hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Juliet Fraser
Juliet Fraser is a British soprano, based in London and specialising in contemporary classical music. She has commissioned more than 20 solo vocal works and premiered several hundred new works, many written for her. Fraser is the artistic director of eavesdropping, an experimental music festival in East London, and co-director of all that dust, the record label she founded in 2018 with Mark Knoop and Newton Armstrong. She was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Music by the University of Southampton in 2023.

Carlo Gesualdo
Carlo Gesualdo da Venosa (between 8 March 1566 and 30 March 1566 – 8 September 1613) was an Italian nobleman and composer. Though both the Prince of Venosa and Count of Conza, he is better known for writing madrigals and pieces of sacred music that use a chromatic language not heard again until the late 19th century. He is also known for killing his first wife and her aristocratic lover upon finding them in flagrante delicto.
Gaviota State Park
Gaviota State Park is a state park of California, United States.  It is located in southern Santa Barbara County, California, about 33 miles (53 km) west of the city of Santa Barbara. One of three state parks along the Gaviota Coast, it extends from the Pacific coast to the crest of the Santa Ynez Mountains, and is adjacent to Los Padres National Forest. The 2,787-acre (1,128 ha) park was established in 1953.

Santa Barbara County, California
Santa Barbara County, officially the County of Santa Barbara (Spanish: Condado de Santa Bárbara), is a county located in Southern California. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 448,229. The county seat is Santa Barbara, and the largest city is Santa Maria.

Santa Barbara County comprises the Santa Maria-Santa Barbara, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area. Most of the county is part of the California Central Coast. Mainstays of the county's economy include engineering, resource extraction (particularly petroleum extraction and diatomaceous earth mining), winemaking, agriculture, and education. The software development and tourism industries are important employers in the southern part of the county.
Roflumilast
Roflumilast, sold under the brand name Daxas among others, is a medication used for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, plaque psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis, and atopic dermatitis. It acts as a selective, long-acting inhibitor of the enzyme phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE-4). It has anti-inflammatory effects.

It was approved for medical use in the European Union in 2010, in the United States in 2011, and in Canada in 2017. It is available as a generic medication.

Anti-inflammatory
Anti-inflammatory refers to any drug, substance or mechanism that reduces inflammation by lessening the redness, swelling, fever, or pain and loss of function which are part of bodies inflammatory response. Anti-inflammatory drugs are agents that inhibit action or production of inflammatory mediators such as cytokines, histamines and prostaglandins. These drugs reduce pain by inhibiting mechanisms of inflammation, as opposed to opioids, which affect the central nervous system to block pain.

Common anti-inflammatory drugs include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, antileukotrienes, and monoclonal antibodies.
Stare Kichary
Stare Kichary [ˈstarɛ kiˈxarɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dwikozy, within Sandomierz County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) north-west of Dwikozy, 9 km (6 mi) north of Sandomierz, and 81 km (50 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce.

Sandomierz
Sandomierz (pronounced: [sanˈdɔmjɛʂ] ⓘ; Latin: Sandomiria, Yiddish: צויזמר, צוזמיר, romanized: Tsouzmer, Tsoyzmer) is a historic town in south-eastern Poland with 23,863 inhabitants (as of 2017), situated on the Vistula River near its confluence with the San, in the Sandomierz Basin. It is the capital of Sandomierz County within the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. Sandomierz is known for its preserved Old Town, a major cultural and tourist attraction which the President of Poland declared a National Monument of Poland in 2017.

In the past, Sandomierz was one of the most important urban centers not only of Lesser Poland, but also of the whole country. It was a royal city of the Polish Crown and functioned as a regional administrative centre from the High Middle Ages to the 19th century.
Llef
Llef (in English "A Cry") is a popular Welsh hymn, written by David Charles (1803-1880) (son of David Charles (1762–1834)). The tune was composed in 1890 by Griffith Hugh Jones (Bardic name Gutyn Arfon) (1849–1919) and was written in memory of his brother Dewi.

The meter is 8-8-8-8, and it is played in the keys of D minor and E minor. English texts also commonly sung to the tune include "Bow Down Thine Ear, O Lord, and Hear", "Glorying in the Cross of Christ" and "The Day of Wrath".

The hymn was included in the soundtrack for the 1941 John Ford drama film How Green Was My Valley.

Bardic name
A bardic name (Welsh: enw barddol, Cornish: hanow bardhek, Breton: anv ur barzh) is a pseudonym used by poets and other artists in the Brythonic cultures of Wales, Cornwall and Brittany.

In Wales, it is also associated with the National Eisteddfod, with new members of the Gorsedd assuming a bardic name when being admitted.
Dimethylglycine N-methyltransferase
Dimethylglycine N-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.161, BsmB, DMT) is an enzyme with systematic name S-adenosyl-L-methionine:N,N-dimethylglycine N-methyltransferase (betaine-forming). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N,N-dimethylglycine  S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + betaine

This enzyme is purified from the marine cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. WH8102.

Dimethylglycine
Dimethylglycine (DMG) is a derivative of the amino acid glycine with the structural formula (CH3)2NCH2COOH. It can be found in beans and liver, and has a sweet taste. It can be formed from trimethylglycine upon the loss of one of its methyl groups.  It is also a byproduct of the metabolism of choline.

When DMG was first discovered, it was referred to as Vitamin B16, but, unlike true B vitamins, deficiency of DMG in the diet does not lead to any ill-effects and it is synthesized by the human body in the citric acid cycle meaning it does not meet the definition of a vitamin.
1938 New Zealand general election
The 1938 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliament's 26th term. It resulted in the governing Labour Party being re-elected in a landslide, winning nearly 56% of the vote despite not gaining any more seats. Having replaced the United-Reform coalition, the newly founded National Party also gained a certain amount of ground.

This was the first election in which the Māori were given a secret ballot which had been available to white voters since 1870.

Eruera Tirikātene
Sir Eruera Tihema Te Āika Tirikātene KCMG (5 January 1895 – 11 January 1967) was a New Zealand Māori politician of Ngāi Tahu descent. Known in early life as Edward James Te Āika Tregerthen, he was the first Rātana Member of Parliament and was elected in a by-election for Southern Maori in June 1932 after the death of Tuiti Makitānara.

He remained the MP until his death in 1967, when his daughter Whetu Tirikatene-Sullivan succeeded to the seat, also in a by-election.
Maize weevil
The maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais), known in the United States as the greater rice weevil, is a species of beetle in the family Curculionidae. It can be found in numerous tropical areas around the world, and in the United States, and is a major pest of maize. This species attacks both standing crops and stored cereal products, including wheat, rice, sorghum, oats, barley, rye, buckwheat, peas, and cottonseed. The maize weevil also infests other types of stored, processed cereal products such as pasta, cassava, and various coarse, milled grains. It has even been known to attack fruit while in storage, such as apples.

Cottonseed
Cottonseed is the seed of the cotton plant, formed inside the cotton boll. Cottonseed is the source of cottonseed oil and cottonseed meal. Cottonseed, like the rest of the cotton plant, contains high amounts of gossypol that can be toxic to humans. Cottonseed has been historically used as an ersatz protein-rich food in cotton-producing regions, but the modern biofortification of cotton cultivars with tolerable gossypol levels has particular relevance to impoverished cotton producers.
Bokkeveld Group
The Bokkeveld Group is the second of the three main subdivisions of the Cape Supergroup in South Africa. It overlies the Table Mountain Group and underlies the Witteberg Group. The Bokkeveld Group rocks are considered to range between Lower Devonian (Lochkovian) to Middle Devonian (Givetian) in age.

Depositional environment
In geology, depositional environment or sedimentary environment describes the combination of physical, chemical, and biological processes associated with the deposition of a particular type of sediment and, therefore, the rock types that will be formed after lithification, if the sediment is preserved in the rock record. In most cases, the environments associated with particular rock types or associations of rock types can be matched to existing analogues. However, the further back in geological time sediments were deposited, the more likely that direct modern analogues are not available (e.g. banded iron formations).
Machame
Machame or Kingdom of Machame (Isarile ya Mashame in Kichagga; Ufalme wa Machame in Swahili) was a historic sovereign Chagga state located in modern day Machame Kaskazini ward in Hai District of Kilimanjaro Region in Tanzania. Historically, the Machame kingdom was in 1889 referred by Hans Meyer as a great African giant, the kingdom was also the largest and most populous of all the Chagga sovereign states on Kilimanjaro, whose most powerful ruler Mangi Rengua as early as 1849 was reckoned as a giant African king with influence extending throughout all Chagga states except Rombo.

Machame Kaskazini
Machame Kaskazini is an administrative ward in Hai District of Kilimanjaro Region in Tanzania. The ward covers an area of 57.9 km2 (22.4 sq mi), and has an average elevation of 1,388 m (4,554 ft). According to the 2012 census, the ward has a total population of 23,334.
Abraham Serving the Three Angels
Abraham Serving the Three Angels is a 1646 oil-on-panel painting by Rembrandt. The scene depicts Abraham, it is based on an episode from the Book of Genesis (18:1–12) and it has Mughal influence. Today it is in a private collection since it was bought in an auction in 1848 for £64 (equivalent to $8,000 in 2023). Before that its owners were Ferdinand Bol, a student of Rembrandt, the Dutch art collector and Mayor of Amsterdam, Jan Six as well as Benjamin West, an American artist.

In 2021, the painting was put up for sale by its current owner, Mark Fisch (the Metropolitan Museum trustee).

Benjamin West
Benjamin West PRA (October 10, 1738 – March 11, 1820) was an American-born painter who specialised in history painting, creating such works as The Death of Nelson, The Death of General Wolfe, the Treaty of Paris, and Benjamin Franklin Drawing Electricity from the Sky.

Entirely self-taught, West soon gained valuable patronage and toured Europe, eventually settling in London. He impressed King George III and was largely responsible for the launch of the Royal Academy, of which he became the second president (after Sir Joshua Reynolds). He was appointed historical painter to the court and Surveyor of the King's Pictures.

West also painted religious subjects, as in his huge work The Preservation of St Paul after a Shipwreck at Malta, at the Chapel of St Peter and St Paul at the Old Royal Naval College in Greenwich, and Christ Healing the Sick, presented to the National Gallery.
Jones Sound
Jones Sound is a waterway in Qikiqtaaluk, Nunavut, Canada. It lies between Devon Island and the southern end of Ellesmere Island. At its northwestern end it is linked by several channels to Norwegian Bay; at its eastern end it opens via Glacier Strait into Baffin Bay. The hamlet of Grise Fiord was established on the south shore Ellesmere Island in 1953, partly to assert Canadian sovereignty in the high Arctic.

The first known European to sight the sound was the English explorer William Baffin in 1616 who named it after one of his patrons. The next European to pass it was John Ross in 1818.

Devon Island
Devon Island (Inuktitut: ᑕᓪᓗᕈᑎᑦ, Tallurutit) is an island in Canada and the largest uninhabited island (no permanent human residents) in the world. It is located in Baffin Bay, Qikiqtaaluk Region, Nunavut, Canada. It is one of the largest members of the Arctic Archipelago, the second-largest of the Queen Elizabeth Islands, Canada's sixth-largest island, and the 27th-largest island in the world. It has an area of 55,247 km2 (21,331 sq mi) (slightly smaller than Croatia). The bedrock is Precambrian gneiss and Paleozoic siltstones and shales. The highest point is the Devon Ice Cap at 1,920 m (6,300 ft) which is part of the Arctic Cordillera. Devon Island contains several small mountain ranges, such as the Treuter Mountains, Haddington Range, and Cunningham Mountains, as well as the Haughton impact crater. The notable similarity of its surface to that of Mars has attracted interest from scientists.
U.S. Route 5
U.S. Route 5 (US 5) is a north–south United States Numbered Highway running through the New England states of Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Vermont. Significant cities along the route include New Haven, Connecticut; Hartford, Connecticut; and Springfield, Massachusetts. From Hartford northward to St. Johnsbury, Vermont, the road closely follows the route of the Connecticut River.

The entire route of US 5 is closely paralleled by Interstate 91 (I-91). US 5 now serves as the local business route and alternate route for the Interstate Highway. The northern terminus of US 5 is in Derby Line, Vermont, at the Canada–United States border, where it continues past the Derby Line–Stanstead Border Crossing into Quebec as Route 143, which was Route 5 until renumbered in the mid-1970s. Its southern terminus is in New Haven, Connecticut, at an intersection with I-91.

Derby Line–Stanstead Border Crossing
The Derby Line–Stanstead Border Crossing is a border crossing station on the Canada–United States border, connecting the towns of Stanstead, Quebec and Derby Line, Vermont. It connects Main Street (U.S. Route 5) in Derby Line with Quebec Route 143 in Stanstead. It is one of two local crossings between the two towns (the other is the Beebe Plain–Beebe Border Crossing), which historically had many more. This was a major crossing point until the construction of Interstate 91 (I-91) and the Derby Line–Rock Island Border Crossing in 1965. The historic 1930s United States station facilities were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2014. Both stations are open 24 hours per day.
Margarita Valdez Martínez
Margarita Valdez Martínez (born 31 July 1955) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the National Regeneration Movement (Morena). She studied medicine at the Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango.

She was elected to the Senate for the state of Durango in the 2018 general election and served during the 
64th and 65th Congresses.

Valdez Martínez won re-election as one of Durango's senators in the 2024 Senate election, occupying the second place on the Sigamos Haciendo Historia coalition's two-name formula.

Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango
The Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango (Juarez University of the State of Durango, or UJED) is a public research university in the state of Durango, Mexico. Founded in 1856 as a small state college, the university underwent a series of expansions over the course of the 19th and 20th centuries, emerging as a full-scale public research institute in the 1970s with the addition of a medical school and an institute of scientific research. Today the university is one of the largest in the state of Durango, with an enrollment of over 14,000 students.
Scaphura
Scaphura is a Neotropical genus of bush crickets in the subfamily Phaneropterinae. Some of the species within Scaphura are Batesian mimics of wasps, for example the type species, Scaphura nigra, is a polymorphic Batesian mimic of wasps of the genus Pepsis and Entypus (Pompilidae) and the potter wasps Polistes (Vespidae). The genus is restricted to South America. Another genus of Neotropical phaneropterine bush crickets, Aganacris, also are Batesian mimics of wasps.

Polistes
Polistes is a cosmopolitan genus of paper wasps and the only genus in the tribe Polistini. Vernacular names for the genus include umbrella wasps, coined by Walter Ebeling in 1975 to distinguish it from other types of paper wasp, in reference to the form of their nests, and umbrella paper wasps. Polistes is the single largest genus within the family Vespidae, with over 200 recognized species. Their innate preferences for nest-building sites leads them to commonly build nests on human habitation, where they can be very unwelcome; although generally not aggressive, they can be provoked into defending their nests. All species are predatory, and they may consume large numbers of caterpillars, in which respect they are generally considered beneficial.
Mauro Mongiardo
Mauro Mongiardo is an electrical engineer at the University of Perugia, Italy. He was named a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2013 for his contributions to the modal analysis of complex electromagnetic structures.

University of Perugia
The University of Perugia (Italian Università degli Studi di Perugia) is a public university in Perugia, Italy. It was founded in 1308, as attested by the Bull issued by Pope Clement V certifying the birth of the Studium Generale.

The official seal of the university depicts Saint Herculan, one of the patron saints, and the rampant crowned griffin, which is the city symbol; they represent the ecclesiastical and civil powers, respectively, which gave rise to the university in the Middle Ages.
Commercialization of love
The commercialization of love refers to the process of turning romantic relationships and expressions of love into marketable commodities. Overall, commercialization encourages people to express their feelings through purchased goods (gifts such as flowers, chocolates, and jewelry) and services, often driven by social norms and marketing strategies.

Service (economics)
A service is an act or use for which a consumer, company, or government is willing to pay. Examples include work done by barbers, doctors, lawyers, accountants, mechanics, banks, finance, insurance companies, and so on. Public services are those that society (nation state, fiscal union or region) as a whole pays for, such as hospitals,  elementary schools, or libraries. Using resources, skill, ingenuity, and experience, service providers give benefit to service consumers. Services may be defined as intangible acts or performances whereby the service provider provides value to the customer.
ConnectU
ConnectU (originally HarvardConnection) was a        social networking website launched on May 21, 2004, that was founded by Harvard students Cameron Winklevoss, Tyler Winklevoss, and Divya Narendra in December 2002. Users could add people as friends, send them messages, and update their personal profiles to notify friends about themselves. Users were placed in networks based upon the domain name associated with the email address they used for registration.

Programmer
A programmer, computer programmer or coder is an author of computer source code – someone with skill in computer programming.
The professional titles software developer and software engineer may be used for jobs that require a programmer.
Rowing at the 1952 Summer Olympics – Men's coxed pair
The men's coxed pair competition at the 1952 Summer Olympics took place at Meilahti, Finland. It was held from 20 to 23 July. There were 15 boats (45 competitors) from 15 nations, with each nation limited to a single boat in the event. The event was won by French team Raymond Salles, Gaston Mercier, and coxswain Bernard Malivoire; it was the nation's first victory in the event (though a French boy had been the cox for a mixed team that won gold in 1900). Germany, which had won the event in 1936 but had been excluded from the 1948 Games after World War II, took silver (Heinz Manchen, Helmut Heinhold, and cox Helmut Noll). Sweden, the defending champions, had an all-new crew of Svend Ove Pedersen, Poul Svendsen, and cox Jørgen Frantzen; they took bronze.

Helmut Noll
Helmut Noll (27 June 1934 – 27 November 2018) was a German rower who competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics.  In 1952, he was the coxswain of the German boat which won the silver medal in the coxed pairs event.
Sündüz Keleş
Sündüz Keleş is a Turkish-American statistician specializing in statistical methods in genomics. She is a professor of statistics and of biostatistics and medical informatics at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. Her research has included the development of the FreeHi-C system for generating synthetic Hi-C (all-versus-all chromosome conformation capture) data.

Keleş studied industrial engineering at Bilkent University, but became interested in statistics after working there on a project involving survival analysis. She then moved to the University of California, Berkeley for graduate study, working with Mark van der Laan on biostatistics. She completed her Ph.D. there in 2003, and took her faculty position at Wisconsin after completing her doctorate, with a delay of a year to do postdoctoral research on microarray analysis techniques with van der Laan and Sandrine Dudoit.

Keleş was elected as a Fellow of the American Statistical Association in 2023.

Mark van der Laan
Mark Johannes van der Laan is the Jiann-Ping Hsu/Karl E. Peace Professor of Biostatistics and Statistics at the University of California, Berkeley. He has made contributions to survival analysis, semiparametric statistics, multiple testing, and causal inference. He also developed the targeted maximum likelihood estimation methodology. He is a founding editor of the Journal of Causal Inference.
Kholbon
Kholbon (Russian: Холбон) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Shilkinsky District of Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. Population:  2,611 (2010 Census); 2,652 (2002 Census); 3,377 (1989 Soviet census).

Shilkinsky District
Shilkinsky District (Russian: Шилкинский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-one in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. It is located in the center of the krai, and borders with Tungokochensky District in the north, Nerchinsky District in the east, Mogoytuysky District in the south, and with Karymsky District in the west.  The area of the district is 6,100 square kilometers (2,400 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Shilka. Population: 43,194 (2010 Census); 47,453 (2002 Census); 58,279 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Shilka accounts for 32.3% of the district's total population.