hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mackenzie Molner
Mackenzie "Mac" Molner (born August 1, 1988) is an American chess grandmaster and chess instructor. Chess coach Michael Khodarkovsky helped Molner develop his competitive chess play. Molner won the Denker Tournament of High School Champions as a sophomore in 2004. He completed his final grandmaster norm in 2013, tying for first in the U.S. Open Chess Championship, held near Madison, Wisconsin that year.

United States Chess League
The United States Chess League (USCL) was the only nationwide chess league in the United States for eleven years. In 2016 the league announced it would be opened to cities from around the world, moved to the website chess.com, and renamed the Professional Rapid Online Chess League.

At its peak, the USCL comprised twenty teams, whose members included some of the highest-rated chess players in the United States.  Participants in the last season included Wesley So, Alexander Onischuk, Alex Lenderman, Anton Kovalyov, Varuzhan Akobian, Daniel Naroditsky, Julio Becerra, Joel Benjamin, and many other grandmasters. The League was founded in 2005 by International Master Greg Shahade. In later seasons the league was run by Arun Sharma, who was the Vice President of the USCL.
George McLean (Canadian politician)
George Alexander McLean (23 May 1885 – 31 October 1975) was a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in Mara Township, Ontario, and became an insurance agent and real estate broker by career.

McLean attended Orillia Collegiate, then attained a Bachelor of Arts at the University of Toronto. He served in World War I with the Canadian Expeditionary Force, 19th Battalion. He also served with the 21st Battalion (2nd Tyneside Scottish), Northumberland Fusiliers, achieving the rank of captain. In 1917, he sustained major injuries in battle.

From 1921 to 1924, McLean was a municipal councillor of Orillia, and from then the city's mayor until 1925.

He was first elected to Parliament at the Simcoe East riding in the 1935 general election after an unsuccessful campaign there in 1930. He was re-elected in 1940 and served a full second term and left federal politics at the 1945 election.

He died at Soldier's Memorial Hospital in Orillia in 1975.

Canadian Expeditionary Force
The Canadian Expeditionary Force (CEF; French: Corps expéditionnaire canadien) was the expeditionary field force of Canada during the First World War. It was formed on August 15, 1914, following Britain’s declaration of war on the German Empire, with an initial strength of one infantry division. The division subsequently fought at Ypres on the Western Front, with a newly raised second division reinforcing the committed units to form the Canadian Corps. The CEF and corps was eventually expanded to four infantry divisions, which were all committed to the fighting in France and Belgium along the Western Front. A fifth division was partially raised in 1917, but was broken up in 1918 and used as reinforcements following heavy casualties.
Sitochroa palealis
Sitochroa palealis, commonly known as the carrot seed moth, is a species of moth in the family Crambidae described by Michael Denis and Ignaz Schiffermüller in 1775. It is found in Europe and in 2002 the first specimen was reported in the United States.

The wingspan is 26–34 mm. The moth flies from June to July depending on the location.

The larvae feed on Daucus carota (of which cultivated carrots are a subspecies), Peucedanum oreoselinum, and species from the genera, Heracleum, Foeniculum (which includes cultivated fennel), and Silaum.

Heracleum (plant)
Heracleum, known colloquially as hogweed, is a genus of biennial and perennial herbs in the carrot family Apiaceae. They are found throughout the temperate northern hemisphere and in high mountains as far south as Ethiopia. Common names for the genus or its species include cow parsnip, cogweed and keck.

The genus name Heracleum was described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753. It derives from the Ancient Greek Ἡράκλειος (Hērákleios) "of Heracles", referring to the mythological hero.
Mount Allen (Ellsworth Mountains)
Mount Allen' is a mountain (3,430 m) located 5.2 mi southeast of Mount Craddock in Owen Ridge, the southernmost portion of the main ridge of Sentinel Range, Ellsworth Mountains in Antarctica.  The peak surmounts Saltzman Glacier to the north, Kornicker Glacier to the southeast, Bolgrad Glacier to the southwest and Brook Glacier to the west. It was mapped by the USGS from surveys and USN air photos in 1957–59. It was named by the US-ACAN for Lt. Forrest M. Allen, USNR, the co-pilot on reconnaissance flights from Byrd Station, 1957–58. Mount Allen was first successfully climbed on 26 December 2012, by Pachi Ibarra, Ralf Laier and Todd Passey.

Byrd Station
The Byrd Station is a former research station established by the United States during the International Geophysical Year (1957) by U.S. Navy Seabees during Operation Deep Freeze II in West Antarctica. It was a year-round base until 1972, and then seasonal up to 2005. The station is located on the West Antarctic ice cap. It was accessible by overland ice traverse or by ski-equipped C-130 aircraft.
Gestel, Morbihan
Gestel (French pronunciation: [ʒɛstɛl]; Breton: Yestael) is a commune in the Morbihan department of Brittany in north-western France. Gestel station has rail connections to Quimper, Lorient and Vannes.

Morbihan
The Morbihan (/mɔːrbiˈɒ̃/ mor-bee-ON; French: [mɔʁbi(j)ɑ̃]; Breton: Mor-Bihan [moːrˈbiː(h)ãn]) is a department in the administrative region of Brittany, situated in the northwest of France. It is named after the Morbihan (small sea in Breton), the enclosed sea that is the principal feature of the coastline. It had a population of 759,684 in 2019. It is noted for its Carnac stones, which predate and are more extensive than the Stonehenge monument in Wiltshire, England.

Three major military educational facilities are located in Guer, including École Spéciale Militaire de Saint-Cyr, the national military academy for officers.
Leguwa
Leguwa  is a village development committee in Dhankuta District in the Kosi Zone of eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census, it had a population of 4,206 people living in 796 individual households.

Kosi Zone
Kosi or Koshi (Nepali: कोसी अञ्चल, Nepali: कोशी अञ्चल Listenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal until the restructure of zones to provinces. The headquarters of Kosi Zone was Biratnagar which was also its largest city. Other cities of Kosi Zone were Inaruwa, Dharan, Dhankuta, Jhumka, Duhabi, Tarahara and Itahari. Its main rivers were Arun, Tamor and Sapta Koshi.
Katson sineen taivaan
"Katson sineen taivaan" ("I'm looking at the blue sky") was the Finnish entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1979, performed in Finnish by Katri Helena. The song was written by Vexi Salmi, and composed by Matti Siitonen; Better known under his stage name Fredi, Siitonen previously took part in the contest, representing Finland as a singer in 1967 and 1976 with the songs "Varjoon – suojaan" and "Pump-Pump" respectively.

The song was also released in English under the title "I Will Follow Starlight".

Fredi (singer)
Matti Kalevi Siitonen (23 July 1942 – 23 April 2021), known professionally as Fredi, was a Finnish comedic actor, musician, singer/songwriter and television presenter. Domestically he was best known as a founding member of the comedic variety ensemble Kivikasvot.
Sunbird Records
Sunbird Records was an independent record label in the United States during the late 1970s and 1980s. Freddie Hart had a few hits with Sunbird after he left Capitol Records in 1979. Earl Thomas Conley also recorded some hits with Sunbird while working with Randy Scruggs. Delbert McClinton recorded his hit "Not Exactly Free" with the label.

Randy Scruggs
Randy Lynn Scruggs (August 3, 1953 – April 17, 2018) was an American music producer, songwriter and guitarist. He had his first recording at the age of 13. He won four Grammy Awards and was named Musician of the Year at the Country Music Association Awards three times. He was the middle son of Earl Scruggs and Louise Scruggs.
Isaac Romo
Isaac Romo González (born March 23, 1983) is a Mexican former footballer, who last played for Leones Negros UdeG in the Ascenso MX.

Romo played for Chivas USA of Major League Soccer, arriving as one of imports from parent club Chivas de Guadalajara, and also played for their other child club, La Piedad. He played for the Mexico U-20 team at the 2003 World Youth Championship in the United Arab Emirates.

Romo was released by Chivas USA following the 2005 season. In December 2005, Isaac Romo joined Chiapas under a 6-month-long loan contract, but did not appear in a league match.

In Summer 2015, Romo was transferred to second division promoted team, Cimarrones de Sonora.

Leones Negros UdeG
Club Deportivo Leones Negros de la Universidad  de Guadalajara, simply known as Leones Negros UdeG or Leones Negros, is a Mexican professional football club based in Guadalajara, Jalisco. It competes in Liga de Expansión MX, the second level division of Mexican football, and plays its home matches at the Estadio Jalisco. Founded in 1970 as Venados UdeG, the club respresents the Universidad de Guadalajara (English: University of Guadalajara), it changed to its current name in 1972.
Depoke
Depoke is a village in Narowal District of Punjab province, Pakistan. It is located at 32°16'0N 74°50'0E with an altitude of 246 metres (810 feet). Neighbouring settlements include Lala, Seowal and Lohan.

Narowal District
Narowal District is a district within the Gujranwala Division of Punjab, Pakistan. The city of Narowal serves as the headquarters of the district. It was formed in 1991 when the two tehsils of Narowal and Shakargarh were split off from Sialkot District.
Adam & Eve (The Flower Kings album)
Adam & Eve is the eighth studio album by the Swedish progressive rock band The Flower Kings. A Japanese edition contained an extra disc which includes the bonus tracks from The Rainmaker bonus disc (the first six tracks), as well as three songs recorded during the Space Revolver sessions.

The album has the only appearance of Pain of Salvation's Daniel Gildenlöw as a full-time band member; he appeared on both Unfold the Future and Meet the Flower Kings as a guest. It is also the last album with the drummer Zoltan Csörsz before his first departure (he later appeared on The Sum of No Evil).

Pain of Salvation
Pain of Salvation is a Swedish progressive metal band led by Daniel Gildenlöw, who is the band's main songwriter, lyricist, guitarist, and vocalist. Pain of Salvation's sound is characterised by riff-oriented guitar work, a broad vocal range, oscillation between heavy and calm passages, complex vocal harmonies and the structures of their albums, syncopation, and polyrhythms. Thus far, every album released by the band has been a concept album. Lyrically, the band tends to address contemporary issues, such as sexuality, war, the environment, and the nature of God, humanity, and existence.
Leopold Hoesch (film producer)
Leopold Hoesch (born February 16, 1969, in Cologne, West Germany) is a German film producer, International Emmy Award winner and founder of the production company Broadview TV. His films have received widespread acclaim for their depth, storytelling, and cultural impact.

International Emmy Awards
The International Emmy Awards, or International Emmys, are part of the extensive range of Emmy Awards for artistic and technical merit for the television industry. Bestowed by the New York–based International Academy of Television Arts and Sciences (IATAS), the International Emmys are presented in recognition to the best television programs initially produced and aired outside the United States. The awards are presented at the International Emmy Awards Gala, held annually in November in New York City. It attracts over 1,200 television professionals. The first International Emmys ceremony was held in 1973, expanding what was originally a U.S.-only Emmy Award.
Akbağ, Artuklu
Akbağ (Kurdish: Akres) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Artuklu, Mardin Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Surgucu tribe and had a population of 657 in 2021.

Mahallah
A mahalla (Arabic: مَحَلَّة, romanized: maḥalla, also transliterated as mahallah, etc.) is an Arabic word that comes from the root ḥ-l-l (ح ل ل), and originally denoted a place where one makes a halt. It has been variously translated as district, quarter, ward, or neighborhood in many parts of the Arab world, the Balkans, West and Central Asia, the Indian subcontinent, and nearby nations. In the Maghreb, it referred to a military formation or campaign for tax collection in the service of the sultan and his makhzen.
Senakhaskhel
Senakhaskhel is a title of nobility in the Maratha Empire. This title was instated by Rajaram I, the Maratha emperor, at the end of the 17th century. It is placed after the Senapati title and is considered to a more important one. Senakhaskhel means upasenapati (sub-commander) and translates to 'a leader of the sovereign tribe' in English. A Senakhaskhel has permission to keep an army. The Chhatrapati provided a Senakhaskhel with the salary of an army, called the 'fauz saranjam' (army accouterments). In a time of war, a Senakhaskhel was obliged to come with his army by order of the Chhatrapati.

Chhatrapati
Chhatrapati is a royal title from Sanskrit used to denote a king and Queen. The word "Chhatrapati" is a Sanskrit compound term composed of "chhatra" (meaning "parasol" or "umbrella") and "pati" (meaning "master", "lord", or "ruler"). This title was used by the House of Bhonsle, between 1674 and 1818, as the heads of state of the Maratha Empire. The Head Queen of the Maratha Empire is known as The Patta Rani also as Chatrapati or Chatrapati Consort
Geoffrey C. Ward
Geoffrey Champion Ward (born 1940) is an American editor, author, historian and writer of scripts for American history documentaries for public television. He is the author or co-author of 19 books, including 10 companion books to the documentaries he has written. He is the winner of six Emmy Awards.

Unforgivable Blackness: The Rise and Fall of Jack Johnson
Unforgivable Blackness: The Rise and Fall of Jack Johnson is a 2005 biographical documentary by filmmaker Ken Burns, based on the 2004 nonfiction book of the same name by Geoffrey C. Ward. It describes the life story of Jack Johnson, the first African-American Heavyweight Boxing Champion of the World. It also describes racism and social inequality during the Jim Crow era, against which Johnson struggled.
Stephen W. Cunningham
Stephen William Cunningham (July 29, 1886 – July 28, 1956) was the first graduate manager at the Southern Branch of the University of California, later UCLA,  and a member of the Los Angeles City Council from 1933 to 1941.

Pacific Coast Conference
The Pacific Coast Conference (PCC) was a collegiate athletic conference in the United States which existed from 1915 to 1959.  Though the Pac-12 Conference claims the PCC's history as part of its own, with eight of the ten PCC members (including all four original PCC charter members) in the Pac-12 for many years, the older league had a completely different charter and was disbanded in 1959 due to a major crisis and scandal.

Established on December 2, 1915, its four charter members were the University of California (now University of California, Berkeley), the University of Washington, the University of Oregon, and Oregon Agricultural College (now Oregon State University).
Helion (magister officiorum)
Helion (Ancient Greek: Ἡλίων) was a magister officiorum under Theodosius II. He occupied the office since 414. In 422 he negotiated an end to the short war with Sassanid Persia.

He was instrumental in establishing Valentinian III as emperor of the Western Roman Empire, proclaiming him caesar at Thessalonica on 23 October 424, and to full augustus in Rome by placing the diadem on his head on 23 October 425, after the defeat of the usurper Joannes. In between the two events, he acquired the title patricius.

Roman–Sasanian War of 421–422
The Roman–Sasanian war of 421–422 was a conflict between the Eastern Roman Empire and the Sasanians. The casus belli was the persecution of Christians by the Sasanian king Bahram V, which had come as a response to attacks by Christians against Zoroastrian temples; the Christian Eastern Roman Emperor Theodosius II declared war and obtained some victories, but in the end, the two powers agreed to sign a peace on the status quo ante.
West Philadelphia
West Philadelphia, nicknamed West Philly, is a section of the city of Philadelphia. It has no officially defined boundaries, but is generally considered to be west of the Schuylkill River between City Avenue in the northwest, Cobbs Creek in the southwest, and the SEPTA Media/Wawa Line in the south. An alternate definition includes all city land west of the Schuylkill, thus including Southwest Philadelphia and its neighborhoods.  The eastern side of West Philadelphia is also known as University City.

Please Touch Museum
The Please Touch Museum is a children's museum located in the Centennial District of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.  The museum focuses on teaching children through interactive exhibits and special events, mostly aimed at children seven years old and younger.
GrassrootsPA
GrassrootsPA was a political news website centered on the politics of Pennsylvania. It was founded in 2004 by then law student Chris Lilik, a Pat Toomey supporter and became a "must-click resource" for Pennsylvania's conservative community. Even though Toomey lost that race, the website continued as a gathering place for conservatives and Specter's foes. The website also gained mainstream media attention as a source of breaking political news. Political commentator Chris Bravacos noted that GrassrootsPA attracted significantly higher readership than the official websites for the two major political parties.

During the public outcry following the 2005 Pennsylvania legislative pay raise, GrassrootsPA served as a focal point for reform activists. The American Spectator called GrassrootsPA a "flashpoint of this conservative revolution" in Pennsylvania.

In 2010, Politics Magazine described GrassrootsPA as "Pennsylvania's Drudge Report."

2005 Pennsylvania General Assembly pay raise controversy
In the early morning hours of July 7, 2005, the Pennsylvania General Assembly passed pay increases for state lawmakers, judges, and top executive-branch officials. The vote took place at 2 am without public review or commentary, and Governor Ed Rendell signed the bill into law. The raise increased legislators' base pay from 16% to 34% depending on position.
Gumihorn
The Gumihorn is a mountain of the Bernese Alps, the highest point of the Schynige Platte ridge, located at the western end of the Schwarzhorn group. It forms a limestone tower, overlooking the valley of the Lütschine. At 2,099 metres (6,886 ft), it is the highest summit lying west of the Loucherhorn.

The Gumihorn lies between the municipalities of Gsteigwiler and Gündlischwand, in the canton of Bern. Although its summit cannot be easily climbed, two other slightly lower summits on both sides of the peak can be easily reached from the Schynige Platte railway station, hence allowing a 360-degree view of the region. The highest is named Tuba or Daube (2,076 m; to the north) and the other, directly above the railway station, is named Geiss (2,067 m; to the south).

Schynige Platte railway station
Schynige Platte is a railway station that is the upper terminus of the Schynige Platte railway, a rack railway that connects Wilderswil with the Schynige Platte mountain in the Bernese Oberland region of Switzerland. The Schynige Platte alpine botanical garden is accessed from the station, whilst a mountain hotel and restaurant is nearby.

Administratively, the station is in the municipality of Gündlischwand in the canton of Bern.

The station is served by the following passenger trains:
Thomas Mesnier
Thomas Mesnier (born 4 March 1986 in Barbezieux-Saint-Hilaire) is a French physician and politician of La République En Marche! (LREM) who served as a member of the French National Assembly from the 2017 until 2022, representing the 1st constituency of the department of Charente.

Barbezieux-Saint-Hilaire
Barbezieux-Saint-Hilaire (French pronunciation: [baʁbəzjø sɛ̃t‿ilɛʁ]) is a commune in the Charente department, Southwestern France. The commune was formed in 1973 by the merger of the former communes Barbezieux and Saint-Hilaire. With 4,738 inhabitants (2022), it forms the most important town in Southern Charente.

Barbezieux is a fortified hill town on the historic route south west from Paris – Poitiers to Bordeaux – Spain, now served by the N 10, which bypasses Barbezieux. The town rises from narrow streets of unspoilt, typically Charentais buildings to the medieval chateau, which dominates the western approach.
HD 63433 c
HD 63433 c (TOI-1726 c) is a mini-Neptune exoplanet orbiting the Sun-like star HD 63433. It is the outermost planet in its planetary system, being located 0.1448 astronomical units (21,660,000 km) from its star, and completing one orbit every 21 days. Despite being the outermost planet in the system, it is still located close to its star, meaning that its temperature is hot, being estimated between 267 and 406 °C. HD 63433 c is about 2.7 times larger than Earth and 15.5 times more massive, but still smaller and less massive than Neptune. In 2022, a study showed that its atmosphere, made up of hydrogen, is being evaporated by the strong radiation from its star, causing it to slowly turn into a super-Earth planet.

Methods of detecting exoplanets
Methods of detecting exoplanets usually rely on indirect strategies – that is, they do not directly image the planet but deduce its existence from another signal. Any planet is an extremely faint light source compared to its parent star. For example, a star like the Sun is about a billion times as bright as the reflected light from any of the planets orbiting it. In addition to the intrinsic difficulty of detecting such a faint light source, the glare from the parent star washes it out. For those reasons, very few of the exoplanets reported as of June 2025 have been detected directly, with even fewer being resolved from their host star.
Popcorn calcification
Popcorn calcification or popcorn appearance is the radiological appearance of calcification with irregular rings and arcs, which resembles popcorns. The calcification patterns in chondroid lesions of the bone (such as enchondroma and chondrosarcoma), pulmonary hamartomas, degenerating fibroadenomas of the breast and calcified fibroids of the uterus have been described as 'popcorn calcification'.

In osteogenesis imperfecta, popcorn calcifications are often seen around the knees and ankles in radiological imaging, and are associated with irregularity in the growth plate of the bone.

Popcorn
Popcorn (also called popped corn, popcorns, or pop-corn) is a variety of corn kernel which expands and puffs up when heated. The term also refers to the snack food produced by the expansion. It is one of the oldest snacks, with evidence of popcorn dating back thousands of years in the Americas. It is commonly eaten salted, buttered, sweetened, or with artificial flavorings.

A popcorn kernel's strong hull contains the seed's hard, starchy shell endosperm with 14–20% moisture, which turns to steam as the kernel is heated. Pressure from the steam continues to build until the hull ruptures, allowing the kernel to forcefully expand, to 20 to 50 times its original size, and then cool.

Some strains of corn (taxonomized as Zea mays) are cultivated specifically as popping corns. The Zea mays variety everta, a special kind of flint corn, is the most common of these. Popcorn is one of six major types of corn, which includes dent corn, flint corn, pod corn, flour corn, and sweet corn.