hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ararat, Virginia
Ararat is an unincorporated community in Patrick County, Virginia, United States, south of the Blue Ridge Parkway and north of Mount Airy, North Carolina. Ararat is located near the Virginia–North Carolina state line, approximately five miles (8.0 km) north of Mount Airy and about 25 miles (40 km) west of Stuart. The community's name comes from the Ararat River, which flows through the area. The River takes its name from the Jefferson Fry Map of 1751, which calls Pilot Mountain part of the "Mountains of Ararat." The Saura Indian name for nearby Pilot Mountain across the state line in Surry County, North Carolina is "The Pilot" and the mountain reverted to that. The large monadnock mountain was thought to resemble a bullfrog and the Native Americans named it "Ratratrat," after the sound the animal makes.  Early white settlers thought what they were saying sounded like "Ararat," the mountain which, according to the Bible, was the landing point of Noah's Ark.

Mount Airy, North Carolina
Mount Airy (/ˈmaʊntəri/) is a city in Surry County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 United States census, the city's population was 10,676. As of 2020, the city is the most populous municipality in Surry County.  Mount Airy is located within the Piedmont Triad metropolitan region.
2018 Fed Cup Americas Zone Group I
The Fed Cup Americas Zone Group I is the first stage of the Zonal Groups from the Americas to determine who will advance to the World Group play-offs, and who will be relegated to the World Group II play-offs.

2018 Fed Cup World Group II play-offs
The 2018 World Group II play-offs are four ties which involves the losing nations of the World Group II and four nations from the three Zonal Group I competitions. Nations that win their play-off ties enter the 2019 World Group II, while losing nations join their respective zonal groups.
Warong Nasi Pariaman
Warong Nasi Pariaman is an eatery along North Bridge Road and Kandahar Street in Singapore. The restaurant is believed to be the oldest surviving stall selling nasi padang in Singapore. The business announced on 22 January 2026 that it would close down at the end of that month.

North Bridge Road
North Bridge Road is a major one-way road in Singapore, located to the north of the Singapore River. It begins at the junction with Crawford Street in Kallang, situated on the western bank of the Rochor River, and runs in a southwesterly direction until it reaches Elgin Bridge. Beyond the bridge, the road continues as South Bridge Road on the southern side of the river. Along its course, North Bridge Road passes through the planning areas of Kallang, Rochor and the Downtown Core.
Peter's Pit
Peter's Pit (or Peters Pit) is a 28.7-hectare (71-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest north-east of Snodland in  Kent. It is a Special Area of Conservation

This was formerly a chalk quarry and it has an undulating terrain. There are many ponds, some of which have populations of the great crested newt, a protected species under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981. The site has two reptiles, grass snakes and common European adders.

A footpath from Old Church Road goes through the site.

Special Area of Conservation
A special area of conservation (SAC) is defined in the European Union's Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC), also known as the Directive on the Conservation of Natural Habitats and of Wild Fauna and Flora. They are to protect the 220 habitats and approximately 1,000 species listed in annex I and II of the directive which are considered to be of European interest following criteria given in the directive. They must be chosen from the sites of Community importance by the member states and designated SAC by an act assuring the conservation measures of the natural habitat.

SACs complement special protection areas and together form a network of protected sites across the European Union called Natura 2000.  This, in turn, is part of the Emerald network of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) under the Berne Convention.
Arnold Laasner
Arnold Laasner (27 June 1906 – 29 January 1964) was an Estonian footballer and basketball player.

He was born in Tallinn. A midfielder, he began his football career at the age of 14 in Nõmme. In 1925 he joined SK Tallinna Sport. He became the Estonian champion in 1925, 1929 and 1931–33. He won the silver medal in 1926, 1927, 1930, 1934, 1936 and 1943, and won the bronze medal in 1939. In 1932, he scored the most goals (fourteen) in Meistriliiga and scored 54 goals in the championship during his career.

He also played ice hockey, volleyball and especially basketball, winning a silver medal for the Estonian championships in 1927. He played also one match for Estonia men's national basketball team.

Following the Soviet re-occupation and annexation of Estonia at the end of World War II, he fled to Germany. Later, he moved to United Kingdom. He died in Gloucester in 1964.

Meistriliiga
Meistriliiga (pronounced [ˈmeistriliːɡ̊ɑː]), officially known as A. Le Coq Premium Liiga for sponsorship reasons, and commonly known as the Premium Liiga, is the highest division of the Estonian Football Association annual football championship. The league was founded in 1992, and was initially semi-professional with amateur clubs allowed to compete. With the help of solidarity mechanisms, the league is fully professional since the 2020 season.

As in most countries with low temperatures in winter, the season starts in March and ends in November. Meistriliiga consists of ten clubs, all teams play each other four times.

After each season, the bottom team is relegated to the Esiliiga, the Estonian second division league. The second last team plays a two-legged play-off with the second team in the Esiliiga for a place in the Meistriliiga.
Pakhshan Azizi
Pakhshan Azizi (Persian: پخشان عزیزی; Sorani Kurdish: په‌خشان عه‌زیزی; born 7 August 1984 in Mahabad, Iran) is a Kurdish-Iranian human rights activist currently recognized as a political prisoner in Iran. In July 2024, she was sentenced to death on charges of "armed rebellion against the state". She was additionally given a four-year prison term for alleged affiliation with the Kurdistan Free Life Party (PJAK). Her legal representatives have denied these allegations.

Ministry of Intelligence (Iran)
The Ministry of Intelligence of the Islamic Republic of Iran (Persian: وزارت اطّلاعات جمهوری اسلامی ایران, romanized: Vezarat-e Ettela'at Jomhuri-ye Eslami-ye Iran), also known as Ministry of Intelligence and Security is the primary intelligence agency of Iran and a member of the Iran Intelligence Community. It was initially known as SAVAMA, after it took over the Shah's intelligence apparatus SAVAK. The ministry is one of the three "sovereign" ministerial bodies of Iran due to nature of its work at home and abroad.
Connect:Direct
Connect:Direct—originally named Network Data Mover (NDM)—is a computer software product that transfers files between mainframe computers and/or midrange computers. It was developed for mainframes, with other platforms being added as the product grew.  NDM was renamed to Connect:Direct in 1993, following the acquisition of Systems Center, Inc. by Sterling Software. In 1996, Sterling Software executed a public spinoff of a new entity called Sterling Commerce, which consisted of the Communications Software Group (the business unit responsible for marketing the Connect:Direct product and other file transfer products sourced from the pre-1993 Sterling Software (e.g. Connect:Mailbox)) and the Sterling EDI Network business. In 2000, SBC Communications acquired Sterling Commerce and held it until 2010. AT&T merged with SBC effective November 2005.  In 2010, IBM completed the purchase of Sterling Commerce from AT&T.

Midrange computer
Midrange computers, or midrange systems, were a class of computer systems that fell in between mainframe computers and microcomputers.

This class of machine emerged in the 1960s, with models from Digital Equipment Corporation (PDP lines), Data General (NOVA), and Hewlett-Packard (HP 2100 and HP 3000) widely used in science and research as well as for business - and referred to as minicomputers.

IBM favored the term "midrange computer" for their comparable, but more business-oriented systems.
Agia, Cyprus
Agia (Greek: Αγιά; Turkish: Dilekkaya or Agakebir) is a village in the Nicosia District of Cyprus, east of Tymvou and Ercan International Airport. It is under the de facto control of Northern Cyprus. The village was almost exclusively inhabited by Turkish Cypriots even before 1974. As of 2011, it had a population of 619.

Nicosia District
The Nicosia District, or simply Nicosia (also Lefkosia and Lefkoşa), is one of the six districts of Cyprus. Its main town is the island country's capital city, Nicosia. The de facto TRNC-controlled northern part of the district is the Lefkoşa District of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.

TRNC-controlled areas of the Larnaca District of the Republic of Cyprus are administered as part of Nicosia District, while western parts of the Nicosia District under de facto TRNC control are administered as part of the new Güzelyurt and Lefke Districts.
Wiewiórów, Gmina Lgota Wielka
Wiewiórów [vjɛˈvjuruf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lgota Wielka, within Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 2 km (1 mi) north of Lgota Wielka, 14 km (9 mi) north-west of Radomsko, and 70 km (43 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Radomsko County
Radomsko County (Polish: powiat radomszczański) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Radomsko, which lies 80 kilometres (50 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź. The county also contains the towns of Przedbórz, lying 31 km (19 mi) east of Radomsko, and Kamieńsk, 16 km (10 mi) north of Radomsko.

The county covers an area of 1,442.78 square kilometres (557.1 sq mi). As of 2006, it had a population of 118,856, out of which the population of Radomsko was 49,152, that of Przedbórz was 3,758, that of Kamieńsk was 2,858, and the rural population was 63,088.
Pethia muvattupuzhaensis
Pethia muvattupuzhaensis is a species of cyprinid fish found in Muvattupuzha and Periyar Rivers, Kerala, India.  It is sometimes considered conspecific with Pethia punctata. Day, 1865  This species can be found over sand or gravel substrates. This species reaches a length of 4.5 centimetres (1.8 in) SL.

Muvattupuzha
Muvattupuzha ([muʋɐːt̺ːupuɻɐ]) is a municipality in the Ernakulam district of Kerala, India. It is located 35 km (21.7 mi) east of the district headquarters in Thrikkakara and about 204 km (126.8 mi) north of the state capital Thiruvananthapuram. As per the 2011 Indian census, Muvattupuzha has a population of 30,397 people, out of which 15,010 are males and 15,387 are females and a population density of 2,306/km2 (5,970/sq mi).

Muvattupuzha is bordered by the Kottayam district on the southern side and the Idukki district on the eastern side. Muvattupuzha lies on the intersection between MC Road and National Highway 49, about 28 km (17 mi) from the district capital Ernakulam. Muvattupuzha is located 20 km (12 mi) from Thodupuzha, 17 km (11 mi) from Koothattukulam, and 5 km (3.1 mi) away from Arakuzha.
System Management Mode
System Management Mode (SMM, sometimes called ring −2 in reference to protection rings) is an operating mode of x86 central processor units (CPUs) in which all normal execution, including the operating system, is suspended.  An alternate software system which usually resides in the computer's firmware, or a hardware-assisted debugger, is then executed with high privileges.

It was first released with the Intel 386SL. While initially special SL versions were required for SMM, Intel incorporated SMM in its mainline 486 and Pentium processors in 1993. AMD implemented Intel's SMM with the Am386 processors in 1991. It is available in all later microprocessors in the x86 architecture.

In ARM architecture the Exception Level 3 (EL3) mode is also referred as Secure Monitor Mode or System Management Mode.

Computer architecture
In computer science and computer engineering, a computer architecture is the structure of a computer system made from component parts. It can sometimes be a high-level description that ignores details of the implementation. At a more detailed level, the description may include the instruction set architecture design, microarchitecture design, logic design, and implementation.
Amor Descarado
Amor Descarado (Barefaced Love) is a telenovela produced by RTI Producciones and Spanish-language United States–based television network Telemundo, this is a US Hispanic version of Chilean telenovela Amores de Mercado. It was broadcast by Telemundo on September 8, 2003, and ended on March 19, 2004. This telenovela was aired in eight countries around the world.

RTI Producciones
RTI Colombia, also known as Radio Televisión Interamericana (Inter-American Radio and Television), is a Colombian television production company and former programadora. It aired 14.5 hours per week of programming in 1993.
In the 1990s, as a programadora, it was a member of OTI Colombia, a coalition that included Producciones PUNCH, Producciones JES, RCN Television, Caracol Televisión and Datos y Mensajes.

Many of its series were co-produced with Telemundo in the United States, including Zorro and Sin Vergüenza. In Colombia, they air on Caracol TV and Citytv Bogotá. R.T.I. had some programming spaces on the state-owned Canal Uno until 2008, when it returned them in order to bid with El Tiempo and Grupo Planeta for the third private national channel licence.

Starting from 2007, the Telemundo-R.T.I. studio (a joint venture of Telemundo & R.T.I.) in Miami is known as Telemundo Television Studios.
Denmark–South Africa relations
Denmark–South Africa relations refers to the bilateral relations between Denmark and South Africa. Denmark has an embassy in Pretoria and South Africa has an embassy in Copenhagen.

Queen Margrethe II visited to South Africa in 1996. President Nelson Mandela visited Denmark in 1999. Denmark has always had a very active development co-operation programme with South Africa dating from the 1960s, which was changed to an assistance programme from 1995. Denmark assisted with 4 billion DKK. Denmark remains a strong supporter of NEPAD.

Cultural relations between South Africa and Denmark are established in, among other forums, the Danish Society in South Africa and the Nordic-South African Business Association.

New Partnership for Africa's Development
The New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) is an economic development program of the African Union (AU). NEPAD was adopted by  the AU at the 37th session of the Assembly of Heads of State and Government in July 2001 in Lusaka, Zambia. NEPAD aims to provide an overarching vision and policy framework for accelerating economic co-operation and integration among African countries.
Yanornithiformes
Yanornithiformes is an order of ornithuromorph dinosaurs from the early Cretaceous Period of China. All known specimens come from the Yixian Formation and Jiufotang Formation, dating to the early Aptian age, 124.6 to 120 million years ago.

Yixian Formation
The Yixian Formation (simplified Chinese: 义县组; traditional Chinese: 義縣組; pinyin: Yìxiàn zǔ; formerly transcribed as Yihsien Formation or Yixiang Formation) is a geological formation in Jinzhou, Liaoning, People's Republic of China, that spans the Barremian stage of the Early Cretaceous. It is known for its exquisitely preserved fossils, and is mainly composed of basalts interspersed with siliciclastic sediments.
Marie Morisawa
Marie Morisawa (November 2, 1919 – June 10, 1994) was an American geomorphologist.  Morisawa was an integral part of the revolution in the field that began in the 1950s.  She studied the geomorphology of rivers, active fault zones, plate tectonics, coastal geomorphology, geological hazards, and environmental geomorphology.

Coastal geography
Coastal geography is the study of the constantly changing region between the ocean and the land, incorporating both the physical geography (i.e. coastal geomorphology, climatology and oceanography) and the human geography (sociology and history) of the coast. It includes understanding coastal weathering processes, particularly wave action, sediment movement and weather, and  the ways in which humans interact with the coast.
Arthur John Lewis
Arthur John Lewis (12 March 1879 – 8 November 1961) was a British-Canadian minister, administrator and politician. Lewis served as a Progressive party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in Isham, Northants, England, the son of Arthur Lewis and Hannah S. Quincy, came to Canada in 1903 and became a Presbyterian minister, manager and secretary.

Lewis was educated at the University of Saskatchewan and Presbyterian College in Saskatoon. In 1908, he married Eva M. Thomlinson. He was elected to Parliament at the Swift Current riding in the 1921 general election. After completing one term in the House of Commons, Lewis was defeated in the 1925 federal election by Charles Edward Bothwell of the Liberals. Lewis was again unsuccessful at the riding during the 1926 federal election campaign. He made one more attempt to return to Parliament, this time as a Social Credit party candidate in the 1935 election at the Melfort riding but was again unsuccessful.

Isham
Isham is a village and civil parish in Northamptonshire, England. It is on the A509 road, three miles south of Kettering and a mile to the west of Burton Latimer. The River Ise is to the east of the village. Administratively, it forms part of North Northamptonshire. It was previously in the Borough of Wellingborough until 2021. At the time of the 2011 census, the parish's population was 772 people.

The villages name means 'River Ise homestead/village'.

A bypass west of the village is planned by the county council. HMS Isham, a Ham class minesweeper was named after the village in 1954.
Balto II: Wolf Quest
Balto II: Wolf Quest is a 2002 American direct-to-video animated adventure film produced and directed by Phil Weinstein. It is the sequel to Universal Pictures/Amblin Entertainment's 1995 Northern animated film Balto.

Charles Fleischer
Charles Fleischer (born August 27, 1950) is an American actor, stand-up comedian, musician, and writer, best known for his recurring role as Carvelli in Welcome Back, Kotter, and for appearing in films such as Who Framed Roger Rabbit, A Nightmare on Elm Street, The Polar Express, Rango, Chip 'n Dale: Rescue Rangers, and We're Back! A Dinosaur's Story. He made a cameo in Back to the Future Part II and also reprised the role of Roger Rabbit in the Roger Rabbit theatrical shorts. After beginning his career on the comedy club circuit, Charles Fleischer's first big break in comedy television came when he made an appearance on Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In.
Jean Pierre Rothschild
Jean Pierre Rothschild (born in Paris, 1956) is Director Emeritus of Studies in Historical and Philological Sciences at École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) and Director Emeritus of Research at the Institute for Research and History of Texts (IRHT) at the French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), specializing in Philology, History of Philosophy, Medieval Philosophy, and Latin and Hebrew studies and texts. He serves as co-editor and co-director of the French quarterly Revue des Études Juives (Review of Jewish Studies, established in the year 1880) and in 2023 was awarded the Prix Duchalais from Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres (AIBL, Academy of Inscriptions and Literature) for his editorial work on "La bibliothèque de l’abbaye de Clairvaux du XIIe au XVIIIe siècle, t. II. Manuscrits conservés. Troisième partie : Cotes O, P, Q".

Clairvaux Abbey
Clairvaux Abbey (/klɛərˈvoʊ/, French: [klɛʁvo] l’abbaye de Clairvaux; Latin: Clara Vallis) was a Cistercian monastery in Ville-sous-la-Ferté, 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from Bar-sur-Aube. The abbey was founded in 1115 by Bernard of Clairvaux. As a primary abbey, it was one of the most significant monasteries in the order. Dissolved during the French Revolution, it was used from 1808 to 2023 as Clairvaux Prison, a high-security correctional facility. As of 2024, the site was being converted to a tourist destination.

Its layout was significantly altered by construction in the 18th and 19th centuries. Before it was a prison, Clairvaux Abbey served as an archetype for Cistercian monasteries; significant portions of the ancient abbey remain standing.
Gasoline and diesel usage and pricing
The usage and pricing of gasoline (or petrol) results from factors such as crude oil prices, processing and distribution costs, local demand, the strength of local currencies, local taxation or subsidy, and the availability of local sources of gasoline (supply).  Since fuels are traded worldwide, the trade prices are similar.  The price paid by consumers largely reflects national pricing policy.  Most countries impose taxes on gasoline (petrol), whereas a few, such as Venezuela, subsidize the cost. No country's taxes cover all the negative externalities (air pollution and CO2 emissions) associated with usage, that is they do not make the polluter pay the full cost. Western countries have among the highest usage rates per person. The largest consumer is the United States.

Polluter pays principle
In environmental law, the polluter pays principle is enacted to make the party responsible for producing pollution responsible for paying for the damage done to the natural environment. This principle has also been used to put the costs of pollution prevention on the polluter.  It is regarded as a regional custom because of the strong support it has received in most Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and European Union countries, and has a strong scientific basis in economics. It is a fundamental principle in US environmental law.
Tom Kitchin
Thomas William Kitchin is a Scottish chef and owner of The Kitchin, where he became Scotland's youngest winner of a Michelin star.

Kitchin and his wife Michaela opened The Kitchin in 2006 on Leith’s waterfront. The restaurant was awarded a Michelin Star in 2007, just six months after opening, making Kitchin Scotland’s youngest Michelin star chef proprietor at 29 years old. The restaurant has retained its Michelin star and has been recognised with other awards and accolades. In 2015, The Kitchin became Scotland’s only restaurant to hold 5 AA Rosettes.

Kitchin trained in some of Europe's leading kitchens, including La Tante Claire in London under Pierre Koffmann, and Guy Savoy in Paris, as well as Le Louis XV in Monaco, led by Alain Ducasse.

Le Louis XV (restaurant)
Le Louis XV - Alain Ducasse à l'Hôtel de Paris is a French restaurant in Monte Carlo, Monaco. Run by the chef Alain Ducasse, it holds three Michelin stars. It has appeared in lists of the world's top restaurants.