hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Joannes Klas
Sister Joannes Klas is an American sister of the order of Sisters of Saint Francis.  She is the 1997 recipient of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees Nansen Refugee Award. This award is given annually by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees to an individual, group, or organization in recognition of outstanding service to the cause of refugees, displaced or stateless people. It was established in 1954.

Religious sister
A religious sister (abbreviated: Sr.) is a Christian woman who has taken public vows in a religious order dedicated to apostolic works. Though often referred to as nuns, they are canonically distinct. Nuns, religious sisters and canonesses all use the term "Sister" as a form of address. Religious sisters are found in various traditions of Christianity, particularly Catholicism, Evangelical Lutheranism and Anglicanism. In the Catholic Church, religious sisters are associated with a religious institute.
Mountain Meadows Massacre and Mormon theology
Mormon theology has long been thought to be one of the causes of the Mountain Meadows Massacre. The victims of the massacre, known as the Baker–Fancher party, were passing through the Utah Territory to California in 1857. For the decade prior the emigrants' arrival, Utah Territory had existed as a theocracy led by Brigham Young. As part of Young's vision of a pre-millennial "Kingdom of God," Young established colonies along the California and Old Spanish Trails, where Mormon officials governed as leaders of church, state, and military. Two of the southernmost establishments were Parowan and Cedar City, led respectively by Stake Presidents William H. Dame and Isaac C. Haight. Haight and Dame were, in addition, the senior regional military leaders of the Mormon militia. During the period just before the massacre, known as the Mormon Reformation, Mormon teachings were dramatic and strident. The religion had undergone a period of intense persecution in the American Midwest.

Parowan, Utah
Parowan (/ˈpærəwɑːn/ PARR-ə-wahn) is a city in and the county seat of Iron County, Utah, United States. The population was 2,996 at the 2020 census.

Parowan became the first incorporated city in Iron County in 1851. A fort that had been constructed on the east side of Center Creek the previous year was an initial hub in the development of ironworks in the region. Parowan served as the agricultural support base for the local iron industry, whose blast furnace was located in nearby Cedar City. Eventually, the ironworks were decommissioned.

Despite occasional successes, the mission failed to produce a consistent and sustained supply of pig iron. By 1858, most of the area's mining operations had ceased due to disappointing yields. Today, the area's chief industries are recreation and tourism.
Gražina
Gražina is a Lithuanian feminine given name. The name was created by the Polish poet Adam Mickiewicz for the main character of his 1823 poem Grażyna. The name is derived from the Lithuanian adjective gražus, meaning "pretty", "beautiful". In Lithuanian tradition, the name day for Gražina is September 26.

Femininity
Femininity (also called womanliness) is a set of attributes, behaviors, and roles generally associated with women and girls. Femininity can be understood as socially constructed, and there is also some evidence that some behaviors considered feminine are influenced by both cultural factors and biological factors. To what extent femininity is biologically or socially influenced is subject to debate. It is conceptually distinct from both the female biological sex and from womanhood, as all humans can exhibit feminine and masculine traits, regardless of sex and gender.

Traits traditionally cited as feminine include gracefulness, gentleness, empathy, humility, and sensitivity, though traits associated with femininity vary across societies and individuals, and are influenced by a variety of social and cultural factors.
Krasny Ugol
Krasny Ugol (Russian: Красный Угол) is a rural locality (a village) in Filippovskoye Rural Settlement, Kirzhachsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 8 as of 2010. There are 3 streets.

Kirzhachsky District
Kirzhachsky District (Russian: Киржа́чский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the sixteen in Vladimir Oblast, Russia. It is located in the west of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,135 square kilometers (438 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Kirzhach. Population: 38,768 (2021 Census); 42,159 (2010 Census); 45,188 (2002 Census); 49,846 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Kirzhach accounts for 70.5% of the district's total population.
March 88C
The March 88C is an open-wheel race car, designed and built by March Engineering, to compete in the 1988 IndyCar season. The 88C chassis won four out of the 15 races, all with Al Unser Jr., but only managed to score 1 pole position, with Michael Andretti in Milwaukee. It was powered by numerous engines, including the Cosworth DFX turbo engine, the Ilmor-Chevrolet 265-A engine, the Porsche Indy V8 engine, the Buick Indy V6 engine, and the Judd AV.

Al Unser Jr.
Alfred Unser Jr. (born April 19, 1962) – nicknamed "Little Al" to distinguish him from his father, Al Unser – is an American former racing driver. Known primarily for his Championship car career, Unser won two CART championships, and is a two-time winner of the Indianapolis 500.

Early in his career, Unser found success in the Can-Am series, winning the championship in 1982. He joined his great uncle, uncle, and father, as a winner of the Pikes Peak Hill Climb, doing so in 1983. He is a two-time winner of the 24 Hours of Daytona. He has the most Long Beach Grand Prix victories in history, winning six times.
Blockbusting
Blockbusting is a business practice in the United States in which real estate agents and building developers convinced residents in a particular area to sell their property at below-market prices. This was achieved by fearmongering the homeowners, telling them that racial minorities would soon be moving into their neighborhoods. The blockbusters would then sell those same houses at inflated prices to black families seeking upward mobility.

Blockbusting became prominent after post-World War II bans on explicitly segregationist real estate practices. By the 1980s it had mostly disappeared in the United States after changes to the law and real estate market.

Research has documented how blockbusting harmed black wealth accumulation and contributed to the racial wealth gap, as homes bought by black households depreciated or stagnated in value.

Real estate agent
Real estate agents and real estate brokers are people who represent sellers or buyers of real estate or real property. While a broker may work independently, an agent usually works under a licensed broker to represent clients. Brokers and agents are licensed by the state to negotiate sales agreements and manage the documentation required for closing real estate transactions.
Kerch Airport
Kerch Airport (Ukrainian: Аеропорт «Керч», Russian: Аэропорт «Керчь») (IATA: KHC, ICAO: URFK) is an airport in Kerch, Crimea. The airport is located 1.5 km northwest of the city (sometimes confused with the nearby Baherove Air Base). The airport is currently bankrupt, and was put on sale for 27 million UAH (3.3 million USD) by the city authorities.

Though the airport is bankrupt, it is still in service and is used by general aviation today. The airport itself is not in good condition. The runway needs repair, airport facilities are bad, there is a working ATC tower which is also needs improvements. There are no airline services to this airport.

Airline flights to/from the airport ceased operations in 2008, formerly encountering approximately 8-10 flights per day, both domestic and international. From 2005 to 2006, the airport tried to resume flights to Kyiv and Moscow using Motor Sich Airlines, but expenses were high and profit was too low, which made flying unprofitable.

Motor Sich Airlines
Motor Sich is a Ukrainian airline based in Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine. It operates passenger and cargo services, including charter and scheduled flights. Its main base is Zaporizhzhia International Airport.
Cleveland Metroparks Zoo
The Cleveland Metroparks Zoo is a 183-acre (74 ha) zoo in Cleveland, Ohio. The Zoo is divided into several areas: Australian Adventure; African Savanna; Northern Wilderness Trek, The Primate, Cat & Aquatics Building, Waterfowl Lake, The RainForest, Asian Highlands, and the newly added Susie's Bear Hollow. Cleveland Metroparks Zoo has one of the largest collections of primates in North America. The Zoo is a part of the Cleveland Metroparks system.

The Cleveland Metroparks Zoo (CMZ) was founded in 1882. It is one of the most popular year-round attractions in Northeast Ohio with an attendance of 1.32 million in 2023.

Northeast Ohio
Northeast Ohio is a geographic and cultural region that comprises the northeastern counties of the U.S. state of Ohio. Definitions of the region consist of 16 to 23 counties between the southern shore of Lake Erie and the foothills of the Appalachian Mountains, home to over 4.5 million people. It is anchored by the metropolitan area of Cleveland, the most populous city in the region with over 372,000 residents in 2020. Other metropolitan centers include Akron, Canton, Mansfield, Sandusky, and Youngstown. Northeast Ohio includes most of the area known historically as the Connecticut Western Reserve.
Loai Deeb
Loai Mohammed Deeb (born 19 July 1975) is a Palestinian who is the leader of Global Network for Rights and Development (GNRD) and a former member of the municipal council of Sola, Norway.

In June 2015 Norwegian police charged both Loai Deeb and GNRD with money laundering and receiving stolen goods.

Al Jazeera English
Al Jazeera English (AJE; Arabic: الجزيرة, romanized: al-jazīrah, lit. 'the island', pronounced [æl (d)ʒæˈziːrɐ]), often known as Al Jazeera, is a 24-hour English-language news channel operating under Al Jazeera Media Network, which is partially funded by the government of Qatar. Al Jazeera introduced an English-language division in 2006. It is the first global English-language news channel to be headquartered in the Middle East.

Al Jazeera is known for its in-depth and frontline reporting particularly in conflict zones such as the Arab Spring, the Gaza–Israel conflict and others. Al Jazeera's coverage of the Arab Spring won the network numerous awards, including the Peabody Award. It positions itself as an alternative media platform to the dominance of Western media outlets like CNN and BBC, focusing on narrative reporting where subjects present their own stories.
Joshua James (cricketer)
Joshua James (born 21 February 2001) is a Tobagonian cricketer. In August 2021, he was named in the Jamaica Tallawahs' squad for the 2021 Caribbean Premier League. He made his Twenty20 debut on 1 September 2021, for the Jamaica Tallawahs in the 2021 Caribbean Premier League. Prior to his Twenty20 debut, he was part of the West Indies' squad for the 2020 Under-19 Cricket World Cup.

2021 Caribbean Premier League
The 2021 Caribbean Premier League (CPLT20) or for sponsorship reasons, Hero CPL 2021 was the ninth season of the Caribbean Premier League, the domestic Twenty20 cricket league that was played in the West Indies. The tournament was held from 26 August to 15 September 2021, with all the matches took place in Saint Kitts and Nevis. A players' draft was held on 28 May 2021. On 14 July 2021, Cricket West Indies confirmed the fixtures for the tournament. The Trinbago Knight Riders were the defending champions.

Prior to the start of the tournament, two of the franchise teams were renamed. The Barbados Tridents became the Barbados Royals, and the St Lucia Zouks became the Saint Lucia Kings.

In the final, the St Kitts & Nevis Patriots beat the Saint Lucia Kings by three wickets to win their first CPL title.
Q-exponential distribution
The q-exponential distribution is a probability distribution arising from the maximization of the Tsallis entropy under appropriate constraints, including constraining the domain to be positive.  It is one example of a Tsallis distribution. The q-exponential is a generalization of the exponential distribution in the same way that Tsallis entropy is a generalization of standard Boltzmann–Gibbs entropy or Shannon entropy. The exponential distribution is recovered as

Originally proposed by the statisticians George Box and David Cox in 1964, and known as the reverse Box–Cox transformation for  a particular case of power transform in statistics.

George E. P. Box
George Edward Pelham Box FRS (18 October 1919 – 28 March 2013) was a British statistician, who worked in the areas of quality control, time-series analysis, design of experiments, and Bayesian inference.  He has been called "one of the great statistical minds of the 20th century". He is famous for the quote "All models are wrong but some are useful".
Christmas with Sinatra & Friends
Christmas with Sinatra & Friends is a 2009 compilation album by Frank Sinatra.

Eight Sinatra songs are taken from A Jolly Christmas from Frank Sinatra and 12 Songs of Christmas. The remaining four tracks feature Rosemary Clooney ("White Christmas"), Mel Tormé ("The Christmas Song [Chestnuts Roasting on an Open Fire]"), Tony Bennett and Bill Evans ("A Child Is Born"), and Ray Charles and Betty Carter ("Baby, It's Cold Outside").

Alan and Marilyn Bergman
Alan Bergman (September 11, 1925 – July 17, 2025) and Marilyn Keith Bergman (née Katz; November 10, 1928 – January 8, 2022) were an American songwriting duo. Married from 1958 until Marilyn's death, together they wrote music and lyrics for numerous celebrated television, film, and stage productions. The Bergmans enjoyed a successful career, honored with four Emmys, three Oscars, and two Grammys (including Song of the Year). They are in the Songwriters Hall of Fame.
Yellow-bellied dacnis
The yellow-bellied dacnis (Dacnis flaviventer) is a species of bird in the family Thraupidae, the Tanagers. It is found in Amazonian regions of Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Brazil; also the eastern Orinoco River region of Venezuela. Its natural habitat is the canopy of tropical humid lowland forest.

The yellow-bellied dacnis is mostly an Amazon Basin bird, except being absent in the northeast with the Guianas. A range extension from the contiguous range extends into central Bolivia. In Venezuela, besides the Amazonian drainages, the species is also in the eastern regions of the Orinoco River drainage and the headwaters.

Orinoco
The Orinoco (Spanish pronunciation: [oɾiˈnoko]) is one of the longest rivers in South America at 2,140 km (1,330 mi). Its drainage basin, sometimes known as the Orinoquia, covers approximately 1,000,000 km2 (390,000 sq mi), with 65% of it in Venezuela and 35% in Colombia. It is the fourth largest river in the world by discharge volume of water (39,000 m3/s (1,400,000 cu ft/s) at delta) due to the high precipitation throughout its catchment area (2,300 millimetres per are [0.084 in/sq ft]). The Orinoco River and its tributaries are the major transportation system for eastern and interior Venezuela and the Llanos of Colombia. The environment and wildlife in the Orinoco's basin are extremely diverse.
Rolled Steel Products (Holdings) Ltd v British Steel Corp
Rolled Steel Products (Holdings) Ltd v British Steel Corp [1986] Ch 246 is a UK company law case, concerning the enforceability of obligations against a company.  The case was one of the last significant cases on ultra vires under English company law before the provisions abrogating that doctrine in the Companies Act 1985 became effective.

Ultra vires
Ultra vires is a Latin phrase used in law to describe an act that requires legal authority but is done without it. Its opposite, an act done under proper authority, is intra vires. Acts that are intra vires may equivalently be termed "valid", and those that are ultra vires termed "invalid".

Legal issues relating to ultra vires can arise in a variety of contexts:

Companies and other legal persons sometimes have limited legal capacity to act, and attempts to engage in activities beyond their legal capacities may be ultra vires. Most countries have restricted the doctrine of ultra vires in relation to companies by statute.

Similarly, statutory and governmental bodies may have limits upon the acts and activities which they legally engage in.

Subordinate legislation which is purported passed without the proper legal authority may be invalid as beyond the powers of the authority which issued it.
François-Louis Dejuinne
François-Louis Dejuinne (1786–1844) was a French painter. He was born in Paris in 1786, and learned the art of painting under Girodet. He visited Rome, where he studied the works of Titian, Paolo Veronese, and other great masters. He died in Paris in 1844. His paintings were mostly historical; among them are the
'Ascension of the Virgin ' and 'St. Geneviève ' for Notre-Dame de Lorette, and 'The Four Seasons' for the Trianon Palace.

Grand Trianon
The Grand Trianon (French pronunciation: [ɡʁɑ̃ tʁijanɔ̃]) is a French Baroque style château situated in the northwestern part of the Domain of Versailles in Versailles, France. It was built at the request of Louis XIV as a retreat for himself and his maîtresse-en-titre of the time, the Marquise de Montespan, and as a place where he and invited guests could take light meals (collations) away from the strict etiquette of the royal court. The Grand Trianon is set within its own park, which includes the Petit Trianon (a smaller château built in the 1760s, during the reign of Louis XV).
Comfort Inn and Suites
Comfort is an American hotel franchise brand launched in 1981 by Quality Inns International which later became the Choice Hotels chain. The brand is used worldwide by its parent company. The franchise experienced significant growth during the 1980s in the United States.

Originally targeted at economy travelers, Comfort was repositioned in the early 2010s as an upper-midscale brand. Choice currently operates three franchise formats under the Comfort logo: Comfort Inns, Comfort Suites, and Comfort Inn & Suites. Its competitors include Marriott's Fairfield Inn & Suites, IHG's Holiday Inn Express, and Hilton's Hampton Inn.

Hampton by Hilton
Hampton by Hilton is an American chain of hotels trademarked by Hilton Worldwide. The Hampton hotel brand is a chain of moderately priced, budget to midscale limited service hotels with limited food and beverage facilities. Most Hampton hotels are independently owned and operated by franchisees, though a few are managed by Hilton. Hampton by Hilton is one of the largest hotel franchises in the U.S. As of March 2024, the Hampton franchise includes 3,000 hotels in 40 countries and territories.
Warmbad, Namibia
Warmbad (Afrikaans and German for Warm Bath, Nama: |Aixa-aibes) is a settlement located in the ǁKaras Region of southern Namibia. It is situated south of Karasburg at the Homs River, close to the border with South Africa, and belongs to the Karasburg electoral constituency.

First occupied by traders, hunters, and missionaries of different congregations, the hot springs from which the settlement's name is derived were first exploited at the beginning of the 20th century and are now being developed into a tourist attraction. Recently, uranium was discovered in the area.

Climatically, Warmbad lies between the coastal desert and the Karoo. Winter frost occurs and very little rainfall (annual average: 96 millimetres (3.8 in)). The mean medial temperature lies between 12 and 15 degrees.

Khoekhoe language
Khoekhoe or Khoikhoi (/ˈkɔɪ.kɔɪ/ KOY-koy; Khoekhoegowab, Khoekhoe pronunciation: [k͡xʰo̜͡ek͡xʰo̜͡egowab]), also known by the ethnic terms Nama (/ˈnɑː.mə/ NAH-mə; Namagowab), Damara (ǂNūkhoegowab), or Nama/Damara and formerly as Hottentot, is the most widespread of the non-Bantu languages of Southern Africa that make heavy use of click consonants and therefore were formerly classified as Khoisan, a grouping now recognized as obsolete. It belongs to the Khoe language family, and is spoken in Namibia, Botswana, and South Africa primarily by three ethnic groups: Namakhoen, ǂNūkhoen, and Haiǁomkhoen.
VDM-1
The Processor Technology VDM-1, for Video Display Module, was the first video card for S-100 bus computers. It was created in 1975 and allows an S-100 machine to produce its own display. When paired with a keyboard and Processor Technology's 3P+S card, it eliminates the need for a separate video terminal. Using a 7 x 9 dot matrix and ASCII characters, it produces a 64-column by 16-row text display.

The VDM-1 is a complex card and was soon replaced by an increasing number of similar products from other companies. An early competitor was the Solid State Music VB-1, which offers an identical display from a much simpler card. Later cards using LSI chips have enough room to include the keyboard controller as well.

Dot matrix
A dot matrix is a 2-dimensional patterned array, used to represent characters, symbols and images. Most types of modern technology use dot matrices for display of information, including mobile phones, televisions, and printers. The system is also used in textiles with sewing, knitting and weaving.

An alternate form of information display using lines and curves is known as a vector display, was used with early computing devices such as air traffic control radar displays and pen-based plotters but is no longer used. Electronic vector displays were typically monochrome only, and either leave the interiors of closed vector shapes unfilled, or perform slow, time-consuming and often non-uniform shape-filling, as on pen-based plotters.

In printers, the dots are usually the darkened areas of the paper. In displays, the dots may light up, as in an LED, CRT, or plasma display, or darken, as in an LCD.
Atlantic Rim (film)
Atlantic Rim (also known as Attack from Beneath, Attack from the Atlantic Rim and From the Sea) is a 2013 American science fiction monster film produced by The Asylum and directed by Jared Cohn. Shot in Pensacola, Florida, the film stars Graham Greene, David Chokachi, Treach, and Jackie Moore.

The film was released direct-to-DVD on June 24, 2013 in the United Kingdom, and on July 9 in the United States. In the tradition of The Asylum's catalog, Atlantic Rim is a mockbuster of the film Pacific Rim. The film received generally negative reviews from critics.

Monster movie
A monster movie, monster film, or creature feature is a film that focuses on one or more characters struggling to survive attacks by one or more antagonistic monsters. Such may be man-sized, like the Creature from the Black Lagoon, or abnormally large ones, like King Kong or Godzilla. The film may also fall under the horror, comedy, fantasy, or science fiction genres. Monster movies originated with adaptations of horror folklore and literature.
Web badge
Web badges, buttons or stickers are small images on web pages, typically part of the footer. They can be used for promotion, stating compliance with web standards or to comply with an application's terms of service. They are sometimes referred to as 88x31 or 80x15, common image resolutions for web buttons.

These were first popularized as "Best viewed in..." buttons by Netscape and Microsoft during the browser wars of the late 1990s. They have seen a resurgence in the early 2020s through websites like Neocities. There are now large collections of buttons linking to personal websites that serve as modern takes on old web culture.

Browser wars
A browser war is a competition for dominance in the usage share of web browsers. The "first browser war" (1995–2001) occurred between Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator, and the "second browser war" (2004–2017) between Internet Explorer, Firefox and Google Chrome.

With the introduction of HTML5 in 2008 and CSS 3 in 2011, a new generation of browser wars began, this time considering extensive client-side scripting to the World Wide Web (WWW), and the more widespread use of smartphones and other mobile devices for web browsing. These changes have ensured that browser battles continue among enthusiasts, while the average web user is less affected.