hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mesobatrachia
The Mesobatrachia (Ancient Greek μέσος (mésos, "middle") + batrachia ("frogs")) is a paraphyletic group of relatively primitive frogs. At the end of 2016, it contained 3 superfamilies (Pelobatoidea, Pelodytoidea and Pipoidea), 6 families, 16 genera, and 244 species. Recognized as a group in 1993, the name is contrasted with the primitive Archaeobatrachia and the more diverse and advanced Neobatrachia.

The Mesobatrachia comprise five fossorial families, including the spadefoot toads of Europe, North America, and East Asia, the parsley frogs, and the Mexican burrowing toad, as well as one obligatorily aquatic family, the Pipidae of Africa and South America. Later studies recognised that the group was paraphyletic with respect to Neobatrachia.

The families currently accepted in the Mesobatrachia suborder are:

Megophryidae

Pelobatidae

Pelodytidae

Pipidae

Rhinophrynidae

Scaphiopodidae

Rhinophrynidae
The Rhinophrynidae are a family of frogs containing one extant genus, the monotypic Rhinophrynus, and a number of fossil genera. The family is sometimes known as the Mexican burrowing toads or simply burrowing toads.

Rhinophrynus occurs in the Central America north from Costa Rica to Mexico and Texas. Fossil finds of Rhinophrynidae come from Mexico, the United States, and Canada. Rhinophrynus is a burrowing ant and termite eater.
Julian Rauchfuß
Julian Rauchfuß (born 2 September 1994) is a German World Cup alpine ski racer, who specialises in the technical events of slalom and giant slalom.

He competed at the 2021–22 FIS Alpine Ski World Cup.

Giant slalom
Giant slalom (GS) is an alpine skiing and alpine snowboarding competitive discipline. It involves racing between sets of poles ("gates") spaced at a greater distance from each other than in slalom, but less than in Super-G.

Giant slalom and slalom make up the technical events in alpine ski racing. This category separates them from the speed events of Super-G and downhill.  The technical events are normally composed of two runs, held on different courses on the same ski run.
Yonezawa, Yamagata
Yonezawa (米沢市, Yonezawa-shi) is a city in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan.  As of 1 February 2020, the city had an estimated population of 81,707 in 33,278 households, and a population density of 150 persons per km2.  The total area of the city is 548.51 square kilometres (212 sq mi).  Yonezawa is most famous for its local delicacies (apples, Yonezawa beef, and carp) and for being a castle town that was once home to the Uesugi clan, including the daimyō Uesugi Yozan.

Jōkamachi
The jōkamachi (城下町, lit. 'castle city') were centres of the domains of the feudal lords in medieval Japan. The jōkamachi represented the new, concentrated military power of the daimyo in which the formerly decentralized defence resources were concentrated around a single, central citadel. These cities did not necessarily form around castles after the Edo period; some are known as jin'yamachi, cities that have evolved around jin'ya or government offices that are not intended to provide military services. Defined broadly, jokamachi includes jin'yamachi. It is also referred to as jōka, as was common before the early modern period.
Verbena californica
Verbena californica is a rare species of verbena known by the common names California vervain and Red Hills vervain. This flower is endemic to Tuolumne County, California, where it is known from ten or eleven occurrences in the Red Hills, a section of the Sierra Nevada foothills near Chinese Camp. It grows in moist woodland habitat, often on serpentine soils. It is a federally listed threatened species of the United States.

This is a green herb about half a meter in height with a fuzzy stem and long, grasslike leaves. It bears spike inflorescences of tiny purple flowers.

This rare plant is threatened by a number of factors, including cattle grazing, trash dumping, gold mining, off-road vehicles, and development in its habitat. The plant reproduces asexually by sprouting from its underground bulb; this may be a factor in its limited distribution.

Chinese Camp, California
Chinese Camp is a census-designated place (CDP) in Tuolumne County, California, United States. The population was 90 at the 2020 census, down from 126 at the 2010 census, which was down from 146 at the 2000 census. It lies in the grassy foothills of the Sierra Nevada near the southern end of California's Gold Country.

Chinese Camp is California Historical Landmark #423, since 1949.
Ando Meritee
Ando Meritee (born July 30, 1974) is an Estonian Renju player currently residing in Estonia. He was Renju World Champion in 1993, 1999, 2001, 2005, and won the Team World Championship in 2014. He has also won European Renju Championship 3 times, in 1996, 1998, 2006.
In 1999 Ando Meritee played a "match of two titans" against the Japanese legend Shigeru Nakamura, winning the match 3,5-2,5.

Renju
Renju (Japanese: 連珠) is a professional variant of the abstract strategy board game gomoku. It was named renju by Japanese journalist Ruikou Kuroiwa (黒岩涙香) on December 6, 1899, in a Japanese newspaper Yorozu chouhou (萬朝報). The name "renju" means "connected pearls" in Japanese. The game is played with black and white stones on a 15×15 gridded go board.

The rule of renju weakens the advantages for the first player (Black) in gomoku by adding special restrictions for Black.
Narendra Kohli
Narendra Kohli (6 January 1940 – 17 April 2021) was an Indian author. Writing in Hindi-language, he is credited with reinventing the ancient form of epic writing in modern prose. He is also regarded as a trendsetter in the sense that he pioneered the creation of literary works based on the Puranas. Because of the large impact of his body of work on Hindi literature, not only is this era of contemporary modern Hindi literature, since about 1975, sometimes referred to as the Kohli Era, his birth anniversary of January 6th is celebrated as Litterateurs' Day or Writers' Day in the Hindi literature world. He died on 17 April due to complications of COVID-19 after he was on a ventilator.

Ventilator
A ventilator is a type of breathing apparatus, a class of medical technology that provides mechanical ventilation by moving breathable air into and out of the lungs, to deliver breaths to a patient who is physically unable to breathe, or breathing insufficiently. Ventilators may be computerized microprocessor-controlled machines, but patients can also be ventilated with a simple, hand-operated bag valve mask.  Ventilators are chiefly used in intensive-care medicine, home care, and emergency medicine (as standalone units) and in anesthesiology (as a component of an anesthesia machine).

Ventilators are sometimes called "respirators", a term commonly used for them in the 1950s (particularly the "Bird respirator"). However, contemporary medical terminology uses the word "respirator" to refer to a face-mask that protects wearers against hazardous airborne substances.
Benoît Peschier
Benoît Pierre Peschier (born 21 May 1980 in Guilherand-Granges) is a French-Greek slalom canoeist who competed at the international level from 1997 to 2014. He represented Greece from 2009 to 2010. In 2013 he returned to the international scene representing France.

Peschier won a gold medal in the K1 event at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens. He also won two medals in the K1 team event at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships with a gold in 2005 and a bronze in 2002.

His younger brother Nicolas is a multiple medalist from world and European championships in canoe slalom. Their father Claude is world champion in the K1 event from 1969.

2002 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships
The 2002 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships were held in Bourg St.-Maurice, France under the auspices of International Canoe Federation for the record-tying third time. It was the 27th edition. Bourg St.-Maurice hosted the championships previously in 1969 and 1987, and matches the times hosted by Spittal, Austria (1963, 1965, 1977) and Meran, Italy (1953, 1971, 1983). Beginning at these championships, this event would be held on an annual basis in non-Summer Olympic years. The 2001 championships were scheduled to take place in Ducktown, Tennessee (East of Chattanooga) in September that year on the canoe slalom course used for the 1996 Summer Olympics in neighboring Atlanta, but were cancelled in the wake of the September 11 attacks.
The Potato Lab
The Potato Lab (Korean: 감자연구소) is a South Korean television series written by Kim Ho-soo, directed by Kang Il-soo, and starring Lee Sun-bin and Kang Tae-oh. The series is about a woman obsessed with potatoes swept away by a principled man like a tornado potato. It aired on tvN every Saturday and Sunday at 21:20 (KST) from March 1 to April 6, 2025. It is also available for streaming on Netflix in selected regions.

Tornado potato
Tornado potatoes (Korean: 회오리 감자; RR: hoeori gamja)—also called rotato potato, spring potato, twist potatoes, potato twisters, potato swirl, spiral potato, potato on a stick, tornado fries, or chips on a stick (in Australia)—are a popular street food in South Korea, and many other countries. It is a deep fried spiral-cut whole potato on a skewer, similar to a French fry, brushed with various seasonings such as onion, cheese, or honey. Some varieties have spliced sausages in between.
Michael Neary (surgeon)
Michael Neary is a former Irish consultant obstetrician/gynaecologist who carried out unnecessary surgical removal of the wombs of 129 women, many immediately following delivery of a baby.  This happened while he worked at Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital in Drogheda, County Louth. He was placed on administrative leave in 1998 and suspended by the Irish Medical Council in 1999 pending investigation.  In 2003 he was found guilty of professional misconduct by the Irish Medical Council and struck off the Irish Register of Medical Practitioners.

The national scandal eventually led to state compensation for some of the victims. On 18 April 2007, Minister of Health Mary Harney announced a 45 million Euro compensation scheme, to cover up to 172 of the patients who had surgery between 1974 and 1998.

Drogheda
Drogheda (/ˈdrɒhədə, ˈdrɔːdə/ DRO-həd-ə, DRAW-də; Irish: Droichead Átha [ˈd̪ˠɾˠɛhəd̪ˠ ˈaːhə] ⓘ, meaning "bridge at the ford") is an industrial and port town in County Louth on the east coast of Ireland, 43 km (27 mi) north of Dublin. It is located on the Dublin–Belfast corridor on the east coast of Ireland, mostly in County Louth but with the south fringes of the town in County Meath, 40 km (25 mi) north of Dublin city centre. Drogheda had a population of 44,135 inhabitants in 2022, making it the eleventh largest settlement by population in all of Ireland, and the largest town in the Republic of Ireland, by both population and area. The area of Drogheda that is in Co.Louth has 35,990 residents, while the area of Drogheda that is in Co. Meath has 8,145 residents, which make up the 44,135 total. It is the last bridging point on the River Boyne before it enters the Irish Sea. The UNESCO World Heritage Site of Newgrange is located 8 km (5.0 mi) west of the town.
Pramila Rani Brahma
Pramila Rani Brahma (born 1951) is a Bodo politician and social worker from Assam who was a member of the Assam Legislative Assembly from Kokrajhar East constituency as a member of the Bodoland People's Front from 1991 to 2021 and the State Minister of Forest and Environment, Soil Conservation and Mines and Mineral Departments in the Sarbananda Sonowal ministry from 2016 to 2019 and the State Minister of Agriculture and Welfare of Plain Tribes and Backward Castes in the Tarun Gogoi ministry from 2006 to 2010.

Bodoland People's Front
The Bodoland People's Front (BPF) is a state political party in Assam, India. The party is headquartered in Kokrajhar Town and was previously part of the ruling government in the autonomous region of Bodoland. The BPF and UPPL are the two main regional parties of Assam from Bodoland.
Klein Karoo Nasionale Kunstefees
The Klein Karoo Nasionale Kunstefees (Afrikaans for Little Karoo National Arts Festival and usually abbreviated to KKNK) is an Afrikaans language arts festival that takes place yearly in the South African town of Oudtshoorn. The festival includes both the visual and the performing arts and is officially recognized by the South African government as a national arts festival. Based on the number of visitors, it is also the largest South African arts festival.

Little Karoo
The Little Karoo, also known as the Klein Karoo, is a region in the south of the Western Cape province where ostrich farming was formerly practiced on a large scale. The area extends more or less from the Langeberg to the Swartberg. The Langeberg and the Outeniqua Mountains form the southern border of the area, the Swartberg the northern border. The main town is Oudtshoorn. Other towns/settlements in the area include: Ladismith, Calitzdorp, De Rust, as well as well-known mission stations such as Zoar, Amaliënstein, Barrydale and Dysselsdorp. Uniondale is the easternmost point of the area.

The area is mainly drained by the Gourits River, via its tributary the Olifants River. There are five island mountains in the region:Anysberg, Warmwaterberg, Touwsberg, Rooiberg, Gamkaberg, Kammanassieberg and Antoniesberg.
Craignethan Castle
Craignethan Castle is a ruined castle in South Lanarkshire, Scotland. It is located above the River Nethan, a tributary of the River Clyde, at NS816464. The castle is two miles west of the village of Crossford, and 4.5 miles north-west of Lanark. Built in the first half of the 16th century, Craignethan is recognised as an excellent early example of a sophisticated artillery fortification, although its defences were never fully tested.

Crossford, South Lanarkshire
Crossford is a village in South Lanarkshire, Scotland.

Crossford lies on the A72, alongside the River Clyde and the River Nethan, 4+1⁄2 miles (7 kilometres) northwest of Lanark and nine miles (14 kilometres) southeast of Hamilton. It is home to a pub, the Tillietudlem Inn, and a village shop. The nearest primary school, Underbank Primary, is situated just out of Crossford whilst the nearest secondary is in Carluke, though pupils from the village attend Lanark Grammar School.
The 317 bus service runs every 90 minutes to Hamilton and Lanark.

The 40-mile-long (65-kilometre) Clyde walkway footpath from Lanark to Glasgow passes through Crossford.
Erbovirus
Erbovirus is a genus of viruses in the order Picornavirales, in the family Picornaviridae. Horses serve as natural hosts. There is only one species in this genus: Erbovirus A1, also called Equine rhinitis B virus 1 (Erbovirus aequirhi). Diseases associated with this genus include: upper respiratory tract disease with viremia and fecal shedding. Viruses belonging to the genus Erbovirus have been isolated in horses with acute upper febrile respiratory disease. The structure of the Erbovirus virion is icosahedral, having a diameter of 27–30 nm.

Picornavirales
Picornavirales is an order of viruses with vertebrate, invertebrate, protist and plant hosts.  The name has a dual etymology.  First, picorna- is an acronym for poliovirus, insensitivity to ether, coxsackievirus, orphan virus, rhinovirus, and ribonucleic acid.  Secondly, pico-, meaning extremely small, combines with RNA to describe these very small RNA viruses. The order comprises viruses that historically are referred to as picorna-like viruses.
2016 US Open Series
In tennis, the 2016 US Open Series (known as Emirates Airline US Open Series for sponsorship reasons) was the thirteenth edition of the US Open Series, which included a group of hard court tournaments that started on July 18, 2016 in Stanford and concluded in Connecticut for the women and in Winston Salem for the men on August 27, 2016. This edition consisted of three separate men's tournaments and three women's tournaments, with the Western & Southern Open hosting both a men's and women's event. The series was headlined by two ATP World Tour Masters 1000 and two WTA Premier 5 events.

Connecticut Open (tennis)
The Connecticut Open was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts under various names and in various venues from 1948 until 2019.

It was most recently a Women's Tennis Association (WTA) Premier Tournament on the WTA Tour, held annually at the Cullman-Heyman Tennis Center in New Haven, Connecticut, United States, just before the fourth and last Grand Slam tournament of the year, the US Open. From 2005 through 2010, the tournament was also part of the ATP World Tour 250 series of the ATP Tour.

In 2019, the tournament sanction was sold to APG, a sports and entertainment company, which transferred it to Zhengzhou, China.
Strait to Vegas
Strait to Vegas is a concert residency by country music artist George Strait at T-Mobile Arena on the Las Vegas Strip. It has included 17 weekends of concerts, beginning on April 22, 2016, and is scheduled to continue through at least December 3, 2022.

The residency was announced in a press conference on September 22, 2015 at MGM Grand Las Vegas. It was initially scheduled for four dates over two weekends, and has been extended several times since then.

Shows in April, July, and December of 2017 were branded as "2 Nights of Number 1s", with the setlist for each weekend consisting primarily of Strait's 60 chart-topping songs. The September 2017 shows focused on the soundtrack to Strait's film, Pure Country, in honor of its 25th anniversary.

Concert residency
A concert residency, or simply residency, is a series of concerts, similar to a concert tour, but performed at only one location. Pollstar defines a residency as a series of 10 or more shows in one venue. An artist who performs on a concert residency is called a resident performer. Concert residencies have been the staple of the Las Vegas Strip for decades, pioneered by singer-pianist Liberace in the 1940s and Frank Sinatra with the Rat Pack in the 1950s.

Celine Dion's A New Day..., from 2003 to 2007, is the most successful concert residency of all time, grossing over US$385 million ($583.83 million in 2024 dollars) and drawing nearly three million people to 717 shows. This commercial success was credited with changing and revitalizing Las Vegas residencies, which previously had the negative perception of something that performers resorted to when their careers were in decline. Dion is further recognized as the "Queen of Las Vegas".
Utian languages
Utian (also Miwok–Costanoan, Miwok–Ohlone or formerly Mutsun) is a family of Indigenous languages spoken in Northern California, United States. The Miwok and Ohlone peoples both spoke languages of the Utian language family. It has been argued that the Utian languages and Yokuts languages are sub-families of the Yok-Utian language family. Utian and Yokutsan have traditionally been considered part of the Penutian language phylum.

All Utian languages are severely endangered, extinct or revitalizing.

Yawelmani Yokuts
Yawelmani Yokuts (also spelled Yowlumne and Yauelmani) is an endangered dialect of Southern Valley Yokuts historically spoken by the Yokuts living along the Kern River north of Kern Lake in the Central Valley of California. Today, most Yawelmani speakers live on or near the Tule River Reservation.
Green Hydrogen Catapult
Green Hydrogen Catapult is a advocacy group focused on green hydrogen. Launched in 2020 by the United Nations, and supported by RMI, it agitates to bring the cost of green hydrogen (hydrogen produced using renewable power) below US$2 per kilogram (equivalent to $50 per megawatt hour) by 2026.

Although similar in objectives, the Green Hydrogen Catapult is unrelated to the Catapult centres of the United Kingdom.

Catapult centres
Catapult centres are a network of nine organisations set up by Innovate UK, an agency of the British government, to promote research and development (R&D) and to exploit market opportunities.

Catapult centres promote R&D and innovation through business-led collaboration between scientists, academics, engineers, entrepreneurs, industry leaders and Government. They receive grants from public funds but are also expected to seek commercial funding. The first centres were established in 2011.
Servant Foundation
The Servant Foundation, also known as The Signatry, is an American 501(c)(3) non-profit organization funded primarily by anonymous donors, that operates a donor-advised fund. It is best known for "He Gets Us", a religious advertising campaign that was first launched in 2022 and is no longer affiliated with Servant. The foundation describes its mission as being to "inspire and facilitate revolutionary, biblical generosity".

The Servant Foundation has been funded in part by the billionaire Green family, who are among fifty other families contributing millions of dollars to the foundation. The Servant Foundation has used that money to fund legislation that is anti-LGBTQ and anti-abortion. Contributions from the foundation to Christian organizations exceed a total amount of $65 million.

David Green (entrepreneur)
David Green (born November 13, 1941) is an American businessman and the founder of Hobby Lobby, a chain of arts and crafts stores. He is a major financial supporter of Evangelical organizations in the United States and funded the Museum of the Bible in Washington, D.C.
Kłóbka
Kłóbka [ˈkwupka] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lubień Kujawski, within Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland.

Maria Wodzińska, the artist known especially for having been the fiancée of Frédéric Chopin, spent the later part of her life in Kłóbka.

Kuyavian–Pomeranian Voivodeship
Kuyavian–Pomeranian Voivodeship (Polish: województwo kujawsko-pomorskie [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ kuˈjafskɔ pɔˈmɔrskʲɛ] ⓘ) is one of Poland's 16 voivodeships (provinces).

It was created on 1 January 1999 and is situated in mid-northern Poland, on the boundary between the two historic regions, from which it takes its name: Kuyavia (Polish: Kujawy) and Pomerania (Polish: Pomorze).

Its two chief cities, serving as the province's joint capitals, are Bydgoszcz and Toruń.
National responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in Africa
Africa's first confirmed case of COVID-19 was announced in Egypt on 14 February 2020. 
Many preventive measures have been implemented in different countries in Africa, including travel restrictions, flight cancellations, event cancellations, school closures, and border closures. Other measures to contain and limit the spread of the virus has included curfews, lockdowns, and enforcing the wearing of face masks.
The virus has spread throughout the continent. Lesotho, the last African sovereign state to have remained free of the virus, reported a case on 13 May 2020.

Lockdown
A lockdown (/ˈlɒkˌdaʊn/ ⓘ) is a restriction policy for people, community or a country to stay where they are, usually due to specific risks that could possibly harm the people if they move and interact freely.

The term is used for a prison protocol that usually prevents people, information or objects from leaving an area. The protocol can usually only be initiated by someone in a position of authority.

A lockdown can also be used to protect people inside a facility or, for example, a computing system, from a threat or other external event. In buildings doors leading outside are usually locked so that no person may enter or exit.
Urban Light
34°03′47″N 118°21′33″W﻿ / ﻿34.063097°N 118.359221°W﻿ / 34.063097; -118.359221

Urban Light (2008) is a large-scale assemblage sculpture by Chris Burden located at the Wilshire Boulevard entrance to the Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA). The 2008 installation consists of restored street lamps from the 1920s and 1930s. Most of them once lit the streets of Southern California.

Assemblage (art)
Assemblage is an artistic form or medium usually created on a defined substrate that consists of three-dimensional elements projecting out of or from the substrate. It is similar to collage, a two-dimensional medium. It is part of the visual arts and it typically uses found objects, but is not limited to these materials. The term also may be applied to free-standing works that have been assembled.