hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Prime (Moldovan TV channel)
Prime was a former Moldovan generalist television channel. The channel is distributed via DVB-T2, by the cable and IPTV operators in Moldova and broadcasts through analogue terrestrial television at a national level. Until 2019, it also retransmitted programs from Channel One Russia.

The owner of the channel is Moldovan oligarch Vlad Plahotniuc. Since its inception, it was one of Moldova's most popular channels.

The channel was criticized and on 4 July 2014, the Coordinating Council of the Audiovisual of Moldova sanctioned Prime and other channels for broadcasting Russian "informative-analytical" programs, which contained aggressive propaganda and promotes and increases fake news and information regarding the Ukrainian government.

Channel One (Russia)
Channel One (Russian: Первый канал, romanized: Pervý kanal, IPA: [ˈpʲervɨj kɐˈnal], lit. 'First Channel') is a Russian federal television channel. Its headquarters are located at Ostankino Technical Center near the Ostankino Tower in Moscow. The majority of its shares are owned or indirectly controlled by the state.

It was created by decree of Russian president Boris Yeltsin to replace Ostankino Television Channel One, which in turn replaced Programme One in 1991. From April 1995 to September 2002, the channel was known as Public Russian Television (Russian: Общественное Российское Телевидение, romanized: Obshchestvennoye Rossiyskoye Televideniye, ORT [oˈɛrˈtɛ]). The main news programmes are Vremya and Novosti.

Channel One's main competitors are the Russia-1, NTV, 5TV and TV Centre channels. The channel has 2,443 employees as of 2019.
McLaren High School
McLaren High School is a state comprehensive, non-denominational secondary school in Callander, central Scotland. It was founded in 1892 by Donald McLaren, and is part of Stirling Council. The current school building has been in place since 1965 and work on an upgrade started in 2006 with new wings added. The 2021 roll was 645 students. The school has building has three floors.

Non-denominational
A non-denominational person or organization is one that does not follow (or is not restricted to) any particular or specific religious denomination.

The term has been used in the context of various faiths, including Jainism, Baháʼí Faith, Zoroastrianism, Unitarian Universalism, Neo-Paganism, Christianity, Islam, Judaism, Hinduism, Buddhism and Wicca. It stands in contrast with a religious denomination. Religious people of a non-denominational persuasion tend to be more open-minded in their views on various religious matters and rulings. Some converts towards non-denominational strains of thought have been influenced by disputes over traditional teachings in the previous institutions they attended. Nondenominationalism has also been used as a tool for introducing neutrality into a public square when the local populace is derived from a wide-ranging set of religious beliefs.
Natalia Kliewer
Natalia Kliewer is a Kyrgyz-German computer scientist and operations researcher who holds the chair of information systems as a professor of business informatics at the Free University of Berlin. The focus of her research is optimization for transport scheduling.

Kliewer is originally from Kyrgyzstan. After studying information systems at the Kyrgyz Technical University and business informatics at the University of Münster, she continued her studies at Paderborn University, where she completed a PhD in 2005. Her dissertation, Optimierung des Fahrzeugeinsatzes im öffentlichen Personennahverkehr : Modelle, Methoden und praktische Anwendungen, was supervised by Leena Suhl. She continued at Paderborn as a junior professor until moving to her present position at the Free University of Berlin in 2009.

Mathematical optimization
Mathematical optimization (alternatively spelled optimisation) or mathematical programming is the selection of a best element, with regard to some criteria, from some set of available alternatives. It is generally divided into two subfields: discrete optimization and continuous optimization. Optimization problems arise in all quantitative disciplines from computer science and engineering to operations research and economics, and the development of solution methods has been of interest in mathematics for centuries.

In the more general approach, an optimization problem consists of maximizing or minimizing a real function by systematically choosing input values from within an allowed set and computing the value of the function. The generalization of optimization theory and techniques to other formulations constitutes a large area of applied mathematics.
Johnnie's Foodmaster
Johnnie's Foodmaster, more commonly known as simply Foodmaster, was a chain of supermarkets in the Boston Metro Area. It had its headquarters in Chelsea, Massachusetts and all stores were located in the state. On November 18, 2012, all ten stores closed, with six leases being transferred to Austin, Texas–based Whole Foods Market, and two to Quincy–based Stop & Shop; the future of the remaining locations was unknown at the time of closure.

Chain store
A chain store or retail chain is a retail outlet in which several locations share a brand, central management, and standardized business practices. They have come to dominate many retail markets, dining markets, and service categories in many parts of the world. A franchised retail establishment is one form of a chain store.  In 2005, the world's largest retail chain, Walmart, became the world's largest corporation based on gross sales.
2017 Honda Indy 200
The 2017 Honda Indy 200 was an IndyCar Series event held on July 30, 2017, at the Mid-Ohio Sports Car Course in Lexington, Ohio. The race served as the 13th round of the 2017 IndyCar Series season. Australian Will Power started on pole position for the race, while his American teammate Josef Newgarden took victory.

Graham Rahal
Graham Robert Rahal (/ˈreɪhɔːl/ RAY-hawl; born January 4, 1989) is an American race car driver and small business owner. He currently races in the IndyCar Series with Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing, a team partially owned by his father Bobby Rahal, the winner of the 1986 Indianapolis 500.
Submarine-launched satellite
There have been a number of ventures into submarine-launched satellites. The advantage of launching a satellite from a submarine compared to from land is that the launch vehicle can reach a large number of different inclinations and could increase its performance to low Earth orbit by launching from equatorial sites. Missiles used for this purpose include the Volna and the Shtil', as well as theoretically the R-39 Rif. Submarines used include Delta-class submarines.

Volna
Space launch vehicle Volna (Russian: Волна, lit. 'wave'), is a converted submarine-launched ballistic missile used for launching satellites into orbit. It is based on the R-29R designed by State Rocket Center Makayev and related to the Shtil' Launch Vehicle. The Volna is a 3-stage launch vehicle that uses liquid propellant. The warhead section is used for the payloads that can be either put into orbit with the help of an additional boost engine or travel along a sub-orbital trajectory to be recovered at the landing site. Volna can be launched from Delta III-class submarine or from land based facilities.
Dhola Post
Dhola Post was a border post set up by the Indian Army in June 1962 at a location called Che Dong (Chinese: 扯冬; pinyin: Chě dōng) in the Namka Chu river valley disputed by China and India. The area is now generally accepted to be north of the McMahon Line as drawn on the treaty map of 1914, though it is to the south of the Thagla Ridge, where India held the McMahon Line to lie.

On 20 September 1962, amidst various border tensions, the post was attacked by Chinese forces from the Thagla Ridge, sporadic fighting continued until 20 October when an all-out attack was launched by China leading to the Sino-Indian War. Facing an overwhelming force, the Indian Army evacuated the Dhola Post as well as the entire area of Tawang, retreating to Sela and Bomdila. After the war, the post was left unoccupied until the 1986 Sumdorong Chu standoff, after which the area was again strengthened by the Indian Army.

Bomdila
Bomdila is the headquarters of West Kameng district in the state of Arunachal Pradesh in India. Bomdila is one of the 60 constituencies of the state of Arunachal Pradesh. Bomdila, a virgin forest until modern times was built as Sela Sub Agency Capital by Major Ralengnao R Khathing. In February 1954, the shifting of the Headquarters of the Political Officer from Charduar to Bomdila was undertaken, and on February 28, 1954, Bomdila was officially made the capital of the Sela Sub Agency.

Bomdila is also the site of the last battle of the 1962 Sino-Indian War.
Rutnica
Rutnica [rutˈnit͡sa] (German: Wilhelminenhof) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Przelewice, within Pyrzyce County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Pyrzyce County
Pyrzyce County (Polish: powiat pyrzycki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Pyrzyce, which lies 38 kilometres (24 mi) south-east of the regional capital Szczecin. The only other town in the county is Lipiany, lying 16 km (10 mi) south of Pyrzyce.

The county covers an area of 725.71 square kilometres (280.2 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 39,931, out of which the population of Pyrzyce is 12,642, that of Lipiany is 4,124, and the rural population is 23,165.
Journal of Literacy Research
The Journal of Literacy Research a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering research related to literacy, language, and literacy and language education from preschool through adulthood. It was established in 1969 and is published by SAGE Publications on behalf of the Literacy Research Association. The editor-in-chief is Misty Sailors (University of Texas at San Antonio).

University of Texas at San Antonio
The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA or UT San Antonio) is a public research university in San Antonio, Texas. Established in 1969, UTSA is the largest university in San Antonio and the third-largest public research university in Texas by annual research expenditures, enrolling approximately 38,200 students across six campuses spanning about 1,200 acres.

UT San Antonio is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very High Research Activity", a status held by 187 of the approximately 4,000 degree-granting postsecondary institutions in the U.S., representing about 4.7% of universities nationwide. UTSA generates $7 billion in annual economic impact.

Student-athletes compete as the UTSA Roadrunners and are members of the American Conference. The football team, which was founded in 2009, previously competed in Conference USA, the WAC, and as a Football Championship Subdivision independent.
The Mercury Press
The Mercury Press is a Canadian publishing company which publishes literary fiction, poetry, and non-fiction works by Canadians. Mercury has a substantial jazz list and has also published murder mysteries. Books published by Mercury have won or been shortlisted for awards including The Governor General's Award, The City of Toronto Book Award, and the Trillium Award.

Governor General's Awards
The Governor General's Awards are a collection of annual awards presented by the governor general of Canada, recognizing distinction in numerous academic, artistic, and social fields.

The first award was conceived and inaugurated in 1937 by the Lord Tweedsmuir, a prolific writer of fiction and non-fiction; he created the Governor General's Literary Award with two award categories. Successive governors general have followed suit, establishing an award for whichever endeavour they personally found important. Only Adrienne Clarkson created three Governor General's Awards: the Governor General's Award in Visual and Media Arts, the Governor General's Northern Medal, and the Governor General's Medal in Architecture (though this was effectively a continuation of the Massey Medal, first established in 1950).
Eugenio Cantatore
Eugenio Cantatore is an Italian electrical engineer at the Eindhoven University of Technology, Netherlands.

Cantatore was named a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2016 for his contributions to the design of circuits with organic thin film transistors.

Cantatore obtained his Master's and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from the Polytechnic University of Bari, in 1993 and 1997 respectively. From 1997 to 1999 he was fellow at CERN, Geneva and after it, moved to Philips Natuurkundig Laboratorium in Eindhoven, Netherlands. There he served as senior scientist until 2007 when he joined the Eindhoven University of Technology, where he is serving as full professor since 2016. Since that year, he is also a member of the SSCS Adcom and the ISSCC Executive Committee.

Eindhoven University of Technology
The Eindhoven University of Technology (Dutch: Technische Universiteit Eindhoven; TU/e) is a public technical university in the Netherlands, situated in Eindhoven. In 2020–21, around 14,000 students were enrolled in its BSc and MSc programs and around 1350 students were enrolled in its PhD and EngD programs. In 2021, the TU/e employed around 3900 people.

TU/e is the Dutch member of the EuroTech Universities Alliance, a partnership of European universities of science & technology. The other members are Technical University of Denmark (DTU), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), École Polytechnique (L’X), The Technion, and Technical University of Munich (TUM).
Avogadro (software)
Avogadro is a molecule editor and visualizer designed for cross-platform use in computational chemistry, molecular modeling, bioinformatics, materials science, and related areas. It is extensible via a plugin architecture.

Cross-platform software
Within computing, cross-platform software (also called multi-platform software, platform-agnostic software, or platform-independent software) is computer software that is designed to work in several computing platforms. Some cross-platform software requires a separate build for each platform, but some can be directly run on any platform without special preparation, being written in an interpreted language or compiled to portable bytecode for which the interpreters or run-time packages are common or standard components of all supported platforms.

For example, a cross-platform application may run on Linux, macOS and Microsoft Windows. Cross-platform software may run on many platforms, or as few as two. Some frameworks for cross-platform development are Codename One, ArkUI-X, Kivy, Qt, GTK, Flutter, NativeScript, Xamarin, Apache Cordova, Ionic, and React Native.
Bacardi Superior
Bacardi Superior is a white rum made by the Bacardi Company. In the US it is bottled at 80 proof (40% abv) and at 75 proof (37.5% abv) in the UK and Continental Europe. This rum is mostly used to make cocktails calling for a white rum such as Cuba Libre, Daiquiri, Piña Colada, Mojito, and Bacardi cocktail.

Rum and Coke
Rum and Coke, or the Cuba libre (/ˌkjuːbə ˈliːbreɪ/ KEW-bə LEE-bray, Spanish: [ˈkuβa ˈliβɾe]; literally "Free Cuba"), is a highball cocktail consisting of cola, rum, and in many recipes lime juice on ice. Traditionally, the cola ingredient is Coca-Cola ("Coke") and the alcohol is a light rum such as Bacardi; however, the drink may be made with various types of rums and cola brands, and lime juice may or may not be included.

The cocktail originated in the early 20th century in Cuba, after the country won independence in the Spanish–American War. It subsequently became popular across Cuba, the United States, and other countries. Its simple recipe and inexpensive, ubiquitous ingredients have made it one of the world's most popular alcoholic drinks. Drink critics often consider the drink mediocre, but it has been noted for its historical significance.
Indian (2001 film)
Indian is a 2001 Indian Hindi-language action thriller film directed by N. Maharajan and produced by Dharmendra under Vijayta Films. A remake of the director's own Tamil film Vallarasu, the film stars Sunny Deol, Shilpa Shetty and Danny Denzongpa in pivotal roles, along with Raj Babbar, Mukesh Rishi and Rahul Dev.

Indian was released on 26 October 2001 with excellent box office reports, grossing a domestic net of ₹18 million on its opening day. Made on a budget of ₹150 million, it was a commercial success at the box office, earning over ₹540 million worldwide. It was the fourth highest-grossing Hindi film of 2001, with a net gross of ₹280 million.

N. Maharajan
N. Maharajan is an Indian film director who directed Tamil and Hindi films. He made his debut with Vallarasu and directed other films Anjaneya and Arasatchi. He also wrote the story for Zor (1998), Champion (2000), and Kranti (2002).
Cross merchandising
Cross merchandising is the retail practice of marketing or displaying products from different categories together, in order to generate additional revenue for the store, sometimes also known as add-on sales, incremental purchase or secondary product placement. Its main objective is to link different products that complement each other or can logically be used in association. This strategy also aims to improve overall customer experience by allowing them to pick up related goods at the same place instead of having to spend time searching for them.

Customer experience
Customer experience (CX) refers to the cognitive, emotional, sensory, and behavioral responses of a customer during all stages of interaction with a product or service, including pre-purchase, consumption, and post-purchase.

Different dimensions of customer experience include senses, emotions, feelings, perceptions, cognitive evaluations, involvement, memories, as well as spiritual components, and behavioral intentions. The pre-consumption anticipation experience can be described as the amount of pleasure or displeasure received from savoring future events, while the remembered experience is related to a recollection of memories about previous events and experiences of a product or service.
Zanybros
Zanybros (Korean: 쟈니브로스, stylized as ZANYBROS) is a South Korean video production company specializing in music video and commercial film production.

Zanybros was founded in 2002 by director Hong Won-ki and videographer Kim Jun-hong and has evolved to be one of the most influential music video companies of the Korean Wave. Zanybros also includes the subsidiary companies Astro Digital Lab, a post production company, the specialised camera team Roll Cam and the lighting company Strobe. They have worked with indie bands as well as entertainment agencies such as S.M. Entertainment and JYP Entertainment.

Among the work of Zanybros are some of the highest budget productions in the Korean music video industry, including Seo Taiji's "Moai" and B.A.P's "One Shot"

In 2020, Zanybros and director Hong Won-ki produced their first web series, Goedam, together with Megabox Plus M. The series was acquired by Netflix.

One Shot (EP)
One Shot is the second EP by South Korean boy group B.A.P. It was released digitally on February 12, 2013 in the United States and on certain websites in Korea (such as Melon Player), under the label of TS Entertainment. The album features the single 빗소리 (Rain Sound). The EP rose to number 1 spot on the Billboard World Albums Chart. 
It topped iTunes hip hop download charts in the U.S., in Canada and New Zealand and ranked in the top ten in various other countries. The album was released three days prior to the collision of the meteorite in Russia.
Bottom eta meson
The bottom eta meson (ηb) or eta-b meson is a flavourless meson formed from a bottom quark and its antiparticle. It was first observed by the BaBar experiment at SLAC in 2008, and is the lightest particle containing a bottom and anti-bottom quark.

Flavour (particle physics)
In particle physics, flavour or flavor refers to the species of an elementary particle. The Standard Model counts six flavours of quarks and six flavours of leptons. They are conventionally parameterized with flavour quantum numbers that are assigned to all subatomic particles. They can also be described by some of the family symmetries proposed for the quark-lepton generations.
Ghulam Ahmad Mir
Ghulam Ahmad Mir is an Indian politician from Indian National Congress, who represents Dooru constituency in the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly. He was the last President of Jammu & Kashmir Pradesh Congress Committee state & 1st president of Union Territory.

Mir is currently a CWC member and General Secretary All India Congress Committee, Incharge of West Bengal. {7}

In the 2019 Lok Sabha Elections, Mir lost to Hasnain Masoodi of National Conference in Anantnag Lok Sabha constituency.

In July 2022, he resigned from his position at the J&K Congress so that the party could reorganize ahead of the next elections.

Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly
The Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly (Dogri: 𑠑𑠢𑠹𑠢𑠰 𑠙𑠳 𑠊𑠧𑠹𑠢𑠮𑠤 𑠊𑠺𑠝𑠰𑠝 𑠀𑠩𑠳𑠷𑠠𑠥𑠮 (in Dogri)); (Kashmiri: جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر مَجلِسہِ قۄنوٗن سٲزی (in Perso-Arabic), 𑆘𑆾𑇌𑆩𑇀 𑆠 𑆑𑆯𑆵𑆫𑇀 𑆩𑆘𑇀𑆬𑆴𑆱𑇀-𑆅 𑆑𑇊𑆾𑇋𑆳𑆤𑆷𑆤𑇀 𑆱𑆃𑆘𑇊𑆵 (in Sharada)) is the unicameral legislature of Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly is the legislative arm of the Government of Jammu and Kashmir. At present, it consists of 95 members, directly elected from 95 constituencies. The tenure of the Legislative Assembly is five years unless dissolved sooner.

Prior to 2019, the State of Jammu and Kashmir had a bicameral legislature with a legislative assembly (lower house) and a legislative council (upper house). The Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, passed by the Parliament of India in August 2019, replaced this with a unicameral legislature while also re-organising the state into a union territory. The current 13th assembly was elected in September and October 2024.
Adephagia
Adephagia (/ædiˈfeɪdʒiə/, Ancient Greek: Ἀδηφαγία) was a figure described as having a temple in Sicily. According to Claudius Aelianus's Varia Historia and a fragment of Polemon, nearby to her temple was a statue of Demeter Sitō ('Goddess of Grain'). According to Konrad Wernicke, she was the personification of "abundant satiety" and a form of Demeter.

Loeb Classical Library
The Loeb Classical Library (LCL; named after James Loeb; /loʊb/, German: [løːp]) is a monographic series of books originally published by Heinemann and since 1934 by Harvard University Press. It has bilingual editions of ancient Greek and Latin literature, with the original Greek or Latin text on the left-hand page and a fairly literal translation on the facing page.
Nike laser
The Nike laser at the United States Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, DC is a 56-beam, 4–5 kJ per pulse electron beam pumped krypton fluoride excimer laser which operates in the ultraviolet at 248 nm with pulsewidths of a few nanoseconds. Nike was completed in the late 1980s and is used for investigations into inertial confinement fusion.  By using a KrF laser with induced spatial incoherence (ISI) optical smoothing, the modulations in the laser focal profile (beam intensity anisotropy) are only 1% in one beam and < 0.3% with a 44-beam overlap. This feature is especially important for minimizing the seeding of Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities in the imploding fusion target capsule plasma.

Electron-beam technology
Since the mid-20th century, electron-beam technology has provided the basis for a variety of novel and specialized applications in semiconductor manufacturing, microelectromechanical systems, nanoelectromechanical systems, and microscopy.