hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The City of Dreadful Night
The City of Dreadful Night is a long poem by the Scottish poet James "B.V." Thomson, written between 1870 and 1873, and published in the National Reformer in 1874, then, in 1880, in a book entitled The City of Dreadful Night and Other Poems. The poem is noted for the pessimistic philosophy that it expresses. It has been argued that the city described in the poem is based on London.

The poem, despite its insistently bleak tone, won the praise of George Meredith, Rudyard Kipling and of George Saintsbury, who in A History of Nineteenth-Century Literature wrote that "what saves Thomson is the perfection with which he expresses the negative and hopeless side of the sense of mystery."

National Reformer
The National Reformer was a secularist weekly publication in 19th-century Britain (1860–1893), noted for providing a longstanding "strong, radical voice" in its time, advocating atheism. Under the editorship of Charles Bradlaugh for the majority of its lifespan, each issue stated that "The editorial policy of the Paper is Republican, Atheistic, and Malthusian, but all opinions are freely admitted, provided only that they be expressed reasonably and in proper language."
Yorman Polas Bartolo
Yorman Polas Bartolo (born 8 August 1985) is a Cuban-German professional basketball player for Riesen Ludwigsburg of the Basketball Bundesliga.

He gained German citizenship in 2015, while he was playing for the Gießen 46ers in Germany.

In April 2018, Polas Bartolo was named the Best Defender of the 2017–18 BBL season. In the 2018–19 season, he won the award again. He signed with Riesen Ludwigsburg on 4 August 2020. On March 18, 2021, it was announced that Bartolo won the award for the third time.

Giessen 46ers
The GIESSEN 46ers (formerly GIESSEN 46ers) is a professional basketball club based in Gießen, Germany, that plays in the ProA. Their home arena is Sporthalle Gießen-Ost, with a capacity of 4,003 people.
Peltigera neckeri
Peltigera neckeri is a foliose lichen in the family Peltigeraceae. It is commonly called black saddle pelt. It is distinguished by its unique tubular apothecia, which resemble black saddles or painted finger nails.

Peltigeraceae
The Peltigeraceae are a family of lichens in the order Peltigerales. The Peltigeraceae, which contains 15 genera and about 600 species, has recently (2018) been emended to include the families Lobariaceae and Nephromataceae. Many Peltigeraceae species have large and conspicuous, leathery thalli. They largely occur in cool-temperate to tropical montane climates. Tripartite thalli involving fungus, green algae and cyanobacteria are common in this family.
Vincent A. Biancucci
Vincent A. Biancucci (September 24, 1940 – November 24, 2018) was a Democratic member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives for the 15th District and was elected in 2002.

He was defeated for re-election in the 2008 general election. He died in 2018.

2008 Pennsylvania House of Representatives election
The 2008 Elections for the Pennsylvania House of Representatives were held on November 4, 2008, with all districts being contested. Necessary primary elections were held on April 22, 2008. The term of office for those elected in 2008 will run from January 6, 2009 until November 2010. State Representatives are elected for two-year terms, with the entire House of Representatives up for a vote every two years.
Typical System
Typical System is the second full-length album by Australian post-punk band Total Control. Produced by band member Mikey Young, the album was released on 24 June 2014 by Iron Lung Records. It peaked at No. 5 on the ARIA Hitseekers Albums chart.

At the Music Victoria Awards of 2014, the album was nominated for Best Album.

Total Control (band)
Total Control is an Australian post-punk band that formed in Melbourne, Australia in 2008. The band's line-up includes Mikey Young (guitar, keyboards), Dan Stewart (vocals), Al Montfort (guitar), Zephyr Pavey (bass), and James Vinciguerra (drums). After a series of singles, the band's debut album, Henge Beat, was released in August 2011. Their second album, Typical System, was released in June 2014.
Fairtex
Fairtex is a Thai Muay Thai, Boxing, Mixed Martial Arts and clothing brand that was founded by Bunjong Busarakamwongs (better known as Mr. Philip Wong) in Bangkok, Thailand in 1958. Fairtex won the Best MMA gloves Award at World MMA Awards in 2008. Fairtex is the official gloves partner of ONE Championship events since 2010 to present.

Fairtex is now headed by Mr. Philip Wong's son, Prem Busarabavonwongs at the brand's headquarters located in Pattaya, also the location of the Fairtex Training Center.

ONE Championship
ONE Championship, formerly ONE Fighting Championship (ONE FC) until January 2015, is a multinational combat sports promotion founded on 14 July 2011 by Chatri Sityodtong and Victor Cui. Originally focused on mixed martial arts (MMA), ONE events have since incorporated muay thai, kickboxing, and submission grappling bouts. The promotion held its first event on 3 September 2011 at the Singapore Indoor Stadium, and has since held over 200 events across Asia. In 2022, parent company One Group Holdings, changed its legal operations from Singapore to the Cayman Islands.
Aza-Wittig reaction
The Aza-Wittig reaction or is a chemical reaction of a carbonyl group with an aza-ylide, also known as an iminophosphorane (R3P=NR').   Aza-Wittig reactions are most commonly used to convert aldehydes and ketones to the corresponding imines. The conversion has also been practiced in an intramolecular sense, which is commonly used in the synthesis of N-heterocyclic compounds.

Carbonyl group
In organic chemistry, a carbonyl group is a functional group with the formula C=O, composed of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom, and it is divalent at the C atom. It is common to several classes of organic compounds (such as aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acid), as part of many larger functional groups. A compound containing a carbonyl group is often referred to as a carbonyl compound.

The term carbonyl can also refer to carbon monoxide as a ligand in an inorganic or organometallic complex (a metal carbonyl, e.g. nickel carbonyl).

The remainder of this article concerns itself with the organic chemistry definition of carbonyl, such that carbon and oxygen share a double bond.
Eirspennill
Eirspennill, also known as AM 47 fol, is a medieval manuscript which contains copies of four sagas: Heimskringla, Sverris saga, Böglunga sögur, and Hákonar saga Hákonarsonar. The manuscript is considered to date to the early 14th century, and a marginal note within states that in the mid 14th century it belonged to Þranðr Garðarson, Archbishop of Nidaros. The manuscript is believed to have been compiled by two Icelanders.

Sverris saga
Sverris saga is one of the Kings' sagas. Its subject is King Sverre Sigurdsson of Norway (r. 1177–1202) and it is the main source for this period of Norwegian history. As the foreword tells us, the saga in its final form consists of more than one part. Work first began in 1185 under the king’s direct supervision. It is not known when it was finished, but presumably it was well known when Snorri Sturluson began writing his Heimskringla in the 1220s since Snorri ends his account where Sverris saga begins. Thus the saga is contemporary or near-contemporary with the events it describes. The saga is obviously written by someone sympathetic to Sverre’s cause, but the strict demands of the genre ensure some degree of impartiality.
Ethyl iodide
Ethyl iodide (also iodoethane) is a colorless flammable chemical compound. It has the chemical formula C2H5I and is prepared by heating ethanol with iodine and phosphorus. On contact with air, especially on the effect of light, it decomposes and turns yellow or reddish from dissolved iodine.

It may also be prepared by the reaction between hydroiodic acid and ethanol, typically by generating the hydroiodic acid in situ via an iodide salt (such as sodium iodide) and an acid (such as sulfuric acid), after which the ethyl iodide is distilled off. Ethyl iodide should be stored in the presence of copper powder to avoid rapid decomposition, though even with this method samples do not last more than 1 year.

Because iodide is a good leaving group, ethyl iodide is an excellent ethylating agent. It is also used as the hydrogen radical promoter.

Leaving group
In organic chemistry, a leaving group typically means a molecular fragment that departs with an electron pair during a reaction step with heterolytic bond cleavage.  In this usage, a leaving group is a less formal but more commonly used synonym of the term nucleofuge; although IUPAC gives the term a broader definition.

A species' ability to serve as a leaving group can affect whether a reaction is viable, as well as what mechanism the reaction takes.

Leaving group ability depends strongly on context, but often correlates with ability to stabilize additional electron density from bond heterolysis.  Common anionic leaving groups are Cl−, Br− and I− halides and sulfonate esters such as tosylate (TsO−).  Water (H2O), alcohols (R−OH), and amines (R3N) are common neutral leaving groups, although they often require activating catalysts.  Some moieties, such as hydride (H−) serve as leaving groups only extremely rarely.
Bai language
Bai (Bai: Baip‧ngvp‧zix; simplified Chinese: 白语; traditional Chinese: 白語; pinyin: Báiyǔ; lit. 'white language') is a Sino-Tibetan language spoken in China, primarily in Yunnan Province, by the Bai people. The language has over a million speakers and is divided into three or four main dialects. Bai syllables are always open, with a rich set of vowels and eight tones. The tones are divided into two groups with modal and non-modal (tense, harsh or breathy) phonation. There is a small amount of traditional literature written with Chinese characters, Bowen (僰文), as well as a number of recent publications printed with a recently standardized system of romanisation using the Latin alphabet.

The origins of Bai have been obscured by intensive Chinese influence of an extended period. Different scholars have proposed that it is an early offshoot or sister language of Chinese, part of the Loloish branch, or a separate group within the Sino-Tibetan family.

Loloish languages
The Loloish languages, also known as Yi (like the Yi people) and occasionally Ngwi or Nisoic, are a sub-branch of 50–100 Tibeto-Burman languages spoken primarily in the Yunnan province of Southwestern China. They are most closely related to Burmese and its relatives. Both the Loloish and Burmish branches are well defined, as is their superior node, Lolo-Burmese. However, sub-classification is more contentious.

The 2013 edition of Ethnologue  estimated a total number of 9 million native speakers of Loloish ("Ngwi") languages, the largest group being the speakers of Nuosu (Northern Yi) at 2 million speakers.
Michael G. Bellotti
Michael G. Bellotti (born March 21, 1963) is an American politician who is the current Norfolk County Treasurer. He is the former interim president of Quincy College, the former sheriff of Norfolk County, Massachusetts, and is a former member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives from Quincy. He is the son of Francis Bellotti, the state's former lieutenant governor and attorney general.

Bellotti is a graduate of Boston College (A.B.) and New England School of Law (J.D.)

New England Law Boston
New England Law Boston (formerly New England School of Law, and styled as New England Law | Boston) is a private law school in Boston, Massachusetts. It was founded as Portia School of Law in 1908 and is located in downtown Boston near the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court.

According to New England Law's official 2018 ABA-required disclosures, the class of 2018 had a full-time employment rate of 83.4% with 4% pursuing an additional degree. Eight U.S. Supreme Court justices have visited, lectured, or taught in the summer-abroad programs at New England Law.
Pavel Štercl
Pavel Štercl (born October 20, 1966, in Kroměříž) is a Czechoslovak-Czech slalom canoeist who competed in the 1990s partnering his twin brother Petr in the C2 boat throughout his career.

Together they won four medals in the C2 team event at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships with two golds (1993, 1995) and two silvers (1991, 1997). They also have a gold medal from the same event from the 1998 European Championships in Roudnice nad Labem.

Štercl finished sixth in the C2 event for Czechoslovakia at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona. Four years later in Atlanta, he finished sixth in the C2 event for the Czech Republic.

1993 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships
The 1993 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships were held in Mezzana, Italy under the auspices of International Canoe Federation. It was the 23rd edition. It was the first time that the Czech Republic and Slovakia competed as separate nations following the dissolution of Czechoslovakia earlier that year.
Japanese destroyer Kaba
Two warships of Japan have borne the name Kaba:

Japanese destroyer Kaba (1915), a Kaba-class destroyer launched in 1915 and struck in 1932

Japanese destroyer Kaba (1945), a Tachibana-class destroyer launched in 1945 and scrapped in 1948

Matsu-class destroyer
The Matsu-class destroyers (松型駆逐艦, Matsu-gata kuchikukan) were a class of destroyer built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) in the late stages of World War II. The class was also designated the Type-D Destroyer (丁型駆逐艦, Tei-gata kuchikukan). Although sometimes termed Destroyer escorts, they were larger and more capable than contemporary United States Navy destroyer escorts or the Imperial Japanese Navy kaibōkan vessels.
John D. Ray
John David Ray (born 22 December 1945) is a British Egyptologist and academic. He is the former Sir Herbert Thompson Professor of Egyptology at the University of Cambridge. His principal field of interest covers the Late and Hellenistic periods of Egypt, with special reference to documents in the demotic script, and he is also known for deciphering the Carian script, a writing system used by Anatolian mercenaries who fought for the late-period Egyptians.

Demotic (Egyptian)
Demotic (from Ancient Greek: δημοτικός dēmotikós, 'popular') is the ancient Egyptian script derived from northern forms of hieratic used in the Nile Delta. The term was first used by the Greek historian Herodotus to distinguish it from hieratic and hieroglyphic scripts.
Robert Charters
Christianity portal

Robert James Charters was Dean of Clonmacnoise from 1958 until 1961.

Charters was educated at Trinity College, Dublin.  He served curacies at Ballymoney, Ashted, Carlow and Oldcastle; and incumbencies in Bailieborough, Drumconrath, Kilcleagh, Dunboyne and Drogheda before his time as Dean.

Carlow
Carlow (/ˈkɑːrloʊ/ KAR-loh; Irish: Ceatharlach [ˈcahəɾˠl̪ˠəx]) is the county town of County Carlow, in the south-east of Ireland, 84 km (52 mi) from Dublin. At the 2022 census, it had a population of 27,351, the twelfth-largest urban center in Ireland.

The River Barrow flows through the town and forms the historic boundary between counties Laois and Carlow. However, the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898 included the town entirely in County Carlow. The settlement of Carlow is thousands of years old and pre-dates written Irish history. The town has played a major role in Irish history, serving as the capital of the country in the 14th century. The town is in a townland and civil parish of the same name.
Phloroisovalerophenone synthase
In enzymology, a phloroisovalerophenone synthase (EC 2.3.1.156) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

isovaleryl-CoA + 3 malonyl-CoA  4 CoASH + 3 CO2 + 3-methyl-1-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)butan-1-one

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are isovaleryl-CoA and malonyl-CoA, whereas its 3 products are CoASH, CO2, and 3-methyl-1-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)butan-1-one.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those acyltransferases transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is isovaleryl-CoA:malonyl-CoA acyltransferase. Other names in common use include valerophenone synthase, and 3-methyl-1-(trihydroxyphenyl)butan-1-one synthase.

Isovaleryl-CoA
Isovaleryl-CoA (also known as 3-methylbutyryl-CoA) is a metabolic intermediate formed during the catabolism of the branched-chain amino acid, leucine. It is a short-chain acyl-CoA thioester that plays a key role in mitochondrial energy metabolism. The compound is converted into 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA by the enzyme isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase (IVD), a flavoprotein that catalyzes the third step in the leucine degradation pathway. Deficiency of this enzyme activity results in the accumulation of isovaleryl-CoA and related metabolites, leading to a rare autosomal recessive disorder known as isovaleric acidemia, characterized by metabolic crises, developmental delays, and a distinctive odor due to isovaleric acid buildup. The metabolism of isovaleryl-CoA is vital for proper amino acid utilization and energy homeostasis in humans.
Viviana Bonilla
Viviana Patricia Bonilla Salcedo (born 3 October 1983) is an Ecuadorian lawyer and politician. She was a National Assemblywoman and First Vice President of the National Assembly of Ecuador. She was dismissed from the National Assembly in September 2020.

National Assembly (Ecuador)
The National Assembly (Spanish: Asamblea Nacional) is the unicameral legislature of Ecuador. It replaced the National Congress in 2009 following reforms under the 2008 Constitution. Within Ecuador, the National Assembly has the power to pass laws, while appointment of judges to the National Court of Justice is done by a separate Judicial Council.
Chaz Mostert
Chaz Michael Mostert (born 10 April 1992) is an Australian professional racing driver competing in the Repco Supercars Championship. He currently drives the No. 1 Toyota GR Supra for Walkinshaw TWG Racing. Mostert won the 2025 Supercars Championship and the inaugural Supercars Finals Series driving for Walkinshaw Andretti United.

Mostert was the winner of the 2021 Bathurst 1000 with Lee Holdsworth and has also previously won the 2014 Bathurst 1000 with Paul Morris and the 2010 Australian Formula Ford Championship.

2021 Bathurst 1000
The 2021 Bathurst 1000 (known as the 2021 Repco Bathurst 1000 for commercial reasons) was a motor racing event for Supercars held on the week of 30 November to 5 December 2021. It was held at the Mount Panorama Circuit in Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia and featured a single 1000 kilometre race. The event was the final race of the 2021 Supercars Championship and the first time that Genuine Parts Company served as the naming rights sponsor.
Disraeli, Quebec (city)
The city of Disraeli is located in the Municipalité régionale de comté des Appalaches in Quebec, Canada. It is part of the Chaudière-Appalaches region and the population is 2,570 as of 2009. It was named after British statesman and writer Benjamin Disraeli.

The city of Disraeli forms an enclave in the territory of the parish of Disraeli and the two are separate legal entities.

Les Appalaches Regional County Municipality
Les Appalaches (French pronunciation: [lez‿apalaʃ]) is a regional county municipality (RCM) in the Chaudière-Appalaches region in southeastern Quebec, Canada.  It was established in 1982 from parts of the historic counties of Beauce, Frontenac, Mégantic, and Wolfe. The county seat and largest city is Thetford Mines.

The name of the RCM is linked to its location in the Appalachian Mountains with Mounts Adstock, Caribou, Oak, and Saint-Adrien being the highest. Until 2008, it was known as L'Amiante Regional County Municipality, because of the importance of asbestos mining in the region (amiante is French for "asbestos").
Kei Ito
Kei Ito (伊東 慧, Itō Kei; born 20 February 1991) is a Japanese visual artist working primarily with installation art and experimental photography currently based in the United States. He is most known for his Sungazing, Afterimage Requiem, and Burning Away series.

Eskenazi Museum of Art
The  Sidney and Lois Eskenazi Museum of Art at Indiana University is an art museum at Indiana University Bloomington. It was opened in 1941 as the Indiana University Museum of Art under the direction of Henry Radford Hope.

The present museum building was designed by I.M. Pei and Partners and dedicated in 1982. The museum's collection comprises approximately 45,000 objects, with about 1,400 on display. The collection includes items ranging from ancient jewelry to paintings by Pablo Picasso and Jackson Pollock. In May 2016, after the announcement of the largest cash gift in the museum's history, the museum was renamed the Sidney and Lois Eskenazi Museum of Art in honor of Indianapolis-based philanthropists Sidney and Lois Eskenazi. The museum is located on the Indiana University Bloomington campus at 1133 E. Seventh Street.
Neds (film)
Neds (also known as Non-Educated Delinquents, stylised as NEDS) is a 2010 coming-of-age drama film directed and written by Peter Mullan. Set in Scotland, the film centres on John McGill (Conor McCarron), a teenager growing up in 1970s Glasgow. John's story follows his involvement with the city's youth culture and its impact on his development as a teenager.

The title is from the word Ned which is a derogatory term applied in Scotland to hooligans, louts or petty criminals. The film has received critical acclaim.

Coming-of-age story
In genre studies, a coming-of-age story is a genre of literature, theatre, film, and video game that focuses on the growth of a protagonist from childhood to adulthood, or "coming of age". Coming-of-age stories tend to emphasize dialogue or internal monologue over action and are often set in the past. The subjects of coming-of-age stories are typically teenagers. The Bildungsroman is a specific subgenre of coming-of-age story.

The plot points of coming-of-age stories are usually emotional changes within the character(s) in question.
St. Peter and St. Paul Cathedral, Abeokuta
The Cathedral of Saints Peter and Paul is a cathedral of the Catholic Church, located in Abeokuta, capital of Ogun State, Nigeria. It is the seat of the Diocese of Abeokuta (Dioecesis Abeokutanus).

Catholicism was introduced to Abeokuta by the Fathers of the Society of African Missions (SMA) around 1880, with the first Mass celebrated on June 29, 1880, the feast day of Saints Peter and Saint Paul. The church was elevated to cathedral status in 1997 when Pope John Paul II created the diocese with the bull Cum ad aeternam.

Society of African Missions
The Society of African Missions (Latin: Societas Missionum ad Afros; French: Société des Missions Africaines), also known as the SMA Fathers, is a Catholic religious society of apostolic life of pontifical right for men founded by Melchior de Marion Brésillac in 1856. They serve the people of Africa and those of African descent.

Members add the nominal letters S.M.A after their names to indicate their membership in the congregation. Fr. Antonio Porcellato is the superior general as of November 2022.