hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Franklin's gull
Franklin's gull (Leucophaeus pipixcan) is a small (length 12.6–14.2 in, 32–36 cm) gull. The genus name Leucophaeus is from Ancient Greek leukos, "white", and phaios, "dusky". The specific pipixcan is a Nahuatl name for a type of gull.  The English common name was given to commemorate the arctic explorer Sir John Franklin, who led an expedition in 1825 on which the type was collected.

Mackenzie River expedition
The Mackenzie River expedition of 1825–1827 was the second of three Arctic expeditions led by explorer John Franklin and organized by the Royal Navy. Its goal was the exploration of the North American coast between the mouths of the Mackenzie and Coppermine rivers and Bering Strait, in what is now present-day Alaska, Yukon, the Northwest Territories, and Nunavut. Beginning at the Great Bear Lake, it started with a descent of the Mackenzie River. Franklin was accompanied by George Back and John Richardson, both of whom he had previously collaborated with in the disastrous Coppermine expedition of 1819–1821. Unlike Franklin's previous expedition, this one was largely successful, and the expedition mapped more than 1,000 km (620 mi) of new coastline between the Coppermine River and Prudhoe Bay, Alaska, an area that until then had remained largely unexplored by Europeans.
Viera (given name)
Viera is a female given name, similar to Vera. It means "faith" in the Slavic languages, though it is sometimes associated with the Latin word "verus", "true" (both words are derived from the PIE *weh₁ro- "true"). It was formerly a nickname for Vieroslava, and is pronounced vyeh-rah.

Vera (given name)
Vera (Cyrillic: Вера: Véra, "faith") is a female given name of Slavic origin. In Slavic languages, Vera means faith. The name Vera has been used in the English speaking world since the 19th century and was popular in the early 20th century. In Turkish Vera means piety. It is usually a feminine name. In the Russian language, Vera may also be a diminutive of the male first names Avenir and Averky.

Cyrillic script: Вера (Russian, Bulgarian, Serbian, Macedonian)

Diminutives: Verica (Serbian and Croatian), Verka or Vierka (Slovak), Verka, Verochka, Verunya, Verushka (Russian).

Other languages: Véra (French), Věra (Czech), Veera (Finnish), Wiera, Wiara (Polish), Ukrainian: Віра, romanized: Vira, Viera (Slovak), فيرا (Arabic)
Canyon Creek (Arizona)
34°11′20″N 110°45′2″W﻿ / ﻿34.18889°N 110.75056°W﻿ / 34.18889; -110.75056
Canyon Creek is located in the Mogollon Rim area of the state of Arizona. The closest town, Young, is 20 miles (32 km) away. The facilities are maintained by Tonto National Forest division of the USDA Forest Service.

Mogollon Rim
The Mogollon Rim (/moʊɡəˈjoʊn/) is a topographical and geological feature cutting across the northern half of the U.S. state of Arizona. It extends approximately 200 miles (320 km), starting in northern Yavapai County and running eastward, ending near the border with New Mexico. It forms the southern edge of the Colorado Plateau in Arizona.
Michele Bredenkamp
Michele Herman Bredenkamp is a United States Army lieutenant general who has served as director's advisor for military affairs to the director of national intelligence since January 2024. She most recently served as the Commanding General of the United States Army Intelligence and Security Command from 2021 to 2023. She previously served as the director of intelligence of the United States Forces Korea and deputy director of intelligence of the Combined Forces Command.

In September 2025, she was nominated to be the ninth Director of the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA).

United States Army Intelligence and Security Command
The United States Army Intelligence and Security Command (INSCOM) is a direct reporting unit that conducts intelligence, security, and information operations for United States Army commanders, partners in the Intelligence Community, and national decision-makers. INSCOM is headquartered at Fort Belvoir, Virginia.

INSCOM contributes units to the National Security Agency (NSA), the United States' unified signals intelligence (SIGINT) organization. Within the NSA, INSCOM and its counterparts in the Navy, Air Force, Space Force, Coast Guard, and Marine Corps comprise the Central Security Service. INSCOM's budget has been estimated to be approximately $6 billion.

As a direct reporting unit, INSCOM reports directly to the chief of staff of the Army.
MBAND
MBAND is a Russian boy band, founded by producer and composer Konstantin Meladze.

The group was established on November 22, 2014 after the grand final of the singing competition "I Want to Meladze". The band's first single, "She will be back", has become one of the most played songs in Russia in 2015.

The MBAND additionally won awards such as Golden Gramophone Award, Song of the Year, "RU.TV Award", and "Real Music Box Prize". In 2015, the group won the MTV Europe Music Award for Best Russian Act and was awarded "Discovery of the Year in Popular Music" at the Russian National Music Awards. They were also presented as "Russian musical breakthrough of the year" at the 2015 American Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards.

On April 28, 2016, the musical comedy film Fix Everything starring the group was released in Russia, which also starred Nikolay Baskov and other Russian actors.

Russian National Music Award
The Russian National Music Award (abbr. RNMA) (Russian: Российская национальная музыкальная премия; abbr. РНМП, romanized: Rossiyskaya natsional'naya muzykal'naya premiya. RNMP), also known as Russian Music Award, (abbr. RMA) (Russian: Российская музыкальная премия, romanized: Rossiyskaya muzykal'naya premiya. RMP; abbr. РМП) or Victoria Award (Russian: Виктория премия, romanized: Viktoriya premiya) is a music award, established in 2015 by the Academy of Russian Music, to recognise the talent and achievements in the Russian popular and classical music scene.

The nominees and winners are chosen by a jury consisting of members of the Academy of Russian Music. The Russian National Music Award is considered the Russian equivalent to the Grammy Award.
Young, Black, Rich and Famous
Young, Black, Rich and Famous is the third album by the rap artist, producer and songwriter M-Doc.

The set felt somewhere between rap and R&B, and its ambitions were probably best realized on the lead single, which was a cover of the Deniece Williams' number one hit from 1977 "Free" M-Doc's version of the song released as the lead single scored minor chart success on the U.S. Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles, where it peaked at number sixty-one in 1998.

To the album contributed several other performers. Among them, the singer CeCe Peniston (on the track "Keep It Real"), with whom M-Doc collaborated on the singles produced for her ("Searchin'", "I'm Not Over You" and "He Loves Me 2").

Deniece Williams
June Deniece Williams (née Chandler; born June 3, 1950) is an American singer. She has been described as "one of the great soul voices" by the BBC.

She is best known for the songs "Free", "Silly", "It's Gonna Take a Miracle" and two Billboard Hot 100 No.1 singles "Let's Hear It for the Boy" and "Too Much, Too Little, Too Late" (with Johnny Mathis).

Williams has won four Grammys with twelve nominations altogether. She (with Johnny Mathis) is also known for recording “Without Us”, the theme song of Family Ties.
Portrait of William Gordon
Portrait of William Gordon is an 1766 portrait painting by the Italian artist Pompeo Batoni. It depicts the Scottish soldier Colonel William Gordon. Gordon was on his Grand Tour when he sat to Batoni in Rome. He is shown wearing the uniform of the 105th Foot, a Highland regiment of the British Army which he had commanded during the Seven Years' War. Distinctly Neoclassical in tone, the Huntly Tartan plaids resemble those of a Roman toga. A statue of Roma and the ruins of the Colosseum in the background reinforces this association. Gordon likely chose to be depicted in Highland costume, at a time when it was still had lingering association with Jacobite sympathies. James Boswell saw the painting in Batoni's studio during his visit to Rome.

The painting is in the collection of Fyvie Castle in Aberdeenshire, controlled by the National Trust for Scotland.

Statue
A statue is a free-standing sculpture in which the realistic, full-length figures of persons or animals are carved or cast in a durable material such as wood, metal or stone. Typical statues are life-sized or close to life-size. A sculpture that represents persons or animals in full figure, but that is small enough to lift and carry is a statuette or figurine, whilst those that are more than twice life-size are regarded as colossal statues.

Statues have been produced in many cultures from prehistory to the present; the oldest-known statue dating to about 30,000 years ago. Statues represent many different people and animals, real and mythical. Many statues are placed in public places as public art. The world's tallest statue, Statue of Unity, is 182 metres (597 ft) tall and is located near the Narmada dam in Gujarat, India.
Melbourne Weekender
Melbourne Weekender is an Australian travel and lifestyle show featuring various locations in Melbourne and Victoria, and showing destinations and experiences which can be enjoyed on a weekend. The weekly, half-hour program is produced by Seven Productions.

Abbey Holmes
Abbey Holmes (/hɒlmz/ HOLMZ; born 7 January 1991) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for the Adelaide Football Club in the AFL Women's (AFLW). She began playing football for the Waratah Football Club in the Northern Territory Football League in 2012 and won four consecutive premierships with the club, along with being the league's leading goalkicker the same four seasons. In 2014, she became the first woman to kick 100 goals in a season in an established football league, and in 2016 she was drafted in the inaugural AFL Women's draft by Adelaide.

In 2019, Holmes competed in the sixth season of Australian Survivor. She was eliminated on day 46 and finished in fifth place. She would then return to Australian Survivor All Stars the following season where she placed nineteenth.
834 Burnhamia
834 Burnhamia (prov. designation: A916 SG or 1916 AD) is a large background asteroid, approximately 61 kilometers (38 miles) in diameter, that is located in the outer region of the asteroid belt. It was discovered on 20 September 1916, by German astronomer Max Wolf at the Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany. The X-type asteroid (GS) has a rotation period of 13.9 hours. It was named after American astronomer Sherburne Wesley Burnham (1838–1921).

Astronomische Nachrichten
Astronomische Nachrichten (Astronomical Notes), one of the first international journals in the field of astronomy, was established in 1821 by the German astronomer Heinrich Christian Schumacher. It claims to be the oldest astronomical journal in the world that is still being published. The publication today specializes in articles on solar physics, extragalactic astronomy, cosmology, geophysics, and instrumentation for these fields. All articles are subject to peer review.
1,8-Octanediol
1,8-Octanediol, also known as octamethylene glycol, is a diol with the molecular formula HO(CH2)8OH, a white solid. It can be produced with high purity by hydrogenation of esters of suberic acid.: 133

1,8-Octanediol, which has a low melting temperature, can be found at high purity for relatively low cost.  These characteristics are ideal for a reference material at moderate temperature in the context of solid-liquid Phase-Changing Materials (PCMs).

1,8-Octanediol dihexanoate strongly attracts adult male Parallelostethus attenuatus click beetles, and the pheromone of this species may consist entirely of this compound.

Hydrogenation
Hydrogenation is a chemical reaction between molecular hydrogen (H2) and another compound or element, usually in the presence of a catalyst such as nickel, palladium or platinum. The process is commonly employed to reduce or saturate organic compounds. Hydrogenation typically constitutes the addition of pairs of hydrogen atoms to a molecule, often an alkene. Catalysts are required for the reaction to be usable; non-catalytic hydrogenation takes place only at very high temperatures. Hydrogenation reduces double and triple bonds in hydrocarbons.
Timo Achenbach
Timo Achenbach (born 3 September 1982) is a German former professional footballer who played as a left-sided defender and midfielder.

A youth exponent of Borussia Dortmund, he had loans spells at VfB Lübeck and 1. FC Köln before playing for SpVgg Greuther Fürth, Alemannia Aachen, and SV Sandhausen in the 2. Bundesliga. In 2015 he moved to lower league side KFC Uerdingen 05.

Internationally, he represented Germany playing for the U21 and B teams.

Germany national football B team
Germany B (or Germany A2) is a secondary team of the Germany national football team, used to try out and develop players for potential inclusion in the first team. The team, which has not been active since 2006, can play against other nations' B-teams, or against full national teams, but its matches are not considered full internationals.

The team was known as Team 2006, as it was the development team for the 2006 FIFA World Cup, which was hosted in Germany.
MV Wickenburgh
Wickenburgh was a cargo liner that was built in 1938 as Adler by Lübecker Maschinenbau Gesellschaft, Lübeck for German owners. Requisitioned by the Kriegsmarine in 1940, she was seized by the Allies in Vordingborg, Denmark in May 1945, passed to the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT) and renamed Empire Coningsby. In 1946, she was transferred to the Dutch Government and renamed Margeca. In 1947 she was sold into merchant service and renamed Wickenburgh. In 1953 her compound steam engine and low-pressure steam turbine were replaced with a diesel engine, with a reduction in gross register tonnage from 1,494 to 1,420. She was sold to Greek owners in 1963 and renamed Nissos Thassos. In 1970 she was sold to Panamanian owners and renamed Savilco. She was scrapped in 1984.

Ministry of War Transport
The Ministry of War Transport (MoWT) was a department of the British Government formed early in the Second World War to control transportation policy and resources. It was formed by merging the Ministry of Shipping and the Ministry of Transport, bringing responsibility for both shipping and land transport to a single department, and easing problems of co-ordination of transport in wartime.

The MoWT was founded on 1 May 1941, when Lord Leathers was appointed Minister of War Transport. Following the general election of July 1945, Alfred Barnes was appointed Minister of War Transport, remaining in the post after the department was renamed the Ministry of Transport in April 1946.
Mark Sirengo
Mark Sirengo Mabwete (born 2 July 1974) is a Kenyan former international footballer who played as a midfielder. He was capped 41 times by the Kenya national team and scored 7 goals. He played club football for Eldoret KCC, Mumias Sugar, Simba, APR, ATRACO and Western Stima.

ATRACO F.C.
ATRACO FC was a football club from Kigali in Rwanda. It won the Rwandan Premier League in 2008. It was the club of the Association of Transport Companies, which had been dissolved in 2011. The 2009/10 season was the last played by the team, which finished in second place.
Achiam
Achiam (born Ahiam Shoshany; February 10, 1916 – March 26, 2005) was a Franco-Israeli sculptor who worked around Paris after 1947. His work consists largely of direct carvings in stone and wood—very plain, pure forms, mostly figurative.

Figurative art
Figurative art, sometimes written as figurativism, describes artwork (particularly paintings and sculptures) that is clearly derived from real object sources and so is, by definition, representational. The term is often in contrast to abstract art:

Since the arrival of abstract art the term figurative has been used to refer to any form of modern art that retains strong references to the real world.

Painting and sculpture can therefore be divided into the categories of figurative, representational and abstract, although, strictly speaking, abstract art is derived (or abstracted) from a figurative or other natural source. However, "abstract" is sometimes used as a synonym of non-representational art and non-objective art, i.e. art which has no derivation from figures or objects.

Figurative art is not synonymous with figure painting (art that represents the human figure), although human and animal figures are frequent subjects.
Röggelchen
Röggelchen (of German Roggen for rye) is a small double bread roll made from two pieces of dough. Röggelchen are a common speciality in the Rhineland and in eastern Belgium.

The rye content must be at least 50% of the flour.  The rye dough consists of a bread roll dough to which rye flour or sourdough is added.

Röggelchen are usually offered for sale in pairs. They are baked in a pair and then broken in two, so that the contact point is open. The rustic bread roll is baked vigorously, which makes the browning very dark. It is quite common for the tan to turn black.

Cologne's speciality Halve Hahn is prepared with Röggelchen. The Röggelchen is often eaten with a glass of Altbier or a glass of Kölsch.

Sourdough
Sourdough is a type of bread that uses fermentation by naturally occurring yeast and lactobacillus bacteria to raise (leaven) the dough. In addition to leavening the bread, the fermentation process produces lactic acid, which gives the bread its distinctive sour taste and improves its keeping qualities.
Music technology (electronic and digital)
Digital music technology encompasses the use of digital instruments to produce, perform or record music. These instruments vary, including computers, electronic effects units, software, and digital audio equipment. Digital music technology is used in performance, playback, recording, composition, mixing, analysis and editing of music, by professions in all parts of the music industry.

Performance
A performance is an act or process of staging or presenting a play, concert, or other forms of entertainment. It is also defined as the action or process of carrying out or accomplishing an action, task, or function.
2024 United States Chess Championship
The 2024 edition of the United States Chess Championship took place at the Saint Louis Chess Club in St. Louis, Missouri from 10 October to 24 October 2024. As with every United States Chess Championship tournament since 2014, it was a round-robin tournament. Twelve players were invited to compete. Besides the reigning US champion, these included the winners of the US Open Chess Championship, the US Junior Championship, and the US Senior Open Championship. The remaining players were chosen by highest invitational rating, or were selected by the United States Chess Federation (USCF) as wildcards.

The twelve qualifiers were Fabiano Caruana, Wesley So, Leinier Domínguez, Levon Aronian, Sam Shankland, Ray Robson, Samuel Sevian, Hans Niemann, Christopher Yoo, Abhimanyu Mishra, Grigoriy Oparin and Awonder Liang, all of whom are grandmasters.

Fabiano Caruana won the tournament by 1.5 points from six players who tied for second.

Samuel Sevian
Samuel Sevian (born December 26, 2000) is an American chess grandmaster. A former chess prodigy, he earned the grandmaster title at the age of 13 years, 10 months and 27 days, making him the youngest ever American grandmaster at the time. He also broke all US age records in reaching the titles of National and International Master.
The Real Housewives of New Jersey season 13
The thirteenth season of The Real Housewives of New Jersey, an American reality television series, was broadcast on Bravo from February 7, 2023. It is primarily filmed in New Jersey; its executive producers are Jordana Hochman, Sarah Howell, Mioshi Hill, Lauren Volonakis, Maggie Langtry, Lisa Levey and Andy Cohen.

The Real Housewives of New Jersey focuses on the lives of returning cast members Teresa Giudice, Melissa Gorga, Dolores Catania, Margaret Josephs and Jennifer Aydin. Danielle Cabral and Rachel Fuda join the cast, with Jackie Goldschneider and Jennifer Fessler joining the cast as Friends of the Housewives.

Margaret Josephs
Margaret Katona Josephs (born April 9, 1967) is an American fashion designer, entrepreneur and television personality. She is the owner, founder and designer of a lifestyle brand called Macbeth Collection. She has been a main cast member of the Bravo reality television series The Real Housewives of New Jersey since its eighth season in 2017.
Al-Uqaydat
Al-Uqaydat is a large Arab tribe predominantly based between Syria and Iraq. It is the largest tribe in the Deir ez-Zor province and according to Max von Oppenheim, it is the largest tribe in all of Mesopotamia. Members of the tribe can be found on both sides of the Iraqi-Syrian border.

The Uqaydat tribe is descended from the tribe of Zubaid.

Max von Oppenheim
Baron Max von Oppenheim (15 July 1860 – 17 November 1946) was a German lawyer, diplomat, ancient historian, pan-Islamist and archaeologist. He was a member of the Oppenheim banking dynasty. Abandoning his career in diplomacy, he discovered the site of Tell Halaf in 1899 and conducted excavations there in 1911–13 and again in 1927–29. Bringing many of his finds to Berlin, he exhibited them in a private museum (The Tell Halaf Museum) in 1931. This was destroyed by Allied bombing in World War II; however, most of the findings were recently restored and have been exhibited again at Berlin and Bonn.

Oppenheim was a controversial figure before and during World War I because he was considered a spy by the French and British. In fact, he engaged in anti-Allied propaganda, which was aimed at stirring up the Muslim populations of the Allied-controlled territories against their colonial masters.
Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester
The Department of Chemistry at the University of Manchester is one of the largest departments of Chemistry in the United Kingdom, with over 600 undergraduate and more than 200 postgraduate research students.

The department has comprehensive academic coverage across the chemical sciences and in all the core sub-disciplines of chemistry, with over 120 postdoctoral researchers.

Robert Robinson (chemist)
Sir Robert Robinson OM FRS FRSE (13 September 1886 – 8 February 1975) was a British organic chemist and Nobel laureate recognised in 1947 for his research on plant dyestuffs (anthocyanins) and alkaloids. In 1947, he also received the Medal of Freedom with Silver Palm.
Daniel J. Anderson
Daniel J. Anderson (November 2, 1945 – February 5, 2023) was an American ceramic artist, studio potter, and teacher. He was known for his depictions of architectural forms and imagery of the American Midwest, including water towers, silos and oil cans. He also made extensive use of ceramic decals to reference topics ranging from corporate logos and mascots, to baseball, to notable people including ceramic artists.

Anderson studied at the University of Wisconsin - River Falls, graduating with a BS in Art Education in 1968, and then completed his MFA at the Cranbrook Academy of Art in Michigan in 1970. He taught ceramics at Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, IL, from 1970 to 2002. He remained a professor emeritus at SIU until his death.

Cranbrook Academy of Art
The Cranbrook Academy of Art, a graduate school for architecture, art, and design, was founded by George Gough Booth and Ellen Scripps Booth in 1932. It is the art school of the Cranbrook Educational Community. Located in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, Cranbrook grants MFA or MArch degrees to students who have completed a two-year course in graphic design, industrial design, interactive design, architecture, ceramic art, fiber art, metalsmithing, painting, photography, print media, or sculpture. Described as an experiment in radical art education, each department is led by an artist-in-residence, who acts as mentor, advisor, and professor to the students in that department. Cranbrook is closely tied to the Arts and Crafts movement in America.