hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Robert B. Hansen
Robert B. Hansen (August 13, 1925 – December 25, 2005) was an American politician who served as the Attorney General of Utah from 1977 to 1981.

Although born in Idaho, Hansen was raised in Merced, California. During World War II he joined the navy and studied at the University of New Mexico. He then went to the University of California, Hastings College of Law. He moved to Salt Lake City in 1950 where he began to practice law. He became assistant attorney general of Utah in 1969.

He died on December 25, 2005, in Salt Lake City, Utah at age 80.
Hansen was attorney general at the time of the execution of Gary Gilmore.

Hansen was a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. He served as bishop of the Monument Park 7th ward on the east side of Salt Lake City.

University of California College of the Law, San Francisco
The University of California College of the Law, San Francisco (UC Law SF or UC Law) is a public law school in San Francisco. Formerly known as the University of California, Hastings College of the Law (UC Hastings), the school was founded in 1878 by Serranus Clinton Hastings, the first chief justice of the Supreme Court of California. It was the first law school of the University of California and one of the first law schools established in California. Although part of the University of California, UC Law SF is not directly governed by the Regents of the University of California.
Jacob Marley
Jacob Marley is a fictional character in Charles Dickens's 1843 novella A Christmas Carol. Marley is the former business partner of Ebenezer Scrooge, the novella's protagonist; he is seven years deceased at the story's opening. On Christmas Eve, Scrooge is visited by Marley's ghost, who wanders the Earth entwined by heavy chains and money boxes due to a lifetime of greed and selfishness. Marley informs Scrooge that he has a single chance of redemption: he will be visited by three spirits in the hope that he will mend his ways. Otherwise, he will be cursed to carry chains of his own.

Redemption (theology)
Redemption is an essential concept in many religions, including Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. The term implies that something has been paid for or bought back, like a slave who has been set free through the payment of a ransom.
George Gibbs (rugby union)
George Anthony Gibbs (31 March 1920 – 26 February 2001) was an English international rugby union player.

Gibbs was a pupil at Clifton College from 1929 to 1938. He gained colours in five different sports and his three years with the first XV included a season as captain. As a soldier with the 44th Royal Tank Regiment, Gibbs served in India and Burma during World War II. He was mentioned in dispatches.

A prop, Gibbs played his early rugby for local sides Bristol United and Imperial, before establishing a place for himself with the Bristol Football Club in 1947. He was capped twice for England, playing home Five Nations fixtures against France in 1947 and Ireland in 1948, with his brother Nigel also later capped as an England fullback.

Gibbs was a good enough cricketer to play for the Gloucestershire Second XI.

Bristol Bears
Bristol Bears (officially Bristol Rugby Club or Bristol Rugby) are a professional men's rugby union club based in Bristol, England.  They play in the Gallagher PREM, England's top division of rugby.

The club was founded as "Bristol Football Club" in 1888; between 1921 and 2014, home matches were played at the Memorial Ground, and have since been played at Ashton Gate Stadium in the south-west of the city.  The current head coach Pat Lam was appointed in 2017.  In the 2024–25 season Bristol finished 4th, losing in the play off semi-finals, entitling them to compete in the 2025-26 European Rugby Champions Cup.

In 2018, the club rebranded as "Bristol Bears"; between 2001 and 2005 the club were known as "Bristol Shoguns" due to a sponsorship deal with Mitsubishi.

Bristol won the 1983 John Player Cup and have also won England's second division four times, most recently in 2017–18. In 2019–2020, Bristol won The European Challenge Cup for the first time.
Citizen's Charter and Grievance Redressal Bill, 2011
The Citizen's Charter and Grievance Redressal Bill 2011 also known as The Right of Citizens for Time Bound Delivery of Goods and Services and Redressal of their Grievances Bill, 2011 or Citizens Charter Bill was  proposed  by Indian central legislation. It was tabled by V. Narayanasamy, Minister of State for Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions, in Lok Sabha in December 2011. The bill lapsed due to dissolution of the 15th Lok Sabha.

15th Lok Sabha
Members of the 15th Lok Sabha were elected during the 2009 general election in India. It was dissolved on 18 May 2014 by President Pranab Mukherjee.

Indian National Congress-led United Progressive Alliance won 44 more seats than the previous 14th Lok Sabha. The next 16th Lok Sabha was convened after 2014 Indian general election.

The Second Manmohan Singh ministry introduced a total of 222 Bills (apart from Finance and Appropriations Bills) in the 15th Lok Sabha. A total of 165 Bills were passed by the House, including bills introduced in previous Lok Sabhas.

14 sitting members from Rajya Sabha, the Upper House of Indian Parliament, were elected to 15th Lok Sabha after the 2009 Indian general election.
Paradise Lost (Penderecki)
Paradise Lost is an opera in two acts with music by Krzysztof Penderecki and an English libretto by Christopher Fry.  The opera is based on the 1667 epic poem of the same name by Milton.  Penderecki himself characterized the work as a Sacra Rappresentazione (sacred representation) rather than an opera.  He wrote the opera on commission for the 1976 US Bicentennial celebrations.  The first performance took place on 29 November 1978, at the Lyric Opera of Chicago.  The same production was presented at La Scala, Milan, on 31 January 1979.

The opera is set in heaven, hell, and on earth at the dawn of creation, and is divided into 42 scenes.

Lyric Opera of Chicago
The Lyric Opera of Chicago is an American opera company based in Chicago, Illinois.  The company was founded in Chicago in 1954, under the name 'Lyric Theatre of Chicago' by Carol Fox, Nicola Rescigno and Lawrence Kelly, with a season that included Maria Callas's American debut in Norma.  Fox re-organized the company in 1956 under its present name.  Lyric is housed in a theater and related spaces in the Civic Opera Building.  These spaces are now owned by Lyric.
One Hunid
One Hunid is the only studio album by American short-lived hip-hop trio The Product. It was released on February 21, 2006, via Koch Records. The album was produced by Tone Capone, John Bido, The Alchemist, P. King "The Specialist", and members Scarface and Young Malice. In the United States, the album peaked at number 78 on the Billboard 200, number 14 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums, and number 5 on both the Top Rap Albums and Independent Albums charts. The album was met with generally favorable reviews from music critics.

MNRK Music Group
MNRK Music Group (pronounced "monarch"), formerly known as Koch Records and Entertainment One (eOne) Music, is an American independent record label and music management company based in New York City. It was formed in 1987 as a music division of Koch Entertainment, which was acquired by and absorbed into Entertainment One (or eOne for short) in 2004. eOne was acquired by toy and multimedia company Hasbro in 2019, absorbed its family brands division in the process and announced the sale of this division to the Blackstone Group in April 2021, which then adopted this name. Hasbro then sold the remains of eOne to Lionsgate, who then rebranded it initially as eOne Canada and then Lionsgate Canada.

MNRK owns the libraries of Artemis Records, Dualtone Records, Last Gang Records and Prosthetic Records.
Vostochny Port (company)
JSC "Vostochny Port" is the largest stevedoring company in Russia, specialising in coal transshipment using automated conveyor equipment. The level of automation of operations is 100%. The port's main cargo is coal mined in Kuzbass, Eastern Siberia and the Far East. More than 99% of cargo is exported, primarily to countries in the Asia-Pacific region which include mainly South Korea, Japan, and China. It is the largest coal terminal in Russia. In 2016, the company shipped 23.5 million tonnes of coal, which is about 30% of the Far East ports' cargo turnover and about 20% of the cargo turnover of all coal ports in Russia. The sole executive body of JSC "Vostochny Port" is "Managing Port Company", LLC.

The harbor, which remains ice-free even in the most severe winters, and reaches depths of 22 meters in the fairway, allows large-capacity, Capesize-type vessels of 180 thousand tonnes DWT to enter for loading. The port is remote from residential and industrial areas.

Dockworker
A dockworker (also called a docker, longshoreman, lumper, stevedore, wharfie, or wharfman) is a waterfront manual laborer who loads and unloads ships.

As a result of the intermodal shipping container revolution, the required number of dockworkers has declined by over 90% since the 1960s.
Bolo knife
A bolo (Tagalog: iták/gulok, Ilocano: bunéng, Ibanag: badáng/aliwa, Pangasinan: baráng, Kapampangan: paláng, Bikol: tabák/minasbad, Cebuano: súndang/kampilan, Waray: sansibar, Hiligaynon: sandúko/binangon, Aklan: talibong) is a general term for traditional pre-colonial small- to medium-sized single-edged swords or large knives of the Philippines that function both as tools and weapons. Bolos are characterized by a wide curved blade that narrows down to the hilt, and that comes with a pointed or a blunt tip.

Bolos are sometimes incorrectly described as a type of machete (as bolo machete), due to their similarities in use and shape. But bolos are not related to the machete. Bolos are pre-colonial in origin and have very different characteristics. The most obvious physical difference between the two is the shape of the cutting edge, which is typically curved in bolos and more or less straight in machetes.

Bikol languages
The Bikol languages or Bicolano languages are a group of Central Philippine languages spoken mostly in the Bicol Peninsula in the southeastern part of Luzon, the neighboring island-province of Catanduanes, and the island of Burias in Masbate.
Sagittaria cuneata
Sagittaria cuneata is a North American species of flowering plant in the water plantain family known by the common name arumleaf arrowhead or duck potato. Like some other Sagittaria species, it may be called wapato.

Alismataceae
The water-plantains (Alismataceae) are a family of flowering plants, comprising 20 genera (17 extant and 3 fossil) and 119 species. The family has a cosmopolitan distribution, with the greatest number of species in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Most of the species are herbaceous aquatic plants growing in marshes and ponds.
Superior hypophysial artery
The superior hypophyseal artery is an artery supplying the pars tuberalis, the infundibulum of the pituitary gland, and the median eminence. It is a branch of the ophthalmic part of the internal carotid artery.

Anterior pituitary
The anterior pituitary (also called the adenohypophysis or pars anterior) is a major organ of the endocrine system. The anterior pituitary is the glandular, anterior lobe that together with the posterior pituitary (or neurohypophysis) makes up the pituitary gland (hypophysis) which, in humans, is located at the base of the brain, protruding off the bottom of the hypothalamus.

The anterior pituitary regulates several physiological processes, including stress, growth, reproduction, and lactation. Proper functioning of the anterior pituitary and of the organs it regulates can often be ascertained via blood tests that measure hormone levels.
James F. Keane
James Francis Keane (August 8, 1934 – April 12, 2020) was an American politician and educator.

Keane was born in Chicago, Illinois and graduated from Archbishop Quigley Preparatory Seminary. Keane served in the United States Army. He graduated from Loyola University Chicago, Roosevelt University, and Nova Southeastern University. He taught at Leo Catholic High School from 1961 to 1968, at Chicago State University from 1972 to 1975, and had a fellowship at the University of Illinois in Champaign-Urbana in the early 1990s. He also worked for the City of Chicago as director of resource mobilization from 1970 to 1972. Keane served in the Illinois House of Representatives from 1979 to 1992 and was a Democrat. He died in Chicago, Illinois.

Roosevelt University
Roosevelt University is a private university in Chicago, Illinois, United States. Founded in 1945, it was named in honor of United States president Franklin Delano Roosevelt and first lady Eleanor Roosevelt. The university consists of four colleges: the Chicago College of Performing Arts; the College of Humanities, Education & Social Sciences; the College of Science, Health and Pharmacy; and the Walter E. Heller College of Business.

The university also has a campus in Schaumburg, Illinois. The university's newest academic building, Wabash, is located in the Loop in downtown Chicago. It is the tallest educational building in Chicago, the second tallest educational building in the United States, and the fourth-largest academic complex in the world.
2013 Sungai Limau by-election
A by-election was held for the Kedah State Assembly seat of Sungai Limau on 4 November 2013 with nomination day on 23 October 2013. The seat was vacated after the death of the incumbent five-term assemblyman and former Menteri Besar of Kedah, Azizan Abdul Razak on 26 September 2013 from heart complications. Tan Sri Azizan was an assemblyman from the Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party and the first PAS Menteri Besar of Kedah.

On 21 October, Barisan Nasional made announcement that Dr Ahmad Sohaimi Lazim, lecturer in Sultan Idris University of Education has been named as BN candidate  while PAS named Jerai PAS Youth chief Mohd Azam Samad as PAS candidate.  The election was seen as a sort of referendum on current BN Menteri Besar of Kedah, Mukhriz Mahathir who failed in his bid to be elected as UMNO vice-president in the UMNO polls on 19 October 2013.

The by election was won by Mohd Azam Samad with a reduced majority of 1,084 votes.

Azizan Abdul Razak
Azizan bin Abdul Razak (25 October 1944 – 26 September 2013) was a Malaysian politician who served as the 10th Menteri Besar (Chief Minister) of the state of Kedah from 2008 to 2013. A member of the Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS), he was the first Chief Minister of Kedah from a party other than the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO). He held the seat of Sungai Limau in the Kedah state assembly from 2004 until his death in 2013. He was also the state commissioner for PAS in Kedah and a member of the central committee of the national party.
Jim Redman
James Albert Redman, MBE (born 8 November 1931) is a Rhodesian former professional motorcycle racer. He competed in Grand Prix motorcycle racing from 1959 to 1966. Redman is notable for being a six-time Grand Prix road racing world champion. In 2012, the F.I.M. inducted Redman into the MotoGP Hall of Fame.

Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme
The International Motorcycling Federation (Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme) or (FIM) is the global governing/sanctioning body of motorcycle racing. It represents 123 national motorcycle federations that are divided into six continental unions.

There are ten motorcycle-racing disciplines that FIM covers, encompassing 62 international championships as well as 188 secondary championships of circuit racing, enduro, Speedway Racing, Trials, Off-Roading, Motorcross, Supercross, Sno-Cross, Sidecars, and E-Bikes. FIM is also involved in many non-racing activities that promote the sport, its safety, and support relevant public policy. The FIM is also the first international sporting federation to publish an Environmental Code, in 1994. In 2007, a Commission for Women in Motorcycling was created by the FIM in order to promote the use of powered two-wheelers and the motorcycle sport among women.
2-Naphthol
2-Naphthol, or β-naphthol, is a fluorescent colorless (or occasionally yellow) crystalline solid with the formula C10H7OH. It is an isomer of 1-naphthol, differing by the location of the hydroxyl group on the naphthalene ring. The naphthols are naphthalene homologues of phenol, but more reactive. Both isomers are soluble in simple alcohols, ethers, and chloroform. 2-Naphthol is a widely used intermediate for the production of dyes and other compounds.

Alcohol (chemistry)
In chemistry, an alcohol (from Arabic  al-kuḥl 'the kohl') is a type of organic compound that carries at least one hydroxyl (−OH) functional group bound to a saturated carbon atom. Alcohols range from the simple, like methanol and ethanol, to complex, like sugar alcohols and cholesterol. The presence of an OH group strongly modifies the properties of hydrocarbons, conferring hydrophilic (water-attracted) properties.  The OH group provides a site at which many reactions can occur.
Eremophila anomala
Eremophila anomala, commonly known as Paroo poverty bush, is a plant in the figwort family, Scrophulariaceae and is endemic to two small areas in central Western Australia. It occurs with other species of Eremophila growing in clay loam on basalt outcrops near Paroo.

Scrophulariaceae
The Scrophulariaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the figwort family.  The plants are annual and perennial herbs, as well as shrubs.  Flowers have bilateral (zygomorphic) or rarely radial  (actinomorphic) symmetry.  The Scrophulariaceae have a cosmopolitan distribution, with the majority found in temperate areas, including tropical mountains.  The family name is based on the name of the included genus Scrophularia L.
Tina Charles (basketball)
Tina Alexandria Charles (born December 5, 1988) is an American professional basketball player for the Connecticut Sun of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) and Athletes Unlimited Pro Basketball. Originally from Jamaica, Queens, New York City, Charles was drafted first overall in the 2010 WNBA draft by the Connecticut Sun. In 2009 and 2010, she and teammate Maya Moore led the Connecticut Huskies to two undefeated national championships. She has won three Olympic gold medals with Team USA and was inducted into the NYC Basketball Hall of Fame at the head of the Class of 2024 - the first female to head a class at any major basketball hall of fame and the first active player ever inducted.

Charles is considered by many to be the best player in WNBA history not to have appeared in the Finals. Charles became the second all time scorer in WNBA history on August 21, 2024.

2010 WNBA draft
The 2010 WNBA draft is the league's annual process for determining which teams receive the rights to negotiate with players entering the league. The draft was held on April 8, 2010. The first round was shown on ESPN2 (HD), while the second and third rounds were shown on NBA TV and ESPNU.

A lottery was held on November 5, 2009. The Minnesota Lynx received the first overall selection of the draft. The Sacramento Monarchs received the number two selection. The Connecticut Sun came up with the third overall selection, followed by the Minnesota Lynx again at four, and the Chicago Sky at number five.

Additionally, on December 14, 2009, the WNBA held a dispersal draft to re-assign players from the Sacramento Monarchs who folded at the end of 2009 WNBA season. Since the Monarchs folded after the draft lottery took place, their pick was simply eliminated.
Oracle of the Lamb
The Oracle of the Lamb is an ancient Egyptian prophetic text written on a papyrus in Demotic Egyptian and dated to the thirty-third year of the reign of the Roman Emperor Augustus (r. 27 BC – 14 AD). In it, a lamb speaks and provides prophecies to a man named Pasenhor. The lamb describes a world turned upside-down and reduced to chaos: temples are in disarray, the ruler has now become the ruled, and the Medes (i.e. referring to the Persian domination of Egypt) have come to destroy Egypt. It also mentions that the Greeks (i.e. referring to the Ptolemaic domination of Egypt) will take the White Crown (representing pharaonic Upper Egypt). The story is comparable in style, tone, and subject matter to prophetic texts of the Middle Kingdom of Egypt, such as the Prophecy of Neferti.

History of Persian Egypt
The history of Persian Egypt refers to the two periods when ancient Egypt was controlled by the Achaemenid Empire:

Twenty-seventh Dynasty of Egypt (525–404 BC), established by the first Achaemenid conquest of Egypt.

Thirty-first Dynasty of Egypt (343–332 BC), established by the second Achaemenid conquest of Egypt.

These two periods of satrapies were punctuated by a brief interval of Egyptian independence from 404 BC to 343 BC.
Gastrotheca litonedis
Gastrotheca litonedis is a species of frog in the family Hemiphractidae.
It is endemic to Ecuador.
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical high-altitude shrubland, subtropical or tropical high-altitude grassland, rivers, and intermittent freshwater marshes.
It is threatened by habitat loss.

Hemiphractidae
The Hemiphractidae are a family of frogs from South and Central America.  Previously, this group had been classified as a subfamily (Hemiphractinae) under family Hylidae.  More recent research classifies these genera into their own family, or sometimes into three separate families: Amphignathodontidae (Flectonotus and Gastrotheca), Cryptobatrachidae (Cryptobatrachus and Stefania), and Hemiphractidae (Hemiphractus and Fritziana).  An active question still exists as to which of these groupings is more accurate.
Arena Football: Road to Glory
Arena Football: Road to Glory is a PlayStation 2 video game developed by Electronic Arts (under their EA Sports brand). It was released on February 22, 2007, and was the follow-up to their first Arena Football video game. The cover features fullback/linebacker Bob McMillen, from ArenaBowl XX's champion team, the Chicago Rush. The game includes all the rules, rosters, and teams for the AFL season. For the first time the Arena Football minor league, af2, is included in the series.

ArenaBowl XX
ArenaBowl XX, held on Sunday, June 11, 2006, was played to determine the championship of the 2006 season of the Arena Football League (AFL). For the second consecutive year, the game was played at the neutral site of the Thomas & Mack Center in Paradise, Nevada. It pitted the National Conference Champions, the Orlando Predators, against the American Conference Champions, the Chicago Rush. The Chicago Rush won 69–61. This game was televised on AFL on NBC, and was the final game played under the AFL's contract with NBC.
Springfield Model 1888
The Springfield Model 1888 was a trapdoor breechblock service rifle  produced by the Springfield Armory for the United States military. Introduced in 1888, it was the final design in a long line of such weapons using a design developed by Erskine S. Allin in the 1860s, and the last single-shot rifle to see American military service.

Despite the replacement of the trapdoor rifles by the adoption of newer repeating rifles, they were manufactured until 1893 and saw combat during the Spanish–American War, a combat that was dominated by the newer Springfield Krag–Jørgensen bolt action rifle. The Model 1888, despite its aged technology, was built in large numbers and was also the most advanced and efficient of all the Springfield trapdoor rifles, and  for this reason remains popular among military enthusiasts.

Trapdoor mechanism
In firearms, a trapdoor is a form of breech-loading mechanism for rifles in which a hinged breechblock rotates up and forward, resembling the movement of a trapdoor. The Springfield models 1865 and 1873 were best known for first employing this type of action.