hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Anglophone pronunciation of foreign languages
The following is a list of common non-native pronunciations that English speakers make when trying to speak foreign languages. Many of these are due to transfer of phonological rules from English to the new language as well as differences in grammar and syntax that they encounter.

This article uses International Phonetic Alphabet pronunciation. See Help:IPA pronunciation key and IPA chart for English for an introduction.

Syntax
In linguistics, syntax (/ˈsɪntæks/ SIN-taks) is the study of how words and morphemes well-formed combine to form larger units such as phrases and sentences. Central concerns with syntax include word order, grammatical relations, hierarchical sentence structure (constituency), agreement, the nature of crosslinguistic variation, and the relationship between form and meaning (semantics). Diverse approaches, such as generative grammar and functional grammar, offer unique perspectives on syntax, reflecting its complexity and centrality to understanding human language.
Rock Show (album)
Rock Show is a live album by American rock band Toadies.  It is a recording of the final show of the band's "Second Coming" reunion tour. It was recorded by DiscLive at the Greenville Avenue St. Patrick's Day parade in Dallas, Texas.  The album was released immediately following the show.  It is a limited edition CD-R with only 5000 copies having been burned. The album was later released to online music stores such as iTunes Store and Amazon MP3 on September 16, 2008 by Kirtland Records.

Digital music store
A digital music store is a business that sells digital audio files of music recordings over the Internet. Customers gain ownership of a license to use the files, in contrast to a music streaming service, where they listen to recordings without gaining ownership. Customers pay either for each recording or on a subscription basis. Online music stores generally also offer partial streaming previews of songs, with some songs even available for full length listening. They typically show a picture of the album art or of the performer or band for each song. Some online music stores also sell recorded speech files, such as podcasts, and video files of movies.
Discovery and development of NS5A inhibitors
Nonstructural protein 5A (NS5A) inhibitors are direct acting antiviral agents (DAAs) that target viral proteins, and their development was a culmination of increased understanding of the viral life cycle combined with advances in drug discovery technology. However, their mechanism of action is complex and not fully understood. NS5A inhibitors were the focus of much attention when they emerged as a part of the first curative treatment for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in 2014. Favorable characteristics have been introduced through varied structural changes, and structural similarities between NS5A inhibitors that are clinically approved are readily apparent. Despite the recent introduction of numerous new antiviral drugs, resistance is still a concern and these inhibitors are therefore always used in combination with other drugs.

Mechanism of action
In pharmacology, the term mechanism of action (MOA) refers to the specific biochemical interaction through which a drug substance produces its pharmacological effect.  A mechanism of action usually includes mention of the specific molecular targets to which the drug binds, such as an enzyme or receptor. Receptor sites have specific affinities for drugs based on the chemical structure of the drug, as well as the specific action that occurs there.

Drugs that do not bind to receptors produce their corresponding therapeutic effect by simply interacting with chemical or physical properties in the body. Common examples of drugs that work in this way are antacids and laxatives.

In contrast, a mode of action (MoA) describes functional or anatomical changes, at the cellular level, resulting from the exposure of a living organism to a substance.
Slantsevsky District
Slantsevsky District (Russian: Сла́нцевский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Leningrad Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast and borders with Ida-Viru County of Estonia in the west, Kingiseppsky District in the north, Volosovsky District in the northeast, Luzhsky District in the east, Plyussky District of Pskov Oblast in the south, and Gdovsky District, also of Pskov Oblast, in the southwest. The area of the district is 2,191.1 square kilometers (846.0 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Slantsy. Population (excluding the administrative center): 10,038 (2010 census); 10,480 (2002 Census); 10,974 (1989 Soviet census).

Pskov Oblast
Pskov Oblast (Russian: Пско́вская о́бласть, romanized: Pskovskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in the west of the country. Its administrative center is the city of Pskov. As of the 2021 Census, its population was 599,084.
Skootamatta Lake
Skootamatta Lake is a lake in the Lake Ontario drainage basin in Addington Highlands, Lennox and Addington County, Ontario, Canada. It is 2.7 kilometres (1.7 mi) west of Cloyne, and Bon Echo Provincial Park is located just to the north. The lake's name is thought to come from Ojibwa words meaning "burnt shoreline".

Lennox and Addington County
Lennox and Addington County is a county and census division of the Canadian province of Ontario. The county seat is Greater Napanee. It is located in the subregion of Southern Ontario named Eastern Ontario.

Around the middle of the 19th century, the Addington Road was built by the province to encourage settlement in the northern sections of the county.
TMS (production team)
TMS are an English songwriting and record production team composed of Benjamin Kohn and Pete 'Merf' Kelleher. Tom 'Froe' Barnes was a member until early 2025. The duo have co-written records for a host of artists including Lewis Capaldi, Dua Lipa, Maroon 5, John Legend, David Guetta, Alicia Keys, and Raye. They have collectively had twenty top 10 singles, sold over 15 million records, accumulated over 5 billion streams and have contributed to over fifty top 40 albums. They co-wrote and produced Lewis Capaldi's "Someone You Loved" which spent seven consecutive weeks at number one and was the best selling single of 2019 in the UK. The song was nominated for Song of the Year at the 63rd annual Grammy Awards and won Song of the Year at the 2020 Brit Awards.

Read All About It, Pt. III
"Read All About It, Pt. III" is a song by Scottish recording artist Emeli Sandé, from her debut album, Our Version of Events (2012). The song was written by Sandé, Professor Green, Iain James, Tom Barnes, Ben Kohn and Pete Kelleher and produced by Gavin Powell. It is a sequel to the 2011 hit single "Read All About It", which appears on Professor Green's second studio album, At Your Inconvenience (2011). The song was first performed at the 2012 Summer Olympics closing ceremony. It has received positive reviews from critics.
Hero (2009 TV series)
Hero (Korean: 히어로) is a 2009 South Korean action-comedy television series about passionate reporters working for a third-rate newspaper who fight against corruption and inequality in society. Starring Lee Joon-gi, Yoon So-yi, Um Ki-joon and Baek Yoon-sik, it aired on MBC from November 18, 2009, to January 14, 2010, on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 21:55 for 16 episodes.

Jang Young-nam
Jang Young-nam (Korean: 장영남; born November 25, 1973) is a South Korean actress. She is skilled in both comedic and dramatic roles and easily transitions between different genres and mediums, including theater, television, and film. Her notable supporting film roles include A Werewolf Boy and Hello Ghost. In 2013, she took on her first leading film role in the crime thriller Azooma. Her performance in the film earned her the Best Actress Award from the Director's Guild at the 17th Busan International Film Festival (BIFF).

Jang began her career in theater before moving to supporting roles in television and film. She was a member of the Korean theater troupe Mokhwa Repertory Company. She is also a member of "Jang Jin's Division" (장진사단), a term used to describe actors who frequently appear in the works of director Jang Jin. She was also an original cast member of the live sketch comedy show Saturday Night Live Korea.
Hakodate City Museum of Northern Peoples
Hakodate City Museum of Northern Peoples (函館市北方民族資料館, Hakodate-shi Hoppō Minzoku Shiryōkan) first opened as the Hakodate City Museum of Northern Peoples and Ishikawa Takuboku (函館市北方民族・石川啄木資料館) in Hakodate, Hokkaidō, Japan in 1989. Located in the former Bank of Japan Hakodate Branch building of 1926, after the transfer out of materials relating to the poet to the Hakodate City Museum of Literature (函館市文学館), the museum reopened in its current guise in April 1993. It displays objects that were formerly part of the collection of the Hakodate City Museum (市立函館博物館), including materials relating to the Orok as well as 750 items used in the daily life of the Ainu that have been jointly designated an Important Tangible Folk Cultural Property.

Bank of Japan
The Bank of Japan (日本銀行, Nippon Ginkō; BOJ) is the central bank of Japan. The bank is often called Nichigin (日銀) for short. It is headquartered in Nihonbashi, Chūō, Tokyo.

The said bank is a corporate entity independent of the Japanese government, and while it is not an administrative organisation of the state, its monetary policy falls within the scope of administration. From a macroeconomic perspective, long-term stability of prices is deemed crucial. However, the political sector tends to favour short-term measures. Thus, the bank's autonomy and independence are granted from the standpoint of ensuring long-term public welfare and political neutrality.
I Told You So (Count Basie album)
I Told You So is a 1976 album recorded at RCA studios, New York City on January 12, 13 and 14 1976 and released in 1976, featuring Count Basie and his orchestra. All the titles were arranged by Bill Holman. Sound engineer was Bob Simpson and the tape editor was Ben Jordan. The producer was Norman Granz.

The disc was issued on the Pablo Records label and marketed by Polydor.

Norman Granz
Norman Granz (August 6, 1918 – November 22, 2001) was an American jazz record producer and concert promoter. He founded the record labels Clef, Norgran, Down Home, Verve, and Pablo and the Jazz at the Philharmonic concert series. Granz was acknowledged as "the most successful impresario in the history of jazz". He was also a champion of racial equality, insisting, for example, on integrating audiences at concerts he promoted.
Channel 4 virtual TV stations in Canada
The following television stations operate on virtual channel 4 in Canada:

CBAT-DT in Fredericton, New Brunswick

CBOT-DT in Ottawa, Ontario

CFCM-DT in Quebec City, Quebec

CFCN-DT in Calgary, Alberta

CFRS-DT in Saguenay, Quebec

CFSK-DT in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan

CFTF-DT-4 in Forestville, Quebec

CHAU-DT-7 in Rivière-au-Renard, Quebec

CHFD-DT in Thunder Bay, Ontario

CIII-DT-4 in Owen Sound, Ontario

CIMT-DT-1 in Edmundston, New Brunswick

CITL-DT in Lloydminster, Alberta/Saskatchewan

CKRN-DT in Rouyn-Noranda, Quebec

CFCM-DT
CFCM-DT (channel 4) is a television station in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, owned and operated by the French-language network TVA. The station's studios are located on de l'Exposition Street near the Videotron Centre in the Quebec City borough of La Cité-Limoilou, and its transmitter is located atop Édifice Marie-Guyart, in downtown Quebec City.

Until 2011, the station's transmitter facilities previously also hosted the transmitter for CBVE-TV (channel 5), the now-defunct local rebroadcaster of Montreal's CBMT-DT, when that station relocated to CBVT-DT's former analog channel (VHF channel 11), which broadcasts from Mount Bélair.
Gislaine
Gislaine Cristina Souza da Silva (born 22 August 1988), commonly known as Gislaine, is a Brazilian football defender who currently plays for Fluminense, and has played for the Brazil women's national team. A zagueira (transl. central defender), she joined Corinthians in 2018 after spending 13 years with São José. A year later, she moved on to Santos.

São José Esporte Clube (women)
São José Esporte Clube, commonly known as just São José, is a Brazilian women's football club, based in the city of São José dos Campos, São Paulo state, Brazil. They won the Copa Libertadores Femenina three times and the Copa do Brasil twice.
Tore Lennartsson
Tore "Turbo" Lennartsson, (born November 29, 1952) is a Swedish former footballer. He was known as a fast runner and scorer. He was playing in the team of Gefle IF that advanced to the Swedish premier league Allsvenskan in 1982.

Lennartsson managed Sandvikens IF and now works as a sport teacher in Gävle and as an instructor at Gästrikland's football federation.

Gästrikland
Gästrikland (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈjɛ̌sːtrɪkland] ⓘ) is a historical province or landskap on the eastern coast of Sweden. It borders Uppland, Västmanland, Dalarna, Hälsingland and the Gulf of Bothnia. Gästrikland is the southernmost and the most densely populated of the Norrland  provinces.

The Latin name of the province is Gestricia. Before 1900, the spelling Gestrikland was also used in Swedish.
Rohini (actress)
Rohini Molleti, known professionally as Rohini, is an Indian actress, screenwriter, dubbing artist, and lyricist. She has mainly acted in Malayalam, Tamil and Telugu films along with few Kannada films. Having started her acting career at five, she has about 130 films to her credit. She received National Film Award – Special Mention and Andhra Pradesh state Nandi Special Jury Award for Best Performance as Rangi in the 1995 film Stri.

Maalai Pozhudhin Mayakathilaey
Maalai Pozhudhin Mayakathilaey (transl. Entranced by dusk) is a 2012 Indian Tamil-language independent romance film written and directed by Narayan Nagendra Rao in his debut. Produced by C. H. Mayuri Shekar of Sri Lakshmi Narasimha Creations, it stars Aari Arujunan and Shubha Phutela in her only acting credit, with Subbu Panchu, R. S. Shivaji, Balaji Venugopal, Tejasvini and Karunakaran in pivotal roles. Set in real time, it follows two strangers, played by Aari and Phutela, falling in love after meeting in a coffee shop. The music was composed by Achu, cinematography was handled by Gopi Amarnath and editing by M. Thiyagarajan. The film was released on 27 July 2012.
Basler Läckerli
The Basler Läckerli (also Leckerli or Läggerli, lecker meaning "delicious" in German and -li being a diminutive suffix) is a traditional hard spice biscuit originating from Basel, Switzerland. It is made of honey, hazelnuts, almonds, candied peel, and Kirsch. After baking in a thin layer, the still hot dough is topped with a sugar glaze and cut into rectangular pieces.

Basler Läckerli were originally created by local spice merchants over 700 years ago and are available year-round.

Hazelnut
The hazelnut is the fruit of the hazel tree and therefore includes any of the nuts deriving from species of the genus Corylus, especially the nuts of the species Corylus avellana. They are also known as cobnuts or filberts according to species.

Hazelnuts are used as a snack food, in baking and desserts, and in breakfast cereals such as muesli. In confectionery, they are used to make praline, and also used in combination with chocolate for chocolate truffles and products such as chocolate bars and hazelnut cocoa spreads such as Nutella. They are also used in Frangelico liqueur. Hazelnut oil, pressed from hazelnuts, is strongly flavored and high in monounsaturated fat. It is used as a cooking oil and as a salad or vegetable dressing.

In 2023, Turkey was the world's largest producer of hazelnuts, accounting for 57.7% of total production.
Anticrepuscular rays
Anticrepuscular rays, or antisolar rays, are  meteorological optical phenomena similar to crepuscular rays, but appear opposite the Sun in the sky. Anticrepuscular rays are essentially parallel, but appear to converge toward the antisolar point, the vanishing point, due to a visual illusion from linear perspective.

Anticrepuscular rays are most frequently visible around dawn or dusk. This is because the atmospheric light scattering that makes them visible (backscattering) is larger for low angles to the horizon than most other angles. Anticrepuscular rays are dimmer than crepuscular rays because backscattering is less than forward scattering.

Anticrepuscular rays can be continuous with crepuscular rays, curving across the whole sky in great circles.

Optical phenomenon
Optical phenomena are any observable events that result from the interaction of light and matter.

All optical phenomena coincide with quantum phenomena. Common optical phenomena are often due to the interaction of light from the Sun or Moon with the atmosphere, clouds, water, dust, and other particulates. One common example is the rainbow, when light from the Sun is reflected and refracted by water droplets. Some phenomena, such as the green ray, are so rare they are sometimes thought to be mythical. Others, such as Fata Morganas, are commonplace in favored locations.

Other phenomena are simply interesting aspects of optics, or optical effects. For instance, the colors generated by a prism are often shown in classrooms.
Nine maidens (mythology)
Many cultures around the world have stories about groups of nine women. In Great Britain they occur in a variety of situations. In Scotland there are references to Nine Maidens, purportedly a group of, and there were a number of wells dedicated to them, but like all similar groupings would appear to have had their origin in pre-Christian times. In Arthurian material, the best known of these groups are the Nine sorceresses, Morgan and her sisters who live on the Isle of Avalon and are both seeresses and healers. Another group occur in the Welsh tale of Peredur son of Efrawg, and these are the armed witches of Caer Loyw. Also in Welsh mythology, we have nine maidens who tend the fire below the Cauldron of the "Chief of Annwn"; this cauldron is the target of Arthur’s raid on the Underworld in Taliesin’s famous poem Preiddeu Annwfn.

Rán
In Norse mythology, Rán (in Old Norse: [ˈrɒːn]) is a goddess and personification of the sea. Rán and her husband Ægir, a jötunn who also personifies the sea, and the two together produced nine daughters who personify the waves. The goddess is frequently associated with a net, which she uses to capture sea-goers. According to the prose introduction to a poem in the Poetic Edda and in Völsunga saga, Rán once loaned her net to the god Loki.

Rán is attested in the Poetic Edda, compiled during the 13th century from earlier traditional sources; the Prose Edda, written during the 13th century by Snorri Sturluson; in both Völsunga saga and Friðþjófs saga hins frœkna; and in the poetry of skalds, such as Sonatorrek, a 10th-century poem by Icelandic skald Egill Skallagrímsson.
Ukraine in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2017
Ukraine was represented at the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2017 which will be held in Tbilisi, Georgia on 26 November 2017. Their entrant was selected through a national selection, organized by the Ukrainian broadcaster NTU. The semi-final took place on 8 August 2017, where the 27 eligible submissions performed in front of a jury, and then they chose ten artists to qualify to the final, which took place on 25 August 2017. As a result, Anastasiya Baginska won the Ukrainian selection and got the right to represent Ukraine in Tbilisi, Georgia with the song "Don't Stop (Ne zupyniay)".

Television in Ukraine
Television has a long history in Ukraine, where regular television broadcasting started during the Soviet years in 1951. However the first ever TV broadcast took place on 1 February 1939 in Kyiv. Since then TV broadcasting has expanded, particularly after the fall of Communism in 1989, and now there are many different channels and groups in the Ukrainian TV market.
Drežniške Ravne
Drežniške Ravne (pronounced [ˈdɾeːʒniʃkɛ ˈɾáːwnɛ]; Italian: Raune di Dersenza) is a settlement in the Municipality of Kobarid in the Littoral region of Slovenia.

The local church is dedicated to Saint Matthew and dates to 1511. The church itself with some of its furnishings was damaged in an earthquake in 1998, but this also revealed traces of late Gothic frescos on the walls.

Slovene Littoral
Littoral

Carniola: 2a Upper, 2b Inner, 2c Lower

Carinthia

Styria

Prekmurje

The Slovene Littoral, or simply Littoral (Slovene: Primorska, pronounced [pɾiˈmóːɾska] ⓘ; Italian: Litorale; German: Küstenland), is one of the traditional regions of Slovenia. The littoral in its name – for a coastal-adjacent area – recalls the former Austrian Littoral (Avstrijsko Primorje), the Habsburg possessions on the upper Adriatic coast, of which the Slovene Littoral was part. Today, the Littoral is often associated with the Slovenian ethnic territory that, in the first half of the 20th century, found itself in Italy to the west of the Rapallo Border, which separated a quarter of Slovenes from the rest of the nation, and was strongly influenced by Italian fascism.
Nuhu Yaqub
Nuhu Omeiza Yaqub (3 March 1951 – 4 January 2025) was a Nigerian political science scholar. He was the former Vice-Chancellor of the University of Abuja (UNIABUJA) from June 2004 to 2009 and later as the pioneer Vice-Chancellor of Sokoto State University.

Scholar
A scholar is a person who is a researcher or has expertise in an academic discipline. A scholar can also be an academic, who works as a professor, teacher, or researcher at a university. An academic usually holds an advanced degree or a terminal degree, such as a master's degree or a doctorate. Independent scholars and public intellectuals work outside the academy yet may publish in academic journals and participate in scholarly public discussion.
Capability-oriented strategic modelling
A capability is an ability that an organization, person, or system possesses. Capabilities are typically expressed in general and high-level terms and typically require a combination of organization, people, processes, and technology to achieve. For example, marketing, customer contact, and outbound telemarketing are examples of capabilities.

Telemarketing
Telemarketing (sometimes known as inside sales, or telesales in the UK and Ireland) is a method of direct marketing in which a salesperson solicits prospective customers to buy products, subscriptions or services, either over the phone or through a subsequent face to face or web conferencing appointment scheduled during the call. Telemarketing can also include recorded sales pitches programmed to be played over the phone via automatic dialing.

Telemarketing refers to the practice of contacting, qualifying, and soliciting prospective customers through telecommunications technologies, including telephone, fax, and internet communications. It does not encompass direct mail marketing.
Laver (surname)
Laver is an English surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arnold Laver, British timber merchant

Arthur Laver (1880–1965), South African cricket umpire

Augustus Laver (1834–1898), Canadian architect

Basil Laver (1894–1934), British surgeon

Frank Laver (1869–1919), Australian cricketer and baseball player

Jack Laver (1917–2017), Australian cricketer

James Laver (1899–1975), English fashion historian, writer, and curator

John Laver (1938–2020), British phonetician

Les Laver (1900–1982), Australian rules footballer

Richard Laver (1942–2012), American mathematician known for his work in set theory

Rod Laver (born 1938), Australian tennis player

Rudolph Laver (1872–1946), German-Australian electrical engineer

John Laver
John David Michael Henry Laver, CBE, FBA, FRSE (20 January 1938 – 6 May 2020) was a British phonetician. He was Deputy Principal & Deputy Vice Patron  as well as Emeritus professor of speech sciences at Edinburgh’s Queen Margaret University, and served as president of the International Phonetic Association from 1991 to 1995.