hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Formigas
Formigas Islets (Portuguese: Ilhéus das Formigas [fuɾˈmiɣɐʃ]; lit. 'Islets of the Ants'), sometimes referred to as the Formigas Bank, are a group of uninhabited rocky outcroppings in the eastern group of the Azores archipelago, an autonomous region of Portugal. The bank is located 43 kilometres (27 mi) northeast of Santa Maria and southeast of São Miguel, covering a surface area of approximately 9,000 square metres (97,000 sq ft). The submerged Dollabarat Reef is in the same area. The only structure on the islets is a lighthouse located on Formigão (Big Ant), the largest islet.

Santa Maria Island
Santa Maria (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈsɐ̃tɐ mɐˈɾi.ɐ]; Portuguese for 'Saint Mary') is an island in the eastern group of the Azores archipelago (south of the island of São Miguel) and the southernmost island in the Azores. The island is known for its white sand beaches, distinctive chimneys, and dry warm weather.
István Vincze (mathematician)
István Vincze ((1912-02-26)February 26, 1912 – (1999-04-18)April 18, 1999) was a Hungarian mathematician, known for his contributions to number theory, non-parametric statistics, empirical distribution, Cramér–Rao inequality, and information theory. Considered by many, as an expert in theoretical and applied statistics, he was the founder of the Mathematical Institute of the Hungarian Academy, and was the Head of the Statistics Department. He also held the post of professor at Faculty of Science of the Eötvös Loránd University. He wrote over 100 academic papers, authored 10 books, and was a speaker at several conferences, including the Berkeley Symposiums in 1960, 1965, and 1970. He received honors and awards like the Hungarian State Prize and Grauss Ehrenplakette in 1966 and 1978 respectively.

Empirical distribution function
In statistics, an empirical distribution function (a.k.a. an empirical cumulative distribution function, eCDF) is the distribution function associated with the empirical measure of a sample. This cumulative distribution function is a step function that jumps up by 1/n at each of the n data points. Its value at any specified value of the measured variable is the fraction of observations of the measured variable that are less than or equal to the specified value.

The empirical distribution function is an estimate of the cumulative distribution function that generated the points in the sample. It converges with probability 1 to that underlying distribution, according to the Glivenko–Cantelli theorem. A number of results exist to quantify the rate of convergence of the empirical distribution function to the underlying cumulative distribution function.
Burt C. Hopkins
Burt C. Hopkins (born February 7, 1954) is an American philosopher. He is a Permanent Faculty member of the Summer School of Phenomenology and Phenomenological Philosophy, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, former Professor and Chair of Philosophy at Seattle University (1989-2016) and Permanent Secretary of the Husserl Circle.

He has been visiting professor at the University of Nanjing, China (2013), visiting professor at the School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences and the Koyré Center, Paris, France (2015–17), Senior Fellow at the Sidney M. Edelstein Center for the History and Philosophy of Science, Technology and Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem (2018), visiting professor at École normale supérieure (Paris) and Paris Sciences et Lettres University (2021) and most recently Researcher at the Institute of Philosophy, Czech Academy of Sciences (2019-2020, 2022) and Professor, Faculty of Humanities, Charles University (Prague).

Seattle University
Seattle University (Seattle U or SU) is a private Jesuit university in Seattle, Washington, United States. It is the largest independent university in the Northwestern United States, with over 7,500 students enrolled in undergraduate and graduate programs within seven schools.
Guanfu Museum
Guanfu Museum (Chinese: 观复博物馆; pinyin: Guānfù Bówùguǎn) is an art museum in Beijing, China. It was founded by Ma Weidu on 30 October 1996, and it was among the first private museums in the People's Republic of China. The Guanfu Museum is a non-profit organization and it has a qualification of Independent Legal Entity.

Art museum
An art museum, or art gallery, is an organization, usually with buildings or spaces for the display of art from the museum's own collection. It might be in public or private ownership, be accessible to all, or have restrictions in place. Although primarily concerned with visual art, art museums are often used as a venue for other cultural exchanges and artistic activities, such as lectures, jewelry, performance arts, music concerts, or poetry readings. Art museums also frequently host themed temporary exhibitions, which often include items on loan from other collections.
Taimen (kayak)
The Taimen is the most popular and common model of a Russian folding kayak. It was and still is a very common boat in its country of origin and has been exported to other nations around the world. The Taimen kayaks have been produced in a military factory in Moscow since 1975, even though the design changed only slightly. It is named after the  taimen, a large species of trout found in Russia and Mongolia.

Hucho taimen
Siberian taimen (Hucho taimen), also known as the common taimen (Russian: Обыкнове́нный тайме́нь, romanized: Obyknovénnyĭ taĭménʹ), Siberian giant trout or Siberian salmon, is a species of salmon-like ray-finned fish from the genus Hucho in the family Salmonidae.  These fish are found in rivers in Siberia and adjacent regions, and are harvested throughout the year.
Speed limits in Hong Kong
The general speed limit in Hong Kong is 50 km/h, which applies to all roads unless signed otherwise.

At present, the 50 km/h limit mostly applies to urban roads and other non-arterial roads in the New Territories. Some mountain roads, most notably on Lantau Island, have a lower 30 km/h limit.

Most urban trunk, distributor and peripheral roads as well as many rural carriageways with higher traffic flow and length have a standard speed limit of 70 km/h, such as Clear Water Bay Road. Newly constructed roads of this category have an 80 km/h limit such as Heung Yuen Wai Highway.

Most urban expressways in Hong Kong have a speed limit of 70 km/h or 80 km/h, while in the New Territories and for the West Kowloon Highway a higher limit of 100 km/h is used. The speed limit of the North Lantau Highway is 110 km/h, which is the highest speed limit in Hong Kong.

North Lantau Highway
The North Lantau Highway is an expressway forming part of Hong Kong's Route 8 motorway, linking Hong Kong International Airport and Lantau Island with the rest of the territory. The road has three lanes in each direction for its entire length with full-width hard shoulders for emergencies and breakdowns. The speed limit is 110 kilometres per hour (68 mph) for most of its length, the highest of any road in Hong Kong.

North Lantau Highway is 12.5 kilometres (7.8 mi) in length, beginning at Airport Road on Chek Lap Kok. The road then crosses onto Lantau Island and bypasses Tung Chung New Town. The road then travels along the northern coast of Lantau Island, next to the Airport Express and Tung Chung line of the Mass Transit Railway (MTR). This section is built on reclaimed land and through various cuttings. Finally, the road climbs over Ta Shui Wan and Tsing Chau Wan to meet the Lantau Link and its bridges.
Ali Akansu
Ali Naci Akansu (born May 6, 1958) is a Turkish-American professor of electrical & computer engineering and scientist in applied mathematics.

He is best known for his contributions to the theory and applications of linear subspace methods including sub-band and wavelet transforms, particularly the binomial QMF (also known as Daubechies wavelet) and the multivariate framework to design statistically optimized filter bank (eigen filter bank).

Turkish Americans
Turkish Americans (Turkish: Türk Amerikalılar) or American Turks (Turkish: Amerikalı Türkler)  are Americans of ethnic Turkish origin. The term "Turkish Americans" can therefore refer to ethnic Turkish immigrants to the United States, as well as their American-born descendants, who originate either from the Ottoman Empire or from post-Ottoman modern nation-states. The majority trace their roots to the Republic of Turkey, however, there are also significant ethnic Turkish communities in the US which descend from the island of Cyprus, the Balkans, North Africa, the Levant and other areas of the former Ottoman Empire. Furthermore, in recent years there has been a significant number of ethnic Turkish people coming to the US from the modern Turkish diaspora (i.e. outside the former Ottoman territories), especially from the Turkish Meskhetian diaspora in Eastern Europe (e.g. from Krasnodar Krai in Russia) and "Euro-Turks" from Central and Western Europe (e.g. Turkish Germans etc.).
Stagecoach Grimsby-Cleethorpes
Stagecoach Grimsby-Cleethorpes is a subdivision of Stagecoach East Midlands that operates buses in and around North East Lincolnshire, England, serving a population of over 150,000. It runs town services in its main hubs of Grimsby and Cleethorpes, as well as services to Immingham and nearby villages.

Market Rasen
Market Rasen (/ˈreɪzən/ RAY-zən) is a market town and civil parish within the West Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. The River Rase runs through it east to west, approximately 16 miles (26 km) north-east from Lincoln, 18 miles (29 km) east from Gainsborough, 14 miles (23 km) west of  Louth, and 16 miles (26 km) south-west from Grimsby. It lies on the main road between Lincoln and Grimsby, the A46, and is famous for its racecourse. In 2001, the town had a population of 3,200.  In the 2011 census, the population of the civil parish was 3,904.
Sigurd Røen
Sigurd Røen (12 February 1909 in Rindal – 17 September 1992) was a Norwegian nordic skier who competed in the 1930s.

He won two gold medals at the 1937 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships in the nordic combined and the 4 × 10 km relay.

FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1937
The FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1937 took place on February 12–18, 1937, in Chamonix, France. The French city hosted the 1924 Winter Olympics which is considered by the FIS as the first FIS Nordic World Ski Championships.
Oudezeele
Oudezeele (French pronunciation: [udəzɛl]; from Flemish; Oudezele in modern Dutch spelling) is a commune in the Nord department in northern France. It is around 45 km north-west of Lille. The population is 690 (as of 2022).

Flemish dialects
Flemish (Vlaams [vlaːms] ⓘ) is a Low Franconian dialect cluster of the Dutch language. It is sometimes referred to as Flemish Dutch (Vlaams-Nederlands), Belgian Dutch (Belgisch-Nederlands [ˈbɛlɣis ˈneːdərlɑnts] ⓘ), or Southern Dutch (Zuid-Nederlands). Flemish is native to the region known as Flanders in northern Belgium; it is spoken by Flemings, the dominant ethnic group of the region. Outside of Belgium Flanders, it is also spoken to some extent in French Flanders and the Dutch Zeelandic Flanders.
2020–21 Prva A liga
The 2020–21 Prva A Liga is the 15th season of the Montenegrin Basketball League, the top tier basketball league on Montenegro. No team from the last season was relegated, while KK Podgorica and KK Pljevlja were promoted. In this season, 8 teams from Montenegro will participate in basketball international competitions which have been the most ever.

Prva A Liga
The Prva A liga, for sponsorships reasons named the Erste Liga, is the top-tier professional basketball league in Montenegro. It is the highest basketball division organized by the Basketball Association of Montenegro (KSCG). It was established in 2006. shortly after Montenegro declared its independence from Serbia and Montenegro.

The league is sponsored by and named after Erste Bank. Currently, two clubs from the area are playing in the regional ABA League. The most successful club in the Prva A liga is Budućnost Podgorica, which has won 14 titles, after winning the 2022 championship.
Podosphaera leucotricha
Podosphaera leucotricha is a species of powdery mildew, a fungal plant pathogen, that infects species in the genera Malus (apples)and Pyrus (pears). It has an almost circumglobal distribution, being found on every continent bar Antarctica.

Plant disease
Plant diseases are diseases in plants caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). Organisms that cause infectious disease include fungi, oomycetes, bacteria, viruses, viroids, virus-like organisms, phytoplasmas, protozoa, nematodes and parasitic plants. Not included are ectoparasites like insects, mites, vertebrates, or other pests that affect plant health by eating plant tissues and causing injury that may admit plant pathogens. The study of plant disease is called plant pathology.
Fencing at the 2015 Pan American Games – Men's épée
The men's épée competition of the fencing events at the 2015 Pan American Games was held on July 21 at the Toronto Pan Am Sports Centre.

The épée competition consisted of a qualification round followed by a single-elimination bracket with a bronze medal match between the two semifinal losers. Fencing was done to 15 touches or to the completion of three three-minute rounds if neither fencer reached 15 touches by then. At the end of time, the higher-scoring fencer was the winner; a tie resulted in an additional one-minute sudden-death time period. This sudden-death period was further modified by the selection of a draw-winner beforehand; if neither fencer scored a touch during the minute, the predetermined draw-winner won the bout.

Épée
The épée (/ˈɛpeɪ, ˈeɪ-/, French: [epe]; lit. 'sword'), also rendered as epee in English, is the largest and heaviest of the three weapons used in the sport of fencing. The modern épée derives from the 19th-century épée de combat, a weapon which itself derives from the French small sword.

As a thrusting weapon, the épée is similar to a foil (contrasted with a sabre, which is designed for slashing). It has a stiffer blade than a foil. It is triangular in cross-section with a V-shaped groove called a fuller. The épée also has a larger bell guard designed to protect the user’s arm. In addition to the larger "bell" guard and blade, the épée weighs more than the foil and sabre which contributes to its reputation of being the slowest form of fencing. The techniques of use differ, as there are no rules regarding priority and a lack of right of way. Thus, immediate counterattacks are a common feature of épée fencing. The entire body is a valid target area.
Ferde Grofé
Ferdinand Rudolph von Grofé (March 27, 1892 –  April 3, 1972), known as Ferde Grofé (/ˈfɜːrdi ɡroʊˈfeɪ/) was an American composer, arranger, pianist, and instrumentalist. He is best known for his 1931 five-movement symphonic poem the Grand Canyon Suite, and for orchestrating George Gershwin's Rhapsody in Blue for its 1924 premiere.

During the 1920s and 1930s, he went by the name Ferdie Grofé.

The Return of Jesse James
The Return of Jesse James is a 1950 American Western film directed by Arthur Hilton and starring John Ireland, Ann Dvorak and Henry Hull. It was produced and distributed by the independent Lippert Pictures. The film's art direction was led by Frank Paul Sylos and Vin Taylor.
Tiger blood
Tiger blood or tiger's blood can refer to:

the blood of a tiger

Tiger's blood, a flavor of frozen desserts also called tiger blood

a phrase used by actor Charlie Sheen

"Tiger Blood", a track on the single Wetsuit / Tiger Blood by the Vaccines

"Tiger Blood", a 2013 album by The Quill

Tiger Blood, a sequel novel to The Tiger's Apprentice by Laurence Yep

Tigers Blood, a 2024 album by Waxahatchee

Wetsuit / Tiger Blood
"Wetsuit / Tiger Blood" is a single from English indie rock band the Vaccines from their debut album, What Did You Expect from The Vaccines?. The single was released in the United Kingdom as a digital download on 11 December 2011. It was also released as on 7" vinyl limited to 500 copies. The single debuted at number 164 on the UK Singles Chart.
Reinhard Döhl
Reinhard Döhl (16 September 1934 – 29 May 2004) was a German writer and scholar in the fields of literature and media studies, also remembered as a poet and artist.

Though chiefly associated with his actual name, he also worked under the pseudonym Traugott Schneider.

Media studies
Media studies is a discipline and field of study that deals with the content, history, and effects of various media; in particular, the mass media. Media studies may draw on traditions from both the social sciences and the humanities, but it mostly draws from its core disciplines of mass communication, communication, communication sciences, and communication studies.

Researchers may also develop and employ theories and methods from disciplines including cultural studies, rhetoric (including digital rhetoric), philosophy, literary theory, psychology, political science, political economy, economics, sociology, anthropology, social theory, art history and criticism, film theory, and information theory.
Verkhneblagoveshchenskoye
Verkhneblagoveshchenskoye (Russian: Верхнеблаговещенское) is a rural locality (a selo) in Chigirinsky Selsoviet of Blagoveshchensky District, Amur Oblast, Russia. The population was 703 as of 2018. There are 18 streets.

Blagoveshchensky District, Amur Oblast
Blagoveshchensky District  (Russian: Благове́щенский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty in Amur Oblast, Russia. The area of the district is 3,060 square kilometers (1,180 sq mi). Its administrative center is the city of Blagoveshchensk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 19,641 (2010 Census); 18,673 (2002 Census); 18,192 (1989 Soviet census).
One (Sky Ferreira song)
"One" is a song by American singer Sky Ferreira. The song was written by Ferreira, Christian Karlsson, Pontus Winnberg, Magnus Lidehäll, Marit Bergman, and Pontus Winnberg, and produced by Bloodshy & Avant. It was released as a single on August 20, 2010.

Magnus Lidehäll
Magnus Lidehäll is a Swedish award-winning producer, composer, and songwriter. He works closely with the songwriting duo Vargas & Lagola – with whom he won the composer of the year award at the Swedish Grammy Awards in 2014. Together they have produced, written, and/or co-written songs for Madonna, Wyclef Jean & Avicii ("Divine Sorrow"), Veronica Maggio and Petter, to name a few.
1978 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship final
The 1978 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship final was a hurling match played at the Gaelic Grounds, Limerick on 8 October 1978 to determine the winners of the 1978 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship, the 15th season of the All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship, a tournament organised by the Gaelic Athletic Association for the champion teams of the four provinces of Ireland. The final was contested by Galway of Connacht and Tipperary of Munster, with the game ending in a 3–5 to 2–8 draw. The replay took place on 29 October 1978, with Galway winning by 3–15 to 2–8.

Provinces of Ireland
There are four provinces of Ireland: Connacht, Leinster, Munster and Ulster. The Irish word for this territorial division, cúige, meaning "fifth part", suggests that there were once five, and at times Meath has been considered to be the fifth province. In the medieval period, however, there were often more than five. The number of provinces and their delineation fluctuated until 1610, when they were permanently set by the administration of James I. The provinces of Ireland no longer serve administrative or political purposes but function as historical and cultural entities.
Boccia at the 2019 Parapan American Games
Boccia competitions at the 2019 Parapan American Games in Lima were held from August 29 to September 1 at the Polideportivo Villa El Salvador. All Boccia competitions were mixed (men and women competed together equally).

Boccia
Boccia (/ˈbɒtʃə/ BOTCH-ə) is a precision ball sport, similar to bocce, and related to bowls and pétanque. The name "boccia" is derived from the Latin word for "boss" – bottia. The sport is contested at local, national and international levels by athletes with severe physical disabilities.  It was originally designed to be played by people with cerebral palsy but now includes athletes with other severe disabilities affecting motor skills.  In 1984, it became a Paralympic sport and as of 2020, 75 boccia national organizations have joined one or more of the international organizations. Boccia is governed by the Boccia International Sports Federation (BISFed) and is one of two Paralympic sports (along with goalball) that have no counterpart in the Olympic program, although it is a Paralympic variant of bocce (boules).
Hugo Boumous
Adnan Hugo Boumous (born 24 July 1995) is a French professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Malaysia Super League club Selangor, on loan from Indian Super League club, Odisha. He is best known for his passing and playmaking.

Malaysia Super League
The Malaysia Super League (Malay: Liga Super Malaysia), known simply as the Super League (Malay: Liga Super), is the men's top professional football division of the Malaysian football league system. Administered by the Football Malaysia Limited Liability Partnership (FMLLP), now known as the Malaysian Football League (MFL), the Malaysia Super League is contested by 13 clubs. Until 2022, it operated on a system of promotion and relegation with the Malaysia Premier League, with the two lowest-placed teams relegated and replaced by the promoted top two teams in that division. It has replaced the former top-tier league, Liga Perdana 1, which ran from 1998 to 2003.

37 clubs have competed since the inception of the Malaysia Super League in 2004, with eight winning the title (Selangor, Kedah Darul Aman, Kelantan, Sri Pahang, Perlis, Negeri Sembilan, LionsXII and Johor Darul Ta'zim). The current champions are Johor Darul Ta'zim, which won their eleventh title in the 2024–25 edition.
Krishna Arjune
Krishna Arjune (born 3 September 1980) is a former Guyanese cricketer who represented Guyana and West Indies B in West Indian domestic cricket. He played as a right-handed opening batsman.

Arjune was born in Unity Village, in Guyana's Demerara-Mahaica region. His younger brother, Vishal Arjune, also played cricket at a high level. Arjune made his first-class debut in the 2001–02 Busta Cup, playing for West Indies B (an under-23 development team). In his second match of the tournament, against Trinidad and Tobago, he scored 109 not out and carried his bat. For the 2002–03 season, Arjune secured a contract with Guyana. He played seven seasons in total with the national team, with his final appearances coming in the 2008–09 Regional Four Day Competition. Arjune's highest first-class score came in the 2005–06 Carib Beer Cup, when he made 157 from 291 balls against the Leeward Islands.

Demerara-Mahaica
Demerara-Mahaica (Region 4) is a region of Guyana, bordering the Atlantic Ocean to the north, the region of Mahaica-Berbice to the east, the region of Upper Demerara-Berbice to the south and the region of Essequibo Islands-West Demerara to the west.

It contains the country's capital Georgetown. Notable villages in the region include Buxton, Enmore, Victoria and Paradise.
Seymour line
The Seymour line is a regional passenger rail service operated by V/Line in Victoria, Australia. It serves 13 stations towards its terminus in the regional city of Seymour. It is the fifth most-used regional rail service in Victoria (behind the Gippsland, Bendigo, Ballarat, and Geelong services), carrying 1.75 million passengers in the 2023–2024 financial year.

Beyond Seymour, the Shepparton line continues further north to Shepparton; and the Albury line continues north-east to its terminus at Albury, just over the border in New South Wales.

Albury railway station
Albury railway station is a heritage-listed railway station at Railway Place, Albury, New South Wales, Australia, adjacent to the border with Victoria, in Australia. It was designed under the direction of John Whitton and built from 1880 to 1881. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register in 1999.