hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Land lottery
A land lottery or land ballot is a method of allocating land ownership or the right to occupy land by lot.

Some examples are:

Moses' allocation of Promised Land territory to the Israelite tribes by lot, as mandated in Numbers 26:55 and 33:54 and effected by his successor Joshua in Joshua 13:6.

The Georgia Land Lotteries held between 1805 and 1833

The allocation of land in the former Kiowa-Comanche and Apache reservation in Oklahoma Territory on August 6, 1901.

The allocation of reclaimed land at Tule Lake, California, to returning veteran homesteaders after World War II. It is reported that prospective settlers' names were drawn from a pickle jar because the number of applicants was greater than the number of homesteads available.

Georgia Land Lotteries
The Georgia land lotteries were an early nineteenth century system of land redistribution in Georgia. Under this system, settlers could register for a chance to win lots of land that had been expropriated by the State of Georgia or the Federal government from the Muscogee Nation and the Cherokee Nation. The lottery system was utilized by the State of Georgia between the years 1805 and 1833 “to strengthen the state and increase the population in order to increase Georgia's power in the House of Representatives.” Although some other states used land lotteries, none were implemented at the scale of the Georgia contests. The Georgia Land Lotteries were generally restricted to free white men, with special rules relating to soldiers, widows, and children.
Hunda
Hunda is an uninhabited island in the Orkney archipelago in Scotland. It is 100 hectares (0.39 sq mi) in extent and rises to 42 metres (138 ft) above sea level. It is situated in Scapa Flow and connected to the nearby island of Burray by a causeway built in 1941 to stop passage of small surface craft as part of the boom defences, and thence to the Orkney Mainland via the Churchill Barriers.

The name is derived from the Old Norse for 'dog island'. The Vikings made the Orkney Islands  their headquarters for their expeditions against Scotland and Norway, and the islands were under the rule of Norse earls until 1231. The island is rich in bird life, and contains a disused quarry. A small inlet in the northern cliffs is known as 'Sunless Geo'.

Hunda is currently used to raise sheep and goats for wool.

58°51′15″N 2°58′39″W﻿ / ﻿58.85417°N 2.97750°W﻿ / 58.85417; -2.97750

Mainland, Orkney
The Mainland, also known as Pomona, is the main island of Orkney, Scotland. Both of Orkney's burghs, Kirkwall and Stromness, lie on the island, which is also the heart of Orkney's ferry and air connections.

Seventy-five per cent of Orkney's population live on the island, which is more densely populated than the other islands of the archipelago. The lengthy history of the island's occupation has provided numerous important archaeological sites and the sandstone bedrock provides a platform for fertile farmland. There is an abundance of wildlife, especially seabirds.
Getting Married (1955 film)
Getting Married (Swedish: Giftas) is a 1955 Swedish drama film directed by Anders Henrikson and starring Anita Björk, Elsa Carlsson and Edvin Adolphson. It was shot at the Sundbyberg Studios of Europa Film in Stockholm. The film's sets were designed by the art director Arne Åkermark. It is based on the short story collection Getting Married by August Strindberg. It is also known by the alternative title Of Love and Lust, the name under which it was given on its 1959 United States release alongside A Doll's House.

Arne Åkermark
Arne Åkermark (1902–1962) was a Swedish art director who worked on around a hundred and eighty films during a thirty-year career.

In 1948 Åkermark was employed in Britain for Ealing Studios epic Scott of the Antarctic.
Afshin Bey
Afshin ibn Bakji Bey (Turkish: Afşin Bey; fl.1033–1077) was a Turkoman general of the Seljuk Empire in the 11th century. He served three Sultans: Chaghri Beg, Alp Arslan and Malik-Shah I. He is believed to have disappeared after 1077.

Malik-Shah I
Malik-Shah I (Persian: ملک شاه یکم) was the third sultan of the Seljuk Empire from 1072 to 1092, under whom the sultanate reached the zenith of its power and influence.
During his youth, he spent his time participating in the campaigns of his father Alp Arslan, along with the latter's vizier Nizam al-Mulk. During one such campaign in 1072, Alp Arslan was fatally wounded and died only a few days later. After that, Malik-Shah was crowned as the new sultan of the empire, but the succession was contested by his uncle Qavurt. Although Malik-Shah was the nominal head of the Seljuk state, Nizam al-Mulk held near absolute power during his reign. Malik-Shah spent the rest of his reign waging war against the Karakhanids to the east and establishing order in the Caucasus.

The cause of Malik-Shah's death remains under dispute to this day; according to some scholars, he was poisoned by Abbasid caliph al-Muqtadi, while others say that he was poisoned by the supporters of Nizam al-Mulk.
Polyfullerene
Polyfullerene is a basic polymer of the C60 monomer group, in which fullerene segments are connected via covalent bonds into a polymeric chain without side or bridging groups. They are called intrinsic polymeric fullerenes, or more often all C60 polymers.

Fullerene can be part of a polymer chain in many different ways. Fullerene-containing polymers are divided into following structural categories:

Intrinsic polymeric fullerene (homopolymer),

Main-chain polymers,

Side-chain polymers,

Star polymers,

Crosslinked polymers,

End-caped polymers.

Cross-link
In chemistry and biology, a cross-link is a bond or a short sequence of bonds that links one polymer chain to another. These links may take the form of covalent bonds or ionic bonds and the polymers can be either synthetic polymers or natural polymers (such as proteins).

In polymer chemistry "cross-linking" usually refers to the use of cross-links to promote a change in the polymers' physical properties.

When "crosslinking" is used in the biological field, it refers to the use of a probe to link proteins together to check for protein–protein interactions, as well as other creative cross-linking methodologies.

Although the term is used to refer to the "linking of polymer chains" for both sciences, the extent of crosslinking and specificities of the crosslinking agents vary greatly.
Prešeren Monument (Ljubljana)
The Prešeren Monument in Ljubljana (Slovene: Prešernov spomenik), also Prešeren Statue in Ljubljana, is a late Historicist bronze statue of the Slovene national poet France Prešeren in Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia. It stands in the eastern side of Prešeren Square, in front of the Central Pharmacy Building. It is among the best-known Slovenian monuments.

Historicism (art)
Historicism or historism comprises artistic styles that draw their inspiration from recreating historic styles or imitating the work of historic artists and artisans. This is especially common in architecture, where there are many different styles of Revival architecture, which dominated large buildings in the 19th century. Through a combination of different styles or the implementation of new elements, historicism can create completely different aesthetics than former styles. Thus, it offers a great variety of possible designs.
Gas engine
A gas engine is an internal combustion engine that runs on a fuel gas (a gaseous fuel), such as coal gas, producer gas, biogas, landfill gas, natural gas or hydrogen. In the United Kingdom and British English-speaking countries, the term is unambiguous. In the United States, due to the widespread use of "gas" as an abbreviation for gasoline (petrol), such an engine is sometimes called by a clarifying term, such as gaseous-fueled engine or natural gas engine.

Generally in modern usage, the term gas engine refers to a heavy-duty industrial engine capable of running continuously at full load for periods approaching a high fraction of 8,760 hours per year, unlike a gasoline automobile engine, which is lightweight, high-revving and typically runs for no more than 4,000 hours in its entire life. Typical power ranges from 10 kW (13 hp) to 4 MW (5,364 hp).

Fuel gas
Fuel gas is one of a number of fuels that under ordinary conditions are gaseous. Most fuel gases are composed of hydrocarbons (such as methane and propane), hydrogen, carbon monoxide, or mixtures thereof. Such gases are sources of energy that can be readily transmitted and distributed through pipes.

Fuel gas is contrasted with liquid fuels and solid fuels, although some fuel gases are liquefied for storage or transport (for example, autogas and liquified petroleum gas). While their gaseous nature has advantages, avoiding the difficulty of transporting solid fuel and the dangers of spillage inherent in liquid fuels, it also has limitations. It is possible for a fuel gas to be undetected and cause a gas explosion. For this reason, odorizers are added to most fuel gases. The most common type of fuel gas in current use is natural gas.
Happyend
Happyend (stylized in Japan as HAPPYEND) is a 2024 science fiction drama film, written and directed by Neo Sora. It stars Kurihara Hayato, Hidaka Yukito, Ayumu Nakajima, Makiko Watanabe, and Shirō Sano.

It had its world premiere at the 81st Venice International Film Festival on September 2, 2024, in the Orizzonti section, and was released in Japan on October 4, 2024, by Bitters End, and was released in the United States on September 12, 2025, by Film Movement.

Orizzonti
Orizzonti (lit. 'Horizons') is a section of the Venice Film Festival's official selection. Inspired by Cannes sidebar Un Certain Regard, it features a competition of upcoming filmmakers, usually first or second works, with focus on global independent cinema.

Among the now well established filmmakers who have been part of section are: Luca Guadagnino, Josh Safdie and Ben Safdie, Hong Sang-soo, Karim Aïnouz, Frederick Wiseman, Catherine Breillat, Mohsen Makhmalbaf, Quentin Dupieux, Lav Diaz, Wang Bing, Robin Campillo, Jia Zhangke, Gianfranco Rosi, Franco Maresco, Brady Corbet, Pietro Marcello, Kaouther Ben Hania, Saeed Roustayi, Rodrigo Sorogoyen, Oliver Hermanus, Andrea Pallaoro, Gia Coppola, Ti West, Haifaa al-Mansour and Paul Morrissey.

The section usually features awards for Best Film, Best Director, Best Screenplay, Jury Prizes and acting prizes. Alongside the Best Short Film prize for the parallel Orizzonti Short Films Competition.
Alireza Panahian
Ali Reza Panahian (also Ali-Reza Panahian; Persian: علیرضا پناهیان; born 1965 Tehran) is an Iranian Twelver Shia Scholar and official. He is a Hojatoleslam (a "middle-ranked" Shia cleric) and head of Iranian Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei's "think tank for universities." In February 2011 he was among some "70 high-ranking" officials of the Islamic Republic who established an "`Ammar` organization" or "Ammar Headquarters" calling for the "trial and execution" of former presidential candidates and Iranian Green Movement protest leaders Mir-Hossein Mousavi and Mehdi Karroubi. Raja News has listed him as one of 40-odd "students, confidants and political companions" close to most ideological leader Ayatollah Mohammad-Taqi Mesbah-Yazdi.

Panahian also addressed the 2010 "Islamic Unity Seminar" in Lahore, Pakistan on the subjects of the Prophet Muhammad's "character and Islamic Unity."

Hujjat al-Islam
Hujjat al-Islam (Arabic: حجة الإسلام, romanized: ḥujjat ul-Islām, Persian: حجةالاسلام or حجت‌الاسلام, romanized: hojjat-ol-Eslām) is an Islamic honorific title which translates in English to "authority on Islam" or "proof of Islam".

The title "Hujjat al-Islam" is given to scholars with a high level of Islamic expertise and Islamic theology. Essentially, one who acquires this title is considered to be an authority on Islam worthy of respect. The person with this title is also able to provide guidance and clarify topics on issues in the Islamic community. The term "Hujjat al-Islam" has different connotation to Sunnis and Shias.
Timeline of the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests (November 2019)
The month of November 2019 in the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests started with protesting in malls and police getting into homes and malls to arrest protesters. The death of Chow Tsz-lok in Sheung Tak, Tseung Kwan O had led to more protests. In mid November, there were city-wide strikes which lasted for more than a week. Hong Kong Police officers fired tear gas in Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Hong Kong Polytechnic University (PolyU), and nearby areas. In late November, the District Council elections were held. The pro-democracy camp in conjunction with the localist groups got more than 80 per cent of the seats and gained control of 17 out of 18 District Councils.

Central, Hong Kong
Central (Chinese: 中環), also known as Central District, is the central business district of Hong Kong. It is located in the northeastern corner of the Central and Western District, on the north shore of Hong Kong Island, across Victoria Harbour from Tsim Sha Tsui, the southernmost point of Kowloon Peninsula. The area was the heart of Victoria City, although that name is rarely used anymore.

As the central business district of Hong Kong, it is the area where many multinational financial services corporations have their headquarters. Consulates of many countries are also located in this area, as is Government Hill, the site of the government headquarters until 2011. The area, with its proximity to Victoria Harbour, has served as the centre of trade and financial activities from the earliest days of the British colonial era in 1841, and continues to flourish and serve as the place of administration since the handover to China in 1997.
Triangle Strategy
Triangle Strategy is a 2022 tactical role-playing game co-developed by Square Enix and Artdink and published by Square Enix for the Nintendo Switch. Nintendo released the game internationally for the Nintendo Switch. The Windows version was published by Square Enix and was released on October 13, 2022. A virtual reality version for Meta Quest 2, Meta Quest Pro and Meta Quest 3 was released on October 31, 2024. PlayStation 5 and Xbox Series X/S versions were released on August 20, 2025. The development of the game was led by Tomoya Asano, producer of Bravely Default and Octopath Traveler.

Triangle Strategy received positive reviews from critics, who praised the combat, narrative, score, and art direction but criticized the high volume of cutscenes.

Meta Quest Pro
The Meta Quest Pro is a discontinued mixed reality (MR) headset developed by Reality Labs, a division of Meta Platforms.

Unveiled on October 11, 2022, it is a high-end headset designed for mixed reality and virtual reality applications, targeting business and enthusiast users. It is differentiated from the Quest 2 by a thinner form factor leveraging pancake lenses, high resolution cameras for MR, integrated face and eye tracking, and updated controllers with on-board motion tracking.

The Quest Pro received mixed reviews, with critics praising its display and controllers, but criticizing its mixed reality cameras for having a grainy appearance and limited usefulness in its software at launch, and for its high price. Meta discontinued the Quest Pro in favor of the Meta Quest 3 in September 2024, with sales ending in January 2025.
Plastic road
Plastic roads are paved roadways that are made partially or entirely from plastic or plastic composites, which is used to replace standard asphalt materials. Most plastic roads make use of plastic waste to replace a portion the asphalt.  It is currently unknown how these aggregates will perform in the mid- to long-term, or what effect their degradation might have on surrounding ecosystems.

Zwolle
Zwolle (Dutch: [ˈzʋɔlə] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in the Northeastern Netherlands. It is the capital of the province of Overijssel and the province's second-largest municipality, after Enschede, and has a population of 132,441 as of December 2023. Zwolle borders the province of Gelderland and lies on the eastern side of the River IJssel.
Kvalsund (Herøy)
Kvalsund is a village in Herøy Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is located on the island of Nerlandsøya. Kvalsund is a fishing port with a sizable deep-water harbor, marina, and waterfront protected by breakwaters.  Kvalsund is connected to the island of Bergsøya by the Nerlandsøy Bridge.

Møre og Romsdal
Møre og Romsdal (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈmø̂ːrə ɔ ˈrʊ̀msdɑːɫ] ⓘ; English: Møre and Romsdal) is a county in the northernmost part of Western Norway. It borders the counties of Trøndelag, Innlandet, and Vestland. The county administration is located in the town of Molde, while Ålesund is the largest town. The county is governed by the Møre og Romsdal County Municipality which includes an elected county council and a county mayor. The national government is represented by the county governor.
Zhenjiang Sports and Exhibition Center
The Zhenjiang Sports and Exhibition Center (Chinese: 镇江体育会展中心) is a complex of sports and exhibition facilities in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China. It is located in the center of Nanxu New Town (南徐新城), north of Danshan Park (蛋山公园), occupying an area of 690 mu.

The complex comprises a multi-purpose stadium named Zhenjiang Sports Centre Stadium with 31,200 seats, a separate 77,537-square-meter indoor stadium and exhibition building, and a 41,115-square-meter comprehensive training building. The indoor stadium has a seating capacity of 6,405, including 4,845 fixed seats and 1560 moveable ones, and the exhibition hall can accommodate 503 standard-sized stalls. The comprehensive training building, also called the Citizens' Sport Center, includes a swimming and diving center, a tennis center, a table tennis center, and other facilities for aerobics, dancing, martial arts, etc.

Mu (land)
The mu (simplified Chinese: 亩; traditional Chinese: 畝; pinyin: mǔ) in Mandarin, mau or mou in Cantonese, or bo in Taiwanese Hokkien, also called Chinese acre, is a traditional Chinese unit of measurement for land area. One mu equals 666.67 square meters in mainland China, 761.4 square meters in Hong Kong and Macau, and 99.17 square meters in Taiwan and Japan. Mu is the only Chinese area unit legally retained by the People's Republic of China.
Central-Eastern European Green Left Alliance
The Central-Eastern European Green Left Alliance (CEEGLA) is a left-wing and green European political alliance gathering organisations and parties from Central and Eastern Europe. It was officially launched on 12 January 2024 in Warsaw.

The initialism of the alliance is deliberately similar to the word cegła ("brick" in Polish and Ukrainian).

Central and Eastern Europe
Central and Eastern Europe is a geopolitical term encompassing the countries in Northeast Europe (primarily the Baltics), Central Europe (primarily the Visegrád Group), Eastern Europe, and Southeast Europe (primarily the Balkans), usually meaning former communist states from the Eastern Bloc and Warsaw Pact in Europe, as well as from former Yugoslavia. Scholarly literature often uses the abbreviations CEE or CEEC for this term. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) also uses the term "Central and Eastern European Countries" (CEECs) for a group comprising some of these countries. This term is sometimes used as an alternative to the term "Eastern Europe," for more neutral grouping.
What I Go to School For
"What I Go to School For" is the debut single of English pop rock band Busted. It was written by James Bourne, Charlie Simpson, Matt Willis, Steve Robson, and John McLaughlin and produced by Robson. The track was inspired by a teacher that Matt Willis had a crush on at school. Released on 16 September 2002, the song reached number three on the UK Singles Chart. A young Jade Ewen (who would later join girl group Sugababes) appears in the music video.

Charlie Simpson
Charles Robert Simpson (born 7 June 1985) is an English singer, songwriter, and musician from Suffolk. He is a member of the pop-punk band Busted and the post-hardcore band Fightstar. AllMusic has noted that Simpson is "perhaps the only pop star to make the convincing transition from fresh-faced boy bander to authentic hard rock frontman". Simpson is a multi-instrumentalist, playing guitar, bass, keyboards, drums and the harmonica.

Simpson has achieved eleven UK Albums Chart top 40 releases across his musical career – six of which entered the UK top 10. He has also had four UK number-one singles with Busted, as well as two top-20 singles with Fightstar and two UK top-10 solo albums. Between Busted, Fightstar and his solo projects, he has sold over five million records worldwide, winning two Brit Awards, a Rock Sound Award and being nominated for two Kerrang! Awards.
Mills House (Fort Mill, South Carolina)
Mills House is a historic home located at Fort Mill, York County, South Carolina. It was built in 1906, and is a two-story, frame dwelling in the Classical Revival style with a slate hipped roof.  The front façade features a central lower porch topped by an upper tier and flanked by side porches. All porches have Doric order columns and turned balusters.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.

York County, South Carolina
York County is a county on the north central border in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 282,090, making it the seventh-most populous county in the state. Its county seat is the city of York, and its most populous community is Rock Hill. One Interstate Highway serves the county, Interstate 77. York County is part of the Charlotte metropolitan area.
Çarkçı
Çarkçı (IPA: [ˈtʃaɾktʃɯ]) is a Turkish surname. It is derived from the Turkish noun of Persian origin çark (cf. Persian: چرخ) with the meaning "wheel" by adding the Turkish agentive suffix -çı and thus literally means "wheeler", but is translated more appropriately – depending on context – as either machinist or grinder (from the use of a rotating grindstone). Notable people with the surname include:

Jaklin Çarkçı (born 1958), Turkish mezzo-soprano of Armenian descent

Nurcan Çarkçı (born 1994)  Turkish female boxer

Nurcan Çarkçı
Nurcan Çarkçı Göksel is a Turkish female boxer. Since the end of 2006, she is member of the sports club Kıraç Municipality in Istanbul, Turkey.

She was a gold medalist in the light middleweight (70 kg) division at the 2nd European Women's Boxing Championship held in Pécs, Hungary between 11 and 17 May 2003. The next year, she won a silver medal at the 3rd European Women's Boxing Championship held in Riccione, Italy between 3 and 10 October 2004.  She won a bronze medal at the 3rd World Women's Boxing Championship held between 25 September and 2 October 2005 in Podolsk, Russia. At the 5th AIBA Women's World Boxing Championship held between 22 and 29 November 2008 in Ningbo City, China, Nurcan Çarkçı became a bronze medalist in her division (70 kg).
Znak (company)
Znak, stylized in caps ZNAK, is a Ukrainian manufacturer of plastic payment cards, document application forms and polycarbonate pages for passports, etc. Located in Kyiv. It is a member of the Ukrainian EDAPS Consortium.

Consortium
A consortium (pl. consortiums or consortia) is an association of two or more individuals, companies, organizations, or governments (or any combination of these entities) with the objective of participating in a common activity or pooling their resources for achieving a common goal. Consortia are generally nonprofit with a goal to help its members improve their competitiveness in the specific field.

Consortium is a Latin word meaning "partnership", "association", or "society", and derives from consors ("shared in property"), itself from con- ("together") and sors ("fate").