hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Slip melting point
The Slip melting point (SMP) or "slip point" is one conventional definition of the melting point of a waxy solid.  It is determined by casting a 10 mm column of the solid in a glass tube with an internal diameter of about 1 mm and a length of about 80 mm, and then
immersing it in a temperature-controlled water bath.  The slip point is
the temperature at which the column of the solid begins to rise in the tube
due to buoyancy, and because the outside surface of the solid is molten.

This is a popular method for fats and waxes, because they  tend to be mixtures of compounds with a range of molecular masses, without well-defined melting points.

Heated bath
A heated bath is used in the laboratory to allow a chemical reaction to occur at an elevated temperature.

In contrast to traditional Bunsen burners, heated baths use liquids to transfer heat to the reaction vessel. This is achieved using a high-boiling point liquid inside a thermally conducting bath (usually made of metal). Water and silicone oil are the most commonly used fluids. A water bath is used for temperatures up to 100 °C. An oil bath is employed for temperatures above 100 °C.

The heated bath is heated on an electric hot plate, or with a Bunsen burner. The reaction vessel (Florence flask, Erlenmeyer flask, or beaker) is immersed in the heated bath. A thermometer is usually kept in the fluid to monitor the temperature.
Cheung Hong (constituency)
Cheung Hong (Chinese: 長康) is one of the 31 constituencies of the Kwai Tsing District Council in Hong Kong. The seat elects one member of the council every four years. It was first created in the 1994 elections. Its boundary is loosely based on part of Cheung Hong Estate and Ching Wah Court in Tsing Yi with estimated population of 14,099.

Kwai Tsing District Council
The Kwai Tsing District Council (Chinese: 葵青區議會; noted as KWT) is the district council for the Kwai Tsing District in Hong Kong. It is one of 18 such councils. It currently consists of 32 members of which 6 are directly elected from the three constituencies of the district, 12 district committee members, 13 appointed members, and one ex-officio member who is the Tsing Yi Rural Committee chairman. The latest election was held on 10 December 2023.
Outgassing
Outgassing (sometimes called offgassing, particularly when in reference to indoor air quality) is the release of a gas that was dissolved, trapped, frozen, or absorbed in some material. Outgassing can include sublimation and evaporation (which are phase transitions of a substance into a gas), as well as desorption, seepage from cracks or internal volumes, and gaseous products of slow chemical reactions. Boiling is generally thought of as a separate phenomenon from outgassing because it consists of a phase transition of a liquid into a vapor of the same substance.

Gas
Gas is a state of matter with neither fixed volume nor fixed shape. It is a compressible form of fluid, in contrast to a liquid. A pure gas consists of individual atoms (e.g. a noble gas like neon), or molecules (e.g. oxygen (O2) or carbon dioxide). Pure gases can also be mixed together such as in the air. What distinguishes gases from liquids and solids is the vast separation of the individual gas particles. This separation can make some gases invisible to the human observer.

The gaseous state of matter occurs between the liquid and plasma states, the latter of which provides the upper-temperature boundary for gases. Bounding the lower end of the temperature scale lie degenerative quantum gases which are gaining increasing attention.
High-density atomic gases super-cooled to very low temperatures are classified by their statistical behavior as either Bose gases or Fermi gases. For a comprehensive listing of these exotic states of matter, see list of states of matter.
New Market, Delaware
New Market was a small town in the U.S. state of Delaware located between Ellendale and Milton.  At the current crossroads of Holly Tree Road and Reynolds Pond Road just east of Ellendale was the New Market Church, around which the town was located.

None of the town exists today, although the cemetery from the church yard is still at the intersection. Some small ranch homes have been built in the area in recent years, but the only namesake to the original town that stood there is New Market Village, a single wide trailer park a quarter mile east of the crossroads.

Ellendale, Delaware
Ellendale is a town in Sussex County, Delaware, United States. The population was 487 at the 2020 census, an increase of 27.8% since the 2010 census, and a 48.9% increase since the year 2000. It is part of the Salisbury, Maryland-Delaware Metropolitan Statistical Area. Ellendale is the "Gateway to Delaware's Resort Beaches" because it is the town located on U.S. Route 113, the resort area's westernmost border, and Delaware Route 16, the resort area's northernmost border with the eastern border being the Delaware Bay and Atlantic Ocean and the southern border being the state line with Maryland.
Samora Machel Constituency
Samora Machel Constituency (formerly known as Wanaheda Constituency) is a constituency in Windhoek in the Khomas Region of central  Namibia. The constituency is located across four northern suburbs of Windhoek: Wanaheda, Greenwell Matongo, Goreangab, and part of Havana. It had a population of 50,110 in 2011, up from 29,382 in 2001. As of 2020 it had 45,962 registered voters.

Most of the residents of this constituency are formally unemployed and derive their income from informal employment and small enterprises like shebeens and car washes. The impact of HIV/AIDS is high.

Shebeen
A shebeen (Irish: síbín, "home-made whiskey") was originally an illicit bar or club where accessible alcoholic beverages were sold without a licence. The term has spread far from its origins in Ireland, and is particularly common in South Africa. It has also been used in Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, Zambia, Namibia, Malawi, Zimbabwe, and the English-speaking Caribbean, including Jamaica. In modern South Africa, many shebeens are now fully legal.
Lincoln Park High School (Chicago)
Lincoln Park High School (LPHS) is a public 4–year high school located in the Lincoln Park neighborhood on the north side of Chicago, Illinois, United States.  Lincoln Park High School, operated by the Chicago Public Schools district, opened its main present building in 1900. The school borders Oz Park, a public park owned by the Chicago Park District. It was formerly known as North Division High School and then Robert A. Waller High School. In 1981, the school began its International Baccalaureate (IB) program. It was one of the first schools to begin the program within the Chicago Public Schools district.

Chicago Park District
The Chicago Park District is a municipal government agency of the City of Chicago. It is one of the oldest and the largest park districts in the United States.

As of 2016, there are over 600 parks included in the Chicago Park District as well as 27 beaches, 10 boat docking harbors, two botanic conservatories, a zoo, 11 museums, and one stadium. The Chicago Park District also has more than over 230 field houses, 78 public pools, and dozens of sports and recreational facilities, with year-round programming. It also owns and operates the lakefront stadium, Soldier Field, which the Chicago Bears and Chicago Fire FC lease. The district is an independent taxing authority as defined by Illinois State Statute and is considered a separate (or "sister") agency of the City of Chicago. The district's headquarters are located in the Brighton Park community area on the West Side of Chicago.
Exchange of women
The exchange of women is an element of alliance theory — the structuralist theory of Claude Lévi-Strauss and other anthropologists who see society as based upon the patriarchal treatment of women as property, being given to other men to cement alliances.  Such formal exchange may be seen in the ceremony of the traditional Christian wedding, in which the bride is given to the groom by her father.

Bridegroom
A bridegroom (often shortened to groom) is a man who is about to be married or who is newlywed.

When marrying, the bridegroom's future spouse is usually referred to as the bride.  A bridegroom is typically attended by a best man and groomsmen.
EMS VCS 3
The VCS 3 (or VCS3; an initialism for Voltage Controlled Studio, version #3) is a portable analogue synthesizer with a flexible modular voice architecture introduced by Electronic Music Studios (EMS) in 1969.

EMS released the product under various names. Logos printed at the console's front left (see photos) say "V.C.S. 3" on the most widely sold version; "The Putney (VCS 3)" on the earlier version; and "The Synthi (VCS 3) II" on the later version "Synthi VCS 3 II".

The Alan Parsons Project
The Alan Parsons Project were a British rock duo formed in London in 1975. Its official membership consisted of producer, audio engineer, musician and composer Alan Parsons, and singer, songwriter and pianist Eric Woolfson. They shared writing credits on almost all of their songs, with Parsons producing or co-producing all of the recordings, while being accompanied by various session musicians, some relatively consistently to the point that they are considered as members by many fans.

The Alan Parsons Project released eleven studio albums over a 15-year career, the most successful ones being I Robot (1977), The Turn of a Friendly Card (1980) and Eye in the Sky (1982). Many of their albums are conceptual in nature and focus on science fiction, supernatural, literary and sociological themes. Among the group's most popular songs are "I Wouldn't Want to Be Like You", "Games People Play", "Time", "Sirius", "Eye in the Sky", and "Don't Answer Me".
Come and Get with Me
"Come and Get with Me" is the lead single from Keith Sweat's sixth studio album, Still in the Game. The song was produced by Keith Sweat himself and featured two rapped verses from Snoop Dogg.

The song became Sweat's seventh top-40 single on the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at No. 12 on the chart. It also became his fifth and final single to earn a gold certification for sales of 500,000 copies, accomplishing the feat on November 9, 1998. The official remix was produced by Clark Kent and featured Noreaga in place of Snoop Dogg.

DJ Clark Kent
Rodolfo Antonio Franklin II (September 28, 1966 – October 24, 2024), known professionally as DJ Clark Kent, was an American hip hop DJ and record producer. His crew of DJs was called "The Supermen", and his DJ moniker was derived from the name of Superman's alter ego.
Electrical Audio
Electrical Audio is a recording facility founded in Chicago, Illinois by musician and recording engineer Steve Albini in 1997. Hundreds of independent music projects have been recorded there. Unlike most producers, Albini refused to take any royalties from musicians who record at the studio.

Founded during an era of increasing popularity for digital recording, Electrical Audio was unusual for using only analog recording technology, including mixing consoles, tape recorders and many outboard sound effects. The rooms are also designed to offer natural reverberation rather than adding the quality in post-production.

In a 2007 post on the studio's message board, the studio's technician Greg Norman revealed that the studio had acquired a Pro Tools rig for computer-aided recording and editing, saying it had become "as important to have as a piano". Norman also went on to write that Albini, who disliked digital recording, "won't be recording with [Pro Tools]. So don't ask him about it."

Royalty payment
A royalty payment is a payment made by one party to another that owns a particular asset, for the right to ongoing use of that asset. Royalties are typically agreed upon as a percentage of gross or net revenues derived from the use of an asset or a fixed price per unit sold of an item of such, but there are also other modes and metrics of compensation. A royalty interest is the right to collect a stream of future royalty payments.

A license agreement defines the terms under which a resource or property are licensed by one party ( party means the periphery behind it) to another, either without restriction or subject to a limitation on term, business or geographic territory, type of product, etc. License agreements can be regulated, particularly where a government is the resource owner, or they can be private contracts that follow a general structure. However, certain types of franchise agreements have comparable provisions.
Isonicotinic acid
Isonicotinic acid or pyridine-4-carboxylic acid is an organic compound with the formula C5H4N(CO2H). It is a derivative of pyridine with a carboxylic acid substituent at the 4-position. It is an isomer of picolinic acid and nicotinic acid, which have the carboxyl group at the 2- and 3-position respectively compared to the 4-position for isonicotinic acid.

Pyridine
Pyridine is a basic heterocyclic organic compound with the chemical formula C5H5N. It is structurally related to benzene, with one methine group (=CH−) replaced by a nitrogen atom (=N−).  It is a highly flammable, weakly alkaline, water-miscible liquid with a distinctive, unpleasant fish-like smell. Pyridine is colorless, but older or impure samples can appear yellow. The pyridine ring occurs in many commercial compounds, including agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and vitamins. Historically, pyridine was produced from coal tar. As of 2016, it is synthesized on the scale of about 20,000 tons per year worldwide.
Pedrosillo de los Aires
Pedrosillo de los Aires is a village and large municipality in the province of Salamanca, western Spain, part of the autonomous community of Castile-Leon. It is located 32 kilometres (20 mi) from the provincial capital city of Salamanca and has a population of 384 people.

Province of Salamanca
Salamanca (Spanish pronunciation: [salaˈmaŋka]) is a province of western Spain, in the western part of the autonomous community of Castile and León (Castilla y León). It is bordered by the provinces of Ávila, Cáceres, Valladolid, and Zamora, and on the west by Portugal. It has an area of 12,349 km2 and in 2018 had a population of 331,473 people. It is divided into 362 municipalities, 11 comarcas, 32 mancomunidades, and five judicial districts. Of the 362 municipalities, more than half are villages with fewer than 300 people.
Andrea Kdolsky
Andrea Kdolsky (née Pelucha, born 2 November 1962) is an Austrian physician and retired politician (Non-party, until 2023 ÖVP) who was Minister for Health, Family and Youth in the Gusenbauer government.

Kdolsky was born and grew up in Vienna. She originally began studying law and economics, but ultimately completed a Doctor of Medicine in 1993 at the University of Vienna. She subsequently worked as an anaesthesiologist.

From 11 January 2007 to 2 December 2008 Kdolsky was Minister for Health, Family and Youth in the cabinet of Alfred Gusenbauer. She was ÖVP Minister.

After retirement from politics she became a consultant on health care.

Andrea Kdolsky is a former member of the Austrian People's Party. In March 2023 she left the party after a state government was formed from the ÖVP and the FPÖ in Lower Austria after the state elections in January 2023. She rejects the FPÖ under state party leader Udo Landbauer.

Minister of health
A health minister is the member of a country's government typically responsible for protecting and promoting public health and providing welfare spending and other social security services.

Some governments have separate ministers for mental health.
Everything and More (Michelle Wright album)
Everything and More is the seventh studio album by the Canadian singer Michelle Wright. It was released on July 4, 2006, on Icon Records. The album includes the singles "Everything and More", "Love Me Anyway" and "I've Forgotten You", which had been a single for the American bluegrass singer Rhonda Vincent. "My Give a Damn's Busted" was a Number One country hit in 2005 for Jo Dee Messina, and "Dance in the Boat" was a single for The Kinleys in 1998 from their album Just Between You and Me.

Jo Dee Messina
Jo Dee Marie Messina (born August 25, 1970) is an American country music artist. She has charted six number-one singles on the Billboard country music charts. She has been honored by the Country Music Association and the Academy of Country Music, and has been nominated for two Grammy Awards. She was the first female country artist to score three multiple-week number-one songs from the same album. To date, she has two platinum and three gold-certified albums by the RIAA.

Messina debuted in 1996 with the single "Heads Carolina, Tails California." Her album was certified gold by the RIAA. Her second album, I'm Alright, produced five top-10 country hits between 1998 and 1999, and sold over a million copies in America. Since her debut, six of her singles have peaked at number one on the Billboard country singles chart and five of her albums have received a certification by the RIAA or the CRIA. She has sold over 5 million records worldwide.
Gildersleeve Prize
The Gildersleeve Prize is an annual award of $1,000 to the author of "the best article of the year" published in the American Journal of Philology. It is awarded by The Johns Hopkins University Press and is named after the classical scholar Basil Lanneau Gildersleeve who founded the journal. As of 2018, the prize was renamed the AJP Best Article Prize.

Johns Hopkins University Press
Johns Hopkins University Press (also referred to as JHU Press or JHUP) is the publishing division of Johns Hopkins University. It was founded in 1878 and is the oldest continuously running university press in the United States. The press publishes books and journals, and operates other divisions including fulfillment and electronic databases. Its headquarters are in Charles Village section of Baltimore, Maryland.

In 2017, after the retirement of Kathleen Keane, who is credited with modernizing JHU Press for the digital age, the university appointed new director Barbara Pope.
Oreste Barale
Oreste Barale (4 October 1904 – 1982) also known as Barale III was an Italian football player from Pezzana Vercellese in the Province of Vercelli. He played club football as a midfielder for Juventus winning two league titles; he also played with Alessandria.

Pezzana
Pezzana (Piedmontese: Psan-a) is a comune (municipality) of about 1,000 inhabitants in the Province of Vercelli in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) northeast of Turin and about 8 kilometres (5 mi) southeast of Vercelli.

Pezzana borders the following municipalities: Asigliano Vercellese, Caresana, Palestro, Prarolo, Rosasco, and Stroppiana.
Sankar Gupta
Sankar Gupta (1940 - 1983) was an Indian Communist leader. He was a member of the Communist Party of India (Marxist). He was elected as a Member of the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal from Jadavpur constituency in 1982.

West Bengal Legislative Assembly
The West Bengal Legislative Assembly is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of West Bengal. It is located in the B. B. D. Bagh area of Kolkata, the capital of the state. Members of the Legislative assembly are directly elected by the people. The legislative assembly comprises 294 Members of Legislative Assembly, all directly elected from single-seat constituencies. Its term is five years, unless sooner dissolved.
Digna... hasta el último aliento
Digna... hasta el último aliento ("Digna (dignified)... until the last breath") is a Mexican film released in 2003.

This documentary is about Digna Ochoa Plácido, a human rights activist. She had died under mysterious circumstances in 2001 in Mexico City, following  her kidnapping by the federal police in 1999. It was presented at the Guadalajara and Berlin Film Festivals. It won the Ariel Award in 2005 in the category of Best Feature Length Documentary ("Mejor Largometraje Documental") for Felipe Cazals. It was also nominated for the Ariel Award for the Best Actress (Vanessa Bauche).

Vanessa Bauche
Vanessa Bauche (Spanish pronunciation: [baˈnesa ˈβawtʃe] born Alma Vanessa Bauche Chavira; February 18, 1973) is a Mexican television, theatre and film actress. She is best known for playing as Nora in the Apple TV+ series “Acapulco”. She also appeared in many Mexican television series and movies.
John F. Gillis
John F. Gillis (October 21, 1843 – January 23, 1899) was a physician and political figure in Prince Edward Island. He represented 5th Prince in the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island from 1883 to 1890 as a Conservative member.

He was born in Miscouche, Prince Edward Island, the son of John P. Gillis, of Scottish descent. He was educated at St. Dunstan's College in Charlottetown and McGill College. Gillis set up practice in Summerside. In 1882, he married Regina Doyle.

Gillis died in Summerside at the age of 55.

Miscouche
Miscouche (2021 population: 992) is a municipality that holds community status in Prince Edward Island, Canada. It is located in Prince County.

Incorporated in 1957, Miscouche is located 10 kilometres west of the City of Summerside. Its name is derived from the Mi'kmaq term for "Little grassy island".

Miscouche is east to the Evangeline Region, the province's largest francophone area comprising numerous Acadian settlements; 15% of Miscouche's population is considered francophone.  Miscouche also serves as a service centre for some nearby rural communities, including Belmont, Central Lot 16, Southwest Lot 16, Grand River, St. Nicolas, and Linkletter.
Vaggeryd
Vaggeryd is a locality situated in Vaggeryd Municipality, Jönköping County, Sweden with 4,920 inhabitants in 2010. Together with Skillingaryd it is the seat of the municipality.

Vaggeryd is situated about 10 km north of its co-municipal seat Skillingaryd. Parts of the municipal administration are located in Vaggeryd.

Vaggeryd was originally the seat for multiple furniture manufacturers, most of which have now shut down.

Urban areas in Sweden
An urban area or tätort (lit. 'dense locality') in Sweden has a minimum of 200 inhabitants and may be a city, town or larger village. It is a purely statistical concept, not defined by any municipal or county boundaries. Larger urban areas synonymous with cities or towns (Swedish: stad for both terms) for statistical purposes have a minimum of 10,000 inhabitants. The same statistical definition is also used for urban areas in the other Nordic countries.

In 2018, there were nearly two thousand urban areas in Sweden, which were inhabited by 87% of the Swedish population.

Urban area is a common English translation of the Swedish term tätort. The official term in English used by Statistics Sweden is, however, "locality" (Swedish: ort). It could be compared with "census-designated places" in the United States.
Chak Pira Shah
Chak Pira Shah is a village in Amawan block of Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located 11 km from Raebareli, the district headquarters. As of 2011, its population is 819, in 133 households. It has one primary school and no healthcare facilities.

The 1961 census recorded Chak Pira Shah (as "Chak Peer Shah") as comprising 3 hamlets, with a total population of 337 people (163 male and 174 female), in 66 households and 64 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 254 acres.

The 1981 census recorded Chak Pira Shah (as "Chak Perashah") as having a population of 508 people, in 113 households, and having an area of 98.75 hectares. The main staple foods were listed as wheat and rice.

Raebareli
Raebareli (Hindi: Rāēbarēlī, pronounced [ɾaɛbəɾeliː] ⓘ) is a city in Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is the administrative headquarters of Raebareli district, and a part of Lucknow Division and comes under the Uttar Pradesh State Capital Region (UP-SCR). The city is situated on the banks of the Sai River, and center of four metropolitan cities i.e. Lucknow, Prayagraj, Ayodhya, and Kanpur. It possesses many architectural features and sites, chief of which is a strong and spacious fort. As of 2011, Raebareli had a population of 191,316 people, in 35,197 households.