hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Regional Transportation Authority (Illinois)
The Regional Transportation Authority (RTA) is the financial and oversight body for the three transit agencies in northeastern Illinois; the Chicago Transit Authority (CTA), Metra, and the Pace Suburban Bus, which are called "Service Boards" in the Regional Transportation Authority Act.   RTA serves Cook, DuPage, Kane, Lake, McHenry and Will counties.

The RTA system provides nearly 2 million rides per day, making it the third largest public transportation system in North America. The RTA provides several services to the public, including the RTA Travel Information line at 836-7000 from all Chicago area area codes, an automated trip planner, and "try transit" advertising.

Under state legislation passed in 2025, it will be replaced by the Northern Illinois Transit Authority.

Regulation
Regulation is the management of complex systems according to a set of rules and trends. In systems theory, these types of rules exist in various fields of biology and society, but the term has slightly different meanings according to context. For example:

in government, typically regulation (or its plural) refers to the delegated legislation which is adopted to enforce primary legislation; including land-use regulation

in economy: regulatory economics

in finance: financial regulation

in business, industry self-regulation occurs through self-regulatory organizations and trade associations which allow industries to set and enforce rules with less government involvement; and,

in biology, gene regulation and metabolic regulation allow living organisms to adapt to their environment and maintain homeostasis;

in psychology, self-regulation theory is the study of how individuals regulate their thoughts and behaviors to reach goals.
MCA Inc.
MCA Inc., originally an initialism for Music Corporation of America, was an American media conglomerate that operated from 1924 to December 6, 1996. Originally a talent agency with artists in the music business as clients, the company became a major force in the film industry and later expanded into television production. MCA published music, booked acts, ran the MCA Records music label, represented film, television and radio stars, and eventually produced and sold television programs to the three major television networks, especially NBC.

MCA was the legal predecessor of Vivendi Universal and its successor NBCUniversal. Its other legal successor is Universal Music Group Holding Corp, a holding company owned by Universal Music Group (which absorbed PolyGram).

Media conglomerate
A media conglomerate, media company, media group, or media institution is a company that owns numerous companies involved in mass media enterprises, such as music, television, radio, publishing, motion pictures, video games, amusement parks, or the Internet. Despite ownership over several companies and diverse mediums, by definition, media conglomerates only maintain holdings over media and not other enterprises.

Some media conglomerates use their access in multiple areas to share various kinds of content such as: news, video and music, between users. The media sector's tendency to consolidate has caused formerly diversified companies to appear less diverse to prospective investors in comparison with similar companies that are traded publicly and privately. Therefore, the term media group may also be applied, however, it has not yet replaced the more traditional term.
Chorus of the elderly in classical Greek drama
The chorus of the elderly in classical Greek drama is a common trope in the theater of that period. Out of the thirty or so plays that are extant from the classical period, seven have choruses that consist of elderly people. Choruses in ancient drama often provided some moralizing lesson to the protagonist, especially in tragedy. However, the figures of the elderly chorus often seem to imply a traditional way of thinking that has become outdated with time, or, in some cases, provide a model of inefficacy. As history progressed from the early stages of Greek drama (with Aeschylus) the chorus became more integrated with the happenings on stage, rendering the chorus a messenger between the world of the audience and that of the actors.

Literary device
In writing and speaking, a literary device, literary technique, rhetorical device, stylistic device, or trope is any deliberate strategy of using language that an author or orator employs to be more effective at achieving some purpose. This purpose may be: to focus or guide the audience's attention, to make the language or its content memorable, or to evoke a particular emotional, rational, aesthetic, or other response.

Literary devices are classifiable into sub-categories, such as narrative devices, poetic devices, argumentative devices, linguistic schemes or templates, or other techniques distinct to certain forms of language. They can be difficult to cleanly classify, however, as many are common across multiple such forms and can intersect under various categories, such as figures of speech.
Ger Challa
Gerrit "Ger" Challa (born 18 December 1928) is a Dutch chemist. He was professor of chemistry and polymer technology at the University of Groningen from 1965 to 1993.

Challa was born in Amsterdam. He studied chemistry between 1946 and 1953. He worked ten years for the Institute of Cellulose Research of the Algemene Kunstzijde Unie. Challa obtained his title of doctor in maths and physics on 13 May 1959 under Jan Ketelaar at the University of Amsterdam. His thesis was titled: "Formation of polyethylene terephthalate by ester interchange : equilibria kinetics and molecular weight distribution". After starting as professor at the University of Groningen he set the possibility to study polymer chemistry. Challa also developed the research department.

He was elected a member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1986. Since 1998 he is also an honorary member of the Royal Netherlands Chemical Society.

Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
The Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (Dutch: Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, abbr. KNAW) is an organization dedicated to the advancement of science and literature in the Netherlands. The academy is housed in the Trippenhuis in Amsterdam.

In addition to various advisory and administrative functions it operates a number of research institutes and awards many prizes, including the Lorentz Medal in theoretical physics, the Dr Hendrik Muller Prize for Behavioural and Social Science and the Heineken Prizes.
Ringelspitz
The Ringelspitz (in German), also known as Piz Barghis (in Romansh), is a mountain of the Glarus Alps, located on the border between the Swiss cantons of St. Gallen and the Grisons (Graubünden). It is split between three municipalities: Pfäfers (St. Gallen), Trin and Tamins (both in the Grisons). Reaching a height of 3,248 metres (10,656 ft) above sea level, it is the highest summit in the canton of St. Gallen.

The Ringelspitz is the culminating point of a range, about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) long, running from west to east and diverging from the main chain of the Glarus Alps between Piz Sardona and Piz Segnas. The massif separates the Calfeisen valley in the canton of St. Gallen from the Alpine Rhine Valley near Flims, the Grisons. The north side of the mountain consists of nearly 2,000 metres (6,600 ft) high precipitous cliffs overlooking the Gigerwaldsee (1,335 m [4,380 ft]). It is separated from the Calanda, located east of Ringelspitz, by the Kunkels Pass.

Pfäfers
Pfäfers is a municipality in the Wahlkreis (constituency) of Sarganserland in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. The villages belonging to this municipality include: Pfäfers, St. Margrethenberg, Vadura, Valens, Vasön, and Vättis.
2019–20 Wright State Raiders men's basketball team
The 2019–20 Wright State Raiders men's basketball team represented Wright State University in the 2019–20 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Raiders, led by fourth-year head coach Scott Nagy, played their home games at the Nutter Center in Fairborn, Ohio as members of the Horizon League. They finished the season 25–7, 15–3 in Horizon League play to be regular season Horizon League champions. They lost in the semifinals of the Horizon League tournament to UIC. As regular season league champions who failed to win their league tournament, they received an automatic bid to the National Invitation Tournament. However, the NIT, and all other postseason tournament, were cancelled amid the COVID-19 pandemic.

2019–20 UIC Flames men's basketball team
The 2019–20 UIC Flames men's basketball team represented the University of Illinois at Chicago in the 2019–20 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Flames, led by fifth-year head coach Steve McClain, played their home games at Credit Union 1 Arena in Chicago, Illinois as members of the Horizon League. The finished the season 18–17, 10–8 in Horizon League to play to finish in a tie for fourth place. As the No. 4 seed in the Horizon League tournament, they defeated IUPUI, Youngstown State, and top-seeded Wright State to advance to the championship game. There they lost to Northern Kentucky.

Shortly after the season, the school announced that head coach Steve McClain would not return as coach of the Flames. A couple of weeks later, the school named Texas assistant coach Luke Yaklich as the Flames' new coach.
Neocrepidodera motschulskii
Neocrepidodera motschulskii is a species of flea beetle from Chrysomelidae family that can be found everywhere in Europe except for Albania, Andorra, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Moldova, Monaco, Romania, San Marino, Spain, Switzerland, Vatican City, Yugoslavian states, and various European islands.

Flea beetle
The flea beetle is any small, jumping beetle of the leaf beetle family (Chrysomelidae) that is part of the tribe Alticini, which is part of the subfamily Galerucinae. Historically the flea beetles were classified as their own subfamily.

Traditionally, the Alticini were separated from other Galerucinae by the presence of jumping hind legs, characterised by enlarged femora containing a spring structure allowing the flea beetles to jump. Recent phylogenetic studies suggest that jumping hind legs evolved multiple times in the Galerucinae, rather than once, and that several genera should be transferred between Alticini and Galerucinae sensu stricto (or Galerucini in some classifications).
Sheik Chinna Moulana
Sheik Chinna Moulana (12 May 1924, in Karavadi, Prakasam district, Andhra Pradesh – 13 April 1999, in Srirangam, Tamil Nadu), popularly known as Sheik, was a legendary nadhaswaram player in the Carnatic tradition. He was awarded the Madras Music Academy's Sangeetha Kalanidhi in 1998. He achieved high position through his outstanding control over the instrument, rendering the Krities in the Gayaki style and for his extraordinary style of Raga Alapana.

Madras Music Academy
Madras Music Academy is one of the earliest established music academies in South India. Before the concept of infrastructure was introduced to India in the early 1920s, it was a gathering for elite musicians simply called (and is still more commonly referred to as) Music Academy (Tamil: சங்கீத வித்வத் சபை, sangeetha vidhwadh sabai) It plays an important role in encouraging and promoting primarily the Carnatic Music Indian art form. It played a vital role in the revival of the Indian classical dance form of Bharatnatyam in the 1930s when it faced near extinction due to a negative connotation caused by conservative societal standards.

They also run a music school called the Teachers college of Carnatic Music which has many eminent musicians on its faculty. Musicians such as Tiger Varadachariar, Appa Iyer, Valadi Krishnaiyer and Mudicondan Venkatarama Iyer adorned the chair of Principal of the Teacher's College.
Bill Kennedy (politician)
James William Kennedy (8 July 1919 – 3 March 2001) was an Australian politician and a Country Party member of the New South Wales Legislative Council from 1971 to 1984.

Kennedy was born in Murrumbeena, Melbourne. He served in the Royal Australian Air Force from 1940 to 1946 and joined the Country Party on his return in 1947, then farmed and directed a company. In 1956 he was elected to Taree Municipal Council. He was its mayor and served on several local councils from 1965 to 1971.

In 1971, Kennedy was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Council. He served until 1984 and died in Taree in 2001.

Taree
Taree (/tɑːriː/) is a town on the Mid North Coast, New South Wales, Australia. It and nearby Cundletown were settled in 1831 by William Wynter. Since then it has grown to a population of 26,381, and commands a significant agricultural district. Situated on a floodplain by the Manning River, it is 16 km from the Tasman Sea coast, and 317 km north of Sydney.

Taree is within the local government area of Mid-Coast Council, the state electorate of Myall Lakes and the federal electorate of Lyne.
The Real Housewives of New Jersey season 2
The second season of The Real Housewives of New Jersey, an American reality television series, was broadcast on Bravo. It aired from May 3, 2010 until September 6, 2010, and was primarily filmed in Franklin Lakes, New Jersey. Its executive producers are Rebecca Toth Diefenbach, Valerie Haselton, Lucilla D'Agostino, Jim Fraenkel, Omid Kahangi, Caroline Self, Tess Gamboa Meyers and Andy Cohen.

The Real Housewives of New Jersey focuses on the lives of Dina Manzo, Teresa Giudice, Jacqueline Laurita, Caroline Manzo and Danielle Staub. It consisted of eighteen episodes.

This season marked the final regular appearance of Danielle Staub. It also marked the first departure of Dina Manzo. She eventually returned for the show’s 6th season.

Jacqueline Laurita
Jacqueline Elizabeth Laurita (née Grippe, formerly Holmes; born April 26, 1970)  is an American television personality and spokeswoman on autism issues, known for starring in The Real Housewives of New Jersey (2009–14, 2016).
Essay on the Life of Seneca
Essay on the Life of Seneca (French: Essai sur Sénèque) was one of the final works of Denis Diderot. It contains an analysis of the life and works of Seneca, criticism of La Mettrie and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, autobiographical notes, and a tribute to modern America. It was published in 1779. In 1782 a revised and expanded version of this essay titled Essay on the Reigns of Claudius and Nero (French: Essai sur les règnes de Claude et de Néron) was published.

Philosophes
The philosophes (French for 'philosophers') were the intellectuals of the 18th-century European Enlightenment. Few were primarily philosophers; rather, philosophes were public intellectuals who applied reason to the study of many areas of learning, including philosophy, history, science, politics, economics, and social issues. They had a critical eye and looked for weaknesses and failures that needed improvement. They promoted a "Republic of Letters" that crossed national boundaries and allowed intellectuals to freely exchange books and ideas. Most philosophes were men, but some were women.

They strongly endorsed progress and tolerance, as they distrusted organized religion (most were deists) and feudal institutions. Many contributed to Diderot's Encyclopédie. They faded away after the French Revolution reached a violent stage in 1793.
2015 Munster Senior Hurling Championship final
The 2015 Munster Senior Hurling Championship final was a hurling match which was played on 12 July 2015 at Semple Stadium, Thurles. The winners would advance to the semi-finals of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, with the loser going into the All-Ireland quarter-finals.
Tipperary and Waterford contested the final, with Tipperary winning the title on a 0-21 to 0-16 scoreline.
The win was Tipperary's 41st Munster Senior title and first since 2012.

Waterford county hurling team
The Waterford county hurling team represents Waterford in hurling and is governed by Waterford GAA, the county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association. The team competes in the three major annual inter-county competitions; the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, the Munster Senior Hurling Championship and the National Hurling League.

Waterford's home grounds are Walsh Park, Waterford, and Fraher Field, Dungarvan. The team's manager is Peter Queally.

The team last won the Munster Senior Championship in 2010, the All-Ireland Senior Championship in 1959 and the National League in 2022.

The team is nicknamed the Déise men.
Ruyi (scepter)
A ruyi (Chinese: 如意; pinyin: Rúyì; lit. 'as desired', 'as [you] wish') is a Chinese curved decorative object that serves as either a ceremonial scepter in Chinese Buddhism or a talisman symbolizing power and good fortune in Chinese folklore. The "ruyi" image frequently appears as a motif in Asian art.

A traditional ruyi has a long S-shaped handle and a head fashioned like a fist, cloud, or lingzhi mushroom. ruyi are constructed from diverse materials. For example, the Palace Museum in Beijing has nearly 3,000 ruyi variously made of gold, silver, iron, bamboo, wood, ivory, coral, rhinoceros horn, lacquer, crystal, jade, and precious gems.

Lingzhi (mushroom)
Lingzhi (Ganoderma sichuanense), also known as reishi, is a polypore fungus ("bracket fungus") native to East Asia belonging to the genus Ganoderma.

Its reddish brown, varnished, kidney-shaped cap with bands and peripherally inserted stem give it a distinct fan-like appearance.  When fresh, the lingzhi is soft, cork-like, and flat. It lacks gills on its underside, and instead releases its spores via fine pores (80–120 μm) in yellow colors.

In nature, it grows at the base and stumps of deciduous trees, especially maples.  Only two or three out of 10,000 such trees will have lingzhi growth, and therefore its wild form is rare.  Lingzhi may be cultivated on hardwood logs, sawdust, or woodchips.

The lingzhi mushroom is used in traditional Chinese medicine.
Clavaria globospora
Clavaria globospora is a species of coral fungus in the family Clavariaceae. It was first formally described as a new species by American mycologist Calvin Henry Kauffman in 1928. The type was collected by Kauffman at Lake Quinault in Washington. The fruit body is cream-buff, reaching heights of 6–8 cm (2.4–3.1 in) with a thickness of 1.5–2 mm. He noted that the fungus grew on very rotten conifer wood in swampy forest. The species name globospora derives from its spherical ("globose") spores, which measure 5–6 μm.

Calvin Henry Kauffman
Calvin Henry Kauffman (March 1, 1869–1931) was an American botanist and mycologist. A fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, he was affiliated with the University of Michigan from 1904 until his death, and was known for his studies of the family Agaricaceae.

The standard author abbreviation Kauffman is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
Donald Hunter (footballer, born 1927)
Donald Hunter (10 March 1927 – 26 March 2008) was a professional footballer, who played for Huddersfield Town, Halifax Town & Southport. He was born in Thorne, Doncaster. Then went on to open butchers and sausage factory Hampton road Southport.

Thorne, South Yorkshire
Thorne is a market town and civil parish in the City of Doncaster in South Yorkshire, England.   It was historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire until 1974. It has a population of 16,592, increasing to 17,295 at the 2011 Census.
Černjul
Černjul or Cernjul is a South Slavic surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Carmen Cernjul (born 2007), Swedish runner

Maruša Černjul (born 1992), Slovene athlete

Tino Černjul (born 1973), Croatian handballer

Maruša Černjul
Maruša Černjul (born 30 June 1992) is a Slovenian athlete specialising in the high jump. She represented her country at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro without qualifying for the final.

Her personal bests in the event are 1.93 metres outdoors (Celje 2016) and 1.90 metres indoors (Lincoln 2016).
Dewe (woreda)
Dewe is one of the Districts of Ethiopia, or woredas, in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Administrative Zone 5, Dewe is located near the base of the eastern escarpment of the Ethiopian Highlands, and bordered on the south by  the Borkana River which separates it from Dalifage and Hadale'ela, on the west by the Amhara Region, on the north by Telalak, and on the east by Administrative Zone 3. The major settlement in this woreda is Wedarage. Dewe was the seat of the Sultanate of Dewe, one of the Afar's traditional sultanates in the Afar Region.

The average elevation in this woreda is 802 meters above sea level. Rivers in this woreda include the Awash, which divides it into eastern and western parts.  As of 2008, Dewe has 58 kilometers of community roads; about 29% of the total population has access to drinking water and 95% Health access. This means; 3 Health Centers and 12 Health Posts functionals in the woreda.

Hari Rasu
Hari Rasu, also known as Administrative Zone 5, is a zone in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. Stretching along the eastern base of the Ethiopian Highlands, this zone is bordered on the south and east by Gabi Rasu, on the west by the Amhara Region, and on the north by Awsi Rasu.

This Zone covers most of the area governed by the Afar Hari Rasu.
Hari Rasu Administrative Zone Divided in to Five Woredas, Such us.

Hadale'ela District

Dawe District

Talalak District

Dalefage District

Samurobi District

Mahi Rasu, also known as Administrative Zone 6, is a zone in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. Stretching along the eastern base of the Ethiopian Highlands, this zone is bordered on the east Djibouti by south Gabi Rasu, on the west by the Hari Rasu, and on the north by Awsi Rasu.
This Zone covers most of the area governed by the Afar Hari Rasu.

Mahi Rasu Administrative Zone Divided in to Five Woredas, Such us.

Garani District

Kilalu District

Yangudi District

Sibaybi District

Ada Ado District
Library of the National Congress of Chile
The Library of the National Congress of Chile (Spanish: Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional de Chile, BCN) is a service of the National Congress of Chile that serves as an information center for the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies. The library advises parliamentarians in the social sciences, law, legislation, history, and the development of Chile.

Among its responsibilities are the maintenance of free access to current Chilean law. It also provides parliamentarians and their work teams with advice via meeting minutes, reports, analytical data, and private seminars. It collects news clippings and offers information services and book lending.

Diego Matte Palacios assumed the charge of Director of the BCN on July 10, 2023, following former director, Manuel Alfonso Pérez Guiñez's passing.

Senate of Chile
33°02′52″S 71°36′21″W﻿ / ﻿33.04778°S 71.60583°W﻿ / -33.04778; -71.60583

The Senate of the Republic of Chile is the upper house of Chile's bicameral National Congress, as established in the current Constitution of Chile.