hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Darauli
Darauli is a community development block and a town in district of Siwan, in Bihar state of India. It is one of 13 blocks of Siwan Subdivision. The headquarters of the block is at Darauli town.

The total area of the block is 172.80 square kilometres (66.72 sq mi) and the total population of the block as of the 2011 census of India is 174,357.

The block is divided into many gram panchayats and villages.

Community development block
In India, a community development block (CD block) or simply a block is a sub-division of a district, administratively earmarked for planning and development. In tribal areas, similar sub-divisions are called tribal development blocks (TD blocks). The area is administered by a block development officer (BDO), supported by several technical specialists and village-level workers. A community development block covers several gram panchayats, the local administrative units at the village level. A block is a rural subdivision and typically smaller than a tehsil. A tehsil is purely for revenue administration, whereas a block is for rural development purposes. In most states, a block is coterminous with the panchayat samiti area.
SARS
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a viral respiratory disease of zoonotic origin caused by the virus SARS-CoV-1, the first identified strain of the SARS-related coronavirus. The first known cases occurred in November 2002, and the syndrome caused the 2002–2004 SARS outbreak. In the 2010s, Chinese scientists traced the virus through the intermediary of Asian palm civets to cave-dwelling horseshoe bats in Xiyang Yi Ethnic Township, Yunnan.

SARS was a relatively rare disease; at the end of the epidemic in June 2003, the incidence was 8,422 cases with a case fatality rate (CFR) of 11%. No cases of SARS-CoV-1 have been reported worldwide since 2004.

In December 2019, a second strain of SARS-CoV was identified: SARS-CoV-2. This strain causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the disease behind the COVID-19 pandemic.

Asian palm civet
The Asian palm civet (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus), also called common palm civet, toddy cat and musang, is a viverrid native to South and Southeast Asia. Since 2008, it is IUCN Red Listed as least concern as it accommodates to a broad range of habitats. It is widely distributed with large populations that in 2008 were thought unlikely to be declining. It is threatened by poaching for the illegal wildlife trade.
Chicken fat
Chicken fat is fat obtained (usually as a by-product) from chicken rendering and processing. Of the many animal-sourced substances, chicken fat is noted for being high in linoleic acid, an omega-6 fatty acid. Linoleic acid levels are between 17.9% and 22.8%. It is a common flavoring, additive or main component of chicken soup. It is often used in pet foods, and has been used in the production of biodiesel. One method of converting chicken fat into biodiesel is through a process called supercritical methanol treatment.

By-product
A by-product or byproduct is a secondary product derived from a production process, manufacturing process or chemical reaction; it is not the primary product or service being produced.

A by-product can be useful and marketable or it can be considered waste: for example, bran, which is a byproduct of the milling of wheat into refined flour, is sometimes composted or burned for disposal, but in other cases, it can be used as a nutritious ingredient in human food or animal feed. Gasoline was once a byproduct of oil refining that later became a desirable commercial product as motor fuel. The plastic used in plastic shopping bags also started as a by-product of oil refining. By-products are sometimes called co-products to indicate that although they are secondary, they are desired products. For example, hides and leather may be called co-products of beef production. There is no strict distinction between by-products and co-products.
William Redfern
William Redfern (1775 – 17 July 1833) was the surgeon's first mate aboard HMS Standard during the May 1797 Nore mutiny, and at a court martial in August 1797 he was sentenced to death for his involvement. His sentence was later commuted and in 1801 he was transported to the Colony of New South Wales and assigned as an assistant to the Norfolk Island hospital. In this post he demonstrated the medical skills that enabled him to become one of the colony's most revered physicians and a pioneer in public health. Redfern advocated major reforms to sanitary conditions aboard convict ships and this significantly reduced the morbidity rates of convicts arriving in New South Wales. Later in life he became a highly successful farmer, bank director and an emancipist rights activist.

Joseph Foveaux
Joseph Foveaux (1767 – 20 March 1846) was a soldier and convict settlement administrator in colonial New South Wales, Australia. He was also a sheep grazier and breeder, being the largest landholder in New South Wales by 1800.
Maureen O'Connor (journalist)
Maureen O'Connor (born c. 1984) is an American journalist.

O'Connor first began blogging for IvyGate while a student at Princeton University, following stories such as the Yale student abortion art controversy in 2008. She moved to Gawker in November 2009. Among scoops she has been credited with breaking was a story about U.S. Congressman Chris Lee's solicitations for sexual partners via Craigslist in February 2011, quickly leading to Lee's resignation.

In May 2012, O'Connor was named features editor at New York magazine's The Cut. She started writing New York magazine's Sex Lives column in 2014, and launched New York magazine's Sex Lives podcast in 2015. She became a contributing editor at Vanity Fair in 2019.

Untitled (Senior Thesis)
Untitled [Senior Thesis] was a work of performance art by Aliza Shvarts which she conducted during 2008, the final year of her visual arts degree at Yale University. During the 9 month performance Shvarts inseminated herself, and on the twenty-eighth day of her menstrual cycle, she took herbal medications meant to induce menses or miscarriage (although she never knew if she was pregnant). The piece generated controversy at the time, and considerable debate revolved around whether or not the project was a "hoax" or "creative fiction". In subsequent years, scholars and critics have described that uncertainty as a core part of the work itself.
Kot Garewal
Kot Garewal is a village in the Phillaur tehsil of Jalandhar District of the Indian state of Punjab. It is located 2.7 kilometres (1.7 mi) away from the postal head office Dosanjh Kalan, 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) from Phagwara, 34 kilometres (21 mi) from Jalandhar, and 124 kilometres (77 mi) from the state capital of Chandigarh. The village is administered by the Sarpanch, an elected representative.

Phillaur
Phillaur is a town and a municipal council as well as a tehsil in Jalandhar district in the Indian state of Punjab. The city is situated 20 km from Ludhiana, 45 km from Jalandhar and 140 km from Amritsar. It is situated on the border of the Doaba and Puadh regions.This city was Founded by a Rajput Maharaja Ratan Pal Naru, during the 12-13th century to 1947 as Kingdom of Phulnagar, but later came to be known as Phillaur.
Shadow Weaver (The Choir album)
Shadow Weaver is the 16th studio release, and 14th full-length studio album, by alternative rock band the Choir, released in 2014. This was the last album to feature Marc Byrd as a member of the band, and the first time the Choir used crowdfunding to finance a new studio project. In 2019, UTR Media named Shadow Weaver as one of the "30 Best Gourmet Albums of the Decade (2010-2019)."

Steve Hindalong
Steve Hindalong (born November 29, 1959) is an American drummer, percussionist, songwriter and producer best known for his work with the alternative rock band the Choir. Since 2006, he has also been an official member of the alternative country supergroup Lost Dogs.

After becoming a prolific producer in the late 1990s, Hindalong received several Dove awards (2001 and 2003, "Special Event Album of the Year") for his work on the City on a Hill project. He also co-wrote "God of Wonders" with Marc Byrd, which was used by NASA to wake up Discovery astronaut Michael Fossum.
2022–23 FIBA WASL Gulf League
The Gulf League of the 2022–23 FIBA West Asia Super League (FIBA WASL) was one of the two primary phases of West Asia's premier basketball competition. The games began on 19 December 2022 and ended on 15 May 2023.

Kuwait Club won the Gulf League title after defeating Manama in the finals.

Manama Club (basketball)
Manama Club, also known as simply Manama or Al Manama, is a Bahraini professional basketball team based in Manama. They play in the Bahraini Premier League and are the most decorated team in national basketball history, having won a record 25 championships, 21 Cup titles, and 5 Super Cup titles. Currently, Manama also plays in the West Asia Super League (WASL), which they won in 2023.

Manama plays in the BBA Arena, which is also known as the Zain Basketball Arena.

In the 2022–23 season, Manama played in the inaugural West Asia Super League under the guidance of coach Linos Gavriel. On 17 June 2023, they won the WASL championship after they defeated Kuwait Club in the final in Dubai. Because they also won the Premier League and Cup, they won their first treble. As the champions of Western Asia, Manama was invited for the 2023 FIBA Intercontinental Cup in Singapore.
Economist
An economist is a professional and practitioner in the social science discipline of economics.

The individual may also study, develop, and apply theories and concepts from economics and write about economic policy. Within this field there are many sub-fields, ranging from the broad philosophical theories to the focused study of minutiae within specific markets, macroeconomic analysis, microeconomic analysis or financial statement analysis, involving analytical methods and tools such as econometrics, statistics, economics computational models, financial economics, regulatory impact analysis and mathematical economics.

Computational economics
Computational or algorithmic economics is an interdisciplinary field combining computer science and economics to efficiently solve computationally-expensive problems in economics. Some of these areas are unique, while others established areas of economics by allowing robust data analytics and solutions of problems that would be arduous to research without computers and associated numerical methods.

Major advances in computational economics include search and matching theory, game theory, the theory of linear programming, algorithmic mechanism design, and fair division algorithms.
Lacryma Christi
Lacryma Christi (Latin for ''Christ's tear'') or Lachryma Christi of Vesuvius is a Neapolitan type of wine produced on the slopes of Mount Vesuvius in Campania, Italy. White Lacryma Christi is made mainly from Verdeca and Coda di Volpe grapes, with smaller proportions of Falanghina, Caprettone and Greco di Tufo included. Red Lacryma Christi is made from Piedirosso and Sciascinoso grapes. It is also, as archaeologists have discovered, the nearest equivalent to wine drunk by the Ancient Romans, having analysed microscopic residue left on the taps of the casks.

Falanghina
Falanghina, also called Falanghina Greco, is a variety of wine grape, Vitis vinifera, used for white wines. It is an ancient grape variety which may have provided a basis for the classical Falernian wine, and has considerable character. It is cultivated on the coast of Campania north of Naples, and frequently consumed in southern Italy along with seafood. The name for the wine appears to derive from the Latin falangae, or stakes for supporting the grapes in a vineyard. In November 2014 Falanghina was approved as a recognized varietal by the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau for use in the United States.
Choranche Cave
The cave of Choranche, also called cave of Coufin-Chevaline, is located in the department of Isère, near Choranche in the Vercors Regional Natural Park and in the Vercors Massif, France. Located at the edge of the massif, its road access is either via the A49 Grenoble – Valence motorway, or by a road entering the massif, near Grenoble.

The entrance to the cave is at the foot of the cliffss of Presles, forming a natural cirque bordering the Coulmes plateau in the Bourne gorge.

In November 2014, the Choranche Cave obtained the "Quality tourism" mark.

Isère
Isère (US: /iːˈzɛər/ ee-ZAIR; French: [izɛʁ] ⓘ; Arpitan: Isera; Occitan: Isèra, Occitan pronunciation: [iˈsɛɾa]) is a landlocked department in the southeastern French region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes. Named after the river Isère, it had a population of 1,271,166 in 2019. Its prefecture is Grenoble. It borders Rhône to the northwest, Ain to the north, Savoie to the east, Hautes-Alpes to the south, Drôme and Ardèche to the southwest and Loire to the west.
Bariba language
Bariba, also known as Baatonum, is the language of the Bariba people and was the language of the state of Borgu. The native speakers are called Baatombu (singular Baatonu), Barba, Baruba, Berba and a number of various other names and spellings.

It is primarily spoken in Benin, but also across the border in adjacent Kwara State and Niger State, a percentage of speakers are also found in Saki West local government area of Oyo State Nigeria, and some Bariba are in Togo, Burkina Faso and Niger. Welmers (1952) reported the Bariba language as spoken in the cities of Nikki, Parakou, Kandi, gwanara, Bankubu, Boriya, Ilesha Baruba and Natitingou.

Parakou
Parakou [pa.ʁa.ku] is the largest city in northern Benin, and the third-largest city in the country, with an estimated population of 206,667 people, and capital of the Borgou Department. Administratively, the commune of Parakou makes one of Benin's 77 communes.
Xanthorrhoea minor
Xanthorrhoea minor is a species of trunkless grasstree in the family Asphodelaceae native to south-eastern Australia. It was one of the many species authored by the Scottish botanist Robert Brown.

Unlike some other species of grasstree, it lacks a trunk, and its leaves grow from one or more underground stems. The leaves are green. It flowers from October to November.

Two subspecies are currently recognised:

X. minor subsp. lutea from South Australia and Victoria

X. minor subsp. minor from New South Wales, which grows in wet poorly drained areas such as swamps around the Sydney Basin, north to Gosford, and west to Springwood and south to Campbelltown.

Campbelltown, New South Wales
Campbelltown is a suburb in Outer South Western Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It is located 53 kilometres (33 mi) south-west of the Sydney central business district by road. Campbelltown is the administrative centre for the City of Campbelltown local government area.
GE U17C
The GE U17C diesel–electric locomotive was introduced by GE Transportation as an export model road switcher locomotive in 1973.
Easy to spot due to its relatively short length — 52 ft 9 in (16.08 m) — it was powered by the 8-cylinder FDL-8T engine.
Very similar to the U18B, it included an extended body section to house a larger air filter and cooling units.

Original purchasers included Syria's CFS, and the Hedjaz Jordan Railway.

The GE U17C was also used on the Aqaba Railway Corporation for transporting phosphates from the Mines to Aqaba.

GE Transportation
GE Transportation is a division of Wabtec. It was known as GE Rail and owned by General Electric until merged into Wabtec on February 25, 2019. The organization manufactures equipment for the railroad, marine, mining, drilling and energy generation industries. The company was founded in 1907. It is headquartered in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, while its main manufacturing facility is located in Erie, Pennsylvania. Locomotives are assembled at the Erie plant, while engine manufacturing takes place in Grove City, Pennsylvania. In May 2011, the company announced plans to build a second locomotive factory in Fort Worth, Texas, which opened in January 2013.
Marcin Kobierski
Marcin Kobierski (born April 13, 1977) is a Polish sprint canoer who competed from the late 1990s to the early 2000s. He won two gold medals in the C-2 1000 m event at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships, earning them in 2001 and 2002.

Paired with Paweł Baraszkiewicz, Kobierski also competed in the C-2 500 m event at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, but was eliminated in the semifinal round.

2001 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 2001 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Poznań, Poland at Lake Malta. The Polish city had hosted the event previously in 1990.

The men's competition consisted of nine Canadian (single paddle, open boat) and nine kayak events. Women competed in nine events, all kayak. The women's K-4 1000 m event was added at these championships, the last change to the program until a new program was approved for the 2009 event at the 2008 ICF Congress in Rome.

This was the 31st championships in canoe sprint.
Matti Pitkänen
Matti Pitkänen (born 20 December 1948, in Ikaalinen) is a Finnish former cross-country skier who competed in the late 1970s and early 1980s. He won two medals in the 4 × 10 km relay at the Winter Olympics with a gold in 1976 and a bronze in 1980. He also finished sixth in the 30 km at the 1980 Winter Olympics.

Pitkänen also won a silver medal in the 4 × 10 km relay at the 1978 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships in Lahti. He also finished fourth in the 15 km, 30 km, and 50 km events at those same games.

Pitkänen won the 50 km event at the Holmenkollen ski festival in 1978.

FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1978
The FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1978 took place February 18–26, 1978 in Lahti, Finland. This was Lahti's record fourth time hosting the event after previously doing so in 1926, 1938, and 1958. The women's 20 km event was added.
Ravel Peak
Ravel Peak (69°55′S 71°17′W﻿ / ﻿69.917°S 71.283°W﻿ / -69.917; -71.283) is an isolated peak, rising to about 1,300 m, surmounting Debussy Heights situated in the northern portion of Alexander Island, Antarctica. The peak is markedly pyramid shaped when viewed from the east side. First mapped from air photos taken by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition (RARE), 1947–48, by Searle of the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) in 1960. Named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) after Maurice Ravel (1875–1937), French composer and in association with the nearby landforms named after composers in this area.

Alexander Island
Alexander Island, also known as Alexander I Island, Alexander I Land, Alexander Land, Alexander I Archipelago, and Zemlja Alexandra I, is the largest island of Antarctica. It lies in the Bellingshausen Sea west of Palmer Land, Antarctic Peninsula from which it is separated by Marguerite Bay and George VI Sound. The George VI Ice Shelf entirely fills George VI Sound and connects Alexander Island to Palmer Land. The island partly surrounds Wilkins Sound, which lies to its west. Alexander Island is about 390 kilometres (240 mi) long in a north–south direction, 80 kilometres (50 mi) wide in the north, and 240 kilometres (150 mi) wide in the south. Alexander Island is the second-largest uninhabited island in the world, after Devon Island.
Celio (retailer)
Celio (officially), or celio* (in advertising), is a French men's clothing retailer headquartered in Saint-Ouen, France. It caters primarily to the Continental European market. Most of Celio's stores are located in shopping centres, with a smaller percentage to be found in the shopping districts of cities and large suburbs. In 2005, the group employed over 1,800 people, with around 1,500 working in stores and the remainder at the group's headquarters and warehouses.

Warehouse
A warehouse is a building for storing goods. Warehouses are used by manufacturers, importers, exporters, wholesalers, transport businesses, customs, etc. They are usually large plain buildings in industrial parks on the outskirts of cities, towns, or villages.

Warehouses usually have loading docks to load and unload goods from trucks. Sometimes warehouses are designed for the loading and unloading of goods directly from railways, airports, or seaports. They often have cranes and forklifts for moving goods, which are usually placed on ISO standard pallets and then loaded into pallet racks. Stored goods can include any raw materials, packing materials, spare parts, components, or finished goods associated with agriculture, manufacturing, and production.

In India and Hong Kong, a warehouse may be referred to as a godown. There are also godowns in the Shanghai Bund.
Casric Stars F.C.
Casric Stars F.C. is a South African football club based in KwaMhlanga in Mpumalanga.

The club plays in the National First Division, after purchasing the status belonging to Free State Stars before the start of the 2022–23 National First Division.

National First Division
The National First Division, officially known as the Motsepe Foundation Championship for sponsorship reasons, is the second-highest league of South African  football after the South African Premiership. Both the South African Championship and South African Premiership are organised by the Premier Soccer League.
Narakodur
Narakoduru is a village in Guntur district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is the headquarters of Bollapalle mandal in Tenali revenue division. It is located in Chebrolu mandal of Tenali revenue division.

Chebrolu mandal
Chebrolu mandal is one of the 18 mandals in Guntur district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is under the administration of Tenali revenue division and the headquarters are located at Chebrolu. The mandal is bounded by Guntur, Pedakakani, Tenali, Vatticherukuru, Tsundur and Ponnur mandals.
Trial by Fire: Live in Leningrad
Trial by Fire: Live in Leningrad is the first live album by Swedish guitarist Yngwie Malmsteen, recorded over several dates in February 1989 in Leningrad, Soviet Union, and released on 10 October 1989 through Polydor Records. The album reached #31 on the Swedish albums chart and #128 on the Billboard 200. A VHS video of the concert was released on 11 July 1991 through PolyGram, and a DVD edition was reissued in Japan on 12 December 2006 through Universal Music.

Sverigetopplistan
Sverigetopplistan (Swedish: [ˈsvæ̂rjɛˌtɔpːlɪstan], lit. "the Sweden top list") is the Swedish national record chart, based on sales data from IFPI Sverige.  It was formerly known as Topplistan (1975–1997) and Hitlistan (1998–2007) and has been known by its current name since October 2007. Before Topplistan, music sales in Sweden were recorded by Kvällstoppen, whose weekly chart was a combined albums and singles list.
Feniks Island
Feniks Island (Bulgarian: остров Феникс, romanized: ostrov Feniks, IPA: [ˈɔstrof ˈfɛniks]) is the 230 m long in west–east direction and 170 m wide in south–north direction rocky island lying off Spert Island on the southwest side of Trinity Island in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica.

Palmer Archipelago
Palmer Archipelago, also known as Antarctic Archipelago, Archipiélago Palmer, Antarktiske Arkipel or Palmer Inseln, is a group of islands off the northwestern coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. It extends from Tower Island in the north to Anvers Island in the south. It is separated by the Gerlache and Bismarck straits from the Antarctic Peninsula and Wilhelm Archipelago, respectively. The archipelago is in the British, Chilean, and Argentine Claims.

Palmer Archipelago is located at 64°15′S 62°50′W﻿ / ﻿64.250°S 62.833°W﻿ / -64.250; -62.833.