hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Expedition to Najd (1817–1818)
The Najd Expedition (Turkish: Nejd Seferi) was a multi-battle campaign waged by Ottoman Egypt from 1817 to 1818. It was part of Third Campaign of the Ottoman–Wahhabi War of 1811 to 1818, which was the final campaign on the war.  It was commanded by Ibrahim Pasha, son of Egyptian ruler Muhammad Ali Pasha, by order of Ottoman Sultan Mahmud II.  The goal was to end the Emirate of Diriyah and capture the capital city of Diriyah, through no real strategy other than brute force.

Abdullah bin Saud Al Saud
Abdullah bin Saud Al Saud (Arabic: عبد الله بن سعود آل سعود, romanized: ʿAbd Allāh bin Suʿūd Āl Suʿūd; died May 1819) was the last ruler of the First Saudi State, from 1814 to 1818, and was executed in Istanbul under the Ottoman Empire. Although the Ottomans maintained several garrisons in the Nejd thereafter, they were unable to prevent the rise of the Emirate of Nejd, also known as the Second Saudi State, led by Turki bin Abdullah.
Galongla Mountain
Galongla Mountain (Chinese: 嘎隆拉山, Tibetan: དགའ་ལུང་ལ་), elevation 5,106 meters, straddles Bomê County and Medog County in Tibet Autonomous Region, forming a critical segment of the eastern Himalayan syntaxis.

Mêdog County
Mêdog (Tibetan: མེ་ཏོག་རྫོང་།; Chinese: 墨脱县), formerly known as Pemako (Tibetan: པདྨ་བཀོད་, Wylie: pad ma bkod, THL: Pémakö, ZWPY: Bämagö lit. "Lotus Array"), is a county of Nyingchi in the Tibet Autonomous Region, China. Pemako is considered famous because it is the Nyingma master Dudjom Rinpoche's birthplace, and it is a prophesied refuge for Tibetan Buddhists by Padmasambhava.
Choeradodis
Choeradodis is a genus of praying mantises with common names such as shield mantis, hood mantis (or hooded mantis), and leaf mantis (or leafy mantis) because of their extended, leaf-like thoraces.  The distinguishing characteristic of Choreododis from which it takes its common names is a laterally expanded thorax. This adaptation for the purpose of camouflage, as well as a rounded wing case and a habit of staying relatively flattened, aid its leaf mimicry. Tiny liverworts, lichens and fungi have been found growing on the pronotum and wing case of many Choeradodis mantids; these appear to be opportunistic growths rather than an example of coevolution with the mantids to afford extra camouflage.

Prothorax
The prothorax is the foremost of the three segments in the thorax of an insect, and bears the first pair of legs. Its principal sclerites (exoskeletal plates) are the pronotum (dorsal), the prosternum (ventral), and the propleuron (lateral) on each side. The prothorax never bears wings in extant insects (except in some cases of atavism), though some fossil groups possessed wing-like projections. All adult insects possess legs on the prothorax, though in a few groups (e.g., the butterfly family Nymphalidae) the forelegs are greatly reduced. In many groups of insects, the pronotum is reduced in size, but in a few it is hypertrophied, such as in all beetles (Coleoptera). In most treehoppers (family Membracidae, order Hemiptera), the pronotum is expanded into often fantastic shapes that enhance their camouflage or mimicry. Similarly, in the Tetrigidae, the pronotum is extended backward to cover the flight wings, supplanting the function of the tegmina.
King of the Nerds (British TV series)
King of the Nerds is a British reality competition series co-produced by Electus and Objective Productions. Based on the American series of the same name, the show features nerds and geeks competing in challenges for a £15,000 prize and the title of "King of the Nerds". It is hosted by television presenter and writer Konnie Huq. The series premiered on Sky 1 on 12 July 2015.

Konnie Huq
Konnie Huq (born Kanak Asha Huq /ˈhʌk/, 17 July 1975) is a British television and radio presenter, screenwriter and children's author. She became the longest-serving female presenter of the British children's television programme Blue Peter, presenting it from 1997 to 2008. She has been a presenter and guest of  shows including the 2010 series of The Xtra Factor on ITV2.

She co-wrote the Black Mirror episode "Fifteen Million Merits" with her husband, Charlie Brooker. Her children's book Cookie and the Most Annoying Boy in the World was published in 2019. She published the follow-up, Cookie and the Most Annoying Girl in the World, in 2020 along with her third children's book, Fearless Fairy Tales.
1972 in the European Communities
The signing of the treaties of accession by Denmark, United Kingdom, Republic of Ireland and Norway occurred on 22 January. While Norwegian voters later in the year rejected the treaty in a referendum later that year, the three other states joined the EC on 1 January 1973.

Signature
A signature (/ˈsɪɡnɪtʃər, ˈsɪɡnətʃər/; from Latin: signare, "to sign") is a depiction of someone's name, nickname, or even a simple "X" or other mark that a person writes on documents as a proof of identity and intent. Signatures are often, but not always, handwritten or stylized. The writer of a signature is a signatory or signer. A signature may be confused with an autograph, which is chiefly an artistic signature. This can lead to confusion when people have both an autograph and signature and as such some people in the public eye keep their signatures private whilst fully publishing their autograph.
Karol Brezík
Karol Brezík (born 9 April 1959) is a football manager and former player who played as a striker. He played 308 times in the Czechoslovak First League, scoring 72 goals, as well as representing the national team of Czechoslovakia once. He was one of three players to make his debut for Czechoslovakia in Bratislava on 6 October 1982 in a 2–2 draw against Spain, playing the first half of the match. Brezík scored five goals in eight UEFA Cup matches, including four in a 10–0 win against Rabat Ajax in the 1983–84 UEFA Cup.

Brezík worked as assistant to head coach Jozef Barmoš at Inter Bratislava until replacing him in October 2004 after a run of poor results. He stepped away after 15 games of the 2005–06 Slovak Superliga, but returned for the 18th match. His tenure at Inter Bratislava concluded in March 2006 with the club second from last in the league table.

Czechoslovakia national football team
The Czechoslovakia national football team (Czech: Československá fotbalová reprezentace, Slovak: Česko-slovenské národné futbalové mužstvo) represented Czechoslovakia in men's international football from 1919 to 1993. The team was controlled by the Czechoslovak Football Association, and the team qualified for eight World Cups and three European Championships. It had two runner-up finishes in World Cups, in 1934 and 1962, and won the European Championship in the 1976 tournament.

At the time of the dissolution of Czechoslovakia at the end of 1992, the team was participating in UEFA qualifying Group 4 for the 1994 World Cup; it completed the remainder of this campaign under the name Representation of Czechs and Slovaks (RČS, Czech: Reprezentace Čechů a Slováků, Slovak: Reprezentácia Čechov a Slovákov) before it was disbanded in November 1993. Both the Czech and Slovak national teams are considered to be the joint successors of the Czechoslovak record.
1994 Edward Jancarz Memorial
The 3rd Edward Jancarz Memorial was the 1994 version of the Edward Jancarz Memorial. It took place on 15 May in the Stal Gorzów Stadium in Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland. The Memorial was won by Joe Screen who beat Greg Hancock and Billy Hamill.

Gorzów Wielkopolski
Gorzów Wielkopolski (Polish pronunciation: [ˈɡɔʐuv vjɛlkɔˈpɔlskʲi] ⓘ), often abbreviated to Gorzów Wlkp. or simply Gorzów (formerly Landsberg an der Warthe), is a city in western Poland, located on the Warta River. It is one of the two principal cities and seats of the Lubusz Voivodeship, with a population of 114,567 as of 30 June 2024.

The city has a history dating back to the 13th century and serves as a cultural, economic, and industrial hub in the region. Gorzów Wielkopolski is home to several historical landmarks, green spaces, and educational institutions, and is known for its strong tradition in speedway racing.

Around Gorzów, there are two large forest areas: Gorzów Woods to the north, where the Barlinek-Gorzów Landscape Park is situated, and Noteć Woods to the southeast. The biggest oil fields in Poland are located near Gorzów.
Covasna
Covasna (Romanian pronunciation: [koˈvasna] ⓘ, Hungarian: Kovászna, Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈkovaːsnɒ] ⓘ, German: Kowasna) is a town in Covasna County, Transylvania, Romania, at an altitude of 550–600 m (1,800–1,970 ft). It is known for its natural mineral waters and mofettas.

The town administers one village, Chiuruș (Hungarian: Csomakőrös). The village has a population of 451 and has an absolute Székely Hungarian majority.

Before Orbaiszék merged with Sepsiszék and Kézdiszék to create Háromszék County, in 1876, Covasna was the capital village of Orbaiszék.

Háromszék County
Háromszék (Three Seats; Romanian: Trei Scaune) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Situated in south-eastern Transylvania, its territory is now in central Romania (in the counties of Covasna and Brașov. The capital of the county was Sepsiszentgyörgy (now Sfântu Gheorghe).
Ephraim Davis House
The Ephraim Davis House is a historic First Period house on Merrimack Road, north of the junction with Amesbury Line Road in Haverhill, Massachusetts.  It is now an outbuilding of a farm, functioning as a garage and storage space.  The first part of the 2+1⁄2-story house was built in 1705 by Ephraim Davis, who married in that year.  This consisted of a central chimney and rooms to its right; rooms to the left of the chimney, and a leanto section in the back, were added later in the 18th century.  The house remained in the hands of Davis descendants into the late 19th century.  The house has been unoccupied since 1929, and has seen a variety of farm-related uses since then.  Its surviving First Period elements of note are its oak timber frame and central chimney, although it is possible the chimney is a later 18th century rebuilding.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.

First Period architecture
First Period is an American architectural style that flourished between 1626 and 1725, used primarily by British colonists during the Colonial era, particularly in Massachusetts and Virginia. Essex County, Massachusetts, has the highest number of preserved First Period buildings.
March 8 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
March 7 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - March 9

All fixed commemorations below are observed on March 21 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For March 8th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on February 23 (February 24 on leap years).

Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar
The Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar describes and dictates the rhythm of the life of the Eastern Orthodox Church. Passages of Holy Scripture, saints and events for commemoration are associated with each date, as are many times special rules for fasting or feasting that correspond to the day of the week or time of year in relationship to the major feast days.

There are two types of feasts in the Orthodox Church calendar: fixed and movable. Fixed feasts occur on the same calendar day every year, whereas movable feasts change each year. The moveable feasts are generally relative to Pascha (Easter), and so the cycle of moveable feasts is referred to as the Paschal cycle.
Solar Ark
The Solar Ark (ソーラーアーク, Sōrā Āku) is a Japanese arc-shaped solar photovoltaic power generation facility located in Anpachi, Gifu Prefecture The facility is 315 meters wide and 37 meters tall, one of the largest solar buildings in the world, and is located in the geographical center of Japan. It can be seen from the Tōkaidō Shinkansen, which runs past on an adjacent railway. During its years of operation between 2002 and 2022, over 5000 panels produced approximately 530,000 kilowatt-hours of energy annually, with a maximum system power of 630 kilowatts. The company described it as an "ambassador for environmentally responsible energy".

The Solar Ark was an enterprise partner with the 2005 World Exhibition, Aichi Prefecture, Japan, and featured an hands-on, outdoor light exhibition as part of the Expo. A a museum of solar energy, called the Solar Lab, was previously located at the center of the Solar Ark.

Kilowatt-hour
A kilowatt-hour (unit symbol: kW⋅h or kW h; commonly written as kWh) is a non-SI unit of energy equal to 3.6 megajoules (MJ) in SI units, which is the energy delivered by one kilowatt of power for one hour. Kilowatt-hours are a common billing unit for electrical energy supplied by electric utilities. Metric prefixes are used for multiples and submultiples of the basic unit, the watt-hour (3.6 kJ).
Peter Suder
Peter Jovan Suder (born c. 2003) is an American college basketball player for the Miami RedHawks of the Mid-American Conference (MAC). He previously played for the Bellarmine Knights.

He earned 2023 ASUN All-Freshman honors. He was the leading scorer and a 2025 first team All-MAC honoree for the first 25-win Miami Redhawks basketball team (2024–25) and the Pre-Season MAC Player of the year for the record-setting 2025–26 Miami RedHawks men's basketball team.

In high school he was a starter on Carmel High School's 2019 and 2021 Indiana High School Athletic Association (IHSAA) state champion basketball teams as a freshman and junior. He is the son of basketball player Rick Suder and the great-grandson of baseball player Pete Suder.

Miami RedHawks men's basketball
The Miami RedHawks men's basketball team (known as the Miami Redskins until 1997) is the intercollegiate men's basketball program representing Miami University. The school competes in the Mid-American Conference (MAC) in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The RedHawks play home basketball games at Millett Hall in Oxford, Ohio on the university campus. Miami has reached the NCAA Championship's Sweet Sixteen four times and has been the MAC regular season champions 18 times. The RedHawks have appeared in the NCAA Tournament 17 times, most recently in 2007. The team is currently coached by Travis Steele.

In May 2013, the Ohio Basketball Hall of Fame inducted 11 players and coaches who starred in the state, including Miami's Wayne Embry, Randy Ayers, Ron Harper and Wally Szczerbiak.
Giuseppe Frezzolini
Giuseppe Frezzolini (9 November 1789 – 16 March 1861) was an Italian operatic bass. Born in Orvieto, he studied singing in his native city with G. Pedoto. He began his career in 1819 and was active in Italy's leading opera houses up into the 1840s. He is best known for creating the role of Dr Dulcamara in the world premiere of Gaetano Donizetti's L'elisir d'amore at the Teatro della Canobbiana in Milan on 12 May 1832. He also sang parts in the world premieres of two other Donizetti operas: Pasquale in Olivo e Pasquale (7 January 1827, Teatro Valle, Rome) and Belfiore in Alina, regina di Golconda (12 May 1828, Teatro Carlo Felice, Genoa). He died in Orvieto in 1861. He was the father of soprano Erminia Frezzolini.

Alina, regina di Golconda
Alina, regina di Golconda (Alina, Queen of Golconda) is an opera in two acts by Gaetano Donizetti.  The Italian libretto was written by Felice Romani after Michel-Jean Sedaine's French libretto for Pierre-Alexandre Monsigny's ballet-heroique Aline, reine de Golconde (Paris Opera, 1766), in its turn based on the novel by Stanislas de Boufflers.

The opera was commissioned for the opening festivities of the Teatro Carlo Felice, Genoa, where it premiered with success on 12 May 1828.  Soon after, a revised version debuted at the Teatro Valle, Rome on 10 October 1829.
Northern Vosges Regional Nature Park
The Northern Vosges Regional Natural Park (French: Parc naturel régional des Vosges du Nord) is a protected area of woodland, wetland, farmland and historical sites in the Grand Est region in northeastern France. The area was officially designated as a regional natural park in 1976.

At its inauguration, the park covered 120,000 hectares (300,000 acres), but it has since grown to 130,500 hectares (322,000 acres).

The rich natural landscape has been added to the UNESCO list of international biosphere reserves.

Northern Vosges PNR does not include any of the Vosges Mountains but rather the foothills just north of them. Despite its name, no part of it lies in the department of Vosges but rather it spans two other departments, Bas-Rhin and Moselle.

Vosges (department)
Vosges (French pronunciation: [voʒ] ⓘ) is a department in the Grand Est region, Northeastern France. It covers part of the Vosges mountain range, after which it is named. Vosges consists of three arrondissements, 17 cantons and 507 communes, including Domrémy-la-Pucelle, where Joan of Arc was born. In 2019, it had a population of 364,499 with an area of 5,874 km2 (2,268 sq mi); its prefecture is Épinal.
Kurugondla Ramakrishna
Kurugondla Ramakrishna (born 1964) is the Telugu Desam Party member of the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly representing Venkatagiri constituency, Nellore district. He retained his seat in the 2014 election.

Telugu Desam Party
The Telugu Desam Party (abbr. TDP; transl. Party of the Telugu Land) is an Indian regional political party primarily active in the states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. It was founded by Telugu matinée idol N. T. Rama Rao (NTR) on 29 March 1982 and has focused on supporting Telugu people. The party has won a five-time majority in the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly and has emerged as the most successful political outfit in the state's history. It is currently the ruling party in the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly.

From 1 September 1995, the TDP was led by N. T. Rama Rao's son-in-law, Nara Chandra Babu Naidu as the national president of the party. The headquarters of the party is called N. T. R. Bhavan, which is located at Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh.
Raymond Laborde Correctional Center
Raymond Laborde Correctional Center (RLCC), formerly Avoyelles Correctional Center (ACC), is a state prison of Louisiana, operated by the Louisiana Department of Public Safety & Corrections. It is located in unincorporated Avoyelles Parish, Louisiana, near Cottonport and about 30 miles (48 km) south of Alexandria.

Alexandria, Louisiana
Alexandria is the ninth-largest city in the state of Louisiana and is the parish seat of and the largest city in Rapides Parish, Louisiana, United States. It lies on the south bank of the Red River in almost the exact geographic center of the state. It is the principal city of the Alexandria metropolitan area (population 153,922) which encompasses all of Rapides and Grant parishes. Its neighboring city is Pineville. As of the 2020 census, Alexandria had a population of 45,275.
P2000
P2000 may stand for:

P-2000 (album), a 2000 EP by black metal band Enthroned

P2000 (network), a nationwide pager-network used by emergency services in the Netherlands

Heckler & Koch P2000, a semi-automatic pistol manufactured by Heckler & Koch

Philips P2000, a home computer that used to be made by Philips

Archer-class patrol vessel, a class of Royal Navy patrol boat also known as the P2000 class

Partnership 2000, a program connecting some 550 Jewish communities in the Diaspora with 45 Israel Partnership areas

2000 United States presidential election

Preservation 2000, a land conservation program in Florida that preceded Florida Forever

Siemens P2000, a light rail vehicle for the Los Angeles Metro Rail

Archer-class patrol vessel
The Archer class (or P2000) is a class of patrol and training vessel in service with the United Kingdom's Royal Navy, commonly referred to as a "fast training boat". Most are assigned to Coastal Forces Squadron. HMS Tracker and HMS Raider are armed and provide maritime force protection to high value shipping in the Firth of Clyde and are most commonly employed as escorts for submarines transiting to Faslane. Pursuer and Dasher were also armed during their deployment on maritime force protection duties with the Gibraltar Squadron from 2020 to 2022.
Pietro Abbà Cornaglia
Pietro Abbà Cornaglia (20 March 1851 – 2 May 1894) was an Italian organist, concert pianist, and composer.

He was born in Alessandria, where he lived his entire life. Cornaglia studied music with his stepfather Pietro Cornaglia before attending the Milan Conservatory from 1868 to 1871 to learn piano and composition. His teachers included Antonio Angeleri and Lauro Rossi.

After graduating, he toured as a concert pianist before becoming the organist for Alessandria's cathedral in 1880, a position he would maintain until his death. There, Cornaglia founded a music school and conducted the cathedral's orchestra.

Cornaglia composed numerous works for piano, organ, and chamber music. He wrote three operas, Isabella Spinola (1877), Maria di Warden (1884) and Una partita a scacchi (1892), none of which were successful, and two books, Sulla introduzione del canto popolare in tutte le masse di comunità, e specialmente nella scuola (1880) and Impressioni d'un viaggio in Germania (1881).

Organist
An organist is a musician who plays any type of organ. An organist may play solo organ works, play with an ensemble or orchestra, or accompany one or more singers or instrumental soloists. In addition, an organist may accompany congregational hymn-singing and play liturgical music.
Pizzighettone
Pizzighettone (Pizzighettonese: Pisighitòn) is a comune of the Province of Cremona in the Italian region Lombardy. The main population centre is located on the river Adda and is divided into two parts: Pizzighettone on the east bank and Gera on the west.

Francis I of France was imprisoned in the tower of Pizzighettone following the Battle of Pavia in 1525. It was the site of the Insubrian town of Acerrae, and was home to the football team AS Pizzighettone, until the summer 2012 when it moved to city of Crema and changed its name to U.S. Pergolettese 1932.

Saint Vincenzo Grossi was born in Pizzighettone.

Cremunés dialect
Cremonese (Cremunés) is a dialect of the Western Lombard dialect group spoken in the city and province of Cremona in Lombardy, Italy, with the exception of Crema and the area of Soresina, where an Eastern Lombard dialect is spoken, and the area of Casalmaggiore, where a form of Emilian closely related to Parmigiano is spoken.

Being at the crossroad between the core areas of different Lombard varieties, Cremonese exhibits features from both Western Lombard and Eastern Lombard, and a few which are typical of dialects spoken in the nearby region of Emilia-Romagna. It is best classified within the Southwestern Lombard group of dialects.
Proprietors Meeting House and Parish House
The Proprietors Meeting House and Parish House, known for many years as the Universalist Church of Scarborough and South Buxton, is a historic church complex at the junction of Maine State Route 22 and Old County Road in the village of South Buxton, on the  Scarborough side of the town line with Buxton, Maine.  The church, built about 1839, is a fine local example of transitional Federal-Gothic Revival architecture, and the adjacent parish house, built in 1914, is a good local example of the Bungalow style.  The property, purchased for use of the Maine Hindu Temple in 2012, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001. The Hindu Temple has since moved out and the property is now vacant.

Buxton, Maine
Buxton is a town in York County, Maine, United States. It is part of the Portland metropolitan area. The population was 8,376 at the 2020 census. Buxton includes the villages of Salmon Falls/Tory Hill, Chicopee, Groveville, Bar Mills, West Buxton, and Buxton Center. The old town Common is east of Union Falls, which is the location of Skelton Dam, operated by Central Maine Power, and near historic location of the original settlement at Pleasant Point.