hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Agitation and Propaganda against the State
Constitution 55, or Agitation and Propaganda against the State (Albanian: Agjitacion dhe Propagandë kundër shtetit), was a criminal offence in Communist Albania. This law was used from 1945 until 1991 and was part of the Constitution of the People's Socialist Republic of Albania.

The term was interchangeably used with counterrevolutionary agitation. The latter one was in use after the Albanian Resistance of World War II and was gradually phased out by the end of the 1990s in favor of the former one. According to article 55 of the Albanian Penal Code enacted during Hoxhaism, "propaganda and agitation that called to overturn or undermining of the Albanian power" was punishable with at least 6 months of imprisonment and up to the death sentence in the periods of war or unrest.

World War II in Albania
In Albania, World War II began with its invasion by Italy in April 1939. Fascist Italy set up Albania as its protectorate or puppet state. The resistance was largely carried out by Communist groups against the Italian (until 1943) and then German occupation in Albania. At first independent, the Communist groups united in the beginning of 1942, which ultimately led to the successful liberation of the country in 1944.

The Center for Relief to Civilian Populations (Geneva) reported that Albania was one of the most devastated countries in Europe. 60,000 houses were destroyed and about 10% of the population was left homeless.
HMY Osborne (1870)
HMY Osborne was a paddle steamer Royal Yacht of the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom. Designed by Edward James Reed, she was launched on 19 December 1870 at Pembroke Royal Dockyard and replaced the yacht of the same name formerly known as HMY Victoria and Albert.

She measured 1,850 tons, and was used for cruises to foreign countries and later on the short run to Osborne House on the Isle of Wight. In 1898 wireless equipment was installed by Marconi. This allowed the Prince of Wales to keep in touch with his mother Queen Victoria, at Osborne House.

Commander Charles Eustace Anson was appointed in command on 28 December 1900, and was in command during the funeral arrangements for Queen Victoria the following month.

She was scrapped in 1908 having been superseded by HMY Alexandra.

Edward Reed (naval architect)
Sir Edward James Reed, KCB, FRS (20 September 1830 – 30 November 1906) was a British naval architect, author, politician, and railroad magnate. He was the Chief Constructor of the Royal Navy from 1863 until 1870. He was a Liberal politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1874 to 1906.
Leopold Kessler (Zionist)
Leopold Kessler (4 February 1864 – 3 January 1944) was an engineer, newspaper publisher and Zionist. He was instrumental in building many of the institutions that supported the establishment of Israel as a Jewish state.

Jewish state
In global politics, "Jewish state" is widely used as a synonym for Israel. The country's significance to Jews is fundamentally enshrined in the Israeli Declaration of Independence. Additionally, several Basic Laws of Israel collectively define it as a "Jewish and democratic state" in an official capacity. Israel is home to roughly half of the world's Jews, making it the only country in which Jews comprise more than 2.5% of the total population, and Israeli legislation is accordingly posited as addressing the 71.9% Jewish majority's values and aspirations.

The "Jewish" definition of Israel's role and character as a state has generated internal and external debate on the secular–religious status quo (though Israel is not a Halakhic state), the status of Israelis who belong to the non-Jewish minority, and the legal and practical implications of integrating such a definition on the Israeli–Palestinian conflict.
Grateful Dead Download Series Volume 6
Download Series Volume 6 is a live album by the rock band Grateful Dead. It was released as a digital download on October 4, 2005. The album was recorded on March 17, 1968, at the Carousel Ballroom (later known as the Fillmore West) in San Francisco. The show features the first set closer, "Turn On Your Lovelight", and the entire second set.

According to the liner notes, performances from this concert utilised in the creation of the second album, Anthem of the Sun, specifically to compile the layers of sound.

Volume 6 was mastered in HDCD by Jeffrey Norman.

Phil Lesh
Philip Chapman Lesh (March 15, 1940 – October 25, 2024) was an American musician and a founding member of the Grateful Dead, with whom he developed a unique style of  improvised six-string bass guitar. He was their bassist throughout their 30-year career.

After the group disbanded in 1995, Lesh continued the tradition of Grateful Dead family music with a side project, Phil Lesh and Friends, which paid homage to the Dead's music by playing their repertoire, as well as songs by members of his own group. Lesh operated a music venue called Terrapin Crossroads. From 2009 to 2014, he performed in Furthur alongside former Grateful Dead bandmate Bob Weir.  He scaled back touring in 2014 but continued to perform concerts.
Burma studies
Burma studies is a grouping used in research universities around the world as a way of bringing together specialists from different disciplines such as history, cultural anthropology, archeology, religious studies, art history, political science, and musicology, who are doing research in these areas focused on the geographical area of what is today the country of Burma or Myanmar, often using the Burmese language, or a language of one of its ethnic groups such as the Shan, Mon, Karen, Chin, or Kachin.

Jingpo people
The Jingpo people (Burmese: ဂျိန်းဖော; Chinese: 景颇族; pinyin: Jǐngpō zú; siŋphou), also spelt Jinghpaw or Jingphaw, are a Tibeto-Burman ethnic group who inhabit northern Myanmar, northeastern India, and southwestern China. The Jingpo are the largest subgroup of the Kachin peoples. The Jingpo speak the Jingpo language, which is used as a lingua franca among the Kachin peoples and is distantly related to other Kachin languages.
Liam Dower Nilsson
Liam Dower Nilsson (born 14 April 2003) is a Swedish professional ice hockey centre for IF Björklöven of the HockeyAllsvenskan (Allsv). He was selected 134th overall by the Detroit Red Wings in the 2021 NHL Entry Draft.

HockeyAllsvenskan
HockeyAllsvenskan (previously Allsvenskan and SuperAllsvenskan) is a professional ice hockey league, and the second-highest league in the Swedish ice hockey system, after the SHL. Since the 2009–10 season, the league has consisted of fourteen teams.
Hogolua
Hogolua is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Zonitidae. Some authors place this genus in the family Trochomorphidae instead.

This genus name has sometimes mistakenly been written as "Hongolua" and even "Hoglua".

Zonitidae
Zonitidae, common name the true glass snails, are a family of mostly rather small, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Zonitoidea.

Zonitidae is the only family in the superfamily Zonitoidea. The family's type genus is Zonites, established by Pierre Denys de Montfort in 1810. This family has no subfamilies (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).
Brendan Long
Brendan Long (born 24 November 1979 in Launceston, Tasmania) is an Australian former representative rower. He twice represented at World Rowing Championships in a quad scull, is a dual Olympian and an Olympic record holder. He was an eight time Australian national champion in sculling boats and contested the national championship in the men's double scull every year from 1999 to 2009, winning that particular title on four occasions.

World Rowing Championships
The World Rowing Championships is an international rowing regatta organized by FISA (the International Rowing Federation). It is a week-long event held at the end of the northern hemisphere summer and in non-Olympic years is the highlight of the international rowing calendar.
Stanislaus State Warriors
The Stanislaus State Warriors (also Stan State Warriors and Cal State Stanislaus Warriors) are the athletic teams that represent California State University, Stanislaus, located in Turlock, California, in NCAA Division II intercollegiate sports. The Warriors compete as members of the California Collegiate Athletic Association for all 13 varsity sports.

Turlock, California
Turlock is a city in Stanislaus County, California, United States. Its population was 72,740 at the 2020 United States census, making it the second-largest city in Stanislaus County after Modesto. The city is home to California State University, Stanislaus.
Scapolite
The scapolites (Greek: σκάπος, "rod", and λίθος, "stone") are a group of rock-forming silicate minerals composed of aluminium, calcium, and sodium silicate with chlorine, carbonate and sulfate. The two endmembers are meionite (Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3) and marialite (Na4Al3Si9O24Cl). Silvialite (Ca,Na)4Al6Si6O24(SO4,CO3) is also a recognized member of the group.

Silicate
A silicate is any member of a family of polyatomic anions consisting of silicon and oxygen, usually with the general formula [SiO(4−2x)−4−x]n, where 0 ≤ x < 2.  The family includes orthosilicate SiO4−4 (x = 0), metasilicate SiO2−3 (x = 1), and pyrosilicate Si2O6−7 (x = 0.5, n = 2).  The name is also used for any salt of such anions, such as sodium metasilicate; or any ester containing the corresponding chemical group, such as tetramethyl orthosilicate. The name "silicate" is sometimes extended to any anions containing silicon, even if they do not fit the general formula or contain other atoms besides oxygen; such as hexafluorosilicate [SiF6]2−. Most commonly, silicates are encountered as silicate minerals.

For diverse manufacturing, technological, and artistic needs, silicates are versatile materials, both natural (such as granite, gravel, and garnet) and artificial (such as Portland cement, ceramics, glass, and waterglass).
Time in Argentina
Argentina is located at a longitude that would naturally put it in the UTC−04:00 or UTC−05:00 time zone; however, it actually uses the UTC−03:00 time zone. Argentina determines whether to change clocks in observation of daylight saving time on a year-by-year basis, and individual provinces may opt out of the federal decision. At present, Argentina does not change clocks.

The Argentine Hydrographic Service maintains the official national time.

Provinces of Argentina
Argentina has 23 provinces (Spanish: provincias, singular provincia) and one autonomous city, Buenos Aires, which serves as the federal capital, as determined by Congress.

The provinces and the capital have their own constitutions and exist under a federal system.
Carina Heights, Queensland
Carina Heights is both a hill and a suburb in the City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. 
It is 10.1 kilometres (6.3 mi) by road south-east of the Brisbane GPO. In the 2021 census, Carina Heights had a population of 7,103 people.

General Post Office, Brisbane
The General Post Office (GPO) in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, is a heritage-listed building located at 261 Queen Street. Originally constructed in 1872, it was extended through to Elizabeth Street in 1908. The GPO remains in use by the Australia Post today. Opposite the GPO is the Post Office Square.
Natzler
Natzler is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Gertrud Natzler (1908–1971), Austrian-American ceramicist

Grete Natzler (1906–1999), Austrian actress and operatic soprano

Hertha Natzler (1911–1985), Austrian actress

Otto Natzler (1908–2007), Austrian–born ceramicist

Otto Natzler
Otto Natzler (January 31, 1908 – April 7, 2007) was an Austrian–born ceramicist. With his wife Gertrud Natzler, he produced what were considered some of the most admired ceramic pieces of the 20th century.
Rodney Durbach
Rodney Durbach (born 18 April 1972 in Potchefstroom, South Africa) is a professional squash player from South Africa.

Durbach won a bronze medal in the mixed doubles at the 1998 Commonwealth Games, partnering Natalie Grainger. He reached a career-high world ranking of World No. 23 in 2002.

Potchefstroom
Potchefstroom (locally /ˈpɒtʃɛfstrʊərm/ POTCH-ef-stroorm; Afrikaans pronunciation: [ˌpɔtʃɛfˈstruəm]), known colloquially as Potch, is an academic city in the North West Province of South Africa. It hosts the Potchefstroom Campus of North-West University. Potchefstroom is situated on the Mooi River (Afrikaans for "pretty river"), approximately 120 km (75 mi) west-southwest of Johannesburg and 45 km (28 mi) east-northeast of Klerksdorp.
Alexander Goldrun
Alexander Goldrun (foaled 9 February 2001 in Ireland) is a retired Thoroughbred racehorse. Bred by Dermot Cantillon, she was raced by Mrs. Noel O'Callaghan for whom she compiled a race record of 10 wins, seven seconds, and six thirds in thirty-one starts. She retired with race earnings of £1,900,740

Trained by Jim Bolger, during her career in racing Goldrun won five Group One races in four countries :

Hong Kong
Hong Kong Cup (2004)

France
Prix de l'Opéra (2004)

United Kingdom
Nassau Stakes (2005)

Ireland
Pretty Polly Stakes (2005, 2006)

Pretty Polly Stakes
The Pretty Polly Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Ireland open to thoroughbred fillies and mares aged three years or older. It is run at the Curragh over a distance of 1 mile and 2 furlongs (2,012 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in late June or early July.
Naranjan Dhalla
Naranjan S. Dhalla, CM OM FRSC (born October 10, 1936) is a Canadian cardiovascular research scientist focusing on cardiovascular pathophysiology and therapy of heart disease. His laboratory employs a variety of experimental models to investigate a wide range of cardiovascular diseases at the subcellular and molecular levels.

Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology (or physiopathology) is a branch of study, at the intersection of pathology and physiology, concerning disordered physiological processes that cause, result from, or are otherwise associated with a disease or injury. Pathology is the medical discipline that describes conditions typically observed during a disease state, whereas physiology is the biological discipline that describes processes or mechanisms operating within an organism. Pathology describes the abnormal or undesired condition (symptoms of a disease), whereas pathophysiology seeks to explain the functional changes that are occurring within an individual due to a disease or pathologic state.
1972 IMSA GT Championship
The 1972 Camel GT Challenge season was the 2nd season of the IMSA GT Championship auto racing series.  It was for Grand Tourer-style racing cars which ran in the GTO and GTU classes, as well as former Trans Am Series cars in the TO and TU classes.  It began December 4, 1971, and ended November 19, 1972, after ten rounds.

Grand tourer
A grand tourer (GT) is a type of car that is designed for high speed, long-distance driving with luxury specifications. The most common format is a front-engine, rear-wheel-drive two-door coupé with either a two-seat or a 2+2 arrangement. Grand tourers are often the coupé derivative of luxury saloons or sedans. Some models, such as the Ferrari 250 GT, Jaguar E-Type, and Aston Martin DB5, are considered classic examples of gran turismo cars.

The term is a near-calque from the Italian language phrase gran turismo, which became popular in the English language in the 1950s, evolving from fast touring cars and streamlined closed sports cars during the 1930s.
The Hideout Inn
Hideout Chicago, also known as Hideout Inn, is a music venue and former factory bar located in an industrial area between the Lincoln Park and Bucktown neighborhoods of Chicago in the Elston Avenue Industrial Corridor. It has been a key Chicago live music venue since it was purchased by friends Tim and Katie Tuten and Mike and Jim Hinchsliff in 1996. When not hosting live music or other events, for some years the Hideout continued to operate as a local neighborhood bar, but as of 2018 is only open in the evenings.

Logan Square, Chicago
Logan Square is one of the 77 community areas of Chicago in Illinois, United States.

The Logan Square neighborhood, located within the Logan Square community area, is centered on the public square that serves as its namesake, located at the three-way intersection of Milwaukee Avenue, Logan Boulevard and Kedzie Boulevard.

Logan Square is, in general, bounded by Metra's Milwaukee District North Line on the west, the North Branch of the Chicago River on the east, Diversey Parkway on the north, and the Bloomingdale Trail (also known as "The 606") on the south. The area is characterized by the prominent historical boulevards, stately greystones and large bungalow-style homes.
1971 BMC Invitational
The 1971 BMC Invitational, also known as the British Motor Cars Invitational, was a women's tennis tournament that took place on indoor carpet courts at the Civic Auditorium in San Francisco in the United States. It was the initial tournament of the 1971 WT Women's Pro Tour and as such was the first all-female professional tournament as part of a women's tennis tour. The event was held from January 6 through January 9, 1971. The final drew an attendance of 3,100 spectators who saw first-seeded Billie Jean King win the singles title and collect $4,300 first-prize money.

Rosie Casals
Rosemary Casals (born September 16, 1948) is an American former professional tennis player. During a tennis career that spanned more than two decades, she won more than 90 titles and was crucial to many of the changes in women's tennis during the 1960s and 1970s. Casals was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1996.
Val di Mazara wine
Val di Mazara wine refers to wines produced in the Val di Mazara, one of Sicily’s three historical administrative valleys, covering much of the island’s western half. The area includes the historic fortified wine Marsala, the UNESCO-recognised bush-vine cultivation of Pantelleria, and a concentration of DOC appellations that reflect the region’s diverse climates, soils and wine styles.

Marsala
Marsala (Italian: [marˈsaːla], local Sicilian: [maɪsˈsaːla]; Latin: Lilybaeum) is a city and comune located in the Province of Trapani in the westernmost part of Sicily. With a population of 79,693, Marsala is the fifth largest city in Sicily.

The town is famous for the docking of Giuseppe Garibaldi on 11 May 1860 (the Expedition of the Thousand) and for its Marsala wine. A feature of the area is the Stagnone Lagoon Natural Reserve – a marine area with salt ponds.
P. Mohan
Mohan Ponnusamy (30 December 1949 – 30 October 2009) was an Indian politician and a member of the state unit of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)). He was a member of the 13th Lok Sabha and 14th Lok Sabha, representing the Madurai constituency of Tamil Nadu as a candidate of the CPI(M). He died on 30 October 2009.

Madurai Lok Sabha constituency
9°54′N 78°06′E﻿ / ﻿9.9°N 78.1°E﻿ / 9.9; 78.1

Madurai Lok Sabha constituency (Tamil: மதுரை மக்களவைத் தொகுதி) is one of the 39 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Tamil Nadu, a state in South India. Its Tamil Nadu Parliamentary Constituency number is 32.
HMS Rooke
One ship and two shore establishments of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Rooke after Admiral Sir George Rooke:

Ship

HMS Rooke was a Thornycroft-type flotilla leader launched in 1920. She was renamed HMS Broke in 1921, and served until foundering under tow in 1942 after being damaged during Operation Terminal.

Shore establishments

HMS Rooke (1940 shore establishment) was the boom defence central depot at Rosyth. It was commissioned in 1940 and paid off in 1946, being renamed HMS Safeguard.

HMS Rooke (1946 shore establishment) was the naval base at Gibraltar. It was commissioned in 1946, succeeding HMS Cormorant, and operating until becoming a Joint Service Base in 1990. This was paid off in 1996.

HMS Broke (D83)
HMS Broke was a Thornycroft type flotilla leader of the Royal Navy. She was the second of four ships of this class that were ordered from J I Thornycroft in April 1918, and was originally named Rooke after Rear Admiral Sir George Rooke of the Dutch Wars and the Battle of Vigo Bay.

The naturalist Peter Scott, among the ship's crew in 1940, conducted experiments in ship camouflage, having the two sides of Broke painted in different patterns.
John B. Brown
John Brewer Brown (May 13, 1836 – May 16, 1898) was an American member of the United States House of Representatives, elected by Maryland's 1st congressional district.

Born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Brown attended Centreville Academy and Dickinson College in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, where he studied law. He was admitted to the bar in 1857 and practiced in Centreville. He became a member of the Maryland House of Delegates in 1870 and served in the Maryland State Senate from 1888 to 1892.

Elected as a Democrat to the 52nd United States Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Henry Page, Brown served from November 8, 1892, to March 3, 1893. He declined to be a candidate for renomination in 1892 and resumed the practice of law. Brown died in Centreville and was interred in Chesterfield Cemetery.

Maryland's 1st congressional district
Maryland's 1st congressional district encompasses the entire Eastern Shore of Maryland, including Salisbury, as well as Harford County and parts of Baltimore County; it is the largest congressional district in the state geographically, covering all of 10 counties and part of an 11th.

The district is currently represented by Republican Andy Harris, who defeated Democratic incumbent Frank M. Kratovil Jr. in 2010. The district was the subject of a 2014 boycott following legislation Harris introduced nullifying a District of Columbia law de-criminalizing possession of marijuana. With a Cook Partisan Voting Index rating of R+8, it is the only Republican district in Maryland.
Pyrethroid
A pyrethroid is an organic compound similar to the natural pyrethrins, which are produced by the flowers of pyrethrums (Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium and C. coccineum). Pyrethroids are used as commercial and household insecticides.

In household concentrations pyrethroids are generally harmless to humans.  However, pyrethroids are toxic to insects such as bees, dragonflies, mayflies, gadflies, and some other invertebrates, including those that constitute the base of aquatic and terrestrial food webs. Pyrethroids are toxic to aquatic organisms, especially fish. They have been shown to be an effective control measure for malaria outbreaks, through indoor applications.

Aquatic ecosystem
An aquatic ecosystem is an ecosystem found in and around a body of water, in contrast to land-based terrestrial ecosystems. Aquatic ecosystems contain communities of organisms—aquatic life—that are dependent on each other and on their environment. The two main types of aquatic ecosystems are marine ecosystems and freshwater ecosystems. Freshwater ecosystems may be lentic (slow moving water, including pools, ponds, and lakes); lotic (faster moving water, for example streams and rivers); and wetlands (areas where the soil is saturated or inundated for at least part of the time).
Darko Velkovski
Darko Velkovski (Macedonian: Дарко Велковски; born 21 June 1995) is a Macedonian footballer who plays as a centre-back or as a defensive midfielder for Hungarian club Nyíregyháza Spartacus and the North Macedonia national team.

Macedonian First Football League
The Macedonian First Football League (Macedonian: Прва македонска фудбалска лига), also called Macedonian First League, 1. MFL, and Prva Liga, is the highest professional football competition in North  Macedonia. It is a professional league competition for football clubs located at the top of the  Macedonian football league system and has been operating since the 1992–93 season. It is organized by the Football Federation of Macedonia.