hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charles Wesley Colter
Charles Wesley Colter (February 26, 1846 – July 25, 1929) was a lawyer, publisher and political figure in Ontario, Canada. He represented Haldimand in the House of Commons of Canada from 1886 to 1887 and from 1889 to 1890 as a Liberal member.

Haldimand (federal electoral district)
Haldimand was a federal electoral district in the province of Ontario, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1892 and from 1904 to 1953. It was created by the British North America Act 1867.

It initially consisted of the Townships of Oneida, Seneca, Cayuga North, Cayuga South, Rainham, Walpole, and Dunn. In 1872, the Township of Dunn was excluded from the riding. In 1882, it was defined to consist of the townships of Walpole, Oneida, Rainham, Seneca and North Cayuga, and the villages of Cayuga and Caledonia.

The electoral district was abolished in 1892 when it was merged into Haldimand and Monck riding.

Haldimand riding was recreated in 1903, consisting of the county of Haldimand.

The electoral district was abolished in 1952 when it was merged into Brant—Haldimand riding.
Rumex venosus
Rumex venosus is a species of flowering plant in the knotweed family known by the common names veiny dock, winged dock, sand dock, and wild-begonia (though it is not related to the genus Begonia). While not of any particular agricultural use, its cousins rhubarb and buckwheat are. It is native to central and western North America, from southern parts of the Canadian prairies, through to Mexico.

It can be found in many types of habitat, including sagebrush, dunes, and other sandy areas. It is commonly found in heavily grazed pastures as livestock tend to avoid it, allowing veiny dock to spread uninhibited. It is a common food plant of the ruddy copper butterfly.

Begonia
Begonia  is a genus of perennial flowering plants in the family Begoniaceae. The genus contains more than 2,000 different plant species, distributed primarily across tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Asia, and Central and South America, with Africa considered the center of origin. Some species are commonly grown indoors as ornamental houseplants in cooler climates, or cultivated outside in summertime for their bright colorful flowers, which have petals but no sepals.
Marwan Hamdy
Marwan Hamdy Mehany Abdelhamid (Arabic: مروان حمدي مهني عبد الحميد; born 15 November 1996) is an Egyptian professional footballer who plays as a striker for Egyptian Premier League club Pyramids FC and the Egypt national team.

Pyramids FC
Pyramids Football Club (Arabic: نادي بيراميدز لكرة القدم or نادي الأهرام لكرة القدم) is an Egyptian professional football club based in New Cairo, Cairo Governorate, The club is mainly known for its professional team, that competes in the Egyptian Premier League, the highest league in the Egyptian football league system. Formed in 2008 as Al Assiouty Sport in Assiut, the club was bought and moved to Cairo by Turki Al-Sheikh in 2018. Later on, Salem Al Shamsi purchased the club in July 2019.
Graphis desquamescens
Graphis desquamescens is a species of script lichen in the family Graphidaceae. It has a broad distribution and can be found in various countries including Brazil, Dominica, the United States, Mexico, and Japan. It also occurs in different parts of Australia such as Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, and Tasmania. It was reported as new to Myanmar in 2020.

There has been little agreement in the literature as to the length of the ascospores in this species; they have been given various ranges extending from 18 μm to as high as 50 μm; the ascospores of the lectotype specimen have a reported range of 25–35 μm.

The novel pigment named graphisquinone was isolated from cultures of the spore-derived mycobionts of this lichen.

Biological pigment
A biological pigment, also known simply as a pigment or biochrome, is a substance produced by living organisms that have a color resulting from selective color absorption. Biological pigments include plant pigments and flower pigments. Many biological structures, such as skin, eyes, feathers, fur and hair contain pigments such as melanin in specialized cells called chromatophores. In some species, pigments accrue over very long periods during an individual's lifespan.

Pigment color differs from structural color in that it is the same for all viewing angles, whereas structural color is the result of selective reflection or iridescence, usually because of multilayer structures. For example, butterfly wings typically contain structural color, although many butterflies have cells that contain pigment as well.
Trevor Randall
Trevor Randall (born 20 August 1940) is a former  Australian rules footballer who played with Hawthorn in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Randall captain-coached Rochester to runners up in 1964 and 1965 in the Bendigo Football League.

His father, Viv Randall also played for Hawthorn, and his granddaughter, Pepa Randall plays football in the AFL Women's league.

Rochester Football Club
The Rochester Football Netball Club, nicknamed the Tigers, is an Australian rules football and netball club, based in the town of Rochester, Victoria. Its teams currently play in the Goulburn Valley League, where Rochester played for the first time in 1913.
Elvis, Barbra & jag
Elvis, Barbra & jag is a cover album by Swedish pop singer Carola Häggkvist, consisting of remakes of songs by Elvis Presley and Barbra Streisand. Carola interpreted the songs live on 3 July 2010 in Dalarna. The Swedish television station TV4 broadcast the event and it had a great success. A DVD of the live show reached the top of the DVDs Chart in Sweden, which encouraged her to record some of the songs she sang during the show in studio.

The album, crediting the performer as just Carola rather than the full name Carola Häggkvist, was released on 23 March 2011 on X5 Music Group and reached the top of the Swedish Albums Chart on the chart dated 22 April 2011.

TV4 (Swedish TV channel)
TV4 (TV fyra) is a Swedish free-to-air television network owned by TV4 AB, a subsidiary of the TV4 Media AB. It started broadcasting by satellite in 1990 and, since 1992, on terrestrial television. In 1994, TV4 became the largest channel and remained so for a number of years. The two channels of Sveriges Television (SVT) lost more and more viewers for a couple of years. After making schedule changes in 2001, SVT1 had practically the same numbers of viewers as TV4. From 2004 to 2019, the TV4 Group was a fully active member of the European Broadcasting Union.
Roundabout interchange
A roundabout interchange is a type of interchange between a controlled access highway, such as a motorway or freeway, and a minor road. The slip roads to and from the motorway carriageways converge at a single roundabout, which is grade-separated from the motorway lanes with bridges.

M1 motorway
The M1 motorway connects London to Leeds, where it joins the A1(M) near Aberford, to connect to Newcastle. It was the first inter-urban motorway to be completed in the UK; the first motorway in the country was the Preston Bypass, which later became part of the M6.

The motorway is 193 miles (311 km) long and was constructed in four phases. Most of the motorway was opened between 1959 and 1968. The southern end was extended in 1977 and the northern end was extended in 1999.

It is also the second longest motorway in the country with the M6 motorway being the longest at 232 miles (373 km).
Newville Historic District
The Newville Historic District is a national historic district which is located in Newville, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania. The district is bordered roughly by Cove Alley, Big Spring Creek, the right-of-way for the Cumberland Valley Railroad, and Washington Street, and encompasses 414 contributing buildings, one contributing site, and two contributing objects in the central business district and surrounding residential areas of Newville.

Cumberland County, Pennsylvania
Cumberland County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 259,469. Its county seat is Carlisle. Cumberland County is included in the Harrisburg–Carlisle metropolitan statistical area. The county is part of the South Central region of the commonwealth.
Andrew David McLachlan
Andrew David McLachlan FRS (25 January 1935 – 8 July 2022) was a British scientist who worked in the areas of theoretical chemistry and molecular biology.

McLachlan studied mathematics at Cambridge before moving in to theoretical chemistry where his research was concerned with electron spin. Following time at Cambridge and Caltech, he made the move in to molecular biology at the MRC LMB in 1967. There he initially worked with Max Perutz on haemoglobin, before moving on to studying the sequence and structure of other protein types (such as muscle protein tropomyosin). He retired in 2006.

McLachlan was elected Fellow of the Royal Society in 1989.

Theoretical chemistry
Theoretical chemistry is the branch of chemistry which develops theoretical generalizations that are part of the theoretical arsenal of modern chemistry: for example, the concepts of chemical bonding, chemical reaction, valence, the surface of potential energy, molecular orbitals, orbital interactions, and molecule activation.
Suva City (Indian Communal Constituency, Fiji)
Suva City Indian Communal is a former electoral division of Fiji, one of 19 communal constituencies reserved for Indo-Fijians. Established by the 1997 Constitution, it came into being in 1999 and was used for the parliamentary elections of 1999, 2001, and 2006. (Of the remaining 52 seats, 27 were reserved for other ethnic communities and 25, called Open Constituencies, were elected by universal suffrage). The electorate covered the nucleus of Suva City, Fiji's capital.

The 2013 Constitution promulgated by the Military-backed interim government abolished all constituencies and established a form of proportional representation, with the entire country voting as a single electorate.

1997 Constitution of Fiji
The 1997 Constitution of Fiji was the supreme law of Fiji from its adoption in 1997 until 2009 when President Josefa Iloilo purported to abrogate it. It was also suspended for a period following the 2000 coup d'état led by George Speight.
Outerra
Outerra s.r.o is a Slovak computer software company best known for its middleware 3D planetary graphics engine, called Outerra engine, in development since 2008. The engine renders high-quality terrain, terrain texturing, flora and water flow normal maps using relatively sparse and highly compressed data through fractal processing and other types of procedural generation. The game Anteworld uses real world data to create a virtual replica of planet Earth.

Normal mapping
In 3D computer graphics, normal mapping, or Dot3 bump mapping, is a texture mapping technique used for faking the lighting of bumps and dents – an implementation of bump mapping. It is used to add details without using more polygons. A common use of this technique is to greatly enhance the appearance and details of a low polygon model by generating a normal map from a high polygon model or height map.

Normal maps are commonly stored as regular RGB images where the RGB components correspond to the X, Y, and Z coordinates, respectively, of the surface normal.
The Voice Kids (French TV series) season 11
The eleventh season of French The Voice Kids is a talent show broadcast on TF1, which premiered on 30 August 2025. Of the coaches from the previous season, only Patrick Fiori returned this season, marking his tenth season as a coach. In the meantime, former coaches Soprano and Matt Pokora returned as coaches after last coaching in the seventh and fourth seasons, respectively. Additionally, Santa debuted as a coach this season. Karine Ferri and Nikos Aliagas both returned the hosts of the season.

Charlotte Deseigne from Team Patrick won the season on 4 October, marking Patrick Fiori's fifth win as a coach. With Deseigne's win, Fiori became the second most winning coach on the French version of The Voice, after Florent Pagny.

Talent show
A talent show or talent contest is an event in which participants perform the arts of singing, dancing, lip-syncing, acting, martial arts, playing an instrument, poetry, comedy or other activities to showcase skills. Many talent shows are performances rather than contests, but some are actual contests. In the instance of a contest, participants may be motivated to perform for a reward, trophy, or prize of some kind. For example, a high school might not have many students with any interest in performing in front of the student body for the sole purpose of performing alone and may offer different prizes as an incentive for these students to participate in the contest.
Purushothaman
Purushothaman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arun Prabu Purushothaman, Indian film director

D. Purushothaman, Indian politician

E. Purushothaman, Indian civil servant

Kamukara Purushothaman (1930 1995), Indian singer

K. M. Purushothaman, Indian civil servant

M. K. Purushothaman (died 2013), Indian politician

Murali Purushothaman, Indian judge

P. Purushothaman (c. 1948–2019), Indian politician

Shoba Purushothaman, Malaysian entrepreneur

Suguna Purushothaman (1941–2015), Indian vocalist

T. G. Purushothaman (born 1979), Indian footballer

Vakkom Purushothaman (1928–2023), Indian politician

V. N. Purushothaman (1909–1990), Indian politician

Vakkom Purushothaman
Vakkom B. Purushothaman (12 April 1928 – 31 July 2023) was an Indian politician who served as the Governor of Mizoram from 2011 to 2014, Speaker of the Kerala Legislative Assembly, state minister and  Lieutenant Governor of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

Vakkom B. Purushothaman was born at Vakkom near Trivandrum, the capital of the erstwhile Kingdom of Travancore, on 12 April 1928, as the eldest son of Bhanu Panicker and Bhavani Amma. He was also the grandson of Pappu Tharakan, a notable businessman in Travancore.

He started his political life as an active worker of the Students' Congress (now called Kerala Students Union) in 1946, he became a member of Vakkom Panchayat in 1953. Later, he served as President of the District Congress Committee, Thiruvananthapuram and the General Secretary and Vice–President of the Kerala Pradesh Congress Committee. He has been a member of All India Congress Committee for over 35 years.
Me and the Mosque
Me and the Mosque is a 2005 Canadian documentary film by Zarqa Nawaz about the efforts of Muslim women in North America to pray in mosques, and the use of partitions to conceal women from male worshippers.

In the documentary, Nawaz speaks with women from Canadian Islamic communities in British Columbia, Saskatchewan, Manitoba and Ontario. In the U.S., she attends an Islamic Society of North America conference in Chicago, and speaks with journalist and activist Asra Nomani, activist Aminah Assilmi as well as author and speaker Tareq Al-Suwaidan about the role of women in Islam. Nawaz often takes a humorous approach to her subject matter; the film also incorporates animated sequences.

The film was produced as part of a National Film Board of Canada competition for emerging filmmakers of colour, in partnership with CBC Newsworld.

Tareq Al-Suwaidan
Tareq Mohammed Al-Suwaidan (Arabic: طارق محمد السويدان; born September 15, 1953) is a Kuwaiti (On Sunday 07/12/2025 Emiri decree had been issued to withdraw the citizenship of Tariq Al-Suwaidan), he is an Islamic author and speaker, and businessman. He has been among the 500 Most Influential Muslims in 2022, 2023 and 2024.

He has written many religious, historical and management books and several of his books were translated into English and French.
Mount Cobb
Mount Cobb is the name of several places:

In Australia

Mount Cobb (Australia), a mountain in South Australia

In Canada

Mount Cobb (British Columbia), a mountain on Vancouver Island

In New Zealand

Mount Cobb, New Zealand, a mountain in the Tasman Region

In the United States

Mount Cobb, Pennsylvania, a township in Lackawanna County

Mount Cobb (Vermont), a mountain in Washington County

Mount Cobb (British Columbia)
Mount Cobb is a mountain on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, located 22 km (14 mi) east of Gold River and 2 km (1 mi) southwest of Mount Filberg.

Mount Cobb is a member of the Vancouver Island Ranges which in turn form part of the Insular Mountains.
Barrington, New Jersey
Barrington is a borough in Camden County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 7,075, an increase of 92 (+1.3%) from the 2010 census count of 6,983, which in turn reflected a decline of 101 (-1.4%) from the 7,084 counted in the 2000 census.

The area became known as "Barrington" in the 1880s, when William Simpson, one of the partners that developed the area, chose the name from his home in Great Barrington, Massachusetts.

Barrington was incorporated as a borough on March 27, 1917, from portions of the now-defunct Centre Township, based on the results of a referendum held on April 17, 1917. Portions of the borough were taken on March 24, 1926, to form Lawnside.

The borough had the 30th-highest property tax rate in New Jersey, with an equalized rate of 4.069% in 2020, compared to 3.470% in the county as a whole and a statewide average of 2.279%.

Great Barrington, Massachusetts
Great Barrington is a town in Berkshire County, Massachusetts, United States. It is part of the Pittsfield, Massachusetts, Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 7,172 at the 2020 census. Both a summer resort and home to Ski Butternut, a ski resort, Great Barrington includes the villages of Great Barrington, Van Deusenville, and Housatonic.
Rudra Pratap
Rudra Pratap is an Indian academician and the vice-chancellor of Plaksha University, Mohali. Previously, he was a professor of mechanical engineering at the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore. Among other research interests, he works in the field of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and used to head India's first research lab in the field of MEMS, the CranesSci MEMS Lab at the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. His book on MATLAB Getting Started with MATLAB 7 is popular among the students of engineering. He is also the chair for the Centre of Nanoscience and Engineering (CeNSE).

Pratap is an associate editor of Shock and Vibration Journal, which publishes articles on various aspects of  shocks and vibration including vibration measurements, vibration condition monitoring, shock hardening, fluid-structure interaction, impact biodynamics, vehicle dynamics, and gun dynamics.

Mohali
Mohali, officially Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar or  Ajitgarh, is a planned city in the Mohali district in Punjab, India, which is an administrative and a commercial hub lying south-west of Chandigarh. It is the headquarters of the Mohali district and one of the six Municipal Corporations of the State. It is officially named after Sahibzada Ajit Singh, the eldest son of Guru Gobind Singh.

Mohali has developed rapidly as an IT hub of the state of Punjab, and has thus grown in importance. 
The Government of Punjab has initiated significant infrastructure and recreation projects in attempts to increase the standard of living in Mohali. Roads have been built to create networks between Mohali and Chandigarh International Airport to boost its international connectivity.

Mohali was earlier a part of the Rupnagar district and was carved out and made a part of a separate district in 2006.
Konstantinos Papazoglou
Konstantinos Papazoglou (alternate spellings: Kostas Papazoglou, Greek: Κωνσταντίνος or Κώστας, Παπάζογλου; born March 18, 1984) is a Greek professional basketball coach. He was most recently the head coach for Löwen Braunschweig of the Basketball Bundesliga (BBL). He graduated from Aristotelian University's Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences in 2005, majoring in basketball coaching.

The Basketball Tournament
The Basketball Tournament (TBT) is an open-invitation, single-elimination tournament played each summer in the United States, with the stakes being a cash prize (the most recent tournament in 2025 had a $1 million purse going to the winners). The number of teams playing in the tournament has varied since its establishment, but in recent years has settled into a 64-team field.

The event was founded in 2014 by real estate developer and TV producer Jonathan Mugar, and as of 2025, the tournament airs in the U.S. on Fox and its sister network Fox Sports 1 (FS1).
Băbeni oil field
The Băbeni oil field is an oil field located in Băbeni, Vâlcea County. It was discovered in 1974 and developed by Petrom. It began production in 1975 and produces oil and natural gas. The total proven reserves of the Băbeni oil field are around 517 million barrels (69.5 million tonnes), and production is centered on 2,000 barrels per day (320 m3/d).

Petroleum reservoir
A petroleum reservoir or oil and gas reservoir is a subsurface accumulation of hydrocarbons contained in porous or fractured rock formations. Such reservoirs form when kerogen (ancient plant matter) is created in surrounding rock by the presence of high heat and pressure in the Earth's crust.

Reservoirs are broadly classified as conventional and unconventional reservoirs. In conventional reservoirs, the naturally occurring hydrocarbons, such as crude oil (petroleum) or natural gas, are trapped by overlying rock formations with lower permeability, while in unconventional reservoirs the rocks have high porosity and low permeability, which keeps the hydrocarbons trapped in place, therefore not requiring a cap rock. Reservoirs are found using hydrocarbon exploration methods.
Juhan Aavik
Juhan Aavik  (29 January 1884 – 26 November 1982) was an Estonian composer.

Aavik was born in Holstre, Kreis Fellin, Governorate of Livonia, Russian Empire. He studied music composition at the Saint Petersburg Conservatory. He later served as a conductor in Tartu, Governorate of Livonia (1911–1925), a musical conservatory professor and director in Tallinn (1928–1944), and an Estonian song festival conductor in Sweden (1948–1961) (after arriving there in 1944). He wrote nearly 200 Opus numbers, among them two symphonies; a Cello concerto (1949); a Double bass Concerto (1950); a Piano trio (1957); a Requiem (1959); and various choral works, songs and chamber music. In Stockholm at age 81 (1965–1969), he published a history of Estonian music in four volumes. He died in Stockholm.

Symphony
A symphony is an extended musical composition in Western classical music, most often for orchestra. Although the term has had many meanings from its origins in the ancient Greek era, by the late 18th century the word had taken on the meaning common today: a work usually consisting of multiple distinct sections or movements, often four, with the first movement in sonata form. Symphonies are almost always scored for an orchestra consisting of a string section (violin, viola, cello, and double bass), brass, woodwind, and percussion instruments which altogether number about 30 to 100 musicians. Symphonies are notated in a musical score, which contains all the instrument parts. Orchestral musicians play from parts which contain just the notated music for their own instrument. Some symphonies also contain vocal parts (e.g., Beethoven's Ninth Symphony, or Mahler's Second Symphony).