hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wasteland Weekend
Wasteland Weekend is an annual four-day festival held on the edge of the Mojave Desert near Edwards, California. It is listed as a full immersion event, with all participants required to adhere to the set theme inspired by post-apocalyptic media such as Mad Max, Fallout and Wasteland. The festival includes themed costumes, campsites and vehicles, live bands and DJs, fire, burlesque and other performers, and Jugger matches.

It has been held annually in September since 2010, except for 2020, when the event was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It is currently owned and organized by Jared Butler and Adam Chilson under their company Wasteland World Inc.

Adam Savage
Adam Whitney Savage (born July 15, 1967) is an American special effects designer and fabricator, actor, educator, television personality, and producer, best known as the former co-host, with Jamie Hyneman, of the Discovery Channel television series MythBusters and Unchained Reaction. His model work has appeared in major films, including Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones and The Matrix Reloaded. He hosts the TV program Savage Builds, which premiered on the Science Channel on June 14, 2019. He is most active on the platform Adam Savage's Tested, which includes a website and a YouTube channel.
George Wyatt (writer)
George Wyatt (c. January 1554 – c. August 1624) of Boxley Abbey, Kent, and born at Allington Castle, was an English writer and politician. He was the first biographer of Henry VIII's second queen, Anne Boleyn. His grandfather, Sir Thomas Wyatt the Elder, was a famous poet and diplomat. He was the son of Thomas Wyatt the Younger, who led the unsuccessful Wyatt's Rebellion in 1554, and his wife Jane Haute.

He married Jane Finch (1562–1644), daughter of Sir Thomas Finch, 8 October 1582, at Eastwell, Kent. Their children included Sir Francis Wyatt (c. 1588–1644), Governor of Virginia (1621–1626 and 1639–1642), and Reverend Haute Wyatt (1594–1638), who was minister at Jamestown, Virginia, during his brother's first administration, and vicar at Boxley, Kent, from 1632 until his death in 1638.

Governor of Virginia
The governor of the Commonwealth of Virginia is the head of government of the Commonwealth of Virginia. The governor is head of the executive branch of the government of Virginia and is the commander-in-chief of the Virginia National Guard and Virginia Defense Force.

Three signatories of the Declaration of Independence served as governor of Virginia and three governors became president of the United States: Thomas Jefferson, James Monroe, and John Tyler.

The current officeholder is Abigail Spanberger, a member of the Democratic Party who took office on January 17, 2026. She is Virginia's first female governor.
Eichenfeld massacre
The Eichenfeld massacre was a 1919 attack against the Mennonite colonists of Eichenfeld by the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine. Rising tensions between the native Ukrainian peasantry and Mennonite landowners had culminated with attacks on the latter, as insurgents took control of southern Ukraine and began carrying out reprisals against those that had collaborated with the Central Powers and the White movement.

In October 1919, Eichenfeld, a village of the Jasykowo sub-colony that had previously played host to a notable Selbstschutz detachment, was targeted for reprisals by the insurgents and local collaborators. The insurgents carried out a campaign of executions against the village's landowners and their adult sons, starting a series of anti-Mennonite massacres perpetrated by the insurgents until their defeat at the hands of the Red Army, which brought an end to the violence.

University of Manitoba Press
The University of Manitoba Press (UMP) is an academic publishing house based at the University of Manitoba in Winnipeg. Founded in 1967, the UMP is the first university press in western Canada.

Publishing 12 to 14 books a year, UMP is regarded as a leading publisher of books with a focus on Indigenous history, Indigenous studies, and Canadiana. Editorially, the Press has given focus to such subjects as the Arctic and the North; ethnic and immigration studies; Indigenous languages; Canadian literary studies (especially Indigenous literature); and environmental, land use, and food studies.
Reveille in Washington, 1860–1865
Reveille in Washington, 1860–1865 is a nonfiction history book by American historian Margaret Leech. It won the 1942 Pulitzer Prize for History. After being out of print for years, it was reissued by New York Review Books in 2011 with an introduction by James M. McPherson, author of the Pulitzer Prize-winning book Battle Cry of Freedom (1988).

James M. McPherson
James Munro McPherson (born October 11, 1936) is an American historian specializing in the American Civil War. He is the George Henry Davis '86 Professor Emeritus of United States History at Princeton University. He received the 1989 Pulitzer Prize for Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era. McPherson was the president of the American Historical Association in 2003.
Maharaja Surajmal Institute
Maharaja Surajmal Institute (MSI) is a private institution of higher education located in Janakpuri, New Delhi, India. Established in 1979 by the Surajmal Memorial Education Society, MSI is affiliated with Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University (GGSIPU) and offers undergraduate courses. These include degrees in management (such as BBA with specialised tracks like Banking & Insurance), computer applications, engineering (B.Tech), commerce (B.Com), and education (B.Ed), delivered through both morning and evening shifts.

Bachelor of Business Administration
A Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA) is an undergraduate degree in business administration awarded by colleges and universities after completion of four years and typically 120 credits of undergraduate study in the fundamentals of business administration.
Thomas Fortier
Thomas Fortier (September 27, 1796 – May 21, 1876) was a physician and political figure in Canada East. He represented Nicolet in the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada from 1848 to 1858.

He was born in Quebec City, the son of Joseph Fortier and Rose Laurent, and studied at the Petit Séminaire de Québec and New York University. Fortier served in the militia during the War of 1812, reaching the rank of lieutenant. He was licensed as a physician in Lower Canada in 1814 and practised in Saint-Grégoire, Baie-du-Febvre and Gentilly. He was married twice: first to Eliza Hanna in 1819 and then to Léocadie Grondin in 1834. Fortier served on the local school board and was vice-president in 1845. He wrote articles for the La Gazette in Trois-Rivières, Le Populaire in Montreal and La Gazette in Quebec City. Fortier was a candidate in the 1858 election, but withdrew his candidacy before the election. He died at Gentilly at the age of 79.

Canada East
Canada East (French: Canada-Est) was the northeastern portion of the Province of Canada. Lord Durham's Report investigating the causes of the Upper and Lower Canada Rebellions recommended merging those two colonies. The new colony, known as the Province of Canada, was created by the Act of Union 1840 passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom, having effect in 1841. For administrative purposes, the new Province was subdivided into Canada West and Canada East.  The former name of "Lower Canada" came back into official use in 1849, and as of Canadian Confederation of 1867 it formed the newly created province of Quebec.

An estimated 890,000 people lived in Canada East in 1851.
Instant Tax Service
Instant Tax Service was, until a federal court ordered its closure as part of a fraud lawsuit, based out of Dayton, Ohio, and specialized in tax preparation, electronic filing, and refund anticipation loan services.

Founded in 2000 by Fesum Ogbazion, the company was the second venture for Ogbazion, who cut his teeth in the tax industry with the founding of Instant Refund Tax Service in Cincinnati, OH in 1994. Ogbazion sold Instant Refund Tax Service to Fortune 500 giant Jackson Hewitt in 1999 and used the proceeds from the sale to start Instant Tax Service.

In 2009, Instant Tax Service was ranked #93 on the nation's top 500 fastest growing companies list by Inc. Magazine. The company also ranked #1 on Entrepreneur Magazine's Top New Franchises list and the #1 lowest cost franchise in the United States in 2009.

Federal courts later ordered the closure of Instant Tax Service after prosecutors sought an injunction, alleging fraud.

Entrepreneur (magazine)
Entrepreneur is an American magazine and website that carries news stories about entrepreneurship, small business management, and business. First published in 1977, it is published by Entrepreneur Media Inc., headquartered in Irvine, California. The magazine publishes 10 issues annually, available through subscription and on newsstands. It has been published under license internationally in Mexico, Russia, India, Hungary, the Philippines, South Africa, and others. Its editor-in-chief is Jason Feifer and its owner is Peter Shea.
2017 Internationaux de Strasbourg – Singles
Caroline Garcia was the defending champion, but lost in the semifinals to Daria Gavrilova.

Sixth-seeded Samantha Stosur won the title, defeating Gavrilova in the final, 5–7, 6–4, 6–3. This marked Stosur's ninth and final WTA singles title before her retirement in 2022.

Daria Saville
Daria Saville (née Gavrilova; born 5 March 1994) is a Russian-born Australian professional tennis player. She competed under her maiden name until her marriage to Luke Saville in 2021. On 28 August 2017, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 20. On 25 September 2017, she peaked at No. 45 in the doubles rankings.

Saville has won one singles title and three doubles titles on the WTA Tour, and has additionally won four singles and two doubles titles on the ITF Circuit.

Saville was an accomplished junior player, having won the 2010 Youth Olympic Games and 2010 US Open, also reaching a combined career-high junior ranking of world No. 1 in August 2010.

In her career, Saville has achieved victories against former Grand Slam champions Maria Sharapova, Ana Ivanovic, Angelique Kerber (her first victory over a reigning world No. 1), and Petra Kvitová (three times), with all of these players being ranked in the top 10 at the time.
Peter Welch (actor)
Peter William Welch (30 March 1922 – 20 November 1984) was a British actor who appeared in television programmes including Dixon of Dock Green, Z-Cars, Spy Trap, Softly, Softly, Doctor Who and Danger Man with Patrick McGoohan. He spent several years touring in the theatre with a repertory company he founded, and began playing character parts in films from the mid 1950s.

Danger Man
Danger Man (retitled Secret Agent in the United States for the revived series, and Destination Danger and John Drake in other overseas markets) is a British television series that was broadcast between 1960 and 1962, and again between 1964 and 1968. The series featured Patrick McGoohan as secret agent John Drake. Ralph Smart created the programme and wrote many of the scripts. Danger Man was financed by Lew Grade's ITC Entertainment.
Grant Robinson (cricketer)
Grant Geoffrey Robinson (born 24 July 1979) is a New Zealand former cricketer who played first-class and List A cricket for Northern Districts from 2001 to 2008. He was born at Gisborne in 1979.

A left-handed batsman, Robinson's highest first-class score was 125 not out in Northern Districts' 16-run victory over Auckland in 2002–03. He was also a leading member of the Hamilton team that dominated the Hawke Cup competition in the 2000s. In 2005–06 he scored 268 against Northland to record the second-highest score in the history of the competition.

Robinson studied Law and Commerce at Waikato University. After working in senior positions for Westpac in Auckland, in 2019 he joined the compostable-packaging company Ecoware as general manager. He has a family with his wife Anna.

University of Waikato
The University of Waikato (Māori: Te Whare Wānanga o Waikato), established in 1964, is a public research university located in Hamilton, New Zealand. An additional campus is located in Tauranga.
The university performs research in numerous disciplines such as education, social sciences, and management and is an innovator in environmental science, marine and freshwater ecology, engineering, computer science and artificial intelligence.
It offers degrees in health, engineering, computer science, management, Māori and Indigenous Studies, the arts, psychology, social sciences and education.
Value restriction
In programming languages with Hindley–Milner type inference and imperative features, in particular the ML programming language family, the value restriction means that declarations are only polymorphically generalized if they are syntactic values (also called non-expansive). The value restriction prevents reference cells from holding values of different types and preserves type safety.

Imperative programming
In computer science, imperative programming is a programming paradigm of software that uses statements that change a process' state. In much the same way that the imperative mood in natural languages expresses commands, an imperative program consists of commands for the computer to perform. Imperative programming focuses on describing how a program operates step by step (with general order of the steps being determined in source code by the placement of statements one below the other), rather than on high-level descriptions of its expected results.

The term is often used in contrast to declarative programming, which focuses on what the program should accomplish without specifying all the details of how the program should achieve the result.
Bella: An American Tall Tale
Bella: An American Tall Tale is a stage musical with book, music, and lyrics by Kirsten Childs. The musical is set in the 1870s and tells a tale of the American frontier from the perspective of an African-American woman.

The musical originally premiered at Dallas Theatre Center on September 22, 2016, before its Off-Broadway premiere at Playwrights Horizons on May 19, 2017. The Off-Broadway production was co-presented by Playwrights Horizons and Dallas Theatre Center.

Playwrights Horizons
Playwrights Horizons is a not-for-profit American Off-Broadway theater located in New York City dedicated to the support and development of contemporary American playwrights, composers, and lyricists, and to the production of their new work.

Under the leadership of Artistic Director Adam Greenfield and Managing Director Casey York, Playwrights Horizons encourages the new work of veteran writers while nurturing an emerging generation of theater artists. Writers are supported through every stage of their growth with a series of development programs: script and score evaluations, commissions, readings, musical theater workshops, Studio and Mainstage productions.
Aliphatic compound
In organic chemistry, hydrocarbons (compounds composed solely of carbon and hydrogen) are divided into two classes: aromatic compounds and aliphatic compounds (/ˌælɪˈfætɪk/; G. aleiphar, fat, oil). Aliphatic compounds can be saturated (in which all the C-C bonds are single, requiring the structure to be completed, or 'saturated', by hydrogen) like hexane, or unsaturated, like hexene and hexyne. Open-chain compounds, whether straight or branched, and which contain no rings of any type, are always aliphatic. Cyclic compounds can be aliphatic if they are not aromatic.

Hexane
Hexane (/ˈhɛkseɪn/) or n-hexane is an organic compound, a straight-chain alkane with six carbon atoms and the molecular formula C6H14.

Hexane is a colorless liquid, odorless when pure, and with a boiling point of approximately 69 °C (156 °F). It is widely used as a cheap, relatively safe, largely unreactive, and easily evaporated non-polar solvent, and modern gasoline blends contain about 3% hexane.

The term hexanes refers to a mixture, composed largely (>60%) of n-hexane, with varying amounts of the isomeric compounds 2-methylpentane and 3-methylpentane, and possibly, smaller amounts of nonisomeric C5, C6, and C7 (cyclo)alkanes. These "hexanes" mixtures are cheaper than pure hexane, and are often used in large-scale operations that don't require a single isomer (e.g., as cleaning solvent or for chromatography).
Jemstvenik
Jemstvenik (Serbian Cyrillic: јемственик) or jamstvenik (Croatian, Slovene), is a string made of red, blue and white strands that is used to tie together official documents, and for similar purposes, in countries of former Yugoslavia, in a similar way to red tape in some common law countries.

The colors of the string are those of the flag of Serbia (it was used in Serbia prior to the creation of Yugoslavia). It was later used in Yugoslavia, Croatia and Slovenia (though their flags have different color order, the same string fits all). Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro still use the red-blue-white jemstvenik despite changing the flag colors. In North Macedonia, the string is called emstvenik (Macedonian: емственик) and has the red-yellow colors of the flag of North Macedonia.

The term comes from the word "jemstvo"/"jamstvo" which means warranty.

String
String is a long flexible tool made from fibers twisted together into a single strand, or from multiple such strands which are in turn twisted together. String is used to tie, bind, or hang other objects. It is also used as a material to make things, such as textiles, and in arts and crafts. String is a simple tool, and its use by humans is known to have been developed tens of thousands of years ago. String may also be a component in other tools, and in devices as diverse as weapons, musical instruments, and toys. The ubiquity of string as a tool has led to conceptual and scientific uses of the term, including strings in computer science, cosmic strings, and string theory.
Center Line, Michigan
Center Line is a city in Macomb County in the U.S. state of Michigan. An inner-ring suburb of Metro Detroit, Center Line is located roughly 11 miles (17.7 km) north of downtown Detroit, and is completely surrounded by the larger city of Warren. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 8,552.

Metro Detroit
Metro Detroit is a major metropolitan area in the U.S. state of Michigan, consisting of the city of Detroit and over 200 municipalities in the surrounding area. There are varied definitions of the area, including the official statistical areas designated by the Office of Management and Budget, a federal agency of the United States.

Metro Detroit is known for its automotive heritage, arts, entertainment, popular music, food, cultural diversity, and sports. The area includes a variety of natural landscapes, parks, and beaches, with a recreational coastline linking the Great Lakes. Metro Detroit also has one of the largest metropolitan economies in the U.S. with 17 Fortune 500 companies.
Jung-ah
Jung-ah, also spelled Jeong-ah, is a Korean given name.

Sung Jung-a (born 1965), South Korean basketball player

Koo Jeong-a (born 1967), South Korean visual artist

Seok Jung-ah (born 1971), South Korean volleyball player

Shin Jeong-ah (born 1972), South Korean art professor

Yum Jung-ah (born 1972), South Korean actress

Park Jung-ah (born 1981), South Korean singer, former member of girl group Jewelry

Kim Jung-ah (born 1983), South Korean idol singer, member of After School

Sunwoo Jung-a (born 1985), South Korean singer

Park Jeong-ah (volleyball) (born 1993), South Korean volleyball player

Kim Jung-ah
Kim Jung-ah (Korean: 김정아; born August 2, 1983), known professionally as  Jung Ah or Jung A, is a South Korean singer. She was a member of Kiss Five and the former leader of After School. In 2016, Pledis Entertainment announced that her contract had expired and she had graduated from After School naturally.
Alsodes kaweshkari
Alsodes kaweshkari is a species of frog in the family Alsodidae. This rare species is endemic to southern Chile where it is known from two specimens, the holotype that was collected from Puerto Edén (Wellington Island), and one paratype from Seno Huemules on the mainland.

Wellington Island
Wellington Island is an island west of Southern Patagonian Ice Field, Chile. It has an area of 5,556 km2 and most of the island forms part of Bernardo O'Higgins National Park. It is home to the last Kawésqar people, living in the village of Puerto Edén, the only inhabited place on the island.
Matheus Cunha
Matheus Santos Carneiro da Cunha (Brazilian Portuguese: [maˈtews ˈkũ.ɲɐ], born 27 May 1999) is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a forward, attacking midfielder, or winger for Premier League club Manchester United and the Brazil national team.

Cunha played youth football in Brazil for Coritiba. At the age of 18, he moved to Europe to join Swiss club Sion. He then played for Bundesliga clubs RB Leipzig and Hertha BSC, before joining Atlético Madrid in August 2021. In January 2023, he moved to Wolverhampton Wanderers, initially on loan. In August 2025, he completed a move to Manchester United on a five-year deal.

Cunha won a gold medal with the Brazil under-23 team at the 2020 Summer Olympics. He made his senior international debut in September 2021.

2024–25 Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C. season
The 2024–25 season was the 147th season in the history of Wolverhampton Wanderers Football Club, and their seventh consecutive season in the Premier League. In addition to the domestic league, the club also participated in the FA Cup and the EFL Cup.
Susan Sutherland Isaacs
Susan Sutherland Isaacs, CBE (née Fairhurst; 24 May 1885 – 12 October 1948; also known as Susan S. Brierley or Ursula Wise) was an English educational psychologist and psychoanalyst. She published studies on the intellectual and social development of children and promoted the nursery school movement. For Isaacs, the best way for children to learn was by developing their independence. She believed that the most effective way to achieve this was through play, and that the role of adults and early educators was to guide children's play.

British Psychoanalytical Society
The British Psychoanalytical Society was founded by Ernest Jones as the London Psychoanalytical Society on 30 October 1913. It is one of several organisations in Britain training psychoanalysts.

The society has been home to a number of psychoanalysts, including Wilfred Bion, Donald Winnicott, Anna Freud and Melanie Klein. Today it has over 400 members and is a member organisation of the International Psychoanalytical Association.
The Story (Brandi Carlile album)
The Story is the second album by American singer-songwriter  Brandi Carlile, and was released on April 3, 2007. The album peaked at number 41 in the Billboard 200 on May 5, 2007.
The Story was produced by T Bone Burnett and recorded over eleven days on two-inch audio tape in The Warehouse Studios in Vancouver, British Columbia. The album also features the guitarists and songwriters Phil and Tim Hanseroth, drummer Matt Chamberlain, cellist Josh Neumann and backing vocals by the Indigo Girls on "Cannonball". The album was re-recorded as Cover Stories featuring various artists covering the songs such as Dolly Parton, Pearl Jam and Adele in aid of the charity War Child.

War Child (charity)
War Child International is an independent non-government organization founded in 1993 by film-makers Bill Leeson, David Wilson, and peace activist Willemijn Verloop. The organization works with parents, caregivers, community members, NGOs, governments, corporations, and other partners worldwide to ensure that children have access to protection, education and psychosocial support. War Child's work is rooted in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child.

The organization established War Child UK in 1994, War Child Holland in 1995, War Child Canada in 1999, and War Child Australia in 2002.