hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Spence Caldwell
Spencer Wood Caldwell (1909 – December 10, 1983) was a Canadian broadcasting pioneer and the founder of CTV.

Amongst his notable achievements are as manager of the Dominion Network, S.W. Caldwell Ltd. (a TV and radio programme and equipment distributor), an advertising agency created to air Canadian advertisements into the broadcasting of CBS TV show Westinghouse Playhouse. Caldwell was one of the first to apply for a television station licence to the Board of Broadcast Governors, but was turned down. After being turned down for a television station, Caldwell applied for a licence to create Canada's first private television network. With the licence approved, Caldwell created CTV, Canada's first commercial TV network. Caldwell was the first President of CTV and was inducted into the Canadian Association of Broadcasters Hall of Fame.

Caldwell was killed in a road accident with a transport truck near his home in Caledon, Ontario.

Caledon, Ontario
Caledon (/ˈkælədən/; 2021 population 76,581) is a town in the Regional Municipality of Peel in the Greater Toronto Area of Ontario, Canada. The name comes from a shortened form of Caledonia, the Roman name for what is now Scotland. Caledon is primarily rural with a number of hamlets and small villages, but also contains the larger community of Bolton (population 26,795) in its southeastern quadrant, adjacent to York Region. Some spillover urbanization also occurs in the south bordering the City of Brampton.

Caledon is the northernmost of three municipalities of Peel Region. The town is northwest of Brampton. According to Statistics Canada the land area is 688 km2 (266 sq mi) and, according to the city the area is 696.04 km2 (268.74 sq mi), which makes Caledon the largest municipality by area in the Greater Toronto Area.
BKT
BKT or bkt can refer to:

Bak kut teh, a Malaysian and Singaporean dish of pork ribs in broth

Balkrishna Industries, an Indian tire manufacturer

Banka Kombëtare Tregtare, a commercial bank in Albania

Bayesian knowledge tracing, an algorithm used in intelligent tutoring systems

Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless transition, a phase transition for two-dimensional systems in condensed matter physics

Blackstone Army Airfield, a military airfield in Blackstone, Virginia, U.S., by IATA code

Blake Street railway station, a train station in Birmingham, West Midlands, England, U.K.

Loki dialect, a language spoken in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, by ISO 639 code

BKT EuroCup, second-tier professional European basketball club tournament

Blake Street railway station
Blake Street railway station serves the Hill Hook area of Sutton Coldfield, Birmingham, England. It is sited on the Cross-City Line between Bromsgrove/Redditch and Lichfield Trent Valley, via Birmingham New Street. The station located on the county boundary between the West Midlands and Staffordshire. It is managed by West Midlands Trains, who operate all trains serving the station.
Apostolos Athanassakis
Apostolos Athanassakis (Greek: Απόστολος Αθανασάκης; born 1938 in the village of Astrochori, near Arta, Epirus region, Greece) is a Greek classical scholar, and the former Argyropoulos Chair in Hellenic Studies at the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB). Professor Athanassakis, or "Professor A" as he is often referred to by students, served as the faculty in residence in Manzanita Village. Athanassakis taught at UCSB for nearly 30 years in the Classics Department. From 1984 to 1986 he served as head of the Humanities Division at the University of Crete, in Greece.

Hellenic studies
Hellenic studies (also Greek studies) is an interdisciplinary scholarly field that focuses on the language, literature, history and politics of post-classical Greece. In university, a wide range of courses expose students to viewpoints that help them understand the historical and political experiences of Byzantine, Ottoman and modern Greece; the ways in which Greece has borne its several pasts and translated them into the modern era; and the era's distinguished literary and artistic traditions.
Amy Loftus
Amy Loftus is an American singer-songwriter, now resident in Los Angeles.

She worked as an actress in Los Angeles in the late 1990s, appearing in Days of Our Lives, HBO's Tracey Takes On... and in the films Introducing Dorothy Dandridge and The 13th Floor. She later moved to Nashville as part of a musical duo, before going solo and beginning to tour on her own. Her first solo record Straight to Amy was produced by Will Kimbrough and released in 2005.

Loftus was named "Best New Singer/Songwriter" by Nashville Scene magazine in their October 27, 2005 "Best of Nashville" edition, and she placed third in the "Folk/Singer-Songwriter" category in the International Songwriting Competition in 2006 for the song "Work to Do" written with Will Kimbrough.

In 2011 she signed with Lakeshore Records, and in 2012 her song "Surrender" was written for the One For The Money soundtrack.  She continues to tour and perform in the Los Angeles area.

Bob Harris (radio presenter)
Robert Brinley Joseph Harris OBE (born 11 April 1946), popularly known as "Whispering Bob" Harris, is an English music presenter. He was a host of the BBC2 music programme The Old Grey Whistle Test from 1972 to 1979, and was a co-founder of the listings magazine Time Out, co-editing until the early part of 1969. He has presented The Country Show on BBC Radio 2 on Thursday nights since April 1999, and Sounds of the 70s on Sunday afternoons since November 2024, replacing Johnnie Walker.

Harris has been broadcasting on the BBC for 50 years and has been recognised with the Americana Music Association of America Trailblazer Award, a UK Heritage Award and a MOJO Medal, as well as his OBE for services to broadcasting.
Gaume (surname)
Gaume is a surname of French origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Dallas Gaume (born 1963), Canadian former ice hockey player

Jean-Joseph Gaume (1802–1879), French Roman Catholic theologian and author

Nicolas Gaume (born 1971), French entrepreneur

Nicolas Gaume
Nicolas Gaume (born 7 February 1971) is a French entrepreneur. He is best known for leading various companies in the video game industry and founding Kalisto Entertainment, where he was the head of the company between 1990 and 2002. Gaume is the son of one of the hoteliers of Arcachon, and is the great-grandson of Louis Gaume, a real estate developer known for developing the Pyla in 1920.
Lille tramway
The Lille tramway (French: Tramway de Lille) is a public transit system in the city of Lille in Hauts-de-France, France. The tramway is often called the Mongy, after Alfred Mongy, the engineer who created the interurban lines that make up the current system. It is operated by Ilévia, the public transport operator for the Lille Métropole. Ilévia also operates the Lille Metro, a two-line underground and elevated VAL system, and 68 urban bus routes, all of which share a common ticketing system.

The system consists of two interurban lines, connecting central Lille to the nearby communities of Roubaix and Tourcoing, and has 36 stations.  The lines were built at the same time as the boulevards linking Lille to its two neighbours, and the lines run on reserved track within the boulevards for most of their length.

Métropole Européenne de Lille
The Métropole Européenne de Lille (French pronunciation: [metʁɔpɔl øʁɔpeɛn də lil], MEL; English: "European Metropolis of Lille") is the métropole, an intercommunal structure, composed by a network of big cities (Lille, Roubaix, Tourcoing, Villeneuve d'Ascq, Armentières etc.) whose major city is the city of Lille. It is located in the Nord department, in the Hauts-de-France region, northern France – bordering both the Flemish and Walloon regions of Belgium. It was created in January 2015, replacing the previous Communauté urbaine de Lille, and covers that part of the Lille metropolitan area that lies in France. Its area is 671.9 km2. Its population was 1,179,050 in 2019, of which 234,475 in Lille proper. The annual budget of the métropole is €1,865 billion (2018).
Michael Okpala
Michael Okpala MON (August 8, 1939 – March 11, 2004), better known by the ring name Power Mike, was a Nigerian professional wrestler. According to the Wrestling Observer Newsletter, he was "Nigeria's biggest and most famous promoter".

Orders, decorations, and medals of Nigeria
Nigerian National Honours are a set of orders and decorations conferred upon Nigerians and friends of Nigeria every year. They were instituted by the National Honors Act No. 5 of 1964, during the First Nigerian Republic, to honour Nigerians who have rendered service to the benefit of the nation.

These honours are distinct from the honours that are part of the country's ancient chieftaincy system, which is a separate (but also legally defined) entity. National Honours are the highest honours or awards that a citizen can receive from their country for service to the country.
The Balsams Grand Resort Hotel
The Balsams Grand Resort Hotel is a grand hotel and ski resort located in Dixville Notch in New Hampshire, United States. It has been closed since 2011. The resort grounds cover 11,000 acres (45 km2) and feature 95 km (59 mi) of cross-country ski trails, an alpine ski area with 16 trails, five glade areas and a terrain park. There is also a nine-hole golf course and an 18-hole championship course called "Panorama" which was designed by Donald Ross. The site continues to be a polling place for the New Hampshire midnight voting on the day of state's primary and general elections.

Ski resort
A ski resort is a resort developed for skiing, snowboarding, and other winter sports. In Europe, most ski resorts are towns or villages in or adjacent to a ski area–a mountainous area with pistes (ski trails) and a ski lift system. In North America, it is more common for ski areas to exist well away from towns, so ski resorts usually are destination resorts, often purpose-built and self-contained, where skiing is the main activity.
F-Zero GX
F-Zero GX is a 2003 racing game developed by Amusement Vision, a division of Sega, and published by Nintendo for the GameCube. It was released in Japan on July 25, 2003, North America on August 25, Australia on October 24, and Europe on October 31. Sega also released an arcade version, F-Zero AX, which uses the Triforce arcade system board.

F-Zero GX retains the high-speed gameplay of the previous F-Zero games, with an emphasis on track memorization and reflexes. It introduces a "story mode", in which the player completes missions as Captain Falcon through nine chapters.

The project was the first significant game collaboration between Nintendo and Sega. It runs on an enhanced version of the game engine used in Super Monkey Ball (2001). GX received positive reviews for its visuals, intense action, sense of speed, and track design, though its difficulty was criticized. In 2025, it was rereleased on the Nintendo Classics service for the Nintendo Switch 2.

Memory card
A memory card is an electronic data storage device used for storing digital information, typically using flash memory. These are commonly used in digital portable electronic devices, such as digital cameras as well as in many early games consoles such as the Neo Geo. They allow adding memory to such devices using a card in a socket instead of protruding USB flash drives.

Common types of flash memory card include SD cards (including microSD), Sony's Memory Stick and CompactFlash. As of 2024, SD cards are the most common type of memory cards.
Tafluprost
Tafluprost (trade names Taflotan by Santen Pharmaceutical, Zioptan by Merck in the US and Saflutan by Mundipharma in Australia) is a prostaglandin analogue. It is used topically (as eye drops) to control the progression of open-angle glaucoma and in the management of ocular hypertension, alone or in combination with other medication. It reduces intraocular pressure by increasing the outflow of aqueous fluid from the eyes.

Ocular hypertension
Ocular hypertension is the presence of elevated fluid pressure inside the eye (intraocular pressure), usually with no optic nerve damage or visual field loss.

For most individuals, the normal range of intraocular pressure is between 10 mmHg and 21 mmHg. It is estimated that approximately 2-3% of people aged 52-89 years old have ocular hypertension of 25 mmHg and higher, and 3.5% of people 49 years and older have ocular hypertension of 21 mmHg and higher.

Elevated intraocular pressure is an important risk factor and symptom of glaucoma. Accordingly, most individuals with consistently elevated intraocular pressures of greater than 21mmHg, particularly if they have other risk factors, are treated in an effort to prevent vision loss from glaucoma.
Adolph Grant Wolf
Adolph Grant Wolf, half a century after his death, continues holding the record as the longest-serving Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico.  Appointed by President Theodore Roosevelt in 1904, he served for thirty-six years until his resignation on November 15, 1940.

Born in Washington, D.C., Wolf obtained a B.A. degree at Johns Hopkins University in 1890.  After a brief academic interlude in Berlin, Germany, he obtained his law degree as well as a Masters in Law degree from George Washington University.  Admitted to the DC Bar, the district's Court of Appeals, the Maryland Court of Appeals as well as the United States Supreme Court, in 1904 he accepts the President's appointment to the recently created Supreme Court of Puerto Rico.

Adolph Grant Wolf died on November 3, 1947, after winning the admiration of Puerto Rico's legal profession for his accomplishments on the bench.

Supreme Court of Puerto Rico
The Supreme Court of Puerto Rico (Spanish: Tribunal Supremo de Puerto Rico) is the highest court of Puerto Rico, having judicial authority to interpret and decide questions of Puerto Rican law. The Court is analogous to one of the state supreme courts of the states of the United States and is the highest state court and the court of last resort in Puerto Rico. Article V of the Constitution of Puerto Rico vests the judicial power in the Supreme Court, which by nature forms the judicial branch of the government of Puerto Rico. The seat of the Supreme Court is the Supreme Court Building in San Juan Islet in the capital municipality of San Juan.
Americans For Fair Taxation
Americans For Fair Taxation (AFFT), also known as FairTax.org, is a U.S. political advocacy group based in Clearwater, Florida that is dedicated to fundamental tax code replacement. It is made up of volunteers who are working to get the Fair Tax Act (H.R. 25/S. 122) enacted in the United States – a plan to replace all federal payroll and income taxes (both corporate and personal) with a national retail sales tax and monthly tax "prebate" to households of citizens and legal resident aliens.

The organization claims it is the largest, single-issue grassroots taxpayers union in the United States, with over 800,000 supporters. The organization states that it subscribes to the ideals of simplicity, fairness, and freedom which they believe are embodied in the FairTax.

Volunteering
Volunteering is an optional and freely chosen act of an individual or group giving their time and labor, often for community service. Many volunteers have specialized training in the fields that they work in, such as medicine, education, or emergency rescue. Others provide their services as needed, such as in response to a natural disaster.
Maurice Nadon
Maurice Jean Nadon (July 8, 1920 – December 21, 2009) was the 16th Commissioner of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, serving from January 1, 1974 to August 31, 1977.

Nadon was born in Mattawa, Ontario, joined the RCMP in 1939 and retired from the force in 1977.

He was the first and only French Canadian commissioner of the RCMP.

In 1991 the RCMP commissioned RCMP vessel Nadon, a patrol boat and named for the former Commissioner. In 2011, the new RCMP Headquarters (M. J. Nadon Government of Canada Building) in Ottawa was named in his honour.

Nadon died in 2009 in Pembroke, Ontario and was buried at Beechwood Cemetery in Ottawa. Predeceased by his wife Madeleine Desrosiers, Nadon was survived by son Robert and daughter Suzanne.

Beechwood Cemetery
Beechwood Cemetery is the national cemetery of Canada, located in the east end of Ottawa, Ontario. Over 82,000 people are buried in the cemetery, including Governor General Ramon Hnatyshyn, Prime Minister Robert Borden, and several members of Parliament, premiers, Canadian Armed Forces personnel and veterans, Royal Canadian Mounted Police personnel, Canadian Security Intelligence Service intelligence officers, and Hockey Hall of Famers, alongside other notable Canadians. In addition to being Canada's national cemetery, it contains the National Military Cemetery of the Canadian Armed Forces and the National Memorial Cemetery of the RCMP.
Bálint Török
Bálint Török de Enying (25 September 1502 in Szigetvár – 1551 in Istanbul) was a Hungarian aristocrat, Ban of Nándorfehérvár (Belgrade), and between 1527–1542 the Lord of Csesznek. He led a rebellion against the Ottoman Empire until he was captured by the Ottomans and taken to Istanbul where he remained in captivity for the rest of his life.

Ban (title)
Ban (/ˈbɑːn/) was the title of local rulers or officeholders, similar to viceroy, used in several states in Central and Southeastern Europe between the 7th and 20th centuries. The most common examples have been found in medieval Croatia and medieval regions ruled and influenced by the Kingdom of Hungary. They often ruled as the king's governmental representatives, supreme military commanders and judges, and in 18th century Croatia, even as chief government officials. In the Banate of Bosnia they were always de facto supreme rulers.
Həkəri FK
Həkəri FK (Azerbaijani: Həkəri Futbol Klubu), also known as FK Hakari, was an Azerbaijani football club based in Baku and home games played in Sumqayit, even though it represents the city of Qubadlı, which is controlled by Nagorno-Karabakh Republic (de facto independent, but recognized only by 3 non-UN member states) but de jure is a part of Azerbaijan.

Azerbaijan First League
The Azerbaijan First League (Azerbaijani: I Liqa) is the second highest professional division in Azerbaijani professional football. The league is run by AFFA. The winner of the league is promoted to the top-tier Azerbaijan Premier League.
Eddie Fisher (baseball)
Eddie Gene Fisher (July 16, 1936 – February 17, 2025) was an American professional baseball pitcher who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the San Francisco Giants, Chicago White Sox, Baltimore Orioles, Cleveland Indians, California Angels, and St. Louis Cardinals between 1959 and 1973. He was an  All-Star in 1965 and at the time of his retirement was the all-time American League leader in relief appearances. He was known for throwing a knuckleball.

Knuckleball
A knuckleball or knuckler is a baseball pitch thrown to minimize the spin of the ball in flight, causing an erratic, unpredictable motion. The air flow over a seam of the ball causes the ball to change from laminar to turbulent flow. This change adds a deflecting force to the baseball, making it difficult for batters to hit but also difficult for pitchers to control and catchers to catch. Umpires are challenged as well, as the ball's irregular motion through the air makes it harder to call balls and strikes. A pitcher who throws knuckleballs is known as a knuckleballer.
Sita Upanishad
The Sita Upanishad (Sanskrit: सीता  उपनिषत्) is a medieval era Sanskrit text and a minor Upanishad of Hinduism. It is attached to the Atharva Veda, and is one of the Vaishnava upanishads. It is categorized as a late Upanishad, in which goddess Sita is extolled as the Ultimate Reality of the Universe (Brahman), the ground of Being (Spirituality), and material cause behind all manifestation. The Upanishad identifies Sita with primordial Prakriti (nature) and her three powers, asserts the text, are manifested in daily life as will (iccha), action (kriyā) and knowledge (jnana).

This Upanishad is notable for asserting that the cosmos is Atman (soul), it resides in the heart, its awareness and self-realization emerges by Vichara (investigation into the Self) and Samadhi, the ultimate stage of meditation.

Jñāna
In Indian philosophy and religions, Jñāna (Sanskrit: ज्ञानम्, [ˈdʑɲaːnɐ]) is "knowledge".

The idea of jñāna centers on a cognitive event which is recognized when experienced. It is knowledge inseparable from the total experience of reality, especially the total or divine reality (Brahman). There are also some categorised terms like physical Jñāna, spiritual Jñāna and ultimate Jñāna of Self-Realisation.
Nicrophorus japonicus
Nicrophorus japonicus is a burying beetle described by Edgar von Harold in 1877. It has eastern Palearctic distribution in Japan, Korea, Mongolia, northern and central China, and the Ussuri region of Russia (Siberia).

Ussuri
The Ussuri (/uːˈsʊəri/ oo-SOOR-ee; Russian: Уссури [ʊsˈsurʲɪ]) or Wusuli (Chinese: 乌苏里; pinyin: wūsūlǐ [ǔsǔlî]) is a river that runs through Khabarovsk and Primorsky Krais, Russia and the southeast region of Northeast China in the province of Heilongjiang. It rises in the Sikhote-Alin mountain range, flowing north and forming part of the Sino-Russian border (which is based on the Sino-Russian Convention of Peking of 1860), until it joins the Amur as a tributary near Khabarovsk. It is approximately 897 km (557 mi) long. The Ussuri drains the Ussuri basin, which covers 193,000 km2 (75,000 mi2). Its waters come from rain (60%), snow (30–35%), and subterranean springs. The average discharge is 1,620 m3/s (57,000 cu ft/s), and the average elevation is 1,682 metres (5,518 ft).
Matteo Pistono
Matteo (Matthew) Pistono is a writer, teacher of meditation, and student of engaged Buddhism. He is the author of "Roar: Sulak Sivaraksa and the Path of Socially Engaged Buddhism" (forthcoming 2018), Fearless in Tibet: The Life of the Mystic Tertön Sogyal (Hay House, 2014) and In the Shadow of the Buddha: Secret Journeys, Sacred Histories, and Spiritual Discovery in Tibet (Dutton-Penguin, 2011), and has written about Tibetan, Himalayan, and Southeast Asian cultural, political, and spiritual landscapes for a number of outlets including The Washington Post, Global Post, Tricycle: The Buddhist Review, Lion's Roar, BBC's In-Pictures, Men's Journal, Kyoto Journal, and Himal Southasian.

Men's Journal
Men's Journal is an American men's lifestyle magazine focused on outdoor recreation and comprising editorials on the outdoors, environmental issues, health and fitness, style and fashion, and gear. It was founded in 1992 by Jann Wenner of Wenner Media, who sought to create a publication for "active, accomplished men to fuel an adventurous and discerning lifestyle". Wenner Media sold Men's Journal to American Media, Inc. in 2017. The Arena Group acquired Men's Journal in 2022. After a two-year print hiatus during which its content was only available online, in July of 2025, Men’s Journal relaunched as a quarterly glossy magazine.
Crown block
A crown block is the stationary section of a block and tackle that contains a set of pulleys or sheaves through which the drill line (wire rope) is threaded or reeved and is opposite and above the traveling block.

The combination of the traveling block, crown block and wire rope drill line gives the ability to lift weights in the hundreds of thousands of pounds. When running heavy casing strings hook loads occasionally exceed one million pounds.

Pulley
A pulley is a wheel on an axle or shaft enabling a taut cable or belt passing over the wheel to move and change direction, or transfer power between itself and a shaft.

A pulley may have a groove or grooves between flanges around its circumference to locate the cable or belt. The drive element of a pulley system can be a rope, cable, belt, or chain.