hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Appin massacre
The Appin massacre was the mass murder of Aboriginal men, women and children in the New South Wales settlement of Appin, South Western Sydney, on 17 April 1816 by members of the 46th Regiment. The massacre resulted in the loss of a large number of the local Dharug and Gundungurra population, mainly due to displacement. The event was the first military ordered massacre of Aboriginal people in Australia.

Occurring during the Hawkesbury and Nepean Wars, the regiment had been ordered by Governor Macquarie to lead disciplinary commissions in and around Liverpool, the Hawkesbury, the Nepean and Grose Valley. Officer Captain James Wallis raided and killed the natives indiscriminately, driving them off ravines and shooting them. The attack violated Governor Macquarie's instructions to seek the Aboriginals' surrender as "prisoners of war" and to preserve the lives of women and children.

Appin, New South Wales
Appin is a town on the south-west fringe of Sydney in the Macarthur Region in Tharawal country near its boundary with Gandangara country, New South Wales, Australia in Wollondilly Shire. It is situated about 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) south of Campbelltown and 35 kilometres (22 mi) northwest of Wollongong.
2009 CIS/CCA Curling Championships
The 2009 edition of the CIS nationals was held in Montreal, Quebec.  The event was played March 25–29, 2009 at the Royal Montreal Curling Club and Montreal West Curling Club.  12 men's and women's team were expected to participate; one representative from each province plus 2 teams from Ontario.

The Universiades are only held every 2 years, so this year's winners represented Canada at the 2010 Karuizawa Invitational in Japan.

The winners of the Championships were the University of Regina in the men's event, and Wilfrid Laurier University in the women's event.

Karuizawa International Curling Championships
The Karuizawa International Curling Championships is a curling bonspiel held annually since the Olympic Games in Nagano at the SCAP Karuizawa Arena in Kariuzawa, Japan. The bonspiel is held to commemorate the curling event at the 1998 Nagano Olympics, the first official curling event in the Olympic programme since the 1924 Winter Olympics. It is also held to help promote curling throughout Japan. The event was part of the World Curling Tour from 2014 to 2019.
Canziani
Canziani is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Estella Canziani (1887–1964), British painter, interior decorator, writer and folklorist

Giovanni Battista Canziani (1664–1730), Italian Baroque painter

Héctor Canziani, Argentine poet, screenwriter and film director

Héctor Canziani
Héctor Canziani was an Argentine poet, screenwriter and film director who worked in Argentine cinema in the 1940s and 1950s. Although his work was most abundant in screenwriting and poetry after his brief film career, he is best known for his directorship and production of the 1950 tango dancing film Al Compás de tu Mentira based on a play by Oscar Wilde.
Jane and Finch
Jane and Finch is a neighbourhood located in the northwest end of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, in the district of North York. Centred at the intersection of Jane Street and Finch Avenue West, the area is roughly bounded by Highway 400 to the west, Black Creek to the east, Sheppard Avenue to the south, and Steeles Avenue to the north. Two city neighbourhoods cover the area commonly known as Jane and Finch. From Finch north to Steeles is considered part of the Black Creek community while from Finch south to Sheppard is called Glenfield-Jane Heights.

The Jane and Finch community is a high density and low-income neighbourhood. It is made up of single-family detached and semi-detached houses, along with several high-rise apartment buildings, with a mix of residential and commercial developments.

Vietnamese Canadians
Vietnamese Canadians (Vietnamese: Người Canada gốc Việt; French: Canadiens vietnamiens) are Canadian citizens of Vietnamese ancestry. As of 2021, there are 275,530 Vietnamese Canadians, most of whom reside in the provinces of Ontario, British Columbia, Alberta, and Quebec.
Jonathan Mills
Jonathan Mills (born 12 February 1984) is a Welsh rugby union player. A lock forward, he previously played for Llandovery RFC, Bath, Llanelli RFC and the Scarlets before joining London Welsh where he captained the side winning the RFU Championship. In June 2013 he joined Sale Sharks.  In August 2017 Mills joined London Scottish as a player-coach until February 2018 where he will join the Dallas Griffins for the inaugural Major League Rugby season in the US as a player-coach.

Mills has represented Wales at under-16, under-18, under-19 and under-21 levels winning age group championships. He has also represented the Barbarians.

Llandovery RFC
Llandovery RFC (Welsh: Clwb Rygbi Llanymddyfri) is a Welsh rugby union club based in Llandovery, Carmarthenshire, Wales. The club is an inaugural member of the Welsh Rugby Union, currently play in the Super Rygbi Cymru and is a feeder club for the Scarlets, a United Rugby Championship club. Llandovery won the Premier Division during the 2022–23 season, defeating reigning champions Cardiff RFC in the final.
Blood type distribution by country
This list concerns blood type distribution between countries and regions. Blood type (also called a blood group) is a classification of genes, based on the presence and absence of antibodies and inherited antigenic substances on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). These antigens may be proteins, carbohydrates, glycoproteins, or glycolipids, depending on the blood group system.

Heredity
Heredity, also called inheritance or biological inheritance, is the passing on of traits from parents to their offspring; either through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction, the offspring cells or organisms acquire the genetic information of their parents. Through heredity, variations between individuals can accumulate and cause species to evolve by natural selection. The study of heredity in biology is genetics.
Kokushi
Kokushi can refer to:

国師 - lit. Teacher of the Realm, an official or honorary title given to Buddhist masters in Japan

国司 - Kokushi (official), in the government of Classical Japan

国師 - Kokushi (regent), the government of the Ryūkyū Kingdom, akin to regent and often translated as "state instructor"

国史 - Kokushi (history), a type of Japanese historical writing that emerged in the Meiji period

国士無双 - A yakuman in the game of mahjong

Keiji Mutoh - a Japanese wrestler who uses "Kokushi" as his name in the ring.

Yaku (Japanese mahjong)
In Japanese mahjong, yaku (Japanese: 役) is the primary source of doubling points (han) for a winning player's hand. A one yaku minimum is set for all winning hands, making it essential to know the yaku for basic play. Each yaku is a set of requirements on the shapes of a winning hand that awards an amount of han if the conditions are met. Multiple yaku conditions may be combined to produce hands of greater value. Dora are also crucial to high scoring hands, awarding han instead of fu, but they do not count as yaku. Altogether, a hand's points value increases exponentially with every han up to the mangan and counted yakuman limits.
Guanosine diphosphate
Guanosine diphosphate, abbreviated GDP, is a nucleoside diphosphate. It is an ester of pyrophosphoric acid with the nucleoside guanosine. GDP consists of a pyrophosphate group, a pentose sugar ribose, and the nucleobase guanine.

GDP is the product of GTP dephosphorylation by GTPases, e.g., the G-proteins that are involved in signal transduction.

GDP is converted into GTP with the help of pyruvate kinase and phosphoenolpyruvate.

Pyruvate kinase
Pyruvate kinase is the enzyme involved in the last step of glycolysis. It catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to adenosine diphosphate (ADP), yielding one molecule of pyruvate and one molecule of ATP. Pyruvate kinase was inappropriately named (inconsistently with a conventional kinase) before it was recognized that it did not directly catalyze phosphorylation of pyruvate, which does not occur under physiological conditions. Pyruvate kinase is present in four distinct, tissue-specific isozymes in animals, each consisting of particular kinetic properties necessary to accommodate the variations in metabolic requirements of diverse tissues.
Ullackalie Lagoon
Ullackalie Lagoon (Tamil: உல்லைக்கழி Ullaikkaḻi) is a lagoon in Trincomalee District, eastern Sri Lanka.

The lagoon is fed by a number of small rivers including Verugal Aru and Uppu Aru. It is linked to the sea by a narrow channel to the south. The lagoon's water is brackish.

The lagoon is surrounded by evergreen forest and scrubland. The land is used for subsistence fishing.

The lagoon has extensive mangroves. The lagoon attracts a wide variety of water birds including ducks and other shorebirds.

The western part of the lagoon was designated an animal sanctuary in 1970.

Trincomalee District
Trincomalee District (Tamil: திருக்கோணமலை மாவட்டம் Tirukkōṇamalai Māvaṭṭam; Sinhala: ත්‍රිකුණාමළය දිස්ත්‍රික්කය Trikuṇāmalaya distrikkaya) is one of the 25 districts of Sri Lanka, the second level administrative division of the country. The district is administered by a District Secretariat headed by a District Secretary (previously known as a Government Agent) appointed by the central government of Sri Lanka. The capital of the district is the city of Trincomalee.
Sonia Iovan
Sonia Iovan-Inovan (29 September 1935 – 6 September 2024) was a Romanian artistic gymnast who competed at the 1956, 1960, and 1964 Olympic Games. She was a double Olympic bronze medalist, a bronze world medalist and a multiple European medalist. Iovan died in France on 6 September 2024, at the age of 88.

Gymnastics at the 1960 Summer Olympics
At the 1960 Summer Olympics, fourteen different artistic gymnastics events were contested, eight for men and six for women.  All events were held in the Baths of Caracalla in Rome from September 5 through 10th.
Vicente de Santa Maria
Father Vicente de Santa María (1742 – July 16, 1806) was a Spanish Franciscan priest who accompanied explorer Juan de Ayala on the first Spanish naval entry aboard the San Carlos into the San Francisco Bay.  Born in the village of Aras in Navarre Province, Spain, Santa Maria moved to Mexico City to attend the Colegio de San Fernando seminary in 1769.  Santa Maria wrote detailed first-hand accounts of the journey of the San Carlos and of the indigenous inhabitants of the San Francisco Bay Area prior to Spanish colonization.  He later served at Mission San Francisco de Asis in San Francisco and Mission San Buenaventura in Ventura, California, where he died in 1806.

Juan de Ayala
Juan Manuel de Ayala y Aranza (28 December 1745 – 30 December 1797) was a Spanish Navy officer who played a significant role in the European exploration of California, as he and the crew of his ship San Carlos were the first Europeans known to have entered the San Francisco Bay, having sailed there from the Port of San Blas, Nayarit, Mexico.
Bannai script
Bannai is kind of kufic script form of the Islamic calligraphy. It was used primarily in Iran in building inscriptions. It is a kind of angular Kufic script, which has geometric forms like square, rhombus, rectangular, parallel and crossed lines. The foundation of Bannai script is the horizontal and vertical directions of the lines, which have equal thickness and completely fill the geometrical form.

Line (geometry)
In geometry, a straight line, usually abbreviated line, is an infinitely long object with no width, depth, or curvature. It is a special case of a curve and an idealization of such physical objects as a straightedge, a taut string, or a ray of light. Lines are spaces of dimension one, which may be embedded in spaces of dimension two, three, or higher. The word line may also refer, in everyday life, to a line segment, which is a part of a line delimited by two points (its endpoints).

Euclid's Elements defines a straight line as a "breadthless length" that "lies evenly with respect to the points on itself", and introduced several postulates as basic unprovable properties on which the rest of geometry was established. Euclidean line and Euclidean geometry are terms introduced to avoid confusion with generalizations introduced since the end of the 19th century, such as non-Euclidean, projective, and affine geometry.
2018 California Proposition 4
Proposition 4, also known as Prop 4 or Children's Hospital Bond Initiative, was a California ballot proposition intended to approve bonds amounting to $1.5 billion to be used for the creation and managing of children's hospitals. It passed in the November 2018 California elections. The campaign in support of the initiative was led by Yes 4 Children's Hospitals, also called Yes on Proposition 4. The campaign was sponsored by the California Children's Hospital Association. The California Teachers Association was a supporter of the initiative. No major organizations or politicians were vocal about the proposition.

California Teachers Association
The California Teachers Association (CTA) is a teachers' trade union based in the city of Burlingame, California. The association was initially established in 1863. It is regarded as one of the largest and most powerful teachers' unions in the state with over 300,000 members and a high political profile in California politics. The current president of the association is David B. Goldberg.

CTA is affiliated with the National Education Association, while the California Federation of Teachers (the second largest teachers' union in the state) is affiliated with the American Federation of Teachers.
Mary Eleanor Power
Mary Eleanor Power is Professor of the Graduate School in the Department of Integrative Biology at the University of California, Berkeley. Power is a member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and the California Academy of Sciences. She holds an honorary doctorate from Umeå University, Sweden, and is a recipient of the G. Evelyn Hutchinson Award of the Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography (formerly known as the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography (2005)), and the Kempe Award for Distinguished Ecologists (2004).

Power is a past president of the Ecological Society of America (2009–10) and the American Society of Naturalists (2005-2006).

Power and her work are featured prominently in the documentary film, The Serengeti Rules, which was released in 2018.

Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography
The Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography (ASLO), formerly known as the Limnological Society of America and the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, is a scientific society established in 1936 with the goal of advancing the sciences of limnology and oceanography. With approximately 4,000 members in nearly 60 countries, ASLO is the largest scientific society, worldwide, devoted to either limnology or oceanography or both.
The Hamilton Mixtape
The Hamilton Mixtape is a 2016 mixtape album featuring assorted (and deleted) songs from the 2015 Broadway musical Hamilton performed by various artists, including Common, Kelly Clarkson, Wiz Khalifa, Nas, Alicia Keys, John Legend, Dessa, Miguel, Chance the Rapper,  Nate Ruess, K’naan, Aloe Blacc, and the Roots. It was widely well received by critics.

Digital Song Sales
The Digital Song Sales (previously named Digital Songs and Hot Digital Songs) ranks the most downloaded songs in the United States, as compiled by Luminate and published by Billboard magazine. Although it originally started tracking song sales the week of October 30, 2004, it officially debuted in the issue dated January 22, 2005, and merged all versions of a song sold from digital music distributors. Its data was incorporated in the Hot 100 three weeks later. Since October 2004, digital sales have been incorporated into many of Billboard's music singles charts. The decision was based on the dramatic increase of the digital market while commercial single sales in a physical format were becoming negligible.

The first number one song on the Digital Song Sales chart was "Just Lose It" by Eminem. The chart's current number one as of the issue dated July 26, 2025 is 
"Ordinary" by Alex Warren.
Yodeling Yokels
Yodeling Yokels  is the tenth title in the Looney Tunes series featuring Bosko and Honey. It was released as early as March 21, 1931. It is directed by Hugh Harman and Rudolf Ising, and the film score was composed by Frank Marsales.

Frank Marsales
Frank Alfred Marsales (31 August 1886 – 14 August 1975) was a Canadian composer best known for his work scoring many classic animated films by Warner Bros. Cartoons in the 1930s. He also worked with Walter Lantz Studios in the mid to late 1930s.
Unfinished Business (1941 film)
Unfinished Business is a 1941 American romantic comedy film directed by Gregory La Cava and starring Irene Dunne, Robert Montgomery, and Preston Foster. It was produced and distributed by Universal Pictures.

Gregory La Cava
Gregory La Cava (March 10, 1892 – March 1, 1952) was an American film director of Italian descent best known for his films of the 1930s, including My Man Godfrey and Stage Door, which earned him nominations for Academy Award for Best Director.
Ben Austin (sailor)
Benjamin Austin (born 16 July 1982) is an Australian sailor. He competed for Australia at the 2008 Summer Olympics.

Together with teammate Nathan Outteridge, Austin became the 2008 World Champion in the 49er boat by finishing in front of Britons Stevie Morrison and Ben Rhodes. In 2007 they won the bronze medal in the same event at the World Championships in Cascais, Portugal. He was an Australian Institute of Sport scholarship holder.

Australian Institute of Sport
The Australian Institute of Sport (AIS) is a high performance sports training institution in Australia. The institute's 66-hectare (163-acre) headquarters were opened in 1981 and are situated in the northern suburb of Bruce, Canberra. The AIS is a division of the Australian Sports Commission (ASC).
Kaido (given name)
Kaido is an Estonian and Finnish given name, a masculine form of Kaidi – a variant of Katariina.

People named Kaido include:

Kaido Höövelson (Baruto Kaito; born 1984), sumo wrestler

Kaido Kaaberma (born 1968), fencer

Kaido Kalm (born 1965), ice sledge hockey player and Paralympic competitor

Kaido Kama (born 1957), politician

Kaido Kreen (born 1965), volleyball player

Kaido Külaots (born 1976), chess Grandmaster

Kaido Ole (born 1963), painter

Kaido Põldma (born 1980), musician (Soul Militia)

Kaido Reivelt (born 1970), physicist, researcher and educator

Kaido Saks (born 1986), basketball player

Kaido Veermäe (born 1971), actor

Kaido Reivelt
Kaido Reivelt (born 29 October 1970) is an Estonian physicist and science populariser who works at the University of Tartu Institute of Physics. His research area is wave optics and he is President of the Estonian Physical Society.

Reivelt has been the local coordinator of the GLOBE Program since 2007, and was the development leader of the AHHAA science centre from 2003 to 2005.

Reivelt is an eight-time Estonian champion in rowing.
Nolita
40°43′21″N 73°59′43″W﻿ / ﻿40.722542°N 73.9951515°W﻿ / 40.722542; -73.9951515

Nolita, sometimes written as NoLIta and deriving from "Northern Little Italy", is a neighborhood in the borough of Manhattan in New York City. Nolita is situated in Lower Manhattan, bounded on the north by Houston Street, on the east by the Bowery, on the south roughly by Broome Street, and on the west by Lafayette Street. It lies east of SoHo, south of NoHo, west of the Lower East Side, and north of Little Italy and Chinatown.

Prince Street (Manhattan)
Prince Street is a historic street in  SoHo, Manhattan known for its historic architecture and high-end boutiques. Prince Street runs from West Street to the Bowery.
The street has  been the location of historical landmarks, such as St. Patrick's Cathedral, in the 1850s.

203 Prince Street is a historic townhouse built in 1834 that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Prince Street Pizza is highly popular pizzeria famous for its Sicilian "SoHo" squares and pepperoni slices.

Luxury boutiques on Prince Street include Kilian perfume house.
Embolic stroke of undetermined source
Embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) is an embolic stroke, a type of ischemic stroke, with an unknown origin, defined as a non-lacunar brain infarct without proximal arterial stenosis or cardioembolic sources. As such, it forms a subset of cryptogenic stroke, which is part of the TOAST-classification. The following diagnostic criteria define an ESUS:

Stroke detected by CT or MRI that is not lacunar

No major-risk cardioembolic source of embolism

Absence of extracranial or intracranial atherosclerosis causing 50% luminal stenosis in arteries supplying the area of ischaemia

No other specific cause of stroke identified (e.g., arteritis, dissection, migraine/vasospasm, drug misuse)

Vasospasm
Vasospasm refers to a condition in which an arterial spasm leads to vasoconstriction. This can lead to tissue ischemia (insufficient blood flow) and tissue death (necrosis).

Along with physical resistance, vasospasm is a main cause of ischemia. Like physical resistance, vasospasms can occur due to atherosclerosis. Vasospasm is the major cause of Prinzmetal's angina.

Cerebral vasospasm may arise in the context of subarachnoid hemorrhage as symptomatic vasospasm (or delayed cerebral ischemia), where it is a major contributor to post-operative stroke and mortality. Vasospasm typically appears 4 to 10 days after subarachnoid hemorrhage, however the relationship between radiological arterial spasm (seen on angiography) and clinical neurological deterioration is nuanced and uncertain.
Huahine swamphen
The Huahine swamphen (Porphyrio mcnabi) is an extinct species of bird in the family Rallidae. It was a small swamphen endemic to Huahine in the Society Islands of French Polynesia.  It is known only from subfossil remains found at the Fa'ahia archaeological site on the island.  Fa'ahia is an early Polynesian occupation site with radiocarbon dates ranging from 700 CE to 1200 CE.  The swamphen is only one of a suite of birds found at the site which became extinct either locally or globally following human occupation of the island.

Bird extinction
Bird extinction is the complete elimination of all species members under the taxonomic class, Aves. Out of all known bird species, (approximately 11,154), 159 (1.4%) have become extinct, with 226 (2%) being critically endangered. There is a general consensus among ornithologists that if anthropogenic activities continue as current trends suggest, one-third of all bird species, and an even greater proportion of bird populations, will be rendered extinct by the end of the 21st century.

For critically endangered species, scientists estimate they will face extinction in a few decades without proper conservation efforts; for some of these species, the current presence of extant populations is uncertain.
Trofeo Princesa Sofía
Trofeo Princesa Sofía is an annual sailing regatta in Palma de Majorca, Spain, organised by the clubs Club Nàutic S'Arenal, Club Marítimo San Antonio de la Playa, Real Club Náutico de Palma, and federations  Real Federación Española de Vela and Federación Balear de Vela.

The 46th edition was held in April and May 2015. It is part of the 2015 EUROSAF Champions Sailing Cup. Together with the Semaine Olympique Française, Allianz Regatta, and Kiel Week regattas, Trofeo Princesa Sofía is part of the Sailing World Cup in the 2023 and 2024 seasons.

Royal Spanish Sailing Federation
The Royal Spanish Sailing Federation (Spanish: Real Federación Española de Vela, RFEV) is the national governing body for the sport of sailing in Spain, recognised by World Sailing. The federation is based in Madrid with a high performance centre located at Santander.