hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Taizuquan
Tàizǔquán (太祖拳, eng. Boxing of Tàizǔ or Great-Ancestor Fist) is a style of Chinese martial arts whose name refers to Emperor Tàizǔ of Sòng, the founder of the Sòng dynasty.

There are two distinct variations of Tàizǔquán, the Northern Style: Tàizǔ Zhǎngquán (Eng. Taizu Changquan), and the Southern Style: Nán Tàizǔquán. Tàizǔ Zhǎngquán styles are taught in Guǎngdōng. Nán Tàizǔquán is taught in Táiwān. Both styles are found in Fújiàn.

Qi Jiguang
Qi Jiguang (Chinese: 戚繼光; pinyin: Qī Jìguāng; Wade–Giles: Ch'i1 Chi4-Kuang1, November 12, 1528 – January 17, 1588), courtesy name Yuanjing, art names Nantang and Mengzhu, posthumous name Wuyi, was a Chinese military general and writer of the Ming dynasty. He is best known for leading the defense on the coastal regions against wokou pirate activities in the 16th century, as well as for the reinforcement of the Great Wall of China. Qi is also known for writing the military manuals Jixiao Xinshu and Lianbing Shiji or Record of Military Training (練兵實紀), which he based on his experience as a martial educator and defensive planner in the Ming military forces. He is regarded as a hero in Chinese culture.
Exact diagonalization
Exact diagonalization (ED) is a numerical technique used in physics to determine the eigenstates and energy eigenvalues of a quantum Hamiltonian. In this technique, a Hamiltonian for a discrete, finite system is expressed in matrix form and diagonalized using a computer. Exact diagonalization is only feasible for systems with few degrees of freedom, due to the exponential growth of the Hilbert space dimension with the size of the quantum system. It is frequently employed to study lattice models, including the Hubbard model, Ising model, Heisenberg model, t-J model, and SYK model.

Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)
In quantum mechanics, the Hamiltonian of a system is an operator corresponding to the total energy of that system, including both kinetic energy and potential energy. Its spectrum, the system's energy spectrum or its set of energy eigenvalues, is the set of possible outcomes obtainable from a measurement of the system's total energy. Due to its close relation to the energy spectrum and time-evolution of a system, it is of fundamental importance in most formulations of quantum theory.

The Hamiltonian is named after William Rowan Hamilton, who developed a revolutionary reformulation of Newtonian mechanics, known as Hamiltonian mechanics, which was historically important to the development of quantum physics. Similar to vector notation, it is typically denoted by , where the hat indicates that it is an operator. It can also be written as  or .
Qantir
Qantir (Arabic: قنتير, romanized: Qantīr) is a village in Egypt. Qantir is believed to mark what was probably the ancient site of the 19th Dynasty Pharaoh Ramesses II's capital, Pi-Ramesses or Per-Ramesses ("House or Domain of Ramesses"). It is situated around 9 kilometers (5.6 mi) north of Faqous in the Sharqiyah province of the eastern Nile Delta, about 60 mi (97 km) north-east of Cairo.

The Arabic name of the village contains  Coptic: ⲉⲛⲧⲏⲣ, lit. 'gods'.

The ancient site of Avaris is located around 2 kilometers (1.2 mi) south of Qantir. This was the older city in this area. Later on, Avaris was absorbed by Pi-Ramesses.

Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt
The Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt (notated Dynasty XIX), also known as the Ramessid  dynasty, is classified as the second Dynasty of the Ancient Egyptian New Kingdom period, lasting from 1292 BC to 1189 BC. The 19th Dynasty and the 20th Dynasty furthermore together constitute an era known as the Ramesside period. This Dynasty was founded by Vizier Ramesses I, whom Pharaoh Horemheb chose as his successor to the throne.
Cardiac physiology
Cardiac physiology or heart function is the study of healthy, unimpaired function of the heart: involving blood flow; myocardium structure; the electrical conduction system of the heart; the cardiac cycle and cardiac output and how these interact and depend on one another.

Cardiac cycle
The cardiac cycle is the performance of the human heart from the beginning of one heartbeat to the beginning of the next. It consists of two periods: one during which the heart muscle relaxes and refills with blood, called diastole, following a period of robust contraction and pumping of blood, called systole. After emptying, the heart relaxes and expands to receive another influx of blood returning from the lungs and other systems of the body, before again contracting.

Assuming a healthy heart and a typical rate of 70 to 75 beats per minute, each cardiac cycle, or heartbeat, takes about 0.8 second to complete the cycle. Duration of the cardiac cycle is inversely proportional to the heart rate.
Qajar coffee
Qajar coffee (Persian: قهوه قجری, romanized: Qahve-ye Qajari) was a type of poisoned coffee used in the court of Qajar Iran to kill the enemies of the government.

This method of removing opponents became popular especially after the reign of Naser al-Din Shah Qajar. Notably, his son Mass'oud Mirza Zell-e Soltan was notorious in using cyanide, arsenic acid or strychnine poisoned coffee to remove those who opposed him.

Arsenic acid
Arsenic acid or arsoric acid is the chemical compound with the formula H3AsO4, more descriptively written as AsO(OH)3. This colorless acid is the arsenic analogue of phosphoric acid. Arsenate and phosphate salts behave very similarly. Arsenic acid as such has not been isolated, but is only found in solution, where it is largely ionized. Its hemihydrate form (2H3AsO4·H2O) does form stable crystals. Crystalline samples dehydrate with condensation at 100 °C.
Ponneri railway station
Ponneri railway station is one of the railway stations of the Chennai Central–Gummidipoondi section of the Chennai Suburban Railway Network. It serves the neighbourhood of Ponneri, a suburb of Chennai, and is located 34 km north of Chennai Central railway station. It has an elevation of 15 m above sea level.

Gummidipoondi
Gummidipoondi is an industrial town in Chennai Metropolitan Region of Thiruvallur district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Notably, it is the northernmost assembly constituency and settlement in the state of Tamil Nadu.
Gene Wiki
The Gene Wiki is a project within Wikipedia that aims to describe the relationships and functions of all human genes. It was established to transfer information from scientific resources to Wikipedia stub articles.

The Gene Wiki project also initiated publication of gene-specific review articles in the journal Gene, together with the editing of the gene-specific pages in Wikipedia.

The Gene Wiki project in collaboration with the journal Gene was terminated in May 2022, ten years after the project's initiation. A report by the project's leaders summarizes the project's achievements.

Gene (journal)
Gene is a peer-reviewed scientific journal in genetics and molecular biology, focusing on the cloning, structure, function, as well as the biomedical and biotechnological importance of genes. The scope of the journal includes all biological organisms including viruses, prokaryotes, and eukaryotes. It is organized into topics, which include Human Genetics, Cancer Genetics, Neurogenetics, Animal Genetics, Genome Editing, Molecular Ecology, Plant Genetics, Parasitology and Virology, as well as Microbiology.

The journal is part of the Gene Family of journals and was established in 1976. It is published by Elsevier and the editor-in-chief is Marianna Kruithof-de Julio (University of Bern) The Gene Family of journals comprises the journals Gene, Gene Reports, Human Gene, and Plant Gene. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2022 impact factor of 3.5.
JCB (heavy equipment manufacturer)
J.C. Bamford Excavators Limited, commonly known as JCB, is a British multinational manufacturer of equipment for construction, agriculture, waste handling, and demolition. It was founded in 1945 and is based in Rocester, Staffordshire, England.

The word "JCB" is also often used colloquially as a generic description for mechanical diggers and excavators, and the word appears in the Oxford English Dictionary, although it is still held as a trademark.

Excavator
Excavators are heavy construction equipment primarily consisting of a boom, dipper (or stick), bucket, and cab on a rotating platform known as the "house".

The modern excavator's house sits atop an undercarriage with tracks or wheels, being an evolution of the steam shovel (which itself evolved into the power shovel when steam was replaced by diesel and electric power). All excavation-related movement and functions of a hydraulic excavator are accomplished through the use of hydraulic fluid, with hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic motors, which replaced winches, chains, and steel ropes (utilized by dragline excavators).  Another principle change was the direction of the digging action, with modern excavators pulling their buckets toward them like a dragline rather than pushing them away to fill them the way the first powered shovels did.
Van Stockumberg
Van Stockumberg is a mountain in Suriname at 355 metres (1,165 ft). It is part of the Emma Range and is located in the Sipaliwini District. It is named after the Dutch explorer A. J. van Stockum. It is next to the Voltzberg, however the Van Stockumberg is much more difficult to climb.

Emma Range
The Emma Range (Dutch: Emmaketen) is a mountain range in the Sipaliwini District of Suriname. It is named after Emma of the Netherlands. Mountains on this range include the Hendriktop and Kleine Hendriktop. The range is located between the drainage basin of the Saramacca and the Coppename River. The range is about 30 km long, and has no significant human population.

The range is covered with a high dry land forest and mist forests at high altitudes. The vegetation is rich in ferns.
Eshqua Bog Natural Area
The Eshqua Bog Natural Area is a protected area in Hartland, Vermont. It is 41 acres containing a wet bog. It is near Woodstock, about 11 miles west of White River Junction. There is a boardwalk allowing access to the wetland and views of rare plants. The flora of the area includes many post-glacial cold-climate plants native to bog and fen habitat, including Labrador tea, cotton grass, pitcher plants, showy lady's slippers, larches, and buckbean.

Cypripedium reginae
Cypripedium reginae, known as the showy lady's slipper, pink lady's-slipper, or the queen's lady's-slipper, is a rare lady's-slipper orchid native to northern North America. Although never common, this plant has vanished from much of its historical range due to habitat loss. It is the state flower of Minnesota.
Hullabalu
Hullabalu, Inc. is a New York City-based startup in the children's media space. The company was founded by Suzanne Xie in early 2012, focused on building the next generation of interactive storytelling apps on mobile devices. The company released its first story book to the Apple iTunes store, titled "Pan: The Fearless Beribolt" for iPad on June 6, 2013. The company released its next installment introducing a new character in the summer of 2013. In 2017 the company launched the platform Lightwell, an app-creation engine.

Storytelling
Storytelling is the social and cultural activity of sharing stories, sometimes with improvisation, theatrics or embellishment. Every culture has its own narratives, which are shared as a means of entertainment, education, cultural preservation or instilling moral values (sometimes through morals). Crucial elements of stories and storytelling include plot, characters and narrative point of view. The term "storytelling" can refer specifically to oral storytelling but also broadly to techniques used in other media to unfold or disclose the narrative of a story.
B-Project
B-PROJECT is a Japanese cross-media project by MAGES. about a group of virtual idols that began in 2015. The project was first announced via Twitter on August 9, 2015, with the first production presentation and song previews being released on September 4, 2015, via nico live. As of January 2018 the project features an anime series, a manga adaptation, a rhythm game, a stage play, multiple music CDs, and a range of related merchandise.

Jin Hiramaki
Jin Hiramaki (平牧 仁, Hiramaki Jin; born February 26, 1987, in Tokyo) is a Japanese actor, singer, and model who was last affiliated with Oscar Promotion.  He played the role of Tokatti (ToQ 2gou) in the 2014 38th entry Super Sentai TV series Ressha Sentai ToQger.

In 2007, with Hidemasa Shiozawa and Koki Kato, they joined to the twin vocal unit Sprout. He was in charge as the keyboard vocal in the group. In August of the same year, the group disbanded.
Sangi Reddy Sanjeeva Reddy
Sapper (Lance Naik) Sangi Reddy Sanjeeva Reddy (also known as Sanjeeva Reddy or Sangi Reddy), SM was a Non Commissioned Officer (NCO) in the Engineer Regiment of the Indian Army who posthumously received the Sena Medal, a prestigious gallantry award.

Sapper
A sapper, also called a combat engineer, is a combatant or soldier who performs a variety of military engineering duties, such as breaching fortifications, demolitions, bridge-building, laying or clearing minefields, preparing field defenses, and road and airfield construction and repair.

Sappers are also trained and equipped to serve secondarily as provisional infantry.

Sappers facilitate and support the movement, defence, and survival of superordinate and allied forces, and impede those of enemies.

The term "sapper" is used in the British Army and Commonwealth nations, the U.S. military, and the militaries of other countries.
Haughton Halt railway station
Haughton Halt was a minor station located north of Shrewsbury on the GWR's Paddington to Birkenhead main line. It was opened in the nineteen thirties as part of the GWR's halt construction programme, aimed at combatting growing competition from bus services and would primarily have served the adjacent (and now disused) Haughton Airfield. Today the route is part of the Shrewsbury to Chester line. Nothing now remains on the site.

Paddington
Paddington is an area in the City of Westminster, in central London, England. A medieval parish then a metropolitan borough of the County of London, it was integrated with Westminster and Greater London in 1965. Paddington station, designed by the engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel opened in 1847. It is also the site of St Mary's Hospital and the former Paddington Green Police Station.

Paddington Waterside aims to regenerate former railway and canal land.  Districts within Paddington are Maida Vale, Westbourne and Bayswater including Lancaster Gate.
Draycott, Derbyshire
Draycott is a village in the Erewash district of Derbyshire, England. It lies around 6 miles east of Derby and 3 miles south-west of Long Eaton. Draycott is part of the civil parish of Draycott and Church Wilne. The population of this civil parish was 3,090 as taken at the 2011 Census. The meandering course of the River Derwent forms the southwestern boundary of the parish.

The route of the former Derby Canal can still be traced across the parish. Trains on the Midland Main Line pass through the village but Draycott railway station is now closed. Elvaston Castle is nearby.

Elvaston Castle
Elvaston Castle is a stately home in Elvaston, Derbyshire, England. The Gothic Revival castle and surrounding parkland is run and owned by Derbyshire County Council as a country park known as Elvaston Castle Country Park. The country park has 200 acres (0.81 km2) of woodlands, parkland and formal gardens.

The centrepiece of the estate is the Grade II* Listed Elvaston Castle. The castle has been neglected and is in need of restoration. Due to its condition, the building is not open to the public, and since 2008 has been listed on the Buildings at Risk Register.
Derbyshire County Council estimates the castle and estate requires significant investment for both restoration and to support its longer-term maintenance. In 2017 The Elvaston Castle and Gardens Trust was created to manage the estate once these works, which are already underway, are completed.
Microvirga pakistanensis
Microvirga pakistanensis  is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, strictly aerobic and non-motile bacterium from the genus Microvirga which has been isolated from desert soil from Cholistan desert in Pakistan.

Cholistan Desert
The Cholistan Desert (IPA: [tʃoːlɪst̪aːn]; Urdu: صحرائے چولستان), also locally known as Rohi (روہی), is a desert in the Bahawalpur Division of Punjab, Pakistan that forms part of the Greater Thar Desert, which extends to Sindh province and the Indian state of Rajasthan. It is one of two large deserts in Punjab, the other being the Thal Desert. The name is derived from the Turkic word chol, meaning "sands," and istan, a Persian suffix meaning "land of."

Cholistan was a center for caravan trade, leading to the construction of numerous forts in the medieval period to protect trade routes—of which the Derawar Fort is the best-preserved example.
Lester Spence
Lester K. Spence (born June 5, 1969), Professor of Political Science and Africana studies at Johns Hopkins University is known for his academic critiques of neoliberalism and his media commentary and research on race, urban politics, and police violence.  Previously, he was an Assistant Professor of Political Science at Washington University in St. Louis. Spence's writings on race and politics appear regularly in publications such as Jacobin, The Chronicle of Higher Education, Dissent NPR, New York Times, Baltimore City Paper, among others.  Spence also appeared regularly on C-SPAN, The Marc Steiner Show, among others.

Raised in Inkster, Spence holds both a BA and a PhD in Political Science from the University of Michigan. He has lived in Baltimore since 2004 and is a father of five. He is a member of Omega Psi Phi having pledged at the University of Michigan's Phi chapter.

Omega Psi Phi
Omega Psi Phi Fraternity, Inc. (ΩΨΦ) is an international historically African-American social fraternity. It was founded on November 17, 1911 at Howard University in Washington, D.C. Omega Psi Phi is a founding member of the National Pan-Hellenic Council. The fraternity has chartered over 750 undergraduate and graduate chapters. Over 250,000 men have been initiated into Omega Psi Phi.
Seven Slaves Against the World
Seven Slaves Against the World (Italian: Gli schiavi più forti del mondo; also known as Seven Slaves Against Rome) is a 1964 Italian sword-and-sandal adventure film, directed by Michele Lupo, produced by Elio Scardamaglia, written by Lupo and Roberto Gianviti and starring Roger Browne, Gordon Mitchell and Arnaldo Fabrizio. First released in Italy in 1964, it premiered in New York City, United States on August 18, 1965.

Michele Lupo
Michele Lupo (4 December 1932 – 27 June 1989) was an Italian film director. He directed 23 films between 1962 and 1982. He was born in Corleone, Italy, and died on 27 June 1989 in a clinic in Rome, Italy at the age of 56.
Blanding Municipal Airport
Blanding Municipal Airport (IATA: BDG, ICAO: KBDG, FAA LID: BDG) is a city-owned public-use airport located three nautical miles (6 km) south of the central business district of Blanding, a city in San Juan County, Utah, United States.

San Juan County, Utah
San Juan County (/sæn ˈwɑːn/ san-WAHN) is a county in the southeastern portion of the U.S. state of Utah. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 14,518. Its county seat is Monticello, while its most populous city is Blanding. The Utah State Legislature named the county for the San Juan River, itself named by Spanish explorers (in honor of Saint John). San Juan County borders Arizona, Colorado, and New Mexico at the Four Corners.
Adelaide Hills bushfires
The Adelaide Hills bushfires of 1939 were a series of bushfires in the Adelaide Hills, South Australia, that burned from 10 to 14 January. There had been ample rain during the winter of 1938 resulting in heavy understorey, but drought set in toward the end of the year. A heatwave in early January 1939 ensured the fuel load was very dry and particularly susceptible to fire. The fires were finally extinguished when thunderstorms arrived during Saturday evening of 14 January.

Damage was assessed at £650,000, including the destruction of ninety houses. There were no deaths, but the fire highlighted the inadequacy of South Australia's fire-fighting capability. Six thousand city volunteers had helped to combat the fires, using mainly branches and wet bags. As a result, the Emergency Fire Service was set up, the precursor to the modern Country Fire Service.

Emergency Fire Service
The Emergency Fire Service (EFS) was the fire and emergency service that operated in rural areas of South Australia in the 20th century. In 1979, with the passing of the Country Fires Act in the South Australian Parliament, the EFS was renamed the SA Country Fire Service.
1983–1995 Yukong Elephants seasons
An original member of the K-League founded on 17 December 1983, the team was then called the Yukong Elephants.  Yukong was owned and financially supported by the Sunkyoung Group's subsidiary, Yukong (currently SK Group's "SK Energy"), along with Seoul, Incheon, Gyeonggi as its franchise.  The Kokkiri ("elephant) was its mascot.  The club won the league championship on only one occasion (in 1989).

Gyeonggi Province
Gyeonggi Province (Korean: 경기도; RR: Gyeonggi-do, Korean pronunciation: [kjʌ̹ŋ.ɡi.do̞]) is the most populous province in South Korea.

Seoul, the nation's largest city and capital, is in the heart of the area but has been separately administered as a provincial-level special city since 1946. Incheon, the nation's third-largest city, is on the coast of the province and has been similarly administered as a provincial-level metropolitan city since 1981. The three jurisdictions are collectively referred to as Sudogwon and cover 11,730 km2 (4,530 sq mi), with a combined population of over 26 million - amounting to over half (50.25%) of the entire population of South Korea, and a third of the population of the Korean peninsula at the 2020 census.
Stepan Kechekjan
Stepan Fyodorovich Kechekjan (Russian: Степан Фёдорович Кечекьян; 25 March 1890, Nakhichevan-on-Don – 24 June 1967, Moscow) was a Russian-Armenian lawyer, historian and a specialist in the field of history and theory of state and law and history of political and legal doctrines. Professor, Doctor of Law Sciences. Honoured Scientist of the RSFSR.

Doctor of Sciences
A Doctor of Sciences is a higher doctoral degree that was awarded in the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union and many Commonwealth of Independent States countries. It is currently awarded in some post-soviet nations, particularly Russia and Belarus. One of the prerequisites for receiving a Doctor of Sciences degree is obtaining a PhD-equivalent Candidate of Sciences degree. In addition, the Doctor of Sciences conferral also requires applicants to demonstrate significant and outstanding contributions to their research field. This degree is generally regarded as recognition for a lifetime of academic achievements rather than an ordinary academic degree achieved through courses and theses.
Oy-Tal, Osh
Oy-Tal (Kyrgyz: Ой-Тал) is a village in Osh Region of Kyrgyzstan. It is part of the Kara-Kulja District. Its population was 2,076 in 2021. It is located to the east of the Alai Mountains and towards the west of the Tian Shan mountain range.

Nearby villages include Köndük (5 km), Terek (11 km) and Kara-Tash.

Osh Region
Osh is a region of Kyrgyzstan. Its capital is Osh, which is not part of the region. It is bounded (clockwise) by Jalal-Abad Region, Naryn Region, China (Xinjiang), Tajikistan (Districts under Central Government Jurisdiction and Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region), Batken Region, and Uzbekistan (Andijan and Fergana Regions). Its total area is 28,934 km2 (11,171 sq mi). The resident population of the region was 1,391,649 as of January 2021. According to the 2009 census, 28% of the total population are ethnic Uzbeks.