hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Latin American Perspectives
Latin American Perspectives is a peer-reviewed academic journal associated with the University of California, Riverside that focuses on Latin American studies regarding capitalism, imperialism, socialism and their relation to political economy.

Imperialism
Imperialism is the maintaining and extending of power over foreign nations, particularly through expansionism, employing both hard power (military and economic power) and soft power (diplomatic power and cultural imperialism). Imperialism focuses on establishing or maintaining hegemony and a more formal empire.

While related to the concept of colonialism, imperialism is a distinct concept that can apply to other forms of expansion and many forms of government.
1981 St. Louis Cardinals (NFL) season
The 1981 St. Louis Cardinals season was the 62nd season the franchise was in the league. The team improved on their previous output of 5–11, winning seven games. Despite the improvement the team failed for the sixth consecutive season to reach the playoffs.

After a 3–7 start, including a horrendous 52–10 loss to the Eagles on November 8, Head Coach Jim Hanifan benched Jim Hart for Neil Lomax.  The team would win four of its last six games.

1980 St. Louis Cardinals (NFL) season
The 1980 St. Louis Cardinals season was the 61st season the team was in the league. The team matched their previous output of 5–11. The team failed to reach the playoffs for the fifth consecutive season.
Minds and Machines
Minds and Machines is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering artificial intelligence, philosophy, and cognitive science.

The journal was established in 1991 with James Henry Fetzer as founding editor-in-chief. It was published by Kluwer Academic Publishers but was taken over by Springer in 2021 (Springer Science+Business Media). The journal affiliates with the Society for Machines and Mentality, a special interest group within the International Association for Computing and Philosophy. The current editor-in-chief is Mariarosaria Taddeo (University of Oxford).

Mariarosaria Taddeo
Mariarosaria Taddeo is an Italian philosopher working on the ethics of digital technologies. She is Professor of Digital Ethics and Defence Technologies at the Oxford Internet Institute, University of Oxford. Between 2021 and 2025 she was Dstl (Defence science and technology lab) Ethics Fellow at the Alan Turing Institute, London. She is the author of 'The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence in Defence' (Oxford University Press, 2024).
Kiss Them for Me (play)
Kiss Them for Me is a play by Luther Davis. It was staged on Broadway in 1945 and is based on Frederic Wakeman Sr.'s 1944 novel entitled Shore Leave. The play ran for 110 performances. Opening at the Belasco Theatre on March 20, 1945, it closed at the Fulton Theatre on June 23 of the same year.

Fulton Theatre
The Fulton Theatre was a Broadway theatre located at 210 West 46th Street in Manhattan, New York City, that was opened in 1911. It was renamed the Helen Hayes Theatre in 1955. The theatre was demolished in 1982. After the former Little Theatre on 44th Street became the current Helen Hayes Theatre, the Fulton Theatre was sometimes referred to as the First Helen Hayes Theatre.
Semigorye
Semigorye (Russian: Семигорье) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Semigorye, Ivanovo Oblast, a village in Vichugsky District of Ivanovo Oblast; 57°23′N 41°49′E﻿ / ﻿57.383°N 41.817°E﻿ / 57.383; 41.817

Semigorye, Vologda Oblast, a village in Kipelovsky Selsoviet of Vologodsky District in Vologda Oblast

Ivanovo Oblast
Ivanovo Oblast (Russian: Ива́новская о́бласть, romanized: Ivanovskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). It had a population of 927,828 as of the 2021 Russian Census.

Its three largest cities are Ivanovo (the administrative center), Kineshma, and Shuya. The principal center of tourism is Plyos. The Volga River flows through the northern part of the oblast.
Argolis, Ontario
Argolis is an unincorporated place and railway point in geographic Hayward Township, in the Unorganized North part of Algoma District in northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is on the Canadian National Railway transcontinental railway main line between the railway points of Fire River to the west and Peterbell to the east, has a passing track, and is passed but not served by Via Rail transcontinental Canadian trains. Argolis is on an unnamed right tributary of the Greenhill River, itself a tributary of the Missinaibi River, and is named for the Greek region of Argolis.

Township (Canada)
The term township, in Canada, is generally a district or area associated with a town or other locality. The specific use of the term to describe political subdivisions has varied across the country, usually to describe a local rural or semirural government.

In Eastern Canada, a township is one form of the subdivision of a county. In Quebec, the term is canton in French.
Keith Perry (politician)
Warren "Keith" Perry (born December 3, 1958) is a Republican former member of the Florida Senate, representing the 9th district, encompassing Alachua, Putnam, and part of Marion County in North Central Florida, from 2016 to 2024. He also served in the Florida House of Representatives, representing the 22nd district from 2010 to 2012 and the 21st district from 2012 to 2016.

Putnam County, Florida
Putnam County is a county located in the northern part of the state of Florida. As of the 2020 census, its population was 73,321. Its county seat is Palatka. Putnam County comprises the Palatka, Florida micropolitan statistical area, which is included in the Jacksonville—Kingsland—Palatka, Florida—Georgia combined statistical area. The county is centrally located between Jacksonville, Gainesville, St. Augustine, and Daytona Beach.
Antero Resources
Antero Resources Corporation is an American company engaged in hydrocarbon exploration. It is organized in Delaware and headquartered in Denver, Colorado. The company's reserves are entirely in the Appalachian Basin (92% were in the Marcellus Shale and 8% were in the Utica Shale) and are extracted using hydraulic fracturing.

As of December 31, 2021, the company had 17,729 billion cubic feet (502 billion cubic meters) of estimated proved reserves, of which 61% was natural gas, 21% was ethane, 17% was natural gas liquids, and 1% was petroleum.

The company is ranked 672nd on the Fortune 500.

Marcellus Formation
The Marcellus Formation or the Marcellus Shale is a Middle Devonian age unit of sedimentary rock found in eastern North America.  Named for a distinctive outcrop near the village of Marcellus, New York,
it extends throughout much of the Appalachian Basin.

The unit name usage by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) includes Marcellus Shale and Marcellus Formation.  The term "Marcellus Shale" is the preferred name throughout most of the Appalachian region, although the term "Marcellus Formation" is also acceptable within the State of Pennsylvania. The unit was first described and named as the "Marcellus shales" by J. Hall in 1839.
Japanese patrol vessel Mizuho
The Japanese patrol boat Mizuho is a PLH type patrol vessels of the Japan Coast Guard. She is only ship in her class: the construction of a second ship was planned originally, but has not been achieved as of 2020 due to the start of construction of the Shunkō class and Reimei class.

Japan Coast Guard
The Japan Coast Guard (Japanese: 海上保安庁, Hepburn: Kaijō Hoan-chō) is the coast guard responsible for the protection of the coastline of Japan under the oversight of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. It consists of about 13,700 personnel. The Japan Coast Guard was founded in 1948 as the Maritime Safety Agency and received its current English name in 2000.

The motto of the Japan Coast Guard is "Righteous Benevolence" (正義仁愛, Seigi Jin'ai).
Goodlife (song)
"Goodlife" is a song by Swedish singer Agnes. It was released on 7 February 2020 through Senga. The song did not enter the Swedish Singles Chart, but peaked to number five on the Sweden Heatseeker Songs. The song was written by Agnes Carlsson, Cathy Dennis, Salem Al Fakir, Vincent Pontare and produced by Vargas & Lagola.

Vargas & Lagola
Vargas & Lagola is a Swedish songwriting and production duo of Vincent Pontare and Salem Al Fakir.

They worked with many artists, including Avicii, Axwell & Ingrosso, David Guetta, Galantis, Madonna and Seinabo Sey. In addition to their songwriting and production work, they release alternative pop music.
Richard Thomas (Royal Navy officer)
Admiral Sir William Richard Scott Thomas, KCB, KCVO, OBE (22 March 1932 – 13 December 1998) was a senior Royal Navy officer and the Gentleman Usher of the Black Rod (or simply Black Rod) in the British Parliament's House of Lords from January 1992 to 8 May 1995.

Admiral (Royal Navy)
Admiral (Adm) is a senior rank of the Royal Navy, which equates to the NATO rank code OF-9, outranked only by the rank of admiral of the fleet. Royal Navy officers holding the ranks of rear admiral, vice admiral and admiral of the fleet are sometimes considered generically to be admirals. The rank of admiral is currently the highest rank to which a serving officer in the Royal Navy can be promoted, admiral of the fleet being in abeyance except for honorary promotions of retired officers and members of the royal family.

The equivalent rank in the British Army and Royal Marines is general; and in the Royal Air Force, it is air chief marshal.
Hassan Zareer
Hassan Zareer (1935–18 August 2001) was a Maldivian politician and engineer who served as the vice president of the Maldives from June 1976 to January 1977. He was also a member of the royal family of the Maldives, as the grandson of Muhammad Shamsuddeen III.

Zareer was Vice President of the Maldives in the administration of former President Ibrahim Nasir. He was one of the 5 Vice Presidents from 7 June 1976 to 6 January 1977.

In addition to the post of Vice President, Zareer served as a member of the parliament. He also held the posts of Minister of Education, Minister of Transport, Minister of Trade, and Minister of Provincial Affairs.

Zareer was married to Fathimath Jameel, and had four children, including Zahiya Zareer.

Ministry of Education (Maldives)
The Ministry of Education is the Maldivian government sector responsible for education and providing public schools with funding necessary for the education institutions. Incumbent Minister is Dr. Ismail Shafeeu

The Ministry of Education directs the formulation and implementation of education policies. It has control of the development and administration of the Government and Government-aided primary schools, secondary schools, junior colleges, and a centralized institute. It also registers private schools.

It was introduced in 1965 shortly after the Independence of Maldives from the British. The Maldivian education system was revolutionized after the introduction of the MOE.

A survey of Maldives Schools in 1992 showed that the total number of pupils in Maldives was 73,642 and the number of government and private schools were 32,475 and 41,167 respectively.
Sang-won
Sang-won is a Korean given name.

People with this name include:

Oh Sangwon (1930–1985), South Korean journalist

Sang Won Park (born 1950), South Korean-born American traditional Korean musician

Park Sang-won (born 1959), South Korean actor

Gwon Sang-won (born 1969), South Korean swimmer

Jang Sang-won (born 1977), South Korean football midfielder (K-League Classic)

Back Sang-won (born 1988), South Korean baseball player (Korea Baseball Organization)

Kim Sang-won (born 1992), South Korean football defender (K-League Classic)

Sang Won Kang, South Korean biologist

Park Sang-won
Park Sang-won (Korean: 박상원; born April 5, 1959) is a South Korean actor. He is best known for starring in four of the highest-rating Korean dramas of all time, Eyes of Dawn (1991), Sandglass (1995), First Love (1996), and You and I (1997).
HD 101930
HD 101930, also known as GJ 3683, is an orange hued star with an orbiting exoplanet located in the southern constellation Centaurus. It has an apparent magnitude of 8.21, making it faintly visible in binoculars but not to the naked eye. The system is located relatively close at a distance of 98 light years but is receding with a heliocentric radial velocity of 18.4 km/s. It has a relatively large proper motion, traversing the celestial sphere with an angular velocity of 0.320″·yr−1.

High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher
The High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS) is a high-precision echelle planet-finding spectrograph installed in 2002 on the ESO's 3.6m telescope at La Silla Observatory in Chile. The first light was achieved in February 2003. HARPS has discovered over 130 exoplanets to date, with the first one in 2004, making it the most successful planet finder behind the Kepler space telescope. It is a second-generation radial-velocity spectrograph, based on experience with the ELODIE and CORALIE instruments.
John Cheverell
John Cheverell (before 1381 – after 1439), of Chilfrome, Chantmarle and Upper Sturthill, Dorset, was an English politician and lawyer.

His wife was Joan Chantmarle, daughter and coheiress of John Chantmarle of East Stoke and Chantmarle. They had one son, the MP, Walter Cheverell.

He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Wareham in 1406 and for Dorchester in 1407.

Dorchester (UK Parliament constituency)
Dorchester was a parliamentary constituency centred on the town of Dorchester in Dorset.  It returned two Members of Parliament to the House of Commons of England, Great Britain and House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1295 to 1868, when its representation was reduced to one member.

The constituency was abolished by the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, after which Dorchester was placed in the new Dorset South constituency.  In 1918 it was transferred to Dorset West, where it has remained since.
Indubil
Indubil is a slang spoken in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It has been noted since around the sixties - musician Sam Mangwana mentions its use in lyrics before the seventies. Indubil was originally rooted in Lingala but in its continued evolution it has given birth to Kindubile, the youth with the language in Katanga which uses Swahili as its matrix language.

As of 2010, Indubil is a lively slang and continues to evolve.

Sam Mangwana
Sam Mangwana (born 21 February 1945), is a Congolese-born musician, born to Angolan parents. He was the frontman of his bands Festival des Maquisards and African All Stars. Mangwana was a member of François Luambo Makiadi's seminal band TPOK Jazz, and Tabu Ley Rochereau's bands African Fiesta, African Fiesta National and Afrisa International.
Patrick Carter (American football)
Patrick Carter (born February 6, 1985) is an American former professional football wide receiver. He was signed by the Baltimore Ravens as an undrafted free agent in 2008. He played college football at Louisville.

Carter was also a member of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Seattle Seahawks, Denver Broncos, Hartford Colonials, Miami Dolphins, and Toronto Argonauts.

He is the younger brother of former New York Giants wide receiver Tim Carter and his cousin, Stan Wilcox, is the NCAA Executive Vice President of Regulatory Affairs, Dwight Gooden whos number 16 was retired by th Mets in 2024, Gary Sheffield nephew of Dwight Gooden, baseball Hall of Fame consideration.

Louisville Cardinals football
The Louisville Cardinals football team represents the University of Louisville in the sport of American football. The Cardinals compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and compete in the Atlantic Coast Conference.
Pestana Equador
0°0′19″S 6°31′35″E﻿ / ﻿0.00528°S 6.52639°E﻿ / -0.00528; 6.52639

The Pestana Equador is a beach resort on the Ilhéu das Rolas, at the southern tip of São Tomé and Príncipe. It is owned and operated by the Pestana Group of hotels and resorts.  It is one of the very few resorts on Earth that crosses the equator and lies in two hemispheres.  The area forms the settlement of Ilhéu das Rolas.

The resort lies just north of the equator, and is 60 km from the capital city, São Tomé. The resort can only be accessed by boat, departing from Ponta Baleia on the island of São Tomé.  It is in the area in that portion the very tiniest part of the country being in the Southern Hemisphere.

The resort has a monument of the marcation of the equator, right on the equator marking the division of the northern and the southern hemispheres, southwest of the resort.

São Tomé
São Tomé is the capital and largest city of the Central African island country of São Tomé and Príncipe. Its name is Portuguese for "Saint Thomas". Founded in the 15th century, it is one of Africa's oldest colonial cities.
9 Hydrae
9 Hydrae is a single star in the equatorial constellation of Hydra, located 205 light years away from the Sun. It is visible to the naked eye as a faint, yellow-orange hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.87. This body is moving closer to the Sun with a heliocentric radial velocity of −2 km/s.

This is an aging giant star with a stellar classification of K0 III CNII, where the suffix notation indicates an overabundance of cyanogen in the spectrum. It is a red clump giant, which indicates it is on the horizontal branch and is generating energy through helium fusion at its core. The star has 1.7 times the mass of the Sun but, as a consequence of evolving away from the main sequence, its envelope has swollen to 11 times the Sun's radius. It is radiating 54 times the luminosity of the Sun from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,688 K.

Giant star
A giant star has a substantially larger radius and luminosity than a main-sequence (or dwarf) star of the same surface temperature. They lie above the main sequence (luminosity class V in the Yerkes spectral classification) on the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram and correspond to luminosity classes II and III. The terms giant and dwarf were coined for stars of quite different luminosity despite similar temperature or spectral type (namely K and M) by Ejnar Hertzsprung in 1905 or 1906.

Giant stars have radii up to a few hundred times the Sun and luminosities over 10  times that of the Sun. Stars still more luminous than giants are referred to as supergiants and hypergiants.

A hot, luminous main-sequence star may also be referred to as a giant, but any main-sequence star is properly called a dwarf, regardless of how large and luminous it is.
Vincent Grantham
Vincent Grantham (by 1496 – 1550), of Goltho and Lincoln, was an English Member of Parliament.

He was born the eldest son of Edward Grantham of Lincoln and educated in the Law at Lincoln's Inn (1510).

He was elected Mayor of Lincoln for 1527–28 and 1541–42 and a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Lincoln in 1529 and 1536.

He married three times and had 3 sons and 6 daughters. His eldest son was Thomas Grantham, also an MP and Mayor of Lincoln.

Goltho
Goltho is a hamlet in the West Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. The population (including Bullington) was 157 at the 2011 census. It is situated 1 mile (1.6 km) south-west from Wragby, and 0.5 miles (0.8 km) south from the A158 road.

Wragby and Goltho Limewood Walk, through one of the Lincolnshire Limewoods national nature reserves, passes Goltho Hall, Goltho Chapel and Goltho deserted medieval village.
Boatman (surname)
Boatman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Barny Boatman (born 1956), English professional poker player

Ellie Boatman (born 1997), English rugby union player

Jeff Boatman (born 1967), American politician

Michael Boatman (born 1964), American actor

Peter Boatman, former British police officer

Ross Boatman (born 1964), English RADA-trained actor

Shannon Boatman (born 1984), American football player (played in both Canada and US)

Wes Boatman (born ?), American television composer

Jeff Boatman
Jeff Boatman (born December 2, 1967) is an American politician who served in the Oklahoma House of Representatives representing the 67th district, including parts of Bixby and Tulsa, from 2018 to 2024.
Endothelial stem cell
Endothelial stem cells (ESCs) are one of three types of stem cells found in bone marrow. They are multipotent, which describes the ability to give rise to many cell types, whereas a pluripotent stem cell can give rise to all types. ESCs have the characteristic properties of a stem cell: self-renewal and differentiation. These parent stem cells, ESCs, give rise to progenitor cells, which are intermediate stem cells that lose potency. Progenitor stem cells are committed to differentiating along a particular cell developmental pathway. ESCs will eventually produce endothelial cells (ECs), which create the thin-walled endothelium that lines the inner surface of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels. The blood vessels include arteries and veins. Endothelial cells can be found throughout the whole vascular system and they also play a vital role in the movement of white blood cells

Vascularisation
Vascularisation or neovascularization (neo- + vascular + -ization) is the physiological process through which blood vessels form in tissues or organs.

Growth factors that inhibit neovascularization include those that affect endothelial cell division and differentiation. These growth factors often act in a paracrine or autocrine fashion; they include fibroblast growth factor, placental growth factor, insulin-like growth factor, hepatocyte growth factor, and platelet-derived endothelial growth factor.

It may occur through angiogenesis (the formation of new blood vessels form from pre-existing ones), vasculogenesis (the creation of blood vessels during development, particularly in embryos) or arteriogenesis (where smaller vessels become enlarged into fully functioning arteries).
CSS-10 (aircraft)
The CSS-10 was a single-engine two-seat Polish training aircraft of the 1940s. It was a low-wing monoplane with a fixed conventional landing gear. Two prototypes were built, flying in 1948 and 1949, but while a production series of 40 aircraft was planned, a reorganisation of the Polish aircraft industry meant that production did not occur.

Walter Minor
The Walter Minor is a family of four- and six-cylinder inverted inline air-cooled engines, developed under auspices of ing. Šimůnek and used on light aircraft.  First produced in 1929, the Minor engines' family has an advanced design for the period and sports steel cylinders, aluminum heads and overhead valves, with identical bore and stroke of 105 mm (4.1 in) and 115 mm (4.5 in), respectively. Typical power ratings varied from 105 to 160 hp (78 to 119 kW).

After Walter concentrated on the turbine powerplants only, the production of piston engines has been transferred to the Avia company that further developed the family, bringing fuel injection, as the Avia M-137 and M-337. Nowadays the smallest of the family, the four-cylinder carburetted Minor, is produced by a small company in the Czech Republic, while the M337 was available from the LOM Prague.
Charles E. Shannon Jr.
Charles Edward Shannon Jr. (August 31, 1943 – April 5, 2005) was a Massachusetts state senator. He represented the Second Middlesex district from 1991 until his death in 2005, first as a Republican and later as a Democrat. A resident of Winchester, Massachusetts, Shannon served as a Lexington policeman and a Winchester town official prior to serving in the state legislature.

Lexington, Massachusetts
Lexington is a suburban town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States, located 10 miles (16 km) from Downtown Boston. The population was 34,454 as of the 2020 census.  The area was originally inhabited by Native Americans, and was first settled by Europeans c. 1642 as a farming community. Lexington is well known as the site of the first shots of the American Revolutionary War, in the Battle of Lexington on April 19, 1775, where the "Shot heard 'round the world" took place. It is home to Minute Man National Historical Park.