hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
94th Division (Imperial Japanese Army)
The 94th Division (第94師団, Dai-kyūjūsan Shidan) was an infantry division in the Imperial Japanese Army. Its call sign was the Intense Division (威烈兵団, Iretsu Heidan) (the first Japanese division with a two-letter call sign). It was created 14 October 1944 in Taiping, Perak. The nucleus for the formation were the 12 and 18th independent garrison groups. It was a triangular division.

Taiping, Perak
Taiping (Malay: [taipeŋ]) is a city located in Larut, Matang and Selama District, in the state of Perak, Malaysia. It is located approximately 48 km (30 mi) northwest of Ipoh, the capital of Perak, and 78 km (48 mi) southeast of George Town, Penang. With a population of 245,182 (in 2013), it is the second largest city in Perak after Ipoh, the state capital.

Taiping took over Kuala Kangsar's role as the state capital from 1876 to 1937, but was then replaced by Ipoh. Its growth slowed after that, but in recent years the town has been developing rapidly again. Perak State Museum is located in the town.

Taiping also receives some limelight for being the wettest town in Peninsular Malaysia. Its average annual rainfall of about 2757mm of precipitation has led to fertile flora and rain trees in the Taiping Lake Gardens.

Taiping was ranked in the Top 3 Sustainable Cities in the world.
St. Mary's, Kawartha Lakes, Ontario
St. Mary's was the site of a planned village within early Victoria County, in the Canadian province of Ontario. The site was laid aside in the surveying of the county in the 1830s, but was later found to be unusable when limestone was discovered two inches below the ground. Today its site marks one end of a man-made canal between Balsam Lake and Lake Simcoe, part of the Trent-Severn Waterway.

Balsam Lake (Ontario)
Balsam Lake is a lake in the City of Kawartha Lakes in Central Ontario, Canada. It is in the Great Lakes Basin, is one of the lakes of the Kawartha Lakes, and is at the summit of the Trent–Severn Waterway.
Panthapara Union
Panthapara Union (Bengali: পান্থপাড়া ইউনিয়ন) is a union parishad of Maheshpur Upazila, in Jhenaidah District, Khulna Division of Bangladesh. The union has an area of 88.86 square kilometres (34.31 sq mi) and as of 2001 had a population of 19,315. There are 12 villages and 13 mouzas in the union.

Khulna Division
Khulna Division (Bengali: খুলনা বিভাগ) is the second largest of the eight divisions of Bangladesh. It has an area of 22,285 km2 (8,604 sq mi) and a population of 17,416,645 at the 2022 Bangladesh census (preliminary returns). Its headquarters and largest city is Khulna city in Khulna District.
Louis Aleno de Saint-Aloüarn
Louis Francois Marie Aleno de Saint Aloüarn (French pronunciation: [lwi fʁɑ̃swa maʁi aleno də sɛ̃t ͜ alwaʁn]; 25 July 1738 – 27 October 1772) was a French Navy officer and explorer who claimed French Western Australia.

St Aloüarn made the first formal European claim of sovereignty — on behalf of France — over the west coast of Australia, which was known at the time as "New Holland". Much of this west coast had already been charted by other mariners from the Netherlands, following a landing by Dirk Hartog in 1616, who left a commemorative plaque recording his visit. James Cook, in 1770, had charted and claimed the east coast for Britain. When St Aloüarn visited New Holland in 1772, neither British nor Dutch officials had issued a formal claim over this western part of New Holland. However, the French claim over Western Australia was never secured by a permanent settlement.

Exploration
Exploration is the process of exploring, an activity which has some expectation of discovery. Organised exploration is largely a human activity, but exploratory activity is common to most organisms capable of directed locomotion and the ability to learn, and has been described in, amongst others, social insects foraging behaviour, where feedback from returning individuals affects the activity of other members of the group.
Gyula Zsengellér
Gyula Zsengellér (27 December 1915 – 29 March 1999) was a Hungarian footballer who played as a striker. A historic player of Újpest FC, he scored 387 goals in the Hungarian league between 1935 and 1947, making him the league's third-highest goalscorer of all-time. He was also a member of the Hungary national team that reached the final of the 1938 FIFA World Cup, being the tournament's second-highest scorer. Zsengellér also was the last surviving player of the Hungarian side that played the 1938 World Cup final.

After finishing his playing career, he worked as a coach for several clubs in Italy and Cyprus, guiding Pezoporikos Larnaca to a championship title and APOEL FC to a cup.

Cypriot Cup
The Cypriot Cup, formally known as the Cypriot Coca-Cola Cup of First and Second Division (Greek: Κύπελλο Κύπρου Coca-Cola A' B' Κατηγορίας) for sponsorship purposes, is a Cypriot knockout football club competition, hosted annually by the Cyprus Football Association.

First held in 1934, it is the second most important competition in Cypriot football, after the Cypriot First Division. Since 2008, it is contested by teams from the first and second division, while teams from the third and fourth division compete in the Cypriot Cup for lower divisions.

The winners of the Cypriot Cup qualify for one of UEFA's European competitions, and a place in the Cypriot Super Cup. APOEL are the most successful team in the competition with 21 titles. AEK Larnaca FC are the current champions, having defeated the previous champions Pafos FC in the 2024–25 Final.
A Full House (film)
A Full House is a 1920 American silent comedy film directed by James Cruze and written by Alice Eyton based upon the 1915 Broadway play of the same name by Frederick J. Jackson. The film stars Bryant Washburn, Lois Wilson, Guy Milham, Hazel Howell, Vera Lewis, and Beverly Travers. The film was released on October 24, 1920, by Paramount Pictures. It is not known whether the film currently survives, which suggests that it is a lost film.

James Cruze
James Cruze (born Jens Cruz Bosen; March 27, 1884 – August 3, 1942) was a silent film actor and film director.

James Cruze is best known today among film buffs as the director of the epic silent Western The Covered Wagon.
Vasily Kosyakov
Vasily Antonovich Kosyakov (Russian: Василий Антонович Косяков; 1862 – 5 September 1921) was a Russian Imperial architect and a specialist of the Neo-Russian and Neo-Byzantine architecture in the Russian Empire. He was the author of the projects of St Vladimir's Cathedral, Astrakhan, the Church of Our Lady the Merciful, Saint Petersburg, Kronstadt Naval Cathedral, St. Nicholas Naval Cathedral in Alexander III Harbour in Libau (now Karosta, Liepāja), the Church of the Dormition of the Mother of God, Saint Petersburg, and others.

He is buried at Novodevichy Cemetery, in Saint Petersburg.

Novodevichy Cemetery (Saint Petersburg)
Novodevichy Cemetery (Russian: Новодевичье кладбище) in Saint Petersburg is a historic cemetery in the south-west part of the city near the Moscow Triumphal Gate. The cemetery is named after the historical Resurrection (Novodevichy) Convent. In the 19th century it was the second most prestigious cemetery after the Tikhvin Cemetery in the Alexander Nevsky Monastery.
Joe Capilano
Joe Capilano (c. 1854–1910), also known as Capiano Joe, was a leader of the Squamish from 1895 to 1910, who was called Sa7plek (Sahp-luk). He fought for the recognition of native rights and lifestyle.

He spent his youth fishing and hunting and was famous for fighting against the wildly invading Lekwiltok warriors from the Kwakwaka'wakw Territory. He went to work in the sawmill at Moodyville, a pioneer settlement in what is now the Lower Lonsdale area of the city of North Vancouver.

In 1906, he, along with Cowichan Chief Charley Isipaymilt and Secwepemc Chief Basil David, traveled to Ottawa, then after that, London, to meet with King of Canada Edward VII to speak of the need to settle land claims in British Columbia. The Chief also asked for the ban against potlatches to be lifted. Joe Capilano died of tuberculosis in 1910.

Secwépemc
The Secwépemc (/ʃəxhwɛpˈmɪx/ shəkh-whep-MIKH; Secwepemctsín: [ʃəˈxʷɛpməx] or [səˈxʷɛpməx]), also known by the exonym Shuswap (/ˈʃuːʃwɑːp/ SHOOSH-wahp), are a First Nations people residing in the interior of British Columbia in Canada. They speak Secwepemctsín or Shuswap, an Interior Salish language.

Secwepemcúĺecw, the traditional territory or country of the Shuswap people, ranges from the eastern Chilcotin Plateau, bordering Tŝilhqot'in Country, and the Cariboo Plateau southeast through Thompson Country to Kamloops. It spans the Selkirk Mountains and Big Bend of the Columbia River to include the northern part of the Columbia Valley region. Their historical territory covers approximately 145,000 square kilometres. Traditionally, they depended on hunting, trading and fishing to support their communities.
Dolan's
Dolan's is a music and entertainment venue and pub in Limerick, Ireland. Situated on the city's Dock Road, it opened as a music venue in 1994. Inside the building is located three separate venues: Dolan's Warehouse, Upstairs and the Kasbah.

The Irish Music Rights Organisation gave Dolans its "Live Music Venue of the Year" award in 2014 and 2015.

Dolan's has also hosted professional wrestling events, such as Over the Top Wrestling shows.

Irish Music Rights Organisation
The Irish Music Rights Organisation (IMRO) is a national performance rights organisation based in Ireland. It administers the performing right in copyright music on behalf of its members (who are Irish songwriters, composers and music publishers) and on behalf of the songwriters, composers and music publishers of the international overseas societies that are affiliated to it. As of December 2022, IMRO had over 17,000 members.
Village (Taiwan)
Villages are the basic level administrative subdivisions of the Republic of China, under townships, county-administered cities or districts. There are two types of villages depending on the divisions it belongs to.

District (Taiwan)
Districts are administrative subdivisions of Taiwan's special municipalities of the second level and provincial cities of the third level formerly under its provinces. There are two types of district in the administrative scheme:

Ordinary districts are governed directly by the municipality/city government, with district administrators appointed by mayors to four-year terms. The mountain indigenous district is a local government body with elected district chiefs as well as district council serving four-year terms.
Torkel Wetterhus
Torkel Wetterhus (born 29 June 1944) is a Norwegian businessperson and politician.

A forester by education, he works as a farmer. He has been chairman of the board of Sparebanken NOR in Buskerud and of Norske Skog, and a member of the board of the DnB NOR Savings Bank Foundation, Sparebanken NOR nationwide, Gjensidige NOR, the Norwegian Agrarian Association and the Norwegian Forest Owners Association.

As a politician he is a former deputy mayor of Nore og Uvdal municipality and member of Buskerud county council. He was a member of the Conservative Party from 1971, but left the party in 2004. He later joined the Centre Party.

Gjensidige NOR
Gjensidige NOR was a Norwegian bank and insurance company that was in existence between 1999 and 2003. The company was created when the two savings banks Sparebanken NOR (bank) and Gjensidige (insurance) were merged in 1999. In 2002 Norwegian savings banks were allowed to become public limited company and was listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange. In 2003 the company was merged with Den norske Bank to form DnB NOR, while the original insurance company Gjensidige was demerged and again became a separate company in 2005.

When the company was made a public limited company, a foundation was created to own part of the corporation, which still exists as Sparebankstiftelsen DnB NOR and owns 10.95% of DnB NOR. After the demerger, Gjensidige became a self-owning institution.
Terje Mærli
Terje Mærli (born 24 December 1940) is a Norwegian playwright, stage director and theatre director.

He was born in Oslo to Steffen Mærli and Inga Lysew. He was stage instructor at the Oslo Nye Teater from 1970 to 1976, at Fjernsynsteatret from 1976 to 1986, and Nationaltheatret from 1987 to 1992. He was theatre director at Trøndelag Teater from 1993 to 1997. He received the Amanda Award for the television movie Du kan da ikke bare gå in 1986, and for Fugleelskerne in 1989. He was awarded the Norwegian Theatre Critics Award in 1988.

Fjernsynsteatret
Fjernsynsteatret (transl. The Television Theatre) was a department of the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation (NRK) that produced plays for television broadcasting. It opened in 1960 (after about a year of experimental operation) and operated until a major reorganisation of NRK occurred in 1990.

Its first leader was Arild Brinchmann, who headed the theatre from its start until 1967. Later directors were Tore Breda Thoresen from 1967 to 1980 and Magne Bleness from 1980 to 1990.

Fjernsynsteatret's first production was a play by Peter Brook, shown on April 8, 1959. During its first years, the theatre developed between twenty and twenty-five productions annually, and the performances were broadcast directly. Later developments saw a merge between theatre and film; the productions became more expensive, and the number of productions decreased significantly.

The theatre was replaced by NRK Drama in 1990.
Björke boat
The Björke boat, or Hille boat (Swedish: Björkebåten, Hillebåten), is a prehistoric boat from Björke, in the Hille district of Gävle Municipality, Sweden, dated to around 320 AD (± 70 years), and buried around 400 AD. It was found during a cleanup of a canal in the fall of 1947, and is, together with the Nydam boat from Denmark (ca 320 AD), some of the earliest examples of clinker boat building in the world.

It can be viewed at the Gävleborg County museum in their permanent exhibition.

Gävle Municipality
Gävle Municipality (Swedish: Gävle kommun) is a municipality in east central Sweden. The municipal seat is located in the Stad (city) of  Gävle.

Geographically the municipality is situated north of the mouth of the river Dalälven and is the southernmost municipality of the historical land of Norrland.

The present municipality was created in 1971, when the City of Gävle was amalgamated with four surrounding rural municipalities. All of them were original entities, instituted as municipalities by the local government acts of 1862. The area had not been affected by the national subdivision reform in 1952.
Saeed Shahram
Saeed Shahram (Persian: سعید شهرام; born 1961) is a noted composer with over 60 feature-length movie soundtracks to his credit since 1983. His accomplishments include awards for the film "Two Sides of a Coin" and "Abadanies", the latter winning the prize for Best Film at the 1994 International Film Festival in Locarno, Switzerland. He studied composition, electronic music, and completed Dastgah under Mr. Pour Torab and Master Karimi in 1983. He has been composing full-time since then. Shahram moved to the United States in 1994 and has been traveling back to Iran periodically, especially since 2006, to compose a variety of scores for award-winning films, such as "Lonesome Trees" director Saeed Ebrahimefar. Currently, Shahram has several scores for film and television projects in production. He resides in Seattle, Washington and has been serving on the board of the Seattle Composers Alliance since 2001. He is also a member of ASCAP. He recently have moved to San Rafael, California.

Dastgāh
Dastgāh (/dæstˈɡɑː/; Persian: دستگاه, Classical: [dastˈɡɑːh], Iran: [dæstˈɡɒː(h)]) is the standard musical system in Persian art music, standardised in the 19th century following the transition of Persian music from the Maqam modal system.

A dastgāh consists of a collection of musical melodies, gushehs. In a song played in a given dastgah, a musician starts with an introductory gusheh, and then meanders through various different gushehs, evoking different moods. Many gushehs in a given dastgah are related to an equivalent musical mode in Western music.

For example, most gushehs in Dastgāh-e Māhur correspond to the Ionian mode in the Major scale, whilst most gushehs in Dastgāh-e Shur correspond to the Phrygian mode.

In spite of 50 or more extant dastgāhs, 12 are most commonly played, with Dastgāh-e Šur and Dastgāh-e Māhur being referred to as the mothers of all dastgahs.
Pyropyxis
Pyropyxis is a genus of fungi in the family Pyronemataceae. It was circumscribed in 1984 by Keith Egger, to contain the single species Pyropyxis rubra. This species was originally described by Charles Horton Peck in 1872 as a species of Peziza. The genus name, said to be derived from the Greek word for "fire" (pyros) and the Latin word pyxis, refers to the segregation of this species from the genus Geopyxis. The proper word in ancient Greek for "fire" is however pyr (πῦρ).

Fruit bodies of the fungus are cup shaped, with a pink to reddish-orange color. Pyropyxis rubra has a Dichobotrys anamorph. The species is found in North America, where it grows as a saprophyte on burned forest litter in both mixed and deciduous forests.

Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests
Temperate broadleaf and mixed forest is a temperate climate terrestrial habitat type defined by the World Wide Fund for Nature, with broadleaf tree ecoregions, and with conifer and broadleaf tree mixed coniferous forest ecoregions, and include temperate rainforests.

These forests are richest and most distinctive in central China and eastern North America, with some other globally distinctive ecoregions in the Himalayas, Western and Central Europe, the southern coast of the Black Sea, Australasia, Southwestern South America and the Russian Far East.
The New Republic (novel)
The New Republic or Culture, Faith and Philosophy in an English Country House by English author William Hurrell Mallock (1849–1923) is a novel first published by Chatto and Windus of London in 1877. The work had its genesis as a serialization. In June–December 1876 it appeared as a series of sketches in Belgravia magazine.

Republic (Plato)
The Republic (Ancient Greek: Πολιτεία, romanized: Politeia; Latin: De Republica) is a Socratic dialogue authored by Plato around 375 BC, concerning justice (dikaiosúnē), the order and character of the just city-state, and the just man. It is Plato's best-known work, and one of the world's most influential works of philosophy and political theory, both intellectually and historically.

In the dialogue, Socrates discusses with various Athenians and foreigners the meaning of justice and whether the just man is happier than the unjust man. He considers the natures of existing regimes and then proposes a series of hypothetical cities in comparison, culminating in Kallipolis (Καλλίπολις), a utopian city-state ruled by a class of philosopher-kings. They also discuss ageing, love, theory of forms, the immortality of the soul, and the role of the philosopher and of poetry in society. The dialogue's setting seems to be the time of the Peloponnesian War.
Zhan catalyst
A Zhan catalyst is a type of ruthenium-based organometallic complex used in olefin metathesis. This class of chemicals is named after the chemist who first synthesized them, Zheng-Yun J. Zhan.

These catalysts are ruthenium complexes with functionally substituted alkoxybenzylidene carbene ligands, which can be chemically bonded to the surface of resins, PEG chains, and polymers. Like the structurally similar Hoveyda-Grubbs catalyst, they contain an isopropoxystyrene moiety, but include an extra electron-withdrawing sulfonamide group attached to the carbon para to the phenol oxygen. Of the three catalysts, Zhan Catalyst-1B and -1C both contain a dimethylsulfonamide moiety attached to the aryl ring, while Zhan Catalyst-II is connected to a resin via a sulfonamide linker.

Olefin metathesis
In organic chemistry, olefin metathesis or alkene metathesis is an organic reaction that entails the redistribution of fragments of alkenes (olefins) by the breaking and regeneration of carbon-carbon double bonds. Because of the relative simplicity of olefin metathesis, it often creates fewer undesired by-products and hazardous wastes than alternative organic reactions. For their elucidation of the reaction mechanism and their discovery of a variety of highly active catalysts, Yves Chauvin, Robert H. Grubbs, and Richard R. Schrock were collectively awarded the 2005 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
Validation and verification (medical devices)
Validation and verification are procedures that ensure that medical devices fulfil their intended purpose. Validation or verification is generally needed when a health facility acquires a new device to perform medical tests.

Medical test
A medical test is a  medical procedure performed to detect, diagnose, or monitor diseases, disease processes, susceptibility, or to determine a course of treatment. Medical tests such as, physical and visual exams, diagnostic imaging, genetic testing, chemical and cellular analysis, relating to clinical chemistry and molecular diagnostics, are typically performed in a medical setting.
Isolona zenkeri
Isolona zenkeri is a species of plant in the Annonaceae family. It is found in Cameroon, The Republic of the Congo and Gabon. Adolf Engler, the German botanist who first formally described the species, named it after Georg August Zenker who collected the sample Engler examined. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Annonaceae
The Annonaceae are a family of flowering plants consisting of trees, shrubs, or rarely lianas commonly known as the custard apple family or soursop family. With 108 accepted genera and about 2400 known species, it is the largest family in the Magnoliales. Several genera produce edible fruit, most notably Annona, Anonidium, Asimina, Rollinia, and Uvaria. Its type genus is Annona. The family is concentrated in the tropics, with few species found in temperate regions. About 900 species are Neotropical, 450 are Afrotropical, and the remaining are Indomalayan.
37th Dogras
The 37th (Prince of Wales's Own) Dogras was an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army. The regiment could trace its origins to 1887, when it was raised as the 37th (Dogra) Bengal Infantry.

The regiment took part in the Chitral Expedition in 1895 and World War I. During World War I the regiment was in the 14th Indian Division and took part in the Second Battle of Kut and the Capture of Baghdad during the Mesopotamia Campaign.

After World War I the Indian government reformed the army moving from single battalion infantry regiments to multi-battalion regiments. In 1922, the 37th Dogras became the 1st Battalion (Prince of Wales's Own), 17th Dogra Regiment. The regiment was allocated to the new Indian Army on independence.

Chitral Expedition
The Chitral Expedition (Urdu:چترال فوجی مہم) was a military expedition in 1895 sent by the British authorities to relieve the fort at Chitral, which was under siege after a local coup following the death of the old ruler. An intervening British force of about 400 men was besieged in the fort until it was relieved by two expeditions, a small one from Gilgit and a larger one from Peshawar.