hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cumalıkızık
Cumalıkızık is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Yıldırım, Bursa Province in Turkey. Its population is 707 (2022). It is 10 kilometers east of the city of Bursa, at the foot of Mount Uludağ. The village is now included within the border of the Yıldırım district as a neighbourhood.

Cumalıkızık was founded as a vakıf village in honor of Ottoman Sultan Orhan Gazi. The historical texture of the village has been well protected and the civilian countryside architectural structures of the early Ottoman period are still intact. For instance, no motorized vehicles are allowed in the town. Because of these efforts, Cumalıkızık has become a popular but still unspoiled center for tourists. During the high season, the village sees as many as 50,000 visitors a week.

Bursa Province
Bursa Province (Turkish: Bursa ili) is a province and metropolitan municipality in Turkey along the Sea of Marmara coast in northwestern Anatolia. It borders Balıkesir to the west, Kütahya to the south, Bilecik and Sakarya to the east, Kocaeli to the northeast and Yalova to the north. Its area is 10,813 km2, and its population is 3,194,720 (2022). Its traffic code is 16.

Almost all of Bursa Province (including the city of Bursa) is in the Marmara region, but the districts of Büyükorhan, Harmancık, Keles and Orhaneli are in the Aegean Region.

The city of Bursa was the capital of the Ottoman State between 1326 and 1365, until the Ottoman conquest of Edirne, then known as Adrianople. Adrianople was the capital until 1453, when Constantinople became the final Ottoman capital.
Sarre-Union
Sarre-Union (French pronunciation: [saʁ ynjɔ̃]; German: Saarunion) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.

It consists of two older towns that were unified on 16 June 1794. On the east bank of the river Sarre is the town of Bouquenom (German: Bockenheim) and on the west bank the town of Ville Neuve de Sarrewerden (German: Neu-Saarwerden). It was renamed Saar-Buckenheim between 1940 and 1944 during Nazi Germany occupation.

Bas-Rhin
Bas-Rhin (French pronunciation: [bɑ ʁɛ̃] ⓘ) is a department in Alsace which is a part of the Grand Est region of France. The name means 'Lower Rhine', referring to its lower altitude among the two French Rhine departments: it is downstream of the Haut-Rhin (Upper Rhine) department. Both belong to the European Upper Rhine region. It is, with the Haut-Rhin (Upper Rhine), one of the two departments of the traditional Alsace region which until 1871, also included the area now known as the Territoire de Belfort. The more populous and densely populated of the pair, it had 1,152,662 inhabitants in 2021. The prefecture is based in Strasbourg. The INSEE and Post Code is 67.

On 1 January 2021, the departemental councils of Bas-Rhin and Haut-Rhin merged into the European Collectivity of Alsace.

The inhabitants of the department are known as Bas-Rhinois or Bas-Rhinoises.
N. H. Brettell
N.H. Brettell (3 July 1908 - 29 November 1991) was a British-Zimbabwean poet and writer. His poetry collection, Bronze Frieze: Poems Mostly Rhodesian  was published by Oxford University Press in 1950. The South African poet Douglas Livingstone remarked that Brettell was the best poet writing in the region. Brettell was awarded the Book Centre / P.E.N. Centre of Rhodesia Annual Literary Prize in 1972 and 1978.

Ruzawi School
Ruzawi School is an Anglican, independent, co-educational, preparatory, boarding school for children aged 6 to 12. It is located near the town of Marondera in Zimbabwe. Ruzawi, which was founded by Robert Grinham and Maurice Carver, has a pupil population ranging from 205 to 220 depending on the balance of boys and girls and the number of pupils in each age group. In the Infants' Department there is one class each for Grade One and Grade Two. An additional entry point at Grade Three enables there to be two classes from that level up to Grade 7. The school is situated some five kilometres south of Marondera in extensive grounds surrounded by many hectares of indigenous miombo woodland and exotic eucalyptus plantations.

Ruzawi School is a member of the Association of Trust Schools (ATS) and the Head is a member of the Conference of Heads of Independent Schools in Zimbabwe (CHISZ).
Orsomarso
Orsomarso (Calabrian: Ursumàrzu) is a town and comune in the province of Cosenza in the Calabria region of southern Italy. Colombian Categoría Primera B football club Orsomarso S.C. was named after the town.

Province of Cosenza
The province of Cosenza (Italian: provincia di Cosenza) is a province in the region of Calabria in Italy. Its capital is the city of Cosenza. It has a population of 669,239 across its 150 municipalities.

The province of Cosenza contains a community of Occitan language (also known as Langue d'oc) speakers in Guardia Piemontese: it was formed by Vaudoi or Waldensian movement members, who moved to Cosenza to avoid religious persecution, in the 13th and 14th centuries. Many of the Arbëreshë Albanians of Italy live in the province, since arriving in the 16th century to flee the religious persecution undertaken by the Ottoman Empire.
Burial of Suicides Act 1823
The Burial of Suicides Act 1823 (4 Geo. 4. c. 52), also known as the Right to Burial Act 1823, was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom granted royal assent on 8 July that year and coming into effect on that date. It removed the ban on burial of suicides in consecrated ground and banned the previous practices of burying them on highways and with a stake through the body. It stipulated that such burials had to occur between 9 pm and midnight within 24 hours of the conclusion of the coroner's inquest on the body and only allowed the use of the burial service if the body was in a churchyard or burial yard, without a stake, within those timings, and without a Christian service.

Coroner
A coroner is a government or judicial official who is empowered to conduct or order an inquest into the manner or cause of death. The official may also investigate or confirm the identity of an unknown person who has been found dead within the coroner's jurisdiction.

In Medieval England, English coroners were Crown officials who held financial powers and conducted some judicial investigations in order to counterbalance the power of sheriffs or bailiffs.

Depending on the jurisdiction, the coroner may adjudge the cause of death personally, or may act as the presiding officer of a special court (a "coroner's jury"). The term coroner derives from the same source as the word crown.
Edward Siggery
Edward David Siggery (born 18 July 1991) is a rugby union player at Pontypridd RFC in the Welsh Premiership, where he plays at flanker.

Born in Carmarthen, Siggery worked his way through the Scarlets Academy, winning caps in the process for Wales at under 16, under 18 and under 20 level.

He also turned out for the Scarlets region's three clubs, Llanelli RFC, Carmarthen Quins RFC and Llandovery RFC.

In 2010, Siggery enlisted to study at the University of Glamorgan in Pontypridd, enabling his move to Pontypridd RFC.

Siggery departed Pontypridd in 2011 following an offer from London Irish Academy.

Siggery returned to Pontypridd at the beginning of the 2012/13 season.

University of Glamorgan
The University of Glamorgan (Welsh: Prifysgol Morgannwg) was a public university based in South Wales, that merged with University of Wales, Newport to form the University of South Wales in April 2013. The university was based in Pontypridd, in Rhondda Cynon Taf, with campuses in Trefforest, Glyntaff, Merthyr Tydfil, Tyn y Wern (The Glamorgan Sport Park) and Cardiff. The university had four faculties and was the only university in Wales which had no link with the University of Wales.

The university was founded in 1913 as the South Wales and Monmouthshire School of Mines, serving the large coal mining industry in the South Wales Valleys.
Işıkvuran, Ovacık
Işıkvuran (Kurdish: Harsi) is a village in the Ovacık District, Tunceli Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Kalan tribe and had a population of 34 in 2021.

The hamlet of Aktaş is attached to the village.

Tunceli Province
Tunceli Province (Turkish: Tunceli ili), formerly Dersim Province (Kurdish: Parêzgeha Dêrsim; Zazaki: Dêsim wilayet; Armenian: Տէրսիմի մարզ), is a province in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey. Its central city is Tunceli. The province has a Kurdish majority. Moreover, it is the only province in Turkey with an Alevi majority. The province has eight municipalities, 366 villages and 1,087 hamlets.
Prevalence of circumcision
The prevalence of circumcision is the percentage of males in a given population who have been circumcised, with the procedure most commonly being performed as a part of preventive healthcare, a religious obligation, or a cultural practice.  Global prevalence is estimated to be close to 38%

Since 2012 both the World Health Organization and Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS have been promoting a higher rate of circumcision prevalence as a prevention against HIV transmission and some STIs in areas with high HIV transmission and low circumcision rates. Around 50% of all circumcisions worldwide are performed for reasons of preventive healthcare, while the other 50% are performed for other reasons, including religious and cultural.

In 2016, the global prevalence of circumcision was rising, predominantly due to the HIV/AIDS programs in Africa and a higher fertility rate among countries where the procedure is commonly performed.

Religious law
Religious law includes ethical and moral codes taught by religious traditions. Examples of religiously derived legal codes include Christian canon law (applicable within a wider theological conception in the church, but in modern times distinct from secular state law), Jewish halakha, Islamic sharia, and Hindu law. In some jurisdictions, religious law may apply only to that religion's adherents; in others, it may be enforced by civil authorities for all residents.
Pileolaria brevipes
Pileolaria brevipes, also known as poison ivy rust, is a species of autoecious fungus in the order Pucciniales. Pileolaria brevipes parasitizes Toxicodendron diversilobum and Toxicodendron radicans. The color of this rust comes from "its asexual spores called urediospores". Poison ivy rust infections become evident in spring as "light pink to dark red swellings on leaflet veins or petioles. By late June, swellings have darkened to brown, and grown. The leaflet or leaf typically exhibits a curled morphology and oftentimes is wilted. Individuals infected with P. brevipes are less prone to flower compared to adjacent, noninfected congeners".

Damaging arthropod associates of Toxicodendron species include Epipaschia zelleri and the poison ivy sawfly.

Toxicodendron diversilobum
Toxicodendron diversilobum (syn. Rhus diversiloba), commonly named Pacific poison oak or western poison oak, is a woody vine or shrub in the sumac family, Anacardiaceae.

It is widely distributed in western North America, inhabiting conifer and mixed broadleaf forests, woodlands, grasslands, and chaparral biomes. Peak flowering occurs in May. Like other members of the genus Toxicodendron, T. diversilobum causes itching and allergic rashes in most people after contact by touch or smoke inhalation. Despite its name, it is not closely related to oaks, nor is it a true tree.
Peak 11,272 (White Cloud Mountains)
Peak 11,272, at 11,272 feet (3,436 m), is the officially unnamed fifth-highest peak of the White Cloud Mountains of the U.S. state of Idaho. The peak is located in Sawtooth National Recreation Area in Custer County 1.25 mi (2.01 km) southeast of D. O. Lee Peak, its line parent. The Big Boulder Lakes are located north of the peak.

Line parent
A peak's line parent is the closest higher peak on the highest ridge leading away from the peak's "key col".  A col is the lowest point on the ridge between two summits and is roughly synonymous with the lowest point of a gap, saddle and notch. The highest col of a peak is its key col. If there is more than one ridge which can be followed to a higher peak then the line parent is the peak closest to the key col. Usually, a line parent must meet some prominence criteria, which might vary depending on the author and the location of the peak.

There are at least two other kinds of peak parentage: island parentage, which is also referred to as encirclement or topographic parentage, and source parentage.
Parochet
A parochet (Hebrew: פרוכת, romanized: parôkheth; Yiddish: פרוכת, romanized: paroykhes), meaning "curtain" or "screen", is the curtain that covers the Torah ark (Aron Kodesh) containing the Torah scrolls in a synagogue.

The parochet symbolizes the curtain that covered the Ark of the Covenant, based on Exodus 40:21: "Then he put up the curtain for screening, and screened off the Ark of the Pact—just as יהוה had commanded Moses."

In most synagogues, the parochet which is used all year round is replaced during the High Holy Days with a white one.

The term parochet is used in the Hebrew Bible to describe the curtain that separated the Holy of Holies  from the main hall (Hebrew: היכל, romanized: hekhal) of the Temple in Jerusalem. Its use in synagogues is a reference to the centrality of the Temple to Jewish worship.

The Umberto Nahon Museum of Italian Jewish Art in Jerusalem houses the oldest surviving parochet, dating to 1572.

High Holy Days
In Judaism, the High Holy Days, also known as High Holidays or Days of Awe (Yamim Noraim; Hebrew: יָמִים נוֹרָאִים‎, Yāmīm Nōrāʾīm) consist of:

strictly, the holidays of Rosh Hashanah ("Jewish New Year") and Yom Kippur ("Day of Atonement");

by extension, the period of ten days including those holidays, known also as the Ten Days of Repentance (עשרת ימי תשובה); or,

by a further extension, the entire 40-day penitential period in the Jewish year from Rosh Chodesh Elul to Yom Kippur, traditionally taken to represent the forty days Moses spent on Mount Sinai before coming down with the second ("replacement") set of the Tablets of Stone.

The High Holy Days also are also considered to extend through the festival season of Sukkot, Shemini Atzeret, and Simchat Torah.
Maud of Apulia
Maud of Apulia (c. 1060 – c. 1112) was a member of the Norman D’Hauteville family and a daughter of Robert Guiscard and his second wife Sikelgaita, a Lombard princess, the daughter of Guaimar IV, Prince of Salerno. She was also known as Mahalda, Mahault, Mafalda and Matilda. She was the wife of Ramón Berenguer II, and thus Countess of Barcelona (1077–1082). After her husband’s death, she remarried Aimery I, the Viscount of Narbonne (1086–1108).

Guaimar IV of Salerno
Guaimar IV (c. 1013 – 2, 3 or 4 June 1052) was Prince of Salerno (1027–1052), Duke of Amalfi (1039–1052), Duke of Gaeta (1040–1041), and Prince of Capua (1038–1047) in Southern Italy over the period from 1027 to 1052. He was an important figure in the final phase of Byzantine authority in the Mezzogiorno and the commencement of Norman power. He was, according to Amatus of Montecassino, "more courageous than his father, more generous and more courteous; indeed he possessed all the qualities a layman should have—except that he took an excessive delight in women."
Valeriy Dushkov
Valery Dushkov (Ukrainian: Валерій Олексійович Душков; born 10 April 1953) is a Russian-born Ukrainian football coach and a former footballer.

He was born in the city of Kospash (today part of Kizel), Perm Oblast. Dushkov started his coaching career as a playing coach in Okhtyrka.

In 2012–2016 he was helping Mykhailo Fomenko with the Ukraine national football team.

Okhtyrka
Okhtyrka (Ukrainian: Охтирка, IPA: [oxˈtɪrkɐ] ⓘ; Russian: Ахтырка, romanized: Akhtyrka) is a city in Sumy Oblast, Ukraine. It serves as the administrative center of Okhtyrka Raion within the oblast.

Okhtyrka was once home to Hussars and Cossacks. It was also in the past a regional seat of the Sloboda Ukraine Imperial Region and of the Ukrainian SSR. Since the discovery of oil and gas in 1961, Okhtyrka has come to be known as the "oil capital" of Ukraine. It is home to the former Okhtyrka air base and other historical and religious sites. Some religious buildings in Okhtyrka were almost destroyed in the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
Mitri al-Murr
Mitrī al-Murr (Arabic: متري المر; Greek: Μίτρι Ελ Μούρ; also Mitri El Murr; 7 November  1880 – 31 August 1969) was a Lebanese deacon, composer, scholar and the Archon Protopsaltis (first cantor) of the Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch, from 1912 until his death. He was born in Tripoli.

He is known for his sophisticated compositions of Orthodox Church music.

Cantor (Christianity)
In Christianity, the cantor, female chantress, sometimes called the precentor or the protopsaltes (Greek: πρωτοψάλτης, lit. 'first singer'; from Greek: ψάλτης, romanized: psaltes, lit. 'singer'), is the chief singer, and usually instructor, employed at a church, with responsibilities for the choir and the preparation of the Mass or worship service. The term is also used for a similar task in Reform Judaism and in Ancient Egypt.

Generally, a cantor must be competent to choose and conduct the vocals for the choir, to start any chant on demand, and to be able to identify and correct the missteps of singers placed under them. A cantor may be responsible for the immediate rendering of the music, showing the course of the melody by movements of the hand(s) (cheironomia), similar to a conductor.
2023 Tri-Nation Series (India)
The 2023 Hero Tri-Nation Series (also 2023 Hero Tri-Nation International Football Tournament) was the second edition of the Tri-Nation Series, a 3-team association football tournament held at the Khuman Lampak Main Stadium in the Indian city of Imphal between the 22nd and 28th of March 2023. The tournament was organized by the AIFF as part of the senior men team's preparation for 2023 AFC Asian Cup. India won the tournament with a 2–0 win over Kyrgyzstan on the final matchday.

All India Football Federation
All India Football Federation (AIFF) is the governing body of football, futsal and beach soccer in India. It is a member of FIFA, and is affiliated with the Asian Football Confederation and South Asian Football Federation.

It is affiliated with the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports, Government of India. India men's and women's football teams are governed by the AIFF, and represent India in various international football tournaments.

The AIFF manages, sanctions, conducts, schedules and runs all national level football tournaments and leagues in India, including Indian Super League, I-League, I-League 2, I-League 3, Indian Women's League, Indian Women's League 2, Santosh Trophy, Rajmata Jijabai Trophy, Futsal Club Championship, National Beach Soccer Championship, Super Cup, Durand Cup, Youth League and others. The federation also indirectly manages local football competitions through its member associations.
Murder of Carole Packman
Veronica Anne Packman (née Thornton, c. 1945 – June 1985), known as Carole Packman, was a 40-year-old British woman who disappeared from her home in Bournemouth, England in June 1985. Her husband, Russell Causley (né Packman), was found guilty of her murder, but her body has never been found.

On 12 December 2022, Causley had the first public parole hearing in British history. Samantha Gillingham, the couple's daughter who has campaigned for years to keep her father in prison, called the decision to hold a public hearing "momentous".

In January 2023 the Parole Board concluded that Causley should be released again and he left prison in February that year, subject to release licence conditions.

Dorset Police
Dorset Police is the territorial police force responsible for policing the county of Dorset in South West England, which includes the largely rural area covered by Dorset Council, and the urban conurbation of Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole.

The force covers an area of 1,024 square miles (2,650 km2) with a population of 774,000.
Lebedinsky iron ore deposit
Lebedinsky iron ore deposit is an iron ore deposit in the Belgorod Oblast, near the city of Gubkin, on the territory of the Staro-Oskolsky iron ore region of the Kursk Magnetic Anomaly, which is on the balance sheet of Lebedinsky GOK OAO. It was discovered in 1956, the development of rich iron ores has been carried out since 1959, since 1973 a deposit of ferruginous quartzites has been developed. The explored reserves of iron ore are 4.3 billion tons with an Fe content of 44.6% . An ore deposit measuring one and a half by two kilometers lies at a depth of fifty to one hundred and sixty meters (upper limit). The main ore minerals are magnetite, hematite. Development is carried out in an open way. The average annual production is more than thirty-eight million tons of ore. The main administrative and industrial development centers are located in Gubkin and Stary Oskol.

Stary Oskol
Stary Oskol (Russian: Ста́рый Оско́л, IPA: [ˈstarɨj ɐˈskol]) is a city in Belgorod Oblast, Russia, located 618 kilometers (384 mi) south of Moscow. Population: 221,678 (2021 census); 221,085 (2010 census); 215,898 (2002 census); 173,917 (1989 Soviet census). It is called Stary Oskol (lit. 'Old Oskol') to distinguish it from Novy Oskol (lit. 'New Oskol') located 60 kilometres (37 mi) south. Both are on the Oskol River.
Archdiocese of Zagreb
The Metropolitan Archdiocese of Zagreb (Latin: Archidioecesis Metropolitae Zagrebiensis; Croatian: Zagrebačka nadbiskupija i metropolija) is the central Latin Church archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Croatia, centered in the capital city Zagreb. It is the metropolitan see of Croatia, and the present archbishop is Dražen Kutleša.
It encompasses the northwestern continental areas of Croatia.

Order of Saint Paul the First Hermit
The Order of Saint Paul the First Hermit (Latin: Ordo Fratrum Sancti Pauli Primi Eremitæ; abbreviated OSPPE), commonly called the Pauline Fathers, is a monastic order of the Catholic Church founded in Hungary during the 13th century.

This name is derived from the hermit Saint Paul of Thebes (died c. 345), canonized in 491 by Pope Gelasius I. After his death, the Monastery of Saint Paul the Anchorite was founded and still exists today, taking him as its model.
Brereton baronets
The Brereton Baronetcy, of Hanford in the County of Chester, was a title in the Baronetage of England. It was created on 10 March 1627 for William Brereton, Member of Parliament for Cheshire. The title became extinct on the death of the second Baronet in 1674.

Handforth Hall
Handforth Hall is a former manor house in Handforth, Cheshire, England.  It is dated 1562, and was built by Sir Urian Brereton.  Alterations have been made to it in the 17th century, and subsequently.  The hall is a timber-framed building and currently consists of a single range, with two storeys and five bays.  Originally it was either E-shaped or quadrilateral in plan.  The hall is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building.  It was at one time the home of Sir William Brereton, a Parliamentary commander in the English Civil War.

Under a coved gable by the porch entrance there is an ornately carved inscription on the lintel, reading:

"THIS HAULLE WAS BUYLDED IN THE YEARE OF OUR LORD GOD MCCCCCLXll BY
URYAN BRERETON KNIGHT WHOM MARYED MARGARET DAUGHTER AND HEYRE OF
WYLLYAM HANDFORTH OF HANDFORTHE ESQUYER AND HAD ISSUE VI SONNES AND II DAUGHTERS."