hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Parson-naturalist
A parson-naturalist was a cleric (a "parson", strictly defined as a country priest who held the living of a parish, but the term is generally extended to other clergy), who often saw the study of natural science as an extension of his religious work. The philosophy entailed the belief that God, as the creator of all things, wanted man to understand his creations and thus to study them by collecting and classifying organisms and other natural phenomena.

The natural theologians John Ray (1627–1705) and William Paley (1743–1805) argued that the elaborate complexity of the world of nature was evidence for the existence of a creator. Accordingly, a parson-naturalist frequently made use of his insights into philosophy and theology when interpreting what he observed in natural history.

William Paley
William Paley (July 1743 – 25 May 1805) was an English Anglican clergyman, philosopher, and utilitarian. He was at times referred to as a Christian apologist by his critics. He is best known for his natural theology exposition of the teleological argument for the existence of God in his 1802 work Natural Theology or Evidences of the Existence and Attributes of the Deity, which made use of the watchmaker analogy.
Carex thouarsii
Carex thouarsii is a species of sedge found in the Tristan da Cunha archipelago. It lives chiefly in heaths dominated by Blechnum palmiforme, and Phylica arborea woodland. It is widespread and common on Tristan da Cunha and Inaccessible Island, but scarce on Nightingale Island, possibly due to a lack of habitat. It was first described by Dugald Carmichael in 1819 following the British annexation of Tristan da Cunha in 1816.

Inaccessible Island
Inaccessible Island is a volcanic island located in the South Atlantic Ocean, 31 km (19 mi) south-west of Tristan da Cunha. Its highest point, Swale's Fell, reaches 581 m (1,906 ft), and the island is 12.65 km2 (4.88 sq mi) in area. The volcano was last active approximately one million years ago and is now extinct.

Inaccessible Island is a part of the archipelago of Tristan da Cunha, which is a part of the overseas territory of the United Kingdom known as Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha. Tristan da Cunha itself is accessible only by sea via a seven-day voyage from Cape Town, South Africa. The harbour on Inaccessible Island allows access for only a few days of the year. Access to Inaccessible Island must be granted by the local government office.
Shkorpilovtsi
Shkorpilovtsi (Bulgarian: Шкорпиловци) is a small village and sea resort in Dolni Chiflik Municipality on the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast, located only 100 m away from one of the beaches on the Moesian Black Sea Coast. Its proximity to the sea capital of Bulgaria, Varna, makes it a preferred holiday destination for many Bulgarian and foreign tourists.

The resort was named after the Czech–Bulgarian archaeologist brothers Karel and Hermann Škorpil, long-time citizens of Varna.

Moesia
Moesia (/ˈmiːʃə, -siə, -ʒə/; Latin: Moesia; Greek: Μοισία, romanized: Moisía) was a Roman province situated in the Haemus  Peninsula, south of the Danube River. Created after the Danubian-Hæmus conquest during the reign of Augustus, Moesia included most of the territory of modern eastern Serbia, Kosovo, north-eastern Albania, northern parts of North Macedonia (Moesia Superior), Northern Bulgaria, Romanian Dobruja and small parts of Southern Ukraine (Moesia Inferior).
Demirlipınar, Batman
Demirlipınar (Kurdish: Mozgelan) is a village in the Batman District of Batman Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Reşkotan tribe and had a population of 744 in 2021.

The hamlets of Çayeli and Yüksektepe are attached to the village.

Batman Province
Batman Province (Turkish: Batman ili; Kurdish: Parêzgeha Êlihê, transl. "Province of Êlih"; Armenian: Բատմանի զավառ, transl. "Province of Batman") is a province in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. It was created in May 1990 with Law No. 3647, incorporating districts from the eastern Siirt Province and the southern Mardin Province. The province has an area of 4,477 km2 (1,729 sq mi) and a population of 634,491 (2022). Its current governor is Ekrem Canalp.

The province is considered part of Turkish Kurdistan and has a Kurdish majority. It is an important center for Turkey's oil industry, which has driven rapid urbanization since the mid-20th century.
Louis César de La Baume Le Blanc
Louis César de La Baume Le Blanc (French pronunciation: [lwi sezaʁ də la bom lə blɑ̃]), duc de Vaujours, duc de La Vallière (9 October 1708 – 16 November 1780), was a French nobleman, bibliophile and military man. The present duc d'Uzès and duc de Luynes descend from him.

Bookworm
A bookworm or bibliophile is an individual who loves and frequently reads or collects books. Bibliophilia or bibliophilism is the love of books.

Bibliophiles may have large, specialized book collections. They may highly value old editions, autographed copies, or illustrated versions. Bibliophilia is distinct from bibliomania, a compulsive obsession to collect books which can affect interpersonal relationships or health. The term "bibliophile" has been in use since 1820 and has been associated with historical figures like Lord Spencer and J.P. Morgan, who were known for their extensive book collections.
31st Guldbagge Awards
The 31st Guldbagge Awards ceremony, presented by the Swedish Film Institute, honored the best Swedish films of 1995, and took place on February 12, 1996. Lust och fägring stor directed by Bo Widerberg was presented with the award for Best Film.

Guldbagge Award for Best Film
The Guldbagge for Best Film is a Swedish film award presented annually by the Swedish Film Institute (SFI) as part of the Guldbagge Awards (Swedish: "Guldbaggen") to the best Swedish motion picture of the year.
IWRG Guerra de Sexos
Guerra de Sexos is a professional wrestling event produced annually by Lucha Libre promotion International Wrestling Revolution Group (IWRG). The event was established in 2011 and is held in February. The concept of the show was that each main event match was to be contested as a Mixed Steel Cage Match, with male, female, Mini-Estrella and Exótico competitors in the match at the same time. The last person in the cage would be forced to either remove their wrestling mask, or if already unmask have their hair shaved off under the Lucha de Apuestas, or bet match, rules. Being professional wrestling events, matches are not won legitimately through athletic competition; they are instead won via predetermined outcomes to the matches that is kept secret from the general public. Wrestlers portray either heels (the bad guys, referred to as Rudos in Mexico) or faces (fan favorites or Técnicos in Mexico). IWRG has not held a Guerra de Sexos event since 2012.

Card (sports)
In sports, a card lists the matches taking place in a title match combat-sport event. Cards include a main event match and the undercard listing the rest of the matches. The undercard may be divided into a midcard and a lower card, according to the perceived importance of the matches.  Promoters schedule matches to occur in ascending order of importance.
West of England Premier League
The West of England Premier League (WEPL) is the top level of competition for recreational club cricket in the West of England and is a designated ECB Premier League.

Since its inception in 1999, the most successful club has been Bath, having won the Premier One title on thirteen occasions.  The only other clubs to have won the title on more than one occasion are Frocester (2007, 2014, and 2015), Clevedon (2018 and 2021), and Taunton St Andrews (2001 and 2009).

West of England
The West of England is an area of South West England around the River Avon. The area has a local government combined authority that consists of the unitary authorities of Bristol, South Gloucestershire, and Bath and North East Somerset. The combined authority is led by the Mayor of the West of England Helen Godwin. The city of Bristol is the region's largest population centre. Before the region, from 1974 until 1996, the area was under the County of Avon with North Somerset.
Norman Shelley
Norman Shelley (16 February 1903 – 21 August 1980) was a British actor, best known for his work in radio, in particular for the BBC's Children's Hour. He also had a recurring role as Colonel Danby in the long-running radio soap opera The Archers.

Perhaps Shelley's single best-known role was as Winnie-the-Pooh in Children's Hour adaptations of A.A. Milne's stories; for many British people of the mid-20th century, his is the definitive voice of Pooh.
Other roles for Children's Hour included Dr. Watson (opposite Carleton Hobbs as Holmes) in the 1952–1969 Sherlock Holmes radio series; Toad in Kenneth Grahame's The Wind in the Willows; and the role of Dennis the Dachshund in the specially written Toytown series. Shelley also played the parts of Gandalf and Tom Bombadil in the 1955-56 radio adaptation of J. R. R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings. In the 1973 BBC television series Jack the Ripper Shelley played Detective Constable Walter Dew.

Jack the Ripper (1973 TV series)
Jack the Ripper is a six-part BBC police procedural made in 1973, in which the case of the Jack the Ripper murders is reopened and analysed by Detective Chief Superintendents Barlow and Watt (Stratford Johns and Frank Windsor, respectively). These characters were hugely popular with UK TV viewers at the time from their appearances on the long-running police series Z-Cars and its sequels Softly, Softly and Barlow at Large. The programme was presented partly as a discussion between the two principals in the present day, interspersed with dramatised-documentary scenes set in the 19th century. The series discusses suspects and conspiracies, but concludes there is insufficient evidence to determine who was Jack the Ripper. The experiment was seen to be a success, and the formula was repeated in 1976 with Second Verdict, in which Barlow and Watt cast their gaze over miscarriages of justice and unsolved mysteries from the past.
Jutta Kleinschmidt
Jutta Kleinschmidt (born 29 August 1962) is a German competitor of offroad automotive racing events. She is known for her numerous showings in the Paris Dakar Rally, and notably for having won the event in 2001, becoming the first woman driver to win the race and the only German to win the car category. In 2013, Kleinschmidt was named an FIM Legend for her motorcycling achievements.

Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme
The International Motorcycling Federation (Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme) or (FIM) is the global governing/sanctioning body of motorcycle racing. It represents 123 national motorcycle federations that are divided into six continental unions.

There are ten motorcycle-racing disciplines that FIM covers, encompassing 62 international championships as well as 188 secondary championships of circuit racing, enduro, Speedway Racing, Trials, Off-Roading, Motorcross, Supercross, Sno-Cross, Sidecars, and E-Bikes. FIM is also involved in many non-racing activities that promote the sport, its safety, and support relevant public policy. The FIM is also the first international sporting federation to publish an Environmental Code, in 1994. In 2007, a Commission for Women in Motorcycling was created by the FIM in order to promote the use of powered two-wheelers and the motorcycle sport among women.
Ernestine Cannon
Ernestine Cannon (1904-1969), also known as Ernestine Virden-Cannon, was an American ceramicist and designer of dinner ware whose business, Ernestine, was based in Italy.  Cannon lived in Salerno during the Second World War, where in 1948 she established her business in response to the post-war poverty she saw there. In 1949 the earthenware produced to Cannon's designs was featured at a Pittsburgh trade show by her exclusive representatives Fisher, Bruce & Co, bringing wider attention to her work and leading to its sale through department stores such as Neiman Marcus. In 1951 Cannon was awarded a Neiman Marcus Fashion Award, the reason given that her "creative designs" had "brought new life to the ceramic industry of Italy."

Examples of Cannon's ceramics are housed in the Dallas Museum of Art.

Neiman Marcus
Neiman Marcus is an American upmarket department store chain founded in 1907 in Dallas, Texas by Herbert Marcus, his sister Carrie Marcus Neiman, and her husband Abraham Lincoln Neiman. The company is known for its luxury merchandise, including its annual offerings for the holiday season, inclusive of its Fantasy gifts. It was owned by the Neiman Marcus Group from 1987 to 2024, which also included Bergdorf Goodman and the clearance outlet Neiman Marcus Last Call, among others. In 2024 it was acquired by Saks Global. As of 2025 Neiman Marcus had 36 stores throughout the United States.
Ed Fry
Edward "Son" Fry (1879–1968) was an Australian rugby league and rugby union footballer. He was one of the founding players of rugby league in Australia at the time of the rebel code's breakaway from rugby union. He played for New South Wales in the very first rugby match run by the newly created 'New South Wales Rugby Football League' which had just split away from the established New South Wales Rugby Football Union.

Alan Whiticker
Alan James Whiticker (born 1958) is an Australian non-fiction author and publisher, with over 50 published books on history, sport, biography, true crime and lifestyle.

Whiticker writes primarily on matters pertaining to the history of the sport of rugby league in Australia, but he has also published works on subjects as diverse as classical film, pop culture, the Wanda Beach Murders and an adaptation of Homer's Iliad. He is a former teacher and commissioning editor for a publishing company but now works as a freelance writer.
Portrait of Bishop Bernardo de' Rossi
The Portrait of Bishop Bernardo de' Rossi is an oil-on-panel painting by the Italian High Renaissance painter Lorenzo Lotto, dating to 1505. It is housed in the National Museum of Capodimonte of Naples, southern Italy.

The work dates to Lotto's stay in Treviso, and featured a cover with title, signature and dates, identified as the Allegory of Virtues and Vices now at the National Gallery of Art in Washington, United States. The portrait was brought to Parma by Bernardo de' Rossi when he fled there in 1524. Here it became part of the Farnese collection, which was transferred to Naples  in 1760.

Panel painting
A panel painting is a painting made on a flat panel of wood, either a single piece or a number of pieces joined together. Until canvas became the more popular support medium in the 16th century, panel painting was the normal method, when not painting directly onto a wall (fresco) or on vellum (used for miniatures in illuminated manuscripts). Wood panels were also used for mounting vellum paintings.
Peor es Nada
Peor es Nada (lit. Worse is Nothing) is a rural area located in the commune of Chimbarongo, the Colchagua Province of the O'Higgins Region of Chile.

Peor es Nada is an eminently rural place, mainly dependant on fruit production (pears and apples), mostly concentrated in the San Ignacio estate. However, the construction of Convento Viejo Reservoir, threatens this source of income, since it would flood agricultural areas of the San Ignacio farm, as well as two other locations in Chimbarongo: Convento Viejo and San Miguel.

O'Higgins Region
The Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins Region (Spanish: Región del Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins, pronounced [liβeɾtaˈðoɾ xeneˈɾal βeɾˈnaɾðo oˈçiɣins]), often shortened to O'Higgins Region (Spanish: Región de O'Higgins), is one of Chile's 16 first order administrative divisions. It is subdivided into three provinces. It is named in honour of Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme, one of Chile's founding fathers.

The Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins Region is bordered to the west by the Pacific Ocean, to the east by the Republic of Argentina, to the north by the Valparaíso and Santiago Metropolitan Regions, and to the south by the Maule Region. It extends approximately between the parallels of 33° 51' and 35° 01' south latitude, and between the meridian of 70° 02' west longitude and the Pacific Ocean.

The capital and largest city of the region is Rancagua. The second major town is San Fernando.
Andaseat
Andaseat is a Chinese based gaming chair manufacturing company. It operates in the United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Europe, Australia, and Asia, with its headquarters in Shenzhen. Andaseat chairs are choices for esport teams such as Natus Vincere, EXCEL, Fnatic etc. The products of Andaseat have met positive responses from IGN, Kotaku, Forbes, PC Gamer, CNET, PCMag.

Microsoft Excel
Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet editor developed by Microsoft for Windows, macOS, Android, iOS and iPadOS. It features calculation or computation capabilities, graphing tools, pivot tables, and a macro programming language called Visual Basic for Applications (VBA).

Excel forms part of the Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Office suites of software and has been developed since 1985.
Paul Wilhelm Schmiedel
Paul Wilhelm Schmiedel (December 22, 1851 – April 10, 1935) was a German theologian and professor of New Testament exegesis born in Zaukeroda (Zauckerode, now a part of Freital, Saxony) near Dresden.

He studied theology in Jena, where he had as instructors Otto Pfleiderer (1839–1908) and Richard Adelbert Lipsius (1830–1892). In 1879 he received his habilitation, and from 1893 to 1923 was a full professor at the University of Zurich.

Schmiedel was the author of "The Johannine Writings" (Evangelium, Briefe und Offenbarung des Johannes nach ihrer Entstehung und Bedeutung, translated into English in 1908) and an 1894 revision of Georg Benedikt Winer's Grammatik des neutestamentlichen Sprachidioms. He also made important contributions to the Encyclopaedia Biblica.

Encyclopaedia Biblica
Encyclopaedia Biblica: A Critical Dictionary of the Literary, Political and Religion History, the Archeology, Geography and Natural History of the Bible (1899), edited by Thomas Kelly Cheyne and J. Sutherland Black, is a critical encyclopedia of the Bible. In theology and biblical studies, it is often referenced as Enc. Bib., or as Cheyne and Black.
Janet Halley
Janet Elizabeth Halley (born February 1952) is an American legal scholar who is the Eli Goldston Professor of Law at Harvard Law School. Her work is influenced by critical legal studies, legal realism and postmodernism.

A self-described feminist, Halley is known for her critique of American feminism, dominance feminism, and left legalism, as well as her work on family law and the regulation of sexuality. She has also been a prominent voice in the public debate regarding sexual conduct codes on campuses in the United States in recent years, arguing against the broadening of the definition sexual assault and the adoption of the affirmative consent standard. She was the first expert on gender and sexuality in the legal system to receive a position at Harvard University.

Consent
Consent occurs when one person voluntarily agrees to the proposal or desires of another. It is a term of common speech, with specific definitions used in such fields as the law, medicine, research, and sexual consent. Consent as understood in specific contexts may differ from its everyday meaning. For example, a person with a mental disorder, a low mental age, or under the legal age of sexual consent may willingly engage in a sexual act that still fails to meet the legal threshold for consent as defined by applicable law.

United Nations agencies and initiatives in sex education programs believe that teaching the topic of consent as part of a comprehensive sexuality education is beneficial. Types of consent include implied consent, express consent, informed consent and unanimous consent.
2018 Libéma Open – Men's doubles
Łukasz Kubot and Marcelo Melo were the defending champions, but lost in the semifinals to Dominic Inglot and Franko Škugor.

Inglot and Škugor went on to win the title, defeating Raven Klaasen and Michael Venus in the final, 7–6(7–3), 7–5.

Raven Klaasen
Raven Klaasen (/ˈklɑːsən/ KLAH-sən; born 16 October 1982) is a South African professional tennis player who specialises in doubles.

He achieved his career-high doubles ranking of world No. 7 in August 2019, and has won 19 doubles titles on the ATP Tour, including two at Masters 1000 level. Klaasen is a two-time Grand Slam finalist, having finished runner-up at the 2014 Australian Open alongside Eric Butorac, and the 2018 Wimbledon Championships with Michael Venus. He was also runner up at the ATP Finals in both 2016 and 2019, partnering Rajeev Ram and Venus respectively.

In singles, Klaasen has a career-high ranking of world No. 208, achieved in October 2011.

He has represented South Africa in the Davis Cup since 2009, and has a win–loss record of 13–4.

He reached his 300th match win at the 2022 Estoril Open with Ben McLachlan defeating Hugo Nys/Jan Zieliński in the round of 16.
Fukuoka 5th district
Fukuoka 5th district (福岡県第5区, Fukuoka-ken dai-goku or simply 福岡5区, Fukuoka-goku) is a single-member constituency of the House of Representatives in the national Diet of Japan located in Fukuoka Prefecture.

Asakura District, Fukuoka
Asakura (朝倉郡, Asakura-gun) is a district located in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the district has an estimated population of 50,658 and a density of 255.01 persons per km2. The total area is 198.65 km2. Water wheels form one of the attractions of the district.
Andrea Pezzi
Andrea Pezzi (born November 21, 1973, Ravenna, Italy) is an Italian TV presenter and entrepreneur. He made his debut as a DJ for Radio Deejay and later became a video jockey for MTV Europe and MTV Italia from 1996 to 2003. Pezzi later moved to RAI and Mediaset to work as a television host.

From 2001 to 2006 Pezzi was a communication advisor for international companies focused on the youth target (among them Nike, L'Oreal, Diesel, etc.). At the same time he was a columnist for the financial newspaper Il Sole 24 Ore.

In 2006 he founded OVO, a media company that produces short encyclopaedic documentary videos for media platforms. In 2014 Pezzi founded Myntelligence, a platform for digital advertising automation.

Il Sole 24 Ore
Il Sole 24 Ore (Italian: [il ˈsoːle ˌventiˈkwattro ˈoːre]; English: "The Sun 24 Hours") is the Italian financial newspaper of record, owned by Confindustria, the Italian employers' federation. Il Sole 24 Ore is the leading financial daily in Italy.
2006 IIHF World U18 Championships
The 2006 IIHF World U18 Championships were held in Ängelholm and Halmstad, Sweden. The championships began on April 12, 2006 and finished on April 22, 2006. Games were played at Ängelholms Ishall in Ängelholm and Sannarps Isstadion in Halmstad. The United States to claim the gold medal, after defeated Finland 3–1 in the final, while the Czech Republic defeated Canada 4–1 to capture the bronze medal.

Israel men's national under-18 ice hockey team
The Israel men's national under-18 ice hockey team is the men's national under-18 ice hockey team of Israel. The team is controlled by the Ice Hockey Federation of Israel, a member of the International Ice Hockey Federation. The team represents Israel at the IIHF World U18 Championships.
Croatia at the 2019 Winter Deaflympics
Croatia competed at the 2019 Winter Deaflympics held between 12 and 21 December 2019 in Province of Sondrio in Northern Italy. The country won three bronze medals and the country finished in 15th place in the medal table.

Province of Sondrio
The province of Sondrio (Italian: provincia di Sondrio), also known as Valtellina (the major valley of the province) is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its provincial capital is the city of Sondrio.

As of 2024, it has a population of 179,165.