hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Colonial Chile
In Chilean historiography, Colonial Chile (Spanish: La colonia) is the period from 1600 to 1810, beginning with the Destruction of the Seven Cities and ending with the onset of the Chilean War of Independence. During this time, the Chilean heartland was ruled by Captaincy General of Chile. The period was characterized by a lengthy conflict between Spaniards and Native Mapuches known as the Arauco War. Colonial society was divided in distinct groups including Peninsulars, Criollos, Mestizos, Indians and Black people.

Relative to other Spanish colonies, Chile was a "poor and dangerous" place.

Huarpe
The Huarpes or Warpes are an Indigenous people of Argentina, living in the Cuyo region. Some scholars assume that in the Huarpe language, this word means "sandy ground", but according to Arte y Vocabulario de la lengua general del Reino de Chile, written by Andrés Febrés in Lima in 1765, the word Cuyo comes from Araucanian cuyum puulli, meaning "sandy land" or "desert country".
Umi no Yeah!!
Umi no Yeah!! (海のYeah!!) is a greatest hits album by Japanese rock band Southern All Stars. It was released on June 25, 1998. It was number-one on the Oricon Weekly Albums Chart. It is the 11th best-selling album in Japan by a Japanese artist with 3.479 million copies sold.

Japanese rock
Japanese rock (Japanese: 日本のロック, Hepburn: Nihon no Rokku), sometimes abbreviated to J-rock (ジェイ・ロック, Jei Rokku), is rock music from Japan. Influenced by American and British rock of the 1960s, the first rock bands in Japan performed what is called group sounds, with lyrics almost exclusively in English. Folk rock band Happy End in the early 1970s are credited as the first to sing rock music in the Japanese language. Punk rock bands Boøwy and The Blue Hearts and hard rock/heavy metal groups X Japan and B'z led Japanese rock in the late 1980s and early 1990s by achieving major mainstream success.

Rock bands such as B'z and Mr. Children are among the best selling music acts in Japan. Rock festivals like the Fuji Rock Festival were introduced in the late 90s with attendances reaching a peak of 200,000 people per festival making it the largest outdoor music event in the country.
Saisiyat people
The Saisiyat (Saisiyat: SaySiyat; Chinese: 賽夏; pinyin: Sàixià; Wade–Giles: Sai4 Hsia4; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Sai-siat (獅設); lit. 'true people'; Hakka Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Sòi-hà (賽夏)), also spelled Saisiat, are an indigenous people of Taiwan. In 2000 the Saisiyat numbered 5,311, which was approximately 1.3% of Taiwan's total indigenous population, making them one of the smallest aboriginal groups in the country. The Saisiyat inhabit Western Taiwan, overlapping the border between Hsinchu County and Miaoli County. They are divided into the Northern Branch (Wufong in the mountainous Hsinchu area) and the Southern Branch (Nanzhuang and Shitan in the highlands of Miaoli), each with its own dialect. Their language is also known as Saisiyat.

Pha̍k-fa-sṳ
Pha̍k-fa-sṳ (白話字) is an orthography similar to Pe̍h-ōe-jī and used to write Hakka, a variety of Chinese. Hakka is a whole branch of Chinese, and Hakka dialects are not necessarily mutually intelligible with each other, considering the large geographical region. This article discusses a specific variety of Hakka. The orthography was invented by the Presbyterian church in the 19th century. The Hakka New Testament published in 1924 is written in this system.
Southern Maryland Athletic Conference
The Southern Maryland Athletic Conference (SMAC) is a high school athletic league in Maryland, comprising the public secondary and high schools throughout Southern Maryland. The SMAC's membership consists of the following schools located in Calvert, Charles, and St. Mary's Counties:

Calvert High School

Chopticon High School

Great Mills High School

Henry E. Lackey High School

Huntingtown High School

La Plata High School

Leonardtown High School

Maurice J. McDonough High School

Northern High School

North Point High School

Patuxent High School

Thomas Stone High School

Westlake High School

St. Charles High School

St. Mary's Ryken High School was a member, and the only private Maryland school in a public league, but withdrew to join the Washington Catholic Athletic Conference (WCAC) in 2002.
St. Charles High School became a member of SMAC in 2014.

Calvert County, Maryland
Calvert County is a county located in the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2020 United States census, its population was 92,783. Its county seat is Prince Frederick. The county's name is derived from the family name of the Barons of Baltimore, the proprietors of the English Colony of Maryland. Calvert County is included in the Washington–Arlington–Alexandria metropolitan statistical area. It occupies the Calvert Peninsula, which is bordered on the east by Chesapeake Bay and on the west by the Patuxent River. The county has one of the highest median household incomes in the United States. It is one of the older counties in Maryland, after St. Mary's, Kent, and Anne Arundel Counties. The county is part of the Southern Maryland region of the state.
Noire River (Charlevoix)
The Noire River is a tributary of the North-West shore of Saint Lawrence River flowing north-east of La Malbaie, in  the municipality of Saint-Siméon, in Charlevoix-Est Regional County Municipality, in Quebec, in Canada.

The lower portion of this valley is served by Route 138 which runs along the shoreline of the St. Lawrence River. Route 170 which links Saint-Siméon to Petit-Saguenay village serves the lower and middle parts of this valley. The upper part of the valley has some secondary forest roads for forestry and recreation purposes.

Forestry is the first economic activity in the sector; recreational tourism activities, second.

The surface of the Black River is usually frozen from early December to late March, however, safe ice movement is generally from mid-December to mid-March.

Saguenay River
The Saguenay River (French: Rivière Saguenay, [ʁivjɛʁ saɡnɛ]) is a major river of Quebec, Canada. 
Draining Lac Saint-Jean in the Laurentian Highlands, it leaves Alma and runs east. The city of Saguenay is on the river, which drains into the Saint Lawrence River. Tadoussac, which was founded as a French colonial trading post in 1600, is located on the northeast bank at this site.

The river has a very high flow-rate and is bordered by steep cliffs associated with the Saguenay Graben. Tide waters flow in its fjord upriver as far as Chicoutimi (about 100 kilometres). Many beluga whales breed in the cold waters at its mouth, which makes Tadoussac a popular site for whale watching and sea kayaking, and Greenland sharks also frequent the depths of the river. The area of the confluence of the Saguenay and Saint Lawrence is protected by the Saguenay–St. Lawrence Marine Park, one of Canada's national parks.
Battle of Nowshera
The Battle of Nowshera was fought at Nowshera, in March 1823 between the Peshawar sardars led by the Afghan governor of Peshawar Azim Khan Barakzai and supported by the Yusufzai, Afridi and Khattak tribes, and the Sikh armies led by Maharaja Ranjit Singh. Azim Khan was a half-brother of Dost Mohammad Khan, the future ruler of Kabul, and later Afghanistan. The battle was a victory for the Sikhs over Azim Khan's armies, and allowed the Sikhs to begin their occupation of the Peshawar Valley.

Following their victory, the Sikhs destroyed the Afghan royal court and the fort of Bala Hissar, Peshawar. However, Hari Singh Nalwa, commander-in-chief of the Sikh army, soon commenced the reconstruction of the fort.

Afridi
The Afrīdī (Pashto: اپريدی Aprīdai, plur. اپريدي Aprīdī; Urdu: آفریدی) are a Pashtun tribe present mostly in tribal areas in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

The Afridis are most dominant in the Spin Ghar range west of Peshawar in Tribal areas of modern-day Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, covering most of the Khyber Pass and Maidan in Tirah which is their Native Tribal Territory. They are the closest to Orakzai in their language, culture and geographic areas.
Puente del Inca
Puente del Inca (English "Bridge of the Inca") is a natural arch that forms a bridge over the Las Cuevas River, a tributary of the Mendoza River. It is located near the small village of Puente del Inca, in Las Heras Department, Mendoza Province, Argentina. The nearby hot springs are also named Puente del Inca.

While Puente del Inca has shown signs of deterioration, it remains stable under its weight under present conditions. Factors of safety ranging from 1.5 to 3.0 have been estimated for the arch.

Mendoza River
The Mendoza River is a river in the province of Mendoza, Argentina. It is formed in the Andes range between the Aconcagua and the Tupungato, by the confluence of the Vacas, the Cuevas and the Tupungato rivers, the last being its major tributary.
John Rabe Communication Centre
The John Rabe Communication Centre is an information centre and museum in Heidelberg, which was founded by Thomas Rabe with the ambition of the documentation of the life of John Rabe. With the help of the diaries of John Rabe it will set a base for the communication of international understanding, particularly between China and Japan.

John Rabe
John Heinrich Detlef Rabe (23 November 1882 – 5 January 1950) was a German diplomat and businessman best known for his efforts to stop Japanese war crimes and protect Chinese civilians during the Nanjing Massacre. The Nanking Safety Zone, which he helped to establish, sheltered approximately 250,000 Chinese people from Imperial Japanese Army atrocities. A member of the Nazi Party, Rabe had been sent to China as an official representative of Nazi Germany in the European-U.S. diplomatic quarter in Nanjing, the Republic of China's capital. He served as senior chief of the diplomatic mission at the time of Japanese conquest.
Valerie and Her Week of Wonders (film)
Valerie And Her Week Of Wonders (Czech: Valerie A Týden Divů) is a 1970 Czechoslovak Gothic coming-of-age surrealist dark fantasy horror film co-written and directed by Jaromil Jireš, based on the 1935 novel by Vítězslav Nezval. It is considered one of the last films of the Czechoslovak New Wave movement. The film portrays the heroine as living in a disorienting dream, cajoled by priests, vampires, and men and women alike. The film blends dark fantasy, eroticism and Gothic horror genres.

Dark fantasy
Dark fantasy is a subgenre of literary, artistic, and cinematic fantasy works that incorporates disturbing and frightening themes. The term is ambiguously used to describe stories that combine horror elements with one or other of the standard formulas of fantasy.
Robert Fitzhamon
Robert Fitzhamon (c.1045–1055 – March 1107), or Robert FitzHamon (literally, "Robert, son of Hamon"), Seigneur de Creully in the Calvados region and Torigny in the Manche region of Normandy, was the first Norman feudal baron of Gloucester and the Norman conqueror of Glamorgan, southern Wales. He became Lord of Glamorgan in 1075.

As a kinsman of the Conqueror and one of the few Anglo-Norman barons to remain loyal to the kings William Rufus and Henry I of England, he was a prominent figure in England and Normandy.

Creully
Creully (French pronunciation: [kʁøli] ⓘ) is a former commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune Creully sur Seulles.

The town square is named after Canadian Lieutenant Bill McCormick of the 1st Hussars Canadian Armoured Regiment (London, Ontario). Lt. McCormick was the only Allied soldier to reach his D-Day objective when on 6 June 1944, after the tank he commanded passed through Creully, it reached the Caen-Bayeux road.

The school in Creully, Normandy, is named Cecil Newton Primary School in honour of Second World War veteran Cecil Newton.
Government of Amsterdam
The Government of Amsterdam consists of several territorial and functional forms of local and regional government. The principal form of government is the municipality of Amsterdam, Netherlands. The municipality's territory covers the city of Amsterdam as well as a number of small towns. The city of Amsterdam is also part of several functional forms of regional government. These include the Waterschap (water board) of  Amstel, Gooi en Vecht, which is responsible for water management, and the Stadsregio (City Region) of Amsterdam, which has responsibilities in the areas of spatial planning and public transport.

The municipality of Amsterdam borders the municipalities of Diemen, De Ronde Venen, Ouder-Amstel, Amstelveen, Stichtse Vecht, Wijdemeren and Hilversum in the south, Haarlemmermeer in the west, and Zaanstad, Oostzaan, Landsmeer and Waterland in the north.

Weesp has been an urban area of the municipality of Amsterdam since 24 March 2022.

Waterland
Waterland (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈʋaːtərlɑnt] ⓘ) is a municipality in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. It is situated north of Amsterdam, on the western shore of the Markermeer. It includes the tourist towns of Broek in Waterland and Marken.
Turenne (name)
Turenne is both a surname, and the seat of various titles of nobility, which therefore end with "de Turenne".

Those bearing the surname or such a title include:

Marie (or Marguerite) de Turenne, a.k.a. Maria de Ventadorn (fl. c. 1200), French poet and collector

Claudine de la Tour-Turenne (1520–1591), French Countess

Henri de La Tour d'Auvergne, Duke of Bouillon (1555–1623), French military leader and politician

Henri de la Tour d'Auvergne, Vicomte de Turenne (1611–1675), French military leader

Armand de Turenne (1891–1980), French air soldier

Henri de Turenne (1921–2016), French writer

Louis Turenne (born 1933), Canadian actor

Darcy Turenne (born 1984), Canadian bicyclist

Woodny Turenne (born 1987), American football player

Louis Turenne
Louis Turenne (November 26, 1933 – 25 July 2006) was a Canadian actor.

From 1977 to 1978, he played the role of Anthony Saxon on The Edge of Night.

Turenne was known for his work on the Babylon 5 television series. He played the Minbari Draal in the first season two-part episode "A Voice in the Wilderness". The producers later cast him in the recurring role of Brother Theo, the leader of a group of Catholic monks who came to live on the station. He also played "The Fireside Gourmet" in the 1988 romantic comedy drama film Mystic Pizza.
West Bend Housewares
West Bend Housewares, LLC, based in West Bend, Wisconsin, produces household appliances including breadmakers, mixers, coffeemakers, slow cookers, and woks.   The West Bend Company, founded in 1911, was owned by Regal Ware Inc. It was sold to Vernon Hills, Illinois-based Focus Products Group which took the name West Bend Housewares.

Vernon Hills, Illinois
Vernon Hills is a suburb north of Chicago, Illinois in Lake County, Illinois, United States. The population was 26,850 at the 2020 census. Vernon Hills serves as a retail hub for its surrounding area (Libertyville, Lake Forest, Mundelein, Long Grove, Lincolnshire and Buffalo Grove).
Perineal dilator
A perineal dilator is an inflatable balloon-like device sometimes used to create a functional vagina in women with vaginal agenesis.  The device, usually made out of silicone, is inserted into the vagina and inflated.

Vaginal atresia
Vaginal atresia is a condition in which the vagina is abnormally closed or absent. The main causes can either be complete vaginal hypoplasia, or a vaginal obstruction, often caused by an imperforate hymen or, less commonly, a transverse vaginal septum. It results in uterovaginal outflow tract obstruction. This condition does not usually occur by itself within an individual, but coupled with other developmental disorders within the female. The disorders that are usually coupled with a female who has vaginal atresia are Mayer–Rokitansky–Küster–Hauser syndrome, Bardet–Biedl syndrome, or Fraser syndrome. One out of every 5,000 women have this abnormality.
Klump
Klump is a German surname. Notable people with the name are:

Andrea Klump (born 1957), German terrorist

Brigitte Klump (1935–2023), German author

J. Val Klump (born 1948), American limnologist

Kelly Klump, American psychologist

Olive Whitlock Klump (1902–1980), American nurse

Kelly Klump
Kelly Lynn Klump is an American clinical psychologist and MSU Foundation Endowed Professor in the Department of Psychology at Michigan State University, known for her research on the genetics of eating disorders. She is also the co-director (with S. Alexandra Burt) of the Michigan State University Twin Registry.
2003 Saint Francis Cougars football team
The 2003 Saint Francis Cougars football team represented the University of Saint Francis, located in Fort Wayne, Indiana, in the 2003 NAIA football season. They were led by head coach Kevin Donley, who served his 6th year as the first and only head coach in the history of Saint Francis football.  The Cougars played their home games at Cougar Stadium and were members of the Mid-States Football Association (MSFA) Mideast League (MEL). The Cougars finished in 1st place in the MSFA MEL division, and they received an automatic bid to the 2003 postseason NAIA playoffs.

2003 NAIA football season
The 2003 NAIA football season was the component of the 2003 college football season organized by the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) in the United States. The season's playoffs, known as the NAIA Football National Championship, culminated with the championship game on December 20, at Jim Carroll Stadium in Savannah, Tennessee. The Carroll Fighting Saints defeated the Northwestern Oklahoma State Rangers, 41–28, in the title game to win the program's second consecutive NAIA championship.
Makhlynets
Makhlynets (Ukrainian: Махлинець, Polish and German Machliniec) is a village in Stryi Raion, Lviv Oblast, Ukraine. It belongs to Hnizdychiv settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Makhlynets is located 16.8 km due east of Stryi, Ukraine.

Lviv Oblast
Lviv Oblast (Ukrainian: Львівська область, romanized: Lvivska oblast, IPA: [ˈlʲwiu̯sʲkɐ ˈɔblɐsʲtʲ]), also referred to as Lvivshchyna (Ukrainian: Львівщина, IPA: [ˈlʲwiu̯ʃtʃɪnɐ]), is an oblast in western Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Lviv. The current population is 2,478,133 (2022 estimate).
Sokołów Górny
Sokołów Górny [sɔˈkɔwuf ˈɡurnɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sobków, within Jędrzejów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) north of Sobków, 16 km (10 mi) north-east of Jędrzejów, and 21 km (13 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce.

Sobków
Sobków [ˈsɔpkuf] is a town in Jędrzejów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Sobków. It lies in historic Lesser Poland, approximately 14 km (9 mi) north-east of Jędrzejów and 24 km (15 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce.

The village is located on the left bank of the Nida river. Sobkow has a railway station, which is located three kilometers northwest of the village, along a main line from Kraków to Kielce.
Jorge Lencina
Jorge Daniel Lencina (born March 26, 1976, in Córdoba) is a retired male judoka from Argentina. He claimed the bronze medal in the Men's Bantamweight (– 60 kg) division at the 1995 Pan American Games in Mar del Plata. Lencina represented his native country in three consecutive Summer Olympics, starting in 1996. He competed in the Paralympic Games in 2008 and 2012.

1995 Pan American Games
The 1995 Pan American Games, officially known as the XII Pan American Games (Spanish: XII Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Mar del Plata 1995, were held in Mar del Plata, Argentina, from 12 to 26 March 1995. After 44 years, this was the Pan American Games' first return to the country that hosted the first Games, in 1951.
Bill Spence (writer)
William John Duncan Spence (20 April 1923 – 28 May 2024) was an English writer. He wrote war novels as Duncan Spence, and Westerns as Jim Bowden, Floyd Rogers and Kirk Ford. He also used the pseudonym Hannah Cooper. His most successful novels have been historical romances written under the name Jessica Blair.

Historical romance
Historical romance is a broad category of mass-market fiction focusing on romantic relationships in historical periods, which Byron helped popularize in the early 19th century. The genre often takes the form of the novel.
Elegia (plant)
Elegia is a genus of grass-like plants in the family Restionaceae endemic to Cape Province in South Africa. Some species are grown as ornamentals in gardens.

It was first described as a genus by Linnaeus in 1771.

Species

Cape Province
The Province of the Cape of Good Hope (Afrikaans: Provinsie Kaap die Goeie Hoop), commonly referred to as "the Cape Province" (Afrikaans: Kaapprovinsie) and colloquially as "The Cape" (Afrikaans: Die Kaap), was a province in the Union of South Africa and subsequently the Republic of South Africa. It encompassed the old Cape Colony, as well as Walvis Bay, and had Cape Town as its capital. In 1994, the Cape Province was divided into the new Eastern Cape, Northern Cape and Western Cape provinces, along with part of the North West.
1995 Eurocard Open (October)
The 1995 Eurocard Open was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts, was the only edition of the Essen Masters held in Essen, Germany. Although it was the 1st and only edition of the Essen tournament, the tournament had been held in Stuttgart on six previous occasions. It was part of the Championship Series of the 1995 ATP Tour and was held from 23 October until 30 October 1995. Third-seeded Thomas Muster won the singles title.

ATP Masters 1000 tournaments
The ATP Masters 1000 tournaments, also known as Masters 1000 or ATP 1000 events, are an annual series of nine tennis tournaments featuring the top-ranked players on the ATP Tour since its inception in 1990. The ATP 1000 tournaments, sitting below the Grand Slam tournaments and the year-end championships, make up the most coveted trophies on the annual ATP Tour calendar. In addition to the quadrennial Summer Olympics, they are collectively known as the 'Big Titles'.
Novak Djokovic holds the record for the most ATP 1000 singles titles with 40. By completing the career set of all nine current ATP 1000 series singles titles in 2018, Djokovic became the first and only player to achieve the career Golden Masters. In 2020, Djokovic completed a second career Golden Masters.
In doubles, the Bryan brothers (Bob and Mike) won a record 39 doubles titles as a team. Daniel Nestor and the Bryan brothers are the only doubles players to achieve the career Golden Masters.
MainConcept
MainConcept is a German software company. Since 1993, they have provided video and audio codecs for video production, multimedia, broadcast, digital signage, gaming, medical and security industries. Their codecs are used by organizations such as Adobe, AVID, Autodesk, Corel, Dalet, Grass Valley, MAGIX, MOG, Nikon, Sony and Wowza. These are offered along with software development kits, applications and plugins.

Wowza Streaming Engine
Wowza Streaming Engine (known as Wowza Media Server prior to version 4) is a unified streaming media server software developed by Wowza. The server is used for streaming of live and on-demand video, audio, and rich Internet applications over IP networks to desktop, laptop, and tablet computers, mobile devices, IPTV set-top boxes, internet-connected TV sets, game consoles, and other network-connected devices. The server is a Java application deployable on most operating systems.