hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Herbert Warburton
Herbert Birchby Warburton (September 21, 1916 – July 30, 1983) was an American lawyer and politician from Wilmington, in New Castle County, Delaware, and Frankford, in Sussex County, Delaware. He was a veteran of World War II, and a member of the Republican Party, and served as U.S. Representative from Delaware.

Sussex County, Delaware
Sussex County is a county in the southern part of the U.S. state of Delaware, on the Delmarva Peninsula. As of the 2020 census, the population was 237,378, making it the state's second most populated county behind New Castle and ahead of Kent. The county seat is Georgetown.

The first European settlement in the state of Delaware was founded by the Dutch in 1631 near the present-day town of Lewes on the Atlantic Coast. However, Sussex County was not organized until 1683 under English colonial rule.

Sussex County forms the Seaford, Delaware, Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Culture of Uzbekistan
The culture of Uzbekistan has a wide mix of ethnic groups and cultures, with the Uzbeks being the majority group. In 1995, about 71.5% of Uzbekistan's population was Uzbek. The chief minority groups were Russians (8.4%), Tajiks (officially 5%, but believed 10%), Kazaks (4.1%), Tatars (2.4%), and Karakalpaks (2.1%), and other minority groups include Armenians and Koryo-saram. It is said however that the number of non-indigenous people living in Uzbekistan is decreasing as Russians and other minority groups slowly leave and Uzbeks return from other parts of the former Soviet Union.

Karakalpaks
The Karakalpaks, or Qaraqalpaqs (/ˈkærəkɑːlpɑːks, -pæks/ ⓘ; Karakalpak: Qaraqalpaqlar, Қарақалпақлар, قاراقلپقلر), are a Turkic ethnic group native to Karakalpakstan in Northwestern Uzbekistan. During the 18th century, they settled in the lower reaches of the Amu Darya and in the (former) delta of Amu Darya on the southern shore of the Aral Sea. The name Karakalpak comes from two words: qara meaning 'black' and qalpaq meaning 'hat'. The Karakalpaks number nearly 871,970 worldwide, out of which about 726,000 live in the Karakalpakstan region of Uzbekistan.
Pulse-frequency modulation
Pulse-frequency modulation (PFM) is a modulation method for representing an analog signal using only two levels (1 and 0). It is analogous to pulse-width modulation (PWM), in which the magnitude of an analog signal is encoded in the duty cycle of a square wave. Unlike PWM, in which the width of square pulses is varied at a constant frequency, PFM fixes the width of square pulses while varying the frequency.  In other words, the frequency of the pulse train is varied in accordance with the instantaneous amplitude of the modulating signal at sampling intervals. The amplitude and width of the pulses are kept constant.

Analog signal
An analog signal (American English) or analogue signal (British and Commonwealth English) is any signal, typically a continuous-time signal, representing some other quantity, i.e., analogous to another quantity. For example, in an analog audio signal, the instantaneous signal voltage varies in a manner analogous to the pressure of the sound waves.

In contrast, a digital signal represents the original time-varying quantity as a sampled sequence of quantized numeric values, typically but not necessarily in the form of a binary value. Digital sampling imposes some bandwidth and dynamic range constraints on the representation and adds quantization noise.

The term analog signal usually refers to electrical signals; however, mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic, and other systems may also convey or be considered analog signals.
Ason
Ason (朝臣, Ason, Asomi) was a hereditary noble title in Japan, used mainly between the Asuka and Heian periods. At first, it was the second highest, below Mahito, which was given to members of the Imperial family, but after the Heian period it became the highest of the eight noble titles: Ason, Mahito, Sukune, Imiki, Michinoshi, Omi, Muraji, and Inagi.

Emperor Kanmu
Emperor Kanmu (桓武天皇, Kammu-tennō; 735 – 9 April 806), or Kammu, was the 50th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. Kammu reigned from 781 to 806, and it was during his reign that the scope of the emperor's powers reached its peak. His reign saw the transition from the Nara period to the Heian period.
Al-ras (drum)
The Al-Ras drum is a large drum used in the battle dance Ayyala, a folk dance of Oman, Qatar and U.A.E. The Al-ras leads the dance and sets the beat for the smaller Takhamir drums that follow, and is said to be from Ras Al Khaimah, as suggested by the name. There are many different shapes and sizes of drums. The biggest is called R'as (head). The drum is made by Bull skins while the sides of drums are made through Jackfruit.

Folk dance
A folk dance is a dance that reflects the life of the people of a certain country or region. Not all ethnic dances are folk dances. For example, ritual dances or dances of ritual origin are not considered to be folk dances. Ritual dances are usually called "religious dances" because of their purpose.

The terms "ethnic" and "traditional" are used when it is required to emphasize the cultural roots of the dance. In this sense, nearly all folk dances are ethnic ones. If some dances, such as polka, cross ethnic boundaries and even cross the boundary between "folk" and "ballroom dance", ethnic differences are often considerable enough to mention.
Dactylotum bicolor
Dactylotum bicolor, also known as the rainbow grasshopper, painted grasshopper, or the barber pole grasshopper, is a species of grasshopper in the family Acrididae. It is native to the United States, Canada and northern Mexico and exhibits aposematism (warning coloration). It was first described by the German entomologist Toussaint de Charpentier in 1843.

Acrididae
Acrididae are the predominant family of grasshoppers, comprising some 10,000 of the 11,000 species of the entire suborder Caelifera. The Acrididae are best known because all locusts (swarming grasshoppers) are of the Acrididae. The subfamily Oedipodinae is sometimes classified as a distinct family Oedipodidae in the superfamily Acridoidea. Acrididae grasshoppers are characterized by relatively short and stout antennae (so they may be called "short-horned grasshoppers"), and tympana on the side of the first abdominal segment.
Tanya Osborne
Tanya Lesley Osborne (born 2 April 1971) is a former Australian rugby union player. She represented Australia and was a member of the squad to the 1998 Rugby World Cup.

Osborne was born and raised in Cunnamulla, Queensland. She was working for Australia Post when she was selected to play for the Wallaroos.

Osborne made her international debut for Australia in the 1996 Laurie O'Reilly Cup test match against the Black Ferns. She made her final appearance for the Wallaroos in 2001 against England at Sydney.

Osborne joined the Australian Army in 2018 and served with A Battery, 1st Regiment, Royal Australian Artillery which is based at Gallipoli Barracks in Brisbane.

Enoggera Barracks
Enoggera Barracks (also known as Gallipoli Barracks) is an Australian Army base in the northwestern Brisbane suburb of Enoggera in Queensland, Australia. It was officially established in the early 20th century when the area was used for field training, although the area was used by military units as far back as the mid-19th century. Since then it has been developed into a modern military base, which is now home to units of the 7th and 11th Brigades as well as the headquarters of the 1st Division and the 16th Aviation Brigade.
322 Phaeo
322 Phaeo is an asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 70 kilometers (43 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 27 November 1891, by French astronomer Alphonse Borrelly at the Marseille Observatory in southern France. The presumably metallic X-type asteroid is the principal body of the Phaeo family and has a rotation period of 17.6 hours. It was named for the Greek mythological figure Phaeo, one of the Hyades or nymphs. Several other asteroids were named for other of the Hyades – 193 Ambrosia, 158 Koronis, 217 Eudora, and 308 Polyxo.

Hyades (mythology)
In Greek mythology, the Hyades (/ˈhaɪ.ə.diːz/; Ancient Greek: Ὑάδες, romanized: Hyádes, popularly "rain-makers" or "the rainy ones"; from ὕω, hýō, 'I fall as rain', but probably from ὗς, hŷs, 'swine') are a sisterhood of nymphs that bring rain.
Ad valorem tax
An ad valorem tax (Latin for "according to value") is a tax whose amount is based on the value of a transaction or of a property. It is typically imposed at the time of a transaction, as in the case of a sales tax or value-added tax (VAT). An ad valorem tax may also be imposed annually, as in the case of a real or personal property tax, or in connection with another significant event (e.g., inheritance tax, expatriation tax, or tariff). In some countries, a stamp duty is imposed as an ad valorem tax.

Expatriation tax
An expatriation tax or emigration tax is a tax on persons who cease to be tax-resident in a country. This often takes the form of a capital gains tax against unrealised gain attributable to the period in which the taxpayer was a tax resident of the country in question. In most cases, expatriation tax is assessed upon change of domicile or habitual residence; in the United States, which is one of only three countries (Eritrea and Myanmar are the others) to substantively tax its overseas citizens, the tax is applied upon relinquishment of American citizenship, on top of all taxes previously paid. Australia has "Deemed disposal tax" which in essence is exit tax.
Blow-up lemma
The blow-up lemma, proved by János Komlós, Gábor N. Sárközy, and Endre Szemerédi in 1997, is an important result in extremal graph theory, particularly within the context of the regularity method. It states that the regular pairs in the statement of Szemerédi's regularity lemma behave like complete bipartite graphs in the context of embedding spanning graphs of bounded degree.

Complete bipartite graph
In the mathematical field of graph theory, a complete bipartite graph or biclique is a special kind of bipartite graph where every vertex of the first set is connected to every vertex of the second set.

Graph theory itself is typically dated as beginning with Leonhard Euler's 1736 work on the Seven Bridges of Königsberg. However, drawings of complete bipartite graphs were already printed as early as 1669, in connection with an edition of the works of Ramon Llull edited by Athanasius Kircher. Llull himself had made similar drawings of complete graphs three centuries earlier.
Culley v. Marshall
Culley v. Marshall, 601 U.S. 377 (2024), is a case decided by Supreme Court of the United States regarding the timing of post-seizure probable cause hearings under the Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment. The Court was asked to determine whether the "speedy trial" test from Barker v. Wingo or the balancing test from Mathews v. Eldridge applies to a judicial-forfeiture proceeding.

The case was on appeal from the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit.

Case or Controversy Clause
The Supreme Court of the United States has interpreted the Case or Controversy Clause of Article III of the United States Constitution (found in Art. III, Section 2, Clause 1) as embodying two distinct limitations on exercise of judicial review: a bar on the issuance of advisory opinions, and a requirement that parties must have standing.

In this context, "controversy" means an actual dispute between the parties.
Beyond Blue
Beyond Blue is an Australian mental health and wellbeing support organisation. They provide support programs to address issues related to depression, suicide, anxiety disorders and other related mental illnesses.

The organisation works in partnership with governments, local health services, educational institutions, workplaces, media and community organisations, as well as the general community to raise community awareness about anxiety and depression and reduce the associated stigma. Beyond Blue was founded in 2000 by former premier of Victoria, Jeff Kennett. It is currently chaired by Linda Dessau, former Governor of Victoria. Dessau is supported by CEO Georgie Harman, and Interim Chair Kate Carnell.

Linda Dessau
Linda Marion Dessau AC CVO (born 8 May 1953) is an Australian jurist and barrister who served as the 29th governor of Victoria from 2015 to 2023. She was the first female and the first Jewish holder of the office. She was previously a judge of the Family Court of Australia from 1995 to 2013.
Vilma Jackson
Vilma Jackson is an English actor and performer. She is known for portraying the role of Charlie in Coronation Street. She is Deaf and a British Sign Language user. In 2020 Jackson wrote, produced, and performed in a short film, "Triple Oppression", which deals with the challenges she faces as Black, Deaf, and a woman. The short won for Best Inspirational Film at the New York Film Awards, the FilmCon Awards, the Festigious International Film Festival, and the Los Angeles Film Awards. In 2021 she launched her own chat show, available online.

British Sign Language
British Sign Language (BSL) is a sign language used in the United Kingdom and is the first or preferred language among the deaf community in the UK. Based on the percentage of people who reported 'using British Sign Language at home' on the 2011 Scottish Census, the British Deaf Association estimates there are 151,000 BSL users in the UK, of whom 87,000 are Deaf. People who are not deaf may also use BSL, as hearing relatives of deaf people, sign language interpreters or as a result of other contact with the British Deaf community. The language makes use of space and involves movement of the hands, body, face and head.
Faith For Our Planet
Faith For Our Planet (FFOP) is an NGO best known for its efforts to drive climate action by collaborating with faith leaders around the world and promoting faith-inspired sustainable practices. Duke Today called it "a non-governmental organization devoted to uniting faith communities around fighting the effects of climate change". FFOP has held several training workshops around the world and a fellowship program with Duke University for young faith and community leaders to promote climate conservation efforts.

Climate action
Climate action (or climate change action) refers to a range of activities, mechanisms, policy instruments, and so forth that aim at reducing the severity of human-induced climate change and its impacts. "More climate action" is a central demand of the climate movement. Climate inaction is the absence of climate action.
Mohammad Rahmati Sirjani
Grand Ayatollah Mohammad Rahmati Sirjani (Persian:  محمد رحمتی سیرجانی; born 1928) is an Iranian Twelver Shi'a Marja'.

He has studied in seminaries of Najaf, Iraq under Grand Ayatollah Muhsin al-Hakim and Abul-Qassim Khoei.

Muhsin al-Hakim
Muhsin al-Tabataba'i al-Hakim (Arabic: محسن الطباطبائي الحكيم, romanized: Muḥsin al-Ṭabāṭabāʾī al-Ḥakīm; 31 May 1889 – 2 June 1970) was an Iraqi Shia religious authority. He became the leading marja' of Najaf in 1946 after the death of Abu al-Hasan al-Isfahani, and of the majority of the Shia world in 1961, after the death of Hossein Borujerdi. He died in 1970.
Oriyur Pudhuvayal
Pudhuvayal, also known as Oriyur Pudhuvayal and was historically known as Udayanar Samuthram, is a small village in Tamil Nadu, India. It is located in the Tiruvadanai taluk of Ramanathapuram district, and comes under the administration of the Orur panchayat. It is 36 kilometers from Devakottai, Sivagangai(Dt). The majority community are Muslims by faith. There is Primary School in Pudhuvayal run by Government. The nearest school is the St. Arul Anandar School in Orur.

Devakottai
Devakottai is a first-grade municipality in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. Located in the Sivaganga district, the town is situated close to the Karaikudi, near Rameswaram National Highway Road (NH-210). It is one of the major cities comes under the Chettinad area with rich heritage of houses built with limestone called "Karai Veedu". This Region is one of the towns in Chettinad belt. The town is famous for its ancient temple Sri Meenakshi Sundareswarar temple also known as Nagara Sivan Kovil.

As of 2011, the town had a population of 51,865.
Ozark–St. Francis National Forest
The Ozark – St. Francis National Forest is a United States National Forest that is located in the state of Arkansas. It is composed of two separate forests, Ozark National Forest in the Ozark Mountains; and St. Francis National Forest on Crowley's Ridge. Each forest has distinct biological, topographical, and geological differences.

National Park Service ranger
National Park Service rangers are among the uniformed employees charged with protecting and preserving areas set aside in the National Park System by the United States Congress and the President of the United States. While all employees of the agency contribute to the National Park Service mission of preserving unimpaired the natural and cultural resources set aside by the American people for future generations, the term "park ranger" is traditionally used to describe all National Park Service employees who wear the uniform. Broadly speaking, all National Park Service rangers promote stewardship of the resources in their care—either voluntary stewardship via resource interpretation, or compliance with statute or regulation through law enforcement.  These comprise the two main disciplines of the ranger profession in the National Park Service.
Mark Cairns (footballer)
Mark Cairns (born 25 September 1969) is a Scottish football goalkeeper, who played for Heart of Midlothian, Berwick Rangers, East Stirlingshire, Gala Fairydean, Partick Thistle, Alloa Athletic, Brechin City, Queen's Park, Stirling Albion and Arbroath.

While at Alloa Cairns played in the 1999 Scottish Challenge Cup Final. The match went to penalties; Cairns saved two and also scored one himself as they defeated Inverness Caledonian Thistle.

Arbroath F.C.
Arbroath Football Club is a semi-professional Scottish football club based in the town of Arbroath, Angus. They currently play in the Scottish Championship. The club was founded in 1878 and plays home matches at Gayfield Park. They play in maroon strips and are nicknamed "The Red Lichties" due to the red light that used to guide fishing boats back from the North Sea to the Burgh's harbour. The Red Lichties share a long-standing and fierce rivalry with local neighbours Montrose, as well as with fellow local sides Forfar Athletic and Brechin City.
Ford Falcon (ED)
The Ford Falcon (ED) is a full-size car that was produced by Ford Australia from 1993 to 1994. It was the third iteration of the fifth generation of the Falcon and also included the Ford Fairmont (ED)—the luxury-oriented version.

Full-size car
Full-size car, also known as large car, is a vehicle size class which originated in the United States and is used for cars larger than mid-size cars. It is the largest size class for cars. In the United Kingdom, this class is referred to as the executive car, while in Europe, it is known as E-segment or F-segment.
Velyka Krucha
Velyka Krucha is a village in Lubny Raion, Poltava Oblast, Ukraine. It belongs to Pyriatyn urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. It was home to a military air base.

Until 18 July 2020, Velyka Krucha belonged to Pyriatyn Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Poltava Oblast to four. The area of Pyriatyn Raion was merged into Lubny Raion.

Lubny Raion
Lubny Raion (Ukrainian: Лубенський район) is a raion (district) in Poltava Oblast in central Ukraine. The raion's administrative center is the city of Lubny. Population: 184,616 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Poltava Oblast was reduced to four, and the area of Lubny Raion was significantly expanded.  The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 30,260 (2020 est.).
Austin Peay Governors women's basketball
The Austin Peay Governors women's basketball team represents Austin Peay State University (aka Peay) in Clarksville, Tennessee. The Governors currently compete in the ASUN Conference, having played in the Ohio Valley Conference until the 2021–22 season.

The 2022–23 season was not only Peay's first in the ASUN Conference, but also was its last at the Winfield Dunn Center. After that season, the Governors moved to the new F&M Bank Arena in downtown Clarksville. The new arena was originally intended to open for the 2022–23 season, but was delayed to July 2023.

Clarksville, Tennessee
Clarksville is a city in Montgomery County, Tennessee, United States, its county seat, and only incorporated municipality. The city had a population of 166,722 as of the 2020 census, making it the fifth-most populous city in Tennessee. It is the principal city of the Clarksville metropolitan area, which consists of Montgomery and Stewart counties in Tennessee and Christian and Trigg counties in Kentucky.

The city was founded in 1785 and incorporated in 1807, and named for General George Rogers Clark, frontier fighter and Revolutionary War hero, and brother of William Clark of the Lewis and Clark Expedition.

Clarksville is the home of Austin Peay State University; The Leaf-Chronicle, the oldest newspaper in Tennessee; and neighbor to the Fort Campbell, United States Army post. The site of the 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault), Fort Campbell is located about 10 miles (16 km) from downtown Clarksville and straddles the Tennessee-Kentucky state line.
100 Oaks Mall
100 Oaks Mall (sometimes written out as One Hundred Oaks Mall) is a shopping mall located three miles south of downtown Nashville, Tennessee along Interstate 65 and Tennessee State Route 155. Neighborhoods and cities around the area include Berry Hill, Woodbine and Oak Hill.

Interstate 65
Interstate 65 (I-65) is a major north–south interstate highway in the central United States. As with most primary interstates ending in 5, it is a major crosscountry, north–south route, connecting between the Great Lakes and the Gulf of Mexico. Its southern terminus is located at an interchange with I-10 in Mobile, Alabama, and its northern terminus is at an interchange with US 12 (US 12) and US 20 (the Dunes Highway) in Gary, Indiana, just southeast of Chicago. I-65 connects several major metropolitan areas in the Midwest and Southern US. It connects the four largest cities in Alabama: Mobile, Montgomery, Birmingham, and Huntsville. It also serves as one of the main north–south routes through Nashville, Tennessee; Louisville, Kentucky; and Indianapolis, Indiana, each the largest metropolitan area in their respective state.
David Fernández Borbalán
David Fernández Borbalán (born 30 May 1973) is a retired Spanish football referee. His first match officiating in La Liga was on 12 September 2004, between Levante UD and Racing de Santander.
Borbalán also refereed a key match in Synot liga season 2014–15 between AC Sparta Prague and FC Viktoria Plzeň on 9 May 2015.

He was chosen, upon validation from FIFA, to referee the 2018 Greek Cup Final between AEK and PAOK at the Olympic Stadium in Athens, amidst concerns over supporter riots and violence during the game and despite protests by Greek football chairmen and refereeing bodies over the appointment of non-Greek officials. Two weeks later, he took charge of his final La Liga fixture, a 1–0 win for RCD Espanyol over Athletic Bilbao at San Mamés in a match which meant little to the fortunes of the teams involved but was played at a venue specified as being preferred by the referee for his last appointment.

2017–18 Greek Football Cup
The 2017–18 Greek Football Cup was the 76th edition of the Greek Football Cup. A total of 33 clubs were accepted to enter. The competition commenced in September 2017 with the preliminary round and concluded on 12 May 2018 with the Final. PAOK won the competition for second consecutive year beating AEK Athens 2–0 in the final held at the Olympic Stadium.