hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ibn as-Saffar
Abu al‐Qasim Ahmad ibn Abd Allah ibn Umar al‐Ghafiqī ibn as-Saffar al‐Andalusi (born in Cordoba, died in the year 1035 at Denia), also known as Ibn as-Saffar (Arabic: ابن الصَّفَّار, literally: son of the brass worker), was a Spanish-Arab astronomer in Al-Andalus. He worked at the school founded by his colleague Al-Majriti in Córdoba. His best-known work was a treatise on the astrolabe, a text that was in active use until the 15th century and influenced the work of Kepler. He also wrote a commentary on the Zij as-Sindhind, and measured the coordinates of Mecca.

Ibn as-Saffar later influenced the works of Abu as-Salt.

Paul Kunitzsch argued that a Latin treatise on the astrolabe long attributed to Mashallah, and used by Chaucer to write A Treatise on the Astrolabe, is in fact written by Ibn as-Saffar.

The exoplanet Saffar, also known as Upsilon Andromedae b, is named in his honor.

Saffar Island in Antarctica is named after Ibn as-Saffar.

Dénia
Dénia, also known as Denia, is a historical coastal city and municipality in the province of Alicante, Spain, on the Costa Blanca halfway between Alicante and Valencia, and the capital and judicial seat of the comarca of Marina Alta. Denia's historical heritage has been influenced by Iberian, Greek, Roman, Islamic, Napoleonic and Christian civilizations. As of 2024, it had a population of 49,700, although this is more than doubled by tourism during the summer months.
Emigrate (album)
Emigrate is the debut studio album by the industrial rock band Emigrate. It was released on August 31, 2007 in Europe and on January 29, 2008 in the United States and in Australia via Motor Music. Recording sessions took place at Puk Recording Studios in Denmark. Production was handled by Richard Kruspe with Jacob Hellner, Arnaud Giroux and Olsen Involtini.

Puk Recording Studios
Puk Recording Studios, also known as Puk Studio or simply Puk, was a Danish recording studio located in Gjerlev, near Randers.

Since its establishment in the early 1980s, it was used by numerous international artists, including Judas Priest, George Michael, Depeche Mode, and Elton John, as well as many Danish acts such as TV-2, September, Kashmir, and Nephew. In addition to recording facilities, the studio also featured an on-site hotel with wellness amenities and a swimming pool.
Voyage to the Iron Reef
Voyage to the Iron Reef was a 4D interactive dark ride located at Knott's Berry Farm theme park in Buena Park, California. Designed by Triotech, the underwater-themed attraction opened to the public on May 15, 2015. It was the second release in the Amusement Dark collection, a branded initiative to construct a variety of video-game-based dark rides at Cedar Fair amusement parks. Wonder Mountain's Guardian was the first in the collection that opened at Canada's Wonderland in 2014.

4D film
4D film is a presentation system combining motion pictures with synchronized physical effects that occur in the theater. Effects simulated in 4D films include motion, vibration, scent, rain, mist, bubbles, fog, smoke, wind, temperature changes, and strobe lights. Seats in 4D venues vibrate and move.

As of 2022, 4D films have been exhibited in more than 65 countries. 4D motion pictures are also exhibited in theme parks.
Morongo desert snail
The Morongo desert snail (Eremarionta morongoana) is a species of land snail in the family Helminthoglyptidae.

It is endemic to California in the Western United States.

It is known only from the Morongo Basin area of the Colorado Desert−Mojave Desert ecotone, in Riverside County and San Bernardino County.

Helminthoglyptinae
The Helminthoglyptinae are a subfamily of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks within the family Xanthonychidae.

This is a large and diverse group of new world snails, ranging in distribution from Alaska through North America to the West Indies, Central America, and as far south as Argentina.

The shells are typically of medium to large size, with no apertural teeth but usually with a reflected apertural lip.
Basque pelota at the 2019 Pan American Games – Men's doubles fronton leather ball
The men's doubles fronton leather ball basque pelota event at the 2019 Pan American Games was held from 4–10 August at the Basque pelota courts in the Villa María del Triunfo Sports Center in Lima, Peru. The Argentine team won the gold medal, after defeating the Cuban team in the final.

2019 Pan American Games
The 2019 Pan American Games (Spanish: Juegos Panamericanos de 2019), officially the XVIII Pan American Games (Spanish: XVIII Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Lima 2019, were a multi-sport event governed by the Panam Sports Organization held in Lima, Peru from July 26 to August 11, 2019, with preliminary rounds in certain events having begun on July 24, 2019. These were the first Pan American Games to be held in Peru, and the seventh to be held in South America.

The opening ceremony took place on July 26 at the National Stadium of Peru, and the Games were declared open by former Peruvian President Martín Vizcarra. These Pan American Games were held at venues in and around Lima, and are the largest sporting event ever hosted by the country.
Curteis Ditch
Curteis Ditch is a minor, 1.4-kilometre (0.87 mi) long river—brook—and drainage ditch of the Pevensey Levels in Hailsham, Wealden District of East Sussex, England. It rises from Church Farm Ditch and flows a southerly course into Kentland Sewer. Curteis Ditch also gives rise to and receives the waters of several unnamed streams.

Pevensey Levels
Pevensey Levels is a 3,603.2-hectare (8,904-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest between Bexhill-on-Sea and Hailsham in East Sussex. It is a Nature Conservation Review site, Grade I, a Ramsar site and a Special Area of Conservation. An area of 183.5 hectares (453 acres) is a national nature reserve and an area of 150 hectares (370 acres) is a nature reserve called Pevensey Marshes which is managed by the Sussex Wildlife Trust.

This is a large area of wetland grazing meadows intersected by a network of ditches. It has many nationally rare invertebrates. It may be the best site in Britain for freshwater mollusc fauna, including the endangered shining ram's-horn snail. It also has one nationally rare and several nationally scarce aquatic plants and it is of national importance for lapwing, with more than 1% of the British population.
Georges Mouyémé
Georges L. Mouyémé-Elong (born 15 April 1971) is a Cameroonian former professional footballer who played as forward. At club level, he played for Saint-Lô, Troyes, Angers, and Paris FC in France, for FC Homburg and Eintracht Trier in Germany, for Shenyang Ginde in China, and for AO Chania in Greece.

For the Cameroon national team he participated at the 1994 FIFA World Cup.

ES Troyes AC
Espérance Sportive Troyes Aube Champagne (ESTAC), commonly known as Troyes, is a French professional association football club based in Troyes that competes in Ligue 2. It plays its home matches at the Stade de l'Aube. Founded in 1986, it is the third professional club from the city, after AS Troyes-Savinienne and Troyes AF. The club is part of the City Football Group.
2002 Bahamian general election
General elections were held in the Bahamas on 2 May 2002. The opposition Progressive Liberal Party (PLP) won 29 of the 40 seats in the House of Assembly to defeat the governing Free National Movement (FNM). Voter turnout was 90%.

Progressive Liberal Party (Bahamas)
The Progressive Liberal Party (abbreviated PLP) is a populist and social liberal party in the Bahamas. Founded in 1953, it was the first national political party in the Bahamas. After winning the 1967 general election, the party governed from 1967 to 1992, as well as from 2002 to 2007 and 2012 to 2017.

In September 2021, the PLP defeated the ruling FNM in a snap election and Philip Davis was sworn in as the new Prime Minister of Bahamas. Davis is the current leader of the party, as both the chairman of the party and Prime Minister and leader of the party in Parliament.
Finedon Cally Banks
Finedon Cally Banks is a 2.5-hectare (6.2-acre) nature reserve north-east of Wellingborough in Northamptonshire. It is managed by the Wildlife Trust for Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire and Northamptonshire.

The site was formerly used to burn ironstone to remove impurities, leaving a layer of calcine, which produces poor soil in which wildflowers flourish. The reserve also includes a stretch of railway embankment for transporting the iron ore. Flora include common spotted orchids, great reedmace, kidney vetch and meadowsweet.

There is access by a footpath from Harrowden Lane and along the railway embankment from Finedon.

Wellingborough
Wellingborough (/ˈwɛlɪŋbrə/ WEL-ing-brə) is a market town in the North Northamptonshire, Unitary Authority area, England, 65 miles (105 km) from London and 11 miles (18 km) from Northampton, north of the River Nene.

Originally named "Wendelingburgh" (the stronghold of Wændel's people), the Anglo-Saxon settlement is mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086 as "Wendelburie". The town's market was granted a royal charter in 1201 by King John. At the 2021 census, it had a population of 56,564. The built-up area also includes suburbs Wilby, Great Doddington, Little Irchester, Redhill Grange, Stanton Cross, Waendel View and Glenvale Park.
Adrian Ford
Adrian Grainger Ford (January 1, 1904 – July 7, 1977) was a professional football player from Youngstown, Ohio. After going attending high school in Niles, Ohio; Ford attended and played college football for Lafayette College. He made his professional debut in the first American Football League, formed by Red Grange, in 1926 with the Philadelphia Quakers. He won the 1926 AFL Championship with the Quakers. After the AFL folded, the following year, Ford  moved to the National Football League. During his only year of playing in the league, Ford split the 1927 season between the Frankford Yellow Jackets and the Pottsville Maroons. He scored two touchdowns for Frankford during the season.

American Football League (1926)
The first American Football League (AFL), sometimes called AFL I, AFLG, or the Grange League, was a professional American football league that operated in 1926.  It was the first major competitor to the National Football League (NFL). Founded by Charles "C.C." Pyle, with General Charles X. Zimmerman as vice president and starring Hall of Fame halfback Harold Edward "Red" Grange, the short-lived nine-team league struggled to attract fans and players from the more established – then six-year-old – NFL. While Pyle's and Grange's New York Yankees team and the already established Philadelphia Quakers became reliable draws, the lack of star power and the uncertain financial conditions of the other seven teams led to the league's dissolution after one season.
Masayuki Ishikawa
Masayuki Ishikawa (Japanese: 石川 雅之, Hepburn: Ishikawa Masayuki; born 23 October 1974 in Sakai, Osaka Prefecture) is a Japanese manga artist. He is best known for Moyasimon: Tales of Agriculture and Maria the Virgin Witch; both of which were adapted into anime television series.

Sakai
Sakai (堺市, Sakai-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [saꜜ.kai, sa.kaꜜi.ɕi]) is a city located in Osaka Prefecture, Japan. It has been one of the largest and most important seaports of Japan since the medieval era. Sakai is known for its kofun, keyhole-shaped burial mounds dating from the fifth century. The kofun in Sakai include the largest grave in the world by area, Daisen Kofun. Once known for swords, Sakai is now famous for the quality of its cutlery. As of 1 January 2022, the city had an estimated population of 819,965, making it the fourteenth most populous city in Japan (excluding Tokyo).
Batticaloa
Batticaloa (Tamil: மட்டக்களப்பு, Maṭṭakkaḷappu, IPA: [mɐʈːɐkːɐɭɐpːɯ]; Sinhala: මඩකලපුව, Maḍakalapuwa, IPA: [məɖəkələpuʋə]) is a major city in the Eastern Province, Sri Lanka, and its former capital. It is the administrative capital of the Batticaloa District. The city is the seat of the Eastern University of Sri Lanka and is a major commercial centre.  It is on the east coast, 111 kilometres (69 mi) south of Trincomalee, and is situated on an island. Pasikudah is a popular tourist destination situated 35 km (22 mi) northwest with beaches and flat year-round warm-water shallow-lagoons.

Gajabahu I
Gajabahu I (Sinhala: ගජබාහු, lit. 'Arm of an elephant', [ˈgadʒəba:ɦu]), also known as Gajabahuka Gamani (c. 113 – 135 CE), was a Sinhalese king of Rajarata in Sri Lanka. He is renowned for his military prowess, religious benefactions, extensive involvement in South Indian politics, and for possibly introducing the cult of the goddess Pattini to Sri Lanka. The primary source for his reign is the Mahavamsa, though he is also the only early Sri Lankan king (along with Elara) to be extensively mentioned in the Chera Cilappatikaram (also spelled Silapathikaram).
Constant Mentzas
Constant Mentzas is a Canadian film director, screenwriter and restaurateur from Montreal, Quebec. He is most noted for the short films Aspiration, which was a Jutra Award nominee for Best Live Action Short Film at the 5th Jutra Awards and won the award for Best Canadian Short Film at the 2003 Toronto International Film Festival, and Gilles, which was a Genie Award nominee for Best Live Action Short Drama at the 30th Genie Awards in 2010.

He subsequently left the film business to take over ownership and operation of Ikanos, his father's Greek restaurant in Montreal.

Genie Awards
The Genie Awards were given out annually by the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television to recognize the best of Canadian cinema from 1980–2012. They succeeded the Canadian Film Awards (1949–1978). In 2013, the Academy merged the Genie Awards with its sister presentation for television, the Gemini Awards, to form the Canadian Screen Awards.

Genie Award candidates were selected from submissions made by the owners of Canadian films or their representatives, based on the criteria laid out in the Genie Rules and Regulations booklet which were distributed to Academy members and industry members. Peer-group juries, assembled from volunteer members of the Academy, met to watch the submissions and select a group of nominees. Academy members then voted on these nominations.
2008 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship
The 2008 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship was the 111th staging of the Offaly Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Offaly County Board in 1896.

Birr entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 12 October 2008 at O'Connor Park in Tullamore, between Birr and Kinnitty, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Birr won the match by 1–15 to 0–15 to claim their 22nd championship title overall and a fourth title in succession.

Kinnitty GAA
Kinnitty GAA is a Gaelic Athletic Association club located in Kinnitty, County Offaly, Ireland. The club is a member of the Offaly GAA County Board. The club is almost exclusively concerned with hurling.
Kamo clan
The Kamo clan (賀茂氏, Kamo-shi) is a Japanese shake clan which traces its roots from a Yayoi period shrine in northeastern Kyoto. The clan rose to prominence during the Asuka and Heian periods when the Kamo are identified with the 7th-century founding of the Kamo Shrine.

University of Hawaiʻi Press
The University of Hawaiʻi Press is a university press that is part of the University of Hawaiʻi.

The University of Hawaiʻi Press was founded in 1947, publishing research in all disciplines of the humanities and natural and social sciences in the regions of Asia and the Pacific. In addition to scholarly monographs, the press publishes educational materials and reference works such as dictionaries, language texts, classroom readers, atlases, and encyclopedias.

The press is currently a member of the Association of University Presses.
A State of Trance Ibiza 2014 at Ushuaïa
A State of Trance Ibiza 2014 at Ushuaïa is the first compilation album in the A State of Trance Ibiza compilation series mixed and compiled by the Dutch DJ and record producer Armin van Buuren. It was released on 9 September 2014 by Armada Music.

In 2014, Armin van Buuren left his Ibiza residencies in Privilege Ibiza or Amnesia and became DJ resident at Ushuaïa Ibiza Beach Hotel. He decided to share the best tracks from his sets in a new double mix compilation series to replace the former Universal Religion series.

Amnesia (nightclub)
Amnesia is a nightclub on the Spanish island of Ibiza. It opened in 1976 and won the title of Best Global Club in 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2011 at the IDMA Awards in Miami. The club is located close to the village of San Rafael on the highway between Sant Antoni de Portmany and Ibiza Town.
Collectors' Item: All Their Greatest Hits!
Collectors' Item: All Their Greatest Hits! is a compilation album released by Harold Melvin & the Blue Notes on the Philadelphia International record label in July 1976.  It includes all of their biggest hits with the label recorded between 1972 and 1975, such as "If You Don't Know Me by Now", "The Love I Lost", Bad Luck", and "Wake Up Everybody". Many of the songs were in extended versions. The album, produced by Gamble & Huff, sold over a million in the USA. The UK album release also included the track, "Satisfaction Guaranteed" which had been a big hit for the group there.

Bad Luck (Harold Melvin & the Blue Notes song)
"Bad Luck" is a song recorded by American vocal group Harold Melvin & the Blue Notes from their album To Be True. Released as a single in 1975 by Philadelphia International Records, the song was written by Victor Carstarphen, Gene McFadden, and John Whitehead and produced by Gamble and Huff, with MFSB providing instrumentals. The single was number one on the Billboard Disco Action chart for eleven weeks, also peaking at no. 4 on Hot Soul Singles and no. 15 on the Hot 100. With an unusually loud hi-hat by session drummer Earl Young, "Bad Luck" is considered a signature disco song.
Mineral Springs High School
Mineral Springs High School is a comprehensive public high school in Mineral Springs, Arkansas, United States, that serves grades 7 through 12. It is one of three public high schools in Howard County and the only high school managed by the Mineral Springs Saratoga School District.

In September 2012, the school district's other high school, Saratoga High School, was closed after the state Board of Education discovered the high school did not provide the required 38 courses. As a result, students were merged into Mineral Springs High School.

Howard County, Arkansas
Howard County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,785. The county seat is Nashville. Howard County is Arkansas's 74th county, formed on April 17, 1873, and named for James Howard, a state senator. It is a dry county.
Rick Hayes (politician)
Rick Hayes is an American politician who served from 2019 to 2025 as a Connecticut State Representative from the 51st District, which encompasses the towns of Putnam, Thompson, and parts of Killingly. A member of the Republican Party, Hayes first ran for the seat in 2018 in an election where he would win over Democratic candidate Larry Groh Jr. Hayes was re-elected in 2020, once again defeating Groh. Hayes was reelected once more in 2022, but chose to retire in 2024. He was succeeded by his son-in-law, Chris Stewart. He is currently a member of the Putnam Board of Selectman, serving in that position since 2017.

Killingly, Connecticut
Killingly is a town in Windham County, Connecticut, United States. Killingly is the largest town by population in the Northeastern Connecticut Planning Region. The population was 17,752 at the 2020 census. It consists of the borough of Danielson and the villages of Attawaugan, Ballouville, Dayville, East Killingly, Rogers, and South Killingly.
Willie Lane
William "Willie" or "Wallie" Lane (1883–1920) was a British flat racing jockey.

He was the Champion Jockey of 1902, but is most commonly remembered for his feats riding the outstanding Pretty Polly, who in 1904 became only the fifth filly to win the British Fillies Triple Crown.  Besides the Triple Crown, she also won the Coronation Stakes, Nassau Stakes and Park Hill Stakes.

Other races he won in his career include the St. James's Palace Stakes, Ascot Gold Cup, Norfolk Stakes, Gordon Stakes, Goodwood Cup, Yorkshire Oaks, Gimcrack Stakes and Doncaster Cup. Having achieved the Triple Crown, one of the rarest feats in racing, his career was cut short after a serious fall in a selling race at Lingfield.  He died, aged 37, in 1920.  Despite his short-lived career, he was still ranked at number 32 in the Racing Post's Top 50 jockeys of the 20th century.

Lane was the son of a jobmaster from Chelsea.

Gimcrack Stakes
The Gimcrack Stakes is a Group 2 flat horse race in Great Britain open to two-year-old colts and geldings. It is run at York over a distance of 6 furlongs (1,207 metres) and is scheduled to take place each year in August.

Entry into this "prestigious" race is often indicative of confidence in a horse's ability and potential.
Guy Jackson (baseball)
Guy Jackson (1882 – death unknown) was an American Negro league pitcher in the 1910s.

Jackson made his Negro leagues debut in 1909 with the Illinois Giants before playing with the Chicago Union Giants in 1911. In the following two seasons, he played for the Chicago Giants. Jackson spent 1914 with the Lincoln Stars, then finished his career in 1915 back with the Chicago Giants.

Illinois Giants
The Illinois Giants were a semi-professional barnstorming Negro league baseball team, documented as playing in 1909, 1910, and from 1919 to 1929. They were based in Chicago.

The Giants played throughout Illinois and the Upper Midwest, including tours playing against local teams in the iron mining towns of northern Wisconsin and Michigan's Upper Peninsula. Many of the other semi-pro teams they played against were white.: 174–175

Ted "Double Duty" Radcliffe started his baseball career by playing for the team in 1920. He played with the Giants until 1927.: 175
Princess Henrietta of Nassau-Weilburg
Henrietta Alexandrine Friederike Wilhelmine of Nassau-Weilburg, then of Nassau (30 October 1797 – 29 December 1829) was the wife of Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen. Her husband was a notable general of the Napoleonic Wars and victor of the Battle of Aspern-Essling against Napoleon I of France.

Battle of Aspern-Essling
In the Battle of Aspern-Essling (21–22 May 1809), Napoleon crossed the Danube near Vienna, but the French and their allies were attacked and forced back across the river by the Austrians under Archduke Charles. It was the first time Napoleon had been personally defeated in a major battle, as well as his first battle defeat in 10 years since the siege of Acre, and his first battle defeat as head of state, although he did suffer a tactical defeat in the Battle of Caldiero and in the Second Battle of Bassano. Archduke Charles drove out the French but fell short of destroying their army. The French lost over 20,000 men, including one of Napoleon's ablest field commanders and closest friends, Marshal Jean Lannes.