hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Giuseppe Toniolo
Giuseppe Toniolo (7 March 1845 – 7 October 1918) was an Italian Catholic economist, sociologist, and pioneer of Christian democracy. A leading political and social economist, Toniolo condemned both socialism and laissez-faire capitalism, advocating instead for an economic system in which social, judicial, and economic forces cooperate proportionately for the common good. Toniolo was an early Catholic advocate of labour unions and social reform. Describing the economy as an "integral part of the operative design of God," his work was inspired by Catholic social teaching. Toniolo was beatified on 29 April 2012 by Pope Benedict XVI in Rome.

Reformism (historical)
Reformism is a type of social movement that aims to bring a social or also a political system closer to the community's ideal. A reform movement is distinguished from more radical social movements such as revolutionary movements which reject those old ideals, in that the ideas are often grounded in liberalism, although they may be rooted in socialist (specifically, social democratic) or religious concepts. Some rely on personal transformation; others rely on small collectives, such as Mahatma Gandhi's spinning wheel and the self-sustaining village economy, as a mode of social change. Reactionary movements, which can arise against any of these, attempt to put things back the way they were before any successes the new reform movement(s) enjoyed, or to prevent any such successes.
Eva Gray (actress)
Eva Gray is a stage and screen actress. Gray is known for her performances as Marilyn Monroe in the touring stage play 'All That Loving Stuff', Trudy Lite – International Celebrity Life Coach to the Stars, hosting the satirical television comedy series 'The Trudy Lite Chat Show' (web series) and 'The Trudy Lite Show' (Amazon Prime) and Celebrity Vet Portia Du Pont in the television series Sooty Heights.

Amazon Prime
Amazon Prime (styled as prime) is a paid subscription service of Amazon which is available in many countries and gives users access to additional services otherwise unavailable or available at a premium to other Amazon customers. Founded on February 2, 2005, services include logistics through same, one- or two-day delivery of goods, healthcare through the optional perk of One Medical primary care services, entertainment through streaming music, video, e-books, gaming, and grocery shopping services. In April 2021, Amazon reported that Prime had 200 million subscribers worldwide.
Creager
Creager is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Angela N. H. Creager (born 1963), American biochemist, and historian of science

Charles E. Creager (1873–1964), American newspaper publisher and politician

Curtis Creager, American-Canadian bass guitarist

Melora Creager (born 1966), American musician

Ronnie Creager (born 1974), American skateboarder

Roger Creager (born 1971), American country singer and songwriter

Curtis Creager
Curtis Creager (born in St. Petersburg, Florida, United States) is an American-Canadian bass guitarist, best known as a former member of the punk rock band SNFU and alternative rock band the Wheat Chiefs.
Harold Snyman
Harold Snyman (23 April 1928 – 1 November 1998) was a major in the South African Security Police.

He led the interrogation of Black Consciousness leader Steve Biko after Biko's arrest in September 1977. He retired with the rank of colonel.

In 1985, he was portrayed in the banned theatre production The Biko Inquest, directed by Saira Essa and Charles Pillay in South Africa. His character was played by a British actor, Andrew Edwards.

After South Africa's transition to democracy, Snyman applied for amnesty from the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. He testified that he and his fellow officers "slammed Steve Biko's head into a wall, chained him crucifixion style to a gate for 24 hours, then covered up the truth about his death", in contrast to an inquest from decades before, where he and others testified that Biko had banged his head against the wall himself. His submission was rejected on the basis of non-disclosure.

He died from skin cancer on 1 November 1998.

South African Police
The South African Police (SAP) was the national police force and law enforcement agency in South Africa from 1913 to 1994; it was the de facto police force in the territory of South West Africa (Namibia) from 1939 to 1981. After South Africa's transition to majority rule in 1994, the SAP was reorganized into the South African Police Service (SAPS).
Demographics of Punjab, India
Punjab is home to 2.3% of India's population; with a density of 551 persons per km2. According to the provisional results of the 2011 national census, Punjab has a population of 27,743,338, making it the 16th most populated state in India. Of which male and female are 14,639,465 and 13,103,873 respectively. 32% of Punjab's population consists of Dalits. In the state, the rate of population growth is 13.9% (2011), lower than national average. Out of total population, 37.5% people live in urban regions. The total figure of population living in urban areas is 10,399,146 of which 5,545,989 are males and while remaining 4,853,157 are females. The urban population in the last 10 years has increased by 37.5%. According to the 2011 Census of India, Punjab, India has a population of around 27.7 million.

Radcliffe Line
The Radcliffe Line was the boundary demarcated by the two boundary commissions for the provinces of Punjab and Bengal during the Partition of India. It is named after Cyril Radcliffe, who, as the joint chairman of the two boundary commissions, had the ultimate responsibility to equitably divide 175,000 square miles (450,000 km2) of territory with 88 million people.

The term "Radcliffe Line" is also sometimes used for the entire boundary between India and Pakistan. However, outside of Punjab and Bengal, the boundary is made of pre-existing provincial boundaries and had nothing to do with the Radcliffe commissions.

The demarcation line was published on 17 August 1947, two days after the independence of Pakistan and India. Today, the Punjab part of the line is part of the India–Pakistan border while the Bengal part of the line serves as the Bangladesh–India border.
2001 Moyle District Council election
Elections to Moyle District Council were held on 7 June 2001 on the same day as the other Northern Irish local government elections. The election used three district electoral areas to elect a total of 15 councillors.

Local government in Northern Ireland
Local government in Northern Ireland is divided among 11 single-tier districts known as local government districts (abbreviated LGDs) and formerly known as district council areas (DCAs). Councils in Northern Ireland do not carry out the same range of functions as those in the rest of the United Kingdom; for example they have no responsibility for education, road-building or housing (although they do nominate members to the advisory Northern Ireland Housing Council). Their 
functions include planning, waste and recycling services, leisure and community services, building control and local economic and cultural development. The collection of rates is handled centrally by the Land and Property Services agency of the Northern Ireland Executive.
Inamorata (album)
Inamorata is the sixteenth studio album by the country rock band Poco, released in 1984. Featuring guest spots by former members Timothy B. Schmit, Richie Furay and George Grantham (the only member missing from the classic years line up was Jim Messina), this would be the last album that the band would record for Atlantic Records. After this the original line up (Richie Furay, Rusty Young, Jim Messina, Randy Meisner and George Grantham) would reform for the 1989 release Legacy.

Country rock
Country rock is a music genre that fuses rock and country. It was developed by rock musicians who began to record country-flavored records and country musicians who implemented rock flavor into country records in the late 1960s and early 1970s. These musicians recorded records blending rock with country themes, vocal styles, and additional instrumentation, most characteristically pedal steel guitars. Country rock began in the late 60s with artists like the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, International Submarine Band, The Flying Burrito Brothers, The Byrds, Bob Dylan, Bob Seger and Poco, reaching its greatest popularity in the 1970s with artists such as Eagles, Grateful Dead, Gram Parsons and New Riders of the Purple Sage. Country rock also influenced artists in other genres, including The Band, the Grateful Dead, Creedence Clearwater Revival, The Rolling Stones, and George Harrison's solo work, as well as playing a part in the development of Southern rock.
Dániel Kiss (hurdler)
Dániel Kiss (born 12 February 1982) is a Hungarian hurdler. He holds the national record in the indoor sprint hurdle event.

He finished 7th in the 110 m hurdles final at the 2006 European Athletics Championships in Gothenburg. 
In 2010 he reached the final at the World Indoor Championships, where he placed 8th.

2006 European Athletics Championships
The 19th European Athletics Championships were held in Gothenburg, Sweden, between 7 August and 13 August 2006. The competition arena was the Ullevi Stadium and the official motto "Catch the Spirit". Gothenburg also hosted the 1995 World Championships in Athletics, and Stockholm, Sweden's capital, hosted 1958 European Athletics Championships.
Percy (1971 film)
Percy is a 1971 British comedy film directed by Ralph Thomas starring Hywel Bennett, Denholm Elliott, Elke Sommer and Britt Ekland.

The film is based on the 1969 novel of the same name by Raymond Hitchcock, and features a soundtrack by The Kinks. It was followed by a 1974 sequel, Percy's Progress.

Ray Davies
Sir Raymond Douglas Davies CBE (born 21 June 1944) is an English musician. He was the lead vocalist, rhythm guitarist and primary songwriter for the rock band the Kinks, which he led, with his younger brother Dave providing lead guitar and backing vocals, and both of them were the only consistent members during the band's existence. He has also acted in, directed and produced shows for theatre and television. Known for focusing his lyrics on rock bands, English culture, nostalgia and social satire, he is often referred to as the "Godfather of Britpop", though he disputes this title. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of the Kinks in 1990. After the dissolution of the Kinks in 1996, he embarked on a solo career.
Battle of Dorylaeum
Battle of Dorylaeum can refer to:

Battle of Dorylaeum (1097), a battle between crusaders and the Seljuk Turks during the First Crusade

Battle of Dorylaeum (1147), a battle between German crusaders and the Seljuk Turks during the Second Crusade

Battle of Dorylaeum (1097)
The Battle of Dorylaeum took place during the First Crusade on 1 July 1097 between the crusader forces and the Seljuk Turks, near the city of Dorylaeum in Anatolia. Though the Turkish forces of Kilij Arslan nearly wiped out the Crusader contingent of Bohemond of Taranto, other Crusaders arrived just in time to reverse the course of the battle.
Electoral district of Goyder
Goyder was an electoral district of the South Australian House of Assembly. It was a 9,258 km2 rural electorate located on the Yorke Peninsula and taking in the towns of Ardrossan, Bute, Edithburgh, Kadina, Maitland, Minlaton, Moonta, Port Wakefield, Wallaroo and Yorketown. The electorate was named after George Goyder, a former state Surveyor-General famous for developing Goyder's Line, which indicated the area of the state that had enough rainfall to be suitable for agriculture.

From the 2018 election, Goyder was renamed to Narungga.

Ardrossan, South Australia
Ardrossan is a town in the Australian state of South Australia located on the eastern coast of the Yorke Peninsula, about 150 kilometres (93 mi) by road from the Adelaide city centre. It is notable for its deepwater shipping port and its towering coastal cliffs of red clay.
Rock Gym (Elberton, Georgia)
The Rock Gym is a historic gym located at 45 Forest Avenue in Elberton, Georgia, United States. The gym was built in 1941 and initially served as a National Guard armory. The Elbert County School System also occupied the building and used it for high school basketball games, commencement ceremonies, school dances, and other events. The school system closed the gym in the 1990s, and it was vacant until 2003, when the city considered demolishing the building. The Elbert County Historical Society spent the next nine years restoring the building, and it reopened in 2012 as the Elberton-Elbert County Conference Center and Museum.

The gym was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.

Gym
A gym, short for gymnasium (pl.: gymnasiums or gymnasia), is an indoor venue for exercise and sports. The word is derived from the ancient Greek term "gymnasion". They are commonly found in athletic and fitness centres, and as activity and learning spaces in educational institutions. "Gym" is also the commonly used name for a "fitness centre" or health club, which is often an area for indoor recreation. A "gym" may include or describe adjacent open air areas as well. In Western countries, "gyms" often describe places with indoor or outdoor courts for basketball, hockey, tennis, boxing or wrestling, and with equipment and machines used for physical development training, or to do exercises. In many European countries, Gymnasium (and variations of the word) also can describe a secondary school that prepares students for higher education at a university, with or without the presence of athletic courts, fields, or equipment.
Jorge Castillo Cabrera
Jorge de Jesús Castillo Cabrera (born 15 September 1946) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI).

He has served in the Chamber of Deputies on two occasions: 
from 1994 to 1997 (56th Congress) for Chihuahua's tenth district, 
and from 2003 to 2006 (59th Congress) for Chihuahua's seventh district.

LIX Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LIX Legislature (59th session) of the Congress of Mexico met from September 2003 to August 2006. All members of the lower house (Chamber of Deputies) were elected in the elections of July 2003 while members of the upper house (Senate) were elected in the elections of July 2000.
2025 Paraguay Open – Doubles
Boris Arias and Federico Zeballos were the defending champions but lost in the first round to Álvaro Guillén Meza and Guido Iván Justo.

Vasil Kirkov and Matías Soto won the title after defeating Guillermo Durán and Mariano Kestelboim 6–3, 6–4 in the final.

Mariano Kestelboim
Mariano Kestelboim (born 6 February 1996) is an Argentine tennis player.

He has a career high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 124 achieved on 3 November and a career high singles ranking of No. 387 achieved on 18 September 2017.
Girolamo Mercuriale
Girolamo Mercuriale or Mercuriali (Italian: Geronimo Mercuriali; Latin: Hieronymus Mercurialis, Hyeronimus Mercurialis) (September 30, 1530 – November 8, 1606) was an Italian philologist and physician, most famous for his work De Arte Gymnastica.

Vivian Nutton
Vivian Nutton FBA (born 1943) is a British historian of medicine. He is Emeritus Professor at the UCL Centre for the History of Medicine, University College London, and president of the Centre for the Study of Medicine and the Body in the Renaissance (CSMBR).
Contact sign
A contact sign language, or contact sign, is a variety or style of language that arises from contact between deaf individuals using a sign language and hearing individuals using an oral language (or the written or manually coded form of the oral language). Contact languages also arise between different sign languages, although the term pidgin rather than contact sign is used to describe such phenomena.

Contact sign has been characterized as "a sign language that has elements of both [a] natural sign language and the surrounding [oral] language".

British Sign Language
British Sign Language (BSL) is a sign language used in the United Kingdom and is the first or preferred language among the deaf community in the UK. Based on the percentage of people who reported 'using British Sign Language at home' on the 2011 Scottish Census, the British Deaf Association estimates there are 151,000 BSL users in the UK, of whom 87,000 are Deaf. People who are not deaf may also use BSL, as hearing relatives of deaf people, sign language interpreters or as a result of other contact with the British Deaf community. The language makes use of space and involves movement of the hands, body, face and head.
Giacinto Garofalini
Giacinto Garofalini (1661–1723) was an Italian painter of the Baroque period, active mainly in Bologna. He was initially a pupil of Donato Creti, and later studied under the painter Marcantonio Franceschini. He was also referred to as Garofolini by Luigi Lanzi. He was a professor at the Accademia Clementina, where he taught figure painting.

He married a niece of Franceschini's wife. Together with a fellow pupil, Ferdinando Cairo, Garofalini painted the vault of the Church of Sant'Antonio in Brescia, as well as several side altarpieces. He painted two large canvases for the Church of the Scalzi Priests. With Luca Antonio Bistega, a painter of quadratura, he decorated the chapel of San Tommaso del Mercato. He also worked on the Sanctuary of Santa Maria Lacrimosa (to which later was added the tag degli Alemanni).

Accademia di Belle Arti di Bologna
The Accademia di Belle Arti di Bologna ('academy of fine arts of Bologna') is a public tertiary academy of fine art in Bologna, Italy. It has a campus in Cesena.

Giorgio Morandi taught engraving at the Accademia for more than 25 years.
Cephrenes acalle
Cephrenes acalle, commonly known as the plain palm dart, is a butterfly belonging to the family Hesperiidae. An examination of the type specimen showed that it was identical to Cephrenes chrysozona lompa Evans 1934 based on genitalia. This has led to Cephrenes chrysozona being treated as a synonym. The species breeds on palms including coconut, Calamus, Elaeis, Roystonea and Prychosperma.

Skipper (butterfly)
Skippers are a group of butterflies placed in the family Hesperiidae within the order Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies). They were previously placed in a separate superfamily, Hesperioidea, but have since been placed in the superfamily Papilionoidea (the butterflies). They are named for their quick, darting flight habits. Most have their antenna tips modified into narrow, hook-like projections. Moreover, skippers mostly lack wing-coupling structure available in most moths. More than 3500 species of skippers are recognized, and they occur worldwide, but with the greatest diversity in the Neotropical regions of Central and South America.
Sailing at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Nacra 17
The mixed Nacra 17 was a sailing event at the 2020 Summer Olympics that took place between 28 July–3 August at Kamakura. 13 races (the last one a medal race) were held.

The medals were presented by IOC Member Giovanni Malagò and World Sailing Athlete Commission Chair Jo Aleh (NZL).

Giovanni Malagò
Giovanni Malagò (born 13 March 1959) is an Italian businessman, sports executive, and former futsal player. He is the former president of the Italian National Olympic Committee (CONI). Since 1 January 2019, he is a member of the International Olympic Committee.
Physcia cinerea
Physcia cinerea is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Physciaceae. It was described as a new species in 1990 by the Swedish lichenologist Roland Moberg. The lichen is found in Argentina, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela at elevations between 2,500 and 4,000 m (8,200 and 13,100 ft), typically on sun-exposed rocks in páramo habitat. It has an orbicular to irregularly shaped thallus up to 3 cm in diameter, comprising narrow lobes up to 1 mm wide. The thallus is grey to dark grey, while the underside is white to brownish, with abundant rhizines of the same colour. Apothecia (fruiting bodies), which are usually abundant, are lecanorine in form and up to 1.5 mm in diameter. They have a dark brown to black disc that lacks pruina. Both the upper cortex and the medulla of the lichen are K+ (yellow). Secondary metabolites (lichen products) in the species include atranorin, zeorin, and leucotylin.

Medulla (lichenology)
The medulla is a horizontal layer within a lichen thallus.  It is a loosely arranged layer of interlaced hyphae below the upper cortex and photobiont zone, but above the lower cortex. The medulla generally has a cottony appearance.  It is the widest layer of a heteromerous lichen thallus.
Yvon Poitras
Yvon Poitras (born July 13, 1948) is a Canadian businessman, politician and lobbyist. He served as the Minister of Municipal Affairs of New Brunswick for 3 years, as well as Treasury Board chairman for two until 1985 under Premier Richard Hatfield.

Poitras was born in Grand Falls, New Brunswick. He currently is general manager of the New Brunswick Maple Syrup Association.

Grand Falls, New Brunswick
Grand Falls (French: Grand-Sault) is a town in northwestern New Brunswick, Canada, on the Saint John River. Its name comes from a waterfall created by a series of rock ledges over which the river drops 23 metres (75 ft).

On 1 January 2023, Grand Falls expanded to include Drummond, the rural community of Saint-André, the local service district of the parish of Grand Falls, and part of the LSD of the parish of Drummond. Revised census figures have not been released.
Cebe, Çemişgezek
Cebe (also known as Pazapun) is a village in the Çemişgezek District, Tunceli Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Turks and had a population of 270 in 2021.

The hamlet of Gözecik is attached to the village.

Tunceli Province
Tunceli Province (Turkish: Tunceli ili), formerly Dersim Province (Kurdish: Parêzgeha Dêrsim; Zazaki: Dêsim wilayet; Armenian: Տէրսիմի մարզ), is a province in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey. Its central city is Tunceli. The province has a Kurdish majority. Moreover, it is the only province in Turkey with an Alevi majority. The province has eight municipalities, 366 villages and 1,087 hamlets.
Winnipeg Toilers
The Winnipeg Toilers Men's Basketball Team was a Senior "A" men's basketball team located in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.  It has been recognized for its achievements in the Canadian Senior "A" Men's Championships, having won the championship in 1926, 1927, and 1932.  The 1926 Team was inducted into the Manitoba Sports Hall of Fame in 1982, followed by the induction of the 1927 Team in 2004.

The Toilers were founded at the YMCA in 1910 under the tutelage of Physical Instructor Bill Alldritt. This team was representative of the province of Manitoba, and guided under the federation of Canada Basketball.

Tragedy struck the Toilers on March 31, 1933, when a Ford Trimotor carrying members of the team from Tulsa, Oklahoma, to Winnipeg crashed near Neodesha, Kansas, killing seven of the 13 people on board.

Ford Trimotor
The Ford Trimotor (also called the "Tri-Motor", and nicknamed the "Tin Goose") is an American three-engined transport aircraft. It made its first flight on June 11, 1926. Production started in 1925 by the companies of Henry Ford and ended on June 7, 1933, after 199 had been made. It was designed for the civil aviation market, but also saw service with military units.