hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Chops Passage
The Chops Passage is a channel in Sagadahoc County, Maine and is nearby to Chops Point, West Chops Point and Sturgeon Island.  Merrymeeting Bay empties into the Kennebec River here before it heads to the Atlantic Ocean. Chop Point School and Chop Point Camp are also located on west Chops Point a Peninsula located at one side of The Chops.

The Chops Passage is close to Goose Cove and Butler Cove, and marks the border between Bath, Maine, and Woolwich, Maine.

Bath, Maine
Bath is a city in and county seat of Sagadahoc County, Maine, United States. Bath had a 2024 population of 8,870. Bath is  growing at a rate of 0.29% annually, and its population has increased by 1.21% since the most recent census, which recorded a population of 8,764 in 2020. The city is popular with tourists, many drawn by its 19th-century architecture. It is home to the Bath Iron Works and Heritage Days Festival, held annually during the Fourth of July weekend. It is commonly known as the "City of Ships" due to the number of sailing ships that were built in the Bath shipyards. Bath is part of the Portland-South Portland-Biddeford metropolitan statistical area.
Minister for Enterprise and Lifelong Learning
The Minister for Enterprise and Lifelong Learning was a cabinet position in the Scottish Executive. The position was first created in the 1999 as part of the Dewar government and continued into the McLeish cabinet. Following the election of Jack McConnell as  First Minister in 2003 transportation was added to the portfolio in his first cabinet and then subsequently removed in his second. Following the election of the SNP government under Alex Salmond the responsibility of the post was divided, with Enterprise portfolio given to the Cabinet Secretary for Finance and Sustainable Growth and lifelong learning to the Cabinet Secretary for Education and Lifelong Learning.

First McConnell government
The first McConnell government was formed by Jack McConnell on 27 November 2001 during the 1st Scottish Parliament, following Henry McLeish's resignation as First Minister of Scotland as a consequence of the Officegate scandal. The first McConnell government was a continuation of the Labour–Liberal Democrat coalition that had existed under the previous McLeish and Dewar governments. It ended on 20 May 2003 following the 2003 election to the 2nd Scottish parliament, which saw McConnell returning to office as first minister to form a second government.
Triphenylarsine
Triphenylarsine is the chemical compound with the formula As(C6H5)3. This organoarsenic compound, often abbreviated AsPh3, is a colorless crystalline solid that is used as a ligand and a reagent in coordination chemistry and organic synthesis. The molecule is pyramidal with As-C distances of 1.942–1.956 Å and C-As-C angles of 99.6–100.5°.

Organic synthesis
Organic synthesis is a branch of chemical synthesis concerned with the construction of organic compounds. Organic compounds  are molecules consisting of combinations of covalently-linked hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen atoms. Within the general subject of organic synthesis, there are many different types of synthetic routes that can be completed including total synthesis, stereoselective synthesis, automated synthesis, and many more. Additionally, in understanding organic synthesis it is necessary to be familiar with the methodology, techniques, and applications of the subject.
CpG island hypermethylation
CpG island hypermethylation is a phenomenon that is important for the regulation of gene expression in cancer cells, as an epigenetic control aberration responsible for gene inactivation. Hypermethylation of CpG islands has been described in almost every type of tumor.

Many important cellular pathways, such as DNA repair (hMLH1, for example), cell cycle (p14ARF), apoptosis (DAPK), and cell adherence (CDH1, CDH13), are inactivated by it. Hypermethylation is linked to methyl-binding proteins, DNA methyltransferases and histone deacetylase, but the degree to which this process selectively silences tumor suppressor genes remains a research area. The list for hypermethylated genes is growing.

Histone deacetylase
Histone deacetylases (EC 3.5.1.98, HDAC) are a class of enzymes that remove acetyl groups (O=C-CH3) from an ε-N-acetyl lysine amino acid on both histone and non-histone proteins. HDACs allow histones to wrap the DNA more tightly. This is important because DNA is wrapped around histones, and DNA expression is regulated by acetylation and de-acetylation. HDAC's action is opposite to that of histone acetyltransferase. HDAC proteins are now also called lysine deacetylases (KDAC), to describe their function rather than their target, which also includes non-histone proteins. In general, they suppress gene expression.
Fox, Virginia
Fox is an unincorporated community in Grayson County, Virginia, United States, located at the intersection of U.S. Route 58 (Wilson Highway) and State Route 711 (Fox Creek Road and Maple Road).

Fox has a cemetery, the Fox Union Cemetery, located on Fox Creek Road.

Grayson County, Virginia
Grayson County is a county located in the southwestern part of the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 15,333. Its county seat is Independence. Mount Rogers, the state's highest peak at 5,729 feet (1,746 m), is in Grayson County.
Werner Stauffacher
Werner Stauffacher was supposedly the name of the representative of the canton of Schwyz, one of the three founding cantons at the legendary Rütlischwur of 1291, as told by Aegidius Tschudi.

Many members of the Stauffacher family held the office of Landammann of Schwyz during the 13th and 14th century, most notably among them a certain Werner Stauffacher, leader of the Confederate troops at the Battle of Morgarten. According to legend, his wife was Gertrud Stauffacher.

In Zürich, a tram stop (Stauffacher), a street, a bridge and a quai are named for Stauffacher. In December 2003, the city renamed a square from "Stauffacherplatz" to Ernst-Nobs-Platz, as it was confused with the tram stop. In other Swiss towns, there are "Stauffacherstrasse" (Arbon, Bätterkinden, Bern, Emmenbrücke, Schaffhausen, St. Gallen), "Via Stauffacher" (Lugano), "Im Stauffacher" (Bennau) or a "Stauffacherweg" (Lucerne, Solothurn, Zuchwil).

Ernst Nobs
Ernst Nobs (14 July 1886, in Seedorf, Bern – 13 March 1957) was a Swiss politician.

Nobs was involved in the 1918 Swiss general strike. In 1919, a military court found him guilty of publishing subversive texts and sentenced him to four weeks in prison.

He was the mayor of Zürich from 1942 to 1944. He was elected to the Swiss Federal Council on 15 December 1943, as the first member of the Social Democratic Party. He handed over office on 31 December 1951.

During his time in office he was responsible for the Department of Finance and he was President of the Confederation in 1949.
Cinq-Mars Handing his Sword to Louis XIII
Cinq-Mars Handing his Sword to Louis XIII (French – Cinq-Mars rendant son épée à Louis XIII) is a c. 1836–1837 painting by Claudius Jacquand. The work was inspired by the 1826 historical novel Cinq-Mars by Alfred de Vigny. It is now held at the Royal Monastery of Brou, though it also appeared in the 2014 exhibition L'invention du passé. Histoires de cœur et d'épée en Europe, 1802–1850.

Alfred de Vigny
Alfred Victor, Comte de Vigny (French pronunciation: [alfʁɛd viktɔʁ kɔ̃t də viɲi]; 27 March 1797 – 17 September 1863) was a French poet and early French Romanticist. He also produced novels, plays, and translations of Shakespeare.
Design for verification
Design for verification (DfV) is a set of engineering guidelines to aid designers in ensuring right first time manufacturing and assembly of large-scale components. The guidelines were developed as a tool to inform and direct designers during early stage design phases to trade off estimated measurement uncertainty against tolerance, cost, assembly, measurability and product requirements.

Engineering tolerance
Engineering tolerance  is the permissible limit or limits of variation in:

a physical dimension;

a measured value or physical property of a material, manufactured object, system, or service;

other measured values (such as temperature, humidity, etc.);

in engineering and safety, a physical distance or space (tolerance), as in a truck (lorry), train or boat under a bridge as well as a train in a tunnel (see structure gauge and loading gauge);

in mechanical engineering, the space between a bolt and a nut or a hole, etc.

Dimensions, properties, or conditions may have some variation without significantly affecting functioning of systems, machines, structures, etc. A variation beyond the tolerance (for example, a temperature that is too hot or too cold) is said to be noncompliant, rejected, or exceeding the tolerance.
Friendshoring
Friendshoring, or allyshoring, is the act of manufacturing and sourcing from countries that are geopolitical allies, such as members of the same trade bloc or military alliance. Some companies and governments have pursued friendshoring as a means to continue accessing international markets and supply chains while reducing geopolitical risks. However, friendshoring can also have downsides, including more expensive manufacturing and reduced economic output.

Military alliance
A military alliance is a formal agreement between nations that specifies mutual obligations regarding national security. In the event a nation is attacked, members of the alliance are often obligated to come to their defense regardless if attacked directly. Military alliances can be classified into defense pacts, non-aggression pacts, and ententes. Alliances may be covert (as was common from 1870 to 1916) or public.

According to a 2002 dataset of military alliances, there have been 538 alliance treaties from 1815 to 2003. The vast majority of the alliances involve commitments to come to the military support of one ally involved in war. The vast majority are defensive in nature. Since the end of the Second World War, military alliances have usually behaved less aggressively and act more as a deterrent. A 2025 analysis of alliances across the 19th and 20th century found that alliances overall tend to deter war.
Middle Island, New York
Middle Island is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) within the Town of Brookhaven, in Suffolk County, on Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 10,546 at the time of the 2020 census.

The community is situated between the hamlets of Coram and Ridge to the west and east, respectively – and the hamlets of Rocky Point and Yaphank to the north and south.  The name derives from the fact that it lies approximately halfway between the eastern and western ends of Long Island (Montauk Point and the East River) as well as halfway between the northern and southern boundaries (the Long Island Sound and the Atlantic Ocean).

Long Island Sound
Long Island Sound is a marine sound and tidal estuary of the Atlantic Ocean. It lies predominantly between the U.S. state of Connecticut to the north and Long Island in New York state to the south. From west to east, the sound stretches 110 mi (180 km) from the East River and the Throgs Neck Bridge in New York City, along the North Shore of Long Island, to Block Island Sound. The sound forms part of the Intracoastal Waterway.

A mix of freshwater from tributaries, and saltwater from the Atlantic Ocean, Long Island Sound is 21 miles (34 km) at its widest point and varies in depth from 65 to 230 feet (20 to 70 m).
Ouse Bridge (M62)
The Ouse Bridge is a reinforced concrete plate girder bridge that spans River Ouse between Goole and Howden in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It carries the M62 and is situated between junctions 36 and 37. It was built between 1973 and 1976 by Costain and was designed by Scott Wilson Kirkpatrick & Partners. The bridge was officially opened to traffic on 24 May 1976 by nine-year-old Martin Brigham.

Scott Wilson Group
Scott Wilson Group plc was a global integrated design and engineering consultancy with its headquarters in the United Kingdom. Founded as a civil engineering firm in 1951, the company broadened its range of services through acquisitions. Scott Wilson offered consultancy and professional services in the railways, buildings and infrastructure, environment and natural resources and roads sectors, and at its peak employed 5,500 people in 80 offices worldwide. Scott Wilson became a public limited company in 2006, and in 2010 was purchased by URS Corporation that in turn was purchased by AECOM.
Vozrozhdeniye, Leningrad Oblast
Vozrozhdeniye (Russian: Возрождение, Finnish: Kavantsaari, Swedish: Kavantholm) is a rural locality and a railway station in Kamennogorsk, Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia. It is located by the Vyborg–Joensuu railroad 23 kilometres north of Vyborg. The railway station was opened in 1892. It was known by the Finnish name Kavantsaari until 1948.

Viipuri–Joensuu railroad
The old Karelian railroad (Finnish: Karjalan rata) between Viipuri and Joensuu was a 1,524 mm (5 ft) broad gauge line that used to link Joensuu, Sortavala, Hiitola, Antrea and Viipuri. Originally built in 1892-1894 by Finnish State Railways in the Grand Duchy of Finland, in the 1940s most of the railway up to Niirala was ceded by Finland to the Soviet Union in the Moscow Peace Treaty, Moscow Armistice and Paris Peace Treaty as a result of the Winter War and Continuation War. Now the track is located in Leningrad Oblast (Karelian Isthmus), Republic of Karelia and North Karelia. The Sortavala–Joensuu link across the border was abolished after the Continuation War, but was since restored and is currently in use for cargo traffic.
Akhtar Mohiuddin (writer)
Akhtar Mohiuddin (born Ghulam Mohiuddin Wani; 17 April 1928 – 2001), was a Kashmiri novelist, playwright and short story writer, who made significant contribution to the development of modern Kashmiri literature.

Kashmiri language
Kashmiri (English: /kæʃˈmɪəri/ kash-MEER-ee), also known by its endonym Koshur (Kashmiri: کٲشُر (Perso-Arabic, Official Script), pronounced [kəːʃur]), is an Indo-Aryan language of the Dardic branch spoken by around 7 million Kashmiris of the Kashmir region, primarily in the Kashmir Valley and surrounding hills of the Indian-administrated union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, over half the population of that territory. Kashmiri has split ergativity and the unusual verb-second word order.

Since 2020, it has been made an official language of Jammu and Kashmir along with Dogri, Hindi, Urdu and English. Kashmiri is also among the 22 scheduled languages of India.

Kashmiri is spoken by roughly five percent of Pakistani-administrated Azad Kashmir's population.
2018 San Benedetto Tennis Cup – Doubles
Carlos Taberner and Pol Toledo Bagué were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Julian Ocleppo and Andrea Vavassori won the title after defeating Sergio Galdós and Federico Zeballos 6–3, 6–2 in the final.

Pol Toledo Bagué
Pol Toledo Bagué (born 22 December 1994) is a Spanish former tennis player.

Toledo Bagué has a career high ATP singles ranking of World No. 372 achieved on 6 August 2018. He also has a career high doubles ranking of World No. 204, which he achieved on 13 November 2017.

Toledo Bagué has reached 18 career singles finals with a record of 5 wins and 13 losses all coming on the ITF Futures tour. Additionally, he has reached 40 career doubles finals with a record of 24 wins and 16 losses, which includes 1 ATP Challenger doubles title at the 2017 San Benedetto Tennis Cup.
2025 Toledo, Ohio mayoral election
The 2025 Toledo mayoral election was held on Tuesday, November 4, 2025 to elect the mayor of Toledo, Ohio. The non-partisan primary election was held on May 6, 2025. Incumbent mayor Wade Kapszukiewicz won a third term.

Lucas County, Ohio
Lucas County is a county located in the northwestern part of the U.S. state of Ohio. It is bordered to the east by Lake Erie, and to the southeast by the Maumee River, which runs to the lake. As of the 2020 census, the population was 431,279. Its county seat and largest city is Toledo, located at the mouth of the Maumee River on the lake. The county was named for Robert Lucas, 12th governor of Ohio, in 1835 during his second term. Its establishment provoked the Toledo War conflict with the Michigan Territory, which claimed some of its area. Lucas County is the central county of the Toledo Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada
The Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada (JRASC, French: Journal de la Société royale d'astronomie du Canada) is a trade magazine and scientific journal, distributed bimonthly to members of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada. It primarily contains news reports, information about society activities, popular science articles about astronomy, and advice for amateur astronomers. A small fraction of its articles are peer-reviewed research papers.

JRASC was founded in 1907, with Clarence Chant as editor. It was preceded by the Transactions of the Astronomical and Physical Society of Toronto (1890–1901), the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada Selected Papers and Proceedings (1902–1903), and the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada Transactions (1904–1905).

The Astrophysics Data System contains issues older than one year back to the journal's foundation.

Popular science
Popular science (also called pop-science or popsci) is an interpretation of science intended for a general audience. It is presented in many forms, including books, film and television documentaries, magazine articles, and web pages.

It may be written by scientists themselves or by professional journalists. While science journalism focuses on recent scientific developments, popular science is more broad ranging.
Demons of the Punjab
"Demons of the Punjab" is the sixth episode of the eleventh series of the British science fiction television programme Doctor Who. It was written by Vinay Patel, directed by Jamie Childs, and first broadcast on BBC One on 11 November 2018.

In the episode, Yasmin Khan asks the Thirteenth Doctor to take her to see her grandmother during her youth. Along with the other companions Graham O'Brien and Ryan Sinclair, they get caught up in the events preceding the partition of India; meanwhile, the Doctor also investigates if aliens are involved in the death of a man killed during their visit. The episode was watched by 7.48 million viewers in the UK during the week following its release, and was met with positive reviews from critics.

British television science fiction
British television science fiction refers to programmes in the genre that have been produced by both the BBC and Britain's largest commercial channel, ITV. BBC's Doctor Who is listed in the Guinness Book of World Records as the longest-running science fiction television show in the world, and has been called the "most successful" science fiction series of all time.
Based on a True Story (Kimberley Locke album)
Based on a True Story is the second studio album by American Idol finalist Kimberley Locke. The album was released on May 1, 2007, by Curb Records. Locke chose this title because the songs on the album, eight of which were co-written by her, tell the story of the emotions she dealt with during and after her relationship with her ex-fiancé. She found that when she sat and talked with her collaborators about the issues she was working through, the songs began to write themselves.

Curb Records
Curb Records (also known as Asylum-Curb and formerly known as MCG Curb) is an American record label started by Mike Curb, originally as Sidewalk Records in 1963. From 1969 to 1973, Curb merged with MGM Records where Curb served as President of MGM and Verve Records.
1973 Fenland District Council election
The 1973 Fenland District Council election took place on 7 June 1973 to elect members for Fenland District Council in the Isle of Ely, Cambridgeshire, England. The Conservative Party became the largest bloc on the new council, with half the seats.

Fenland District
Fenland is a local government district in Cambridgeshire, England. It was historically part of the Isle of Ely. The district covers around 500 square kilometres (190 sq mi) of mostly agricultural land in the extremely flat Fens. The council is based in Fenland Hall, in March. Other towns include Chatteris, Whittlesey and Wisbech, the largest of the four.

Since 2017 the district has been a constituent member of the Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Combined Authority, led by the directly-elected Mayor of Cambridgeshire and Peterborough.

The neighbouring districts are East Cambridgeshire, Huntingdonshire, Peterborough, South Holland and King's Lynn and West Norfolk.
Rosslyn, Edmonton
Rosslyn is a residential neighbourhood in north west Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.  The neighbourhood has good access to shopping services at Northgate Centre and North Town Mall.

The neighbourhood is bounded on the north by 137 Avenue, on the east by 97 Street, on the south by 132 Avenue and on the west by 113 A Street.  Travel south along 97 Street provides direct access to the downtown core and to the Northern Alberta Institute of Technology.  Travel north along 97 Street provides access to CFB Edmonton.

The community is represented by the Rosslyn Community League, established in 1961, which maintains a community hall and outdoor rink located at 110 Street and 134 Avenue.

North Town Centre
North Town Centre is a shopping centre located in the northern part of Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.  Major tenants include Indigo Books and Music, London Drugs, Marshalls, Dollarama, PetSmart, and T&T Supermarket.
Harry Arundel
Harry Arundel (February 8, 1855 – March 25, 1904) was an American Major League Baseball player who pitched for three seasons. He played for the 1875 Brooklyn Atlantics, the 1882 Pittsburgh Alleghenys, and the 1884 Providence Grays. He also played minor league baseball with the Akrons of Ohio in 1881. Arundel was born in Philadelphia in February 1855, and died at the age of 49 of Bright's disease. He is interred at Woodland Cemetery in Cleveland, Ohio.

Providence Grays
The Providence Grays were a Major League Baseball team based in Providence, Rhode Island who played in the National League from 1878 until 1885. The Grays played at the Messer Street Grounds in the Olneyville neighborhood. The team won the National League title twice, in 1879 and 1884.  Following the 1884 season, they won the World Series over the New York Metropolitans of the American Association.  The team folded after the 1885 season.