hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charles Farr (civil servant)
Sir Charles Blandford Farr CMG OBE (15 July 1959 – 15 February 2019) was a British civil servant, intelligence officer, and diplomat. He was Chairman of the Joint Intelligence Committee and Head of the Joint Intelligence Organisation at the Cabinet Office until his death in February 2019. Before that, from 2007 until 2015 Farr was the Director of the Office for Security and Counter-Terrorism (OSCT) at the United Kingdom's Home Office.

Joint Intelligence Organisation (United Kingdom)
The Joint Intelligence Organisation is a British intelligence agency responsible for intelligence assessment and development of the UK intelligence community's analytical capability.  It is headed by a Permanent Secretary-level civil servant.

The organisation supports the work of the Joint Intelligence Committee (tasked with directing the Secret Intelligence Service (MI6), Security Service (MI5) and GCHQ) and National Security Council by providing intelligence assessments to Ministers and senior officials.
The Complete Matrix Tapes
The Complete Matrix Tapes is a live album by the New York City-based experimental rock band the Velvet Underground, released on November 20, 2015. It features unexpurgated recordings of the band's two-night stint on November 26 and 27, 1969, at San Francisco club The Matrix, owned and operated by Jefferson Airplane's Marty Balin.

The Matrix (club)
The Matrix was a nightclub in San Francisco from 1965 to 1972 and was one of the keys to what eventually became known as the "San Francisco sound" in rock music. Located at 3138 Fillmore Street in Cow Hollow, in a 100-capacity beer-and-pizza shop, The Matrix opened 13 August 1965, showcasing Jefferson Airplane, which singer Marty Balin had put together as the club's "house band". Balin had persuaded three limited partners to put up $3,000 apiece to finance the club's opening, giving them 75 percent ownership, while he retained 25 percent for creating and managing it.
1815 Georgia gubernatorial election
The 1815 Georgia gubernatorial election was held on November 20, 1815, in order to elect the Governor of Georgia. Democratic-Republican candidate and former Governor David Brydie Mitchell defeated fellow Democratic-Republican candidate and incumbent Governor Peter Early, Democratic-Republican candidate and former Governor Jared Irwin and Democratic-Republican candidate John Clark in a Georgia General Assembly vote.

John Clark (Georgia governor)
John Clark (sometimes spelled Clarke) (February 28, 1766 – October 12, 1832) was an American planter, politician, and slaveholder. He was the 31st Governor of the U.S. state of Georgia, from 1819 to 1823. As governor, he prevailed in the U.S. Supreme Court case Ex parte Madrazzo, a dispute over whether a claim of ownership of a group of enslaved people could be enforced against the state. He also advocated for presidential electors to be elected by popular vote as seen in many of his bills, culminating in the 1824 Georgia Popular Vote Referendum.
2011 Pukapuka by-election
A by-election was held in the Cook Islands electorate of Pukapuka-Nassau on 7 June 2011.  The by-election was precipitated by an electoral petition declaring the election of Tekii Lazaro in the 2010 election invalid.

The election was contested by two candidates, and won by the Cook Islands Party's Tekii Lazaro.

Cook Islands Party
The Cook Islands Party is a nationalist political party in the Cook Islands.  It was the first political party founded in the Cook Islands, and one of the two major parties of the islands' politics since 1965.

From 1999 until 2005, it sometimes participated in coalition governments. In the 2006 elections, it came runner-up and largest opposition party in the islands. The party won both the 2010 and 2014 elections and currently forms the government. As a result of the 2018 elections, it is the second largest party in the Cook Islands Parliament. The leader of the party is the Prime Minister Mark Brown.
Chartered Institution of Water and Environmental Management
The Chartered Institution of Water and Environmental Management (CIWEM) is an independent professional body and a registered charity in the United Kingdom that works internationally to advance the science and practice of water resource management and environmental resource management for sustainability. It is licensed by the Science Council to award Chartered Scientist and Chartered Environmentalist status to qualifying members. It is a member of the Society for the Environment.

The organisation was formed in 1987 when the Institution of Public Health Engineers, the Institution of Water Engineers and Scientists, and the Institute of Water Pollution Control merged. It was granted a Royal Charter in 1995.

Professional association
A professional association (also called  a professional body, professional organization, or professional society) is a group that usually seeks to further a particular profession, the interests of individuals and organisations engaged in that profession, and the public interest. In the United States, such an association is typically a nonprofit business league for tax purposes. In the UK, they may take a variety of legal forms.
Christopher Good
Christopher Good is an English actor best known for his work on television.
He was born on 12 May 1956 in Bromsgrove, Worcestershire.
In the 1970s he made a stage appearance in a musical version of Jeeves and Wooster. In the 1990s he was, according to the Times, one of the most energetic Falstaffs ever.

Good has made many one-off or short-lived appearances in drama and comedy programmes, with Murder Most Horrid, Rumpole of the Bailey, Danger UXB, The Choir and Pie in the Sky being among them. He appeared in The Beast Below, an episode of the 2010 series of Doctor Who.

He is arguably best known for his role as Quentin Kirrin in the 1990s television adaptation of The Famous Five, Enid Blyton novels in which he appeared in eighteen episodes.

In retirement he has restored an old mill and created a large garden in Herefordshire.

Rumpole of the Bailey
Rumpole of the Bailey is a British television series created and written by the British writer and barrister John Mortimer. It stars Leo McKern as Horace Rumpole, a middle-aged London barrister who defends a broad variety of clients, often underdogs. The popularity of the TV series led to the stories being presented in other media, including books and radio.

The "Bailey" of the title is a reference to the Central Criminal Court, the "Old Bailey".
White Arrow
The White Arrow (ホワイトアロー, howaito arō), and later Super White Arrow (スーパーホワイトアロー, sūpā howaito arō) were limited express train services operated by Hokkaido Railway Company (JR Hokkaido) on the Hakodate Main Line between the cities of Sapporo and Asahikawa in Hokkaido, Japan, between 1986 and 2007.

Fukagawa Station
Fukagawa Station (深川駅, Fukagawa-eki) is a railway station in Fukagawa, Hokkaido, Japan, operated by the Hokkaido Railway Company (JR Hokkaido). The station is served by the Hakodate Main Line and is also the starting point of the Rumoi Main Line. The Shinmei Line previously connected to this station before its closure in 1995.
Boudewijn Revis
Boudewijn Revis (born 21 July 1974) is a Dutch politician. A member of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD), he served as ad interim Mayor of The Hague from the resignation of Pauline Krikke on 6 October 2019 until the formal appointment and swearing-in of Johan Remkes as Acting Mayor of The Hague the following 12 October.

Pauline Krikke
Pauline Christine Krikke (born 9 May 1961) is a Dutch politician who served as mayor of The Hague from 2017 until 2019. A member of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD), she previously served as mayor of Arnhem from 2001 to 2013. She started her career as a councillor (1994–1996) and alderwoman in Amsterdam (1996–2001) and was elected to the Senate between 2015 and 2017.
Romance & Cigarettes
Romance & Cigarettes is a 2005 American musical romantic comedy film written and directed by John Turturro. The film stars an ensemble cast which includes James Gandolfini, Susan Sarandon, Kate Winslet, Steve Buscemi, Bobby Cannavale, Mandy Moore, Mary-Louise Parker, Aida Turturro, Christopher Walken, Barbara Sukowa, Elaine Stritch, Eddie Izzard, and Amy Sedaris. The film was nominated for a Golden Lion at the 2005 Venice Film Festival.

Golden Lion
The Golden Lion (Italian: Leone d'oro) is the highest prize given to a film at the Venice Film Festival. The prize was introduced in 1949 by the organizing committee and is widely regarded as one of the film industry's most prestigious and distinguished prizes. In 1970, the Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement was introduced, an honorary prize for people who have made an important contribution to cinema.

The prize was introduced in 1949 as the Golden Lion of Saint Mark, which was one of the best known symbols of the ancient Republic of Venice. In 1954, the prize was permanently named the Golden Lion.
2007 Gaz de France Budapest Grand Prix – Singles
Gisela Dulko won her first WTA Tour singles title, defeating Sorana Cîrstea in the final, 6–7(2–7), 6–2, 6–2 to capture the Women's Singles tennis championship at the 2007 Hungarian Ladies Open.

Anna Smashnova was the two-time defending champion, but she chose not to compete this year.

Anna Smashnova
Anna Aleksandrovna Smashnova (Hebrew: אנה סמשנובה, Russian: Анна Александровна Смашнова; born July 16, 1976) is a Soviet-born Israeli former tennis player. She retired from professional tour after Wimbledon 2007.

Smashnova reached her career-high singles ranking of world No. 15 in 2003. She reached 13 finals, and won 12 of them. In addition, she won a junior Grand Slam title, the 1991 French Open girls' singles championship.
Ministry of Justice and Keeper of the Seals (Democratic Republic of the Congo)
The Ministry of Justice and Keeper of the Seals of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (French: Ministère de la Justice et Garde des Sceaux de la République Démocratique du Congo) is the government body responsible for administering justice and safeguarding fundamental rights nationwide. It oversees the functioning of the judiciary through its departments and services, with a mandate to "promote a system that is equitable, transparent, and accessible to all citizens". Its responsibilities include law enforcement, maintaining public order, and promoting justice and equality, while also leading efforts to reform legal and institutional structures to improve governance and uphold the rule of law.

Fundamental rights
Fundamental rights are a group of rights that have been recognized by a high degree of protection from encroachment. These rights are specifically identified in a constitution, or have been found under due process of law. The United Nations' Sustainable Development Goal 17, established in 2015, underscores the link between promoting human rights and sustaining peace.
Amsonia orientalis
Amsonia orientalis, the European bluestar, is a species of flower in the dogbane family. It is found in European Turkey, and may be extirpated from Greece. Other historical populations appear to be lost. It is threatened by habitat loss, collection for ornamental use, and over-harvesting for research. It contains many glycosides and glycoalkaloids, and also has broad antimicrobial activity.

Amsonia orientalis is the only European member of its genus. One other species (Amsonia elliptica (Thunb.) Roem. & Schult.) is found in East Asia, while all the others are native to North America.

Local extinction
Local extinction, also extirpation, is the termination of a species (or other taxon) in a chosen geographic area of study, though it still exists elsewhere. Local extinctions are contrasted with global extinctions.

Local extinctions mark a change in the ecology of an area. It has sometimes been followed by a replacement of the species taken from other locations, such as with wolf reintroduction.
Photosensitive anodized aluminum
Photosensitive anodized aluminum, also referred to as photo anodized aluminum or photo metal, utilizes the porous nature of unsealed anodized aluminum  to create a sub-surface image. The image can be created either through exposure and development of an anodic layer impregnated with silver compounds (Type 1), much like traditional black and white photography, or through the use of a photomask (Type 2) and chemical etching, color addition, or color subtraction.

Chemical milling
Chemical       milling or industrial etching is the subtractive manufacturing process of using baths of temperature-regulated etching chemicals to remove material to create an object with the desired shape.  Other names for chemical etching include photo etching, chemical etching, photo chemical etching and photochemical machining. It is mostly used on metals, though other materials are increasingly important.  It was developed from armor-decorating and printing etching processes developed during the Renaissance as alternatives to engraving on metal. The process essentially involves bathing the cutting areas in a corrosive chemical known as an etchant, which reacts with the material in the area to be cut and causes the solid material to be dissolved; inert substances known as maskants are used to protect specific areas of the material as resists.
Rod Hamilton
Rodney W. Hamilton (born March 25, 1968) is an American politician and former member of the Minnesota House of Representatives. A member of the Republican Party of Minnesota, he represented District 22B, which includes all or portions of Cottonwood, Jackson, Nobles and Redwood counties in the southwestern part of the state. He is also a local pork producer.

Redwood County, Minnesota
Redwood County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census the population was 15,425. Its county seat is Redwood Falls, along the Redwood River near its confluence with the Minnesota River. The Lower Sioux Indian Reservation (also known as the Mdewakankton Tribal Reservation) is entirely within the county, along the southern bank of the Minnesota River in Paxton and Sherman townships. In the 2000 census it had a population of 335.
Dip Kumar Upadhaya
Dip Kumar Upadhaya (Nepali: दीप कुमार उपाध्याय) is a Nepalese Politician of Nepali Congress, and former Minister for Culture, Tourism, and Civil Aviation. He is former ambassador of Nepal for India. He resigned from the post and returned to compete in election of House of Representative in 2074.

In the 2008 Constituent Assembly election he was elected from the Kapilvastu-1 constituency, winning 12997 votes.

Kapilvastu District
Kapilvastu District (Nepali: कपिलवस्तु जिल्ला [ˈkʌpilbʌstu] ⓘ), often Kapilbastu, is one of the districts of Lumbini Province, Nepal. The district, with Kapilbastu municipality as its district headquarters, covers an area of 1,738 square kilometres (671 sq mi) and in 2001 had a population of 481,976, which increased to 571,936 in 2011 and later according 2021 census it further increased to 686,739 Kapilvastu district has 3 number of seats for central whereas 6 seats for state level elections.
Cheshire archers
The Cheshire archers were a body of elite soldiers noted for their skills with the longbow that fought in many engagements in England and France in the Middle Ages. Battles at which there were sizeable numbers of Cheshire archers include Crecy and Agincourt.

Richard II employed a bodyguard of these yeoman archers who came from the Macclesfield Hundred and the Royal forest  of Macclesfield  as well as the other forest districts of Cheshire such as Mara and Mondrem, alongside Men-at-Arms from the same areas.

Macclesfield Hundred
53°15′40″N 2°07′41″W﻿ / ﻿53.261°N 2.128°W﻿ / 53.261; -2.128

The hundred of Macclesfield  was an ancient division of the historic county of Cheshire, in northern England. It was known to have been in existence at least as early as 1242, and it was formed to a great extent from the earlier Domesday hundred of Hamestan.

When the Hundred of Hameston was formed, the village which was later named Macclesfield was the principal settlement in East Cheshire. It became the location of administration for the Hundred of Hameston, and the Hundred Court was held there. It is not known when or why the village and Hundred became known as Macclesfield.

In 1361 Edward, the Black Prince was lord of the hundred, manor and borough of Macclesfield.
2013–14 Liga I
The 2013–14 Liga I is the ninety-sixth season of Liga I, the top-level football league of Romania. The season began on 19 July 2013 and ended on 21 May 2014. Steaua București are the defending champions.

Since Romania climbed from 22nd to 18th place in the UEFA association coefficient rankings at the end of the 2012–13 season, the winners of the 2013–14 Cupa României will start in the third qualifying round of the Europa League instead of second qualifying round. The champions will still enter the second qualifying round of the 2014–15 UEFA Champions League, the second-placed team will still enter the second qualifying round of the 2014–15 UEFA Europa League, but third-placed team will enter the second qualifying round instead of first qualifying round.

2012–13 Liga II
The 2012–13 Liga II is the 73rd season of the Liga II, the second tier of the Romanian football league system. The first two teams in each series will promote at the end of the season to the Liga I, and the last five in each series will relegate to the Liga III, instead of three, like the previous season, because the 2013–14 season will have 2 series of 14 teams each.
4-Iodophenol
4-Iodophenol (p-iodophenol) is an aromatic organic compound. A colorless solid, it is one of three monoiodophenols. 4-Iodophenol undergoes a variety of coupling reactions in which the iodine substituent is replaced by a new carbon group para to the hydroxy group of the phenol. It is also used to enhance chemiluminescence for detection of cancer cells and in the Eclox assay.

4-Iodophenol can be prepared from 4-aminophenol via the diazonium salt. An alternative synthesis involves reaction of salicylic acid with iodine, followed by decarboxylation.

Diazonium compound
Diazonium compounds or diazonium salts are a group of organic compounds sharing a common functional group [R−N+≡N]X− where R can be any organic group, such as an alkyl or an aryl, and X is an inorganic or organic anion, such as a halide. The parent compound, where R is hydrogen, is diazenylium.
Forest–savanna mosaic
Forest–savanna mosaic is a transitory ecotone between the tropical moist broadleaf forests of Equatorial Africa and the drier savannas and open woodlands to the north and south of the forest belt. The forest–savanna mosaic consists of drier forests, often gallery forest, interspersed with savannas and open grasslands.

East African Rift
The East African Rift (EAR) or East African Rift System (EARS) is an active continental rift zone in East Africa. The EAR began developing around the onset of the Miocene, 22–25 million years ago. It is considered to be part of a larger system, formerly known as the Great Rift Valley, that extends north to Asia Minor, also known as Anatolia.

A narrow zone, the rift is a developing divergent tectonic plate boundary where the African plate is in the process of splitting into two tectonic plates, called the Somali plate and the Nubian plate, at a rate of 8–9 mm (0.31–0.35 in) per year. The rift system consists of three microplates, the Victoria microplate to the north, and the Rovuma and Lwandle microplates to the south.  The Victoria microplate is rotating anti-clockwise with respect to the African plate. Its rotation is caused by the configuration of mechanically weaker and stronger lithospheric regions in the EARS.

Many of the African Great Lakes lie within the Rift Valley.
Afghan (biscuit)
An Afghan is a traditional New Zealand biscuit made from flour, butter, cornflakes, sugar and cocoa powder, topped with chocolate icing and a half walnut. The recipe has a high proportion of butter, and relatively low sugar, and no leavening (rising agent), giving it a soft, dense and rich texture, with crunchiness from the cornflakes, rather than from a high sugar content. The high butter content gives a soft melt-in-the-mouth texture, and the sweetness of the icing offsets the low sugar and the cocoa bitterness.

Leavening agent
In cooking, a leavening agent (/ˈlɛvənɪŋ/) or raising agent, also called a leaven (/ˈlɛvən/) or leavener, is any one of a number of substances used in doughs and batters that cause a foaming action (gas bubbles) that lightens and softens the mixture. An alternative or supplement to leavening agents is mechanical action by which air is incorporated (i.e. kneading). Leavening agents can be biological or synthetic chemical compounds. The gas produced is often carbon dioxide, or occasionally hydrogen.

When a dough or batter is mixed, the starch in the flour and the water in the dough form a matrix (often supported further by proteins like gluten or polysaccharides, such as pentosans or xanthan gum). The starch then gelatinizes and sets, leaving gas bubbles that remain.
Christy Harvey
Christy Felling (née Harvey) is director of strategic media and external affairs for Share Our Strength.

From 2003 to 2010, she helped lead strategic communications at the Center for American Progress. She was a regular guest on The Al Franken Show. She also edited a free news website for the Center called Mic Check. She is a former research director at The Wall Street Journal.

Growing up in Dover, Delaware, Harvey attended Caesar Rodney High School, then Washington and Lee University in Lexington, Virginia. She currently resides in Anchorage, Alaska.

Washington and Lee University
Washington and Lee University (Washington and Lee or W&L) is a private liberal arts college in Lexington, Virginia, United States. Established in 1749 as Augusta Academy, it is among the oldest institutions of higher learning in the US.

Washington and Lee's 325-acre campus sits at the edge of Lexington and abuts the campus of the Virginia Military Institute in the Shenandoah Valley region between the Blue Ridge Mountains and the Allegheny Mountains. The institution consists of three academic units: the college itself; the Williams School of Commerce, Economics, and Politics; and the School of Law. It hosts 24 intercollegiate varsity athletic teams which compete as part of the Old Dominion Athletic Conference of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA Division III).
McKay–Miller–Širáň graph
In graph theory, the McKay–Miller–Širáň graphs are an infinite class of vertex-transitive graphs with diameter two, and with a large number of vertices relative to their diameter and degree. They are named after  Brendan McKay, Mirka Miller, and Jozef Širáň, who first constructed them using voltage graphs in 1998.

Diameter (graph theory)
In graph theory, the diameter of a connected undirected graph is the farthest distance between any two of its vertices. That is, it is the diameter of a set for the set of vertices of the graph, and for the shortest-path distance in the graph. Diameter may be considered either for weighted or for unweighted graphs. Researchers have studied the problem of computing the diameter, both in arbitrary graphs and in special classes of graphs.

The diameter of a disconnected graph may be defined to be infinite, or undefined.