hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Adam of Bremen
Adam of Bremen (Latin: Adamus Bremensis; German: Adam von Bremen; before 1050 – 12 October 1081/1085) was a German medieval chronicler. He lived and worked in the second half of the eleventh century. Adam is most famous for his chronicle Gesta Hammaburgensis ecclesiae pontificum (Deeds of Bishops of the Hamburg Church). He was "one of the foremost historians and early ethnographers of the medieval period".

In his chronicle, he included a chapter mentioning the Norse outpost of Vinland, and was thus the first European to write about the New World.

Norsemen
The Norsemen (or Northmen) were a Germanic cultural group in the Early Middle Ages, originating among speakers of Old Norse in Scandinavia. During the late eighth century, Scandinavians embarked on a large-scale expansion in all directions, giving rise to the Viking Age. In English-language scholarship since the 19th century, Norse seafaring traders, settlers and warriors have commonly been referred to as Vikings.

Historians of Anglo-Saxon England often use the term "Norse" in a different sense, distinguishing between Norse Vikings (Norsemen) from Norway, who mainly invaded and occupied the islands north and north-west of Britain as well as Ireland and western Britain, and Danish Vikings, who principally invaded and occupied eastern Britain.
Paul Magdalino
Paul Magdalino FBA (born 10 May 1948) is a British Byzantinist who is Bishop Wardlaw Professor (Emeritus) of Byzantine History at the University of St Andrews. He received the 1993 Runciman Award for his monograph on the reign of Manuel I Komnenos (1143–1180), which challenged Niketas Choniates' negative appraisal of the ruler.

Byzantine studies
Byzantine studies is an interdisciplinary branch of the humanities that addresses the history, culture, demography, dress, religion/theology, art, literature/epigraphy, music, science, economy, coinage and politics of the Eastern Roman Empire. The German Humanist, Hieronymus Wolf is often credited with applying the name "Byzantine" to describe the Eastern Roman Empire first, which continued after the Western Roman Empire collapsed in 476 AD. About 100 years after the final conquest of Constantinople by the Ottomans, Wolf began to collect, edit, and translate the writings of Byzantine philosophers. Other 16th-century humanists introduced Byzantine studies to Holland and Italy. The subject may also be called Byzantinology or Byzantology, although these terms are usually found in English translations of original non-English sources. A scholar of Byzantine studies is called a Byzantinist.
Ivan Beshoff
Ivan Beshoff (Russian: Иван Бешов, romanized: Ivan Beshov; 1882/84 – 25 October 1987) was a Russian participant in the 1905 mutiny on the battleship Potemkin.  After the mutiny he fled to Britain where he met Vladimir Lenin and Irish republican James Larkin. Developing an interest in Ireland, he moved to Dublin in 1913, and later found work as an agent for the Soviet-owned company Russian Oil Products. He was arrested on suspicion of espionage. The company collapsed in 1940. Sometime after, he established a fish and chip shop, that survives as a chain in Dublin run by his descendants.

Fish-and-chip shop
A fish-and-chip shop, sometimes referred to as a chip shop or chippy, is a business which specialises in selling fish and chips. Usually, fish-and-chip shops provide takeaway service, although some have seating facilities. Fish-and-chip shops may also sell other foods, including variations on their core offering such as battered sausage and burgers, to regional cuisine such as Indian food.
Arabinosyl nucleoside
Arabinosyl nucleosides are derivatives of the nucleosides. They contain β-D-arabinofuranose, in contrast to most nucleosides which contain β-D-ribofuranose. They are used as cytostatics or virostatics.

Antiviral drug
Antiviral drugs are a class of medication used for treating viral infections. Most antivirals target specific viruses, while a broad-spectrum antiviral is effective against a wide range of viruses. Antiviral drugs are a class of antimicrobials, a larger group which also includes antibiotic (also termed antibacterial), antifungal and antiparasitic drugs, or antiviral drugs based on monoclonal antibodies. Most antivirals are considered relatively harmless to the host, and therefore can be used to treat infections. They should be distinguished from virucides, which are not medication but deactivate or destroy virus particles, either inside or outside the body. Natural virucides are produced by some plants such as eucalyptus and Australian tea trees.
After the Storm (1948 film)
After the Storm (German: Nach dem Sturm) is a 1948 drama film directed by Gustav Ucicky and starring Maria Schell. It was made as a co-production between Austria, Switzerland and Liechtenstein, based on a novella by Carl Zuckmayer.  Shooting took place at the Bellerive Studios in Zürich and on location in Ascona, Salzburg and Monte San Salvatore in Ticino. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Robert Furrer and Otto Niedermoser.

Maria Schell
Maria Margarethe Anna Schell (15 January 1926 – 26 April 2005) was an Austrian-Swiss actress. She was one of the leading stars of German cinema in the 1950s and 1960s. In 1954, she was awarded the Cannes Best Actress Award for her performance in Helmut Käutner's war drama The Last Bridge, and in 1956, she won the Volpi Cup for Best Actress at the Venice Film Festival for Gervaise.
Iercici
The Iercici (also Iercicu; Ciortoș or Valea Mare) is a left tributary of the river Apa Mare in Romania. It discharges into the Apa Mare near Becicherecu Mic. Its length is 31 km (19 mi) and its basin size is 108 km2 (42 sq mi).

Becicherecu Mic
Becicherecu Mic (Hungarian: Kisbecskerek; German: Fischdorf or Kleinbetschkerek; Serbian: Мали Бечкерек, romanized: Mali Bečkerek) is a commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of a single village, Becicherecu Mic. It also included Dudeștii Noi until 2004, when it was split off to form a separate commune. Its name means "Small Becicherec", as opposed to the "Great Becicherec" (Becicherecu Mare in Romanian), located in Serbia and renamed Zrenjanin in 1946.
Iresiae
Iresiae or Iresiai was a town of ancient Thessaly. In the Second Macedonian War, Livy mentions that it was one of the cities devastated by Philip V of Macedon the year 198 BCE, together with Phacium, Euhydrium, Eretria and Palaepharsalus, since he foresaw that the territory would soon fall into the hands of the Aetolian League and the Romans. Philip allowed the men who were able to follow him, but they were compelled to quit their homes and the towns were burnt. All the property they could carry with them they were allowed to take away, the rest became the booty for the soldiers. The town was occupied by the Roman praetor Marcus Baebius Tamphilus in the war with Antiochus III in 191 BCE.

The site of Iresiae has not been securely located. In the 19th century, William Smith suggested that Livy's Iresiae may be a confusion for Peiresiae; however, modern scholars treat the town as distinct from Peiresiae and suggest the site is to be found in Magnesia not at Peiresiae.

Ancient Magnesia
Anciently, Magnesia (Ancient Greek: Μαγνησία) was a region of Ancient Greece, eventually absorbed by ancient Thessaly. Originally inhabited by the Magnetes (Μάγνητες), Magnesia was the long and narrow slip of country between Mounts Ossa and Pelion on the west and the sea on the east, and extending from the mouth of the Peneius on the north to the Pagasaean Gulf on the south. The Magnetes were members of the Amphictyonic League, and were settled in this district in the Homeric times, and mentioned in the Iliad. The Thessalian Magnetes are said to have founded the Asiatic cities of Magnesia ad Sipylum and Magnesia on the Maeander. The towns of Magnesia were: Aesonis, Aphetae, Boebe, Casthanaea, Cercinium, Coracae, Demetrias, Eurymenae, Glaphyrae, Homole or Homolium, Iolcus, Magnesia, Meliboea, Methone, Mylae, Nelia, Olizon, Pagasae, Rhizus, Spalaethra, and Thaumacia.
Sarajevo International Guitar Festival
The Sarajevo International Guitar Festival (Bosnian: Međunarodni festival gitare Sarajevo / Међународни фестивал гитаре Сарајево) is an international multi-day classical guitar music festival which annually takes place in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It was established in 2011 and is the only festival of its kind in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Since 2017 it is a full-member of EuroStrings. The festival has hosted numerous international names such as Margarita Escarpa, Rovshan Mamedkuliev, Sérgio Assad, Juanjo Domínguez, Le Trio Joubran, Roland Dyens, Dušan Bogdanović, Yorgos Foudoulis, Petar Čulić, Hubert Käppel, Pablo Márquez and others.

Petar Čulić
Petar Čulić (born June 26, 1986 in Split, Croatia) is a classical guitarist.

He finished his master's degree at the Split music Academy in the class of prof. Goran Listeš, and continued to study at the Koblenz Guitar Academy with Hubert Käppel. He won 23 first prizes on national and international competitions and had more than 1000 performances all around the world.

He plays the Concierto de Aranjuez by J. Rodrigo, the most famous guitar concierto.

The French composer Colette Mourey wrote a piece for guitar solo named Sonata Appassionata, Hommage à Petar Culic, so Petar Čulić got his hommage at the early age of 24.
Devon Energy
Devon Energy Corporation is an American company engaged in hydrocarbon exploration. It is organized in Delaware with operational headquarters in the 50-story Devon Energy Center in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. Its operations are in the Delaware Basin, Eagle Ford Group, and the Rocky Mountains (Williston Basin and Powder River Basin).

The company is ranked 267th on the Fortune 500 and 607th on the Forbes Global 2000.

As of December 31, 2024, the company had proved reserves of 2,155 million barrels of oil equivalent (1.318×1010 GJ), of which 42% was petroleum, 29% was natural gas liquids, and 29% was natural gas.

Delaware Basin
The Delaware Basin is a geologic depositional and structural basin in West Texas and southern New Mexico, famous for holding large oil fields and for a fossilized reef exposed at the surface. Guadalupe Mountains National Park and Carlsbad Caverns National Park protect part of the basin. It is part of the larger Permian Basin, itself contained within the Mid-Continent oil province.
Score voting
Score voting, sometimes called range voting, is an electoral system for single-seat elections. Voters give each candidate a numerical score, and the candidate with the highest average score is elected. Score voting includes the well-known approval voting (used to calculate approval ratings), but also lets voters give partial (in-between) approval ratings to candidates.

Party-list proportional representation
Party-list proportional representation (list-PR) is a system of proportional representation based on preregistered political parties, with each party being allocated a certain number of seats  roughly proportional to their share of the vote.

In these systems, parties provide lists of candidates to be elected, or candidates may declare their affiliation with a political party (in some open-list systems). Seats are distributed by election authorities to each party, in proportion to the number of votes the party receives. Voters may cast votes for parties, as in Spain, Turkey, and Israel (closed lists); or for candidates whose vote totals are pooled together to determine the share of representation of their respective parties, as in Finland, Brazil, and the Netherlands (mixed single vote or panachage).
Glassy
Glassy is an adjective meaning, of or resembling glass. Glassy may also mean:

Glassy, amorphous metal

Glassy (single album), a 2021 single album, or the title song by Jo Yuri

Glassy phase, amorphous solid

Glassy water, amorphous ice

Glassy carbon, carbon with a shiny surface

Glassy surface, a smooth surface

Glassy (single album)
Glassy is the debut single album by South Korean singer Jo Yu-ri. It consists of three tracks, including the lead single of the same name. The single album was released by Wake One Entertainment on October 7, 2021.
Pie Allen
John Brackett "Pie" Allen (October 22, 1818 – June 13, 1899) was an American prospector, businessman, and politician.  Unsuccessful in his efforts as a prospector, he earned his nickname baking pies for settlers and soldiers in Arizona Territory.  His business success made him a prominent territorial citizen and he served three terms in the Arizona Territorial Legislature, two terms as Mayor of Tucson, Arizona Territory, and was appointed Arizona Territorial Treasurer for six years.

Arizona Territorial Legislature
The Arizona Territorial Legislature served as the legislative body of the Arizona Territory. It was a bicameral legislature consisting of a lower house, the House of Representatives, and an upper house, the council. Created by the Arizona Organic Act, the legislature initially consisted of nine members in the council and eighteen members in the House, meeting once a year until 1869, when the U.S. Congress changed the meeting sessions to biannually. In 1881, the legislature expanded to twelve Council members and twenty-four Representatives.

The Arizona Territorial Legislature was replaced by the Arizona State Legislature after Arizona achieved statehood.
Nkechi Blessing Sunday
Nkechi Blessing Sunday // ⓘ (born 14 February 1989) is an America-based Nigerian actress, film producer, film director, and screenwriter, born and raised in Surulere, Lagos State. She produced her first movie, Omoge Lekki in 2015, starring herself, alongside Yinka Quadri. In 2016, Omoge Lekki won MAYA Awards and she was nominated for Revelation of the Year at Best of Nollywood Awards.

She also serves as the director and chief executive officer of Nkechi films production, and NBS Foundation.

2016 Best of Nollywood Awards
The 2016 Best of Nollywood Awards was the 8th edition of the ceremony and took place in Aba, Abia State on 10 December 2016. The event was to be hosted by Okey Bakassi and Mercy Aigbe, with the latter not showing up on the award night. Awards were given in 32 categories, with Adesua Etomi, Beverly Naya, Gabriel Afolayan and Alexx Ekubo amongst the winners.

The nominee list was released in November 2016 by head of jury, Niran Adedokun. Hire a Man and Something Wicked led the nomination list with nine nominations. Eni-Owo and A Soldier's Story followed with seven. The lifetime achievement awards for special contribution to the development of Nollywood was given to Sola Sobowale, Fidelis Duker and Chika Okpala, popularly known as "Chief Zebrudaya" from The Village Masquerade.
Kensington and Fairfield (Liverpool ward)
53°24′47″N 2°58′16″W﻿ / ﻿53.413°N 2.971°W﻿ / 53.413; -2.971

Kensington & Fairfield ward is an electoral division of Liverpool City Council in the Liverpool Wavertree Parliamentary constituency. The ward contains the Kensington and Fairfield areas of Liverpool.

Local Government Boundary Commission for England
The Local Government Boundary Commission for England (LGBCE) is a parliamentary body established by statute to conduct boundary, electoral and structural reviews of local government areas in England. The LGBCE is independent of government and political parties, and is directly accountable to the Speaker's Committee of the House of Commons.
Porrona
Porrona is a village in Tuscany, central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comune of Cinigiano, province of Grosseto. At the time of the 2001 census its population amounted to 24.

Porrona is about 40 km from Grosseto and 4 km from Cinigiano, and it is situated along the road which links the Cipressino Provincial Road at Sant'Angelo Scalo to Cinigiano.

Sant'Angelo in Colle
Sant'Angelo in Colle is a village in Tuscany, central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comune of Montalcino, province of Siena. At the time of the 2011 census its population amounted to 204.

This medieval hamlet is located on a small hill approximately 8 km South of Montalcino.
56 Nights
56 Nights is a mixtape by American rapper and singer Future in collaboration with DJ and record producer DJ Esco. It was released on March 21, 2015, through Future's Freebandz label. Although he raps on all tracks, it was not principally credited to him, but rather Esco, and is credited as being hosted by Future. It was exclusively produced by 808 Mafia, whose founding member, Southside, handled the majority of the production and was credited as an executive producer. "March Madness" was released on August 31, 2015, as its only single. It is Future's fifteenth mixtape and Esco's fifth.

Freebandz
Freebandz (or Freebandz Entertainment, business name of Wilburn Holding Co.) is an American record label founded by Atlanta-based rapper Future in 2011. The label's releases are distributed through Epic Records. Freebandz has signed artists including Real Boston Richey, Lil Double O, Doe Boy, Young Scooter and DJ Esco.
Angelina (American singer)
Angelina Camarillo Ramos (born 1976) is an American singer from Union City, California. Angelina is best known for her 1996 hit song "Release Me", which reached No. 52 on the Billboard Hot 100. Her other Hot 100 chart peaks include "I Don't Need Your Love" (#69), "Without Your Love" (#82), and "The Tide Is High" (#89) in addition to her single "Mambo" peaking at #2 on the Billboard Bubbling Under Hot 100.

After her brother Daniel was killed in 2006, Angelina stopped writing songs. She still toured on the dance music circuit for a while after that, eventually leaving the entertainment industry altogether to become a schoolteacher in East San Jose.

Her brother, Daniel Camarillo, has a memorial in his name at the Charles F. Kennedy Park in their hometown of Union City, California.

East San Jose
East Side San Jose (abbreviated as ESSJ), commonly called The East Side  and less commonly as the East Valley, is the eastern region of the city of San Jose, California. The East Side is made up of numerous neighborhoods grouped into two larger districts: Alum Rock and Evergreen. East San Jose is bordered by the Diablo Range to the east and south, the Coyote Creek to the west, and Mabury Road to the North.

East San Jose is one of the city's most diverse regions, home to landmarks such as the historic Chicano/Mexican-American neighborhoods of Mayfair and King & Story, as well as the Gurdwara Sahib of San Jose, the largest Sikh temple in the world outside of India.
Rick Gray (Arizona politician)
Rick Gray (born in Omaha, Nebraska) is an American politician and former member of the Arizona Senate as well as a former Republican member of the Arizona House of Representatives representing District 21. Gray previously served consecutively from January 10, 2011, until January 14, 2013, in the District 9 seat. In 2016, Gray ran for the ⠀⠀Arizona Corporation Commission⠀seat Arizona Corporation Commission but placed fourth in the Republican primary. In 2018, Gray was appointed to fill the Arizona State Senate seat vacated by Debbie Lesko after she resigned to run for Congress. Gray would leave office on January 9, 2023.

2018 Arizona's 8th congressional district special election
A special election for Arizona's 8th congressional district was held in 2018 subsequent to the resignation of Republican U.S. Representative Trent Franks. Governor Doug Ducey called a special primary election for Tuesday, February 27, 2018, and a special general election for the balance of Franks' eighth term for Tuesday, April 24, 2018.

Republican nominee and former Arizona Senate president pro tem Debbie Lesko won a closer-than-expected race against Democratic challenger Hiral Tipirneni.
Clean Air Cab
Clean Air Cab was an Arizona-based carbon-neutral taxi service provider, and the second taxi fleet in the U.S. to use only hybrid vehicles. Based in Mesa, Arizona, it served the Phoenix area with environmentally friendly transportation service by using clean automotive technology.  Clean Air cab ceased operations November 2016.

Mesa, Arizona
Mesa (/ˈmeɪsə/ ⓘ MAY-sə) is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States. The population was 504,258 at the 2020 census. It is the third-most populous city in Arizona, after Phoenix and Tucson, the 37th-most populous city in the U.S., and the most populous city that is not a county seat (except for independent cities Washington, D.C. and Baltimore which are not part of any county). It is the most populous city in the East Valley of the Phoenix metropolitan area. It borders Tempe on the west, the Salt River Pima–Maricopa Indian Community on the north, Chandler and Gilbert on the south along with Queen Creek, and Apache Junction on the east.

At least ten colleges and universities were located in Mesa, as is the Mesa Arizona Temple, one of the first LDS temples constructed outside of Utah. The city is home to the largest relief airport in the Phoenix area, Mesa Gateway Airport, located in the southeastern corner of the city.
Goodradigbeeon
Goodradigbeeon is an extinct genus of buchanosteid arthrodire placoderm. Its fossils have been found in Emsian-aged marine strata from the Taemas-Wee Jasper reef of New South Wales, Australia and the type species is G. australianum.

The holotype was discovered near the Goodradigbee River by Harry A. Toombs and was described by White (1978).

Wee Jasper, New South Wales
Wee Jasper is a locality and former village in the Yass Valley Shire in New South Wales, Australia, about 90 km north-west of Canberra and 60 km south-west of Yass. It is in the Goodradigbee valley at the western foot of the Brindabella Ranges, near Burrinjuck Dam. At the 2021 census, Wee Jasper and the surrounding area had a population of 127.
Manuel da Silva Martins
Manuel da Silva Martins (20 January 1927 – 24 September 2017) was a Catholic bishop.

Ordained to the priesthood in 1951, da Silva Martins served as the bishop of the Diocese of Setubal, Portugal from 1975 to 1998.

Diocese of Setúbal
The Diocese of Setúbal (Latin: Dioecesis Setubalensis) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic church in Portugal. It  has existed since 1975. It is a suffragan of the archdiocese of Lisbon. Its see at Setúbal is south of Lisbon.
Glastonbury Festival 1983
Glastonbury CND Festival 1983 was attended by 30,000 with tickets costing £12. Performances included: Dennis Brown, w/ Aswad as backup band; Alexis Korner; Black Roots; The Flying Pickets and Tom Paxton. Julian Cope and James Brown were announced as playing but both withdrew in advance.

Tom Paxton
Thomas Richard Paxton (born October 31, 1937) is an American folk singer-songwriter whose career spans more than sixty years. In 2009, Paxton received a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. He is a music educator as well as an advocate for folk singers to combine traditional songs with new compositions.

Paxton's songs have been widely recorded, including modern standards such as "The Last Thing on My Mind", "Bottle of Wine", "Whose Garden Was This", "The Marvelous Toy", and "Ramblin' Boy". Paxton's songs have been recorded by Pete Seeger, Bob Dylan, the Weavers, Judy Collins, Sandy Denny, Joan Baez, Doc Watson, Harry Belafonte, Peter, Paul and Mary, the Seekers, Marianne Faithfull, the Kingston Trio, the Chad Mitchell Trio, John Denver, Dolly Parton and Porter Wagoner, Johnny Cash, Willie Nelson, Flatt & Scruggs, the Move, the Fireballs, Francesco Guccini and many others (see covers).