hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lord Arthur Hamilton
Captain Lord Arthur John Hamilton (20 August 1883 – 6 November 1914) was a British Army officer and courtier, who briefly served as Deputy Master of the Household.

Hamilton was the son of James Hamilton, 2nd Duke of Abercorn and Lady Mary Anna Curzon. He commissioned into the Royal Scots on 20 April 1901. He later transferred to the Irish Guards joining the 1st Battalion of the regiment. On 3 March 1913 he was promoted to captain, and two days later he was appointed Deputy Master of the Household in the household of George V.

He was deployed to France with his battalion, part of the British Expeditionary Force, in August 1914. Hamilton was killed on 6 November 1914 during the First Battle of Ypres. He is commemorated on the Menin Gate. Hamilton was unmarried at the time of his death.

Menin Gate
The Menin Gate (Dutch: Menenpoort), officially the Menin Gate Memorial to the Missing, is a war memorial in Ypres, Belgium, dedicated to the British and Commonwealth soldiers who were killed in the Ypres Salient of World War I and whose graves are unknown. The memorial is located at the eastern exit of the town and marks the starting point for one of the main roads that led Allied soldiers to the front line.

Designed by Sir Reginald Blomfield and built by the Imperial War Graves Commission (since renamed the Commonwealth War Graves Commission), the Menin Gate Memorial was unveiled on 24 July 1927. In early 2023, the monument was closed for extensive restoration works, and the work was completed in Spring 2025.
Parti Bumiputera Perkasa Malaysia
Parti Bumiputera Perkasa Malaysia (Malay for "Malaysia Mighty Bumiputera Party", Jawi: ڤرتي بوميڤوترا ڤركاس مليسيا, Abbr.: PUTRA) is a nationalist political party in Malaysia. The party was founded and led by Ibrahim Ali.

Abbreviation
An abbreviation (from Latin  brevis 'short') is a shortened form of a word or phrase, by any method including shortening, contraction, initialism (which includes acronym), or crasis. An abbreviation may be a shortened form of a word, usually ended with a trailing full stop (period). For example, the term etc. is the usual abbreviation for the Latin phrase et cetera.
New York State Sportswriters Association
The New York State Sportswriters Association (NYSSWA), founded in 1967, is a source of reference information and statistics about scholastic athletics in the state. Begun by sportswriters Larry Serrell of the Schenectady Daily Gazette and Chuck Korbar of the Buffalo Evening News, NYSSWA membership grew from 12 in 1967 to 246 in 1971 and over 500 annual subscribers by 1995, according to the organization.

The active readership includes newspapers, radio and television stations in the state, as well as high school coaches and administrators, college sports coaches and the parents of athletes. The organization's biggest undertaking is the eight-page newsletter that is published 50 times a year. The NYSSWA publishes weekly team rankings in all major sports and also selects all-state teams in soccer, basketball, football, baseball, and softball.  The NYSSWA newsletter has been edited and distributed for over 40 years by Neil Kerr of the Syracuse Post-Standard.

The Buffalo News
The Buffalo News is the main newspaper of the Buffalo–Niagara Falls metropolitan area, located in downtown Buffalo, New York.

It was for decades the only paper fully owned by Warren Buffett's Berkshire Hathaway. In 2020, the paper was sold to Lee Enterprises.
Saša Kovačević (singer)
Aleksandar "Saša" Kovačević (Serbian: Александар "Саша" Ковачевић; born 27 July 1985) is a Serbian singer-songwriter. Born in Zemun, Kovačević began performing professionally as a teenager. In 2004, he rose to prominence by competing at the Sunčane Skale festival in Herceg Novi with the song "Pakao i raj". Kovačević has released two studio albums: Jedina si vredela (2006) and Ornament (2010), and held his first solo concert at the Sava Centar in Belgrade, May 2011.

Additionally, Kovačević has released numerous standalone singles, including "Lapsus" (2012), "Slučajno" (2013), "Živim da te volim" (2015), "Zamalo tvoj", "Temperatura" (2016) and "Prevarena" (2019), which have individually accumulated between over 50 and 80 million views on YouTube.

He has received various awards for his music, including the title of a "meritorious citizen" of the municipality of Zemun in November 2011.

Herceg Novi
Herceg Novi (Cyrillic: Херцег Нови, pronounced [xěrtseɡ nôviː]) is a town in Coastal region of Montenegro located at the Western entrance to the Bay of Kotor and at the foot of Mount Orjen. It is the administrative center of the Herceg Novi Municipality with around 33,000 inhabitants. The town was founded as a fortress in 1382 by the King of Bosnia, Tvrtko I Kotromanić, and named after Saint Stephen but the name did not stick, instead it became known as Novi (transl. New), also Castelnuovo in Italian (transl. New Castle). Between 1482 and 1687 it was part of the Ottoman Empire and then from 1687 to 1797 the Albania Veneta of the Republic of Venice. It was a Catholic bishopric and remains a Latin titular see as Novi. Herceg Novi has had a turbulent past, despite being one of the youngest settlements on the Adriatic. A history of varied occupations has created a blend of diverse and picturesque architectural styles in the city.
Lower Left Rhine Railway
The Left Lower Rhine line (German: Linksniederrheinische Strecke) is a main line on the left (western) bank of the Rhine in the lower Rhine region of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia, running from Cologne to Cleves (Kleve) and formerly via Kranenburg to Nijmegen in the Netherlands.  The Cologne–Krefeld section of the line was opened by the Cöln-Crefeld Railway Company in 1855 and is one of the oldest lines in Germany.

The 55 km-long section from Cologne via Neuss to Krefeld is electrified and continuously multi-track. The subsequent 65 km-long Krefeld–Kleve section is non-electrified and single-track north of Geldern. The section from Kleve to Nijmegen has been closed since 1991.

Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn line S 11 trains run on the line from Cologne to Neuss, partly on separate S-Bahn track, including a separate loop, partly underground, through the Cologne district of Chorweiler.

Nijmegen
Nijmegen (/ˈnaɪmeɪɡən/ NY-may-gən, Dutch: [ˈnɛimeːɣə(n)] ⓘ; Nijmeegs: Nimwèège [ˈnɪmβ̞ɛːçə]) is the largest city in the Dutch province of Gelderland and the ninth largest of the Netherlands as a whole. Located on the Waal River close to the German border, Nijmegen is one of the oldest cities in the Netherlands and the first to be recognized as such in Roman times. In 2005, it celebrated 2,000 years of existence.

Nijmegen became a free imperial city in 1230 and a Hanseatic city in 1402. Since 1923 it has been a university city with the opening of a Catholic institution now known as the Radboud University Nijmegen. The city is well known for the annual Vierdaagse — the International Four Days Marches Nijmegen event.

Its population as of 2024 was 187,011.
2016 Skyrunning World Championships
The 2016 Skyrunning World Championships was the 3rd edition of the global skyrunning competition, Skyrunning World Championships, organised by the International Skyrunning Federation and was held in Spain (Lleida, Vall de Boí) from 22 to 23 July 2016.

La Vall de Boí
La Vall de Boí (Western Catalan: [la ˈbaʎ ðe βoˈi], formerly known as Barruera) is a municipality and narrow, steep-sided valley in Catalonia. It lies in the Alta Ribagorça county in the Alt Pirineu region, on the edges of the Pyrenees. It has a population of 1,116 (register office, 2024) .

The valley is best known for its nine Early Romanesque churches, making it the site of the densest concentration of Romanesque architecture in Europe. It was designated as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO on 30 November 2000. The valley also includes the highest ski resort in the Pyrenees, at Boí-Taüll, and borders the Aigüestortes i Estany de Sant Maurici National Park which lies to the northeast.
Schwingen
Schwingen (from German schwingen "to swing"), also known as Swiss wrestling (French lutte Suisse) and natively (and colloquially) as Hosenlupf (Swiss German for "breeches-lifting"), is a style of folk wrestling native to Switzerland, more specifically the pre-alpine parts of German-speaking Switzerland. Wrestlers wear Schwingerhosen ("wrestling breeches") with belts that are used for taking holds. Throws and trips are common because the first person to pin their opponent's shoulders to the ground wins the bout.

Schwingen is considered a "national sport" of Switzerland, alongside Hornussen and Steinstossen. Schwingen and Steinstossen were included as Nationalturnen ("national gymnastics") in the Eidgenössisches Turnfest at Lausanne in 1855.

The modern history of organized Schwingen tournaments begins with the Unspunnenfest of 1805.

Falling (accident)
Falling is the phenomenon of a person or animal losing balance and limb support for the core, causing the head and torso to end up in a lower position, often on the ground. Mechanical fall is the medical term that describe falling from standing not caused by altered/loss of consciousness (syncope), and a trip is a mechanical fall due to unwanted interactions with other objects in the environment when walking, running or jumping, usually an unintended contact between the feet and things on the ground.

Falling is the second-leading cause of accidental death worldwide and a major cause of personal injury, especially for the elderly. Falls in older adults are a major class of preventable injuries. Construction workers, electricians, miners, and painters are occupations with high rates of fall injuries.

Long-term exercise appears to decrease the rate of falls in older people. About 226 million cases of significant accidental falls occurred in 2015. These resulted in 527,000 deaths.
Pressure reactor
A pressure reactor, sometimes referred to as a pressure tube, or a sealed tube, is a chemical reaction vessel which can conduct a reaction under pressure.  A pressure reactor is a special application of a pressure vessel. The pressure can be caused by the reaction itself or created by an external source, like hydrogen in catalytic transfer hydrogenation.

Hydrogenation
Hydrogenation is a chemical reaction between molecular hydrogen (H2) and another compound or element, usually in the presence of a catalyst such as nickel, palladium or platinum. The process is commonly employed to reduce or saturate organic compounds. Hydrogenation typically constitutes the addition of pairs of hydrogen atoms to a molecule, often an alkene. Catalysts are required for the reaction to be usable; non-catalytic hydrogenation takes place only at very high temperatures. Hydrogenation reduces double and triple bonds in hydrocarbons.
Coon Box Fork Bridge
The Coon Box Fork Bridge is a swinging suspension bridge located 1 mile (1.6 km) southwest of Coon Box in Jefferson County, Mississippi. The bridge carries Coon Box Road across the North Fork Coles Creek. Constructed in 1919 for $3,498.99, the bridge has a wooden deck and concrete towers plated in iron. The bridge was one of many of the same type constructed in Jefferson County in the early 1900s to serve farmers in Coon Box; it is considered a "highly successful technological product" and is in fair condition. The bridge was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 23, 1979. The bridge was destroyed in 2015.

Deck (bridge)
A deck is the surface of a bridge.  A structural element of its superstructure, it may be constructed of concrete, steel, open grating, or wood. Sometimes the deck is covered by a railroad bed and track, asphalt concrete, or other form of pavement for ease of vehicle crossing. A concrete deck may be an integral part of the bridge structure (T-beam or double tee structure) or it may be supported with I-beams or steel girders.

When a bridge deck is installed in a through truss, it is sometimes called a floor system. A suspended bridge deck will be suspended from the main structural elements on a suspension or arch bridge. On some bridges, such as a tied-arch or a cable-stayed, the deck is a primary structural element, carrying tension or compression to support the span.

A deck bridge is one in which the deck itself is the main structural element, itself carrying the roadway.  Contrast to a truss bridge which may carry a deck on the top chords or bottom chords of a structural truss.
Kadakkarapally Boat
The Kadakkarapally Boat is a shipwreck found near Kadakkarappally, in the Southern India state of Kerala.

The vessel was discovered by farmers in a coconut grove in southern India in 1990. Archaeologists were informed of its existence in 2002, and the wreck was excavated in 2003.

Kadakkarappally
Kadakkarappally is a village in Alappuzha district in the Indian state of Kerala. It is a panchayat which comes under the Cherthala Assembly constituency.

The village is home to St. Mary's Forane Church, Thankey.
Stone Cold Heart
Stone Cold Heart  is the debut studio album by South African singer Elaine. It was released on 11 October 2024 by Columbia Records. Stone Cold Heart blends elements of R&B, trap soul and neo-soul with inspiration from R&B singers such as Beyoncé and Lauryn Hill. Tirus Thomas and Elyzée Mubikay are credited as producers.

Elaine (singer)
Ndivhuwo Elaine Mukheli (born 2 April 1999), known mononymously as Elaine, is a South African R&B singer and songwriter from Pretoria. While studying law at the University of the Witwatersrand, she self-released her debut EP Elements in September 2019. The EP reached No. 1 on both the national iTunes and Apple Music album charts, making her the first independent female artist to do so.Elements was certified Platinum by the Recording Industry of South Africa (RiSA) a year after its initial release, and in 2020 it was nominated for Best R&B/Soul Album at the South African Music Awards. Elaine was subsequently signed to Columbia Records in December 2020.
Betty Kretschmer
Beatriz "Betty" Kretschmer Ries de Buccicardi (born 24 January 1928) is a Chilean sprinter. She competed in the heats only at the 1948 Summer Olympics, running in the women's 100 metres, 200 metres and relay.

She was the long jump gold medallist and 4 × 100 metres relay silver medallist at the 1951 Pan American Games and returned four years later to win a further bronze medal with the Chilean relay team. She also placed fourth in the 200 m at the 1951 Games.

At regional level she had a long-lasting career. Her first medals were two silvers in the 100 m and 200 m at the 1943 South American Championships in Athletics. She gained her first South American title at the 1945 Championships, taking 100 m gold in addition to a 200 m silver. A triple followed at the 1946 South American Championships, where she topped the field in 100 m, 200 m and the long jump. Her last successes were at the 1956 South American Championships in Athletics, where she was 200 m champion and 100 m runner-up.

1946 South American Championships in Athletics (unofficial)
The unofficial South American Championships in Athletics were held in the Chilean capital, Santiago, during April 1946. The event, entitled "II Campeonato Sudamericano Extraordinario Barón Pierre de Coubertin", was held in celebration of the 50th anniversary of the modern Olympic Games.
RV Huxley
RV Huxley was the first research vessel used by the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom explicitly for fisheries research and is regarded as the first vessel yielding data for the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (United Kingdom) - Directorate of Fisheries, now known as the Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas) .

Plaice
Plaice is a common name for a group of flatfish that comprises four species: the European, American, Alaskan and scale-eye plaice.

Commercially, the most important plaice is the European. The principal commercial flatfish in Europe, it is also widely fished recreationally, has potential as an aquaculture species, and is kept as an aquarium fish. The American plaice is also commercially important.

The term plaice (plural plaice) comes from the 14th-century Anglo-French plais. This in turn comes from the late Latin platessa, meaning flatfish, which originated from the Ancient Greek platys, meaning broad.
Carlow/Mayo
Carlow Mayo is a township in northern Hastings County in Eastern Ontario, Canada. It was formed in 2001 by the amalgamation of the townships of Carlow and Mayo.

Historically, the economy in the area was based on timber and mining. The Little Mississippi River and York River were used to transport logs out of the forests. Now, tourism is an important part of the local economy. Over half of the land in the region is designated crown land.

Carlow and Mayo were named after the counties of the same name in Ireland (County Carlow and County Mayo).

Communities within the municipal boundaries include: Bessemer, Boulter, Childs Mines, Craigmont, Fort Stewart, Hartsmere, Havergal, Hermon, McArthur Mills, New Carlow, and Rowland.

Little Mississippi River (Ontario)
The Little Mississippi River is a river in eastern Ontario, Canada. It is the outlet river of Weslemkoon Lake and ends in the York River which in turn empties into the Madawaska River, a tributary of the Ottawa River.

The river joins the York River where it flows through Conroy Marsh, a provincially significant wetland. At one time, this river was used to transport logs out of the pine forests to sawmills located downstream. A number of timber slides were built to transport logs through rapids along the river. Now, the river is used for recreational canoeing.

It is called Little to distinguish it from the larger Mississippi River of Ontario, which is distinct from the much larger Mississippi River in the United States.
Valdres Upper Secondary School
Valdres Upper Secondary School (Valdres videregåande skule) is a high school in Leira, just south of the town of Fagernes in Nord-Aurdal Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The school is the primary high school for the vast majority of students in the greater Valdres area, and offers a relatively broad range of subjects. The school is run by the Innlandet County Municipality.

Since distances in the area are quite big, many students live in small apartments closer to the school (e.g. students from the areas farthest away may take up to an hour of travel every day by bus just to get to school).

Prior to 2001 split in two campuses, one in Leira and another at Fagernes, but a new building and heavy investment from the municipality enlarged the Leira campus so that everyone could be at one school.

At the time of writing, the principal is Kari Elisabeth Rustad, and the student count is generally around 500.

Innlandet County Municipality
Innlandet County Municipality (Norwegian: Innlandet fylkeskommune) is the democratically elected regional governing administration of Innlandet county in Norway. The main responsibilities of the county municipality includes the overseeing the county's 23 upper secondary schools with over 12,000 students. They also oversee 6,800 kilometres (4,200 mi) of county roadways and public transport including over 600 busses. The county has 39 dental clinics. The county is also in charge of promoting local culture and cultural heritage.
Machete Ensemble
The Machete Ensemble was a Latin jazz band whose 21-year organization ended with its final concert on November 12, 2006, when it closed the 2006 San Francisco Jazz Festival. KQED News reported that "it seemed like everyone who was ever part of the San Francisco Latin jazz scene was on hand to bid adios to John Santos' Machete Ensemble."

Its main personnel were San Francisco Bay Area musicians John Santos, director, congas, percussion, composer; Orestes Vilató, timbales, bongos; John Calloway, flute, composer/arranger; Wayne Wallace, trombone, composer/arranger; Melecio Magdaluyo, saxophone, clarinet, flute; Ron Stallings, saxophone, clarinet; David Belove, bass; Paul Van Wageningen, drumset; Murray Low, piano; Orlando Torriente, vocals, percussion.

Orestes Vilató
Orestes Vilató (born 12 May 1944 in Camagüey, Cuba) is a Cuban percussionist who has worked as a sideman with  Ray Barretto, Johnny Pacheco, Cachao, and the Fania All-Stars. Vilató also worked with Carlos Santana, for whom he played timbales, percussion and sang backing vocals. He moved to New York City when he was 12 years old, after his father was hired by the Cuban airline Cubana de Aviación.He is considered to be one of the foremost timbaleros in the salsa genre. He has been a strong musical presence in the San Francisco Bay Area music scene playing with several groups like the Machete Ensemble and Los Kimbos. He has also been an influential music mentor to many owing to his deep musical knowledge and generous nature.
Daniel Humair
Daniel Humair (born 23 May 1938 in Geneva, Switzerland) is a Swiss drummer, composer, and painter.

He is widely renowned and became a Chevalier of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres in 1986 and Officer in 1992. He has played with many jazz performers notably Phil Woods, Jean-Luc Ponty, Chet Baker, Michel Portal, Martial Solal, Dexter Gordon, Gerry Mulligan, Rahsaan Roland Kirk and Eric Dolphy.

Humair is also a talented painter. He describes his own work as "figurative abstract" and has created a coherent œuvre proving his passion and knowledge of artistic painting.

Rahsaan Roland Kirk
Rahsaan Roland Kirk (born Ronald Theodore Kirk; August 7, 1935 – December 5, 1977), known earlier in his career simply as Roland Kirk, was an American jazz multi-instrumentalist who played tenor saxophone, flute, and many other instruments. He was renowned for his onstage vitality; in his shows, virtuoso improvisation was accompanied by comic banter, political ranting, and the simultaneous playing of several instruments.
Lucius Cluentius
Lucius Cluentius was a general of the Pompeiian forces. Lucius Cluentius, called Aulus Cluentius by Eutropius, was one of the Italian generals during the Social War. He commanded the Pompeiian troops against Sulla, and was at first victorious, but was subsequently defeated by Sulla in 89 BC. He, along with 20,000 of his men were killed after being chased to the walls of Nola, having been refused entry by its besieged inhabitants.

Nola
Nola is a town and a municipality in the Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, southern Italy. It lies on the plain between Mount Vesuvius and the Apennines. It is traditionally credited as the diocese that introduced bells to Christian worship.
Gooseberry Falls State Park
Gooseberry Falls State Park is a state park of Minnesota, United States, on the North Shore of Lake Superior. The park is located in Silver Creek Township, about 13 miles (21 km) northeast of Two Harbors, Minnesota in Lake County on scenic Minnesota Highway 61. The park surrounds the mouth of the Gooseberry River and includes Upper, Middle, and Lower Falls.

Silver Creek Township, Lake County, Minnesota
Silver Creek Township is a township in Lake County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 1,178 at the 2000 census.

Minnesota State Highway 61 serves as a main route in the township.

Silver Creek Township was organized in 1905.