hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Robarts
John Parmenter Robarts PC CC QC (January 11, 1917 – October 18, 1982) was a Canadian lawyer and politician who served as the 17th premier of Ontario from 1961 to 1971. He was a member of the Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario.

King's Privy Council for Canada
The King's Privy Council for Canada (French: Conseil privé du Roi pour le Canada), sometimes called His Majesty's Privy Council for Canada or simply the Privy Council (PC), is the full group of personal advisors to the monarch of Canada on state and constitutional affairs. Practically, the tenets of responsible government require the sovereign or his viceroy, the governor general, almost always to follow only that advice tendered by the Cabinet: a committee within the Privy Council composed usually of elected members of Parliament. Those summoned to the Privy Council are appointed for life by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister. The group is composed predominantly of former Cabinet ministers, with some others having been inducted as an honorary gesture. Privy counsellors are accorded the use of an honorific style and post-nominal letters, as well as various signifiers of precedence.
Ricco's law
Riccò's law, discovered by astronomer Annibale Riccò, is one of several laws that describe a human's ability to visually detect targets on a uniform background. It says that for visual targets below a certain size, threshold visibility depends on the area of the target, and hence on the total light received. The "certain size" (called the "critical visual angle"), is small in daylight conditions, larger in low light levels. The law is of special significance in visual astronomy, since it concerns the ability to distinguish between faint point sources (e.g. stars) and small, faint extended objects ("DSOs").

Visual angle
Visual angle is the angle a viewed object subtends at the eye, usually stated in degrees of arc.
It also is called the object's angular size.

The diagram on the right shows an observer's eye  looking at a frontal extent (the vertical arrow) that has a  linear size , located in the distance  from point .

For present purposes, point  can represent  the eye's nodal points at about the center of the lens, and also represent the center of the eye's entrance pupil that is only a few millimeters in front of the lens.

The three lines from object endpoint  heading toward the eye indicate the bundle of  light rays that pass through the cornea, pupil and lens to form an optical image of  endpoint  on the retina at point .
The central line of the bundle represents the chief ray.

The same holds for object point  and its retinal image at .

The  visual angle  is the angle between the chief rays of  and .
Ocypode gaudichaudii
Ocypode gaudichaudii, also known as the painted ghost crab or cart driver crab, is a species of crab found on Pacific beaches from El Salvador to Chile as well as on the Galápagos Islands. The species was first described by Henri Milne-Edwards and Hippolyte Lucas in 1843.

They are diurnal crustaceans that display a red-orange color with sandy dots across the back of the carapace.

They are described with three distinct feeding behaviors that vary based on food source and development: as deposit feeders, scavengers, and predators. In all methods of feeding, visual clues and chemosensory are used to locate potential food. Their diet includes organic matter within sand, live organisms, and dead matter from both ocean and terrestrial sources.

In Peru, this crab is the host of the acanthocephalan parasite Neoandracantha peruensis.

Acanthocephala
Acanthocephala /əˌkænθoʊˈsɛfələ/ (Greek ἄκανθος, akanthos 'thorn' + κεφαλή, kephale 'head') is a group of parasitic worms known as acanthocephalans, thorny-headed worms, or spiny-headed worms, characterized by the presence of an eversible proboscis, armed with spines, which it uses to pierce and hold the gut wall of its host. Acanthocephalans have complex life cycles, involving at least two hosts, which may include invertebrates, fish, amphibians, birds, and mammals. About 1,420 species have been described.

The Acanthocephala were long thought to be a discrete phylum. Recent genome analysis has shown that they are descended from, and should be considered as, highly modified rotifers. This unified taxon is sometimes known as Syndermata, or simply as Rotifera, with the acanthocephalans described as a subclass of a rotifer class Hemirotatoria.
Paul Lukas (journalist)
Paul Lukas (born March 21, 1964) is an American journalist, author, and the founding editor of Uni Watch, a blog that was devoted to uniform design. Lukas has been called "sports journalism's foremost uniform reporter,” “a minutiae fetishist,” and a “professional geek."  As a journalist he helped legitimize broader news coverage of sports uniform design with his work appearing in The New York Times, GQ, Fortune, Gourmet, Saveur, The Wall Street Journal, ESPN The Magazine, Sports Illustrated, Spin, Glamour, The New Republic, The Financial Times, and InsideHook. Lukas also authored a book about the intricate design of consumer products and services.

Saveur
Saveur is an online gourmet, food, wine, and travel magazine that publishes essays about various world cuisines. The publication was co-founded by Dorothy Kalins, Michael Grossman, Christopher Hirsheimer, and Colman Andrews. It was started by Meigher Communications in 1994.

World Publications bought Saveur and Garden Design in 2000. In October 2020, Bonnier Corporation sold Saveur, along with several other publications, to venture equity group North Equity.

In April 2023, Saveur was purchased by one of its longtime editors, Kat Craddock, and her investment partner. A popular feature has been the "Saveur 100", an annual list of "favorite restaurants, food, drink, people, places and things".
Von der Decken family
The von der Decken family is an ancient Hanoverian family of German nobility. Since more than 750 years the center of the family is in a part of Lower Saxony at the south bank of the river Elbe called Kehdingen.

Stade
Stade (German pronunciation: [ˈʃtaːdə] ⓘ; Low German: Stood), officially the Hanseatic City of Stade (German: Hansestadt Stade, Low German: Hansestadt Stood) is a city in Lower Saxony in northern Germany. First mentioned in records in 934, it is the seat of the district (Landkreis) which bears its name. It is located roughly 45 km (28 mi) to the west of Hamburg and belongs to that city's wider metropolitan region. Within the area of the city are the urban districts of Bützfleth, Hagen, Haddorf and Wiepenkathen, each of which have a council (Ortsrat) of their own with some autonomous decision-making rights.

Stade is located in the lower regions of the river Elbe. It is also on the German Timber-Frame Road.
Anaktuvuk Pass
The Anaktuvuk Pass ("the place of caribou droppings", el. 2,200 ft.) is a mountain pass located in Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve in North Slope Borough in northern Alaska. The Anaktuvuk Pass is in the Brooks Range which divides the Anaktuvuk River with the John River.

Anaktuvuk Pass is a village in the pass, the home of the only concentrated population of the Nunamiut, the only true inland Iñupiat group in Alaska.

Iñupiat
The Inupiat (singular: Iñupiaq), also known as Alaskan Inuit, are a group of Alaska Natives whose traditional territory roughly spans northeast from Norton Sound on the Bering Sea to the northernmost part of the Canada–United States border. Their current communities include 34 villages across Iñupiat Nunaat (Iñupiaq lands), including seven Alaskan villages in the North Slope Borough, affiliated with the Arctic Slope Regional Corporation; eleven villages in Northwest Arctic Borough; and sixteen villages affiliated with the Bering Straits Regional Corporation. They often claim to be the first people of the Kauwerak.
People's Artist of the RSFSR
People's Artist of the RSFSR (Russian: Народный артист РСФСР, Narodnyj artist RSFSR) was an honorary title granted to Soviet Union artists, including theatre and film directors, actors, choreographers, music performers, and orchestra conductors, who had outstanding achievements in the arts, and who lived in the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR). This title was one rank below Honored Artist of the RSFSR and one above People's Artist of the USSR.

The title was introduced on 10 August 1931. In 1992, after the Russian SFSR was renamed as the Russian Federation, it was replaced by People's Artist of Russia.

Title of honor
A title of honor or honorary title is a title bestowed upon individuals or organizations as an award in recognition of their merits.

Sometimes the title bears the same or nearly the same name as a title of authority, but the person bestowed does not have to carry out any duties, except for ceremonial ones. The title may sometimes be temporary, only valid for the individual's visit or for a single day, though they can also be permanent titles. In some cases, these titles are bestowed posthumously.

Some historical honorary titles may be bought, like certain titles of nobility. This has long been a matter of fraud, both outright and indirect. Honorary titles also serve as positions of sinecure and honorary retirement.
Untitled, 2014
"Untitled, 2014" (Korean: 무제 (無題); RR: Muje) is a song recorded by South Korean rapper G-Dragon, serving as the lead single for his second extended play and self-titled Kwon Ji Yong (2017). It was written by G-Dragon, who also co-produced the song with Choice37 and Sunwoo Jung-a. "Untitled, 2014" was a chart-topper in South Korea's Gaon Digital Chart, where it finished 2017 as one of the best-performing songs of the year.

Choice37
Robin Cho, better known as Choice37, is an American record producer, songwriter, and DJ based in South Korea. He joined YG Entertainment as a producer in 2009, and has since produced songs for K-pop artists including Big Bang, Blackpink, G-Dragon, Ikon, Lee Hi, Treasure, Babymonster.
Leith Hill
Leith Hill in southern England is the highest summit of the Greensand Ridge, approximately 6.7 km (4 mi) southwest of Dorking, Surrey and 40.5 km (25 mi) southwest of central London. It reaches 294 m (965 ft) above sea level, and is the second highest point in southeast England, after Walbury Hill in southwest Berkshire, (which is 297 m (974 ft) high).  Leith Hill is the highest ground for 79 km (49 mi).

Four areas of woodland surrounding the hill comprise the 337.9-hectare (835-acre) Leith Hill Site of Special Scientific Interest, although the summit is excluded from this designation.

The nearest railway station is Holmwood station, 3.6 km (2 mi) to the east, served by Southern trains to London Victoria.

Holmwood railway station
Holmwood railway station serves the villages of Beare Green and South Holmwood in Surrey, England, on the Sutton and Mole Valley Lines between Dorking and Horsham, 27 miles 5 chains (43.6 km) from London Waterloo (although London-bound trains run to Victoria).
Wyoming's 36th House of Representatives district
Wyoming's 36th House of Representatives district is one of 62 districts in the Wyoming House of Representatives. The district encompasses part of Natrona County. It is represented by Republican Representative Art Washut of Casper.

In 1992, the state of Wyoming switched from electing state legislators by county to a district-based system.

Natrona County, Wyoming
Natrona County is a county in the U.S. state of Wyoming. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 79,955, making it the second-most populous county in Wyoming. Its county seat is Casper. Natrona County comprises the Casper metropolitan area. In 2010, the center of population of Wyoming was in Natrona County, near Alcova.
Parallel Thread Execution
Parallel Thread Execution (PTX or NVPTX) is a low-level parallel thread execution virtual machine and instruction set architecture used in Nvidia's Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) programming environment. The LLVM-based Nvidia CUDA Compiler (NVCC) translates code written in OpenCL C and CUDA C/C++ into PTX instructions (an IL), and the graphics driver contains a compiler which translates PTX instructions into executable binary code, which can run on the processing cores of Nvidia graphics processing units (GPUs). Inline PTX assembly can be used in CUDA and OpenCL.

LLVM with clang also has the ability to generate PTX given CUDA, OpenCL C/C++, SYCL C++ or OpenACC or OpenMP directives. The GNU Compiler Collection also generates PTX to offload given OpenACC or OpenMP directives.

Clang
Clang (/ˈklæŋ/) is a compiler front end for the programming languages C, C++, Objective-C, Objective-C++, and the software frameworks OpenMP, OpenCL, RenderScript, CUDA, SYCL, and HIP. It acts as a drop-in replacement for the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC), supporting most of its compiling flags and unofficial language extensions. It includes a static analyzer, and several code analysis tools.

Clang operates in tandem with the LLVM compiler back end and has been a subproject of LLVM 2.6 and later. As with LLVM, it is free and open-source software under the Apache 2.0 software license. Its contributors include Apple, IBM, Microsoft, Google, ARM, Sony, Intel and AMD.

Clang 17 has full support for all published C++ standards up to C++17, implements most features of C++20, and has initial support for the C++23 standard. Since v16.0.0, Clang compiles C++ using the GNU++17 dialect by default, which includes features from the C++17 standard and conforming GNU extensions.
Jessica Helleberg
Jessica Helleberg (born 20 February 1986) is a Swedish handball player, playing for the club HØJ Elite. She has previously played for the Swedish women's national handball team.

At the 2010 European Women's Handball Championship she reached the final and won a silver medal with the Swedish team.

In the 2024-25 season she was promoted with the team to the top flight in Denmark.

HØJ Elite (women's handball)
HØJ Elite Women is a women's handball club based in Ølstykke and Jyllinge, Denmark. As of the 2025-26 season, the team competes in the women's Damehåndboldligaen.

The elite team are part of the association 'HØJ Håndbold', which was founded on 7 January 1995 by a merger of Ølstykke Handball Association and Jyllinge-Gundsømagle Idrætsforening's Handball Department. In the spring of 2014, the elite department was established as 'HØJ Elite'.

The team was promoted to the second tier of Danish handball, the 1st Division in the 2022-23 season.

On March 1, 2025 the club secured promotion to the top league for the first time in club history, 4 rounds before the end of the season. The very same season the club's men's team were also promoted.

After their promotion the club signed a contract to rent the yet-to-be-built Multiarenaen in Ølstykke, as their old court Ølstykke-Hallen did not live up to the requirements in the Danish top flight.
2025 Erste Bank Open
The 2025 Erste Bank Open was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 51st edition of the event, and part of the ATP 500 tournaments of the 2025 ATP Tour. It was held at the Wiener Stadthalle in Vienna, Austria, from 20 until 26 October 2025.

ATP 500 tournaments
The ATP 500 tournaments (previously known as the ATP World Tour 500 tournaments, ATP International Series Gold, and ATP Championship Series) are the fourth-highest tier of annual men's tennis tournaments, after the four Grand Slam tournaments, ATP Finals, and the ATP Masters 1000 events. The winners of each tournament are awarded 500 ranking points—which accounts for the name of the series.

As of 2025, the series includes 16 tournaments, which have draws of 32 for singles (except for the Washington Open: 48) and 16 for doubles. Leading players must enter at least four 500 events, including at least one after the US Open; if they play fewer than four, or fail to play in one after the US Open they get a "zero" score towards their world ranking for each one short.

Roger Federer has won the most ATP 500 singles titles (24), while Daniel Nestor has won the most doubles titles (20).
Parking space
A parking space, parking place or parking spot is a location that is designated for parking, either paved or unpaved. It can be in a parking garage, in a parking lot or on a city street. The space may be delineated by road surface markings. The automobile fits inside the space, either by parallel parking, perpendicular parking or angled parking.

If in tandem parking. Whoever pulled in the tandem parking stall first is now technically in the back. The second car, is now in the front since they have to leave first.

Depending on the location of the parking space, the time allowed to park may be fixed by regulation, and a fee may be required to use the parking space. It may be designated for free parking. When the demand for spaces outstrips supply, vehicles may overspill park onto the sidewalk, grass verges and other places which were not designed for the purpose.

Sidewalk
A sidewalk (North American English), pavement (British English, South African English), or footpath (Irish English, Indian English, Australian English, New Zealand English) is a path along the side of a road. Usually constructed of concrete, pavers, brick, stone, or asphalt, it is designed for pedestrians. A sidewalk is normally higher than the roadway, and separated from it by a curb. There may also be a planted strip between the sidewalk and the roadway and between the roadway and the adjacent land.
David Marsh (cyclist)
David Marsh (28 December 1894 – 1960) was a British cyclist. He competed at the 1920 and the 1924 Summer Olympics. He won a gold medal in the men's amateur road race at the 1922 UCI Road World Championships, after he finished 12th in 1921.

1921 UCI Road World Championships
The 1921 UCI Road World Championships (the annual world championships for bicycle road racing organized by the Union Cycliste Internationale) took place in Copenhagen, Denmark on Thursday 4 August 1921. It was the first official World Championships organized by the UCI. The championships were only for amateur men. Four men per nation could participate.

From 30 July to 8 August, the 1921 UCI Track Cycling World Championships were organized on the velodrome of Ordrup, near Copenhagen.
2020–21 Japan Figure Skating Championships
The 2020–21 Japan Figure Skating Championships were held in Nagano, Nagano from December 23–27, 2020. It was the 89th edition of the event. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, and ice dance. The results were part of the Japanese selection criteria for the 2021 World Championships.

2021 World Junior Figure Skating Championships
The 2021 World Junior Figure Skating Championships was a figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU), originally scheduled to be hosted by the Chinese Skating Association. It would have been held at the Heilongjiang Provincial Skating Arena in Harbin, China, from 1 to 7 March 2021. Medals would have been awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance, and the competition would have determined the entry quotas for each federation for the 2021–22 ISU Junior Grand Prix series and the 2022 World Junior Championships. However, the ISU announced the cancellation of the event on 24 November 2020, citing "the pandemic developments and related impact on the organizers and participants."
Stephen Ng
Stephen Tin-hoi Ng (Chinese:吳天海) (born 1953 in Hong Kong) is a Hong Kong entrepreneur, who is the chairman and the managing director of the Wharf (Holdings) Limited. He is the chairman and chief executive officer of i-Cable Communications. He is also the deputy chairman of Wheelock & Co, the chairman and chief executive officer of Wharf T&T, the chairman of Joyce Boutique, Modern Terminals and Harbour Centre Development.

Mr. Ng graduated from the Wah Yan College, Kowloon of Hong Kong, the Ripon College of the United States and the University of Bonn of Germany. He joined the Wharf in 1981 and became the Managing Director in 1989. He is the Chairman of the General Committee of Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce for 2016–2018.

Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce
The Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce (HKGCC; Chinese: 香港總商會) was founded on 29 May 1861, and is the oldest and one of the largest business organizations in Hong Kong. It has around 4,000 corporate members, who combined employ around one-third of Hong Kong's workforce. It is a self-funding, not-for-profit organization that promotes and represents the interests of the Hong Kong business community. A core function of its work is to formulate recommendations on improving the business environment, which its 23 industry-specific committees constantly analyze and make regular submissions to Government of Hong Kong officials and policy makers.

The Chamber's key services are advocacy, events, networking and business services. It also issues Certificates of Origin, ATA Carnet, and Certificate of Business Identity among other business documentation services via its six branches around Hong Kong.
Carolina Dreams
Carolina Dreams is the sixth studio album by the Marshall Tucker Band, released in 1977 and produced by Paul Hornsby. The album is an ode to the band's home state of South Carolina. Focusing on Western themes, it spawned their biggest hit to date, "Heard It In a Love Song", which rose to No. 14 on the Billboard Hot 100, taking the album with it to No. 22 and No. 23 on the Country and Pop charts, respectively. They toured early that year to promote the album. A bonus live version of "Silverado" appears on the 2005 reissue which was recorded the year after the death of bassist and founding member, Tommy Caldwell.

George McCorkle
George McCorkle (October 11, 1946 – June 29, 2007) was a founding member and guitarist for the Marshall Tucker Band. He wrote "Fire on the Mountain", the band's first top 40 hit, though had hoped that Charlie Daniels would record the song. He left the band in 1984 and later worked as a songwriter. He released a solo album, American Street, in 1999. McCorkle was diagnosed with cancer in early June 2007 and died soon afterward, in Lebanon, Tennessee.
Ponte a Bozzone
Ponte a Bozzone is a village in Tuscany, central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comune of Castelnuovo Berardenga, province of Siena. At the time of the 2001 census its population was 630.

Ponte a Bozzone is about 8 km from Siena and 17 km from Castelnuovo Berardenga.

Castelnuovo Berardenga
43°20′50.65″N 11°30′15.85″E﻿ / ﻿43.3474028°N 11.5044028°E﻿ / 43.3474028; 11.5044028

Castelnuovo Berardenga is a comune (municipality) in the province of Siena in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) southeast of Florence and about 14 kilometres (9 mi) east of Siena. Since 1932 it has been included in the Chianti wine-production area.

The Battle of Montaperti between Guelphs and Ghibellines was fought nearby on 4 September 1260.

The territory of Castelnuovo Berardenga borders that of the comuni of Asciano, Bucine, Castellina in Chianti, Gaiole in Chianti, Monteriggioni, Radda in Chianti, Rapolano Terme and Siena.
Upsilon Andromedae c
Upsilon Andromedae c (υ Andromedae c, abbreviated Upsilon And c, υ And c), formally named Samh /ˈsɑːm/ (a homophone with the star Salm), is an extrasolar planet orbiting the Sun-like star Upsilon Andromedae A every 241.3 days at an average distance of 0.83 AU (124 million km; 77 million mi). Its discovery in April 1999 by Geoffrey Marcy and R. Paul Butler made this the first multiple-planet system to be discovered around a main-sequence star, and the first multiple-planet system known in a multiple star system. Upsilon Andromedae c is the second-known planet in order of distance from its star.

Star system
A star system or stellar system is a small number of stars that orbit each other, bound by gravitational attraction. It may sometimes be used to refer to a single star. A large group of stars bound by gravitation is generally called a star cluster or galaxy, although, broadly speaking, they are also star systems. Star systems are not to be confused with planetary systems, which include planets and similar bodies (such as comets).