hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Suzannah Clarke
Suzannah Clarke is a British opera singer and local politician. In 2003, she became the first British singer to perform in Pyongyang, North Korea. She has also sung in at La Scala in Milan, Italy, the Hungarian State Opera House in Budapest, Hungary, and with the English National Opera, the Welsh National Opera, and the Scottish Opera. As of 2023, she is the local councillor for Grove Park, Lewisham. She was previously the London regional manager for the National Society of Epilepsy.

Scottish Opera
Scottish Opera is the national opera company of Scotland, and one of the five national performing arts companies of Scotland. Founded in 1962 and based in Glasgow, it is the largest performing arts organisation in Scotland.
Polioencephalomalacia
Polioencephalomalacia (PEM), also referred to as cerebrocortical necrosis (CCN), is a neurological disease seen in ruminants that is caused by multiple factors, one of which is thiamine depletion in the body. Thiamine (vitamin B1) is a key chemical in glucose metabolism that, when deficient, is most threatening to neurological activity. In addition to altered thiamine status, an association with high sulfur intake has been observed as a potential cause of PEM. PEM may also be caused by other toxic or metabolic diseases such as: acute lead poisoning or salt poisoning. Cattle, sheep, goat, and other ruminants that are diagnosed with PEM or pre-PEM suffer opisthotonus, cortical blindness, disoriented movement, and eventually fatality, if left untreated. Current data shows that the onset of PEM can range from birth to late adulthood.

Salt poisoning
Salt poisoning is an intoxication resulting from the excessive intake of sodium (usually as sodium chloride) either in solid form or in solution (saline water, including brine, brackish water, or seawater). Salt poisoning sufficient to produce severe symptoms is rare, and lethal salt poisoning is possible but even rarer. The lethal dose of table salt is roughly 0.5–1 gram per kilogram of body weight.

In medicine, salt poisoning is most frequently encountered in children or infants who may be made to consume excessive amounts of table salt. At least one instance of murder of a hospitalized child by salt poisoning has been reported.

Adults can consume too much salt by consuming seawater, pickled goods, brine water or soy sauce. Salt poisoning has been seen in a number of adults with mental health problems.

Salt poisoning can affect most species of animals, although it is more common in swine, cattle, and poultry.
1959 (album)
1959 is the third studio album by Australian country musician Lee Kernaghan. It was released in July 1995 and became Kernaghan's first top ten album. It was nominated for the ARIA Award for Best Country Album at the ARIA Music Awards of 1996 and won "Album of the Year" at the 1996 Country Music Awards of Australia.

It was certified platinum in 1996.

Country Music Awards of Australia
The Country Music Awards of Australia also known as the Golden Guitar Awards (originally named Australasian Country Music Awards) is an annual awards night held in January during the Tamworth Country Music Festival, in Tamworth, New South Wales, celebrating recording excellence in the Australian country music industry. The awards are hosted at the Tamworth Regional Entertainment Centre (TRECC) on the final Saturday night of the Tamworth Festival. They have been held annually since 1973. The first award ceremony had just six awards. The awards show is presented in front of a live audience made up of the media, the music industry and the public.
Proper names derived from Drag-
The Slavic-derived stem "Drag-" appears in many East-European proper names. These include:

Draga, Dragan, Drăgan,  Dragana, Dragas

Drăghici

Dragi, Dragić, Dragica, Dragiša, Dragivoje

Drago, Dragoş, Dragoljub, Dragomir, Dragoslav, Dragoslavele, Dragović

Dragu, Drăguș, Drăguşeni, Dragutin, Dragutinović

Dragnea

Drga

Dragutinović
Dragutinović (Serbian: Драгутиновић) is a Serbian patronymic surname derived from the masculine given name Dragutin. Notable people with the surname include:

Branko Dragutinović (born 1961), Serbian football player

Diana Dragutinović (born 1958), Serbian economist and politician

Dragan Dragutinović (born 1980), Serbian footballer

Ivica Dragutinović (born 1975), Serbian footballer

Nikola Dragutinović (born 1991), Serbian actor

Vladimir Dragutinović (born 1967), Serbian basketball player
Steamer Range
The Steamer Range is a series of rock formations branching off the Main Range National Park in Queensland, Australia. They lie at the head of Emu Creek, west of Warwick, in the Main Range. Viewed from most angles, with a little imagination, the range looks like a steamboat.

The Mast formation was climbed on 24 August 1950 by Bob Waring and Jon Stephenson, and the Funnel formation was climbed on 1 December 1950 by Bob Waring and Kemp Fowler. The local sawmill had a 200-pound prize for the first person to do this; however, neither Bob nor Kemp received any money for their accomplishments.

Warwick, Queensland
Warwick (/ˈwɒrɪk/ WORR-ik) is a rural town and locality in southeast Queensland, Australia, lying 130 kilometres (81 mi) south-west of Brisbane. It is the administrative centre of the Southern Downs Region local government area. The surrounding Darling Downs have fostered a strong agricultural industry for which Warwick, together with the larger city of Toowoomba, serve as convenient service centres. In the 2021 census, the locality of Warwick had a population of 12,294 people.
Shogun Warriors (video game)
Shogun Warriors, known in Japan as Fujiyama Buster (富士山バスター, lit. "Mount Fuji Buster"), is a 1992 fighting arcade game developed by Atop and released in North America and Europe by Kaneko, published in Japan by Sammy Corporation. It was the first modern-fighting game based on ancient Japanese mythology (later popularized by SNK's Samurai Shodown and The Last Blade series), and was created during the fighting game trend of the 1990s that began with Capcom's Street Fighter II. Shogun Warriors was followed by a 1994 sequel titled Blood Warrior.

Sammy Corporation
Sammy Corporation is a Japanese developer and retailer of video game and gambling products and subsidiary of Sega Sammy Holdings, headquartered in Shinagawa, Tokyo. Sammy manufactures pachinko and pachislot machines, and it expanded into video game development in the 1990s with games such as Viewpoint, Survival Arts, and The Rumble Fish.

Sammy was founded as Sammy Industry on November 1, 1975 as a spin-off of the arcade division of Satomi Corporation. The company primarily dealt with slot machines and arcade cabinets in Japan. Sammy largely left the video game industry by the late 1990s to focus on its pachinko and arcade management operations. In 2004, the company merged with video game developer and publisher Sega to form Sega Sammy Holdings.
North Point Mall
North Point Mall is a shopping mall, located in Alpharetta, Georgia (a suburb of Atlanta). The mall opened on October 20, 1993 as one of the largest shopping malls in the country. The mall was the second-to-last property built by Homart Development Company. The mall's anchor stores are Dillard's, JCPenney, Macy's, and Von Maur.

Belk
Belk, Inc. is an American department store chain founded in 1888 by William Henry Belk. Local partnerships allowed Belk to expand during the 1900s, and resulted in several Belk co-brandings. The distinct legal entities were consolidated into a single company and uniform Belk brand in 1998. It was acquired by private equity firm Sycamore Partners in 2015.
Octavian Popescu (footballer, born 1985)
Octavian Alexandru Popescu (born 5 November 1985) is a Romanian former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper, mainly for CS Mioveni and FC Argeș Pitești. First match Liga I was played for CS Mioveni, against ASA 2013 Târgu Mureș.

FC Argeș Pitești
Asociația Clubul Sportiv Campionii Fotbal Club Argeș, commonly known as FC Argeș Pitești (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈardʒeʃ piˈteʃtʲ]), Argeș Pitești or simply FC Argeș, is a Romanian professional football club based in Pitești, Argeș County, that competes in the Liga I, the top tier of Romanian football.

The team was originally founded as Dinamo Pitești in 1953, and made its top flight debut in the 1961–62 season. In 1967, it changed its name to Argeș Pitești. The club's most successful period was in the 1970s, when it won the national title twice. Three-time Romanian Footballer of the Year award recipient Nicolae Dobrin was the most important member of the squad during that period, which turned him into a club icon over the years.

FC Argeș amassed over 40 seasons in the Liga I, and traditionally plays its home matches at Nicolae Dobrin Stadium, which is currently under reconstruction.
Black bag operation
Black bag operations or black bag jobs are covert or clandestine entries into structures to obtain information for human intelligence operations.

Some of the tactics, techniques, and procedures associated with black bag operations are lock picking, safe cracking, key impressions, fingerprinting, photography, electronic surveillance (including audio and video surveillance), mail manipulation (flaps and seals), and forgery. The term "black bag" refers to the small bags in which burglars stereotypically carry their tools.

Human intelligence (intelligence gathering)
Human intelligence (HUMINT, pronounced /ˈhjuːmɪnt/ HEW-mint) is intelligence-gathering by means of human sources and interpersonal communication. It is distinct from more technical intelligence-gathering disciplines, such as signals intelligence (SIGINT), imagery intelligence (IMINT) and measurement and signature intelligence (MASINT). HUMINT can be conducted in a variety of ways, including via espionage, reconnaissance, interrogation, and witness interviews. Although associated with military and intelligence agencies, HUMINT can also apply in various civilian sectors such as law enforcement.
Cervellati Glacier
Cervellati Glacier (78°23′S 85°43′W﻿ / ﻿78.383°S 85.717°W﻿ / -78.383; -85.717) is a 5 nmi (9 km; 6 mi) long glacier situated on the southeast of Patton Glacier and northwest of Ramorino Glacier on the east slope of Sentinel Range in the Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica.  It flows northeastwards between Tyree Ridge and Epperly Ridge, and enters Crosswell Glacier southeast of Mount Bearskin. The feature was named by US-ACAN in 2006 after Roberto Cervellati, Italian representative to the SCAR Expert Group on Geographic Information, 1992–2006, and director of the SCAR Composite Gazetteer of Antarctica in the same period.

Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research
The Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) is an interdisciplinary body of the International Science Council (ISC). SCAR coordinates international scientific research efforts in Antarctica, including the Southern Ocean.

SCAR's scientific work is administered through several discipline-themed science groups. The organisation has observer status at, and provides independent advice to Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meetings, and also provides information to other international bodies such as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
Birley Glacier
Birley Glacier (65°58′S 64°21′W﻿ / ﻿65.967°S 64.350°W﻿ / -65.967; -64.350) is a glacier, at least 10 nautical miles (19 km) long, flowing west into the eastern extremity of Barilari Bay north of Vardun Point, on the west coast of Graham Land. First seen and roughly surveyed in 1909 by the French Antarctic Expedition under Jean-Baptiste Charcot, it was re-surveyed in 1935–36 by the British Graham Land Expedition (BGLE) under John Rymill, and later named for Kenneth P. Birley, who contributed toward the cost of the BGLE, 1934–37.

Jean-Baptiste Charcot
Jean-Baptiste Étienne Auguste Charcot, better known in France as Commandant Charcot, (15 July 1867 in Neuilly-sur-Seine near Paris – 16 September 1936 at sea (30 miles north-west of Reykjavik, Iceland), was a French scientist, medical doctor and polar scientist. His father was the neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot (1825–1893).
As a sportsman, he was French rugby XV champion in 1896 and also won a double silver medal in sailing at the 1900 Summer Olympics.
Mount Aitken
Mount Aitken, is a 1,854-metre (6,083 ft) mountain in the Miscinchinka Ranges of the Hart Ranges in the Northern Rocky Mountains.

Named to remember Canadian Army Lieut. John Alexander Aitken, of Prince George, BC, killed in action 27 August 1944, age 27. Aitken enlisted the day Canada declared war in September 1939; transferred to Prince Rupert, BC and trained as an Artillery Officer.  He volunteered to be transferred to the British Army in May 1944 and was killed his first day in action, while crossing the Seine River. (November 1993 letter from his widow, Josephine, file M.2.57).

The Commonwealth War Graves Commission indicates that Lieut. Aitken was serving with the 227th Infantry Brigade, 2nd Btn Gordon Highlanders, RCIC, when he was killed. He is buried at Bretteville-Sur-Laize Canadian War Cemetery, Calvados, France, Grave XXVIII. F. 4.

Gordon Highlanders
The Gordon Highlanders was a line infantry regiment of the British Army that existed for 113 years, from 1881 until 1994, when it was amalgamated with The Queen's Own Highlanders (Seaforth and Camerons) to form The Highlanders (Seaforth, Gordons and Camerons). Although the 'Gordon Highlanders' had existed as the 92nd (Gordon Highlanders) Regiment of Foot since 1794, the actual 'Gordon Highlanders Regiment' was formed in 1881 by amalgamation of the 75th (Stirlingshire) Regiment of Foot and 92nd (Gordon Highlanders) Regiment of Foot.
Iron hand (prosthesis)
Iron hands are metal prostheses for hands and upper extremities from the Middle Ages and early modern period.  These designs combined cosmetic and functional properties. The most famous example of an iron hand was made around the year 1530, being the second prosthetic hand made for the German knight Götz von Berlichingen.

Most iron hands are based on the same constructive principles, although there are considerable differences in complexity. Fingers can be flexed passively (for example using the healthy hand) and are locked in place by a ratchet mechanism, similar to those of contemporary flintlocks. Extension of the fingers works by spring pressure.

Löffler, Liebhard: Der Ersatz für die obere Extremität: die Entwicklung von den ersten Zeugnissen bis heute. Stuttgart: Enke 1984, ISBN 3-432-94591-4.

Putti, Vittorio: Historical Prostheses. In: Journal of Hand Surgery. Vol. 30, No. 3, Edinburgh: 2005, pp. 310–325.

Finger
A finger is a prominent digit on the forelimbs of most tetrapod vertebrate animals, especially those with prehensile extremities (i.e. hands) such as humans and other primates. Most tetrapods have five digits (pentadactyly), and short digits (i.e. significantly shorter than the metacarpal/metatarsals) are typically referred to as toes, while those that are notably elongated are called fingers. In humans, the fingers are flexibly articulated and opposable, serving as an important organ of tactile sensation and fine movements, which are crucial to the dexterity of the hands and the ability to grasp and manipulate objects.
Stempfferia tumentia
Stempfferia tumentia, the swollen epitola, is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. The species was first described by Hamilton Herbert Druce in 1910. It is found in Nigeria (east and the Cross River loop), Cameroon, the Republic of the Congo, the Central African Republic and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The habitat consists of forests.

Hamilton Herbert Druce
Hamilton Herbert Charles James Druce (26 October 1866 – 21 June 1922) was an English entomologist who specialised in Lycaenidae and to a lesser extent Hesperiidae. He is not to be confused with his father, the English entomologist Herbert Druce (1846–1913) who also worked on Lepidoptera.

H. H. Druce was a Fellow of the Zoological Society of London and of the Entomological Society of London.

The H. H. Druce collection was sold to James John Joicey and is now in the Natural History Museum in London.
Paniai Lakes
The Paniai Lakes, originally known as the Wissel Lakes, are the three large, freshwater lakes in Central Papua, Indonesia: Paniai, Tigi, and Tage. Lakes Paniai and Tage are located in the Paniai Regency, while Lake Tigi is located in the Deiyai Regency. The largest of the three is Lake Paniai (Danau Paniai), while its immediate neighbor Lake Tage is the smallest.

Deiyai Regency
Deiyai Regency is one of the regencies (kabupaten) in the Indonesian province of Central Papua; it was formed on 29 October 2008 from the southeastern corner of the Paniai Regency area, and inaugurated by the Indonesian Minister of Home Affairs, Mardiyanto. The legal basis for the formation of this regency was the Law of the Republic of Indonesia of 2008 Number 55.

The new regency covers an area of  1,012.67 km2 (revised from 537.39 km2), and had a population of 62,998 at the 2010 Census - consisting of 31,843 men and 31,115 women; the 2020 Census revealed a total of 99,091 - consisting of 52,617 males and 46,474 females; the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 104,610. The administrative centre is at the town of Waghete.
ITK (gene)
Tyrosine-protein kinase ITK/TSK also known as interleukin-2-inducible T-cell kinase or simply ITK, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ITK gene. ITK is a member of the TEC family of kinases and is highly expressed in T cells.

Kinase
In biochemistry, a kinase (/ˈkaɪneɪs, ˈkɪneɪs, -eɪz/) is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of phosphate groups to substrates. This process is known as phosphorylation.  Typically ATP is the phosphate donor. Kinases are pervasive, the human genome codes for about 500 of these enzymes.

Kinases are part of the larger family of phosphotransferases. Kinases should not be confused with phosphorylases, which catalyze the addition of inorganic phosphate groups to an acceptor, nor with phosphatases, which remove phosphate groups (dephosphorylation). The phosphorylation state of a molecule, whether it be a protein, lipid or carbohydrate, can affect its activity, reactivity and its ability to bind other molecules. Therefore, kinases are critical in metabolism, cell signalling, protein regulation, cellular transport, secretory processes and many other cellular pathways, which makes them very important to physiology.
Kincorth
Kincorth is a suburb located to the south of Aberdeen, Scotland. The name is a corruption of the Scottish Gaelic "Ceann Coirthe", which probably refers to an old pillar or standing stone (coirthe). Kincorth is known as the garden estate of Aberdeen, and its plan originated in a competition launched in 1936 and won by Robert Gardner-Medwin, Denis Winston (who went on to become the University of Sydney's first Professor of Town Planning) and Clifford Holliday. It also has the Kincorth hill nature reserve known locally as the Gramps (Grampian mountains)The area is served by local high school Lochside Academy.

Garden city movement
The garden city movement was a 20th-century urban planning movement promoting satellite communities surrounding the central city and separated with greenbelts. These Garden Cities would contain proportionate areas of residences, industry, and agriculture. Ebenezer Howard first posited the idea in 1898 as a way to capture the primary benefits of the countryside and the city while avoiding the disadvantages presented by both. In the early 20th century, Letchworth and Welwyn Garden City were built near London according to Howard's concept and many other garden cities inspired by his model have since been built all over the world.
2020 Kentucky Democratic presidential primary
The 2020 Kentucky Democratic presidential primary took place on June 23, 2020, alongside the New York primary, as part of the Democratic Party primaries for the 2020 presidential election. It was originally planned for May 19, 2020, but was moved due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Kentucky primary was a closed primary, with the state awarding 60 delegates to the 2020 Democratic National Convention, of whom 54 were pledged delegates allocated on the basis of the primary results.

Presumptive nominee and former vice president Joe Biden handily won the primary with almost 68% of the vote but not all of the 54 delegates. While senator Bernie Sanders, despite receiving 12% of the vote, failed to win any delegates, the option for uncommitted delegates caught up almost 11%, which were enough votes to allocate 2 uncommitted delegates from the district-level.

Andy Beshear
Andrew Graham Beshear (/bəˈʃɪər/ bə-SHEER; born November 29, 1977) is an American politician and attorney serving since 2019 as the 63rd governor of Kentucky. A member of the Democratic Party, he served from 2016 to 2019 as the 50th attorney general of Kentucky. He is the son of former Kentucky governor Steve Beshear, who served from 2007 to 2015.

As attorney general, Beshear filed multiple lawsuits against Republican Governor Matt Bevin, including over issues such as pension reform. He ran in the 2019 gubernatorial election and defeated Bevin by approximately 0.4%. Beshear was reelected to a second term in 2023 by a wider margin of 5%, defeating Republican attorney general Daniel Cameron. As of 2025, Beshear and Lieutenant Governor Jacqueline Coleman are Kentucky's only Democratic officials elected statewide.

Beshear has expressed interest in running for president in the 2028 United States presidential election.
William C. Andrews
William C. "Bill" Andrews (January 24, 1934 – March 4, 2021) was an American politician in the state of Florida.

Andrews was born in Tampa, Florida. He attended the University of Florida's Warrington College of Business Administration, receiving a degree in business administration in 1955. He later attended the University of Florida Law School and earned a Bachelor of Laws (LLB) degree in 1958. In college, he was a member of Sigma Alpha Epsilon. He married Dodie Platt and has three children. Andrews served as a Democrat in the Florida House of Representatives from 1967 to November 7, 1972, representing the 31st district, and from November 7, 1972, to November 7, 1978, this time representing the 27th district. In 1978, he received a Distinguished Alumni Award from the Warrington College of Business Administration.

Andrews died on March 4, 2021, at the age of 87.

Warrington College of Business
The Warrington College of Business is the business school of the University of Florida. Its subordinate schools include the Heavener School of Business (the undergraduate wing), the Hough Graduate School of Business (the graduate wing), and the Fisher School of Accounting.

About 6,300 students are enrolled in classes, including undergraduates and graduate students, including Master of Business Administration and Ph.D.-seeking students. All programs are accredited by the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business.
Hönigsberg & Deutsch
Hönigsberg & Deutsch was an architecture studio and construction company formed in Zagreb by architects Leo Hönigsberg and Julio Deutsch, active between 1889 and 1911. They produced over 90 known works in the Lower Town area of Zagreb, built during the redevelopment in the years following the 1880 Zagreb earthquake. The majority of these were residential houses, but they also designed manufacturing plants, synagogues and public institution buildings.

1880 Zagreb earthquake
The 1880 earthquake which struck Zagreb, and is also known as The Great Zagreb earthquake, occurred with a moment magnitude of 6.3 on 9 November 1880. Its epicenter was in the Medvednica mountain north of Zagreb. Although only one person was killed in the earthquake, it destroyed or damaged many buildings.