hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ross School of Business
The University of Michigan Ross School of Business (branded as Michigan Ross) is the business school of the University of Michigan, a public research university in Ann Arbor, Michigan.

The school was originally established in 1924 as the School of Business Administration. Today, it offers bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees, as well as an executive education program. Michigan Ross also collaborates with other colleges and schools at the University of Michigan to offer dual degree programs. Additionally, the school's Executive Education program includes a Distinguished Leader Certificate. Michigan Ross maintains the tenth largest endowment among all business schools in the United States, with a total of US$435 million as of 2016.

Altair Engineering
Altair Engineering Inc. is an American multinational information technology company headquartered in Troy, Michigan, that provides software and cloud solutions for simulation, IoT, high performance computing (HPC), data analytics, and artificial intelligence (AI).

The firm develops and provides software and cloud services for product development, high-performance computing (HPC), simulation, artificial intelligence, and data intelligence. Altair is the creator of the HyperWorks CAE software product, among numerous other software packages and suites.

Founded in 1985, the company went public in 2017 and was traded on the Nasdaq stock exchange under the symbol ALTR. In 2025, it was acquired by Siemens for $10.6 billion.
Santayana (surname)
Santayana is a Spanish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alfonso Pardo de Santayana y Coloma (1936–2015), Spanish military officer

Antonio Gutiérrez de Otero y Santayana (1729–1799), Spanish lieutenant general

George Santayana (1863–1952), Spanish-American philosopher

George Santayana
George Santayana (born Jorge Agustín Nicolás Ruiz de Santayana y Borrás, December 16, 1863 – September 26, 1952) was a Spanish and U.S. philosopher, essayist, poet, and novelist. Born in Spain, he moved to the United States at the age of eight.

As a philosopher, Santayana is known for aphorisms, such as "Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it", and "Only the dead have seen the end of war", and his definition of beauty as "pleasure objectified". Although an atheist, Santayana respected the culture of the Spanish Catholic values, practices, and worldview, in which he was raised. As an intellectual, George Santayana was a broad-range cultural critic in several academic disciplines.

At the age of 48, he left his academic position at Harvard University and permanently returned to Europe; his last will was to be buried in the Spanish Pantheon in the Campo di Verano, Rome.
Botan Rice Candy
Botan Rice Candy is a specific brand of a category of Japanese candy called bontan ame (ボンタンアメ). Bontan ame are soft, chewy, citrus-flavored candy with an outer layer of oblaat. The rice paper is clear and plastic-like when dry, but it is edible and dissolves in the mouth. This candy was invented by Seika Foods in 1924. During this period, more and more Western-style sweets were becoming popular in Japanese society, and the appearance of this type of candy is intentionally similar to Western-style caramel candies. In Japan, these candies are sold as dagashi, cheap candies and snacks marketed to Japanese schoolchildren, and are often in small sizes with bright colorful packaging with stickers or prizes included.

Bontan (ボンタン) is a variant spelling of buntan (ブンタン), the Japanese word for pomelo, which is commonly used as a flavoring.

Pomelo
The pomelo (/ˈpɒmɪloʊ, ˈpʌm-/ POM-il-oh, PUM-; or pummelo, Citrus maxima), also known as a shaddock, is the largest citrus fruit. It is an ancestor of several cultivated citrus species, including the bitter orange and the grapefruit. It is a natural, non-hybrid citrus fruit, native to Southeast Asia. Similar in taste to a sweet grapefruit, the pomelo is commonly eaten and used for festive occasions throughout Southeast and East Asia. As with the grapefruit, phytochemicals in the pomelo have the potential for drug interactions.
Joe Foglia
Joe Foglia is an American sound mixer. He has worked on both movies and albums, including Black Sabbath's Heaven and Hell. He began working in the film industry with the movie Miami Vice, which resulted in an Emmy nomination for sound mixing.

Since Miami Vice he has worked on multiple movies and television shows, including Scrubs, where he won an Emmy award for his work on "My Musical", and was nominated three times for an Emmy award for sound mixing on the HBO miniseries From the Earth to the Moon.

Heaven and Hell (Black Sabbath album)
Heaven and Hell is the ninth studio album by the English heavy metal band Black Sabbath, released on 18 April 1980. It is the first Black Sabbath album to feature vocalist Ronnie James Dio, who replaced original vocalist Ozzy Osbourne in 1979.

Produced by Martin Birch, the album was a commercial success, particularly in the United States, where it reached number 28 on the Billboard 200 chart and was certified platinum for one million sales. In the UK, it sold well enough to be certified silver by the British Phonographic Industry in April 1982.
Poyarkovo
Poyarkovo (Russian: Поярково) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Poyarkovo, Amur Oblast, a selo in Poyarkovsky Rural Settlement of Mikhaylovsky District of Amur Oblast

Poyarkovo, Kostroma Oblast, a village in Palkinskoye Settlement of Antropovsky District of Kostroma Oblast

Poyarkovo, Moscow Oblast, a village in Lunevskoye Rural Settlement of Solnechnogorsky District of Moscow Oblast

Poyarkovo, Pskov Oblast, a village in Pytalovsky District of Pskov Oblast

Poyarkovo, Ryazan Oblast, a village in Poyarkovsky Rural Okrug of Mikhaylovsky District of Ryazan Oblast

Kostroma Oblast
Kostroma Oblast (Russian: Костромска́я о́бласть, romanized: Kostromskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kostroma and its population as of the 2021 Census is 580,976. It was formed on August 13, 1944 on the territory detached from neighboring Yaroslavl Oblast.

Textile industries have been developed there since the early 18th century. Its major historic towns include Kostroma, Sharya, Nerekhta, Galich, Soligalich, and Makaryev.
2024 BBVA Open Internacional de Valencia – Doubles
Aliona Bolsova and Andrea Gámiz were the reigning champions, but chose not to defend their title.

Katarzyna Piter and Fanny Stollár won the title, after defeating Angelica Moratelli and Renata Zarazúa in the final, 6–1, 4–6, [10–8].

Angelica Moratelli
Angelica Moratelli (born 17 August 1994) is an Italian professional tennis player.
She achieved her career-high singles ranking of No. 318 on 23 September 2013, and world No. 62 in doubles on 9 September 2024.

Moratelli has won two doubles titles on the WTA Challenger Tour along with ten singles and thirty-one doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.
Emile Hertling Péronard
Emile Hertling Péronard is a Greenlandic film producer, who is partner with Inuk Silis Høegh in the Ánorâk Film documentary studio. He is most noted as a producer of the 2023 film Twice Colonized, which won the Canadian Screen Award for Best Feature Length Documentary at the 12th Canadian Screen Awards.

Born and raised in Nuuk, he works in both Nuuk and Copenhagen.

He was also a dual Robert Award nominee for Best Documentary Feature at the 41st Robert Awards in 2024, with nominations for both Twice Colonized and Music for Black Pigeons.

Robert Award for Best Documentary Feature
The Robert Award for Best Documentary Feature (Danish: Robert Prisen for årets lange dokumentarfilm) is one of the merit awards presented by the Danish Film Academy at the annual Robert Awards ceremony. The award has been handed out since 2002.
NT Card
"NT Card" is a brand name for a memory card which is used by C-Map / Jeppesen company for their line of electronic nautical charts.  It's unknown what the generic name for these cartridges is.

It is a unique package -- measuring 24 x 44 x 2.5mm -- which may be inserted lengthwise or by one end, as two interchangeable sets of brass contacts are present.

Various capacities are available. The other proprietary names for these cards are NT+, and NT-Max which refer to the type of charting that may be programmed on to the memory cartridges themselves.

Jeppesen
Jeppesen (also known as Jeppesen Sanderson) is an American company offering navigational information, operations planning tools, flight planning products and software. Jeppesen's aeronautical navigation charts are often called "Jepp charts" or simply "Jepps" by pilots, due to the charts' popularity. This popularity extends to electronic charts, which are increasingly favored over paper charts by pilots and mariners as mobile computing devices, electronic flight bags, integrated electronic bridge systems and other display devices become more common and readily available.

Jeppesen is headquartered in Inverness, Colorado, a census-designated place in Arapahoe County. The postal designation of Englewood is used in the company's mailing address. Jeppesen has offices in locations around the world, including Neu-Isenburg (Germany), Massa (Italy), Crawley (United Kingdom), Gothenburg (Sweden), Canberra (Australia) and  Gdańsk (Poland). The company employs approximately 3,200 people.
Regina Barzilay
Regina Barzilay (Hebrew: רגינה ברזילי; born 1970) is an Israeli-American computer scientist. She is a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a faculty lead for artificial intelligence at the MIT Jameel Clinic. Her research interests are in natural language processing and applications of deep learning to chemistry and oncology.

Natural language processing
Natural language processing (NLP) is the processing of natural language information by a computer. NLP is a subfield of computer science and is closely associated with artificial intelligence. NLP is also related to information retrieval, knowledge representation, computational linguistics, and linguistics more broadly.

Major processing tasks in an NLP system include: speech recognition, text classification, natural language understanding, and natural language generation.
Front for Democracy in Burundi
The Front for Democracy in Burundi (French: Front pour la Démocratie au Burundi, FRODEBU) is a democratic socialist political party in Burundi. In Burundi's ethnically divided political landscape, the FRODEBU is officially a multi-ethnic organization, despite being dominated by the Hutu ethnic group.

Hutu
The Hutu (/ˈhuːtuː/), also known as the Abahutu, are a Bantu ethnic group native to the African Great Lakes region. They mainly live in Rwanda, Burundi, and Uganda where they form one of the principal ethnic groups alongside the Tutsi and the Great Lakes Twa.
Otherkin
Otherkin is a subculture of individuals who identify as partially or entirely nonhuman. An umbrella term for this would be alterhuman. Some otherkin believe their identity derives from non-physical spiritual phenomena, such as having a nonhuman soul or reincarnation. Some otherkin give non-spiritual explanations for themselves, such as unusual psychology or neurodivergence, or as part of dissociative identity disorder or being plural. Many otherkins say they are physically human, but not all.: 66–72

The otherkin subculture developed primarily as an online community during the 1990s. It had partly grown out of some small groups of people who described themselves as elves during the 1970s and 1980s. Since the late 2000s, the word has come to be treated as an umbrella term for some other nonhuman identity subcultures.: 23–24

Hypernymy and hyponymy
Hypernymy and hyponymy are the semantic relations between a generic term (hypernym) and a more specific term (hyponym). The hypernym is also called a supertype, umbrella term, or blanket term. The hyponym names a subtype of the hypernym.  The semantic field of the hyponym is included within that of the hypernym. For example, "pigeon", "crow", and "hen" are all hyponyms of "bird" and "animal"; "bird" and "animal" are both hypernyms of "pigeon", "crow", and "hen".
Mongi Marzouk
Mongi Marzouk (born 2 March 1961, in Matmata) is a Tunisian politician. From 27 February 2020 to 2 September 2020, he served as the Minister of Energy, Mines and Energy Transition in the government of Elyes Fakhfakh. Marzouk previously served as the Minister of Energy and Mines in the government of Habib Essid between January and August 2016. From December 2011 to January 2014, he served as the Minister of Information and Communication Technologies under Prime Minister Hamadi Jebali.

Elyes Fakhfakh
Elyes Fakhfakh (Arabic: إلياس الفخفاخ; born 1972) is a Tunisian politician. He served as the minister of tourism and, starting on 19 December 2012, as the minister of finance as well, under Prime Minister Hamadi Jebali. He served as the Prime Minister of Tunisia from 27 February to 2 September 2020.
Lincoln Electric
Lincoln Electric Holdings, Inc. is an American multinational and global manufacturer of welding products, arc welding equipment, welding accessories, plasma and oxy-fuel cutting equipment and robotic welding systems headquartered in Euclid, Ohio. It has a network of distributors and sales offices covering more than 160 countries and 42 manufacturing locations in North America, Europe, the Middle East, Asia and Latin America. It also operates manufacturing alliances and joint ventures in 19 countries. It is a member of the Fortune 1000.

Arc welding
Arc welding is a welding process that is used to join metal to metal by using electricity to create enough heat to melt metal, and the melted metals, when cool, result in a joining of the metals. It is a type of welding that uses a welding power supply to create an electric arc between a metal stick ("electrode") and the base material to melt the metals at the point of contact. Arc welding power supplies can deliver either direct (DC) or alternating (AC) current to the work, while consumable or non-consumable electrodes are used.

The welding area is usually protected by some type of shielding gas (e.g. an inert gas), vapor, or slag. Arc welding processes may be manual, semi-automatic, or fully automated. First developed in the late part of the 19th century, arc welding became commercially important in shipbuilding during the Second World War. Today it remains an important process for the fabrication of steel structures and vehicles.
Athena Weston School District
Athena Weston School District (29RJ) is a three-school district that serves the cities of Athena, Weston, and Adams, and the community of Mission in Umatilla County, Oregon, United States. The district was formed in the 1970s when the Athena and Weston school districts merged.

Mission, Oregon
Mission is an unincorporated community in Umatilla County, Oregon, United States. For statistical purposes, the United States Census Bureau has defined Mission as a census-designated place (CDP). As of the 2020 census, Mission had a population of 960.

Mission is part of the Pendleton–Hermiston Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Andreas J. Köstenberger
Andreas Johannes Köstenberger (born November 2, 1957) is an Austrian-American Biblical scholar, who was Research Professor at Midwestern Baptist Theological Seminary. Until 2018, he was Senior Research Professor of New Testament and Biblical Theology at Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary (SEBTS) in Wake Forest, North Carolina. Kostenberger now teaches in an adjunct position at BJU Seminary in Greenville, SC. His primary research interests are the Gospel of John, biblical theology, and hermeneutics.

Wake Forest, North Carolina
Wake Forest is a town in Wake and Franklin counties in the U.S. state of North Carolina. Located almost entirely in Wake County, it lies just north of the state capital, Raleigh. At the 2020 census, the population was 47,601, up from 30,117 in 2010. It is part of the Raleigh metropolitan area. Wake Forest was the original home of Wake Forest University for 122 years before it moved to Winston-Salem in 1956.
Geography of Bankura district
Geography of Bankura district refers to the geography of the present Bankura district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Bankura is one of the districts of Burdwan division. It is situated between 22° 38’ and 23° 38’ north latitude and between 86° 36’ and 87° 46’ east longitude. It has an area of 6,788 square kilometres (2,621 sq mi) On the north and north-east the district is bounded by Bardhaman district, from which it is separated by the Damodar River. On the south-east it is bounded by Hooghly district, on the south by Paschim Medinipur district and on the west by Purulia district.

Bishnupur (West Bengal)
Bishnupur (/bɪʃnʊˌpʊər/; Bengali: [biʃnupur]; alternatively spelled as Vishnupur) is a city and a municipality in Bankura district, West Bengal, India. It has terracotta temples built by the Malla rulers, historic Radha Krishna temples built during 1600–1800 CE and the Baluchari sarees. In 1997 the temples of Bishnupur were placed on the UNESCO World Heritage Site's Tentative list.
Edward Taylor McConnell House
The Edward Taylor McConnell House is a historic house at 302 South Fulton Street in Clarksville, Arkansas.  It is a two-story wood-frame structure, built in 1869 for use as a school and Masonic lodge.  It was enlarged in 1876 for conversion to a private residence, and given Folk Victorian style, notably in the delicate spindlework of its front porch.  The latter work was done for Edward Taylor McConnell, a prominent local businessman and figure in the Brooks-Baxter War.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.

Clarksville, Arkansas
Clarksville is a city in Johnson County, Arkansas, United States. As of the 2020 census the population was 9,381, up from 9,178 in 2010. The city is the county seat of Johnson County. It is nestled between the Arkansas River and the foothills of the Ozark Mountains, and Interstate 40 and US Highway 64 intersect within the city limits. Clarksville-Johnson County is widely known for its peaches, scenic byways and abundance of natural outdoor recreational activities.
Eric Keller
Eric Keller is a collegiate wrestling coach, currently at Wartburg College in Waverly, Iowa. Keller was promoted to co-head coach in 2010 with then head coach Jim Miller, and became the sole head coach after Miller stepped down following the 2012–2013 season.

Waverly, Iowa
Waverly is a city in Bremer County, Iowa, United States. The population was 10,394 at the time of the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Bremer County and is part of the Waterloo-Cedar Falls metropolitan area. Waverly is situated along the Cedar River and is accessible via the Avenue of the Saints for transportation.

The sister city of Waverly is the German city of Eisenach, which is famous for the Wartburg castle. Waverly is the location of Wartburg College, which is named after the castle.
Mount Roberts (Juneau, Alaska)
Mount Roberts or Roberts Peak (Tlingit: Wooshkeenax̱ Deiyí) is a 3,819 foot (1,164 m) mountain just east of downtown Juneau, Alaska. It is noted for its accessibility from downtown Juneau and for the Goldbelt Tram which carries passengers and tourists from sea level to 1,800 feet (550 m) up the mountain.

A trail head behind downtown leads to the top of the tram (with nearly 2 miles of steep switchbacks) and from that point to the summit where the views to the west overlook the harbor, West Juneau and Douglas Island.

Douglas Island
Douglas Island (Tlingit: Deishú Áakʼw) is a tidal island in the U.S. state of Alaska. It is part of the city and borough of Juneau, just west of downtown Juneau and east of Admiralty Island. It is separated from mainland Juneau by the Gastineau Channel, and contains the communities of Douglas and West Juneau.
James Ogilvy
James Robert Bruce Ogilvy (born 29 February 1964) is a British landscape designer, and the founder and editor of the magazine Luxury Briefing. He is a member of the extended British royal family as the elder child and only son of Princess Alexandra of Kent and Sir Angus Ogilvy. Queen Elizabeth II was a first cousin of his mother, both of whom were granddaughters of King George V. As a result, he is a second cousin of King Charles III and 59th in the line to the British throne.

Lady Sarah Chatto
Lady Sarah Frances Elizabeth Chatto (née Armstrong-Jones; born 1 May 1964) is a member of the British royal family. She is the only daughter of Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon, and Antony Armstrong-Jones, 1st Earl of Snowdon. She and her brother, David Armstrong-Jones, 2nd Earl of Snowdon, are the only maternal first cousins of King Charles III. At her birth, she was 7th in line to the British throne; as of 2026, she is 29th. Though she does not undertake public duties, she frequently attends events and ceremonies with the wider royal family.
Block, Inc.
Block, Inc. (formerly Square, Inc.) is an American technology company and a financial services provider for consumers and merchants. Founded in 2009 by Jack Dorsey, it is the U.S. market leader in point-of-sale systems. As of 2024, Block serves 57 million users and 4 million sellers, processing $241 billion in payments annually.

Block's inaugural product Square, launched in 2009, is a point-of-sale system. It allows sellers to accept card payments and manage operations, including bookings, e-commerce, inventory, payroll, banking, and obtaining business loans. Additionally, Block's portfolio includes Cash App, a consumer-focused digital wallet introduced in 2013. This app allows users to send, receive, save or borrow money, access a debit card, invest in stocks and bitcoin, and file taxes. Block also owns Afterpay, a buy now, pay later business; Bitkey, a self-custody bitcoin wallet; Proto, a bitcoin mining system; and Tidal, a music streaming business.

Hashrate
The proof-of-work distributed computing schemes, including Bitcoin, frequently use cryptographic hashes as a proof-of-work algorithm. Hashrate is a measure of the total computational power of all participating nodes expressed in units of hash calculations per second. The hash/second units are small, so usually multiples are used, for large networks the preferred unit is terahash (1 trillion hashes), for example, in 2023 the Bitcoin hashrate was about 300,000,000 terahashes per second (that is 300 exahashes or  hash calculations every second).
Mafikeng
Mahikeng (Tswana for "Place of Rocks"), formerly known as Mafikeng and alternatively known as Mafeking (/ˈmæfəkɪŋ/, US also /ˈmɑːf-/), is the capital city of the North West province of South Africa.

Close to South Africa's border with Botswana, Mafikeng is 1,400 km (870 mi) northeast of Cape Town and 260 km (160 mi) west of Johannesburg. In 2001 it had a population of 49,300. In 2007 Mafikeng was reported to have a population of 250,000, of which the CBD constituted between 69,000 and 75,000. It is built on the open veld at an elevation of 1,500 m (4,921 ft), by the banks of the Upper Molopo River. The Madibi goldfields are some 15 kilometres (9+1⁄2 miles) south of the town.

Lulama Xingwana
Lulama "Lulu" Marytheresa Xingwana (born 23 September 1955) is a South African politician who served as Minister for Women, Children and People with Disabilities from November 2010 to May 2014. Previously she held the position of Deputy Minister of Minerals and Energy from 2004 to 2006, was Minister of Agriculture and Land Affairs from 2006 to 2009, succeeding Thoko Didiza, and was Minister of Arts and Culture, 2009–2010.