hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
NGC 6164
NGC 6164, known as the Dragon's Egg Nebula, is an emission nebula located in the constellation Norma. The nebula was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on the 1st of July 1834, and is approximately 3,870 light years from the Solar System.

Its shape gives it the appearance of a planetary nebula resulting from the death of an old star similar to the Sun, but it is in reality an emission nebula. The gas from this nebula was ejected by the star located at its center, and this is also the source of its energy. In the Henry Draper Catalogue, this star is designated as HD 148937. It is a very young O-type star whose age is between three and four million years. Surrounded by its magnetic field, this star is about 40 times more massive than the Sun, and is expected to end its life on the main sequence in three to four million years.

Henry Draper Catalogue
The Henry Draper Catalogue (HD) is an astronomical star catalogue published between 1918 and 1924, giving spectroscopic classifications for 225,300 stars; it was later expanded by the Henry Draper Extension (HDE), published between 1925 and 1936, which gave classifications for 46,850 more stars, and by the Henry Draper Extension Charts (HDEC), published from 1937 to 1949 in the form of charts, which gave classifications for 86,933 more stars. In all, 359,083 stars were classified as of August 2017.

The HD catalogue is named after Henry Draper, an amateur astronomer, and covers the entire sky almost completely down to an apparent photographic magnitude of about 9; the extensions added fainter stars in certain areas of the sky. The construction of the Henry Draper Catalogue was part of a pioneering effort to classify stellar spectra, and its catalogue numbers are commonly used as a way of identifying stars.
George Lyall (merchant)
George Lyall (12 February 1821 – 22 July 1890) was a British merchant and member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong.

Lyall was born in Kennington, Surrey. He founded Lyall, Still & Co with Charles Fredrick Still in Hong Kong. He was appointed an unofficial member in Legislative Council in 1857. After Joseph Jardine retired in 1860, he became the Senior Unofficial Member. He resigned later that year.

In 1866, his company ran into legal issue involving Bill of lading violation with shipment from London to Hong Kong. The case appealed to Supreme Court of Hong Kong and was dismissed by Queen Victoria.

He died in 1890 in Wellington, Somerset.

Kennington
Kennington is a district in South London, England. It is mainly within the London Borough of Lambeth, running along the boundary with the London Borough of Southwark, a boundary which can be discerned from the early medieval period between the Lambeth and St George's parishes of those boroughs respectively. It is located 1.4 miles (2.3 km) south of Charing Cross in Inner London and is identified as a local centre in the London Plan. It was a royal manor in the parish of St Mary, Lambeth in the county of Surrey and was the administrative centre of the parish from 1853. Proximity to central London was key to the development of the area as a residential suburb and it was incorporated into the metropolitan area of London in 1855.

Kennington is the location of three significant London landmarks: the Oval cricket ground, the Imperial War Museum, and Kennington Park. Its population at the United Kingdom Census 2011 was 15,106.
Andy Engman
Andrew Alfons Engman (November 21, 1911 – July 16, 2004) was a Swedish/Finnish cartoon animator. Engman worked for Walt Disney Studios in Burbank, California, from the animating of Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937 film) to the completion of The Jungle Book (1967 film), from 1937 to 1971. He started as an "In-Betweener" animator. He did some Donald Duck and Goofy cartoons as a character animator and became a special effects animator. Later, he went into production in a middle management position. He also worked on the effect animations of Make Mine Music (1946) and the layout of Der Fuehrer's Face (1943).

Adobe Character Animator
Adobe Character Animator is a desktop application software product that combines real-time live motion-capture with a multi-track recording system to control layered 2D puppets based on an illustration drawn in Photoshop or Illustrator. It is automatically installed with Adobe After Effects CC 2015 to 2017 and is also available as a standalone application which one can download separately as part of a Creative Cloud all-apps subscription. It is used to generate real-time 2D animations to produce both live and non-live animation.
Ted Donnelly
Ted "Muttonleg" Donnelly (November 13, 1912 – May 8, 1958) was an American jazz trombonist.

Donnelly began playing violin at age eight and picked up trombone at age twelve. He played first in the orchestra of George E. Lee, and in 1934 played with Tommy Douglas. From 1936 to 1943 Donnelly was in Andy Kirk's retinue, and following this he worked with Count Basie from 1943 to 1950. He also did a USO tour with Al Sears during World War II and worked briefly with Illinois Jacquet. From 1951 to 1957 he played with Erskine Hawkins, and died the following year.

Erskine Hawkins
Erskine Ramsay Hawkins (July 26, 1914 – November 11, 1993) was an American trumpeter and big band leader from Birmingham, Alabama, dubbed "The 20th Century Gabriel". He is best remembered for composing the jazz standard "Tuxedo Junction" (1939) with saxophonist and arranger Bill Johnson. The song became a hit during World War II, rising to No. 7 nationally (version by the Erskine Hawkins Orchestra) and to No. 1 nationally (version by the Glenn Miller Orchestra). Vocalists who were featured with Erskine's orchestra include Ida James, Delores Brown, and Della Reese. Hawkins was named after Alabama industrialist Erskine Ramsay.
Abrothallus nephromatis
Abrothallus nephromatis is a widely distributed species of lichenicolous fungus in the family Abrothallaceae. It was formally described as a new species in 2015 by Ave Suija and Sergio Pérez-Ortega. The type specimen was collected near Dawson Falls in Wells Gray Provincial Park (British Columbia, Canada) at an elevation of about 800 m (2,600 ft), where it was found on a Nephroma parile lichen that itself was growing on a dead trunk of birch tree. The species epithet refers to the host genus, Nephroma.

Abrothallus nephromatis has been collected from Africa (Tanzania, Uganda); Asia (Russian Far East); Australia and New Zealand; Europe (Italy, Norway, Sweden), Greenland, and North America (Canada, USA). It is distinguished from the similar species Abrothallus boomii by its eight-spored asci and narrower conidia, and from Abrothallus welwitschii by its smaller ascomata and smaller ascospores. The recorded hosts of the fungus are Nephroma parile, N. helveticum, N. rufum, and N. tropicum.

Nephroma helveticum
Nephroma helveticum, the fringed kidney lichen, is a species of cyanolichen in the family Peltigeraceae. First described by Erik Acharius in 1810, it is part of a complex taxonomic group that includes N. tropicum. Modern molecular studies have shown that material previously identified as N. helveticum actually comprises two distinct species. The species occurs in moist, shady environments, particularly in old-growth forests. In North America, it is found at low elevations in riparian areas with coastal influence, while in Europe, where it is extremely rare, it occurs in montane-oceanic regions and shows a preference for basic rock substrates. In Nordic countries, it is known from approximately 20 localities across Finland, Norway and Sweden, where it is considered critically endangered.
KSMA-FM
KSMA-FM is a radio station airing a country music format licensed to Osage, Iowa, broadcasting on 98.7 MHz FM.  The station serves the areas of Mason City, Iowa, and Austin, Minnesota, and is owned by North Iowa Broadcasting.

KSMA-FM's studios are located on North Federal Avenue in downtown Mason City, while its transmitter is located near Grafton.

Austin, Minnesota
Austin is a city in and the county seat of Mower County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 26,174 at the 2020 census. The town was originally settled along the Cedar River and has two artificial lakes, East Side Lake and Mill Pond. It was named for Austin R. Nichols, the area's first European settler. It is part of the Rochester–Austin combined statistical area.

Hormel Foods Corporation is Austin's largest employer, and the city is sometimes called "SPAM Town USA". Austin is home to Hormel's corporate headquarters, a factory that makes most of North America's SPAM tinned meat, and the Spam Museum. Austin is also home to the Hormel Institute, a leading cancer research institution operated by the University of Minnesota with significant support from the Mayo Clinic.
Lake Cișmigiu
Lake Cișmigiu is a lake in the center of Bucharest, Sector 1, in Cișmigiu Gardens.  The lake has a surface of 29.500 m2, a length of 1.3 km, a width of 50 meters and a depth of 1–2 meters.  During winter the lake is dried artificially and a skate park is organized on the lake bed. Close to the Lake Cișmigiu in the Cișmigiu Gardens is the much smaller Lake Lebedelor, which is reserved for water birds.

Sector 1 (Bucharest)
Sector 1 is an administrative unit of Bucharest located in the northern part of the city. It contains also the northwestern districts of Băneasa and Pipera. Sector 1 is thought to be the wealthiest sector in Bucharest. Like each of Bucharest sectors, there is a Local Court (Judecătoria Sectorului 1), which it submits to the Bucharest Tribunal (Tribunalul București).
Amani Research Institute
Amani Research institute is a research institute located at Amani, in the Muheza District, on the Western Usambara Mountains of the northeastern region in present-day Tanzania. The mountains form part of the Eastern Arc Mountains, which stretch from Kenya through Tanzania, and are covered by tropical cloud forests that have endured a long period of unique evolutionary endemism.

Founded during colonial rule in German East Africa in 1902 as research institute, it gained a strong reputation for botanical and agricultural research, as well as for the investigation of tropical diseases and the production of medical products. After World War I, work at Amani was continued under British administration and later became a station of the National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR) of Tanzania.

Muheza District
Muheza District, officially the, Muheza District Council (Wilaya ya Muheza, in Swahili) is one of eleven administrative districts of Tanga Region in Tanzania. The District covers an area of 1,498 km2 (578 sq mi). It is bordered to the north by Mkinga District, to the east by Tanga and the Indian Ocean, to the south by the Pangani District and Handeni District, and to the west by the Korogwe District.  The district is comparable in size to the land area of Guadeloupe. The town of Muheza, after which the district is named, serves as its administrative capital. According to the 2012 Tanzania National Census, the population of Muheza District had decreased to 238,260; this is less than ten years before, because Mkinga District was created that same year. The highest point in Muheza District is Kimbo Peak at 1,063m.
Dave's Picks Volume 32
Dave's Picks Volume 32 is a 3-CD live album by the rock band the Grateful Dead. It contains the complete concert recorded at the Spectrum in Philadelphia on March 24, 1973. It was released on November 1, 2019 in a limited edition of 20,000 copies.

Bill Kreutzmann
William Kreutzmann Jr. (/ˈkrɔɪtsmɑːn/ KROYTS-mahn; born May 7, 1946) is an American drummer and founding member of the rock band Grateful Dead. He played with the band for its entire thirty-year career, usually alongside fellow drummer Mickey Hart, and has continued to perform with former members of the Grateful Dead in various lineups, and with his own bands BK3, 7 Walkers and Billy & the Kids.
Lawrence Williams (cricketer)
David Lawrence Williams (20 November 1946 – 26 May 2023) was a Welsh cricketer who played for Glamorgan from 1969 to 1977. In his first season, he took 52 Championship wickets at 21.36 to help them win only their second title.

Williams was born in Neath on 20 November 1946. He appeared in 151 first-class matches as a right-arm fast-medium pace bowler and left-handed batsman. He took 364 wickets with a best performance of seven for 60 against Lancashire at Blackpool in 1970, and scored 403 runs with a highest score of 37 not out.

Williams died in Ynysygerwn, Neath Port Talbot on 26 May 2023, at the age of 76.

Wicket
In the sport of cricket, the term wicket has several meanings:

It is either of the two sets of three stumps and two bails at each end of the pitch. The fielding team's players can hit the wicket with the ball in a number of ways to get a batter out. 
The wicket is guarded by a batter who, with their bat (and sometimes with their pads, but see the laws on LBW, leg before wicket), attempts to prevent the ball from hitting the wicket (if it does, they may be bowled) and to score runs where possible.

Through metonymic usage, the dismissal of a batter is known as the taking of a wicket.

The cricket pitch itself is sometimes referred to as the wicket.
Stadio Luigi Zaffanella
Stadio Luigi Zaffanella is a multi-use stadium in Viadana, Italy.  It is currently used mostly for rugby union and football matches. It was the home ground of the now defunct Aironi for their Celtic League games.

The ground is owned by Rugby Viadana and previously hosted the club's National Championship of Excellence team prior to the 2010/2011 season. In order for the ground to be of a suitable standard for the Celtic League major improvement works are to be carried out in 2011.

The east grandstand was doubled in size in 2010 taking the total ground capacity to 6,000. Hospitality, training and parking facilities were also added.  The stadium holds 6,000 people.

Rugby Viadana
Rugby Viadana 1970 is an Italian rugby union club based in Viadana (province of Mantua,  Lombardy). The club was established in 1970, and has since won the Italian championship in 2002, and the Coppa Italia three times. They also compete in European rugby competitions and were runners-up in the European Shield in 2004. Viadana plays in yellow and black. The club did not compete professionally between 2010 and 2012 as they focused their efforts on Aironi. Aironi was based at Viadana's home ground and represented a number of regional teams in the multi-national Celtic League. The FIR withdrew Aironi's licence to play at the end of the 2012, so Viadana reformed as a professional team will play in Italy's top division, the National championship of Excellence, from the 2012–13 season and currently in the Top12.
Barry Lynn (darts player)
Barry Lynn (born 18 March 1987) is an English semi-professional darts player who competed in Professional Darts Corporation events and the Braintree Premier League.

He is most famous for his "dream run" in the 2016 UK Open, after having to qualify via the Riley's qualifiers, before reaching the quarter-finals. After early wins against Daniel Studholme and Dean Stewart and Brett Claydon, he defeated former major finalist Brendan Dolan, before knocking out the reigning back-to-back world champion Gary Anderson in round 4 by a 9–3 scoreline. Then after defeating Stuart Kellett in round 5, he took on the world number one Michael van Gerwen in the quarter-finals, where he eventually lost 10–6.

He would later qualify for the 2016 BDO World Trophy, losing in the first round to Darius Labanauskas. He also won a PDC Challenge Tour title in 2016.

Brendan Dolan
Brendan Gabriel Dolan (born 2 August 1973) is a Northern Irish professional darts player who competes in Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) events. He was the first player to hit a nine-dart finish in a "double-to-start" event (where a player must hit a double to begin play), which he achieved at the 2011 World Grand Prix, giving him the nickname the History Maker. He also reached the final of this tournament, where he lost to Phil Taylor.

On the PDC Pro Tour, Dolan lost his first seven finals before winning his maiden ranking title in 2013. He has since won nine more events on the Pro Tour, most recently in 2024. He is noted for his 180 celebration where he twirls his finger in a helicopter style motion.
Kawaiisu
The Kawaiisu (pronounced: "ka-wai-ah-soo") are an Indigenous peoples of California in the United States who live in the Tehachapi Valley and to the north across the Tehachapi Pass in the southern Sierra Nevada, toward Lake Isabella and Walker Pass.

Historically, the Kawaiisu also traveled eastward on food-gathering trips to areas in the northern Mojave Desert, to the north and northeast of the Antelope Valley, Searles Valley, as far east as the Panamint Valley, the Panamint Mountains, and the western edge of Death Valley. Today, some Kawaiisu people are enrolled in the Tule River Indian Tribe.

Searles Valley
35°36′N 117°18′W﻿ / ﻿35.6°N 117.3°W﻿ / 35.6; -117.3

Searles Valley is a valley in the northern Mojave Desert of California, with the northern half in Inyo County and the southern half in San Bernardino County, California, United States.

Searles Valley is located between the Argus Range to the west and the Slate Range to the east.  Death Valley is to the northeast. The valley contains the landform features of Searles Lake and the Trona Pinnacles.

The valley was named after John Wemple Searles.
Princess Josephine of Baden
Princess Josephine Friederike Luise of Baden (21 October 1813 – 19 June 1900) was Princess of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen from 27 August 1848 to 7 December 1849 during the brief reign of her husband, Prince Karl Anton. Josephine was the second daughter of Charles, Grand Duke of Baden, and Stéphanie de Beauharnais. She was the mother of the first king of Romania, Carol I. Through her younger daughter Marie, she is the ancestress of the Belgian royal family, the grand ducal family of Luxembourg as well as the last Queen of Italy and her descendants. Through her son, Leopold, she is also ancestress of the Romanian royal family and the Serbian and Yugoslav Royal House.

Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (German: Fürstentum Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen) was a principality in southwestern Germany. Its rulers belonged to the junior Swabian branch of the House of Hohenzollern. The Swabian Hohenzollerns were elevated to princes in 1623. The small sovereign state with the capital city of Sigmaringen was annexed to the Kingdom of Prussia in 1850 following the abdication of its sovereign in the wake of the revolutions of 1848, then became part of the newly created Province of Hohenzollern.
Treaty of Wiener Neustadt
The Treaty of Wiener Neustadt was a treaty between the Kingdom of Hungary and the Holy Roman Empire. It was preceded by the Truce of Radkersburg and followed by the Peace of Pressburg. It deals with succession issues and ascertains the territory mortgages in Moson, Sopron and Vas counties.

Ducat
The ducat (/ˈdʌkət/ DUK-ət) coin was used as a trade coin in Europe from the later Middle Ages to the 19th century. Its most familiar version, the gold ducat or sequin containing around 3.5 grams (0.11 troy ounces) of 98.6% fine gold, originated in Venice in 1284 and gained wide international acceptance over the centuries. Similarly named silver ducatons also existed. The gold ducat circulated along with the Florentine florin and preceded the modern British pound sterling.
Imide
In organic chemistry, an imide is a functional group consisting of two acyl groups bound to nitrogen. The compounds are structurally related to acid anhydrides, although imides are more resistant to hydrolysis. In terms of commercial applications, imides are best known as components of high-strength polymers, called polyimides. Inorganic imides are also known as solid state or gaseous compounds, and the imido group (=NH) can also act as a ligand.

Acid anhydride
An acid anhydride is a type of chemical compound composed of two  acyl groups bonded to a common oxygen atom. They are commonly formed by the removal of water molecules from a pair of acids.

In organic chemistry, organic acid anhydrides contain the functional group −C(=O)−O−C(=O)−. Organic acid anhydrides often form when one equivalent of water is removed from two equivalents of an organic acid in a dehydration reaction.

In inorganic chemistry, an acid anhydride can refer to an acidic oxide, i.e., an oxide that reacts with water to form an oxyacid (an inorganic acid that contains oxygen or carbonic acid), or with a base to form a salt.  For example, dinitrogen trioxide is the anhydride of nitrous acid. Similarly, dinitrogen pentoxide is the anhydride of nitric acid:

N2O5 + H2O  →   2 HNO3
ESIGELEC
ESIGELEC is a French engineering school, founded in 1901, and located in Rouen. It is part of the Grandes écoles group of French academic institutions specializing in engineering and sciences and is a university level institution with the special status Grands établissements. It is under supervision of the Ministry of Higher Education and Research and jointly managed by the chamber of commerce of Rouen, the Society of Engineers in Electrical Engineering (in French: Société des Ingénieurs en Génie Électrique, SIGELEC), and a consortium of private companies.

Grands établissements
The grands établissements (French: [ɡʁɑ̃z‿etablismɑ̃]; lit. 'great establishments') are French public institutions under ministerial charter within the administrative category referred to as Établissements publics à caractère scientifique, culturel et professionnel (EPCSP).
Jack Brandenburg
Jack Brandenburg (born October 22, 1951) is a retired Republican Michigan state senator. He was elected to office in 2010. Previously he had served for six years as a member of the Michigan House of Representatives and a member of that body's appropriations committee.

Brandenburg was born in Canton, Ohio. He has a bachelor's degree from Ashland University.

Brandenburg is a businessman who founded and owns Blue Water Industrial Supply, a company headquartered in Mount Clemens, Michigan.  Brandenburg lives in Harrison Township, Michigan.

Prior to his election to the state house in 2002, Brandenburg had served as a member of the board of the Huron-Clinton Metro Parks Authority.

Brandenburg and his wife Karen Linenger are the parents of four children. Brandenburg is a Roman Catholic.

Ashland University
Ashland University is a private university in Ashland, Ohio, United States. The university consists of a 135-acre (55 ha) main campus and several off-campus centers throughout central and northern Ohio. Ashland was founded in 1878 as Ashland College.  It is affiliated with The Brethren Church.

In addition to a graduate school, the university consists of four colleges: the College of Arts and Sciences, the Schar College of Education, the Dauch College of Business and Economics, and the Schar College of Nursing and Health Sciences and offers over 60 college majors. Ashland Theological Seminary, a division of Ashland University, offers a Doctor of Ministry (D.Min.) degree as well as master's degrees. Ashland is classified as a master's university with most graduate research being in a professional field.
Heinrich Moritz Max Freiherr von Beschwitz
Heinrich Moritz Max Freiherr von Beschwitz (Otzdorf, 23 December 1859 – Schloss Arnsdorf, 22 July 1944), Lord of Arnsdorf with Gersdorf (now part of Ottendorf-Okrilla) and Ottendorf in the Kingdom of Saxony, was a German soldier and nobleman, son of Moritz Wilhelm Wolf Freiherr von Beschwitz and his wife Alexandra von Hesse.

Kingdom of Saxony
The Kingdom of Saxony (German: Königreich Sachsen) was a German monarchy in Central Europe between 1806 and 1918, the successor of the Electorate of Saxony. It joined the Confederation of the Rhine after the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire, later joining the German Confederation after Napoleon was defeated in 1815. From 1871, it was part of the German Empire. It became a free state of the Weimar Republic in 1918 after the end of World War I and the abdication of King Frederick Augustus III. Its capital was Dresden, and its modern successor is the Free State of Saxony.