hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pyotr Pospelov
Pyotr Nikolayevich Pospelov (Russian: Пётр Никола́евич Поспе́лов; 20 June [O.S. 8 June] 1898 – 22 April, 1979) was a high-ranked functionary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, propagandist, academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1953), chief editor of Pravda newspaper, and director of the Institute of Marxism-Leninism. He was known as a staunch Stalinist who quickly became a supporter of Nikita Khrushchev.

Academician
An academician is a full member of an artistic, literary, engineering, or scientific academy. In many countries, it is an honorific title used to denote a full member of an academy that has a strong influence on national scientific life.

Accordingly, within systems such as the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, the title grants privileges and administrative responsibilities for funding allocation and research priorities.
David J. Weiss
David J. Weiss is an American psychometrician who has made significant contributions to the field of psychometrics. Alongside Fredric M. Lord, Weiss is considered a pioneer in the development and application of computerized adaptive testing

Weiss earned his bachelor's degree in psychology from the University of Pennsylvania in 1959. Thereafter, he pursued doctoral studies in the subject at the University of Minnesota, graduating in 1963. After earning his doctorate, he remained and joined the faculty of the University of Minnesota. Weiss is the founding editor-in-chief of the academic journal Applied Psychological Measurement, serving from January 1977 to December 2001.

Weiss is a fellow of the American Psychological Association and the American Educational Research Association.

Computerized adaptive testing
Computerized adaptive testing (CAT) is a form of computer-based test that adapts to the examinee's ability level. For this reason, it has also been called tailored testing. In other words, it is a form of computer-administered test in which the next item or set of items selected to be administered depends on the correctness of the test taker's responses to the most recent items administered.
Snake Gorge
23°12′36″N 57°23′11.4″E﻿ / ﻿23.21000°N 57.386500°E﻿ / 23.21000; 57.386500

Snake Gorge, also called Wādī Bīmah (Arabic: وَادِي بِيْمَة), is a gorge or wadi in Ad Dakhiliyah region of Oman. It is popular with hikers. It is a fantastic route for jumping off small cliffs into water pools. There are also natural water slides. However, it is flash-flood prone, and in the 1996, a small group of hikers drowned. In 2014, 11 tourists from Dubai in the UAE were trapped during rains, but managed to survive on the rocks for 2 hours, despite losing their vehicle in the process. The Royal Oman Police and PACDA frequently try to prevent such tragedies by sending out weather warnings.

Ad Dakhiliyah Governorate
Ad Dakhiliyah (Arabic: الداخلية, romanized: Ad-Dāḫilīyah, lit. 'The Interior') is one of the eleven governorates (muhafazah) of Oman with Nizwa town as the regional center. It was previously a region (mintaqah). It became a governorate on 28 October 2011.
Morio Takahashi
Morio Takahashi (高橋 守雄, Takahashi Morio, January 1, 1883 - May 6, 1957) was a Japanese politician. He was born in Kumamoto Prefecture. He was a graduate of the University of Tokyo. He was mayor of Kumamoto (1922-1925) and governor of Shiga Prefecture (1925-1926), Nagano Prefecture (1926-1927) and Hyōgo Prefecture (1929-1931). In 1931, he served in the Government-General of Taiwan. He served as Superintendent General in 1934.

Government-General of Taiwan
The Government-General of Taiwan (Government of Taiwan, Taiwan Government, Government of Formosa, Japanese: 台湾総督府, Kyūjitai: 臺灣總督府, Hepburn: Taiwan Sōtokufu; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tâi-oân Chóng-tok-hú; Tâi-lô: Tâi-uân Tsóng-tok-hú; Pha̍k-fa-sṳ=Thòi-vân Chúng-tuk-fú) was the government that governed Taiwan under Japanese rule between 1895 and 1945.
Live and Let Die (video game)
James Bond: Live And Let Die is a video game loosely based on the 1973 James Bond film Live and Let Die. The game was released by Domark for the Amiga, Atari ST, Amstrad CPC, Commodore 64, MS-DOS, and ZX Spectrum in 1988.

Live and Let Die is a racing game in which the player navigates James Bond driving a modified speedboat. It did not start as a Bond game, being a rebranding after Domark saw Elite Systems working on a game named Aquablast, and  thought the boat driving and fighting of said title resembled the speedboat chase of Live and Let Die.

Elite Systems
Elite Systems is a British video game developer and publisher established in 1984 as Richard Wilcox Software. It is known for producing home computer conversions of popular arcade games.  Elite also published compilations of games on the Hit-Pak label and budget price re-releases on the Encore label.
The Rose (band)
The Rose (Korean: 더로즈) is a South Korean indie-rock band represented by their company Windfall and partnered with Transparent Arts. The band is composed of four members: Kim Woosung (vocalist, guitar), Park Dojoon (vocals, guitar, keyboard), Lee Hajoon (drums, sub-vocals), Lee Taegyeom (bass, sub-vocals). While The Rose gained popularity early on, their debut single "Sorry," released on August 3, 2017, put them on the map and marked their first official entry into the mainstream music scene, showcasing their unique sound and earning them widespread international recognition.

Street performance
Street performance or busking is the act of performing in public places for gratuities. In many countries, the rewards are generally in the form of money but other gratuities such as food, drink or gifts may be given. Street performance is practiced all over the world and dates back to antiquity. People engaging in this practice are called street performers or buskers, although busker is generally not used in American English.

Performances are anything that people find entertaining, including acrobatics, animal tricks, balloon twisting, caricatures, clowning, comedy, contortions, escapology, dance, singing, fire skills, flea circus, fortune-telling, juggling, magic, mime, living statue, musical performance, one man band, puppeteering, snake charming, storytelling or reciting poetry or prose, street art such as sketching and painting, street theatre, sword swallowing, ventriloquism, weightlifting and washboarding. Buskers may be solo performers or small groups.
Listed buildings in Elmton with Creswell
Elmton with Creswell is a civil parish in the Bolsover District of Derbyshire, England. The parish contains ten listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. Of these, one is listed at Grade II*, the middle of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  The parish contains the villages of Elmton and Creswell, and the surrounding countryside.  The listed buildings consist of three farmhouses, a farm building, two churches, three schools, and a war memorial.

Bolsover District
Bolsover District is a local government district in Derbyshire, England. It is named after the town of Bolsover, which is near the geographic centre of the district, but the council is based in the large village of Clowne to the north. The district also includes the town of Shirebrook and several villages and surrounding rural areas.

The neighbouring districts are Amber Valley, North East Derbyshire, Chesterfield, Rotherham, Bassetlaw, Mansfield, and Ashfield.
Georgian–Seljuk wars
The Georgian–Seljuk wars (Georgian: საქართველო-სელჩუკთა ომები, romanized: sakartvelo-selchuk'ta omebi), also known as Georgian Crusade, is a long series of battles and military clashes that took place from 1064 until 1213, between the Kingdom of Georgia and the different Seljukid states that occupied most of South Caucasus. The conflict is preceded by deadly raids in the Caucasus by the Turks in the 11th century, known in Georgian historiography as the Great Turkish Invasion.

South Caucasus
The South Caucasus, also known as Transcaucasia, or the Transcaucasus, is a geographical region on the border of Eastern Europe and West Asia, straddling the southern Caucasus Mountains. The South Caucasus roughly corresponds to modern Armenia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan, which are sometimes collectively known as the Caucasian States. The total area of these countries measures about 186,100 square kilometres (71,850 square miles). The South Caucasus and the North Caucasus together comprise the larger Caucasus geographical region that divides Eurasia.
Brook Deedes
Christianity portal

Brooke Deedes (12 January 1847 – 28 October 1922) was an Anglican priest in the last three decades of the 19th century and the first three of the 20th.

He was born in Sandling Park, Kent, the son of William Deedes senior, M.P. and younger brother of William Deedes junior, M.P. He was educated at Harrow and Christ Church, Oxford; and ordained in 1871. After a curacy at St Mary, Charterhouse Square he was Vicar of St Crispin, Bermondsey then Chaplain to the Bishop of Calcutta. He then served at Allahabad from 1885 to 1892 when he became the Archdeacon of Lucknow He was the incumbent at Hawkhurst from 1897 to 1900; Hampstead from 1900 to 1912; and St Vedast, Foster Lane from 1912 to 1920. He was also the inaugural Archdeacon of Hampstead, serving from 1912 to 1920.

Deedes died on 28 October 1922.

St Vedast Foster Lane
Saint Vedast Foster Lane or Saint Vedast-alias-Foster, a church in Foster Lane, in the City of London, is dedicated to St. Vedast (Foster is an Anglicisation of the name "Vaast", as the saint is known in continental Europe), a French saint whose cult arrived in England through contacts with Augustinian clergy.
Alpha 21064
The Alpha 21064 is a microprocessor developed and fabricated by Digital Equipment Corporation that implemented the Alpha (introduced as the Alpha AXP) instruction set architecture (ISA). It was introduced as the DECchip 21064 before it was renamed in 1994. The 21064 is also known by its code name, EV4. It was announced in February 1992 with volume availability in September 1992. The 21064 was the first commercial implementation of the Alpha ISA, and the first microprocessor from Digital to be available commercially. It was succeeded by a derivative, the Alpha 21064A in October 1993. This last version was replaced by the Alpha 21164 in 1995.

Physical address
In computing, a physical address (also real address, or binary address), is a memory address that is represented in the form of a binary number on the address bus circuitry in order to enable the data bus to access a particular item (byte, word, etc.) of main memory, or a register of memory-mapped I/O device.
Schmalkalden Moorhead
The Schmalkalden Moorhead is a breed of fancy pigeon developed over many years of selective breeding. Schmalkalden Moorheads, along with other varieties of domesticated pigeons, are all descendants from the rock pigeon (Columba livia).
It was developed at Schmalkalden, Thuringian town in Germany.

Fancy pigeon
Fancy pigeon refers to any breed of domestic pigeon, which is a domesticated form of the wild rock dove (Columba livia). They are bred by pigeon fanciers for various traits relating to size, shape, color, and behavior, and often exhibited at pigeon shows, fairs and other livestock exhibits.

There are about 800 pigeon breeds; considering all regional varieties all over the world there may be 1100 breeds. The European list of fancy pigeons alone names about 500 breeds. No other domestic animal has branched out into such a variety of forms and colours.

Charles Darwin is known to have crossbred fancy pigeons, particularly the ice pigeon, to study variation within species, this work coming three years before his publication, On the Origin of Species.
Kingdom of Brittany
The Kingdom of Brittany (Breton: Rouantelezh Breizh) was a short-lived vassal-state of the Frankish Empire that emerged during the Norse invasions. Its history begins in 851 with Erispoe's claim to kingship. In 856, Erispoe was murdered and succeeded by his cousin Salomon.

The kingdom fell into a period of turmoil caused by Norse invasions and a succession dispute between Salomon's murderers: Gurvand and Pascweten. Pascweten's brother, Alan, called the Great, was the third and last to be recognized as King of Brittany. After his death, Brittany fell under Norse occupation.

When Alan Twistedbeard, Alan the Great's grandson, reconquered Brittany in 939, Brittany became a sovereign duchy until its union with France in 1532.

County of Nantes
The counts of Nantes were originally the Frankish rulers of the Nantais under the Carolingians and eventually a capital city of the Duchy of Brittany. Their county served as a march against the Bretons of the Vannetais. Carolingian rulers would sometimes attack Brittany through the region of the Vannetais, making Nantes a strategic asset. In the mid-ninth century, the county finally fell to the Bretons and the title became a subsidiary title of the Breton rulers. The control of the title by the Breton dukes figured prominently in the history of the duchy. The County of Nantes was given to Hoel, a disinherited son of a duke. He lost the countship due to a popular uprising. That uprising presented an opportunity for King Henry II of England to attack the Breton duke. In the treaty ending their conflicts, the Breton duke awarded the county to Henry II.
Langmead
Langmead is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Richard Langmead (born 1972), former rugby union player

Thomas Pitt Taswell-Langmead (1840–1882), English barrister and academic

Kelvin Langmead (born 1985), English professional footballer

Ben Langmead, a computational biologist at Johns Hopkins University

Philip Langmead (c.1739 – 1816), member of Parliament for Plymouth

Philip Langmead
Philip Langmead (c. 1739 – 8 August 1816) was Member of Parliament for Plymouth from 1802 to February 1806.

He was Mayor of Plymouth from 1800 to 1801.

He married Elizabeth Clark in c. 1763. His daughter Elizabeth was the first wife of George Byng, 6th Viscount Torrington.
Louth Derby
The Louth derby is the name given to an association football derby match played between Drogheda United and Dundalk FC. Outside of counties Cork and Dublin, County Louth is the only county in Ireland that has two elite football teams in the League of Ireland. While the clubs were formed in 1903 and 1919 respectively, the derby only commenced in 1963, when Drogheda entered the league, and has been contested over 200 times in all competitions.

Stephen Kenny (football manager)
Stephen Kenny (born 30 October 1971) is an Irish football manager and former player who is the manager of League of Ireland Premier Division side St Patrick's Athletic. He has formerly managed Longford Town, Bohemians, Derry City, Dunfermline Athletic, Shamrock Rovers, Dundalk, the Republic of Ireland U21 side and the senior Republic of Ireland national team. He is one of Republic of Ireland's most successful domestic league managers, having won eight trophies with Dundalk.
1991 Ryder Cup
The 29th Ryder Cup Matches were held September 27–29, 1991, on The Ocean Course at Kiawah Island Golf Resort in Kiawah Island, South Carolina, southwest of Charleston.

The United States team won the competition by 141⁄2 to 131⁄2 points, winning back the Cup on the 18th hole of the final match. Bernhard Langer missed a six-foot (1.8 m) par putt which would have won his match and clinched a 14-all tie and retained the Ryder Cup for Europe. It was the first win for the U.S. since 1983, after consecutive losses to Europe in 1985 and 1987 and a tie in 1989. Due to the fierce competition, gamesmanship and general over-exuberance of the U.S. Team and their fans, these Ryder Cup Matches became known as the "War on the Shore."

The event was originally slated for PGA West, but was moved in 1989 to accommodate television coverage in both the United States and Europe.

The Ocean Course later hosted the PGA Championship in 2012 and 2021.

PGA West
33°38′36″N 116°16′03″W﻿ / ﻿33.643302°N 116.267506°W﻿ / 33.643302; -116.267506

PGA West is a set of 6 golf courses located in La Quinta, California.

The PGA West Stadium Course was designed by Pete Dye and is viewed as the sequel to the TPC at Sawgrass. It was inspired by the Scottish links-style courses and at one point was considered one of Golf Digest's Top 100 Courses in America.
Inti Rumi
Inti Rumi (Quechua inti sun or Inti sun god, rumi stone, "sun (or Inti) stone") is a mountain in the Bolivian Andes which reaches a height of approximately 3,680 m (12,070 ft). It is located in the Chuquisaca Department, Oropeza Province, Sucre Municipality.

Chuquisaca Department
Chuquisaca (Spanish pronunciation: [tʃukiˈsaka]; Guarani: Chuquisaca; Quechua: Chuqichaka; Aymara: Chuqisaka) is a department of Bolivia located in the center south. It borders on the departments of Cochabamba, Tarija, Potosí, and Santa Cruz. The departmental capital is Sucre, which is also the constitutional capital of Bolivia.
Lyon Commune
The Lyon Commune (French: Commune de Lyon) was a short-lived revolutionary movement in Lyon, France, in 1870–1871. Republicans and activists from several components of the far-left of the time seized power in Lyon and established an autonomous government. The commune organized elections, but dissolved after the restoration of a republican "normality", which frustrated the most radical elements, who hoped for a different revolution. Radicals twice tried to regain power, without success.

The Lyon events happened in the context of a revolutionary wave of series of similar uprisings in most major French cities in the aftermath of the collapse of the Second French Empire, culminating in the 1871 Paris Commune.

Far-left politics
Far-left politics are politics further to the left on the political spectrum than the standard political left. In certain instances, far-left has been associated with various forms of authoritarianism, anarchism, communism, and Marxism, or are characterised as groups that advocate for revolutionary socialism and related communist ideologies, or anti-capitalism and anti-globalisation. Far-left terrorism consists of extremist, militant, or insurgent groups that attempt to realise their ideals through political violence rather than using democratic processes.
Midway, Georgia
Midway is a city in Liberty County, Georgia, United States. It is a part of the Hinesville-Fort Stewart metropolitan statistical area. The population was 2,141 in 2020.

Midway has several museums, including the Midway Museum and the Dorchester Academy Museum. The Midway Historic District is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Dorchester Academy
Dorchester Academy was a school for African-Americans located just outside Midway, Georgia.  Operating from 1869 to 1940, its campus, of which only the 1935 Dorchester Academy Boys' Dormitory survives, was the primary site of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference's Citizen Education Program.  This program, ran here from 1961 to 1970, worked toward attaining equality for blacks in the American South by teaching them their rights and helping them acquire the knowledge necessary to become registered voters by passing the required test.  The dormitory building was designated a U.S. National Historic Landmark in 2006 for its later role in the American civil rights movement, and for its association with activist Septima Poinsette Clark, who oversaw the education program.  The campus, which includes several later buildings, is now a museum and research center.
Volcanism of Western Canada
Volcanism of Western Canada has produced lava flows, lava plateaus, lava domes, cinder cones, stratovolcanoes, shield volcanoes, greenstone belts, submarine volcanoes, calderas, diatremes and maars, along with examples of more less common volcanic forms such as tuyas and subglacial mounds.

Submarine volcano
Water vapor cloud

Water

Stratum

Lava flow

Magma conduit

Magma chamber

Dike

Pillow lava

Submarine volcanoes are underwater vents or fissures in the Earth's surface from which magma can erupt. Many submarine volcanoes are located near areas of tectonic plate formation, known as mid-ocean ridges. The volcanoes at mid-ocean ridges alone are estimated to account for 75% of the magma output on Earth. Although most submarine volcanoes are located in the depths of seas and oceans, some also exist in shallow water, and these can discharge material into the atmosphere during an eruption. The total number of submarine volcanoes is estimated to be over one million (most are now extinct) of which some 75,000 rise more than 1 kilometre (0.62 miles) above the seabed. Only 119 submarine volcanoes in Earth's oceans and seas are known to have erupted during the last 11,700 years.

Hydrothermal vents, sites of abundant biological activity, are commonly found near submarine volcanoes.
Friendship (2021 film)
Friendship is a 2021 Indian Tamil-language film directed by John Paul Raj and Sham Surya. A remake of the 2018 Malayalam film Queen, it stars Harbhajan Singh and Losliya Mariyanesan with Arjun in extended cameo. The film marks the acting debuts of Harbhajan Singh and Losliya Mariyanesan, after the latter's stint at Bigg Boss Tamil. The music was composed by D. M. Udhayakumar with cinematography by C. Santha Kumar and editing by Deepak S. Dwarakanth. The film was released on 17 September 2021.

Harbhajan Singh
Harbhajan Singh (born 3 July 1980), also known by the nickname Bhajji, is a former Indian cricketer. He later became a politician, serving as a Member of Parliament in Rajya Sabha. He is also a film actor, a television celebrity, and a cricket commentator.

Harbhajan played for India from 1998 to 2016 as an off spin bowler. In domestic cricket, he played for the Punjab cricket team; and in the Indian Premier League for the Mumbai Indians, Chennai Super Kings, and Kolkata Knight Riders. Considered one of the best Indian spin bowlers of his era, he was on the Indian teams that won the 2007 T20 World Cup and the 2011 Cricket World Cup, and also the team that were joint-winners with Sri Lanka of the 2002 ICC Champions Trophy. He was also a lower-order batter, having two centuries in tests with a top score of 115.
Zhao Yingcheng
Zhao Yingcheng (Chinese: 趙映乘; Hebrew name: Moshe ben Avraham; 1619 – c. 1663) was a Chinese-Jewish philosopher and mandarin of the Ming dynasty. He and his brother Zhao Yingdou, also a mandarin, held important government posts in the 1660s.

Hebrew name
A Hebrew name is a name of Hebrew origin. In a more narrow meaning, it is a name used by Jews only in a religious context and different from an individual's secular name for everyday use.

Names with Hebrew origins, especially those from the Hebrew Bible, are commonly used by Jews and Christians. Many are also used by Muslims, particularly those names mentioned in the Qur'an (for example, Ibrahim is a common Arabic name from the Hebrew Avraham). A typical Hebrew name can have many different forms, having been adapted to the phonologies and orthographies of many different languages.

A common practice among the Jewish diaspora is to give a Hebrew name to a child that is used in religious contexts throughout that person's lifetime.

Not all Hebrew names are strictly Hebrew in origin; some names may have been borrowed from other ancient languages,  including from Egyptian, Aramaic, Phoenician, or Canaanite.