hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cognitive and linguistic theories of composition
Cognitive science and linguistic theory have played an important role in providing empirical research into the writing process and serving the teaching of composition. As for composition theories, there is some dispute concerning the appropriateness of tying these two schools of thought together into one theory of composition. However, their empirical basis for research and ties to the process theory of composition and cognitive science can be thought to warrant some connection.

Cognitive science
Cognitive science is the interdisciplinary, scientific study of the mind and its processes. It examines the nature, the tasks, and the functions of cognition (in a broad sense). Mental faculties of concern to cognitive scientists include perception, memory, attention, reasoning, language, and emotion. To understand these faculties, cognitive scientists borrow from fields such as psychology, philosophy, artificial intelligence, neuroscience, linguistics, and anthropology. The typical analysis of cognitive science spans many levels of organization, from learning and decision-making to logic and planning; from neural circuitry to modular brain organization. One of the fundamental concepts of cognitive science is that "thinking can best be understood in terms of representational structures in the mind and computational procedures that operate on those structures."
Stepan Topal
Stepan Mikhailovich Topal (18 January 1938 – 29 September 2018) was a Moldovan politician of Gagauz ancestry. From 1990 to 1995 he served as the only leader and President of the Gagauz Republic; after reintegration into Moldova he served until 1995 as Governor (başkan) of Gagauzia.

Governor of Gagauzia
The governor of Gagauzia (Gagauz: Başkan, pronounced [ˈbaʃkan]) is the highest political position in Gagauzia, an autonomous territorial unit of the Republic of Moldova. They chair the Executive Committee of Gagauzia and are an ex-officio member of the Cabinet of Moldova.
Dobrogeites
Dobrogeites is a genus of ammonoids from the order Ceratitida, included in the family Megaphyllitidae that produced evolute compressed planispiral shells with rounded venters, inner whorls ornamented as in Tirolites, outer whorls smooth, suture with multiple smooth lobes; Initially found in Anisian (lower Triassic) sediments in Romania.

The Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part L put Dobrogeites in the Ceratitacean family Aplococeratidae.  E.T. Tozer in 1981 includes the genus in the Megaphyllitidae,  uniting it with Megaphyllites, Metasturia, and Nitanoceras.

Ceratitoidea
Ceratitoidea, formerly Ceratitaceae, is an ammonite superfamily in order Ceratitida characterized in general by highly ornamented or tuberculate shells with ceratitic sutures that may become goniatitic or ammonitic in some offshoots. (Arkell et al. 1962)
Underland (book)
Underland: A Deep Time Journey is a book by Robert Macfarlane and the sequel to The Old Ways: A Journey on Foot. Initially published in English on 2 May 2019 by Hamish Hamilton in the UK and on 4 June 2019 by W. W. Norton & Company in the US, the book has been translated into over a dozen languages. An audiobook, read by Matthew Waterson, was also released in June 2019 by HighBridge Audio.

The book is a descriptive journey by the author of different subterranean landscapes that he explores, including caving in the Mendip Hills, the Catacombs of Paris, the Karst Plateau, an underground laboratory for detecting evidence of dark matter, and descending into a glacier's moulin among other explorations. These underground spaces represent "burial and unburial and deep time." Through these underground journeys the book sheds light on the impacts and consequences of human actions within the Anthropocene geological epoch.

Karst Plateau
The Karst Plateau or the Karst region (Slovene: Kras, Italian: Carso), also locally called Karst, is a karst plateau region extending across the border of southwestern Slovenia and northeastern Italy.

It lies between the Vipava Valley, the low hills surrounding the valley, the westernmost part of the Brkini Hills, northern Istria, and the Gulf of Trieste. The western edge of the plateau also marks the traditional ethnic border between Italians and Slovenes. The region gave its name to karst topography. For this reason, it is also referred to as the Classical Karst.
Type 2630 training ship
“Brave the Wave” (Po Lang, 破浪) sail training ship is a Type 2630 tall ship, a Chinese auxiliary ship currently in service with the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). Type 2630 full-rigged ship is named after the total area of its sails, which is 2630 square meters, and this full-rigged ship is designed by Damen Group, then modified by the builder Guangzhou Shipyard International to meet PLAN requirement, such as converting the kitchen and larder/pantry for cooking Chinese food. It has a sister ship Royal Navy of Oman Shabab Oman II. The ship is 85 meter long, beam of 11 meter, displaces over 1200 tons, capable of 18 kts. Launched in 2017 and entered Chinese service in the same year, Type 2630 only requires 25 crew to operate, and can accommodate an additional 50 naval cadets onboard.

Damen Group
The Damen Group is a Dutch defence, shipbuilding, and engineering conglomerate company based in Gorinchem, Netherlands.
Though it is a major international group doing business in 120 countries, it remains a private family-owned company.

Damen Shipyards Group is a globally operating company with more than 50 shipyards, repair yards, and related companies − as well as numerous partner yards that can build Damen vessels locally.  Since 1969 it has designed and built more than 5,000 vessels and delivers over 150 vessels annually. With over 30 shipyards and related companies worldwide, Damen is involved in ship construction as well as maintenance and repair activities.  It has a wide product range, including warships, patrol craft, tugs, workboats,  cargo vessels, dredgers, superyachts and fast ferries. Product design and engineering are carried out in-house and a broad range of designs are available.
Bombaat
Bombaat (pronunciationⓘ transl. Superb) is a 2008 Indian Kannada-language action film directed by D. Rajendra Babu (in his 50th film) and produced by Rockline Venkatesh. The film stars Ganesh and Ramya. The plot of the movie was criticized to be a hotchpotch of Telugu movies like Dhee and Aata.

Aata (2007 film)
Aata (transl. Game) is a 2007 Indian Telugu-language romantic action comedy film directed by V. N. Aditya and produced by M. S. Raju. It stars Siddharth and Ileana D'Cruz in the lead roles.

Aata was released on 9 May 2007 and was successful at the box office. The film was remade in Bengali as Kellafate (2010).
Hot Pantz
Hot Pantz are a UK female vocal duo, formed by Kelly Hampson and Shelley Mintrim. They released the single, "Give U One 4 Christmas" in 2004, which despite radio airplay failed to reach the Top 40 in the UK Singles Chart, peaking at #64.

Airplay
Airplay is how frequently a song is being played through broadcasting on radio stations. A song which is being played several times every day (spins) would have a significant amount of airplay. Music which became very popular on jukeboxes, in nightclubs and at discotheques between the 1940s and 1960s would also have airplay.
Ozu Moreira
Osmar Shigeru "Ozu" Moreira (Japanese: 茂怜羅 オズ, romanized: Moreira Ozu; 21 January 1986) is a Brazilian-born Japanese beach soccer player who plays as a defender. He is the captain of the Japan national team.

Moreira has won the Silver and Golden Balls at FIFA World Cups and is known as one of the best defenders in beach soccer history. He is particularly known for his towering presence and powerful long-range free kicks. In 2019, he became the first Japanese player to score over 100 international goals.

Brazil national beach soccer team
The Brazil national beach soccer team represents Brazil in international beach soccer competitions and is controlled by the CBF, the governing body for football in Brazil. Brazil is the most successful national team in the FIFA World Cup, being crowned winner a record seven times and having won the defunct World Championships also a record nine times.  The Seleção also has the best overall performance in the World Cup competition, both in proportional and absolute terms. Portugal, Russia, Spain and Senegal are the only squads to have eliminated Brazil out of the World Cup. Brazil are ranked 1st in the BSWW World Rankings. They are, alongside Portugal, the only team to have won the world title before and after FIFA assumed the government of beach soccer worldwide. As of 2025, the brazilian team has a winning record against every nation they've faced in their history, winning over 94% of the matches and losing 6% of then, both records in the history of beach soccer.
Henry Williams (MP for Radnorshire)
Henry Williams  was a Welsh politician who sat in the House of Commons  between 1654 and 1659.

Williams was the son of Robert Williams of Caehalfa and probably the grandson of Sir David Williams of Gwernyfed. He was High Sheriff of Breconshire in 1639 and High Sheriff of Radnorshire in 1649.

In 1654, Williams was elected Member of Parliament for Radnorshire for the First Protectorate Parliament. He was re-elected MP for Radnorshire in 1656 for the Second Protectorate Parliament and again in 1659 for the Third Protectorate Parliament. In 1662 Williams came to Cathedine in Breconshire and became High Sheriff of Breconshire again.

Williams married Mayzod Evans, widow of Leisan Evans of Gnoll, Neath and daughter of judge David Jenkins of Hensol Glamorgan.

Hensol Castle
Hensol Castle (previously Hensol House) is a castellated mansion in the Gothic Revival style dating from the late 17th century or early 18th century, now a wedding and conference venue for The Vale Resort. It is located north of Clawdd Coch and Tredodridge in the community of Pendoylan in the Vale of Glamorgan, Wales. It is a Grade I listed building and its park is designated Grade II on the Cadw/ICOMOS Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales.
NBBC
NBBC (the National Broadband Company) was a marketplace for digital video syndication. It connected owners of digital video content (content licensors) with owners of websites that wanted video content (distributors). The marketplace generated revenue by selling advertising against content and sharing the income amongst content licensors and distributors.

A joint venture of NBC Universal and NBC's broadcast affiliates, NBBC's charter launch partners included NBC owned-and-operated stations and affiliates, other NBC Universal properties such as USA Network and Bravo, and external partners such as A&E Networks, HowStuffWorks.com,  The Washington Post and the Post's Newsweek magazine.

On July 3, 2007, NBC shut down NBBC in order to concentrate its web activities on Hulu, its joint venture with News Corporation.

Bravo (American TV network)
Bravo is an American basic cable television network, launched on December 8, 1980. It is owned by the NBCUniversal Media Group division of Comcast's NBCUniversal. The channel originally focused on programming related to fine arts and film. Since the 2000s, it has focused heavily on reality series targeted at 25-54 year-old women and the LGBTQ community at large. Its former sister channels are Nickelodeon and IFC, which are currently owned by Paramount Skydance Corporation and AMC Networks, respectively. As of November 2023, Bravo is available to approximately 70 million pay television households in the United States, down from its 2013 peak of 95 million households.
Seth Williams (defensive back)
Seth Williams (born October 24, 1986) is an American former professional football defensive back. Williams played college football at the University of Richmond. The Richmond Spiders won the NCAA Division I FCS championship in 2008. He was a member of the New York Giants, Ottawa Redblacks, Montreal Alouettes, New Orleans VooDoo and Tampa Bay Storm.

University of Richmond
The University of Richmond (UR or U of R) is a private liberal arts college in Richmond, Virginia, United States. It is a primarily undergraduate, residential institution with approximately 3,900 undergraduate and graduate students in five schools: the School of Arts and Sciences; the E. Claiborne Robins School of Business; the Jepson School of Leadership Studies; the University of Richmond School of Law; and the School of Professional & Continuing Studies. It is classified among "Baccalaureate Colleges: Arts & Sciences Focus".

The university's athletics teams are known as the "Richmond Spiders," after the university's distinctive mascot. A participant in the U.S. Navy's V-12 Navy College Training Program during World War II, Richmond commissions U.S. Army officers through its ROTC program, which is partnered with Hampden-Sydney College and Longwood University in Farmville, Virginia.
Line SFM4
Line SFM4 is part of the Turin Metropolitan Railway Service. It connects the Cirié station with the Alba railway station using the Turin-Ceres railway, the Turin railway link, the Carmagnola-Bra railway and the Cavallermaggiore-Alessandria railway.

The trains, 31 in total per day, run hourly (two-hourly on holidays). The main interchange hubs are Turin Lingotto and Turin Porta Susa, both stations offer a connection to Turin Metro (Lingotto and Porta Susa metro stations respectively).

Torino Lingotto railway station
Torino Lingotto railway station is one of the main stations serving the city and comune of Turin, capital of the region of Piedmont, northwestern Italy.  The Torino Lingotto metro station is located nearby, and opened on March 6, 2011.

Opened in 1960, the station is the third most important in Turin, after Torino Porta Nuova and Torino Porta Susa.  It forms part of the Turin–Genoa main line, and is also a stop on three secondary railways, which link Turin with Pinerolo, Cuneo and Savona, respectively.

The station is managed by Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (RFI). Most train services are operated by Trenitalia.  Each of these companies is a subsidiary of Ferrovie dello Stato (FS), Italy's state-owned rail company.  The remaining train services are operated by GTT, a public benefit corporation responsible for public transportation in the provinces of Turin, Alessandria, Cuneo and Asti, and Arenaways, an open-access railway operator that began passenger operations in November 2010.
Phrynobatrachus pygmaeus
Phrynobatrachus pygmaeus is a species of frog in the family Phrynobatrachidae. It is endemic to the Central African Republic and is only known from its type locality, Bouala (originally spelled "Buala"), at 998 m (3,274 ft) above sea level on the Ouham River. Common name Chad river frog has been coined for this species. This name presumably reflects the earlier assumption that the type locality was in Chad, into which the Ouham River flows.

Ouham River
The Ouham River is a river in Central Africa, and one of the main headwaters of the Chari River. The Ouham originates in the Central African Republic between the Nana-Mambéré and Ouham-Pendé prefectures, crossing into Chad where it joins the Chari about 25 km north of Sarh. Tributaries are the Baba, Fafa, Nana Bakassa, and the Nana Barya.
Welterweight
Welterweight is a weight class in combat sports. Originally the term welterweight was used only in boxing, but other combat sports like muay Thai, taekwondo, and mixed martial arts also use it for their own weight division system to classify the opponents. If used, welterweight is typically between lightweight and middleweight.

Combat sport
A combat sport, or fighting sport, is a contact sport that usually involves one-on-one combat. In many combat sports, a contestant wins by scoring more points than the opponent, submitting the opponent with a hold, disabling the opponent (knockout, KO), or attacking the opponent in a specific or designated technique. Combat sports share a long history with the martial arts.

Some combat sports (and their national origin) include boxing (Greek-British), Brazilian jiu-jitsu (Japanese-Brazilian), catch wrestling (British-American), jujutsu (Japanese), judo (Japanese), freestyle wrestling (British-American), Greco-Roman wrestling (French), karate (Chinese-Okinawan-Japanese), kickboxing (numerous origins, mainly Southeast Asian), Lethwei (Burmese), mixed martial arts (numerous origins), Muay Thai (Thai), sambo (Soviet/Russian), sanda (Chinese), savate (French), taekwondo (Korean), Vale Tudo (Brazilian), pankration (Ancient Greek), luta livre (Brazilian), and folk wrestling (various).
Sybil Eaton
Sybil Eaton (17 February 1897 – 6 September 1989) was a British violinist and violin teacher. Eaton was a performer and coordinator for the Music Travellers, a wartime initiative created by the Council for the Encouragement of Music and the Arts.

Arts Council of Great Britain
The Arts Council of Great Britain was a non-departmental public body dedicated to the promotion of the fine arts in Great Britain. It was divided in 1994 to form the Arts Council of England (now Arts Council England), the Scottish Arts Council (later merged into Creative Scotland), and the Arts Council of Wales. At the same time the National Lottery was established and these three arts councils, plus the Arts Council of Northern Ireland, became distribution bodies.
Kakwa Pass
Kakwa Pass, 1,570 metres (5,151 ft), is a mountain pass in the Canadian Rockies. It is located in the province of British Columbia on the Continental Divide.  It is located just east of McGregor Pass and to the north of the town of McBride.

It is the prominence col for Wishaw Mountain, which has 1063 m prominence and is located just south.

McBride, British Columbia
McBride is a village in the Robson Valley region of British Columbia, Canada. The village is located 210 km (130 mi) southeast of Prince George, British Columbia, and 166 km (103 mi) west of Jasper, Alberta. Incorporated in 1932, McBride is located in the Robson Valley surrounded by the Rocky Mountains and Cariboo Ranges.
Watunde
Watunde is a village in Mulshi taluka of Pune district in the state of Maharashtra, India. It is on the Temghar-Lavasa Road about 40 km west of Pune and 23.8 km east of Lavasa, close to several camping grounds and nature resorts including Amrutvel Resort, Amber Hills Resort & Camping, Camp Temgarh Resort, Gharkul Agri Tourism, and Aranyavan Resort. It is also close to Ananda Kriya Yogashram, a meditation and yoga retreat center.

Other talukas in the vicinity of the village are Karjat taluka, Talegaon Dabhade taluka, Mawal taluka, and Khalapur taluka. Other districts closest to the village are Raigad district, Thane district, Mumbai City district, and Mumbai Suburban district.

Rail stations nearest to the village are Vadgaon railway station, Begdewadi railway station, Lonavala railway station, Talegaon railway station, and Kamshet railway station.

Mumbai City district
Mumbai City district is a district of Maharashtra in Konkan Division, India. As a city district, it has no headquarters or subdivisions. It, along with the Mumbai Suburban District, makes up the metropolis of Mumbai. This area is called the "Island City" or South Mumbai or Old Mumbai. It occupies the southern tip of Salsette Island and extends from Colaba in the south to Mahim and Sion in the north. The city has an area of 157 km2 (61 sq mi) and a population of 3,085,411.
Rose's Corral, California
Rose's Corral is a former settlement in Nevada County, California, United States.  It was located on the lower San Juan Ridge, between Anthony House on Deer Creek (a tributary of the South Yuba River) and Bridgeport on the South Yuba River. The merchant John Rose built it close to a trading post he had erected near where Pleasant Valley Road meets Del Mar Way (which very briefly becomes Piper Lane just before the intersection). Established during the summer of 1848, it is notable for being the county's first settlement. It is named for a cattle corral built by John Rose, a trader.

Nevada County, California
Nevada County (/nɪˈvædə/ ⓘ niv-AD-ə; Nevada, Spanish for "Snowy") is a county located in the U.S. state of California, in the Sierra Nevada. As of the 2020 United States census, its population was 102,241. The county seat is Nevada City. Nevada County comprises the Truckee-Grass Valley micropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the Sacramento-Roseville combined statistical area, part of the Mother Lode Country.
Urban interventionism
Urban interventionism is a name given to a number of different kinds of activist design and art practices, art that typically responds to the social community, locational identity, the built environment, and public places. The goals are often to create new awareness of social issues, and to stimulate community involvement. Such practices have a history that includes certain street artists of the 1960s, such as The Diggers of San Francisco, or the Provos of Amsterdam, among many others.

Contemporary artists often associated with urban interventionist practices are Daniel Buren, Gordon Matta-Clark, Mierle Laderman Ukeles, Krzysztof Wodiczko, Thomas Hirschhorn, Francis Alÿs, Harrell Fletcher, the Red Peristyle group, Banksy and many others.

Daniel Buren
Daniel Buren (born 25 March 1938, in Boulogne-Billancourt) is a French conceptual artist, painter, and sculptor. He has won numerous awards including the Golden Lion for best pavilion at the Venice Biennale (1986), the International Award for best artist in Stuttgart (1991) and the prestigious Premium Imperiale for painting in Tokyo in 2007. He has created several world-famous installations, including "Les Deux Plateaux"(1985) in the Cour d'honneur of the Palais-Royal, and the Observatory of the Light in Fondation Louis Vuitton. He is one of the most active and recognised artists on the international scene, and his work has been welcomed by the most important institutions and sites around the world.
Katie Horstman
Catherine Horstman [″Horsey″] (born April 14, 1935) is a former female utility player who played from 1951 through 1954 in the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League (AAGPBL). Listed at 5 ft 7 in (1.70 m), 150 lb., she batted and threw right-handed.

All-American Girls Professional Baseball League
The All-American Girls Professional Baseball League (AAGPBL) was a professional women's baseball league founded by Philip K. Wrigley, which existed from 1943 to 1954. The AAGPBL is the forerunner of women's professional league sports in the United States.  Over 600 women played in the league, which eventually consisted of 10 teams located in the American Midwest. In 1948, league attendance peaked at over 900,000 spectators. The most successful team, the Rockford Peaches, won a league-best four championships.

The 1992 film A League of Their Own and the 2022 television show of the same name are mostly fictionalized accounts of the league and its stars. Sixty-five original AAGPBL members appeared in scenes for the movie filmed in October 1991 recreating the induction of the league into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1988.