hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rachael Low
Rachael Low (6 July 1923 – 14 December 2014) was a British film historian, best known as the author of the seven-volume The History of the British Film.

The daughter of the cartoonist Sir David Low, she gained her BSc in sociology and economics in 1944 from the London School of Economics, and her doctorate from the University of London in 1949. She published, in seven volumes between 1948 and 1985, The History of the British Film; this examines, in exacting detail, film production in Britain from its origins in 1896 until 1939. She was awarded a Research Fellowship by Lucy Cavendish College, Cambridge, to facilitate her work on the later volumes of the series.

Film critic Matthew Sweet has criticised Low's "tyrannous influence" on the writings of subsequent film historians.

Matthew Sweet (writer)
Matthew Sweet is an English journalist, broadcaster, author, and cultural historian. A graduate of the University of Oxford, he has been interviewed on many documentaries about television for the BBC and Channel 4.
Martin Iosefo
Martin Iosefo (born January 13, 1990) is an American rugby union player who currently plays for the Seattle Seawolves in Major League Rugby (MLR). He previously played several seasons with the United States national rugby sevens team.

Seattle Seawolves
The Seattle Seawolves are an American professional rugby union team based in the Seattle metropolitan area that competes in Major League Rugby (MLR). The team was founded in 2017. The Seawolves won two MLR championships in 2018 and 2019, and lost in the 2022 final and 2024 final. They play home matches at the 4,000-seat main stadium at Starfire Sports in Tukwila, a suburb south of Seattle.
Penny Brahms
Penny Brahms (born Penelope K. Brams in 1951) is a British model and film and television actress whose career was active in the 1960s and 1970s. She co-starred with Joanna Lumley in the 1971 sex comedy Games That Lovers Play.

Sexual comedy
Sexual comedy (also known as sex comedy and erotic comedy) is a genre in which comedy is motivated by sexual situations and love affairs. Although "sexual comedy" is primarily a description of dramatic forms such as theatre and film, literary works such as those of Ovid and Giovanni Boccaccio may be considered sexual comedies.

Sexual comedy was popular in 17th century English Restoration theatre. From 1953 to 1965, Hollywood released a number of sexual comedies, some featuring stars such as Doris Day, Jack Lemmon and Marilyn Monroe. The United Kingdom released a spate of sexual comedies in the 1970s, notably the Carry On series. Hollywood released Animal House in 1978, which was followed by a long line of teen sexual comedies in the early 1980s, e.g. Porky's, Bachelor Party and Risky Business. Other countries with a significant sexual comedy film production include Argentina (comedia picaresca), Brazil (pornochanchada), Italy (commedia sexy all'italiana) and Mexico (sexicomedias).
'N Everything
"'N Everything" is an Al Jolson song by songwriters B.G. "Buddy" DeSylva and Gus Kahn. Jolson adapted the song with improvisation as performances of Sinbad progressed, leading Jolson to eventually be given co-lyricist credit on the song. The success of "'N Everything" prompted Jolson to ask DeSylva for further songs. And DeSylva complied with his request to write some songs, including "I'll Say She Does", again with Kahn and Jolson listed as his collaborators.

Buddy DeSylva
George Gard "Buddy" DeSylva (January 27, 1895 – July 11, 1950) was an American songwriter, film producer and record executive. He wrote or co-wrote many popular songs, and, along with Johnny Mercer and Glenn Wallichs, he co-founded Capitol Records.
The Videos 86–98
The Videos 86>98 is a music video compilation by the English electronic music band Depeche Mode, released to coincide with their compilation album The Singles 86>98. It was released in 1998 on VHS and DVD, and features 21 music videos and two short documentaries.

In 2002, an expanded 2-DVD edition, Videos 86>98 + (without "The", and with "+") was released. It includes all the material from the original release on DVD 1, as well as bonus material on DVD 2.

Anton Corbijn
Anton Johannes Gerrit Corbijn van Willenswaard (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɑntɔ ɲoːˈɦɑnəs ˈxɛrɪt kɔrˈbɛiɱ vɑɱ ˌʋɪlənsˈʋaːrt]; born 20 May 1955) is a Dutch photographer, film director, and music video director. He is the creative director behind the visual output of Depeche Mode and U2, having handled the principal promotion and sleeve photography for both bands over three decades. His music videos include Depeche Mode's "Enjoy the Silence" (1990), U2's "One" (version 1) (1991), Bryan Adams' "Do I Have to Say the Words?", Nirvana's "Heart-Shaped Box" (1993), Travis's "Re-Offender" (2003) and Coldplay's "Talk" (2005) and "Viva la Vida" (2008).

He directed the Ian Curtis biographical film Control (2007), The American (2010); A Most Wanted Man (2014), based on John le Carré's 2008 novel of the same name; and Life (2015), after the friendship between Life magazine photographer Dennis Stock and James Dean.
Coefficient of variation
In probability theory and statistics, the coefficient of variation (CV), also known as normalized root-mean-square deviation (NRMSD), percent RMS, and relative standard deviation (RSD), is a standardized measure of dispersion of a probability distribution or frequency distribution. It is defined as the ratio of the standard deviation  to the mean  (or its absolute value, ), and often expressed as a percentage ("%RSD").

The CV or RSD is widely used in analytical chemistry to express the precision and repeatability of an assay. It is also commonly used in fields such as engineering or physics when doing quality assurance studies and ANOVA gauge R&R, by economists and investors in economic models, in epidemiology, and in psychology/neuroscience.

Absolute value
In mathematics, the absolute value or modulus of a real number , denoted , is the (non-negative) magnitude of  measured without regard to its sign. Namely,  if  is a positive number, and  if  is negative (in which case negating  makes  positive), and . For example, the absolute value of 3 is 3, and the absolute value of −3 is also 3. The absolute value of a number may be thought of as its distance from zero.

Generalisations of the absolute value for real numbers occur in a wide variety of mathematical settings. For example, an absolute value is also defined for the complex numbers, the quaternions, ordered rings, fields and vector spaces. The absolute value is closely related to the notions of magnitude, distance, and norm in various mathematical and physical contexts.
Fumonisin B1 esterase
The enzyme fumonisin B1 esterase (EC 3.1.1.87, fumD (gene); systematic name fumonisin B1 acylhydrolase) catalyses the reaction

fumonisin B1 + 2 H2O  aminopentol + 2 propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate

The enzyme is involved in degradation of fumonisin B1.

Fumonisin B1
Fumonisin B1 is the most prevalent member of a family of toxins, known as fumonisins, produced by multiple species of Fusarium molds, such as Fusarium verticillioides, which occur mainly in maize (corn), wheat and other cereals. Fumonisin B1 contamination of maize has been reported worldwide at mg/kg levels. Human exposure occurs at levels of micrograms to milligrams per day and is greatest in regions where maize products are the dietary staple.

Fumonisin B1 is hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic in all animal species tested. The earliest histological change to appear in either the liver or kidney of fumonisin-treated animals is increased apoptosis followed by regenerative cell proliferation. While the acute toxicity of fumonisin is low, it is the known cause of two diseases which occur in domestic animals with rapid onset: equine leukoencephalomalacia and porcine pulmonary oedema syndrome. Both of these diseases involve disturbed sphingolipid metabolism and cardiovascular dysfunction.
Fenghua railway station
Fenghua station (奉化站) is a railway station on the Ningbo–Taizhou–Wenzhou railway located in Fenghua District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.

Service was temporarily shut down in mid-2023 due to construction.

Fenghua, Ningbo
Fenghua (Fenghuaⓘ; Chinese: 奉化; pinyin: Fènghuà; Wu: Von-ho) is a district of the city of Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China. The district and its administrative hinterlands have a population of over 480,000.

Fenghua is the hometown of two former presidents of the Republic of China, Chiang Kai-shek and Chiang Ching-kuo. Geographically, it is dominated by the Tiantai and Siming mountain ranges.
L'amore medico
L'amore medico (Doctor Cupid, also known as The Love Doctor) is an opera in two acts by composer Ermanno Wolf-Ferrari. Based on Molière's comedy L'Amour médecin, the work uses an Italian language libretto by Enrico Golisciani. It premiered in a German version by Richard Batka on 4 December 1913 at the Hoftheater in Dresden under the title Der Liebhaber als Arzt.

The opera's United States premiere took place on 25 March 1914 at the Metropolitan Opera in New York City, conducted by Arturo Toscanini. It was first performed in Italy on 6 March 1929 at the Teatro Regio (Turin), conducted by Franco Capuana.

Ermanno Wolf-Ferrari
Ermanno Wolf-Ferrari (born Ermanno Wolf) (12 January 1876 – 21 January 1948) was an Italian composer and teacher. He is best known for his comic operas such as Il segreto di Susanna (1909). A number of his works were based on plays by Carlo Goldoni, including Le donne curiose (1903), I quatro rusteghi (1906) and Il campiello (1936).
Brigitte Pientka
Brigitte Pientka (born 1971) is a computer scientist whose research involves formal methods for software system safety, including type theory, automated reasoning, and the operational semantics of functional programming. Born in Germany and educated in Germany and the US, she works in Canada as a professor of computer science at McGill University, where she heads the Computation and Logic Group.

Formal methods
In computer science, formal methods are mathematically rigorous techniques for the specification, development, analysis, and verification of software and hardware systems. The use of formal methods for software and hardware design is motivated by the expectation that, as in other engineering disciplines, performing appropriate mathematical analysis can contribute to the reliability and robustness of a design.

Formal methods employ a variety of theoretical computer science fundamentals, including logic calculi, formal languages, automata theory, control theory, program semantics, type systems, and type theory.
Katsuragi Ace
Katsuragi Ace (Japanese: カツラギエース, 24 April 1980 – 3 July 2000) was a Japanese Thoroughbred racehorse best known for winning the 1984 Japan Cup, becoming the first Japanese-trained horse to win the race. He won twice as a two-year-old and three times in the following year, but was well beaten by his contemporary Mr. C. B. in all three legs of the Japanese Triple Crown. In the first half of 1984 he won the Grade II Sankei Osaka Hai the Grade III Keihan Hai and the Grade I Takarazuka Kinen. In the autumn of 1984 he defeated Mr. C. B. in the Grade II Mainichi Okan and overcame a top-class international field to win the Japan Cup. He was retired to stud in 1985 but had little success as a breeding stallion. He died in 2000 at the age of twenty.

Keihan Hai
The Keihan Hai (Japanese 京阪杯) is a Japanese Grade 3 horse race for Thoroughbreds aged three and over, run in November over a distance of 1200 metres on turf at Kyoto Racecourse.

It was first run in 1956 and has held Grade 3 status since 1984. The race was originally run over 2000 metres and was contested over 2200 metres in 1996 before being cut to 1800 metres a year later. It was first run over its current distance in 2006.
Kekoo Gandhy
Kekoo Gandhy (2 February 1920 – 10 November 2012) was an Indian art gallerist, art collector and art connoisseur, who pioneered the promotion of Indian modern art from the 1940s. He established Chemould Frames, a frame manufacturing business in 1941, soon he started displaying works of young modern artists K. H. Ara, S. H. Raza, K. K. Hebbar and M. F. Husain in his showroom windows. This led to gradual rise of modern art movement and post-colonial art in India. Eventually Gallery Chemould, India's first commercial art gallery, was opened in 1963 on the first floor of the Jehangir Art Gallery.

He was awarded the Padma Shri by Government of India in 2008.

Modern Indian painting
The modern Indian art movement in Indian painting is considered to have begun in Calcutta in the late nineteenth century. The old traditions of painting had more or less died out in Bengal and new schools of art were started by the British. Initially, protagonists of Indian art such as Raja Ravi Varma drew on Western traditions and techniques including oil paint and easel painting. A reaction to the Western influence led to a revival in primitivism, called as the Bengal school of art, which drew from the rich cultural heritage of India. It was succeeded by the Santiniketan school, led by Rabindranath Tagore's harking back to idyllic rural folk and rural life. Despite its country-wide influence in the early years, the importance of the school declined by the 'forties' and now it is as good as dead.
Toby Talbot
Toby Talbot (née Tolpen, November 29, 1928 – September 15, 2025) was an American cinema owner, writer and translator. With her husband Dan Talbot, she co-founded the distribution company New Yorker Films and ran several Manhattan theaters including Lincoln Plaza Cinemas.

New Yorker Films
New Yorker Films was an independent film distribution company founded by Daniel Talbot in 1965. It started as an extension of his Manhattan movie house, the New Yorker Theater, founded in 1960, after a film's producer would not allow for a movie's single booking. It went out of business in 2009 and was revived the next year with its acquisition by Aladdin Distribution, though it is no longer active as of 2024.
Herbert William Weekes
Herbert William Weekes (8 May 1841 – 21 November 1914) was a well-known English genre and animal painter of the Victorian Neoclassical period who specialized in portraying animals in humorous, human-like situations.

Genre art
Genre art is the pictorial representation in any of various media of scenes or events from everyday life, such as markets, domestic settings, interiors, parties, inn scenes, work, and street scenes. Such representations (also called genre works, genre scenes, or genre views) may be realistic, imagined, or romanticized by the artist. Some variations of the term genre art specify the medium or type of visual work, as in genre painting, genre prints, genre photographs, and so on.

The following concentrates on painting, but genre motifs were also extremely popular in many forms of the decorative arts, especially from the Rococo of the early 18th century onwards. Single figures or small groups decorated a huge variety of objects such as porcelain, furniture, wallpaper, and textiles.
Herbaspirillum lusitanum
Herbaspirillum lusitanum is a nitrogen-fixing bacterium found in root nodules of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris). Phylogenetic analyses have shown this bacterium belongs to the genus Herbaspirillum. H. lusitanum lacks the nif gene. A nodD-like gene is present, but no other nod genes have been identified. The lack of nif and nod genes suggests H. lusitanum is an opportunistic bacterium capable of colonizing root nodules, but is unable to fix nitrogen.

Phaseolus vulgaris
Phaseolus vulgaris, the common bean, is a herbaceous annual plant. Its botanical classification, along with other Phaseolus species, is as a member of the legume family, Fabaceae. It forms a green-leaved vine which produces beans inside of pods.

The common bean has a long history of cultivation. All wild members of the species have a climbing habit, but many cultivars are classified either as bush beans or climbing beans, depending on their style of growth. In 2022, 28 million tonnes of dry common beans were produced worldwide, led by India with 23% of the total.

Raw dry beans contain the toxic compound phytohaemagglutinin, which can be deactivated by boiling the beans for 30 minutes. In addition to the beans, the unripe green pods are used for food. The leaf is occasionally used as a vegetable and the straw as fodder.
Greg Blanc
Greg Blanc is an American politician. He serves as a Republican member for the 35th district in the South Dakota State Senate since 2025. His district stretches from eastern Rapid City to Box Elder. He defeated Mike Walsh in the Republican primary.

Box Elder, South Dakota
Box Elder (Lakota: čhaŋšúška; "box elder maple") is a city in Pennington and Meade Counties, South Dakota, United States. The population was 11,746 at the 2020 census, and was estimated to be 13,887 in 2024, making it the ninth-most populous city in South Dakota. Ellsworth Air Force Base lies on the northeast side of the city, and it is a suburb of Rapid City.

Box Elder was named from nearby Boxelder Creek.
The Paper Scissors
The Paper Scissors were an Australian rock band who were active between 2005 and 2012. The last line-up consisted of Jai Pyne, Xavier Naughton and Ivan Lisyak.
Their sound was described as "a combination of garage-punk, rock and soul". Australian music site Polaroids of Androids described them as "undoubtedly one of Sydney's finest bands of the past decade"

FBi Radio
FBi (call sign: 2FBI) station is an independent, not-for-profit community radio in Sydney, Australia. FBi places a heavy emphasis on local emerging music: it has a policy that at least 50 per cent of its music content is to be Australian, of which at least half comes from Sydney musicians.
Funchess
Funchess is a surname of German origin, and an Americanized variant of Funccius. Notable people with the surname include:

Carlos Funchess (born 1969), American basketball player and coach

David Funchess (1947–1986), American war veteran and convicted murderer

Devin Funchess (born 1994), American football player

Tom Funchess (born 1944), American football player

Tom Funchess
Tom Funchess (born September 12, 1944) is an American former professional football offensive tackle in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Boston Patriots in the second round of the 1968 NFL/AFL draft. He played college football at Jackson State.  Funchess also played for the Houston Oilers and Miami Dolphins.
Tilomar Administrative Post
Tilomar, officially Tilomar Administrative Post (Portuguese: Posto Administrativo de Tilomar, Tetum: Postu administrativu Tilomár), is an administrative post (and was formerly a subdistrict) in Cova Lima municipality, Timor-Leste. Its seat or administrative centre is Casabauc.

The administrative post has an area of 194,64 km2 and 7,043 inhabitants (2010). Most spoken language is Tetum Terik, but there is a big Bunak minority, too. Tilomar is divided into four sucos: Beiseuc, Casabauc, Lalawa, and Maudemo.

59% of the households in Tilomar are producing corn, 58% maniok, 53% vegetables, 48% coconuts, 15% rice and 8% coffee.

Bunak language
The Bunak language (also known as Bunaq, Buna', Bunake, pronounced [bunaʔ]) is the language of the Bunak people of the mountainous region of central Timor, split between the political boundary between West Timor, Indonesia, particularly in Lamaknen District and East Timor. It is one of the few on Timor which is not an Austronesian language, but rather a Papuan language of the Timor–Alor–Pantar language family. The language is surrounded by Malayo-Polynesian languages, like Uab Meto and Tetum.

Bunak distinguishes between animate and inanimate noun classes.
Karl Bohnak
Karl Bohnak (born January 10, 1953) is an American politician and former newscaster. He is the representative for Michigan's 109th House of Representatives district, elected on November 5, 2024. Previous to his career in politics, Bohnak was a meteorologist for WLUC-TV and then WZMQ-TV in Marquette County, Michigan, plus several radio stations in the region. He is also an author, writing on local weather and history of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan.

The Mining Journal
The Mining Journal is a daily newspaper in Marquette, Michigan, serving the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. The Journal can be found in 14 of the 15 Upper Peninsula counties on weekends. The Mining Journal either maintains bureaus in many of the cities of the U.P., or shares news coverage with other Ogden-owned papers.

In August 2019, the Journal announced that they would be discontinuing the Sunday print edition and become a six-day-per-week newspaper.
El Maharra
El Maharra (or El Mehara) (Arabic: المـحرة) is a municipality in El Bayadh Province, Algeria. It is part of Chellala District and has a population of 2.138, which gives it 7 seats in the PMA. Its postal code is 32360 and its municipal code is 3219.

Algeria portal

33°18′42″N 0°21′52″E﻿ / ﻿33.31167°N 0.36444°E﻿ / 33.31167; 0.36444

People's Municipal Assembly
The People's Municipal Assembly (PMA; Arabic: المجلس الشعبي البلدي, romanized: al-Maǧlis aš-Šaʿbī al-Baladī), is the political body governing the municipalities of Algeria. It is composed of an assembly (municipal council) elected on universal suffrage for five years. This assembly further elects a president, the president of the People's Municipal Assembly, which is the Algerian equivalent of a mayor. The last votes for the PMAs and the PPAs were on November 27, 2021. The building where this assembly is located is also called People's Municipal Assembly.
George Dandy
George Dandy (December 3, 1890 – October 6, 1946) was a Negro leagues pitcher for several years before the founding of the first Negro National League.

He was a left-handed pitcher who pitched for the Chicago American Giants, West Baden Sprudels, and Lincoln Giants.

Dandy is buried in the Allegheny Cemetery in Pittsburgh.

Negro National League (1920–1931)
The first Negro National League (NNL I) was one of the several Negro leagues that were established during the period in the United States when organized baseball was segregated. The league was formed in 1920 with former player Rube Foster as its president.
Alexander Gelbukh
Alexander Gelbukh (born 1962) is a Russian professor and a member of Mexican Academy of Sciences. He has worked at the Centro de Investigación en Computación, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. His research interest is about computational linguistics. In 2000, he founded CICLing conference  to exchange of opinions between the scientists of different countries in the growing area of computational linguistics and intelligent text processing.

Mexican Academy of Sciences
The Mexican Academy of Sciences (Academia Mexicana de Ciencias) is a non-profit organization comprising over 1800 Mexican scientists, attached to various institutions in the country, as well as a number of foreign colleagues, including various Nobel Prize winners.