hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tielemans
Tielemans is a Dutch patronymic surname. Tieleman is a primarily archaic Dutch given name that could be of West Frisian origin or a nickname of Theodorus. It had many spellings (e.g. Thielman, Tielman, Tilman, Tylman) and variations on the patronym include Thieleman, Thielemans, Thielman, Tieleman, Tielman, Tilleman and Tillemans . People with these surnames include:

Tylman
Tylman is a given name and surname. Notable people with the name include:

Surname:

Richard Tylman of Faversham, English food commodity dealer and exporter

Stanley D. Tylman (1893–1982), professor of dentistry (1920–1962), University of Illinois at Chicago College of Dentistry

Given name:

Tylman van Gameren (1632–1706), Dutch-born Polish architect and engineer who settled in Poland and worked for Queen Maria Kazimiera

Tylman Susato (1510–1570), Renaissance composer, instrumentalist and publisher of music in Antwerp
U.S. Route 160 in Colorado
U.S. Route 160 (US 160) is a part of the U.S. Highway System that travels from Tuba City, Arizona, to Poplar Bluff, Missouri. In the state of Colorado, US 160 starts at the New Mexico state line southwest of Cortez and ends at the Kansas state line east of Springfield.

Poplar Bluff, Missouri
Poplar Bluff is a city in and the county seat of Butler County, Missouri, United States, that is known as "The Gateway to the Ozarks" among other names. The population was 16,225 at the 2020 census. The Poplar Bluff Micropolitan Statistical Area consists of all of Butler County. The city is at the crossroads of U.S. Route 60 and U.S. Route 67.
Elagh More
55°02′20″N 7°20′20″W﻿ / ﻿55.039°N 7.339°W﻿ / 55.039; -7.339

Elagh More (from Irish: Aileach Mór, meaning 'stony place') is a townland in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland and lies between Ballynagalliagh and the border with County Donegal in the Republic of Ireland, on the outskirts of Derry. It is within Derry City and Strabane district.

Elagh More is referred to in Annals of the Four Masters as "tighearna Ailigh do mharbhadh la hUa mBreasail". In the Irish patent rolls of James I, the townland is referred to as Allaghderrie. Later in the century, the manor of Elagh was held by the Benson family, who also founded the town of Stranorlar in County Donegal.

Annals of the Four Masters
The Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland (Middle Irish: Annála Ríoghachta Éireann) or the Annals of the Four Masters (Annála na gCeithre Máistrí) are chronicles of medieval Irish history. The entries span from the Deluge, dated as 2,242 years after creation to AD 1616.

The work was compiled between 1632 and 1636 under the direction of Mícheál Ó Cléirigh and his collaborators, collectively known as the Four Masters. According to modern scholarship, the compilation began at the Franciscan house of refuge at Bundrowes (Bun Drobhaoise) in Bundoran, County Donegal, which served as a base for the friars following the destruction of their original monastery at Donegal Town.
Khirbet Mudayna as-Saliya
Khirbet Mudayna as-Saliya is an archaeological site consisting of the remains of an ancient desert fortress situated on an isolated promontory in central Jordan. Archaeological surveys indicate activity during the Iron Age and classical periods, with its peak occupation occurring in the late Hellenistic to early Roman era.

The ruins exhibit architectural and hydrological features comparable to those of the fortress at Machaerus; their characteristics, including the type of the cisterns and the presence of a mikveh (Jewish ritual bath), suggest that the site was originally constructed by the Hasmonean Kingdom of Judea, with later reoccupation by the Nabataeans.

Ritual purification
Ritual purification is a ritual prescribed by a religion through which a person is considered to be freed of uncleanliness, especially prior to the worship of a deity, and ritual purity is a state of ritual cleanliness. Ritual purification may also apply to objects and places. Ritual uncleanliness is not identical with ordinary physical impurity, such as dirt stains; nevertheless, body fluids are generally considered ritually unclean.

Most of these rituals existed long before the germ theory of disease, and figure prominently from the earliest known religious systems of the Ancient Near East. Some writers connect the rituals to taboos.

Some have described a 'dimension of purity' that is universal in religions that seeks to move humans away from disgust (at one extreme), to uplift them towards purity and divinity (at the other extreme), away from uncleanliness to purity, and away from deviant to moral behavior (within one's cultural context).
McLoughlin Brothers
McLoughlin Bros., Inc. was a New York manufacturing company active between 1858 and 1920.

As a publisher itself, the company was a pioneer in color-printing technologies in children's books. The company specialized in retellings or bowdlerizations of classic stories for children.

McLoughlin Bros. also produced board games, puzzles, and paper toys.

Thomas Bowdler
Thomas Bowdler LRCP FRS (/ˈbaʊdlər/; 11 July 1754 – 24 February 1825) was an English physician known for publishing The Family Shakespeare, an expurgated edition of William Shakespeare's plays edited by his sister Henrietta Maria Bowdler. The two sought a version they saw as more appropriate than the original for 19th-century women and children. Bowdler also published works reflecting an interested knowledge of continental Europe. His last work was an expurgation of Edward Gibbon's Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, published posthumously in 1826 under the supervision of his nephew and biographer, Thomas Bowdler the Younger. From his name derives the eponym verb bowdlerise or bowdlerize, meaning to expurgate or to censor something through the omission of elements deemed unsuited to children in literature and films and on television.
Kidnapping of Shiraaz Mohamed
Shiraaz Mohamed is a South African activist and journalist best known for his kidnap in Syria while volunteering for the non-profit group Gift of the Givers in April 2017. He travelled to Syria as a photojournalist in 2017, and was captured by terrorists in Darkoush while attempting to travel towards the Turkish border. in 2019 he escaped from his captors, and he has since returned home and been reunited with his family.

Gift of the Givers
Gift of the Givers (founded as Waqful Waqifin) is a South African non-governmental organisation and disaster relief group. It was established in 1992 in Pietermaritzberg to offer worldwide disaster relief and  humanitarian assistance. The organisation’s profile in South Africa grew during the 2010s and 2020s, due to challenges faced by the South African government in delivering services, including disaster relief.

As of January 2025, the organisation reported employing over 600 people with offices across nine areas including Somalia, Yemen, and Palestine. With funding from South African companies and private donations, the organisation has distributed over R6 billion ($319m) in aid across 47 countries in 32 years.
More Than One Universe
More Than One Universe: The Collected Stories of Arthur C. Clarke is a collection of science fiction short stories by Arthur C. Clarke originally published in 1991.

The stories originally appeared in the periodicals Playboy, Vogue, Dude, New Worlds, The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction, Dundee Sunday Telegraph, Analog, Amazing Stories, Galaxy Science Fiction, Infinity Science Fiction, London Evening News, Startling Stories, Venture Science Fiction Magazine, If, Boys' Life, This Week, Bizarre! Mystery Magazine, Escapade, Asimov's Science Fiction, Astounding, King's College Review, Dynamic Science Fiction, Thrilling Wonder Stories, Satellite, Argosy and Ten Story Fantasy as well as the anthologies Star Science Fiction Stories No.1 edited by Frederik Pohl, Time to Come edited by August Derleth, Infinity #2 edited by Robert Hoskins, The Farthest Reaches, edited by Joseph Elder, and The Wind From the Sun.

If (magazine)
If was an American science fiction magazine launched in March 1952 by Quinn Publications, owned by James L. Quinn.

The magazine was moderately successful, though for most of its run it was not considered to be in the first tier of American science fiction magazines. It achieved its greatest success under editor Frederik Pohl, winning the Hugo Award for best professional magazine three years running from 1966 to 1968. If published many award-winning stories over its 22 years, including Robert A. Heinlein's novel The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress and Harlan Ellison's short story "I Have No Mouth and I Must Scream". The most prominent writer to make his first sale to If was Larry Niven, whose story "The Coldest Place" appeared in the December 1964 issue.

If was merged into Galaxy Science Fiction after the December 1974 issue, its 175th issue overall.
Kazuma Miki
Kazuma Miki (三木一馬, Miki Kazuma; born September 12, 1977) is a Japanese light novel editor. He is CEO of Straight Edge Inc, editor-in-chief of LINE novel, and outside director of Egg Firm. He is from the Tokushima prefecture. He graduated from Sophia University as a physics major.

Hitoma Iruma
Hitoma Iruma (入間 人間, Iruma Hitoma; born 1986) is a Japanese writer and light novel author, best known for creating Ground Control to Psychoelectric Girl and the yuri series Adachi and Shimamura, both of which have received anime and manga adaptations. He is also known for having written Regarding Saeki Sayaka, a light novel spinoff series of Nio Nakatani's manga Bloom Into You. He was born in Gifu Prefecture.
All Saints' Church, Sedgley
All Saints' Church is the parish church of the town of Sedgley in the Metropolitan Borough of Dudley in the West Midlands County of England. It is dedicated to All Saints and is a Grade II* listed building. It is located on Ladies Walk and near the centre of the town. The spire and tower are a prominent landmark in the town.

Metropolitan Borough of Dudley
The Metropolitan Borough of Dudley is a metropolitan borough of West Midlands, England. It was created in 1974 following the Local Government Act 1972, through a merger of the existing Dudley County Borough with the municipal boroughs of Stourbridge and Halesowen.

The borough's main settlement is Dudley but it also includes the outlying towns of Brierley Hill, Halesowen, Kingswinford, Lye, Netherton, Sedgley, and Stourbridge.

The borough borders Sandwell to the east, the city of Birmingham to the south east, Bromsgrove to the south in Worcestershire, South Staffordshire District to the west, and the city of Wolverhampton to the north.
Oman Medical Journal
The Oman Medical Journal is a bimonthly open access peer-reviewed medical journal. It was established in 1984 and published by the Oman Medical Specialty Board. At the start of 2020, Oman Medical Journal transitioned from a print-publication to an electronic-only publication.

Oman Medical Specialty Board
The Oman Medical Specialty Board (OMSB) was established by the Royal Decree No. 31/2006, issued on 03 Rabai-I, 1427 H, corresponding to April 2, 2006. It is an independent body located in Muscat, Sultanate of Oman.  It is a Sponsoring Institution accredited by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education - International, that oversees the Graduate Medical Education in Oman.  OMSB formulates standards and criteria for practicing health care professions.
European Platform for Rehabilitation
The European Platform for Rehabilitation (EPR) is a network of European providers of rehabilitation services to people with disabilities and other disadvantaged groups. EPR members deliver services in the fields of vocational training and education, reintegration of service users into the open labour market and improvement of their employability, physical rehabilitation and social care.

The Platform was first established in 1993 by rehabilitation centres in France, Germany, Italy and the Netherlands. Its secretariat is located in Brussels, Belgium.

Physical medicine and rehabilitation
Physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R), also known as  physiatry, and outside the United States as physical and rehabilitation medicine (PRM), is a branch of medicine that aims to enhance and restore functional ability and quality of life to people with physical impairments or disabilities. Officially established in the United States in the mid-1900s, PM&R has played a major role in patient recovery following several major epidemics and both world wars. Common medical conditions treated by PM&R physicians include spinal cord injury, brain injury, musculoskeletal injury, stroke, pain, and spasticity from muscle, ligament, or nerve damage. PM&R physicians lead rehabilitation teams in inpatient and outpatient settings and are trained in medication management, electrodiagnosis, and targeted injections.  A physician having completed training in this field may be referred to as a physiatrist.
Virgibacillus
Virgibacillus is a genus of Gram-positive, rod-shaped (bacillus) bacteria and a member of the phylum Bacillota. Virgibacillus species can be obligate aerobes (oxygen reliant), or facultative anaerobes and catalase enzyme positive. Under stressful environmental conditions, the bacteria can produce oval or ellipsoidal endospores in terminal, or sometimes subterminal, swollen sporangia. The genus was recently reclassified from the genus Bacillus in 1998 following an analysis of the species V. pantothenticus. Subsequently, a number of new species have been discovered or reclassified as Virgibacillus species.

Obligate aerobe
An obligate aerobe is an organism that requires oxygen to grow.  Through cellular respiration, these organisms use oxygen to metabolise substances, like sugars or fats, to obtain energy. In this type of respiration, oxygen serves as the terminal electron acceptor for the electron transport chain. Aerobic respiration has the advantage of yielding more energy (adenosine triphosphate or ATP) than fermentation or anaerobic respiration, but obligate aerobes are subject to high levels of oxidative stress.
Love's Old Sweet Song
"Love's Old Sweet Song" is a Victorian parlour song published in 1884 by composer James Lynam Molloy and lyricist Graham Clifton Bingham. The first line of the chorus is "Just a song at twilight", and its title is sometimes misidentified as such. Bingham wrote the lyric of ‘Love’s Old Sweet Song’, after which various composers competed to set it to music. The successful candidate was James Molloy.

It was first sung by Antoinette Sterling at a concert at St James's Hall in London in 1884. James Molloy worked at her house on the melody and accompaniment.
The song has been recorded by many artists, including John McCormack and Clara Butt. The song is alluded to in James Joyce's Ulysses as being sung by Molly Bloom.

Arthur Sullivan was accused of using the song’s first two bars for ‘When a merry maiden marries’ in The Gondoliers; he denied it.

Molly Bloom
Molly Bloom is a fictional character in the 1922 novel Ulysses by James Joyce. The wife of main character Leopold Bloom, she roughly corresponds to Penelope in the Odyssey. The major difference between Molly and Penelope is that while Penelope is eternally faithful, Molly is not. Molly is having an affair with Hugh 'Blazes' Boylan. Molly, whose given name is Marion, was born in Gibraltar on 8 September 1870, the daughter of Major Tweedy, an Irish military officer, and Lunita Laredo, a Gibraltarian of Spanish descent. Molly and Leopold were married on 8 October 1888. She is the mother of Milly Bloom, who, at the age of 15, has left home to study photography. She is also the mother of Rudy Bloom, who died at the age of 11 days. In Dublin, Molly is an opera singer of some renown.

The final chapter of Ulysses, often called "Molly Bloom's Soliloquy", is a long and almost entirely unpunctuated passage comprising her thoughts as she lies in bed next to Leopold.
Alaa Talbi
Alaa Talbi ( Arabic: علاء الطالبي ) is a Tunisian Civil Society and human Rights activist. He was born in Kasserine, on April 4, 1978.

Alaa currently occupies the position of Chief Executive in the Tunisian Forum for Economic and Social Rights - FTDES, in which he advocates for specific issues such as social movements, women rights and empowerment, and immigrants. He is part of other international and regional organisations as a founding or board member; such as the Tunisian affiliate of the Canadian foundation Alternatives.

Civil society
Civil society can be understood as the "third sector" of society, distinct from government and business, and including the family and the private sphere. By other authors, civil society is used in the sense of
(1) the aggregate of non-governmental organizations and institutions that advance the interests and will of citizens or
(2) individuals and organizations in a society which are independent of the government.

Sometimes the term civil society is used in the more general sense of "the elements such as freedom of speech, an independent judiciary, etc., that make up a democratic society" (Collins English Dictionary). Especially in the discussions among thinkers of Eastern and Central Europe, civil society is seen also as a normative concept of civic values.
California State Student Association
The California State Student Association (CSSA), also known as the Cal State Student Association, is an "unincorporated income tax-exempt association".  CSSA is exempt from taxation under Section 501(c)(3) of the United States Internal Revenue Code and it is exempt from state franchise or income tax under California Revenue and Taxation Code Section 23701d. CSSA is registered with the California Attorney General’s Registry of Charitable Trusts.

California State University, East Bay
California State University, East Bay (Cal State East Bay, CSU East Bay, or CSUEB) is a public university in Hayward, California. The university is part of the California State University system and offers 136 undergraduate and 60 post-baccalaureate areas of study. Founded in 1957, California State University, East Bay had a student body of approximately 11,544 as of Spring 2025.  As of Fall 2024, it had 760 faculty. The university's largest and oldest college campus is located in Hayward, with additional centers in the nearby cities of Oakland and Concord.
Kaçakköy, Refahiye
Kaçakköy is a village in the Refahiye District of Erzincan Province in Turkey. Its population is 42 (2022). The hamlet of Gölcük is attached to the village.

Both Kaçakköy and Gölcük are populated by Kurds of the Şadiyan tribe.

Villages of Turkey
A village (Turkish: köy, karye in the Ottoman era) is the second smallest settlement unit in Turkey.

The 51 regular provinces of Turkey and 30 province-level metropolitan municipalities are divided into districts.

A 2013 reform converted all 16,803 villages in the metropolitan municipalities, into neighborhoods (Turkish: mahalle) of the districts.

Remaining villages are in the rural areas of the districts in regular provinces, and have about 8.7% of the country's population. Each village or neighborhood elects a muhtar. Some more populous villages have been incorporated as towns (Turkish: belde), but in the others, the muhtar is responsible for all village services.

As of 2023, there are 18,277 villages and 32,261 neighbourhoods in Turkey.
Anne-Marie Chang
Anne-Marie Chang is a researcher in the fields of sleep and circadian rhythms and is currently an associate professor of Bio-behavioral Health at Pennsylvania State University. She earned her Ph.D. in neuroscience from Northwestern University in 2003.

Her research focuses on the effects of sleep physiology and behavior, circadian rhythms, cardio-metabolic health, cognitive function and genomics. Chang's research emphasizes understanding health differences in response to sleep interruptions, such as loss of sleep. Through her research, Chang seeks to elucidate the genetic regulation, rhythm physiology, and rhythm behavior that underlies sleep and circadian rhythms in humans and mice. Her research has since expanded to include the interactions between sleep, circadian rhythms, and cardio-metabolic functions.

National Sleep Foundation
The National Sleep Foundation (NSF) is an American non-profit, charitable organization. Founded in 1990, its stated goal is to provide expert information on health-related issues concerning sleep. It is largely funded by pharmaceutical and medical device companies.
Center Island (Washington)
Center Island is one of the San Juan Islands in San Juan County, Washington, United States. It lies off the eastern shore of Lopez Island, between it and Decatur Island. Center Island has a land area of 0.713 km2 (0.275 sq mi; 176 acres). The population was officially 49 persons as of the 2000 census.

San Juan County, Washington
San Juan County is a county in the Salish Sea in the far northwestern corner of the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, its population was 17,788. The county seat and only incorporated town is Friday Harbor, on San Juan Island. The county was formed on October 31, 1873, from Whatcom County and is named for the San Juan Islands, which are in turn named for Juan Vicente de Güemes, 2nd Count of Revillagigedo, the Viceroy of New Spain.

Although the islands have no state highways, the ferry routes serving them are designated as part of the state highway system.
Samborek
Samborek [samˈbɔrɛk] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lubomino, within Lidzbark County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) south-east of Lubomino, 22 km (14 mi) west of Lidzbark Warmiński, and 34 km (21 mi) north-west of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Lidzbark Warmiński
Lidzbark Warmiński ([ˈlʲid͡zbarɡ varˈmʲiɲskʲi] ⓘ; German: Heilsberg, [ˈhaɪlsbɛʁk] ⓘ), often shortened to Lidzbark, is a historical town located within the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is the capital of Lidzbark County.

Lidzbark Warmiński was once the capital of Warmia and formerly its largest town. Lidzbark itself was a religious and cultural center, for which it was known as the Pearl of Warmia. For a long period of time it was under the control of the Warmian Bishops and it was also a major economic center, only resigning its importance to the nearby city of Braniewo.

The Warmian Bishop's Castle is considered to be a great artistic and historical value in the world and has been recognised as a Historic Monument by the Polish government.
Music of Atlanta
Atlanta has a thriving music industry and is considered to be a capital of hip-hop including crunk,  of R&B and its offshoot neo-soul, and of gospel music - in addition to a thriving indie-rock and live music scene. Classical, country and blues have historically been well represented. From the 1920s through 1950s the city was a major center for country music.

India Arie
India Arie Simpson (born October 3, 1975) is an American singer and songwriter. She rose to prominence with her debut album, Acoustic Soul (2001), which was a commercial and critical success. She has since released the albums Voyage to India (2002), Testimony: Vol. 1, Life & Relationship (2006), Songversation (2013) and Worthy (2019). Her music blends elements of R&B, soul, and neo-soul, often incorporating themes of self-empowerment, spirituality, and social consciousness.

Arie has sold over five million records in the US and 10 million worldwide, and has won four Grammy Awards from 23 nominations, including Best R&B Album. Arie is recognized for her advocacy of positive representation in music and has participated in humanitarian and wellness initiatives. She has spoken publicly about issues related to self-acceptance, race, and cultural identity.
Tera Group
The Tera Group is a geological group in the Cameros Basin and Sierra de la Demanda in Burgos, Spain. The group contains several formations whose strata date back to the Early Cretaceous. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.

Sierra de la Demanda
Sierra de la Demanda is a mountain sub-range situated in the northern Iberian Peninsula.

The Sierra de la Demanda area provides the habitat for Lissotriton helveticus punctillatus (Schmidtler 1970), a subspecies of the palmate newt.