hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Richard F. Thomas
Richard F. Thomas (born September 26, 1950) is the George Martin Lane Professor of the Classics at Harvard University. His scholarship has focused on various critical approaches, metrics and prose stylistics (particularly Tacitus), genre studies, translation theory and practice, and the reception of Classical literature and culture, particularly with respect to Virgil.

Tacitus
Publius Cornelius Tacitus, known simply as Tacitus (/ˈtæsɪtəs/ TAS-it-əs, Latin: [ˈtakɪtʊs]; c. AD 56 – c. 120), was a Roman historian and politician. Tacitus is widely regarded as one of the greatest Roman historians by modern scholars.

Tacitus's two major historical works, Annals (Latin: Annales) and the Histories (Latin: Historiae), originally formed a continuous narrative of the Roman Empire from the death of Augustus (14 AD) to the end of Domitian's reign (96 AD). The surviving portions of the Annals focus on the reigns of Tiberius, Claudius, Nero, and those who reigned in the Year of the Four Emperors (69 AD).

Tacitus's other writings discuss oratory (in dialogue format, see Dialogus de oratoribus), Germania (in De origine et situ Germanorum), and the life of his father-in-law, Agricola (the general responsible for much of the Roman conquest of Britain), mainly focusing on his campaign in Britannia (De vita et moribus Iulii Agricolae).
Botlhatlogo
Botlhatlogo is a village in North-West District of Botswana. It is located in the southern part of the district, close to the Okavango Delta and Lake Ngami, and has a primary school. The population was 467 in 2001 census.

Lake Ngami
Lake Ngami is an endorheic lake in Botswana, north of the Kalahari Desert. It is seasonally filled by the Taughe River, an effluent of the Okavango River system flowing out of the western side of the Okavango Delta. It is one of the fragmented remnants of the ancient Lake Makgadikgadi. Although the lake has shrunk dramatically beginning from 1890, it remains an important habitat for birds and wildlife, especially in flood years.
Ballinlough, County Roscommon
Ballinlough (/ˌbælɪnˈlɒx/ BAL-in-LOKH; Irish: Baile an Locha, meaning 'town of the lake') is a village in western County Roscommon, Ireland. The N60 national secondary road passes through it. The village is between Ballyhaunis and Castlerea on the Roscommon to Castlebar road. As of the 2016 census, Ballinlough had a population of 300 people.

Lake O'Flynn, which lies north of the village, is notable for brown trout fishing. The lake is also the source of the River Suck (which is a tributary of the River Shannon). In 2013, a bog walk was constructed around Lake O'Flynn, together with an outdoor gym.

Ballyhaunis
Ballyhaunis (Irish: Béal Átha hAmhnais, meaning 'ford-mouth of strife') is a town in County Mayo, Ireland. It is at the crossroads of the N60 and N83 National secondary roads and on the railway line linking Dublin to Westport and Ballina. Ballyhaunis is within both the Roman Catholic and civil parishes of Annagh.

It is thought that the town grew up around St Mary's Augustinian Friary (popularly referred to as "the Abbey"), which was founded in 1348, according to local tradition. The town and its hinterland contain a number of megalithic monuments.

Farming, private business and industry are the main sources of employment. As of the 2022 census, Ballyhaunis had a population of 2,773.
Van Antwerpen
Van Antwerpen is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Franklin Van Antwerpen (1941–2016), American judge

Maria van Antwerpen (1719–1781), Dutch soldier and cross dresser

Patrick Van Antwerpen (1944–1990), Belgian film director

Maria van Antwerpen
Maria van Antwerpen (1719 – 1781) was a Dutch soldier and seamstress who dressed as a man to enlist in the Dutch States Army. van Antwerpen was possibly a trans man. He is considered by the Dutch historians Rudolf Dekker and L.J.M. van de Pol to be a transsexual woman. van Antwerpen married twice to women. Two biographies were published about van Antwerpen while still alive, one by Franciscus Lievens Kersteman in 1751.
Eleanor La Mance
Eleanor La Mance Longone (July 31, 1898 – June 27, 1985), also known as Elen Longone, was an American mezzo-soprano or contralto singer in opera and in musicals. She joined the Metropolitan Opera in 1929.

Contralto
A contralto (Italian pronunciation: [konˈtralto]) is a classical female singing voice whose vocal range is the lowest of their voice types.

The contralto voice type is fairly rare. A contralto's range is similar to that of a mezzo-soprano, and almost identical to that of a countertenor – typically from the F below middle C (F3 in scientific pitch notation) to the second F above middle C (F5), although, at the extremes, some voices can reach the D below middle C (D3) or the second B♭ above middle C (B♭5). The contralto voice type includes coloratura, lyric, and dramatic contraltos.
Edward Tufnell (politician)
Edward Tufnell (13 June 1848 – 15 August 1909) was a British Army officer and Conservative Party politician.

Son of the civil servant and educationalist Edward Carleton Tufnell, Tufnell was educated at Eton. He then joined the British Army in 1867 as an ensign in the 39th (Dorsetshire) Regiment of Foot before exchanging to the 18th (The Royal Irish) Regiment of Foot in 1870. He served in India during Second Anglo-Afghan War and on the Nile Expedition. He retired from the Army in 1889 and joined the Honourable Corps of Gentlemen at Arms in 1894.

He was elected to the House of Commons for South East Essex as a Conservative in 1900, holding the seat until 1906. He was also a justice of the peace for Sussex.

His son, Richard Tufnell, was Member of Parliament for Cambridge.

39th (Dorsetshire) Regiment of Foot
The 39th (Dorsetshire) Regiment of Foot was an infantry regiment of the British Army, raised in 1702. Under the Childers Reforms it amalgamated with the 54th (West Norfolk) Regiment of Foot to form the Dorsetshire Regiment in 1881.
St. James' Church, Hamburg
St. James' Church (German: Hauptkirche St. Jacobi) is one of the five principal churches (Hauptkirchen) of Hamburg. In 1529, it became a Lutheran church. It is located directly in the city centre, has a 125 m-tall (410 ft) tower and features a famous organ by Arp Schnitger from 1693. It is dedicated to St James the Greater and often incorrectly referred to in English as St Jacob's.

Arp Schnitger
Arp Schnitger (2 July 1648 – 28 July 1719 (buried)) was an influential Northern German organ builder. Considered the paramount manufacturer of his time, Schnitger built or rebuilt over 150 organs. He was primarily active in Northern Europe, especially the Netherlands and Germany, where a number of his instruments still survive.
Ainsworthia
Ainsworthia is a genus of fungi in the family Chaetothyriaceae.

The genus was circumscribed by Augusto Chaves Batista and Raffaele Ciferri in Sydowia Beih. vol.3 on page 4 in 1962.

The genus name of Ainsworthia is in honour of Geoffrey Clough Ainsworth (1905–1998), who was a British mycologist and scientific historian.

Augusto Chaves Batista
Augusto Chaves Batista (15 June 1916 – 30 November 1967) was a  Brazilian mycologist. He published more than 600 research papers, either alone or in collaboration with others. At the time of his death at the age of 51, Batista was the director of the Instituto de Micologia of the Federal University of Pernambuco.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy is a multidisciplinary, peer-reviewed, open access scientific journal covering biomedical research with a particular focus on signal transduction and its application to the drug development process. It was established in 2016 and is published by Nature Research. The editors-in-chief are Carlo M. Croce (Ohio State University), Kang Zhang (Macau University of Science and Technology), and Yu-Quan Wei (West China Medical Center). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2023 impact factor of 40.8.

Drug development
Drug development is the process of bringing a new pharmaceutical drug to the market once a lead compound has been identified through the process of drug discovery. It includes preclinical research on microorganisms and animals, filing for regulatory status, such as via the United States Food and Drug Administration for an investigational new drug to initiate clinical trials on humans, and may include the step of obtaining regulatory approval with a new drug application to market the drug. The entire process—from concept through preclinical testing in the laboratory to clinical trial development, including Phase I–III trials—to approved vaccine or drug typically takes more than a decade.
Zipper Hall
Herbert Zipper Concert Hall is a 415-seat music venue located on the campus of the Colburn School in Los Angeles, California, United States.  In addition to serving as a performance space for the school, it also is home to Monday Evening Concerts, Southwest Chamber Music, Piano Spheres, VOX Femina Los Angeles, and Musica Angelica.  The Los Angeles Chamber Orchestra performs part of its season there.  It also regularly hosts many other distinguished performers, and has served as a venue for the Los Angeles Philharmonic's Chamber Music Society and "Green Umbrella" New Music Group series.

It is named after Herbert Zipper, a composer, conductor, and advocate for music education for children, who contributed to the development of the Colburn School.

Musica Angelica Baroque Orchestra
Musica Angelica is an internationally performing Baroque orchestra based in Long Beach, California and led by music director Martin Haselböck, an Austrian organist, professor, and conductor. Currently oboist and guitarist Gonzalo X. Ruiz functions as the associate director of the ensemble and is set to take over in a year. Musica Angelica is dedicated to the historically informed performance of Baroque and early Classical music on period instruments.  Its programs include a mixture of known masterworks by composers such as Bach, Handel and Vivaldi, along with rarely heard compositions spanning two centuries by lesser-known composers.
June 1993 lunar eclipse
A total lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Friday, June 4, 1993, with an umbral magnitude of 1.5617. It was a central lunar eclipse, in which part of the Moon passed through the center of the Earth's shadow. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon's near side entirely passes into the Earth's umbral shadow. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. A total lunar eclipse can last up to nearly two hours, while a total solar eclipse lasts only a few minutes at any given place, because the Moon's shadow is smaller. Occurring about 4.1 days after perigee (on May 31, 1993, at 12:10 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.

Lunar eclipse
A lunar eclipse, also called a blood moon, is an astronomical event that occurs when the Moon orbits through Earth's shadow.‍‍ Lunar eclipses occur during eclipse season, when the Moon's orbital plane is approximately in line with Earth and the Sun. The type and length of a lunar eclipse depend on the Moon's proximity to the lunar node.‍‍ In contrast with illusive and short-lasting solar eclipses, lunar eclipses can be observed from anywhere on the night side of Earth and often last for an hour or longer. Lunar eclipses are safe to observe without eye protection.

Lunar eclipses are notable for causing the Moon to appear orange or red. This occurs when the Moon passes through the Earth's umbra, necessitating any sunlight that reaches the Moon to first pass through the Earth's atmosphere. The resulting Rayleigh scattering removes high-wavelength colors such as violet and blue from the incoming light before it reflects off the lunar surface and is observed on Earth.
Liam McLinskey
Liam McLinskey (born February 20, 2001) is an American professional ice hockey winger for the Charlotte Checkers in the American Hockey League (AHL). He previously played collegiate hockey with Holy Cross of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA).

Charlotte Checkers
The Charlotte Checkers are a professional ice hockey team based in Charlotte, North Carolina. They are members of the Atlantic Division of the Eastern Conference in the American Hockey League (AHL), and are the top minor league affiliate of the Florida Panthers of the National Hockey League (NHL). The Checkers play their home games at Bojangles' Coliseum.

The current organization is the third team by this name; it succeeded a Checkers franchise that played in the ECHL from 1993 until the end of the 2009–10 ECHL season. The original Checkers team played in the city from 1956 to 1977, originally in the Eastern Hockey League and then in the Southern Hockey League. The franchise is one of six teams to replace and share a name with a predecessor franchise from a lower-tier league; the others are the Bakersfield Condors, Colorado Eagles, Ontario Reign, Rockford IceHogs, and San Diego Gulls.
Saudi Arabia Standard Time
Saudi Arabia Standard Time (Arabic: التوقيت القياسي السعودي, romanized: At-Tawqīt al-qiyāsiyy as-suʿūdiyy), abbreviated as SAST, is the standard time zone of Saudi Arabia. The time zone is 3 hours ahead of UTC (UTC+03:00) with no daylight savings.
SAST is defined by the 45th Meridian East. Before a standardized time zone was introduced, the country used Arabic time, in which clocks were set to midnight at sundown.  Because of confusion between various other systems also used in the kingdom, the standardized use of a time zone was established.

45th meridian east
The meridian 45° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Europe, Asia, Africa, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.

The 45th meridian east forms a great circle with the 135th meridian west. The meridian is the mid point of the Moscow Time.
Zango, Angola
Zango is a town in the municipality of Calumbo in the province of Icolo e Bengo in Angola. Prior to the creation of that province in 2024, Zango was a commune in the municipality of Viana in Luanda Province.

Communes of Angola
The Communes of Angola (Portuguese: comunas) are administrative units in Angola after municipalities. The 163 municipalities of Angola are divided into communes. There are a total of 618 communes of Angola:
1993 French Open – Men's doubles
The men's doubles tournament at the 1993 French Open was held from 24 May until 6 June 1993 on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Roland Garros in Paris, France. Luke Jensen and Murphy Jensen won the title, defeating Marc-Kevin Goellner and David Prinosil in the final.

Stade Roland Garros
Stade Roland Garros (French pronunciation: [stad ʁɔlɑ̃ ɡaʁos]; 'Roland Garros Stadium') is a complex of tennis courts, including stadiums, located in Paris that hosts the French Open. That tournament, also known as Roland Garros, is a major tennis championship played annually in late May and early June. The complex is named after Roland Garros (1888–1918), a pioneering French aviator, and was constructed in 1928 to host France's first defence of the Davis Cup.

The 13.5-hectare (34-acre) complex contains twenty courts, including three large-capacity stadiums; Les Jardins de Roland Garros, a large restaurant and bar complex; Le Village, the press and VIP area; France's National Training Centre (CNE); and the Tenniseum, a bilingual, multimedia museum of the history of tennis.
Tito Tettamanti
Tito Tettamanti (Italian pronunciation: [ˈti.to tet.taˈman.ti]; born 6 October 1930) is a Swiss lawyer, businessman and politician who served as Council of State of Ticino briefly from 1959 to 1960, and previously on the Grand Council of Ticino from 1955 to 1959 for the Christian Democratic People's Party.

In 1960, Tettamanti founded Fidinam SA, which would become a multinational investment vehicle, initially in real estate in Ticino, later abroad, primarily in Canada. During Black Monday (1987), he acquired significant stakes in the Swiss industrial sector, primarily in Saurer, Sulzer and Rieter, as well as in media (Jean Frey AG).

His net worth is estimated at 950 million Swiss Francs (2018).

Grand Council of Ticino
The Grand Council of Ticino (Italian: Gran Consiglio di Ticino) is the legislature for the Swiss canton of Ticino. The 90-member council is elected every four years by proportional representation in a single constituency comprising the citizens resident in the canton, and meets at the Ursoline Palace in the capital, Bellinzona. Members are called deputies (deputati).

Elections coincide with those of the canton's executive body, the Council of State. The last elections were in 2023. The president and two vice-presidents are selected by the members of the Grand Council, and not the electorate. Minutes of meetings are made public.

The Grand Council appoints the members of the canton's judiciary (save for justices of the peace, who are elected in their area by the citizens) and public prosecutors.
Kongsfjorden Bird Sanctuary
Kongsfjorden Bird Sanctuary (Norwegian: Kongsfjorden fuglereservat) is a 140 ha bird reserve at Svalbard, Norway, established in 1973. It includes islands and islets in Kongsfjorden, Haakon VII Land. It lies at the inner end of the fjord and consists of about ten islands, mainly covered with grassy vegetation and having small freshwater ponds. The fjord is surrounded by steep mountains, cliffs, glaciers and tundra. The reserve has been recognised as a wetland of international importance by designation under the Ramsar Convention. It has also been identified as an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International. It supports breeding populations of pink-footed and barnacle geese, common and king eiders, long-tailed ducks, purple sandpipers, red phalaropes, glaucous gulls, long-tailed jaegers and snow buntings. Ivory gulls have been recorded.

Bird reserve
A bird reserve (also called ornithological reserve) is a wildlife refuge designed to protect bird species. Like other wildlife refuges, the main goal of a reserve is to prevent species from becoming endangered or extinct. Typically, bird species in a reserve are protected from hunting and habitat destruction. Because of the protection they provide from such threats, bird reserves also serve as excellent locations for bird watching. Normally, wildlife refuges are under the care of non-profit organizations and governmental institutions.
Haloarculaceae
Haloarculaceae is a family of halophilic and mostly chemoorganotrophic archaea within the order Halobacteriales.  The type genus of this family is Haloarcula. Its biochemical characteristics are the same as the order Halobacteriales.

The name Haloarculaceae is derived from the Latin term Haloarcula, referring to the type genus of the family and the suffix "-ceae," an ending used to denote a family. Together, Haloarculaceae refers to a family whose nomenclatural type is the genus Haloarcula.

Primary nutritional groups
Primary nutritional groups are groups of organisms, divided according to the sources of energy, electrons, and carbon needed for living, growth, and reproduction. The sources of energy can be light or chemical compounds, the source of electrons can be organic or inorganic, and the sources of carbon can also be of organic or inorganic origin..

The terms aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration, and fermentation (substrate-level phosphorylation) do not refer to primary nutritional groups, but simply reflect the different use of possible electron acceptors in particular organisms, such as O2 in aerobic respiration, nitrate (NO−3) or sulfate (SO2−4) in anaerobic respiration, or various metabolic intermediates in fermentation.
Anamika Khanna
Anamika Khanna (born 19 July 1971) is an Indian fashion designer from Kolkata. She is the first Indian designer to have an International label: "Ana mika".

Before entering the fashion industry, Anamika was a classical dancer and painter.

Dhoti
The dhoti is an ankle-length breechcloth, wrapped around the waist and the legs, in resemblance to the shape of trousers. The dhoti is a garment of ethnic wear for men in the Indian subcontinent. The dhoti is fashioned out of a rectangular piece of unstitched cloth, of usually around 4 yards (3.7 m) in length.

The dhoti is the male counterpart of the sari, worn by females to religious and secular ceremonies (functions). A pitambar is a yellow silk dhoti worn on auspicious occasions. Dhotis must not be confused with "readymade panchakachams" or "dhoti pants", which are a new ready to wear trend, popular among women and typical of children. Although the terms mundu or veshti are used interchangeably with "dhoti", they are different from the dhoti, which is "looped" or wrapped around the legs, in the form of trousers or pants. The dhoti is better known as panchakacham in South India, which may even be worn while doing dances such as the moonwalk.
2013 Kor Royal Cup
The 2013 Kor Royal Cup was the 78th Kor Royal Cup, an annual football match contested by the winners of the previous season's Thai Premier League and Thai FA Cup competitions. The match was played at Suphachalasai Stadium, Bangkok, on 23 February 2013, and contested by the 2012 Thai Premier League champions Muangthong United, and Buriram United, the winner of the 2012 Thai FA Cup.

2012 Thai Premier League
2012 Thai Premier League (known as Sponsor Thai Premier League for sponsorship reasons) is the 16th season of the Thai Premier League since its establishment in 1996. A total of 18 teams are competing in the league.
Empress (chess)
The empress is a fairy chess piece that can move like a rook or a knight. It cannot jump over other pieces when moving as a rook but may do so when moving as a knight. The piece has acquired many names and is frequently called a chancellor, marshal, or a knook.

Chess moves in this article use C as notation for the empress.

Ralph Betza
Ralph Betza (born April 16, 1945) is a FIDE Master and inventor of chess variants such as chess with different armies, Avalanche chess, and Way of the Knight.

Betza was a user of the website The Chess Variant Pages, on which several chess related works of his can be found. These include the rules of his chess variants, his article on his funny notation, and articles about the value of fairy chess pieces.
Qullpa Hirka
Qullpa Hirka (Quechua qullpa salty, saltpeter, Ancash Quechua hirka mountain, "salty (or saltpeter) mountain", also spelled Colpa Irca) is a mountain in the Cordillera Negra in the Andes of Peru which reaches a height of approximately 4,400 m (14,400 ft). It lies in the Ancash Region, Recuay Province, in the northern part of the Cotaparaco District.

Ancash Quechua
Ancash Quechua (Huaylas Ancash Quechua: qichwa [ˈqɛtʃ.wa], or less often nuna shimi), also Huaylay or Waylay in linguistic terminology, is a Quechua variety spoken in the Peruvian department of Ancash by approximately 1,000,000 people. Like Wanka Quechua, it belongs to Quechua I (according to Alfredo Torero).
Daniel C. MacDonald
Daniel Charles MacDonald (1882 – after 1927 — in Boston in old age) was a farmer and political figure on Prince Edward Island. He represented 1st Kings in the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island from 1920 to 1923 as a Liberal.

He was born in Greenvale, Lot 46, Prince Edward Island, the son of Ronald MacDonald. He married Sarah MacDonald. MacDonald was defeated when he ran for reelection in 1923. He lived in Greenvale and moved to Massachusetts sometime before 1927. MacDonald died in Boston.

1st Kings
1st Kings was a provincial electoral district of Prince Edward Island, Canada, which elected two members to the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island from 1873 to 1993.

The district comprised the easternmost portion of Kings County. It was abolished in 1996.