hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hiatt Baker
Hiatt Cowles Baker (30 June 1863 – 19 September 1934) was an English international rugby union player.

Baker was born in Clifton, Bristol, and educated at Rugby School.

A forward, Baker served as captain of Clifton from 1885 to 1889 and gained an England cap in 1887, playing in their draw against Wales at Llanelli. He regularly represented Gloucestershire in county fixtures.

Baker worked for his family's retail business on Wine Street in Bristol.

After the death of his son in the Napier earthquake, Baker set up a scholarship at Bristol University, catering to students from New Zealand. He became a pro-chancellor at the university in 1929 and held an honorary doctorate of laws.

Rugby School
Rugby School is a private boarding school for pupils aged 13–18, located in the town of Rugby, Warwickshire in England.

Founded in 1567 as a free grammar school for local boys, it is one of the oldest independent schools in Britain. Up to 1667, the school remained in comparative obscurity. Its re-establishment by Thomas Arnold during his time as Headmaster, from 1828 to 1841, was seen as the forerunner of the Victorian public school. It was one of nine schools investigated by the Clarendon Commission of 1864 and later regulated as one of the seven schools included in the Public Schools Act 1868. Originally a boys' school, it became fully co-educational in 1992.

The school's alumni – or "Old Rugbeians" – include a UK prime minister, a French prime minister, several bishops, poets, scientists, writers and soldiers.

Rugby School is the birthplace of rugby football.
Wish You Well (Vincent Mason song)
"Wish You Well" is a song by American country music singer Vincent Mason. It was released as Mason's debut single and the lead single to his debut album, There I Go, on February 24, 2025. The song was co-written by Jessie Jo Dillon, Chris LaCorte, who also produced the song, Blake Pendergrass, and Geoff Warburton.

Jessie Jo Dillon
Jessie Jo Dillon (born September 11, 1987) is an American songwriter with Big Machine Records. She is the daughter of country musician and songwriter Dean Dillon and his ex-wife Kenni Wehrman, a Warner Bros. Records executive. She has received five Grammy Award nominations and two Academy of Country Music Awards nominations.
Law of conservation of complexity
The law of conservation of complexity, also known as Tesler's Law, or Waterbed Theory, is an adage in human–computer interaction stating that every application has an inherent amount of complexity that cannot be removed or hidden. Instead, it must be dealt with, either in product development or in user interaction.

This poses the question of who should be exposed to the complexity. For example, should a software developer add complexity to the software code to make the  interaction simpler for the user or should the user deal with a complex interface so that the software code can be simple?

Waterbed theory
Waterbed theory is the observation, ascribed to Larry Wall, that some systems, such as human and computer languages, contain a minimum amount of complexity, and that attempting to "push down" the complexity of such a system in one place will invariably cause complexity to "pop up" elsewhere. This behavior is likened to a waterbed mattress which contains a certain amount of water; it is possible to push down the mattress in one place, but the displaced water will always cause the mattress to rise elsewhere, because water does not compress. It is impossible to push down the waterbed everywhere at once, because the volume of the water remains a constant. The goal is to avoid "false simplicity or false oversimplification."
Council Point Park
Council Point Park is a city-owned park in Wayne County in the U.S. state of Michigan.  It is located along the Ecorse River within the city of Lincoln Park. The park is 27 acres, and borders the cities of Wyandotte and Ecorse. The point itself is formed by the northern and southern branches of the Ecorse River, just before it reaches the Detroit River. The land for the park was purchased in the late 1980s. The park's dimensions were courtesy of Wade Trim and Associates. The park includes a 1.9 mile jogging track along the Ecorse River, two baseball/softball diamonds, two soccer fields, a picnic pavilion, a children's park with a playscape, an inline hockey arena, and a permanent restroom/storage building.

Wayne County, Michigan
Wayne County is the most populous county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of 2020, the United States census placed its population at 1,793,561, making it the 19th-most populous county in the United States. The county seat is Detroit. The county was founded in 1796 and organized in 1815. Wayne County is included in the Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is one of several U.S. counties named after Revolutionary War-era general Anthony Wayne.
Coalition Party (Norway)
The Coalition Party (Norwegian: Samlingspartiet) was a Norwegian political coalition drawn from the Conservative Party, the Moderate Liberal Party and independent Liberals. Its main issues were opposition to the Liberal Party's political union radicalism, as well as to the rising growth of social democracy. Originally formed to pursue a more careful negotiating line towards Sweden, the party turned around and took part in Michelsen's Cabinet, which carried through the dissolution of the union between Norway and Sweden in 1905. The coalition's leading members included Christian Michelsen himself, Wollert Konow (SB) and Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson.

Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson
Bjørnstjerne Martinius Bjørnson (/ˈbjɜːrnsən/ BYURN-sən, Norwegian: [ˈbjø̂ːɳstjæːɳə mɑrˈtiːnɪʉ̂s ˈbjø̂ːɳsɔn]; 8 December 1832 – 26 April 1910) was a Norwegian writer who received the 1903 Nobel Prize in Literature "as a tribute to his noble, magnificent and versatile poetry, which has always been distinguished by both the freshness of its inspiration and the rare purity of its spirit". The first Norwegian Nobel laureate, he was a prolific polemicist and extremely influential in Norwegian public life and Scandinavian cultural debate. Bjørnson is considered to be one of the four great Norwegian writers, alongside Ibsen, Lie, and Kielland. He is also celebrated for his lyrics to the Norwegian national anthem, "Ja, vi elsker dette landet". The composer Fredrikke Waaler based a composition for voice and piano (Spinnersken) on a text by Bjørnson, as did Anna Teichmüller (Die Prinzessin).
David Levering Lewis
David Levering Lewis (born May 25, 1936) is an American historian, a Julius Silver University Professor, and professor emeritus of history at New York University. He is twice winner of the Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography, for part one and part two of his biography of W. E. B. Du Bois (in 1994 and 2001, respectively). He is the first author to win Pulitzer Prizes for biography for two successive volumes on the same subject.

The author of eight books and editor of two more, Lewis concentrates on comparative history with special focus on twentieth-century United States social history and civil rights. His interests include nineteenth-century Africa, twentieth-century France, and Islamic Spain.

Timeline of the civil rights movement
This is a timeline of the 1954 to 1968 civil rights movement in the United States, a nonviolent mid-20th century freedom movement to gain legal equality and the enforcement of constitutional rights for all Americans. The goals of the movement included securing equal protection under the law, ending legally institutionalized racial discrimination, and gaining equal access to public facilities, education reform, fair housing, and the ability to vote.
Alauddin Riayat Shah II of Johor
Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah II ibni Almarhum Sultan Mahmud Shah (died c. 1564) was the first Sultan of Johor and ruled from 1528 to 1564. He founded the Johor Sultanate following the fall of Malacca to the Portuguese in 1511. He was the second son of Mahmud Shah of Malacca. Thus, Johor was a successor state of Malacca and Johor's sultans are descended from and followed the numbering system of Malacca. Throughout his reign, he faced constant threats from the Portuguese as well as the emerging Aceh Sultanate.

Capture of Malacca (1511)
The Capture of Malacca in 1511 occurred when the governor of Portuguese India Afonso de Albuquerque conquered the city of Malacca in 1511.

The port city of Malacca controlled the narrow, strategic Strait of Malacca, through which all seagoing trade between China and India was concentrated. The capture of Malacca was the result of a plan by King Manuel I of Portugal, who since 1505 had intended to beat the Castilians to the Far-East, and Albuquerque's own project of establishing firm foundations for Portuguese India, alongside Hormuz, Goa and Aden, to ultimately control trade and thwart Muslim shipping in the Indian Ocean.

Having started sailing from Cochin in April 1511, the expedition would not have been able to turn around due to contrary monsoon winds. Had the enterprise failed, the Portuguese could not hope for reinforcements and would have been unable to return to their bases in India. At the time it was the farthest territorial conquest in history.
Oliva Blanchette
Oliva Blanchette (6 May 1929 – 25 June 2021) was an American philosopher and Professor of Philosophy at Boston College. He was a former president of the Metaphysical Society of America (1999).

Blanchette won the J.N. Findlay Award of the Metaphysical Society of America in 2007 for Philosophy of Being (2002). He is also known for having translated works of Maurice Blondel into English.

Metaphysical Society of America
The Metaphysical Society of America (MSA) is a philosophical organization founded by Paul Weiss in 1950. As stated in its constitution, "The purpose of the Metaphysical Society of America is the study of reality." The society is a member of the American Council of Learned Societies.
SS Swarthmore Victory
SS Swarthmore Victory  (MCV-737) was a type VC2-S-AP2 Victory-class cargo ship built for the United States during World War II. The ship was built as part of the Emergency Shipbuilding program by Permanente Metals Corporation in Yard 2 of the Richmond Shipyards in Richmond, California. Named after Swarthmore College in Pennsylvania. Caomplete on April 7, 1945 Swarthmore Victory delivered supplies for the Pacific War and was operated by the United States Lines.

Richmond Shipyards
The four Richmond Shipyards, in the city of Richmond, California, United States, were run by Permanente Metals and part of the Kaiser Shipyards. In World War II, Richmond built more ships than any other shipyard, turning out as many as three ships in a single day. The shipyards are part of the Rosie the Riveter/World War II Home Front National Historical Park, whose Rosie the Riveter memorial honors the shipyard workers. Shipyard #3 is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and is a California Historical Landmark # 1032.
2021–22 Israel State Cup
The 2021–22 Israel State Cup (Hebrew: גביע המדינה, Gvia HaMedina) is the 83rd season of Israel's nationwide Association football cup competition and the 67th after the Israeli Declaration of Independence. The competition stated in August 2021.

Israel State Cup
The Israel State Cup (Hebrew: גביע המדינה, Gvia HaMedina), is a knockout cup competition in Israeli football, run by the Israel Football Association (IFA).

The State Cup was first held in 1928 as the People's Cup. Because it involves clubs of all standards playing against each other, there is the possibility for "minnows" from the lower divisions to become "giant-killers" by eliminating top clubs from the tournament, although lower division teams rarely reach the final.

The last below the top-flight club to make the final was Maccabi Netanya in 2014, they have since been promoted to the Israeli Premier League.

Hapoel Be'er Sheva are the current Israel State Cup holders, having beaten Beitar Jerusalem 2–0 in the final for their fourth title.

Maccabi Tel Aviv have 24 titles, holding the record for most titles won. Hapoel Tel Aviv in 1937–1939 and 2010–2012 are the only club to have retained the State Cup for three consecutive seasons.
HM Prison Hollesley Bay
HM Prison Hollesley Bay, known locally as Hollesley Bay Colony (to which signposts still point) or simply The Colony, is a Category D men's prison and Young Offender Institution, located in the village of Hollesley, about 8 miles (13 km) from the town of Woodbridge in Suffolk, England. The prison is operated by His Majesty's Prison Service.

Borstal Boy
Borstal Boy is a 1958 autobiographical book by Brendan Behan. The story depicts a young, fervently idealistic Behan, who loses his naïveté over the three years of his sentence to a juvenile borstal, softening his radical Irish republican stance and warming to his British fellow prisoners.   From a technical standpoint, the novel is chiefly notable for the art with which it captures the lively dialogue of the Borstal inmates, with a variety of the many subtly distinctive accents of Britain and Ireland intact on the page. Ultimately, Behan demonstrated by his skillful dialogue that working class Irish Catholics and English Protestants actually had more in common with one another through class than they had supposed, and that alleged barriers of religion and ethnicity were merely superficial and imposed by a fearful middle class.

The book was banned in Ireland for unspecified reasons in 1958; the ban expired in 1970.

The book was reissued by David R. Godine in 2000.
Aleksandr Bushkov
Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Bushkov (Russian: Александр Александрович Бушков; 5 April 1956 – 29 September 2025) was a Russian author who wrote books in the genres of science fiction, crime fiction, popular history and non-fiction. In his belletristic, published in literary and popular journals, Bushkov had been critical of conventional academic approaches in fields such as history and evolutionary biology. As indicated on the personal webpage of the author, his total number of volumes published (all works and all editions) exceeds 17 million.

Popular history
Popular history, also called pop history, is a broad genre of historiography that takes a popular approach, aims at a wide readership, and usually emphasizes narrative, personality and vivid detail over scholarly analysis. The term is used in contradistinction to professional academic or scholarly history writing which is usually more specialized and technical and thus less accessible to the general reader.
Great Chesterford
Great Chesterford is a village and civil parish in the Uttlesford district of Essex, England. The village is 3 miles (5 km) north-west of Saffron Walden, its post town, 10 miles (16 km) south from Cambridge and about 25 miles (40 km) northwest from the city and Essex county town of Chelmsford. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 1,775.

The Icknield Way Path passes through the village on its 110 miles (180 km) route between Ivinghoe Beacon in Buckinghamshire and Knettishall Heath in Suffolk. The Icknield Way Trail, a route for walkers, horse riders and cyclists also passes through.

Knettishall Heath
Knettishall Heath is a 91.7-hectare (227-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest west of Knettishall in Suffolk, England. A larger area of 176 hectares is the Knettishall Heath Nature Reserve, which is managed by the Suffolk Wildlife Trust.

Despite its name, Knettishall Heath is in fact a diverse mosaic of habitats with woodland and riverside meadows, as well as large areas of heath.
Tod Lippy
Tod Lippy (born 1963 in Baltimore, Maryland) is an American artist, designer, writer, editor and musician. Lippy received an M.A. from the Williams College Graduate Program in the History of Art in 1988, and an M.A. in cinema studies from New York University in 1990. He joined the editorial staff at Print magazine in 1991, eventually becoming the magazine's senior editor. Lippy co-founded and edited Scenario: The Magazine of Screenwriting Art (1994–97) and the arts zine publicsfear (1992–93). His 2000 book, Projections 11: New York Film-Makers on Film-Making, was published by Faber & Faber. In 2003, he established the Esopus Foundation Ltd., a 501(c)(3) arts organization.

Film theory
Film theory is a set of scholarly approaches within the academic discipline of film or cinema studies that began in the 1920s by questioning the formal essential attributes of motion pictures; and that now provides conceptual frameworks for understanding film's relationship to reality, the other arts, individual viewers, and society at large. Film theory is not to be confused with general film criticism, or film history, though these three disciplines interrelate. Although some branches of film theory are derived from linguistics and literary theory, it also originated and overlaps with the philosophy of film.
Plasmalogen synthase
In enzymology, a plasmalogen synthase (EC 2.3.1.25) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

acyl-CoA + 1-O-alk-1-enyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine  CoA + plasmenylcholine

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are acyl-CoA and 1-O-alk-1-enyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine, whereas its two products are CoA and plasmenylcholine.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those acyltransferases transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is acyl-CoA:1-O-alk-1-enyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine 2-O-acyltransferase. Other names in common use include lysoplasmenylcholine acyltransferase, O-1-alkenylglycero-3-phosphorylcholine acyltransferase, and 1-alkenyl-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine:acyl-CoA acyltransferase.  This enzyme participates in ether lipid metabolism.

Acyl-CoA
Acyl-CoA is a group of CoA-based coenzymes that metabolize carboxylic acids. Fatty acyl-CoA's are susceptible to beta oxidation, forming, ultimately, acetyl-CoA. The acetyl-CoA enters the citric acid cycle, eventually forming several equivalents of ATP.  In this way, fats are converted to ATP, the common biochemical energy carrier.
Hypostomus hondae
Hypostomus hondae is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the drainage basins of Lake Maracaibo and the Magdalena River. It is known to feed on detritus containing algae. The species reaches 35 cm (13.8 inches) SL and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.

Detritus
In biology, detritus (/dəˈtraɪtəs/ or /ˈdɛtrɪtəs/) is organic matter made up of the decomposing remains of organisms and plants, and also of feces. Detritus usually hosts communities of microorganisms that colonize and decompose (remineralise) it. Such microorganisms may be decomposers, detritivores, or coprophages.

In terrestrial ecosystems detritus is present as plant litter and other organic matter that is intermixed with soil, known as soil organic matter. The detritus of aquatic ecosystems is organic substances suspended in the water and accumulated in depositions on the floor of the body of water; when this floor is a seabed, such a deposition is called marine snow.
55th/56th/57th Street station
55th–56th–57th Street is a commuter rail station in Hyde Park, Chicago that serves the Metra Electric Line north to Millennium Station and south to University Park, Blue Island, and South Chicago; and the South Shore Line to Gary and South Bend, Indiana. The South Shore Line calls the station 57th Street. It is the closest station to the Museum of Science and Industry, and also serves the residential neighborhood adjoining the University of Chicago. As of 2018, the station is the 39th busiest of Metra's 236 non-downtown stations, with an average of 1,133 weekday boardings.

South Shore Line
The South Shore Line (reporting mark NICD) is an electrically powered commuter rail line operated by the Northern Indiana Commuter Transportation District (NICTD) between Millennium Station in downtown Chicago, Illinois, and the South Bend Airport station in South Bend, Indiana, United States. The name refers to both the physical line and the service operated over that route. It primarily serves the Indiana portion of the Chicago metropolitan area.

The line was built in 1901–1908 by predecessors of the Chicago South Shore and South Bend Railroad, which continues to operate freight service. Passenger operation was assumed by the NICTD in 1989, who also purchased the track in 1990. The South Shore Line is one of the last surviving non-Amtrak interurban trains in the United States. In 2025, the system had a ridership of 2,029,900, or about 6,300 per weekday as of the fourth quarter of 2025.
Pearl (surname)
Pearl is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Barry Pearl (born 1950), American actor

Bill Pearl (1930–2022), American professional bodybuilder and athlete

Bruce Pearl (born 1960), American college basketball coach

Daniel Pearl (1963–2002), American journalist who was kidnapped and murdered in Pakistan

Judea Pearl (born 1936), computer scientist and philosopher

Julian Pearl (born 1999), American football player

Leslie Pearl (born 1952), U.S. songwriter

Matthew Pearl (born 1975), American novelist

Minnie Pearl (1912–1996), American country comedian

Nancy Pearl (born 1945), American librarian

Perry Diamond Pearl (born c. 1824), American politician

Raymond Pearl (1879–1940), American biologist

Shosha Pearl, pen name of an anonymous Orthodox Jewish writer

Steven Pearl (born 1987), American basketball coach and son of Bruce˜

Tara Eden Pearl, American businesswoman

Tara Eden Pearl
Tara Eden Pearl is an American entrepreneur, business strategist and real estate executive who has founded several companies.  She designed and manufactured a line of furniture pieces, distributed through wholesale channels as well as her own retail chain stores. 
Edie Cohen of the Chicago Tribune credited her with launching a multimillion-dollar futon industry in the United States, and creating what has been called the "Western" or "American Futon"—prior to her 21st birthday. In addition to her other business interests, Pearl is currently an executive and a founder of Universal Medical Access Corporation, a Palm Beach, Florida-based health information technology firm.
Plethiandra
Plethiandra is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Melastomataceae.

Its native range is Western Malesia.

Species:

Plethiandra beccariana Merr.

Plethiandra cuneata Stapf

Plethiandra hookeri Stapf

Plethiandra motleyi Hook.f.

Plethiandra robusta (Cogn.) Nayar

Plethiandra sessiliflora Merr.

Plethiandra sessilis Stapf

Plethiandra tomentosa G.Kadereit

Malesia
Malesia is a biogeographical region straddling the Equator and the boundaries of the Indomalayan and Australasian realms. It is a phytogeographical floristic region in the Paleotropical kingdom. It was first recognized as a distinct region in 1857 by Heinrich Zollinger, a Swiss botanist and explorer. The precise boundaries used to define Malesia vary. The broadly defined area used in Flora Malesiana consists of the countries of Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Brunei, the Philippines, Timor-Leste and Papua New Guinea. The original definition by the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) covered a similar area, but New Guinea and some offshore islands were split off as Papuasia in its 2001 version.