hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ifo Institute for Economic Research
The Ifo Institute for Economic Research, officially the ifo Institute – Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich (e.V.), is a Munich-based research institution. Ifo is an acronym from Information and Forschung (research). As one of Germany's largest economic think-tanks, it analyses economic policy and is  known for its monthly Ifo Business Climate Index for Germany. According to its 2024 report, 244 employees work for the organisation. The  Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung ranks it as Germany's most influential economics research institute.

Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung
The Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung (German: [ˈfʁaŋkfʊʁtɐ ʔalɡəˈmaɪnə ˈtsaɪtʊŋ]; FAZ; "Frankfurt General Newspaper") is a German newspaper founded in 1949. It is published daily in Frankfurt and is considered a newspaper of record for Germany. Its Sunday edition is the Frankfurter Allgemeine Sonntagszeitung ([- ˈzɔntaːksˌtsaɪtʊŋ]; FAS).

The paper runs its own network of correspondents. Its editorial policy is not determined by a single editor, but cooperatively by four editors.
Lobaric acid
Lobaric acid is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C25H28O8.  It has been found in the Antarctic lichen Stereocaulon alpinum and a variety of other lichens.  It is a member of the depsidone class of compounds.

The first total synthesis of lobaric acid was reported in 2018 by researchers at the Korea Polar Research Institute and Hanyang University. The synthesis was accomplished in 14 total steps, starting with 4-bromophthalic anhydride. Key steps included an Ullmann aryl ether coupling reaction to connect the two main aromatic rings, followed by a seven-membered lactonization reaction to form the final structure. The synthetic route also allowed access to several derivatives of lobaric acid, including methyllobarin, lobarin, and lobarstin, which showed significant protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) inhibitory activities.

Ullmann reaction
The Ullmann reaction or Ullmann coupling, named after Fritz Ullmann, couples two aryl or alkyl groups with the help of copper. The reaction was first reported by Ullmann and his student Bielecki in 1901. It has been later shown that palladium and nickel can also be effectively used.

Aryl-Aryl bond formation is a fundamental tool in modern organic synthesis, with applications spanning natural product synthesis, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and the development of commercial dyes and polyaromatics. With over a century of history, the Ullmann reaction has been one of the first to use a transition metal, primarily copper, in its higher oxidation states. Despite the significant implications of biaryl coupling in industries, the Ullmann reaction was plagued by a number of problems in its early development. However, in modern times the Ullmann reaction has revived interest due to several advantages of copper over other catalytic metals.
Port Credit GO Station
Port Credit GO Station is a GO Transit train and bus station in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada. Located in the Port Credit neighbourhood, it is a stop on the Lakeshore West line train service. Port Credit GO has been identified by Metrolinx as a transportation mobility hub, where different forms of transportation come together.  These hubs serve as the origin, destination, or transfer point for a significant number of trips, and provide transportation for a concentrated point of employment, housing, and recreation.  The under-construction Hurontario LRT will serve the station.

Metrolinx mobility hubs
Metrolinx mobility hubs are locations with significant levels of planned transit service in the Canadian province of Ontario, as identified by the regional planning transportation agency Metrolinx under The Big Move. A mobility hub consists of a major transit station and the immediate surrounding area, where different forms of transportation come together, serving as the origin, destination or transfer point for a significant amount of trips. They are also concentrated points of employment, housing, and recreation, making them places of significant economic development and activity where office buildings, hospitals, educational institutions, government service and information centres, shopping malls and restaurants can be located.
Poul Hultberg
Poul Erik Eggert Hultberg (27 March 1920, in Tryggelev, Denmark – 25 July 2016, in Gothenburg, Sweden) was a Danish architect, who worked primarily in Gothenburg, Sweden.

Hultberg studied at the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts in Copenhagen and graduated in 1943. He moved to Sweden in 1945.

He designed several sport facilities, the most famous being Scandinavium in 1971.

He has shaped several districts in Gothenburg such as Biskopsgården, Högsbo, Tynnered, and Kallebäck.

Högsbo
57°40′16″N 11°55′37″E﻿ / ﻿57.671°N 11.927°E﻿ / 57.671; 11.927

Högsbo is a city district of Gothenburg located on the Swedish west coast. Högsbo is situated southwest of the city centre of Gothenburg.

The centre of Högsbo is Axel Dahlströms torg which consists of a small shopping square and connections with the Västtrafik tram system.
Toyota Sera
The Toyota Sera (model designation EXY10) is a 3-door 2+2 liftback coupe manufactured and marketed by Toyota from 1990 to 1995. It was only officially sold in Japan.

The Sera debuted in 1988 as the Toyota AXV-II concept car in a near production-ready form, and is noted for its mostly glass roof canopy and its butterfly doors, which tilt up and forward when open. A year later, the production-version Sera was presented at the 1989 Tokyo Motor Show. A vertically positioned and electrically automated model was also shown to demonstrate the butterfly doors and rear hatch in action.

"Sera" is derived from the future tense of the French verb "être," which means "to be."

2+2 (car body style)
A 2+2 (also 2-plus-2) is a car-body style that has a seat each for the driver and front passenger, and two rear seats. The latter may be individual "bucket" seats, fold-downs, or a full-width "bucketed" bench seat, but always with less leg room than either the front seats or a standard two-door car. The style is different from four- or five-seat automobiles having normal-size rear seats, with second-row 2+2 seating typically only suitable for children or occasional use.
Henry Nicollon des Abbayes
Henry Robert Nicollon des Abbayes (15 July 1898 – 21 May 1974) was a French botanist and lichenologist. He was the chair of the Botanical Department of the University of Rennes and an expert on plants of Brittany and the flora of Great Britain. The standard author abbreviation Abbayes is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.

H.R.N. des Abbayes was editor of four exsiccata series distributing lichen reference specimens among herbaria. In 1929 he started the first of these works devoted to lichens of Armorica with the title Lichenes Armoricani spectabiles exsiccati. Abbayes traveled around Madagascar and Réunion in the year 1956 collecting lichens and distibuting specimens in the exsiccata Lichenes Madagascarienses et Borbonici exsiccati.

University of Rennes
The University of Rennes (French: Université de Rennes) is a public research university located in Rennes, Upper Brittany, France. Originally founded in 1460, the university was split into two universities in 1970: Rennes 1 University and Rennes 2 University. 
On 1 January 2023, the Rennes 1 University merged with five grandes écoles: EHESP, École nationale supérieure de chimie de Rennes, ENS Rennes, INSA Rennes and Sciences-Po Rennes to create the new University of Rennes.

The University of Rennes 2 with other research institutes (CNRS, INRAE, Inria, Inserm and CHU de Rennes) are associated with the 'UNIR' project. The six establishments will be grouped together in an 'Experimental Public Establishment' (EPE), weighing nearly 7,000 staff and teachers, including a thousand researchers, 156 research laboratories and 60,000 of the 68,000 students in the Breton capital, including 7,000 international students.
WCSS
WCSS (1490 AM) is a commercial radio station broadcasting a news/talk format. Licensed to Amsterdam, New York, the station serves the Mohawk Valley, with radio studios in the Riverfront Center Mall in that city's downtown.

The station is owned by Carol Whelley, Joseph Tesiero, and John Tesiero, III, through licensee Cranesville Block Company, and features programming from Westwood One's Good Time Oldies Network and ABC Radio News. The station is part of the Buffalo Bills Radio Network and also carries a local swap-shop program.

WCSS is powered at 1,000 watts, non-directional. Programming is also heard on FM translator W295CZ at 106.9 MHz.

WCSS 1490 previously aired a full service oldies and classic hits radio format and currently simulcasts with WKAJ 1120 and its FM translator W250CX (97.9 FM) with a news/talk format.

Tradio
Tradio is a type of phone-in radio program formatted to provide a venue for listeners to freely advertise items they have to sell or trade. The concept is analogous to classified ads in local newspapers and most prevalent in the south and midwest. "Tradio" is a portmanteau of "trade" and "radio". The format is also often called Swap Shop; Buy, Sell, or Trade; Biz Baz; or Trading Post.
Clark Fork (Petite Saline Creek tributary)
Clark Fork is a stream in Cooper County in the U.S. state of Missouri. It is a tributary of Petite Saline Creek.

The stream headwaters arise at 38°47′06″N 92°43′39″W﻿ / ﻿38.78500°N 92.72750°W﻿ / 38.78500; -92.72750 at an elevation of approximately 877 feet just south of Missouri Route J and 3.5 miles east of Bunceton. The stream flows to the northeast and north passing under Missouri Route 87 approximately one mile northwest of the community of Clarks Fork. Its confluence with the Petite Saline Creek is at 38°55′21″N 92°40′07″W﻿ / ﻿38.92250°N 92.66861°W﻿ / 38.92250; -92.66861 and an elevation of 597 feet. The confluence is approximately 4.5 miles southeast of Booneville.

Clark Fork bears the name of a pioneer settler.

Missouri Route 87
Route 87 is a highway in central Missouri.  Its southern terminus is at U.S. Route 54 in Eldon, and its northern terminus is at Route 5/240 in Glasgow. Parts of the road are overlapped by the Lewis and Clark Trail and Santa Fe Trail.
1997 Leverrier
1997 Leverrier (prov. designation: 1963 RC) is a stony Flora asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt. It was discovered on 14 September 1963, by the Indiana Asteroid Program at Goethe Link Observatory near Brooklyn, Indiana, United States, and named after French mathematician Urbain Le Verrier. The asteroid has a rotation period of 6.8 hours and measures approximately 7 kilometers (4.3 miles) in diameter

Provisional designation in astronomy
Provisional designation is the naming convention applied to astronomical objects immediately following their discovery. The provisional designation is usually superseded by a permanent designation once a reliable orbit has been calculated. As of 2019, approximately 47% of the more than 1,100,000 known minor planets remain provisionally designated, as hundreds of thousands have been discovered in the last two decades. The modern system is overseen by the Minor Planet Center of the International Astronomical Union.
Felipe Guevara
Felipe Guevara Stephens (born 5 August 1967) is a Chilean historian and politician.

Guevara served as mayor of the commune of Lo Barnechea for eleven years until the 2019–20 riots ("Estallido Social"), when he accepted then President Sebastián Piñera's offer to become intendant of capital city, Santiago de Chile, replacing Karla Rubilar, who'd been selected by Piñera to be Minister Secretary General of Government.

Lo Barnechea
Lo Barnechea is a commune located in the northeastern sector of the province of Santiago. Its urban boundaries include Los Andes of the Valparaíso region to the north, Colina to the west, Vitacura and Huechuraba to the southwest, Las Condes to the south and San José de Maipo to the east. It developed around the old rural town of Lo Barnechea. Its population is heterogeneous, as it is inhabited by high- and medium-high-income families in sectors such as La Dehesa, Los Trapenses and El Arrayán, while there are medium-low- and low-income families in the towns of Lo Barnechea, Población La Ermita and Cerro Dieciocho.

.
Benjamin Gallant
Benjamin Gallant (June 11, 1871 – October 27, 1921) was a merchant and political figure in Prince Edward Island. He represented 1st Prince in the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island from 1900 to 1912 and from 1915 to 1922 as a Liberal member.

He was born in Bloomfield, Prince Edward Island, the son of Ebenezer 'Eusèbe' Gallant and Martha Arsenault. Gallant was a merchant, trader and brick manufacturer.

In 1901, he married Annie M. Gallant. Gallant was involved in fish packing, also processing lobster. He was named to the province's Executive Council in 1919. Gallant died in office at Summerside in 1921.

Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island
The Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island (French: Assemblée législative de l'Île-du-Prince-Édouard) together with the lieutenant governor of Prince Edward Island form the General Assembly of Prince Edward Island. The Legislative Assembly meets at Province House, which is at the intersection of Richmond and Great George Streets in Charlottetown. Bills passed by the Assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor in the name of the King of Canada.
The Secret Kingdom (film)
The Secret Kingdom is a 1925 British silent fantasy, and science fiction film. It was directed by Sinclair Hill, and starred Matheson Lang, Stella Arbenina and Eric Bransby Williams. It is an adaptation of the novel The Hidden Fire by Bertram Atkey. The screenplay concerns a wealthy man who acquires a mind-reading machine, but is soon horrified to discover what people are really thinking. It was shot at Cricklewood Studios in London, it  was re-issued in 1929 under the alternative title of Beyond the Veil.

Sinclair Hill
Sinclair Hill (10 June 1896 – 6 March 1945) was a British film director, producer and screenwriter. He directed nearly fifty films between 1920 and 1939. He was born as George Sinclair-Hill in London in 1894. He was awarded an OBE for his services to film.

Hill was employed by Stoll Pictures in the 1920s and Gainsborough Pictures in the 1930s.
2021 W Series
The 2021 W Series was the second season of the W Series motor racing championship, replacing the 2020 season after it was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The championship was exclusively open to female racing drivers as a Formula Regional-level racing series in support of the 2021 Formula One World Championship.

Jamie Chadwick entered the season as the defending W Series champion, having won the title in 2019. Chadwick secured her second consecutive championship, winning the 2021 title at the season finale race, at Circuit of the Americas.

Hankook
Hankook Tire & Technology Co., Ltd. (Korean: 한국타이어앤테크놀로지 주식회사; Hanja: 韓國타이어앤테크놀로지株式會社; RR: Hanguk-Taieo-aen-Tekeunolloji Jusikhoesa), also known simply as Hankook (/ˈhæŋkʊk/ HANG-kuuk, Korean: [haːnɡuk̚]), is a South Korean tire company based in Seoul. It is the seventh-largest tire company in the world. It is a part of Hankook & Company.
HMS K10
HMS K10 was a K class submarine built by Vickers, Barrow-in-Furness. She was laid down on 28 June 1915. She was commissioned on 26 June 1917. K10 was sold on 4 November 1921. K10 foundered in tow on 10 January 1922. It had a complement of fifty-nine crew members and a length of 338 feet (103 m)

Vickers
Vickers was a British engineering company that existed from 1828 until 1999. It was formed in Sheffield as a steel foundry by Edward Vickers and his father-in-law, and soon became famous for casting church bells. The company went public in 1867, acquired more businesses, and began branching out into military hardware and shipbuilding.

In 1911, the company expanded into aircraft manufacture and opened a flying school. They expanded even further into electrical and railway manufacturing, and in 1928 acquired an interest in the Supermarine.

Beginning in the 1960s, various parts of the company were nationalised, and in 1999 the rest of the company was acquired by Rolls-Royce plc, which sold the defence arm to Alvis plc. The Vickers name lived on in Alvis Vickers, until the latter was acquired by BAE Systems in 2004 to form BAE Systems Land Systems.
A. David Lewis
Aaron David Lewis (born 1977 in Boston, Massachusetts) is an American comic book and graphic novel writer. He is also a comics scholar focusing on literary theory, religious studies, and graphic medicine.

He is the founder of the Caption Box comic book imprint. He has also served as an instructor at Georgetown University, Northeastern University, MCPHS, Bentley University, and Boston University (as a teaching fellow for Frank Korom, Stephen Prothero, and Steven T. Katz). Additionally, he has given lectures at conferences such as WizardWorld, San Diego Comic-Con, and the New York Comic-Con, among others. He is an editorial board member for the International Journal of Comic Art under editor John Lent. He was an executive board member for the Comics Studies Society. He has also been involved in several podcasts.

Stephen Prothero
Stephen Richard Prothero (/ˈproʊðəroʊ/; born November 13, 1960) is an American scholar of religion. He is the C. Allyn and Elizabeth V. Russell Professor Emeritus of Religion in America at Boston University and the author or editor of eleven books on religion in the United States, including the New York Times bestseller Religious Literacy.

Prothero has argued for mandatory public-school biblical literacy courses (along the lines of the Bible Literacy Project's The Bible and Its Influence), along with mandatory courses on world religions. He delivered the William Belden Noble Lectures at Harvard University on November 18–20, 2008, on the topic: “The Work of Doing Nothing: Wandering as Practice and Play." On the matter of his own personal beliefs, Prothero describes himself as "religiously confused".
Hospital Clínico Universitario
The Hospital Universitario de Caracas or University Hospital of Caracas (also named Hospital Clínico Universitario or just El Clínico) is a publicly owned hospital located in the spaces of the Ciudad Universitaria de Caracas, part of the Central University of Venezuela, located in the Chaguaramos parish of Libertador Municipality in the District Capital of Venezuela and west of Caracas Metropolitan District and the city of Caracas, the north central Venezuela.

The idea of creating this institution arose in the year 1943  on the initiative of General Eleazar López Contreras  who in the same year ordered start work with the design of the architect Carlos Raúl Villanueva. It was completed in 1954  and opened in the year 1956 under the dictatorship of General Marcos Perez Jimenez .

As part of the Central University of Venezuela its structure is World Heritage Site since 2000.  It is accessible through the line 3 station of the Caracas Metro Ciudad Universitaria.

Carlos Raúl Villanueva
Carlos Raúl Villanueva Astoul (May 30, 1900 – August 16, 1975) was a Venezuelan modernist architect. Raised in Europe, Villanueva went for the first time to Venezuela when he was 28 years old. He was involved in the development and modernization of Caracas, Maracay and other cities across the country. Among his works are El Silencio Redevelopment which included 7797 apartments and 207 shop premises and the Ciudad Universitaria, the main campus of the Central University of Venezuela. The Campus was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in the year 2000.
Incident in an Alley
Incident in an Alley is a 1962 American neo noir crime film directed by Edward L. Cahn and starring Chris Warfield, Erin O'Donnell and Harp McGuire.

The film's premise rests on a legal precedent that police may use force against fleeing suspects if the suspect has committed a crime and is warned of the officer's intent to shoot. In 1985, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled in the case of Tennessee v. Garner that deadly force may be used to prevent the escape of a fleeing felon only if the officer has probable cause to believe that the suspect poses a serious risk to the officer or to others.

Neo-noir
Neo-noir is a film genre from the 1970s, in the era of New Hollywood, which is primarily associated with the subversion and visual style of classic film noir tropes, adapting the themes of 1940s and 1950s American film noir for contemporary audiences, often with vibrant colors and high-contrast, more graphic depictions of violence or sexuality, thematic motifs, and nonlinear narrative or editing.

During the 1970s and the mid 1980s, the term "neo-noir" surged in popularity, fueled by movies such as Roman Polanski’s Chinatown (1974), Martin Scorsese's Taxi Driver (1976), Sydney Pollack's Absence of Malice (1981), Ridley Scott’s Blade Runner (1982), Paul Verhoeven's The Fourth Man (1983 film) and David Lynch’s Blue Velvet (1986). The French term film noir translates literally to English as "black film", indicating sinister stories often presented in a shadowy cinematographic style. Neo-noir has a similar style but with updated themes, content, style, and visual elements.
Circumflex in French
The circumflex (ˆ) is one of the five diacritics used in French orthography. It may appear on the vowels a, e, i, o, and u, for example â in pâté.

The circumflex, called accent circonflexe, has three primary functions in French:

It affects the pronunciation of a, e, and o. Although it is used on i and u as well, it does not affect their pronunciation.

It often indicates the historical presence of a letter, commonly s, that has become silent and fallen away in orthography over the course of linguistic evolution.

It is used, less frequently, to distinguish between two homophones. For example, sur ('on/about')  versus sûr '(sure/safe'), and du ('of the') versus dû ('due')

And in certain words, it is simply an orthographic convention.

O
O, or o, is the fifteenth letter and the fourth vowel letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is o (pronounced /ˈoʊ/ ⓘ), plural oes.
Yegindybulak
Yegindybulak (Kazakh: Егіндібұлақ, Egindibulaq) is a settlement in Karkaraly District, Karaganda Region, Kazakhstan. It is the administrative center of the Yegindybulak Rural District (KATO code - 354851100). Population: 3,399 (2009 census results); 4,165 (1999 census results).

Karkaraly District
Karkaraly District (Kazakh: Қарқаралы ауданы, Qarqaraly audany) is a district of Karaganda Region in central Kazakhstan. The administrative center of the district is the town of Karkaraly. As of 2019, the district is home to a population of 36,025 people.