hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vincenzo Nestler
Vincenzo Nestler (8 January 1912, in Agrigento – 14 July 1988, in Rome) was an Italian chess master.

He won twice Italian Chess Championship at Florence 1943 and Trieste 1954 (after a play-off), and was four times Sub-Champion (1937, 1953, 1956, 1959).

During World War II, Nestler took 6th at Munich 1942 (Europameisterschaft – European Individual Chess Championship, Wertungsturnier – Qualification Tournament, Gösta Danielsson won). After the war, he tied for 10-11th at Vienna 1951 (the 4th Schlechter Memorial, Moshe Czerniak won).

Nestler played twice for Italy in Chess Olympiads at Dubrovnik 1950 and Helsinki 1952, and represented Italy in friendly matches against Czechoslovakia in 1957 and Switzerland in 1958.

Chess Olympiad
The Chess Olympiad is a biennial chess tournament in which teams representing nations of the world compete. FIDE organises the tournament and selects the host nation. Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, FIDE held an Online Chess Olympiad in 2020 and 2021, with a rapid time control that affected players' online ratings.
Tariq Amin
Tariq Amin is a Pakistani hairdresser, celebrity wardrobe stylist, hair stylist and media personality. He has salons in Islamabad, Lahore and Karachi.

Amin graduated with a business degree from the College of Boca Raton, Florida in 1983. His work has also been shown in Vogue. He has done the makeup for music videos by Ali Azmat and Abbas Ali Khan among others, as well as appeared in the video for "Channo" by Ali Zafar. Amin has also featured in Adil Omar's "Paki Rambo" music video.

In 2011, Amin was in charge of heading Islamabad's first fashion week and launched 'T With T, his own reality show.

Lynn University
Lynn University is a private university in Boca Raton, Florida, United States. Founded in 1962, the university awards associate, baccalaureate, master's, and doctoral degrees. It is named for the Lynn family (Christine E. and Eugene M. Lynn). It has a total undergraduate enrollment of 3,520.
Thrinacodus
Thrinacodus is an extinct genus of basal elasmobranch, found worldwide from the Late Devonian-Lower Carboniferous. The type species is Thrinacodus nanus. Most species are only known from their tricuspid teeth. T. gracia, originally placed in the separate genus Thrinacoselache from the Serpukhovian-aged Bear Gulch Limestone, of what is now Montana, is known from full body impressions, showing a long, slender eel-like body up to a metre in length, with an elongate rostrum. Stomach contents of T. gracia include remains of crustaceans and small chondrichthyan fish (Harpagofututor and Falcatus). It is a member of the Phoebodontiformes.

Chondrichthyes
Chondrichthyes (/kɒnˈdrɪkθiiːz/; from Ancient Greek  χόνδρος (khóndros) 'cartilage' and  ἰχθύς (ikhthús) 'fish') is a class of jawed fish that contains the cartilaginous fish or chondrichthyans, which all have skeletons primarily composed of cartilage. They can be contrasted with the Osteichthyes or bony fish, which have skeletons primarily composed of bone tissue. Chondrichthyes are aquatic vertebrates with paired fins, paired nares, placoid scales, conus arteriosus in the heart, and a lack of opercula and swim bladders. Within the infraphylum Gnathostomata, cartilaginous fishes are distinct from all other jawed vertebrates.

The class is divided into two subclasses: Elasmobranchii (sharks, rays, skates and sawfish) and Holocephali (chimaeras, sometimes called ghost sharks, which are sometimes separated into their own class).  Extant chondrichthyans range in size from the 10 cm (3.9 in) finless sleeper ray to the over 10 m (33 ft) whale shark.
Brice Parain
Brice Parain (10 March 1897 – 20 March 1971) was a French philosopher and essayist.

He appeared as himself in Jean-Luc Godard's 1962 film Vivre sa vie. In Éric Rohmer's film My Night at Maud's (1969), conversations about Pascal's Wager are directly inspired by a similar debate between Parain and Dominique Dubarle in an episode of the television series En profil dans le texte called l'Entretien sur Pascal ("The Interview on Pascal") in 1965, also produced by Rohmer.

Encyclopédie de la Pléiade
The Pléiade encyclopedia (fr:Encyclopédie de la Pléiade) is a collection of Éditions Gallimard, publishing encyclopedic-type scientific texts on major fields of knowledge. It is part of the Bibliothèque de la Pléiade, of which it takes the format and aesthetics of the books, with stars on the back.

The publication extended from 1956 to 1991. The creation of this collection was entrusted to Raymond Queneau. Some of the volumes have been reprinted in the Folio Essais collection.
Coverham Abbey
Coverham Abbey, North Yorkshire, England, was a Premonstratensian monastery that was founded at Swainby in 1190 by Helewisia, daughter of the Chief Justiciar Ranulf de Glanville. It was refounded at Coverham in about 1212 by her son Ranulf fitzRalph, who had the body of his late mother reinterred in the chapter house at Coverham.

There is some evidence that the during the first half of the 14th century the abbey and its holdings were attacked by the Scots, with the abbey itself being virtually destroyed. Later in that century there is a record of there being fifteen canons plus the abbot in residence.

The abbey ruins are a Scheduled Ancient Monument and a Grade I listed building.

Chapter house
A chapter house or chapterhouse is a building or room that is part of a cathedral, monastery or collegiate church in which meetings are held. When attached to a cathedral, the cathedral chapter meets there.  In monasteries, the whole community often met there daily for readings and to hear the abbot or senior monks talk. When attached to a collegiate church, the dean, prebendaries and canons of the college meet there. The rooms may also be used for other meetings of various sorts; in medieval times monarchs on tour in their territory would often take them over for their meetings and audiences. Synods, ecclesiastical courts and similar meetings often took place in chapter houses.
Les Chapple
Leslie Richard Chapple (9 November 1898 – 23 January 1982) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Footscray in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Chapple was already 27 when he began his Footscray career, having previously played for Eaglehawk in the Bendigo Football League, before moving to Melbourne for work reasons. He was one of three Footscray players to appear in all 18 games of the 1926 VFL season and was their joint leading goal-kicker with 42 goals, sharing the honours with Allan Hopkins. A representative of the Victoria "B" side on two occasions, Chapple was the leading goal-kicker outright in 1927, kicking 32 goals. He was cleared to Yarraville in 1928.

Eaglehawk Football Club
The Eaglehawk Football Netball Club is an Australian rules football and netball club based in the town of Eaglehawk, Victoria and Eaglehawk teams currently compete in the Bendigo Football Netball League (BFNL).
Walter Warlimont
Walter Warlimont (WAH-li-moh; 3 October 1894 – 9 October 1976) was a German Army staff officer and general during World War II. He served as deputy chief of the Operations Staff, one of the departments in the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (OKW), the Armed Forces High Command. Following the war, Warlimont was convicted in the High Command Trial and sentenced to life imprisonment as a war criminal. He was released in 1954.

General of the branch
A general of the branch, general of the branch of service or general of the ... (where instead of the ellipsis an appropriate name of the military branch is being put) is a three or four-star general officer rank in some armies. Several nations divide — or used to divide — their senior general officer ranks by the branch of troops they are qualified to command, or simply as an honorific title.
Ma'arif al-Quran
Ma'arif al-Quran (Urdu: معارف القرآن) is an eight-volume tafsir of the Quran by Pakistani scholar Muhammad Shafi, primarily written in Urdu. Methodologically, it draws from Ashraf Ali Thanwi's Bayan al-Quran.

Muhammad Shafi
Muhammad Shafi (24 January 1897 – 6 October 1976), often referred to as Mufti Muhammad Shafi, was a Pakistani Sunni Islamic scholar of the Deobandi school, a Hanafi jurist and mufti, he was also an authority on shari'ah, hadith, Qur'anic exegesis, and Sufism. Born in Deoband, British India, he graduated in 1917 from Darul Uloom Deoband, where he later taught hadith and held the post of Head mufti. He resigned in 1943 to devote his time to the Pakistan Movement. After the independence he moved to Pakistan, where he established Darul Uloom Karachi in 1951. Of his written works, his best-known is Ma'ariful Qur'an, an Urdu commentary on the Qur'an.
Churchman (surname)
Churchman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arthur Churchman, 1st Baron Woodbridge (1867–1949), British tobacco manufacturer, soldier and politician

Charles West Churchman (1913–2004), American philosopher

David Churchman (born 1938), a California State University professor

Leidy Churchman (born 1979), American painter

Ricky Churchman (born 1958), American football player

William Churchman (1863–1947), an English tobacco manufacturer

Ysanne Churchman (1925–2024), British actress

Ricky Churchman
Richard Cecil Churchman (born March 14, 1958) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive back for two seasons with the San Francisco 49ers of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Texas Longhorns
Voivodeship road 106
Voivodeship Road 106 (Polish: Droga wojewódzka nr 106, abbreviated DW 106) is a route in the Polish voivodeship roads network. The road is 108 km in length and runs through 4 powiats: Kamień County (Gmina Kamień Pomorski and Gmina Golczewo), Goleniów County (Gmina Nowogard and Gmina Maszewo), Stargard County (Gmina Stargard Szczeciński and the city Stargard Szczeciński) and Pyrzyce County (Gmina Warnice and Gmina Pyrzyce).

Pyrzyce County
Pyrzyce County (Polish: powiat pyrzycki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Pyrzyce, which lies 38 kilometres (24 mi) south-east of the regional capital Szczecin. The only other town in the county is Lipiany, lying 16 km (10 mi) south of Pyrzyce.

The county covers an area of 725.71 square kilometres (280.2 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 39,931, out of which the population of Pyrzyce is 12,642, that of Lipiany is 4,124, and the rural population is 23,165.
Gilang Ramadhan
Gilang Ramadhan (born 10 February 1995) is an Indonesian beach volleyball player from Bandar Lampung. Ramadhan was a gold medalist at the 2016 Pekan Olahraga Nasional held in Bandung, West Java, partnered with Ade Candra Rachmawan. He and Rachmawan also competed at the 2016 Asian Beach Games in Da Nang, Vietnam, finish in the fourth position after lost to Kazakhstani duo in the bronze medal match. In 2018, Ramadhan alongside Danangsyah Pribadi won a bronze medal at the 2018 Asian Games in Palembang, Indonesia.

2016 Pekan Olahraga Nasional
2016 Pekan Olahraga Nasional is the nineteenth edition of Pekan Olahraga Nasional. It was held in Bandung, West Java in 2016. It was the first time for Indonesia's third largest city of Bandung to host the games in more than forty years. Bandung hosted the fifth edition of Pekan Olahraga Nasional in 1961.
Olivetans
The Olivetans, formally known as the Order of Our Lady of Mount Olivet, are a monastic order. They were founded in 1313 and recognised in 1344. They use the Rule of Saint Benedict and are a member of the Benedictine Confederation, where they are also known as the Olivetan Congregation, but are distinguished from the Benedictines in their white habit and centralized organisation. They use the post-nominals 'OSB Oliv'.

Monasticism
Monasticism (from Ancient Greek  μοναχός (monakhós) 'solitary, monastic'; from  μόνος (mónos) 'alone'), also called monachism or monkhood, is a religious way of life in which one renounces worldly pursuits to devote oneself fully to spiritual activities. Monastic life plays an important role in many Christian churches, especially in the Catholic, Orthodox and Anglican traditions as well as in other faiths such as Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism. In other religions, monasticism is generally criticized and not practiced, as in Islam and Zoroastrianism; or plays a marginal role, as in modern Judaism.

Many monastics live in abbeys, convents, monasteries, or priories to separate themselves from the secular world, unless they are in mendicant or missionary orders.
Now & Then Books
Now & Then Books was a comic shop in Kitchener, Ontario, Canada. Founded by Harry Kremer and Bill Johnson, it was one of the earliest comic shops to operate in North America, and employed Dave Sim before he began his comic book series Cerebus.  The Harry Kremer Retailer Award at the Joe Shuster Awards was named in honour of co-founder Harry Kremer, who died in 2002.

Kitchener, Ontario
Kitchener is a city in the Canadian province of Ontario, about 100 km (62 mi) west of Toronto. It is one of three cities that make up the Regional Municipality of Waterloo and is the regional seat. Kitchener was known as Berlin until a 1916 referendum changed its name. The city covers an area of 136.86 km2, and had a population of 256,885 at the time of the 2021 Canadian census.

The Regional Municipality of Waterloo has 673,910 people as of year-end 2023, making it the 10th-largest census metropolitan area (CMA) in Canada and the fourth-largest CMA in Ontario. Kitchener and Waterloo are considered "twin cities", which are often referred to jointly as "Kitchener–Waterloo" (K–W), although they have separate municipal governments.
Broadview VanLeer Mansion
Broadview Mansion (a.k.a. The Van Leer Mansion), is a twenty-two room Edwardian style mansion located in Normal, Illinois, near Illinois Wesleyan University. The three-story estate, originally situated on five acres of land, was built in 1906 for Bird Calladay and Margaret VanLeer.  The mansion was formerly known as the VanLeer mansion. It is currently owned and operated by the Immanuel Bible Foundation.

Normal, Illinois
Normal is a town in McLean County, Illinois, United States. The population was 52,736 at the 2020 census. Normal is the smaller of two principal cities of the Bloomington–Normal metropolitan area, and is Illinois's seventh most populous community outside the Chicago metropolitan area. It is home to Illinois State University and Heartland Community College.

Founded in 1865, it was renamed Normal in 1867, because the university when it began was focused on educating teachers (a normal institute), Illinois State Normal University. Chris Koos has been the mayor of Normal since 2003.
Tokeneke, Connecticut
Tokeneke is a census-designated place (CDP) in the town of Darien, Connecticut, United States. It comprises the southeastern part of the town, occupying several peninsulas and islands that extend into Long Island Sound, between the Goodwives River and Noroton to the west and the Fivemile River to the east. It is bordered to the north by Darien Downtown and to the east by the city of Norwalk.

Tokeneke was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census. As of the 2020 Census, Tokeneke has a population of 2,794.

Long Island Sound
Long Island Sound is a marine sound and tidal estuary of the Atlantic Ocean. It lies predominantly between the U.S. state of Connecticut to the north and Long Island in New York state to the south. From west to east, the sound stretches 110 mi (180 km) from the East River and the Throgs Neck Bridge in New York City, along the North Shore of Long Island, to Block Island Sound. The sound forms part of the Intracoastal Waterway.

A mix of freshwater from tributaries, and saltwater from the Atlantic Ocean, Long Island Sound is 21 miles (34 km) at its widest point and varies in depth from 65 to 230 feet (20 to 70 m).
Collège Jeanne-Sauvé
Collège Jeanne-Sauvé, also commonly referred to as CJS, is a French-immersion high school in Winnipeg Manitoba, Canada, and the first French-immersion high school in western Canada.

Situated in the southern St. Vital area of Winnipeg, Manitoba, it is part of the Louis Riel School Division. The high school runs from grades 9 to 12, and is named in honor of the former governor-general of Canada, Jeanne Sauvé.

Governor-general
Governor-general (plural governors-general), or governor general (plural governors general), is the title of an official, most prominently associated with the British Empire and the Commonwealth. In the context of the governors-general and former British colonies, governors-general continue to be appointed as viceroy to represent the monarch of a personal union in any sovereign state over which the monarch does not normally reign in person (non-UK Commonwealth realm). In the British Empire, governors-general were appointed on the advice of the government of the United Kingdom and were often British aristocracy, but in the mid-twentieth century they began to be appointed on the advice of the independent government of each realm and were citizens of each independent state.

Governors-general have also previously been appointed in respect of major colonial states or other territories held by either a monarchy or republic, such as Japan, Korea, Taiwan and France in Indochina.
Plant Memorial
The Plant Memorial, a 50-foot granite obelisk, was erected in 1923 at the Yangtze Three Gorges to perpetuate the name of Samuel Cornell Plant.  He was the first Upper Yangtze River Inspector of Chinese Maritime Customs Service, the first to command a merchant steamer plying on the Upper Yangtze River (1900), and the first to command regular Upper Yangtze commercial steamship service for the Chinese firm, Sichuan Steam Navigation Company.  The monument was originally located at Big Temple Hill in Xintan (now called Qu-Yuan Township).  Because it was located within a flooding area related to the Three Gorges Dam Project and considered an important historical landmark for Three Gorges shipping history, the monument was moved to higher ground and restored between June 28, 2002 and January 18, 2003. This project was funded by Zigui County Office of Immigration and managed by Qu-Yuan Township Government.

Three Gorges
The Three Gorges (simplified Chinese: 三峡; traditional Chinese: 三峽; pinyin: Sānxiáⓘ) are three adjacent and sequential gorges along the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, in the hinterland of the People's Republic of China, known for their scenery.

The Three Gorges—comprising the Qutang, followed by the Wu, and finally the Xiling gorges—span 193 miles (311 km), beginning at Baidicheng of Chongqing in the west and ending at Nanjing Pass at Yichang City, Hubei Province in the east, between which are the Fengjie and Wushan counties of Chongqing, as well as Badong and Zigui counties of Hubei Province.
Luyanó
Luyanó is a consejo popular (i.e. "popular council or ward") and a Section of populated place within the municipality of Diez de Octubre, Havana, Cuba. Notable people from Luyanó include artist Rosa Estebanez.

Consejo popular
In Cuba, a consejo popular (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkonsexo populaɾ]; lit. 'popular council'  or 'people's council'; sometimes shortened to CP) is an electoral ward or political-administrative demarcation of the National Assembly of People's Power of Cuba.

They were created in 1988. 474 wards had been created as of 2023, with them changing frequently. They function as subdivisions, under municipalities.

Under the wards are districts. All wards have at least 5 districts, with urban areas having more and rural areas having less.

Most rural wards include 1 major town or village (usually with a population of 700-3,000 at least) with a few hamlets, while urban areas (usually municipal seat) are usually split into wards, named for the city with a I, II and sometimes III, and IV and so forth appended. Sometimes when only two wards are present in a city, they are split into "Norte" (or north) and "Sur" (or south).
Ipswich Heaths
Ipswich Heaths is a 39.4-hectare (97-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest in Ipswich in Suffolk.

The site consists of two separate areas in Martlesham Heath and Purdis Heath. They contain heather heath and acid grassland, with clumps of bracken and gorse. This mosaic of habitats is valuable for butterflies. such as the silver-studded blue, common blue and small heath.

Footpaths cross the heaths.

Pteridium aquilinum
Pteridium aquilinum, commonly called bracken, brake, pasture brake, common bracken, and also known as eagle fern, is a species of fern occurring in temperate and subtropical regions in both hemispheres. Originally native to Eurasia and North America, the extreme lightness of its spores has led to it achieving a cosmopolitan distribution.
Gestalt prayer
The Gestalt prayer is a 56-word statement by psychotherapist Fritz Perls that is taken as a classic expression of Gestalt therapy as a way of life model of which Perls was a founder.

The key idea of the statement is Gestalt practice: the focus on living in response to one's own needs, without projecting onto or taking introjects from others. It also expresses the idea that it is by fulfilling their own needs that people can help others do the same and create space for genuine contact.

Introjection
In psychology, introjection (often mistakenly considered a substitute for the terms identification or internalization) is the unconscious adoption of the thoughts, memories or personality traits of others. It occurs as a normal part of development, such as a child taking on parental values and attitudes. It can also be a defense mechanism in situations that arouse anxiety.
It has been associated with both normal and pathological development. In sociology and other social sciences, internalization (or internalisation) means an individual's acceptance of a set of norms and values (established by others) through socialisation.
Zambian Defence Force
The Zambian Defence Force is the military of Zambia. It consists of the Zambian Army, the Zambian Air Force, and the Zambia National Service. The defence forces were formed at Zambian independence on 24 October 1964, from constituent units of the dissolved Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland Armed Forces. During the 1970s and 1980s, it played a key role in a number of regional conflicts, namely the South African Border War and Rhodesian Bush War. Being a landlocked country Zambia has no navy, although the Zambian Army maintains a maritime patrol unit for maintaining security on inland bodies of water.

Adamson Mushala
Adamson Bratson Musanda Mushala (1935–27 November 1982) was a Zambian insurgent who led a resistance movement against the one-party government of President Kenneth Kaunda from 1975 until his death in 1982, when he was killed by officers of the Zambian Army.
Choe Dooseok
Choe Dooseok (Korean: 최두석, 1956 - ) is a Korean poet. Since his debut in 1980, he has continued to write poems that combine facticity with lyricism. His poems are considered compassionate toward objects, and at the same time, equipped with keen insight into reality. He argued for narrative poetics from a realist perspective.

Lyricism
Lyricism is a term used to describe a piece of art considered to have deep emotions. Its origin is found in the word lyric, derived via Latin lyricus from the Greek λυρικός (lurikós), the adjectival form of lyre. It is often employed to relate to the capability of a lyricist.