hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cambrian quarry
The Cambrian quarry was a slate quarry, located to the west of Glyn Ceiriog in Denbighshire, North Wales. There was some small-scale extraction of slate from the 17th century, but commercial extraction began in 1857, and the scale of operation increased from 1873, when the Glyn Valley Tramway opened, providing an easier route to market for the output of the quarry. Production after 1938 was on a reduced scale, and the quarry closed in the winter of 1946/47, mainly due to a lack of workers.

Glyn Ceiriog
Glyn Ceiriog (Welsh: Glynceiriog) is the principal settlement of the Ceiriog Valley and a community in Wrexham County Borough, north-east Wales. Glyn Ceiriog translates simply as Ceiriog Valley, though there are other villages in the valley. The village and community is technically known, in traditional Welsh naming style, as Llansantffraid Glyn Ceiriog or sometimes Llansanffraid Glyn Ceiriog, which means church of St Ffraid (the Welsh name of Saint Brigid of Kildare) in the Ceiriog Valley, but it has come to be known simply as Glyn Ceiriog, or even Glyn for short. The name Llansanffraid is now more associated with other villages of the same name.

It is in the Clwyd South Senedd constituency and the Montgomeryshire and Glyndŵr UK parliamentary constituency.

A former slate mining village, it lies on the River Ceiriog and on the B4500 road, about 6 miles (10 km) west of Chirk. It is south of Llangollen.
Bernhard von Kugler
Bernhard von Kugler (14 June 1837 – 7 April 1898) was a German historian. He is largely known for his research of the Crusades.

He studied at the Universities of Greifswald, Tübingen and Munich, obtaining his habilitation in history at University of Munich  in 1861. Later, he became an associate professor (1867) and a full professor of history (1874) at the University of Tübingen.

He was the son of art historian Franz Theodor Kugler (1808–1858).

University of Greifswald
The University of Greifswald (German: [ˈɡʁaɪfsvalt]; German: Universität Greifswald), formerly known as Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University of Greifswald, is a public research university located in Greifswald, Germany, in the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.

Founded in 1456, it is one of the oldest universities in Europe, with generations of notable alumni and staff having studied or worked in Greifswald. As the fourth oldest university in present Germany, it was temporarily also the oldest university of the Kingdoms of Sweden (1648–1815) and Prussia (1815–1945), respectively. Approximately two-thirds of the 10,179 students are from outside the state, including international students from 90 countries all over the world.
Tarumi, Hyōgo
Tarumi (垂水町, Tarumi-cho) was a town formed in 1889 in Akashi District, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. In July 1941 it merged into the Suma ward of Kobe. The town's boundaries at the time of the merger generally coincide with the current Tarumi ward of Kobe.

Municipalities of Japan
Municipalities are a level of administration in Japan. The country has three levels of governments: national, prefectural, and municipal.

The nation is divided into 47 prefectures (within these, one metropolis, one regional prefecture, and two urban prefectures). Each prefecture consists of numerous municipalities, with 1,718 in total as of October 2018.

There are four types of municipalities in Japan: cities (市, shi), towns (町, chō), villages (村, son) and special wards of Tokyo (区, ku). In Japanese, this system is known as shikuchōson (市区町村), where each kanji in the word represents one of the four types of municipalities. In Tokyo, because the wards are at the center, the system is officially referred to as kushichōson (区市町村), with the wards first, and cities second.

Some designated cities also have further administrative subdivisions, also known as wards, but, unlike the special wards of Tokyo, these wards are not municipalities.
Portugal at the 1912 Summer Olympics
Portugal's first participation in the Summer Olympic Games took place at the 1912 Summer Olympics in Stockholm, Sweden. The nation was represented by a delegation of six competitors, who took part in three sports but failed to win a medal. The Portuguese debut participation was marked by the death of flag bearer Francisco Lázaro, who succumbed to electrolytic imbalance after the marathon race.

Francisco Lázaro
Francisco Lázaro (21 January 1888 – 15 July 1912) was a Portuguese Olympic marathon runner and Portugal's standard-bearer in their first-ever participation at the Olympic Games, the 1912 Summer Olympics in Stockholm, Sweden.
Awatere River
The Awatere River is a large river flowing through Marlborough, New Zealand. Flowing along the trace of the active Awatere Fault, it runs northeast through a straight valley to the west of the Inland Kaikōura mountains. This valley is parallel with that of the Waiau Toa / Clarence River, 20 kilometres (12 mi) to the south.

It flows for 110 kilometres (68 mi) from its source in the mountainous interior to reach Cook Strait close to the town of Seddon.

The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "swift river" for Awatere in Māori.

Picton, New Zealand
Picton (Māori: Waitohi) is a town in the Marlborough Region of New Zealand's South Island. The town is located near the head of the Queen Charlotte Sound / Tōtaranui, 25 km (16 mi) north of Blenheim and 65 km (40 mi) west of Wellington. Waikawa lies just north-east of Picton and is considered to be a contiguous part of the Picton urban area.

Picton is a major hub in New Zealand's transport network, connecting the South Island road and rail network with ferries across Cook Strait to Wellington and the North Island. The Picton urban area has a population of 4,850  (June 2025), making it the second-largest town in the Marlborough Region behind Blenheim. It is the easternmost town in the South Island with a population of at least 1,000 people.
Rados (surname)
Rados is a surname with various origins. Notable people with the surname include:

Antonia Rados (born 1953), Austrian television journalist

Ferenc Rados (1934–2025), Hungarian pianist

Gusztáv Rados (1862–1942), Hungarian mathematician

Konstantinos Rados (1785–1865), Greek revolutionary

Luigi Rados (1773–1840), Italian engraver

Konstantinos Rados
Konstantinos Rados (Greek: Κωνσταντίνος Ράδος, 1785-1865) was a Greek merchant and member of the Filiki Eteria, a secret organization whose purpose was to overthrow the Ottoman rule of Greece. He took part in the Greek War of Independence against the Ottomans and during the governance of Ioannis Kapodistrias he held important administrative positions.
Cation-chloride cotransporter
The cation-chloride cotransporter (CCC) family (TC# 2.A.30) is part of the APC superfamily of secondary carriers. Members of the CCC family are found in animals, plants, fungi and bacteria. Most characterized CCC family proteins are from higher eukaryotes, but one has been partially characterized from Nicotiana tabacum (a plant), and homologous ORFs have been sequenced from Caenorhabditis elegans (worm), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast) and Synechococcus sp. (blue green bacterium). The latter proteins are of unknown function. These proteins show sequence similarity to members of the APC family (TC #2.A.3). CCC family proteins are usually large (between 1000 and 1200 amino acyl residues), and possess 12 putative transmembrane spanners flanked by large N-terminal and C-terminal hydrophilic domains.

Transporter Classification Database
The Transporter Classification Database (or TCDB) is an International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (IUBMB)-approved classification system for membrane transport proteins, including ion channels.
Pavarotti in the Park
Pavarotti in the Park was a concert held on 30 July 1991 featuring the Italian opera singer Luciano Pavarotti with the Philharmonia Orchestra and Philharmonia Chorus under conductor Leone Magiera in London's Hyde Park. The concert was attended by an estimated audience of 150,000.

Cesare Andrea Bixio
Cesare Andrea Bixio (11 October 1896 – 5 March 1978) was an Italian composer.

He was one of the most popular Italian songwriters of the 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s.

Bixio was born in Naples, Italy. His hits included Vivere; Mamma; Parlami d'amore, Mariù; La mia canzone al vento, and many others. The lyricist for many of his hits was Bixio Cherubini.

Famous singers who performed Bixio's songs included Beniamino Gigli, Tito Schipa, Carlo Buti, Giuseppe Di Stefano, and Luciano Pavarotti.

He died in Rome in 1978, aged 81.
Transport in Kenya
Transport in Kenya refers to the transportation structure in Kenya. The country has an extensive network of paved and unpaved roads.

Kenya's railway system links the nation's ports and major cities and connects Kenya with neighbouring Uganda. There are 15 airports with paved runways.

Gross tonnage
Gross tonnage (GT, G.T. or gt) is a nonlinear measure of a ship's overall internal volume.  Gross tonnage is different from gross register tonnage.  Neither gross tonnage nor gross register tonnage should be confused with measures of mass or weight such as deadweight tonnage or displacement.

Gross tonnage, along with net tonnage, was defined by the International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships, 1969, adopted by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in 1969, and came into force on 18 July 1982.  These two measurements replaced gross register tonnage (GRT) and net register tonnage (NRT).  Gross tonnage is calculated based on "the moulded volume of all enclosed spaces of the ship" and is used to determine things such as a ship's manning regulations, safety rules, registration fees, and port dues, whereas the older gross register tonnage is a measure of the volume of only certain enclosed spaces.
Charley Fox
Charles William Fox, DFC
and Bar, CD  (February 26, 1920 – October 18, 2008) was a Flight Lieutenant in the Royal Canadian Air Force in World War II. He attended Guelph Collegiate Vocational Institute.

Flight lieutenant
Flight lieutenant (Flt Lt or F/L) is a junior officer rank used by some air forces, with origins from the Royal Air Force. The rank originated in the Royal Naval Air Service (RNAS) in 1914. It fell into abeyance when the RNAS merged with the Royal Flying Corps during the First World War but was revived in 1919 in the post-war RAF. The rank is used by air forces of many countries that have historical British influence.

Flight lieutenant is immediately senior to flying officer and immediately below squadron leader. It is usually equivalent to the rank of lieutenant in the navy and of the rank of captain in other services.

The equivalent rank in the former Women's Auxiliary Air Force (WAAF), Women's Royal Air Force (WRAF) and Princess Mary's Royal Air Force Nursing Service (PMRAFNS) (until 1980) was flight officer.
Advantage Energy
Advantage Energy Ltd. is a Canadian oil and gas company based in Calgary, Alberta. The company is focused on the development of its Montney fossil gas and liquids resource play to provide Canadian energy. In 2019, it produced 45,833 barrels of oil equivalent per day, with 94% of production consisting of natural gas and 6% light oil and liquids   with a low emission intensity of 4 kg CO2e/boe. It is listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the symbol TSX: AAV.

Unconventional (oil and gas) reservoir
Unconventional (oil and gas) reservoirs, or unconventional resources (resource plays) are accumulations where oil and gas phases are tightly bound to the rock fabric by strong capillary forces, requiring specialized measures for evaluation and extraction.
2011 AFC Champions League
The 2011 AFC Champions League was the 30th edition of the top-level Asian club football tournament organized by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC), and the 9th under the current AFC Champions League title. The winners, Al-Sadd qualified for the 2011 FIFA Club World Cup in Japan.

Qatar Football Association
The Qatar Football Association (Arabic: الاتحاد القطري لكرة القدم, romanized: al-Ittiḥād al-Qaṭariyy li-Kurat al-Qadam) is the governing body of football in Qatar. The QFA was founded in 1960 and is based in Doha, Qatar. It became a member of FIFA in 1972 and of AFC in 1974. The Qatar Football Association organizes the main leagues of the Qatar football league system: Qatar Stars League, Qatari Second Division, including domestic cups: Qatar Cup, Emir of Qatar Cup, Sheikh Jassim Cup, Qatari Stars Cup and Qatar FA Cup. The association is also responsible for the men's, U-17, U-20, U-23, women's national teams and the local women's, youth and futsal football leagues.
Erina Castriota
Erina Castriota (Albanian: Erina Kastrioti), also known as Irina Castriota,  was an Albanian princess from the House of Kastrioti. She was the 3rd Duchess of San Pietro in Galatina, 3rd Countess of Soleto and Princess of Bisignano.

Albanian nobility
The Albanian nobility was an elite hereditary ruling class in Albania, parts of the western Balkans and later in parts of the Ottoman world. The Albanian nobility was composed of landowners of vast areas, often in allegiance to states like the Byzantine Empire, various Serbian states, the Republic of Venice, the Ottoman Empire and the Kingdom of Naples in addition to the Albanian principalities. They often used Byzantine, Latin or Slavic titles, such as sebastokrator, despot, dux, conte and župan. Notably, they also constructed religious sites, castles and had powerful courts. The Albanian principalities were usually divided in history except during the Principality of Arbanon when there was only one Albanian state ruled by one dynasty, and also during the League of Lezhë where most of the Albanian nobility and peasant communities unified under a military alliance against the Ottoman Empire.
Beck (EP)
Beck (also known as Beck.com B-Sides) is an EP by the American musician Beck, consisting of B-sides from the Midnite Vultures era, released in 2001. The EP was initially planned to be released in mid-1998. Only 10,000 copies were printed, which were only available on Beck's website. The EP was an enhanced CD and it also included the "Nicotine & Gravy" video.

The track "Arabian Nights" had previously been available only on a Japanese release of Midnite Vultures. Remixes of "Mixed Bizness" were by fans, submitted for an online contest. The track "Zatyricon" includes the recording, by producer Tony Hoffer, of a telephone call to a plastic surgery clinic. Critic Nick Hyman of Under the Radar, in a positive review, singled out the track "Dirty Dirty", writing that it "sounds like Beck had one too many while hanging out with Basement Jaxx and went into the studio and laid down the track".

Under the Radar (magazine)
Under the Radar is an American music magazine that features interviews with accompanying photo-shoots. Each issue includes opinion and commentary of the indie music scene as well as reviews of books, DVDs, and albums. The magazine posts web-exclusive interviews and reviews on its website.

Items are reviewed based on a rating system in which each album, book, and DVD receives a rating from 1 to 10. The magazine has been in publication since late 2001 and is issued three times per year.

The magazine was founded by co-publishers (and husband and wife) Mark Redfern and Wendy Lynch Redfern, who currently run the magazine. Mark is the magazine's Senior Editor and writes many of the magazine's articles. Wendy is the Creative Director and lays out each issue. She is also a music photographer and conducts photo-shoots for the magazine, including many of its covers.
Tubocapsicum
Tubocapsicum is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Solanaceae.

Its native range is Tropical Asia and Temperate Asia.

Species:

Tubocapsicum anomalum (Franch. & Sav.) Makino

Tubocapsicum boninense (Koidz.) Koidz. ex H.Hara

Tropical Asia
Tropical Asia refers to the entirety of the areas in Asia with a tropical climate. These areas are of geographic and economic importance due to their natural resources and biodiversity, which include many species of agricultural value. There are 16 countries in tropical Asia, ranging in size from around 610 square kilometres (240 square miles) (Singapore) to 3,000,000 km2 (1,200,000 sq mi) (India). The total population as of 2006 was 1.6 billion, predominantly rural, and projected to reach 2.4 billion by 2025. Climate in tropical Asia is subject to seasonal weather patterns with the two monsoons and the amount of tropical cyclones in the three core areas of cyclogenesis (the Bay of Bengal, north Pacific Ocean and South China Sea). Stressors on the environment include growing urbanization, land industrialization, economic development, land degradation, environmental issues, and increased pollution, all of which are contributing to changes in climate.
Hashøj Municipality
Until 1 January 2007 Hashøj Municipality was a municipality (Danish: kommune) in the former West Zealand County, on southwest Zealand, in eastern Denmark. The municipality covered an area of 130.75 km2, and had a total population of 6,681 (2006).  Its last mayor was Troels Christensen, a member of the Venstre party.

Hashøj Municipality bordered Skælskør Municipality to the south, Korsør Municipality to the west, Slagelse Municipality to the north, Sorø Municipality to the northeast and Fuglebjerg Municipality to the east.

The municipality ceased to exist as the result of Kommunalreformen 2007 (the Municipality Reform of 2007). It was merged with Slagelse, Korsør and Skælskør municipalities to form a new Slagelse municipality. The new municipality belongs to Region Zealand.

Venstre (Denmark)
Venstre (Danish: [ˈvenstʁɐ], lit. 'Left', V), full name Venstre, Danmarks Liberale Parti (English: Left, Denmark's Liberal Party), is a conservative-liberal, agrarian political party in Denmark. Founded as part of a peasants' movement against the landed aristocracy, today it espouses an economically liberal, pro-free-market ideology.

Venstre is the major party of the centre-right in Denmark, and the second-largest party in the country. The party has produced many Prime Ministers. In the 2022 general elections, Venstre received 13.3% of the vote and 23 out of 179 seats. Following the resignation of Jakob Ellemann-Jensen, the party is led by Troels Lund Poulsen who serves as the country's Deputy Prime Minister. Since December 2022, the party has been a junior partner in the second Frederiksen government.

The party is a member of Liberal International and the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (ALDE) and has four MEPs in the European Parliament.
C. P. Ream
Cadurcis Plantagenet Ream, also referred to as Carducius Plantagenet Ream (May 8, 1838, Sugar Grove, Ohio - 20 June 1917, Chicago), was an American still-life painter who specialized in fruit. The currently available art gallery and biographical sources are almost evenly divided as to what his actual first name was. Some give both.

Sugar Grove, Ohio
Sugar Grove is a village in Fairfield County, Ohio, United States. The population was 372 at the 2020 census.

Located at the confluence of Rush Creek and the Hocking River, Sugar Grove has been called the "gateway to the Hocking Hills", due to its location along U.S. Route 33 between Lancaster and the Hocking Hills region. The village was incorporated in 1851 and historically served as a stop along the canal and early transport routes.
Brigitte Neveux
Brigitte Neveux is a French politician.

In the 2004 regional elections, she led the FN list in Brittany and obtained 8.47% of the votes in the first round, below the 10% threshold for a place in the runoff. Therefore, no members of the FN were elected to the Regional Council of Brittany.

In 2009, the FN selected Neveux to head the FN list in the West France constituency for the 2009 European elections. Her list gained 3.06% of the vote, not enough to elect a member to the European Parliament.

In 2009, she was selected to be the National Front's top candidate in the Pays de la Loire region for the 2010 regional elections.

In the 2015 regional elections, she was on the list in the Pays de la Loire region for the National Front and elected.

In the 2022 legislative election, Neveux ran as a candidate for Éric Zemmour's Reconquête party in Vendée's 2nd legislative constituency. She finished seventh.

Regional Council of Brittany
The Regional Council of Brittany (French: Conseil régional de Bretagne, Breton: Kuzul Rannvroel Breizh) is the regional legislature of the region of Brittany in France. It is composed of 83 councillors, elected in 2015, in office for six years until 2021.
Marcel Jean
Marcel Jean (1900 in La Charité-sur-Loire, France - 4 December 1993 in Louveciennes, France) was a French painter, writer, and sculptor who joined the surrealist movement in 1933.

He is perhaps best known for his trompe l'oeil painting Armoire Surrealiste now in the permanent collection of the Musée des Arts Décoratifs, Paris. 
His work is also in the Peggy Guggenheim Collection and that of MoMA in New York City.

He authored two books on the history of Surrealism, Surrealism Histoire de la Peinture Surréaliste and L’Autobiographie du Surréalisme.

Jean was a close friend of Marcel Duchamp.

Musée des Arts Décoratifs, Paris
The Musée des Arts Décoratifs (French pronunciation: [myze dez‿aʁ dekɔʁatif], English: Museum of Decorative Arts) is a museum in Paris, France, dedicated to the exhibition and preservation of the decorative arts. Located in the city’s 1st arrondissement, the museum occupies the Pavillon de Marsan, the north-western wing of the Palais du Louvre. With approximately one million objects in its collection, the Musée des Arts Décoratifs is the largest museum of decorative arts in continental Europe. It is one of three museums operated by the non-profit arts association MAD, founded in 1882.
Maharashtra Police
Maharashtra Police (IAST: Mahārāṣṭra Polīs Sēvā, formerly Bombay State Police) is the law enforcement agency responsible for the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is headed by Director General of Police, Sadanand Date (IPS), and headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra.

It is one of the largest police departments in the country, having about 36 district police units in the state. The Maharashtra Police Department has a strength of nearly 1.95 lakh. It also has 15,000 women in its force.

Amravati
Amravati is a city in Maharashtra located in the Vidarbha region. It is the ninth largest city in Maharashtra, India & second largest city in the Vidarbha region in terms of population. It is the administrative headquarter of Amravati district as well as Amravati Division which includes Amravati District, Akola District, Buldhana District, Washim District & Yavatmal District. It is one of Maharashtra's nominated cities under Smart Cities Mission.
Coptotriche fuscomarginella
Coptotriche fuscomarginella is a moth of the family Tischeriidae. It was described by Vactor Tousey Chambers in 1875. It is found in the US states of Kentucky, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Ohio and Virginia.

The larvae feed on Castanea dentata, Quercus muehlenbergii and Quercus prinus. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Quercus montana
Quercus montana, the chestnut oak, is a species of oak in the white oak group, Quercus sect. Quercus. It is native to the eastern United States, where it is one of the most important ridgetop trees from southern Maine southwest to central Mississippi, with an outlying northwestern population in southern Michigan. It is also sometimes called rock oak because of its presence in montane and other rocky habitats.