hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Paul Duprex
William Paul Duprex (pronounced /djuːˈpreɪ/ dew-PRAY; born 1968) is a British scientist and advocate for vaccines and global health. He serves as director of the University of Pittsburgh's Center for Vaccine Research and Regional Biocontainment Laboratory. Duprex holds the Jonas Salk Chair in Vaccine Research. He is also a professor of microbiology and molecular genetics at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and serves as editor-in-chief of the Journal of General Virology, which is published by the Microbiology Society, and a senior editor of mSphere, published by the American Society for Microbiology. Duprex is an expert in measles and mumps viruses and studies viral spillover from animals to humans, including the SARS-CoV-2 virus that caused the COVID-19 pandemic. Duprex is a Fellow of the American Academy of Microbiology.

Spillover infection
Spillover infection, also known as pathogen spillover and spillover event, occurs when a reservoir population with a high pathogen prevalence comes into contact with a novel host population. The pathogen is transmitted from the reservoir population and may or may not be transmitted within the host population. Due to climate change and land use expansion, the risk of viral spillover is predicted to significantly increase.
Chebotarevsky
Chebotarevsky (Russian: Чеботаревский) is a rural locality (a khutor) in Bolshovskoye Rural Settlement, Serafimovichsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 109 as of 2010. There are 5 streets.

Serafimovichsky District
Serafimovichsky District (Russian: Серафимо́вичский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the thirty-three in Volgograd Oblast, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Serafimovichsky Municipal District. It is located in the west of the oblast. The area of the district is 4,360 square kilometers (1,680 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Serafimovich. Population: 25,378 (2010 Census); 27,137 (2002 Census); 27,684 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Serafimovich accounts for 36.9% of the district's total population.
Jani Lawani
Jani Lawani (Aymara) is a 4,605-metre-high (15,108 ft) mountain in the Chilla-Kimsa Chata mountain range in the Andes of Bolivia. It is located in the La Paz Department, Ingavi Province, Jesús de Machaca Municipality, and in the Los Andes Province, Laja Municipality. Jani Lawani lies south of Wiñaymarka Lake, the southern branch of Lake Titicaca, northwest of Siqurini, Phujtir Pata Punta and Asir Kunka.

Wiñaymarka Lake
Wiñaymarka Lake (also: Huiñaymarca) is the southern branch of Lake Titicaca in Bolivia and Peru. The lake is hypothesised to have dried up during the  Middle Formative Period as a result of a long-term drop in precipitation in the Altiplano from 400 to 200 BCE.
Atlético Minero
Club Atlético Minero is a Peruvian football club based in Matucana, located in the Department of Lima. It was founded in 1997 and was promoted to the Primera División Peruana in 2008 where it played for one season. It has played in the Peruvian Segunda Division ever since.

Department of Lima
Lima (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈlima]; Jaqaru: Nimaja, [niˈmaxa]) is a department of Peru. Located in the country's central coast, it is administered by a regional government based in Huacho, whose jurisdiction does not include the quasi-autonomous special regime of the province of Lima, coterminous with the country's capital, Lima.
W. Hudson Kensel
W. Hudson Kensel (June 16, 1928 – January 16, 2014) was a historian and author of the American West. He is professor emeritus from California State University at Fresno.

At Fresno, he was the chairman of the Department of History. His early childhood was spent at Pahaska Tepee and Cody, Wyoming. He thereafter moved to the state of Washington where he completed his education. He is the author of Pahaska Tepee, Buffalo Bill's Old Hunting Lodge and Hotel, A History, 1901-1946 and Dude Ranching in Yellowstone Country: Larry Larom and Valley Ranch, 1915-1969, published in 2010 by the University of Oklahoma Press at Norman, Oklahoma. Valley Ranch, one of the first of the western dude ranches, was established by the New York City native Larry Larom. Now privately owned, it is located on the South Fork of the Shoshone River in northwestern Wyoming.

Idaho State Historical Society
The Idaho State Historical Society (ISHS) is a historical society located in the U.S. state of Idaho that preserves and promotes the state's cultural heritage.

The society was founded as the Historical Society of Idaho Pioneers in 1881, nine years before statehood in 1890, and was established as a state agency in 1907. Employing over 50 staff and over 100 volunteers; it includes the Idaho State Historical Museum, the official state museum; the Idaho State Archives, which provides public access to state archives, for which it is responsible, in addition to a variety of other reference material; the State Historic Preservation Office, which maintains records of historic places and archaeological sites in the state; and the Historic Sites Program, which oversees a number of historic sites including the Old Idaho State Penitentiary.
Zama (film)
Zama [ˈsama] is a 2017 period drama film written and directed by Lucrecia Martel, based on the 1956 novel of the same name by Antonio di Benedetto. It premiered at the 74th Venice International Film Festival. It was also screened in the Masters section at the 2017 Toronto International Film Festival. On 29 September 2017, the Argentine Academy of Cinematography Arts and Sciences chose the film as the national entry for Best Foreign Language Film at the 90th Academy Awards and Best Iberoamerican Film at the 32nd Goya Awards.

In 2022, it was selected as the 19th greatest film of Argentine cinema in a poll organized in 2022 by the specialized magazines La vida útil, Taipei and La tierra quema, which was presented at the Mar del Plata International Film Festival.

Mar del Plata International Film Festival
The Mar del Plata International Film Festival (Spanish: Festival Internacional de Cine de Mar del Plata) is an international film festival that takes place every November in the city of Mar del Plata, Argentina. It is the only competitive feature festival recognized by the FIAPF in Latin America, and the oldest in this category in the Americas. The festival is organized by the National Institute of Cinema and Audiovisual Arts (INCAA).
TV Brasília
TV Brasília (channel 6) is RedeTV!-affiliated Brazilian television station based in Brasília. The station was founded on April 21, 1960, by Assis Chateaubriand, on the same day as the inauguration of Brasília. Currently, half of its shares belong to the Diários Associados and the other half to Organizações Paulo Octávio. Its studios are located in the headquarters of the newspaper Correio Braziliense, where Diários Associados's graphic designers are located. Its transmitters are located in the digital TV tower in Brasília, in the administrative region of Lago Norte. It is the oldest inland television station in the country and is considered RedeTV!'s most important affiliate.

Lago Norte
Lago Norte (Portuguese pronunciation: [laɡu nɔʁtʃi]; lit. North Lake) is an administrative region in the Federal District in Brazil. Located to the north side of Paranoá Lake, it is bordered by Brasília, Sobradinho II, and Sobradinho to the north, Itapoã and Paranoá to the east. Lago Norte shares a maritime border with Lago Sul, Paranoá, and Brasília through the Paranoá Lake. It completely surrounds the administrative region of Varjão. Most of its inhabited area is located on a peninsula of Lake Paranoá. Lago Norte is home to the Brasília Digital TV Tower. Lago Norte was founded on January 10, 1960, receiving the status of administrative region, according to Law 641, of January 10, 1994. In a 2010 report, its population was 41,627. Its current administrator is Marcelo Ferreira da Silva.
Loa Falkman
Carl Johan "Loa" Falkman (born 24 July 1947) is a Swedish opera singer, actor and artist. He was appointed hovsångare by H.M. the King of Sweden in 2003.

After studying music, Falkman made his first major performance on the Royal Swedish Opera in 1973.

In Melodifestivalen 1990 (Swedish preselection contest for the Eurovision Song Contest), Falkman got the last place with his song "Symfonin" ("The Symphony"). He often plays pompous, vile characters like Wall-Enberg in Lilla Jönssonligan, Tillström in Newsmakers or Factory Owner Persson in Kronjuvelerna.

Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest 1990
Sweden was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 1990 with the song "Som en vind", written by Mikael Wendt, and performed by the band Edin-Ådahl. The Swedish participating broadcaster, Sveriges Television (SVT), selected its entry through Melodifestivalen 1990.
Christine Muhongayire
Christine Muhongayire (born 1978) is a Rwandan politician, currently a member of the Chamber of Deputies in the Parliament of Rwanda.

Muhongayire represents the Southern Province and is a member of the Rwandan Patriotic Front. Her district is Nyaruguru District.

Muhongayire is the head of the Committee on Social Affairs in the Chamber of Deputies.

Chamber of Deputies (Rwanda)
The Chamber of Deputies (Kinyarwanda: Umutwe w'Abadepite; French: Chambre des Députés) is the lower house of the bicameral national legislature of Rwanda.
It was created under the new Constitution adopted by referendum in 2003.
Alexander Zalivin
Alexander Zalivin (born July 15, 1990) is a Russian professional ice hockey goaltender who currently plays for MHk 32 Liptovský Mikuláš of the Tipsport Liga.

Zavalin previously played six games for HC Dynamo Moscow of the Kontinental Hockey League during the 2016–17 season.

Slovak Extraliga
The Slovak Extraliga, known as the Tipsport liga since the 2025–26 season for sponsorship reasons, is the highest-level ice hockey league in Slovakia. From 2018–19 to 2020–21, the league included one or two teams from Hungary.

Teams from the Extraliga can participate in the IIHF's annual Champions Hockey League (CHL). Participation is based on the strength of the various leagues in Europe (excluding the KHL). In the 2022–23 CHL season, the Extraliga was ranked the No. 10 league in Europe, so the champion of the previous season competed in the CHL.

The 1993–94 season was the first of the Slovak Extraliga following the peaceful dissolution of Czechoslovakia midway through the 1992–93 Czechoslovak Extraliga season – which all Slovak and Czech teams played to completion.
Yazutsu
Yazutsu (矢筒, lit. the "[Japanese] Arrow Barrel") or Yadzutsu is a type of arrow quiver used in kyūdō, Japanese archery, using the Japanese longbow, the Yumi. It is generally cylindrical in shape, and zippered at the top, and appears something like a cylindrical holder of plans.

As kyūdō ya (arrows) are quite long, the yazutsu is quite long compared to quivers from other styles of archery.

Traditional yazutsu are made of cloth/satin or leather, modern ones are often made of synthetic material. They are often decorated with cord. In kyūdō the yazutsu is generally just used to carry the arrows to the dōjō. Once in the dōjō, they are held in the hand or placed on the ground for actual nocking and shooting.

Traditional archers may use another type of quiver, the yebira. This may be worn on the back and is also used in modern ceremonial archery.

Dojo
A dōjō (道場; Japanese pronunciation: [doꜜː(d)ʑoː]) is a hall or place for immersive learning, experiential learning, or meditation. This is traditionally in the field of martial arts. The term literally means "place of the Way" in Japanese.
Mark Doyon
Mark W. Doyon (born October 4, 1962) is an American author, recording artist, and creative director.  He has led the indie rock bands Arms of Kismet, Wampeters and Waterslide, and produced tribute albums to Jonathan Richman, Lou Reed and Warren Zevon.  He is the founder and principal of the record label and media company Wampus Multimedia.

Cat's Cradle
Cat's Cradle is a satirical postmodern novel, with science fiction elements, by American writer Kurt Vonnegut. Vonnegut's fourth novel, it was first published on March 18, 1963, exploring and satirizing issues of science, technology, the purpose of religion, and the arms race, often through the use of morbid humor.
Highland Park (Hong Kong)
Highland Park (Chinese: 浩景臺) is a Sandwich Class Housing Scheme estate developed by the Hong Kong Housing Society situated at the mid-level of Lai King Hill, Kwai Chung, New Territories, Hong Kong near Lai King Fire Station and Lai King Disciplined Services Quarters. Formerly the site of Lai King Temporary Housing Area (Chinese: 荔景臨時房屋區), it consists of six residential blocks completed in 1999.

Kwai Chung
Kwai Chung is an urban area within Tsuen Wan New Town in the New Territories of Hong Kong. Together with Tsing Yi Island, it is part of the Kwai Tsing District of Hong Kong. It is also part of Tsuen Wan New Town.

In 2000, it had a population of 287,000. Its area is 9.93 km2. Areas within Kwai Chung include: Kwai Fong, Kwai Hing, Lai King, Tai Wo Hau. Kwai Chung is the site of part of the container port of Hong Kong.
Jay Simpson
Jay-Alistaire Frederick Simpson (born 1 December 1988) is an English former professional footballer who played as a forward.

A product of the Arsenal Academy, he never played a league game for Arsenal, spending most of his time on loan, at Millwall, West Bromwich Albion and Queens Park Rangers. In 2010, he joined Hull City, and was released three years later. Simpson spent time in Thailand with Buriram United, winning the 2014 Kor Royal Cup before returning to England with Leyton Orient. He later played two years with Philadelphia Union of Major League Soccer, before returning to England and rejoining Orient.

PFA Team of the Year
The Professional Footballers' Association Team of the Year (often called the PFA Team of the Year, or simply the Team of the Year) is an annual award given to a set of 55 footballers across the top four tiers of men's English football: the Premier League, the Championship, League One and League Two, as well as the top tier of women's football:  the Women's Super League.

The award has been presented to men since the 1973–74 season and women since the 2013–14 season. The shortlist is compiled by the members of the players' trade union, the Professional Footballers' Association (PFA), in January of every year, with the winners then being voted for by the other players in their respective divisions.

The award is regarded by players in the Football League as the highest accolade available to them, due to it being picked by their fellow professionals.
Night Prosecutor's Program
The Night Prosecutor's Program was a prosecutorial diversion program in Columbus, Ohio. Through this, law professors and law students served as "intake counselors" who processed cases and decided whether they should be referred for prosecution or go into the mediation process. Social work, psychology and seminary students were brought in to work with the law students, adding a counseling component. It won many awards and served as a model for more than fifty similar programs in several other states. It was designated as an Exemplary Project by the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration (which is now the National Institute of Justice).

Diversion program
A diversion program, also known as a pretrial diversion program or pretrial intervention program, in the criminal justice system is a form of pretrial sentencing that helps remedy the behavior leading to the arrest. Administered by the judicial or law enforcement systems, they often allow the offender to avoid conviction and include a rehabilitation program to prevent future criminal acts. Availability and the operation of such systems differ in different countries.
Ludwig Bachmann
Ludwig Gottlob Ernst Bachmann (1 January 1792, in Leipzig – 15 April 1881) was a German classical philologist.

He studied philology in Leipzig, followed by work as a "collaborator" in Halle and as a schoolteacher in Wertheim. In 1825 he embarked on an extended study trip, where he visited libraries in Rome, Naples, Vienna and Paris. In 1829 he obtained his Doctorate of Philosophy.

He later relocated to Rostock, where he served as director of the Große Stadtschule Rostock (1832 to 1865) as well as a professor at the University of Rostock (1833 to 1881). As a professor, he taught classes in ancient literature, archaeology, classical mythology and ancient geography.

His principal works are the two-volume Anecdota Graeca (1829), and an edition of the Greek poet Lycophron, Lycophronis Alexandra (1830). He also published editions and essays on Callimachus, Meletius of Antioch, Manuel Moschopoulos, Theodore II Laskaris and Homer (the Iliad).

Ancient literature
Ancient literature comprises religious and scientific documents, tales, poetry and plays, royal edicts and declarations, and other forms of writing that were recorded on a variety of media, including stone, clay tablets, papyri, palm leaves, and metal.

Before the spread of writing, oral literature did not always survive well, but some texts and fragments have persisted.

An unknown number of written works have not survived the ravages of time and are therefore lost.
Gammalite
Gammalite (1976 – 21 December 2006) was an Australian bred Standardbred racehorse who was the first Standardbred to win A$1 million in Australia. He was regarded as one of Australia's most successful pacers with 16 Group one wins. He won the Inter Dominion Championship twice and was inducted into the Inter Dominion Hall of Fame.

He was bred, owned and trained by Leo and Maureen O'Connor of Terang. Gammalite was foaled in 1976 and was sired by Thor Hanover (USA) and his dam was High Valley by Intangible (USA). High Valley produced 13 foals, the best of which were Alphalite, (winner of twenty three races, including the Victoria Derby), Amative (13 races), Betalite (15 races), The Rogue (22 races), and Omega Valley (12 races).

Standardbred
The Standardbred is an American horse breed best known for its ability in harness racing where they compete at either a trot or pace. Developed in North America, the Standardbred is recognized worldwide, and the breed can trace its bloodlines to 18th-century England. They are solid, well-built horses with good dispositions.
Valérie Schmaltz
Valérie Schmaltz is a Canadian politician, who was elected to the National Assembly of Quebec in the 2022 Quebec general election. She represents the riding of Vimont as a member of the Coalition Avenir Québec.

Vimont (electoral district)
Vimont (French pronunciation: [vimɔ̃]) is a provincial electoral district in the Laval region of Quebec, Canada, that elects members to the National Assembly of Quebec.  It consists of part of the city of Laval.

It was created for the 1981 election from parts of Fabre and Mille-Îles electoral districts.

In the change from the 2001 to the 2011 electoral map, it lost much of its territory to the newly created Sainte-Rose electoral district, but gained some territory to the east from Mille-Îles.
Silver Lake (Serbia)
Silver Lake or Srebrno Lake (Serbian: Сребрно језеро / Srebrno jezero, lit. 'Silver Lake') is an oxbow lake along the right Danube bank in the Braničevo region in eastern Serbia, near the town of Veliko Gradište. It is a popular tourist resort.

Resort
A resort (North American English) is a self-contained commercial establishment that aims to provide most of a vacationer's needs. This includes food, drink, accommodation, sports, entertainment and shopping, on the premises. A hotel is frequently a central feature of a resort and the term resort may be used for a hotel that provides an array of entertainment and recreational activities.

Some resorts are also condominium complexes that offer timeshares or fractional ownership, in addition to wholly owned condominiums. A resort is not always a commercial establishment operated by a single company, but in the late 20th century, this type became more common.

In British English, "resort" means a town which people visit for holidays and day trips, typically containing hotels where holidaymakers stay. Blackpool and Brighton in UK and Ayia Napa in Cyprus are examples of such places.
Heinze River
The Heinze River, aka Heinze Chaung, is a river of Myanmar. It has its source in the Tenasserim Hills and ends in the Andaman Sea in the Tanintharyi Region coast. The Heinze Islands is a small island group located 25 km to the SSW of the mouth of the Heinze River.

Andaman Sea
The Andaman Sea (historically also known as the Burma Sea) is a marginal sea of the northeastern Indian Ocean bounded by the coastlines of Myanmar and Thailand along the Gulf of Martaban and the west side of the Malay Peninsula, and separated from the Bay of Bengal to its west by the Andaman Islands and the Nicobar Islands.  Its southern end is at Breueh Island just north of Sumatra, with the Strait of Malacca further southeast.

Traditionally, the sea has been used for fishery and transportation of goods between the coastal countries and its coral reefs and islands, which are popular tourist destinations.  The fishery and tourist infrastructure was severely damaged by the December 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami.
Abdur Rashid Tarkabagish
Khandakar Abdur Rashid (Bengali: খন্দকার আব্দুর রশীদ), better known as Abdur Rashid Tarkabagish (Bengali: আব্দুর রশীদ তর্কবাগীশ; 27 November 1900 – 20 August 1986) was a Bangladeshi politician and Islamic scholar. His career spans from the anti-colonial independence movement to the establishment of both Pakistan and Bangladesh. Tarkabagish was the second president of the All Pakistan Awami Muslim League, and served as a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan and later the Parliament of Bangladesh. Despite being a member of the treasury bench, he opposed what he considered to be the repressive mentality of the Nurul Amin government towards the Bengali language movement.

All-Pakistan Awami League
The All-Pakistan Awami League (before 1955 the All-Pakistan Awami Muslim League), or simply Awami League, was a Pakistani political party founded by Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy in February 1950. Pir of Manki Sharif and Khan Ghulam Mohammad Khan from the North-West Frontier Province (NWFP) joined it soon afterwards.
Anarchist Manifesto
Anarchist Manifesto (or The World's First Anarchist Manifesto) is a work by Anselme Bellegarrigue, notable for being the first manifesto of anarchism. It was written in 1850, two years after his participation in the French Revolution of 1848, and ten years after Pierre-Joseph Proudhon's seminal What Is Property?.
 It was translated into English by Paul Sharkey and republished in 2002 as a 42-page political pamphlet by the Kate Sharpley Library with an introduction placing the manifesto in historical context by Anarchist Studies editor Sharif Gemie.

Pamphlet
A pamphlet is an unbound book (that is, without a hard cover or binding). Pamphlets may consist of a single sheet of paper that is printed on both sides and folded in half, in thirds, or in fourths, called a leaflet, or it may consist of a few pages that are folded and saddle stapled or sewn at the crease to make a simple book.

In the "International Standardization of Statistics Relating to Book Production and Periodicals", UNESCO defines a pamphlet as "a non-periodical printed publication of 5 to 48 pages, excluding covers, published in a specific country and available to the public," while a book is "a non-periodical printed publication of at least 49 pages, excluding covers." These definitions are intended solely for UNESCO's book production statistics.