hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Frederik Marcus Knuth (politician)
Frederik Marcus Knuth, 5th Count of Knuthenborg S.K. (11 January 1813 – 8 January 1856) was a Danish aristocrat, landowner, civil servant and politician.

A member of the Knuth family, he was educated at home and later at the University of Copenhagen. From 1847 to 1848 he served as amtmand in Sorø Amt. After the introduction of the constitutional monarchy in 1848, Knuth served as the first Minister of Foreign Affairs of Denmark from March to November 1848. From November 1848, he was member of The Danish Constituent Assembly (Danish: Den Grundlovgivende Rigsforsamling) as one of the members appointed by the king.

With the title of enfeoffed count (Danish: lensgreve), he was the fifth holder of the County of Knuthenborg on the island of Lolland from 1818 to 1856.

Lolland
Lolland (Danish: [ˈlʌˌlænˀ] ⓘ; formerly spelled Laaland, literally "low land") is the fourth largest island of Denmark, with an area of 1,243 km2 (480 sq mi). Located in the Kattegat, Belts and Sund area, it is part of Region Sjælland (Region Zealand). As of 1 January 2022, it has 57,618 inhabitants. Lolland is closely connected to the island of Falster to its east. The locality of Sundby forms a cross-island urban area with Nykøbing Falster, the largest conurbation partially on Lolland. The most populated settlement on Lolland proper is Nakskov.
Bayuda volcanic field
Bayuda volcanic field (also spelled Bayiuda) is a volcanic field in Sudan, within the Bayuda Desert. It covers a surface of about 11 by 48 kilometres (6.8 mi × 29.8 mi) and consists of a number of cinder cones as well as some maars and explosion craters. These vents have erupted 'a'ā lava flows.

The field rises above a Precambrian-Paleozoic basement that may be a domal uplift. There is little known about the occurrence of volcanic eruptions, but the last eruption has been dated to 1,102 ± 48 years before present.

Tephra
Tephra is fragmental material produced by a volcanic eruption regardless of composition, fragment size, or emplacement mechanism.

Volcanologists also refer to airborne fragments as pyroclasts. Once clasts have fallen to the ground, they remain as tephra unless hot enough to fuse into pyroclastic rock or tuff. When a volcano explodes, it releases a variety of tephra including ash, cinders, and blocks. These layers settle on the land and, over time, sedimentation occurs incorporating these tephra layers into the geologic record.

Tephrochronology is a geochronological technique that uses discrete layers of tephra—volcanic ash from a single eruption—to create a chronological framework in which paleoenvironmental or archaeological records can be placed. Often, when a volcano explodes, biological organisms are killed and their remains are buried within the tephra layer. These fossils are later dated by scientists to determine the age of the fossil and its place within the geologic record.
Martha McBride Knight
Martha McBride Knight Smith Kimball (March 17, 1805 – November 20, 1901) was a founding member of the Relief Society of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, which was organized on her birthday in 1842. She was married to early Latter Day Saint leader Vinson Knight, by whom she had seven children. In 1842 she was sealed as a plural wife to Joseph Smith. In January 1846, she was married polygamously to Heber C. Kimball, by whom she had one child, a son, who was born at Winter Quarters and died there as an infant. She later emigrated to Utah Territory, where she resided in various locations across the territory until her death at age 96. She was a witness to, and in some instances a key participant in, some of the pivotal events in early Latter Day Saint history.

Ward (LDS Church)
A ward is a local congregation in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), with a smaller local congregation known as a branch.

A ward is presided over by a bishop, the equivalent of a pastor in many other Christian denominations. As with all local LDS Church leadership, the bishop is considered lay clergy and as such is not paid. Two counselors serve with the bishop to help with administrative and spiritual duties of the ward and to preside in the absence of the bishop. Together, these three men (never women) constitute the bishopric. A branch is presided over by a branch president who may also have one or two counselors, depending on the size of the branch. Groups of wards are organized into stakes, while groups of branches are generally organized into districts.
Jan Kowalski (placeholder name)
In Polish culture, Jan Kowalski is a placeholder name for an average Polish person, the usage being similar to "John Smith" or "John Doe" in some English speaking cultures.

The surname Kowalski/Kowalska is the second  most common surname in Poland (140,471 people in 2009), with the leader being Nowak (207,348 in 2009).

The name is close to John Smith, both in translation and in the metonymic meaning of averageness, although a more literal translation would be "John Smithson", as -ski is a patronymic suffix in Polish-language surnames. Analogous names in other languages include Jean Lefèvre, Giovanni Ferrari, Ivan Kuznetsov, Sean McGowan, Hans Schmidt, Kovács János, etc.

Lists of most common surnames in European countries
This article contains lists of the most common surnames in most of the countries of Europe, including Armenia, Kosovo, and five transcontinental countries but excluding five European microstates. Countries are arranged in alphabetical order.
Mart-e Haq Ali
Mart-e Haq Ali (Persian: مرتع حق علي, also Romanized as Mart-e Ḩaq ‘Alī; also known as Ḩaq ‘Alī and Ḩaqq ‘Alī) is a village in Kharqan Rural District, Bastam District, Shahrud County, Semnan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 32, in 8 families.

Semnan province
Semnan province (Persian: استان سمنان) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. It is in the north of the country. Its capital is the city of Semnan.

The province of Semnan covers an area of 96,816 square kilometers and stretches along the Alborz mountain range, bordering on Kavir desert in its southern parts. The province was made part of Region 1 on 22 June 2014, as the provinces were grouped into 5 regions for coordination and development purposes.
Therapeutic Goods Act 1989
The Therapeutic Goods Act 1989 is a piece of legislation passed by the Australian Parliament which aims to regulate therapeutic goods. The Act is administered by the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA), which is part of the Commonwealth Department of Health. As of July 2025, the statutory framework set out in the Act is mainly supplemented by the Therapeutic Goods Regulations 1990, the Therapeutic Goods (Medical Devices) Regulations 2002 and the Therapeutic Goods (Charges) Act 1990.

The central mechanism through which therapeutic goods (medicines, biologicals and medical devices) are regulated is the Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods (ARTG). Subject to the alternative supply and export pathways set out in the Act, all therapeutic goods must be "registered" (for prescription medicines), "listed" (for complementary and over-the-counter medicines) or "included" (for biologicals and medical devices) in the ARTG to be lawfully supplied in Australia.

Legislation
Legislation is the process or result of enrolling, enacting, or promulgating laws by a legislature, parliament, or analogous governing body. Before an item of legislation becomes law it may be known as a bill, and may be broadly referred to as "legislation" while it remains under consideration to distinguish it from other business. Legislation can have many purposes: to regulate, to authorize, to outlaw, to provide (funds), to sanction, to grant, to declare, or to restrict. It may be contrasted with a non-legislative act by an executive or administrative body under the authority of a legislative act.
All Gall is Divided
All Gall Is Divided (French: Syllogismes de l'amertume, literally "Syllogisms of Bitterness") is a French philosophical book by Emil Cioran.  Originally published in 1952, it was translated into English in 1999 by Richard Howard. The book consists of aphorisms and brief remarks on subjects such as religion, suicide, and literature.

All Gall Is Divided was the second book to be written in French by the Romanian-born Cioran, after 1949's A Short History of Decay, and the first to contain aphorisms.  Cioran claimed he adopted the aphorism because "explaining bores me terribly".

Aphorism
An aphorism (from Greek ἀφορισμός: aphorismos, denoting 'delimitation', 'distinction', and 'definition') is a concise, terse, laconic, or memorable expression of a general truth or principle. Aphorisms are often handed down by tradition from generation to generation.

The concept is generally distinct from those of an adage, brocard, chiasmus, epigram, maxim (legal or philosophical), principle, proverb, and saying; although some of these concepts could be construed as types of aphorism.

Often aphorisms are distinguished from other short sayings by the need for interpretation to make sense of them. In A Theory of the Aphorism, Andrew Hui defined an aphorism as "a short saying that requires interpretation".

A famous example is:

You cannot step into the same river twice.
Marybank, New Zealand
Marybank is a suburb of Nelson, New Zealand. It lies on State Highway 6 close to the northern end of Nelson Haven, between Atawhai and Wakapuaka.

Marybank Reserve is the settlement's local park.

The Boulder Bank, a rare rocky bank located offshore of Marybank, is accessible from just north of the settlement. It is managed by the Department of Conservation.

Nelson Haven
Nelson Haven is an estuary with coastal salt marsh and mudflats, northeast of Nelson, New Zealand. It is separated from Tasman Bay / Te Tai-o-Aorere by the Boulder Bank. It is over 8 km long and up to 2 km wide. The area is regularly completely drowned and exposed by tidal action and supports a large population of mud crabs.
Cide
Cide, also Karaağaç, is a town in the Kastamonu Province in the Black Sea region of Turkey. It is the seat of Cide District. Its population is 11,087 (2021). It lies near the Black Sea coast. The town consists of 16 quarters: Cumhuriyet, Ece, Kasaba, Kemerli, Nasuh, Memiş, Bağyurdu, Gebeş, Irmak, Kalafat, Kasımköy, Kırcı, Kumluca, Sipahi, Sofular and Tarakçı.

Black Sea region
The Black Sea region (Turkish: Karadeniz Bölgesi) (sometimes referred to as Pontus or Pontos) is a geographical region of Turkey. The largest city in the region is Samsun. Other big cities are Zonguldak, Trabzon, Ordu, Tokat, Giresun, Rize, Amasya and Sinop.

It is bordered by the Marmara Region to the west, the Central Anatolia Region to the south, the Eastern Anatolia Region to the southeast, the Republic of Georgia to the northeast, and the Black Sea to the north.
Lisa Hespe
Lisa Hespe SC is an Australian jurist who has served as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia since 27 April 2022. She replaced Justice Paul Anastassiou. Hespe completed her secondary education at Leibler Yavneh College. She then completed a Bachelor of Economics in 1991 and a Bachelor of Laws with Honours in 1994 at Monash University. She earned a Master of Laws from Melbourne Law School in 2022. Hespe commenced her legal career practising as a lawyer with law firm King & Wood Mallesons, where she specialised in taxation and mergers and acquisitions. She is a lecturer at the University of Melbourne, where she teaches tax litigation, and she has spent time as a Senior Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal.

Bachelor of Economics
A Bachelor of Economics (BEc or BEcon) is an academic degree awarded to students who have completed specialised undergraduate studies in economics. Variants include the "Bachelor of Economic Science", and "tagged" degrees such as BA (Econ), BS (Econ) / BSc (Econ), BCom (Econ), and BSocSc (Econ).

These degrees aim to provide students with a comprehensive understanding of economic theories, principles, and models, and their application in analyzing real-world economic issues. The program then encompasses a broad range of topics in the field of economics, including microeconomics, macroeconomics, econometrics, economic history, and international economics. 
It is, at the same time, substantially more theoretical and mathematically rigorous than the economics major within generalist undergraduate degrees (e.g. BBA, BA or BCom).

Graduates often pursue careers in economic analysis, policy development, finance, and business consulting, or continue their studies in graduate programs.
Jonah Malak
Jonah Malak, also known as Karim Haroun, is a Canadian documentary filmmaker, producer and editor from Montreal, Canada. He is most noted for his 2020 film Dave Not Coming Back, for which he received a Best Editing in a Documentary nomination at the 9th Canadian Screen Awards, 2021.

Canadian Screen Award for Best Editing in a Documentary
The Canadian Screen Award for Best Editing in a Documentary is an annual award, presented as part of the Canadian Screen Awards program to honour the year's best editing in a documentary film. It is presented separately from the Canadian Screen Award for Best Editing for narrative feature films.

An award for Best Editing in a Non-Feature, with its nominees consisting entirely of short or television documentary films, was presented at the 1st Genie Awards in 1980, and an award for Best Editing in a Documentary was presented at the shortlived Bijou Awards in 1981, although the Academy never presented an award for editing in theatrical feature documentaries until the 3rd Canadian Screen Awards in 2015. The non-feature winners from 1980 and 1981 have, however, been included below.
Central Bus Station
Central Bus Station can refer to:

Cardiff Central bus station

Haifa Bat Galim Central Bus Station

Haifa Hof HaCarmel Central Bus Station

HaMifratz Central Bus Station

Jerusalem Central Bus Station

Kiryat Malakhi Central Bus Station

Montreal Central Bus Station

Ottawa Central Bus Station

Petah Tikva Central Bus Station

Central Bus Station Sofia

Tel Aviv Central Bus Station

Central Bus Station, Tiruchirappalli

Central Bus Station Thiruvananthapuram

Carmel Beach Central Bus Station

Kyiv Central Bus Station

Hamburg Central Bus Station

Bratislava Central Bus Station

Zentraler Omnibusbahnhof München

Kyiv Central Bus Station
Kyiv Central Bus Station (Ukrainian: Київський Центральний Автовокзал) is the main and the largest bus station in Kyiv, Ukraine. It specializes in international and intercity (coach) services; suburban routes also present. The Central Bus Station is located on Demiivska Square in the Holosiiv neighborhood not far from the city center.

The Central Bus Station is operated by the state-run "Kyivpasservis" commercial company and is independent from the bus-operating companies.
Norma Ray
Sylvie N'Doumbé (Saint-Étienne, March 21, 1970), stage name Norma Ray, is a French singer, songwriter. She is the daughter of Cameroon soccer star Frédéric N'Doumbé.

Norma has sung the French versions of songs on the soundtracks of French dubbed American films, including Sister Act 1 & 2, Lion King, Hercules etc.  She has danced in the music video "U Got the Look" with Prince.  She co-composed the song "Tous les maux d'amour" (Every heartache), which became a hit for Ray in 1999 (hitting the Top 10 singles chart in France) and one of the most played songs on radio stations in France, Canada, Switzerland and Belgium.  The group S Club 7 made a cover version in English, which became an international hit entitled "Natural".

Sister Act
Sister Act is a 1992 American musical crime comedy film directed by Emile Ardolino and written by Paul Rudnick (billed as Joseph Howard). It stars Whoopi Goldberg as a lounge singer forced to hide in a convent after being placed in a witness protection program. It also features Maggie Smith, Kathy Najimy, Wendy Makkena, Mary Wickes, and Harvey Keitel.

Receiving mixed to favorable reviews, Sister Act was one of the most financially successful comedies of the early 1990s, grossing $231.6 million worldwide against a $31 million budget. Its success extended to the home video market, and it was the most rented film of 1993 in the United States. The film spawned a franchise, which consists of the critically panned 1993 sequel Sister Act 2: Back in the Habit and a musical adaptation, which premiered in 2006. A third film is in development for Disney+.
Toshikazu Katayama
Toshikazu Katayama (片山 敏一, Katayama Toshiichi; born June 5, 1913) was a Japanese figure skater. He won the Japan Figure Skating Championships in 1933–1935, 1937 and 1938. In 1936, he represented Japan at the Winter Olympics, World Championships and European Championships. He studied and trained at Kwansei Gakuin University.

In 1949, Fritzi Burger reported to Skating magazine that he was married with two children and still skated occasionally, including with Burger in a show.

1936 World Figure Skating Championships
The World Figure Skating Championships is an annual figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union in which figure skaters compete for the title of World Champion.

Men's and pairs' competitions took place from February 28 to 29 in Paris, France. Ladies' competitions took place from February 21 to 22 also in Paris, France.
Big Ass Spider!
Big Ass Spider! is a 2013 science fiction action film directed and edited by Mike Mendez. The film tells the story of a bug exterminator, who, with the help of a hospital security guard and the military, battles a giant spider that goes on a rampage in Los Angeles.

Clare Kramer
Clare Kramer is an American actress. Her credits include Bring It On (2000), The Rules of Attraction (2002), D.E.B.S. (2003), Tru Calling (2004), The Thirst (2006), House (2006), Road to Hell (2008), and Goodnight Burbank (2011). Among her most notable roles is Glory in Buffy the Vampire Slayer (2000-2002).

She was awarded best actress at the PollyGrind Film Festival 2012 for her portrayal of spree killer Caitlin Shattuck in Road to Hell (2008).
Bryan Park (Richmond, Virginia)
Joseph Bryan Park, also known as Bryan Park, is a public park in the city of Richmond, Virginia. The park memorializes Joseph Bryan (1845–1908), the founder and publisher of the Richmond Times-Dispatch newspaper. The land was given to the city in 1910 by Bryan's widow, Belle Stewart Bryan, and her family. It contains a network of hiking/biking trails and is open daily without charge.

The park, which sits next to the Bryan Park Interchange, where I-95, I-64, and I-195 intersect, hosted the Richmond Vegetarian Festival annually from 2003 through 2018.

In mid-2024, the City of Richmond broke ground on the city's portion of the Fall Line Trail, an approximately 43-mile multi-use trail currently (2024) under development — from a northern terminus in Ashland, Virginia, to a southern terminus in Petersburg, Virginia. The thirteen-mile segment extends from Bryan Park, which will become a key trailhead, to the Chesterfield County border to the South.

Interstate 64
Interstate 64 (I-64) is an east–west Interstate Highway in the Eastern United States. Its western terminus is at I-70, U.S. Route 40 (US 40), and US 61 in Wentzville, Missouri. Its eastern terminus is at the Bowers Hill Interchange with I-264 and I-664 at Bower's Hill in Chesapeake, Virginia. I-64 connects Greater St. Louis, the Louisville metropolitan area, the Lexington–Fayette metropolitan area, the Charleston, WV metropolitan area, the Greater Richmond Region, and Hampton Roads.
Arcilla
Arcilla is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Francisco Arcilla (born 1984), Spanish racewalker

Jay Arcilla (born 1996), Filipino actor

John Arcilla (born 1966), Filipino actor

Johnny Arcilla (born 1980), Filipino tennis player

John Arcilla
Romeo John Gonzales Arcilla (born June 24,1966) is a Filipino film and television actor who has portrayed roles including Antonio Luna in Heneral Luna, Hagorn in Encantadia, Carlos Fiero in Dirty Linen, President Eleazar Sagrado in Pamilya Sagrado, and Renato Hipolito in FPJ's Ang Probinsyano.

In 2021, he was awarded the Volpi Cup for Best Actor at the Venice International Film Festival for his role in On the Job: The Missing 8, making him the first Filipino and Southeast Asian actor to receive the award. He also received the Best Actor award at the Gawad Urian Awards in 2022 for the same role.
Belgian railway line 96
The Belgian railway line 96 is a railway line in Belgium connecting Brussels to Quévy at the border with France. A railway line then connects Quévy to Paris, France, which forms the old Brussels-Paris railway line. The line is used by TGV and Eurostar trains between Brussels and Lembeek.

The first section of line 96 opened in 1840 between Brussels and Tubize. The final section between Hautmont and the Belgian-French border was opened in 1858.

The following stations are located on this line:

Brussels-South

Forest-South

Ruisbroek

Lot

Buizingen

Halle

Lembeek

Tubize

Hennuyères

Braine-le-Comte

Soignies

Neufvilles

Masnuy-Saint-Pierre

Jurbise

Erbisoeul

Ghlin

Mons

Cuesmes

Frameries

Genly

Quévy

Cuesmes
Cuesmes (French pronunciation: [kwɛm] or [kɥɛm]; Walloon: Cweme) is a sub-municipality of the city of Mons located in the province of Hainaut, Wallonia, Belgium. It was a separate municipality until 1972. On 1 January 1972, it was merged into Mons.
Cooley Vocational High School
Edwin Gilbert Cooley Vocational High School (also known as Cooley Vocational High School and Upper Grade Center, commonly known as Cooley High) was a public 4–year vocational high school and middle school located in the Old Town neighborhood on the Near North Side of Chicago, Illinois, United States.

Opened primarily to serve Cabrini-Green in 1958, Cooley was housed in a high school building constructed in 1907, which had housed trade schools. It was a part of the Chicago Public Schools district and served grades 7 through 12. Cooley was named in honor of Edwin Gilbert Cooley (1857–1923), who served as superintendent of Chicago Public Schools from 1900 until 1909. Cooley closed in June 1979.

Chicago Public Schools
Chicago Public Schools (CPS; administratively referred to by the state of Illinois as City of Chicago School District #299 for funding and districting reasons) is a public school district in the city of Chicago, Illinois, United States.

It is the fourth-largest school district in the United States (after New York, Los Angeles, and Miami-Dade County). CPS students attend a particular school based on their area of residence, except for charter, magnet, and selective enrollment schools.

As of 2023, CPS has 634 schools, including 477 elementary schools and 157 high schools; of which 514 were district-run, 111 were charter schools, 7 were contract schools, and 2 were SAFE schools.

CPS is led by a chief executive officer, an alternative title for the position of superintendent in most other public school systems.
2019 Shetland by-election
The 2019 Shetland by-election was held on 29 August 2019 to elect a Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for the constituency of Shetland. It was held following the resignation of Liberal Democrat MSP Tavish Scott upon taking a new role at Scottish Rugby. The Liberal Democrats held the seat, with Beatrice Wishart being elected for the party.

Tavish Scott
Tavish Hamilton Scott (born 6 May 1966) is a former Scottish politician.  He was the Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for Shetland from 1999 to 2019, and Leader of the Scottish Liberal Democrats from 2008 to 2011. He stepped down as Leader following the 2011 Scottish Parliament election, in which the Liberal Democrats were reduced to five seats, down from 16 in the previous parliament.