hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hamsadhvani
Hamsadhvani (meaning "the cry of the swan"), is a rāga in Carnatic music (musical scale of Carnatic tradition of Indian classical music). It is an audava rāgam (or owdava rāga, meaning pentatonic scale). It is a janya rāga of the Melakartha raga, Sankarabharanam (29th) but according to Hamsadhvani's prayoga or the way it is sung it is said to be the janya of Kalyani (65th).

Hamsadhvani is also extensively used in Hindustani music and is borrowed into it from Carnatic music. It was created by the Carnatic composer Ramaswami Dikshitar (1735–1817), father of Muthuswami Dikshitar (one of the musical trinity of Carnatic music), and brought into Hindustani music by Aman Ali Khan of the Bhendibazaar gharana. It has become popular due to Amir Khan.

Kalyani (raga)
Kalyani is a melakarta ragam (parent musical scale) in the Carnatic music. It is the prati madhyama equivalent of the raga Sankarabharanam. It was called Kalyan but is now more popularly called Yaman in Hindustani Music. Its Western equivalent is the Lydian mode.
Lost (Gorilla Zoe song)
"Lost" is a song by American hip hop recording artist Gorilla Zoe, released October 14, 2008 as the lead single from his second studio album Don't Feed Da Animals (2009). The song leaked in May 2008 entitled "Losin' My Mind", featuring a verse from fellow American rapper Lil Wayne. It is notable that, specifically with the Lil Wayne version, both songs use the auto-tune effect. "Lost" received positive reviews from critics praising Drumma Boy's electronic production and Zoe's sincere Auto-Tune delivery of introspective lyrics. The track peaked at numbers 10 and 29 on both the Billboard Hot Rap Songs and Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs charts respectively. It also reached number 71 on the Hot 100.

Hot Rap Songs
Hot Rap Songs (formerly known as Hot Rap Tracks and Hot Rap Singles) is a chart released weekly by Billboard in the United States. It lists the 25 most popular hip-hop/rap songs, calculated weekly by airplay on rhythmic and urban radio stations and sales in hip hop-focused or exclusive markets. Streaming data, digital downloads and All-Format radio stations were added to the methodology of determining chart rankings in 2012. From 1989 through 2001, it was based on how much the single sold in that given week.
Mittenwald station
Mittenwald station (German: Bahnhof Mittenwald) is a railway station in the German State of Bavaria, in the town of Mittenwald. It has three platform tracks and is classified by Deutsche Bahn (DB) as a category 4 station.

It is the first station in Bavaria north of the Austria-Germany border on the Garmisch-Partenkirchen–Innsbruck line (Mittenwald Railway). The station was opened in 1912 and is served by trains operated by both Deutsche Bahn and Austrian Federal Railways (ÖBB).

The station is 18 kilometres from Garmisch-Partenkirchen station and 38 kilometres from Innsbruck West station (de).

German railway station categories
The approximately 5,400 railway stations in Germany that are owned and operated by the Deutsche Bahn subsidiary DB InfraGO are divided into seven categories, denoting the service level available at the station.

This categorisation influences the amount of money railway companies need to pay to DB Station&Service for using the facilities at the stations.
Jensen's device
Jensen's device is a computer programming technique that exploits call by name. It was devised by Danish computer scientist Jørn Jensen, who worked with Peter Naur at Regnecentralen. They worked on the GIER ALGOL compiler, one of the earliest correct implementations of ALGOL 60. ALGOL 60 used call by name. During his Turing Award speech, Naur mentions his work with Jensen on GIER ALGOL.

Regnecentralen
Regnecentralen (RC) was the first Danish computer company, founded on 12 October 1955. Through the 1950s and 1960s, they designed a series of computers, originally for their own use, and later to be sold commercially. Descendants of these systems sold well into the 1980s. They also developed a series of high-speed paper tape machines, and produced Data General Nova machines under license.
Charlotte West (electoral district)
Charlotte West was a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick, Canada; it existed from 1974 to 1995.

It was created from part of the former four-member electoral district of Charlotte during the New Brunswick electoral redistribution of 1973. In the New Brunswick electoral redistribution of 1994, parts of Charlotte West were merged with St. Stephen-Milltown to form the new electoral division of Western Charlotte; the remainder became part of the new electoral district of Fundy Isles.

1994 New Brunswick electoral redistribution
The 1992-1994 New Brunswick electoral redistribution was the first re-alignment of electoral districts in New Brunswick, Canada, since 1973.  Under this redistribution, several districts were changed significantly due to considerable population shifts from the northern part of the province to the south.  The total number of districts was reduced from 58 to 55. Due to considerable population shifts over the course of two decades, some ridings were merged, while others were split in two, and some were unchanged.

The draft recommendations of new districts was created by a royal commission appointed by Premier Frank McKenna in late 1991, which completed its report in 1993.  The report was then referred to the provincial legislature which made changes, including the addition of a district and several boundary and name changes.  The changes to districts were proclaimed into law in 1994.
Erica Magnaldi
Erica Magnaldi [erika maˈɲaldi] (born 24 August 1992) is an Italian racing cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Women's WorldTeam UAE Team ADQ. She rode in the women's road race event at the 2018 UCI Road World Championships.

2018 UCI Road World Championships
The 2018 UCI Road World Championships were held in Innsbruck, Austria. It was the 91st UCI Road World Championships and the third to be held in Austria.

The World Championships consisted of a total of twelve competitions, one road race, one team time trial and one individual time trial for men and women, as well as one road race and one individual time trial for U23 riders and juniors. The Tour de Suisse organisers were responsible for the operational organisation of the races. The competitions were very demanding: the 265-kilometre men's road race had nine climbs with around 5000 metres of altitude difference. Because of the many climbs, some sprinters did not participate in the World Championships because they saw no prospect of success for themselves. It was the last edition to feature a team time trial for UCI trade teams. From 2019 onwards it will be replaced by a mixed team time trial for national teams.
National Guard (Suwayda)
The National Guard (Arabic: الحرس الوطني, romanized: al-Ḥaras al-Waṭanī) is a Druze paramilitary group and united front based in Sweida Governorate, southern Syria. It was announced on 23 August 2025 as a unified force of multiple local factions to coordinate military and security efforts in the governorate.

Institute for the Study of War
The Institute for the Study of War (ISW) is an American nonprofit research group and advocacy think tank founded in 2007 by military historian Kimberly Kagan and headquartered in Washington, D.C. ISW provides research and analysis of modern armed conflicts and foreign affairs. It has produced reports on the Syrian civil war, the war in Afghanistan, and the war in Iraq, "focusing on military operations, enemy threats, and political trends in diverse conflict zones". ISW currently publishes daily updates on the Russo-Ukrainian war and the Gaza war. ISW also published daily updates on Mahsa Amini protests in Iran. ISW was founded in response to the stagnation of the Iraq and Afghanistan wars and core funding to the group is provided by U.S. military contractors.
HMS Kite
Seven ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Kite, after the kite, a bird of prey:

HMS Kite (1764) was a 6-gun cutter launched in 1764 and sold in 1771.

HMS Kite (1778) was a 12-gun cutter purchased in 1778, rated as a sloop between 1779 and 1783, and sold in 1793.

HMS Kite (1795) was a 16-gun brig-sloop launched in 1795 and sold in 1805.

HMS Kite (1805) was a 16-gun brig-sloop launched in 1805 and sold in 1815.

HMS Kite (1826) was a wooden paddle vessel, previously the GPO ship Aetna. She was launched in 1826, transferred to the navy in 1837 and sold in 1864.

HMS Kite (1871) was an iron Ant-class screw gunboat launched in 1871 and sold in 1920, becoming a dredger.

HMS Kite (U87) was a Modified Black Swan-class sloop launched in 1942 and sunk by a German U-boat in 1944.

Ant-class gunboat
The Ant-class gunboat was a class of twenty-four Royal Navy flat-iron gunboats mounting a single 10-inch gun, built between 1870 and 1880. They carried no masts or sails, being among the first Royal Navy vessels not to do so.  The last four vessels were ordered separately and are sometimes known as the Gadfly class, although they were essentially identical. Members of the class lingered on as steam lighters, dredgers, boom defence vessels and base ships, lasting in some cases into the 1950s.
Leopoldo Pilla
Leopoldo Pilla (20 October 1805 – 29 May 1848) was an Italian geologist, veterinarian, and physician. He contributed to studies on volcanoes. He died in the Risorgimento while leading a student regiment during the Battle of Curtatone.

Curtatone
Curtatone (Mantovano: Cürtatun) is a comune (municipality) in the province of Mantua, in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 130 kilometres (81 mi) southeast of Milan and about 7 kilometres (4 mi) southwest of Mantua.

The municipality of Curtatone is formed by the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Buscoldo, Eremo, Grazie (site of the notable Santuario della Beata Vergine delle Grazie), Levata, Montanara (municipal seat), Ponteventuno, San Lorenzo, and San Silvestro.

Curtatone borders the following municipalities: Borgo Virgilio, Castellucchio, Mantua, Marcaria, Porto Mantovano, Rodigo. Its frazione of Grazie is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

Curtatone received the honorary title of city with a presidential decree on July 2, 2002.
As Celtas
As Celtas (literally "The Celtic Women" in Galician) is a Spanish women's football team. The team was founded in 2024 as part of RC Celta de Vigo, and plays in the Segunda Federación, the third tier of women's football in the country.

Women's football in Spain
Women's football in Spain is governed by the Royal Spanish Football Federation. Currently there are two national competitions, the Liga F and the Copa de la Reina – which also feed into the Supercopa de España Femenina – in the professional club involved structure.
Consulate General of the United States, Vladivostok
Consulate General of the United States, Vladivostok (Russian: Генеральное консульство США во Владивостоке) was a diplomatic mission of the United States in Vladivostok, providing consular services to Russian and American citizens in the Far East and in Eastern Siberia. The consulate was located in the Leninsky District of Vladivostok, at Pushkinskaya Street, house 32. It was closed in 2021 due to staffing shortages.

Eastern Siberia
Eastern Siberia is a part of Siberia that incorporates the territory located between the Yenisei River in the west and the Pacific Ocean divides in the east. Its area is equal to 7.2 million sq. km.

Most of Eastern Siberia is occupied by the Central Siberian Plateau, as well as by tundra in the north and mountain ranges in the south. The Eastern Siberian region consists of Yakutia, Buryatia, Tuva, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Irkutsk Oblast and Chita Oblast. The largest cities are Irkutsk and Krasnoyarsk.

It considerably overlaps, but does not coincide with, the Russian Far East, which stretches from Lake Baikal to the Pacific Ocean.
Live at Plymouth Guildhall
Live at Plymouth Guildhall is a live album (2-CD set) by the band King Crimson, released through the King Crimson Collector's Club in December 2000. The album was recorded at the Guildhall in Plymouth, England on 11 May 1971, the fifth-ever live performance by the Islands version of King Crimson and their first in the UK. The CD release was derived from the original soundboard tape, mixed by Peter Sinfield. An audience bootleg was added to repair the missing introduction to "Get Thy Bearings".

The liner notes were written by drummer Ian Wallace.  Referring to his drum part in "Sailor's Tale", Wallace writes, "I really like what I'm doing, so much so that I might have to steal it back from myself!"

Islands (King Crimson album)
Islands is the fourth studio album by British progressive rock band King Crimson, released on 3 December 1971 by Island Records in the United Kingdom, and in January 1972 by Atlantic Records in the United States and Canada. Islands is the only studio album to feature the 1971–1972 touring line-up of Robert Fripp, Mel Collins, Boz Burrell and Ian Wallace. This would be the last album before an entirely new group (except for Fripp) would record the trilogy of Larks' Tongues in Aspic, Starless and Bible Black and Red between 1973 and 1974. This is also the last album to feature the lyrics of co-founding member Peter Sinfield.

Like its predecessor, Islands incorporates elements of jazz improvisation. The album reached number 30 in the UK Albums Chart. It received a mixed response from critics and fans.
High misdemeanor
"High misdemeanor" is an archaic term in English law for a number of positive misprisions, neglects and contempts. Despite being considered serious offences they were subject to the criminal procedure applicable to other misdemeanors, rather than those for felony or treason (distinctions abolished in 1967 and 1945 respectively). The most important example may be that of maladministration in high office.

Treason Act 1945
The Treason Act 1945 (8 & 9 Geo. 6. c. 44) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

It was introduced into the House of Lords as a purely procedural statute, whose sole purpose was to abolish the old and highly technical procedure in cases of treason, and assimilate it to the procedure on trials for murder:

Its provisions are absolutely confined to matters of procedure, and it does not make any change whatsoever in the law as to what constitutes treason.

It also abolished the rule that treason trials in Scotland had to be conducted according to the rules of English criminal law.
Rishi Agrawal
Rishi Agrawal (born 1981) is an Indian politician from Madhya Pradesh, India. He is an MLA of Indian National Congress from Bamori Assembly constituency of Guna district. He won the 2023 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election. He received a total of 93,708 votes and won with the margin of 14,796 votes.

Bamori Assembly constituency
Bamori Assembly constituency is one of the 230 Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly) constituencies of Madhya Pradesh state in central India. This constituency came into existence in 2008, following the delimitation of the Legislative Assembly constituencies and covers mostly the area earlier covered by the erstwhile Guna and Shadora constituencies before delimitation.
Edinho (footballer, born July 1982)
Arnaldo Edi Lopes da Silva (born 7 July 1982), known as Edinho, is a Portuguese former professional footballer who played as a striker.

Over 11 seasons, he appeared in 185 Primeira Liga matches and scored a total of 49 goals for Braga (two spells), Paços de Ferreira, Vitória de Setúbal (twice) Marítimo, Académica and Feirense. He also played professionally in Greece, Spain and Turkey.

Edinho won six caps for Portugal in five years.

F.C. Paços de Ferreira
Futebol Clube Paços de Ferreira (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈpasuʒ ðɨ fɨˈʁɐjɾɐ]) is a Portuguese professional football club based in Paços de Ferreira, district of Porto. Founded in 1950, the club competes in the Liga Portugal 2, holding home games at the 9,076 seat Estádio Capital do Móvel The club's colours are yellow and green. The club is owned 100% by its members ("sócios").

They have won four Segunda Liga titles (now Liga Portugal 2), and in 2007 they qualified for the UEFA Cup for the first time. In the 2012–13 Primeira Liga, the team finished third and qualified for the 2013–14 UEFA Champions League play-offs for the first time in their history. They were also runners-up of the 2008–09 Taça de Portugal, the 2009 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira and the 2010–11 Taça da Liga.
LNWR 4ft Shunter
The London and North Western Railway (LNWR) 4ft Shunter was a class of 0-4-0ST steam locomotives.  Introduced in 1863 by Ramsbottom, 26 were built in 1863–1865, 10 in 1870, 10 in 1872, and 10 in 1892. The last three of the latter batch were soon rebuilt as 0-4-2ST crane tanks. They survived into LMS ownership in 1923 and the last one was withdrawn in 1933.

Unusually they were fitted with launch-type boilers. These have a cylindrical furnace, rather than a conventional locomotive firebox. This limits the grate area and ashpan size, although this is not a limitation for short-ranged shunters. One advantage is that the ashpan does not project downwards, making it possible to place the rear axle further back. For a dock shunter operating on tight radius curves this is useful, as it reduces the rear overhang and so the amount by which the coupling and buffers swing sideways on curves.

0-4-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 0-4-2 represents the wheel arrangement with no leading wheels, four powered and coupled driving wheels on two axles and two trailing wheels on one axle. While the first locomotives of this wheel arrangement were tender engines, the configuration was later often used for tank engines, which is noted by adding letter suffixes to the configuration, such as 0-4-2T for a conventional side-tank locomotive, 0-4-2ST for a saddle-tank locomotive, 0-4-2WT for a well-tank locomotive and 0-4-2RT for a rack-equipped tank locomotive.
Viola, Minnesota
Viola is an unincorporated community in Viola Township, Olmsted County, Minnesota, United States.  It is the site of a yearly Gopher Count festival, which began in 1874.

The community is located along Olmsted County Road 2 (Viola Road) near 105th Avenue NE and Center Street.  State Highway 42 (MN 42) and Olmsted County Road 24 are also in the immediate area.  Nearby places include Eyota, Elgin, and Rochester.

The North Fork of the Whitewater River flows through the community.

Rochester, Minnesota
Rochester is a city in Olmsted County, Minnesota, United States. It is the county seat. It is located along rolling bluffs on the Zumbro River's south fork in Southeast Minnesota. The population was 121,395 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 123,624 in 2024, making it the third-most populous city in Minnesota. The Rochester metropolitan area has an estimated 230,000 residents. The city is the home and birthplace of Mayo Clinic.

Rochester first developed as a stagecoach stop between Dubuque, Iowa, and Saint Paul, Minnesota. With the creation of the Mayo Clinic in 1864, Rochester became a national center for healthcare, as well as a hub for regional agriculture.  For higher education needs the University of Minnesota Rochester, Rochester Community and Technical College, and Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine are located in the city.
Anna site
The Anna Site (22 AD 500) is a prehistoric Plaquemine culture archaeological site located in Adams County, Mississippi, 10 miles (16 km) north of Natchez. It is the type site for the Anna phase (1200 to 1350 CE) of the Natchez Bluffs Plaquemine culture chronology. It was declared a National Historic Landmark on September 14, 1993.

Adams County, Mississippi
Adams County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 29,538. The county seat is Natchez. The county is the first to have been organized in the former Mississippi Territory. It is named for the second President of the United States, John Adams, who held that office when the county was organized in 1799. Adams County is part of the Natchez micropolitan area which consists of Adams County, Mississippi and Concordia Parish, Louisiana.
Soesterberg
Soesterberg is a town in the Dutch province of Utrecht. It is a part of the municipality of Soest, and lies about 5 km northeast of Zeist, on the road between Amersfoort and Utrecht. It was the location of Soesterberg Air Base

Utrecht (province)
Utrecht (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈytrɛxt] ⓘ), officially the Province of Utrecht (Dutch: Provincie Utrecht), is a province of the Netherlands. It is located in the centre of the country, bordering the Eemmeer in the north-east, the province of Gelderland in the east and south-east, the province of South Holland in the west and south-west and the province of North Holland in the north-west and north. The province of Utrecht has a population of about 1,388,000 as of January 2023. With a land area of approximately 1,484 square kilometres (573 sq mi), it is the second smallest province in the country. Apart from its eponymous capital, major cities and towns in the province are Amersfoort, Houten, IJsselstein, Nieuwegein, Veenendaal and Zeist. The busiest railway station in the Netherlands, Utrecht Centraal, is located in the province of Utrecht.
2021 Tipsport liga
2021 Tipsport liga was the twenty-fourth edition of the annual football tournament in Czech Republic. Slovak side FC Spartak Trnava won the league, ahead of MFK Chrudim on goal difference. Also, in Malta takes place the third edition of Tipsport Malta Cup.

Tipsport liga (football)
Tipsport liga is an annual winter football tournament for clubs from the Czech Republic and occasionally surrounding countries. MFK Chrudim are the current champions. The tournament was known as Tipsport Cup from 1998 to 2007.
Marie Priess
Marie Priess (née Marie Drew or Drews) (1885, Bünsdorf, Germany – 9 January 1983, Reinbek, West Germany), was an anti-fascist member of the Resistance movement during World War II and a member of the Red Orchestra organization, an espionage group in Germany.

Reinbek
Reinbek (German: [ˈʁaɪnbeːk] ⓘ; probably from "Rainbek" = brook at the field margin; Northern Low Saxon: Reinbeek) is a town located in Stormarn district in the northern German state of Schleswig-Holstein within the metropolitan region of Hamburg.  It can be accessed by the A1, the A24 autobahn, federal highway 5 and the S-Bahn line S2.

Reinbek was first mentioned in 1226, the city rights were given in 1952.
The town is located at the river Bille which was dammed up here to form a mill pond.
Jacob Kraus
Jacob Kraus  (14 October 1861, Groningen – 24 August 1951, The Hague) was a Dutch hydraulic engineer, professor at the University of Santiago, Chile, and at Delft University of Technology and government minister of water management between 1905 and 1908.

University of Santiago, Chile
The University of Santiago, Chile (Usach) (Spanish: Universidad de Santiago de Chile) is one of the oldest public universities in Chile. The institution was born as Escuela de Artes y Oficios (Spanish: School of Arts and Careers) in 1849 by Ignacy Domeyko, under the government of Manuel Bulnes. It became Universidad Técnica del Estado (Spanish: Technical University of the State) in 1947, with various campuses throughout the country. In 1981, as a consequence of a reform on higher education under the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet, it became what is now known as Universidad de Santiago de Chile, with all activities centered in a single 340,000 m2 campus in the capital Santiago.
Alazka
Alazka, (stylized in all caps) formerly known as Burning Down Alaska, was a German melodic hardcore band, originally from Recklinghausen, North Rhine-Westphalia, active from 2012 till their disbandment in 2020.

Recklinghausen
Recklinghausen (German pronunciation: [ˌʁɛklɪŋˈhaʊzn̩] ⓘ; Westphalian: Riäkelhusen) is the northernmost city in the Ruhr-Area and the capital of the Recklinghausen district. It borders the rural Münsterland and is characterized by large fields and farms in the north and industry in the south. Recklinghausen is the 60th-largest city in Germany and the 22nd-largest city in North Rhine-Westphalia.