hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cristina Sernadas
Maria Cristina De Sales Viana Serôdio Sernadas (born 1951) is a Portuguese mathematical logician whose research topics have included object-oriented specification languages and logics for information systems, and the use of category theory in the combination ("fibring") of multiple types of logic. She is Professor for Logic and Computation in the Department of Mathematics of the Technical University of Lisbon.

Technical University of Lisbon
The Technical University of Lisbon (UTL; Portuguese: Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, pronounced [univɨɾsiˈðaðɨ ˈtɛknikɐ ðɨ liʒˈβoɐ]) was a Portuguese public university. It was created in 1930 in Lisbon, as a confederation of preexisting schools, and comprised the faculties and institutes of veterinary medicine; agricultural sciences; economics and business administration; engineering, social and political sciences; architecture; and human kinetics.

On July 25, 2013, it merged with the older University of Lisbon (1911–2013) and was incorporated in the new University of Lisbon.
Ryan Tuerck
Ryan Tuerck (born April 10, 1985) is an American professional drifter who has competed in the Formula Drift series since 2005. He has a popular YouTube series called Tuerck'd. A native of Derry, New Hampshire, as of 2021 he was living in Los Angeles.

Derry, New Hampshire
Derry is a town in Rockingham County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 34,317 at the 2020 census. Although it is a town and not a city, Derry is the most populous community in Rockingham County and the 4th most populous in the state. The town's nickname, "Spacetown", derives from the fact that Derry is the birthplace of Alan Shepard, the first astronaut from the United States in space. Derry was also for a time the home of the poet Robert Frost and his family.

The Derry census-designated place, with a 2020 population of 22,879, occupies the central part of the town, extending from Derry's downtown in the west to the town of Hampstead in the east. The town also includes the village of East Derry.
Non-photorealistic rendering
Non-photorealistic rendering (NPR) is an area of computer graphics that focuses on enabling a wide variety of expressive styles for digital art, in contrast to traditional computer graphics, which focuses on photorealism. NPR is inspired by other artistic modes such as painting, drawing, technical illustration, and animated cartoons. NPR has appeared in movies and video games in the form of cel-shaded animation (also known as "toon" shading) as well as in scientific visualization, architectural illustration and experimental animation.

Cartoon
A cartoon is a type of visual art that is typically drawn, frequently animated, in an unrealistic or semi-realistic style. The specific meaning has evolved, but the modern usage usually refers to either: an image or series of images intended for satire, caricature, or humor; or a motion picture that relies on a sequence of illustrations for its animation. Someone who creates cartoons in the first sense is called a cartoonist, and in the second sense they are usually called an animator.

The concept originated in the Middle Ages, and first described a preparatory drawing for a piece of art, such as a painting, fresco, tapestry, or stained glass window. In the 19th century, beginning in Punch magazine in 1843, cartoon came to refer – ironically at first – to humorous artworks in magazines and newspapers. Then it also was used for political cartoons and comic strips. When the medium developed, in the early 20th century, it began to refer to animated films that resembled print cartoons.
2011 SM Town Winter – The Warmest Gift
2011 SM Town Winter – The Warmest Gift is the eighth winter album by SMTown, released on December 13, 2011 by SM Entertainment and distributed by KMP Holdings in South Korea.  It is the first winter compilation album in four years and also their first album to have all songs sung entirely in English. This is also their only album to feature  f(x) and J-Min, and is the last album to feature TRAX, The Grace's Dana and Sunday, Zhang Liyin, Girls' Generation's Jessica, SHINee's Jonghyun, and Super Junior-M's Henry.

The album's lead single is "Santa U Are the One", sung by Super Junior with Super Junior-M members Henry and Zhou Mi. The music video was released on 13 December 2011 on SMTown official YouTube Channel. It features the Super Junior members with Henry and Zhou Mi singing in the studio and behind the scenes footage of SM artists during the album's photoshoot.

Kangta
An Chil-hyun (Korean: 안칠현; born October 10, 1979), known professionally as Kangta (강타), is a South Korean singer, composer, songwriter, record producer, actor and radio personality. Known for his work as a member of boy band H.O.T., he is currently an executive at his longtime agency SM Entertainment since 2005. He is also the chief producer of Smashhit from SM's label Kreation Music Rights since 2023 and the general producer of SM's music label SMArt since 2025.
New Mexico State Road 522
State Road 522 (NM 522) is a 41.096-mile-long (66.138 km) state highway in far northern New Mexico. It was named the Senator Carlos R. Cisneros Memorial Highway, after the late Taos County Commissioner and state senator, in 2022.

Its southern terminus is in El Prado, NM, at U.S. Route 64 (US 64) and NM 150, at what is locally referred to as the “old blinking light” intersection, approximately four miles north of Taos. From there, the state road heads north through Arroyo Hondo and then Questa, where it has a junction with NM 38. It then continues north to Costilla before its northern terminus at the Colorado state line where the road becomes Colorado State Highway 159 (SH 159).

The highway, which is makes up a short portion of the Enchanted Circle Scenic Byway, loosely follows a portion of the Old Spanish National Historic Trail’s north branch. It also goes through an area within Carson National Forest between Arroyo Hondo and Questa.

Carson National Forest
Carson National Forest is a national forest in northern New Mexico, United States. It encompasses 6,070 square kilometers (1.5 million acres) and is administered by the United States Forest Service. The Forest Service's "mixed use" policy allows for its use for recreation, grazing, and resource extraction.
Timeline of scientific discoveries
The timeline below shows the date of publication of possible major scientific breakthroughs, theories and discoveries, along with the discoverer.  This article discounts mere speculation as discovery, although imperfect reasoned arguments, arguments based on elegance/simplicity, and numerically/experimentally verified conjectures qualify (as otherwise no scientific discovery before the late 19th century would count). The timeline begins at the Bronze Age, as it is difficult to give even estimates for the timing of events prior to this, such as of the discovery of counting, natural numbers and arithmetic.

To avoid overlap with timeline of historic inventions, the timeline does not list examples of documentation for manufactured substances and devices unless they reveal a more fundamental leap in the theoretical ideas in a field.

The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art
The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art is a Chinese mathematics book, composed by several generations of scholars from the 10th–2nd century BCE, its latest stage being from the 1st century CE. This book is one of the earliest surviving mathematical texts from China, the others being the Suan shu shu (202 BCE – 186 BCE) and Zhoubi Suanjing (compiled throughout the Han until the late 2nd century CE). It lays out an approach to mathematics that centres on finding the most general methods of solving problems, which may be contrasted with the approach common to ancient Greek mathematicians, who tended to deduce propositions from an initial set of axioms.

Entries in the book usually take the form of a statement of a problem, followed by the statement of the solution and an explanation of the procedure that led to the solution. These were commented on by Liu Hui in the 3rd century.

The book was later included in the early Tang collection, the Ten Computational Canons.
The Immortal (1970 TV series)
The Immortal is an American television series, starring Christopher George as a man whose blood chemistry and resistance to almost all diseases (including old age) makes him both almost immortal and a target of several wealthy men who would use him as a personal blood bank. It aired on ABC from September 24, 1970, to January 14, 1971. The series is based on a pilot film of the same name, which aired on September 30, 1969, as an ABC Movie of the Week. The plot is based on the 1964 science fiction novel The Immortals, by James Gunn.

The series music was composed by Dominic Frontiere, who is primarily known for scoring the sci-fi anthology series The Outer Limits. Although The Immortal was canceled at midseason, episodes were rerun by ABC in the summer of 1971. It was later rerun on the American Forces Network in Europe in the 1980s and on the Sci Fi Channel in the 1990s.

American Forces Network
The American Forces Network (AFN) is a government television and radio broadcast service the United States Armed Forces provides to soldiers stationed or assigned overseas, and is headquartered at Fort Meade in Maryland. AFN comprises two subordinate overseas commands and one directorate in the continental United States. Overseas, AFN Europe is headquartered at Sembach Kaserne in Germany and consists of 15 subordinate stations in the countries of Bahrain, Belgium, Cuba, Germany, Greece, Italy, Spain, and Turkey. AFN Pacific is headquartered at Yokota Air Base in Japan and consists of nine stations in Diego Garcia, Japan, and South Korea. Stations under AFN Europe and AFN Pacific broadcast live local radio shows Monday through Friday, with the exception of U.S. federal holidays. Stateside, AFN's broadcast operations, which include global radio and television satellite feeds, emanate from the AFN Broadcast Center at March Air Reserve Base in Riverside, California.
July Talk: Love Lives Here
July Talk: Love Lives Here is a 2023 Canadian documentary film written and directed by Brittany Farhat. The film centres on the rock band July Talk, as they plan and perform a drive-in concert at the Stardust Drive-In in Sharon, Ontario, after the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada upends their plans to undertake a conventional concert tour in support of their album Pray for It.

The film premiered at the 2023 Hot Docs Canadian International Documentary Festival.

Hot Docs Canadian International Documentary Festival
The Hot Docs Canadian International Documentary Festival is the largest documentary festival in North America. The event takes place annually in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The 27th edition of the festival took place online throughout May and June 2020. In addition to the annual festival, Hot Docs owns and operates the Hot Docs Ted Rogers Cinema, administers multiple production funds, and runs year-round screening programs including Doc Soup and Hot Docs Showcase.
6 Ellerdale Road
6 Ellerdale Road (now the Institute of St Marcellina) is a house built by the Arts and Crafts movement architect Richard Norman Shaw for himself in the period 1874 to 1876.

It is a large red brick detached house between Frognal and Hampstead in London.

It was designated a Grade I listed building in 1950.  Since 2006 it has been used as residential accommodation for foreign female students attending English courses in London. Run by the Sisters of Saint Marcellina, it is now known as Hampstead Towers.

Richard Norman Shaw
Richard Norman Shaw RA (7 May 1831 – 17 November 1912), also known as Norman Shaw, was a British architect who worked from the 1870s to the 1900s, known for his country houses and for commercial buildings. He is considered to be among the greatest of British architects; his  influence on architectural style was strongest in the 1880s and 1890s.
Sensibility Objectified
Sensibility Objectified: The Sculptures of Sarbari Roy Choudhury is a book by R. Siva Kumar that discusses the life and sculptures of Sarbari Roy Choudhury.
According to R. Siva kumar the 'sculptural sensibility' of Sarbari Roy Choudhury, represented in his figurative and animated works, reveals the artist's connection with the Indian traditions of sculpture, despite being strongly influenced by the West.

Some of Roy's best works are of classical musicians—Bade Ghulam Ali Khan, Ali Akbar Khan, Siddheshwari Devi and Kesarbai Kerkar. Starting from the 1950s, the monograph traces his work of each decade, revealing the artistic journey of one of India's leading sculptors.

Kesarbai Kerkar
Kesarbai Kerkar (13 July 1892 – 16 September 1976 (?)
) was an Indian classical vocalist of the Jaipur-Atrauli gharana. A protege of Ustad Alladiya Khan (1855–1946), the founder of the gharana, she went on to become one of the most noted khayal singers of the second half of the 20th century.

She was 67 when she was awarded the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award in 1953, followed by Padma Bhushan the third highest civilian award in India, in 1969. One of her recordings is included on the Voyager Golden Record.
Brazilian aircraft carrier São Paulo
NAe São Paulo (pennant number A12) was a Clemenceau-class aircraft carrier in service with the Brazilian Navy. São Paulo was first commissioned in 1963 by the French Navy as Foch and was transferred in 2000 to Brazil, where she became the new flagship of the Brazilian Navy. IHS Jane's reported that during her career with the Brazilian Navy, São Paulo suffered from serviceability issues and never managed to operate for more than three months at a time without the need for repairs and maintenance.

On 14 February 2017, the navy announced the ship's demobilisation and subsequent decommissioning. On 12 March 2021 the carrier was sold to be scrapped. After Turkey rejected permission to dock, the Brazilian Navy scuttled the ship in the Atlantic Ocean on 3 February 2023, some 350 kilometres (220 mi) off the Brazilian coast in 5,000 metres (16,000 ft) of water.

Pennant number
In the Royal Navy and other navies of Europe and the Commonwealth of Nations, ships are identified by pennant number (an internationalisation of pendant number, which it was called before 1948). Historically, naval ships flew a flag that identified a flotilla or type of vessel. For example, the Royal Navy used a red burgee for torpedo boats and a pennant with an H for torpedo boat destroyers. Adding a number to the type-identifying flag uniquely identified each ship.

In the current system, a letter prefix, called a flag superior, identifies the type of ship, and numerical suffix, called a flag inferior, uniquely identifies an individual ship. Not all pennant numbers have a flag superior.
2021 Singapore Tennis Open
The 2021 Singapore Tennis Open is a tournament on the 2021 ATP Tour. It is played on indoor hard courts in Singapore. It is organised with a single-year licence in 2021, and was held at OCBC Arena in Singapore from February 22 to February 28, 2021.

Jason Jung
Jason Jung (Chinese: 莊吉生; pinyin: Zhuāng Jíshēng; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Chng Kit-seng; Taiwanese Mandarin: [tswáŋ tɕǐ sə́ŋ]; born 15 June 1989) is an American-Taiwanese professional tennis player representing team Chinese Taipei. He has a career high ATP singles ranking of world No. 114 achieved on 30 July 2018 and has won four ATP Challenger titles.
Jung has attended the University of Michigan.
Bull pipefish
The bull pipefish  (Syngnathus springeri) is a pipefish species of the western Atlantic, from southern Canada to Panama. It is a marine subtropical reef-associated fish, up to 38 centimetres (15 in) length.

Pipefish
Pipefishes or  pipe-fishes (Syngnathinae) are a subfamily of small fishes, which, together with the seahorses and seadragons (Phycodurus and Phyllopteryx), form the family Syngnathidae. The name comes from Ancient Greek σύν (sún), meaning "together", and γνάθος (gnáthos), meaning "jaw", referring to the fused jaw that the subfamily's species have in common.
Mushroom tea
Mushroom tea is an infusion of mushrooms in water, made by using edible/medicinal mushrooms (such as lingzhi mushroom) or psychedelic mushrooms (such as Psilocybe cubensis). The active ingredient in psychedelic mushroom teas is psilocybin, while the active ingredients in medicinal mushroom teas are quite variable.

Infusion
Infusion is the process of extracting chemical compounds or flavors from plant material in a solvent such as water, oil, or alcohol, by allowing the material to remain suspended in the solvent over time (a process often called steeping). An infusion is also the name for the resultant liquid. The process of infusion is distinct from both decoction—a method of extraction involving boiling the plant material—and percolation, in which water is passed through the material (as in a coffeemaker).
SquirrelMail
SquirrelMail is a project that aims to provide both a web-based email client and a proxy server for the IMAP protocol.

The latest stable version 1.4.23-svn is tested with PHP up to version 8.1 and replaces version 1.4.22 which can only run on PHP version 5.0-5.4. The svn part in the version name points out that bugfixes and minor improvements are no longer published as new versions, but instead are maintained within Apache Subversion version control system.

Internet Message Access Protocol
In computing, the Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) is an Internet standard protocol used by email clients to retrieve email messages from a mail server over a TCP/IP connection. IMAP is defined by RFC 9051.

IMAP was designed with the goal of permitting complete management of an email box by multiple email clients; therefore, clients generally leave messages on the server until the user explicitly deletes them. An IMAP server typically listens on port number 143. IMAP over SSL/TLS (IMAPS) is assigned the port number 993.

Virtually all modern e-mail clients and servers support IMAP, which along with the earlier POP3 (Post Office Protocol) are the two most prevalent standard protocols for email retrieval. Many webmail service providers such as Gmail and Outlook.com also support both IMAP and POP3.
Saint-Nicolas-des-Champs, Paris
The Church of Saint-Nicolas-des-Champs (French: Église Saint-Nicolas-des-Champs; literally, St Nicholas-in-the-Fields) is a Catholic church in Paris' Third arrondissement. Early parts of the church, including the west front, built 1420–1480, are in the Flamboyant Gothic style, while later portions, including the south portal, mostly built 1576–86, are examples of French Renaissance architecture. It is notable particularly for its Renaissance carved sculpture, decoration and large collection of French Renaissance paintings in the interior.

Frans Pourbus the Younger
Frans Pourbus the Younger or Frans Pourbus (II) (Antwerp, 1569 – Paris, 1622) was a Flemish painter, specialised in portrait painting. He was the third generation of a prominent family of religious and portrait painters.

Pourbus was a successful court painter for, successively, the Archdukes in Brussels, the Gonzaga Duke of Mantua (1600–1609), and then the French court. The majority of his work was royal portraits, many full-length, but he also painted some altarpieces.  He painted the Brussels-based Spanish Regents of the Netherlands, the Duke of Mantua and Marie de' Medici, Queen of France.

Pourbus produced portraits that were pleasing to his patrons, but somewhat static with no dramatic situations, or landscape backgrounds. He is noted for his depiction of costume, jewellery and draperies, as in his portrait of Henry IV of France (below).
Nazko River
The Nazko River is a tributary of the West Road River, one of the main tributaries of the Fraser River, in the Canadian province of British Columbia. It flows through the Fraser Plateau region west of Quesnel.

The name "Nazko" comes from Ndazkoh (Ndaz – meaning ″from the south″ and koh – meaning ″River″) a Dakelh (Carrier) word meaning "river flowing from the south".

Quesnel, British Columbia
Quesnel (/kwəˈnɛl/) is a city in the Cariboo Regional District of British Columbia, Canada. Located nearly evenly between the cities of Prince George and Williams Lake, it is on the main route to northern British Columbia and the Yukon. Quesnel is located at the confluence of the Fraser River and Quesnel River. As of 2021, Quesnel's metropolitan area (census agglomeration) had a population of 23,113 making it one of the largest urban centres between Prince George and Kamloops.

Quesnel is a sister city to Shiraoi, Japan. Quesnel hosted the 2000 BC Winter Games, a biennial provincial amateur sports competition. To the east of Quesnel is Wells, Barkerville, and Bowron Lake Provincial Park, a popular canoeing destination in the Cariboo Mountains.
2MASS J18082002−5104378
2MASS J18082002−5104378 (abbreviated J1808−5104) is an ultra metal-poor (UMP) binary star system, in the constellation Ara, about 1,950 ly (600 pc) from Earth, and is a single-lined spectroscopic binary (SB1). It is one of the oldest stars known, about 13.53 billion years old, possibly one of the first stars, a star made almost entirely of materials released from the Big Bang. A tiny unseen companion, a low-mass UMP star, is particularly unusual.

Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg
The Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg (CDS; English translation: Strasbourg Astronomical Data Centre) is a data centre which collects and distributes astronomical information. It was established in 1972 under the name Centre de Données Stellaires by the National Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics (INAG).
Discrepancy of permutations
Discrepancy of permutations is a sub-field of discrepancy theory, that deals with balancing intervals induced by permutations of elements. There is a set of n elements, and there are m different permutations on this set. The general research question is: can we color each element in one of two different colors (e.g. black and white), such that in each permutation, every interval contains roughly the same number of elements of each color?

Formally, the discrepancy of an interval is defined as the difference between the number of white elements and the number of black elements in that interval; the objective is to color the elements such that the maximum discrepancy of an interval in each of the permutations is as small as possible.

With high probability
In mathematics, an event that occurs with high probability (often shortened to w.h.p. or WHP) is one whose probability depends on a certain number n and goes to 1 as n goes to infinity, i.e. the probability of the event occurring can be made as close to 1 as desired by making n big enough.
Oeceoclades spathulifera
Oeceoclades spathulifera is a terrestrial orchid species in the genus Oeceoclades that is endemic to northern and western Madagascar. It was first described by the French botanist Joseph Marie Henry Alfred Perrier de la Bâthie in 1935 as Eulophia spathulifera. Perrier later transferred the species to the genus Lissochilus in 1941 and it was again moved to the genus Eulophidium by V.S. Summerhayes in 1957. It was last transferred to the genus Oeceoclades in 1976 by Leslie Andrew Garay and Peter Taylor when they resurrected and revised that genus. Oeceoclades spathulifera is related to O. calcarata and O. hebdingiana but it can be distinguished from those species by its long, spathulate (spoon-shaped) sepals and petals and the globose (almost spherical) spur.

Joseph Marie Henry Alfred Perrier de la Bâthie
Joseph Marie Henry Alfred Perrier de la Bâthie (French pronunciation: [ʒozɛf maʁi ɑ̃ʁi alfʁɛd pɛʁje də la bati]; 11 August 1873 – 2 October 1958) was a French botanist who specialized in the plants of Madagascar.

He is the nephew of Eugène Pierre Perrier de la Bâthie, (1825-1916), another botanist, who also collected plants with him.

He delineated the two chief floristic provinces of Madagascar (see Ecoregions of Madagascar). Some of his works include La végétation malgache (1921), Biogéographie de plantes de Madagascar (1936), and numerous volumes of the series Flore de Madagascar et des Comores (1946-1952).