hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
MacCarthy Island
MacCarthy Island, officially named Janjanbureh Island and originally known as Lemain Island, is an island located approximately 170 miles (272 km) upriver from the mouth of the Gambia River, in eastern Gambia, in the Janjanbureh District. Located on the island is the second-largest town in the country, Janjanbureh, but on many maps it still appears by its European name of Georgetown. In addition to being a destination for some wildlife tourists, the island is also the home of Gambia's largest prison.

Districts of the Gambia
The Gambia is subdivided into 43 districts.  They are listed below Local Government Areas (previously Regions, known as Divisions until 2007), each with its population at the 15 April 2013 census (provisional returns).

The former Banjul Region is now divided into two Local Government Areas (LGAs) - Banjul City (which is now subdivided into 3 districts) and Kanifing (consisting of a single district).

The former Central River Division is now divided into two LGAs - Kuntaur LGA in the west and Janjanbureh LGA in the east.

Each of the other former Divisions has now become an LGA with no change in extent (although each was renamed after its administrative centre).
2018 Indy Lights
The 2018 Indy Lights season was the 33rd season of the Indy Lights open wheel motor racing series and the 17th sanctioned by IndyCar, acting as the primary support series for the IndyCar Series. A 17-race schedule was announced on October 17, 2017.

Patricio O'Ward dueled the entire season with his Andretti Autosport teammate Colton Herta, ultimately clinching the title by winning the penultimate race of the season. O'Ward had nine wins with four other podium finishes while Herta captured four consecutive wins in the first half of the season, including the Freedom 100, but also finished second seven times. Belardi Auto Racing's Santiago Urrutia captured two race wins and finished third in the championship. Andretti's Ryan Norman and Juncos Racing's Victor Franzoni each had a single win and finished fourth and fifth in the championship respectively. There were only seven full-time entries. Andretti Autosport soundly won the team championship.

Ryan Norman
Ryan Norman (born March 19, 1998, in Aurora, Ohio) is an American racing driver. Norman is a former motocross rider and is currently competing in the Michelin Pilot Challenge, driving for Bryan Herta Autosport and won the 2020 IMSA TCR Championship for the team. He formerly drove for Andretti Autosport in Indy Lights with multiple wins and podiums, and ran a race in the IndyCar Series in 2021 with Dale Coyne Racing.
Burakov
Burakov (Russian: Бураков) is a Russian masculine surname, its feminine counterpart is Burakova. Notable people with the surname include:

Aleksandr Burakov (born 1987), Russian football player

Marina Burakova (born 1966), Russian football player

Viktor Burakov (1955–2025), Ukrainian sprinter

Vladimir Burakov (1954–2024), Russian politician

Volodymyr Burakov (born 1985), Ukrainian sprinter

Vladimir Burakov
Vladimir Yuryevich Burakov (6 November 1954 – December 2024) was a Russian politician who served as chairman of the Party of Pensioners for Social Justice from 26 July 2016 until his death in December 2024.

Born on 6 November 1954, in Kharkov, Burakov graduated from the Moscow Aviation Institute in 1977 and the Moscow Higher Party School in 1989. He worked at several agencies such as the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation before becoming leader of the Party of Pensioners for Social Justice in 2016 after the dismissal of his predecessor, Evgeniy Petrovich Artyukh.

Burakov was a widower and has two daughters. He died in December 2024, at the age of 70.
EndNote Click
EndNote Click (formerly Kopernio) is a freely available plugin allowing researchers to access papers in subscription-based scientific journals, to which they are subscribed through their higher education libraries, even when the user is off-campus. The tool works by recording the institutional subscriptions each user has and searches for full-text versions of selected papers to which the user may have access.

Plug-in (computing)
In computing, a plug-in (also spelled plugin), add-in (also addin, add-on, or addon) or extension is a software component that extends the functionality of an existing software system without requiring the system to be re-built. A plug-in feature is one way that a system can be customizable.

Applications support plug-ins for a variety of reasons including:

Enable third-party developers to extend an application

Support easily adding new features

Reduce the size of an application by not loading unused features

Separate source code from an application because of incompatible software licenses
Endel Rikand
Endel Rikand (9 April 1906 – 17 August 1944) was an Estonian sport shooter.

He was born in Riga. In 1926 he graduated from State Industry School (Estonian: Riigi Tööstuskool).

He began his shooting career in 1932. He won 4 medals at ISSF World Shooting Championships. He was two-times Estonian champion in different shooting disciplines. 1934–1939 he was a member of Estonian national sport shooting team.

1943–1944 he participated on Continuation War in Finland. He died in 1944 in a battle near Narva.

ISSF World Shooting Championships
The ISSF World Shooting Championships are governed by the International Shooting Sport Federation. These championships, including all ISSF shooting events, are held every four years since 1954. For the shotgun events only, there is an additional World Championship competition in odd years.
Solvated metal atom dispersion
Solvated metal atom dispersion is a method of producing highly reactive solvated nanoparticles. Samples of a metal (or ceramic) are heated to evaporate free atoms (or species), as in PVD evaporation. This vapor is then co-deposited with a suitable organic solvent (e.g. toluene) at very low temperatures (on the order of 70K) to form a solid mixture of the two. This is then warmed towards room temperature, producing solvated metal atoms or (over time) larger clusters. Sometimes, catalyst supports (such as SiO2 or Al2O3) are added to improve nucleation, as the process can more readily take place on surface OH groups.

Hydroxy group
In chemistry, a hydroxy or hydroxyl group is a functional group with the chemical formula −OH and composed of one oxygen atom covalently bonded to one hydrogen atom. In organic chemistry, alcohols and carboxylic acids contain one or more hydroxy groups. Both the negatively charged anion HO−, called hydroxide, and the neutral radical HO·, known as the hydroxyl radical, consist of an unbonded hydroxy group.

According to IUPAC definitions, the term hydroxyl refers to the hydroxyl radical (·OH) only, while the functional group −OH is called a hydroxy group.
Generation Sex
"Generation Sex" is a song by the Divine Comedy. It was the first single from the album Fin de Siècle and features narration by presenter and columnist Katie Puckrik. It reached number nineteen on the UK Singles Chart.

The B-sides "Time Lapse" and "Chasing Sheep Is Best Left to Shepherds" are cover versions of music written by composer Michael Nyman for Peter Greenaway films. "Time Lapse" comes from A Zed & Two Noughts while "Chasing Sheep..." is from The Draughtsman's Contract.

Michael Nyman
Michael Laurence Nyman, CBE (born 23 March 1944) is an English composer, pianist, librettist, musicologist, and filmmaker. He is known for numerous film scores (many written during his lengthy collaboration with the filmmaker Peter Greenaway), and his multi-platinum soundtrack album to Jane Campion's The Piano. He has written a number of operas, including The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat; Letters, Riddles and Writs; Noises, Sounds & Sweet Airs; Facing Goya; Man and Boy: Dada; Love Counts; and Sparkie: Cage and Beyond. He has written six concerti, five string quartets, and many other chamber works, many for his Michael Nyman Band. He is also a performing pianist. Nyman prefers to write opera over other forms of music.
Ibrahim Bundu
Ibrahim Rassin Bundu is a Sierra Leonean politician and the current majority leader of the Sierra Leone Parliament. Bundu was previously the minority whip and deputy majority leader of parliament. He is a prominent and senior member of the All People's Congress (APC) party.

Ibrahim Bundu is the younger brother of Sierra Leonean economist and one of the country's most famous politicians Abass Bundu, who is a member of the opposition Sierra Leone People's Party.

Ibrahim Bundu was first elected to parliament during 2002 Parliamentary elections, and has been re-elected twice in 2007 and 2012 by a large margins. Bundu represents Constituency fifty one that comprises Dibia chiefdom, in Port Loko District in the Sierra Leone House of Parliament.

Bundu is a native of Gbinti, Karene District in Northern Sierra Leone; and a member of the Fula ethnic group. He is a close ally of Sierra Leone's president Ernest Bai Koroma.

Parliament of Sierra Leone
Parliament of Sierra Leone is the legislative branch of the government of Sierra Leone. It is principally responsible for making laws. The Sierra Leone parliament consists of 149 members, of which 135 members are directly elected from across Sierra Leone's 16 districts, while 14 are paramount chiefs appointed from the 14 rural districts. The parliament is led by the Speaker of the House; the position is currently held by Abass Bundu of the Sierra Leone People's Party. The current elected 135 ordinary members of parliament are composed of members of the All People's Congress and the Sierra Leone People's Party which are the two largest political parties in Sierra Leone.
Samuel Cass
Samuel Cass (1 May 1908–1975) was a Canadian rabbi. He "was among the first Canadian-born rabbis to occupy a Canadian pulpit".

Born in Toronto, Cass studied at the City College of New York and the Jewish Theological Seminary. He served as rabbi at the Congregation Beth Israel in Vancouver from 1933 until 1941. He briefly served a congregation in Seattle before enlisting as a chaplain in the Canadian Army during the Second World War. After the liberation of Belgium he organized a Hanukkah party for Jewish orphans in Antwerp. He also delivered Shabbat services for survivors at Westerbork.

After leaving the army, Cass became director of the B'nai B'rith Hillel Foundation at McGill University. He later worked at the Miriam Home for the Exceptional in Montreal. Cass, his wife, and his son were killed in an automobile accident in 1975.

Liberation of Belgium
The Liberation of Belgium from German occupation began on 2 September 1944 when Allied forces entered the province of Hainaut and was completed on 4 February 1945 with the liberation of the village of Krewinkel. The liberation came after four years of German-occupied rule. The Belgian government was returned to power on 8 September 1944 after Allied forces had captured Brussels four days earlier.
Hi Honey, I'm Home!
Hi Honey, I'm Home! is an American television sitcom that ran from July 19, 1991, to July 12, 1992, for 13 episodes. Each week, a new episode of the series aired on ABC as part of its Friday night TGIF lineup. The same episode would re-air Sunday night on Nickelodeon as part of the channel's Nick at Nite lineup. ABC stopped airing the series after the sixth episode of the first season. The show's second and final season only aired on Nick at Nite before being canceled in July 1992. The series was taped before a live audience in Nickelodeon Studios at Universal Studios Florida.

Nickelodeon Studios
Nickelodeon Studios was a production studio and theme park attraction run by the television network Nickelodeon at Universal Studios Florida.

Opening on June 7, 1990, as The First World Headquarters for Kids, the studio attracted young tourists as contestants and audience members for Nickelodeon's live-action programming. At its peak, the studio employed 400 people and was the largest production studio in Florida, bringing $110 million in business to the state by 1994.

The studio closed permanently on April 30, 2005, after much of Nickelodeon's production had moved to Nickelodeon on Sunset in Los Angeles. Nickelodeon Studios produced over 2,000 episodes of original programming.
Ladi'Sasha Jones
Ladi'Sasha Jones is a writer and curator from Harlem. Currently, she is the Sophie Davis Curatorial Fellow for Gender and Racial Parity at the Norton Museum of Art. "She held prior appointments at the New Museum’s IdeasCity platform and NYPL’s Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture." "She approaches her documentation practice by working from the intersections of cultural equity, art and collective work." She holds a B.A. in African American Studies at Temple University and a M.A. in Arts Politics from the NYU Tisch School of Arts.

Norton Museum of Art
The Norton Museum of Art is an art museum in West Palm Beach, Florida. The museum has a collection that includes over 8,200 works, with a concentration in European, American, and Chinese art as well as in contemporary art and photography. In 2003, it overtook the John and Mable Ringling Museum of Art, in Sarasota, to become the largest museum in Florida.
Violet & Daisy
Violet & Daisy is a 2011 American crime comedy-drama film written, produced, and directed by Geoffrey Fletcher in his directorial debut. The film stars Saoirse Ronan, Alexis Bledel, Danny Trejo, Marianne Jean-Baptiste, and James Gandolfini in one of his last acting roles before his death on June 19, 2013. Supporting roles are performed by John Ventimiglia, Danny Hoch, and Tatiana Maslany. Violet & Daisy follows two teenage assassins named Violet and Daisy who accept what they think will be a quick-and-easy job, until an unexpected target throws them off their plan.

Violet & Daisy was released on September 15, 2011, at the Toronto International Film Festival and was given a limited theatrical release on June 7, 2013. Geoffrey S. Fletcher credits Pulp Fiction, Superbad, and Thelma & Louise as inspiration for this film.

Violet & Daisy was also adapted for the stage and performed at The New School in 2019.

Danny Hoch
Daniel Hoch (born November 23, 1970) is an American actor, writer, director, and performance artist. He has acted in larger roles in independent and art house movies and had a few small roles in mainstream Hollywood films, with increasing exposure as in 2007's We Own the Night. He is also known for his one-man shows.
Steve Hettinger
Stephen Ray "Steve" Hettinger (born August 25, 1945) is an American politician who served as mayor of Huntsville, Alabama, from 1988 to 1996. During this period, Hettinger became particularly involved in leading the recovery of the city in the aftermath of the Huntsville Tornado of 1989.

November 1989 tornado outbreak
A destructive tornado outbreak struck a wide swath of the Southern and Eastern United States as well as Canada on November 15 and 16, 1989. It produced at least 40 tornadoes and caused 30 deaths as a result of two deadly tornadoes. The most devastating event was the Huntsville, Alabama F4 tornado, which killed 21 on the afternoon of November 15. Nine more fatalities occurred at a single elementary school by an F1 tornado on November 16 in Newburgh, New York, although further survey revealed that this might have been a downburst instead. This outbreak also produced the most tornadoes in a single day in New Jersey, later tied on April 1, 2023. Several other significant tornadoes were reported across 15 states.
Peperino
Peperino is an Italian word describing a brown or grey volcanic tuff, containing fragments of basalt and limestone, with disseminated crystals of augite, mica, magnetite, leucite, and other similar minerals. The name originally referred to the dark-colored inclusions, suggestive of peppercorns.

The typical peperino occurs in the Alban Hills and in Soriano nel Cimino, near Rome, and was used by the ancient Romans under the name of lapis albanus as a building stone and for the basins of fountains.

Other tuffs and conglomerates in Auvergne and elsewhere are also called peperino.  In English the word has sometimes been written "peperine".

Lazian peperino is a cousin to piperno tuff from Campania.

Mica
Micas (/ˈmaɪkəz/ MY-kəz) are a group of silicate minerals whose outstanding physical characteristic is that individual mica crystals can easily be split into fragile elastic plates. This characteristic is described as perfect basal cleavage. Mica is common in igneous and metamorphic rock and is occasionally found as small flakes in sedimentary rock. It is particularly prominent in many granites, pegmatites, and schists, and "books" (large individual crystals) of mica several feet across have been found in some pegmatites.

Micas are used in products such as drywalls, paints, and fillers, especially in parts for automobiles, roofing, and in electronics. The mineral is used in cosmetics and food to add "shimmer" or "frost".
2014 Punta del Este ePrix
The 2014 Punta del Este ePrix, formally the 2014 FIA Formula E Julius Baer Punta del Este ePrix was a Formula E motor race held on 13 December 2014 at the Punta del Este Street Circuit in Punta del Este, Uruguay. It was the first Punta del Este ePrix and the third championship race of the single-seater, electrically powered racing car series' inaugural season, the first in the Americas.

Nico Prost
Nicolas Jean Prost (born 18 August 1981) is a French professional racing driver. He competed in the FIA Formula E Championship between 2014 and 2018. Previously, he was a longstanding racer in the FIA World Endurance Championship for Lotus Rebellion Racing. He competes in the Andros Trophy.

Prost was a reserve driver for the now defunct Lotus F1 team. He is a son of four-time Formula One world champion Alain Prost.
Sowjet
Sowjet (Soviet in German) was a German monthly communist publication, edited by Paul Levi, printed in Berlin. The first issue was published on 1 July 1919. Following Levi's expulsion from the Communist Party of Germany, the journal, from 1 July 1921, changed its orientation and was henceforth published under the name of Unser Weg  ('Our Way' in German). By the end of 1922 it ceased publication.

Among its contributors were Henriette Roland-Holst, Paul Frölich, Adolf Maslow, Fritz Geyer, and others.

Paul Frölich
Paul Frölich (7 August 1884 – 16 March 1953) was a German journalist and author. As a left-wing political activist, he was a founding member of the Communist Party of Germany (KPD) and founder of the party's paper, Die Rote Fahne. A KPD deputy in the Reichstag on two occasions, Frölich was expelled from the party in 1928, after which he joined the organized German Communist Opposition movement. Frölich is best remembered as a biographer of Rosa Luxemburg.
George Neville (priest)
George Neville  (29 July 1509; 6 September 1567) was Archdeacon of Carlisle from 1558 until his death.

Threlkeld was born at Well, North Yorkshire the fourth son of Richard Neville, 2nd Baron Latimer. He was educated at the University of Cambridge. He held livings at  Burton Latimer, Spofforth, Leake, Rothbury and Great Salkeld.

Spofforth, North Yorkshire
Spofforth /ˈspɒfərθ/ is a village in the civil parish of Spofforth with Stockeld, in North Yorkshire, England. It is about 3 miles (4.8 km) north-west of Wetherby and 5 miles (8 km) south of Harrogate, on the River Crimple, a tributary of the River Nidd.
Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986
The Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986 (c. 14), sometimes referred to as ASPA, is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom passed in 1986, which regulates the use of animals used for research in the UK. The act permits studies to be conducted using animals for procedures such as breeding genetically modified animals, medical and veterinary advances, education, environmental toxicology and includes procedures requiring surgery, if certain criteria are met. Revised legislation came into force on 1 January 2013. The original act related to the 1986 EU Directive 86/609/EEC  which was updated and replaced by EU Directive 2010/63/EU

In 2002, a Government select committee inquiry described the Act as the "...tightest system of regulation in the world" in relation to the regulation of using animals for research.

Directive 2010/63/EU
Directive 2010/63/EU is the European Union (EU) legislation "on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes" and is one of the most stringent ethical and welfare standards worldwide.

The Directive repealed Directive 86/609/EEC. It became formally applied across the EU on 1 January 2013.  It protects live non-human vertebrates including independently feeding larval forms and foetal forms of mammals from the last third of their normal development, and live cephalopods.
Pradip Humagain
Pradip Humagain is an American soccer coach. He most recently served as coach of Church Boys United & Nepal national team. In 2020, Humagain gave up Nepalese citizenship to became American Citizen and switched his nationality.

Nepal national football team
The Nepal national football team (Nepali: नेपाल राष्ट्रिय फुटबल टिम) represents Nepal in International men's football, and is governed by the All Nepal Football Association (ANFA). A member of the Asian Football Confederation (AFC), the Nepali football team plays their home games at Dasharath Stadium in Kathmandu.
Srednyaya Talacha
Srednyaya Talacha (Russian: Средняя Талача) is a rural locality (a selo) in Karymsky District, Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. Population: 156 (2021 census); 178 (2010 census); 18 (2002 census);  There are 3 streets in this selo.

Zabaykalsky Krai
Zabaykalsky Krai is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in the Russian Far East. Its administrative center is Chita. As of the 2010 Census, the population was 1,107,107.

The krai was created on 1 March 2008, as a result of a merger of Chita Oblast and Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug after a referendum held on the issue on 11 March 2007. In 2018, the krai became part of the Far Eastern Federal District.
Mockridge
Mockridge is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Bill Mockridge (born 1947), Canadian-German actor

Cyril J. Mockridge (1896–1979), English-American film and television composer

Frank Mockridge (1903–1990), Australian rules footballer

Jeremy Mockridge (born 1993), German actor

Luke Mockridge (born 1989), German comedian and author

Matthew Mockridge (born 1986), German entrepreneur and singer

Russell Mockridge (1928–1958), Australian racing cyclist

Tom Mockridge (born 1955), New Zealand businessman, current CEO of Virgin Media

Frank Mockridge
Albert Frank Mockridge (21 October 1903 – 27 March 1990) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Geelong in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Mockridge came to Geelong from Chilwell and was used mostly as a defender during his league career.

He was a back pocket in the 1930 VFL Grand Final, which Geelong lost to Collingwood. In 1931 he made just five appearances in the home and away season but was picked for his second successive grand final, as a reserve. Geelong won by 20 points and Mockridge, despite remaining on the bench for the entire game, finished his career with a premiership.