hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chips (company)
The Chips Group (formerly Taffel Chips) was a company based in Åland, an autonomous territory of Finland, producing potato chips (i.e. crisps, in British English) and other savoury delights since the establishment of Chips Ab Suomi in 1969 as the first potato chips producer in the country. The company was bought by the Norwegian Orkla ASA in 2005 together with Oy Panda Ab. Production of snacks and frozen potato products still continues in Haraldsby, Åland as part of Orkla Confectionery & Snacks Finland Ab. This business is integrated within the group as part of Orkla Suomi, one of its four business areas in Finland.

Four kilograms of potatoes are needed to produce one kilogram of Taffel chips.

In 2013, Chips and Panda merged into Orkla Confectionery & Snacks Finland.

Potato chips
Potato chips (North American and Australian English; often just chips) or crisps (British and Irish English) are thin slices of potato (or a thin deposit of potato paste) that have been deep-fried, baked, or air-fried until crunchy. They are commonly served as a snack, appetizer or side dish. Basic potato chips are cooked and salted; additional varieties are manufactured using various seasonings, flavorings and ingredients including herbs, spices, cheeses, other natural flavors, artificial flavors, and additives.

Potato chips form a large part of the snack food and convenience food market in Western countries. The global potato chip market generated total revenue of US$16.49 billion in 2005. This accounted for 35.5% of the total savory snacks market in that year (which was $46.1 billion overall).
Website promotion
Website promotion is a process used by webmasters to improve content and increase exposure of a website to bring more visitors.: 210  Many techniques such as search engine optimization and search engine submission are used to increase a site's traffic once content is developed.: 314

With the rise in popularity of social media platforms, many webmasters have moved to platforms like Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn and Instagram for viral marketing. By sharing interesting content, webmasters hope that some of the audience will visit the website. 
Examples of viral content are infographics and memes.

Webmasters often hire outsourced or offshore firms to perform website promotion for them, many of whom provide "low-quality, assembly-line link building".

Infographic
Infographics (a clipped compound of "information" and "graphics") are graphic visual representations of information, data, or knowledge intended to present information quickly and clearly.  They can improve cognition by using graphics to enhance the human visual system's ability to see patterns and trends.  Similar pursuits are information visualization, data visualization, statistical graphics, information design, or information architecture. Infographics have evolved in recent years to be for mass communication, and thus are designed with fewer assumptions about the readers' knowledge base than other types of visualizations. Isotypes are an early example of infographics conveying information quickly and easily to the masses.
Cabinet Secretary for Education and Skills
The Cabinet Secretary for Education and Skills (Scottish Gaelic: Rùnaire a' Chaibineit airson Foghlam agus Sgilean), commonly referred to as the Education Secretary (Scottish Gaelic: Rùnaire an Fhoghlaim), is a position in the Scottish Government Cabinet responsible for all levels of education in Scotland. The incumbent is Jenny Gilruth, who assumed office on 29 March 2023 and was reappointed on 8 May 2024.

The Cabinet Secretary is supported by the Minister for Higher and Further Education, Graeme Dey, and the Minister for Children, Young People and Keeping the Promise, Natalie Don.

Graeme Dey
Graeme James Dey (born 29 October 1962) is a Scottish politician currently serving as the Minister for Parliamentary Business in the Scottish Government since September 2025 and the Minister for Veterans since 2023. He served as Minister for Transport from 2021 to 2022, having previously served as Minister for Parliamentary Business and Veterans from 2018 to 2021. A member of the Scottish National Party (SNP), he has been Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for Angus South since 2011.
Susi Earnshaw Theatre School
The Susi Earnshaw Theatre School is a full-time private school specialising in academics and performing arts  in Barnet, North London. The school was established in 1989 by former actress and journalist Susi Earnshaw and her husband David Earnshaw, who was a producer, touring and session musician.

The school was founded in 1989 as a part-time performing-arts school, before becoming a full-time academic and performing arts secondary educational establishment. The Bull Theatre in Barnet is now home to the full-time school and its Saturday School, along with the long established Susi Earnshaw Management television, film, theatre, and live entertainment agency. Pupils gain entry to the full-time school through auditions in drama, dance, singing, and a personal interview.

North London
North London is the northern part of London, England, north of the River Thames and the City of London. It extends from Clerkenwell and Finsbury, on the edge of the City of London financial district, to Greater London's boundary with Hertfordshire. The term is occasionally used in reference to all of London north of the River Thames.

The term differentiates the area from South London, East London and West London. Some parts of North London are also part of Central London.
Dale Fowler
Dale Fowler is an American politician who has served as a Republican member of the Illinois Senate since January 2017. Fowler represents the 59th district, which includes all of Franklin, Hamilton, Williamson, Saline, Gallatin, Hardin, Pope, Massac, Johnson, Pulaski, and Alexander counties and portions of Union and Jackson counties in Southern Illinois. Prior to his election to the Illinois Senate he was mayor of Harrisburg and a member of the Saline County Board. Fowler defeated incumbent Gary Forby (D), who had represented the district for 14 years. He has 2 children with his wife Jill Fowler. Fowler is a Presbyterian.

In 2018, Democrat J. B. Pritzker appointed Fowler a member of the gubernatorial transition's Job Creation and Economic Opportunity Committee.

Fowler currently serves on the following committees: Energy and Public Utilities; Higher Education (Co-Chair); Licensed Activities; Local Government; Transportation.

Hamilton County, Illinois
Hamilton County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. As of the 2020 census, its population was 7,993. Its county seat is McLeansboro. It is located in the southern portion of the state, known locally as "Little Egypt".
Ian Stafford
Ian Stafford is a multiple award-winning English sports journalist, author and broadcaster, whose work appears both in the UK and internationally, especially in the United States and Australia. He is also a sought after after dinner speaker, interviewer of stars and compere, acts as a consultant for a number of media outlets and owed and edited the UK's first general sports magazine on the internet, sportsvibe before selling it.

Sports journalism
Sports journalism is a form of writing that reports on sporting topics and competitions.

The appetite for sports resulted in sports-only media such as Sports Illustrated and ESPN. There are many different forms of sports journalism, ranging from play-by-play and game recaps to analysis and investigative journalism on important developments in the sport. Technology and the internet age has massively changed the sports journalism space as it is struggling with the same problems that the broader category of print journalism is struggling with, mainly not being able to cover costs due to falling subscriptions. New forms of internet blogging and tweeting in the current millennium have pushed the boundaries of sports journalism.
Joseph Sanders
Joseph Sanders  (18 October 1877 – 1960) was a German-American who worked alongside his uncle Emile Berliner to develop the record player, the first controllable helicopter and one of  the earliest production rotary engines.

Emile Berliner
Emile Berliner (born Emil Berliner; May 20, 1851 – August 3, 1929) was a German-American inventor and businessman who invented the lateral-cut flat disc record, also known as a "gramophone record," used with a gramophone. He founded the United States Gramophone Company in 1894;
Cyphellostereum
Cyphellostereum is a genus of basidiolichens. Species produce white, somewhat cup-shaped fruit bodies on a thin film of green on soil which is the thallus.  All Cyphellostereum species have nonamyloid spores and tissues, lack clamp connections, and also lack hymenial cystidia.

DNA research has shown that a common, north temperate species formerly known as Cyphellostereum laeve is not related to the type species and belongs in a quite separate order, the Hymenochaetales. It has been renamed Muscinupta laevis.

Hymenochaetales
The Hymenochaetales are an order of fungi in the class Agaricomycetes. The order in its current sense is based on molecular research and not on any unifying morphological characteristics. According to one 2008 estimate, the Hymenochaetales contain around 600 species worldwide, mostly corticioid fungi and poroid fungi, but also including several clavarioid fungi and agarics.  Species of economic importance include wood decay fungi in the genera Phellinus and Inonotus sensu lato, some of which may cause losses in forestry. Therapeutic properties are claimed for Inonotus obliquus ("chaga") and Phellinus linteus, both of which are now commercially marketed.
Crime Patrol 2: Drug Wars
Crime Patrol 2: Drug Wars is a live-action laserdisc video game, released by American Laser Games in 1993. It was ported to the 3DO Interactive Multiplayer and CD-i. It is the sequel to the arcade game Crime Patrol, with very similar gameplay, objectives and scenery. The game was re-released by Digital Leisure in 2002.

The original Crime Patrol 2 arcade cabinets came in a variety of monitor sizes, including 25 inch, 33 inch, and 50 inch.

Interactive film
An interactive film is a video game or other interactive media that has characteristics of a cinematic film. In the video game industry, the term refers to a movie game, a video game that presents its gameplay in a cinematic, scripted manner, often through the use of full-motion video of either animated or live-action footage.

In the film industry, the term "interactive film" refers to interactive cinema, a film where one or more viewers can interact with the film and influence the events that unfold in the film.
Nagendra Singh Yadav
Nagendra Singh Yadav (born 22 November 1961) also known as Munna Yadav is an Indian politician.He served as the Member of Legislative Assembly (MLA) from Samajwadi Party and represented Sadar Vidhan Sabha Assembly Constituency of Pratapgarh district in Uttar Pradesh.

State legislative assemblies of India
The State Legislative Assembly, also known as the Vidhan Sabha or the Saasana Sabha, is a legislative body in each of the states and certain union territories of India. Members of the legislative assembly are often directly elected to serve five year terms from single-member constituencies. A legislative assembly may be dissolved in a state of emergency, by the governor on request of the chief minister of the respective state or union territory, or if a motion of no confidence is passed against the ruling majority party or coalition.
Sigurður Nordal
Sigurður Nordal (14 September 1886 – 21 September 1974) was an Icelandic scholar, writer, and ambassador. He was influential in forming the theory of the Icelandic sagas as works of literature composed by individual authors.

Saga
Sagas are prose stories and histories, composed in Iceland and to a lesser extent elsewhere in Scandinavia.

The most famous saga-genre is the sagas of Icelanders, which feature Viking voyages, migration to Iceland, and feuds between Icelandic families. However, sagas' subject matter is diverse, including pre-Christian Scandinavian legends; saints and bishops both from Scandinavia and elsewhere; Scandinavian kings and contemporary Icelandic politics; and chivalric romances either translated from Continental European languages or composed locally.

Sagas originated in the Middle Ages, but continued to be composed in the ensuing centuries. Whereas the dominant language of history-writing in medieval Europe was Latin, sagas were composed in the vernacular: Old Norse and its later descendants, primarily Icelandic.

While sagas are written in prose, they share some similarities with epic poetry, and often include stanzas or whole poems in alliterative verse embedded in the text.
The Lost Battalion (1919 film)
The Lost Battalion is a 1919 American silent war film about units of the 77th Infantry Division (the "Lost Battalion") penetrating deep into the Argonne Forest of France during World War I. The film was directed by Burton L. King and features Major Charles W. Whittlesey and a number of actual soldiers from the 77th who portrayed themselves in the film. It was released July 2, 1919 in North America. The film was remade in 2001 by Russell Mulcahy.

Robert Alexander (United States Army officer)
Major General Robert Alexander (October 17, 1863 – August 25, 1941) was a senior United States Army officer. He served in World War I, where he commanded the 77th Infantry Division, in which the famous Lost Battalion served, on the Western Front in 1918.
Girawali
Girawali is a village in Ambegaon taluka of Pune District in the state of Maharashtra, India. The village is administrated by a Sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per constitution of India and Panchayati raj (India).

Ambegaon taluka
Ambegaon taluka is a taluka in Shirur subdivision of Pune district of state of Maharashtra in India. One of the twelve most revered Shiva temples or Jyotirlinga, the Bhimashankar Temple is in Khed taluka. But due to Bhimashankar Sanctuary, the road is through Ambegaon taluka.
Biometrical Journal
Biometrical Journal is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research on statistical methods and their applications in life sciences including medicine, environmental sciences, and agriculture. Typical articles contain both, the development of methodology and its application. At present, articles are accompanied on the publisher's web site by computer code and illustrative data sets for the sake of reproducible research. The code is checked by an appointed reproducible research editor before it is published as supplementary material.

The journal is published by Wiley-VCH in cooperation with the German and Austro-Swiss Regions of the International Biometric Society electronically and in print using the English language.

Martin Schumacher
Martin Schumacher (born June 28, 1950)  is a German statistician. He was the head of the Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics of the Medical Center of the University of Freiburg from 1986 until 2017.
Elm River (Illinois)
The Elm River is a 29-mile-long (47 km) tributary of the Little Wabash River in southeastern Illinois in the United States.  Via the Little Wabash, Wabash and Ohio rivers, it is part of the watershed of the Mississippi River.

The Elm flows for its entire length in Wayne County.  It is formed by the confluence of Elm Creek and Raccoon Creek, which flow from Clay County, and thence flows generally southeastwardly to its confluence with the Little Wabash.  Portions of the stream's lower course have been channelized and re-routed to drainage ditches.

The Raccoon Creek Power Plant, a combustion turbine generator (CTG)-type Ameren power plant, is located on Raccoon Creek in Clay County.

Clay County, Illinois
Clay County is a county in the southeastern portion of the U.S. state of Illinois. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 13,288. Since 1842, its county seat has been Louisville, in the center of the county's area. In 1950, the U.S. Census Bureau placed the mean center of U.S. population in Clay County.
Amniomancy
Amniomancy is a method of divination whereby the future life of a child is predicted from the caul covering their head at birth. The colour and consistency of the caul are used to interpret the future. A vivid colour is supposed to reflect a vivid life whilst the opposite is also true.

Amniomancy dates to at least the times of the Roman Empire.

The word amniomancy comes from the Latin amnion, meaning membrane. The French proverb Il est ne coiffe is thought to originate from this practice.

Caul
A caul is a piece of membrane that can cover a newborn's head and face. Birth with a caul is rare, occurring in fewer than 1 in 80,000 births. The caul is harmless and is immediately removed by the attending parent, physician, or midwife upon birth of the child.

An en-caul birth is different from a caul birth in that the infant is born inside the entire amniotic sac (instead of just a portion of it). The sac balloons out at birth, with the amniotic fluid and child remaining inside the unbroken or partially broken membrane.
Bangla Academy
The Bangla Academy (Bengali: বাংলা একাডেমি, pronounced [baŋla ækaɖemi]) is the official regulatory body of the Bengali language in Bangladesh. It is an autonomous institution funded by the government of Bangladesh that fosters the Bengali language, literature and culture, works to develop and implement national language policy and conducts original research in Bengali. Established in 1955, it is located in the Burdwan House in Shahbagh, Dhaka, on the grounds of the University of Dhaka and Suhrawardy Udyan. The Bangla Academy hosts the annual Ekushey Book Fair.

Anwara Syed Haq
Anwara Begum (known by her pen name Anwara Syed Haq; born 1940) is a writer of Bangla literature. She has written a number of novels, short stories, children's books and also written a number of essays. She has been praised for using her knowledge of human psychology beautifully in her writings. She is a psychiatrist by profession. She was awarded Bangla Academy Literary Award in 2009 and Ekushey Padak in 2019 by the government of Bangladesh for her contribution to the language and literature.
Gajendrasinh Parmar
Gajendrasinh Parmar (born 24 November 1978) is an Indian politician from Gujarat. He is a member of the Gujarat Legislative Assembly representing the Bharatiya Janata Party from Prantij Assembly constituency in Sabarkantha District. He won the 2022 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election.

Sabarkantha district
Sabarkantha district is one of the 33 administrative districts of the Indian state of Gujarat, situated in the northeastern part of the state. The district headquarters is in Himatnagar, and it is traversed by National Highway 48. Sabarkantha comprises a total of 1,389 villages, including Pedhmala and Takhatgadh Kampa. According to recent demographic projections, the district has an estimated population of around 2.5 million as of January 2025.
North Central Railway College
North Central Railway College, Tundla, also referred to as NR Inter College, Tundla, (formerly known as Northern Railway Inter College, Tundla) is a Senior Secondary School in the Firozabad district. The Junior College was established in 1882.

Tundla
Tundla (Ṭūṇḍlā) is a town and a municipal board in Firozabad district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is an important railway junction between the Delhi-Kanpur main line and the Agra branch line. Tundla is a railway town that sprang up when the railway was built in the late 1800s. It is served by Tundla Junction railway station. As of 2011, Tundla has a population of 50,423 people, in 8,744 households.
White River Plateau
The White River Plateau is a "broad structural dome" located north of Glenwood Springs, Colorado and north of the Colorado River in the United States. Also called the White River Uplift, the mountainous area is shown on maps as being roughly circular in area, occupying parts of the Colorado counties of Garfield and Rio Blanco, with small portions extending into Eagle and Routt counties. The Grand Hogback marks parts of the plateau's southern and western boundaries. The Flat Tops mountain range is part of the White River Plateau, and much of the plateau is located within the White River National Forest.

The summit of Blair Mountain, elevation 11,465 feet (3,495 meters), is the plateau's highest point.

Glenwood Springs, Colorado
Glenwood Springs is a home rule municipality in and the county seat of Garfield County, Colorado, United States. According to the 2020 United States census, the city has a population of 9,963. It is located at the confluence of the Roaring Fork River and the Colorado River, connecting the Roaring Fork Valley and a series of smaller towns on the Colorado River.

Glenwood Springs is known for its hot springs.
Nemouria
Nemouria: Occasional Papers of the Delaware Museum of Natural History is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering natural history that is published by the Delaware Museum of Natural History. It was established in 1970.

The journal mainly focuses on molluscs and birds, but occasionally publishes papers on other topics, relating to North America or a region well represented in the museum's collection, such as the Indo-West Pacific or Philippines.

Delaware Museum of Nature & Science
The Delaware Museum of Nature & Science (DMNH, formerly Delaware Museum of Natural History) is a museum located in Wilmington, Delaware. The museum was founded in 1957 by John Eleuthere du Pont near Greenville, Delaware; it opened in 1972 on a site near Winterthur, Delaware. It was re-opened on January 1, 2022, after being closed for two years. It is known for its extensive collections of seashells, birds, and bird eggs. The latter is the second largest collection in North America.  It is the oldest natural history museum in Delaware.
Toyoura District, Yamaguchi
Toyoura (豊浦郡, Toyoura-gun) was a district located in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan.

The district area covered the city of Shimonoseki (excluding the former villages of Tamaki and Yoshida in Mine District) and Toyotamae in the city of Mine.

As of 2003, the district had an estimated population of 47,259. The total area was 491.72 km2.

Until February 12, 2005, the district had four towns.

Hōhoku

Kikugawa

Toyoura

Toyota

On February 13, 2005, the towns of Hōhoku, Kikugawa, Toyoura and Toyota were merged into the expanded city of Shimonoseki. Toyoura District was dissolved as a result of this merger.

Districts of Japan
In Japan, a district (郡, gun) is composed of one or more rural municipalities (towns or villages) within a prefecture. Districts have no governing function, and are only used for geographic or statistical purposes such as mailing addresses. Cities are not part of districts.

Historically, districts have at times functioned as an administrative unit.  From 1878 to 1921 district governments were roughly equivalent to a county of the United States, ranking below prefecture and above town or village, on the same level as a city. District governments were entirely abolished by 1926.
The Happiest Days of Your Life (play)
The Happiest Days of Your Life is a farce by the English playwright John Dighton. It depicts the complications that ensue when because of a bureaucratic error a girls' school is made to share premises with a boys' school. The title of the play echoes the old saying that schooldays are "the happiest days of our lives".

The play was first seen on BBC Television in 1947, and then, after a one-night try-out in the West End later that year, it opened at the Apollo Theatre in March 1948, running for more than 600 performances. It has subsequently been revived, and adapted for broadcasting and the cinema.

Farce
Farce is a form of comedy that relies on exaggerated, improbable, or ridiculous situations to entertain an audience. It is typically marked by physical humor, absurdity, satire or parody, improbable scenarios, misunderstandings, and broadly stylized characters and performances.