hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Zalul Environmental Association
Zalul Environmental Association (Or in short "Zalul",צלול, lit:clear) is an Israeli  environmental group founded in 1999 with the goal protecting the seas and rivers of Israel through conservation, activism, research, awareness-raising and education. Zalul seeks to put a stop to the spillage of sewage and other toxic waste into Israel's rivers through legal and legislative reforms.

Toxic waste
Toxic waste is any unwanted material in all forms that can cause harm (e.g. by being inhaled, swallowed, or absorbed through the skin). Mostly generated by industry, consumer products like televisions, computers, and phones contain toxic chemicals that can pollute the air and contaminate soil and water. Disposing of such waste is a major public health issue. Increased rates of cancer in humans and animals are linked to exposure to toxic chemicals. Toxic waste disposal is often seen as an environmental justice problem, as toxic waste is disproportionately dumped in or near marginalized communities.
Berg River
The Berg River (also called Great Berg River or in Afrikaans: Bergrivier) is a river located just north of Cape Town in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. It is approximately 294 km (183 mi) long with a catchment area of 7,715 km2 (2,979 sq mi) and empties into the Atlantic Ocean. About 65% of the Berg River area is under agriculture. The major towns in the Berg River area are Velddrif and Laaiplek near the coast, and Piketberg, Hopefield, Moorreesburg and Darling further inland.

Hopefield, South Africa
Hopefield is a settlement in West Coast District Municipality in the Western Cape province of South Africa on the R45 between Malmesbury and Vredenburg. The town lies east of Saldanha Bay and Langebaan, 40 km (25 mi) southeast of Vredenburg and 120 km (75 mi) north of Cape Town.
Usk Reservoir
The Usk Reservoir (Welsh: Cronfa Wysg) is located in the upper Usk Valley, at 1,006 feet (307 m) above sea level, in the western part of the Brecon Beacons National Park, Wales. The county boundary between Carmarthenshire and Powys runs through the reservoir which lies about six miles to the north of the Black Mountain escarpment. It is an important landmark for walkers on the mountain range.

Black Mountain (range)
The Black Mountain (Welsh: Y Mynydd Du) is a mountain range in South, Mid and West Wales, straddling the county boundary between Carmarthenshire and Powys and forming the westernmost range of the Brecon Beacons National Park. Its highest point is Fan Brycheiniog at 802 metres or 2,631 ft. The Black Mountain also forms a part of the Fforest Fawr Geopark.
Etlingera purpurea
Etlingera purpurea is a monocotyledonous plant species that was first described by Adolph Daniel Edward Elmer, and given its current name from Axel Dalberg Poulsen. Etlingera purpurea is part of the genus Etlingera and the family Zingiberaceae. No subspecies are listed in the Catalog of Life.

Zingiberaceae
Zingiberaceae, the ginger family, is a family of flowering plants containing 58 genera and about 1600 described species distributed globally in the tropics and subtropics. They are aromatic perennial herbs with creeping rhizomes, sometimes tuberous. Basal leaf sheathing forms a pseudostem taller than their true stems which emerge unbranched. Flowers are typically zygomorphic (bilaterally symmetrical) and inflorescence is raceme. Fruit is typically a dry capsule and seeds are arillate.

Ancient fossils and phylogenetics indicate the Zingiberaceae evolved in Africa during the mid-Cretaceous period. The dispersal of these plants across Asia, the Americas, and Australia followed the expansion of tropical rain forest habitat soon after this period.
I Am Not Sidney Poitier
I Am Not Sidney Poitier (2009) is a novel by American writer Percival Everett. Originally published by Graywolf Press, in 2020 it was published by Influx Press in the UK. It explores the tumultuous life of a character named Not Sidney Poitier as the social hierarchy scrambles to balance his skin color with his wealth.

Each adventure reflects a prominent film starring Sidney Poitier, such as The Defiant Ones or Guess Who's Coming to Dinner, and incorporates a significant twist. The novel reflects a Post-black writing style by parodying the traditions of Black literature.

Influx Press
Influx Press is an independent British publishing company, based in north London, founded in 2012 by Gary Budden and Kit Caless. They are known for publishing "innovative and challenging fiction, poetry and creative non-fiction from across the UK and beyond".
HJ-10
HJ-10 (or "Red Arrow 10") is a Chinese ground-launched anti-tank missile developed by Norinco. It has a tandem high-explosive anti-tank (HEAT) warhead, that may penetrate 1,400 mm (55 in) of conventional steel armour protected by explosive reactive armour. The maximum range is 10 km (6.2 mi), with pre- or post-launch lock-on. The system is analogous to Israel's Spike-ER, Serbia's ALAS and North Korea's Bulsae-4 multi-purpose wire-guided missiles.

Reactive armour
Reactive armour is a type of vehicle armour used for protecting vehicles, especially modern tanks, against anti-vehicle armour-piercing munitions.

Reactive armour is most effective against shaped charges and hardened kinetic energy penetrators. When a shaped charge strikes the upper plate of the armour, it detonates the inner explosive, releasing blunt damage that the tank can absorb.

The most common type is explosive reactive armour (ERA), but variants include self-limiting explosive reactive armour (SLERA), non-energetic reactive armour (NERA), non-explosive reactive armour (NxRA), and electric armour. NERA and NxRA modules can withstand multiple hits, unlike ERA and SLERA.

Reactive armour can be defeated with multiple hits in the same place, often achieved with tandem-charge weapons, which fire two or more shaped charges in rapid succession.
John Rankin (Canadian politician)
John Rankin (October 1820 – 3 September 1900) was a hotelier, merchant and political figure in Ontario, Canada. He represented Renfrew North in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1869 as a Conservative.

He was born in New Glasgow, Nova Scotia, the son of Colin Rankin and Mary Robertson, and was educated in Carleton, Nova Scotia. Rankin later settled in Cobden, Ontario. He married Margaret Johnston. Rankin served six years as reeve of Ross Township. He resigned his seat in the House of Commons in 1869 to allow Francis Hincks to be elected. Rankin was warden of Renfrew County from 1865 to 1866. He served as customs collector for Bowmanville from 1870 to 1895.

He died after a long illness in 1900.

Renfrew County
Renfrew County is a county and census division in the Canadian province of Ontario. It is located on the west bank of the Ottawa River. There are 17 municipalities in the county. Its county seat is Pembroke, which is geographically within the county but administered independently.
Geerlings
Geerlings is a Dutch surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ariana Geerlings (born 2005), Spanish tennis player

Edgar A. Geerlings (born 1937), American politician

Gerald K. Geerlings (1897–1998), American artist

Jennifer Geerlings-Simons (born 1953), Surinamese physician and politician

Jörg Geerlings (born 1972), German lawyer

Renae Geerlings (born 1974), American actress

Ariana Geerlings
Ariana Geerlings Martínez (born 1 September 2005) is a Spanish professional tennis player. She has career-high rankings of No. 308 in singles, achieved on 28 July 2025, and No. 440 in doubles, achieved on 9 June 2025.
Oliva (river)
Oliva  (Fiume Oliva in Italian; Jumu d'Oliva in local dialect) is a river in Calabria, Southern Italy. On the southern Tyrrhenian side, within the municipality of Amantea (specifically, the frazioni Coreca and Campora San Giovanni) in the Province of Cosenza, which gives its name to the entire valley it flows through (the Olivo valley). It is considered part of the Scala Basin, which contains an aquifer. It was in news for the alleged environmental pollution associated with the beaching of the "Jolly Rosso" on 14 December 1990 and its subsequent breaking in 1991. The river was again in the news in 2011 as an investigation into possible illegal dumping of hazardous waste (including Cesium 137) in the river was undertaken and reported to the European Union.

Province of Cosenza
The province of Cosenza (Italian: provincia di Cosenza) is a province in the region of Calabria in Italy. Its capital is the city of Cosenza. It has a population of 669,239 across its 150 municipalities.

The province of Cosenza contains a community of Occitan language (also known as Langue d'oc) speakers in Guardia Piemontese: it was formed by Vaudoi or Waldensian movement members, who moved to Cosenza to avoid religious persecution, in the 13th and 14th centuries. Many of the Arbëreshë Albanians of Italy live in the province, since arriving in the 16th century to flee the religious persecution undertaken by the Ottoman Empire.
Medical bag
A medical bag (also called a doctor's bag or physician's bag) is a portable bag used by a physician or other medical professional to transport medical supplies and medicine.

Traditionally, the medical bag was made of leather, opened on the top with a split-handle design. During the American Civil War, physician's medical saddle bags were used. Modern medical bags are made of various materials and come in various designs that can include many pockets, pouches, and zippered or hook-and-loop openings.

Indigenous North American medicine men and shamans use a medicine bag. A battle bag is used in the military.

Zipper
A zipper (N. America), zip, zip fastener (UK), formerly known as a clasp locker, is a commonly used device for binding together two edges of fabric or other flexible material. Used in clothing (e.g. jackets and jeans), luggage and other bags, camping gear (e.g. tents and sleeping bags), and many other items, zippers come in a wide range of sizes, shapes, and colors. In 1892, Whitcomb L. Judson, an American inventor from Chicago, patented the original design from which the modern device evolved.

The zipper gets its name from a brand of rubber boots (or galoshes) it was used on in 1923. The galoshes could be fastened with a single zip of the hand, and soon the hookless fasteners came to be called "Zippers".
No puede ser
"No puede ser" (It cannot be) is an aria sung by Leandro (tenor) in the second act of the zarzuela, La tabernera del puerto, composed by Pablo Sorozábal to a libretto by Federico Romero and Guillermo Fernández-Shaw. La tabernera del puerto premiered in Barcelona in 1936. One of the most famous arias in the Spanish language, No puede ser has been part of the concert repertoire of many Spanish tenors, including Alfredo Kraus, José Carreras and Plácido Domingo who sang it in the 1990 Three Tenors concert.

Guillermo Fernández-Shaw
Guillermo Fernández-Shaw Iturralde (26 February 1893 - 17 August 1965) was a Spanish poet and journalist. He is particularly known as a writer of libretti, primarily for zarzuelas.  With Federico Romero, he wrote the libretti for two of the best-known zarzuelas of the 20th century, Doña Francisquita by Amadeo Vives and Luisa Fernanda by Federico Moreno Torroba. His father, Carlos Fernández Shaw, was also a playwright, poet and journalist who wrote libretti for several zarzuelas and operas, most famously Margarita la tornera and La vida breve. Guillermo Fernández-Shaw was born in Cádiz and initially trained as a lawyer before becoming a journalist. He was the editor of the Spanish newspaper La Epoca from 1911 to 1936, and a contributor to ABC as well as writing poetry for Blanco y Negro.  His partnership with Federico Romero began in 1916 with their libretto for Serrano's La canción del olvido. Guillermo Fernández-Shaw died in Madrid on 17 August 1965 at the age of 72.
Crossmaglen
Crossmaglen (from Irish Crois Mhic Lionnáin, meaning 'Mac Lionnáin's cross', IPA: [ˈkɾˠɔʃˈvʲɪcˈlʲɪn̪ˠaːnʲ]) is a village and townland in County Armagh, Northern Ireland. It had a population of 1,610 in the 2011 Census and is the largest village in South Armagh. The village centre is the site of a large Police Service of Northern Ireland base and formerly of an observation tower (known locally as the "look-out post").

The square's name commemorates Cardinal Tomás Ó Fiaich, a local man who became Primate of All Ireland (head of the Catholic Church in Ireland), and who died in 1990. However, the Cardinal originated from Crossmaglen's close neighbour, Cullyhanna. Crossmaglen has its own GAA team, Crossmaglen Rangers GAC.

Travelling by road, Crossmaglen is 61.6 miles (99.1 km) to the north of Dublin, 15.8 miles (25.4 km) to the west of Newry, and 51.6 miles (83.0 km) to the south of Belfast.

Observation tower
An observation tower is a tower used to view events from a long distance and to create a full 360 degree range of vision to conduct long distance observations. Observation towers are usually at least 20 metres (66 ft) tall and are made from stone, iron, and wood. Many modern towers are also used as TV towers, restaurants, or churches. The towers first appeared in the ancient world, as long ago as the Babylonian Empire.

Observation towers that are used as guard posts or observation posts over an extended period to overlook an area are commonly called watchtowers instead.

Similar instances of observation towers are recognised as crow's nests, observatories, viewing platforms, etc.
Katy High School
Katy High School is a high school located in Katy, Texas which serves grades 9 through 12. It is a part of the Katy Independent School District. The school serves the City of Katy and draws students from Harris County, Waller County, and Fort Bend County.

Fort Bend County, Texas
Fort Bend County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. The county was founded on December 29, 1837, and organized the next year. It is named for a blockhouse at a bend of the Brazos River. The community developed around the fort in early days. The county seat is Richmond. The largest city located entirely within the county borders is Sugar Land. The largest city by population in the county is Houston, but most of Houston's population is located in neighboring Harris County.

Fort Bend County is included in the Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land metropolitan statistical area. As of the 2020 census, its population was 822,779, making it the state's eighth-most populous county, and was estimated to be 958,434 in 2024. In 2017, Forbes ranked it the fifth-fastest growing county in the United States.
Thorn (dog)
Thorn was an Alsatian (German Shepherd) dog who received the Dickin Medal (often referred to as "the animals' Victoria Cross") in 1945 from the People's Dispensary for Sick Animals for bravery in service during the Second World War. Thorn's medal was "for locating air-raid casualties in spite of thick smoke in a burning building" during the Blitz.

After the war Thorn went on to a brief acting career, playing a part in the 1948 film Daughter of Darkness.

People's Dispensary for Sick Animals
The People's Dispensary for Sick Animals (PDSA) is a British veterinary charity that provides free veterinary services, carrying out over one million consultations annually. It was founded in 1917 by Maria Dickin to care for sick and injured animals belonging to people on low incomes. Until 2009, the PDSA was the largest private employer of fully qualified veterinary surgeons and veterinary nurses in the United Kingdom. Access to the charity's services is restricted to those living within its designated catchment areas.
Henry Wu (politician)
Henry Wu King-cheong, BBS, JP (born 22 August 1951, Hong Kong) is a Hong Kong former politician and member of the Provisional Legislative Council (1996–98) and Legislative Council in 1998–2000 for Financial Services. He was also the chairman of the Federation of Hong Kong and Kowloon Labour Unions from 1995 to 1999. He was also the member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference National Committee, Hong Kong Housing Authority and councilor of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University. He worked closely with Beijing before the handover of Hong Kong and joined the Preparatory Committee for the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region which oversaw the last phrase of the transition of the sovereignty. He was appointed to the Provisional Urban Council (1997–99) and Eastern District Council (2000–08).

Hong Kong Housing Authority
The Hong Kong Housing Authority (HA) is the main provider of public housing in Hong Kong. It was established in April 1973 under the Housing Ordinance and is an agency of the Government of Hong Kong. In the same year, the Resettlement Department and the Building Section of the Urban Services Department were merged to form the Housing Department, which acts as the Housing Authority's executive body.
Erwin A. Heers
Erwin A. Heers (July 4, 1896 – 11 June 1960) was an American college football and basketball player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Alfred University in Alfred, New York from 1926 to 1929. He also served as the freshmen football coach at Rider University in 1931. The school had no varsity team that year.

Rider University
Rider University is a private university in Lawrence Township, New Jersey, United States. It consists of three academic units: the Norm Brodsky College of Business, the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, which includes Westminster Choir College, and the College of Education and Human Services.
Great American Gymnastics Express
Great American Gymnastics Express, known also as GAGE Center or GAGE, is an American artistic gymnastics academy in Blue Springs, Missouri. GAGE was founded in 1979 by Al Fong, who remains its head coach.

In December 2025, Fong was suspended for five years by the U.S. Center for SafeSport; his wife, also a coach at the gym, received a one-year suspension. Two months later, USA Gymnastics terminated the gym's membership over allegations of abuse and non-compliance with safety codes and suspensions.

Blue Springs, Missouri
Blue Springs is a city in Jackson County, Missouri, United States. Blue Springs is located 19 miles (31 km) east of Kansas City. It is the eighth-largest city in the Kansas City metropolitan area and the eleventh-largest city in Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 58,604.
1944 United States presidential election in Virginia
The 1944 United States presidential election in Virginia took place on November 7, 1944, throughout the 48 contiguous states. Voters chose 11 representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

Virginia voted for the Democratic nominee, incumbent President Franklin D. Roosevelt, over the Republican nominee, New York Governor Thomas E. Dewey. Roosevelt ultimately won the national election with 53.39% of the vote.

This was the last election until 2020 where the Democratic candidate won Virginia by a double-digit margin. It was also the last time that the following county-equivalents voted for a Democratic presidential nominee: Augusta County, Mathews County, Northumberland County, Richmond County and Roanoke County. The independent city of Staunton did not vote Democratic again until Barack Obama in 2008.

Mathews County, Virginia
Mathews County is a county located in the U.S. state of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,533. Its county seat is Mathews.

Located on the Middle Peninsula, Mathews County is included in the Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Bacon baronets of Gillingham (1662)
The Bacon baronetcy, of Gillingham in the County of Norfolk, was created in the Baronetage of England on 7 February 1662 for Nicholas Bacon.He was the son of Nicholas Bacon, fourth son of the 1st Baronet of the 1611 creation, and brother of the 1st Baronet of the 1627 creation. His two sons, the 2nd and 3rd Baronets, both succeeded in the title. They both died young and the title became extinct on the latter's death in 1685.

Bacon baronets of Mildenhall (1627)
The Bacon baronetcy, of Mildenhall in the County of Suffolk, was created in the Baronetage of England on 29 July 1627 for Butts Bacon, seventh son of the 1st Baronet of the 1611 creation.

His great-grandson (the title having descended from father to son), Edmund, the 4th Baronet, represented Orford in Parliament. He was succeeded by his eldest son, Edmund, the 5th Baronet. He was Member of Parliament for Thetford. His only son, Edmund, the 6th Baronet, died unmarried at an early age in 1750. He was succeeded by his uncle, Henry, the 7th Baronet. He also died unmarried and was succeeded by his younger brother, Richard, the 8th Baronet. In 1755 he succeeded his third cousin once removed as 8th Baronet of Redgrave.

For further history of the titles, see Bacon baronets of Redgrave (1611).
Polná
Polná (Czech pronunciation: [ˈpolnaː]) is a town in Jihlava District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 5,300 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.

Vysočina Region
The Vysočina Region (IPA: [ˈvɪsotʃɪna]; Czech: Kraj Vysočina) is an administrative unit (Czech: kraj) of the Czech Republic. Its capital is Jihlava.

The region is located in the central part of the country. It is one of just three in the country (the others being Prague and the Central Bohemian Region) which does not have a border with a foreign country.

The Vysočina Region is home to three UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the most in any region in the Czech Republic.
Euphorbia ramofraga
Euphorbia ramofraga is a species of flowering plant in the family Euphorbiaceae. It is endemic to Madagascar.  Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbiaceae (/juːˈfɔːrbiˌeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), the spurge family, is a large family of flowering plants. In English, they are also commonly called euphorbias, which is also the name of the type genus of the family. Most spurges, such as Euphorbia paralias, are herbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are shrubs or trees, such as Hevea brasiliensis. Some, such as Euphorbia canariensis,: 206  are succulent and resemble cacti because of convergent evolution. This family has a cosmopolitan global distribution. The greatest diversity of species is in the tropics; however, the Euphorbiaceae also have many species in nontropical areas of all continents except Antarctica.
Storstrøm Bridge
The Storstrøm Bridge (Danish: Storstrømsbroen, pronounced [ˈstoɐ̯stʁɶmsˌpʁoˀn̩]) is a road and railway arch bridge that crosses Storstrømmen between the islands of Falster and Masnedø in Denmark.

Together with Masnedsund Bridge it connects Falster and Zealand (Sjælland). It was the main road connection between the islands until the Farø Bridges were opened in 1985. It is still part of the railway connection between the islands of Lolland, Falster, and Zealand. It is on the rail line between Copenhagen and Hamburg, Germany.

Lolland
Lolland (Danish: [ˈlʌˌlænˀ] ⓘ; formerly spelled Laaland, literally "low land") is the fourth largest island of Denmark, with an area of 1,243 km2 (480 sq mi). Located in the Kattegat, Belts and Sund area, it is part of Region Sjælland (Region Zealand). As of 1 January 2022, it has 57,618 inhabitants. Lolland is closely connected to the island of Falster to its east. The locality of Sundby forms a cross-island urban area with Nykøbing Falster, the largest conurbation partially on Lolland. The most populated settlement on Lolland proper is Nakskov.