hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Alexander Clouston
William Alexander Clouston (1843 – 23 October 1896) was a Scottish 19th century folklorist from Orkney.

A Supplement to Alliborne's Dictionary (1891, pp. 349–350), as quoted in Folklore, gives the following biographical information:

b. 1843, at Stromness, Orkney Islands, of an old Norse family, in early life was engaged in commercial pursuits in Glasgow and London, but relinquished these to engage in journalism and literature; he edited several Scotch provincial newspapers, 1871-79, and is a writer for the Glasgow Herald, Evening Times, &c. He has given particular attention to Oriental fiction and folklore, and contributed to Sir R. F. Burton's "Supplemental Arabian Nights" analogues and variants of some of the tales in vols. I-III.

Stromness
Stromness (locally /ˈstrʌmnɪs/, Old Norse: Straumnes; Norn: Stromnes) is the second-most populous town in Orkney, Scotland. It is in the southwestern part of Mainland, Orkney. It is a burgh with a parish around the outside with the town of Stromness as its capital.
Exposition Cotton Mills
The Exposition Cotton Mills were cotton mills located in what is now the West Midtown area of Atlanta at the upper end of the Marietta Street Artery, an area rich with industrial heritage architecture. They were built on what had been Oglethorpe Park for the International Cotton Exposition of 1881 and were demolished in 1952. A warehouse and distribution center now occupy the site.

According to Atlanta historian Franklin Garrett, the success of the mills was "immediate," had been "continuous," and "had much to do with the growth of the cotton-million industry in the South... turning out more than 12,000,000 miles (19,000,000 km) of yarn a month and weaving more than 1,000 miles (1,600 km) of cloth per month.

The original address was 794 West Marietta Street, but has since changed to 841 Joseph E. Lowery Blvd. (formerly Ashby Street) NW.

Franklin Garrett
Franklin Miller Garrett (September 25, 1906 – March 5, 2000) was an American historian, particularly of Atlanta, Georgia. His massive Atlanta and Environs: A Chronicle of its People and Events is a book about the city's history.
1953 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election
Elections to the Labour Party's Shadow Cabinet (more formally, its "Parliamentary Committee") occurred in 1953. In addition to the 12 members elected, the Leader (Clement Attlee), Deputy Leader (Herbert Morrison), Labour Chief Whip (William Whiteley), Labour Leader in the House of Lords (William Jowitt) were automatically members. All incumbent members of the Shadow Cabinet retained their seats.

The results of the election are listed below:

† Multiple candidates tied for position.

Official Opposition Shadow Cabinet (United Kingdom)
The Official Opposition Shadow Cabinet, or His Majesty's Most Loyal Opposition Shadow Cabinet, usually simply the Shadow Cabinet, is the committee of senior members of the Official Opposition who scrutinise the work of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom. Each Shadow Cabinet member is typically given a position which corresponds to that of a government minister in Cabinet.
2022 Challenger Banque Nationale de Saguenay – Doubles
Mélodie Collard and Leylah Fernandez were the defending champions but both players chose not to participate.

Arianne Hartono and Olivia Tjandramulia won the title, defeating Catherine Harrison and Yanina Wickmayer in the final, 5–7, 7–6(7–3), [10–8].

Yanina Wickmayer
Yanina Wickmayer (born 20 October 1989) is a Belgian former professional tennis player. She reached the semifinals at the 2009 US Open, and a career-high ranking of world No. 12, on 19 April 2010. In doubles, she achieved a career-high of world No. 61, on 11 September 2023. She was awarded "Most Improved Player" by the WTA in 2009. Time magazine named her one of the "30 Legends of Women's Tennis: Past, Present and Future" in June 2011.
Coonipper Creek
Coonipper Creek is a stream in the U.S. state of Mississippi. It lies near the hamlets of Sumrall, Mississippi and De Soto, Mississippi and is situated at an elevation of approximately 51 meters (167 feet) above sea level.

Coonipper is a name derived from the Choctaw language purported to refer to the "name of a weed which grows in low grounds". A variant name is "Coonupy Creek".

Choctaw language
The Choctaw language (Choctaw: Chahta), spoken by the Choctaw, an Indigenous people of the Southeastern Woodlands, US, is a member of the Muskogean language family. Chickasaw is a separate but closely related language to Choctaw.

The Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma published the New Choctaw dictionary in 2016.
Endogenous agonist
In pharmacology, an endogenous agonist for a particular receptor is a compound naturally produced by the body which binds to and activates that receptor. For example, the primary endogenous agonist for serotonin receptors is serotonin, and the primary endogenous agonist for dopamine receptors is dopamine.

In general, receptors for small molecule neurotransmitters such as serotonin will have only one endogenous agonist, but often have many different receptor subtypes (e.g. 13 different receptors for serotonin). On the other hand, neuropeptide receptors tend to have fewer subtypes, but may have several different endogenous agonists. This allows for a high degree of complexity in the body's signalling system, with different tissues often showing quite distinct responses to a particular ligand. Some endogenous antagonists and inverse agonists are also known (e.g., kynurenic acid at the NMDA receptor), but these are much less common.

Dopamine receptor
Dopamine receptors are a class of G protein-coupled receptors that are prominent in the vertebrate central nervous system (CNS). Dopamine receptors activate different effectors through not only G-protein coupling, but also signalling through different protein (dopamine receptor-interacting proteins) interactions. The neurotransmitter dopamine is the primary endogenous ligand for dopamine receptors.

Dopamine receptors are implicated in many neurological processes, including motivational and incentive salience, cognition, memory, learning, and fine motor control, as well as modulation of neuroendocrine signalling. Abnormal dopamine receptor signalling and dopaminergic nerve function is implicated in several neuropsychiatric disorders. Thus, dopamine receptors are common neurologic drug targets; antipsychotics are often dopamine receptor antagonists while psychostimulants are typically indirect agonists of dopamine receptors.
National Rainbow Coalition – Kenya
The National Rainbow Coalition–Kenya (NARC–Kenya) is a political party in Kenya. The party was formed after the defeat of the government-sponsored draft constitution. It was formed by National Rainbow Coalition members loyal to the government. The party, though months old, captured 3 parliamentary seats (Nakuru Town, Saku and North Horr) and 2 Civic seats in the by-elections of 24 July 2006 that was seen as a litmus test for the upcoming general elections for which the new party was planned to play a major role in securing reelection for president Mwai Kibaki.

2005 Kenyan constitutional referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in Kenya on 21 November 2005. Although many government officials, including President Mwai Kibaki, had campaigned for a "yes" vote, the proposed new constitution was rejected by 58% of voters.

Despite the rising number of literate voters in Kenya (74%), ballot papers used symbols as well as text to indicate the choices. Supporters of the new constitution were assigned the symbol of a banana, while the opposition was assigned the orange, ultimately leading to the opposition group being named the Orange Democratic Movement.

The referendum divided the ruling National Rainbow Coalition into camps for and against the proposal, as well as spurring violence between Orange and Banana supporters; nine people died during the campaign period spread over several months, but the process itself was peaceful.
Nemiroğlu, Tarsus
Nemiroğlu is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Tarsus, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 109 (2022). It is situated in Çukurova (Cilicia of the antiquity) to the east of Tarsus and to the south of the Turkish state highway D.400.
Its distance to Tarsus is 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) and its distance to Mersin is 40 kilometres (25 mi). Its main economic activity is agriculture with grapes being the village's major crop.

Çukurova
Çukurova (Turkish pronunciation: [tʃuˈkuɾova]), or the Cilician Plain (Cilicia Pedias in antiquity), is a large fertile plain in the Cilicia region of southern Anatolia. The plain covers the easternmost areas of Mersin Province, southern and central Adana Province, western Osmaniye Province and northwestern Hatay Province.
Heathfield, Devon
Heathfield is a residential area and industrial estate in Bovey Tracey parish, in the Teignbridge district of Devon, England. It is 2 miles south east of Bovey Tracey town centre and is next to the A382 and A38 roads. In 2011 the surrounding built-up area had a population of 1,832.

Teignbridge
Teignbridge (/ˈtiːnbrɪdʒ/ TEEN-brij) is a local government district in Devon, England. Its council is based in the town of Newton Abbot. The district also includes the towns of Ashburton, Buckfastleigh, Dawlish, Bovey Tracey, Kingsteignton and Teignmouth, along with numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. Teignbridge contains part of the south Devon coastline, including the Dawlish Warren National Nature Reserve. Some of the inland western parts of the district lie within the Dartmoor National Park. It is named after the old Teignbridge hundred.

The neighbouring districts are Torbay, South Hams, West Devon, Mid Devon, East Devon and Exeter.
Sam Milgrom
Steven Allen Milgrom, (born November 19, 1952), commonly known as Sam Milgrom, is an American gallerist, curator, concert promoter and record store entrepreneur who founded Sam's Jams record stores in Detroit, Michigan, the Magic Bag live music venue in Ferndale, Michigan (a suburb of Detroit), and Musichead Gallery in Los Angeles, the first art gallery to specialize in art related to music from the rock and roll era and beyond.

Sunset Boulevard
Sunset Boulevard is a boulevard in the central and western part of Los Angeles, California, United States, that stretches from the Pacific Coast Highway in Pacific Palisades east to Figueroa Street in downtown Los Angeles. It is a major thoroughfare in the cities of Beverly Hills and West Hollywood (including a portion known as the Sunset Strip), as well as several districts in Los Angeles.
Fort Forman
Fort Forman (also spelled Furman or Foreman) was a stockade fort erected by Captain William Foreman at the beginning of the French and Indian War situated three miles north of Romney on the South Branch Potomac River near Vance on West Virginia Route 28.  Fort Furman was in use from its construction in 1755 until 1764.

Later, from Hampshire County in 1777, William Foreman led a company to the Ohio River for the relief of Fort Henry at Wheeling. Forman’s party fell into an ambuscade by Native Americans at "McMechen Narrows" on the Ohio near Moundsville. Twenty-one of the Virginians were killed at the first fire and several men were badly wounded. This ambuscade is known as "Foreman’s Defeat."

Hampshire County, West Virginia
Hampshire County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 23,093. Its county seat is Romney, West Virginia's oldest town (1762). The county was created by the Virginia General Assembly in 1754, from parts of Frederick and Augusta Counties (Virginia) and is the state's oldest county. The county lies in West Virginia's Potomac Highlands region.

Hampshire County is part of the Winchester, VA-WV Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Colin Cheng
Colin Cheng Xinru (Chinese: 鄭忻如; pinyin: Zhèng Xīnrú; born 10 September 1989) is a Singaporean sailor. He has been cited as "the top Asian sailor in the men’s laser standard class".

Cheng won the gold medal at the Laser 4.7 competition at the 2006 Asian Games held in Doha. He switched to Laser class and won the silver medal at the 2010 Asian Games held in Guangzhou, China.

Cheng has resided in New South Wales, Australia since 2010, where he has studied and trained at the University of New South Wales.

Cheng competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in the men's Laser class, finishing 15th of 49.

In 2014, Cheng competed in the 2014 Asian Games held in Incheon, South Korea and won the bronze medal.

In 2015, he competed in the 2015 SEA Games. In March–April 2016 he finished 13th in the Trofeo Princesa Sofía regatta in Spain and in May 2016 he finished 26th out of 112 in the Laser World Championships in Riviera Nayarit, Mexico. He competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics.

Riviera Nayarit
The Riviera Nayarit (Spanish pronunciation: [ri'βjeɾa naʝa'ɾit]) is a nearly 200-mile (320 km) stretch of coastline in Mexico between the historic port of San Blas, Nayarit, to where the Ameca River empties into Banderas Bay, Nuevo Vallarta.

Riviera Nayarit was named to promote the coastline of Nayarit, and it includes such notable sites as Chacala Bay and Chacalilla.
First landing of Filipinos in the United States
On 18 October 1587, the first Filipinos, labeled “Luzon Indios”, and arriving as ship crew and slaves, landed in Morro Bay aboard the Spanish ship Nuestra Señora de Buena Esperanza, which had sailed from Portuguese Macau, as part of the Manila galleon trade. During about three days of travels ashore around Morro Bay, the crew of the ship came in contact with the Chumash people, ultimately resulting in the deaths of two crew members: a Spaniard and a Filipino.

Departing Morro Bay after the deaths of the crew members, the Nuestra Señora de Buena Esperanza eventually reached its intended destination of Acapulco. No other Filipino was brought to California until 1595. In 1995, a monument on Morro Bay was dedicated to commemorate the events of 1587. October has been designated as Filipino American History Month since 2009 in recognition of these events.

Anson Archipelago
The Anson Archipelago was a designation for a widely scattered group of purported islands in the Western North Pacific Ocean between Japan and Hawaii. The group was supposed to include Wake Island and Marcus Island, as well as many phantom islands such as Los Jardines, Ganges Island, Rica de Oro, and Rica de Plata (the latter two sometimes referred to as Roca de Oro and Roca de Plata).  The archipelago was named after George Anson, who seized Spanish navigational charts of these waters during his voyage around the world.

As time passed, it turned out there were   no islands west of Kure Atoll (Ocean Island until the 1920s) until reaching Japan. To the east and north of what was alleged to be Anson is the Hawaiian–Emperor seamount chain, the eastern portion of which form the real Hawaiian island chain.
WD postcode area
The WD postcode area, also known as the Watford postcode area, is a group of eleven postcode districts in south-east England, within seven post towns. These cover south-west Hertfordshire (including Watford, Rickmansworth, Borehamwood, Kings Langley, Abbots Langley, Bushey and Radlett), plus very small parts of Buckinghamshire and Greater London.

Mail for this area is sorted at the Home Counties North Mail Centre in Hemel Hempstead, having been sorted at the Watford Mail Centre until its closure in 2011. The area covered includes all of the borough of Watford, most of the Three Rivers district, the western part of the Hertsmere district and small parts of the Dacorum and St Albans districts. WD3 also covers the village of Chenies in Buckinghamshire, plus a small protrusion of Harefield in the London Borough of Hillingdon.

Three Rivers District
Three Rivers is a local government district in south-west Hertfordshire, England. Its council is based in Rickmansworth. The district borders Hertsmere, Watford, St Albans, Dacorum, Buckinghamshire, and the London boroughs of Hillingdon and Harrow.
Persipro 54
Persatuan Sepakbola Indonesia Probolinggo 1954 or Persipro 1954 is an Indonesian football club based in Probolinggo, East Java. They currently compete in the Liga 4.

Persipro stadium named Bayu Angga Stadium. Its location was in downtown Probolinggo.

Liga 4 (Indonesia)
Liga 4 (English: League Four) is the fourth-tier of the football competition system in Indonesia. The competition is organized by the Football Association of Indonesia (PSSI) and the first season started in 2024.
Sport in Wales
Sport in Wales plays a prominent role in Welsh culture. Like the other countries of the United Kingdom, Wales enjoys independent representation in major world sporting events such as the FIFA World Cup and in the Rugby World Cup, but competes as part of Great Britain in some other competitions, including the Olympics.

The Millennium Stadium is the largest stadium in Wales. Located in Cardiff, it is the home of the Wales national rugby union team with a capacity of 74,505. It was the temporary location for English football and rugby league finals during the redevelopment of Wembley Stadium.
The Cardiff City Stadium is currently the home of the Wales national football team.

Sport Wales is responsible for sport in Wales.

In 2008/09, Cardiff had the highest percentage (61%) of residents who regularly participated in sport and active recreation out of all 22 local authorities in Wales, whereas Rhondda Cynon Taf had the lowest (24%).

Welsh Rugby Union
The Welsh Rugby Union (WRU; Welsh: Undeb Rygbi Cymru) is the governing body of rugby union in the country of Wales, recognised by the sport's international governing body, World Rugby.

The WRU is responsible for the running of rugby in Wales, overseeing 320 member clubs, the Welsh national team and National Leagues and Cups. The WRU is headed by the President (Terry Cobner), chairman (Richard Collier-Keywood) and CEO (Abi Tierney).
Al-Faruq Mosque (Denmark)
The Al-Faruq Mosque, also known as the Masjid al-Faruq, is a mosque located in Nørrebro, Copenhagen, Denmark. The relatively obscure mosque became a centre of controversy between 2017 and 2019 due to its association with Hizb ut-Tahrir, an international pan-Islamist and Islamic fundamentalist political organization.

Søren Pape Poulsen
Søren Pape Poulsen (31 December 1971 – 2 March 2024) was a Danish politician who served as a member of the Folketing for the Danish Conservative Party and its leader from 2014 until his death. He was previously Mayor of Viborg Municipality from 2010 to 2014 and Justice Minister of Denmark from 2016 to 2019.
1934 All-Ireland Junior Hurling Championship
The 1934 All-Ireland Junior Hurling Championship was the 17th staging of the All-Ireland Junior Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1912.

Tipperary entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were beaten by Cork in the Munster first round.

The All-Ireland final was played on 4 November 1934 at St. Conleth's Park in Newbridge, between Waterford and London, in what was their first ever meeting in a final. Waterford won the match by 3-05 to 3-03 to claim their second championship title overall and a first title since 1931.

Newbridge, County Kildare
Newbridge, officially known by its Irish name Droichead Nua (pronounced [ˈd̪ˠɾˠɛçəd̪ˠ ˈn̪ˠuə]), is a town in County Kildare, Ireland. While the nearby Great Connell Priory was founded in the 13th century, the town itself formed from the 18th century onwards, and grew rapidly alongside a military barracks which opened in the early 19th century. Taking on the name Newbridge (An Droichead Nua) in the 20th century, the town expanded to support the local catchment, and also as a commuter town for Dublin. Doubling in population during the 20 years between 1991 and 2011, its population of 24,366 in 2022 makes it the second largest town in Kildare and the sixteenth-largest in Ireland.
1905 North Donegal by-election
The 1905 North Donegal by-election was a parliamentary by-election held for the United Kingdom House of Commons constituency of North Donegal on 15 June 1905. The vacancy arose because of the death of the sitting member, William O'Doherty of the Irish Parliamentary Party. Only one candidate was nominated, John Muldoon representing the Irish Parliamentary Party, who was elected unopposed.

North Donegal
North Donegal was a UK Parliament constituency in Ireland, returning one Member of Parliament from 1885 to 1922.

Prior to the 1885 United Kingdom general election the area was part of the Donegal constituency. From 1922, on the establishment of the Irish Free State, it was not represented in the UK Parliament.
Shiloh Indian Mounds Site
Shiloh Indian Mounds Site (40HR7) is an archaeological site of the South Appalachian Mississippian culture (a regional variation of the Mississippian culture). It is located beside the Tennessee River on the grounds of the Shiloh National Military Park, in Hardin County of southwestern Tennessee.  A National Historic Landmark, it is one of the largest Woodland era sites in the southeastern United States.

Wattle and daub
Wattle and daub is a composite building method in which a woven lattice of wooden strips called "wattle" is "daubed" with a sticky material usually made of some combination of wet soil, clay, sand, and straw.  Wattle and daub has been used for at least 6,000 years and is still an important construction method in many parts of the world. Many historic buildings include wattle and daub construction.
2011 HP Open – Doubles
Chang Kai-chen and Lilia Osterloh were the defending champions, but Osterloh chose not to compete.

Chang played alongside Jill Craybas, but lost in the first round to Chan Chin-wei and Han Xinyun.

Fourth seeds Kimiko Date-Krumm and Zhang Shuai won the title, defeating two-time Grand Slam champions Vania King and Yaroslava Shvedova in the final.

Han Xinyun
Han Xinyun (Chinese: 韩馨蕴; pinyin: Hán Xīnyùn; Mandarin pronunciation: [xǎn ɕín ŷn]; born 30 May 1990), also known as Monica Han, is a Chinese former tennis player.

Han won three doubles titles on the WTA Tour, as well as one doubles title on the WTA Challenger Tour. In addition, she won 35 titles (9 in singles and 26 in doubles) on the ITF Women's Circuit. On 24 October 2016, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 105. On 29 July 2019, she peaked at No. 50 in the WTA doubles rankings.

Playing for China Fed Cup team, Han recorded a win–loss record of 2–1.
Medical software
Medical software is any software item or system used within a medical context. This can include:

Standalone software used for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.

Software used by health care providers to reduce paperwork and offer digital services to patients, e.g., a patient portal.

Software embedded in a medical device (often referred to as "medical device software").

Software that drives a medical device or determines how it is used.

Software that acts as an accessory to a medical device.

Software used in the design, production, and testing of a medical device (or)

Software that provides quality control management of a medical device.

Medical Devices Directive
The Medical Device Directive—Council Directive 93/42/EEC of 14 June 1993 concerning medical devices—is intended to harmonise the laws relating to medical devices within the European Union. The MD Directive is a 'New Approach' Directive and consequently in order for a manufacturer to legally place a medical device on the European market the requirements of the MD Directive have to be met. Manufacturers' products meeting 'harmonised standards' have a presumption of conformity to the Directive. Products conforming with the MD Directive must have a CE mark applied. The Directive was most recently reviewed and amended by the 2007/47/EC and a number of changes were made. Compliance with the revised directive became mandatory on 21 March 2010.

The Medical Devices Directive is being repealed and replaced by the 2017 EU Medical Device Regulation (EU 2017/745), effective on 26 May 2021.