hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
No Mercy (1986 film)
No Mercy is a 1986 American neo-noir action thriller film starring Richard Gere and Kim Basinger about a policeman who accepts an offer to kill a Cajun gangster. The film grossed over $12 million domestically.

Gangster
A gangster (informally gangsta) is a criminal who is a member of a gang. Most gangs are considered to be part of organized crime. Gangsters are also called mobsters, a term derived from mob and the suffix -ster. Gangs provide a level of organization and resources that support much larger and more complex criminal transactions than an individual criminal could achieve. Gangsters have been active for many years in countries around the world. Gangsters are the subject of many novels, films, television series, and video games.
Grace Thorpe
Grace Frances Thorpe (December 10, 1921 – April 1, 2008) was an American environmentalist and Native rights activist. She served with the Women's Army Corps and received a Bronze Star Medal for her service as a Corporal in the New Guinea campaign. She attended the University of Tennessee at Knoxville and the Antioch School of Law, and went on to become a tribal district court judge. In 1999, she received a Nuclear-Free Future Award for her opposition to storing toxic and radioactive waste on indigenous land.

Her father was well-known American football player and Olympic athlete Jim Thorpe. The Grace F. Thorpe Collection is held by the National Museum of the American Indian Archives Center.

Sac and Fox Nation
The Sac and Fox Nation (Sauk language: Thâkîwaki) is the largest of three federally recognized tribes of Sauk and Meskwaki (Fox) Indian peoples. They are based in central Oklahoma.

Originally from the Lake Huron and Lake Michigan area, they were forcibly relocated to Oklahoma in the 1870s and are predominantly Sauk. The Sac and Fox Oklahoma Tribal Statistical Area (OTSA) is the land base in Oklahoma governed by the tribe.

The two other Sac and Fox tribes are the Sac and Fox Tribe of the Mississippi in Iowa and the Sac and Fox Nation of Missouri in Kansas and Nebraska. The Sac and Fox tribes have historically been closely allied, and continue to be in the present day. They speak very similar Algonquian languages, which are sometimes considered to be two dialects of the same language, rather than separate languages.
Vasily Gorbachyov
Vasily Gorbachyov, also transcripted as Vasily Gorbachov and Vasili Gorbatchev, (Belarusian: Васіль Фёдаравіч Горбачёу, romanized: Vasil’ Fyodaravich Gorbachyou, Russian: Василий Фёдорович Горбачёв, romanized: Vasily Fyodorovich Gorbachev; born 9 February 1965 in Vitebsk) is a former Belarusian cross-country skier. He competed in the men's 30 kilometre freestyle event at the 1994 Winter Olympics.

Vitebsk
Vitebsk or Vitsyebsk is a city in north-eastern Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Vitebsk Region and Vitebsk District, though it is administratively separated from the district. As of 2025, it has 358,927 inhabitants, making it the country's fourth-largest city. It is served by Vitebsk Vostochny Airport and Vitebsk Air Base.
Seaman Dan
Henry Gibson Dan AM (25 August 1929 – 30 December 2020), known as Seaman Dan, was a Torres Strait Islander singer-songwriter and musician with a national and international reputation. After years of performing gigs, he released his first recording, an album called Follow the Sun, in 2000, on his 70th birthday.

Creative Australia
Creative Australia, formerly known as the Australia Council for the Arts and the Australia Council, is the country's official arts council, serving as an arts funding and advisory body for the Government of Australia.

The council was announced in 1967 as the Australian Council for the Arts, with the first members appointed the following year. It was made a statutory corporation by the passage of the Australia Council Act 1975. It became the Australia Council in 2013, and then Creative Australia, with a new organisational structure, from 24 August 2023.

The organisation has included several boards within its structure over the years, including more than one incarnation of a Visual Arts Board (VAB), in the 1970s–80s and in the early 2000s.
Hugh de Lowther V
Hugh de Lowther V (c. 1390 - c. 1440s) of Lowther, was an English nobleman, knight and administrator. He served alongside Henry V at the Battle of Agincourt during the Hundred Years' War (1337–1453) He later served as Sheriff of Cumberland in 1440. His ancestor, Hugh de Lowther, was attorney general for Edward I.

Sheriff of Cumberland
The sheriff is the oldest secular office under the Crown.  Formerly the sheriff was the principal law enforcement officer in the county but over the centuries most of the responsibilities associated with the post have been transferred elsewhere or are now defunct so that its functions are now largely ceremonial.  The sheriff changes every April.

The post of Sheriff of Cumberland existed from the creation of the county in the twelfth century up until 1974 when the administrative and ceremonial or geographic county of Cumberland became part of Cumbria.
AGS van Suid-Afrika v Capes
Apostoliese Geloofsending van Suid-Afrika (Maitland Gemeente) v Capes is an important case in South African property law, especially in respect of the application of estoppel, in its limitation of the rei vindicatio, to immovable property. It was heard in the Cape Provincial Division by Friedman R from 1 November 1977, to 10 February 1978, with judgment handed down on 12 May.

The case involved a boundary dispute. Apostoliese Geloofsending van Suid-Afrika (AGS), the owner of two lots, had built a wall between them, but not exactly on the boundary. It later sold one lot to "J," who in turn transferred it to Capes, the defendant. AGS then sought an order to demolish the wall, so as to make use of all the property, but Capes opposed the action, claiming estoppel. The court allowed the plea of estoppel to succeed, holding that it may be applied to claims involving immovable property.

Estoppel
Estoppel is a judicial device whereby a court may prevent or "estop" a person from making assertions or from going back on their word. The person barred from doing so is said to be "estopped". Estoppel may prevent someone from bringing a particular claim. In common law legal systems, the legal doctrine of estoppel is based in both common law and equity. 
Estoppel is also a concept in international law.
Biographical Dictionary of the Common Law
Biographical Dictionary of the Common Law is a biographical dictionary concerned with legal biography, edited by A. W. B. Simpson and published in 1984 by Butterworths. Hines called it "valuable". Holborn described it as a "handy starting point". Tearle said it is "the best source to consult first". Clinch called it "invaluable".

Legal biography
Legal biography is the biography of persons relevant to law. In a preface dated October 1983, A. W. B. Simpson wrote that it was "a rather neglected field". Since then there has been a "resurgence of interest".
Ed Clark
Edward Emerson Clark (May 4, 1930 – June 18, 2025) was an American lawyer and politician who ran for governor of California in 1978, and for president of the United States as the nominee of the Libertarian Party in the 1980 presidential election.

Governor of California
The governor of California is the head of government of the U.S. state of California. The governor is the commander-in-chief of the California National Guard and the California State Guard.

Established in the Constitution of California, the governor's responsibilities also include submitting the budget, ensuring that state laws are enforced, and making the annual State of the State address to the California State Legislature. The position was created in 1849, the year before California became a state.

The governor is now limited to two terms, regardless of whether they are consecutive. The current governor of California is Democrat Gavin Newsom, who was inaugurated on January 7, 2019. Jerry Brown was the longest serving governor in Californian history, serving from 1975 until 1983, and again from 2011 until 2019.
Geikie Nunatak
Geikie Nunatak (80°24′S 25°52′W﻿ / ﻿80.400°S 25.867°W﻿ / -80.400; -25.867) is a nunatak 3 nautical miles (6 km) west of Mount Absalom in the southwestern end of the Herbert Mountains of the Shackleton Range, Antarctica. It was photographed from the air by the U.S. Navy in 1967, and surveyed by the British Antarctic Survey, 1968–71. In association with the names of glacial geologists grouped in this area, it was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1971 after James Geikie, Professor of Geology at the University of Edinburgh from 1882, who was one of the first to recognize that multiple glaciations occurred during the Pleistocene period.

Nunatak
A nunatak (from Inuit nunataq) is the summit or ridge of a mountain that protrudes from an ice field or glacier that otherwise covers most of the mountain or ridge. They often form natural pyramidal peaks. Isolated nunataks are also called glacial islands, and smaller nunataks rounded by glacial action may be referred to as rognons.

The word is of Greenlandic origin and has been used in English since the 1870s.
Erica insolitanthera
Erica insolitanthera is a plant belonging to the genus Erica and is part of the fynbos. The species is endemic to the Western Cape and occurs in the Riviersonderend Mountains. The habitat is threatened by invasive plants.

Riviersonderend Mountains
The Riviersonderend Mountains are a mountain range in the Cape Fold Belt of the Western Cape province of South Africa. They run east to west from Riviersonderend to Villiersdorp, separating the Breede River Valley from the Overberg region. They are composed of Table Mountain Sandstone and attain a maximum height near McGregor and Riviersonderend as Pilaarkop (Afrikaans: Pillar Head (1654m)). The ranges are rich in fynbos flora and experience a typical Mediterranean climate.

The name stems from the Sonderend River, and was originally a literal translation of the Khoi-khoi name "Kannakamkanna" ("river without end") into Afrikaans.
Primer-E Primer
Plymouth Routines In Multivariate Ecological Research (PRIMER) is a statistical package that is a collection of specialist univariate, multivariate, and graphical routines for analyzing species sampling data for community ecology. Types of data analyzed are typically species abundance, biomass, presence/absence, and percent area cover, among others. It is primarily used in the scientific community for ecological and environmental studies.

Multivariate routines include:

grouping (CLUSTER)

sorting (MDS)

principal component identification (PCA)

hypothesis testing (ANOSIM)

sample discrimination (SIMPER)

trend correlation (BEST)

comparisons (RELATE)

diversity, dominance, and distribution calculating

Permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA)

Routines can be resource intensive due to their non-parametric and permutation-based nature.  Programmed in the VB.Net environment.

Statistical hypothesis test
A statistical hypothesis test is a method of statistical inference used to decide whether the data provide sufficient evidence to reject a particular hypothesis. A statistical hypothesis test typically involves a calculation of a test statistic. Then a decision is made, either by comparing the test statistic to a critical value or equivalently by evaluating a p-value computed from the test statistic. Roughly 100 specialized statistical tests are in use and noteworthy.
Silver Creek (Marion County, Oregon)
Silver Creek is a stream, about 16 miles (26 km) long, in Marion County, Oregon, United States. It is a tributary of the Pudding River and originates in Silver Falls State Park in the Cascade foothills above the cities Silverton and Stayton.

Stayton, Oregon
Stayton is a city in Marion County, Oregon, United States, located 16 miles (26 km) southeast of the state capital, Salem, on Oregon Route 22. It is south of Sublimity and southeast of Aumsville. Located on the North Santiam River, Stayton is a regional agricultural and light manufacturing center. The population was 8,244 at the 2020 census. Established in 1872, it was incorporated in 1891. Stayton is part of the Salem Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Elaine O'Brien
Elaine Catherine Corrigan O'Brien Donnelly (August 1, 1955 – February 21, 2014) was an American flight instructor and politician.

Born in Medford, Massachusetts, O'Brien received her bachelor's degree from Pennsylvania State University and her masters from Westfield State University, She had multiple careers, including in aviation as a pilot and flight instructor, and in state and local government. She served on the local board of education and as town clerk. She then served in the Connecticut House of Representatives, from Suffield, Connecticut, as a Democrat from 2010 until her death in 2014.

She died in West Hartford, Connecticut from glioblastoma at age 58.

Westfield State University
Westfield State University (commonly known as Westfield State) is a public university in Westfield, Massachusetts, United States. It was founded in 1839 by Horace Mann as the first public coeducational college in America.
Public Architecture
Public Architecture is a national 501(c)(3) charitable organization based in San Francisco, CA. The organization mobilizes designers to transform communities by putting design in the service of the public good  The organization is the leading advocate and facilitator of pro bono practice in the design field through The 1%  program. Public Architecture also takes on its own projects that expand the social relevance of design, including a prototypical station for day laborers, open space strategies, and advocacy around the issue of material reuse. The organization has partnered with and worked for a number of renowned nonprofits, including KIPP Schools, International Planned Parenthood, United Way and Habitat for Humanity. The organization's work has been featured in the New York Times, the Boston Globe, the Huffington Post, GOOD, Dwell, Architect, Metropolis, and many others. Public Architecture was founded in 2002 by architect John Peterson of Peterson Architects.

United Way
United Way is an international network of over 1,800 local nonprofit fundraising affiliates. Prior to 2015, United Way was the largest nonprofit organization in the United States by donations from the public. Individual United Ways mobilize a single fundraising campaign to raise money for various nonprofits, with most donations coming through payroll deductions.
Torigni-sur-Vire
Torigni-sur-Vire (French pronunciation: [tɔʁiɲi syʁ viʁ], "Torigni-on-Vire"), also known as Torigny, is a former commune in the Manche department, Normandy, northwestern France. It was reformed in 2016 to create Torigny-les-Villes and houses that commune's seat of government. The town is home to the Château des Matignon.

Manche
Manche (/mɒ̃ʃ/; French: [mɑ̃ʃ] ⓘ; Norman: Maunche) is a coastal French department in Normandy on the English Channel, which is known as La Manche, literally "the sleeve", in French. Manche is bordered by Ille-et-Vilaine and Mayenne to the south, Orne and Calvados to the east, the English Channel to the west and north and by sharing maritime borders with the Crown Dependencies of Bailiwick of Jersey and Bailiwick of Guernsey of the United Kingdom to the west. It had a population of 495,045 in 2019.
1st Airmobile Brigade (Bundeswehr)
The 1st Airmobile Brigade (German: Luftbewegliche Brigade 1) was a brigade in the German Army with its headquarters at the Fritzlar Air Base in North Hesse, It was part of the Airmobile Operations Division (Germany). The various elements of the brigade were located in the federal states of  Lower Saxony, Hesse and Bavaria. Parts of the brigade were classed as intervention forces.

North Hesse
North Hesse (German: Nordhessen, pronounced [ˈnɔʁtˌhɛsn̩]) describes the northern part and historical heart of the German federated state of Hesse. The region is – unlike the name Lower Hesse – not a historical territory and also has no established, standard and official administrative function. However, the name is common and widely used today, not least to contrast it with its counterpart, South Hesse. Over one million people live in North Hesse and its largest city is the former capital of the Electorate of Hesse, Kassel.
Hiram, Missouri
Hiram is an unincorporated community in eastern Wayne County, Missouri, United States. It is located on Missouri Route C, between Clubb to the northwest and Lowndes to the southeast, approximately twenty miles southwest of Marble Hill. The community is located on McCabe Creek, just north of that steam's confluence with Bear Creek.

Missouri supplemental route
A supplemental route is a state secondary road in the U.S. state of Missouri, designated with letters. Supplemental routes were various roads within the state which the Missouri Department of Transportation was given in 1952 to maintain in addition to the regular routes, though lettered routes had been in use from at least 1932. The four types of roads designated as Routes are:

Farm to market roads

Roads to state parks

Former alignments of U.S. or state highways

Short routes connecting state highways from other states to routes in Missouri

Supplemental routes make up 19,064 miles (30,681 km) (59%) of the state highway system.
Uncle (South Korean TV series)
Uncle (Korean: 엉클) is a South Korean television series starring Oh Jung-se, Jeon Hye-jin, Lee Kyung-hoon, Park Sun-young, Lee Sang-woo and Lee Si-won. Based on the British sitcom of the same name, it is about an uncle who struggles to protect his nephew amid blatant discrimination. It aired on TV Chosun from December 11, 2021 to January 30, 2022.

Uncle (British TV series)
Uncle is a British sitcom written and directed by Oliver Refson and Lilah Vandenburgh. Originally broadcast between 2014 and 2017, it stars Nick Helm, Daisy Haggard, Elliot Speller-Gillott and Sydney Rae White, and features original songs by Helm.

A pilot episode was first broadcast on Channel 4 in December 2012, before the show was commissioned by BBC Three. The first episode from the series, a remake of the pilot, aired on 13 January 2014. The show was renewed for a second series, and it premiered on BBC Three on 10 February 2015. In December 2015, Helm announced on social media that the programme would return for a third and final series. It premiered on 1 January 2017 on BBC Three on the BBC iPlayer app, and was later broadcast on BBC One on 6 January 2017.
Trịnh Tráng
Trịnh Tráng (chữ Hán: 鄭梉, 6 August 1577 – 28 May 1657), posthumous name: Nghị Vương (誼王), temple name: Văn Tổ (文祖) was the second lord of Trịnh ruling Dang Ngoai (known to the Europeans as Tokin) in northern Vietnam from 1623 to 1657. Being one of the famous Trịnh lords, he started the Trịnh–Nguyễn War in 1627 and launched several major offensives which failed to crush the Nguyễn lords.

Chữ Hán
Chữ Hán (Vietnamese: 𡨸漢 [t͡ɕɯ˦ˀ˥ haːn˧˦] ⓘ, lit. 'Han characters') are the Chinese characters that were used to write Literary Chinese (Hán văn; 漢文) and Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary in Vietnamese. They were officially used in Vietnam after the Red River Delta region was annexed into the Han dynasty and continued to be used until the early 20th century.
Vera Security
Vera is an enterprise data security and information rights management platform that provides encryption and tracks and controls digital information shared across users, devices, applications, and platforms. It offers developers access to its IRM-as-a-service (IRMaaS) platform via a REST API and downloadable software development kit.

Information rights management
Information rights management (IRM) is a subset of digital rights management (DRM), technologies that protect sensitive information from unauthorized access. It is sometimes referred to as E-DRM or Enterprise Digital Rights Management.  This can cause confusion, because digital rights management (DRM) technologies are typically associated with business-to-consumer systems designed to protect rich media such as music and video.  IRM is a technology which allows for information (mostly in the form of documents) to be ‘remote controlled’.

This means that information and its control can now be separately created, viewed, edited and distributed. A true IRM system is typically used to protect information in a business-to-business model, such as financial data, intellectual property and executive communications. IRM currently applies mainly to documents and emails.
Mary Moore (voice actor)
In the United States of America, Mary Moore was the first national voice of the Bell System's standardized speaking clock and also provided the voice behind many telephone company recordings on equipment manufactured by Audichron.

Moore's voice was often recognized for the distinctive two-syllable pronunciations of 9 ("NY-un") and 5 ("FY-vuh"). This was a requirement of telephone operators at the time, because "nine" and "five" can sound very similar on a poor-quality line.

Prior to Moore's recordings and Audichron equipment, an operator stationed in a booth would await the glow of a signal lamp, indicating that a subscriber had dialed the service; she (or, sometimes, he) would then announce the time at 10-second intervals until the lamp was extinguished. Callers reaching a disconnected number would be informed by the operator personally.  Moore had one of these reading jobs herself before she was formally recorded.

Speaking clock
A speaking clock or talking clock is a live or recorded human voice service, usually accessed by telephone, that gives the correct time. The first telephone speaking clock service was introduced in France, in association with the Paris Observatory, on 14 February 1933.

The format of the service is similar to that of radio time signal services. At set intervals (e.g. ten seconds) a voice announces (for example) "At the third stroke, the time will be twelve forty-six and ten seconds……", with three beeps following. Some countries have sponsored time announcements and include the sponsor's name in the message.
Huitzuco
Huitzuco (the municipal seat of Huitzuco de los Figueroa) is located in the Mexican state of Guerrero. It was founded in the early 19th century. Different versions exist on the meaning of the word Huitzuco: Dr. Gutierre Tibón affirms that it comes from the Nahuatl huitzilizo (thorns), and the locative co, and so means as “Place of Thorns”, because their lands were covered with huisache.

Gutierre Tibón
Gutierre Tibón (16 July 1905 – 15 May 1999) was an Italian-Mexican writer. He wrote widely on issues of cultural identity, mixing ideas from anthropology, linguistics, psychology, philosophy, ethnology, sociology, and political science.
Mehrangiz Morovvati
Mehrangiz Morovvati (Persian: ‌‌مهرانگیز مروتی; born 1962) is an Iranian politician.

Morovvati was born in Khalkhal, Ardabil Province. He is a member of the 2000 and 2004 Islamic Consultative Assembly from the electorate of Khalkhal and Kowsar.

2000 Iranian legislative election
Parliamentary elections were held in Iran on 18 February 2000, with a second round on 5 May. The result was a solid victory for 2nd of Khordad Front and its allies, the reformist supporters of President Mohammad Khatami.
Markogiannakis
Markogiannakis is a Greek surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexandros Markogiannakis (fl. 2023), Greek politician

Christos Markogiannakis (born 1980), Greek novelist and criminartist

Christos Markogiannakis
Christos Markogiannakis (Greek: Χρήστος Μαρκογιαννάκης) (born 28 January 1980) is a Greek novelist and criminartist, based in Paris, France. His work includes crime fiction and non-fiction. His books are published in Greek, French, English, Italian and German. He is a member of the Crime Writers’ Association.  In 2025, he was named Chevalier de l' Ordre des Arts et des Lettres (Knight of the Order of Arts and Letters) by the French Ministry of Culture.