hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hippodrome of Can Tunis
The Hippodrome of Can Tunis was a sports venue in the city of Barcelona, Spain. Originally an equestrian venue, it's now best remembered as a historic football and aeronautic venue. The Hippodrome of Can Tunis played a pivotal role in the early steps of football in Catalonia as one of the first football fields in Barcelona, and then served as a practice ground for the city’s budding aviation sector, and where the first plane to fly across Spain took off from on 12 February 1910.

Aeronautics
Aeronautics is the science or art involved with the study, design, and manufacturing of air flight-capable machines, and the techniques of operating aircraft and rockets within the atmosphere. 
While the term originally referred solely to operating the aircraft, it has since been expanded to include technology, business, and other aspects related to aircraft. The term "aviation" is sometimes used interchangeably with aeronautics, although "aeronautics" includes lighter-than-air craft such as airships, and includes ballistic vehicles while "aviation" technically does not.

A significant part of aeronautical science is a branch of dynamics called aerodynamics, which deals with the motion of air and the way that it interacts with objects in motion, such as an aircraft.
Hussein Ali Abdulle
Hussein Ali Abdulle (died 9 May 2017 in Mogadishu, Somalia) was a Somali football coach and former player.

Representing the Ocean Stars in many international competitions and matches during the 1960s and 70s, Abdulle was seen as one of Somalia's most respected footballers of his time and went on to coach the national team.

He died on 9 May 2017 aged 71 after a long illness in his Mogadishu home and was interred afterwards.

FIFA President Gianni Infantino gave his commiserations in a letter to the Somali Football Federation two days after Abdulle's passing.

Somalia national football team
The Somalia national football team (Somali: Kooxda Qaranka Soomaaliya) represents Somalia in international football and is controlled by the Somali Football Federation (SFF), a member of the Confederation of African Football (CAF). Somalia's first national team captain was Mohamed Shangole, while its longest serving captain has been Hasan Babay.
2015 GT Asia Series
The 2015 GT Asia Series was the sixth season of the GT Asia Series championship. It began on 16 May at the Korea International Circuit and ended on 2 November at the Guia Circuit after 11 championship races and a non-championship event.

The series will change tyre supplier from Yokohama to Michelin.

GT Asia Series
The GT Asia Series was a sports car racing series based in Asia. The championship combines FIA GT3 specification cars as the elite class of the series with Ferrari Challenge, Porsche Cup and older GT3 machinery competing in the GTM class.

The series had its first season in 2010 with a dozen GT3 cars and has since expanded with grid sizes of 26 or more cars and a 13-round calendar visiting tracks in China, Malaysia, Japan and Thailand.

The Series is organized by Motorsport Asia Ltd, creators of the Asian Festival of Speed (AFOS) and sanctioned by the FIA.

In October 2016, the GT Asia Series announced a partnership with the Asian Le Mans Series. It includes a new Michelin Asia GT Challenge, which is a combined classification for GT3 teams, where the winner will get an invitation to the 24 Hours of Le Mans.

In April 2017, the GT Asia Series was announced to merge with the China GT Championship; see GT World Challenge Asia.
Alex James (mathematician)
Alex James is a British and New Zealand applied mathematician and mathematical biologist whose research involves the mathematical modelling of wildlife behaviour, gender disparities in academia, and the epidemiology of COVID-19. She is a professor in the school of mathematics and statistics at the University of Canterbury in New Zealand.

Applied mathematics
Applied mathematics is the application of mathematical methods by different fields such as physics, engineering, medicine, biology, finance, business, computer science, social science, and industry. Thus, applied mathematics is a combination of mathematical science and specialized knowledge. The term "applied mathematics" also describes the professional specialty in which mathematicians work on practical problems by formulating and studying mathematical models.

In the past, practical applications have motivated the development of mathematical theories, which then became the subject of study in pure mathematics where abstract concepts are studied for their own sake. The activity of applied mathematics is thus intimately connected with research in pure mathematics.
Cabinet of Ivo Sanader I
The Ninth Government of the Republic of Croatia (Croatian: Deveta Vlada Republike Hrvatske) was the first of two Croatian Government cabinets led by Prime Minister Ivo Sanader. It was announced on 23 December 2003 and its term ended on 12 January 2008. All but two cabinet members came from the ruling Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ) party, following their win in the 2003 parliamentary elections (with the exception of Dragan Primorac, who was formally a non-party minister at the time of his appointment, but later joined HDZ and Vesna Škare-Ožbolt who had been a member of HDZ in the 1990s but then joined the Democratic Centre, a small centre-right party which allied with HDZ after the 2003 elections).

Vesna Škare-Ožbolt
Vesna Škare-Ožbolt (Croatian pronunciation: [ʋêsna ʃkǎːre ǒʒboːlt]; born 20 June 1961) is a Croatian politician. She was the 10th Minister of Justice of Croatia from 2003 until 2006. She was the second female holder of that office, as well as the second consecutive woman after Ingrid Antičević-Marinović.
Scarlett (surname)
Scarlett is an English name of Norman French origin and is a metonymic occupational surname for a dyer or a seller of rich, brightly coloured cloth, often of a brilliant, vivid red colour. The derivation of the name is from the Old French word "Escarlate", scarlet, which by 1182 was already being used as the name of a cloth, particularly bright red cloth. The ultimate derivation is from the Latin "scarlata". The modern surname can be found in either of two forms: Scarlet or Scarlett.

Norman language
Norman or Norman French (Normaund, French: Normand [nɔʁmɑ̃] ⓘ, Guernésiais: Normand, Jèrriais: Nouormand) is a langue d'oïl spoken in the historical and cultural region of Normandy.

The name "Norman French" is sometimes also used to describe the administrative languages of Anglo-Norman and Law French used in England. For the most part, the written forms of Norman and modern French are mutually intelligible. The thirteenth-century philosopher Roger Bacon was the first to distinguish it along with other dialects such as Picard and Bourguignon.

Today, although it does not enjoy any official status outside of Jersey, some reports of the French Ministry of Culture have recognized it as one of the regional languages of France.
Nikolai Chuzhikov
Nikolai Chuzhikov (Russian: Николай Фёдорович Чужиков, romanized: Nikolaj Fëdorovič Čužikov sometimes listed as Nikoly Zhushikov or Nikolay Zhuzhikov, 5 May 1938 – 9 June 2022) was a Soviet sprint canoeist who competed in the 1960s. Competing in two Summer Olympics, he won a gold in the K-4 1000 m at Tokyo in 1964. Chuzhikov also won two medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with a gold (K-4 10000 m: 1966) and a bronze (K-2 1000 m: 1963).

ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships are an international event in canoe racing, one of two top-tier Summer Olympic sport events organized by the International Canoe Federation (the other being the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships). They are usually held every non-Olympic year and have officially included paracanoe events since 2010; paracanoe-specific editions of this event (named ICF Paracanoe World Championships) are usually held in Summer Paralympic years.

Prior to November 2008, canoe sprint was known as flatwater racing.
Visa requirements for Omani citizens
Visa requirements for Omani citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of the Oman.

As of 2025, Omani citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 86 countries and territories, ranking the Omani passport 60th in the world according to the Henley & Partners Passport Index.

Henley Passport Index
The Henley Passport Index is an annual global ranking of countries according to the travel freedom allowed by those countries' ordinary passports for their citizens. It was launched in 2005 as Henley & Partners Visa Restrictions Index and was updated to Henley Passport Index in January 2018. The index is updated on a quarterly basis to reflect changes in global visa policies.

The index annually ranks 199 passports of the world by the number of countries that their holders can travel to without requiring a visa. The number of countries that a specific passport can access becomes its visa-free "score". The data is obtained from the International Air Transport Association (IATA)'s Timatic documentation requirements database.
Area code 641
Area code 641 is a telephone area code in the North American Numbering Plan (NANP) for the central region of the U.S. state of Iowa. The numbering plan area (NPA) includes Marshalltown, Mason City, and Ottumwa. The area code was created in a split of area code 515 on July 9, 2000, which was the first split in Iowa since the establishment of the area code system in 1947.

In 2006, various companies began using Iowa's 641 as a number to access voice over IP gateways, including one which purported to allow users to "call China for free". The scheme, no longer in operation, was based on the wholesale cost of calls to rural Iowa being substantially more than the cost of Internet calls to China.

Marshalltown, Iowa
Marshalltown is a city in Marshall County, Iowa, United States and the county seat of the county. The population was 27,591 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 27,886 in 2024, making it the 17th-most populous city in Iowa. Marshalltown is home to the Iowa Veterans Home and Marshalltown Community College.
Alulutho Tshakweni
Alulutho Tshakweni (born (1998-09-26)26 September 1998) is a South African professional rugby union player who currently plays for the Bulls in the United Rugby Championship. His regular position is prop.

2018 World Rugby Under 20 Championship
The 2018 World Rugby Under 20 Championship was the eleventh annual international rugby union competition for Under 20 national teams. The event was organised in France by rugby's governing body, World Rugby. Twelve nations played in the tournament, which was held in three cities from 30 May to 17 June.
Vulcano (Sicily)
Vulcano is a complex stratovolcano in the Mediterranean. It is the eponymous volcanic complex comprising the island of Vulcano in the Aeolian archipelago. The origin of the word volcano is derived from the name of this volcanic island, which in turn owes its name to the Roman god of fire, volcanoes, and metalworking, Vulcan, who in classical Roman mythology resided on this island.

Vulcan (mythology)
Vulcan (Latin: Vulcanus, in archaically retained spelling also Volcanus, both pronounced [wʊɫˈkaːnʊs]) is the god of fire including the fire of volcanoes, deserts, metalworking and the forge in ancient Roman religion and myth. He is often depicted with a blacksmith's hammer. The Vulcanalia was the annual festival held August 23 in his honor. His Greek counterpart is Hephaestus, the god of fire and smithery. In Etruscan religion, he is identified with Sethlans.

Vulcan belongs to the most ancient stage of Roman religion: Varro, the ancient Roman scholar and writer, citing the Annales Maximi, records that king Titus Tatius dedicated altars to a series of deities including Vulcan.
Nightscapes: Tales of the Ominous and Magical
Nightscapes: Tales of the Ominous and Magical is a collection of dark fantasy short stories by American writer  Darrell Schweitzer. It was first published in hardcover and trade paperback by Wildside Press in April 2000.

Dark fantasy
Dark fantasy is a subgenre of literary, artistic, and cinematic fantasy works that incorporates disturbing and frightening themes. The term is ambiguously used to describe stories that combine horror elements with one or other of the standard formulas of fantasy.
Mari Ozawa
Mari Ozawa (小沢真理, Ozawa Mari) is a Japanese josei manga artist from Sapporo, Hokkaido, who writes primarily for Kiss and Young You. She won the 1995 Kodansha Manga Award for shōjo for Sekai de Ichiban Yasashii Ongaku.

Kodansha Manga Award
The Kodansha Manga Award (講談社漫画賞, Kōdansha Manga Shō) is one of Japan's major manga awards. The event is sponsored by publisher Kodansha. It has been awarded annually for serialized manga in its third iteration since 1977.
Thomas I. Emerson
Thomas I. Emerson (1907–1991) was a 20th-century American attorney and professor of law. He is known as a "major architect of civil liberties law," "arguably the foremost First Amendment scholar of his generation," and "pillar of the Bill of Rights."

Attorney General's List of Subversive Organizations
The United States Attorney General's List of Subversive Organizations (AGLOSO) was a list drawn up on April 3, 1947 at the request of the United States Attorney General (and later Supreme Court justice) Tom C. Clark. The list was intended to be a compilation of organizations seen as "subversive" by the United States government. Among those were: Communist fronts, the Ku Klux Klan and the Nazi Party.
Alicyclobacillus macrosporangiidus
Alicyclobacillus macrosporangiidus is a species of Gram positive, strictly aerobic, bacterium. The bacteria are acidophilic and produce endospores. It was first isolated from soil in a crop field in Fujieda, Japan. The species was first described in 2007, and the name is derived from the Latin macros (big) and sporangium (sporangia), referring to the large spores produced by the organism.

The optimum growth temperature for A. macrosporangiidus is 50-55 °C, and can grow in the 35-60 °C range. The optimum pH is 4.0-4.5, and cannot grow at pH 3.0 or pH 6.5.

A. macrosporangiidus was found during a Japanese survey of various beverages and environments, which also discovered 5 other species of Alicyclobacillus: A. contaminans, A. fastidiosus, A. kakegawensis, A. sacchari, and A. shizuokensis.

Fujieda, Shizuoka
Fujieda (藤枝市, Fujieda-shi) is a city located in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. As of 30 April 2019, the city has an estimated population of 145,032 in 59,480 households, and a population density of 750 persons per km2. The total area of the city was 194.06 square kilometres (74.93 sq mi). Fujieda is a member of the World Health Organization’s Alliance for Healthy Cities  (AFHC).
Thyroplasty
Thyroplasty is a phonosurgical technique designed to improve the voice by altering the thyroid cartilage of the larynx (the voice box), which houses the vocal cords in order to change the position or the length of the vocal cords.

Larynx
The larynx (pl.: larynges or larynxes), commonly called the voice box, is an organ in the top of the neck involved in respiration, producing sound and protecting the trachea against food aspiration. The opening of the larynx into the pharynx, known as the laryngeal inlet, is about 4–5 centimeters in diameter. The larynx houses the vocal cords, and manipulates pitch and volume, which is essential for phonation. It is situated just below where the tract of the pharynx splits into the trachea and the esophagus.
Belgium at the 2024 Winter Youth Olympics
Belgium is scheduled to compete at the 2024 Winter Youth Olympics in Gangwon, South Korea, from January 19 to February 1, 2024. This will be Belgium's fourth appearance at the Winter Youth Olympic Games, having competed at every Games since the inaugural edition in 2012.

The Belgian team consisted of two male athletes competing in two sports. Short track speed skater Lowie Dekens was the country's flagbearer during the opening ceremony.

2024 Winter Youth Olympics
The 2024 Winter Youth Olympics (Korean: 2024년 동계 청소년 올림픽), officially known as the IV Winter Youth Olympic Games and commonly known as Gangwon 2024 (강원 2024), were a winter multi-sport event, cultural festival, and fourth edition of the Winter Youth Olympics held between 19 January and 1 February 2024 in Gangwon Province, South Korea.

That was the third time South Korea hosted the Olympic Games, after the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul and the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, and the second time the country hosted the Winter games, after the 2018 Olympics. It was also the first Winter Youth Olympics held in Asia, as well as the third overall Youth Olympic Games in the continent, after the 2010 Olympics in Singapore and the 2014 Olympics in Nanjing, China (all Summer Games). It was also the final Youth Olympic Games under the IOC presidency of Thomas Bach.
Calvetti
Calvetti is an Italian surname. Notable people with this name include:

Daniela Calvetti, Italian-American mathematician

Diego Calvetti, songwriter; see Category:Songs written by Diego Calvetti

Joe Calvetti, American gymnast for Illinois Fighting Illini men's gymnastics, won 1948 NCAA individual high bar national championship

María Calvetti, Uruguayan shot putter, silver medalist at 1978 South American Youth Championships in Athletics

Paola Calvetti (born 1958), Italian novelist and journalist

Daniela Calvetti
Daniela Calvetti is an Italian-American applied mathematician whose work concerns scientific computing, and connects Bayesian statistics to numerical analysis. She is the James Wood Williamson Professor of Mathematics at Case Western Reserve University.
Extended Semantic Web Conference
The Extended Semantic Web Conference (abbreviated as ESWC), formerly known as the European Semantic Web Conference, is a yearly international academic conference on the topic of the Semantic Web. The event began in 2004, as the European Semantic Web Symposium. The goal of the event is "to bring together researchers and practitioners dealing with different aspects of semantics on the Web".

Topics covered at the conference include linked data, machine learning, natural language processing and information retrieval, ontologies, reasoning, semantic data management, services, processes, and cloud computing, social Web and Web science, in-use and industrial, digital libraries and cultural heritage, and e-government.

Academic conference
An academic conference or scientific conference (also congress, symposium, workshop, or meeting) is an event for researchers (not necessarily academics) to present and discuss their scholarly work. Together with academic or scientific journals and preprint archives, conferences provide an important channel for exchange of information between researchers. Further benefits of participating in academic conferences include learning effects in terms of presentation skills and "academic habitus", receiving feedback from peers for one's own research, the possibility to engage in informal communication with peers about work opportunities and collaborations, and getting an overview of current research in one or more disciplines.

The first international academic conferences and congresses appeared in 19th century.
Beech Bottom Dyke
Beech Bottom Dyke, is a large ditch running for almost a mile at the northern edge of St Albans, Hertfordshire, England flanked by banks on both sides.  It is up to 30 m (98 ft) wide, and 10 m (33 ft) deep, and it can be followed for three quarters of a mile between the "Ancient Briton Crossroads" on the St Albans to Harpenden road until it is crossed by the Thameslink/Midland mainline railway at Sandridge. Beyond the railway embankment it continues, to finish just short of the St Albans to Sandridge road. This part is not accessible to the public.

Sandridge
Sandridge is a village and civil parish between the city centre of St Albans (2.5 miles (4.0 km) to the south-west) and Wheathampstead, in the St Albans district, in Hertfordshire, England, forming part of the contiguous built-up area of St Albans.
1978 Wexford Senior Hurling Championship
The 1978 Wexford Senior Hurling Championship was the 68th staging of the Wexford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Wexford County Board in 1889. The championship began on 22 April 1978 and ended on 17 September 1978.

Rathnure entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 17 September 1978 at Wexford Park, between Rapparees and Rathnure, in what was their first meeting in a final in six years. Rapparees won the match by 0–16 to 2–07 to claim their first ever championship title.

Chadwicks Wexford Park
Chadwicks Wexford Park is a GAA stadium in Wexford, County Wexford, Ireland. It is the home of Wexford GAA's Gaelic football and hurling teams. After a recent development the ground has a capacity of about 18,000.
It is located in the Clonard area on the outskirts of Wexford Town.

In 2015, a local technology company, Innovate Business Technology, bought the naming rights to the stadium. The new name was Innovate Wexford Park. In 2020, Chadwicks builders' providers replaced Innovate as the name sponsor of the stadium.
Norma Goldman
Norma Wynick Goldman (March 30, 1922 – October 1, 2011) was an American classics scholar, author, professor at Wayne State University, and president of the Detroit Classical Association. Her works include textbooks of the Latin language as well as studies of Roman lamps, the architecture of the Janiculum Hill in Rome, and Roman costumes.

Janiculum
The Janiculum (/dʒəˈnɪkjʊləm/ jə-NIK-yuu-ləm; Italian: Gianicolo [dʒaˈniːkolo]), occasionally known as the Janiculan Hill, is a hill in western Rome, Italy.  Although it is the second-tallest hill (the tallest being Monte Mario) in the contemporary city of Rome, the Janiculum does not figure among the proverbial Seven Hills of Rome, being west of the Tiber and outside the boundaries of the ancient city.
Susan Smythe Kung
Susan Smythe Kung is the Manager of the Archive of the Indigenous Languages of Latin America at the LLILAS Benson Latin American Studies and Collections at the University of Texas at Austin. Kung is a linguist who specializes in endangered language archiving and the Huehuetla Tepehua language of Hidalgo, Mexico. She earned her doctorate in linguistics in 2007 from the University of Texas at Austin, and her dissertation, A Descriptive Grammar of Huehuetla Tepehua won the Mary R. Haas Book Award from the Society for the Study of the Indigenous Languages of the Americas. Kung is the President of DELAMAN, the Digital Endangered Languages and Musics Archives Network from 2016-2018 and is a founding member of the Linguistics Data Interest Group (LDIG) of the Research Data Alliance.

Research Data Alliance
The Research Data Alliance (RDA) is a global research community-driven organization started in 2013 by the European Commission, the US National Science Foundation and National Institute of Standards and Technology, and the Australian Department of Innovation. Its mission is to build the social and technical bridges to enable open sharing and re-use of data. The RDA vision is researchers and innovators openly sharing and resuing data across technologies, disciplines, and countries to address the grand challenges of society. In its initial years, the RDA was major recipient of support in the form of grants from its constituent members' governments. Since 2017, the RDA is sustained by its Organisational and Regional members.

As of March 2025, the RDA has over 15,000 individual members from over 150 countries.