hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Zeitschriftendatenbank
The Zeitschriftendatenbank, or ZDB (translated as: German Union Catalogue of Serials), is the central bibliographical database for title and ownership records of ongoing collections in Germany and Austria, for example, from trade journals, magazines and newspapers. The ZDB holds records of almost all German scientific libraries and many other public libraries and is freely available on the Internet. The journal database is managed by the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin (SBB) in cooperation with the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek (DNB), the German National Library, which is responsible for the technical system support and further development.

Berlin State Library
The Berlin State Library (German: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin; officially abbreviated as SBB, colloquially Stabi) is a universal library in Berlin, Germany, and a property of the German public cultural organization the Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation (German: Stiftung Preußischer Kulturbesitz).

Founded in 1661, it is among the largest libraries in Europe, and one of the most important academic research libraries in the German-speaking world. It collects texts, media and cultural works from all fields across many languages, from all time periods and all countries of the world, and offers them for academic and research purposes.

Prominent items in its collection include the oldest biblical illustrations in the fifth-century Quedlinburg Itala fragment, a Gutenberg Bible, the main autograph collection of Goethe, the world's largest collection of Johann Sebastian Bach's and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's manuscripts, and the original score of Ludwig van Beethoven's Symphony № 9.
1977 Paris Open – Doubles
Tom Okker and Marty Riessen were the defending champions but did not compete that year.

Brian Gottfried and Raúl Ramírez won the doubles title in the final of the 1977 Paris Open tennis tournament 6–2, 6–0 against Jeff Borowiak and Roger Taylor.

Marty Riessen
Marty Riessen (born December 4, 1941) is an American former amateur and professional tennis player active from the 1960s to the 1980s. He was ranked as high as No. 11 in the world in singles on the ATP rankings in September 1974, though was ranked as high as world No. 8 by Lance Tingay of The Daily Telegraph in 1971 before the computer rankings. Renowned for his doubles play, Riessen was also a regular doubles partner of Australian tennis great Margaret Court, winning six of his seven major mixed titles and a career Grand Slam alongside her. Additionally a winner of two men's doubles Grand Slams, his highest doubles ranking was No. 3 in March 1980.
Teluk Tempoyak
Teluk Tempoyak is a coastal village within the city of George Town in the Malaysian state of Penang. It is located near the southeastern tip of Penang Island, about 16 km (9.9 mi) south of the city centre. The village lies just south of Batu Maung and faces the Penang Strait to the east.

Central George Town, Penang
Central George Town is the city centre of George Town, the capital of the Malaysian state of Penang. It corresponds to the eponymous subdivision of George Town, which is mostly identical to the original city limits established when George Town was granted city status in 1957.

Encompassing 19 km2 (7.3 sq mi) of the northeastern promontory of Penang Island, the city centre stretches from Gurney Drive in the northwest to The Light Waterfront development in the southeast, encompassing the Central Business District and the 260 ha (2.6 km2) UNESCO World Heritage Site. It is also home to the seats of the executive and legislative branches of the Penang state government.
North Bergen School District
The North Bergen School District is a comprehensive community public school district that serves students in pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade from North Bergen, in Hudson County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the district, comprised of eight schools, had an enrollment of 7,165 students and 553.4 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 13.0:1.

Students from Guttenberg attend the district's high school as part of a sending/receiving relationship with the Guttenberg Public School District.

New Jersey Department of Education
The New Jersey Department of Education (NJ DOE) administers state and federal aid programs affecting more than 1.4 million public and non-public elementary and secondary school children in the state of New Jersey. The department is headquartered in the Judge Robert L. Carter Building in Trenton.
Kansas City Roller Warriors
The Kansas City Roller Warriors (KCRW) is a women's flat track roller derby league based in Kansas City, Kansas that was founded in 2004. The members of the league are split into four home teams that play within the league and two travel teams that represent KCRW in competition with other leagues. KCRW is a founding member of the Women's Flat Track Derby Association (WFTDA), and the Kansas City Roller Warriors All Star travel team was the winner of the 2007 WFTDA Championships, the "Texas Shootout", which took place in Austin, Texas.

Roller derby
Roller derby is a roller skating contact sport played on an oval track by two teams of five skaters. It is played by approximately 1,250 amateur leagues worldwide, though it is most popular in the United States.

A 60-minute roller derby game, or bout, is a series of two-minute timed jams.  Each team, typically with a roster of 15, fields five skaters during each jam: one jammer, designated with a star on their helmet, and four blockers. During each jam, players skate counterclockwise on a circuit track. The jammer scores a point for each opposing blocker they lap. The blockers simultaneously defend by hindering the opposing jammer, while also playing offense by maneuvering to aid their own jammer. Because roller derby uses a penalty box, power jams, in which one team has a temporary numerical advantage after a foul, can have a major effect on scoring.
Ismaël de Lesseps
Ferdinand Marie Ismaël de Lesseps (27 November 1871 – 30 September 1915), known as Ismaël de Lesseps, was a French fencer. He competed in the individual and team sabre events at the 1908 Summer Olympics. He was killed in action during World War I. He was the brother of Bertrand Marie de Lesseps and son of Ferdinand de Lesseps.

Sabre (fencing)
The sabre (US English: saber, both pronounced /ˈseɪbər/) is one of the three disciplines of modern fencing alongside foil & epee. The sabre weapon is for thrusting and cutting with both the cutting edge and the back of the blade (unlike the other modern fencing weapons, the épée and foil, where a touch is scored only using the point of the blade).

The informal term sabre fencer refers to sabre fencers of both genders.
Circle rules football
Circle rules football, commonly referred to as circle rules, is a team sport played between two teams of six with a large spherical ball similar to a stability ball. Invented in New York City in 2006, the sport is currently played in cities across the United States, as well as in several international locations.

The game is played on a circular field with a central goal. The goal has no net, as the two teams score through the goal from opposing directions. Around the goal is a circular area called the "key", which only the teams' goalies may enter. Players outside the key may touch the ball with any part of their bodies, allowing them to dribble, kick, roll, carry, and throw the ball, but they may not hold the ball in any way that restricts its movement. The team that scores the most goals by the end of the match wins.

Exercise ball
An exercise ball is a ball constructed of soft elastic, typically in 5 diameters of 10 cm increments, from 35 to 95 cm (14 to 37 in), and filled with air. The air pressure is changed by removing a valve stem and either filling with air or letting the ball deflate. It is most often used in physical therapy, athletic training and exercise. It can also be used for weight training.

The ball is also known by various other names, for instance: balance ball, birth ball, sitball, body ball, fitness ball, gym ball, gymnastic ball, physio ball, pilates ball, Pezzi ball, stability ball, Swedish ball, Swiss ball, therapy ball, yoga ball, or medicine ball.
Azerbaijani Special Corps
Azerbaijani Special Corps (ASC; Azerbaijani: Əlahiddə Azərbaycan korpusu), was a military unit of the Azerbaijani Democratic Republic (ADR), formed from the basis of Caucasian Native Cavalry Division, or so-called "Savage Division". It was the first military unit of ADR's National Army, consisting of 5,000 men who served in the Russian Imperial Army.

Habib Bey Salimov
Habib bey Haji Yusif oglu Salimov (Azerbaijani: Həbib bəy Səlimov Hacı Yusif oğlu; February 8, 1881 – December 30, 1920) was the first Chief of General Staff of Azerbaijani Armed Forces of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic.
Massachusetts Comprehensive Assessment System
The Massachusetts Comprehensive Assessment system, commonly abbreviated as MCAS /ˈɛmkæs/, is Massachusetts's statewide standards-based assessment program developed in 1993 in response to the Massachusetts Education Reform Act of the same year. State and federal law mandates that all students who are enrolled in the tested grades and who are educated with Massachusetts public funds participate in MCAS testing.

If necessary, students are given multiple opportunities to take the test to maximize the chance that said student will pass the exam. In 2024, a ballot question was passed that made MCAS no longer a high school graduation requirement.

Student
A student is a person enrolled in a school or other educational institution, or more generally, a person who takes a special interest in a subject.

In the United Kingdom and most commonwealth countries, a "student" attends a secondary school or higher (e.g., college or university); those in primary or elementary schools are "pupils".
Trainee Cupid
Trainee Cupid (Chinese: 見習愛神) is the first Standard Chinese album by Hong Kong Cantopop girl group, Twins, released in 2005 by Emperor Entertainment Group. Various versions of this album exist, including of Hong Kong (3 version), Taiwan (3 version), Singapore/Malaysia (2 version) and China (2 version) versions. Also karaoke DVD and VCD versions of Trainee Cupid, featuring music videos of the songs listed below with few extra bonus videos, was released in August 2005.

The music video for Starlight Amusement features Taiwanese artist Danson Tang.

The tracks Trainee Cupid and Starlight Amusement were nominated for Top 10 Gold Songs at the Hong Kong TVB8 Awards, presented by television station TVB8, in 2005.

The album was awarded one of the 十大銷量國語唱片獲獎名單; 'Top 10 Selling Mandarin Albums of the Year' at the 2005 IFPI Hong Kong Album Sales Awards, presented by the Hong Kong branch of IFPI.

International Federation of the Phonographic Industry
The International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI) is the organisation that represents the interests of the recording industry worldwide. It is a non-profit members' organisation registered in Switzerland. It operates a secretariat based in London, with regional offices in Brussels, Hong Kong, Miami, Abu Dhabi, Singapore and Nairobi.
Acarobythites
Acarobythites larsonae, or Larson's cusk, is a species of viviparous brotula fish only known from reefs off the coast of the Northern Territory, Australia.  This species grows to a length of 2.5 centimetres (0.98 in) SL. This species is the only known member of genus Acarobythites. The specific name and common name both honour the curator of fishes at the Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory in Darwin, Northern Territory, Helen Larson who sent speciemsn of fish, especially Ophidiiformes, to the describer Yoshiko Machida for him to study.

Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory
The Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory (MAGNT) is the main museum in the Northern Territory. The headquarters of the museum is located in the inner Darwin suburb of The Gardens. The MAGNT is governed by the Board of the Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory and is supported by the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory Foundation. Each year the MAGNT presents both internally developed exhibitions and travelling exhibitions from around Australia. It is also the home of the annual Telstra National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Art Award, Australia's longest-running set of awards for Indigenous Australian artists.
Jiří Trvaj
Jiří Trvaj (born 13 April 1974) is a Czech professional ice hockey goaltender who currently plays with HC Olomouc in the Czech Extraliga.

Trvaj previously played for HC Kometa Brno, HC Havířov, HC Vítkovice, HC Slezan Opava, Lada Togliatti and HC Znojemští Orli.

HC Lada Togliatti
HC Lada Togliatti (Russian: ХК Лада) is a professional ice hockey club based in Tolyatti, Russia. It is a member of the Bobrov Division in the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL).

Togliatti were participants in the inaugural season of the KHL in 2008–09.  Due to a lack of a satisfactory arena, the KHL expelled the team and the team dropped one level to the Supreme Hockey League (VHL) for the 2010–11 season. They were allowed to rejoin the KHL for the 2014–15 season after the opening of the Lada Arena. However, the team was expelled again following the end of the 2017–18 season, and returned to the VHL. The team once again rejoined the KHL for the 2023–24 season. Lada initially played in the Kharlamov Division in the Eastern Conference, however with the withdrawal of HC Vityaz from the competition, Togliatti were moved to the Bobrov Division of the Western Conference prior to the 2025–26 season.
Oxbow code
In computer programming, oxbow code refers to fragments of program code that were once needed but which are now never used. Such code is typically formed when a program is modified, either when an item is superseded with a newer version but the old version is not removed, or when an item is removed or replaced, but the item's supporting code is not removed.

Such code is normally removed unless sufficiently amusing or educational.

Similarly, variables and data structures can be left around after the last code that used them has been removed, though these are more commonly called unused or unreferenced variables.

The term is taken by analogy with oxbow lakes, which are formed in nature when a bend in a river becomes so pronounced that the water breaks through from before the bend to after it, making the river straight again. When the sides of the new course silt up, a curved lake is left, disconnected from the main stream.

Unreferenced variable
An unreferenced variable in the source code of a computer program is a variable that is defined but which is never used.  This may result in a harmless waste of memory.  Many compilers detect such variables and do not allocate storage for them (i.e., "optimize away" their storage), generally also issuing a warning as they do.

Some coding guideline documents consider an unreferenced variable to be a symptom of a potential coding fault. On the other hand, unreferenced variables can be used as temporary placeholders to indicate further expected future developments in the code.
Charles Johnston (captive of Native Americans)
Charles Johnston (c.1770 – 1833) was an American lawyer and author who spent five weeks as a captive of a Shawnee group, and later wrote a captivity narrative of his experience. In 1790, he was traveling down the Ohio River by keelboat with his employer John May, a Kentucky land speculator, as well as dry goods dealer Jacob Skyles, frontiersman William Flinn, and sisters Dolly and Peggy Fleming. Near the juncture of the Ohio and Scioto Rivers, the party was lured to the bank by an Indian stratagem. May and Dolly Fleming were killed outright and the four others taken prisoner. Johnston spent five weeks with the Shawnee before being ransomed for six hundred silver brooches by Francis Duchouquet, a Canadian trader. Johnston repaid his redeemer upon returning to Virginia. In 1827, he wrote his memoirs, A Narrative of the Incidents Attending Capture, Detention, and Ransom of Charles Johnston. He died in 1833.

Keelboat
A keelboat is a small- to mid-sized recreational sailing yacht. Modern keelboats often have fixed fin keels, and considerable draft, but shoal draft or lifting keel designs exist also.

Keelboats have ballast to help keep the boat upright.

A keelboat has a cabin with accommodation for crew to sleep or cook. Though there can be some overlap, they are generally larger than dinghies, which are not ballasted and don't have cabins.

A keelboat is technically any sailboat with a keel and ballast —as opposed to a dinghy.

World Sailing (formerly the ISAF, formerly the IYRU) usage differentiates keelboats (including the 12-meter class) from generally larger yachts, despite overlap in the sizes of boats in the two classes. The 2025 Offshore Double Handed World Championship will use the Sun Fast 30 One Design.

The Olympic Games used keelboat to describe keeled boats such as the Soling which carries three crew, compared to larger boats such as the 12-metre class.
Metadyne
A metadyne is a direct current electrical machine with two pairs of brushes. It can be used as an amplifier or rotary transformer.  It is similar to a third brush dynamo but has additional regulator or "variator" windings. It is also similar to an amplidyne except that the latter has a compensating winding which fully counteracts the effect of the flux produced by the load current. The technical description is "a cross-field direct current machine designed to utilize armature reaction". A metadyne can convert a constant-voltage input into a constant-current, variable-voltage output.

Brush (electric)
A brush or carbon brush is an electrical contact, often made from specially prepared carbon, which conducts current between stationary and rotating parts (the latter most commonly being a rotating shaft) of an electrical machine. Typical applications include electric motors, alternators and electric generators. The lifespan of a carbon brush depends on how much the motor is used, and how much power is put through the motor.
Kampong Batu Apoi
Kampong Batu Apoi is a village in Temburong District, Brunei, about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) East from the district town Bangar. The population was 84 in 2021. It is one of the villages within Mukim Batu Apoi. The postcode is PC1151.

Postcodes in Brunei
Postal codes in Brunei Darussalam are known as postcodes (Malay: poskod), and they are alphanumeric; consisting of two letters followed by four digits.  Postcodes in Brunei are issued by the Postal Services Department, a government department under the Ministry of Communications.
Crash Palace
Crash Palace is an Australian television soap opera. The series ran for 65 half-hour episodes screening on subscription television channel Fox8. It also aired in the UK and Ireland on Sky1.

Revolving around The Royal, a backpacker hostel in Kings Cross, the show followed the trials and tribulations on a group of young travellers from all around the world.

Subscription business model
The subscription business model is a business model in which a customer must pay a recurring price at regular intervals for access to a product or service. The model was pioneered by publishers of books and periodicals in the 17th century. It is particularly common now for digital products, which lend themselves more naturally toward a subscription model.

Subscriptions can be a more convenient, hassle-free transaction for consumers. However, due to inertia among some consumers, they may inadvertently pay for subscriptions that they no longer value because they do not realize that they are subscribed.
Doctor Faustus (character)
Doctor Faustus (Johann Fennhoff) is a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character is depicted usually as an adversary of Captain America. An Austrian psychiatrist and criminal mastermind who employs psychological manipulation on his enemies, the character was created by writer Stan Lee and artist Jack Kirby, and first appeared in Captain America #107 (November 1968).

Johann Fennhoff appeared in the first season of the Marvel Cinematic Universe TV series Agent Carter, portrayed by Ralph Brown.

Supervillain
A supervillain, supervillainess or supercriminal is a variant of the villainous stock character. The character is a common archetype in comic books and other popular culture, often acting as the primary adversary of superheros.

Supervillains are often noted for their ability to foil heroes through the use of superpowers, their mental or physical capabilities, or their criminal influence, often creating grandiose schemes for nefarious purposes, such as world domination.
The Phone Rings Every Night
The Phone Rings Every Night (German: Nachts ging das Telefon) is a 1962 German drama film directed by Géza von Cziffra and starring Ingrid Andree, Karin Heske and Elke Sommer. Two rival gangs clash on a yacht in Saint-Tropez.

Cinema of Germany
The cinema of Germany can be traced back to the late 19th century. The film industry in Germany made major technical and artistic contributions to early film, broadcasting and television technology. Babelsberg became a household synonym for the early 20th century film industry in Europe, similar to Hollywood later. Early German and German-speaking filmmakers and actors heavily contributed to early Hollywood, many of whom were Jewish refugees fleeing Nazi persecution.

Germany witnessed major changes to its identity during the 20th and 21st century. Those changes determined the periodisation of national cinema into a succession of distinct eras and movements.

German movies and German artists earned 230 Oscar nominations and 54 Oscar wins.
2023 Irish budget
The 2023 Irish budget was the Irish Government Budget for the 2023 fiscal year, which was presented to Dáil Éireann on 27 September 2022 by Minister for Finance Paschal Donohoe, and the Minister for Public Expenditure and Reform Michael McGrath.

Paschal Donohoe
Paschal Donohoe (born 19 September 1974) is a former Irish Fine Gael politician who served in the Irish cabinet from 2014 to 2025, most notably as Minister for Finance from 2017 to 2022 and from January to November 2025. He also served as President of the Eurogroup from July 2020 to November 2025. He was a Teachta Dála (TD) for Dublin Central from 2011 until November 2025. In November 2025, he resigned as Minister for Finance, President of the Eurogroup, and as a TD, to assume a position as Managing Director and Chief Knowledge Officer at the World Bank.
2012 Arab League summit
The 23rd Arab League Summit was the third one held in Baghdad and the first one since 1990, before the start of the Gulf War. The decision to grant the host rights to Iraq was made at the previous summit in Sirte. Among the subjects discussed were the Iraqi debts to its neighbors and the uprising in Syria. The summit marked the first time since the Invasion of Kuwait that an acting Emir (Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah) paid a visit to Iraq. The summit was also notable as being the first held since the beginning of the Arab Spring, during which the governments of several member states were overthrown by popular revolutions.

Emir of Kuwait
The Emir of the State of Kuwait (Arabic: أمير دولة الكويت) is the monarch and head of state of Kuwait, and is the country's most powerful office. The emirs of Kuwait are members of the Al Sabah dynasty.

Sheikh Mishal Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah became the emir of Kuwait on 16 December 2023, following the death of Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah.