hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jakub Nečas
Jakub Nečas (born 26 January 1995) is a Czech professional footballer who plays as a second striker for Silon Táborsko.

He made his senior league debut for Pardubice on 2 August 2014 in a Czech National Football League 1–1 home draw against Vlašim. He scored his first goals on 21 May 2016 in Vlašim's Czech National Football League 3–1 home win against Frýdek-Místek. He made his Czech First League debut for Mladá Boleslav on 19 February 2017 in a 1–1 away draw at Karviná and he scored his first top league goal in the next match – a  1–1 home draw against Teplice.

FK Pardubice
FK Pardubice is a Czech football club located in the city of Pardubice. Since 2020, the club has played in the Czech First League.

The club is the successor of TJ Tesla Pardubice, which merged with FC Loko Pardubice in 2008.
The American Prisoner (film)
The American Prisoner is an all-talking sound 1929 British drama film directed by Thomas Bentley and starring Carl Brisson, Madeleine Carroll and Cecil Barry. It was adapted from the 1904 novel The American Prisoner by Eden Phillpotts. It was originally conceived as a silent film, but was converted into an All-Talkie in line with widespread practice at British International Pictures during 1928–1929.

Associated British Picture Corporation
Associated British Picture Corporation (ABPC), originally British International Pictures (BIP), was a British film production, distribution and exhibition company active from 1927 until 1970 when it was absorbed into EMI. ABPC also owned approximately 500 cinemas in Britain by 1943, and in the 1950s and 60s owned a station on the ITV television network. The studio was partly owned by Warner Bros. from about 1940 until 1969; the American company also owned a stake in ABPC's distribution arm, Warner-Pathé, from 1958. It formed one half of a vertically integrated film industry duopoly in Britain with the Rank Organisation.
Commonwealth Secretariat Act 1966
The Commonwealth Secretariat Act 1966 (c. 10) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that established the legal character of the Secretariat of the Commonwealth of Nations.  The act granted the Secretariat full legal immunity.  It was applied retroactively to 1 July 1965, when the Secretariat was constituted.

Until the International Organisations Act 2005, the act did not grant employees of the Secretariat exemption from paying income tax, but this was granted with the passage of the later act.

Taxation in the United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, taxation may involve payments to at least three different levels of government: central government (HM Revenue and Customs), devolved governments and local government. Central government revenues come primarily from income tax, National Insurance contributions, value added tax, corporation tax and fuel duty. Local government revenues come primarily from grants from central government funds, business rates in England, Council Tax and increasingly from fees and charges such as those for on-street parking. In the fiscal year 2023–24, total government revenue was forecast to be £1,139.1 billion, or 40.9 per cent of GDP, with income taxes and National Insurance contributions standing at around £470 billion.
Lotus 31
The Lotus 31 was a racing car produced by Lotus for the new 1-litre Formula 3 introduced in 1964, replacing the expensive Formula Junior. The chassis was a multi-tubular spaceframe, of similar design to the 1962 Lotus 22 Formula Junior. A 997 cc (60.8 cu in) Ford Cosworth 105E with Single Choke Weber or SU carburettors produced 97 bhp (72 kW) at 8000rpm. The 31 had little success against the more advanced monocoque cars that dominated in 1964. Records show only 12 were built in 1964/5.

In 1966 19 cars were built with the Chassis 22/F3. The relative simplicity and low price of the car made it an ideal training car. Motor Racing Stables at Brands Hatch ran four cars to graduate students from Lotus Cortinas. The Jim Russell Racing Driver School ran the cars at Snetterton, later being recognised, as a club, by the RAC. The Jim Russell School ran five 31s at Brands Hatch BARC Trophy Races in July 1967.

Space frame
A space frame or space structure (3D truss) is a rigid, lightweight, truss-like structure constructed from interlocking struts in a geometric pattern. Space frames can be used in architecture and structural engineering to span large areas with few interior supports. Like the truss, a space frame is strong because of the inherent rigidity of the triangle; flexing loads (bending moments) are transmitted as tension and compression loads along the length of each strut.

Chief applications include buildings and vehicles.
Benjamin Putnam Calhoun
Benjamin Putnam Calhoun (1855 - 1907) was an American lawyer and politician.

He was born in St. Augustine, Florida. He was a one term state legislator who served on the South Carolina House of Representatives. A Democrat, he served as one of five representatives for Orangeburg, South Carolina. Benjamin K. Randolph was state senator for the area.

His wife died a year after he did on July 26, 1908. An 1886 Bar Association of New Mexico meeting report identified him as living in Grants, New Mexico.

Grants, New Mexico
Grants is a city in Cibola County, New Mexico, United States. It is located about 78 miles (126 km) west of Albuquerque. The population was 9,163 at the 2020 Census. It is the county seat of Cibola County.

Grants is located on Historic Route 66, and along the Trails of the Ancients Byway, one of the designated New Mexico Scenic Byways.
Antônio Mendonça (latinist)
Antônio da Silveira Mendonça (February 3, 1930 – November 28, 2023) was a Latin scholar, educator, and translator. He was a tenured professor at several Brazilian universities, specializing in classical literature and teaching at the undergraduate and graduate levels. He also contributed to the development of classical studies programs in Brazil.

Scholar
A scholar is a person who is a researcher or has expertise in an academic discipline. A scholar can also be an academic, who works as a professor, teacher, or researcher at a university. An academic usually holds an advanced degree or a terminal degree, such as a master's degree or a doctorate. Independent scholars and public intellectuals work outside the academy yet may publish in academic journals and participate in scholarly public discussion.
ROW DTLA
Row DTLA (stylized as ROW DTLA, formerly known as Alameda Square) is a commercial district located in Downtown Los Angeles, which is situated at the intersection of Fashion District, Skid Row, and the Arts District. It spans over 30 acres and was repurposed from the historic Alameda Square complex. The mixed-use development comprises 100 retail stores, restaurants, and 1.3 million square feet (120,000 m2) of commercial workspace.

The 7th Street Produce Market, which is an open-air wholesale produce market that was established in 1917, occupies a 5-acre (2.0 ha) area within ROW DTLA. The marketplace is converted into Smorgasburg – a food market – every Sunday.

Skid Row, Los Angeles
Skid Row is the unofficial name for a neighborhood in Downtown Los Angeles officially known as Central City East.

Skid Row contains one of the largest stable populations of homeless people in the United States, estimated at over 4,400, and has been known for its condensed homeless population since at least the 1930s. Its long history of police raids, targeted city initiatives, and homelessness advocacy make it one of the most notable districts in Los Angeles.

Covering 50 city blocks immediately east of downtown Los Angeles, Skid Row is bordered by Third Street to the north, Seventh Street to the south, Alameda Street to the east, and Main Street to the west.
Peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase
In enzymology, a peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase (EC 1.8.4.12) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

peptide-L-methionine + thioredoxin disulfide + H2O  peptide-L-methionine (R)-S-oxide + thioredoxin

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are peptide-L-methionine, thioredoxin disulfide, and H2O, whereas its two products are peptide-L-methionine (R)-S-oxide and thioredoxin.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on a sulfur group of donors with a disulfide as acceptor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is peptide-methionine:thioredoxin-disulfide S-oxidoreductase [methionine (R)-S-oxide-forming]. Other names in common use include MsrB, methionine sulfoxide reductase (ambiguous), pMSR, methionine S-oxide reductase (ambiguous), selenoprotein R, methionine S-oxide reductase (R-form oxidizing), methionine sulfoxide reductase B, SelR, SelX, PilB, and pRMsr.

Thioredoxin
Thioredoxin (TRX or TXN) is a class of small redox proteins known to be present in all organisms. It plays a role in many important biological processes,  including redox signaling. In humans, thioredoxins are encoded by TXN and TXN2 genes. Loss-of-function mutation of either of the two human thioredoxin genes is lethal at the four-cell stage of the developing embryo. Although not entirely understood, thioredoxin is linked to medicine through their response to reactive oxygen species (ROS). In plants, thioredoxins regulate a spectrum of critical functions, ranging from photosynthesis to growth, flowering and the development and germination of seeds. Thioredoxins play a role in cell-to-cell communication.
Akriti Kakar
Akriti Kakar is an Indian singer and composer. Her songs, "Saturday Saturday" from the film Humpty Sharma Ki Dulhania and "Iski Uski" from 2 States became popular. Akriti was a judge on Zee Bangla's Sa Re Ga Ma Pa: Li'l Champs and was going to appear on Colors TV's Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa.

Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa
Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa is an Indian Hindi-language reality television show and the Indian version of the British reality TV competition Strictly Come Dancing and is part of the Dancing with the Stars franchise. The first four seasons of Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa were aired on Sony TV. Season fifth to tenth were aired Colors TV then again from season 11, the broadcasting network was changed back to Sony Entertainment Television.
Silver Spring Library station
Silver Spring Library is an under-construction light rail station in Silver Spring, Maryland, that will be served by the Purple Line. The station will have two side platforms under the east side of the Brigadier General Charles E. McGee Library (Silver Spring Library). Space for the station was included in the construction of the library, which opened in 2015. As of 2022, the Purple Line is planned to open in 2027.

Silver Spring, Maryland
Silver Spring is a census-designated place (CDP) in southeastern Montgomery County, Maryland, United States, near Washington, D.C. Although officially unincorporated, it is an edge city with a population of 81,015 at the 2020 census, making it the fifth-most-populous place in Maryland after Baltimore, Columbia, Germantown, and Waldorf.

Downtown Silver Spring, located next to the northern tip of Washington, D.C., is the oldest and most urbanized area of Silver Spring, surrounded by several inner suburban residential neighborhoods inside the Capital Beltway. Many mixed-use developments combining retail, residential, and office space have been built since 2004.

Silver Spring takes its name from a mica-flecked spring discovered there in 1840 by Francis Preston Blair, who subsequently bought much of the area's surrounding land. Acorn Park, south of downtown, is believed to be the site of the original spring.
Witold Zapała
Witold Idzi Zapała (5 June 1935 – 
9 September 2020) was a Polish dancer, choreographer and pedagogue. For over 50 years (1957 – 2011),  Witold Zapala collaborated with Mazowsze, the Polish Song and Dance Ensemble (Polish: Zespół Ludowy Pieśni i Tańca Mazowsze), for whom he created repertory of dances and folk ceremonies from 43 ethnographic regions of Poland.

Zapała was also an originator, director and choreographer of children dance group Varsovia. Zapała was born in Dziurów, near Starachowice, and began his career at age 16 with the folk troupe Skolimow.  He also trained Polish folk dancers in the United States, and has choreographed the dance sequences for the Polish Opera, Straszny dwór (Stanisław Moniuszko) in Warsaw.

In October 2011 Wytańczone "Mazowsze" Witolda Zapały, a book about Zapała's career with Mazowsze was published. It was written by a former Mazowsze dancer, Małgorzata Włoczkowska. Witold Zapała is one of Mazowsze's "Legends".

Dziurów, Sandomierz County
Dziurów [ˈd͡ʑuruf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zawichost, within Sandomierz County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) west of Zawichost, 15 km (9 mi) north of Sandomierz, and 84 km (52 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce.
WLTK
WLTK (102.9 FM) is a contemporary Christian formatted broadcast radio station licensed to New Market, Virginia, serving the Harrisonburg/Staunton area. WLTK is owned and operated by Educational Media Foundation.

Staunton, Virginia
Staunton (/ˈstæntən/ STAN-tən) is an independent city in the U.S. Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 25,750. In Virginia, independent cities are separate jurisdictions from the counties that surround them, so the government offices of Augusta County are in Verona, which is contiguous to Staunton. Staunton is a principal city of the Staunton-Stuarts Draft Metropolitan Statistical Area, which had a 2020 population of 125,433. Staunton is known for being the birthplace of Woodrow Wilson, the 28th U.S. president, and as the home of Mary Baldwin University, historically a women's college. The city is also home to Stuart Hall, a private co-ed preparatory school, as well as the Virginia School for the Deaf and Blind. It was the first city in the United States with a fully defined city manager system.
AGM-154 Joint Standoff Weapon
The AGM-154 Joint Standoff Weapon (JSOW) is a glide bomb that resulted from a joint venture between the United States Navy and Air Force to deploy a standardized medium-range precision-guided weapon, especially for engagement of defended targets from outside the range of standard anti-aircraft defenses, thereby increasing aircraft survivability and minimizing friendly losses.
It is intended to be used against soft targets such as parked aircraft, trucks, armored personnel carriers (APCs), and surface-to-air missile sites (SAMs). Prior to launch, it is given a destination through either a predesignated waypoint or a point marked through a targeting pod. It glides, using two wings that pop out for added lift, to the marked destination and dispenses submunitions in a short, roughly linear pattern. The designation of the Joint Standoff Weapon as an "air-to-ground missile" is a misnomer, as it is an unpowered bomb with guidance avionics, similar to the older GBU-15.

Misnomer
A misnomer is a name that is incorrectly or unsuitably applied. Misnomers often arise because something was named long before its correct nature was known, or because an earlier form of something has been replaced by a later form to which the name no longer suitably applies. A misnomer may also be a word that is used incorrectly or misleadingly. The word "misnomer" does not mean "misunderstanding" or "popular misconception", and a number of misnomers remain in common usage — which is to say that a word being a misnomer does not necessarily make usage of the word incorrect.
1998 Bulgarian Cup final
The 1998 Bulgarian Cup final was played at the Vasil Levski National Stadium in Sofia on 13 May 1998, and was contested between the sides of CSKA Sofia and Levski Sofia. The match was won by Levski Sofia, thus they achieved their 20th national cup.

Vasil Levski National Stadium
Vasil Levski National Stadium (Bulgarian: Национален стадион „Васил Левски“), named after Bulgarian national hero and revolutionary Vasil Levski (1837–1873), is the country's second largest stadium. The stadium has 43,230 seats and is located in the centre of Sofia, on the territory of the city's oldest and most famous park - the Borisova gradina.
The Bulgaria national football team's home matches and the Bulgarian Cup finals are held at the venue, as well as athletics competitions. It was used as the home venue for Levski Sofia's Champions League games, and is often used for important derbies between the big clubs from Sofia, instead of their own home stadiums.
Etraveli Group
Etraveli Group is a Swedish travel technology company that owns and operates online travel agency, travel fare aggregators and travel metasearch engine websites servicing both the business-to-business and retail travel markets, primarily in Europe. It operates subsidiaries Gotogate, Flightnetwork, and Mytrip. Etraveli Group operates in more than 75 markets, including the Nordics, the United Kingdom, France and Germany. Etraveli Group brands include TripStack, PRECISION, Wenrix, Flygresor.se, Gotogate, Flightnetwork, and Mytrip.

Etraveli Group accepted an offer in 2021 to be bought out by Booking.com parent Booking Holdings for US$1.83 billion, though the European Commission ultimately blocked the merger.

Travel technology
Travel technology (also called tourism technology or hospitality automation) refers to the application of information technology (IT) and information and communications technology (ICT) within the travel, tourism, and hospitality industries.

Examples of travel technology include computer reservation systems (CRS), global distribution systems (GDS), online travel agencies (OTAs), flight tracking systems, mobile booking platforms, and online review platforms that allow travelers to share and evaluate experiences.

Historically, travel technology was closely associated with airline computer reservation systems developed in the mid-20th century. Over time, the term expanded to encompass the broader tourism and hospitality sectors, including hotel management systems, destination management systems, and digital marketing platforms.
Sangüesa
Sangüesa (Basque: Zangoza) is a city in Navarre, Spain, 44.5 kilometers from Pamplona. It lies close to the River Aragon and in 2007 had a population of 5,128.  
It is located on the Way of Saint James. It has been an important stopping point for pilgrims since the Middle Ages and has preserved its medieval character.

Sangüesa-Zangoza is the historic capital of one of the six merindades into which the old Kingdom of Navarre was divided.

In 1089, a bridge was built here over the River Aragon and Sancho Ramirez located the town to the present location. 
In 1121, Alfonso el Batallador (Alfonso the Battler) extended the fuero of Jaca to Sangüesa which significantly expanded the opportunities for Frankish merchants to settle here.

Merindad
Merindad (Spanish pronunciation: [meɾinˈdað]) is a mediaeval Spanish administrative term for a country subdivision smaller than a province but larger than a municipality. The officer in charge of a merindad was called a merino, roughly equivalent to the English count or bailiff.

It was used in the kingdoms of Castile and Navarre. Connected to the birth of Castile, the Merindades, standing for the northernmost comarca of the province of Burgos, was part of the creation of the administrative division by King Peter.
Ho-cheol
Ho-cheol, Ho-chul or Ho-chirl is a Korean given name.

People with the name include:

Chang Ho-chirl (born 1962), South Korean singer

Kim Ho-chul (born 1955), South Korean volleyball coach and former player

Yi Hocheol or Lee Hochul (1932–2016), South Korean author
Lee Hochul Literary Prize for Peace, international literary award named after him

Lee Hochul Literary Prize for Peace
The Lee Hochul Literary Prize for Peace (Korean: 이호철 통일로 문학상) is an international literary award which takes place in South Korea annually in order to recognize the power of literature to promote peace. There are two awards: the main Lee Hochul Literary Prize for Peace, and a Special Award that is given to an young and upcoming Korean writer. The main prize winner receives a monetary sum of 40 million won, while the Special Award winner receives 20 million won.

The Lee Hochul Literary Prize for Peace was established in 2017 by the Eunpyeong-gu District Office of Seoul, South Korea, in honor of the author Lee Ho-cheol. Lee Ho-chul is a symbolic figure whose literary works reflect a deep longing for peace and the reunification of Korean peninsula.
Sam Rolfe
Samuel Harris Rolfe (born Samuel Harris Rosenbaum, February 18, 1924 – July 10, 1993) was an American screenwriter best known for creating (with Herb Meadow) the 1950–60s highly rated CBS television series Have Gun – Will Travel, as well as his work on the 1960s NBC television series The Man from U.N.C.L.E. and The Eleventh Hour.

A prolific radio, film and television writer for over 30 years, Rolfe described the craft as requiring "Stubbornness, masochism and perhaps some inherited insensitivity to pain. Writing is the most exasperating, most tormenting, loneliest occupation in the world".

Richard Boone
Richard Allen Boone (June 18, 1917 – January 10, 1981) was an American actor who starred in over 50 films and was notable for his roles in Westerns, including his starring role in the television series Have Gun – Will Travel.
Oniiwa Park
Oniiwa Park (鬼岩公園, Oniiwa Kōen) is a park on the border of Mitake, Kani District and Mizunami in Gifu Prefecture, Japan. It is located in Hida-Kisogawa Quasi-National Park. Oniiwa is a Japanese government designated Place of Scenic Beauty and Natural Monument.

Kani District, Gifu
Kani (可児郡, Kani-gun) is a district located in Gifu Prefecture, Japan. As of July 2011, the district has an estimated population of 18,709. The total area is 56.61 km2.

There is only one town left in the district, Mitake.
Jack Eichenbaum
Jack Eichenbaum (February 2, 1943 -  December 30, 2023) was a tour guide and the Queens, New York official borough historian.

Eichenbaum was born Jacob Eichenbaum on February 2, 1943, to Gertrude Blum and Abraham Eichenbaum.

He earned a PhD in urban geography from the University of Michigan and subsequently taught at Queens and Hunter Colleges in addition to his work for New York City and as a tour guide. Eichenbaum was appointed as borough historian by then Borough President Helen Marshall in 2010 and remained in that role under subsequent Borough Presidents.

Helen M. Marshall
Helen Marie Marshall (née Sargent ; September 30, 1929 – March 4, 2017) was an American politician from New York City. She was Borough President of Queens from 2002 - 2013. She was also the first African-American Borough President of Queens.
Timeline of the history of the scientific method
This timeline of the history of the scientific method shows an overview of the development of the scientific method up to the present time. For a detailed account, see History of the scientific method.

Polymath
A polymath or polyhistor is an individual whose knowledge spans many different subjects, known to draw on complex bodies of knowledge to solve specific problems. Polymaths often prefer a specific context in which to explain their knowledge, but some are gifted at explaining abstractly and creatively.

Embodying a basic tenet of Renaissance humanism that humans are limitless in their capacity for development, the concept led to the notion that people should embrace all knowledge and develop their capacities as fully as possible. This is expressed in the term Renaissance man, often applied to the gifted people of that age who sought to develop their abilities in all areas of accomplishment: intellectually, artistically, socially, physically, and spiritually.