hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Higraph
A higraph is a diagramming object that formalizes relations into a visual structure. It was developed by David Harel in 1988. Higraphs extend mathematical graphs by including notions of depth and orthogonality. In particular, nodes in a higraph can contain other nodes inside them, creating a hierarchy. The idea was initially developed for applications to databases, knowledge representation, and the behavioral specification of complex concurrent systems using the higraph-based language of statecharts.

Higraphs are widely used in industrial applications like UML. Recently they have been used by philosophers to formally study the use of diagrams in mathematical proofs and reasoning.

David Harel
David Harel (Hebrew: דוד הראל; born 12 April 1950) is a computer scientist, currently serving as President of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities. He has been on the faculty of the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel since 1980, and holds the William Sussman Professorial Chair of Mathematics. Born in London, England, he was Dean of the Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science at the institute for seven years.
Guilder
Guilder is the English translation of the Dutch and German gulden, originally shortened from Middle High German guldin pfenninc ("gold penny"). This was the term that became current in the southern and western parts of the Holy Roman Empire for the Fiorino d'oro (introduced in 1252 in the Republic of Florence). Hence, the name has often been interchangeable with florin (currency sign ƒ or fl.). In Hungary it is called forint.

The guilder is also the name of several currencies used in Europe and the former colonies of the Dutch Empire.

Gold penny
The gold penny was a medieval English coin with a value of twenty pence (i.e. 1⁄12 pound sterling), minted in 1257 during the reign of Henry III. The coin was short-lived as it quickly became undervalued, which led to its almost complete disappearance; only 8 examples are known to exist to this day.
Allan Ingraham
Allan Ingraham (also spelled Allen; born 7 March 1962) is a Bahamian sprinter. He competed in the men's 400 metres at the 1984 Summer Olympics.

During his 1981 spring break, Ingraham ran 46.2 seconds to anchor the Bahamian national team to a 4 × 400 m international victory. He was described as a hero in his home country, with fans chanting 'In-gra-ham' during the meet.

Ingraham was an NCAA Division I national champion sprinter for the TCU Horned Frogs track and field team, leading off their winning 4 × 400 meter relay team at the 1983 NCAA Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships. He broke the Bahamian record in the 400 metres, running 45.26 before the 1984 Games.

He would later convince his college coach Bubba Thornton to travel to Nassau, Bahamas to scout athletes at the CARIFTA Games.

CARIFTA Games
The CARIFTA Games is an annual athletics competition founded by the Caribbean Free Trade Association (CARIFTA). The games were first held in 1972 and consist of track and field events including sprint races, hurdles, middle distance track events, jumping and throwing events, and relays. The Games has two age categories: under-17 (under-18 until 2017) and under-20. Only countries associated with CARIFTA may compete in the competition.
2022 European Open
The 2022 European Open was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the seventh edition of the European Open and part of the ATP Tour 250 series of the 2022 ATP Tour. It took place at the Lotto Arena in Antwerp, Belgium, from 17 October until 23 October 2022.

Lotto Arena
Lotto Arena is an arena in Antwerp, Belgium. It has a seating capacity for 8,050 people for concerts and 5,218 for sporting events. The arena opened on 10 March 2007 after nine months of construction. It is located in the district of Merksem, adjacent to the Sportpaleis.

The Antwerp Giants basketball club uses the arena as its home venue. It also hosts the European Open, a tennis tournament part of the ATP Tour 250 series.
Rochelle Mercedes Garza
Rochelle Mercedes Garza (born 1984/1985) is an American attorney from Brownsville, Texas, who currently serves as one of the five Commissioners on the United States Commission on Civil Rights. She is a civil rights attorney who practices family law, criminal defense, Immigration law, constitutional law and is the president of the Texas Civil Rights Project. In 2017 a federal notice was named after her because of her work in a notable reproductive rights case.

She was the Democratic nominee in the 2022 Texas Attorney General election, losing to incumbent Ken Paxton.

Immigration law
Immigration law includes the national statutes, regulations, and legal precedents governing immigration into and deportation from a country. Strictly speaking, it is distinct from other matters such as naturalization and citizenship, although they are sometimes conflated.  Countries frequently maintain laws that regulate both the rights of entry and exit as well as internal rights, such as the duration of stay, freedom of movement, and the right to participate in commerce or government.
Paris Match (band)
paris match (パリス・マッチ, Parisu Matchi) is a Japanese musical group formed in 1998 by composer/arranger Yosuke Sugiyama and lyricist Tai Furusawa with vocalist Mari Mizuno. They debuted in 2000 with the album volume one. The group's name is a homage to the British musical group The Style Council, whose album Café Bleu features a song titled "The Paris Match".

The music of paris match is a fusion of diverse musical genres including bossa nova, jazz, acid-jazz, soul, blue-eyed soul, AOR, and house.

Blue-eyed soul
Blue-eyed soul (also called white soul) is rhythm and blues (R&B) and soul music performed by white artists. The term was coined in the mid-1960s, to describe white artists whose sound was similar to that of the predominantly black Motown and Stax record labels. Though many R&B radio stations in the United States in that period would only play music by black musicians, some began to play music by white acts considered to have "soul feeling"; their music was then described as "blue-eyed soul".
Church of Our Lady of Ostrobrama, Bristol
Our Lady of Ostrobrama (Polish: Kościół Matki Bożej Ostrobramskiej), formerly Arley Chapel, is a mid-19th-century church on Arley Hill, Cotham, Bristol, England. Built in 1855 as a Congregational chapel to designs by Foster & Wood, it has been the principal Polish Roman Catholic church in Southwest England since 1968, and is a Grade II listed building.

The church serves an estimated 1,200 worshippers and functions as a regional centre for the Polish Catholic Mission. In May 2016 it hosted a gathering of eighty Polish clergy for the Extraordinary Jubilee of Mercy.

Traditional Polish devotions remain prominent; hundreds attend the annual Święconka. The premises also serve the wider diaspora as a polling station for Polish national elections.

Polish Catholic Mission
The Polish Catholic Mission, Polish: Polska Misja Katolicka, (PMK) is a permanent Catholic chaplaincy for migrant Poles. It operates in a number of countries under the direction of the Polish Episcopal Conference.
1991 Australian Men's Hardcourt Championships – Doubles
Andrew Castle and Nduka Odizor were the defending champions, but did not participate together this year.  Castle partnered Roger Smith, losingin the quarterfinals.  Odizor partnered Cyril Suk, losing in the quarterfinals.

Wayne Ferreira and Stefan Kruger won the title, defeating Paul Haarhuis and Mark Koevermans 6–4, 4–6, 6–4 in the final.

Paul Haarhuis
Paul Vincent Nicholas Haarhuis (Dutch pronunciation: [pʌul ˈhaːrhœys]; born 19 February 1966) is a Dutch tennis coach and a former professional player. He is a former world No. 1 doubles player, having reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 18 in November 1995. He has won 54 doubles titles, including six Grand Slam titles, five with Jacco Eltingh, and one with Yevgeny Kafelnikov.
1994–95 IHL (Russia) season
The 1994–95 International Hockey League season was the third season of the International Hockey League, the top level of ice hockey in Russia. 28 teams participated in the league, and HK Dynamo Moscow won the championship by defeating HK Lada Togliatti in the final.

International Hockey League (1992–1996)
The International Hockey League (MHL) (Russian: Межнациональная хоккейная лига (МХЛ), romanized: Mezhnatsional'naya khokkeynaya liga) lasted from 1992 to 1996. It replaced the Soviet Union's Championship league. The last season was in 1995–96, as the league was replaced by the Russian Superleague the following season.

Unlike the Soviet championship, which was awarded to the best team through the regular season, the MHL introduced a playoff system. There were two trophies in the league: one, the MHL Cup, was awarded to the winner of the playoffs, the other, the MHL Championship, to the winner of the regular season.

The first season of the league sent its champion, HC Dynamo Moscow, to a championship series against HC CSK VVS Samara, the winner of the second-tier Championship of Russia. Dynamo won all three games and were proclaimed Absolute Champions of Russia, which earned them qualification to the IIHF European Cup.
1974 Suisse Open Gstaad – Doubles
The 1974 Suisse Open Gstaad – Doubles was an event of the 1974 Suisse Open Gstaad tennis tournament and was played on outdoor red clay courts in Gstaad, Switzerland from 8 July until 14 July 1974. The draw consisted of 16 teams. Andrés Gimeno and Antonio Muñoz were the defending Swiss Open doubles champions but did not compete together in this edition. The Spanish team of José Higueras and Manuel Orantes won the title by defeating Roy Emerson and Thomaz Koch in the final, 7–5, 0–6, 6–1, 9–8.

Andrés Gimeno
Andrés Gimeno Tolaguera (3 August 1937 – 9 October 2019) was a Spanish tennis player. His greatest achievement came in 1972, when he won the French Open and became the oldest first-time Grand Slam champion in the Open era at 34 years of age.
St Kilda salt fields brine spill
The St Kilda saltfields brine spill is an ongoing environmental disaster occurring since late 2020 in St Kilda, South Australia, around 30 km (19 mi) north of Adelaide. Former salt production ponds have been leaking brine into adjacent wetlands causing death and distress to mangroves, the salt marsh, and intertidal ecological communities of Barker Inlet.

Environmental disaster
An environmental disaster or ecological disaster is defined as a catastrophic event regarding the natural environment that is due to human activity. This point distinguishes environmental disasters from other disturbances such as natural disasters and intentional acts of war such as nuclear bombings.

Environmental disasters show how the impact of humans' alteration of the land has led to widespread and/or long-lasting consequences. These disasters have included deaths of wildlife, humans and plants, or severe disruption of human life or health, possibly requiring migration. Some environmental disasters are the trigger source of more expansive environmental conflicts, where effected groups try to socially confront the actors responsible for the disaster.
St. Johns Bridge
The St. Johns Bridge is a steel suspension bridge that spans the Willamette River in Portland, Oregon, United States, between the Cathedral Park neighborhood in North Portland and the Linnton neighborhood in Northwest Portland. The bridge is named for the community at its east end, St. Johns, which was originally an independent city before being annexed by Portland. The bridge carries the U.S. Route 30 Bypass. It is the only suspension bridge in the Willamette Valley and one of three public highway suspension bridges in Oregon.

The bridge has a 1,207-foot (368 m) center span and a total length of 2,067 feet (630 m). It is the tallest bridge in Portland, with two 400-foot-tall (120 m) towers and a 205-foot (62 m) navigational clearance. The adjacent park and neighborhood of Cathedral Park are named after the Gothic arch design of the bridge's towers and supports.

Pointed arch
A pointed arch, ogival arch, or Gothic arch is an arch with a pointed crown, whose two curving sides meet at a relatively sharp angle at the top of the arch. Also known as a two-centred arch, its form is derived from the intersection of two circles. This architectural element was particularly important in Gothic architecture. The earliest use of a pointed arch dates back to bronze-age Nippur. As a structural feature, it was first used in eastern Christian architecture, Byzantine architecture and Sasanian architecture, but in the 12th century it came into use in France and England as an important structural element, in combination with other elements, such as the rib vault and later the flying buttress. These allowed the construction of cathedrals, palaces and other buildings with dramatically greater height and larger windows which filled them with light.
Ferrymead Two Foot Railway
The Ferrymead Two Foot Railway Society Inc. was a society based in Ferrymead Heritage Park, Heathcote, Christchurch, New Zealand. The society operated a 450 m (1,480 ft) of 2 ft (610 mm) narrow gauge railway until a dwindling volunteer force finally resulted in closure and dissolving of the Society in March 2021. Most of the rolling stock the society operated was from the Lake Grassmere Saltworks former salt collection railway. Blenheim Riverside Railway obtained much of the rolling stock collection.

Ferrymead Heritage Park
Ferrymead Heritage Park is an outdoor museum in Christchurch, New Zealand.

First known as the Museum of Science and Technology and later Ferrymead Historic Park, it was founded in 1964 by a collection of local heritage enthusiast groups who had a common need for space to store and display their assets. It is in the Heathcote Valley, at the site of New Zealand's first public railway. The museum is open to the public and operated mostly by volunteers.
Chestnut Street, Kent
Chestnut Street is a settlement to the west of Sittingbourne in the Borough of Swale, Kent, England.

It is located on the former A249 road alignment, between the junction with the A2 road near Key Street and Danaway. The A249, a dual carriageway since the 1990s, avoids Chestnut Street. Its postal address is Chestnut Street, Borden, Kent; that village is a mile (1.6 km) to the east.

There are a number of Grade II listed buildings in the hamlet, including Hooks Hole, Old Houses, Dumbles, Tudor Rose Cottage, Oldstede, and Chestnut Street Farmhouse.

Sittingbourne
Sittingbourne is an industrial town in the Swale district of Kent, southeast England, 17 miles (27 km) from Canterbury and 45 miles (72 km) from London, beside the Roman Watling Street, an ancient trackway used by the Romans and the Anglo-Saxons. In 2021 it had a population of 54,392.

The town stands next to the Swale, a strip of sea separating mainland Kent from the Isle of Sheppey. The town became prominent after the death of Thomas Becket in 1170, since it provided a convenient resting point on the road from London to Canterbury and Dover.

Chatham Main Line links to London Victoria station and HS1 to St Pancras International, the journey taking about an hour from Sittingbourne railway station.
Diogo Vaz, São Tomé and Príncipe
Diogo Vaz is a settlement in the Lembá District on the western coast of São Tomé Island in São Tomé and Príncipe. Its population is 632 (2012 census). It lies 7 km southwest of Neves and 6 km northeast of Santa Catarina. It was established as a plantation complex, Roça de Diogo Vaz.

Lembá District
Lembá is a district of São Tomé and Príncipe, on São Tomé Island. Its area is 229.5 km2 (89 sq mi), and its population is 14,652 (2012). The district seat is Neves. It is divided into the two statistical subdistricts Neves and Santa Catarina.: 15
Runar Schildt
Ernst Runar Schildt (October 26, 1888, – September 29, 1925) was a Swedish-speaking Finnish author from Helsinki. His son was art historian and author Göran Schildt. Although Schildt wrote his books in Swedish, they have also been translated into Finnish, English, French and German.

Born in Helsinki, Runar Schildt debuted as a writer in 1912 with his first book, a collection of short stories called Den segrande Eros (The Victorious Eros). All in all, he wrote 33 short stories, of which 25 were published as books. His short stories have also been adapted for films, including Aapo, Galgmannen, The Stolen Death, and The Kiss of a Sparrow (directed by Claes Olsson). Schildt committed suicide in Helsinki in 1925, at the age of 36.

Skrifter utgivna av Svenska litteratursällskapet i Finland
Skrifter utgivna av Svenska litteratursällskapet i Finland (lit. 'Writing published by the Society of Swedish Literature in Finland'; SSLS) is a book series in Swedish, published in Finland since 1886 by the Society of Swedish Literature in Finland (SLS). The main series reached number 734 in the year 2010. The series has several sub-series with own themes and numbering. Several of the publications have been digitised and made freely available by the National Library of Finland.

According to SLS's publishing policy, the works are reviewed according to the international scientific community's qualitative and ethical critiera. Alongside the main series, SLS also publishes the series SLS Varia since 2018, which is reviewed according to SLS's own internal criteria.
The Fox and the Cat
The Fox and the Cat (Italian: il Gatto e la Volpe, lit. 'the Cat and the Fox') are a pair of fictional characters and antagonists of Italian writer Carlo Collodi's 1883 book Le avventure di Pinocchio (The Adventures of Pinocchio). They are depicted as poor con artists who hoodwink Pinocchio and attempt to murder him. They pretend to be disabled: the Fox lame and the Cat blind. The Fox appears to be more intelligent than the Cat, who usually limits himself to repeating the Fox's words.

Carlo Collodi
Carlo Lorenzini (Italian: [ˈkarlo lorenˈtsiːni]; 24 November 1826 – 26 October 1890), better known by the pen name Carlo Collodi (/kəˈloʊdi/ kə-LOH-dee; Italian: [ˈkarlo kolˈlɔːdi]), was an Italian author, humourist, and journalist, widely known for his fairy tale novel The Adventures of Pinocchio.
Samsaram Oka Chadarangam
Samsaram Oka Chadarangam  (transl. Family, a chess game) is a 1987 Indian Telugu-language drama film produced by M. Saravanan and M. Balasubramanian of AVM Productions and directed by S. P. Muthuraman. The film stars Sarath Babu, Suhasini, Shavukaru Janaki, Gollapudi Maruthi Rao and Rajendra Prasad, with music composed by Chakravarthy. It is a remake of the studio's own Tamil film Samsaram Adhu Minsaram (1986). The film won three Nandi Awards.

Sarath Babu
Sathyam Babu Dixithulu (31 July 1951 – 22 May 2023), known by his stage name Sarath Babu, was an Indian actor who worked predominantly in Tamil and Telugu cinema. He appeared in more than 300 films, including in Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, and a few Malayalam and Hindi films. He has received eight state Nandi Awards.

Babu was noted for his height, handsome looks, and charming smile throughout his acting career, which spanned for around five decades. He was known for his compelling screen presence, especially known for his camaraderie with Rajinikanth in the films where the duo acted together. He had also shared screen space with Kamal Haasan in many films.
Kansas City crime family
The Kansas City crime family, also known as the Civella crime family or the Kansas City Mafia or the Clique, is an Italian American Mafia crime family based in Kansas City, Missouri, and throughout the Greater Kansas City area. The organization formed during the early 1910s. It is named after Nicholas Civella, the family’s longest serving boss from 1953 until his death in 1983.

Crime family
A crime family is a unit of an organized crime syndicate, particularly in the Sicilian Mafia and Italian-American Mafia, often operating within a specific geographic territory or a specific set of activities. In its strictest sense, a family (or clan) is a criminal gang, operating either on a unitary basis or as an organized collection of smaller gangs (e.g., cells, factions, crews, etc.).  In turn, a family can be a sole "enterprise" or part of a larger syndicate or cartel. Despite the name, most crime families are generally not based on or formed around actual familial connections, although they do tend to be ethnically based, and many members may in fact be related to one another. Crime "families" tend to be associated more directly with their respective territories than the individuals to whom their members may or may not be related.
George Scrimshaw (rugby union)
George Scrimshaw (1 December 1902 – 13 July 1971) was a New Zealand rugby union player. A wing-forward, Scrimshaw represented Canterbury at a provincial level. He was a member of the New Zealand national side, the All Blacks, on their 1928 tour of South Africa, playing in 11 matches, including one international.

Canterbury (National Provincial Championship)
Canterbury are a New Zealand professional rugby union team based in Canterbury, New Zealand. The union was originally established in 1879, with the National Provincial Championship established in 1976. They now play in the reformed National Provincial Championship competition. They play their home games at Apollo Projects Stadium in Christchurch in the Canterbury region. The team is affiliated with the Crusaders Super Rugby franchise. Their home playing colours are black and red.
Maine State Route 219
State Route 219 (abbreviated SR 219) is part of Maine's system of numbered state highways, located in the western central part of the state. It runs for 35.1 miles (56.5 km) from the town center of Greenwood to an intersection with State Route 133 in Wayne.

SR 219 runs through parts of Oxford, Androscoggin and Kennebec counties.

Oxford County, Maine
Oxford County is a county in the state of Maine, United States. As of the 2020 Census, the county had a population of 57,777. Its county seat is the town of Paris. The county was formed on March 4, 1805, by the Massachusetts General Court in the Maine District from northerly portions of York and Cumberland counties. It borders the Canadian province of Quebec.
El Salto Dam
El Salto Dam (Spanish: Presa El Salto), located on the Guadalquivir River in the municipal district of El Carpio (Province of Córdoba, Spain), comprises a dam and its corresponding hydroelectric power station.

Built for storage of water for electricity generation and irrigation, the dam is situated near the 3.3 km mark on the Pedro Abad-Adamuz highway (CO-412). Its Neo-Mudéjar design is the result of a collaboration between architect Casto Fernández Shaw and engineers Carlos Mendoza and Antonio del Águila. The Madrid-based engineering consulting firm Mengemor undertook construction of the dam between 1918 and 1922.

Since its inception, the dam has proved valuable to the local population for its contribution to the development and economic expansion of the area.

Province of Córdoba (Spain)
Córdoba (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkoɾðoβa]; also called Cordova in English) is one of the 50 provinces of Spain, in the north-central part of the autonomous community of Andalusia. It is bordered by the  Andalusian provinces of Málaga, Seville, Jaén, and Granada, the Extremaduran province of Badajoz and the province of Ciudad Real, which is part of the autonomous community of Castile-La Mancha. Its area is 13,769 km2.