hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Marcus Berg
Bengt Erik Markus Berg (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈmǎrːkɵs ˈbærj]; born 17 August 1986) is a Swedish former professional footballer who played as a striker. He is currently the assistant coach of Allsvenskan club IFK Göteborg.

Beginning his footballing career in Sweden with IFK Göteborg in the early 2000s, Berg went on to play for several clubs across various countries, including Panathinaikos in Greece, PSV and Groningen in the Netherlands, Hamburger SV in Germany, Al Ain in the United Arab Emirates, and Krasnodar in Russia before returning to Sweden to join boyhood club IFK Göteborg in 2021.

A full international from 2008 to 2021, Berg won 90 caps and scored 24 total goals for the Sweden national team. He represented his country at the UEFA Euro 2016, the 2018 FIFA World Cup, and UEFA Euro 2020, before retiring from international football inherently in July 2021.

UEFA European Under-21 Championship
The UEFA European Under-21 Championship, the UEFA Under-21 Championship or simply the Euro Under-21, is a biennial football competition contested by the European men's under-21 national teams of the UEFA member associations. Since 1992, the competition also serves as the UEFA qualification tournament for the Summer Olympics.

Italy and Spain are the most successful teams in the tournament's history, having won five titles each. England are the current champions, having beaten Germany 3–2 after extra time in the 2025 final.
Delaware and Hudson Gravity Railroad
A predecessor to the Class I Delaware and Hudson Railway, the 1820s-built Delaware and Hudson Canal Company Gravity Railroad ('D&H Gravity Railroad') was a historic gravity railroad incorporated and chartered in 1826 with land grant rights in the US state of Pennsylvania as a humble subsidiary of the Delaware and Hudson Canal and it proved to contain the first trackage of the later organized Delaware and Hudson Railroad (so eventually became a first class Class I Railroad). It began as the second long U.S. gravity railroad built initially to haul coal to canal boats, was the second railway chartered in the United States after the Mohawk and Hudson Rail Road before even, the Baltimore and Ohio (e. 1827). As a long gravity railway, only the Summit Hill and Mauch Chunk Railroad (e. 1827) pre-dated its beginning of operations.

Railroad classes
Railroad classes are the system by which freight railroads are designated in the United States. Railroads are assigned to Class I, II or III according to annual revenue criteria originally set by the Surface Transportation Board in 1992. With annual adjustments for inflation, the 2019 thresholds were US$504,803,294 for Class I carriers and US$40,384,263 for Class II carriers. (Smaller carriers were Class III by default.)

There are six Class I freight railroad companies in the United States: BNSF Railway, CSX Transportation, Canadian National Railway, CPKC, Norfolk Southern Railway, and Union Pacific Railroad. Canadian National also operates in Canada and CPKC operates in Canada and Mexico.

In addition, the national passenger railroad in the United States, Amtrak, would qualify as Class I if it were a freight carrier, as would Canada's Via Rail passenger service. Mexico's Ferromex freight railroad would also qualify as Class I, but it does not operate in the United States.
Juntunen
Juntunen is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Paul Juntunen (also known as Paul Jayson; 1921–2004), American professional basketball player

Craig Juntunen (born 1954), American player of Canadian football

Jani Juntunen, Finnish radio host

Helena Juntunen (born 1976), Finnish opera singer

Tommi Juntunen (born 1993), Swedish ice hockey player

Tommi Juntunen
Tommi Juntunen (born 17 March 1993) is a Swedish ice hockey defenceman, who also holds a Finnish citizenship. He made his Elitserien debut playing with Frölunda HC during the 2012–13 Elitserien season.

Juntunen was born to Finnish parents.
Chen Chu (diplomat)
Chen Chu (Chinese: 陈楚; Wade–Giles: Ch'en Ch'u; 1917–1996) was a Chinese diplomat. He was born in Rongcheng, Shandong. He was the first ambassador of the People's Republic of China to Japan (1973–1976) and Permanent Representative of China to the United Nations (1977–1980).

His son, Chen Xiaogong, was a lieutenant general who served as deputy commander of the People's Liberation Army Air Force.

Rongcheng, Shandong
Rongcheng (simplified Chinese: 荣成; traditional Chinese: 榮成; pinyin: Róngchéng) is a county-level city of the prefecture-level city of Weihai, at the eastern extremity of the Shandong Peninsula in China.
Dualizing module
In abstract algebra, a dualizing module, also called a canonical module, is a module over a commutative ring that is analogous to the canonical bundle of a smooth variety. It is used in Grothendieck local duality.

Smooth scheme
In algebraic geometry, a smooth scheme over a field is a scheme which is well approximated by affine space near any point. Smoothness is one way of making precise the notion of a scheme with no singular points. A special case is the notion of a smooth variety over a field. Smooth schemes play the role in algebraic geometry of manifolds in topology.
Rubicene
Rubicene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon  that consists of two benzene and an anthracene. They are each linked by two carbon–carbon bonds. Dilute solutions of rubicene emit strong yellow fluorescence. It's synthesized from fluorenone by reduction of calcium or magnesium, or it can be obtained by reacting with dihalogenated diphenylanthracene as raw material. It can also be obtained by reacting 9,10-diphenylanthracene and 3 parts of DDQ in dichloromethane in the presence of triflic acid.

2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone
2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (or DDQ) is the chemical reagent with formula C6Cl2(CN)2O2. This oxidant is useful for the dehydrogenation of alcohols, phenols, and steroid ketones. DDQ decomposes in water, but is stable in aqueous mineral acid.
Raymond Jackson (American football)
Raymond DeWayne Jackson (born February 17, 1973) is an American professional football executive and former cornerback who is the vice president of player development for the Denver Broncos of the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Buffalo Bills in the fifth round of the 1996 NFL draft. He played college football for the Colorado State Rams. Jackson was inducted into the Colorado State Rams Hall of Fame in 2011. Jackson also played in the NFL for the Cleveland Browns.

Colorado State Rams football
The Colorado State Rams football program represents Colorado State University and is a member of the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision and the Mountain West Conference. The Rams have long-standing rivalries with Colorado, Wyoming, and Air Force. The team is currently led by interim head coach and defensive coordinator Tyson Summers, who was named interim head coach after Jay Norvell was fired on October 19, 2025. UConn Huskies football head coach Jim Mora will serve has head coach at the start of the 2026 season.

The Rams have played their home games at Canvas Stadium since 2017. Previously, the team played 49 seasons (1968–2016) at Sonny Lubick Field at Hughes Stadium. The first game at Canvas Stadium (known as Colorado State Stadium for the 2017 season only) was played on August 26, 2017, when the Rams defeated the Oregon State Beavers 58–27.
Virginia-Depot (Munich)
48°11′46″N 11°33′36″E﻿ / ﻿48.196°N 11.560°E﻿ / 48.196; 11.560

The Virginia depot was a military camp used last by the Bundeswehr west of Schleißheimer Straße in the Munich district of Lerchenau. Today it is a biotope with rare plant species.

Biotope
A biotope is an area of uniform environmental conditions providing a living place for a specific assemblage of plants and animals. Biotope is almost synonymous with the term habitat, which is more commonly used in English-speaking countries. However, in some countries these two terms are distinguished: the subject of a habitat is a population, the subject of a biotope is a biocoenosis, or "biological community".

It is an English loanword derived from the German Biotop, which in turn came from the Greek bios, meaning 'life', and topos, meaning 'place'. (The related word geotope has made its way into the English language by the same route, from the German Geotop.)
2019 Nigerian Senate elections in Rivers State
The 2019 Nigerian Senate election in Rivers State was held on February 23, 2019, to elect members of the Nigerian Senate to represent Rivers State. Betty Apiafi representing Rivers West, Barry Mpigi representing Rivers South East and George Thompson Sekibo representing Rivers East all won on the platform of Peoples Democratic Party.

Independent National Electoral Commission (Nigeria)
The Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) is the electoral body which oversees elections in Nigeria. It was established in 1998 shortly before Nigeria's transition from military to civilian rule.
York Civic Centre
The York Civic Centre is a government building in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is located at 2700 Eglinton Avenue West in the neighbourhood of Beechborough-Greenbrook. The building is used by the Toronto West Court Office and was the seat of the municipal government of the former city of York, Ontario.

York's Civic Centre does not have a public square like several other civic centres in Toronto, but is located next to Coronation Park and York Memorial Collegiate Institute. There is a time capsule present on the grounds, adjacent to the city of York's war memorial. It is intended to be opened in 2193, Toronto's quadricentennial anniversary.

Eglinton Avenue
Eglinton Avenue is a major east–west arterial thoroughfare in Toronto and Mississauga in the Canadian province of Ontario. The street begins at Highway 407 (but does not interchange with the tollway) at the western limits of Mississauga, as a continuation of Lower Baseline in Milton. It traverses the midsection of both cities and ends at Kingston Road. Eglinton Avenue is the only street to cross all six former cities and boroughs of Metropolitan Toronto.

The Toronto section was surveyed in the 19th century as the Fourth Concession Road (with the first being Queen Street). It was historically known as Richview Sideroad in Etobicoke and Lower Baseline in Mississauga. It was also designated Highway 5A (and later Highway 109) in Scarborough.
E-ZPass Minnesota
E-ZPass Minnesota, formerly MnPass, is the brand name associated with a series of high occupancy toll lanes (HO/T lanes) and electronic toll collection (ETC) system in the Minneapolis-St. Paul Metropolitan Area of Minnesota. The lanes and the ETC system are owned by the Minnesota Department of Transportation (MnDOT) and fully compatible with the multi-state E-ZPass network.

Solo drivers who are registered under the E-ZPass program and have a toll transponder are allowed to pay a toll to use the lanes during operating hours. Vehicles with two or more occupants, buses, and motorcycles may use the lanes for free without requiring a toll transponder.

Interstate 94 in Minnesota
Interstate 94 (I-94) in the US state of Minnesota runs 259 miles (417 km) east–west through the central portion of the state. The highway connects the cities of Moorhead, Fergus Falls, Alexandria, Sauk Centre, St. Cloud, Monticello, Minneapolis, and Saint Paul. Authorized in 1956, it was mostly constructed in the 1960s. For its whole length, it runs concurrently with either US Highway 52 (US 52) or US 12.
Prince Johann Ernst of Saxe-Weimar
Johann Ernst of Saxe-Weimar (German: Johann Ernst von Sachsen-Weimar) (25 December 1696 – 1 August 1715) was a German prince, son by his second marriage of Johann Ernst III, Duke of Saxe-Weimar. Despite his early death he is remembered as a collector and commissioner of music and as a composer, some of whose concertos were arranged for harpsichord or organ by Johann Sebastian Bach, who was court organist in Weimar at the time.

Commission (art)
In art, a commission is the act of requesting the creation of a piece, often on behalf of another. Artwork may be commissioned by private individuals, by the government, or businesses. Commissions often resemble endorsement or sponsorship.

In classical music, ensembles often commission pieces from composers, where the ensemble secures the composer's payment from private or public organizations or donors.
Shane Perry
Shane Perry (born 9 November 1977) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 2000s whose usual position was halfback. He played in the National Rugby League for the Western Suburbs Magpies, Canterbury-Bankstown and the Brisbane Broncos (with whom he won the 2006 premiership), as well as in the Super League for French club Catalans Dragons.

Queensland Cup
The Queensland Cup, currently known as the Hostplus Cup for sponsorship reasons, is the highest-level regional rugby league football competition in Queensland, Australia. It is run by the Queensland Rugby League (QRL)  and is contested by fifteen teams, thirteen of which are based in Queensland, with one based in New South Wales and one in National Capital District, Papua New Guinea.

The competition is the present-day embodiment of Queensland's top-level club competition. It replaced the Winfield State League in 1996 and accompanied the Brisbane Rugby League, before becoming the premier competition in 1998, following the disbanding of the Brisbane Rugby League.
Monti Amundson
"Big" Monti Amundson is an American guitar player who plays blues and rock and roll. His style has been compared to that of Stevie Ray Vaughan, and while commercial success has eluded him, he has built a reputation as a live act in the United States and in Europe, first as a power trio called Monti Amundson & The Blubinos, then under his own name.

Power trio
A power trio is a rock band format having a lineup of electric guitar, bass guitar and drum kit, leaving out a dedicated vocalist or an additional rhythm guitar or keyboard instrument that are often used in other rock music bands that are quartets and quintets. Larger rock bands often use one or more additional rhythm sections to fill out the sound with chords and harmony parts.

Most power trios in hard rock and heavy metal music use the electric guitar player in two roles; during much of the song, they play rhythm guitar, playing the chord progression for the song and performing the song's important riffs, and then switching to a lead guitar role during the guitar solo. While one or more band members typically sing while playing their instruments, power trios in hard rock and heavy metal music generally emphasize instrumental performance and overall sonic impact over vocals and lyrics.
Khiagdinskoye mine
The Khiagdinskoye mine is a large open pit mine located in the southern part of Russia in Buryatia. Khiagdinskoye represents one of the largest uranium reserves in Russia having estimated reserves of 22 million tonnes of ore grading 0.05% uranium.

Buryatia
Buryatia, officially the Republic of Buryatia, is a republic of Russia located in the Russian Far East. Formerly part of the Siberian Federal District, it has been administered as part of the Far Eastern Federal District since 2018. To its north lie Irkutsk Oblast and Lake Baikal, the deepest lake in the world; Zabaykalsky Krai to the east; Tuva to the west and Mongolia to the south. Its capital is the city of Ulan-Ude. It has an area of 351,300 square kilometers (135,600 sq mi) with a population of 978,588 (2021 Census). It is home to the indigenous Buryats.
Hassan Khosrowshahi
Hassan Khosrowshahi CM OBC (Persian: حسن خسروشاهی; born 1940) is an Iranian and Canadian business magnate, investor, and philanthropist. He  founded Future Shop, a Canadian consumer electronics chain store that was acquired by Best Buy in 2001 for c. $580 million. He currently invests via his family office, Persis Holdings Ltd.

Khosrowshahi had an estimated net worth of $1.16 billion in 2016.

Chain store
A chain store or retail chain is a retail outlet in which several locations share a brand, central management, and standardized business practices. They have come to dominate many retail markets, dining markets, and service categories in many parts of the world. A franchised retail establishment is one form of a chain store.  In 2005, the world's largest retail chain, Walmart, became the world's largest corporation based on gross sales.
Lisseth Ayoví
Lisseth Betzaida Ayoví Cabezas (born 7 August 1998, Machala) is an Ecuadorian weightlifter. She won the bronze medal in the women's +87 kg event at the 2023 World Weightlifting Championships held in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Machala
Machala (Spanish pronunciation: [maˈtʃala]) is a city in south-west Ecuador. It is the capital of the El Oro Province, and is located near the Gulf of Guayaquil on fertile lowlands. Machala has a population of 288,072 according to the 2022 census; it is the sixth-biggest city in the country, and the second-most important port. It has been referred to as the Banana Capital of the World.
Euskal Kopa
The Basque Cup, more commonly known as Euskal Kopa, is the regional preseason basketball cup competition that has been organized by the Basque Basketball Federation since 2011, in the Basque Country, Spain.

Nowadays, the teams that play in this preseason cup competition are the Liga ACB, LEB Oro, LEB Plata and Liga EBA teams.

Tercera FEB
The Tercera FEB, formerly known as Liga EBA (Liga Española de Baloncesto Aficionado), is a Spanish basketball championship that is the fourth tier level in the Spanish basketball league system, after the Liga ACB, Primera FEB and Segunda FEB. It is administered by the FEB. It was previously the Spanish second tier level competition from 1994 to 1996, the third tier level from 1996 to 2000, and the fifth tier level, from 2007 to 2009.

From the 2024–25 season it will be named Tercera FEB.
Cycling at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's BMX
The women's BMX racing competition at the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro took place on 17 and 19 August 2016 at the Olympic BMX Centre.

The medals were presented by Camiel Eurlings, IOC member, Netherlands and Brian Cookson, President of the UCI.

Brian Cookson
Michael Brian Cookson OBE (born 22 June 1951) is the former president of the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), having been elected to the post in September 2013 at the 2013 UCI Road World Championships.

Cookson previously served as president of British Cycling from 1997 to 2013, after becoming a member of an emergency committee to rescue it from insolvency in 1996. He has been credited with turning the sport around since taking on his unpaid role as president and under his presidency, British cyclists have won 19 Olympic gold medals, 28 Paralympic Gold medals, the Tour de France five times, and multiple World Championship titles in disciplines of Road, Track and BMX.
Didier Le Gac
Didier Le Gac is a French politician representing La République En Marche! and Territories of Progress. He was elected to the French National Assembly on 18 June 2017, representing the 3rd constituency of the department of Finistère.

Finistère
Finistère (/ˌfɪnɪˈstɛər/; French: [finistɛʁ] ⓘ; Breton: Penn-ar-Bed [ˌpɛnarˈbeːt]) is a department of France in the extreme west of Brittany. Its prefecture is Quimper and its largest city is Brest. In 2019, it had a population of 915,090.
Phellinus igniarius
Phellinus igniarius (syn. Phellinus trivialis), commonly known as the willow bracket, fire sponge, false tinder polypore, punk ash polypore, or false tinder conk, is a fungus of the family Hymenochaetaceae. Like other members of the genus of Phellinus, it lives by saprotrophic nutrition, in which the lignin and cellulose of a host tree is degraded and is a cause of white rot.

The fungus forms perennial fruiting bodies that rise as woody-hard, hoof or disc-shaped brackets from the bark of the infested living tree or dead log. The tree species is often willow but it may be commonly found on birch and alder and other broad leafed trees. The top is covered with a dark, often cracked crust, a stem is present only in its infancy. Unlike most fungi, it has a hard woody consistency and may persist for many years, building a new surface layer each year.

Hymenochaetaceae
The Hymenochaetaceae are a family of fungi in the order Hymenochaetales. The family contains several species that are implicated in many diseases of broad-leaved and coniferous trees, causing heart rot, canker and root diseases, and also esca disease of grapevines.
Ernest Ward
Ernest Ward (30 July 1920 – 9 July 1987) was an English rugby league footballer who played in the 1940s and 1950s, and coached in the 1950s. He played at representative level for Great Britain, British Empire, Combined Nationalities and England, and at club level for Bradford Northern (captain), and Castleford, as a goal-kicking fullback, centre or second-row, and coached at club level for Castleford. Ernest Ward was a Private in the British Army during World War II.

1943–44 Challenge Cup
The 1943–44 Challenge Cup was the 43rd staging of rugby league's oldest knockout competition, the Challenge Cup.

The final was contested by Bradford Northern and Wigan, and was played over two legs. The final was won by Bradford Northern 8–3 on aggregate.
Smashing gong-jian-fa
Smashing gong-jian-fa (simplified Chinese: 砸烂公检法; traditional Chinese: 砸爛公檢法), or smashing the Police, the Procuratorate and the Court, was a movement launched during the Chinese Cultural Revolution (1966–1976) with the support of Mao Zedong. The movement aimed at destroying the "old" public security organizations (公; gong), the public prosecution organizations (检; jian), and the judicial system (法; fa), which were subsequently being placed under military control. More than 34,000 police officers nationwide (some says 340,000) were persecuted during the movement, with over 1,200 killed and over 3,600 crippled.

Public prosecutor's office
Public prosecutor's offices are criminal justice bodies attached to the judiciary.

They are separate from the courts in Germany, Austria and the German-speaking parts of Switzerland, and are called the Staatsanwaltschaft (German: [ˈʃtaːt͡sʔanˌvaltʃaft] ⓘ).

This kind of office also exists in China, Taiwan and Macau (which continues to follow the Portuguese legal system), North Korea, and in some countries in Central Europe including Slovakia, Hungary, Slovenia, Poland and the Czech Republic.
Shooting at the 2004 Summer Paralympics
Shooting in the 2004 Summer Paralympics consisted of twelve events spread over two main classes:

Class SH 1 - Pistol and rifle competitors who don't require a shooting stand

Class SH 2 - Rifle competitors who require a shooting stand due to disability in the upper limbs

The contests were held at the Markopoulo Olympic Shooting Centre.

Markopoulo Olympic Shooting Centre
The Markopoulo Olympic Shooting Centre was the site of the shooting events at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece. The venue is located in Markópoulo, on the outskirts of the eastern suburbs of Athens. It has a seating capacity of 4,000, though a public capacity of only 2,330 for the Olympics. The venue was completed in March, 2004 and officially opened on August 2, 2004, shortly before the beginning of the Olympics.

The facility is now in the process of being converted to the official shooting range and training center of the Hellenic Police.