hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ulrich Dirnagl
Ulrich Dirnagl (* 9 August 1960 in München) is a German neurologist and neuroscientist. He is the founding director of the QUEST Centers for Responsible Research, established in 2017 at the Berlin Institute of Health.

Neuroscientist
A neuroscientist (or neurobiologist) is a scientist specializing in neuroscience that deals with the anatomy and function of neurons, neural circuits, and glia, and their behavioral, biological, and psychological roles in health and disease.

Neuroscientists generally work as researchers within a college, university, government agency, or private industry setting. In research-oriented careers, neuroscientists design and conduct scientific experiments on the nervous system and its functions. They can engage in basic or applied research. Basic research seeks to expand current understanding of the nervous system, whereas applied research seeks to address a specific problem, such as developing a treatment for a neurological disorder.

Neuroscientists have numerous career opportunities outside of academic research, including careers in industry, science writing, government program management, science advocacy, and education. A neuroscientist commonly holds a doctorate in a medical science.
Duffus & Co.
John Duffus & Co., then George Duffus & Co. was an Aberdeen iron-works and shipbuilding company. The George Duffus company cast the iron parts for Shakkin' Briggie (1836), and also built Aberdeen's first paddle steamer, The Queen of Scotland (1827), the first steamship on the Aberdeen-London service. Duffus & Co. ceased business in 1846.

Paddle steamer
A paddle steamer is a steamship or steamboat powered by a steam engine driving paddle wheels to propel the craft through the water. Earlier ships that are driven by a paddle wheel under manual power are known as paddle wheelers.

In the early 19th century, paddle wheels were the predominant way of propulsion for steam-powered boats. In the late 19th century, paddle propulsion was largely superseded by the screw propeller and other marine propulsion systems that have a higher efficiency, especially in rough or open water.

Paddle wheels continue to be used by some ships that operate as excursion boats, floating restaurants, and casinos; these include replica vessels, and are often diesel powered.

Small pedal-powered paddle boats are also found, typically as novelty attractions.
ProntoForms
TrueContext (TSXV: TCXT), formerly ProntoForms Corporation, is a Canadian app development business providing a low-code development platform for the construction of software and mobile apps. The application digitizes paperwork to complete forms on mobile devices, collect data, and send it. The company went public in 2005 and trades on the TSX Venture Exchange under the stock ticker symbol, PFM.

In November 2023 the company changed its name to TrueContext Corporation, and changed its stock ticker symbol to TCXT. TrueContext is a competitor of other digital forms providers like GoCanvas, GoFormz, and Formstack.

Formstack
Formstack is a workplace productivity platform that lets organizations create digital workflows with no-code forms, documents, and signatures. Founded in 2006, the company was created by Ade Olonoh and serves over 25,000 organizations worldwide. On June 25, 2025 Formstack the company was officially rebranded as Intellistack. The new company has several product offerings including the Formstack product suite.
Daimler Fleetline
The Daimler Fleetline (known as the Leyland Fleetline from circa 1975) is a rear-engined double-decker bus chassis which was built between 1960 and 1983.

It was the second of three bus models to have a marque name as well as an alphanumeric identity code. The other two were the Freeline and the Roadliner.

Park Royal Vehicles
Park Royal Vehicles was one of Britain's leading coachbuilders and bus manufacturers, based at Park Royal, Abbey Road, in west London. With origins dating back to 1889, the company also had a Leeds-based subsidiary, Charles H. Roe.

Labour problems and slowness of production led to its closure in 1980.
Črmljenšak
Črmljenšak (pronounced [tʃəɾˈmleːnʃak], in older sources Čermlenšak, German: Tschermlenscheg) is a settlement in the Slovene Hills (Slovene: Slovenske gorice) in the Municipality of Lenart in northeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.

There are two small chapels in the settlement. One is a Neo-Gothic building dating to the late 19th century. The second was built in 1919.

Slovene Hills
The Slovene Hills or the Slovenian Hills (Slovene: Slovenske gorice, German: Windische Bühel or Windische Büheln) is the largest hilly region of Slovenia, a smaller part is located in the Austrian province of Styria. It is situated in the northeast of the country and has an area of 1,017 square kilometres (393 sq mi). It comprises the Western Slovene Hills and the Eastern Slovene Hills (also named Prlekija). The region is known for its vineyards and wines. The central town and municipality is Lenart.
Monkey (novel)
Monkey: A Folk-Tale of China, more often known as simply Monkey, is an abridged translation published in 1942 by Arthur Waley of the sixteenth-century Chinese novel Journey to the West conventionally attributed to Wu Cheng'en of the Ming dynasty. Waley's remains one of the most-read English-language versions of the novel.  The British poet Edith Sitwell characterized Monkey as "a masterpiece of right sound", one that was "absence of shadow, like the clearance and directness of Monkey's mind." The translation won the James Tait Black Memorial Prize in 1942.

Sha Wujing
Sha Wujing (Chinese: 沙悟淨) is one of the three disciples of the Buddhist pilgrim Tang Sanzang in the 16th-century novel Journey to the West written by Wu Cheng'en in the Ming dynasty, although versions of his character predate the Ming novel. In the source novel, his background is the least developed of the pilgrims, and he contributes the least to their efforts. In the original Chinese story, he is a man-eating monster. In many Japanese versions, Sha Wujing is depicted as a Kappa.
Henry Wallis Bradshaw
Henry Wallis Bradshaw (September 8, 1869 – 1962) was a Baptist minister, farmer and politician in Mississippi. He served in the Mississippi House of Representatives from 1900 to 1902 and in the Mississippi Senate from 1912 to 1914, 1920 to 1922, and 1928 to 1932.

He was born in Cooperville, Mississippi. He belonged to several fraternal organizations.

A Democrat, he was a candidate to be a national delegate in 1912.

Mississippi House of Representatives
The Mississippi House of Representatives is the lower house of the Mississippi Legislature, the lawmaking body of the U.S. state of Mississippi, the upper house being the Mississippi Senate. According to the state constitution of 1890, it is to comprise no more than 122 members elected for four-year terms. To qualify as a member of the House, candidates must be at least 21 years old, a resident of Mississippi for at least four years, and a resident in the district for at least two years. Elections are held the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November.
Beilenson
Beilenson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anthony Beilenson (1932–2017), American politician

Edna Beilenson (1909–1981), American typographer, fine press printer, typesetter, book designer, cook book author, and publisher

Anthony Beilenson
Anthony Charles Beilenson (October 26, 1932 – March 5, 2017) was an American lawyer and politician who served as a Democratic Congressman from Southern California. He served ten terms in the United States House of Representatives from 1977 until 1997.
Turquoise (color)
Turquoise is a cyan color, based on the mineral of the same name. The word turquoise dates to the 17th century and is derived from the French turquois, meaning 'Turkish', because the mineral was first brought to Europe through Turkey from mines in the historical Khorasan province of Iran (Persia) and Afghanistan today. The first recorded use of turquoise as a color name in English was in 1573.

The X11 color named turquoise is displayed on the right.

Turquoise
Turquoise is an opaque, blue-to-green mineral that is a hydrous phosphate of copper and aluminium, with the chemical formula CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O. It is rare and valuable in finer grades and has been prized as a gemstone for millennia due to its hue.

The robin egg blue or sky blue color of the Persian turquoise mined near the modern city of Nishapur, Iran, has been used as a guiding reference for evaluating turquoise quality.

Like most other opaque gems, turquoise has been devalued by the introduction of treatments, imitations, and synthetics into the market.
Lorraine Gamman
Lorraine Patricia Gamman (born July 1957) is professor of design at the Design Against Crime Research Centre at Central Saint Martins in the University of the Arts, London which she founded in 1999.

Her taking of the oral history of professional shoplifter Shirley Pitts as part of her PhD kindled her interest in oral history as a form and lead to her book Gone shopping: The story of Shirley Pitts, Queen of thieves. In 2012, the production company Tiger Aspect bought an option to acquire the television and film rights to the book.

Central Saint Martins
Central Saint Martins is a constituent college of the University of the Arts London, a public art university in London, England. The college offers full-time courses at foundation, undergraduate and postgraduate levels, and a variety of short and summer courses.

It was formerly known as Central Saint Martins College of Arts and Design, and before that as Central Saint Martins College of Art and Design.
Transport in Adelaide
The metropolitan area of Adelaide, South Australia is served by a wide variety of transport. Being centrally located on the Australian mainland, it forms a hub for east–west and north–south routes. The road network includes major expressways such as the Southern Expressway, the South Eastern Freeway, the Port River Expressway, the Northern Expressway and the South Road Superway. The city also has a public transport system managed by Adelaide Metro, consisting of a contracted bus system including the O-Bahn Busway (a guided busway), six metropolitan railway lines, and the Glenelg-Adelaide-Hindmarsh Tram. According to a study conducted by the Australian Bureau of Statistics, Adelaide has the highest passenger vehicle travel to work (84%) and the second lowest proportion of people walking to work (2.9%)–something that is being combated by the South Australian government in an effort to increase citizen ridership and use of public transport.

Port River Expressway
Port River Expressway is a 5.7-kilometre (3.5 mi) freeway-grade road. The expressway links Port Adelaide and the Lefevre Peninsula across the north-western suburbs of Adelaide to major interstate routes via North-South Motorway.

The expressway is grade-separated at the North-South Motorway, Hanson Road and Eastern Parade interchanges. The next two intersections are at grade with traffic signals installed. This has led to the route being labelled as the A9, instead of the more common M label associated with freeways and expressways in South Australia.
Dumb Enough
"Dumb Enough" is a song by Australian hip hop group Hilltop Hoods. The song was released as the second single from their 2003 album, The Calling. "Dumb Enough" reached #44 on the Triple J Hottest 100, 2003. The hook contains a vocal sample of KRS-One's "Build Ya Skillz".

Triple J's Hottest 100 of 2003
The 2003 Triple J Hottest 100, announced on 25 January 2004, was the eleventh such countdown of the most popular songs of the year, according to listeners of the Australian radio station Triple J. As in previous years, a CD featuring 40 (not necessarily the top 40) songs was released. A DVD, containing film clips of songs from the Hottest 100 was also released. A countdown of the videos of each song was shown on the ABC music series Rage in March.
Starmind (novel)
Starmind is a science fiction novel by American writers Spider Robinson and Jeanne Robinson. It first appeared as a four-part serial in Analog Science Fiction and Fact in 1994, and in book form the following year.

Jeanne Robinson
Jeanne M. Rubbicco Robinson (March 30, 1948 – May 30, 2010) was an American-born Canadian choreographer who co-wrote three science fiction novels, The Stardance Saga, with her husband Spider Robinson. Stardance won the Hugo Award and Nebula award for Best Novella in 1978 and 1977 respectively.
Coprini
Coprini is a tribe of scarab beetles, in the dung beetle subfamily (Scarabaeinae). Scholtz et al. describe them as tunnellers that are shiny black, of moderate to large size (9–30 mm long) and with a strongly convex shape. They also, however state that the grouping based on these characteristics has little phylogenetic validity, and the placement of several genera in this and related tribes is likely to change.

Dung beetle
Dung beetles are beetles that feed on feces. All species of dung beetle belong to the superfamily Scarabaeoidea, most of them to the subfamilies Scarabaeinae and Aphodiinae of the family Scarabaeidae (scarab beetles). As most species of Scarabaeinae feed exclusively on feces, that subfamily is often dubbed true dung beetles. There are dung-feeding beetles which belong to other families, such as the Geotrupidae (the earth-boring dung beetle). The Scarabaeinae alone comprises more than 5,000 species.

As they do not belong to a single group sharing a common ancestor, there is a diversity in the behavior of dung beetles, including the iconic dung-rolling behavior revered by Ancient Egyptians as Khepri rolling the sun across the sky.
Bolton Low Houses
Bolton Low Houses is a small village in Cumbria, England. Historically part of Cumberland, it is located 3.1 miles (5.0 km) by road to the southwest of South End. There is a coal mining area to the east between Oughterside, Allhallows Colliery and Bolton No.2 Pit. In 1831, Samuel Lewis noted that there was a meeting house for dissenters in Bolton Low Houses. It contains a Methodist Chapel and a pub, the Oddfellows Arms.

Samuel Lewis (publisher)
Samuel Lewis (c. 1782 – 28 February 1865) was a British editor and publisher of topographical dictionaries and maps of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. The aim of the texts was to give in "a condensed form" a faithful and impartial description of each place. The firm of Samuel Lewis and Co. was based in London.
Age of Empires III: The Asian Dynasties
Age of Empires III: The Asian Dynasties is the second expansion pack for the real-time strategy video game Age of Empires III developed through a collaboration between Ensemble Studios and Big Huge Games, and published by Microsoft Game Studios. The Mac version was ported over, developed and published by Destineer's MacSoft. The game is the second expansion pack following The WarChiefs. The game introduces three new civilizations; China, Japan, and India. It also introduced minor people, campaigns, maps, and game modes.

Age of Empires III: The Asian Dynasties for PC was released in North America on October 23, 2007. The Mac version was released on August 5, 2008. The game was generally received well by critics, mostly praising graphics, and sometimes criticizing predictable aspects of the game. It earned a 79% score on GameRankings and an 81% on Metacritic.

A mobile game of the same name was released in 2010 for J2ME. It is a sequel to the 2007 mobile game Age of Empires III.

Java Platform, Micro Edition
Java Platform, Micro Edition or Java ME is a computing platform for development and deployment of portable code for embedded and mobile devices (micro-controllers, sensors, gateways, mobile phones, personal digital assistants, TV set-top boxes, printers). Java ME was formerly known as Java 2 Platform, Micro Edition or J2ME.

The platform uses the object-oriented Java programming language, and is part of the Java software-platform family. It was designed by Sun Microsystems (now Oracle Corporation) and replaced a similar technology, PersonalJava.

In 2013, with more than three billion Java ME–enabled mobile phones in the market, the platform was in continued decline as smartphones have overtaken feature phones.
Gamarra (surname)
Gamarra is a surname of Basque origins. Notable people with the surname include:

Agustín Gamarra (1785–1841), 13th President of Peru

Carlos Gamarra (born 1971), Paraguayan footballer

Carlos Gamarra Ugaz, Peruvian politician and attorney

Celso Fabián Ortíz Gamarra (born 1989), Paraguayan footballer

Daniel Gamarra (born 1978), Uruguayan footballer

Fredy José Bareiro Gamarra (born 1982), Paraguayan footballer

José Gamarra (born 1934), Uruguayan artist

Karen Keys-Gamarra, American politician from Virginia

Luis Gamarra (born 1992), Bolivian singer

Óscar Gamarra (born 1987), Paraguayan footballer

Pedro Sánchez Gamarra, Peruvian politician

Pierre Gamarra (1919–2009), French writer

Roberto Gamarra (footballer born 1981), Paraguayan footballer

Rodolfo Gamarra (born 1988), Paraguayan footballer

Roberto Gamarra (coach) (born 1958), Argentine and naturalised Paraguayan footballer and coach

Ronald Gamarra Herrera, Peruvian politician and lawyer

Luis Gamarra
Luis Gamarra Mayser (born 15 December 1992) is a Bolivian pop singer and LGBT rights activist.

In 2023, Gamarra adopted the stage name Gamay for his performances, a decision he reversed a year later by returning to his original name, Luis Gamarra.
Virginia E. Haines
Virginia E. "Ginny" Haines (born June 6, 1946) is an American Republican Party politician from New Jersey who serves on the Ocean County Board of County Commissioners. She had served in the New Jersey General Assembly from 1992 to 1994 and had been appointed to head the New Jersey Lottery from 1994 to 2002.

Board of County Commissioners (New Jersey)
In New Jersey, a Board of County Commissioners (until 2020 named the Board of Chosen Freeholders) is the elected county-wide government board in each of the state's 21 counties. In the five counties that have an elected county executive, the board of county commissioners serves as the county legislature. In the remaining counties, the board of county commissioners exercises both executive and legislative functions, often with an appointed county administrator or manager overseeing the day-to-day operations of county government.

As of 2025, 18 of the 21 county commissions are held exclusively by one party; Atlantic, Gloucester, and Cumberland counties are the only ones with both parties represented. Since 2000, 12 counties have only elected members from a single party; Camden, Essex, Hudson, Mercer, Middlesex, and Union counties have chosen only Democrats, and Cape May, Hunterdon, Morris, Ocean, Sussex, and Warren counties have chosen only Republicans.
183rd Division (People's Republic of China)
The 183rd Division (Chinese: 第183师) was created in February 1949 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on the 39th Brigade, 13th Column of Huabei Military Region. Its history could be traced to 2nd Independent Brigade of Taihang Military District formed in October 1947.

The division was composed of 547th, 548th and 549th Infantry Regiments. As a part of 61st Corps the division took part in the Chinese Civil War, including the Lifen Campaign, Taiyuan Campaign, Fumei Campaign and Chengdu Campaign.

From March 1950, the division was combined with Da County Military Sub-district.

In March 1951, 548th Infantry Regiment was transferred to 182nd Division.

In March 1952, the division was disbanded.

Taiyuan campaign
The Taiyuan campaign was a campaign of the Chinese Civil War fought between the nationalist and communist factions. The campaign was over the control of Taiyuan, the capital of the province of Shanxi, China. The campaign resulted in a communist victory.
Devidas Kadam
Devidas Kadam is an Indian writer. He won the 2007 Sahitya Akademi Award in Konkani language for his novel, Dika. He won the 2019 Smt Vimala V Pai Vishwa Konkani Sahitya Puraskar for his novel, Jaanvay.

Sahitya Akademi Award
The Sahitya Akademi Award  is a literary  honour in India,  which the Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Letters, annually confers on writers of the most outstanding books of literary merit published in any of the 24 languages of the 8th Schedule to the Indian constitution as well as in English and Rajasthani language.

Established in 1954, the award comprises a plaque and a cash prize of ₹ 100,000. The award's purpose is to recognise and promote excellence in Indian writing and acknowledge new trends. The annual process of selecting awardees runs for the preceding 12 months. The plaque awarded by the Sahitya Akademi was designed by the Indian filmmaker Satyajit Ray. Prior to this, the plaque occasionally was made of marble, but this practice was discontinued because of its excessive weight. During the Indo-Pakistan War of 1965, the plaque was substituted with national savings bonds.
Pete Donohue
Peter Joseph Donohue (November 5, 1900 – February 23, 1988) was an American right-handed starting pitcher with a 12-year career from 1921 to 1932. He played for the Cincinnati Reds, New York Giants, both of the National League, and the Cleveland Indians and Boston Red Sox of the American League. His interment was located at Fort Worth's Greenwood Memorial Park along with Tom Baker and Jackie Tavener.

During a start on June 12, 1928, Donohue pitched 6+1⁄3 innings and allowed 11 earned runs on 14 hits. However, thanks in part to his own home run, he was credited with the win. As of 2022, his game score of 1 is the lowest for a winning pitcher since the earned run became an official statistic in 1913.

Donohue was a very good hitting pitcher in his major league career, posting a .246 batting average (180-for-732) with 44 runs, 6 home runs, 87 RBI and drawing 21 bases on balls.

Game score
Game score is a metric devised by Bill James as a rough overall gauge of a starting pitcher's performance in a baseball game. It is designed such that scores tend to range from 0–100, with an average performance being around 50 points.
The King's Church of England Academy
The King's Church of England Academy (formerly Clough Hall Technology School and then The King's Church of England School) is a mixed secondary school and sixth form located in Kidsgrove in the English county of Staffordshire.

Previously a community school administered by Staffordshire County Council, in January 2015 Clough Hall Technology School became a Church of England voluntary aided school and was renamed The King's Church of England School. It was then jointly administered by the Diocese of Lichfield and Staffordshire County Council. A new school building was also constructed. In April 2021 the school converted to academy status and was renamed The King's Church of England Academy. The school is now a founding member of 	Three Spires Trust.

The King's Church of England Academy offers GCSEs, BTECs, OCR Nationals and NVQs as programmes of study for pupils, while students in the sixth form have the option to study from a range of A-levels, further BTECs and NVQs.

Voluntary aided school
A voluntary aided school (VA school) is a state-funded school in England and Wales in which a foundation or trust (usually a religious organisation) contributes to building costs and has a substantial influence in the running of the school. In most cases the foundation or trust owns the buildings. 
Such schools have more autonomy than voluntary controlled schools, which are entirely funded by the state. In some circumstances local authorities can help the governing body in buying a site, or can provide a site or building free of charge.

Originally the term is derived from the funding of the schools through voluntary subscriptions and contributions. Although it is also the case that these are schools previously independent of local or national government that volunteered to be aided by the state.

Hong Kong's education system also has aided (Chinese: 資助) schools.