hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sass Henno
Sass Henno (born September 13, 1982, in Tartu, Estonian SSR, Soviet union) is an Estonian writer.

He attended Miina Härma Secondary Grammar School in Tartu between 1989-2001. Between 2001-2003 he studied computer graphics and advertising in Tartu Art College, then film and video directing in the Tallinn University between 2003-2005. Since 2007 he has been attending a master’s level screenwriting course in Baltic Film and Media School.

He won the first prize in Estonian Novel Competition 2005 with his work Mina olin siin. Esimene arest. A feature-length film based on the novel was released in 2008 (I Was Here).

Henno worked in Estonian Television as an assistant and director. Since 2005 he has been a member of Estonian Writers' Union. Since 2010 he works as a CEO of Spring Advertising ad agency Royal Service event marketing agency.

Henno also enjoys reading, sailing and shooting (IPSC).

Eesti Päevaleht
Eesti Päevaleht (Estonia Daily) is a major daily Estonian newspaper, from the same publishers as the weekly Eesti Ekspress.

Another newspaper under the same name is published weekly in Stockholm, Sweden.
Falkland Road railway station
Falkland Road railway station served the village of Freuchie, Fife, Scotland from 1847 to 1958 on the Edinburgh and Northern Railway. It lay almost 1 kilometre to the south of the village at the north end of the Markinch Gap.

Markinch
Markinch (/mɑːrˈkɪntʃ/, Scottish Gaelic: Marc Innis) is both a village and a parish in the heart of Fife, Scotland. According to an estimate taken in 2008, the village has a population of 2,420. The civil parish had a population of 16,530 (in 2011). Markinch is east of Fife's administrative centre, Glenrothes, and preceded Cupar as Fife's place of warranty and justice prior to the 13th century.
Gambling (surname)
Gambling is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

John B. Gambling (1897–1974), host of the radio show "Rambling With Gambling" from 1925 to 1959

John A. Gambling (1930–2004), host of the radio show "Rambling With Gambling" from 1959 to 1991

John R. Gambling (born 1950), host of the radio show "Rambling With Gambling" from 1991 to 2000

William Alexander Gambling (1926-2021), electrical engineer and pioneer of optical fibre communication

John B. Gambling
John Bradley Gambling (April 9, 1897 – November 21, 1974) was an American radio personality. He was a member of the Gambling family, 3 generations of whom—John B., John A. and John R.—were hosts of WOR Radio's (New York City, 710 AM) morning show Rambling with Gambling (later known as The John Gambling Show) over the course of over 75 years (1925–2000 and 2008–2013).
E-research
The term e-Research (alternately spelled eResearch) refers to the use of information technology to support existing and new forms of research. This extends cyber-infrastructure practices established in STEM fields such as e-Science to cover other all research areas, including HASS fields such as digital humanities.

Cyberinfrastructure
United States federal government agencies use the term cyberinfrastructure to describe research environments that support advanced data acquisition, data storage, data management, data integration, data mining, data visualization and other computing and information processing services distributed over the Internet beyond the scope of a single institution.  In scientific usage, cyberinfrastructure is a technological and sociological solution to the problem of efficiently connecting federal laboratories, large scales of data, processing power, and scientists with the goal of enabling novel scientific discoveries and advancements in human knowledge.
Alma Alcaraz
Alma Edwviges Alcaraz Hernández (born 17 October 1971) is a Mexican politician from the National Regeneration Movement (Morena). She was born in La Barca, Jalisco, but grew up in the state of Sinaloa.

From 2006 to 2009, she served as a federal deputy in the 60th Congress, representing the first electoral region (which includes Sinaloa) for the National Action Party (PAN).

On 27 September 2018, Alcaraz was named the state director of MORENA in Guanajuato.

Alcaraz Hernández contended for the governorship of Guanajuato in the 2 June 2024 election, representing the Morena-led Sigamos Haciendo Historia coalition.

LX Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LX Legislature (60th session) of the Congress of Mexico met from September 1, 2006, to September 1, 2009. All members of both the lower and upper houses of Congress were elected in the elections of July 2006.
David Manning (cricketer)
David Manning (born 9 March 1963) is a former English cricketer.  Manning is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm off break.  He was born at Wolverhampton, Staffordshire.

Manning represented the Worcestershire Cricket Board in List A cricket.  His debut List A match came against the Kent Cricket Board in the 1999 NatWest Trophy.  From 1999 to 2003, he represented the Board in 8 List A matches, the last of which came against Worcestershire in the 2003 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy. In his 8 List A matches, he scored 169 runs at a batting average of 28.16, with a single half century high score of 80.  In the field he took 4 catches. In the field he took 3 wickets at a bowling average of 31.33, with best figures of 2/12.

He currently plays club cricket for Wolverhampton Cricket Club in the Birmingham and District Premier League.

1999 NatWest Trophy
The 1999 NatWest Trophy was the 19th NatWest Trophy.  It was an English limited overs county cricket tournament which was held between 4 May and 29 August 1999. The tournament was won by Gloucestershire who defeated Somerset by 50 runs in the final at Lord's.
Water reducer
Water reducers are special chemical products added to a concrete mixture before it is poured. They are from the same family of products as retarders. The first class of water reducers was the lignosulfonates which has been used since the 1930s. These inexpensive products were derived from wood and paper industry, but are now advantageously replaced by other synthetic sulfonate and polycarboxylate, also known as superplasticizers.

Water reducers offer several advantages in their use, listed below:

reduces the water content by 5-10%

decreases the concrete porosity

increases the concrete strength by up to 25% (as less water is required for the concrete mixture to remain workable)

increases the workability (assuming the amount of free water remains constant)

reduces the water permeability (due to less water being used)

reduces the diffusivity of aggressive agents in the concrete and so improves the durability of concrete

gives a better finish to surfaces (due to all of the above)

Porosity
Porosity or void fraction is a measure of the void (i.e. "empty") spaces in a material, and is a fraction of the volume of voids over the total volume, between 0 and 1, or as a percentage between 0% and 100%. Strictly speaking, some tests measure the "accessible void", the total amount of void space accessible from the surface (cf. closed-cell foam).

There are many ways to test porosity in a substance or part, such as industrial CT scanning.

The term porosity is used in multiple fields including pharmaceutics, ceramics, metallurgy, materials, manufacturing, petrophysics, hydrology, earth sciences, soil mechanics, rock mechanics, and engineering.
Deputy minister (Canada)
In Canada, a deputy minister (DM; French: sous-ministre) is the senior civil servant in a government organization, who acts as deputy head. Deputy ministers take political direction from a minister of the Crown, who is typically an elected member of Parliament and responsible for the department.

The Canadian position is equivalent to the position of permanent secretary in the United Kingdom and the Australian position of departmental secretary. This position should not be confused with the deputy prime minister of Canada, who is not a civil servant at all, but a politician and senior member of the Cabinet.

Much of the current management structure of the Government of Canada – including the role of deputy heads – originates from the Royal Commission on Government Organization, also known as the Glassco Commission.

The title is not only used for the federal (national) government, but also for equivalent positions in the provincial and territorial governments.

Department secretary
In Australia, a departmental secretary is the most senior public servant of an Australian Government or state government department. They are typically responsible for the day-to-day actions of a department.
Ashutosh Phatak
Ashutosh Phatak is a composer, producer, multi-instrumentalist and entrepreneur based in Mumbai. He is one of the founding partners of live music chain blueFROG, co-founder of The True School of Music, and The Quarter. He is the founder of singShala music learning app formerly known as Learn to Sing.
Ashu has composed music for over 4000 television commercials, soundtracks for over 10 feature films, and released over 15 contemporary music albums.

White Noise (2005 film)
White Noise is a 2005 supernatural horror film directed by Geoffrey Sax and starring Michael Keaton and Deborah Kara Unger. The title refers to electronic voice phenomena (EVP), where  anomalous voice-like sounds, which some believe to be from the "other side" — interpreted as spirit voices, are found on electronic audio recordings.
Swift J1727.8−1613
Swift J1727.8-1613 (also known as J1727) is a ultraluminous low-mass x-ray binary 8,800 light years away with an orbital period of about 7.6 hours. The compact object in the system is a stellar-mass black hole with a mass of at least 3.12±0.10 M☉︎, in orbit with an early K-type companion star. The black hole's relativistic jet is the most resolved continuous X-ray binary jet, and one of the most physically extended X-ray binary jets yet discovered. The system was first detected in August 2023.

K-type main-sequence star
A K-type main-sequence star is a main-sequence (core hydrogen-burning) star of spectral type K. The spectral luminosity class is V. These stars are intermediate in size between red dwarfs and yellow dwarfs, hence the term orange dwarfs often applied to this type.
Bustamante Park
Bustamante Park is an urban park in Providencia, Santiago de Chile. It is built on the former site of Pirque railroad station and adjacent classification yard. The park is bounded by Providencia Avenue on the north, just south of Plaza Baquedano, and Marín Street on the south.

Providencia, Chile
Providencia (Spanish pronunciation: [pɾoβiˈðensja], Spanish: "providence") is a commune of Chile located in Santiago City. It is bordered by the communes of Santiago to the west, Recoleta to the northwest, Las Condes and Vitacura to the northeast, La Reina to the east, and Ñuñoa to the south. It belongs to the Northeastern zone of Santiago de Chile.

Providencia is home to a large upper-middle to upper-class population and it holds the region's highest percentage of population over 60 (22%). It contains many high-rise apartment buildings as well as a significant portion of Santiago's commerce. It is notable for its large, old, and elegant houses, once inhabited by the Santiago elite and now mostly used as offices. The municipality is also home to many embassies, including Canada, Poland, Hungary, Italy, France, Egypt, Russia, Japan, China, and Uruguay. Providencia has one of the highest human development indexes of any city in Latin America.
John Robert de Laeter
John Robert de Laeter, AO, FTSE, FAIP (3 May 1933 – 16 August 2010) was an Australian scientist with a distinguished career across several fields in nuclear physics, cosmochemistry, geochronology, isotope geochemistry. He was also a prominent administrator and promoter who oversaw the establishment of several scientific research and education centres in Western Australia.

Isotope geochemistry
Isotope geochemistry is an aspect of geology based upon the study of natural variations in the relative abundances of isotopes of various elements. Variations in isotopic abundance are measured by isotope-ratio mass spectrometry, and can reveal information about the ages and origins of rock, air or water bodies, or processes of mixing between them.

Stable isotope geochemistry is largely concerned with isotopic variations arising from mass-dependent isotope fractionation, whereas radiogenic isotope geochemistry is concerned with the products of natural radioactivity.
North-West Tasmania Thunder
The North-West Tasmania Thunder are a defunct Australian basketball team that played in the South East Australian Basketball League (SEABL) and NBL1 South. The team was based in Ulverstone, Tasmania, and played their home games at the Ulverstone Sports and Leisure Centre.

Ulverstone, Tasmania
Ulverstone is a town on the northern coast of Tasmania, Australia on the mouth of the River Leven, on Bass Strait. It is on the Bass Highway, 21 kilometres (13 mi) west of Devonport and 12 kilometres (7 mi) east of Penguin.

As of June 2021 Ulverstone had an urban population of 11,613, being the largest town in Tasmania. The town is a part of the municipality of the Central Coast Council, which also includes Penguin, Turners Beach, Leith, Gawler and surrounds, and Forth.
Issak Tavior
Isaak Tavior (Hebrew: יצחק תויאור) was a pianist, composer and conductor. He was born in Haifa, Israel on 18 September 1943 to Rosa and Avraham Vichodetz. Tavior was the recipient of the Prize for Creativity in the field of Zionism in 2012, granted him by the Israeli Minister of Culture, Limor Livnat, for his 2004 composition "Vision of the Valley of Dry Bones" named for the prophecy of the same name.

Limor Livnat
Limor Ahava Livnat (Hebrew: לימור אהבה לבנת; pronunciationⓘ; born 22 September 1950) is an Israeli former politician. She served as a member of the Knesset for Likud between 1992 and 2015, and was Minister of Communications, Minister of Education, and Minister of Culture & Sport.
High School Affiliated to Minzu University of China
The High School Affiliated to Minzu University Of China (Chinese: 中央民族大学附属中学), colloquially Mindafuzhong abbreviated to MDFZ (Chinese: 民大附中), is the affiliated high school of Minzu University of China, and is one of the prestigious high schools in Beijing.

The school is a public, fully accredited secondary school directly affiliated with the National Ethnic Affairs Commission and managed by the Minzu University of China. It operates independently as a legal entity. The school has two campuses: the Haidian Campus located at No. 5 Jia, Fahuasi, Haidian District, Beijing, and the Chaoyang Campus at No. 1 Jia, Tianshuiyuan, Jintai Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing.

Ulanhu
Ulanhu or Ulanfu (Chinese: 乌兰夫; pinyin: Wūlánfū; 23 December 1907 – 8 December 1988), born Yun Ze (Chinese: 云泽), was the founding Chairman of China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, serving from 1947 to 1966.

An ethnic Tumed Mongol, he took the nom de guerre Ulanhu (lit. 'Red son') and had the nickname of "Mongol Prince” during his political career. He served as Vice Premier between 1956 and 1966. He was purged during the Cultural Revolution but later reinstated. Between 1983 and 1988 he held the office of Vice President of China.

Ulanhu was the highest-ranking minority official in PRC history, and became an icon of loyalty both to the Mongolian people and to the PRC. Except for the period of the Cultural Revolution, his family dominated the politics of Inner Mongolia. His son Buhe served as Chairman of Inner Mongolia for a decade, and his granddaughter Bu Xiaolin was appointed to the same position in 2016.
Komi Dzje
Komi Dzje (Ԇ ԇ; italics: Ԇ ԇ) is a letter of the Molodtsov alphabet, a variant of Cyrillic used in the writing of the Komi language in the 1920s. It is derived from the Cyrillic letter З.

The pronunciation of the letter in Komi is the voiced alveolo-palatal affricate [d͡ʑ], like the pronunciation of Serbo-Croatian đ.

Voiced alveolo-palatal affricate
A voiced alveolo-palatal sibilant affricate is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbols in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represent this sound are ⟨d͡ʑ⟩, ⟨d͜ʑ⟩. The tie bar may be omitted, yielding ⟨dʑ⟩. There is also a ligature ⟨ʥ⟩, which has been retired by the International Phonetic Association but is still used. Occasionally the stop component is transcribed ⟨ɟ⟩. An older transcription that indicated approximately the same sound was ⟨dʓ⟩.

⟨d⟩ is a broad transcription of the stop component, which can be narrowly transcribed as ⟨d̠ʲ⟩ (retracted and palatalized [d]). There is also a para-IPA letter ⟨ȡ⟩. Therefore, narrow transcriptions include ⟨d̠ʲʑ⟩ and ⟨ȡʑ⟩. However, this is not normally done because the stop component is by default assumed to be homorganic with the fricative component of the consonant.

[dʑ] is the sibilant equivalent of a voiced palatal affricate.
Usmon Toshev
Usmon Qudratovich Toshev (23 September 1965, Bukhara, Uzbek SSR) is an Uzbekistani professional football coach and player. From November 2018 he was the head coach of Bukhara, which competes in the Uzbekistan Super League. From October 2024, until his resignation on May 11, 2025, he was the head coach of the Afghanistan national football team. He's also been the head of the National Teams Department in the Uzbekistan Football Association.

Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic
The Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic (UzSSR), also known as Soviet Uzbekistan, the Uzbek SSR, or simply Uzbekistan and rarely Uzbekia, was a union republic of the Soviet Union. It was governed by the Uzbek branch of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, the legal political party, from 1925 until 1990. From 1990 to 1991, it was a sovereign part of the Soviet Union with its own legislation.

Beginning 20 June 1990, the Uzbek SSR adopted the Declaration of State Sovereignty within its borders. Islam Karimov became the republic's inaugural president.

On 31 August 1991, the Uzbek SSR was renamed the Republic of Uzbekistan and declared independence three months before the Soviet Union's dissolution on 26 December 1991.

Uzbekistan was bordered by Kazakhstan to the north; Tajikistan to the southeast; Kirghizia to the northeast; Afghanistan to the south; and Turkmenistan to the southwest.
Kristian Tettli Rennemo
Kristian Tettli Rennemo (born November 1, 1984) is a Norwegian cross-country skier who competed between 2004 and 2015. His best FIS Cross-Country World Cup finish was a win in a 4 × 10 km relay event in Finland in March 2010 at the 2009–10 FIS Cross-Country World Cup.

2009–10 FIS Cross-Country World Cup
The 2009–10 FIS Cross-Country World Cup was a multi-race tournament over the season for cross-country skiers. It was the 29th official World Cup season in cross-country skiing for men and women. The season started 21 November 2009 in Beitostølen, Norway and ended on 21 March 2010 in Falun, Sweden. The World Cup was organised by the FIS who also run world cups and championships in ski jumping, snowboarding and alpine skiing amongst others. A new website was created by the FIS for Cross-country skiing fan that was released the week of 16 November 2009.
1865 Dunedin mayoral election
The Dunedin mayoral election held on 21 July 1865 was the inaugural mayoral election in Dunedin, New Zealand.

Five candidates stood for election. William Mason was successful, with James Paterson coming second. The other three candidates received much fewer votes than those two candidates. Edward Cargill acted as returning officer. Polling was undertaken in four wards: South, High, Bell, and Leith. A secret ballot based on the first-past-the-post voting system was used in Dunedin, in contrast to Christchurch and Wellington, where mayors were chosen by the city councillors amongst themselves until 1875.

1876 Christchurch mayoral election
The 1876 Christchurch City mayoral election was the first election for the Mayor of Christchurch held by public vote. The election, held on 20 December, was won by James Gapes, who beat fellow city councillor Charles Thomas Ick.
Shin Sang-sik
Shin Sang-sik (Korean: 신상식; 8 January 1937 – 16 October 2025) was a South Korean politician. A member of the Democratic Justice Party and the Democratic Liberal Party, he served in the National Assembly from 1981 to 1996.

Shin died on 16 October 2025, at the age of 88.

New Korea Party
The New Korea Party (NKP; Korean: 신한국당; RR: Sinhangukdang) was founded by the merging of Roh Tae-woo's Democratic Justice Party, Kim Young-sam's Reunification Democratic Party and Kim Jong-pil's New Democratic Republican Party to form the Democratic Liberal Party (DLP; 민주자유당). It was renamed to New Korea Party in 1995.

In 1997, the NKP merged with the Democratic Party to form the Grand National Party.
Château de Petit-Bois
The Château de Petit-Bois (French pronunciation: [ʃɑto də pəti bwa]) is a 19th-century mansion in Cosne-d'Allier in the Allier department in the Auvergne region of France.

The château was noted for the design of the park, which by the use of an artificial channel and a screen of trees, gave it the appearance of standing on an island. Its former grounds have been destroyed, however.

Summed up and translated from the equivalent article at French Wikipédia, 6 November 2007

46°28′29″N 2°50′16″E﻿ / ﻿46.47472°N 2.83778°E﻿ / 46.47472; 2.83778

Auvergne
Auvergne (/oʊˈvɛərn(jə), oʊˈvɜːrn/; French: [ovɛʁɲ] ⓘ; Occitan: Auvèrnhe or Auvèrnha) is a cultural region in central France. It is now largely part of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes administrative region.

Auvergne is generally regarded as conterminous with the land area of the historical Province of Auvergne, which was dissolved in 1790, and with the now-defunct administrative region of Auvergne, which existed from 1956 to 2015.

The region is home to a chain of volcanoes known collectively as the "chaîne des Puys". The volcanoes began forming about 70,000 years ago, and most have eroded, leaving plugs of hardened magma that form rounded hilltops known as puys. The last confirmed eruption occurred around 4040 BCE.
Nicholas Milliken
Nicholas Milliken ECA is a Canadian politician who was elected in the 2019 Alberta general election to represent the electoral district of Calgary-Currie in the 30th Alberta Legislature. Milliken defeated incumbent Brian Malkinson by a margin of less than 1% (191 votes). He was appointed as Minister of Mental Health and Addiction and sworn in on October 24, 2022.

Milliken was elected Deputy Chair of Committees in the Alberta Legislature on May 21, 2019.

On June 21, 2022, Premier Jason Kenney appointed Milliken as Alberta's Minister of Infrastructure. He was later appointed to Premier Danielle Smith's first cabinet as Minister of Mental Health and Addiction, the first to lead a full Ministry of Mental Health and Addiction. Prior to Milliken's appointment, this position was held by Associate Ministers.

Milliken was defeated by Janet Eremenko of the Alberta NDP in the 2023 Alberta general election.

30th Alberta Legislature
The 30th Alberta Legislative Assembly was constituted after the general election on April 16, 2019. The United Conservative Party (UCP), led by Jason Kenney, won a majority of seats and formed the government. The New Democrats, led by outgoing Premier Rachel Notley, won the second most seats and formed the official opposition. The premiership of Jason Kenney began on April 30, 2019, when Jason Kenney and his first cabinet were sworn in by Lieutenant Governor of Alberta, Lois Mitchell. On October 11, 2022, Kenney resigned, and Danielle Smith, the new leader of the UCP, was sworn in as premier by Lieutenant Governor Salma Lakhani. The 30th Legislature was dissolved on May 1, 2023, triggering a general election on May 29.
Yoko Tsukasa
Yōko Tsukasa (司葉子, Tsukasa Yōko; born 20 August 1934) is a Japanese actress. During her sixty-year career, she worked with directors such as Yasujirō Ozu, Mikio Naruse and Akira Kurosawa. For her role in The Kii River (1966) she was awarded the Blue Ribbon Award, Mainichi Film Award and Kinema Junpo Award for Best Actress.

Mainichi Film Awards
The Mainichi Film Awards (毎日映画コンクール, Mainichi Eiga Konkūru)
are a series of annual film awards, sponsored by Mainichi Shimbun (毎日新聞), one of the largest newspaper companies in Japan, since 1946. It is the first film festival in Japan.