hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Culture of Japan
Japanese culture has changed greatly over the millennia, from the country's prehistoric Jōmon period, to its contemporary modern culture, which absorbs influences from Asia and other regions of the world.

Since the Jomon period, ancestral groups like the Yayoi and Kofun, who arrived to Japan from Korea and China, respectively, have shaped Japanese culture. Rice cultivation and centralized leadership were introduced by these groups, shaping Japanese culture. Chinese dynasties, particularly the Tang dynasty, have influenced Japanese culture throughout history and brought it into the Sinosphere. After 220 years of isolation, the Meiji era opened Japan to Western influences, enriching and diversifying Japanese culture. Popular culture shows how much contemporary Japanese culture influences the world.

Nara (city)
Nara (奈良市, Nara-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [naꜜ.ɾa, na.ɾaꜜ.ɕi] ⓘ) is the capital city of Nara Prefecture, Japan. As of 2022, Nara has an estimated population of 367,353 according to World Population Review, making it the largest city in Nara Prefecture and sixth-largest in the Kansai region of Honshu. Nara is a core city located in the northern part of Nara Prefecture bordering the Kyoto Prefecture.

Nara was the capital of Japan during the Nara period from 710 to 784 as the seat of the Emperor before the capital was moved to Nagaoka-kyō, except for the years 740 to 745, when the capital was placed in Kuni-kyō, Naniwa-kyō and Shigaraki Palace. Nara is home to eight major historic temples, shrines, and heritage sites, specifically Tōdai-ji, Saidai-ji, Kōfuku-ji, Kasuga Shrine, Gangō-ji, Yakushi-ji, Tōshōdai-ji, and the Heijō Palace, together with Kasugayama Primeval Forest, collectively form the Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
2022 Sydney Tennis Classic
The 2022 Sydney Tennis Classic was a tennis tournament on the 2022 ATP Tour and 2022 WTA Tour. It was a combined ATP Tour 250 and WTA 500 tournament played on outdoor hard courts in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. This was the 128th edition of the tournament. The tournament took place at the NSW Tennis Centre from 10 to 15 January 2022.

Daniel Altmaier
Daniel Altmaier (German pronunciation: [ˈdaːni̯eːl ˈʔaltmaɪɐ, -ni̯ɛl -]; born 12 September 1998) is a German professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 44, achieved on 5 January 2026. He is currently the No. 2 German singles player.
Afrotrilepis
Afrotrilepis is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Cyperaceae.

Its native range is Western and Western Central Tropical Africa.

Species:

Afrotrilepis jaegeri J.Raynal

Afrotrilepis pilosa (Boeckeler) J.Raynal

Afrotropical realm
The Afrotropical realm is one of the Earth's eight biogeographic realms. It includes Sub-Saharan Africa, the southern Arabian Peninsula, the island of Madagascar, and the islands of the western Indian Ocean. It was formerly known as the Ethiopian Zone or Ethiopian Region.
The Punisher War Zone (1992 series)
The Punisher War Zone is a comic book series published by Marvel Comics about the vigilante The Punisher. The series was written and drawn by several artists during its run. The series lasted for 41 issues. It was the first series of The Punisher War Zone title history and lasted from 1992 to 1995. The vast majority of the series was written by Chuck Dixon. Besides John Romita Jr. who worked a lot on the series, several other artists painted the covers, among them Rainier "Rain" Beredo, John Buscema and Joe Kubert.

Chuck Dixon
Charles Dixon (born April 14, 1954) is an American comic book writer, best known for his work on the Marvel Comics character the Punisher and on the DC Comics characters Batman, Nightwing, and Robin in the 1990s and early 2000s.
Flajolet–Martin algorithm
The Flajolet–Martin algorithm is an algorithm for approximating the number of distinct elements in a stream with a single pass and space-consumption logarithmic in the maximal number of possible distinct elements in the stream (the count-distinct problem). The algorithm was introduced by Philippe Flajolet and G. Nigel Martin in their 1984 article "Probabilistic Counting Algorithms for Data Base Applications". Later it has been refined in "LogLog counting of large cardinalities" by Marianne Durand and Philippe Flajolet, and "HyperLogLog: The analysis of a near-optimal cardinality estimation algorithm" by Philippe Flajolet et al.

In their 2010 article "An optimal algorithm for the distinct elements problem", Daniel M. Kane, Jelani Nelson and David P. Woodruff give an improved algorithm, which uses nearly optimal space and has optimal O(1) update and reporting times.

David P. Woodruff
David Paul Woodruff (born 1980) is a professor in the Department of Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University. He completed his PhD at MIT in 2007. His research contributions include an asymptotically optimal streaming algorithm for the count-distinct problem, which received the best paper award at the 2010 Symposium on Principles of Database Systems. He has also co-developed randomized algorithms for linear regression and low-rank approximation, which were recognized with a best paper award at the 2013 Symposium on Theory of Computing.
Rąbień AB
Rąbień AB is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Aleksandrów Łódzki, within Zgierz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) south of Aleksandrów Łódzki, 11 km (7 mi) south-west of Zgierz, and 12 km (7 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź.

Zgierz
Zgierz [zɡʲɛʂ] ⓘ is a city in central Poland, located just to the north of Łódź, and part of the Łódź metropolitan area. As of 2021, it had a population of 54,974. Located within the historic Łęczyca Land, it is the capital of Zgierz County in the Łódź Voivodeship.
Julian Hooper
Julian Hooper (born 1966) is an Auckland-based artist. His art has been described as "an assemblage of metaphors, shapes and forms" that "details an eclectic and imaginative visual language that delves into his personal ancestry.". He was born in Auckland.

Hooper's works are held by the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, Auckland Art Gallery Toi o Tāmaki, Queensland Art Gallery, Australian Catholic University Art Gallery, and the Sarjeant Gallery Te Whare o Rehua Whanganui.

His art has been exhibited at the Ian Potter Museum of Art, Dunedin Public Art Gallery, and Mangere Art Centre, Ng ā Tohu Uenuku.

Ian Potter Museum of Art
The Potter Museum of Art at the University of Melbourne in Melbourne, Australia was established to accommodate various art and historical collections of the University. In 1972 as the University Gallery, was renamed the University of Melbourne Museum of Art in 1988, then when it was rehoused in a new building, became the Ian Potter Museum of Art. After a reconstruction it reopened in 2025. It runs an exhibition program of historical and contemporary art
Cook Islands Labor Party
The Cook Islands Labor Party was a political party in the Cook Islands.  It was formed just before the 1965 election and ran seven candidates on Rarotonga, winning 5% of the vote. None of its candidates were successful, and the party quickly faded from view.

Rarotonga
Rarotonga is the largest and most populous island of the country of the Cook Islands. The island is volcanic, with an area of 67.39 km2 (26.02 sq mi), and is home to 72% of the country's population, with 10,898 of a total population of 15,040. Avarua, on the north coast, is the location of the Parliament buildings and the capital of the Cook Islands. The country's international airport is also in Avarua, and Rarotonga is a popular tourist destination, with many resorts, hotels and motels.

Rarotonga has been populated by a Polynesian people since late in the 1st millennium. Captain John Dibbs, master of the colonial brig Endeavour, is credited as the European discoverer, on 25 July 1823 while transporting the missionary Reverend John Williams.
The Mysterious X
The Mysterious X (Danish: Det hemmelighedsfulde X) is a 1914 Danish silent drama film directed by Benjamin Christensen. It was Christensen's directorial debut. Prints of the film exist in the Det Danske Filminstitut and the Museum of Modern Art.

Danish Film Institute
The Danish Film Institute (Danish: Det Danske Filminstitut; DFI) is the national Danish agency responsible for supporting and encouraging film and cinema culture, and for conserving these in the national interest. It is the successor organisation to the Danish Film Foundation (Danish: Den Danske Filmfond).

Also known as Filmhuset ("the film house"), it is located in Gothersgade in central Copenhagen. Facilities directed at the general public include a library and Cinemateket, Denmark's national film museum. Tine Fischer was appointed to take over from current director of the institute, Claus Ladegaard, from 1 August 2024.
Ministry of Energy, New and Renewable Energy Maharashtra
Ministry of Energy, New and Renewable Energy Maharashtra or MAHAURJA is a ministry of Government of Maharashtra. The Ministry is currently headed by Devendra Fadnavis, a Chief Minister of Maharashtra and Cabinet Minister.

The Ministry is mainly responsible for research and development, intellectual property protection, and international cooperation, promotion, and coordination in renewable energy sources such as wind power, small hydro, biogas, and solar power. The broad aim of the Ministry is to develop and deploy new and renewable energy for supplementing the energy requirements of India.

The Ministry is headquartered in Mantralaya, Mumbai, Mumbai. According to the Central New and Renewable Energy Ministry's 2012–2013 annual report, India has made significant advances in several renewable energy sectors which include, Solar energy, Wind power, and Hydroelectricity.

Mantralaya, Mumbai
Mantralaya is the administrative headquarters of the Government of Maharashtra in the city of Mumbai, India built in 1955. Mantralaya was earlier known as Sachivalaya. (Sachiv- Secretary, Alaya- House, meaning House of Secretaries, called Secretariat). The headquarters of most State Governments in India are called Secretariats. However, since Ministers (Mantri in Marathi) also sit in the same building and to underline the fact that Ministers are powerful in a democracy, the name was changed to Mantralaya in the early eighties.

Mantralaya is a seven storeyed building which houses most of the departments of the state government in this building. The Chief Minister sits on the sixth floor. The Chief Secretary, sits on the sixth floor. Due to an increasing number of departments and staff, a new "annexe" building was built. Also, a new administrative building of 19 floors was constructed opposite Mantralaya to accommodate additional departments.
Vp
Wishka Hirka
Wishka Hirka (Ancash Quechua wishka viscacha, hirka mountain, "viscacha mountain") or Wishpa Hirka (Ancash Quechua wishpa influenza, "influenza mountain", Hispanicized spelling Huishpajirca) is a 4,934-metre-high (16,188 ft) mountain in the southern part of the Cordillera Blanca in the Andes of Peru. It is located in the Ancash Region, Recuay Province, Catac District. Wishka Hirka lies southwest of Qiwllarahu.

Ancash Quechua
Ancash Quechua (Huaylas Ancash Quechua: qichwa [ˈqɛtʃ.wa], or less often nuna shimi), also Huaylay or Waylay in linguistic terminology, is a Quechua variety spoken in the Peruvian department of Ancash by approximately 1,000,000 people. Like Wanka Quechua, it belongs to Quechua I (according to Alfredo Torero).
Quinte (electoral district)
Quinte was an electoral riding in Ontario, Canada. It was created in 1967 out of Hastings West and abolished in 1999, when it was redistributed into Prince Edward—Hastings and Northumberland when ridings were redistributed to match their federal counterparts. It consisted of the Belleville and Trenton areas.

Trenton, Ontario
Trenton (2001 population 16,770) is a large community in Central Ontario in the municipality of Quinte West, Ontario, Canada. Located on the Bay of Quinte, it is the starting point for the Trent-Severn Waterway, which continues northwest to Peterborough and eventually Port Severn on Georgian Bay.
Aline Nistad
Aline Nistad (August 24, 1954 – September 23, 2017) was a Norwegian trombonist and music educator. As a female trombonist, she was considered a pioneer in her field.

She was born in Oslo and grew up in Aurskog-Høland. Nistad was taught to play piano at home by her mother but the trombone became her instrument of choice at school. She studied at the Østlandets Musikkonservatorium and the Guildhall School of Music and Drama in London. In 1979, she joined the Oslo Philharmonic Orchestra, where she was principal trombone. From 1986 to 1989, Nistad served as chairman for the orchestra. She was a member of the Oslo Sinfonietta, a contemporary classical music ensemble. Nistad retired from the Oslo Philharmonic Orchestra in August 2016.  She taught trombone and chamber music at the Norwegian Academy of Music. Nistad also held master classes and was a guest instructor in Norway and internationally, particularly in the United Kingdom.

She died of cancer at the age of 63.

Oslo Philharmonic
The Oslo Philharmonic (Norwegian: Oslo-Filharmonien) is a Norwegian symphony orchestra based in Oslo, Norway. The orchestra traces its roots to the Philharmonic Society founded in 1847 and the Christiania Musical Association co-founded by Edvard Grieg in 1871, and was established in its current form in 1919. Since 1977, it has had its home in the Oslo Concert Hall.  The orchestra gives an average of sixty to seventy symphonic concerts annually, the majority of which are broadcast nationally on the radio. The Oslo Philharmonic entered into a close collaboration with the newly established national broadcasting company, the NRK, in 1934. Its chief conductor is Klaus Mäkelä.
Wadduwa
Wadduwa (Sinhala: වාද්දුව, Tamil: வடுவா) is a town in the Western Province of Sri Lanka. It is situated on the western coast of Sri Lanka, about 33 km (21 mi) south of Colombo. It spans from 30.5 to 36.5 km area along the Galle Road,  4.5 km to the land side and  1 km to the seaside. It is also famous for its rich cultivation of coconut palms and as a major producer of toddy and vinegar. There are few historical places in the area such as ancient Catholic church and Dhaaldawatta Purana Maha Viharaya. Wadduwa is popular for the products made from coconut fibre such as brooms, carpets etc.

Wadduwa is governed by Panadura Pradeshiya Sabha.

Pradeshiya Sabha
There are 276 Pradeshiya Sabhas in Sri Lanka, which are the legislative bodies that preside over the third tier municipalities in the country. Introduced in 1987 through the 13th Amendment to the Constitution of Sri Lanka, Pradeshiya Sabhas became a devolved subject under the Provincial Councils in the Local Government system of Sri Lanka. The Pradeshiya Sabhas collectively govern approximately 16,726,000 people. There are 3,624 Councillors in total, ranging from 5 to 23 per council.
36 Aquilae
36 Aquilae (abbreviated 36 Aql) is a star in the equatorial constellation of Aquila. 36 Aquilae is its Flamsteed designation though it also bears the Bayer designation e Aquilae. With an apparent visual magnitude of 5.02, this star is faintly visible to the naked eye. It has an annual parallax shift of 6.17 mas, indicating a physical distance of 530 light-years (160 parsecs) with a 30 light-year margin of error.

The spectrum of this star matches a stellar classification of K5 III. It is a red giant star with 54 75 times the radius of the Sun that is currently on the asymptotic giant branch. This means the star is generating energy by the fusion of hydrogen along an outer shell and helium along a concentric inner shell, surrounding an inert core of carbon and oxygen. 36 Aquilae undergoes small, periodic variations in luminosity, changing by 0.0063 magnitudes about 11.5 times per day, or once every 2 hours and 5.2 minutes.

Margin of error
The margin of error is a statistic expressing the amount of random sampling error in the results of a survey. The larger the margin of error, the less confidence one should have that a poll result would reflect the result of a simultaneous census of the entire population. The margin of error will be positive whenever a population is incompletely sampled and the outcome measure has positive variance, which is to say, whenever the measure varies.

The term margin of error is often used in non-survey contexts to indicate observational error in reporting measured quantities.
Evelyn Anita Stoke-Hayford
Evelyn Anita Stoke-Hayford is the  first Ghanaian to lead the World Food Programme  Executive Board since it was established in 1996.  During  the 3rd Parliament of the 4th republic of Ghana, she was appointed by the late President  John Atta Mills   to serve as  Ghana's ambassador to 5 countries namely,  Italy, Turkey, Greece, Croatia and Slovenia. Stokes - Hayford has also served as Permanent Representative of Ghana to FAO and IFAD.

John Atta Mills
John Evans Fiifi Atta Mills (21 July 1944 – 24 July 2012) was a Ghanaian politician and legal scholar who served as the 11th president of Ghana from 2009 until his death in 2012. He was inaugurated on 7 January 2009, having defeated the governing party candidate Nana Akufo-Addo in the 2008 Ghanaian presidential election. He was previously the third vice president from 1997 to 2001 under President Jerry Rawlings, and he contested unsuccessfully in the 2000 and 2004 presidential elections as the candidate of the National Democratic Congress (NDC). He was the first Ghanaian head of state to die in office.
All-pass filter
An all-pass filter is a signal processing filter that passes all frequencies equally in gain, but changes the phase relationship among various frequencies. Most types of filter reduce the amplitude (i.e. the magnitude) of the signal applied to it for some values of frequency, whereas the all-pass filter allows all frequencies through without changes in level.

Angular frequency
In physics, angular frequency (symbol ω), also called angular speed and angular rate, is a scalar measure of the angle rate (the angle per unit time) or the temporal rate of change of the phase argument of a sinusoidal waveform or sine function (for example, in oscillations and waves).
Angular frequency (or angular speed) is the magnitude of the pseudovector quantity angular velocity.

Angular frequency can be obtained by multiplying rotational frequency, ν (or ordinary frequency, f) by a full turn (2π radians): ω = 2π rad⋅ν.
It can also be formulated as ω = dθ/dt, the instantaneous rate of change of the angular displacement, θ, with respect to time, t.
2018 AAA Texas 500
The 2018 AAA Texas 500 was a Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series race that was held on November 4, 2018, at Texas Motor Speedway in Fort Worth, Texas. Contested over 337 laps – extended from 334 laps due to an overtime finish – on the 1.5-mile (2.4-kilometre) intermediate quad-oval, it was the 34th race of the 2018 Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series season, the eighth race of the Playoffs, and the second race of the Round of 8.

Leading 177 laps during the race, Stewart-Haas Racing driver Kevin Harvick took his 8th victory of the season, which was initially thought to advance him to the Championship 4. However, Harvick's car was found to have a non-conforming spoiler during post-race technical checks, and as a result, lost his automatic qualification to the Championship 4.

Green–white–checkered finish
In North American auto racing, a green–white–checker finish (GWC) is a racing restart procedure in which the race is restarted from a caution period with 2 laps remaining. When the race distance is extended to accommodate such a finish, it is also sometimes known as an overtime finish. The name alludes to three racing flags:

Green flag: shown to start or restart the race

White flag: shown at the start of the last lap

Checkered flag: shown at the finish of the race

The prescribed number of final laps is usually two. If a caution flag is shown within the specified number of laps of the scheduled finish, then the number of remaining laps will not be decremented until the green flag is shown again. The exact provisions vary between organizations. For some years after 2007, NASCAR on Fox referred to the extra laps after the scheduled number as Overdrive, an allusion to the term overtime used in many other sports. NASCAR officially adopted the term "NASCAR Overtime" in 2016.
HMS Levant
Two ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Levant, after the Levant, an historic name for the Eastern Mediterranean. A third was to have been renamed Levant, but this was never carried out:

HMS Levant (1758) was a 28-gun sixth rate launched in 1758 and broken up by 1780.

HMS Levant was to have been a 36-gun fifth rate captured from the Danes in 1807 as HMS Venus. She was to have been renamed in 1809, but instead was reduced to harbour service that year and was sold in 1815.

HMS Levant (1813) was a 20-gun sixth rate launched in 1813. She was briefly captured in 1813, but was soon recaptured, and was broken up in 1820.

Fifth-rate
In the rating system of the Royal Navy used to categorise sailing warships, a fifth-rate was the second-smallest class of warships in a hierarchical system of six "ratings" based on size and firepower.
Ester (surname)
Ester may be a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Laura Ester (1990), Spanish female water polo goalkeeper

Martin Ester, Canadian-German computer scientist

Odette Ester (1915–2010), French resistance fighter and anarchist activist

Pauline Ester, French singer born Sabrina Ocon in 1963

Peter Ester (1953–2022), Dutch sociologist and politician

Sofia Ester (born 1978), Portuguese author

Laura Ester
Laura Ester Ramos (born 22 January 1990) is a Spanish water polo goalkeeper. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, she competed for the Spain women's national water polo team in the women's event, winning the silver medal.  She also competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics.  She is 5 ft 7 inches tall.
Veriano Ginesi
Veriano Ginesi (2 March 1907 – 1 July 1989) was an Italian actor.

He is known for playing Barile in La mafia mi fa un baffo (1974), directed by Riccardo Garrone; and playing Angelo banker in Even Angels Eat Beans (1973). He played a fat lady in Fellini's Roma (1972), Bald Onlooker at Tuco's 1st Hanging in The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (1966), and the truck driver in The Crazy Kids of the War (1967).

He also appeared in Cleopatra's Daughter (1960), Goliath and the Sins of Babylon (1963) as soldier, Hercules vs. Moloch (1963) as gladiator.

Goliath and the Sins of Babylon
Goliath and the Sins of Babylon (Italian: Maciste l'eroe più grande del mondo) is a 1963 peplum film directed by Michele Lupo. The film was released in the US by American International Pictures as a double feature with Samson and the Slave Queen.