hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fairfield School
Fairfield School can refer to:

Fairfield Grammar School, a closed school in Bristol, England

Fairfield High School (Bristol), a state secondary school in Bristol, England

Fairfield Public School, a school in Sydney, Australia

Fairfield School (Dunedin), a school in Dunedin, New Zealand

Fairfield Grammar School
Fairfield Grammar School was a secondary school in Bristol, England, founded in 1898 as Fairfield Secondary and Higher Grade School. It became a grammar school in 1945 and closed in 2000, to be replaced by a new comprehensive, Fairfield High School, at first on the same site, but now located in Stottbury Road, Bristol. BHES (Bristol Hospital Education Service), is now based in half of the old school, the other half is now Fairlawn Primary School.
Military of the Jin dynasty (1115–1234)
The military of the Jin dynasty (Chinese: 金朝; pinyin: Jīn cháo), officially known as the Great Jin (大金; Dà Jīn), was the military force of an imperial dynasty of China, founded by rulers of Jurchen origin, that ruled over northern China between 1115 and 1234.

In Empire of The Steppes, René Grousset reports that the Mongols were always amazed at the valour of the Jurchen warriors, who held out until seven years after the death of Genghis Khan. The Jin dynasty's standing forces numbered at approximately half a million, the largest in the world at the time, circa 1195. In the view of some scholars such as H. D. Martin, they were also the most powerful force at the time.

René Grousset
René Grousset (French pronunciation: [ʁəne ɡʁusɛ]; 5 September 1885 – 12 September 1952) was a French historian who was curator of both the Cernuschi Museum and the Guimet Museum in Paris and a member of the prestigious Académie française. He wrote several major works on Asiatic and Oriental civilizations, with his two most important works being Histoire des croisades et du royaume franc de Jérusalem (1934–1936) and The Empire of the Steppes: A History of Central Asia (1939), both of which were considered standard references on the subject.
Pearl River, Louisiana
Pearl River is a town in St. Tammany Parish in the U.S. state of Louisiana. The population was 2,506 at the 2010 U.S. census, and 2,618 at the 2020 population estimates program. It is part of the New Orleans–Metairie–Kenner metropolitan statistical area.

Kenner, Louisiana
Kenner is a city in the U.S. state of Louisiana. It is the most populous city in Jefferson Parish, and is the largest incorporated suburb of New Orleans. The population was 66,448 at the 2020 census, making it the sixth-most populous city in Louisiana.
Susman Brothers
Susman Brothers was a business partnership that united brothers Elie Susman and Harry Susman after they crossed the Zambezi river in 1901. The brothers were Jewish businessmen from  Rietavas, western part of Russian Empire, now Lithuania. They founded, owned, and operated several large businesses in Africa. Elie Susman, the younger of the two, was the founder of Susman Brothers. However, it was not until 1907 that the business name of "E. Susman" was changed to "Susman Brothers".

Retail stores in Northern Rhodesia (now Zambia) date to the Susman brothers. Their business empire lasted over a century by overcoming logistical difficulties, physically challenging obstacles, and political changes. They developed an extensive trading, transport and ranching network, which stretched from Botswana to the Democratic Republic of the Congo.  Though they operated in many different places, their main focus was always the country now known as Zambia.

Ndola
Ndola is the third largest city in Zambia in terms of size and population, with a population of 627,503 (2022 census), after the capital, Lusaka, and Kitwe, and the second largest in terms of infrastructure development after Lusaka. It is the industrial and commercial center of the Copperbelt, Zambia's copper-mining region, and capital of Copperbelt Province. It lies just 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from the border with DR Congo. It is also home to Zambia's first modern stadium, the Levy Mwanawasa Stadium.
Gangster State
Gangster State: Unravelling Ace Magashule's Web of Capture (2019) is a book by Pieter-Louis Myburgh, a South African investigative journalist.  The book is an account of Ace Magashule's rise to power as premier of the Free State and his impact on both the African National Congress (ANC) and the South African government.

Premier of the Free State
The premier of the Free State is the  head of government of the Free State province of South Africa. The current premier of the Free State is Maqueen Letsoha-Mathae, who was elected on 14 June 2024. She is a member of the African National Congress.
Metalasia serrulata
Metalasia serrulata is a semi-shrub that is part of the Asteraceae family. The species is endemic to South Africa and occurs in the Western Cape in the Groot Winterhoek and the Witzenberg. The species is part of the fynbos and occurs at altitudes of 800-850 m. The species is threatened by invasive plants.

Witzenberg Local Municipality
Witzenberg Municipality (Afrikaans: Witzenberg Munisipaliteit; Xhosa: uMasipala wase Witzenberg) is a local municipality located within the Cape Winelands District Municipality, in the Western Cape province of South Africa. As of 2022 it had a population of 103,765.
Falkland sprat
The Fueguian sprat or Falkland sprat (Sprattus fuegensis) is a herring-like, marine fish in the family Clupeidae found in the subtropical southwest Atlantic Ocean from 40° S to Tierra del Fuego and the Falkland Islands. Its depth range is from the surface to 10 m, and its length is up to 18 cm.

The Fueguian sprat has a lower jaw slightly projecting, and a gill cover without bony radiating striae.  The last two anal fin rays are not enlarged, and there are no dark spots on the flanks.  The pterotic bulla is absent.  It is a schooling species found in coastal waters, and a food item of hakes, sea birds and seals in Patagonian Falkland waters.

Coloration is dark blue dorsally and silvery white laterally and ventrally, and all fins are translucent.

Clupeidae
Clupeidae is a family of clupeiform ray-finned fishes, comprising, for instance, the herrings and sprats. Many members of the family have a body protected with shiny cycloid (very smooth and uniform) scales, a single dorsal fin, and a fusiform body for quick, evasive swimming and pursuit of prey composed of small planktonic animals. Due to their small size and position in the lower trophic level of many marine food webs, the levels of methylmercury they bioaccumulate are very low, reducing the risk of mercury poisoning when consumed.

The earliest known fossil members of this group are the stem-clupeids Italoclupea and Lecceclupea from the late Campanian/early Maastrichtian of Italy.
Sean Yazbeck
Sean Yazbeck is a British-American businessman. He is the founder of multiple enterprise software and technology services companies. He is the winner of the fifth season of Donald Trump's reality show, The Apprentice.

Enterprise software
Enterprise software, also known as enterprise application software (EAS), is computer software that has been specially developed or adapted to meet the complex requirements of larger organizations. Enterprise software is an integral part of a computer-based information system, handling a number of business operations, for example to enhance business and management reporting tasks, or support production operations and back office functions. Enterprise systems must process information at a relatively high speed.

Services provided by enterprise software are typically business-oriented tools. As companies and other organizations have similar departments and systems, enterprise software is often available as a suite of customizable programs. Function-specific enterprise software uses include database management, customer relationship management, supply chain management and business process management.
The Pinnacle, Battle of Okinawa
The Pinnacle was the name given to a 30-foot-tall (9.1 m) spire, atop a 450-foot-tall (140 m) ridge of coral approximately 1,000 yards (910 m) southwest of Arakachi, Okinawa.: 107   Heavily fortified by the 62nd Division, this outpost to Japan's main defenses at Shuri held up the U.S. 7th Infantry Division on 5–6 April 1945 with accurate and well-concealed machine gun, mortar and artillery fire.

Shuri, Okinawa
Shuri (首里; Okinawan: スイ Sui or Shui, Northern Ryukyuan: しより Shiyori) is a district of the city of Naha, Okinawa, Japan. Formerly a separate city in and of itself, it was once the royal capital of the Ryūkyū Kingdom, hence the name. A number of famous historical sites are located in Shuri, including Shuri Castle, the Shureimon gate, Sunuhyan-utaki (a sacred space of the native Ryukyuan religion), and royal mausoleum Tamaudun, all of which are designated World Heritage Sites by UNESCO.

Originally established as a castle town surrounding the royal palace, Shuri ceased to be the capital when the kingdom was annexed and incorporated into Japan as Okinawa prefecture. In 1896, Shuri was made a ward (区, ku) of the new prefectural capital, Naha, though it was made a separate city again in 1921. In 1954, it was merged again into Naha.
Engineer (band)
Engineer is an American sludge metal band from Syracuse, New York. Featuring the brothers Bob, Brad, and Ryan Gorham, as well as the drummer Mike AuClair, the band released their debut EP Suffocation of the Artisan in 2004 on Four Leaf Recordings. In 2005 they teamed up with Hex Records for a split release with labelmates Achilles.  After touring the East Coast, and meeting Mike Hill (Anodyne) who ran Black Box Recordings, they released a split 7" with McCarthy Blacklist. Their follow-up record, Reproach, was released in January 2006 on Hex records. Signing to Black Market Activities in 2007, the band released The Dregs and Crooked Voices in 2007 and 2011, respectively.

Engineer's music has been labeled as sludge metal, hardcore punk and metalcore. The band's third studio album, Crooked Voices, experimented with inventive song structures and arrangements, while integrating a heavier emphasis on melody and noise rock elements.

Noise rock
Noise rock is a subgenre of rock music that originally emerged in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Artists fuse rock music to noise, while utilizing extreme levels of guitar distortion and feedback, primarily through the use of electric guitars.
Sugarloaf Rock (Curtis Group)
Sugarloaf Rock is a small granite island, with an area of 1.07 ha, in south-eastern Australia.  It is part of Tasmania’s Curtis Group, lying in northern Bass Strait between the Furneaux Group and Wilsons Promontory in Victoria.

Wilsons Promontory
Wilsons Promontory, colloquially known as Wilsons Prom or The Prom, is a peninsula that forms the southernmost part of the Australian mainland, located in the state of Victoria.

South Point at 39°08′06″S 146°22′32″E﻿ / ﻿39.13500°S 146.37556°E﻿ / -39.13500; 146.37556 is the southernmost tip of Wilsons Promontory and hence of mainland Australia. Located at nearby South East Point, (39°07′S 146°25′E﻿ / ﻿39.117°S 146.417°E﻿ / -39.117; 146.417) is the Wilsons Promontory Lighthouse. Most of the peninsula is protected by the Wilsons Promontory National Park and the Wilsons Promontory Marine National Park.
George Bannatyne
George Bannatyne (1545–1608), a native of Angus, Scotland, was an Edinburgh merchant and burgess. He was the seventh of twenty-three children, including Catherine Bannatyne, born of James Bannatyne of Kirktown of Newtyle in Forfarshire and Katherine Tailefer.  He is most famous as a collector of Scottish poems. He compiled an anthology of Scots poetry while in isolation during a plague in 1568. His work extended to eight hundred folio pages, divided into five parts. The anthology includes works from Scottish Chaucerians as well as many anonymous writers.

Burgess (title)
A burgess was the holder of a certain status in an English, Irish or Scottish borough in the Middle Ages and the early modern period, designating someone of the burgher class. It originally meant a freeman of a borough or burgh, but later came to be used mostly for office-holders in a town or one of its representatives in the House of Commons of England.
Pidhorodna
Pidhorodna (Ukrainian: Підгородна, Russian: Подгородная) is a rural settlement in Pervomaisk Raion, Mykolaiv Oblast, Ukraine. It belongs to Pervomaisk urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 2,150 (2022 estimate).

The settlement is located on the left bank of the Siniukha River, a left tributary of the Southern Bug, about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) from the river.

Mykolaiv Oblast
Mykolaiv Oblast (Ukrainian: Миколаївська область, romanized: Mykolaivska oblast, IPA: [mɪkoˈlɑjiu̯sʲkɐ ˈɔblɐsʲtʲ]), also referred to as Mykolaivshchyna (Ukrainian: Миколаївщина, IPA: [mɪkoˈlɑjiu̯ʃtʃɪnɐ]), is an oblast (province) of Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Mykolaiv. At the most recent estimate, the population of the oblast stood at 1,091,821 (2022 estimate).
Puccinia campanulae
Puccinia campanulae is a plant pathogen that causes rust on bellflower (Campanula).

In Iceland, it is known to infect Campanula rotundifolia, on which it produces teliospores, but it has not been found to infect Campanula uniflora, the other native Campanula species in Iceland.

Campanula uniflora
Campanula uniflora, known commonly as arctic bellflower and arctic harebell, is a short and slender rhizomatous perennial in the bellflower family Campanulaceae. It is distributed in arctic North America, including the Rocky Mountains and Greenland, in the Asian part of Beringia and in Iceland, Svalbard, the Scandes Mountains and Novaja Zemlja.

The species was recorded by Linnaeus on his 1732 expedition to Lapland and described in his Flora Lapponica (1737).
Helen Verhoeven
Helen Verhoeven (born 1974 in Leiden) is a painter and sculptor based in Berlin. 
Verhoeven was born in the Netherlands and moved to the U.S. in 1986. She attended the San Francisco Art Institute, New York Academy of Art, and the Rijksakademie van Beeldende Kunsten in Amsterdam. In 2008 she won the Dutch Royal Award for Modern Painting, in 2010 the Wolvecamp Painting Award, and in 2019 she was the recipient of the ABN-AMRO Art Prize.  She was commissioned to make a painting for the new courthouse of Dutch Supreme Court in The Hague that opened in 2015. 
Since 2023 she works as professor in painting for Dresden Academy of Fine Arts. 
Verhoeven's works seem to explore the theme of ceremonial gatherings. She makes monumental-sized paintings that are populated with contorted figures in various states of rapture, despair, lust and estrangement. She is the daughter film director Paul Verhoeven.

Dresden Academy of Fine Arts
The Dresden Academy of Fine Arts (German Hochschule für Bildende Künste Dresden), often abbreviated HfBK Dresden or simply HfBK, is a vocational university of visual arts located in Dresden, Germany. The present institution is the product of a merger between the famous Dresden Art Academy, founded in 1764, the workplace and training ground of a number of influential European artists, and another well-established local art school, Hochschule für Werkkunst Dresden, after World War II.
Davies White
Davies White is the landscape architectural practice founded by Adam White and Andrée Davies in 2008.

They specialise in designing gardens and play areas for children and have won multiple awards for these.  In 2017, they designed a children's wild garden for the Cauldwell charity for disabled children.  This was sponsored by Zoflora and exhibited at the Hampton Court Palace Flower Show where it won three awards: an RHS gold medal, Best in Show and the People's Choice.  In 2019, they collaborated with Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge, to design a back to nature garden sponsored by the RHS and exhibited at the Chelsea Flower Show  This was tested by the Duchess's children as the garden contained play features such as a hollow log and rope swing.

Director Adam White was the President of the Landscape Institute from 2018-2020 and is a Fellow of the Landscape Institute

Chelsea Flower Show
The RHS Chelsea Flower Show, formally known as the Great Spring Show, is a garden show held for five days in May by the Royal Horticultural Society (RHS) in the grounds of the Royal Hospital Chelsea in Chelsea, London. Held at Chelsea since 1912, the show is attended by members of the British royal family.

Highlights to the Chelsea Flower Show include the avant-garde show gardens designed by leading names with Floral Marquee at the centrepiece. The Show also features smaller gardens such as the Artisan and Urban Gardens.
Annie Hadley
Annie Hadley (born Dorothy Ann Brown; 1939–2010) was a costumer for British and Hollywood film and theatre. In her role as chief cutter, Hadley was responsible for tailoring costumes for five films that won Best Costume Academy Awards. Hadley's frequent collaborator, the costume designer Sandy Powell, described Hadley as her "partner in crime".

First Knight
First Knight is a 1995 medieval historical drama film based on Arthurian legend, directed by Jerry Zucker. It stars Sean Connery as King Arthur, Richard Gere as Lancelot, Julia Ormond as Guinevere and Ben Cross as Malagant.

The film follows the rogue Lancelot's romance with Lady Guinevere of Leonesse, who is to marry King Arthur of Camelot, while the land is threatened by the renegade knight Malagant. The film is noteworthy within Arthurian cinema for its absence of magical elements, its drawing on the material of Chrétien de Troyes for plot elements and the substantial age difference between Arthur and Guinevere.
Londonderry Town House
The Londonderry Town House, or the Londonderry Town Hall is the town hall of Londonderry, Vermont.  It is located on Middletown Road in the village of South Londonderry.  Built in 1860, its architecture encapsulates the changing functions of this type of public venue through more than 100 years of history.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

Londonderry, Vermont
Londonderry is a town in Windham County, Vermont, United States. It is bounded on the north by Landgrove and Weston, on the east by Windham, on the south by Jamaica and on the west by Winhall and Landgrove. The population was 1,919 in the 2020 census. The town contains the villages of Londonderry and South Londonderry.
Jagdishpur Halt railway station
Jagdishpur Halt railway station is a halt railway station on the Dumka–Bhagalpur line of Sahibganj loop under Malda railway division of the Eastern Railway Zone. The station is situated beside Bhagalpur–Hansdiha Road at Jagdishpur in Bhagalpur district in the Indian state of Bihar.

Bhagalpur district
Bhagalpur district (/ˈbɑːɡəlpʊər/) is one of the thirty-eight districts of the Indian state of Bihar, located in the southeastern region, with its administrative headquarters in the city of Bhagalpur. It is one of the oldest districts of Bihar. It is a part of Bhagalpur Division.
MailEnable
MailEnable is a Windows-based, commercial email server distributed by MailEnable Pty. Ltd, an Australian-based software company which was established in 2002.

MailEnable's features include support for IMAP, POP3 and SMTP email protocols with SSL/TLS support, list server, anti-virus and anti-spam and webmail functionality. Administration functions can be performed using the Microsoft Management Console (MMC) or a web browser.

Groupware and collaboration functionality are provided by the use of MAPI, CalDAV, CardDAV, SyncML and Exchange ActiveSync protocols.

According to one survey in May 2016, MailEnable has the largest reported install base on the Windows platform, and ranked fourth all in the list of email servers visible on the internet behind exim, Postfix and Sendmail.

Postfix (software)
Postfix is a free and open-source mail transfer agent (MTA) that routes and delivers electronic mail.

It is released under the IBM Public License 1.0 which is a free software license. Alternatively, starting with version 3.2.5, it is available under the Eclipse Public License 2.0 at the user's option.

Originally written in 1997 by Wietse Venema at the IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center in New York, and first released in December 1998, Postfix continues as of 2024 to be actively developed by its creator and other contributors. The software is also known by its former names VMailer and IBM Secure Mailer.
The name Postfix is a compound of "post" (which is another word for "mail") and "bugfix" (which is for other software that inspired Postfix development).
Chi Octantis
Chi Octantis, Latinized from χ Octantis, is a solitary star located in the southern circumpolar constellation Octans. It is faintly visible to the naked eye as an orange-hued star with an apparent magnitude of 5.28. The object is located relatively close at a distance of 261 light years based on Gaia EDR3 parallax measurements, but it is receding with a heliocentric radial velocity 33.6 km/s. At its current distance, Chi Octantis' brightness is diminished by 0.24 magnitudes due to interstellar dust. It has an absolute magnitude of +0.81.

Chi Octantis is an evolved red giant with a stellar classification of K3 III. It has 125% the mass of the Sun and an enlarged radius of 14.45 R☉ due to its evolved state. It radiates 73.6 times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,266 K. Chi Octantis is metal enriched with an iron abundance 126% that of the Sun ([Fe/H] = +0.10) and spins slowly with a projected rotational velocity less than 1 km/s−1.

Naked eye
Naked eye, also called bare eye or unaided eye, is the practice of engaging in visual perception unaided by a magnifying, light-collecting optical instrument, such as a telescope or microscope, or eye protection.

In astronomy, the naked eye may be used to observe celestial events and objects visible without equipment, such as conjunctions, passing comets, meteor showers, and the brightest asteroids, including 4 Vesta. Sky lore and various tests demonstrate an impressive variety of phenomena visible to the unaided eye.
Saint-Étienne-de-Beauharnois
Saint-Étienne-de-Beauharnois (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃t‿etjɛn də boaʁnwa]) is a municipality of Quebec, Canada, located within the Beauharnois-Salaberry Regional County Municipality in the Montérégie administrative region. The population as of the Canada 2021 Census was 1,099.

The town is located on the banks of the Saint-Louis River.

Classification of municipalities in Quebec
The following is a list of the types of local and supralocal territorial units in Quebec, Canada, including those used solely for statistical purposes, as defined by the Ministry of Municipal Affairs, Regions and Land Occupancy and compiled by the Institut de la statistique du Québec

Not included are the urban agglomerations in Quebec, which, although they group together multiple municipalities, exercise only what are ordinarily local municipal powers.

A list of local municipal units in Quebec by regional county municipality can be found at List of municipalities in Quebec.
Peri-naphthalenes
In organic chemistry, peri-naphthalenes are particular derivatives of naphthalene with the formula C10H6-1,8-X2.

Owing to the rigidity of the naphthalene skeleton, these substituents on the 1- and 8-positions are constrained to be relatively close 2.5 Å, which is within the van der Waals radius for many atoms.  In contrast, ortho-substituents pendant from a benzene ring are separated by about 3.3 Å.

Van der Waals radius
The van der Waals radius, rw, of an atom is the radius of an imaginary hard sphere representing the distance of closest approach for another atom. 
It is named after Johannes Diderik van der Waals, winner of the 1910 Nobel Prize in Physics, as he was the first to recognise that atoms were not simply points and to demonstrate the physical consequences of their size through the van der Waals equation of state.