hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Culture of Apulia
The culture of Apulia (Italian: Puglia), the region that constitutes the extreme southeast of the Italian peninsula, has had, since ancient times, mixed influences from the West and the East, due to its strategic position near the transition zone between these two cultural regions. Its location, on the west coast of the Adriatic and Ionian seas, the natural southern border between Western Europe and the Balkans and Greece, made it a bridge to the East since antiquity, and in the Middle Ages, it was a cultural frontier between the Roman-Germanic West and the Greek-Byzantine East.

Manfredonia
Manfredonia (Italian: [maɱfreˈdɔːnja]) is a town and commune of Apulia, Italy, in the province of Foggia, from which it is 35 kilometres (22 miles) northeast by rail. Manfredonia is situated on the coast, facing east, to the south of Monte Gargano, and gives its name to the gulf to the east of it. As of 2017 its population was 56,932.
Cherek Uprising (1913)
The 1913 Cherek Uprising was a peasant revolt that occurred in the Cherek Gorge of the Terek Oblast (present-day Kabardino-Balkaria), part of the Russian Empire, in July 1913. It was triggered by widespread discontent among Balkar peasants over the privatization and sale of communal forest lands by local feudal elites, known as taubii, particularly the Zhankhotov and Zhenokov families.

Cherek
The Cherek (Russian: Черек) is a river in Kabardino-Balkaria in Russia, a right tributary of the Baksan (Terek basin). The Cherek is 79 kilometres (49 mi) long and drains a basin of 3,070 square kilometres (1,190 sq mi). The Cherek is formed by the confluence of the Cherek-Balkarsky and Cherek-Khulamsky, both of which originate in the glaciers of the northern slopes of the Greater Caucasus, one of them being the Bezengi Glacier. The river Nalchik flows into the Urvan, which is a branch of the Cherek.
Bob Ross (Australian footballer)
Bob Ross (17 August 1908 – 3 July 1988) was an Australian rules footballer who played for Collingwood in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Ross was unable to establish himself in the Collingwood team from the limited opportunities that he got. Such was the strength of the side that they were premiers in the first two seasons Ross played and he only experienced a loss once. He wasn't picked in either finals series and after one game in 1931, left the club for the Victorian Football Association.

The rover became a decorated player at Northcote, with a Recorder Cup win in 1932. He was a member of four premiership teams, three of them in succession from 1932 to 1934 and the other in 1936.

Northcote Football Club
The Northcote Football Club (/ˈnoːθ.kət/), nicknamed the Dragons, was an Australian rules football club which played in the VFA from 1908 until 1987. The club's colours for most of its time in the VFA were green and yellow, and it was based in the Melbourne suburb of Northcote.
Muskurahat (1992 film)
Muskurahat (transl. Smile) is a 1992 Indian Hindi-language comedy-drama film directed by Priyadarshan, starring Jay Mehta, Revathi, Amrish Puri, Anil Dhawan, Sharat Saxena, Annu Kapoor and Jagdeep. It is a remake of Priyadarshan's own Malayalam film Kilukkam. It was initially supposed to star Aamir Khan and Pooja Bhatt.

Sharat Saxena
Sharat Saxena (born 17 August 1950) is an Indian actor who appears in Hindi films along with  English Telugu, Malayalam and Tamil films. He has acted in more than 250 Hindi films.
Saxena started his career in the early 1970s and has mainly played supporting roles.

He has starred in some of the most successful films of Hindi cinema like Mr. India, Tridev, Ghayal, Khiladi, Ghulam, Gupt: The Hidden Truth, Duplicate, Soldier, Baghban, Fanaa, Krrish, Ek Hi Raasta (1993), Bajrangi Bhaijan and many more. His performances in these films have established him as one of the best supporting actors in Hindi cinema.

He played the role of Kichaka in the television serial Mahabharat. He is well known for his roles in the movie, Mr. India and the comedy movie Phir Hera Pheri. He was also nominated for Filmfare Best Villain Award for Ghulam (1998).
Xiepu Road station
Xiepu Road (Chinese: 歇浦路) is a station that is part of Line 14 of the Shanghai Metro. Located at the intersection of Luoshan Road and Pudong Avenue in Pudong, the station opened with the rest of Line 14 on December 30, 2021. The station is located on the south side of the Yangpu Bridge. The name of the station comes from Xiepu Road, the road parallel to Luoshan Road.

Yangpu Bridge
The Yangpu Bridge (simplified Chinese: 杨浦大桥; traditional Chinese: 楊浦大橋; pinyin: Yángpǔ Dàqiáo) is a sister bridge to the Nanpu Bridge, both crossing the Huangpu River in Shanghai, China. Yangpu is among the world's longest bridges, with a total length of 8354 meters. Its longest span of 602 m makes it one of the longest cable-stayed bridges in the world. It carries the Inner Ring Road from the Yangpu District in Puxi to the Pudong New Area. It was completed in September 1993 and opened in October. It is the last vehicular bridge over the Huangpu River before the river empties into the sea.
Robert Miller (art dealer)
Robert Miller (April 17, 1939 – June 22, 2011) was an American art dealer.

Miller was born in Atlantic City, New Jersey in 1939. After an MFA from Rutgers University in 1963, he began his career in New York City as an artist; but by 1966 gave that up to become an art dealer. He worked for twelve years as an assistant to the art dealer André Emmerich. In 1977 he opened his own gallery on Fifth Avenue in New York City with his wife, Betsy Wittenborn Miller; it later moved to the Fuller Building on East 57th Street, and then to 26th Street in Chelsea, Manhattan.He showed work by the artists Louise Bourgeois, Lee Krasner, Joan Mitchell and Alice Neel, and by photographers such as Jan Groover, Robert Mapplethorpe, Diane Arbus, and Bruce Weber.

He retired in 2002, and died on June 22, 2011, aged 72, at his home in El Portal, Florida, from an infection. Patti Smith reflecting on her friend Robert Mapplethorpe thought Miller was a mentor to him.

Patti Smith
Patricia Lee Smith (born December 30, 1946) is an American singer, songwriter, poet, painter, author, and photographer. Her 1975 debut album Horses made her an influential member of the New York City–based punk rock movement. Smith has fused rock and poetry in her work. In 1978, her most widely known song, "Because the Night," co-written with Bruce Springsteen, reached number 13 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and number five on the UK Singles Chart.

In 2005, Smith was named a Commander of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres by the French Ministry of Culture. In 2007, she was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. In November 2010, Smith won the National Book Award for her memoir Just Kids, written to fulfill a promise she made to Robert Mapplethorpe, her longtime partner and friend. She is ranked 47th on Rolling Stone magazine's 100 Greatest Artists of all Time, published in 2010, and was awarded the Polar Music Prize in 2011.
Grajewo
Grajewo (pronounced [ɡraˈjɛvɔ]; Yiddish: גראיעווע, romanized: Grayeve) is a town in north-eastern Poland with 21,499 inhabitants (2016). It is the capital of Grajewo County within the Podlaskie Voivodeship. It is located within the historic region of Masovia, near the border with Podlachia and Masuria.

Podlachia
Podlachia, also known by its Polish name Podlasie (Polish: [pɔˈdlaɕɛ] ⓘ; Lithuanian: Palenkė; Belarusian: Падляшша, romanized: Padliashsha), is a historical region in north-eastern Poland. Its largest city is Białystok, whereas the historical capital is Drohiczyn.

Similarly to several other historical regions of Poland, e.g. Greater Poland, Lesser Poland, Mazovia, Pomerania, Silesia, Warmia, Podlachia possesses its own folk costumes, unique traditional architecture and cuisine. Between 1513 and 1795 it was a voivodeship with the capital in Drohiczyn. Now the part north of the Bug River is included in the modern Podlaskie Voivodeship with the capital in Białystok, whereas southern parts are located in the Masovian and Lublin Voivodeships.
NextWorth
NextWorth Solutions, Inc., was an electronics trade-in and recycling service. Users of the service exchange used electronics for cash or discounts on newer models. NextWorth was founded by business students at Babson College in 2005. It started as a commission-based service to help businesses setup online auctions for their used items, then changed its business model to focus on electronics trade-ins in 2006. As of late 2012, NextWorth was one of the best-known and largest electronics trade-in and recycling services in the United States, although it handles only a small percentage of total trade-in traffic.

The Massachusetts Secretary of the Commonwealth had signed the company's certificate of dissolution in June 2019. Although the company seemed to operate in some capacity for the next two years, NextWorth's website went dark in August 2021.

Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts
The secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts is a constitutional officer in the executive branch of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Originally appointed under authority of the English Crown pursuant to the Charter of the Massachusetts Bay Company, the office of secretary of the Commonwealth (equivalent to "secretaries of state" in other U.S. jurisdictions) became an elective one in 1780. Twenty-seven individuals have occupied the office of secretary of the Commonwealth over the ensuing centuries. The incumbent is William F. Galvin, a Democrat who has held the office since 1995.
Jesse Tannehill
Jesse Niles Tannehill (July 14, 1874 – September 22, 1956) was an American dead-ball era left-handed pitcher for the Cincinnati Reds, Pittsburgh Pirates, New York Highlanders, Boston Red Sox, and the Washington Senators. Tannehill was among the best pitchers of his era and was one of the best-hitting pitchers of all time, resulting in him being used in the outfield 87 times in his career.

Outfield
The outfield, in cricket, baseball and softball is the area of the field of play further from the batsman or batter than the infield. In association football (sin. soccer), the outfield players are positioned outside the goal area.
Arms and Sleepers
Arms and Sleepers is an American ambient/trip hop duo consisting of Max Lewis and Mirza Ramic. The band was formed in 2006 and has since released a handful of albums and EPs, including Bliss Was It in That Dawn to Be Alive, an EP released in 2006;  Black Paris 86, an album released in 2007; and  Matador, which was released in November 2009.

The band gives a cinematic experience when performing live, backing their music up with synchronised visuals created by Dado Ramadani.

Trip hop
Trip hop is a music genre defined as a psychedelic fusion of hip-hop and electronica with slow tempos and an atmospheric sound. The style emerged as a more experimental variant of breakbeat from the Bristol sound scene of the late 1980s and early 1990s, incorporating influences from jazz, soul, funk, dub, rap, as well as sampling from movie soundtracks and other eclectic sources.

Pioneering trip hop acts include Massive Attack, UNKLE, Tricky, and Portishead. The term was first coined in a 1994 Mixmag piece about American producer DJ Shadow. Trip hop achieved commercial success in the 1990s, and has been described as "Europe's alternative choice in the second half of the '90s".
Bulgarian Revival
The Bulgarian Revival (Bulgarian: Българско възраждане, romanized: Balgarsko vazrazhdane, Turkish: Bulgar ulus canlanması), also called the Bulgarian National Revival, was a period of socio-economic development and national integration among Bulgarian people under Ottoman rule. It is commonly accepted to have started with the historical book, Istoriya Slavyanobolgarskaya, written in 1762 by Paisius, a Bulgarian monk of the Hilandar monastery at Mount Athos, leading to the National awakening of Bulgaria and the modern Bulgarian nationalism, and lasting until the creation of autonomous status for Bulgaria with the formation of the Principality of Bulgaria in 1878 as a result of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878.

Ivan Vazov
Ivan Minchov Vazov (Bulgarian: Иван Минчов Вазов; 9 July [O.S. 27 June] 1850 – 22 September 1921) was a Bulgarian poet, novelist, and playwright, often referred to as "the Patriarch of Bulgarian literature". He was born in Sopot, a town in the Rose Valley of Bulgaria (then part of the Ottoman Empire). The works of Ivan Vazov reveal two historical epochs - the Bulgarian Renaissance and the Post-Liberation (from Ottoman Empire rule) epoch. Ivan Vazov holds the highest honorary title of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences - Academician. He acted as Education and People Enlightenment Minister from September 7, 1897, until January 30, 1899, representing the People's Party.
Griffith Waratah Tigers
The Griffith Waratah Tigers are a rugby league football club based in the town of Griffith, in the Riverina region of New South Wales, Australia. Since 1964 the club has competed in Group 20 in South Western NSW, which is governed by the NSW Rugby League (formerly Country Rugby League) The Waratah Tigers are the most successful team in the history of Group 20, winning 13 First Grade premierships.

Andrew Fifita
Andrew Fifita  (born 28 June 1989) is a former professional rugby league footballer who played as a prop. He has played for Tonga and Australia at international level.

Fifita previously played for the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks and Wests Tigers in the National Rugby League, and has played at representative level for the Indigenous All Stars, New South Wales City Origin and New South Wales in the State of Origin series.

Fifita is known for his tackle-breaks, strong fend and his step. He was a part of the Cronulla team that won their maiden premiership title in the 2016 season, scoring the equalising try that led to the game winning conversion from James Maloney.
Chad Wiseman
Chad Wiseman (born March 25, 1981) is a Canadian professional ice hockey coach and former player. As a player, he played 9 games in the National Hockey League for the San Jose Sharks and New York Rangers between 2003 and 2005. After retiring in 2015, he became the head coach and general manager of the New York/Metropolitan Riveters of the National Women's Hockey League from 2015 to 2018. He was the head coach for the Guelph Storm of the Ontario Hockey League from 2022 to 2024.

Sarnia Sting
The Sarnia Sting are a junior ice hockey team based in Sarnia, Ontario, Canada. They are one of the 20 teams that make up the Ontario Hockey League. They play out of the Progressive Auto Sales Arena (formerly the Sarnia Sports and Entertainment Centre).

On January 22, 2015, NHL forward David Legwand, who played for the Ottawa Senators at the time, and former NHL defenseman Derian Hatcher entered an agreement to purchase the Sarnia Sting.  The transfer of ownership was approved by the OHL Board of Governors and completed on March 4, 2015.
Aditya Gadhvi
Aditya Gadhvi (born 3 April 1994) is a playback singer and lyricist from Gujarat, India. He has rendered numerous chart-topping songs in various Indian languages. He is involved in Gujarati film scoring and has released a number of singles. Among his recent notable tracks are Khalasi, Rang Morla, the Gujarat Titans anthem Aava De, and several others.

Playback singer
A playback singer, as they are usually known in South Asian cinema, or ghost singer in Western cinema, is a vocalist whose performance is pre-recorded for use in film. Playback singers record songs for soundtracks, and the actors lip-sync the songs for camera; the actual playback singer does not get filmed or appear on screen. Generally, to synchronise with the emotional situation of the song or complete film, the playback singer is given an idea or emotional context of that part of the film so that they can interpret by taking the right moves in their vocals.
Thelma Glass
Thelma Glass (May 16, 1916 – July 24, 2012) was an American civil rights activist, noted for helping to organize the Montgomery bus boycott of 1955, and a professor of geography at Alabama State University. She was also an advocate for geography education in Black educational systems.

Montgomery bus boycott
The Montgomery bus boycott was a political and social protest campaign against the policy of racial segregation on the public transit system of Montgomery, Alabama. It was a foundational event in the civil rights movement in the United States. The campaign lasted from December 5, 1955 – the Monday after Rosa Parks, an African-American woman, was arrested for her refusal to surrender her seat to a white person – to December 20, 1956, when the federal ruling Browder v. Gayle, a United States Supreme Court decision that declared the Alabama and Montgomery laws that segregated buses were unconstitutional, took effect.
Cervi
Cervi is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Al Cervi (1917–2009), American basketball player

Bernardino Cervi, Italian scholar

Dominic Cervi (born 1986), American soccer player

Federico Cervi (born 1961), Italian fencer

Franco Cervi (born 1994), Argentine footballer

Gino Cervi (1901–1974), Italian actor

Valentina Cervi (born 1976), Italian film actress

Cervi Brothers, Italian anti-fascists

Franco Cervi
Franco Emanuel Cervi (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈfɾaŋko emaˈnwel ˈseɾβi]; 26 May 1994) is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a left winger or left wing-back for La Liga club Celta de Vigo.
Market overhang
Market overhang is a term derived from the physical world meaning things that stick out or hang over another thing. Often from the viewpoint of standing beneath an 'overhang' there is shade provided by a protrusion from the adjacent vertical domain, such as a tree or building.

In marketing, overhanging the market relates to the business practice of announcing a new product or a new business strategy by a company in an adjacent space to the target. To be an overhang in this context, the following conditions must exist: the announcer is a market leader in the adjacent space; the new product is not ready for release at the time of the announcement; the market is new and standards are not yet clearly defined; and, the goal is to forestall competitor growth by encouraging customers to wait for the new product.

Customer
In sales, commerce, and economics, a customer (sometimes known as a client, buyer, or purchaser) is the recipient of a good, service, product, or an idea, obtained from a seller, vendor, or supplier via a financial transaction or an exchange for money or some other valuable consideration.
Rajiv Ghai
Lieutenant General  Rajiv Ghai, SYSM, UYSM, AVSM, SM** is a senior general officer in the Indian Army serving as Deputy Chief of Army Staff (Strategy). He previously served as the Director General of Military Operations (DGMO). He has held various command and strategic positions, particularly in the region of Jammu and Kashmir.

Sarvottam Yudh Seva Medal
The Sarvottam Yudh Seva Medal (Ultimate War Service Medal) is India's highest wartime distinguished service decoration. It is awarded for the highest degree of distinguished service in an operational context, which includes times of war, conflict, or hostilities. The award is a war-time equivalent of the Param Vishisht Seva Medal, which is India's highest peacetime distinguished service decoration. The medal has been awarded to only 10 officers of the Indian Armed Forces.
25th Mountain Battery
The 25th Mountain Battery was an artillery battery of the British Indian Army. Raised in 1827, as the Bombay Foot Artillery, the 25th is the oldest Indian Mountain Battery, and the only one that served in the Second Sikh War at the Siege of Multan. The 25th was also the first Battery to serve outside India, when it took part in the 1868 Expedition to Abyssinia. They next took part in the Second Burmese War. In 1896, the Battery was back in Africa, taking part in the Battle of Suakin in the Sudan Campaign. By 1897, the Battery had returned to the Frontier, and served in the Second Division of the Tirah Campaign. In World War I, The 25th served on the Frontier, the Persian Seistan Cordon in 1917 and during the last mopping up operations in the Mesopotamia Campaign in 1917–1918. During the inter-war years, the 25th only saw active service against the Fakir of Ipi in the Waziristan campaign 1936–1939.

Waziristan campaign (1936–1939)
The Waziristan campaign 1936–1939 comprised a number of operations conducted in Waziristan by the British Indian Army against the fiercely independent tribesmen that inhabited this region. These operations were conducted in 1936–1939, when operations were undertaken against followers of a tribal chief and adversary to the British Raj Mirzali Khan, also known by the British as the "Faqir of Ipi", a religious and political agitator who was spreading anti-British sentiment in the region and undermining the prestige of the Indian government in Waziristan at the time.
Moturi Satyanarayana
Moturi Satyanarayana (2 February 1902 – 6 March 1995) was an Indian independence activist alongside Mohandas Gandhi until 1947 and then a member of the Constituent Assembly of India which drafted the Indian Constitution. He was a nominated member of the Rajya Sabha till 1966. He was instrumental in making Hindi an official language in the Indian Constitution, while tolerating the other major Indian languages. He devoted his later life to helping spread Hindi in South India.

Andhra University
Andhra University is a public university located in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India. It was established in 1926 by the Andhra University Act, 1925 (Madras Act II of 1926). It is graded as an A++ institution by National Assessment and Accreditation Council, receiving a score of 3.74 on a scale of 4.
Mega Man (1994 TV series)
Mega Man, known in Japan as Rockman USA (ロックマンUSA) is a science fiction superhero animated television series co-produced by Ruby-Spears Productions and Ashi Productions, and based on the video game series of the same name by Capcom. It aired from September 11, 1994 to January 19, 1996, with two seasons and twenty-seven episodes. A spin-off based on Mega Man X was planned, but did not go through.

The rights to the series are currently owned by Shochiku.

Lists of animated television series
These are lists of animated television series. Animated television series are television programs produced by means of animation. Animated series produced for theaters are not included in this lists; for those, see List of animated short film series. These lists include compilation series of theatrical shorts such as The Bugs Bunny Show since they often feature some new wrap-around animation.
Nuisance candidate
In the Philippines, a nuisance candidate is an official term for an aspirant candidate for a public office whose certificate of candidacy was not accepted by the Commission on Elections (COMELEC) either motu proprio by the election body itself or upon a verified petition of an interested party.

Motu proprio
In law, motu proprio (Latin for 'on his own impulse') describes an official act taken without a formal request from another party. Some jurisdictions use the term sua sponte for the same concept.

In Catholic canon law, it refers to a document issued by the pope on his own initiative and personally signed by him. Such a document may be addressed to the whole church, to part of it, or to some individuals. The first papal motu proprio was promulgated by Pope Innocent VIII in 1484. It continues to be a common form of papal rescript, especially when establishing institutions, making minor changes to law or procedure, and when granting favours to persons or institutions.