hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Patermutius
Patermutius was an early Christian martyr. A layman, Patermutius was one of four Christians who led Mass for the persecuted Christians condemned to work in the Palestinian quarries in the wake of the Diocletianic Persecution. When the Roman emperor Galerius learned of this, he had Patermutius burned alive along with the other leaders (Peleus, Nilus, and Elias), and the Christians dispersed to mines in Cyprus and Lebanon. He is venerated as a saint in the Roman Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodox Church.

Galerius
Galerius Valerius Maximianus (/ɡəˈlɛəriəs/; Greek: Γαλέριος; c. 258 – May 311) was Roman emperor from 305 to 311. He participated in the system of government later known as the Tetrarchy, first acting as caesar under Emperor Diocletian. In this period Galerius obtained victory warring against the Persian Sasanian Empire, defeating Narseh at the battle of Satala in 298 and possibly sacking the Sasanian capital of Ctesiphon in 299. He also campaigned across the Danube against the Carpi, defeating them in 297 and 300. Galerius was promoted to augustus upon the abdication of Diocletian in 305, but had to contend with multiple usurpers as the Tetrarchic system broke down. Although he was a staunch opponent of Christianity, he ended the Diocletianic Persecution by issuing the Edict of Serdica in 311.
KOSI
KOSI (101.1 FM) is a commercial radio station in Denver, Colorado.  KOSI is owned by Salt Lake City–based Bonneville International and airs an adult contemporary music format, switching to Christmas music for much of November and December.  Its studios and offices are on East Orchard Road in Greenwood Village, and the transmitter is on Mount Morrison in Genesee, above the Red Rocks Amphitheatre.

KOSI is a Class C FM station, broadcasting in the HD Radio format.   It carries the Latter-day Saints Channel on its HD2 subchannel.  KOSI's parent company, Bonneville, is a subsidiary of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.

Digital subchannel
In broadcasting, digital subchannels are a method of transmitting more than one independent program stream simultaneously from the same digital radio or television station on the same radio frequency channel. This is done by using data compression techniques to reduce the size of each individual program stream, and multiplexing to combine them into a single signal. The practice is sometimes called "multicasting".
Fraser Down
Fraser Down is a  10-hectare (25-acre) nature reserve north of Betchworth in Surrey. It is managed by the Surrey Wildlife Trust. It is part of the Mole Gap to Reigate Escarpment Site of Special Scientific Interest and Special Area of Conservation.

This is mainly chalk downland with some yew and beech woodland. The grassland has the rare silver-spotted skipper butterfly and wildflowers such as cowslip and Wild Marjoram.

There is no public access to the site.

Primula veris
Primula veris, the cowslip, common cowslip, or cowslip primrose (syn. Primula officinalis Hill), is a herbaceous perennial flowering plant in the primrose family Primulaceae. The species is native throughout most of temperate Europe and western Asia, and although absent from more northerly areas including much of northwest Scotland, it reappears in northernmost Sutherland and Orkney and in Scandinavia. This species frequently hybridizes with other Primulas such as the common primrose Primula vulgaris to form false oxlip (Primula × polyantha) which is often confused with true oxlip (Primula elatior), a much rarer plant.
China–Democratic Republic of the Congo relations
The People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) have maintained diplomatic relations since 1961. Contact between the two regions stretch back to 1887 when representatives of the Congo Free State established relations with the Qing dynasty. The first treaty between the two powers was signed in 1898.

The Free State became a Belgian colony in 1908, but when it gained its independence in 1960 it established formal relations with the Republic of China (ROC), which had replaced the Qing in 1912 but was relegated to the island of Taiwan, a former Japanese colony, after 1949. Over the next decade, Congolese recognition was switched several times between the ROC and the PRC before it settled finally on the latter in 1971.

At the time, the Congo was known as Zaire. In the 21st century, Chinese investment in the DRC and Congolese exports to China have grown rapidly. The DRC joined the Belt and Road Initiative in 2021.

Export–Import Bank of China
The Export–Import Bank of China (中国进出口银行; commonly known as China Exim Bank or Exim Bank) is one of China's three major policy banks, operating under the authority of the State Council. Established in 1994, it was created to implement state policies in foreign trade, industrial development, overseas investment, and foreign aid, with a mandate to support the export of Chinese goods and services and the international expansion of Chinese firms.
Alexander Sergeychik
Alexander Vasilyevich Sergeychik (Belarusian: Аляксандар Васільевіч Сяргейчык; 1970 – 26 November 2007) was a Belarusian serial killer. He committed murders between 2000 and 2006 in Shchuchyn District and Grodno District. He confessed to killing a total of twelve people; however, the investigation could bring forward only enough evidence to convict him of six murders. He received the death penalty by the court.

Belarusians
Belarusians (Belarusian: беларусы, romanized: biełarusy [bʲeɫaˈrusɨ]) are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Belarus. They natively speak Belarusian, an East Slavic language. More than 9 million people proclaim Belarusian ethnicity worldwide. Nearly 7.99 million Belarusians reside in Belarus, with the United States and Russia being home to more than 500,000 Belarusians each. The majority of Belarusians adhere to Eastern Orthodoxy.
National Association of Professional Base Ball Players
The National Association of Professional Base Ball Players (NAPBBP), often known simply as the National Association (NA), was the first fully-professional sports league in baseball. The NA was founded in 1871 and continued through the 1875 season. It incorporated several professional clubs from the National Association of Base Ball Players (NABBP) of 1857–1870, sometimes called "the amateur Association". In turn, several NA clubs created the succeeding National League of Professional Baseball Clubs (the National League, founded 1876), which joined with the American League of Professional Baseball Clubs (the American League, founded 1901) in the National Agreement of 1903, a "peace pact" that recognized each other as legitimate "major leagues". Following nearly a century of cooperation, the two leagues eventually merged into one organization in 2000 as Major League Baseball (MLB).

Retrosheet
Retrosheet is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization whose website features box scores of Major League Baseball (MLB) games from 1906 to the present, and play-by-play narratives for almost every contest since the 1930s. It also includes scores from all major league games played since the 1871 season (the inception of organized professional baseball), as well as every All-Star Game and postseason game, including the World Series, as well as the Negro leagues' East–West All-Star Game and World Series.
Jacqueline Novak
Jacqueline Novak (born September 3, 1982) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, writer, and published author. Her off-Broadway, one-woman show Get On Your Knees was a New York Times "Critic's Pick.", and her performance was nominated for a 2020 Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Solo Performance. In 2024, Get On Your Knees was made into a Netflix special, directed by Natasha Lyonne. for which she received a 2024 Emmy nomination for Outstanding Writing for a Variety Special.

Novak's memoir How to Weep in Public: Feeble Offerings on Depression from One Who Knows was published by Three Rivers Press, an imprint of Crown, in 2016. She currently co-hosts a weekly wellness/comedy podcast Poog with friend Kate Berlant. Poog was named one of the ten best podcasts of 2021 by Time Magazine, as well one of the 10 best comedy podcasts of 2021 by Vulture.

Crown Publishing Group
The Crown Publishing Group is a subsidiary of Penguin Random House that publishes across several fiction and non-fiction categories. Originally founded in 1933 as a remaindered books wholesaler called Outlet Book Company, the firm expanded into publishing original content in 1936 under the Crown name, and was acquired by Random House in 1988. Under Random House's ownership, the Crown Publishing Group was operated as an independent division until 2018, when it was merged with the rest of Random House's adult programs.
Hôtel de Ville, Villeneuve-Saint-Georges
The Hôtel de Ville (French pronunciation: [otɛl də vil], City Hall) is a municipal building in Villeneuve-Saint-Georges, Val-de-Marne, in the southern suburbs of Paris, standing on Place Pierre Sémard. It has been included on the Inventaire général des monuments by the French Ministry of Culture since 1982.

Ministry of Culture (France)
The Ministry of Culture (French: Ministère de la Culture [ministɛʁ də la kyltyʁ]) is the ministry of the Government of France in charge of national museums and the monuments historiques. Its goal is to maintain the French identity through the promotion and protection of the arts (visual, plastic, theatrical, musical, dance, architectural, literary, televisual and cinematographic) on national soil and abroad. Its budget is mainly dedicated to the management of the Archives Nationales (six national sites and hundred decentralised storage facilities) and the regional Maisons de la culture (culture centres).

Its main office is in the Palais-Royal in the 1st arrondissement of Paris on the Rue de Valois. It is headed by the Minister of Culture, a cabinet member. The most recent officeholder has been Rachida Dati, before she resigned to focus on her candidacy of the 2026 Paris municipal election.
Priscilla Falcón
Priscilla Falcón (born 1940) is a professor emeritus of Chicano/a and Latinx studies at University of Northern Colorado and a Chicana activist. She also publishes under the name Priscilla Falcon-Lujan. After her husband Ricardo Falcón was murdered, she became an outspoken activist for the Chicano/a Movement.

University of Northern Colorado
The University of Northern Colorado (UNCO or  UNC) is a public university in Greeley, Colorado, United States. It was founded in 1889 as the State Normal School of Colorado and took on its current name in 1970. Approximately 10,000 students are enrolled in six colleges. Extended campus locations are in Loveland, Denver/Aurora, and Colorado Springs. The university has a long history in teacher education. UNCO's 19 athletic teams compete in NCAA Division I as members of the Big Sky Conference.
Louisville Ridge
The Louisville Ridge, often now referred to as the Louisville Seamount Chain, is an underwater chain of over 70 seamounts located in the Southwest portion of the Pacific Ocean. One of the longest seamount chains on Earth, it stretches some 4,300 km (2,700 mi) from the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge northwest to the Tonga-Kermadec Trench, where it subducts under the Indo-Australian Plate as part of the Pacific Plate. The chain's formation is best explained by movement of the Pacific Plate over the Louisville hotspot, although others have suggested that it formed by leakage of magma from the shallow mantle up through the Eltanin fracture zone, which it follows closely for some of its course.

Depth-sounding data first revealed existence consistent with a seamount chain in 1972, although some of the seamounts had been described as a ridge in 1964 linked to the Eltanin fracture zone system, hence the name.

Indo-Australian plate
The Indo-Australian plate is or was a major tectonic plate. It is in the process of separation into two or three plates, and may be currently separated into more than one plate. It contains the continent of Australia, its surrounding ocean and extends north-west to include the Indian subcontinent and the adjacent waters.
Seagoville High School
Seagoville High School is a public secondary school located in Dallas, Texas, United States, northwest of the city of Seagoville. Seagoville High School enrolls students in grades 9–12 and is a part of the Dallas Independent School District.

Seagoville High School serves the DISD portion of the city of Seagoville, as well as small parts of Dallas (including Kleberg) and the DISD portion of the city of Combine. The community of Wright Farms, located in Dallas, is assigned to Seagoville High School.

In 2015, the school was rated "Met Standard" by the Texas Education Agency.

Ninth grade
Ninth grade (also 9th or Grade 9) is the ninth year of formal or compulsory education in some countries. It is generally part of high school or secondary school depending on the country. Students in ninth grade are usually 14–15 years old.
Reuben B. Showalter
Reuben Benoni Showalter (June 3, 1842 – January 27, 1912) was an American mason, banker, and Republican politician from Grant County, Wisconsin.  He was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly during the 1887 and 1889 sessions, and served as the 8th mayor of Lancaster, Wisconsin.

38th Wisconsin Legislature
The Thirty-Eighth Wisconsin Legislature convened from January 12, 1887, to April 15, 1887, in regular session.

Senators representing odd-numbered districts were newly elected for this session and were serving the first two years of a four-year term. Assembly members were elected to a two-year term. Assembly members and odd-numbered senators were elected in the general election of November 2, 1886. Senators representing even-numbered districts were serving the third and fourth year of a four-year term, having been elected in the general election of November 4, 1884.

The governor of Wisconsin during this entire term was Republican Jeremiah M. Rusk, of Vernon County, serving his third two-year term, having won re-election in the 1886 Wisconsin gubernatorial election.
Ashley Havinden
Ashley Havinden (1903–1973) was an influential British graphic designer in the mid twentieth century. Specializing in posters, advertisements, logos and typography, he was also a textile and rug designer. In 1947 he was appointed a Royal Designer for Industry.

Graphic designer
A graphic designer is a practitioner who follows the discipline of graphic design, either within companies or organizations or independently. They are professionals in design and visual communication, with their primary focus on transforming linguistic messages into graphic manifestations, whether tangible or intangible. They are responsible for planning, designing, projecting, and conveying messages or ideas through visual communication. Graphic design is one of the most in-demand professions with significant job opportunities, as it allows leveraging technological advancements and working online from anywhere in the world.
Atractocarpus fitzalanii
Atractocarpus fitzalanii, commonly known as the brown gardenia or yellow mangosteen, is a species of  plant in the coffee and madder family Rubiaceae. It is found in coastal parts of tropical Queensland, Australia. The beautifully scented flowers and glossy foliage has seen this plant enter cultivation in gardens of eastern Australia.

Rubiaceae
Rubiaceae (/ruːbiˈeɪsiːˌiː, -siˌaɪ/) is a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules and sympetalous actinomorphic flowers. The family contains about 14,200 species in about 615 genera, which makes it the fourth-largest angiosperm family by number of species. Rubiaceae has a cosmopolitan distribution; however, the largest species diversity is concentrated in the tropics and subtropics. Economically important genera include  Coffea, the source of coffee; Cinchona, the source of the antimalarial alkaloid quinine; ornamental cultivars (e.g., Gardenia, Ixora, Pentas); and historically some dye plants (e.g., Rubia).
Erich Heckelmann
Erich Heckelmann (20 February 1935 – 21 June 2022) was a German politician. A member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany, he served in the Landtag of North Rhine-Westphalia from 1978 to 1980 and again from 1981 to 1996.

Heckelmann died in Grevenbroich on 21 June 2022 at the age of 87.

Grevenbroich
Grevenbroich (German: [ˌɡʁeːvn̩ˈbʁoːx] ⓘ) is a town in the Rhein-Kreis Neuss, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is situated on the river Erft, approximately 15 km southwest of Neuss and 15 km southeast of Mönchengladbach. Cologne and Düsseldorf are in a 30 km reach. It is notable for having the Frimmersdorf Power Station, which was one of Europe's least carbon-efficient power stations.
1972 Pot Black
The 1972 Pot Black was a professional invitational snooker tournament that was broadcast in 1972. The tournament was held between 29 December 1971 and 1 January 1972 in the Pebble Mill Studios in Birmingham, and featured six professional players. All matches were one-frame shoot-outs.

Broadcasts were on BBC2 and began at 21:00 on Wednesday 12 April 1972. The tournament in this year was reduced to six players. There was a qualifying stage in which each competitor played three matches. The leading four then played in a round-robin group, from which the top two players qualified for the final. Alan Weeks presented the programme, with Ted Lowe as commentator and Sydney Lee as referee.

The tournament featured its first overseas player, Australia's Eddie Charlton (making his TV debut), who went on to win the tournament by beating Ray Reardon 75–43 in the final, broadcast on 26 July.

Alan Weeks (sports reporter)
Alan Frederick Weeks (8 September 1923 – 11 June 1996) was an English television sports reporter and commentator for the BBC from 1951 to 1996. He was assigned to work as the publicity manager of the Brighton Sports Stadium after he was demobbed from the Royal Naval Reserve in 1946. Three years later, Weeks was discovered by BBC Television outside broadcast producer Peter Dimmock and joined the corporation as a regular sports commentator in 1951. He covered more than 30 sports for the BBC such as ice skating, ice hockey, swimming, gymnastics, football, snooker, the Summer Olympic Games, the Winter Olympic Games and the Commonwealth Games until his retirement in 1996. Weeks was the first director of the Sports Aid Foundation between 1976 and 1983, later serving as an elected governor of the foundation.
Khoyto-Aga
Khoyto-Aga (Russian: Хойто-Ага) is a rural locality (a selo) in Aginsky District, Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. Population: 713 (2021 census); 834 (2010 census); 849 (2002 census);  There are 11 streets in this selo.

Zabaykalsky Krai
Zabaykalsky Krai is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in the Russian Far East. Its administrative center is Chita. As of the 2010 Census, the population was 1,107,107.

The krai was created on 1 March 2008, as a result of a merger of Chita Oblast and Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug after a referendum held on the issue on 11 March 2007. In 2018, the krai became part of the Far Eastern Federal District.
2024 Guadalajara 125 Open – Doubles
Katarzyna Piter and Fanny Stollár won the doubles title at the 2024 Guadalajara 125 Open, defeating Angelica Moratelli and Sabrina Santamaria in the final, 6–4, 7–5.

Kaitlyn Christian and Lidziya Marozava were the reigning champions from 2022, when the event was last held, but did not participate this year.

Angelica Moratelli
Angelica Moratelli (born 17 August 1994) is an Italian professional tennis player.
She achieved her career-high singles ranking of No. 318 on 23 September 2013, and world No. 62 in doubles on 9 September 2024.

Moratelli has won two doubles titles on the WTA Challenger Tour along with ten singles and thirty-one doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.
Nicola Molè
Nicola Molè (26 February 1931 – 17 January 2023) was an Italian lawyer and politician. A member of the Social Christians and the Democrats of the Left, he served as president of the Province of Terni from 1995 to 1999.

Molè died in Terni on 17 January 2023, at the age of 91.

Democrats of the Left
The Democrats of the Left (Italian: Democratici di Sinistra, DS) was a social-democratic political party in Italy. Positioned on the centre-left, the DS, successor of the Democratic Party of the Left (PDS) and the Italian Communist Party, was formed in 1998 upon the merger of the PDS with several minor parties. A member of The Olive Tree coalition, the DS was successively led by Massimo D'Alema, Walter Veltroni, and Piero Fassino, and merged with Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy and a number of minor centre-left parties to form the Democratic Party in October 2007.
Tameka Empson
Tameka Lydia Empson (born 15 April 1977) is an English actress and comedian. She appeared as one of the three protagonists in the hidden-camera comedy sketch show 3 Non-Blondes. In 2009, she began portraying the role of Kim Fox in the BBC soap opera EastEnders.

Hackney Empire
Hackney Empire is a theatre on Mare Street, in Hackney in the London Borough of Hackney. Originally designed by Frank Matcham it was built in 1901 as a music hall, and expanded in 2001. Described by The Guardian as "the most beautiful theatre in London" it is an Arts Council England National Portfolio Organisation. In 2021, pop singer Leona Lewis became the patron of the Empire.

The architectural writer Nikolaus Pevsner described the Hackney Empire as "among the best-surviving Edwardian suburban variety theatres". Samantha Ellis in The Guardian writes, "From Chaplin to Gracie, the Hackney Empire played host to the greatest stars of music hall".
Jonathan Root House
The Jonathan Root House is a historic house at 140–142 North Main Street in Southington, Connecticut.  Built about 1720, it is believed to be the oldest surviving colonial building in the town.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989, and now houses professional offices.

Southington, Connecticut
Southington (/ˈsʌðɪŋtən/ SUH-thing-tən) is a town in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States. The town is part of the Capitol Planning Region. As of the 2020 United States census, it had a population of 43,501. Southington contains the villages of Marion,   Milldale, and Plantsville.
V. C. Manning
Vennis C. Manning (born December 23, 1947) is an American educator and politician. A member of the Democratic Party, he served in the Mississippi State Senate from 1984 to 1988 and the Mississippi House of Representatives from 1996 to 2000.

Mississippi House of Representatives
The Mississippi House of Representatives is the lower house of the Mississippi Legislature, the lawmaking body of the U.S. state of Mississippi, the upper house being the Mississippi Senate. According to the state constitution of 1890, it is to comprise no more than 122 members elected for four-year terms. To qualify as a member of the House, candidates must be at least 21 years old, a resident of Mississippi for at least four years, and a resident in the district for at least two years. Elections are held the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November.