hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tenerife goldcrest
The Tenerife goldcrest (Regulus regulus teneriffae) is a subspecies of the goldcrest. It closely resembles the continental subspecies, but has a broader black band across the forehead, slightly darker underparts and a longer bill. It breeds in the Canary Islands of Tenerife and La Gomera, where it is a non-migratory resident. It prefers Canary Island Pine forests, but also occurs in laurisilva forests. It is sometimes considered a species in its own right, as Regulus teneriffae.

The populations on La Palma and El Hierro, previously thought to belong to this taxon, are now recognised as, at least, a distinct subspecies, the Western Canary Islands goldcrest R. r. ellenthalerae (Päckert et al., 2006), which evolved from an independent colonisation of the islands.

Laurel forest
Laurel forest, also called laurisilva or laurissilva, is a type of subtropical forest found in areas with high humidity and relatively stable, mild temperatures. The forest is characterized by broadleaf tree species with evergreen, glossy and elongated leaves, known as "laurophyll" or "lauroid". Plants from the laurel family (Lauraceae) may or may not be present, depending on the location.
The Surrender of Bailén
The Surrender of Bailén (Spanish: La Rendición de Bailén) is an 1864 history painting by the Spanish artist José Casado del Alisal. It commemorates a scene from the Battle of Bailén during the early stages of the Peninsular War, the surrender of a French Army under Pierre Dupont to Spanish forces on 19 July 1808. When Napoleon attempted to place his brother Joseph on the Spanish throne, it prompted a massive uprising and drew in assistance from Britain. The victory at Bailén became a popular symbol of Spanish resistance against the French invaders.

The Spanish commander Francisco Javier Castaños is shown gallantly accepting the surrender of Dupont. The composition of the work is inspired by the Golden Age picture The Surrender of Breda by Diego Velázquez. It is historically inaccurate, as the actual surrender took place at an inn in Andujar rather than on the battlefield and the senior commanders were not present. The painting is now shown in the Museo del Prado in Madrid.

Joseph Bonaparte
Joseph Bonaparte (born Giuseppe di Buonaparte, Italian: [dʒuˈzɛppe di ˌbwɔnaˈparte]; Corsican: Ghjuseppe Bonaparte; Spanish: José Bonaparte; 7 January 1768 – 28 July 1844), regnal name Joseph I, was a French statesman, lawyer, diplomat and older brother of Napoleon Bonaparte. In 1806, Napoleon made him King of Naples, and then King of Spain and the Indies in 1808. After the fall of Napoleon, Joseph styled himself Comte de Survilliers and emigrated to the United States, where he lived in the Point Breeze estate at Bordentown, New Jersey.
Kōmura's theorem
In mathematics, Kōmura's theorem is a result on the differentiability of absolutely continuous Banach space-valued functions, and is a substantial generalization of Lebesgue's theorem on the differentiability of the indefinite integral, which is that Φ : [0, T] → R given by

is differentiable at t for almost every 0 < t < T when φ : [0, T] → R lies in the Lp space L1([0, T]; R).

Lp space
In mathematics, the Lp spaces are function spaces defined using a natural generalization of the p-norm for finite-dimensional vector spaces. They are sometimes called Lebesgue spaces, named after Henri Lebesgue (Dunford & Schwartz 1958, III.3), although according to the Bourbaki group (Bourbaki 1987) they were first introduced by Frigyes Riesz (Riesz 1910).

Lp spaces form an important class of Banach spaces in functional analysis, and of topological vector spaces. Because of their key role in the mathematical analysis of measure and probability spaces, Lebesgue spaces are used also in the theoretical discussion of problems in physics, statistics, economics, finance, engineering, and other disciplines.
Melton West
Melton West is a suburb in Victoria, Australia, 38 km (24 mi) west of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the City of Melton local government area. Melton West recorded a population of 8,784 at the 2021 census.

Melton West Post Office opened on 1 September 1994.

City of Melton
The City of Melton is a local government area in Victoria, Australia, on Melbourne's western rural–urban fringe.

It covers 528 square kilometres (203.9 sq mi), and as of the 2021 census, Melton had a population of 178,960.

It is governed by the Melton City Council.  The seat of local government and administrative offices are located at Council headquarters in Melton, the settlement after which the city takes its name which lies at the western end of the LGA and is currently its largest urban area with a population of over 54,000.

City of Melton has a rapid population growth rate, ranked 3rd fastest among LGAs in Victoria in 2010.  It was granted city status in 2012.
Stony Brook State Park
Stony Brook State Park is a 568-acre (2.30 km2) state park located in Steuben County, New York. It is located south of Dansville, Livingston County, New York Dansville, Steuben County, New York on New York State Route 36.

Steuben County, New York
Steuben County (/ˈstjuːbən/ STEW-bən or /stjuːˈbɛn/ stew-BEN) is a county located in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, its population was 93,584. Its county seat is Bath. Its name is in honor of Baron von Steuben, a Prussian general who fought on the American side in the American Revolutionary War, though it is not pronounced the same (German: [fɔn ˈʃtɔʏbn̩]). The county is part of the Southern Tier region of the state.

Steuben County comprises the Corning, NY micropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the Elmira-Corning, NY combined statistical area.
Paramount Television Service
The Paramount Television Service (PTS or PMTS for short and also known as Paramount Programming Service) was the name of a proposed but ultimately unrealized "fourth television network" from the U.S. film studio Paramount Pictures (then a unit of Gulf+Western, now owned by Paramount Skydance). It was a successor to the earlier Paramount Television Network of the 1950s, and forerunner of the later UPN (the United Paramount Network), which launched 17 years later.

1995 in American television
In American television in 1995, notable events included television show debuts, finales, cancellations, and channel initiations, closures and rebrandings, as well as information about controversies and disputes.
German submarine U-130 (1941)
German submarine U-130 was a Type IXC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. She was laid down at the DeSchiMAG AG Weser yard, Bremen as yard number 993 on 20 August 1940, launched on 14 March 1941 and commissioned on 11 June.

Her service life began with training in the 4th U-boat Flotilla; she moved to the 2nd Flotilla for more training on 1 September 1941 and operations with the same organization on 1 December.

She sank 21 ships, a total of 127,608 GRT and three auxiliary warships totalling 34,407 GRT in six patrols. She also damaged one ship of 6,986 GRT. She was a member of three wolfpacks.

Deutsche Schiff- und Maschinenbau
Deutsche Schiff- und Maschinenbau Aktiengesellschaft (abbreviated Deschimag) was a cooperation of eight German shipyards in the period 1926 to 1945. The leading company was the shipyard AG Weser in Bremen.
Niche (company)
Niche.com, formerly known as College Prowler, is an American company headquartered in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, that runs a ranking and review site. The company was founded by Luke Skurman in 2002 as a publisher of print guidebooks on U.S. colleges, but is now an online resource providing information on K–12 schools, colleges, cities, neighborhoods, and companies across the United States.

Review site
A review site is a website on which reviews can be posted about people, businesses, products, or services. These sites may use Web 2.0 techniques to gather reviews from site users or may employ professional writers to author reviews on the topic of concern for the site.

Early examples of review sites included ConsumerDemocracy.com, Complaints.com, planetfeedback.com, Epinions.com and ThatGuyWithTheGlasses.com (later rebranded to Channel Awesome in 2014).
Population Me
Population Me is the 13th studio album by Dwight Yoakam. It was released in June 2003 via the Audium Records label. The album spawned two singles, "The Back of Your Hand" and "The Late Great Golden State".

Timothy B. Schmit
Timothy Bruce Schmit (born October 30, 1947) is an American musician, singer, and songwriter. He has performed as the bassist and vocalist for rock bands Poco and the Eagles, having replaced Randy Meisner in both cases. Schmit has also worked for decades as a session musician and solo artist. In 1998, he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of the Eagles.
Clee Hills
The Clee Hills are a range of hills in Shropshire, England near Ludlow, consisting of Brown Clee Hill 540 metres (1,770 ft), the highest peak in Shropshire, and Titterstone Clee Hill 533 metres (1,749 ft). They are both in the Shropshire Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

Bridgnorth
Bridgnorth is a market town and civil parish in Shropshire, England,  named after a bridge over the River Severn. The river divides the town into High Town and Low Town, the upper town on its right bank and the lower on its left bank. The population at the 2011 Census was 12,079.
Genesee County Courthouse Historic District
The Genesee County Courthouse Historic District is located at the junction of Main, West Main and Ellicott streets (New York state routes 5, 33 and 63) in downtown Batavia, New York, United States. It is a small area with the county courthouse, a war memorial and other government buildings dating from the 1840s to the 1920s. Some were originally built for private purposes.

With the federal government represented as well as the city, it constitutes the civic core of Batavia, the city from whence the Holland Purchase, covering all of today's Western New York, was subdivided and settled in the early 19th century. In 1982 it was recognized as a historic district, one of two in the county, and listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Subdivision (land)
Subdivisions are land that is divided into pieces that are easier to sell or otherwise develop, usually via a plat. The former single piece as a whole is then known as a subdivision. Subdivisions may be simple, involving only a single seller and buyer, or complex, involving large tracts of land divided into many smaller parcels.  If it is used for housing it is typically known as a housing subdivision or housing development, although some developers tend to call these areas communities.

Subdivisions may also be for the purpose of commercial or industrial development, and the results vary from retail shopping malls with independently owned out parcels to industrial parks.
Marion Center Area School District
The Marion Center Area School District is a school 
district in the state of Pennsylvania. It is located in Marion Center in Indiana County. It also serves the municipalities of Creekside, Washington Township, Ernest, Rayne Township, Plumville, East Mahoning Township, South Mahoning Township, Grant Township, and Canoe Township. The school's athletic teams compete in the Heritage Conference of District 6.

East Mahoning Township, Indiana County, Pennsylvania
East Mahoning Township is a township in Indiana County, Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2020 census, the township population was 975, a decline from the figure of 1,077 tabulated in 2010. East Mahoning Township was created when Mahoning Township was divided into four parts (East, West, North, and South) in 1846. It contains the communities of Georgeville, Hamill, Mottarns Mill, and Savan. It surrounds, but does not include, the borough of Marion Center.
26th Canadian Film Awards
The 26th Canadian Film Awards were held on October 12, 1975 to honour achievements in Canadian film. The ceremony was hosted by radio personality Peter Gzowski.

The CFAs were expanded into a week-long event in Niagara-on-the-Lake which included all-day screenings, a National Film Board of Canada retrospective, and daily 'Meet the Filmmakers' programs.

Due to the Quebec boycott crisis which protested the treatment of films from Quebec at the 25th Canadian Film Awards in 1973, and the resulting cancellation of the awards in 1974, the 1975 awards covered films released in both 1974 and 1975. Accordingly, the Canadian Film Awards committee revived the Film of the Year category, which had not been used since 1970, so that it could name separate Best Picture winners for both 1974 and 1975. In all other categories, however, separate winners were not named for the two years. There were 300 films in competition but French-Canadian filmmakers did not participate.

The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz (film)
The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz is a 1974 Canadian comedy drama film directed by Ted Kotcheff, and adapted by Mordechai Richler and Lionel Chetwynd from Richler's 1959 novel. It stars Richard Dreyfuss as the title character, a brash young Jewish Montrealer who embarks on a string of get-rich-quick schemes in a bid to gain respect. The cast also features Micheline Lanctôt, Randy Quaid, Joseph Wiseman, Denholm Elliott, Joe Silver and Jack Warden.

Winner of the Golden Bear at the 24th Berlin International Film Festival, The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz has been described as a 'coming of age' for Canadian cinema, as both a widespread critical and commercial success internationally. It won the Canadian Film Award for Film of the Year, and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay and a Golden Globe Award for Best Foreign Film. The film has been designated as a "masterwork" by the Audio-Visual Preservation Trust of Canada.
Catenin
Catenins are a family of proteins found in complexes with cadherin cell adhesion molecules of animal cells. The first two catenins that were identified became known as α-catenin and β-catenin. α-Catenin can bind to β-catenin and can also bind filamentous actin (F-actin). β-Catenin binds directly to the cytoplasmic tail of classical cadherins. Additional catenins such as γ-catenin and δ-catenin have been identified. The name "catenin" was originally selected ('catena' means 'chain' in Latin) because it was suspected that catenins might link cadherins to the cytoskeleton.

Pilomatricoma
Pilomatricoma is a benign skin tumor derived from the hair matrix. These neoplasms are relatively uncommon and typically occur on the scalp, face, and upper extremities. Clinically, pilomatricomas present as a subcutaneous nodule or cyst with unremarkable overlying epidermis that can range in size from 0.5 to 3.0 cm, but the largest reported case was 24 cm.
CJIQ-FM
CJIQ-FM (88.3 MHz) is a non-commercial Canadian radio station in Kitchener, Ontario, serving the tri-cities of Kitchener, Cambridge and Waterloo. It is the campus radio station of Conestoga College and it airs an alternative rock format with other genres of music heard on weekends.  The station is run and staffed by the students of the Broadcast Radio and Journalism programs at the Doon campus.

CJIQ broadcasts with an effective radiated power (ERP) of 3,020 watts (8,220 watts maximum).  Its transmitter is atop the CIII-TV Global tower in Ayr. CJIQ can also be heard on Rogers Digital Cable 947.

Regional Municipality of Waterloo
The Regional Municipality of Waterloo (Waterloo Region or Region of Waterloo) is a metropolitan area of Southern Ontario, Canada. It contains the cities of Cambridge, Kitchener and Waterloo (KWC or Tri-Cities), and the townships of North Dumfries, Wellesley, Wilmot and Woolwich. Kitchener, the largest city, is the seat of government.

The region is 1,370 square kilometres (530 sq mi) in area, with a population of 587,165 as of the 2021 Canada census, though an end of 2023 estimate puts the population above 673,910 people. Waterloo Region forms the tenth-largest metropolitan area in Canada, with recent population growth almost entirely fuelled by international students.

The region was formerly called Waterloo County, created in 1853 and dissolved in 1973. The county consisted of five townships: North Dumfries, Waterloo, Wellesley, Wilmot, and Woolwich.
William Hayden House (Tecumseh, Michigan)
The William Hayden House is a private residence located at 108 West Pottawatamie Street in the city of Tecumseh in northeast Lenawee County, Michigan.  It was designated as a Michigan Historic Site and added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 13, 1986.

Lenawee County, Michigan
Lenawee County (/ˈlɛnəweɪ/ LEN-ə-way) is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 99,423. The county seat is Adrian. The county was created in 1822, from territory partitioned from Monroe County. Its governing structure was organized in 1826.

Lenawee County comprises the Adrian, Michigan, micropolitan statistical area. It is served by the Toledo Media market. Lenawee County is home to the Potawatomi, Ottawa, Chippewa, Iroquois, Miami, Sauk, Fox, Mascoutens, and Huron tribes.
Naive and Sentimental Music
Naive and Sentimental Music is a symphonic work by American composer John Adams. The title of the work alludes to an essay by Friedrich Schiller, On Naïve and Sentimental Poetry, that contrasts a creative personality that creates art for its own sake (the "naïve") versus one conscious of other purposes, such as art’s place in history (the "sentimental"). The composer cites both the slowly developing harmonies of Bruckner's Fourth Symphony and the atmosphere of the Sonoma coastline (where the piece was composed) as inspirations for the work.  The piece was co-commissioned by the Los Angeles Philharmonic, the Ensemble Modern, the Vancouver Symphony Orchestra, and the Sydney Symphony Orchestra. It received its first public performance by the Los Angeles Philharmonic conducted by Esa-Pekka Salonen on February 19, 1999.  A recording by Salonen and the Los Angeles Philharmonic was subsequently released by Nonesuch Records.

Nonesuch Records
Nonesuch Records is an American record company and label owned by Warner Music Group, distributed by Warner Records (formerly Warner Bros. Records), and based in New York City. Founded by Jac Holzman in 1964 as a budget classical label, Nonesuch has developed into a label that records a wide range of music genres. Robert Hurwitz was president of the company from 1984 to 2017.
Arnold Christopher von Waldow
Arnold Christoph von Waldow (1672–1743) was Lord of the Manor on Hammer and Költschen, Lieutenant General, Governor of Breslau and Knight of the Black Eagle.
Born on 15 April 1672 in Stolzenfelde, Neumark, he was the son of the Brandenburg Captain Christian Sigismund von Waldow (1650–1707) and Katharina von Sydow (1651–1702). His brother Friedrich Siegmund von Waldow (1682–1743) was a Prussian general.

Von Sydow
The Sydow family or simply von Sydow is the name of two noble families. One, belonging to an ancient nobility, originated in Brandenburg was part of the German nobility. The other, more recent one, also of German descent, hailing from Stettin, later moved to Sweden and became part of the Swedish nobility. According to an oral tradition, the Swedish family is related to the noble German family von Sydow, known since the 13th century. However, there is no written evidence for this.
Donegore
54°44′06″N 6°08′10″W﻿ / ﻿54.735°N 6.136°W﻿ / 54.735; -6.136
Donegore (historically Dunogcurra, from Irish  Dún Ó gCorra 'stronghold of the O'Corra') is the name of a hill, a townland, a small cluster of residences, and a civil parish in the historic barony of Antrim Upper, County Antrim, Northern Ireland. Donegore lies approximately 5 miles (8 km) east of Antrim town. 154 acres of the townland lies in the civil parish of Grange of Nilteen (also in Antrim Upper).

The largest settlement in the parish is the village of Parkgate. Donegore Hill stands prominently above the Six Mile Water valley, with views to the east, south, and most notably the west, where it overlooks Lough Neagh and the Sperrins beyond.

Antrim, County Antrim
Antrim (Irish: Aontroim [ˈeːnˠt̪ˠɾˠɪmʲ]ⓘ, meaning 'lone ridge') is a town and civil parish in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It lies on the banks of the Six Mile Water on the north-east shore of Lough Neagh. It had a population of 25,606 people in the 2021 census. It is the county town of County Antrim and was the administrative centre of Antrim Borough Council until its 2015 merger with Newtownabbey Borough Council to form Antrim and Newtownabbey Borough Council. The town lies 14 miles (23 km) north-west of Belfast.
Moonlight Mile (song)
"Moonlight Mile" is a song recorded by the Rolling Stones. Credited to Jagger-Richards, it was written by Mick Jagger with assistance from Mick Taylor. It appears as the closing track on their 1971 album Sticky Fingers. The song features multiple musicians playing alternate instruments due to the frequent absence of Richards during recording sessions of the period.

"Moonlight Mile" has been largely considered an under-appreciated work of the band, with music critics Bill Janovitz and Robert Christgau praising the track's composition.

Jim Price (musician)
James William Price (July 25, 1945 - February 6, 2023) was an American session musician. He toured extensively with The Rolling Stones from 1970 until 1973, including their 1972 American Tour, and appears on the albums Sticky Fingers, Exile on Main St. and Goats Head Soup. From September 1968 to February 1969, Price played with New Buffalo Springfield. He also toured and recorded with Delaney & Bonnie and Friends, Joe Cocker's Mad Dogs and Englishmen and Eric Clapton. Price played on several songs on Harry Nilsson's Nilsson Schmilsson. Price produced Cocker's album I Can Stand a Little Rain, which includes the song "You Are So Beautiful" (originally written by Billy Preston but rearranged for Cocker by Price).
Bjarnason Island
Bjarnason Island is an island of the Arctic Archipelago in the territory of Nunavut. It lies in the Arctic Ocean, north-west of Axel Heiberg Island, separated from it by Bukken Fiord to its north and Bunde Fiord to its south.

Another, smaller Bjarnason Island is found in Lake Manitoba.

The Nunavut island was named after Matt Bjarnason by Dr. Raymond Thorsteinsson of the Geological Survey of Canada in the early 1970s. Matt had just graduated from the University of Calgary and was one month into his new job working for Texaco when he was killed in a helicopter crash.  Contained on this webpage, ASN Wikibase Occurrence # 166887 , are the tragic details of the crash.

Raymond Thorsteinsson
Raymond Thorsteinsson, OC FRSC  (January 21, 1921 – April 23, 2012) was a Canadian geologist who focused on the geology of the high Arctic.  He was a Fellow of The Arctic Institute of North America,  primarily known for his contribution to the geology of the Proterozoic and Paleozoic rocks.
2025 British Rowing Club Championships
The 2025 British Rowing Championships were the 2025 edition of the National Senior and Junior Championships, held from 18 to 21 July 2025 at the National Water Sports Centre in Holme Pierrepont, Nottingham.

They were organised and sanctioned by British Rowing, and were open to British rowers. The championships were now called the British Rowing Club Championships.

British Rowing
British Rowing, formerly the Amateur Rowing Association (ARA), is the national governing body for the sport of rowing (both indoor and on-water rowing). It is responsible for the training and selection of individual rowers and crews representing Great Britain and England, and for participation in and the development of rowing in England. Scottish Rowing (formerly SARA) and Welsh Rowing (formerly WARA) oversee governance in their respective nations, organise their own teams for the Home International Regatta and input to the GB team organisation.

British Rowing is a member of the British Olympic Association and the World Rowing Federation (formerly FISA).