hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1354 Botha
1354 Botha, provisional designation 1935 GK, is an exceptionally dark background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 46 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 3 April 1935, by South-African astronomer Cyril Jackson at the Union Observatory in Johannesburg. The asteroid was named after South African prime minister Louis Botha.

Union Observatory
Union Observatory, also known as Transvaal Observatory, Republic Observatory and Johannesburg Observatory (078), is a defunct astronomical observatory in Johannesburg, South Africa that operated from 1903 to 1971. It is located on Observatory Ridge, the city's highest point at 1,808 metres altitude in the suburb Observatory.

The observatory and its former annex, the § Leiden Southern Station, are known for the discovery of 6,000 double stars and for Proxima Centauri, made by astronomer Robert Innes. At the observatory, 578 identifications of minor planet were made, a record number at the time. The Minor Planet Center credits the observatory as the site where 147 minor planets were discovered by astronomers Harry Wood, Cyril Jackson, Hendrik van Gent, Ernest Johnson, Ejnar Hertzsprung, Jacobus Bruwer and Joseph Churms (see § List of discovered minor planets).
Penrhyn Main Line class
The Penrhyn Main Line class is a class of three narrow gauge steam locomotives built for the Penrhyn Quarry Railway (PQR). These locomotives were built by the Hunslet Engine Company between 1882 and 1893 and supplied specifically to work the railway that connected the Penrhyn Quarry near Bethesda in north Wales to Port Penrhyn on the Menai Strait.

Port Penrhyn
Port Penrhyn (Welsh: Porth Penrhyn) is a harbour located just east of Bangor in north Wales at the confluence of the River Cegin with the Menai Strait. It was formerly of great importance as the main port for the export of slate from the Penrhyn Quarry, the largest slate quarry in the world at the end of the nineteenth century. The quarry and the port were connected by the Penrhyn Quarry Railway.

It was built, and later expanded, by the Pennant (later Douglas-Pennant) family of the nearby Penrhyn Castle.

Penrhyn is the Welsh word for 'promontory'.

The port is used by coastal vessels up to about 3,000 tonnes deadweight (DWT) and by fishing vessels.
Henley-in-Arden School
Henley-in-Arden School is a mixed secondary school located in Henley-in-Arden in the English county of Warwickshire.

Previously a community school administered by Warwickshire County Council, Henley-in-Arden School converted to academy status in August 2011. On 1 April 2019, the school joined the Arden Multi-Academy Trust (AMAT) family of schools. However, the school continues to coordinate with Warwickshire County Council for admissions. The school offers mostly GCSEs as programmes of study for pupils and is a specialist Performing Arts school with a number of high-profile alumni. Students are able to study all three of Acting, Dance and Music for their KS4 programme of study at Henley.

Warwickshire County Council
Warwickshire County Council is the county council that governs the non-metropolitan county of Warwickshire in England. Its headquarters are at Shire Hall in the centre of Warwick, the county town. The council's principal functions are county roads and rights of way, social services, education and libraries, but it also provides numerous other local government services in its area. The council has been under no overall control since the 2025 election, being run by a Reform UK minority administration.
Cebu's 5th congressional district
Cebu's 5th congressional district is one of the seven congressional districts of the Philippines in the province of Cebu. It has been represented in the House of Representatives of the Philippines since 1916 and earlier in the Philippine Assembly from 1907 to 1916. The district consists of the city of Danao and adjacent municipalities in the northeast and the Camotes Islands: Borbon, Carmen, Catmon, Compostela, Liloan, Pilar, Poro, San Francisco, Sogod and Tudela. It is currently represented in the 20th Congress by Vincent Franco D. Frasco, an independent and of One Cebu.

Prior to its second dissolution in 1972, it consisted of the southern municipalities of Alcantara, Alegria, Badian, Boljoon, Ginatilan, Malabuyoc, Moalboal, Oslob, Samboan, and Santander.

Boljoon
Boljoon, officially the Municipality of Boljoon (Cebuano: Lungsod sa Boljoon; Tagalog: Bayan ng Boljoon),  is a  municipality in the province of Cebu, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 17,153 people.
2009 FIM Long Track World Championship
The 2009 Individual Long Track/Grasstrack World Championship was the 39th edition of the FIM speedway Individual Long Track World Championship.

The world title was won by Gerd Riss of Germany for the eighth time.

Gerd Riss
Gerd Riss (born 17 March 1965) is a German former speedway rider. He competed in motorcycle speedway and longtrack racing. He is an eight-times World longtrack champion. He also earned 22 international caps for the West German national speedway team and 12 international caps for the German national speedway team.
Tower of Skulls
Tower of Skulls: A History of The Asia-Pacific War July 1937-May 1942 is a 2020 nonfiction book written by American military historian Richard B. Frank. It is the first volume released of a planned trilogy covering the Pacific Theater of the Second World War. The full text is divided into 18 chapters. This volume recounts the first five years of the Second Sino-Japanese War starting with the Marco Polo Bridge Incident up until just before the Battle of the Coral Sea.

Marco Polo Bridge incident
The Marco Polo Bridge incident, also known as the Lugou Bridge incident or the July 7 incident, was a three-day battle that began on 7 July 1937 in the district of Beijing between the 29th Army of the National Revolutionary Army of the Republic of China and the Imperial Japanese Army.

Since the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931, there had been many small incidents along the rail line connecting Beijing with the port of Tianjin, but all had subsided. On the night of 7 July, Japanese garrison troops at Lugouqiao held an unusual manoeuvre; and, alleging that a Japanese soldier was missing, demanded entry into the City of Wanping to conduct a search. Fighting broke out while the Japanese complaint was still under negotiation. However, the missing Japanese soldier had already returned to his lines. The Marco Polo Bridge incident is generally regarded as the start of the Second Sino-Japanese War.
Llannerch
Llannerch (sometimes spelled Llanerch) was a commote in the cantref of Dyffryn Clwyd which later became the Marcher Lordship of Ruthin. Situated in an area south of Ruthin the commote covered an area of 9,000 acres (14 sq mi; 3,600 ha) which included the parishes of Llanfair Dyffryn Clwyd and Llanelidan and 19 townships. Much of the land within the commote was owned by the Bishopric of Bangor.

The commote was abolished when the English system of counties was introduced to north Wales under the provisions of the Act of Union 1536 and the area became part of the county of Denbighshire. The name was maintained with the building of Llannerch Hall in the 16th century.

Llannerch is known as the home of the poet, Gruffydd ap Ieuan ap Llywelyn Fychan. He had four children including the poets Catrin ferch Gruffudd ap Ieuan ap Llywelyn Fychan and Alis ferch Gruffudd ab Ieuan ap Llywelyn Fychan, known as Alis Wen.

Llanfair Dyffryn Clwyd
Llanfair Dyffryn Clwyd is a village and community in Denbighshire, Wales, situated in the Vale of Clwyd about one mile south of the town of Ruthin. In the 2001 census, it had 1048 residents and 50.6% of them could speak Welsh. The figures for the 2011 census were: population 1,053; Welsh speakers 46.9%. The age group with the highest percentage of Welsh speakers was the 15-year-olds, all of whom could speak it. The villages of Pentrecelyn and Graig Fechan are located in the community.
NASA Causeway
The NASA Causeway, is an east–west expressway in Brevard County, Florida, containing two causeways. The first causeway connects the Florida mainland to Merritt Island and later, over the private second causeway, connects Merritt Island to Cape Canaveral. As such, the NASA Causeway is the main route connecting points of interest in Titusville, Florida to the Kennedy Space Center on Merritt Island.

Bascule bridge
A bascule bridge (also referred to as a drawbridge or a lifting bridge) is a moveable bridge with a counterweight that continuously balances a span, or leaf, throughout its upward swing to provide clearance for boat traffic. It may be single- or double-leafed.

The name comes from the French term for balance scale, which employs the same principle. Bascule bridges are the most common type of movable span because they open quickly and require relatively little energy to operate, while providing the possibility for unlimited vertical clearance for marine traffic.
Joseph Jackson (typefounder)
Joseph Jackson (1733 – 14 January 1792) was a British engraver and typefounder who cut, cast and sold metal type. His foundry was based at Salisbury Square in London. He employed Vincent Figgins as an apprentice. He was in poor health towards the end of his life, but left a considerable fortune. He was also deacon of the Church of Christ, Barbican. He married first Elizabeth (d. 1783) and then Mary (d. 14 Sept 1792). As he was childless, on his death, his estate mostly left to his fourteen nephews and nieces and his type foundry was taken over by William Caslon III. He was buried at Spa Fields Chapel; a sermon was preached on his death by John Towers. His tombstone described him as "a truly honest man and a good Christian ... universally respected".

Type foundry
A type foundry is a company that designs or distributes typefaces. Before digital typography, type foundries manufactured and sold metal and wood typefaces for hand typesetting, and matrices for line-casting machines like the Linotype and Monotype, for letterpress printers. Today's digital type foundries accumulate and distribute typefaces (typically as digitized fonts) created by type designers, who may either be freelancers operating their own independent foundry, or employed by a foundry. Type foundries may also provide custom type design services.
HMS Boadicea (1908)
HMS Boadicea was the lead ship of her class of scout cruisers built for the Royal Navy in the first decade of the 20th century. She led the 1st Destroyer Flotilla from completion until the ship was transferred to the 3rd Destroyer Flotilla in mid-1912. A year later Boadicea was reassigned to the 2nd Battle Squadron and she spent the bulk of World War I with that squadron. The ship was present at, but did not fight in, the Battle of Jutland in mid-1916. Boadicea was converted into a minelayer at the end of 1917 and made three sorties to lay her mines before the end of the war. She was placed in reserve after the war and taken out of service in 1920. The ship was used for harbour service at Dartmouth until she was sold for scrap in 1926.

Minelayer
A minelayer is any warship, submarine, military aircraft or land vehicle deploying explosive mines. Since World War I the term "minelayer" refers specifically to a naval ship used for deploying naval mines. "Mine planting" was the term for installing controlled mines at predetermined positions in connection with coastal fortifications or harbor approaches that would be detonated by shore control when a ship was fixed as being within the mine's effective range.

An army's special-purpose combat engineering vehicles used to lay landmines are sometimes called "minelayers".
Herculano Nabian
Herculano Bucancil Nabian (born 25 January 2004) is a professional footballer who plays as a forward for Italian Serie C Group B club Pontedera on loan from Empoli. Born in Guinea-Bissau, he is a former youth international for Portugal.

Serie C
The Serie C (Italian pronunciation: [ˈsɛːrje ˈtʃi]), officially known as Serie C Sky Wifi for sponsorship purposes, is the third-highest division in the Italian football league system after the Serie B and Serie A. The Lega Italiana Calcio Professionistico (Lega Pro) is the governing body that operates the Serie C.

The unification of the Lega Pro Prima Divisione and the Lega Pro Seconda Divisione as Lega Pro Divisione Unica (often also abbreviated as Lega Pro) in 2014 reintroduced the format of the original Serie C that existed between 1935 and 1978 (before the split into Serie C1 and Serie C2). In May 2017, the Lega Pro assembly unanimously approved renaming the competition to its original name, Serie C.
Anegpur
Anegpur is a village of Bhadohi district (formerly known as Sant Ravidas Nagar district) in the state of Uttar Pradesh in northern India. It comes under Bhadohi Lok Sabha constituency. Anegpur is a carpet manufacturing village in Bhadohi. It is known for its hand-knotted carpet and Indo Gabbeh.

Bhadohi Lok Sabha constituency
Bhadohi Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 80 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. This constituency came into existence in 2008 as a part of the implementation of delimitation of parliamentary constituencies based on the recommendations of the Delimitation Commission of India constituted in 2002.
2023 Men's U23 Pan-American Volleyball Cup
The 2023 Men's U23 Pan-American Volleyball Cup is the fifth edition of the Men's U23 Pan-American Volleyball Cup, the bi-annual volleyball tournament organized by the Pan-American Volleyball Union (UPV) that brings together the NORCECA and Confederación Sudamericana de Voleibol (CSV) U23 men's national teams. It was held in Havana, Cuba from 11 to 16 July 2023.

Cuba were the defending champions.

Cuba men's national under-23 volleyball team
The Cuba men's national under-23 volleyball team represents Cuba in men's under-23 volleyball Events, it is controlled and managed by the Cuban Volleyball Federation that is a member of North American volleyball body North, Central America and Caribbean Volleyball Confederation (NORCECA) and the international volleyball body government the Fédération Internationale de Volleyball (FIVB).
Latvia men's national volleyball team
The Latvia men's national volleyball team (Latvian: Latvijas vīriešu volejbola izlase) represents Latvia in international men's volleyball competitions and friendly matches. It is governed by the Latvian Volleyball Federation and takes part in international volleyball competitions.

The team was formed shortly after regaining full independence in 1991. The biggest achievement of the national team until 2020 was the qualification for the group stage of the 1995 Men's European Volleyball Championship in Greece.

In September 2020, the team qualified for the 2021 Men's European Volleyball Championship after beating Cyprus 3-0 and claiming the top spot in Qualifying Pool D, which came after a 26-year-long absence from the European championships.

1995 Men's European Volleyball Championship
The 1995 Men's European Volleyball Championship was the nineteenth edition of the event, organized by Europe's governing volleyball body, the Confédération Européenne de Volleyball. It was hosted in two cities in Greece, in Piraeus and Patras, from September 8 to September 16, 1995. The games in Piraeus were held at Peace and Friendship Stadium, whilst in Patras at Dimitrios Tofalos Indoor Hall.
Face of a Hero (Playhouse 90)
"Face of a Hero" is an American television play broadcast on January 1, 1959 as part of the CBS television series, Playhouse 90.  John Frankenheimer was the director and John Houseman the producer. The cast included Jack Lemmon and Rip Torn.

Television play
A television play is a television programming genre which is a drama performance broadcast from a multi-camera television studio, usually live in the early days of television but later recorded to tape. This is in contrast to a television movie, which employs the single-camera setup of film production.
A Boy Bringing Bread
A Boy Bringing Bread  (c. 1663) is an oil-on-canvas painting by the Dutch painter Pieter de Hooch. It is an example of Dutch Golden Age painting and is part of The Wallace Collection, on display at East Galleries II in London. The painting was likely painted soon after De Hooch's arrival in Amsterdam from Delft in the early 1660s.

Delft
Delft (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈdɛl(ə)ft] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in the province of South Holland, Netherlands. It is located between Rotterdam, to the southeast, and The Hague, to the northwest. Together with them, it is a part of both the Rotterdam–The Hague metropolitan area and the Randstad.

Delft is a popular tourist destination in the Netherlands, famous for its historical connections with the reigning House of Orange-Nassau, for its blue pottery, for being home to the painter Jan Vermeer, and for hosting Delft University of Technology (TU Delft). Historically, Delft played a highly influential role in the Dutch Golden Age. In terms of science and technology, thanks to the pioneering contributions of Antonie van Leeuwenhoek and Martinus Beijerinck, Delft can be considered to be the birthplace of microbiology.
1998 Copa Norte
The 1998 Copa Norte was the second edition of a football competition held in Brazil. Featuring 8 clubs, Acre, Amapá, Amazonas, Maranhão, Pará, Piauí, Rondônia and Roraima with one vacancy.

In the finals, Sampaio Corrêa defeated São Raimundo 3–0 on penalties after tied 2–2 on aggregate to win their first title and earn the right to play in the 1998 Copa CONMEBOL.

Maranhão
Maranhão (/ˌmɑːrəˈnjaʊn/, MAH-rə-NYOWN; Brazilian Portuguese pronunciation: [maɾɐˈɲɐ̃w] ⓘ) is a state in Brazil. Located in the country's Northeast Region, it has a population of about 7 million and an area of 332,000 km2 (128,000 sq mi) and it is divided into 217 municipalities. Clockwise from north, it borders on the Atlantic Ocean for 2,243 km and the states of Piauí, Tocantins and Pará. The people of Maranhão have a distinctive accent within the common Northeastern Brazilian dialect. Maranhão is described in literary works such as Exile Song by Gonçalves Dias and Casa de Pensão by Aluísio Azevedo.

The dunes of Lençóis are an important area of environmental preservation. Also of interest is the state capital of São Luís, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Another important conservation area is the Parnaíba River delta, between the states of Maranhão and Piauí, with its lagoons, desert dunes and deserted beaches or islands, such as Caju island, which shelters rare birds.
Villard-de-Lans
Villard-de-Lans (French pronunciation: [vilˈaʁ də lˈɑ̃s], literally Villard of Lans; Vivaro-Alpine: Lo Vilar de Lanç) is a commune in the Isère department of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in southeastern France. The town is also situated in the Vercors Massif. It was the administrative centre of the eponymous canton until the departmental elections of 2015. After the elections, Villard-de-Lans and the communes of its former canton were all incorporated into the new canton of Fontaine-Vercors. The town remains the seat of the Community of Communes in the Vercors Massif (CCMV).

The town is a centre for skiing in winter, as well as hiking and hot air ballooning during the other seasons. It is also the town with the largest amount of available lodging in the entire Vercors Regional Natural Park.

Vivaro-Alpine dialect
Vivaro-Alpine (Occitan: vivaroalpenc, vivaroaupenc; French: vivaro-alpin, pronounced [vivaʁo alpɛ̃]) is a variety of Occitan spoken in southeastern France (namely, around the Dauphiné area) and northwestern Italy (the Occitan Valleys of Piedmont and Liguria). There is also a small Vivaro-Alpine enclave in the Guardia Piemontese, Calabria, where the language is known as Gardiol
, which Glottolog recognizes as a distinct language within the Occitanic language family.  It belongs to the Northern Occitan dialect bloc, along with Auvergnat and Limousin. The name “vivaro-alpine” was coined by Pierre Bec in the 1970s. The Vivaro-Alpine dialects are traditionally called "gavot" from the Maritime Alps to the Hautes-Alpes.
Igor Gavrilin (footballer)
Igor Aleksandrovich Gavrilin (Russian: Игорь Александрович Гаврилин; born 10 November 1972) is a Russian professional football coach and a former player. He is an assistant manager for FC Saturn Ramenskoye.

FC Saturn Ramenskoye
FC Saturn Ramenskoye (Russian: ФК Сатурн Ра́менское) is a Russian professional football club, based in the town of Ramenskoye in Moscow Oblast. It is also sometimes referred to as FC Saturn Moscow Region (Russian: ФК Сатурн Московской области, romanized: FK Saturn Moskovskaya Oblast).
Nepal Samajbadi Party (Lohiyabadi)
Nepal Samajbadi Party (Lohiyabadi) (Nepali: नेपाल समाजवादी पार्टी (लोहियावादी), 'Nepal Socialist Party (Lohiaist)') is a political party in Nepal. As of 2013, the president of the party was Bimal Prasad Argadiya Yadav. The party registered itself with the Election Commission of Nepal ahead of the 2013 Constituent Assembly election, with the support of 10,000 voters. It presented 8 candidates in FPTP constituencies, 3 from Dhanusa district, 3 from Parsa district, 1 from Bara district and 1 from Mahottari district. For the Proportional Representation vote the party submitted a list of 36 candidates, headed by Bimal Prasad Argariya Yadav. The election symbol of the party is a chair.

Parsa District
Parsa District (Nepali: पर्सा जिल्लाListenⓘ), a part of Madhesh Province in Terai plain, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. The district, with Birgunj as its district headquarters, covers an area of 1,353 km2 (522 sq mi) and has a population (2001) of 497,219. According to the locals, Parsa is named after the Parashnath temple situated in Mahuwan.
Rhymed prose
Rhymed prose is a literary form and literary genre, written in unmetrical rhymes. This form has been known in many different cultures. In some cases the rhymed prose is a distinctive, well-defined style of writing. In modern  literary traditions the boundaries of poetry are very broad (free verse, prose poetry, etc.), and some works may be described both as prose and poetry.

Metre (poetry)
In poetry, metre (Commonwealth spelling) or meter (American spelling; see spelling differences) is the basic rhythmic structure of a verse or lines in verse.  Many traditional verse forms prescribe a specific verse metre, or a certain set of metres alternating in a particular order. The study and the actual use of metres and forms of versification are both known as prosody. (Within linguistics, "prosody" is used in a more general sense that includes not only poetic metre but also the rhythmic aspects of prose, whether formal or informal, that vary from language to language, and sometimes between poetic traditions.)
2013 Barcelona Open Banco Sabadell – Doubles
Mariusz Fyrstenberg and Marcin Matkowski were the defending champions, but lost to David Marrero and Fernando Verdasco in the quarterfinals.
Alexander Peya and Bruno Soares won the tournament, defeating Robert Lindstedt and Daniel Nestor in the final, 5–7, 7–6(9–7), [10–4].

David Marrero
David Marrero Santana (Spanish pronunciation: [daˈβið maˈreɾo sanˈtana]; born 8 April 1980) is a Spanish former professional tennis player. Marrero won 14 doubles titles and reached a career-high doubles ranking of world No. 5 in November 2013.
Thomas West (captain)
Thomas West of Poplar Neck (c. 1670 – 1710) was a planter, military officer and politician of King William County in the British Colony and Dominion of Virginia who for two consecutive terms represented the county in the House of Burgesses (1703–1706). He followed the planter, military officer and burgess traditions of his father John West and brothers John West and Nathaniel West. His wife Agnes bore a son, also Thomas West, who also served (briefly) in the House of Burgesses.

King William County, Virginia
King William County is a county located in the U.S. state of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 17,810. Its county seat is King William. King William County is located in the Middle Peninsula and is included in the Greater Richmond Region.