hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2015 Atlantic Coast Conference baseball tournament
The 2015 Atlantic Coast Conference baseball tournament was held from May 19 through 24 at Durham Bulls Athletic Park in Durham, North Carolina.  The annual tournament determines the conference champion of the Division I Atlantic Coast Conference for college baseball.  Florida State won their sixth tournament championship and received the league's automatic bid to the 2015 NCAA Division I baseball tournament.  This was the last of 19 athletic championship events held by the conference in the 2014–15 academic year.

The tournament has been held every year but one since 1973, with Clemson and Georgia Tech each winning nine championships, the most all-time.  Charter league member Duke, along with recent entrants Virginia Tech, Boston College, Pittsburgh and Notre Dame have never won the event.  In Louisville's first season in the ACC in 2015, Louisville had the best regular season record and secured the #1 seed in the conference tournament.

Notre Dame Fighting Irish baseball
The Notre Dame Fighting Irish baseball team is the intercollegiate baseball team representing the University of Notre Dame in Notre Dame, Indiana. Notre Dame competes as a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference in the NCAA Division 1 college baseball league. The team is currently coached by Shawn Stiffler and plays its home games at Frank Eck Baseball Stadium, which has a capacity of 1,825. The school has appeared in three College World Series (1957, 2002, and 2022) and has won six regular season conference titles and ten conference tournament titles.
Cahul District
Cahul (Romanian pronunciation: [kaˈhul]) is a district (Romanian: raion) in the south of Moldova, with the administrative center at Cahul. As of the 2024 Census, Cahul District had a population of 72,775.

Alliance for European Integration
The Alliance for European Integration (Romanian: Alianța pentru Integrare Europeană) was a centre-right, anti-communist coalition that governed Moldova from the July 2009 election until it lost to a no confidence vote in the Parliament on February 13, 2013. It was succeeded by the anti-communist Pro-European Coalition.
Linda Lombardi
Linda Lombardi is an American writer and editor specializing in animals.
Lombardi worked as an academic linguist at the University of Maryland, College Park and was known for her works on phonology and optimality theory until she quit her tenured job to become an animal keeper.

Optimality theory
Optimality theory (frequently abbreviated OT) is a linguistic model proposing that the observed forms of language arise from the optimal satisfaction of conflicting constraints. OT differs from other approaches to phonological analysis, which typically use rules rather than constraints. However, phonological models of representation, such as autosegmental phonology, prosodic phonology, and linear phonology (SPE), are equally compatible with rule-based and constraint-based models. OT views grammars as systems that provide mappings from inputs to outputs; typically, the inputs are conceived of as underlying representations, and the outputs as their surface realizations. It is an approach within the larger framework of generative grammar.

Optimality theory has its origin in a talk given by Alan Prince and Paul Smolensky in 1991 which was later developed in a book manuscript by the same authors in 1993.
2025 Union Omaha season
The 2025 Union Omaha season was the sixth season in the soccer team's history, all of which have been in USL League One in the third division of American soccer. Union Omaha played their home games at Werner Park, located in Papillion, Nebraska, United States.

They entered the season as the reigning title holders of both the USL League One Players' Shield and the USL League One Cup, having beaten Spokane Velocity in the previous year's final. Union Omaha also competed in the USL Cup (known as the USL Jägermeister Cup for sponsorship reasons) and the U.S. Open Cup.

On July 8, longtime manager Dominic Casciato left the club to become the manager of the Tampa Bay Rowdies. He was replaced on an interim basis by assistant Vincenzo Candela.

Werner Park
Werner Park is a minor league ballpark in Papillion, Nebraska, United States. It is the home of the Omaha Storm Chasers (the Triple A affiliate of Major League Baseball's Kansas City Royals). The University of Nebraska Omaha Mavericks also occasionally used the stadium for some home college baseball games. Opened in 2011, the ballpark cost $36 million to construct. It is located along state highway 370 just east of South 126th Street, in an unincorporated area less than three miles (5 km) west of downtown Papillion, a suburb southwest of Omaha in Sarpy County, which owns the venue.
Stanisław Ledóchowski
Stanisław Ledóchowski (1666–1725) was a Polish marshal of the Crown Tribunal (1701), member of the Sandomierz Confederation of 1704, marshal of the Tarnogród Confederation (1715–1716), marshal of the Sejm during Sejm Niemy of 1717.

Stanisław Ledóchowski began serving his country under the leadership of King Jan III Sobieski. In 1683, as an 18-year-old young man he took part, together with his two brothers, Felicjan and Kazimierz, in the relief of Vienna. After his return to Poland Stanisław embarked on an exceptional political and military career – he was Marshall of the Senate, voivod of the Volhynian Voivodship and Marshall of the Tarnogród Confederation.

Stanisław Ledóchowski was a prominent member of the Ledóchowski family.

Marshal
Marshal is a term used in several official titles in various branches of society. As marshals became trusted members of the courts of Medieval Europe, the title grew in reputation. During the last few centuries, it has been used for elevated offices, such as in military rank and civilian law enforcement.

In most countries, the rank of Marshal is the highest Army rank (equivalent to a five-star General of the Army in the United States).
Berthold II, Duke of Swabia
Berthold II (c. 1050 – 12 April 1111), also known as Berchtold II, was the Duke of Swabia from 1092 to 1098.
After he conceded the Duchy of Swabia to the Staufer in 1098, the title of "Duke of Zähringen" was created for him, in use from c. 1100 and continued by his successors until 1218.

Hohenstaufen
The Hohenstaufen dynasty (/ˈhoʊənʃtaʊfən/, US also /-staʊ-/, German: [ˌhoːənˈʃtaʊfn̩]), also known as the Staufer, was a noble family of German origin that rose to rule the Duchy of Swabia from 1079, and to royal rule in the Holy Roman Empire during the Middle Ages from 1138 until 1254. The dynasty's most prominent rulers – Frederick I (1155), Henry VI (1191) and Frederick II (1220) – ascended the imperial throne and also reigned over Italy and Burgundy. The non-contemporary name of 'Hohenstaufen' is derived from the family's Hohenstaufen Castle on Hohenstaufen mountain at the northern fringes of the Swabian Jura, near the town of Göppingen. Under Hohenstaufen rule, the Holy Roman Empire reached its greatest territorial extent from 1155 to 1268.
Shigella
Shigella is a genus of bacteria that is Gram negative, facultatively anaerobic, non–spore-forming, nonmotile, rod shaped, and is genetically nested within Escherichia coli. The genus is named after Kiyoshi Shiga, who discovered it in 1897.

Shigella causes disease in primates, but not in other mammals; it is the causative agent of human shigellosis. It is only naturally found in humans and gorillas. During infection, it typically causes dysentery.

Shigella is a leading cause of bacterial diarrhea worldwide, with 80–165 million annual cases (estimated) and 74,000 to 600,000 deaths. It is one of the top four pathogens that cause moderate-to-severe diarrhea in African and South Asian children.

Serotype
A serotype or serovar is a distinct variation within a species of bacteria or virus or among immune cells of different individuals. These microorganisms, viruses, or cells are classified together based on their shared reactivity between their surface antigens and a particular antiserum, allowing the classification of organisms to a level below the species. A group of serovars with common antigens is called a serogroup or sometimes serocomplex.

Serotyping often plays an essential role in determining species and subspecies. The Salmonella genus of bacteria, for example, has been determined to have over 2600 serotypes. Vibrio cholerae, the species of bacteria that causes cholera, has over 200 serotypes, based on cell antigens. Only two of them have been observed to produce the potent enterotoxin that results in cholera: O1 and O139.

Serotypes were discovered in hemolytic streptococci by the American microbiologist Rebecca Lancefield in 1933.
K. P. A. C. Lalitha filmography
K. P. A. C. Lalitha was an Indian film and television actress, who predominantly appeared in Malayalam films and has few credits in Tamil. Lalitha, who hails from Kerala began her acting career at age 16 as a stage actor in the theatre group Kerala People's Arts Club (K. P. A. C.). She made her film debut in 1969 with the film Koottukudumbam, an adaptation of K. P. A. C.'s play of the same name. Since then, in a career spanning over five decades, she had acted in more than 550 feature films. She was two time National Film Awards winner for Best Supporting Actress and had won four Kerala State Film Awards for Second Best Actress. She chaired the Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi.

Kerala People's Arts Club
Kerala People's Arts Club, abbreviated as KPAC, is a theatrical movement in Kayamkulam, Kerala, India. It was formed in the 1950s by a group of individuals having close ties with the Communist Party of India in Kerala. KPAC helped popularised the Communist movement in Kerala.

In 1951, KPAC staged its first drama, Ente Makanaanu Sheri (My Son is Right). The songs of this play were written by Punaloor Balan. Its second drama Ningalenne Communistakki (You Made Me a Communist), first performed in 1952, was penned by playwright Thoppil Bhasi under the pseudonym Soman. Bhasi was in political exile when he wrote the play. The success of Ningalenne Communistakki made KPAC in the forefront of a people's theatre movement in Kerala.

KPAC played a role in popularising the Communist Party in Kerala through its dramas, road shows and kathaprasangams (story telling).
Altars of Madness
Altars of Madness is the debut studio album by American death metal band Morbid Angel. It was released in the UK by Earache Records on May 12, 1989 and in the United States by Combat Records on December 7, 1990. Considered a groundbreaking and important release in extreme metal, the album set a new precedent for heaviness and extremity in terms of lyrics and instrumentation. It is one of the most celebrated albums in death metal, and one of the most influential death metal albums of all time.

The album features a number of tracks that were originally recorded for what was supposed to be their debut album Abominations of Desolation, originally recorded in 1986 but not released until 1991.

Terrorizer (magazine)
Terrorizer was an extreme music magazine published by Dark Arts Ltd. in the United Kingdom. It was released every four weeks with thirteen issues a year and featured a "Fear Candy" covermount CD, a twice yearly "Fear Candy Unsigned" CD, and a double-sided poster. It ceased publication in 2018 after nearly 25 years.
Oxalatonickelate
The oxalatonickelates are a class of compounds that contain nickel complexed by oxalate groups.  They form a series of double salts, and include clusters with multiple nickel atoms. Since oxalate functions as a bidentate ligand it can satisfy two coordinate positions around the nickel atom, or it can bridge two nickel atoms together.

The shape around the nickel atom is octahedral for diaquabis(oxalato)nickelate. The colour of this is green due to the Ni(–O–)6 chromophore. The absorption in infrared is at 8,300 9,060 13,400, 15,260, and 26,160 cm−1. The ligand field parameters are 10 Dq=8800 cm−1 and B=1000 cm−1.

Because the Ni2+ ion resembles many other divalent metal ions, it can be substituted by them, or substitute for them in other oxalate compounds to form mixed oxalates where the proportions can vary continuously. For example, magnesium nickel oxalate dihydrate.

Octahedron
In geometry, an octahedron (pl.: octahedra or octahedrons) is any polyhedron with eight faces. One special case is the regular octahedron, a Platonic solid composed of eight equilateral triangles, four of which meet at each vertex. Many types of irregular octahedra also exist, including both convex and non-convex shapes.
Jean-Claude Brizard
Jean-Claude Brizard (born January 12, 1963) is an American former school superintendent. He served as chief executive officer of Chicago Public Schools from 2011 to 2012. Directly before coming to Chicago, Brizard served as the superintendent of the Rochester City School District.  Brizard is best known as an education reformer, a strong charter school advocate and a champion of labor reform, particularly in regards to limiting teacher tenure status.  He is a former senior advisor and deputy director of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, where he specialized in education. Brizard started his career as a teacher, then an administrator, in the New York School System.  He is currently president and chief executive officer of Digital Promise Global.

Superintendent (education)
In the American education system, a superintendent or superintendent of schools is an administrator of a school district, a local government body overseeing public schools. All school principals in a respective school district report to the superintendent.

The role and powers of the superintendent vary among areas according to Sharp and Walter, a popularly held opinion is that "the most important role of the board of education is to hire its superintendent."
Pygmy shore eel
The pygmy shore eel (Alabes parvula) is a species of clingfish from the family Gobiesocidae. It is endemic to south eastern Australia where it can be found within seagrass beds and sometimes on rocky reefs at depths of less than 10 metres (33 ft) from Point Cartwright in Queensland to Flinders Island, South Australia; its range includes Tasmania. This species was described as Cheilobranchus parvulus by Allan Riverstone McCulloch in 1909 from a type locality of rockpools near Sydney.

Flinders Island
Flinders Island, the largest island in the Furneaux Group, is a 1,367-square-kilometre (528 sq mi) island in the Bass Strait, northeast of the island of Tasmania. Today Flinders Island is part of the state of Tasmania, Australia. It is 54 kilometres (34 mi) from Cape Portland and is located on 40° south, a zone known as the Roaring Forties.
Somasteroidea
The Somasteroidea, or Stomasteroidea, is an extinct order of asterozoan echinoderms first defined in 1951 by W. K. Spencer. Their first appearance in the fossil record was in the Early Ordovician (Tremadocian) and they had become extinct by the Late Devonian (Famennian). They are similar to the asteroids in that their bodies are flattened dorsoventrally and they have five petaloid arms with broad bases. The ambulacral plates in somasteroids are simple and unspecialized, and the arms were thought to be not flexible and were unable to assist in feeding, but the oral mouth parts were more complex.

Famennian
The Famennian is the later of two faunal stages in the Late Devonian epoch. The most recent estimate for its duration is that it lasted from 372.15 million years ago to 358.86 million years ago. It was preceded by the Frasnian stage and followed by the Tournaisian stage.
Caudebec-en-Caux
Caudebec-en-Caux (French pronunciation: [kodbɛk ɑ̃ ko], literally Caudebec in Caux) is a former commune in the Seine-Maritime department in the Normandy region in northern France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Rives-en-Seine.

Seine-Maritime
Seine-Maritime (French pronunciation: [sɛn maʁitim] ⓘ) is a department of France in the Normandy region of northern France. It is situated on the northern coast of France, at the mouth of the Seine, and includes the cities of Rouen and Le Havre. Until 1955 it was named Seine-Inférieure. It had a population of 1,255,633 in 2019.
Russian corvette Steregushchiy
Steregushchiy (Russian: Стерегущий, lit. 'Watchful') is the lead ship of the latest class of corvettes of the Russian Navy, the Steregushchy class. The ship was built by the Severnaya Verf shipyard in St. Petersburg and was laid down in December 2001, launched in May 2006 and joined the Russian Navy on 14 November 2007.

As of early 2023, the ship was reported as likely to undergo a major refit at the Kronshtadt shipyard which would incorporate Kalibr-NK cruise missiles and Redut air defense missiles. The corvette was also to receive a new power plant system during her modernization.

In total, the Russian Navy have publicly announced that they expect to buy at least 20 of these ships, for all four major fleets.

S-350 missile system
The S-350 Vityaz (Russian: C-350 Витязь) is a Russian medium-range surface-to-air missile system developed by GSKB Almaz-Antey. Its purpose is to replace the S-300PS. The system design traces its roots from the joint South Korean-Russian M-SAM project, and mainly uses the 9M96 missile which is also used on the S-400 missile system.
Launcelot Percival
Launcelot Jefferson Percival KVCO (22 May 1869 – 22 June 1941) was an Anglican priest who in addition to various parish posts served in the Ecclesiastical Households of Queen Victoria, King Edward VII, King George V, King Edward VIII and King George VI.

Percival was also a noted sportsman in his early adult life and was an international rugby union forward who played club rugby for Oxford University and Rugby. Percival played international rugby for England and was an original member of invitational team, the Barbarians.

Ecclesiastical Household
The Ecclesiastical Household is a part of the Royal Household of the sovereign of the United Kingdom. Reflecting the different constitutions of the churches of England and Scotland, there are separate households in each nation.
Alexandra Bridge, Western Australia
Alexandra Bridge is a locality in the South West region of Western Australia. Its local government area is the Shire of Augusta-Margaret River and it is located 23 kilometres (14 mi) north-northeast of Augusta on Brockman Highway.

Brockman Highway
Brockman Highway is a highway in Western Australia. A few hours south of Perth, it runs west from Bridgetown via Nannup to Karridale.

Nannup is situated at the junction of the Vasse Highway and the Brockman Highway.
Purnmasi Ram
Purnmasi Ram (born 5 January 1950) is an Indian politician. He was elected to Bihar Legislative Assembly consecutively five times from 1990. In 2009, he was elected a member of parliament to the 15th Lok Sabha.

In November 2019, he joined forces with IAS officer Gulrez Hoda to launch a new political party Jan Sangharsh Dal, which seeks to represent Dalits and Muslims in Bihar.

Gulrez Hoda
Gulrez Hoda (born 30 January 1953) is a 1977 batch Indian Administrative Service (IAS) officer
 and a former member of the Bihar State Planning Board.

After World Bank, Mr Hoda established Hikmat Foundation to support girls education in remote and impoverished areas in Bihar.
Paradies Lagardère
Paradies Lagardère (formerly The Paradies Shops, Inc.) operates stores in airports, hotels, and other locations throughout the United States and Canada. Locations include specialty stores, restaurants and bookstores. The company was founded in 1960 in Atlanta, Georgia.

Bookselling
Bookselling is the commercial trading of books, which is the retail and distribution end of the publishing process.

People who engage in bookselling are called booksellers, bookdealers, book people, bookmen, or bookwomen.
Isaac ben Todros
Isaac ben Todros was a Spanish rabbi and Talmudist who lived toward the end of the thirteenth century.

He was the teacher of Shem Tov ibn Gaon and Nathan b. Judah, and the friend of Bahya ben Asher, who mentions him in his Pentateuch commentary. He is also mentioned by Mordechai ben Hillel (d. 1310); and was still living in 1305; as on July 26, 1305 he subscribed to Solomon ben Adret's excommunication against the study of metaphysics by anyone under the age of thirty. He was probably one of the rabbis of Barcelona. He wrote a commentary on the Machzor, and a halakhic commentary to the "Azharot" of Solomon ibn Gabirol.

He is probably not to be identified with the Todros ben Isaac of Gerona (Brüll) who is praised by Kalonymus ben Kalonymus (1323) at the end of his "Even Bohan," and who wrote novellae on Nazir.

Hiddush
In Rabbinic literature, ḥiddush (Hebrew: חִדּוּשׁ; plural ḥiddushim, Hebrew: חִדּוּשׁים) refers to a novel interpretation or approach to previously-existing ideas or works. 
The term often describes a form of innovation that is made inside the system of Halakha, as distinguished from shinuy, an innovation outside tradition.
Fang Buttress
Fang Buttress (64°41′S 63°21′W﻿ / ﻿64.683°S 63.350°W﻿ / -64.683; -63.350) is a rock buttress immediately west of Molar Peak near the south end of the Osterrieth Range of Anvers Island, in the Palmer Archipelago. The buttress has a small but prominent tooth-like rock in front of it and is a landmark for parties crossing William Glacier. It was surveyed by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey, 1955–57, and given this descriptive name by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1959.

William Glacier
William Glacier (64°43′S 63°27′W﻿ / ﻿64.717°S 63.450°W﻿ / -64.717; -63.450) is a glacier flowing south from the interior highlands of Anvers Island to the head of Börgen Bay on the southeast coast of the island, in the Palmer Archipelago. Discovered by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition, 1897–99, under Gerlache, and charted by them simply as a "grand glacier." The name William Glacier first appears on a chart based upon a 1927 survey by DI personnel on the Discovery. Gateway Ridge separates William Glacier from Hooper Glacier.
Shillinglaw
Shillinglaw is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anthony Shillinglaw (born 1937), English cricketer

Bob Shillinglaw (born 1953), American lacrosse coach

Brian Shillinglaw (1939–2007), Scottish rugby union and rugby league footballer

David Shillinglaw (born 1982), British artist

Harold Shillinglaw (1927–2016), Australian rules footballer

John Shillinglaw (1831–1905), Australian public servant, author and historian

Kim Shillinglaw (born 1969), British media executive

Kim Shillinglaw
Kim Danila Shillinglaw (born 1969) is a British media executive and non-executive director. A former controller of BBC Two and BBC Four, head of science and natural history commissioning at the BBC, and commissioner for children's entertainment at CBBC, she later became director of factual businesses at Endemol Shine. She is known for having transformed popular science on television.
Ryōtan-ji (Hamamatsu)
Ryōtan-ji (龍潭寺) is a Buddhist temple belonging to the Myōshin-ji branch of the  Rinzai school of Japanese Zen. located in Hamana-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. It is the head temple of one of fourteen autonomous branches of the Rinzai school. Its main image is a hibutsu statue of Kokūzō Bosatsu. The temple, including its famed Japanese garden is not open to the general public.

Hamana-ku, Hamamatsu
Hamana-ku (浜名区, Hamana-ku) is one of the three wards of Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan, located in the middle part of the city. It is bordered by Chūō-ku, Tenryū-ku, Iwata, Shizuoka, Kosai, Shizuoka, Shinshiro, Toyohashi.