hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Skärte
Skärte is a nature reserve in Varberg Municipality, Sweden. It has an area of 18.2 hectares. The reserve was established in 2006. The land is privately owned but managed by Halland County Council.

Skärte consists of two hills, covered with oak forest. Between the hills there is a ravine. In the ravine runs a stream, Stenån, which also passes through the nearby Gässlösa. In the ravine there are various vascular plants, such as Remote sedge, Marsh Hawksbeard, Ostrich fern, Wood Stitchwort, Whorled Solomon's-seal, and Kidneywort. The old oak trees in the reserve are covered with lichens.

Old maps show that Skärte was not covered with forest in the 17th century, but was probably pasture. However, there were large areas of contiguous woodland just a few miles away. In the 19th century, Skärte began to be covered with forest, and in the early 20th century the area was almost entirely wooded, with the exception of two small fields.

Crepis paludosa
Crepis paludosa, the marsh hawk's-beard, is a European species of flowering plant in the tribe Cichorieae of the family Asteraceae. It is widespread across much of Europe with isolated populations in Iceland, the Ural Mountains, and the Caucasus.

This herbaceous perennial is found beside shady streams and in other damp shady places. The inflorescence is around 15–25 millimetres (0.6–1.0 in) in diameter. The upper leaves clasp the stem with pair of rounded basal lobes. It is a much more robust plant than smooth hawksbeard, Crepis capillaris, with which it is sometimes confused. The flower heads are yellow and the flower buds are covered with black gland-hairs.
Jess Liaudin
Jess Liaudin (born 21 December 1973) is a French mixed martial artist, kickboxer and film actor. A professional MMA competitor from 1990 until 2014, he competed for UFC, Pancrase, Cage Rage, and King of the Cage.

Cage Rage Championships
Cage Rage Championships, also known as Cage Rage, was a United Kingdom-based, mixed martial arts promotion that premiered on 7 September 2002 in London. Cage Rage went into liquidation and is now no longer trading. Cage Rage had been owned and managed by Elite XC until that company ceased operating, and the British promoters behind Cage Rage formed a new organization and withdrew all the old Cage Rage titles.  Matchmaker and on-screen personality Dave O'Donnell was also a minority shareholder in the company. Fellow on-screen personality and co-promoter Andy Geer also owned a minority stake until he left the promotion in 2008. Cage Rage events were replayed on Nuts TV, along with their own weekday show on The Fight Network (UK & Ireland) until these channels closed down.  Every Cage Rage event and bout is now archived as part of the UFC Fight Pass library.
KQEG-CD
KQEG-CD (channel 23) is a low-power, Class A television station licensed to La Crescent, Minnesota, United States. It is a translator of La Crosse, Wisconsin–licensed CBS affiliate WKBT-DT (channel 8) which is owned by Morgan Murphy Media. KQEG-CD's transmitter is located near Hokah, Minnesota; its parent station maintains studios on South 6th Street in downtown La Crosse.

KQEG-CD has two translators of its own: WPDR-LD (channel 35, formerly WEZY-LP), located in Tomah, Wisconsin; and WBDL-LD (channel 18, formerly WBOO-LP), licensed to Elk Mound, Wisconsin. WBDL-LP was silent due to the station's former frequency (UHF 45) placement in the 600 MHz band that was cleared during the 2016 FCC spectrum auction. Also, equipment delays resulting from the COVID-19 outbreak contributed to the outlet remaining off air.

Hokah, Minnesota
Hokah (/ˈhoʊkə/ HOH-kə) is a city in Houston County, Minnesota, United States. As of the 2020 census, Hokah had a population of 553. Hokah is located near the confluence of the Root and Mississippi rivers, opposite La Crosse, Wisconsin.
Professional degrees of public health
The Master of Public Health (MPH), Master of Science in Public Health (MSPH), Master of Medical Science in Public Health (MMSPH) and the Doctor of Public Health (DrPH), International Masters for Health Leadership (IMHL) are interdisciplinary professional degrees awarded for studies in areas related to public health. The MPH degree focuses on public health practice, as opposed to research or teaching. Master of Public Health programs are available throughout the world in Schools of Public Health, Programs in Public Health, Medical Schools, and Schools of Public Affairs. MPH degrees, in addition to including a core curriculum, will usually also let students pursue a specialization in a specific field, such as epidemiology, biostatistics, or health management.

Universiti Sains Malaysia
Universiti Sains Malaysia (English: Malaysia Science University, abbreviated as USM) is a public research university in Malaysia. Founded on 1 June 1969 as a statutory body with its own constitution, it is the oldest institute of higher learning in Northern Malaysia, as well as the second oldest in the country. It has six campuses: a main campus on the island of Penang, a health campus in Kelantan, an engineering campus in Nibong Tebal, an Advanced Medical and Dental Institute in Kepala Batas, Seberang Perai, a postgraduate studies campus in Kuala Lumpur and an offshore International Medical Programme Campus in Belgaum, India in collaboration with KLE University.

USM is the only Accelerated Programs for Excellence (APEX) government-funded autonomous university in Malaysia. Like most of other universities in Malaysia, USM also used English as its medium of instruction.
Eric Klinenberg
Eric M. Klinenberg (born November 14, 1970) is an American sociologist and a scholar of urban studies, culture, and media. He is currently Helen Gould Shepard Professor in Social Science and Director of the Institute for Public Knowledge at New York University. Klinenberg is best known for his contributions as a public sociologist.

Helen Miller Shepard
Helen Miller Gould Shepard (June 20, 1868 – December 21, 1938) was a prominent American philanthropist and member of the wealthy Gould family. In contrast to her father, the ruthless railroad magnate Jay Gould, who was a highly unpopular figure during his lifetime, she became known as "America's Sweetheart."
Lake El Paso
Lake El Paso is a privately owned lake that was once an entertainment venue for the city of El Paso. The land is now closed to the public due to the inherent dangers of an empty lake and the desert environment. It is currently up for sale by its owners.

Dry lake
A dry lake bed, also known as a playa (/ˈplaɪ-ə/), is a basin or depression that formerly contained a standing surface water body, which disappears when evaporation processes exceed recharge. If the floor of a dry lake is covered by deposits of alkaline compounds, it is known as an alkali flat. If covered with salt, it is known as a salt flat.
Oud-Maarsseveen
Oud-Maarsseveen is a hamlet in the Dutch province of Utrecht. It is a part of the municipality of Stichtse Vecht, and lies about 7 km north of Utrecht.

The hamlet was first mentioned around 1200 as Marsenrevene, and means "moorland belonging to Maarssen". The oud (old) was later added to distinguish from Maarsseveen. Oud-Maarsseveen has place name signs. The hamlet started as a land cultivation project. It was home to 507 in 1840.

Utrecht (province)
Utrecht (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈytrɛxt] ⓘ), officially the Province of Utrecht (Dutch: Provincie Utrecht), is a province of the Netherlands. It is located in the centre of the country, bordering the Eemmeer in the north-east, the province of Gelderland in the east and south-east, the province of South Holland in the west and south-west and the province of North Holland in the north-west and north. The province of Utrecht has a population of about 1,388,000 as of January 2023. With a land area of approximately 1,484 square kilometres (573 sq mi), it is the second smallest province in the country. Apart from its eponymous capital, major cities and towns in the province are Amersfoort, Houten, IJsselstein, Nieuwegein, Veenendaal and Zeist. The busiest railway station in the Netherlands, Utrecht Centraal, is located in the province of Utrecht.
Dutch–Moroccan War (1775–1777)
The Dutch-Moroccan War (1775–1777), also known as the Moroccan War (1775–1777), was initiated when Moroccan Sultan Mohammed III declared war on the Dutch Republic in response to the Dutch's lack of proper tribute and an accidental attack on a Moroccan ship. Under the leadership of Captains Salomon Dedel and Jan Hendrik van Kinsbergen, the Dutch gained the upper hand through effective blockades of Moroccan ports, well-organized patrols against Moroccan ships, and the destruction of the Sultan's two finest frigates. Mohammed III ultimately asked the States General for peace. As part of the treaty, all Dutch slaves held in Moroccan captivity were released without ransom, and the Dutch were no longer required to give tribute.

Tribute
A tribute (/ˈtrɪbjuːt/; from Latin tributum, "contribution") is wealth, often in kind, that a party gives to another as a sign of submission, allegiance or respect. Various ancient states exacted tribute from the rulers of lands which the state conquered. In the case of alliances, lesser parties may pay tribute to more powerful parties as a sign of allegiance. Tributes are different from taxes, as they are not collected in the same regularly routine manner that taxes are. Further, with tributes, a recognition of political submission by the payer to the payee is uniquely required.
Michel Kelber
Michel Kelber (9 April 1908 – 23 October 1996) was a French cinematographer. Beginning in the late 1920s, he worked on more than a hundred film productions during a lengthy career. Born in Kyiv, then part of the Russian Empire, he studied art and architecture in Paris. He started worked as an assistant cameraman in 1928, before progressing to cinematographer four years later. He worked with leading directors such as Jean Renoir, René Clair, Julien Duvivier and Claude Autant-Lara. He also worked for periods in Spain, including during the wartime German occupation of France.

Claude Autant-Lara
Claude Autant-Lara (French: [klod otɑ̃ laʁa]; 5 August 1901 – 5 February 2000) was a French film director, screenwriter, set designer and costume designer who worked in films for over 50 years. He made films characterised by bourgeois realism, anti-clericalism and sexual frankness, often from literary sources. His career was frequently marked by controversy. Even though he was considered left-wing during most of his life, in his late 80s he was elected to the European Parliament as a member for the far-right National Front: he stepped down two months later after making antisemitic statements.
Iwona Matkowska
Iwona Nina Matkowska-Sadowska (Polish pronunciation: [iˈvɔna ˈnina matˈkɔfska]; born 28 May 1982 in Żary) is a Polish freestyle wrestler. She competed in the freestyle 48 kg event at the 2012 Summer Olympics; after beating Patricia Bermúdez in the qualifications and Davaasükhiin Otgontsetseg in the 1/8 finals, she was defeated by Mariya Stadnik in the quarterfinals and eliminated by Clarissa Chun in the repechage round. In June 2015, she competed in the inaugural European Games, for Poland in wrestling, more specifically, Women's Freestyle in the 48 kilogram range. She earned a bronze medal.

In March 2021, she competed at the European Qualification Tournament in Budapest, Hungary hoping to qualify for the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan.

2015 European Games
The 1st European Games (Azerbaijani: 1-ci Avropa Oyunları), also known as the 2015 European Games or Baku 2015 (Azerbaijani: Bakı 2015), were the inaugural edition of the European Games, an international multi-sport event for athletes representing the National Olympic Committees (NOCs) of the European Olympic Committees. It took place in Baku, Azerbaijan, from 12 to 28 June 2015, and featured almost 6,000 athletes from 50 countries competing in 30 sports, including 15 summer Olympic and 2 non-Olympic sports.
Julio Herrera (politician)
Julio Roberto Herrera Pumayauli (born 21 October 1956) is a Peruvian politician and a former Congressman, elected in the 2006 elections to represent Lima for the 2006–2011 term. Herrera belongs to the Peruvian Aprista Party. He did not run in the 2011 elections and retired from politics.

2011 Peruvian general election
General elections were held in Peru on 10 April 2011 to elect the president, the vice presidents, 130 members of Congress and five members of the Andean Parliament. As no presidential candidate received a majority in the first round, a second round was held on 5 June to determine the successor of outgoing president Alan García. Former army officer Ollanta Humala narrowly defeated Keiko Fujimori, daughter of imprisoned former President Alberto Fujimori. Humala was sworn in as the 94th President of Peru on 28 July.
Kananaskis, Alberta
Kananaskis is an unincorporated community in Alberta's Rockies within the Municipal District of Bighorn No. 8 of Alberta, Canada. It is located on Highway 1A approximately 18 km (11 mi) east of Canmore and 54 km (34 mi) west of Cochrane. The community is located on the north shore of the Bow River.

Nearby are a sand and gravel quarry and a garbage landfill. Electricity is provided by hydropower from Horseshoe Dam.

Canmore, Alberta
Canmore is a town in Alberta, Canada, located approximately 81 kilometres (50 mi) west of Calgary near the southeast boundary of Banff National Park. It is located in the Bow Valley within Alberta's Rocky Mountains. The town shares a border with Kananaskis Country to the west and south and the Municipal District of Bighorn No. 8 to the north and east. With a population of 17,036 in 2023, Canmore is the fifth-largest town in Alberta.
Kodrąbek
Kodrąbek [kɔˈdrɔmbɛk] (formerly German: Neu Kodram) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wolin, within Kamień County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) north-west of Wolin, 18 km (11 mi) south-west of Kamień Pomorski, and 54 km (34 mi) north of the regional capital Szczecin.

The village has a population of 260.

Wolin (town)
Wolin ([ˈvɔlin]; German: Wollin) is a town in Kamień County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship in northwestern Poland. It is the seat of Gmina Wolin. It is situated on the southern tip of Wolin island off the Baltic coast of the historic region of Western Pomerania. The island lies at the edge of the strait of Dziwna.

The town, now a fishing port and gateway to the island's bathing resorts, has a population of approximately 4,900. Dating from the 9th century, it has been associated with the semi-legendary settlements of Jomsburg, Jumne, Julin and Vineta. It played an important role in the conversion of Pomerania and in 1140 became the first see of the Pomeranian diocese. Several ruins from the Slavic period occupy the area. The early medieval town fell victim to the late 12th century Danish raids, and was refounded in 1260.
Puente Mayorga
Puente Mayorga is a coastal village and district of the municipality of San Roque of the Province of Cádiz, Andalucia, Spain. Although it belongs administratively to San Roque, it is three kilometres south of the centre and is located on the Bay of Gibraltar, to the northwest of Gibraltar, and is effectively a northwestern suburb of La Línea de la Concepción. As of 2011 it had 2245 inhabitants. Of note is the Parish Church of San Hiscio and the Torre del Rocadillo, a historic tower situated about a 1-mile to the west.

This neighborhood is named after the bridge over the Arroyo de Cachón, a tributary of the Guadarranque which separates this village from a large industrial park across the river. Puente Mayorga lies along CA-34. The highway CA-2321 links with Guadarranque. A regular bus runs between Puente Mayorga and the towns of San Roque and La Línea de la Concepción.

Guadarranque
The Guadarranque (Spanish: Río Guadarranque) is a short coastal river of Spain in the Andalusian comarca of Campo de Gibraltar in the province of Cádiz. It is impounded to form the Embalse de Guadarranque. Its name is derived from the Arab Wadi Ramke or "river of mares". The Guadarrranque, 43 kilometres (27 mi) long, rises in the monte de Castellar, a short distance from the city of Castellar Viejo, and empties into the Bay of Algeciras.

The Guadarranque solar power plant (Spanish: Parque Solar Guadarranque) is a photovoltaic solar power plant in the Guadarranque industrial park, named after the river, in San Roque, Cádiz.

This river should not be confused with the other Guadarranque River in the Montes de Toledo.
Heidarieh Mosque, Qazvin
The Heydarieh Mosque (Persian: مسجد حیدریه قزوین, romanized: Masjid-i Haydariyya; Arabic: مسجد حيدرية) is a former Shi'ite mosque, now elementary school buildings since 1955, located in the city of Qazvin, in the province of Qazvin, Iran.

The former mosque was added to the Iran National Heritage List on 31 July 1933, administered by the Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization of Iran.

The building was initially a Zoroastrian fire temple, erected in the Iranian pre-Islam era. Renovated after an earthquake in 1119 CE, the building today sits in the yard of an elementary school, and functions as the school's library and auditorium.

Qazvin province
Qazvin province (Persian: استان قزوین; IPA: [ɢæzˈviːn] ⓘ) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. It is in the northwest of the country, with the city of Qazvin as its capital.

The province was carved out of Tehran and Zanjan provinces in 1997. The province was made a part of Region 1 upon the division of the provinces into 5 regions solely for coordination and development purposes on June 22, 2014.
Vlashnjë
Vlashnjë (pronounced [vlaʃɲə]; Albanian definite form: Vlashnja) is a village in the Prizren, Kosovo. It has 1,322 inhabitants as of 2024. Vlashnjë is a multi-layered settlement and site area. Archaeological excavations have identified habitation and use of the area since the Neolithic era. The rock art paintings at Mrrizi i Kobajës (late Neolithic-early Bronze Age) are the first find of prehistoric rock art in Kosovo. In late antiquity, Vlashnja was a fortified settlement part of the fortification network which Justinian I rebuilt along the White Drin in Dardania.

Definiteness
In linguistics, definiteness is a semantic feature of noun phrases that distinguishes between referents or senses that are identifiable in a given context (definite noun phrases) and those that are not (indefinite noun phrases). The prototypical definite noun phrase picks out a unique, familiar, specific referent such as the sun or Australia, as opposed to indefinite examples like an idea or some fish.

There is considerable variation in the expression of definiteness across languages, and some languages such as Japanese do not generally mark it, so the same expression can be definite in some contexts and indefinite in others. In other languages, such as English, it is usually marked by the selection of determiner (e.g., the vs. a). Still other languages, such as Danish, mark definiteness morphologically by changing the noun itself (e.g. Danish en mand (a man), manden (the man)).
Ram Singh of Bharatpur
Maharaja Ram Singh Kaiser-i-Hind (1873 – 1929) was the ruling Maharaja of the princely state of Bharatpur (1893–1900) and the successor of Maharaja Jaswant Singh. 
His ruling powers were suspended on 10 August 1900 after the murder of one of his personal servants after which he was exiled to Agra.
He was succeeded by his wife Maharani Girraj Kaur who was the regent for her son Kishan Singh from 27 August 1900 to 28 November 1918 until he came of age.

Bharatpur State
Bharatpur was a princely state under British suzerainty. It was ruled by the Sinsinwar clan of the Hindu Jats. The state was founded by Maharaja Badan Singh in 1722. Suraj Mal played an important role in the development and expansion of the state. During Suraj Mal's reign  (1755–1763), the annual revenue of the state was 17,500,000 gold coins.

Under Suraj Mal leadership, the major architecture of this state include the Lohagarh Fort, Deeg Palace and the Keoladeo National Park, a royal hunting reserve, is a World Heritage Site.
The Edge of the Earth
The Edge of the Earth is an extended play by American rock band Switchfoot, released digitally on September 9, 2014, through lowercase people/Atlantic.
It consists of previously unreleased songs from Switchfoot's rock documentary film Fading West.

The EP debuted at number 39 on the US Billboard 200 chart, and reached top 10 positions on Billboard Christian Albums, Soundtrack Albums and Top Alternative Albums charts.

Lowercase People Records
Lowercase People Records (stylized lowercase people records) is the record label founded and run by the members of the band Switchfoot. It was founded after the band split with their major label, Columbia/Sony BMG. The label's name was drawn from the lyrics of the song "Company Car" from the album New Way to be Human.
Quintus Camurius Numisius Junior
Quintus Camurius Numisius Junior was a Roman senator active during the later second century AD. He was suffect consul for a nundinium in the first half of the year 161 as the colleague of Marcus Annius Libo.

His gentilicium Camurius points to a connection with the Trajanic equites C. Camurius C. f. Clemens. While some authorities believe Numisius Junior was descended from the equites, Olli Salomies in his monograph on Imperial Roman naming practices believes it is more likely he was adopted by a brother of Clemens than Clemens himself. A number of inscriptions with his name at Attidium in Umbria indicate that city was his home. One mentions a woman who might be his wife, Stertinia L.f. Cocceia Bassula Venecia Aeliana Junior, and a man who might be his son, Quintus Cornelius Flaccus [Stertinus?] Noricus Numisius [Junior?]. Anthony Birley believes his wife Stertinia was a descendant of Lucius Stertinius Noricus, consul in 113.

Umbria
Umbria (/ˈʌmbriə/ UM-bree-ə; Italian: [ˈumbrja]) is a region of central Italy. It includes Lake Trasimeno and Marmore Falls, and is crossed by the Tiber. It is the only landlocked region on the Apennine Peninsula. The capital is Perugia. The region has 851,954 inhabitants as of 2025.

The region is characterized by hills, mountains, thick forests, valleys and historical towns such as the university centre of Perugia, Assisi (a World Heritage Site associated with St. Francis of Assisi), Terni, Norcia, Città di Castello, Gubbio, Spoleto, Orvieto, Todi, Castiglione del Lago, Narni, Amelia, Spello and other small cities.
Hongui line
The Hongŭi Line is an electrified standard-gauge secondary line of the North Korean State Railway running from Hongŭi on the Hambuk Line to Tumangang, which is the border station between North Korea and Russia. From Tumangang the line continues across the border to Khasan, Russia. The line from Tumangang to Rajin is double-tracked, including the entirety of the Hongŭi Line; during the recent renovation a 32 km section of dual Standard/Russian gauge was installed between Tumangang and Rajin stations. The entirety of the North Korean section of the line is located in Sŏnbong of Rasŏn Special City.

There are service facilities for locomotives and rolling stock at Tumangang Station.

5 ft and 1520 mm gauge railways
Railways with a railway track gauge of 5 ft (1,524 mm) first appeared in the United Kingdom and the United States. This gauge became commonly known as "Russian gauge", because the government of the Russian Empire chose it in 1843. Former areas and states (such as Finland) of the Empire have inherited this standard. However in 1970, Soviet Railways redefined the gauge as 1,520 mm (4 ft 11+27⁄32 in).

With about 225,000 km (140,000 mi) of track, 1,520 mm is the second-most common gauge in the world, after 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge.