hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Biernat
Biernat is a Polish-language surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Agata Biernat (born 1989), Polish beauty pageant titleholder

Andrzej Biernat (born 1960), Polish politician

Edmond Biernat (born 1939), French  footballer

Gertruda Biernat (1923–2016), Polish palaeontologist

Jarosław Biernat (1960–2019), Polish footballer

Len Biernat (born 1946), American politician

Monica Biernat, American social psychologist

Thaddeus Lewis Biernat (1918–1996), American businessman and politician

Gertruda Biernat
Gertruda Józefa Biernat (March 17, 1923 – March 1, 2016) was a Polish geologist and paleontologist. During World War II, she joined the Polish resistance, participating in the Warsaw Uprising. She is noted for her work in identifying and studying brachiopods of the Ordovician period of the Paleozoic Era, and several have been named in her honor. Biernat worked at institutions of the Polish Academy of Sciences, published major works on brachiopods, participating in paleontological expeditions internationally, including leading a series of expeditions in the Arctic.
2001 Speedway World Cup
The 2001 Speedway World Cup (SWC) was the 1st FIM Speedway World Cup season (and 42nd edition of a speedway team World Cup). The Final took place on 7 July 2008 in Wrocław, Poland. The tournament was won by Australia (68 points) and they beat host team Poland (65 pts), Sweden (51 pts), Denmark (44 pts) and United States (30 pts) in the Final.

United States national speedway team
The United States national speedway team are an international motorcycle speedway team governed by the American Motorcyclist Association. They compete in the major international speedway competitions, including the Speedway World Cup and Speedway of Nations and the former events the Speedway World Team Cup and the Speedway World Pairs Championship.
National Communication Authority (South Sudan)
The National Communication Authority is the national regulatory body responsible for managing the telecommunications, broadcasting, information and communications technology (ICT), and postal services sectors in the Republic of South Sudan. It operates under the mandate of the National Communication Act, 2012 and was officially launched in June 2015.

On Tuesday, May 13, 2025, Gieth Kon Mathiang Kun assumed the role of the Director General of the agency, a day after his appointment, through a Republic Decree to replace his predecessor, Adok Napoleon.

Mail
The mail or post is a system for physically transporting postcards, letters, and parcels. A postal service can be private or public, though many governments place restrictions on private systems. Since the mid-19th century, national postal systems have generally been established as a government monopoly, with a fee on the article prepaid. Proof of payment is usually in the form of an adhesive postage stamp, but a postage meter is also used for bulk mailing.

Postal authorities often have functions aside from transporting letters. In some countries, a postal, telegraph and telephone (PTT) service oversees the postal system, in addition to telephone and telegraph systems. Some countries' postal systems allow for savings accounts and handle applications for passports.

The Universal Postal Union (UPU), established in 1874, includes 192 member countries and sets the rules for international mail exchanges as a Specialized Agency of the United Nations.
Fartons
Fartons (Valencian: [faɾˈtons], in singular: fartó [faɾˈto]; Spanish: fartón [faɾˈton]) are confectionery sweets typical of the Valencian town of Alboraia, Spain. Elongated and glazed with sugar, they are made of flour, milk, sugar, oil, eggs, and a leavening agent.

This delicate and spongy sweet is made for dipping in orxata or horchata, a drink made of tiger nuts that is served cold. Fartóns are also eaten with hot beverages such as hot chocolate or caffè latte.

Grammatical number
In linguistics, grammatical number is a feature of nouns, pronouns, adjectives and verb agreement that expresses count distinctions (such as "one", "two" or "three or more"). English and many other languages present number categories of singular or plural. Some languages also have a dual, trial and paucal number or other arrangements.

The word "number" is also used in linguistics to describe the distinction between certain grammatical aspects that indicate the number of times an event occurs, such as the semelfactive aspect, the iterative aspect, etc. For that use of the term, see "Grammatical aspect".
Kalcat
Kalcat (Albanian definite form: Kalcati; Greek: Καλτσάτι/Καλτσάτες) is a village in the former commune of Livadhe, Vlorë County, southern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality of Finiq.

Communes of Albania
Communes (Albanian: komuna or komunat), officially known as administrative units (njësi administrative or njësitë administrative) or units of local administration, government, or governance (njësi të qeverisjes vendore or njësitë të qeverisjes vendore) since 2015, are the 373 third-level administrative divisions of Albania which serve as its local government. There are 12 counties and 61 municipalities above the administrative units and 2,972 villages below them.
Guido Ruggeri
Guido Ruggeri (active 1550s)  was an Italian engraver and to a lesser extent a painter. He was active in his native Bologna. He was a pupil of Francesco Francia, but went with Primaticcio to work with the School of Fontainebleau.

School of Fontainebleau
The School of Fontainbleau (French: École de Fontainebleau) (c. 1530 – c. 1610) refers to two periods of artistic production in France during the late French Renaissance centered on the royal Palace of Fontainebleau that were crucial in forming Northern Mannerism, and represent the first major production of Italian Mannerist art in France.

The "First School of Fontainebleau", much more important than the Second School at the end of the century, was based in the chateau from 1531 to 1547, after which some artists moved to Paris or elsewhere.
Choquet
Choquet is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Antoine Choquet de Lindu (1712–1790), French architect and military engineer

Daniel Choquet (born 1962), French neuroscientist

François-Hyacinthe Choquet (ca. 1580–1645), Dominican hagiographer and spiritual author in the Spanish Netherlands

Gustave Choquet (1915–2006), French mathematician

Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat (1923–2025), French mathematician and physicist

Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat
Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat (French: [ivɔn ʃɔkɛ bʁy.a] ⓘ; 29 December 1923 – 11 February 2025) was a French mathematical physicist now best remembered for her investigation of the mathematics of general relativity. Her proof that the Einstein field equations can be expressed as a well-posed initial-value problem was listed by the journal Classical and Quantum Gravity as one of thirteen "milestone" results in general relativity in an issue published in the centennial anniversary of its birth in 2015. She also studied non-Abelian gauge theory, relativistic hydrodynamics, and supergravity.

Choquet-Bruhat was the first woman to be elected to the French Academy of Sciences and was a Grand Officer of the Legion of Honour.
Carver High School (Pascagoula, Mississippi)
Carver High School was a public secondary school in Pascagoula, Mississippi. It served as the high school for black students until the public schools were integrated in 1971. The building stayed dormant until 2012, when it was reopened as the Aaron Jones Interactive Center, named after a longtime coach at Carver.

Secondary education in the United States
Secondary education is the last six or seven years of statutory formal education in the United States. It reaches the climax with twelfth grade (age 17–18). Whether it begins with sixth grade (age 11–12) or seventh grade (age 12–13) varies by state and sometimes by school district.

Secondary education in the United States occurs in two phases. The first, as classified by the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED), is the lower secondary phase, either called a middle school or junior high school. A middle school is for students sixth grade, seventh grade and eighth grade and a junior high school is only for students in seventh and eighth grade.

The second is the ISCED upper secondary phase, a high school or senior high school for students ninth grade through twelfth grade. There is some debate over the optimum age of transfer, and variation in some states; also, middle school often includes grades that are almost always considered primary school.
Julița
The Julița (Hungarian: Gyulica-patak) is a right tributary of the river Mureș in Romania. It discharges into the Mureș near the village Vărădia de Mureș. Its length is 25 km (16 mi) and its basin size is 78 km2 (30 sq mi).

Vărădia de Mureș
Vărădia de Mureș (colloquially Totvărădia, or "Slovak Vărădia"; Hungarian: Tótvárad; German: Waradia, Turkish: Varadiye) is a commune in Arad County, Romania. It stretches over approximately 12600 hectares, situated in the contact zone of Metaliferi Mountains and Zărandului Mountains, respectively partially in the large valley of the Mureș River. It is composed of six villages: Baia (Kisbaja), Julița (Gyulatő), Lupești (Farkasháza), Nicolae Bălcescu (Alsóköves), Stejar (Szarvaság) and Vărădia de Mureș (situated at 81 km from Arad).
Shaganappi, Calgary
Shaganappi is a residential neighbourhood in the southwest quadrant of Calgary, Alberta. It is located between 17 Avenue SW and the Bow River. The Shaganappi golf course is located north of the Bow Trail.

The name Shaganappi is of Cree origin, and was used as far back as 1870. The land was annexed to the City of Calgary in 1910 and Shaganappi was established as a neighbourhood in 1949. It is represented in the Calgary City Council by the Ward 8 councillor.

Residential area
A residential area is a land used in which housing predominates, as opposed to industrial and commercial areas.

Housing may vary significantly between, and through, residential areas. These include single-family housing, multi-family residential, or mobile homes. Zoning for residential use may permit some services or work opportunities or may totally exclude business and industry. It may permit high density land use or only permit low density uses.  Residential zoning usually includes a smaller FAR (floor area ratio) than business, commercial or industrial/manufacturing zoning. The area may be large or small.
Tosh (surname)
Tosh is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrew Tosh (born 1967), reggae singer, son of Peter

Daniel Tosh (born 1975), stand-up comedian and TV host

Donald Tosh (1935–2019), BBC screenwriter

Dwight Tosh (born 1948), American politician

George Tosh (1813–1900), Scottish engineer and metallurgist

J. R. Tosh (1872–1917), Scottish marine zoologist

John Tosh, British historian

Lawson C. Tosh (1879–?), American politician from Maryland

Murray Tosh (born 1950), Scottish politician

Paul Tosh (born 1973), Scottish football player

Peter Tosh (1944–1987), Jamaican reggae musician, The Wailers

Steve Tosh (born 1973), football player

Stuart Tosh (born 1951), drummer, songwriter and vocalist

Stuart Tosh
Stuart Mcbeath Tosh (born 26 September 1948) is a Scottish drummer, songwriter and vocalist. He recorded and toured with a succession of bands during the 1970s and 1980s, including Pilot, The Alan Parsons Project, 10cc, Camel, and Roger Daltrey.
Celia Mary Oakley
Celia Mary Oakley MRCS FRCP FESC (14 May 1931 – 17 November 2014) was a British cardiologist. She was one of the founding fellows of the European Society of Cardiology. Oakley was a recipient of the Laennec Master Clinician award and the Mackenzie medal.

European Society of Cardiology
The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) is an independent non-profit, non-governmental professional association that works to advance the prevention, diagnosis and management of diseases of the heart and blood vessels, and improve scientific understanding of the heart and vascular system. This is done by:

Disseminating evidence-based, scientific knowledge through courses, webinars, scientific journals, books and an annual cardiovascular congress.

Harmonising standards of care through the publication of ESC Clinical Practice Guidelines.

Shaping heart-health policy and regulation by fostering partnerships and providing scientific expertise and independent data.

Most of the approximately 100,000 ESC members are cardiologists, cardiovascular nurses and allied professionals wishing to increase their knowledge and update their skills.
The association adheres to the Alliance for Biomedical Research in Europe Code of Conduct.
RFA Appleleaf
Three ships of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary have borne the name RFA Appleleaf:

RFA Appleleaf (1916) was a Leaf-class tanker launched in 1916 as RFA Texol, renamed RFA Appleleaf in 1917 and broken up in 1947.

RFA Appleleaf (A83) was a Leaf-class tanker launched in 1955 as George Lyras. She was purchased by the RFA in 1959 and returned to her owners in 1970.

RFA Appleleaf (A79) was a Leaf-class tanker launched in 1975 as Hudson Cavalier and taken into service in 1979. She was leased to the Royal Australian Navy in 1989 as HMAS Westralia (O 195), and was sold to them in 1994.

Tanker (ship)
A tanker (or tank ship or tankship) is a ship designed to transport or store liquids or gases in bulk.  Major types of tanker ship include the oil tanker (or petroleum tanker), the chemical tanker, cargo ships, and a gas carrier. Tankers also carry commodities such as vegetable oils, citrus juice, molasses, and wine.

In the United States Navy and Military Sealift Command, a tanker used to refuel other ships is called an oiler (or replenishment oiler if it can also supply dry stores) but many other navies use the terms tanker and replenishment tanker.

Tankers were first developed in the late 19th century as iron and steel hulls and pumping systems were developed. As of 2005, there were just over 4,000 tankers and supertankers 10,000 LT DWT or greater operating worldwide.
2024 Sri Lanka floods
Between May and June 2024, heavy monsoon rains in Sri Lanka would lead to flash floods, mudslides, and falling trees across the western and southern parts of the island. The floods killed at least 16 people and affected 20 out of the country's 25 districts, with some areas reporting over 400 mm (16 in) of rain. At least five people were injured by mudslides in Ratnapura, over 12,000 homes were damaged, and over 6,000 people needed to be evacuated.

Mudflow
A mudflow, also known as mudslide or mud flow, is a form of mass wasting involving fast-moving flow of debris and dirt that has become liquified by the addition of water. Such flows can move at speeds ranging from three to five metres per second (9.8 to 16.4 ft/s). Mudflows contain a significant proportion of clay, which makes them more fluid than debris flows, allowing them to travel farther and across lower slope angles. Both types of flow are generally mixtures of particles with a wide range of sizes, which typically become sorted by size upon deposition.

Mudflows are often called mudslips, a term applied indiscriminately by the mass media to a variety of mass wasting events. Mudflows often start as slides, becoming flows as water is entrained along the flow path; such events are often called mud failures.

Other types of mudflows include lahars (involving fine-grained pyroclastic deposits on the flanks of volcanoes) and jökulhlaups (outbursts from under glaciers or icecaps).
Kokoro no Mama ni (I'm Just a Lady)
"Kokoro no Mama ni (I'm Just a Lady)" (心のままに〜I'm just a lady〜, lit. "As You Please (I'm Just a Lady)") is the sixth single by Japanese singer Yōko Oginome. Written by Mai Arai, the single was released on August 5, 1985 by Victor Entertainment.

Yōko Oginome
Yōko Oginome (荻野目 洋子, Oginome Yōko; born December 10, 1968 in Kashiwa, Chiba Prefecture, Japan), married name Yōko Tsujino (辻野 洋子, Tsujino Yōko), is a former pop idol, actress and voice actress, who gained popularity in the mid-1980s. Her fans often call her Oginome-chan. Her husband is Ryuso Tsujino. Oginome is affiliated with Rising Production.
Sivi kingdom
Shivi (alias Sibi, Shibi, Sivi) is mentioned as a kingdom and as the name of a king in the ancient Indian epic Mahabharata. There was a king named Shivi who became famous as Shivi or the kingdom itself may be named after him. Shivi (alias Sibi, Saivya) king was famous for his truthfulness. The legend about his truthfulness and compassion goes as follows: King Shivi protected a dove who was chased by a hawk (which wanted to eat the dove as its midday meal), and gave flesh from his thigh, as a substitute meal to the hawk.

Shibi (king)
Shibi (Sanskrit: शिबि, romanized: Śibi) is a king featured in Hindu texts. He is described to be the son of Ushinara of the Chandravamshi (Lunar dynasty). In one of his legends, he is said to have rescued Agni (transformed into a dove) from Indra (transformed into a kite) by offering up his flesh. He is a great king of kindness
Sally McNeil
Sally Marie McNeil (born September 30, 1960) is an American former sergeant, professional female bodybuilder, and muscle worship practitioner who was convicted of murdering her husband Ray McNeil, a Mr. Olympia competitor. McNeil was granted parole in 2020 and now lives a private life.

Female bodybuilding
Female bodybuilding is the female component of competitive bodybuilding.  It began in the late 1970s, when women began to take part in bodybuilding competitions.

The most prestigious titles in female professional bodybuilding include the Ms. Olympia, Ms. Rising Phoenix and Masters Olympia.
2014–15 Rugby League European Championship B
The 2014–15 European Championship B tournament was the eighth staging of the Rugby League European Shield tournament played in the respective European countries participating over 2014 and 2015.

Germany were replaced in the tournament by Ukraine. Ukraine was joined by Russia, Serbia and Italy to contest the tournament. The tournament formed part of the 2017 Rugby League World Cup qualifying process, as the top three teams from the European B competition advanced to the final round-robin stage.

Ukraine national rugby league team
The Ukraine national rugby league team represents Ukraine in rugby league football. The team made their international debut as part of the 2009 European Bowl.

Ukraine was originally scheduled to play in the 2008 European Bowl, but withdrew at the last minute due to problems with the team's visas.
Dolgarrog railway station
Dolgarrog railway station is an unstaffed halt and a request stop on the Conwy Valley Line from Llandudno Junction to Blaenau Ffestiniog.

The station is located on the east bank of the River Conwy just across the A470 road from Plas Maenan, which was the home of Henry Jack, the managing director of the Aluminium Corporation from 1916 to 1927, together with its associated enterprises including the Ffestiniog Railway and the Welsh Highland Railway. Plas Maenan is now a small country house hotel and restaurant with views across the valley.

Ffestiniog Railway
The Ffestiniog Railway (Welsh: Rheilffordd Ffestiniog) is a heritage railway based on 1 ft 11+1⁄2 in (597 mm) narrow-gauge, in Gwynedd, Wales. It is a major tourist attraction located mainly within the Snowdonia National Park.

The railway is about 13+1⁄2 miles (21.7 km) long and runs from the harbour at Porthmadog to the slate mining town of Blaenau Ffestiniog, travelling through forested and mountainous terrain. The line is single track throughout with four intermediate passing places. The first mile of the line out of Porthmadog runs atop an embankment called the Cob, which is the dyke of the polder known as Traeth Mawr.

The Festiniog Railway Company, which owns the railway, is the oldest surviving railway company in the world. It also owns the Welsh Highland Railway, which was re-opened fully in 2011. The two railways share the same track gauge and meet at Porthmadog station, with occasional trains working the entire 40-mile (64 km) route from Blaenau Ffestiniog to Caernarfon.
Walter E. Fountain
Walter E. Fountain (born November 7, 1961) is a retired United States Army officer who attained the rank of major general.  In his final assignment, he served beginning in January 2018 as Director of Domestic Operations and Force Development at the National Guard Bureau.  His previous assignments include Assistant to the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff for National Guard Matters, deputy director for Domestic Operations (J-3) at United States Northern Command, Assistant Adjutant General of the Oklahoma National Guard, and acting deputy director of the Army National Guard.

State adjutant general
Each state in the United States has a senior military officer, as the state adjutant general, who is the de facto commander of a state's military forces, including the National Guard residing within the state, the state's naval militia, and any state defense forces. This officer is known as TAG (The Adjutant General), and is subordinated to the chief executive (generally the state's governor). They do not have authority over police forces, only military forces.
AS Roma Youth Sector
AS Roma Youth Sector is the youth set-up of Italian club AS Roma. The under-19 team (Primavera) currently competes in the Campionato Primavera 1, as well as the Coppa Italia Primavera, and regularly compete in the continental UEFA Youth League (2014–15, 2015–16 and 2016–17).

Roma Primavera have enjoyed much success over the years, winning the Campionato Nazionale Primavera eight times, the Coppa Italia Primavera five times and Torneo di Viareggio thrice.

Players to have graduated from the AS Roma Primavera squad include Bruno Conti, Agostino Di Bartolomei, Giuseppe Giannini, Daniele De Rossi and record appearance holder and record goalscorer Francesco Totti.

2015–16 UEFA Youth League
The 2015–16 UEFA Youth League was the third season of the UEFA Youth League, a European youth club football competition organised by UEFA.

After a two-year trial period, the UEFA Youth League became a permanent UEFA competition starting from this season, with the tournament expanded from 32 to 64 teams.

Chelsea retained their title after defeating Paris Saint-Germain 2–1 in the final.
1990–91 Richmond Spiders men's basketball team
The 1990–91 Richmond Spiders men's basketball team represented the University of Richmond in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I college basketball during the 1990–91 season. Richmond competed as a member of the Colonial Athletic Association (CAA) under head basketball coach Dick Tarrant and played its home games at the Robins Center.

Richmond finished second in the CAA regular-season standings with a 10–4 conference record, and won the CAA tournament to earn an automatic bid to the 1991 NCAA tournament. In the opening round, the Spiders became the first #15 seed to win an NCAA Tournament game. They defeated the seventh-ranked, #2 seed Syracuse Orangemen, 73–69, at Cole Field House in College Park, Maryland. Richmond lost in the second round to Temple, 77–64, to finish with a 22–10 record.

1990–91 Syracuse Orangemen basketball team
The 1990–91 Syracuse Orangemen basketball team represented Syracuse University in the 1990–91 NCAA Division I men's basketball season.  The head coach was Jim Boeheim, serving for his 15th year.  The team played home games at the Carrier Dome in Syracuse, New York.  The team finished with a 26–6 (12–4) record, was Big East regular season champions, and advanced to the NCAA tournament.

The team was led by Big East Player of the Year Billy Owens and senior LeRon Ellis.