hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sparse network
In network science, a sparse network has much fewer links than the possible maximum number of links within that network (the opposite is a dense network). The study of sparse networks is a relatively new area primarily stimulated by the study of real networks, such as social and computer networks.

The notion of much fewer links is, of course, colloquial and informal. While a threshold for a particular network may be invented, there is no universal threshold that defines what much fewer actually means. As a result, there is no formal sense of sparsity for any finite network, despite widespread agreement that most empirical networks are indeed sparse. There is, however, a formal sense of sparsity in the case of infinite network models, determined by the behavior of the number of edges (L) and/or the average degree (⟨k⟩) as the number of nodes (N) goes to infinity.

Adjacency matrix
In graph theory and computer science, an adjacency matrix is a square matrix used to represent a finite graph. The elements of the matrix indicate whether pairs of vertices are adjacent or not within the graph.

In the special case of a finite simple graph, the adjacency matrix is a (0,1)-matrix with zeros on its diagonal. If the graph is undirected (i.e. all of its edges are bidirectional), the adjacency matrix is symmetric. 
The relationship between a graph and the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of its adjacency matrix is studied in spectral graph theory.

The adjacency matrix of a graph should be distinguished from its incidence matrix, a different matrix representation whose elements indicate whether vertex–edge pairs are incident or not, and its degree matrix, which contains information about the degree of each vertex.
Every Time I Feel the Spirit (album)
Every Time I Feel the Spirit is a 1959 studio album by Nat King Cole, of spirituals, arranged by Gordon Jenkins. Cole is accompanied by the First Church of Deliverance Choir of Chicago, Illinois.  The album was re-issued by Capitol Records in 1966 under the new title, Nat King Cole Sings Hymns and Spirituals.  Several bonus tracks, recorded between 1951 and 1961 and arranged by Nelson Riddle and others, were added to later CD re-issues.

Nelson Riddle
Nelson Smock Riddle Jr. (June 1, 1921 – October 6, 1985) was an American arranger, composer, bandleader and orchestrator whose career stretched from the late 1940s to the mid-1980s. He worked with many vocalists at Capitol Records, including Frank Sinatra, Ella Fitzgerald, Nat King Cole, Judy Garland, Dean Martin, Peggy Lee, Johnny Mathis, Rosemary Clooney and Keely Smith. He scored and arranged music for many films and television shows, earning an Academy Award and three Grammy Awards. He found commercial and critical success with a new generation in the 1980s, in a trio of platinum albums with Linda Ronstadt.
Jeff Duvendeck
Jeffrey Duvendeck (born c. 1977) is an American college football coach. He is the offensive coordinator for Carthage College, a position he has held since 2024. He was the head football coach for Culver–Stockton College from 2011 to 2016 and Lawrence Technological University from 2017 to 2019. He also coached for Central Michigan, Tiffin, Grand Valley State, Michigan Tech, Northern Michigan, Michigan State, Eastern Michigan, and St. Thomas (MN). He played college football for Central Michigan as a running back.

Carthage College
Carthage College is a private college in Kenosha, Wisconsin, United States. Founded in 1847, it is affiliated with the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. Carthage awards bachelor's degrees with majors in more than 40 subject areas and master's degrees in three areas. Carthage has 150 faculty and enrolls approximately 2,600 students. It is an affiliate of the Wisconsin Space Grant Consortium.
Lake Pythias
Lake Pythias is a circular freshwater lake in northern Highlands County, Florida.  It is north of Pioneer Lake and just east of Lake Damon.   Lake Pythias has a surface area of 270.45 acres.

Rivers Greens Golf Course is just beyond the west shore of this lake.  However, there is no public access to this lake.

Highlands County, Florida
Highlands County is a county located in the Florida Heartland region of the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2020 census, the population was 101,235. Its county seat is Sebring. Highlands County comprises the Sebring, FL Metropolitan Statistical Area. The SMA was first defined in 2003 as the Sebring, Florida Micropolitan Statistical Area (μSA), consisting of Highlands County. The status of the area was changed to a metropolitan statistical area (MSA) in 2013. The MSA was renamed the Sebring-Avon Park, Florida MSA in 2018. The name reverted to Sebring, Florida MSA in 2023.
Abhishek Yadav (Nepalese politician)
Abhishek Yadav (Nepali: अभिषेक यादव) is a Nepalese politician. He is a member of Provincial Assembly of Madhesh Province from People's Socialist Party, Nepal. Yadav, a resident of Bodebarsain Municipality, was elected via 2017 Nepalese provincial elections from Saptari 4(B).

People's Socialist Party, Nepal (2020)
The People's Socialist Party, Nepal (abbr. PSP-N; Nepali: जनता समाजवादी पार्टी, नेपाल), also known as Janata Samajbadi Party, Nepal  is the seventh largest political party in Nepal. Since the 2022 local election, the party had been limited to stand only as the third largest party of Madhesh Province after the Nepali Congress and CPN (UML) respectively.

With 9 out of 275 seats in the lower house and 3 out of 59 seats in the upper house National Assembly, the party is the seventh largest political party in the Federal Parliament. While Mahantha Thakur serves as patron of the party, Upendra Yadav serves as the party chairman.
Trinidad Theatre Workshop
Trinidad Theatre Workshop {TTW) was founded in 1959, by 1992 Nobel Laureate Derek Walcott, with his twin brother Roderick Walcott and performers including Beryl McBurnie, Errol Jones and Stanley Marshall, and started at the Little Carib Theatre, before moving to other venues in Port of Spain. Derek Walcott was the founding director, from 1959 to 1971.

In its inaugural season, the Workshop presented The Blacks by Jean Genet, Eric Roach's Belle Fanto, and The Road by Wole Soyinka.  The company continues to produce works by Walcott and others (including such diverse dramatists as Dario Fo, Tennessee Williams, Anton Chekhov, Ntozake Shange, Neil Simon, and Athol Fugard among many others), and in recent years has offered educational programmes and community outreach in the region, in addition to its production schedule.

The TTW is known as "The Flagship of the Theatre Movement in the Caribbean".

The Blacks (play)
The Blacks (French: Les Nègres) is a play by the French dramatist Jean Genet. Published in 1958, it was first performed in a production directed by Roger Blin at the Théâtre de Lutèce in Paris, France, which opened on 28 October 1959.
Economic reforms of Matthias Corvinus
Matthias Corvinus, or Matthias I, ruled the Kingdom of Hungary from 1458 to 1490. His reign is widely regarded as the golden age of Hungary, marked with territorial expansion and consolidation of monarchial power. Matthias’s territorial ambitions frequently brought his realm into conflict with neighboring states, such as the Ottoman Empire, Poland, Bohemia, and the Holy Roman Empire. To meet his demand for a professional defense force, Matthias established one of the first standing armies at the time, the Black Army of Hungary. Matthias was successful in delivering the financial resources required to maintain such a large standing army. Through administrative and financial reforms, Matthias Corvinus increased royal revenues, strengthened monarchial power, and suppressed magnate influence on state governance. Even though the magnate class and the upper nobility retained their traditional power in Hungary, Matthias’s reforms allowed the crown to act independently through royal revenues.

Magnate
A magnate was a man from the higher nobility, a man who belonged to the high office-holders, or a man in a high social position, by birth, wealth or other qualities in Western Christian countries since the medieval period. It also includes the members of the higher clergy, such as bishops, archbishops and cardinals. In reference to the medieval, the term is often used to distinguish higher territorial landowners and warlords, such as counts, earls, dukes, and territorial-princes from the baronage. In Poland the szlachta (nobles) constituted one of the largest proportions of the population (around 10–12%) and 'magnat' refers to the richest nobles, or nobles of the nobility - even though they had equal voting rights in Poland's electoral monarchy.
Slavětín (Olomouc District)
Slavětín is a municipality and village in Olomouc District in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.

Slavětín lies approximately 23 kilometres (14 mi) north-west of Olomouc and 188 km (117 mi) east of Prague.

Olomouc
Olomouc (Czech pronunciation: [ˈolomouts] ⓘ; German: Olmütz) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 103,000 inhabitants, making it the sixth largest city in the country. It is the administrative centre of the Olomouc Region.

Located on the Morava River, the city is the ecclesiastical metropolis and was a historical co-capital city of Moravia, before having been occupied by the Swedish army during the Thirty Years' War. The historic city centre is well preserved and is protected as urban monument reservation. The Holy Trinity Column was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2000 for its quintessential Baroque style and symbolic value.
Julius Hoste Sr.
Julius Hoste Sr. (Tielt, 23 January 1848 – Brussels, 28 March 1933), was a Belgian writer and businessman. He is the father of Julius Hoste Jr.

In 1888, he founded the moderate liberal Flemish newspaper Het Laatste Nieuws. For the Flemish theatre in Brussels (KVS), he wrote several very successful historical plays, such as De Brusselsche straatzanger (1883) and De kleine patriot (1889). He was a freemason, and a member of the lodge Les Amis Philanthropes of the Grand Orient of Belgium in Brussels.

Tielt
Tielt (Dutch pronunciation: [tilt]; French: Thielt) is a Belgian city and municipality in the province of West Flanders. The municipality comprises the town of Tielt proper and the villages of Aarsele, Kanegem, and Schuiferskapelle.
Saluvankuppam
Saluvankuppam, also spelt as Salavankuppam or Saluvanakuppam, is a coastal hamlet in the Chengalpattu district of Tamil Nadu, India. It is situated on the East Coast Road at a distance of 7 kilometres from Mahabalipuram on the Chennai-Mahabalipuram stretch. The Tiger Cave, which forms a part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Mahabalipuram is located here. The recently unearthed Murugan Temple close to Tiger Cave is also located here. The hamlet along with its surroundings house a number of resorts and is a popular tourist destination.

Mamallapuram
Mamallapuram (also known as Mahabalipuram), is a town in Chengalpattu district in the southeastern Indian state of Tamil Nadu, best known for the UNESCO World Heritage Site of 7th- and 8th-century Hindu Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram. It is one of the famous tourist sites in India. The ancient name of the place is Thirukadalmallai. It is a part of Chennai Metropolitan Area. It is a satellite town of Chennai.

Mamallapuram was one of two major port cities in the Pallava kingdom. The town was named after Pallava king Narasimhavarman I, who was also known as Mamalla. Along with economic prosperity, it became the site of a group of royal monuments, many carved out of the living rock. These are dated to the 7th and 8th centuries: rathas (temples in the form of chariots), mandapas (cave sanctuaries), the giant open-air rock relief the Descent of the Ganges, and the Shore Temple dedicated to Shiva. The contemporary town plan was established by the British Raj in 1827.
Ruth Vermehren
Ruth Vermehren (1894–1983) was a Danish Lutheran priest, one of the first three women to become priests of the Church of Denmark. An active member of the Danish Women's Society, she was frequently invited to preach at the organization's events. As a result of legislation introduced by the Church Minister Carl Hermansen in 1947, the following year, together with Johanne Andersen and Edith Brenneche Petersen, she was ordained by Bishop Hans Øllgaard in Odense Cathedral. Denmark thus became the first country in the world to have women priests. Vermehren then served as a priest in Copenhagen's Women's Prison until she retired in 1964.

St. Canute's Cathedral
St. Canute's Cathedral (Danish: Odense Domkirke or Sankt Knuds Kirke), also known as Odense Cathedral, is named after the Danish king Canute the Saint (Danish: Knud den Hellige), otherwise Canute IV. It is a fine example of Brick Gothic architecture. The church's most visited section is the crypt where the remains of Canute and his brother Benedict are on display.
Communes of the Essonne department
The following is a list of the 194 communes of the Essonne department of France.

The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2025):

Métropole du Grand Paris (partly)

Communauté d'agglomération Cœur d'Essonne

Communauté d'agglomération Étampois Sud Essonne

Communauté d'agglomération Grand Paris Sud Seine-Essonne-Sénart (partly)

Communauté d'agglomération Paris-Saclay

Communauté d'agglomération Val d'Yerres Val de Seine

Communauté d'agglomération Versailles Grand Parc (partly)

Communauté de communes des 2 Vallées

Communauté de communes Le Dourdannais en Hurepoix

Communauté de communes Entre Juine et Renarde

Communauté de communes de l'Orée de la Brie (partly)

Communauté de communes du Pays de Limours

Communauté de communes du Val d'Essonne

Communauté d'agglomération Cœur d'Essonne
Communauté d'agglomération Cœur d'Essonne (also: Cœur d'Essonne Agglomération) is an agglomeration community, an intercommunal structure, centred on the city of Sainte-Geneviève-des-Bois, a southern suburb of Paris. It is located in the Essonne department, in the Île-de-France region, northern France. It was created in January 2016. Its area is 132.7 km2. Its population was 201,873 in 2018.
Sudanese teddy bear blasphemy case
The Sudanese teddy bear blasphemy case concerns the 2007 arrest, trial, conviction, imprisonment, and subsequent release of British schoolteacher Gillian Gibbons, who taught children of middle-class Muslim and Christian families at Unity High School in Khartoum, Sudan. She was convicted of insulting Islam by allowing her class of six-year-olds to name a teddy bear "Muhammad".

Unity High School (Sudan)
Unity High School is an independent multi-denominational co-educational private school in Khartoum, Sudan, which uses the English language and provides a British-style education to children from 4 to 18 years of age. It opened as an all-girls school in 1902, and in its current form goes back to 1928. Unity High is situated in the center of Khartoum.
Caribbean Cops
Caribbean Cops is an 8 part documentary created for Virgin 1.

The series was shot on location in Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago, and St Lucia, and was designed to capture the drama behind policing these holiday destinations and keeping the islands safe.

Throughout the series, cameras followed each of the islands' local police forces in their battles against international drug smuggling, gun crime and homicide, as well as other crimes directly linked with the tourist trade. The series is narrated by English actor Shaun Parkes.
Series Producer: Tricia O'Leary

Tobago
Tobago, officially the Ward of Tobago, is an island and ward in Trinidad and Tobago. It is 35 kilometres (20 nautical miles) northeast of the larger island of Trinidad and about 160 kilometres (85 nautical miles) off Venezuela's northeastern coast. It is southeast of Grenada and southwest of Barbados.
Shobha Karandlaje
Shobha Karandlaje (born 23 October 1966) is an Indian politician from Karnataka who is currently the Minister of State for Ministry of Labour and Employment, Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in the Third Modi Ministry. She was also Minister of State for Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare Minister of State for Food Processing Industries in the Second Modi ministry. She is also the Vice President of Bharatiya Janata Party, Karnataka and Member of Parliament representing Bangalore North since 2024, and represented Udupi Chikmagalur Lok Sabha Constituency from 2014 to 2024. She was a cabinet minister in the Government of Karnataka.

Bharatiya Janata Party – Karnataka
The Bharatiya Janata Party – Karnataka (BJP Karnataka), also known as the Karnataka BJP, is the affiliate of the Bharatiya Janata Party in the Indian state of Karnataka. The party is based in Bengaluru and is led by chair B. Y. Vijayendra.
Kenneth Zaret
Kenneth S. Zaret (born March 7, 1955) is a professor in the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology at the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, and Director of the Institute for Regenerative Medicine at UPenn.  He is a recipient of the Hans Popper Basic Science Award from the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the American Liver Foundation, a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the European Molecular Biology Organization, and the National Academy of Sciences.

Perelman School of Medicine
The Perelman School of Medicine, previously the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine (Penn Med), is the medical school of the University of Pennsylvania, a private Ivy league research university in Philadelphia. Founded in 1765, it is the oldest medical school in the United States.

As of 2024, the school has about 2,900 faculty members and nearly $1 billion in annual sponsored program awards.
KAI Commuter Rangkasbitung Line
The Rangkasbitung Line (also known as KRL Commuterline Tanah Abang–Rangkasbitung), officially the Rangkasbitung Commuter Line, is a commuter rail line in Indonesia, operated by PT Kereta Commuter Indonesia (KCI). The line connects Tanah Abang station in Central Jakarta and Rangkasbitung station in Lebak Regency, Banten. On maps and diagrams, the line is shown using the color "green" ( ). Tanah Abang–Rangkasbitung line is the longest and fourth busiest line in the KRL Commuterline system.

Central Jakarta
Central Jakarta (Indonesian: Jakarta Pusat, Betawi: Jakarté Bèlah Tengah), abbreviated as Jakpus, is one of the five administrative cities (kota administrasi) and de facto Capital City of the Special Capital Region of Jakarta. It had 902,973 inhabitants according to the 2010 census and 1,056,896 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as of mid-2023 was 1,103,357, comprising 553,471 males and 549,886 females. Central Jakarta is not self-governed and does not have a city council, hence it is not classified as a proper municipality.

Central Jakarta is the smallest in area and population of the five administrative cities of Jakarta. It is both the administrative and political center of Jakarta and Indonesia. Central Jakarta contains several large international hotels and major landmarks such as Hotel Indonesia.
Los Patos, Dominican Republic
The Los Patos river and village are located in the Barahona Province of the Dominican Republic, near the town of Paraíso. With just 61 meters — depending on the tide — it is the shortest river on the island and among the shortest rivers in the world.

The village itself lives from fishing and local tourism. On the weekends the river is a popular bathing spot due to its cold temperatures. The name Los Patos ("the ducks") is derived from the unusually large number of ducks early explorers encountered at this specific river. For a long time the ducks of Los Patos were extinct, until the local tourism board brought in a large number of Muscovy ducks to repopulate the river. Dominican dictator Rafael Trujillo, once nicknamed it "Los Chorros De Oro."

17°57′26″N 71°11′09″W﻿ / ﻿17.9571°N 71.1857°W﻿ / 17.9571; -71.1857

Muscovy duck
The Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) is a shelduck native to the Americas, from the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas and Mexico south to Argentina and Uruguay. The species has been domesticated, and feral Muscovy ducks can be found locally in New Zealand, Australia, the United States, and in Central and Eastern Europe.
Acetylide
In chemistry, an acetylide is a compound that can be viewed as the result of replacing one or both hydrogen atoms of acetylene (ethyne) HC≡CH by metallic or other cations. Calcium carbide is an important industrial compound, which has long been used to produce acetylene for welding and illumination. It is also a major precursor to vinyl chloride. Other acetylides are reagents in organic synthesis.

Organic synthesis
Organic synthesis is a branch of chemical synthesis concerned with the construction of organic compounds. Organic compounds  are molecules consisting of combinations of covalently-linked hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen atoms. Within the general subject of organic synthesis, there are many different types of synthetic routes that can be completed including total synthesis, stereoselective synthesis, automated synthesis, and many more. Additionally, in understanding organic synthesis it is necessary to be familiar with the methodology, techniques, and applications of the subject.
Djénhael Maingé
Djénhael Maingé (born 18 February 1992) is a professional footballer who plays as a forward for Club Franciscain in the Martinique Championnat National  and internationally for Martinique.

He made his debut for Martinique in 2012. He was in the Martinique Gold Cup squad for the 2017  tournament.

In January 2015, Maingé spent 2 weeks on trial with SCO Angers. This was not successful, but he remained in France to play for Club Franciscain in the Coupe de France match against Nantes. In May 2018, Maingé scored for Club Franciscain as the Martinique side beat Central FC 2-1 to qualify for the 2018 CONCACAF League.

Central F.C.
Central Football Club is a Trinidad and Tobago professional football club, based in California, that plays in the TT Pro League. Founded in 2012, the Sharks were the 21st team to join the Pro League and plays its home matches in Ato Boldon Stadium located in nearby Couva.
Hot Heels
Hot Heels is a lost 1928 American silent comedy film directed by William James Craft and starring Glenn Tryon and Patsy Ruth Miller. It was produced and distributed by Universal Pictures.

A trailer for the film survives.

William James Craft
William James Craft (1886 – 30 June 1931) was a Canadian film director and screenwriter. He directed more than 60 films between 1910 and 1931. He is also credited with writing for 12 films between 1920 and 1928. Craft was born in Toronto and died in 1931 from injuries received in an auto accident.
Common Rotation
Common Rotation is an American indie folk rock band consisting of Eric Kufs (vocals, guitar), Adam Busch (vocals, saxophone, harmonica, glockenspiel), and Jordan Katz (vocals, trumpet, banjo). The three are childhood friends from New York City and have been making music together for almost 20 years.

Guilt by Association Vol. 3
Guilt by Association Vol. 3 is a compilation album released November 15, 2011 by Engine Room Recordings. Like its previous installments, Guilt by Association Vol. 1 and Guilt by Association Vol. 2, Guilt By Association Vol. 3 features indie rock artists covering popular rock songs.