hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Other Russia
The Other Russia can refer to:

The Other Russia (book), a 2003 book by Eduard Limonov

The Other Russia (coalition), a 2006–2010 wide coalition of Russian political and human rights organizations, known as the organizer of the Dissenters' March

The Other Russia of E. V. Limonov, a Russian political party created in 2010

The Other Russia (coalition)
The Other Russia (Russian: Другая Россия; Drugaya Rossiya), sometimes cited as Another Russia, was an umbrella coalition (2006–2008/2009/2010) that gathered opponents of President Vladimir Putin and was known as an organizer of Dissenters' Marches. The coalition brought together representatives from a wide variety of political and human rights movements, liberals, nationalists, socialists and communists (though the CPRF was absent), as well as individual citizens. The last Dissenters' March took place in 2008.

The group included both far left, centre, and far right opposition leaders as well as mainstream liberals such as former world chess champion and United Civil Front leader Garry Kasparov (in 2006–2007), the radical National Bolshevik Party leader Eduard Limonov, and the far-left Vanguard of Red Youth. In 2010, the coalition was dissolved.
Will Creedle
Will Creedle (born April 16, 1973, in Rochester, Minnesota) is an American Software Accessibility Engineer and advocate for extending the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 to all title III websites. He is known for suggesting that conformance is crucial to good design because it brings context to content and accurately re-prioritizes the visual to reflect the content as opposed to the site serving the visuals. He has advocated that the time is now for companies to commit to web compliance, ahead of the DOJ regulations coming, as the DOJ has provided what their compliance standards will be for TITLE III companies: WCAG 2.0 Level AA of the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines.

Creedle spent 7 years working in Manhattan at R/GA, where he conceived the idea of the world's first tweeting e-cigarette as well as worked on several Clio, AD&D and Cannes Cyber Lion winning projects.

Rochester, Minnesota
Rochester is a city in Olmsted County, Minnesota, United States. It is the county seat. It is located along rolling bluffs on the Zumbro River's south fork in Southeast Minnesota. The population was 121,395 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 123,624 in 2024, making it the third-most populous city in Minnesota. The Rochester metropolitan area has an estimated 230,000 residents. The city is the home and birthplace of Mayo Clinic.

Rochester first developed as a stagecoach stop between Dubuque, Iowa, and Saint Paul, Minnesota. With the creation of the Mayo Clinic in 1864, Rochester became a national center for healthcare, as well as a hub for regional agriculture.  For higher education needs the University of Minnesota Rochester, Rochester Community and Technical College, and Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine are located in the city.
Mount Kinbō (Kumamoto)
Mount Kinbō (金峰山, Kinbō-san) or Mount Kinpō (金峰山, Kinpō-san) is a stratovolcano in the west of Kumamoto city, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. It is an extinct stratovolcano and lava dome. Mount Kinbō overlooks the city of Kumamoto and is used for sightseeing and for radio and TV broadcast antennas.

Kumamoto Prefecture
Kumamoto Prefecture (熊本県, Kumamoto-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [kɯ.ma.mo.to, -toꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located on the island of Kyūshū. Kumamoto Prefecture has a population of 1,683,115 (as of 1 October 2025) and has a geographic area of 7,409 square kilometres (2,861 sq mi). Kumamoto Prefecture borders Fukuoka Prefecture to the north, Ōita Prefecture to the northeast, Miyazaki Prefecture to the southeast, and Kagoshima Prefecture to the south.

Kumamoto is the capital and largest city of Kumamoto Prefecture, with other major cities including Yatsushiro, Amakusa, and Tamana. Kumamoto Prefecture is located in the center of Kyūshū on the coast of the Ariake Sea, across from Nagasaki Prefecture, with the mainland separated from the East China Sea by the Amakusa Archipelago. Kumamoto Prefecture is home to Mount Aso, the largest active volcano in Japan and among the largest in the world, with its peak 1,592 metres (5,223 ft) above sea level.
Parish of Yambunya
Yambunya is a parish of Ularara County in northwest New South Wales, Australia. It is  between Milparinka and Wilcannia and west of Wanaaring.

The main economic activity of the parish is agriculture, with the Ardoo and the Salisbury Downs Station, and the parish is at 29°55′59″S 143°46′28″E.

Wanaaring, New South Wales
Wanaaring is a remote outback village in north western New South Wales, Australia. Situated on the Paroo River, some 980 kilometres from Sydney, and 180 km west of Bourke. At the 2021 census, Wanaaring had a population of 81.

Wanaaring is on the "Cut Line" road between the town of Bourke, and the desert village of Tibooburra. Long distance travellers often stop at Wanaaring for meals or to refuel.

Wanaaring is in outback Australia, in remote agricultural country. The grazing lands support cattle, sheep and goats. Honey is also produced. An all-weather air strip is located east of the village centre.
Preference relation
The term preference relation is used to refer to orderings that describe human preferences for one thing over an other.

In mathematics, preferences may be modeled as a weak ordering or a semiorder, two different types of binary relation. One specific variation of weak ordering, a total preorder (= a connected, reflexive and transitive relation), is also sometimes called a preference relation.

In computer science, machine learning algorithms are used to infer preferences, and the binary representation of the output of a preference learning algorithm is called a preference relation, regardless of whether it fits the weak ordering or semiorder mathematical models.

Preference relations are also widely used in economics; see preference (economics).

Preference learning
Preference learning is a subfield of machine learning that focuses on modeling and predicting preferences based on observed preference information. Preference learning typically involves supervised learning using datasets of pairwise preference comparisons, rankings, or other preference information.
Felicity Dahl
Dame Felicity Ann Dahl DBE (née D'Abreu; born 12 December 1938) is the widow of the author Roald Dahl. She was previously married to Charles Reginald Hugh Crosland. The quietly spoken Dahl gave a rare interview in November 2008 to publicise the inaugural Roald Dahl Funny Prize and reflect on her years with the late author.

Great Missenden
Great Missenden is a village and civil parish in the Misbourne Valley in the Chiltern Hills in Buckinghamshire, England, situated between the towns of Amersham and Wendover. It adjoins the village of Little Kingshill, and is a mile from Little Missenden and the village of Prestwood.

The narrow and historic High Street is bypassed by the main A413 London to Aylesbury Road. It is located in the centre of the Chilterns Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The source of the Misbourne is to be found just north of the village, although the upper reach of the river runs only in winter and the perennial head is in Little Missenden. The village is now best known as home to the late Roald Dahl, the world-famous adult and children's author.
Diagonal mirror
A diagonal mirror is a flat mirror used to produce a right-angle bend in a light path.  Examples of diagonal mirrors include:

The secondary mirror used in a Newtonian telescope

The tertiary mirror used in a Nasmyth telescope

A star diagonal right-angled telescope eyepiece mount

An optical Edwardian parlour entertainment device also known as a Zograscope

Newtonian telescope
The Newtonian telescope, also called the Newtonian reflector or just a Newtonian, is a type of reflecting telescope invented by the English scientist Sir Isaac Newton, using a concave primary mirror and a flat diagonal secondary mirror. Newton's first reflecting telescope was completed in 1668 and is the earliest known functional reflecting telescope. The Newtonian telescope's simple design has made it very popular with amateur telescope makers.
Columbus Historic Riverfront Industrial District
The Columbus Historic Riverfront Industrial District encompasses one of the most significant assemblages of 19th-century waterpowered mill technology in the American South.  A National Historic Landmark District, it includes five historic industrial complexes with elements surviving as far back as the 1830s, located in four separate areas along the eastern bank of the Chattahoochee River in Columbus, Georgia.  It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1978.

Chattahoochee River
The Chattahoochee River (/ˌtʃætəˈhuːtʃi/) is a river in the Southeastern United States. It forms the southern half of the Alabama and Georgia border, as well as a portion of the Florida and Georgia border. It is a tributary of the Apalachicola River, a relatively short river formed by the confluence of the Chattahoochee and Flint rivers and emptying from Florida into Apalachicola Bay in the Gulf of Mexico. The Chattahoochee River is about 430 miles (690 km) long. The Chattahoochee, Flint, and Apalachicola rivers together make up the Apalachicola–Chattahoochee–Flint River Basin (ACF River Basin). The Chattahoochee makes up the largest part of the ACF's drainage basin.
Mrs Biggs
Mrs Biggs is a 2012 British television series based on the true story of the wife of the Great Train Robber, Ronnie Biggs. The series covers Mrs Charmian Biggs' journey from naïve young woman to Biggs' wife and the mother of three young sons. Money worries force her husband to ask for a loan from Bruce Reynolds, planner of one of the most famous crimes in British history, the Great Train Robbery of August 1963. The aftermath of the train robbery and Biggs subsequent escape from prison leads to a life of flight for Charmian and her children as she tries to keep the family together.

Charmian Biggs is played by Sheridan Smith; Ronnie Biggs is played by Daniel Mays. The series was written by Jeff Pope, in co-operation with the real Charmian Biggs. Smith's performance as Charmian received widespread critical acclaim, and she ultimately won the 2013 BAFTA Television Award for Best Actress.

Jeff Pope
Jeff Pope is a British television producer and screenwriter who co-wrote the film Pierrepoint and the television drama The Fattest Man in Britain and who won a BAFTA in 2006 for the drama See No Evil: The Moors Murders. He is also the Head of ITV Productions Factual Drama. Pope wrote the screenplay for the 2018 film Stan & Ollie, and co-wrote the 2022 film The Lost King.
2021 Evian Championship
The 2021 Amundi Evian Championship was played 22–25 July at the Evian Resort Golf Club in Évian-les-Bains, France. It was the 27th Evian Championship (the first 20 played as the Evian Masters), and the eighth as a major championship on the LPGA Tour.

Minjee Lee won her first major at the first hole of a sudden-death playoff over Lee Jeong-eun.

Ariya Jutanugarn
Ariya Jutanugarn (Thai: เอรียา จุฑานุกาล, RTGS: Eriya Chuthanukan, pronounced [ʔēː.rīː.jāː t͡ɕùʔ.tʰāː.núʔ.kāːn]; born 23 November 1995) is a Thai professional golfer who plays on the American-based LPGA Tour. She was born in Bangkok. She is the first golfer, male or female, from Thailand to win a major championship. She became the number one ranked golfer in the Women's World Golf Rankings in June 2017.
John Rogers (Ohio politician)
John M. Rogers is a former Democratic member of the Ohio House of Representatives, representing the 60th District which includes the Lake County communities of Eastlake, Fairport Harbor, Grand River, Lakeline, Mentor-on-the-Lake, Painesville, Timberlake, Wickliffe, Willoughby, Willowick, as well as parts of both Mentor and Painesville Township. He was first elected in 2012.

Prior to his election, Rogers was mayor of Mentor-on-the-Lake for 18 years and a Mentor-on-the-Lake city councilman for five years. He has also served as Lake County deputy treasurer and Lake County assistant prosecutor. He was chosen for the 60th District ticket by the party central committee after Lake County Commissioner Dan Troy withdrew. In the election Rogers defeated Republican Lori DiNallo with 55.47% of the vote. He would go on to be re-elected in 2014, 2016, and 2018. He was a conservative Democrat who opposed abortion and supported gun rights.

Painesville, Ohio
Painesville is a city in Lake County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. Located along the Grand River, it is a northeast suburb of Cleveland. Its population was 20,312 at the 2020 census. Painesville is included in the Greater Cleveland metropolitan area.
Bud Wildman
Charles Jackson "Bud" Wildman (born June 3, 1946) is a Canadian politician. He served in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario as a New Democratic Party Member of Provincial Parliament (MPP) from 1975 to 1999, representing the riding of Algoma, and was a cabinet minister in the government of Bob Rae.

Algoma (provincial electoral district)
Algoma was an electoral riding in Ontario, Canada. It was created in 1867 at the time of confederation. In 1885 it was split into two: Algoma East and Algoma West. In 1902 it was re-established as a single riding and was abolished in 1933 before the 1934 election. In 1967 it was re-established a second time and lasted until 1999 when it was merged into Algoma—Manitoulin.
Musicians of the Old Post Road
Musicians of the Old Post Road (MOPR) is a chamber music ensemble based in the Boston area that specializes in period instrument performance. The ensemble often performs "rediscovered" works from the Baroque, Classical, and Romantic periods. The ensemble, founded by Artistic Directors Suzanne Stumpf and Daniel Ryan, performs in historical buildings along the Boston Post Road, which was a trade and travel route between Boston and New York City from the late 17th through mid-19th centuries. MOPR's repertoire spans these dates. The group has produced seven CDs, toured throughout Europe and North America, and received numerous awards, including the Noah Greenberg Award from the  American Musicological Society in 1998.

American Musicological Society
The American Musicological Society (AMS) is a musicological organization which researches, promotes and produces publications on music. Founded in 1934, the AMS was begun by leading American musicologists of the time, and was crucial in legitimizing musicology as a scholarly discipline.

At present, approximately 3000 individual members from forty nations are a part of the Society. Since 1948, the AMS has published the triannual Journal of the American Musicological Society.
Microcaecilia albiceps
Microcaecilia albiceps is a species of caecilian in the family Siphonopidae. It is found in the Amazonian lowlands and slopes of the eastern Andes in Colombia (Caquetá and Putumayo Departments) and Ecuador (Napo Province), possibly extending into Loreto in Amazonian Peru.

Microcaecilia albiceps occurs in tropical primary forests where it lives underground. It has also been found in degraded forest, but it is unknown whether it can adapt to such habitat. Threats to this widespread species are believed to be localized only.

Siphonopidae
The Siphonopidae are the family of common caecilians.  They are found in Central and South America.  Like other caecilians, they superficially resemble worms or snakes.

They are the sister group to Dermophiidae, also of South America. Siphonopids are oviparous caecilians, meaning they lay eggs. They have imperforated stapes and no inner mandibular teeth. Like species of some other caecilian families, their skulls have relatively few bones, with those present being fused to form a solid ram to aid in burrowing through the soil. The mouth is recessed beneath the snout, and there is no tail.
Dawa River
The Dawa River (Somali: Webiga Daawa; Laga Daawwaa(Oromo) Italian: fiume Daua) is found in East Africa, covering an area of 58,961 km2. It flows through three major countries: Kenya, Ethiopia, and Somalia, with 81% found in Ethiopian territory. It is known for its complex geological environment, evident through its diverse lithology and structural framework, coming from the river's closeness to multiple volcanic-tectonic events. The wide river has gentle slopes either side of its exposed bedrock. The Dawa river flows south east to form part of both the Ethiopia–Somalia border and the Ethiopia–Kenya border. Awata, Digati, and Mormora are the only significant off-flowing rivers to Dawa.

Bedrock
In geology, bedrock is the solid rock that lies under weathered rock and unconsolidated or loose superficial deposits (together known as regolith) in the near surface part of Earth's crust or the crust of another terrestrial planet. The top of the bedrock is known as rockhead.
Society for the National Heritage of Iran
The Society for the National Heritage of Iran (SNH; Persian: انجمن آثار ملی ایران, romanized: anjoman asar-e meli) was a grassroots political and archeological group created by a group of educated, and nationalistic Iranians in 1922, toward the end of the Qajar governance in Iran. The society was composed of influential Iranian figures of the time with the overall goal of preservation of Iranian artifacts, archeological sites, and protection of the Iranian culture. In 1922, Iran was influenced by internal and external forces, and the SNH reflects this tug of war between what was the external forces, mainly from Europe, and the internal and social factors.

Culture of Iran
The culture of Iran (Persian: فرهنگ ایران) or culture of Persia is one of the oldest and among the most influential in the world. Iran (Persia) is widely regarded as one of the cradles of civilization. Because of its dominant geopolitical position in the world, it has heavily influenced peoples and cultures situated in Southern and Eastern Europe to the west; Central Asia to the north; and South Asia, East Asia, and Southeast Asia to the east. Iranian history has significantly influenced the world through art, architecture, poetry, science and technology, medicine, philosophy, and engineering.

An "eclectic cultural elasticity" has been said to be one of the key defining characteristics of the Iranian identity and a clue to its historical longevity.
2018–19 UEFA Youth League
The 2018–19 UEFA Youth League was the sixth season of the UEFA Youth League, a European youth club football competition organised by UEFA.

The final was played on 29 April 2019 at the Colovray Stadium in Nyon, Switzerland, between English side Chelsea and Portuguese side Porto. In their first appearance in the final, Porto won 3–1 and secured their first title in the competition, the first ever for a Portuguese team. Barcelona were the defending champions, but were eliminated by Chelsea in the semi-finals, in a rematch of the previous season's final.

UEFA Youth League
The UEFA Youth League is an annual club football competition organised by the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) since 2013. In its current format, it is contested by the under-19 teams of the clubs competing in the UEFA Champions League league phase, plus the domestic youth champions of the best-ranked national associations.

The semi-finals and final matches have been traditionally played at the Colovray Stadium in Nyon, Switzerland, although for the 2022–23 edition, they were moved to the Stade de Genève due to increased interest in the tournament from the supporters of the participating clubs. The winners are awarded the Lennart Johansson Trophy, named in honour of the former UEFA president.

The most successful team is Barcelona with three titles. They are also the current champions after beating Trabzonspor 4–1 in the 2025 final.
Ilya Segal
Ilya R. Segal is an economist who is currently Roy and Betty Anderson Professor in the Department of Economics at Stanford University. His research focuses on microeconomic theory, particularly contract theory, mechanism design and auction design.  His research interests include the design of competition policy, property rights, contracts, auctions, and other economic mechanisms. Segal has been elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, is a Fellow of the Econometric Society and member of the Toulouse Network for Information Technology. His other awards include Compass Lexecon prize for “the most significant contribution to the understanding and implementation of competition policy,” a Guggenheim Fellowship, a fellowship at the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton, an Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellowship, and a Hoover Fellowship.

The Review of Economic Studies
The Review of Economic Studies (also known as REStud) is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering economics. The journal is widely considered one of the top 5 journals in economics. It is managed by the editorial board currently chaired by Ruben Enikolopov. The current joint managing editors are Thomas Chaney at University of Southern California, Xavier D’Haultfoeuille at Center for Research in Economics and Statistics, Andrea Galeotti at London Business School, Bard Harstad at Stanford Graduate School of Business, Nir Jaimovich at University of California, San Diego, Katrine Loken at Norwegian School of Economics, Elias Papaioannou at London Business School, Vincent Sterk at University College London, and Noam Yuchtman at University of Oxford. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 6.345.
Yin Chang-yi
Yin Chang-yi (Chinese: 尹章義; pinyin: Yǐn Zhāngyì; born May 4, 1944) is a Taiwanese historian. He received a master’s degree from the Graduate Institute of History at National Taiwan University. He later served as a professor in the Department of History at Fu Jen Catholic University before retiring, and subsequently transferred to the Department of History at Chinese Culture University, where he also retired.

In the early stage of his academic career, Yin specialized in Ming dynasty history and the history of Chinese historiography. He later became well known in academic circles for his research on Taiwanese history, and in his later years turned his attention to the history of medicine and science.

Chinese Culture University
Chinese Culture University (CCU; Chinese: 中國文化大學) is a private university located in Yangmingshan in Shilin District, Taipei, Taiwan. Established in 1962, CCU is one of the largest universities in Taiwan with an enrollment of about 32,000 students. Satellite campuses are located in the Jianguo, Ximending, and Zhongxiao East Road areas of Taipei City.
Amalia de Angelis
Amalia de Angelis or Deangelis (active 1851–1871) was an Italian painter, active in Rome. Her portrait of Monsignor Josip Juraj Strossmayer, bishop of Diakovar, was lauded by contemporaries. She was named an honorary member to the Ducal Academy of Fine Arts of Parma on 15 April 1846. Her painting depicting St Lawrence and the Crowning of Solomon were awarded prizes in exhibitions held at the Campidoglio by the Congregation of the Virtuosi of the Pantheon in March 1846. The latter had also awarded prizes in 1840 by the Academy of St Luke in Rome. She also painted a canvas depicting the Blessed Michele de'Santi, presumably for the member of the Ducal Court in Parma.

Josip Juraj Strossmayer
Josip Juraj Strossmayer, also Štrosmajer (pronounced [jǒsip jûraj ʃtrǒsmajer]; German: Joseph Georg Strossmayer; 4 February 1815 – 8 April 1905) was a Croatian prelate of the Catholic Church, politician and benefactor. Between 1849 and his death, he served as the Bishop of Bosnia (Đakovo) and Syrmia. He was one of the key founders of the Yugoslav Academy of Sciences and Arts (today named Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts) and the Gallery of Old Masters in Zagreb.