hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fennemore Craig
Fennemore Craig, P.C. is a Mountain West regional law firm that offers clients legal services in both litigation and commercial transactions.

The firm offers clients legal services in financial restructuring, bankruptcy, creditors' rights, commercial litigation, estate planning, government relations, intellectual property, etc.

Fennemore Craig is one of the oldest law firms in the Mountain West and the oldest law firm in Arizona, first established in Phoenix in the Arizona Territory in 1885. In 2008, the firm was listed number 220 in The National Law Journal 250  (NLJ 250), a list of largest U.S. law firms by number of lawyers.

Financial transaction
A financial transaction is an agreement, or communication, between a buyer and seller to exchange goods, services, or assets for payment. Any transaction involves a change in the status of the finances of two or more businesses or individuals. A financial transaction always involves one or more financial asset, most commonly money or another valuable item such as gold or silver.

There are many types of financial transactions. The most common type, purchases, occur when a good, service, or other commodity is sold to a consumer in exchange for money. Most purchases are made with cash payments, including physical currency, debit cards, or cheques. The other main form of payment is credit, which gives immediate access to funds in exchange for repayment at a later date.
Chapel Common
Chapel Common is a 101-hectare (250-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest west of Fernhurst in West Sussex. A Roman road through the common is a Scheduled Monument.

Most of the common is dry heathland but there are also areas of woodland, grassland and scrub. Heathland birds include three internationally important species listed on Annex I of the EU Birds Directive, woodlark, nightjar and Dartford warbler. The site also has rare and scarce  invertebrates.

Several public footpaths cross the common.

Birds Directive
The Birds Directive (formally known as Council Directive 2009/147/EC on the conservation of wild birds) is the oldest piece of EU legislation on the environment and one of its cornerstones which was  unanimously adopted in April 1979 as the Directive 79/409/EEC. Amended in 2009, it became the Directive 2009/147/EC. It aims to protect all European wild birds and the habitats of listed species, in particular through the designation of Special Protection Areas (often known by the acronym SPA).

The Birds Directive is one of the EU's two directives in relation to wildlife and nature conservation, the other being the Habitats Directive. The Habitats Directive led to the setting up of a network of Special Areas of Conservation, which together with the existing Special Protection Areas form a network of protected sites across the European Union called Natura 2000. In the UK the Directive is implemented by the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981.
Prison: First & Last 24 Hours
Prison: First & Last 24 Hours is a British documentary series that was broadcast between 28 October 2015 and 5 December 2016 on Sky 1. It followed prisoners in four Scottish Prison Service-run prisons in Scotland who are either in their first 24 hours of their sentences or are about to be released (liberated in Scotland) from jail.

The first series aired on Wednesdays from 28 October 2015 for 8 weeks until 16 December 2015 and featured inmates and staff from HM Prison Barlinnie, HM Prison Cornton Vale, HM Prison Greenock and HM Prison Low Moss. This was the only series HMP Cornton Vale was featured in the programme.

On 26 April 2016, STV productions and Sky 1 recommissioned Prison: First & Last 24 Hours for the second and final series which aired on Mondays from 17 October 2016 for 8 weeks until 5 December 2016. it once again featured inmates and staff from series one prisons HMP Barlinnie, HMP Greenock and HMP Low Moss with HM Prison Edinburgh added as a new prison.

HM Prison Cornton Vale
HMP & YOI Cornton Vale was a women's prison and young offenders institution in Stirling, Scotland operated by the Scottish Prison Service. The facility comprised a total of 217 cells in its 5 houses. It accepted solely convicted women and girls from 1975 until 1978. In 1978 Parliament passed the necessary legislation to allow females to be held there on remand. Cornton Vale houses female adults and young offenders in Scotland, alongside HMP Grampian, HMP Edinburgh and HMP Polmont. In April 1999, the separation of adults and young offenders was attained.  Lady Martha Bruce was the first Governor. The current Governor at Cornton Vale is Paula Arnold.

Cornton Vale is replaced by HMP & YOI Stirling, which has been constructed on an adjacent site. The new facilities opened in July 2023. Cornton Vale closed in April 2023 with inmates being accommodated in other establishments across the female estate prior to moving into the new HMP & YOI Stirling.
Grand Pier, Weston-super-Mare
The Grand Pier is a pleasure pier in Weston-super-Mare, North Somerset, situated on the Bristol Channel approximately 18 miles (29 km) southwest of Bristol. It opened in 1904 and has been Listed Grade II since 1983. It is 366 metres (1,201 ft) long.

The pier's pavilion has been destroyed by fire on two occasions, in 1930 and 2008. It is one of three piers in the town, along with Birnbeck Pier, which closed in 1994 and stands derelict, and Weston Revo Pier, which opened in 1995 as the Sealife Centre, and is now a restaurant and crazy golf venue.

Bristol Channel
The Bristol Channel (Welsh: Môr Hafren, lit. 'Severn Sea') is a major inlet in the island of Great Britain, separating South Wales (from Pembrokeshire to the Vale of Glamorgan) and South West England (from Devon to North Somerset). It extends from the smaller Severn Estuary of the River Severn (Welsh: Afon Hafren) to the North Atlantic Ocean. It takes its name from the English city and port of Bristol.

Long stretches of both sides of the coastline are designated as Heritage Coast. These include Exmoor, Bideford Bay, the Hartland Point peninsula, Lundy Island, Glamorgan, Gower Peninsula, Carmarthenshire, South Pembrokeshire and Caldey Island.

Until Tudor times the Bristol Channel was known as the Severn Sea, and it is still known as this in both Welsh: Môr Hafren and Cornish: Mor Havren.
2012 Brisbane International – Women's doubles
Alisa Kleybanova and Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova were the defending champions but decided not to participate.

Spanish couple Nuria Llagostera Vives and Arantxa Parra Santonja won the tournament beating Americans Raquel Kops-Jones and Abigail Spears in the final,
7–6(7–2), 7–6(7–2).

Arantxa Parra Santonja
Arantxa Parra Santonja (Spanish pronunciation: [aˈɾantʃa ˈpara sanˈtoŋxa]; born 9 November 1982) is a Spanish former tennis player. She turned professional in 2000 and retired in 2019.

In her career, Parra Santonja won eleven doubles titles on the WTA Tour. She reached career-high rankings of world No. 46 in singles and 22 in doubles.
Taphrina betulina
Taphrina betulina is a fungal plant pathogen that causes the gall, witches broom, which is a chemical infection of birch buds or the developing shoots, leading to a proliferation of growth. It was first described by Emil Rostrup in 1883 and is found in Europe, New Zealand and North America.

Plant disease
Plant diseases are diseases in plants caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). Organisms that cause infectious disease include fungi, oomycetes, bacteria, viruses, viroids, virus-like organisms, phytoplasmas, protozoa, nematodes and parasitic plants. Not included are ectoparasites like insects, mites, vertebrates, or other pests that affect plant health by eating plant tissues and causing injury that may admit plant pathogens. The study of plant disease is called plant pathology.
Bull Lake (Turner Township, Ontario)
Bull Lake is a lake in geographic Turner Township in Sudbury District, Ontario, Canada. It is about 2,300 metres (7,546 ft) long and 860 metres (2,822 ft) wide, and lies at an elevation of 324 metres (1,063 ft) about 46 kilometres (29 mi) northeast of the community of Capreol and 62 kilometres (39 mi) west of the community of Temagami. The primary outflow is an unnamed creek to an unnamed lake on the Yorston River, a tributary of the Sturgeon River, between Long Lake upstream and Seagram Lake downstream. Little Bull Lake is immediately upstream of Bull Lake, and is connected by a short unnamed stream.

A second Bull Lake in Sudbury District that is also part of the watershed of the same Sturgeon River, Bull Lake (Sheppard Township), lies 22 kilometres (14 mi) south.

Capreol
Capreol (/ˈkeɪpriɒl/ KAY-pree-ol) is a community in the city of Greater Sudbury, Ontario, Canada. Situated on the Vermilion River, Capreol is the northernmost community in the city.

Capreol was founded in 1918 and became part of the Regional Municipality of Sudbury in 1973. It was an independent municipality until 2000, when the lower-tier municipalities of the Regional Municipality of Sudbury were amalgamated into the newly created single-tier city of Greater Sudbury.
Garrison Grist Mill Historic District
The Garrison Grist Mill Historic District is a 13.4-acre (5.4 ha) parcel of Highlands Country Club located at the southwest corner of the intersection of NY 9D and Lower Station Road (Putnam County Route 12) in Garrison, New York, United States. It contains three buildings, including the titular gristmill (believed to be one of the oldest in the county, and a dam, all dating to the colonial era or the early years of American independence. They are interspersed within the club's golf course, and actually come under the ownership of the Open Space Institute.

Little is known about who built the structures, and when. Their architecture suggests they are among the oldest buildings in Garrison, some of the few extant examples of vernacular architecture in the hamlet. They were added to the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) as a historic district in 1992.

Putnam County, New York
Putnam County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 97,668. The county seat is Carmel, within one of the county's six towns. The county is part of the Hudson Valley region of the state.

Putnam County is bordered by Dutchess County to the north, Connecticut and its county of Fairfield to the east,  Westchester County to the south, and the Hudson River and Orange County to the west. Midtown Manhattan is around a one-hour drive, and the county is included in the New York metropolitan area.

Putnam County was formed in 1812 from Dutchess County and is named for Israel Putnam, a hero in the French and Indian War and a general in the American Revolutionary War.

It is one of the most affluent counties in America, ranked 21st by median household income, and 43rd by per-capita income, according to the 2012 American Community Survey and 2009–2013 American Community Survey, respectively.
Conspiracy against the United States
Conspiracy against the United States, or conspiracy to defraud the United States, is a federal offense in the United States of America under 18 U.S.C. § 371. The statute originated under a federal law enacted in 1867 that was codified in the Revised Statutes of the United States in 1874, in a subsequent codification of federal penal statutes in 1909, and ultimately in the United States Code in 1948. The crime is that of two or more persons who conspire to commit an offense against the United States, or to defraud the United States.

Revised Statutes of the United States
The Revised Statutes of the United States (in citations, Rev. Stat.) was the first official codification of the Acts of Congress.  It was enacted into law in 1874.  The purpose of the Revised Statutes was to make it easier to research federal law without needing to consult the individual Acts of Congress published in the United States Statutes at Large.

After problems were quickly identified in the first edition, a second edition of the Revised Statutes was issued in 1878 that remedied some of those problems.  However, for the next 50 years, subsequent Acts of Congress were not regularly incorporated into the Revised Statutes, once again requiring researchers to use the Statutes at Large or unofficial codes.  This eventually led to the creation of the United States Code in 1926, which is now regularly maintained and updated.
Anaxagorea javanica
Anaxagorea javanica is a rainforest plant belonging to the family Annonaceae, native to the East Indies. According to David Mabberley, it has fruit which scatter its seeds by exploding. Mabberley does not discuss the nature of the explosion.

David Mabberley
Professor David John Mabberley AM, (born May 1948) is a British-born Australian botanist, educator and writer.  Among his varied scientific interests is the taxonomy of tropical plants, especially plants of the families Labiatae, Malvaceae, Meliaceae and Rutaceae (in particular Citrus). The third edition of his plant dictionary The plant-book. A portable dictionary of the vascular plants was published in 2008 as Mabberley's Plant-book, for which he was awarded the Engler Medal in Silver in 2009. As of June 2017 Mabberley's Plant-book is in its fourth edition.
Nublu Records
Nublu Records is an independent recording company founded by Swedish–Turkish musician, composer, cultural activist and entrepreneur, Ilhan Ersahin in 2005. It was a natural extension of the "Nublu sound" that developed at the club, Nublu, on Manhattan's Lower East Side, founded by Ersahin in 2002. Capturing the cross-cultural fusion of the times, and embracing the beatnik jazz tradition for which the area has been known since the 1950s, an unofficial family of bands soon congregated around the club, which was known for its freewheeling late night jams. As more and more outfits formed, setting up Nublu Records was a logical progression.

Eddie Henderson (musician)
Eddie Henderson (born October 26, 1940) is an American jazz trumpet and flugelhorn player. He came to prominence in the early 1970s as a member of pianist Herbie Hancock's Mwandishi band, going on to lead his own electric/fusion groups through the decade. Henderson earned his medical degree and worked a parallel career as a psychiatrist and musician, turning back to acoustic jazz by the 1990s.
Nandakumar Chaugule
Nandakumar Chaugule (born 14 October 1955) is an ex-Deputy Commissioner of Police, Maharashtra, India. He has served 38 years in the police service and has received the President's Medal for Meritorious Service on 24 January 2010. During the 1993 Bombay bombings, he was in charge of the bomb detection and disposal squad and played a vital role in promoting safety and the capture of the accused within 24 hours; his work is described in the book Black Friday: The True Story of the Bombay Bomb Blasts by Hussain Zaidi. He was played by Zakir Hussain as Inspector NandKumar Chougale in the film Black Friday (2007).

S. Hussain Zaidi
Syed Hussain Zaidi (born 28 February 1968) is an Indian author and former investigative journalist. His works include Dongri to Dubai: Six Decades of the Mumbai Mafia, Mafia Queens of Mumbai, Black Friday, My Name is Abu Salem and Mumbai Avengers.

S. Hussain Zaidi is a prolific writer. He publishes under the Blue Salt imprint. The Mumbai mafia has been his focus in books such as Dongri to Dubai: Six Decades of the Mumbai Mafia, Mafia Queens of Mumbai, My Name is Abu Salem and Byculla to Bangkok.
The Sound of Music (The dB's album)
The Sound of Music is an album by American power pop group The dB's, released in 1987 on I.R.S. Records.

The album peaked at No. 171 on the Billboard 200.

All songs were written by Peter Holsapple with the exception of "Feel Alright," which is a cover of a Cargoe song.

I.R.S. Records
I.R.S. Records is a record label founded by Miles Copeland III and Jay Boberg in 1979. I.R.S. produced some of the most popular bands of the 1980s, and was particularly known for issuing records by college rock, new wave and alternative rock artists, including R.E.M., the Go-Go's, Wall of Voodoo, and Fine Young Cannibals. Currently the label is distributed by parent company Universal Music Group.
Diospyros pendula
Diospyros pendula is a tree in the family Ebenaceae. It grows up to 20 metres (70 ft) tall. The fruits are round to ovoid, up to 3.5 cm (1 in) in diameter. The specific epithet pendula is from the Latin meaning 'hanging down', referring to the inflorescence. Habitat is lowland mixed dipterocarp forests. D. pendula is found from Indochina to west Malesia.

Ebenaceae
The Ebenaceae are a family of flowering plants belonging to order Ericales. The family includes ebony and persimmon among about 768 species of trees and shrubs. It is distributed across the tropical and warmer temperate regions of the world. It is most diverse in the rainforests of Malesia, India, Thailand, tropical Africa and tropical America.

Many species are valued for their wood, particularly ebony, for fruit, and as ornamental plants.
Žďákov Bridge
The Žďákov Bridge is a steel arch bridge that spans the Vltava between Orlík nad Vltavou and Kostelec nad Vltavou in Písek District, Czech Republic.  At the time of its completion in 1967, it was the longest arch bridge in Czechoslovakia and the supported arch bridge with the longest span in the world.

It is situated on the road between Tábor and Plzeň, near Orlík nad Vltavou. The total length of the bridge is 543 m (1,781 ft), including approach spans. The main span is 362 m (1,188 ft).

Construction of the bridge was started simultaneously with the construction of Orlík Dam in 1957. The price of the bridge was 71 million CSK and was completed in 1967. It was named after the nearby village, flooded during the construction of the Orlík Dam. In 2001 the bridge was awarded as Bridge of the Century in the category of steel road bridges by Czech engineers during the Mosty 2001 symposium.

Vltava
The Vltava (/ˈvʊltəvə, ˈvʌl-/ VU(U)L-tə-və, Czech: [ˈvl̩tava] ⓘ; German: Moldau [ˈmɔldaʊ] ⓘ) is the longest river in the Czech Republic, a left tributary of the Elbe River. It runs southeast along the Bohemian Forest and then north across Bohemia, through Český Krumlov, České Budějovice, and Prague. It is commonly referred to as the "Czech national river".
Jose T. Almonte
Jose Tan Almonte (born November 27, 1931) is a retired Filipino Army general. He was the National Security Advisor and Director-General of the National Security Council in the Cabinet of Philippine President Fidel V. Ramos. He was also the head of the National Intelligence Coordinating Agency and the Director of the Economic Intelligence and Investigation Bureau (EIIB) during the administration of President Corazon Aquino.

Prior to his retirement from the Armed Forces of the Philippines in 1986, Almonte was the Deputy Chief of Staff for Civil-Military Relations.

Distinguished Conduct Star
The Distinguished Conduct Star is the second highest military award of the Philippines, preceded in precedence only by the Medal of Valor.  The award was established in 1939, by President Manuel L. Quezon.  With its establishment the award replaced the Philippine Constabulary Distinguished Conduct Star.
Fósforos de Oxford
Fósforos de Oxford (Portuguese for Matches from Oxford) is the only album by Brazilian post-punk band Cabine C. It was released in 1986 by RPM Discos, which was founded by Paulo Ricardo and Luiz Schiavon of RPM. It was the only album to be released by the label, which closed in 1987 after RPM's first break-up.

Most of the album's lyrics are based on works by Edgar Allan Poe; for example, "Pânico e Solidão" was based on his 1838 novel The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym of Nantucket, and "A Queda do Solar de Usher" shares its name with Poe's eponymous 1839 short story.

The album was never re-released in CD form, and is very rare and difficult to obtain; however, it is available for free download on Ciro Pessoa's official SoundCloud page, and the track "Tão Perto" was included in the 2005 compilation of Brazilian post-punk music The Sexual Life of the Savages. In 2019, the album was re-issued digitally in all streaming media platforms by Curumim Records.

The Sexual Life of the Savages
The Sexual Life of the Savages (subtitled Underground Post-Punk from São Paulo, Brazil) is a compilation album produced by Bruno Verner and Eliete Mejorado (the components of avant-garde music duo Tetine), and released in 2005 by British record company Soul Jazz Records. It contains a collection of songs from various artists that formed the São Paulo post-punk movement of the early 1980s. The album's name is an allusion to a verse of the song "Nosso Louco Amor" by Gang 90 e as Absurdettes, one of the bands present in the compilation.

Depicted in the album's front cover is Patife Band's frontman Paulo Barnabé.
2025 Knoxville Challenger – Doubles
Patrick Harper and Johannus Monday were the defending champions but only Harper chose to defend his title, partnering Quinn Vandecasteele. He successfully defended his title after defeating Mitchell Krueger and Jody Maginley 6–7(6–8), 7–6(7–4), [12–10] in the final.

Johannus Monday
Johannus Monday (born 22 January 2002) is a British tennis player. He has a career high singles ranking of No. 212, achieved on 27 October 2025. He has a career high doubles ranking of No. 192 achieved on 28 August 2023.
Jowett (surname)
Jowett is a surname of early medieval English origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Benjamin Jowett (1817–1893), English scholar and theologian

Edmund Jowett (1858–1936), Australian Country Party politician

Fred Jowett (rugby player) (1879–1939), Welsh rugby player

Frederick William Jowett (1864–1944), British Labour politician who took an anti-war stance

Jim Jowett (1926–1986), English amateur footballer

John Henry Jowett (1864–1923), English Protestant preacher and author

Percy Hague Jowett (1882–1955), British artist and arts administrator

William Jowett (1787–1855), English missionary

Percy Hague Jowett
Percy Hague Jowett (1882–1955) was a British artist and arts administrator, principal of the Royal College of Art from 1934 to 1948.

Jowett was born in Halifax, Yorkshire in 1882. He studied art at Leeds College of Art and London's Royal College of Art.

In 1927, he became head of Chelsea School of Art, and in 1935, principal of the Royal College of Art, succeeding William Rothenstein, and went on to give the sculptor Henry Moore his first job. During World War II, Jowett served as a committee member with the War Artists' Advisory Committee. He retired from the RCA in 1948.
Samuel Pegge (the younger)
Samuel Pegge - the younger (1733 – 22 May 1800) was an antiquary, poet, musical composer and lexicographer. He was the son of Samuel Pegge and their work is frequently intertwined. He was the only surviving son of Samuel and his wife Anne, daughter of Benjamin Clarke, esq., of Stanley, near Wakefield, Yorkshire.

After receiving a classical education at St. John's College, Cambridge, he was called to the bar at the Middle Temple, and by the favour of the Duke of Devonshire, lord chamberlain, he was appointed one of the Grooms of the Privy Chamber and an Esquire of the king's household. On 2 June 1796 he was elected a fellow of the Society of Antiquaries. After his death, he was buried on the west side of Kensington churchyard, where a monument was erected to his memory.

Groom of the Chamber
Groom of the Chamber was a position in the Household of the monarch in early modern England. Other Ancien Régime royal establishments in Europe had comparable officers, often with similar titles. In France, the Duchy of Burgundy, and in England while French was still the language of the court, the title was varlet or valet de chambre.  In German,  Danish and Russian the term was "Kammerjunker" and in Swedish the similar "Kammarjunkare".

In England after the Restoration, appointments in the King's Household included Groom of the Great Chamber, Groom of the Privy Chamber and Groom of the Bedchamber. The first two positions were appointed by Lord Chamberlain's warrant; the third, of greater importance, was a Crown appointment.