadly divided into riverine/littoral applications (brown-water navy), open-ocean applications (blue-water navy), between riverine/littoral and open-ocean applications (green-water navy), although these distinctions are more about strategic scope than tactical or operational division. The strategic offensive purpose of naval warfare is projection of force by water, and its strategic defensive purpose is to challenge the similar projection of force by enemies.
Kisses (album)
Kisses is the fourth studio album by Brazilian singer Anitta, released on April 5, 2019 by Warner Music Brasil. Following the proposal of her EP Solo (2018), Kisses is a trilingual album, comprising Spanish, English and Portuguese. Furthermore, it is a visual project; that is, each song has its own music video. The album focuses on genres such as reggaeton and trap, also presenting subgenres in some songs such as pop music, Brazilian funk, R&B, electropop and MPB.

Upon release, Kisses received generally favorable reviews from music critics, who praised its production and some of its tracks. It received a Latin Grammy nomination for Best Urban Music Album.

Funk carioca
Funk carioca (Brazilian Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈfɐ̃k(i) kɐɾiˈɔkɐ, - kaɾ-]), also known as baile funk, Brazilian funk, or simply funk, is a Brazilian hip hop-influenced music genre from Rio de Janeiro, taking influences from musical styles such as Miami bass and freestyle.

In Brazil, "baile funk" refers not to the music, but to the actual parties or discotheques in which the music is played (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈbajli], from baile, meaning "ball"). Although it originated in Rio (carioca is a Rio demonym), "funk carioca" has become increasingly popular among working classes in other parts of Brazil. In the whole country, funk carioca is most often simply known as "funk", although it is very musically different from the American genre of funk music. In fact, it still shows its urban Afrobeat influences.
Twenty Houses of the Zodiac
Twenty Houses of the Zodiac is a 1979 English-language anthology of twenty science fiction short stories, many of them translated into English, for the 37th World Science Fiction Convention (or Worldcon). It was edited by Maxim Jakubowski and published by New English Library. Many of the included writers had never previously had their work translated into English. The majority of the English translations are unique to the anthology and were not previously or subsequently printed. It includes an introductory essay by Jakubowski.

37th World Science Fiction Convention
The 37th World Science Fiction Convention (Worldcon), also known as Seacon '79, was held on 23–26 August 1979 at the Metropole Hotel in Brighton, United Kingdom.

The convention committee was chaired by Peter Weston.
Ghatothkach
Ghatothkach is a 2008 Indian Hindi-language animated film based on the life of the Mahabharata character Ghatotkacha, the son of Bhima and Hidimba. The film is written and directed by Singeetam Srinivasa Rao, who also scored the soundtrack. The film was premiered at the 2008 Cannes Film Festival in the International Critics' Week, and was also premiered to special mention at the Grand Finale – Children's Film Festival 2014 of the 44th International Film Festival of India.

It was followed by a direct-to-video sequel, Ghatothkach 2, in 2013. Directed by Vijay S. Bhanushali and Smita Maroo it further follows the adventures of the child Ghatotkacha.

International Film Festival of India
The International Film Festival of India (IFFI), founded in 1952, is an annual film festival currently held in Goa, on the western coast of India. The festival aims at providing a common platform for the cinemas of the world to project the excellence of the film art; contributing to the understanding and appreciation of film cultures of different nations in the context of their social and cultural ethos, and promoting friendship and cooperation among people of the world. The festival is conducted jointly by the National Film Development Corporation of India (under the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting) and the state Government of Goa.
GNU Debugger
The GNU Debugger (GDB) is a portable debugger that runs on many Unix-like systems and works for many programming languages, including Ada, Assembly, C, C++, D, Fortran, Haskell, Go, Objective-C, OpenCL C, Modula-2, Pascal, Rust, and partially others. It detects problems in a program while letting it run and allows users to examine program variables and machine registers.

Haskell
Haskell (/ˈhæskəl/) is a general-purpose, statically typed, purely functional programming language with type inference and lazy evaluation. Haskell pioneered several programming language features including type classes for type-safe operator overloading and monadic input/output (IO). It is named after logician Haskell Curry. Haskell's main implementation is the Glasgow Haskell Compiler (GHC).

Haskell's semantics are historically based on those of the Miranda programming language, which served to focus the efforts of the initial Haskell working group. The last formal specification of the language was made in July 2010, while the development of GHC continues to expand Haskell via language extensions.

Haskell is used in academia and industry. As of May 2021, Haskell was the 28th most popular programming language by Google searches for tutorials,  and made up less than 1% of active users on the GitHub source code repository.
EcoHouse Group
EcoHouse Group Developments Ltd and EcoHouse Developments Ltd are defunct UK companies, registered in England and Wales.

The companies claimed to have been specialising in the construction of social housing through the Brazilian government's Minha Casa, Minha Vida programme; however, in August 2014 the Brazilian Embassy in Singapore (where Ecohouse attracted many investors) stated that the company had no relationship with the Brazilian government.

In November 2014 it appeared the company was not on the government's list of participants in the scheme, and the companies are subject to fraud investigations by the Brazilian police.

Federal government of Brazil
The Federal Government of Brazil (Governo Federal) is the national government of the Federative Republic of Brazil, a republic in South America divided into 26 states and a federal district. The Brazilian federal government is divided into three branches: the executive, which is headed by the President and the cabinet; the legislative, whose powers are vested by the Constitution in the National Congress; and the judiciary, whose powers are vested in nine organs, including the Supreme Federal Court and lower federal courts. The seat of the federal government is located in Brasília.
Hélio Silva
Hélio de Oliveira e Silva (28 May 1926 – 3 August 2006), also known as Paluca, was a Brazilian Olympic backstroke swimmer, who participated at one Summer Olympics for his native country.

At the 1948 Summer Olympics in London, he swam the 100-metre backstroke, reaching the semifinals.

Silva died in Niterói on 3 August 2006, at the age of 80.

Swimming at the 1948 Summer Olympics
At the 1948 Summer Olympics in London, 11 swimming events were contested, six for men and five for women.  All swimming events took place at the Empire Pool.  There was a total of 249 participants from 34 countries competing.
Mike Carman
Mike Carman (born April 14, 1988) is an American bandy player and former professional ice hockey player. He played in the American Hockey League for the Lake Erie Monsters, Hershey Bears and the  Wilkes-Barre Scranton Penguins. He was selected by the Colorado Avalanche in the 3rd round (81st overall) of the 2006 NHL Entry Draft.

2006 NHL entry draft
The 2006 NHL entry draft was the 44th entry draft for the National Hockey League. It was held at General Motors Place in Vancouver, British Columbia, on June 24, 2006.

The draft order for the first 14 picks was decided during a lottery held on April 20, 2006. The draft was televised in Canada on TSN and RDS, with the first three hours simulcast in the United States on OLN.

As of 2025, there are 11 active NHL players from this draft year.
Nuthankal mandal
Nuthankal mandal is one of the 23 mandals in Suryapet district of the Indian state of Telangana. It is under the administration of Suryapet revenue division with its headquarters at Nuthankal.  It is bounded by Thungathurthy mandal towards its west, Athmakur (S) mandal towards its south, Maddirala mandal towards its north, and Mahabubabad district towards its east.

Suryapet district
Suryapet district is a district in the Indian state of Telangana. The city of Suryapet is the district headquarters. The district has three revenue divisions Suryapet, Kodad and Huzurnagar. It is sub-divided into 23 mandals. The district shares boundaries with Nalgonda, Khammam, Yadadri, Jangaon and Mahabubabad districts and with the state of Andhra Pradesh.
Sudanese Canadians
Sudanese Canadians (Arabic: كنديون سودانيون) include Canadians of Sudanese ancestry and Sudanese immigrants to Canada. They include refugees from the Second Sudanese Civil War. The Canada 2021 Census recorded 17,490 people who reported their ethnicity as Sudanese.

Second Sudanese Civil War
The Second Sudanese Civil War was a conflict from 1983 to 2005 between the central Sudanese government and the Sudan People's Liberation Army. It was largely a continuation of the First Sudanese Civil War of 1955 to 1972. Although it originated in southern Sudan, the civil war spread to the Nuba Mountains and the Blue Nile. It lasted for almost 22 years and is one of the longest civil wars on record. The war resulted in the independence of South Sudan 6 years after the war ended.

Roughly two million people died as a result of war, famine and disease caused by the conflict. Four million people in southern Sudan were displaced at least once, normally repeatedly during the war. The civilian death toll is one of the highest of any war since World War II and was marked by numerous human rights violations, including slavery and mass killings.
Charles Pasquier
Charles Simon Pasquier (Brussels, 3 June 1914, date of death unknown) was a Belgian canoeist who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics.  He was born in Brussels.  In 1936 he and his partner Armand Pagnoulle finished eighth in the folding K-2 10000 m event.

Canoeing at the 1936 Summer Olympics – Men's folding K-2 10000 metres
These are the results of the men's folding K-2 10000 metres competition in canoeing at the 1936 Summer Olympics. The K-2 event is raced by two-man canoe sprint folding kayaks. The race took place on Friday, August 7.

Twenty-six canoeists from 13 nations competed. The 1936 Games was the only time that the folding K-2 10000 metres was including in the canoeing competition.
Mulumba
Mulumba is a given name and a surname. Notable people with the name include:

Given name:

Gérard Mulumba Kalemba (1937–2020), Congolese prelate of the Catholic Church

Mulumba Lukoji (1943–1997), Congolese politician

Mulumba Mukendi (born 1985), football striker from DR Congo

Surname:

Andy Mulumba (born 1990), Congolese-Canadian professional American football linebacker

Daniel Mulumba (1962–2012), the first Ugandan swimmer to compete at the Olympic Games

Fiston Mbaya Mulumba (born 1996), Congolese boxer

Ivan Matthias Mulumba, Ugandan writer and valuation surveyor

Kabongo Mulumba, Democratic Republic of the Congo karateka

Mabi Mulumba (born 1941), Congolese former politician

Matiya Mulumba (1836–1886), Ugandan Roman Catholic, one of the Martyrs of Uganda

Rémi Mulumba (born 1992), professional footballer

Tryphon Kin-Kiey Mulumba (born 1949), Congolese politician

Christophe Mulumba-Tshimanga (born 1993), professional Canadian football linebacker

Andy Mulumba
Andy Leon Mulumba Kabaluapa (born January 31, 1990) is a Congolese-Canadian former professional football linebacker. He played college football for Eastern Michigan. He was selected by the Winnipeg Blue Bombers second overall in the 2013 CFL draft but subsequently signed with the Green Bay Packers as an undrafted free agent.
Cornel Zimmer Organ Builders
Cornel Zimmer Organ Builders, distinct from W. Zimmer and Sons, is an organ manufacturer in Denver, North Carolina. The business is run by Cornel Zweifel Zimmer (born 13 June 1961 in Potchefstrom, South Africa. Cornel Zimmer is a fourth generation organ builder.

Zimmer organs are at many churches including notable sites such as Cathedral of Our Lady of Perpetual Help (Oklahoma City) and St. John's Lutheran Church (Atlanta, Georgia).

Denver, North Carolina
Denver, formerly known as Dry Pond, is a census-designated place and unincorporated community in Lincoln County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 2,309.

Known as “Dry Pond” until 1873, it was renamed “Denver” (after the capital of the then territory of Colorado) as a marketing and growth strategy directed towards the emerging railroad industry. The name change was championed by D. Matt Thompson, a local principal. The town was incorporated as such from 1877 until 1971, when the town lost its charter and was reincorporated back into Lincoln County.
Fernand Sorlot
Fernand Sorlot (2 March 1904, Bédoin, Vaucluse – 10 August 1981, Le Vaumain, Oise) was a French editor and publisher. In 1934, his publishing company, the Nouvelles Éditions latines, published a French translation of Mein Kampf by Adolf Hitler. Sorlot did not own the copyright, and he was sued by the Franz Eher Nachfolger, mainly because Hitler did not want the French to read the book. Meanwhile, from 1935 to 1940, Sorlot was the co-editor of Le Front latin, a fascist journal. After World War II, Sorlot was convicted of Indignité nationale for ten years.

Vaucluse
Vaucluse (French: [voklyz]; Provençal: Vauclusa (Classical norm) or Vau-Cluso (Mistralian norm)) is a department in the southeastern French region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur. It had a population of 561,469 as of 2019. The department's prefecture is Avignon.

It is named after a spring, the Fontaine de Vaucluse, one of the largest karst springs in the world. The name Vaucluse itself derives from the Latin Vallis Clausa ("closed valley") as the valley ends in a cliff face from which the spring emanates.
Polupalli
Polupalli is a Census Town in Krishnagiri district, Tamil Nadu. Polupalli SIDCO Industrial Estate is located here. It is located North-West of Krishnagiri on  NH 7. It is 6 km from Krishnagiri, 35 km (22 mi) from Hosur and 70 km (43 mi) from Bangalore.

Krishnagiri
Krishnagiri (IPA: [kiɾɯʂɳaɡiɾi]) is a city in the state of Tamil Nadu, India, and it serves as the administrative headquarters of Krishnagiri District formed in 2004. It is located at the bottom of Krishnadevaraya Hills, and the town is fully surrounded by hill rocks. It is located 250 km from Chennai, 45 km from Dharmapuri, and 90 km from Bengaluru. Krishnagiri is known as "Mango Capital of India" as mangoes are cultivated as the main crop, and the land here is extremely fertile with rich access to fresh water making it amenable to growing crops. Krishnagiri  is the site of significant business and residential development. The Krishnagiri Dam was built in 1967.
Stephen Elliott (author)
Stephen Elliott (born December 3, 1971) is an American writer, editor, and filmmaker who has written and published seven books and directed two films. He is the founder and former Editor-in-Chief of the online literary magazine The Rumpus. In December 2014, he became senior editor at Epic Magazine.

Stegner Fellowship
The Stegner Fellowship program is a two-year creative writing fellowship at Stanford University. The award is named after American Wallace Stegner (1909–1993), a historian, novelist, short story writer, environmentalist, and Stanford faculty member who founded the university's creative writing program.

Ten fellowships are awarded every year, five in fiction and five in poetry. The recipients do not need a degree to receive the fellowships, though many fellows already hold the terminal M.F.A. degree in creative writing. A workshop-based program, no degree is awarded after the two-year fellowship. Prior to 1990, many fellows also enrolled in Stanford's now-defunct M.A. program in creative writing.

Stegner fellows receive a stipend of $75,000 per year, as well as health insurance and their tuition fee for Stanford. Fellows are required to live close enough to Stanford to be able to attend all workshops, as well as other department-related readings and events.
The Hazzards
The Hazzards, formerly known as The Ukes of Hazzard, is an American ukulele-based band, best known for their cult hit single "Gay Boyfriend".

Founded by Sydney Maresca and Anne Harris after they met at a party in 2000, The Hazzards started out as a ukulele/Casio SK-1/glockenspiel/tambourine duo.

In 2005, three further musicians joined the band, and consists of:

Sydney Maresca

Anne Harris

Will Carlough (drums)

Andrew Dickerson (bass)

Paul Thureen (harp)

The band's biggest hit, "Gay Boyfriend", had an unconventional novelty music video, created for a small internet site, which gained international airplay on MTV and most other music networks, especially in the United Kingdom. It became an internet cult hit with over two million downloads. In November 2003, the Europop remix debuted at #67 on the UK Singles Chart, but left after a week.

The Hazzards also appeared on multiple episodes of the U.S. television program Rad Girls on Fuse.

Glockenspiel
The glockenspiel (/ˈɡlɒkənʃpiːl/ GLO-kən-shpeel; German pronunciation: [ˈɡlɔkənˌʃpiːl] or [ˈɡlɔkn̩ˌʃpiːl], Glocken: bells and Spiel: play) or bells is a percussion instrument consisting of pitched aluminum or steel bars arranged in a keyboard layout. This makes the glockenspiel a type of metallophone, similar to the vibraphone.

The glockenspiel is played by striking the bars with mallets, often made of a hard material such as metal or plastic. Its clear, high-pitched tone is often heard in orchestras, wind ensembles, marching bands, and in popular music.
Mar Athanasius College
Mar Athanasius College is a general degree-level college located in Kothamangalam, in the Indian state of Kerala. Established in 1955, the college is affiliated with Mahatma Gandhi University and offers undergraduate, postgraduate, and research-level programmes in arts, commerce, and sciences.

The college was ranked 74th among colleges in India by the National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) in 2024.

National Institutional Ranking Framework
National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) is a ranking methodology released annually by the Ministry of Education, Government of India, to rank institutions of higher education in India. The framework was approved by the former Ministry of Human Resource Development (now the Ministry of Education) and launched by the Minister on 29 September 2015.

Depending on their areas of operation,  institutions have been ranked under 11 different categories – overall, university, colleges, engineering, management, pharmacy, law, medical, architecture, dental and research. The Framework uses several parameters for ranking purposes like resources, research, and stakeholder perception. These parameters have been grouped into five clusters and these clusters were assigned certain weights. These weights depend on the type of institution. About 3500 institutions voluntarily participated in the first round of rankings.
Late Night Tales: Midlake
Late Night Tales: Midlake is a mix album compiled by folk rock band Midlake and released through Late Night Stories on March 28, 2011. The album is the 23rd in the Late Night Tales series.

Midlake's Late Night Tales selection '"tracks the fringes where disparate strains of art-rock, folk and folk-rock rub up against each other...an intriguing blend of old and new, with antique obscurities by such as Jimmie Spheeris and Bob Carpenter alongside more recent cuts from the likes of Espers and Björk." Their compilation features tracks from artists such as Fairport Convention, Steeleye Span, Björk, Espers, and Vashti Bunyan. It also features an exclusive in Midlake's cover of the Black Sabbath song "Am I Going Insane" off their 1975 album Sabotage.

Steeleye Span
Steeleye Span are a British folk rock band formed in 1969 in England by Fairport Convention bass player Ashley Hutchings and established London folk club duo Tim Hart and Maddy Prior. The band were part of the 1970s British folk revival, and were commercially successful in that period, with four Top 40 albums and two hit singles: "Gaudete" and "All Around My Hat".

Steeleye Span have seen many personnel changes, with Maddy Prior being the only remaining original member of the band. Their musical repertoire consists of mostly traditional songs with one or two instrumental tracks of jigs and/or reels added; the traditional songs often include some of the Child Ballads. In their later albums there has been an increased tendency to include music written by the band members, but they have never moved completely away from traditional music, which draws upon pan-British traditions.