hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dirina
Dirina is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Roccellaceae. All Dirina species are crustose lichens with a whitish to greyish brown thallus, and live either on rock or on bark–some species can live on both. The photobiont partner is a member of the green algal genus Trentepohlia. Most species occur in the Northern Hemisphere, and are generally restricted to coastal habitats, where they may be locally quite common. Erythrin and lecanoric acid are lichen products that usually occur in Dirina species, along with several other unidentified substances.

The genus was circumscribed in 1825 by Elias Magnus Fries. Swedish lichenologist Anders Tehler published a monograph about the genus in 1983. Thirty years later, he and his colleagues revisited Dirina, combining evidence from molecular phylogenetic analysis with morphological and chemical analysis. They accepted 24 species in Dirina, 9 of which were described as new to science.

Lichen product
Lichen products, also known as lichen substances, are organic compounds produced by a lichen. Specifically, they are secondary metabolites. Lichen products are represented in several different chemical classes, including terpenoids, orcinol derivatives, chromones, xanthones, depsides, and depsidones. Over 1000 lichen products of known chemical structure have been reported in the scientific literature, and most of these compounds are exclusively found in lichens. Examples of lichen products include usnic acid (a dibenzofuran), atranorin (a depside), lichexanthone (a xanthone), salazinic acid (a depsidone), and isolichenan, an α-glucan. Many lichen products have biological activity, and research into these effects is ongoing.
2012–13 South Dakota Coyotes men's basketball team
The 2012–13 South Dakota Coyotes men's basketball team represented the University of South Dakota during the 2012–13 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Coyotes, led by 25th year head coach Dave Boots, played their home games at the DakotaDome and were members of The Summit League. They finished the season 10–20, 5–11 in The Summit League play to finish in a tie for seventh place. They lost in the quarterfinals of The Summit League tournament to Western Illinois.

2012–13 Western Illinois Leathernecks men's basketball team
The 2012–13 Western Illinois Leathernecks men's basketball team represented Western Illinois University during the 2012–13 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Leathernecks, led by fifth year head coach Jim Molinari, played their home games at Western Hall and were members of The Summit League. They finished the season 22–9, 13–3 in Summit League play to claim a share of the regular season conference title. They advanced to the semifinals of The Summit League tournament where they lost to North Dakota State. They were invited to the 2013 College Basketball Invitational where they lost in the first round to Purdue.
Hong Lihe
Hong Lihe (Chinese: 洪礼和; born November 1953) is a retired Chinese politician who spent his entire career in his home-province Jiangxi. He was investigated by China's top anti-graft agency in June 2024. He has been retired for 7 years. Previously he served as vice chairperson of the Jiangxi Provincial People's Congress and before that, vice governor of Jiangxi. He was a representative of the 16th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. He was a delegate to the 10th National People's Congress.

10th National People's Congress
The 10th National People's Congress (NPC) was in session from 2003 to 2008. It held five plenary sessions in this period. There were 2,984 deputies to this Congress. It succeeded the 9th National People's Congress.
Ascheberg
Ascheberg (German pronunciation: [ˈaʃəbɛʁk]) is a municipality in the district of Coesfeld in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.
The neighbouring cities, towns and municipalities of Ascheberg are (clockwise, starting in the North) the city Münster, the town Drensteinfurt (District Warendorf), the city Hamm, the town Werne (District Unna, the municipalities Nordkirchen and Senden (both District Coesfeld)

Werne
Werne an der Lippe (German pronunciation: [ˈvɛʁnə] ⓘ; Westphalian: Wäen) is a town in the Federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia in the Unna district in Germany. It is located on the southern edge of the Münsterland region near the Ruhrgebiet. The population of Werne is about 32,000.
62nd Airlift Wing
The 62nd Airlift Wing, officially 62d Airlift Wing, is a wing of the United States Air Force stationed at McChord AFB, Joint Base Lewis–McChord, Washington. It is assigned to the Eighteenth Air Force of Air Mobility Command and is active duty host wing on McChord. The wing is composed of more than 2,200 active duty military and civilian personnel. It is tasked with supporting worldwide combat and humanitarian airlift contingencies.  Aircraft of the 62nd fly worldwide, conducting airdrop training; it also carries out the Antarctic resupply missions.

Air Mobility Command
The Air Mobility Command (AMC) is a Major Command (MAJCOM) of the U.S. Air Force. It is headquartered at Scott Air Force Base, Illinois, east of St. Louis, Missouri, near Mascoutah, Illinois.

Air Mobility Command was established on 1 June 1992 and was formed from elements of the inactivated Military Airlift Command (MAC) and Strategic Air Command (SAC).  AMC melded MAC's worldwide airlift system of primarily C-5 Galaxy, C-141 Starlifter (later replaced by C-17 Globemaster III beginning in 1995), and C-130 Hercules airlift aircraft with SAC's tanker force of KC-135 Stratotanker and KC-10 Extender aerial refueling aircraft, the latter air refueling aircraft having been freed from their strategic nuclear strike commitment to SAC's B-52 Stratofortress and B-1 Lancer bomber fleet by the end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union.  In 2016, the Air Force Historical Research Agency consolidated the histories of AMC and MAC, extending AMC's lineage back to 1941.
Forges, Belgium
Forges (French pronunciation: [fɔʁʒ] ⓘ; Walloon: Foidjes) is a village of Wallonia and a district of the municipality of Chimay, located in the province of Hainaut, Belgium.

It was a municipality of its own until January 1, 1977.

The Trappist abbey Notre-Dame de Scourmont and the source of the river Oise are located near Forges.

Deelgemeente
A deelgemeente (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈdeːlɣəˌmeːntə] ⓘ, literally sub-municipality), or section (French pronunciation: [sɛksjɔ̃] ⓘ), is a subdivision of a municipality in Belgium and, until March 2014, in the Netherlands as well.
Ostwalds Klassiker der exakten Wissenschaften
Ostwalds Klassiker der exakten Wissenschaften (English: Ostwald's classics of the exact sciences) is a German book series that contains important original works from all areas of natural sciences. It was founded in 1889 by the physical chemist Wilhelm Ostwald and is now published by Europa-Lehrmittel.

Europa-Lehrmittel
The Verlag Europa-Lehrmittel Nourney, Vollmer GmbH & Co. KG (English: European educational media), based in Haan (district Gruiten) near Düsseldorf, Germany, develops educational media for vocational training and further education as used in vocational schools, universities, companies and further education institutions for industrial-technical, business, social, health as well as gastronomic professions. The contents are delivered in print as well as in digital formats, including offered as apps, simulations, software and through an exam preparation portal. The publisher has its own digital learning platform, the Europathek.

General partner is Nourney, Vollmer & Co. GmbH, a school and specialist book publisher.
Wendy Fuller
Wendy Marie Fuller (born January 8, 1965) is a Canadian retired diver, who represented her native country at the 1988 Summer Olympics, finishing in 13th place in the Women's 10m Platform. In the same event she won a silver medal at the 1987 Pan American Games in Indianapolis, United States. Her younger sister Debbie also competed as an international diver.

1987 Pan American Games
The 1987 Pan American Games, officially known as the X Pan American Games, was a major international multi-sport event held in Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, on August 7–23, 1987. Over 4,300 athletes from 38 countries in the Americas competed in 297 events in 30 sports, earning 1,015 medals. Events were held at 23 venues in and around Indianapolis. The official mascot for the games was Amigo, a green parrot.
The Time-servers
The Time-servers is a novel by Russell M. Griffin, published in 1985 by Avon Books.  The tagline on the cover of the paperback is, "Too far from Earth time creates a different kind of human." It received a nomination for the Philip K. Dick Award for excellence in science fiction in 1985.  This novel is no longer in print.

Philip K. Dick Award
The Philip K. Dick Award is an American science fiction award given annually at Norwescon and sponsored by the Philadelphia Science Fiction Society and (since 2005) the Philip K. Dick Trust.  Named after science fiction writer Philip K. Dick, it has been awarded since 1983, the year after his death.  It is awarded to the best original paperback published each year in the US.

The award was founded by Thomas Disch with assistance from David G. Hartwell, Paul S. Williams, and Charles N. Brown. As of 2025, it is administered by Pat LoBrutto, John Silbersack, and Gordon Van Gelder.  Past administrators include Algis Budrys and David G. Hartwell.
Chandraprabha Saikiani
Chandraprabha Saikiani (16 March 1901 – 16 March 1972) or Chandraprava Saikiani was an Assamese freedom fighter, activist, writer and social reformer considered to be the pioneer of the feminist movement in Assam. She was the founder of The All Assam Pradeshik Mahila Samiti, a non governmental organization working for the welfare of the women of Assam and was a recipient of the fourth highest Indian civilian award of Padma Shri for the year 1972 from the Government of India. Three decades later, the Indian government issued a commemorative stamp on Saikiani under the series, Social Reformers, in 2002.

She also took proactive role in the Civil Disobedience Movement of 1932 and Non-Cooperation Movement of 1920–1921. Contesting elections for the Legislative Assembly, she became the first woman to foray in politics in Independent India. Saikiani was also a noted poet and prolific writer.

Homen Borgohain
Homen Borgohain (7 December 1932 – 12 May 2021) was an Assamese author and journalist.  He was awarded the 1978 Sahitya Akademi Award in Assamese language for his novel Pita Putra.  He was also the President of Assam Sahitya Sabha from 2001 to 2002.

Despite his rural upbringing, Borgohain also addressed issues of urban life in his writing. In the early phase of his life Borgohain led an almost bohemian existence and the reflection of that particular life can be visualised in many of his early stories.  He later became editor for a variety of publications. He also wrote several novels, short stories, and poems.
Joe Benning
Joseph Charles Benning (born December 7, 1956) is an American politician and a Republican who served as a member of the Vermont Senate representing Caledonia District from 2011 to 2023. He served as the Senate's Minority leader from January 2013 to January 2017, when he was succeeded by Dustin Allard Degree.  In late 2017, Degree resigned from the Senate, and Benning was again chosen by the Senate's Republicans to serve as Minority Leader.

Born in Long Branch, New Jersey, Benning graduated from Mater Dei High School in 1975. He earned a B.A. in Social Science from Lyndon State College in 1979 and a J.D. from the Vermont Law School in 1983.

Benning is former Chair of Vermont's Human Rights Commission and former member of the Board of Trustees for the Vermont State Colleges. He was elected to the Vermont Senate in 2010.

Vermont Senate
The Vermont Senate is the upper house of the Vermont General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Vermont. The senate consists of 30 members elected from multi-member districts. Each senator represents at least 20,300 citizens. Senators are elected to two-year terms and there is no limit to the number of terms a senator may serve.

As in other upper houses of state and territorial legislatures and the U.S. Senate, the Vermont Senate has special functions, such as confirming or rejecting gubernatorial appointments to executive departments, the state cabinet, commissions, boards, and (for the first six-year term) the state's judiciary.

The Vermont Senate meets at the Vermont State House in the state capital of Montpelier.
Rimuli
Rimuli is a village located in Champua block, Kendujhar district in Odisha, India.

It is located 39 kilometres north of Kendujhar, main town of the district, 15 kilometres from the subdivision headquarters Champua and 221 kilometres from the State capital Bhubaneswar. Chauthia, Badanai, Balibandha, Gundunia and Rajia are the neighbouring villages of Rimuli.

The village has a population of 4,558, of whom 2,278 are males and 2,280 are females.

Champua
Champua is a notified area council in Kendujhar district in the state of Odisha, India.As per SC &  ST department of Odisha, the Champua sub-division is under scheduled areas of Odisha. The area is the site of Nicholson Forest training institute. The suburb has its importance as it provides a major trade route for transport of iron ore and manganese from some of the major mines of the state to the nearest port & out-state depots. It is also known for its pre-independence truss bridge built by British rulers, the judicial buildings of the same period as well as a few educational institutes who have a good reputation in the state. Baitarani river, which is the second largest river of the state after Mahanadi, flows by Champua.
Willem Hendrik Johan van Idsinga
Willem Hendrik Johan van Idsinga (born 25 June 1822 – 16 November 1896) was a Dutch politician and colonial official, who served as Governor of the Dutch Gold Coast from 1865 to 1867 and as Governor of Surinam between 29 June 1867 and 1 August 1873.

Dutch Gold Coast
The Dutch Gold Coast or Dutch Guinea, officially Dutch possessions on the Coast of Guinea (Dutch: Nederlandse Bezittingen ter Kuste van Guinea), was a portion of contemporary Ghana that was gradually colonized by the Dutch, beginning in 1612. The Dutch began trading in the area around 1598, joining the Portuguese which had a trading post there since the late 15th century. Eventually, the Dutch Gold Coast became the most important Dutch colony in West Africa after Fort Elmina was captured from the Portuguese in 1637, but fell into disarray after the abolition of the slave trade in the early 19th century. On 6 April 1872, the Dutch Gold Coast was, in accordance with the Anglo-Dutch Treaties of 1870–71, ceded to the United Kingdom.
Rameez Aziz
Rameez Aziz (born 15 September 1990) is a Pakistani first-class cricketer who plays for Habib Bank Limited. In April 2018, he was named in Sindh's squad for the 2018 Pakistan Cup. In March 2019, he was named in Punjab's squad for the 2019 Pakistan Cup. In September 2019, he was named in Sindh's squad for the 2019–20 Quaid-e-Azam Trophy tournament.

2019 Pakistan Cup
The 2019 Pakistan Cup was the fourth edition of the Pakistan Cup, a List A cricket competition which was contested by five teams. It was held from 2 to 12 April 2019, with all the matches played at the Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium. The Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB) stated that the top performers in the tournament would be considered for the 2019 Cricket World Cup in England.

Federal Areas, the defending champions, were eliminated from the competition after losing their first three matches of the tournament. On 9 April 2019, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa beat Sindh by nine runs to advance to the final of the tournament. The result meant that Baluchistan also progressed to the final, regardless of the outcome of their last match against Federal Areas. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa won the tournament, and their second title, after beating Balochistan by nine runs in the final.
Renault R28
The Renault R28 is a Formula One racing car, with which Renault F1 contested the 2008 Formula One season. The chassis was designed by Bob Bell, James Allison, Tim Densham and Dino Toso with Pat Symonds overseeing the design and production of the car as Executive Director of Engineering and Rob White leading the engine design. The car was driven by Fernando Alonso and Nelson Piquet Jr.

Bob Bell (motorsport)
Robert Charles Bell (born 10 April 1958) is a Formula One engineer and technical director, best known for his work with the Renault Formula One team. He is currently the Executive Director - Technical for the Aston Martin F1 Team.
Cessford (Eastville, Virginia)
Cessford is a historic plantation house located at Eastville, Northampton County, Virginia. It was built about 1801, and is a 2+1⁄2-story, Federal style brick dwelling with a later two-story brick addition. It has a slate covered gable roof and features central pedimented porches on the north and south facades.  Also on the property are a contributing smokehouse, quarter kitchen, a utility building, and the original pattern of a garden. During the American Civil War, Brigadier General Henry Hayes Lockwood on July 23, 1862, commandeered the property for his headquarters and remained in residence of the property throughout the war.

The house was named after Cessford, in Scotland, the ancestral home of an early settler.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004. It is located in the Eastville Historical District.

Cessford, Scottish Borders
Cessford is a hamlet and former barony about a mile south of the B6401 road, in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland. The placename is from Gaelic 'ceis' and means 'the wattled causeway over the ford'; spellings vary between Cesfuird, Cesford, Cessfoord, Cessfuird, and Cessfurde.

Places nearby include Crailing, Eckford, Kelso, Morebattle, Nisbet, and Oxnam

Cessford Castle is a ruined castle nearby.

Cessford Burn is a tributary of the Kale Water.
Cycas zeylanica
Cycas zeylanica, common name (in Sri Lanka) maha-madu is a plant apparently at present endemic to the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. It was formerly also present in Sri Lanka, but a majority of the population there were destroyed by the tsunami of December 2004. A few trees are cited in Hanguranketha town Adikarigama area.

Cycas zeylanica is an unbranched shrub up to 3 m (9.8 ft) tall. Leaves are up to 200 cm (79 in) long, green, glossy, pinnately compound with up to 100 leaflets. Pollen-producing cones fusiform (tapering at both ends), microsporophylls (male, pollen-producing) up to 45 mm (1.8 in) long. Megasporophylls (female, ovule-producing) up to 30 cm (12 in) long, each with 2-5 ovules. Seeds flattened to ovoid, orange-brown.

Ovule
In seed plants, the ovule is the structure that gives rise to and contains the female reproductive cells. It consists of three parts: the integument, forming its outer layer, the nucellus (or remnant of the megasporangium), and the female gametophyte (formed from a haploid megaspore) in its center. The female gametophyte — specifically termed a megagametophyte — is also called the embryo sac in angiosperms. The megagametophyte produces an egg cell for the purpose of fertilization. The ovule is a small structure present in the ovary. It is attached to the placenta by a stalk called a funicle. The funicle provides nourishment to the ovule. On the basis of the relative position of micropyle, body of the ovule, chalaza and funicle, there are six types of ovules.
Manjul Bhargava
Manjul Bhargava FRS (born 8 August 1974) is a Canadian-American mathematician. He is the Brandon Fradd, Class of 1983, Professor of Mathematics at Princeton University, the Stieltjes Professor of Number Theory at Leiden University, and also holds Adjunct Professorships at the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, and the University of Hyderabad. He is known primarily for his contributions to number theory.

Bhargava was awarded the Fields Medal in 2014. According to the International Mathematical Union citation, he was awarded the prize "for developing powerful new methods in the geometry of numbers, which he applied to count rings of small rank and to bound the average rank of elliptic curves". He was also a member of the Padma Award committee in 2023.

Geometry of numbers
Geometry of numbers, also known as geometric number theory, is the part of number theory which uses geometry for the study of algebraic numbers. Typically, a ring of algebraic integers is viewed as a lattice in  and the study of these lattices provides fundamental information on algebraic numbers. Hermann Minkowski (1896) initiated this line of research at the age of 26 in his work The Geometry of Numbers.

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The geometry of numbers has a close relationship with other fields of mathematics, especially functional analysis and Diophantine approximation, the problem of finding rational numbers  that  approximate an irrational quantity.
Empathy in chickens
Empathy in chickens is the ability of a chicken to understand and share the feelings of another chicken. The Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council's (BBSRC) Animal Welfare Initiative defines and recognizes that "...hens possess a fundamental capacity to empathise..." These empathetic responses in animals are well documented and are usually discussed along with issues related to cognition. The difference between animal cognition and animal emotion is recognized by ethicists. The specific emotional attribute of empathy in chickens has not been only investigated in terms of its existence but it has applications that have resulted in the designed reduction of stress in farm-raised poultry.

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
The Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), is a council of UK Research and Innovation (UKRI), a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Science, Innovation and Technology. It is the largest UK public funder of non-medical bioscience. It predominantly funds scientific research institutes and university research departments in the UK.
Gáspár Boldizsár
Gáspár Boldizsár is a Hungarian sprint canoer who competed from 1989 to 1995. He won six medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with two golds (C-4 500 m: 1993, 1994), three silvers (C-2 1000 m: 1994, C-4 1000 m: 1990, 1990), and one bronze (C-1 1000 m: 1989).

1989 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 1989 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Plovdiv, Bulgaria.

The men's competition consisted of eight Canadian (single paddle, open boat) and nine kayak events. Five events were held for the women, all in kayak. Men's C-4 500 m and C-4 1000 m were added along with women's K-1 5000 m and K-2 5000 m.

This was the 22nd championships in canoe sprint.
Angelo Tartaglia
Angelo Tartaglia, also known as Angelo Broglio da Lavello (1350 or 1370–1421), was an Italian condottiero and nobleman. Tartaglia served as a captain of the Papal Army beginning in 1415, and was lord of Lavello, Toscanella, Tarquinia, Canino, Acquapendente, Montalto di Castro, Marta, Civitella d’Agliano, Sipicciano, Gradoli, and Sutri.

Graffignano
Graffignano is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Viterbo in the Italian region of Latium, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) northwest of Rome and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northeast of Viterbo.

Graffignano borders the following municipalities: Alviano, Attigliano, Bomarzo, Civitella d'Agliano, Lugnano in Teverina, Viterbo.

Sights include the Baglioni Castle (13th century), church of San Martino Vescovo.