hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Castanopsis hystrix
Castanopsis hystrix or Patle katus is a species of evergreen broadleaf tree, which grows up to 30 meters in height.

The tree is found in subtropical broadleaved evergreen forests, ranging from the eastern Himalayas of Nepal, Bhutan, and northeastern India, across Indochina (Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam), southern China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, southwestern Hunan, southeastern Tibet, and southern Yunnan), and Taiwan. It ranges up to 2400 meters elevation in the Himalayas, and up to 1600 meters elevation in southern China. It thrives in moist soils, and is often found in association with trees of family Lauraceae.

Lauraceae
Lauraceae, or the laurels, is a plant family that includes the true laurel and its closest relatives. This family comprises about 2850 known species in about 45 genera worldwide. They are dicotyledons, and occur mainly in warm temperate and tropical regions, especially Southeast Asia and South America. Many are aromatic evergreen trees or shrubs, but some, such as Sassafras, are deciduous, or include both deciduous and evergreen trees and shrubs, especially in tropical and temperate climates. The genus Cassytha is unique in the Lauraceae in that its members are parasitic vines. Many species within the laurel family are highly toxic; however, some, such as the avocado (Persea americana), are edible and widely consumed. Members of the laurel family have played a significant role in the spice trade, particularly genera like Cinnamomum, which produce aromatic oils used extensively in cooking, perfumery, and traditional medicine.
Michael Wilk
Michael John Wilk (born circa 1951 in Chicopee, Massachusetts) is an American keyboardist, songwriter, and record producer best known for his contributions to John Kay and Steppenwolf largely as a keyboardist and bass player.  He has also worked with Boz Scaggs, Mick Fleetwood, Christine McVie, Billy Burnette, Phil Seymour, Danny Hutton, the Pointer Sisters, Tom Scott, and the actor Scott Baio.  Working with Steve Cropper of Booker T. & the M.G.'s and the Blues Brothers, Wilk performed and recorded the music for the movie Satisfaction. Wilk also worked on the Pretty In Pink soundtrack and has worked on television commercials. He worked as a sound technician with The University of Alabama Million Dollar Band until 2018, and teaches Pro Tools Tuesdays & Thursdays each week as an adjunct in the UA School of Music.

Phil Seymour
Philip Warren Seymour (May 15, 1952 – August 17, 1993) was an American drummer, singer, guitarist and songwriter, best known for the singles "I'm on Fire" (with The Dwight Twilley Band), his own solo hit "Precious to Me" and for providing backing vocals on Tom Petty's hits "American Girl" and "Breakdown." His solo work is revered among fans of power pop.
2012 Oregon State Treasurer election
The 2012 Oregon State Treasurer election was held on November 6, 2012, to elect the Oregon State Treasurer. Incumbent Democratic State Treasurer Ted Wheeler was re-elected to a full term after being appointed to the role in 2010 by Governor Ted Kulongoski due to the death of Ben Westlund and then being elected to finish the term.

Ted Wheeler
Edward Tevis Wheeler (born August 31, 1962) is an American politician and businessman who served as the 53rd mayor of Portland, Oregon, from 2017 to 2025. A moderate member of the Democratic Party, Wheeler served as the state treasurer of Oregon from 2010 to 2016 and the chair of the Multnomah County Commission from 2007 to 2010.

Wheeler was elected in the 2016 Portland mayoral election and reelected in 2020. Formerly a registered Republican, he has been described as a moderate Democrat.
Hamming distance
In information theory, the Hamming distance between two strings or vectors of equal length is the number of positions at which the corresponding symbols are different. In other words, it measures the minimum number of substitutions required to change one string into the other, or equivalently, the minimum number of errors that could have transformed one string into the other. In a more general context, the Hamming distance is one of several string metrics for measuring the edit distance between two sequences. It is named after the American mathematician Richard Hamming.

A major application is in coding theory, more specifically to block codes, in which the equal-length strings are vectors over a finite field.

Symbol
A symbol is a mark, sign, or word that indicates, signifies, or is understood as representing an idea, object, relationship, or mathematical formula. Symbols allow people to go beyond what is known or seen by creating linkages between otherwise different concepts and experiences. All communication is achieved through the use of symbols: for example, a red octagon is a common symbol for "STOP"; on maps, blue lines often represent rivers; and a red rose often symbolizes love and compassion. Numerals are symbols for numbers; letters of an alphabet may be symbols for certain phonemes; and personal names are symbols representing individuals. The academic study of symbols is called semiotics.

In the arts, symbolism is the use of a concrete element to represent a more abstract idea. In cartography, an organized collection of symbols forms a legend for a map.
In vitro recombination
Recombinant DNA (rDNA), or molecular cloning, is the process by which a single gene, or segment of DNA, is isolated and amplified. Recombinant DNA is also known as in vitro recombination. A cloning vector is a DNA molecule that carries foreign DNA into a host cell, where it replicates, producing many copies of itself along with the foreign DNA. There are many types of cloning vectors such as plasmids and phages. In order to carry out recombination between vector and the foreign DNA, it is necessary the vector and DNA to be cloned by digestion, ligase the foreign DNA into the vector with the enzyme DNA ligase. And DNA is inserted by introducing the DNA into bacteria cells by transformation.

Ligase
In biochemistry, a ligase is an enzyme that can catalyze the joining (ligation) of two molecules by forming a new chemical bond. This is typically via hydrolysis of a small pendant chemical group on one of the molecules, typically resulting in the formation of new C-O, C-S, or C-N bonds. For example, DNA ligase can join two complementary fragments of nucleic acid by forming phosphodiester bonds, and repair single stranded breaks that arise in double stranded DNA during replication.

In general, a ligase catalyzes the following dehydration reaction, thus joining molecules A and B:

A-OH + B-H → A–B + H2O
National POW/MIA Recognition Day
In the United States, National POW/MIA Recognition Day is observed on the third Friday in September. It honors those who were prisoners of war (POWs) and those who are still missing in action (MIA). It is most associated with those who were POWs during the Vietnam War. National Vietnam War Veterans Day is March 29, the date in 1973 when the last US combat troops departed the Republic of Vietnam.

Missing in action
Missing in action (MIA) is a casualty classification assigned to combatants, military chaplains, combat medics, and prisoners of war who are reported missing during wartime or ceasefire. They may have been killed, wounded, captured, executed, or deserted. If deceased, neither their remains nor their grave have been positively identified. Becoming MIA has been an occupational risk for as long as there has been warfare.
KTMR
KTMR (1130 AM) is a radio station licensed to Converse, Texas serving nearby San Antonio as a Spanish radio station, airing a variety of talk programs, with regional Mexican music mornings, and Sports programming on weekends. It is currently under ownership of SIGA Broadcasting Corporation.

Because it shares the same frequency as "clear channel" station KWKH in Shreveport, Louisiana; KTMR only broadcasts during the daytime hours.

Converse, Texas
Converse is a city in Bexar County, Texas, United States, 15 miles (24 km) northeast of downtown San Antonio. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 27,466. It is part of the San Antonio metropolitan statistical area.
Topher
Topher, and  less commonly Toph, are abbreviations of the name Christopher.

Notable people with the name include:

Topher Campbell, British director of film, television and theatre

Topher Grace (born 1978), American actor

Topher Payne (born 1979), American playwright and screenwriter

Topher Ricketts (1955–2010), Filipino martial artist, teacher, actor and author

Topher Grace
Christopher John "Topher" Grace (/ˈtoʊfər/ TOH-fər; born July 12, 1978), is an American actor. He is known for his roles as Eric Forman in the sitcom That '70s Show (1998–2005) and Eddie Brock / Venom in the film Spider-Man 3 (2007). He has also starred in the films Traffic (2000), Mona Lisa Smile (2003), Win a Date with Tad Hamilton! (2004), In Good Company (2004), Valentine's Day (2010), and Predators (2010).

Grace also played the lead role in the ABC comedy series Home Economics (2021–2023) and has had supporting roles in films such as Interstellar (2014), BlacKkKlansman (2018), and Heretic (2024).
Conservation parks of New Zealand
Conservation park is a type of protected status for land held by the Crown in New Zealand for conservation purposes. Conservation parks are managed to protect their natural and historic resources, and to provide for public recreation, subject to their conservation purposes. They have a less stringent level of protection than national parks. The status was created under the Conservation Act 1987 and the parks are administered by the Department of Conservation (DoC).

Forest parks were created under the Forests Act 1949, with first being Tararua Forest Park, established in 1954. They were transferred to DOC administration in 1987, becoming conservation parks, although 'forest park' is still retained in the names of many of them.

As of September 2020, there were 54 conservation parks in New Zealand (including 36 named as forest parks), covering an area of 2,690,191 hectares.

Conservation biology
Conservation biology is the study of the conservation of nature and of Earth's biodiversity with the aim of protecting species, their habitats, and ecosystems from excessive rates of extinction and the erosion of biotic interactions. It is an interdisciplinary subject drawing on natural and social sciences, and the practice of natural resource management.

The conservation ethic is based on the findings of conservation biology.
Central Committee of the 18th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
The Central Committee of the 18th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) was in session from 1939 until 1952, and was replenished in 1941. It elected, at its 1st Plenary Session, the Politburo, the Secretariat, the Orgburo and the Party Control Commission. Its 71 members and 68 candidate members were elected at the 18th Party Congress.

Central Control Commission of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
The Central Control Commission (Russian: Центральная Контрольная Комиссия, Tsentral'naya Kontrol'naya Komissiya) was a supreme disciplinary body (since 1934 within the Central Committee) of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, also known as the Party Control Commission (1934–1952) and the Party Control Committee (1952–1990). Its members were elected at the Party Congress or the plenary sessions of the Central Committee.
Urlingford
Urlingford (Irish: Áth na nUrlainn, meaning 'Ford of the slaughter') is a town in County Kilkenny, Ireland. It is also a civil parish within the barony of Galmoy. The town is in the north west of the county, along the boundary with County Tipperary, 16 km north-east of Thurles.

Thurles
Thurles (/ˈtɜːrləs/; Durlas Éile) is a town in County Tipperary, Ireland. It is located in the civil parish of the same name in the barony of Eliogarty and in the ecclesiastical parish of Thurles. The cathedral church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cashel and Emly is located in the town.

The birthplace of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA), Thurles is the third largest town in the county, with a population of 8,185 at the 2022 census.
Woody Fish
H. Woodrow Fish is an American college administrator and former American football player and coach. He currently serves as the Assistant Vice-President of Development for Athletics at Gardner–Webb University in Boiling Springs, North Carolina. Fish was the head football coach at Gardner–Webb from 1984 to 1996, compiling a record of 72–71–1.

Gardner–Webb University
Gardner–Webb University (GWU) is a private Baptist university in Boiling Springs, North Carolina, United States. It was founded as Boiling Springs High School in 1905. Gardner–Webb is classified as a Doctoral/Professional university.

Over 3,000 students attend Gardner–Webb, including undergraduate, graduate, and online students. Nine colleges and schools offer more than 80 undergraduate and graduate major fields of study. GWU's Runnin' Bulldogs compete in NCAA Division I as a member of the Big South Conference in most sports, although the men's and women's swim teams compete in the Coastal Collegiate Sports Association and the wrestling team competes in the Southern Conference.
Yearning (1964 film)
Yearning (乱れる, Midareru; lit. "Confused") is a 1964 Japanese drama film directed by Mikio Naruse and starring Hideko Takamine and Yūzō Kayama. The story centers on a war widow whose deceased husband's family plans to drive her out of the shop which she runs in the family's house.

Mikio Naruse
Mikio Naruse (成瀬 巳喜男, Naruse Mikio; 20 August 1905 – 2 July 1969) was a Japanese film director and screenwriter who directed 89 films spanning the period 1930 to 1967.

Naruse is known for imbuing his films with a bleak and pessimistic outlook. He made primarily shōshimin-eiga ("common people drama") films with female protagonists, portrayed by actresses such as Hideko Takamine, Kinuyo Tanaka, and Setsuko Hara. Because of his focus on family drama and the intersection of traditional and modern Japanese culture, his films have been compared with the works of Yasujirō Ozu. Many of his films in his later career were adaptations of the works of acknowledged Japanese writers. Titled a "major figure of Japan's golden age" and "supremely intelligent dramatist", he remains lesser known than his contemporaries Akira Kurosawa, Kenji Mizoguchi, and Ozu. Among his most noted films are Sound of the Mountain, Late Chrysanthemums, Floating Clouds, Flowing and When A Woman Ascends The Stairs.
Association for Women Journalists
The Association for Women Journalists is an American professional organization to support women working in the journalism field, and girls who aspire to the field.

The first Association for Women Journalists chapter was founded in 1988 in Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas.

Association for Women Journalists' Chicago chapter was later founded in 1993 and fashioned after the Dallas-Ft. Worth group. The chapter's initial meeting was held at Northwestern University's Medill School of Journalism.

Professional association
A professional association (also called  a professional body, professional organization, or professional society) is a group that usually seeks to further a particular profession, the interests of individuals and organisations engaged in that profession, and the public interest. In the United States, such an association is typically a nonprofit business league for tax purposes. In the UK, they may take a variety of legal forms.
Rangaswamy
Rangaswamy is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Rangaswamy Nataraja Mudaliar (1885–1972), Indian film director

Rangaswamy Narasimhan (1926–2007), Indian computer and cognitive scientist

Adithiya Rangaswamy (born 1994), Botswana cricketer

Hotte Paksha Rangaswamy (1933–2007), political leader from the Indian state of Karnataka

Jeevarathinam Rangaswamy (born 1921), a leader of Indian National Congress from Tamil Nadu

M. Rangaswamy, Indian politician and was elected member for the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly

N. Rangaswamy (born 1950), Indian politician, Chief Minister of the Union Territory of Puducherry

Ponnuswamy Rangaswamy (born 1964), Indian weightlifter

Shantha Rangaswamy, (born 1954), Indian cricketer

Manchanahalli Rangaswamy Satyanarayana Rao (born 1948), Indian scientist from Mysore, India

Rangaswamy Srinivasan (born 1929), physical chemist and inventor with a 30-year career at IBM Research

Jeevarathinam Rangaswamy
Jeevarathinam Rangaswamy (born 6 November 1921) is an Indian politician who was leader of Indian National Congress from Tamil Nadu. He served as member of the Lok Sabha representing Arakkonam (Lok Sabha constituency). Rangaswamy was elected to 8th, 9th and 10th Lok Sabha.
Abu Bakr al-Hassar
Al-Hassar or Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Abdallah ibn Ayyash al-Hassar (Arabic: أبو بكر محمد ابن عياش الحصَار) was a 12th-century Moroccan mathematician. He is the author of two books Kitab al-bayan wat-tadhkar (Book of Demonstration and Memorization), a manual of calculation and Kitab al-kamil fi sinaat al-adad (Complete Book on the Art of Numbers), on the breakdown of numbers. The first book is lost and only a part of the second book remains.

Al-Hassar developed the modern symbolic mathematical notation for fractions, where the numerator and denominator are separated by a horizontal bar. This same fractional notation appeared soon after in the work of Fibonacci in the 13th century.

Fibonacci
Leonardo Bonacci (c. 1170 – c. 1240–50), commonly known as Fibonacci, was an Italian mathematician from the Republic of Pisa, considered to be "the most talented Western mathematician of the Middle Ages".

The name he is commonly called, Fibonacci, is first found in a modern source in a 1838 text by the Franco-Italian mathematician Guglielmo Libri and is short for filius Bonacci ('son of Bonacci'). However, even as early as 1506, Perizolo, a notary of the Holy Roman Empire, mentions him as "Lionardo Fibonacci".

Fibonacci popularized the Indo–Arabic numeral system in the Western world primarily through his composition in 1202 of Liber Abaci (Book of Calculation)  and also introduced Europe to the sequence of Fibonacci numbers, which he used as an example in Liber Abaci.
Health and Safety Commission
The Health and Safety Commission (HSC) was a United Kingdom non-departmental public body. The HSC was created by the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 (HSWA). It was formally established on 31 July 1974. The Commission consisted of a chairman and between six and nine other people, appointed by the Secretary of State for Employment, latterly the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions, after consultation. The first meeting of the HSC took place on 1 October 1974. Its responsibilities covered England and Wales and Scotland. In Northern Ireland, its functions were carried out by the Health and Safety Executive for Northern Ireland. It merged with the Health and Safety Executive on 1 April 2008.

Secretary of State for Work and Pensions
The secretary of state for work and pensions, also referred to as the work and pensions secretary, is a secretary of state in the Government of the United Kingdom, with overall responsibility for the business of the Department for Work and Pensions. The incumbent is a member of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom.

The office holder works alongside the other work and pensions ministers. The corresponding shadow minister is the shadow secretary of state for work and pensions. The performance of the secretary of state is also scrutinised by the Work and Pensions Select Committee.

The office is currently held by Pat McFadden.
Cinema Cinema
Cinema Cinema is a 1979 quasi-documentary of the Indian film world (Bollywood), written and directed by Krishna Shah. The movie was Shah's fourth as feature film director, following the disastrous Shalimar.

Parallel cinema
Parallel cinema, or New Indian Cinema, is a film movement in Indian cinema that originated in the state of West Bengal in the 1950s as an alternative to the mainstream commercial Indian cinema.

Inspired by Italian Neorealism, Parallel Cinema began just before the French New Wave and Japanese New Wave, and was a precursor to the Indian New Wave of the 1960s. The movement was initially led by Bengali cinema and produced internationally acclaimed filmmakers such as Satyajit Ray, Mrinal Sen, Ritwik Ghatak, Tapan Sinha and others. It later gained prominence in other film industries of India.

It is known for its serious content, realism and naturalism, symbolic elements with a keen eye on the sociopolitical climate of the times, and the general rejection of inserted song-and-dance routines that are typical of mainstream Indian films.
Namdong station
Namdong station is a closed railway station in Sukch'ŏn County, South P'yŏngan Province, North Korea; it was the terminus of the Namdong Line from P'yŏngnam Onch'ŏn on the P'yŏngnam Line, and of the Namdong Branch of the Sŏhae Line.

South Pyongan Province
South Pyongan Province (Korean: 평안남도; MR: Phyŏngannamdo; IPA: [pʰjʌŋanːamdo]) is a province of North Korea. The province was formed in 1896 from the southern half of the former Pyongan Province, remained a province of Korea until 1945, then became a province of North Korea. Its capital is Pyongsong.
Priscilla Tyson
Priscilla R. Tyson (born April 4, 1955) is a former Columbus Councilwoman and is the longest-serving female councilmember in the Columbus City Council's history. She is the founding director for City Year Columbus. She also spearheaded the passage of Columbus' CROWN Act to end hair discrimination.

City Year
City Year is an American education nonprofit organization founded in 1988. The organization partners with public schools in 29 high-need communities across the US and through international affiliates in the UK and Johannesburg, South Africa. City Year teams are made up of 18 to 24 year olds, who provide student, classroom, and whole school support, intended to help students stay in school and on track to graduate high school. City Year is a member of the AmeriCorps national service network, and is supported by the Corporation for National and Community Service, school district partnerships, and private philanthropy from corporations, foundations and individuals.
Marty Hornstein
Martin Hornstein (September 11, 1937 – December 19, 2013) was an American production manager, producer and second unit director/assistant director. He served from 1976—1983 on the faculty at the American Film Institute. Hornstein was senior vice president of production for Kings Road Entertainment. He died in 2013, aged 76.

Stephen J. Friedman (producer)
Stephen Jay Friedman  (March 15, 1937 – October 4, 1996) was an American film producer known for The Last Picture Show (1971) and The Big Easy (1986). In 1980, he formed Kings Road Entertainment—named after the West Hollywood street where he lived—making him one of the first independent film producers to raise substantial film funding through a publicly traded company.