hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James Stuart (linguist)
James Stuart (1868–1942) was a civil servant of the Colony of Natal and Zulu linguist; also a collector of Zulu oral tradition. He compiled five school readers containing Zulu poetry and narrative.

Webb's notes were posthumously edited and published by Colin Webb (historian) and John Wright.

Zulu language
Zulu (/ˈzuːluː/ ZOO-loo), or isiZulu as an endonym, is a Southern Bantu language of the Nguni branch spoken in, and indigenous to, Southern Africa with about 13.56 million native speakers, who primarily inhabit the province of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa. The word "KwaZulu-Natal" translates into English as "Home of the Zulu Nation is Natal". Zulu is the most widely spoken home language in South Africa (24% of the population), and it is understood by over 50% of its population. It became one of South Africa's 12 official languages in 1994.

According to Ethnologue, it is the second-most widely spoken of the Bantu languages, after Swahili. Like many other Bantu languages, it is written with the Latin alphabet.

In South African English, the language is often referred to in its native form, isiZulu.
Stella by Starlight
"Stella by Starlight" is a popular jazz standard with music by Victor Young that was drawn from thematic material composed for the main title and soundtrack of the 1944 Paramount Pictures film The Uninvited. Appearing in the film's underscore as well as in source music as an instrumental theme song without lyrics, it was turned over to Ned Washington, who wrote the lyrics for it in 1946.

At one point in the film, the main character, Rick (Ray Milland) tells Stella (Gail Russell) that he is playing a serenade, "To Stella by Starlight".

Diegetic music
Diegetic music, also called source music, is music that is part of the fictional world portrayed in a narrative (such as a film, show, play, or video game) and is thus knowingly performed or heard by the characters. This is in contrast to non-diegetic music, which is incidental music or a score that is heard by the viewer but not the characters, or in musical theater, when characters are singing in a manner that they would not do in a realistic setting.
Wayamboweg
Wayamboweg is a resort in Suriname, located in the Saramacca District.  Its population at the 2012 census was 1,560. The largest ethnic group is East Indian. The resort is mainly agricultural.  A rice project has started in late 2017.

In the early 21st century, a high school has been opened. The resort is located near the ocean, and tourism facilities are being developed in the resort. Staatsolie is drilling for oil in the Wayambozwamp.

The village of Smithfield is located in the area.

Indo-Surinamese
Indo-Surinamese, Indian-Surinamese,  or Hindustani Surinamese are nationals of Suriname who trace their ancestry to the Indian subcontinent. Their ancestors were indentured labourers brought by the Dutch and the British to the Dutch colony of Suriname, beginning in 1873 and continuing during the British Raj. Per the 2012 Census of Suriname, 148,443 citizens of Suriname are of Indo-Surinamese origin,  constituting 27.4% of the total population, making them the largest ethnic group in Suriname on an individual level. They are a subgroup of Asian Surinamese and Indo-Caribbean people.
Cinchonism
Cinchonism is a pathological condition caused by an overdose of quinine or its natural source, cinchona bark.  Quinine and its derivatives are used medically to treat malaria and lupus erythematosus. In much smaller amounts, quinine is an ingredient of tonic drinks, acting as a bittering agent. Cinchonism can occur from therapeutic doses of quinine, either from one or several large doses. Quinidine (a Class 1A anti-arrhythmic) can also cause cinchonism symptoms to develop with as little as a single dose.

Lupus erythematosus
Lupus erythematosus is a collection of autoimmune diseases in which the human immune system becomes hyperactive and attacks healthy tissues. Symptoms of these diseases can affect many different body systems, including joints, skin, kidneys, blood cells, heart, and lungs. The most common and most severe form is systemic lupus erythematosus.
Weissenhaus Freestyle Chess Grand Slam
The Weissenhaus Freestyle Chess Grand Slam was a 10-player Chess960 tournament that took place in Wangels, Germany from 7 February to 14 February 2025. It was the first leg of the Freestyle Chess Grand Slam Tour, a series of Chess960 tournaments being held throughout 2025.

Javokhir Sindarov
Javokhir Sindarov (born 8 December 2005) is an Uzbek chess grandmaster. A chess prodigy, he became a grandmaster at the age of 12 years, 10 months, and 8 days. He is a two-time national champion, and was part of the Uzbek team that won the 44th Chess Olympiad.

He won the 2025 Chess World Cup and qualified to the 2026 Candidates Tournament. His second is Mukhiddin Madaminov.
Obasan
Obasan is a novel by Japanese-Canadian author Joy Kogawa. First published by Lester and Orpen Dennys in 1981, it chronicles Canada's internment and persecution of its citizens of Japanese descent during the Second World War from the perspective of a young child. In 2005, it was the One Book, One Vancouver selection.

The book is often a required reading for university English courses on Canadian literature. It also figures in ethnic studies and Asian-American literature courses in the United States.

Kogawa uses strong imagery of silence, stones, and streams throughout the novel. She has many interesting dreams that are carried throughout the novel, as well. Themes depicted in the novel include memory and forgetting, prejudice and tolerance, identity, and justice versus injustice. Kogawa also contemplates many of these themes in her poetry.

Imagery
Imagery is the literary device of using vivid sensory language. Less commonly known as enargia, it is figurative language that evokes a mental image or other kinds of sense impressions in the reader or listener. Imagery in narrative literature can also be instrumental in conveying tone, mood, and other literary elements.
Chris Ciezki
Chris Ciezki (born January 6, 1981) is a Canadian former professional football fullback for the Edmonton Eskimos of the Canadian Football League. In 2004 Ciezki was awarded the Wally Buono Award recognizing Canada's top junior football player. He was signed by the BC Lions as an undrafted free agent in 2007. He played CIS football for the UBC Thunderbirds.  Chris retired in April 2011.

UBC Thunderbirds
The UBC Thunderbirds are the athletic teams that represent the University of British Columbia. In Canadian intercollegiate competition, the Thunderbirds are the most successful athletic program both regionally in the Canada West Universities Athletic Association, and nationally in U Sports, winning 119 national titles. UBC has won an additional 21 national titles competing in the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics against collegiate competition from the United States and 43 national titles in sports that compete in independent competitions.
Whangateau Harbour
The Whangateau Harbour is a natural harbour in New Zealand. It is a sandspit estuary, located on the north-eastern coast of the Auckland Region north-east of Matakana, and empties into the Hauraki Gulf. Due to the harbour's high quality water and dense shellfish beds (primarily pipi), the harbour is a popular spot for shellfish gathering.

Hauraki Gulf
The Hauraki Gulf (Māori: Tīkapa Moana) is a coastal feature of the North Island of New Zealand. It has an area of 4000 km2, and lies between, in anticlockwise order, the Auckland Region, the Hauraki Plains, the Coromandel Peninsula, and Great Barrier Island. Most of the gulf is part of the Hauraki Gulf Marine Park.

Hauraki is Māori for north wind. In 2014, the gulf was officially named Hauraki Gulf / Tīkapa Moana. The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "the mournful sea" for Tīkapa Moana.  In traditional legend, the Hauraki Gulf is protected by a taniwha named Ureia, who takes the form of a whale.
Muzi Khoza
Muzi Khoza is a South African politician and a member of Parliament (MP) for the Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF). He was elected to the National Assembly of South Africa in the 2024 South African general election. Khoza holds a degree in Agricultural Extension and Rural Resource Management at the University of Mpumalanga.

Parliament of South Africa
The Parliament of the Republic of South Africa is South Africa's legislature. It is located in Cape Town; the country's legislative capital.

Under the present Constitution of South Africa, the bicameral Parliament comprises a National Assembly and a National Council of Provinces. The current twenty-eighth Parliament was first convened on 14 June 2024.

From 1910 to 1994, members of Parliament were elected chiefly by the South African white minority.  The first elections with universal suffrage were held in 1994.

Both chambers held their meetings in the Houses of Parliament, Cape Town that were built 1875–1884. A fire broke out within the buildings in early January 2022, destroying the session room of the National Assembly. It was decided that, during construction work at Parliament, the National Assembly would temporarily meet at the Good Hope Chamber.
2010 French Open – Girls' doubles
Elena Bogdan and Noppawan Lertcheewakarn were the defending champions, but they did not compete in the juniors this year.

Tímea Babos and Sloane Stephens won the tournament, defeating Lara Arruabarrena Vecino and María Teresa Torró Flor in the final, 6–2, 6–3.

María Teresa Torró Flor
María Teresa Torró Flor (Spanish pronunciation: [maˈɾi.a teˈɾesa toˈro floɾ]; born 2 May 1992) is a Spanish former professional tennis player.

In her career, Torró Flor won one singles title and three doubles titles on the WTA Tour, as well as 18 singles and five doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. On 5 May 2014, she reached her career-high singles ranking of world No. 47. On 8 June 2015, she peaked at No. 47 in the doubles rankings.

Torró Flor was victorious upon her debut for the Spain Fed Cup team in February 2013, defeating Ukraine's Yuliya Beygelzimer in their 2013 Fed Cup World Group II tie.
M. W. H. de Silva
Manikku Wadumestri Hendrick de Silva, QC (22 September 1886 - 6 March 1960) was a Ceylonese lawyer, judge and statesman. He served in several top legal positions in the island, as the  26th Attorney General of Ceylon, a Puisne Justice of the Supreme Court of Ceylon and finally the Minister of Justice in the cabinet of S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike as a member of the Senate of Ceylon.

Demographics of Sri Lanka
This is a demography of the population of Sri Lanka including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the population, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

Sri Lanka is an island in the Indian Ocean, also called Ceylon and many other names. It is about the size of Ireland. It is about 28 kilometres (18 mi.) off the south-eastern coast of India with a population of about 22 million. Density is highest in the south west where Colombo, the country's main port and industrial center, is located. The net population growth is about 0.7%. Sri Lanka is ethnically, linguistically, and religiously diverse.
Vladimir Andrunakievich
Vladimir Aleksandrovich Andrunakievich (Russian: Владимир Александрович Андрунакиевич; 3 April 1917 – 22 July 1997) was a Soviet and Moldovan mathematician, known for his work in abstract algebra. He was a doctor of physical and mathematical sciences (1958), academician (1961) and vice-president (1964—1969, 1979—1990) of the Moldavian Soviet Academy of Sciences. Laureate of the State Prize of the Moldavian SSR (1972).

Andrunakievich was born in Petrograd and he graduated from the Faculty of Mathematics at the University of Iași. He received his Ph.D. from the Moscow State University in 1947 under the supervision of Aleksandr Gennadievich Kurosh and Otto Schmidt.

State Prizes of the Soviet Republics
The State Prizes of the Soviet Republics were each republic counterpart to the USSR State Prize. Each republic granted several different prizes, generally named after writers or artists from the republic, as well as a blanket Komsomol prize for young artists.
Trophic coherence
Trophic coherence is a property of directed graphs (or directed networks). It is based on the concept of trophic levels used mainly in ecology, but which can be defined for directed networks in general and provides a measure of hierarchical structure among nodes. Trophic coherence is the tendency of nodes to fall into well-defined trophic levels. It has been related to several structural and dynamical properties of directed networks, including the prevalence of cycles and network motifs, ecological stability, intervality, and spreading processes like epidemics and neuronal avalanches.

Network motif
Network motifs are recurrent and statistically significant subgraphs or patterns of a larger graph. All networks, including biological networks, social networks, technological networks (e.g., computer networks and electrical circuits) and more, can be represented as graphs, which include a wide variety of subgraphs.

Network motifs are sub-graphs that repeat themselves in a specific network or even among various networks. Each of these sub-graphs, defined by a particular pattern of interactions between vertices, may reflect a framework in which particular functions are achieved efficiently. Indeed, motifs are of notable importance largely because they may reflect functional properties. They have recently gathered much attention as a useful concept to uncover structural design principles of complex networks. Although network motifs may provide a deep insight into the network's functional abilities, their detection is computationally challenging.
Hess Mountain
Hess Mountain, also known as Mount Hess, is an 11,940 ft (3,640 m) elevation glaciated summit located on the crest of the Alaska Range, in Alaska, United States. It is the seventh-highest peak in the Hayes Range which is a subrange of the Alaska Range. This remote peak is situated 13.3 mi (21 km) west of Mount Hayes, and 90 mi (145 km) south of Fairbanks. Mount Deborah, the nearest higher neighbor, is positioned 2.8 mi (5 km) to the west. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into tributaries of the Susitna and Tanana River drainage basins. The mountain's name was reported in 1912 by the United States Geological Survey. The first ascent was made May 24, 1951, by Alston Paige, Dick Holdren, Ed Huizer, Howard Bowman, and Elton Thayer. The first ascent via the North Ridge was made May 23, 1976, by Steven Hackett and Thomas Hillis.

Susitna River
The Susitna River (/suːˈsɪtnə/; Ahtena: Sasutna’; Tanaina: Susitnu) is a 313-mile (504 km) long river in the Southcentral Alaska. It is the 15th largest river in the United States, ranked by average discharge volume at its mouth. The river stretches from the Susitna Glacier to Cook Inlet's Knik Arm.
Matt Tanzini
Matthew "Matt" Tanzini (born June 3, 1976, in Binghamton, New York) is an American soccer attacking midfielder.

Tanzini started his career with West Virginia University, spent three seasons with the Harrisburg Heat.  During the 2000–2001 season, the Heat played in the indoor National Professional Soccer League.  In 2001, the NSPL was restructured and became the Major Indoor Soccer League.  Tanzini then spent two seasons with the Heat in MISL. In 2003, he signed for the Kansas City Comets, but left to join outdoor side Harrisburg City Islanders before playing a match. He then played four seasons with the Islanders before leaving at the end of the 2007 season.

Harrisburg Heat (1991–2003)
The Harrisburg Heat were an American professional indoor soccer team based in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. The team was part of the National Professional Soccer League, which later became the Major Indoor Soccer League, and has been defunct since 2003.
1998 Grand Prix de Tennis de Toulouse – Singles
The 1998 Grand Prix de Tennis de Toulouse was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard in Toulouse, France that was part of the International Series of the 1998 ATP Tour. It was the seventeenth edition of the tournament and was held from 28 September – 4 October.

Nicolas Kiefer was the defending champion, but lost in the semifinals to Greg Rusedski.

Jan Siemerink won the title by defeating Greg Rusedski 6–4, 6–4 in the final.

This tournament was notable for being where future 20-time Grand Slam champion and world No. 1 Roger Federer recorded his first match win.

Martin Sinner
Martin Sinner (born 7 February 1968) is a professional tennis player from Germany.  He achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No. 42 in 1995.

Sinner played professional tennis for 15 years and earned $896,974. Currently he is a coach in tennis club SV Böblingen (Germany).
Demyanka
The Demyanka (Russian: Демьянка) is a river in the Omsk Oblast and Tyumen Oblast, Russia. It is a right tributary of the Irtysh. The river's source lies in the Vasyugan Swamp. It is 1,159 kilometres (720 mi) long, and has a drainage basin of 34,800 square kilometres (13,400 sq mi).

The river bed is unbranched, strongly meandering. The bottom of the river bed is either ooze or sandy. During the spring rise of the water level, the river partially becomes navigable. The riverbed in shallow water is cluttered with fallen trees and bushes. The sloping longitudinal slope is insignificant - 0.034 ‰. Ice drifting takes place on the rise of high water.

The Demyanka basin is significantly swampy: 50% of it is covered by marshes, 45% by forest. Small lakes are numerous, but their surface area does not exceed 2.0%.

On the river there is the settlement of Demyanka, but on the whole the Demyanka basin is sparsely populated. There are no large settlements.

Omsk Oblast
Omsk Oblast (Russian: О́мская о́бласть, romanized: Omskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in southwestern Siberia. The oblast has an area of 139,700 square kilometers (53,900 sq mi). Its population is 1,977,665 (2010 Census) with the majority, 1.12 million, living in Omsk, the administrative center.

The oblast borders Tyumen Oblast in the north and west, Novosibirsk Oblast and Tomsk Oblast in the east, and Kazakhstan in the south.
LeeMujin Service
LeeMujin Service (Korean: 리무진 서비스; RR: Rimujin seobiseu) is a South Korean talk show and live music web television program hosted by South Korean singer-songwriter Lee Mu-jin. First airing on 22 February 2022, the program airs every Tuesday at 6 pm KST on the YouTube channel KBS Kpop, and re-runs air on KBS2 every Tuesday at 11 pm KST.

The program features live music performances from individual idol group members and solo acts, without an audience. The name of the show is a pun on the phrase "limousine service"; the Korean pronunciation of "limousine" sounds identical to the American pronunciation of the host's name "Lee Mu-jin."

KBS2
KBS 2TV (Korean: KBS 제2텔레비전) is a South Korean free-to-air television channel launched on 1 December 1980 and owned by Korean Broadcasting System. In contrast to KBS1, the channel specializes primarily in entertainment.
WMSTR
WMSTR, or the Western Minnesota Steam Threshers Reunion, is an annual, non-profit "steam meet" held in the small town of Rollag, Minnesota. It takes place over the weekend of the US Labor Day holiday (first Monday in September), and draws around 80,000 visitors during the four days of the event.

Beginning in 1954, the reunion has grown from a few farmers threshing grain, as their fathers had, to one of the largest steam venues in the nation. Antique and steam tractors and automobiles are featured.

Live steam
Live steam is steam under pressure, obtained by heating water in a boiler. The steam may be used to operate stationary or moving equipment.

A live steam machine or device is one powered by steam, but the term is usually reserved for those that are replicas, scale models, toys, or otherwise used for heritage, museum, entertainment, or recreational purposes, to distinguish them from similar devices powered by electricity, internal combustion, or some other more convenient method but designed to look as if they are steam-powered. Revenue-earning steam-powered machines such as mainline and narrow gauge steam locomotives, full-sized steamships, and the worldwide electric power-generating industry  steam turbines are not normally referred to as "live steam".

Steamrollers and traction engines are popular, in 1:4 or 1:3 scale, as are model stationary steam engines, ranging from pocket-size to 1:2 scale.
Gwen Munro
Gwendolyn Mina Munro (30 November 1913 – 6 April 1970) was an Australian actress best known for playing the female lead in Orphan of the Wilderness (1936). She was called "a lively beauty who should've had a bigger film career."

Search for Beauty
Search for Beauty is a 1934 American pre-Code dramedy film with some musical athletic sequences in the style of Busby Berkeley. It was directed by Erle C. Kenton and stars Buster Crabbe and Ida Lupino. The film was released shortly before Lupino's 16th birthday.
Los Angeles Police Protective League
The Los Angeles Police Protective League (LAPPL) is the police union representing Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) officers up to the rank of lieutenant. LAPPL has a membership of 9,900 sworn officers.

The LAPPL serves to protect the interests of LAPD officers through lobbying, legislative and legal advocacy, political action and education. LAPPL has long supported more traditional law-and-order policies. As of 2020, LAPPL is currently led by Craig Lally, President, and Jerretta Sandoz, Vice President.

Advocacy
Advocacy is the set of activities by individuals or groups intended to influence decisions within political, economic, and social institutions. It encompasses tactics ranging from grassroots organizing and media campaigns to lobbying, strategic litigation, and coalition-building, and aims to change laws, budgets, institutional practices, and public opinion. Advocacy can include many activities that a person or organization undertakes, including media campaigns, public speaking, commissioning and publishing research. Lobbying (often by lobby groups) is a form of advocacy where a direct approach is made to legislators on a specific issue or specific piece of legislation. Research has started to address how advocacy groups in the United States and Canada are using social media to facilitate civic engagement and collective action.
Alexander Chapman
Alexander Chapman is a Canadian actor. He is best known for his role as Lydie-Anne in Lilies, for which he garnered a Genie Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor at the 17th Genie Awards.

Chapman, who has also performed as a drag queen under the name Titty Galore, has also had supporting roles in Space Cases, Welcome to Africville, Fig Trees, After Alice, Jesus of Montreal, Queer as Folk, Sugar, The Kids in the Hall, Tru Love and Murder in Passing, often but not always playing a drag queen or a transgender woman.

He has also performed extensively in stage roles, including in Canadian Stage's production of Angels in America.

Tru Love (film)
Tru Love is a 2013 Canadian drama film written, directed, and produced by Kate Johnston and Shauna MacDonald. The film revolves around the relationships between a  lesbian with commitment issues, a widowed mother and her workaholic daughter.