hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cranks' Ridge
Cranks' Ridge, sometimes called Hippie Hill, is a pine-covered ridge located on the way to Kasar Devi temple, above the town of Almora, Uttarakhand, India, the ancient capital of Kumaon.

Kasar Devi is a temple on the Kaashaay Hills, 7 km north from Almora, where Swami Vivekananda once came to meditate in the late 19th century. The place, got its popular name, Crank's Ridge, ever since Timothy Leary streaked on the ridge in the 1960s, when it became part of the Hippie trail, during the peak of hippie movement.

Counterculture
A counterculture is a culture whose values and norms of behavior are opposed to those of the current mainstream society, and sometimes diametrically opposed to mainstream cultural mores. A countercultural movement expresses the ethos and aspirations of a specific population during a well-defined era. When oppositional forces reach critical mass, countercultures can trigger dramatic cultural changes.

Prominent examples of countercultures in the Western world include the Levellers (1645–1650), Bohemianism (1850–1910), the more fragmentary counterculture of the Beat Generation (1944–1964), and the globalized counterculture of the 1960s which in the United States consisted primarily of Hippies and Flower Children (c. 1965–1973, peaking in 1967–1970). Regarding  this last  group, when referring to themselves, counterculture will usually be capitalized and is often hyphenated as: Counter-Culture or Counter-culture.
A Dozen Red Roses
"A Dozen Red Roses" is a song recorded by American country music artist Tammy Graham.  It was released in March 1997 as the second single from the album Tammy Graham.  The song reached #37 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.  The song was written by Archie Jordan, John Greenebaum and Carrie Folks.

Joan Kennedy also recorded the song on her 1997 album of the same name.

Tammy Graham
Tammy Wynette Graham (born February 7, 1968) is an American country music artist. Active as a singer and self-taught pianist since childhood, she first gained attention in her hometown before moving to Las Vegas and subsequently to Nashville, where she was signed to a recording contract with a division of Arista Nashville in 1997, releasing a studio album and charting three singles on the Billboard country music charts that year, including the No. 37-peaking "A Dozen Red Roses".
Dark Roots of Thrash
Dark Roots of Thrash is a double-disc live album and DVD by American thrash metal band Testament, released on October 15, 2013 through Nuclear Blast. The performance was recorded at The Paramount Theatre in Huntington, New York on February 15, 2013. It was released on October 22, 2013 in Europe and on October 29, 2013 in the United States.

Huntington (CDP), New York
Huntington is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) located within the Town of Huntington in Suffolk County, on the North Shore of Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 19,645 at the time of the 2020 census. The hamlet serves as the Town Seat of the Town of Huntington.

The hamlet's central business district, known locally as Huntington Village, is old and well developed, but it is not incorporated and does not have a village form of government.
America Vera Zavala
America Vera Zavala (born January 16, 1976, in Romania) is a Swedish politician and political writer of Chilean-Peruvian descent. She is a member of the Left Party. She is active in the "Global Justice Movement" and was also one of the founders of the Swedish section of ATTAC in 2001.

Vera-Zavala was born on 16 January 1976 in Romania. She is the daughter of Chilean film director Luis R. Vera and his Peruvian wife Maria Rosario Zavala. Her family moved to Sweden when she was young and she grew up in the suburb of Åkersberga north of Stockholm. In 1993 she became a member of the Young Left, the youth wing of the Left Party. She lived in Brussels for four years, working as an assistant at the Left Party's European Parliament office from 1995–1999. She also served as vice chairperson for the Young Left from 1999–2002.

Vera-Zavala has written on participatory democracy and globalisation. She has co-authored a debate book together with the Swedish writer Johan Norberg.

Association for the Taxation of Financial Transactions and for Citizens' Action
The Association pour la Taxation des Transactions financières et pour l'Action Citoyenne (Association for the Taxation of financial Transactions and Citizens' Action, ATTAC) is an activist organisation originally created to promote the establishment of a tax on foreign exchange transactions.
Pape Satàn, pape Satàn aleppe
"Pape Satàn, pape Satàn aleppe" is the opening line of Canto VII of Dante Alighieri's Inferno. The line, consisting of three words, is famous for the uncertainty of its meaning, and there have been many attempts to interpret it. Modern commentators on the Inferno view it as some kind of demonic invocation to Satan.

Flemish dialects
Flemish (Vlaams [vlaːms] ⓘ) is a Low Franconian dialect cluster of the Dutch language. It is sometimes referred to as Flemish Dutch (Vlaams-Nederlands), Belgian Dutch (Belgisch-Nederlands [ˈbɛlɣis ˈneːdərlɑnts] ⓘ), or Southern Dutch (Zuid-Nederlands). Flemish is native to the region known as Flanders in northern Belgium; it is spoken by Flemings, the dominant ethnic group of the region. Outside of Belgium Flanders, it is also spoken to some extent in French Flanders and the Dutch Zeelandic Flanders.
Crazy Times (film)
Crazy Times is a 1981 film written and executive produced by George C. Reeves Jr.. The film premiered on ABC. The plot is semi-autobiographical and focuses on a group of teenagers living in Rockaway Beach, Queens in 1955. The film stars Ray Liotta, Michael Paré, David Caruso, Talia Balsam and Annette McCarthy.

Michael Paré
Michael Kevin Paré (born October 9, 1958) is an American actor. He is best known for his roles in the films Eddie and the Cruisers (1983), Streets of Fire (1984), and The Philadelphia Experiment (1984), and on the series Houston Knights (1987–1988).
Papandreou
Papandreou (Greek: Παπανδρέου) is a Greek surname. It is the surname of:

Georgios Papandreou (historian) (1859–1940), historian and linguist

Georgios Papandreou (1888–1968), Greek politician and Prime Minister of Greece.

Dimitrios Papandreou (1891–1949), Archbishop Damaskinos of Athens.

Andreas Papandreou (1919–1996), Greek economist and politician and Prime Minister of Greece.

Vasso Papandreou (1944–2024), Greek PASOK politician, European Commissioner

George Papandreou (born 1952), Greek politician and Prime Minister of Greece.

Giorgos Papandreou (born 1969), footballer

Giorgos Papandreou
Giorgos Papandreou (born 12 February 1969) is a retired Greek footballer who played for several teams in Greek Super League (Kavala, Paniliakos, Athinaikos, Ethnikos Asteras and Kalamata) and Cypriot First Division (Digenis Morphou and APOEL). He also played for years in Beta Ethniki and Gamma Ethniki. He was a powerful striker.
Central Park tram stop
Central Park is a tram stop on the Oldham and Rochdale Line (ORL) of Greater Manchester's light rail Metrolink system. It opened to passengers on 13 June 2012 as part of Phase 3a of Metrolink's expansion, and is located in the Newton Heath area of Manchester, England.

The station was constructed in 2005 but was unused until 2012.

The station serves the Central Park area, an urban renewal development project in north-east Manchester which includes the new headquarters of Greater Manchester Police and the Sharp Project. The station forms part of The Gateway, a £36.5 million transport interchange which will include local bus services as well as the Metrolink tram stop.

The Sharp Project
The Sharp Project is a Manchester space hosting flexible office, production and event space. It is based in a 200,000 square feet (19,000 m2) refurbished warehouse previously occupied by electronics company Sharp.

Manchester City Council purchased the former warehouse owned by the Sharp Corporation in 2006 for £6.1 million and decided to keep the Sharp name for the new development. The development of the facility was headed by Sue Woodward, former Managing Director at the Granada Television franchise.
Niculae Flocea
Niculae Flocea (born June 5, 1987) is a Romanian sprint canoeist who has competed since 2007. He won a bronze medal in the C-4 500 m event at the 2007 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships  in Duisburg.

Flocea finished fourth in the C-2 1000 m event at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing.

Canoeing at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's C-2 1000 metres
The men's C-2 1000 metres competition in canoeing at the 2008 Summer Olympics took place at the Shunyi Olympic Rowing-Canoeing Park in Beijing between August 18 and 22.  The C-2 event was raced in two-man sprint canoes.

Competition consisted of three rounds: the heats, the semifinals and the final. All boats competed in the heats. The top three finishers in each of the two heats advanced directly to the final, while the top nine finishers from both heats moved on to the semifinal. The top three finishers in the semifinal joined the heats winners in the final.

Heats took place on August 18, semifinals on August 20, and the final on August 22.
2011 Women's Indoor Hockey World Cup
The 2011 Women's Indoor Hockey World Cup was the third edition of this tournament. It was played at 8–13 February 2011 in Poznań, Poland. For the first time in history, teams from all five continents were represented.

Netherlands was the defending champion.

Netherlands men's national field hockey team
The Netherlands national men's field hockey team represents the Netherlands in international men's field hockey and is controlled by the Koninklijke Nederlandse Hockey Bond, the governing body for field hockey in the Netherlands.

The Netherlands are one of the most successful teams in the world, having won the Summer Olympics three times, the Hockey World Cup three times, the Champions Trophy eight times, the EuroHockey Nations Championship seven times, Pro League three times and the Hockey World League once.
2014 Can-Am League season
The 2014 Canadian American Association of Professional Baseball season was the league's 10th season of operations. Following the regular season, the playoffs were held. The Rockland Boulders captured their first championship title in just their fourth season, in the sixth game on September 8, 2014, over their rivals, the New Jersey Jackals.  Since there were only four teams in the league, the top two teams made it to the playoffs for a single championship round.

Can–Am League
The Canadian American Association of Professional Baseball, commonly known as the Can-Am League, was a professional baseball league with teams in Eastern Canada and Northeastern United States. Founded in 2005 in Dayton, Ohio, the league was formed as a reorganization of the Northeast League following the 2004 season.

The Can-Am League operated in cities not directly served by Major or Minor League teams and was not affiliated with either. Though a separate entity, the league shared a commissioner, president, and director of umpires with the American Association of Professional Baseball. The league was headquartered in Dayton, Ohio.

The league ceased operations after the 2019 season, with five of the remaining six teams joining the Frontier League.
Cosoltepec
Cosoltepec  is a town and municipality in Oaxaca in south-western Mexico. The municipality covers an area of 81.65 km2. 
It is part of the Huajuapan District in the north of the Mixteca Region.

As of 2005, the municipality had a total population of 1,022.

Mixteca Region
The Mixteca Region is a region in the state of Oaxaca, Mexico, part of the broader La Mixteca area which covers parts of the states of Puebla, Guerrero and Oaxaca.
The region includes the districts of Juxtlahuaca, Silacayoapam, Huajuapan, Coixtlahuaca, Teposcolula, Tlaxiaco and Nochixtlán. The largest cities are Huajuapan and Tlaxiaco.
According to the 2020 census the region had 452,429 people over the age of five, of which 227,680 spoke Mixteco.
Melvyn Bragg
Melvyn Bragg, Baron Bragg (born 6 October 1939), is an English broadcaster, author, and parliamentarian. Earlier in his career, Bragg worked for the BBC in various roles including presenter, a connection that resumed in 1988 when he began to host Start the Week on BBC Radio 4. He was also the editor and presenter of The South Bank Show (1978–2010, 2012–2023), and served as Chancellor of the University of Leeds from 1999 until 2017.

After his ennoblement in 1998, he switched to presenting the new BBC Radio 4 documentary series In Our Time, an academic discussion radio programme, which has run to more than one thousand broadcast editions and is also a podcast. In September 2025, Bragg announced that he would step down from hosting the show after 27 years.

Ennoblement
Ennoblement is the conferring of nobility—the induction of an individual into the noble class. Currently only a few kingdoms still grant nobility to people; among them Spain, the United Kingdom, Belgium and the Vatican. Depending on time and region, various laws have governed who  could be ennobled and how. Typically, nobility was conferred on individuals who had assisted the sovereign. In some countries (e.g. France under the Ancien Régime), this degenerated into the buying of patents of nobility, whereby rich commoners (e.g.  merchants) could purchase a title of nobility.
Mayfair Melody
Mayfair Melody is a 1937 British musical film, directed by Arthur B. Woods and starring popular bass-baritone singer Keith Falkner in the first of his three screen performances.

It was produced at Teddington Studios by the British subsidiary of Warner Brothers. The film was a quota quickie production, starring Falkner as a factory hand whose exceptional singing voice is discovered by the daughter of the factory owner.  She then helps him rise to fame and fortune as a professional singer.  Mayfair Melody is now considered a lost film.

Cinematograph Films Act 1927
The Cinematograph Films Act 1927 (17 & 18 Geo. 5. c. 29) was an act of the UK Parliament designed to stimulate the declining British film industry. It received royal assent on 22 December 1927 and came into force on 1 April 1928.
AB postcode area
The AB postcode area, also known as the Aberdeen postcode area  is a group of 33 postcode districts in north-east Scotland, within 24 post towns. These cover the Aberdeen council area (including the city of Aberdeen, Milltimber and Peterculter), Aberdeenshire (including Banff, Macduff, Fraserburgh, Peterhead, Ellon, Turriff, Huntly, Insch, Inverurie, Westhill, Alford, Strathdon, Ballater, Aboyne, Banchory, Laurencekirk and Stonehaven) and east Moray (including Buckie, Keith, Aberlour and Ballindalloch).

Mail for the AB postcode area is processed at Aberdeen Mail Centre.

Westhill, Aberdeenshire
Westhill is a suburban town in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, located 7 miles (11 km) west of the city of Aberdeen. As of 2022, it has a population of 11,750, making it one of the largest towns in Aberdeenshire.

The town is a blend of villages and farms that were gradually incorporated during its expansion in the latter half of the 20th century, most notably Elrick. It has a swimming pool, shopping centre, library, golf club and nature reserve.
Matyjaszki
Matyjaszki [matɨˈjaʂkʲi] (German: Mathiashof) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bartoszyce, within Bartoszyce County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia.

Bartoszyce County
Bartoszyce County (Polish: powiat bartoszycki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the border with Russia. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Bartoszyce, which lies 56 kilometres (35 mi) north of the regional capital Olsztyn. The county contains three other towns: Górowo Iławeckie, 21 km (13 mi) west of Bartoszyce, Bisztynek, 22 km (14 mi) south of Bartoszyce, and Sępopol, 14 km (9 mi) east of Bartoszyce.

The county covers an area of 1,308.54 square kilometres (505.2 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 57,642, out of which the population of Bartoszyce is 23,482, that of Górowo Iławeckie is 3,951, that of Bisztynek is 2,370, that of Sępopol is 1,958, and the rural population is 25,881.
Fenton Manor railway station
Fenton Manor railway station was a station in the Fenton area of Stoke-on-Trent, opened in 1889 by the North Staffordshire Railway on its line to Leek. It was on Victoria Road and was one of two stations in the area, the other being Fenton on the Stoke-Derby Line.

The station closed in 1956. The track is still in situ and the buildings still exist. The platform edges can still be traced.

At the end of the station, towards Leek, is the Fenton Manor Tunnel which is 106 yards (97 m) long.

Stoke-on-Trent
Stoke-on-Trent (often abbreviated to Stoke) is a city and unitary authority area in Staffordshire, England. It had an estimated population of 259,965 in 2022, making it the largest settlement in Staffordshire and one of the largest cities of the Midlands. Stoke is surrounded by the towns of Newcastle-under-Lyme, Alsager, Kidsgrove and Biddulph, which form a conurbation around the city.

The city is polycentric, formed from the federation of six towns in 1910. It took its name from the town of Stoke-upon-Trent, where the main centre of government and the principal railway station in the district were located. Hanley is the primary commercial centre. The other four towns which form the city are Burslem, Tunstall, Longton and Fenton.

As the home of the pottery industry in England, the area is known as The Potteries. It is a centre for service industries and distribution centres. It formerly had a primarily heavy industry sector.
National Competition Policy (India)
National Competition Policy is formulated by the Government of India with a view to achieving the highest sustainable levels of economic growth, entrepreneurship, employment, higher standards of living for citizens, protect economic rights, equitable, inclusive and sustainable economic and social development, promote economic democracy and support good governance by restricting rent-seeking practices. Dhanendra Kumar was the Chairman of the committee which was entrusted with the task of formulating India's National Competition Policy.

Rent-seeking
Rent-seeking is the act of growing one's existing wealth by manipulating public policy or economic conditions without creating new wealth.
Rent-seeking activities have negative effects on the rest of society. They result in reduced economic efficiency through misallocation of resources, stifled competition, reduced wealth creation, lost government revenue, heightened income inequality, heightened debt levels, risk of growing corruption and cronyism, decreased public trust in institutions, and potential national decline.

Successful capture of regulatory agencies (if any) to gain a coercive monopoly can result in advantages for rent-seekers in a market while imposing disadvantages on their uncorrupt competitors. This is one of many possible forms of rent-seeking behavior.
Gunārs
Gunārs is a Latvian masculine given name. It is a cognate of the name Gunnar. Notable people with the given name include:

Gunārs Astra (1931–1988), Latvian human rights activist and anti-Soviet dissident

Gunārs Birkerts (1925–2017), Latvian-born American architect

Gunārs Cilinskis (1931–1992), Latvian actor, film director and screenwriter

Gunārs Ķirsons (born 1951), Latvian entrepreneur and businessman

Gunārs Lūsis (born 1950), Latvian artist and graphic designer

Gunārs Piesis (1931–1996), Latvian film director

Gunārs Priede (1928–2000), Latvian playwright, engineer and architect

Gunārs Saliņš (1924–2010), Latvian modernist poet

Gunārs Skvorcovs (born 1990), Latvian ice hockey right winger

Gunārs Ulmanis (1938–2010), Latvian football right wing midfielder

Gunārs Piesis
Gunārs Piesis (19 July 1931 – 9 February 1996) was a Latvian film director. Many of Piesis's films are adaptations of classic stories, and he was one of the most popular directors during the Soviet era. Popular films include Nāves ēna (1971), Pūt, vējiņi (1973), Sprīdītis (1985), and Maija un Paija (1991).

Piesis struggled with mental health issues during his career, which he documented in his diary. His archives are now in the Riga Film Museum.
Charlie Chan at Treasure Island
Charlie Chan at Treasure Island is a 1939 American film directed by Norman Foster, starring Sidney Toler as the fictional Chinese-American detective Charlie Chan, that takes place on Treasure Island during San Francisco's Golden Gate International Exposition (1939–1940).

Sidney Toler
Sidney Toler (born Hooper G. Toler Jr., April 28, 1874 – February 12, 1947) was an American actor, playwright, and theatre director. The second non-Asian actor to play the role of Charlie Chan on screen, he is best remembered for his portrayal of the Chinese-American detective in 22 films made between 1938 and 1946. Before becoming Chan, Toler played supporting roles in 50 motion pictures, and was a highly regarded comic actor on the Broadway stage.
Sumas Prairie
Sumas Prairie is a landform in British Columbia, Canada and the State of Washington, United States.  Part of the Fraser Lowland, it was created by the draining of Sumas Lake early in the 20th Century, and extends from the Vedder Canal southwestwards into northern Whatcom County, Washington.  The British Columbia Highway 1 traverses the former lakebed on the prairie between Abbotsford and Chilliwack.

All of its Canadian portion, except its northeasternmost area around Yarrow, which is part of today's City of Chilliwack, was formerly the District of Sumas, which was amalgamated into the District of Abbotsford in 1972.

Chilliwack
Chilliwack (/ˈtʃɪləwæk/ CHIL-ə-wak) is a city with a population of about 100,000 people and an area of 261 square kilometres (101 sq mi) in the Canadian province of British Columbia. It is located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) east of the City of Vancouver in the Fraser Valley. The enumerated population is 93,203 in the city and 113,767 in the greater metropolitan area.

About two-thirds of city land is protected as part of the Agricultural Land Reserve, and agriculture accounts for about 30 percent of the local economy. The city is bounded on the north side by the Fraser River, and on the south side by the Vedder River and Canada–United States border, and is surrounded by tall mountain peaks, such as Mount Cheam and Slesse Mountain.
Natural Steps, Arkansas
Natural Steps is an unincorporated census-designated place in Pulaski County, Arkansas, United States. It is located 18 miles (29 km) northwest of Little Rock along the southern bank of the Arkansas River, on Arkansas Highway 300. Per the 2020 census, the population was 413. Today, it is a small farming community with scattered businesses. Most of the natural steps, a geologic formation, still stand today and are used as a marker for river runners. The Natural Steps are not open to the public for viewing.

Arkansas Gazette
The Arkansas Gazette was a newspaper in Little Rock, Arkansas, that was published from 1819 to 1991. It was known as the oldest newspaper west of the Mississippi River. It was located from 1908 until its closing at the now historic Gazette Building. For many years it was the newspaper of record for Little Rock and the State of Arkansas. It was Arkansas' first newspaper.