hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mycobacterium haemophilum
Mycobacterium haemophilum is a species of the phylum Actinomycetota (Gram-positive bacteria with high guanine and cytosine content, one of the dominant phyla of all bacteria), belonging to the genus Mycobacterium.

Ammonium ferric citrate
Ammonium ferric citrate (also known as ferric ammonium citrate or ammoniacal ferrous citrate) has the formula [NH4]{y}[Fe{x}(C6H4O7)]. The iron in this compound is trivalent. All three carboxyl groups and the central hydroxyl group of citric acid are deprotonated. A distinguishing feature of this compound is that it is very soluble in water, in contrast to ferric citrate which is not very soluble.

In its crystal structure each moiety of citric acid has lost four protons. The deprotonated hydroxyl group and two of the carboxylate groups ligate to the ferric center, while the third carboxylate group coordinates with the ammonium.
Torture (journal)
Torture: Journal on Rehabilitation of Torture Victims and Prevention of Torture is a peer-reviewed medical journal on rehabilitation of torture victims and prevention of torture, published triannually by the International Rehabilitation Council for Torture Victims.

MEDLINE
MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, or MEDLARS Online) is a bibliographic database of life sciences and biomedical information. It includes bibliographic information for articles from academic journals covering medicine, nursing, pharmacy, dentistry, veterinary medicine, and health care. MEDLINE also covers much of the literature in biology and biochemistry, as well as fields such as molecular evolution.

Compiled by the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), MEDLINE is freely available on the Internet and searchable via PubMed and NLM's National Center for Biotechnology Information's Entrez system.
Snow Goose Produce
Snow Goose Produce is a farm stand located on Fir Island in Skagit County, Washington.

The roadside farmers market is located in the Skagit Valley midway between the towns of Conway and La Conner. The seasonal stand sells local goods and produce such as organic vegetables, Dungeness crab, smoked salmon, and large scoops of ice cream.

The business is named after the migratory snow geese that winter on Fir Island and elsewhere in the Skagit River delta.

Farmers' market
A farmers' market (or farmers market according to the AP stylebook, also farmer's market in the Cambridge Dictionary) is a physical retail marketplace intended to sell foods directly by farmers to consumers. Farmers' markets may be indoors or outdoors and typically consist of booths, tables or stands where farmers sell their produce, live animals and plants, and sometimes prepared foods and beverages. Farmers' markets exist in many countries worldwide and reflect the local culture and economy. The size of the market may be just a few stalls or it may be as large as several city blocks. Due to their nature, they tend to be less rigidly regulated than retail produce shops.

They are distinguished from public markets, which are generally housed in permanent structures, open year-round, and offer a variety of non-farmer/non-producer vendors, packaged foods and non-food products.
USS Greer County
USS Greer County (LST-799) was a LST-542-class tank landing ship (LST) built for the United States Navy during World War II. She was named for Greer County, Oklahoma on 1 July 1955, and the only U.S. Naval vessel to bear the name.

Originally laid down as LST-799  by the Jeffersonville Boat & Machine Company of  Jeffersonville, Indiana on 25 August 1944; launched on 3 October, sponsored by Miss Mary R. Whalen; and commissioned at New Orleans, Louisiana on 21 October 1944.

Jeffersonville, Indiana
Jeffersonville is a city in and the county seat of Clark County, Indiana, United States, situated along the Ohio River. Locally, the city is often referred to by the abbreviated name Jeff. It lies directly across the Ohio River to the north of Louisville, Kentucky, along I-65. The population was 49,447 at the 2020 census.

Jeffersonville began its existence as a settlement around Fort Finney after 1786 and was named after Thomas Jefferson in 1801, the year he took office.
Henri-Antoine Jardon
Henri-Antoine Jardon (French pronunciation: [ɑ̃ʁi ɑ̃twan ʒaʁdɔ̃]; 3 February 1768 in Verviers, Liège (today part of Belgium) – 25 March 1809, São Martin do Campo, Santo Tirso, Portugal) was a French general of brigade. He served in the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars. As part of the Soult's Corps, he participated in the 2nd French invasion of Portugal in 1809, and was killed at the Battle of Braga.

Verviers
Verviers (French pronunciation: [vɛʁvje] ⓘ; Walloon: Vervî) is a city and municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Liège, Belgium.

The municipality consists of the following districts: Ensival, Heusy, Lambermont, Petit-Rechain, Stembert, and Verviers. It is also the center of an agglomeration that includes Dison and Pepinster, making it the second biggest in the province and an important regional center, located roughly halfway between Liège and the German border.

Water has played an important role in the town's economy, notably in the development first of its textile and later its tourist industries. As a result, many fountains have been built in Verviers, leading it to be named Wallonia's "Water Capital". The seats of the two Walloon public institutions for water distribution and water treatment are located in the town.
Paradorn Srichaphan
Paradorn Srichaphan (Thai: ภราดร ศรีชาพันธุ์; RTGS: Pharadon Sichaphan; pronounced [pʰā.rāː.dɔ̄ːn sǐː.t͡ɕʰāː.pʰān]; born 14 June 1979) is a Thai former professional tennis player. Srichaphan was the first player from Asia to be ranked in the world's top 10 of men's singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP), reaching a career high ranking of world No. 9. His nickname is "Ball". He graduated as a Bachelor of Social Science from Ramkhamhaeng University.

Bachelor of Social Science
The Bachelor of Social Science (BSocSc or BSocSci) is an undergraduate degree. It typically requires three to four years of study in the social sciences at an institution of higher education, primarily found in the Commonwealth of Nations.

It can be distinguished from other standard undergraduate degrees as the Bachelor of Social Science is only focused on theory, social statistics, quantitative and qualitative social research, the philosophy of social science and the scientific method.
Rostock Heath
Rostock Heath (German: Rostocker Heide) is a wood and heathland region northeast of the German city of Rostock. It has a total area of about 6000 hectares and, since 1252, has been owned by the Hanseatic city of Rostock.
As a result of its ownership of the Rostock Heath, Rostock is today one of the five largest communal woodland owners in Germany.

In the district of Rostock is the sub-district (Amt) of Rostocker Heide with its head office in the village of Gelbensande.

Rostocker Heide
Rostocker Heide is an Amt in the district of Rostock, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. The seat of the Amt is in Gelbensande.

The Amt Rostocker Heide consists of the following municipalities:

Bentwisch

Blankenhagen

Gelbensande

Mönchhagen

Rövershagen
Oromoid languages
The Oromoid languages are a branch of Lowland East Cushitic languages that includes the most populous Cushitic language, Oromo, and the closely related Konsoid dialect cluster. A distinguishing feature of Oromoid (and Omo-Tama) languages from other lowland East Cushitic languages is a distinct paradigm for negation.

Oromo

Oromo, Eastern Oromo, Borana, Orma, Waata

Konsoid (Konso–Gidole)

Konso, Dirasha (Gidole), Bussa (Mossiya), Mashile, Turo, Gato

Omo–Tana languages
The Omo–Tana languages are a branch of the Cushitic family and are spoken in Ethiopia, Djibouti, Somalia and Kenya. The largest member is Somali. There is some debate as to whether the Omo–Tana languages form a single group, or whether they are individual branches of Lowland East Cushitic. Blench (2006) restricts the name to the Western Omo–Tana languages, and calls the others Macro-Somali.
Battle of Peshawar (1001)
The Battle of Peshawar was fought on 27 November 1001 between the Ghaznavid army of Mahmud of Ghazni and the Hindu Shahi army of Jayapala, near Peshawar. Jayapala was defeated and captured, and as a result of the humiliation of the defeat, he later immolated himself in a funeral pyre. This is the first of many major battles in the expansion of the Ghaznavid Empire into the Indian subcontinent by Mahmud.

Jayapala
Jayapala was a ruler of the Hindu Shahi dynasty from 964 to 1001. He ruled over the area which stretched from Laghman in the west, to Kashmir in the east and from Sirhind to Multan. He was the son of Hutpal and the father of Anandapala. Epithets from the Bari Kot inscriptions record his full title as "Parama Bhattaraka Maharajadhiraja Sri Jayapaladeva".
Lucky Man (1995 film)
Lucky Man is a 1995 Indian Tamil-language fantasy comedy film directed by Pratap Pothen. The film stars Karthik, Goundamani, Senthil, and Sanghavi, while Manjula Vijayakumar, Radha Ravi, Vinu Chakravarthy, and Thyagu play supporting roles. It is a remake of the 1994 Telugu film Yamaleela. The film was released on 14 April 1995 and failed at the box office.

Sanghavi
Sanghavi  (born Kavya Ramesh) is an Indian former actress and a model known for her work predominantly in Tamil and Telugu films. She was one of the leading actresses in South Indian cinema from 1993 to 2004. In a career spanning 15 years, she has starred in over eighty feature films—38 in Telugu, 35 films in Tamil, eight in Kannada, two in Malayalam and one film in Hindi.
Anamoe
Anamoe  (foaled 16 November 2018) is a retired nine-time  Group 1 winning champion Australian thoroughbred racehorse and breeding stallion. Affectionately known as "The Big A", Anamoe is considered one of the most decorated Australian produced stallions ever. He is one of only two Australian horses to win Group 1 races at ages 2, 3 and 4 since the 1990s.  In 2023 he was named Australian Champion Racehorse of the Year.

Queen Elizabeth Stakes (ATC)
The Queen Elizabeth Stakes, formerly known as the Queen's Plate, AJC Plate, and  AJC King's Cup,  is an Australian Turf Club Group 1 Weight for Age thoroughbred horse race run over a distance of 2,000 metres at Randwick Racecourse, Sydney, Australia, in the autumn during the ATC Championships series. Prize money in 2013 was A$500,000 and was increased to A$4,000,000 in 2014 to become the richest race of the Sydney Autumn Carnival and as of 2020 the third richest WFA race in Australia (after the W. S. Cox Plate and the Everest).
Music of Utah
The cultural Music of Utah, while having been significantly influenced by the presence of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), includes several thriving local scenes and a large number of musicians across a variety of genres. That said, much of the distinctiveness of Utah's musical traditions has derived from the interaction between individuals of multiple beliefs in the uniquely religious context of the state.

Mindy Gledhill
Mindy Gledhill (born March 7, 1981) is an American singer-songwriter from Eureka, California who is best known for her songs "I Do Adore" and "Anchor". She is also known for her guest vocal work with DJ Kaskade.
Baby Shark's Big Show!
Baby Shark's Big Show! is an animated musical comedy children's television series based on the "Baby Shark" brand from The Pinkfong Company. Nickelodeon Animation Studio co-produces the show with Pinkfong.

In South Korea, Baby Shark's Big Show! debuted on the Educational Broadcasting System (EBS) with a Christmas special on December 25, 2020. From September 2021 onward, the series airs regularly on EBS1 on Wednesdays and Thursdays. In the United States, it premiered on Nickelodeon on December 11, 2020.

Nolan North
Nolan North (born October 31, 1970) is an American actor best known for his voice acting roles.

After his breakthrough role as Dr. Chris Ramsey on the ABC soap opera Port Charles in 1997, North moved into voice acting when the show ended in 2003 and has since become best known for his video game roles as Nathan Drake in the Uncharted series, Desmond Miles in the Assassin's Creed series, Merasmus in Team Fortress 2, the Prince in Prince of Persia, Dr. Edward Richtofen in the Call of Duty franchise, Deadpool in various Marvel Comics media, the Penguin in the Batman: Arkham franchise, Captain Martin Walker in Spec Ops: The Line, David in The Last of Us, himself as one of the voices for the player character in Saints Row IV, Iron Man in Marvel's Avengers, and Ghost in the Destiny video game series.

In animation, North voices Smokescreen on Transformers: Prime, Superboy on Young Justice, and the titular character in Blaze and the Monster Machines.
Bubble Nebula
The Bubble Nebula, also known as NGC 7635, Sharpless 162, or Caldwell 11, is an H II region emission nebula in the constellation Cassiopeia. It lies close to the open cluster Messier 52. The "bubble" is created by the stellar wind from a massive hot, 8.7 magnitude young central star, SAO 20575 (BD+60°2522). The nebula is near a giant molecular cloud which contains the expansion of the bubble nebula while itself being excited by the hot central star, causing it to glow. It was discovered in November 1787 by William Herschel. The star BD+60°2522 is thought to have a mass of about 44 M☉.

Molecular cloud
A molecular cloud—sometimes called a stellar nursery if star formation is occurring within—is a type of interstellar cloud of which the density and size permit absorption nebulae, the formation of molecules (most commonly molecular hydrogen, H2), and the formation of H II regions. This is in contrast to other areas of the interstellar medium that contain predominantly ionized gas.

Molecular hydrogen is difficult to detect by infrared and radio observations, so the molecule most often used to determine the presence of H2 is carbon monoxide (CO). The ratio between CO luminosity and H2 mass is thought to be constant, although there are reasons to doubt this assumption in observations of some other galaxies.

Within molecular clouds are regions with higher density, where much dust and many gas cores reside, called clumps. These clumps are the beginning of star formation if gravitational forces are sufficient to cause the dust and gas to collapse.
Five Oak Green
Five Oak Green is a village near Tonbridge, Kent in the Civil Parish of Capel.

The village was a centre for hop growing. In the 19th century, The Rose and Crown public house was converted to a hospital to treat the many hop pickers who resided in the village and its surroundings in the late summer. The public house was renamed "The Little Hoppers' Hospital" by a London priest, Richard Wilson,  who added to the house's sign "No beer sold here", so no one should have any doubt of its changed role.

The village oast house, the Moat Farm Oast, has been converted and now houses a number of businesses.

Humulus
Humulus, or hop, is a small genus of flowering plants in the family Cannabaceae. The hop is native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Hops are the female flowers (seed cones, strobiles) of the hop species H. lupulus; as a main flavor and aroma ingredient in many beer styles, H. lupulus is widely cultivated for use by the brewing industry.
1962–63 County Antrim Shield
The 1962–63 County Antrim Shield was the 74th edition of the County Antrim Shield, a cup competition in Northern Irish football.

Linfield won the tournament for the 27th time and 3rd consecutive season, defeating Bangor 4–0 in the final at Solitude.

County Antrim Shield
The County Antrim & District Football Association Senior Shield (more commonly known as the County Antrim Shield) is a football competition in Northern Ireland. The competition is open to senior teams who are members of the North East Ulster Football Association (also known as the County Antrim & District Football Association) (membership of which extends geographically beyond County Antrim itself), often plus intermediate teams who qualify via the Steel & Sons Cup, depending on the numbers required. For the 2010–11 and 2011-12 seasons, only the winners took part.

The current Shield holders are Carrick Rangers, who beat Cliftonville 4-2 on penalties in the 2025–26 final, winning the trophy for the first time since the 1992–93 season.
Newspeak (programming language)
Newspeak is a programming language and platform in the tradition of Smalltalk and Self being developed by a team led by Gilad Bracha. The platform includes an integrated development environment (IDE), a graphical user interface (GUI) library, and standard libraries. Starting in 2006, Cadence Design Systems funded its development and employed the main contributors, but ended funding in January 2009.

Cadence Design Systems
Cadence Design Systems, Inc. (stylized as cādence) is an American multinational technology and computational software company headquartered in San Jose, California.  Initially specialized in electronic design automation (EDA) software for the semiconductor industry, currently the company makes software and hardware for designing products such as integrated circuits, systems on chips (SoCs), printed circuit boards, and pharmaceutical drugs, also licensing intellectual property for the electronics, aerospace, defense and automotive industries.
Replicas (album)
Replicas is the second and final studio album by the English new wave band Tubeway Army, released on 6 April 1979 by Beggars Banquet Records. It followed their self-titled debut from the previous year. After this, Tubeway Army frontman Gary Numan would continue to release records under his own name, though the musicians in Tubeway Army would continue to work with him for some time. Replicas was the first album of what Numan later termed the "machine" phase of his career, preceding The Pleasure Principle (1979) and Telekon (1980), a collection linked by common themes of a dystopian science fiction future and transmutation of man/machine, coupled with an androgynous image and a synthetic rock sound.

Fuelled by a surprise No. 1 hit single, "Are 'Friends' Electric?", the album also reached No. 1 in the UK charts in July 1979 and was certified Gold by the BPI for sales in excess of 100,000 copies.

Transmutation of species
The Transmutation of species and transformism are 18th and early 19th-century ideas about the change of one species into another that preceded Charles Darwin's theory of evolution through natural selection. The French Transformisme was a term used by Jean Baptiste Lamarck in 1809 for his theory, and other 18th and 19th century proponents of pre-Darwinian evolutionary ideas included Denis Diderot, Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Erasmus Darwin, Robert Grant, and Robert Chambers, the anonymous author of the 1844 book Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation. Such ideas were associated with 18th century ideas of Deism and human progress. Opposition in the scientific community to these early theories of evolution, led by influential scientists like the anatomists Georges Cuvier and Richard Owen, and the geologist Charles Lyell, was intense. The debate over them was an important stage in the history of evolutionary thought and influenced the subsequent reaction to Darwin's theory.
Snowflake data breach
The Snowflake data breach refers to a large-scale cybersecurity incident in 2024 involving unauthorized access to customer cloud environments hosted on Snowflake Inc., a cloud-based data and AI platform.
 The breach affected numerous high-profile clients and has been regarded as one of the most significant data security incidents of the decade.

Snowflake Inc.
Snowflake Inc. is an American cloud-based data platform company founded in San Mateo, California, and headquartered in Bozeman, Montana. It operates a platform that supports data analysis and simultaneous access to data sets with minimal latency. It operates on Amazon Web Services, Microsoft Azure, and Google Cloud Platform.
Joshua Commanding the Sun to Stand Still upon Gibeon
Joshua Commanding the Sun to Stand Still upon Gibeon is an 1816 biblical landscape painting by the British artist John Martin. It depicts Joshua the Israelite leader coming to the assistance of the besieged city of Gibeon. He appeals to God to halt the Sun in order to give his army more time to fight by daylight, as recounted in the Hebrew Bible book of Joshua. Romantic in style, it was Martin's breakthrough picture, receiving praise both when it was shown at the Royal Academy's Summer Exhibition of 1816 at Somerset House and when it appeared at the British Institution the following year.

Today it is in the collection of the National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C., having been acquired in 2004.

Somerset House
Somerset House is a large neoclassical building complex situated on the south side of the Strand in central London, overlooking the River Thames, just east of Waterloo Bridge. The Georgian era quadrangle is built on the site of a Tudor palace ("Old Somerset House") originally belonging to the Duke of Somerset. The present Somerset House was designed by Sir William Chambers, begun in 1776, and was further extended with Victorian era outer wings to the east and west in 1831 and 1856 respectively. The site of Somerset House stood directly on the River Thames until the Victoria Embankment was built in the late 1860s.

The great Georgian era structure was built to be a grand public building housing various government and public-benefit society offices. Its present tenants are a mixture of various organisations, generally centred around the arts and education.
Letter of Forty-Two
The Letter of Forty-Two (Russian: Письмо́ сорока́ двух) was an open letter signed by forty-two Russian literati, aimed at Russian society, the president and government, in reaction to the 1993 Russian constitutional crisis. It was published in the newspaper Izvestia on 5 October 1993 under the title "Writers demand decisive actions of the government."

Intellectual
An intellectual is a person who engages in critical thinking, research, and reflection about the nature of reality, especially the nature of society and proposed solutions for its normative problems. Coming from the world of culture, either as a creator or as a mediator, the intellectual participates in politics, either to defend a concrete proposition or to denounce an injustice, usually by either rejecting, producing or extending an ideology, and by defending a system of values.
Galen Crew
Galen Michael Crew (born July 11, 1990) is an American singer-songwriter, musician, and music producer. In 2015, his songs went viral throughout China and they since have been streamed hundreds of millions of times on Chinese music platforms including NetEase and Xiami. In response to his following in China, Crew has often toured the country beginning in 2016 including a January 2024 trip. His music video for the single "Fragrance" was filmed in Shanghai, China and has footage from concerts in other cities in the country. The single "Princess" from his solo album Better than a Fairy Tale has been featured on ABC's Good Morning America. In 2020, Crew made a guest appearance in the music video for the Newsboys single "Love One Another." He has written and toured with Phil Joel, Roger Cook, Kelsea Ballerini and other Nashville artists. Crew's latest, fourth studio LP, Troubadour, was released November 22, 2023.

Newsboys
Newsboys (sometimes stylised as newsboys) is a Christian rock band that has existed in various permutations since its founding in 1985 in Mooloolaba, Queensland, Australia, by Peter Furler and George Perdikis. Now based in Nashville, Tennessee, in the United States, the band has released 17 studio albums, six of which have been certified gold. As of 2025, the band consists of guitarist Jody Davis, keyboardist Jeff Frankenstein, drummer, and percussionist Duncan Phillips, and lead vocalist, and bassist Adam Agee (formerly of Stellar Kart and Audio Adrenaline); no founding members remain in the lineup. In addition to performing music, the band has appeared in the films God's Not Dead, God's Not Dead 2, and God's Not Dead: A Light in Darkness.