hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
National League for Opposing Woman Suffrage
The National League for Opposing Woman Suffrage was founded in London in December 1910 to oppose the extension of the voting franchise to women in the United Kingdom.

It was formed as an amalgamation of the Women's National Anti-Suffrage League and the Men's League for Opposing Woman Suffrage. Its first president was Lord Cromer, and its executive committee consisted of seven men and seven women. In March 1912 Cromer was replaced by Lord Curzon and Lord Weardale as joint presidents. It continued the publication of the Anti-Suffrage Review produced originally by the Women's National Anti-Suffrage League. In 1912 the first Welsh branch opened in Bangor, following an upsurge in militant action in the country.

The organisation and the Anti-Suffrage Review both ceased to exist following the passage of the Representation of the People Act 1918 which enfranchised some women over the age of 30.

Bangor, Gwynedd
Bangor (/ˈbæŋɡɔːr/, /-ɡər/; Welsh: [ˈbaŋɡɔr] ⓘ) is a cathedral city and community in Gwynedd, Wales. Historically part of Caernarfonshire, the community had a population of 15,060 at the 2021 census, and the built up area had a population of 16,990. Landmarks include Bangor Cathedral, Bangor University and Garth Pier. The Britannia and Menai Suspension bridges connect the city to the Isle of Anglesey.
Nipponoparmelia laevior
Nipponoparmelia laevior is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Originally described from Japan in 1890 as Parmelia laevior, this lichen was transferred to the newly established genus Nipponoparmelia in 2010 following molecular studies that revealed it belonged to a distinct East Asian evolutionary lineage, and it now serves as the type species for this genus. The species has been recorded from Japan, Taiwan, China, and across the southern Russian Far East, where it grows as an epiphyte on the bark of conifer and broad-leaved trees in mixed forests. It forms pale greenish to brownish-grey leaf-like growths 6–15 cm across and is distinguished by its shiny, flat upper surface with tiny point-like pores arranged along the lobe edges, and by its frequent production of urn-shaped fruiting bodies that open at maturity to reveal a radially split disc.

Pseudocyphella
Pseudocyphellae (singular pseudocyphella) are structures in lichens that appear as tiny pores on the outer surface (the cortex) of the lichen.  They are caused when there is a break in the cortex of the lichen, and the medullary hyphae extend to the surface.  Pseudocyphellae are the same colour as the medulla of the lichen, which is generally white, but can be yellow in some species of Pseudocyphellaria and in Bryoria fremontii.  The presence/absence, abundance, colour, and shape of pseudocyphellae can all be diagnostic features used to identify different species. They facilitate gas exchange through the surface of the lichen, and may provide an adaptive advantage in temperate environments.
Turuntayevo, Republic of Buryatia
Turuntayevo (Russian: Турунта́ево, Buryat: Турантай, Turantai) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Pribaykalsky District of the Republic of Buryatia, Russia. Population:  5,901 (2010 Census); 6,376 (2002 Census); 6,386 (1989 Soviet census).

Buryatia
Buryatia, officially the Republic of Buryatia, is a republic of Russia located in the Russian Far East. Formerly part of the Siberian Federal District, it has been administered as part of the Far Eastern Federal District since 2018. To its north lie Irkutsk Oblast and Lake Baikal, the deepest lake in the world; Zabaykalsky Krai to the east; Tuva to the west and Mongolia to the south. Its capital is the city of Ulan-Ude. It has an area of 351,300 square kilometers (135,600 sq mi) with a population of 978,588 (2021 Census). It is home to the indigenous Buryats.
Sacro vergente anno
Sacro vergente anno, (also called Carissimis Russiae populis), is a 7 July 1952 Apostolic Letter of Pope Pius XII to all people of Russia, issued on the feast of saints Cyril and Methodius,  "Apostles to the Slavs". In it the Pope consecrates all the people of Russia to the Immaculate Heart of Mary.

Ecclesiastical letter
Ecclesiastical letters are publications or announcements of the organs of Roman Catholic ecclesiastical authority, e.g. the synods, but more particularly of pope and bishops, addressed to the faithful in the form of letters.
Curcuma roscoeana
Curcuma roscoeana (also known as jewel of Burma, orange ginger, orange hidden ginger, pride of Burma or Burmese hidden lily) is a plant of the Zingiberaceae or ginger family.

It is native to Burma, India, Southeast Asia and Malaysia; its wild habitat is threatened.

Average height 2–3 feet. Flowers cone-shaped, bright orange or yellow, 4-5 inches. Blooms summer, fall. Bracts peach-orange to dark read-orange. Leaves broadly ovate to elliptic, light green, with darker veins, up to 12 inches long.

It is widely cultivated as an ornamental plant for its beautiful flowers. It is one of the most popular curcumas.

Synonyms include: Curcuma kurzii King ex Baker; Curcuma coccinea Wall. ex Baker, nom. nud.; Hitchenia roscoeana Wall.; Hitcheniopsis roscoeana Wall.

Nomen nudum
In taxonomy, a nomen nudum ('naked name'; plural nomina nuda) is a designation which looks exactly like a scientific name of an organism, and may have originally been intended to be one, but it has not been published with an adequate description. This makes it a "bare" or "naked" name, which cannot be accepted as it stands. A largely equivalent but much less frequently used term is nomen tantum ("name only"). Sometimes, "nomina nuda" is erroneously considered a synonym for the term "unavailable names". However, not all unavailable names are nomina nuda which applies to published names, i.e. any published name that does not fulfill the requirements of Article 12 (if published before 1931) or Article 13 (if published after 1930). Similarly, a species might be published with a partial or incomplete description that is not enough to follow the rules of publication. This will be described as nomen subnudum (abbreviated nom. subnud.) or occasionally as seminudum.
2025 Mexican local elections
The 2025 Mexican local elections were held on 1 June 2025, during which voters elected officials for 251 municipalities in Durango and Veracruz. In addition, local judicial elections were conducted in 17 states as part of local judicial reforms that stemmed from the 2024 Mexican judicial reform. These local elections were held concurrently with the federal judicial elections.

Labor Party (Mexico)
The Labor Party (Spanish: Partido del Trabajo [paɾˈtiðo ðel tɾaˈβaxo], PT; also known as the Workers Party) is a socialist political party in Mexico. It was founded on 8 December 1990. The party is currently led by Alberto Anaya.

Following the 2018 election, the PT became the third-largest political party in the Chamber of Deputies with 61 deputies, after Morena with 191 and the PAN with 81. Political maneuvering briefly established the PRI as the third-largest party in August 2020, although it later turned out that the PT and the PRI were tied with 46 seats each after doubtful PRD deputy defections in favor of the PRI.

It received 6.46% of the total votes cast in the 2024 presidential election, becoming the sixth national political force. It has 49 deputies and 6 senators in the LXVI legislature of the Congress of the Union.
Agrilus anxius
Agrilus anxius, the bronze birch borer, is a wood-boring buprestid beetle native to North America, more numerous in the warmer parts of the continent and rare in the north. It is a serious pest on birch trees (Betula), frequently killing them. The river birch Betula nigra is the most resistant species, while other American birches are less so. European and Asian birches have no resistance to it at all and are effectively impossible to grow in the eastern United States as a result.

It is closely related to the emerald ash borer.

Xylophagy
Xylophagy is a term used in ecology to describe the habits of an herbivorous animal whose diet consists primarily (often solely) of wood. The word derives from Greek ξυλοφάγος (xulophagos) "eating wood", from ξύλον (xulon) "wood" and φαγεῖν (phagein) "to eat". Animals feeding only on dead wood are called sapro-xylophagous or saproxylic.
Học phi Nguyễn Thị Hương
Nguyễn Thị Hương (阮氏香), also known as Học phi (學妃; lit. Concubine of Learnedness), was a wife of Emperor Tự Đức of the Nguyễn dynasty of Vietnam and adoptive mother of Emperor Kiến Phúc. Following Kiến Phúc's accession to the throne, Hương was elevated to the position of one of the Tam Cung (三宮), three most powerful palace women who played a significant role in the enthronement and dethronement of Nguyễn Emperors Kiến Phúc, and Hàm Nghi.

After Emperor Kiến Phúc's unexpected death in 1884, there were spreading rumors of her involvement in the incident. According to A. Delvaux, Hương had an affair with Nguyễn Văn Tường - a regent that Tự Đức had appointed to guide his successors. She and Tường were caught together by Emperor Kiến Phúc, who vowed to kill them. On that same night, Học Phi slipped poison into Kiến Phúc's medicine, resulting in the emperor's death. These rumors however, have never been validated by any official document.

Tự Đức
Tự Đức (Hanoi: [tɯ̂ ɗɯ́k], chữ Hán: 嗣德, lit. 'inheritance of virtues', 22 September 1829 – 19 July 1883) (personal name: Nguyễn Phúc Hồng Nhậm, also Nguyễn Phúc Thì) was the fourth emperor of the Nguyễn dynasty of Vietnam, and the country's last pre-colonial monarch. Ruling for about 36 years from 1847 to 1883, this made him the longest reigning Nguyễn emperor.
Durham Regional Council
Durham Regional Council is the political body for the Regional Municipality of Durham in Ontario, Canada. Created in 1974, it consists of 29 elected representatives, including the Regional Chair. Durham Region is governed by Durham Regional Council, which consists of the mayors of the local municipalities and regional councillors directly elected in each municipality. These members are elected via double direct election. Each municipality elects the following number of regional councillors:

Pickering - 3

Ajax - 3

Whitby - 4

Oshawa - 5

Clarington - 2

Uxbridge - 1

Scugog - 1

Brock - 1

Clarington
Clarington (2021 population 101,427) is a lower-tier municipality in the Regional Municipality of Durham in Ontario, Canada. It was incorporated in 1973 as the town of "Newcastle" with the merging of the town of Bowmanville, the Village of Newcastle, and the townships of Clarke and Darlington, and was established on January 1, 1974. In 1993, the town was renamed "Clarington", a blending of the names of the two former townships. Darlington today is largely suburban, while Clarke remains largely rural. Bowmanville is the largest community in the municipality and is the home of the municipal offices.

Clarington is part of the Oshawa census metropolitan area in the eastern end of the Greater Toronto Area (GTA). Major employers in Clarington include the Darlington Nuclear Generating Station, General Motors Canada, and several medium to large-sized manufacturing businesses. Most residents commute for work in Durham Region or Toronto.
The Double Man (1967 film)
The Double Man is a 1967 British spy film directed by Franklin Schaffner, starring Yul Brynner. Britt Ekland,  Clive Revill, Anton Diffring, Moira Lister, and Lloyd Nolan appear in support.

The plot is very loosely based on the critically acclaimed 1958 novel Legacy of a Spy by Henry S. Maxfield. As in the novel, much of the action takes place in the Austrian Alps. Brynner is a CIA agent investigating his son's fatal "accident": although he learns a few things from others, he slowly is convinced something else is happening and discovers a fiendish Russian plan.

Central Eastern Alps
The Central Eastern Alps (German: Zentralalpen or Zentrale Ostalpen), also referred to as Austrian Central Alps (German: Österreichische Zentralalpen) or just Central Alps, comprise the main chain of the Eastern Alps in Austria and the adjacent regions of Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Italy and Slovenia. South of them is the Southern Limestone Alps.

The term "Central Alps" is very common in the Geography of Austria as one of the seven major landscape regions of the country. "Central Eastern Alps" is usually used in connection with the Alpine Club classification of the Eastern Alps (Alpenvereinseinteilung, AVE). The Central Alps form the eastern part of the Alpine divide, its central chain of mountains, as well as those ranges that extend or accompany it to the north and south.

The highest mountain in the Austrian Central Alps is Grossglockner at 3,798 metres (12,461 ft).
Siege of Navarino (1572)
The siege of Navarino was a military engagement between the Holy League fleet led by John of Austria who besieged the Ottoman garrison in Navarino.  The siege ended in failure and the withdrawal of the Christian armada.

John of Austria
John of Austria (German: Johann von Österreich, Spanish: Juan de Austria, often called "Don Juan" or "Don Juan of Austria" in English; 24 February 1547 – 1 October 1578) was the illegitimate son of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. Charles V recognized him in a codicil to his will. John became a military leader in the service of his half-brother, King Philip II of Spain, Charles V's heir, and was addressed as a Don. He is best known for his role as the admiral of the Holy League fleet at the Battle of Lepanto and as Governor of the Spanish Netherlands.
Ayisha (film)
Ayisha is a 2023 Indian bilingual biographical film based on the life of Nilambur Ayisha, directed by Aamir Pallikkal and produced by Zakariya Mohammed under Cross Border Cinema. The movie features Manju Warrier and  Mona Tawil in lead roles, while Krishna Sankar and Radhika plays important supporting roles. It was released on 20 January 2023. The film features dialogues predominantly in Malayalam and broken Arabic and English. Upon release, the film was a disappointment at the box office.

Krishna Sankar
S. V. Krishna Sankar is an Indian actor who predominantly acts in Malayalam films. His notable films include Neram (2013), Premam (2015), Marubhoomiyile Aana (2016) and Njandukalude Nattil Oridavela (2017).
Die Hard: Nakatomi Plaza
Die Hard: Nakatomi Plaza is a first-person shooter video game developed by Piranha Games and was co-published by Fox Interactive and Vivendi Universal Games through its subsidiary Sierra Entertainment exclusively for Microsoft Windows. The game originally used a modified Build engine, later the GoldSrc engine, before it was finally moved to the Lithtech engine. The game features the voice of Reginald VelJohnson, reprising his role as Al Powell.

GoldSrc
GoldSrc (pronounced "Gold Source"), sometimes called the Half-Life engine, is a proprietary game engine developed by Valve. At its core, GoldSrc is a heavily modified version of id Software's Quake engine. It made its debut in 1998 with Half-Life and powered future games developed by or with oversight from Valve, including Half-Life's expansions, Day of Defeat and games in the Counter-Strike series.

GoldSrc was succeeded by the Source engine with the releases of Half-Life: Source, Half-Life 2, and Counter-Strike: Source in 2004.
Yisroel Hager (the second)
Yisroel Hager, also known as Yisroel Hager the Younger, (Hebrew: ישראל הגר; born April 19, 1945), is one of the two Grand Rabbis of Vizhnitz in Bnei Brak and a member of Moetzes Gedolei HaTorah (Council of great Torah Sages) of Agudat Israel.

Agudat Yisrael
Agudat Yisrael (Hebrew: אֲגוּדָּת יִשְׂרָאֵל, romanized: Agudath Israel, lit. 'Union of Israel'; Ashkenazi Hebrew: Agudas Yisroel) is a Haredi Jewish political party in Israel. It began as a political party representing Haredi Jews in Poland, originating in the Agudath Israel movement in Upper Silesia. It later became the party of many Haredim in Israel. It was the umbrella party for many, though not all, Haredi Jews in Israel until the 1980s, as it had been during the British Mandate of Palestine.

Since the 1980s it has become a predominantly Hasidic party, though it often combines with the Degel HaTorah non-Hasidic Ashkenazi Haredi party for elections and coalition-forming (although not with the Sephardi and Mizrahi Haredi party Shas). When so combined, they are known together as United Torah Judaism.
Jørgen Garde
Hans Jørgen Garde (22 January 1939 in Frederiksberg – 3 August 1996 on Vágar, Faroe Islands) was a Danish admiral.

Garde was the Danish Chief of Defence from 1 April 1996 until his death. Garde died when the Gulfstream III he was travelling in with his wife, Anna Garde, crashed during final approach to Vágar Airport in bad weather and poor visibility. He was the first foreigner to be awarded the gold medal of the United States Naval Institute.

United States Naval Institute
The United States Naval Institute (USNI) is a private non-profit military association that offers independent, nonpartisan forums for debate of national security issues. In addition to publishing magazines and books, the Naval Institute holds several annual conferences. The Naval Institute is based in Annapolis, Maryland.

Established in 1873, the Naval Institute claimed "almost 50,000 members" in 2020, mostly active and retired personnel of the United States Navy, Marine Corps and Coast Guard. The organization also has members in over 90 countries.

The organization has no official or funding ties to the United States Naval Academy or the United States Navy, though it is based on the grounds of the Naval Academy through permission granted by a 1936 Act of Congress.
Kazimierz Kaczor
Kazimierz Julian Kaczor (born February 9, 1941) is a Polish actor and television presenter. He has made over 40 appearances in film and television. He starred in the 1986-1987 television series Zmiennicy but is well known for hosting from 1996-2003 the first version of Jeopardy! Poland .

Jeopardy! (franchise)
Jeopardy! is an American media franchise that began with a television quiz show created by Merv Griffin, in which contestants are presented with clues in the form of answers, and must phrase their responses in the form of a question. Over the years, the show has expanded its brand beyond television and been licensed into products of various formats.
E. Wight Bakke
Edward Wight Bakke (November 13, 1903 – November 23, 1971) was an American sociology and economics professor at Yale University who achieved prominence in the field of industrial relations.  He was a Sterling Professor, Yale's highest level of academic rank, and served as director of the Yale Labor and Management Center from its founding in 1945 until its dissolution in the late 1950s.   The author, co-author, or co-editor of thirteen books, Bakke made major contributions to the study of unemployment and organizational theory.

Sterling Professor
Sterling Professor, the highest academic rank at Yale University, is awarded to a tenured faculty member considered the best in their field. It is akin to the rank of distinguished professor at other universities.

The appointment can be granted to any Yale faculty member and is made by the President of Yale University and confirmed by the Yale Corporation. Up to forty professors can hold the title at the same time. The position was established through a 1918 bequest from John William Sterling, and the first Sterling Professor was appointed in 1920.
Baron Ranelagh
Baron Ranelagh, of Ranelagh in the County of Wicklow, was a title in the Peerage of Ireland. It was created on 18 April 1715 for Sir Arthur Cole, 2nd Baronet, who had earlier represented Enniskillen and Roscommon in the Irish House of Commons. The Baronetcy, of Newland in the County of Dublin, was created in the Baronetage of Ireland in 1660 for his father Sir John Cole, 1st Baronet, a member of the Irish Parliament for County Fermanagh. He married Elizabeth Chichester, daughter of Lieutenant-Colonel John Chichester and the Honourable Mary Jones, daughter of Roger Jones, 1st Viscount Ranelagh, and aunt of Richard Jones, 1st Earl of Ranelagh (on whose death in 1712 the viscountcy became dormant while the earldom became extinct). Lord Ranelagh was childless and the titles became extinct on his death in 1754.

Michael Cole, brother of the first Baronet, was the ancestor of the Earls of Enniskillen.

Irish House of Commons
The Irish House of Commons (Irish: Teach na gComóntach, Teach na dTeachtaí) was the lower house of the Parliament of Ireland that existed from 1297 until the end of 1800. The upper house was the House of Lords. The membership of the House of Commons was directly elected, but on a highly restrictive franchise, similar to the unreformed House of Commons in contemporary Great Britain. Catholics were disqualified from sitting in the Irish parliament from 1691, even though they comprised the vast majority of the Irish population.

The Irish executive, known as the Dublin Castle administration, under the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, was not answerable to the House of Commons but to the British government. However, the Chief Secretary for Ireland was usually a member of the Irish parliament. In the Commons, business was presided over by the Speaker.

From 1 January 1801, it ceased to exist and was succeeded by the House of Commons of the United Kingdom.
Sarah Posner
Sarah Posner is an American journalist and author. She is the author of two books about the American Christian right and has written for The American Prospect, The Guardian, The Nation, Salon, AlterNet, The Atlantic, The Washington Spectator, VICE, The Daily Beast, The New Republic, HuffPost, Mother Jones, Rolling Stone, MSNBC, and The Washington Post, among other publications. She was formerly a contributing writer for Religion Dispatches, writing on the intersection of religion and politics.

Her second book, Unholy, was favorably reviewed by the National Catholic Reporter and by writers at Wesleyan University and Washington University in St. Louis. Terry Gross interviewed Posner about her book on Fresh Air.

The American Prospect
The American Prospect is a daily online and bimonthly print American political and public policy magazine dedicated to American modern liberalism and progressivism. Based in Washington, D.C., The American Prospect says it "is devoted to promoting informed discussion on public policy from a progressive perspective." Its motto is "Ideas, Politics, and Power".
Bhangali
Bhangali is a village in Phillaur in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) from sub district headquarter and 32 kilometres (20 mi) from district headquarter. The village is administrated by Sarpanch an elected representative of the village.

Jalandhar district
Jalandhar district is a district in Doaba region of the state of Punjab, India. The district headquarters is the city of Jalandhar.

Before the Partition of India, Jalandhar was also the headquarters of the Jalandhar Division, with constituent districts Jalandhar, Hoshiarpur, Ludhiana, Ferozepur and Kangra. The entire Jalandhar Division was awarded to India when Punjab was partitioned.
Sucrose α-glucosidase
Sucrose α-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.48, sucrose α-glucohydrolase, sucrase, sucrase-isomaltase, sucrose.α.-glucohydrolase, intestinal sucrase, sucrase(invertase)) is an enzyme with systematic name sucrose-α-D-glucohydrolase. It catalyses the hydrolysis of sucrose and maltose by an α-D-glucosidase-type action.

This enzyme is isolated from intestinal mucosa as a single polypeptide chain. The human sucrase-isomaltase is a dual-function enzyme with two GH31 domains, one serving as the isomaltase, the other serving as a sucrose α-glucosidase.

Maltose
Maltose (/ˈmɔːltoʊs/ or /ˈmɔːltoʊz/), also known as maltobiose or malt sugar, is a disaccharide formed from two units of glucose joined with an α(1→4) bond. In the isomer isomaltose, the two glucose molecules are joined with an α(1→6) bond. Maltose is the two-unit member of the amylose homologous series, the key structural motif of starch. When beta-amylase breaks down starch, it removes two glucose units at a time, producing maltose. An example of this reaction is found in germinating seeds, which is why it was named after malt. Unlike sucrose, it is a reducing sugar.