hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
29th Indian Brigade
The 29th Indian Brigade was an infantry brigade of the British Indian Army that saw active service with the Indian Army during the First World War.  Formed in October 1914, it raided Sheik Saiad en route to Egypt, defended the Suez Canal in early 1915, before taking part in the Gallipoli Campaign (April to December 1915).  On returning to Egypt it acted as an independent formation being broken up in June 1917.

Office of Public Sector Information
The Office of Public Sector Information (OPSI) is the body responsible for the operation of His Majesty's Stationery Office (HMSO) and of other public information services of the United Kingdom. The OPSI is part of the National Archives of the United Kingdom and is responsible for Crown copyright.

The OPSI announced on 21 June 2006 that it was merging with the National Archives. The merger took place in October 2006. The OPSI continues to discharge its roles and responsibilities from within the structure of the National Archives.
Pali literature
Pali literature is concerned mainly with Theravada Buddhism, of which Pali (IAST: pāl̤i) is the traditional language. The earliest and most important Pali literature constitutes the Pāli Canon, the authoritative scriptures of Theravada school.

Pali literature includes numerous genres, including Suttas (Buddhist discourses), Vinaya (monastic discipline), Abhidhamma (philosophy), poetry, history, philology, hagiography, scriptural exegesis, and meditation manuals.

Nettipakaraṇa
The Nettipakaraṇa (Pali, also called Nettippakarana, abbreviated Netti) is a Buddhist scripture, sometimes included in the Khuddaka Nikaya of Theravada Buddhism's Pali Canon. The main theme of this text is Buddhist Hermeneutics through a systematization of the Buddha's teachings. It is regarded as canonical by the Burmese Theravada tradition, but isn't included in other Theravada canons.
Theo van Scheltinga
Tjeerd (Theo) Daniel van Scheltinga (6 March 1914, Amsterdam – 30 July 1994) was a Dutch chess player.  FIDE awarded him the International Master title in 1950.

Van Scheltinga was one of the leading Dutch players from 1936 to the late 1950s.  In 1936 he was third in the Dutch Championship, and he tied for first with Max Euwe in 1947, but lost the playoff 2.5–5.5.  He won Hoogovens in 1944 and 1947 and placed 2nd in 1948 and 2nd= in 1949.  Van Scheltinga played in three Zonal tournaments, 4th at Hilversum 1947, 6th= at Dublin 1957 and 2nd= at Budapest 1960.  He competed in the Chess Olympiads of 1937, 1939, 1950, 1952, and 1954.

Van Scheltinga worked as a carpenter at the Amsterdam Stock Exchange.

Chess Olympiad
The Chess Olympiad is a biennial chess tournament in which teams representing nations of the world compete. FIDE organises the tournament and selects the host nation. Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, FIDE held an Online Chess Olympiad in 2020 and 2021, with a rapid time control that affected players' online ratings.
Wynand Breytenbach
Wynand Nicolas Breytenbach (25 June 1935 – 18 October 2002) was a South African politician and a former pilot in the South African Air Force. He was Deputy Minister of Defence from 1987 to 1994.

A member of the National Party (NP) and a former mayor of Kroonstad, Breytenbach represented the Kroonstad constituency in the apartheid-era House of Assembly from 1981 to 1994. Although he was elected to the post-apartheid National Assembly in 1994, he retired later the same year.

House of Assembly (South Africa)
The House of Assembly (known in Afrikaans as the Volksraad, or "People's Council") was the lower house of the Parliament of South Africa from 1910 to 1981, the sole parliamentary chamber between 1981 and 1984, and latterly the white representative house of the Tricameral Parliament from 1984 to 1994, when it was replaced by the current National Assembly. Throughout its history, it was composed exclusively of white members who were elected to office predominantly by white citizens, though until 1960 and 1970, respectively, some Black Africans and Coloureds in the Cape Province voted under a restricted form of suffrage.

The old House of Assembly chamber was severely damaged in a fire in January 2022.
Zeyn al-Abedin Maraghei
Zeyn al-Abedin Maraghei (Persian: زین‌العابدین مراغه‌ای; also Romanized as "Zeyn-al-’Ābedin Marāghe’i"; 1840 in Maragheh – 1910 in Istanbul) was a pioneer Iranian novelist and a social reformer. He is most known for the 1895 story of Travel Diary of Ebrahim Beg (sīyāhat nāmeh-ī Ebrāhīm-ī Beg). This work was critical in the development of novel writing in twentieth-century Iran, and played an important political role as well. The story was a criticism on Iran's political and social affairs. It was widely read in Iran and gained the interest of revolutionaries and reformers who made the Constitutional Revolution of 1906.

Maragheh
Maragheh (Persian: مراغه) is a city in the Central District of Maragheh County, East Azerbaijan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. Maragheh is on the bank of the river Sufi Chay. It is 130 kilometres (81 mi) from Tabriz, the largest city in northwestern Iran.
Larry Matson
Larry James Matson is an American broadcaster and sports commentator. In 1974, he was the broadcast voice of the Birmingham Americans of the World Football League.  He fulfilled the same duties for the successor Birmingham Vulcans in 1975.  In 1977, he moved to New Orleans to serve as play-by-play announcer for Tulane University's ISP Sports Network.

From 1981 to 1986, he was the sports anchor for WWL-TV in New Orleans.  Matson also became the play-by-play announcer for the New Orleans Saints of the National Football League in 1979.  In 1986, he began working for WGNO-TV in New Orleans. In 1993, Matson served as assistant general manager for the New Orleans Zephyrs. He later became the play-by-play man for University of New Orleans men's basketball and McNeese State University football.

He returned to the Saints broadcast booth in 2000. In 2005, he returned to Tulane to do play-by-play for all Tulane Green Wave football and men's basketball games.

McNeese State University
McNeese State University is a public university in Lake Charles, Louisiana, United States. Founded in 1939 as Lake Charles Junior College, it was renamed McNeese Junior College after John McNeese, an early local educator. The present name was adopted in 1970. McNeese is part of the University of Louisiana System and is classified as a Master's University. The university consists of six colleges and the Doré School of Graduate Studies. McNeese is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools.
Nepenthes 'Kalamity'
Nepenthes 'Kalamity' is a cultivar of a complex manmade hybrid involving N. ampullaria, N. gracilis, N. khasiana, N. rafflesiana, N. ventricosa, and a plant identified as N. anamensis.[note a] It was bred by Bruce Lee Bednar and Orgel Clyde Bramblett in 1988. This cultivar name is not established as it was published without a description, violating Article 24.1 of the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants. It first appeared in print in the March 1994 issue of the Carnivorous Plant Newsletter as "x kalamity".

Nepenthes ventricosa
Nepenthes ventricosa (/nɪˈpɛnθiːz vɛntrɪˈkoʊzə/; from Neo-Latin ventricosus "having a swelling on one side") is a tropical pitcher plant endemic to the Philippines, where it is a highland species, growing at an elevation of 1,000–2,000 metres (3,300–6,600 ft) above sea level. It has been recorded from the islands of Luzon, Panay, and Sibuyan. The pitchers are numerous, growing up to 20 centimetres (8 in) tall and ranging in colour from ivory white to red.

Nepenthes ventricosa is very closely related to both N. burkei and N. sibuyanensis, but can be distinguished by a more waisted middle to the pitchers, a smaller mouth, and, generally, a thinner peristome.
Dónall Ó Conalláin
Dónall Ó Conalláin (1907 – 7 December 1987) was an Irish politician and secondary school teacher from Dublin. He was first elected to Seanad Éireann as an independent member in 1961 for the National University constituency. He was re-elected at the 1965 election. He did not contest the 1969 election.

He was president of the Association of Secondary Teachers, Ireland in 1951.

Association of Secondary Teachers, Ireland
The Association of Secondary Teachers, Ireland (ASTI) is a trade union for secondary school teachers in Ireland. It is a member of the Irish Congress of Trade Unions. The union represents 18,500 teachers in schools attended by 80% of all second-level students.
Konrad von Preysing
Johann Konrad Maria Augustin Felix, Graf von Preysing Lichtenegg-Moos (30 August 1880 – 21 December 1950) was a German prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. Considered a significant figure in Catholic resistance to Nazism, he served as Bishop of Berlin from 1935 until his death, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1946 by Pope Pius XII.

Confessing Church
The Confessing Church (German: Bekennende Kirche, pronounced [bəˈkɛnəndə ˈkɪʁçə] ⓘ) was a movement within German Protestantism in Nazi Germany that arose in opposition to government-sponsored efforts to unify all of the Protestant churches into a single pro-Nazi German Evangelical Church.
Nellie Flag
Nellie Flag (1932–1953) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse who was retrospectively named the  American Champion Two-Year-Old Filly of 1934. She was the first horse bred by Warren Wright's Calumet Farm to win a stakes race.

An early favorite, Nellie Flag finished fourth in the 1935 Kentucky Derby and seventh in the Preakness Stakes, the latter a race won by her dam in 1924. Following an injury, Nellie Flag was retired in mid July 1935  and stood at Calumet Farm as a broodmare where she died in 1953 at age twenty-one. She produced ten foals of which nine raced. Among her best were:

Mar-Kell (born 1939) - American Champion Older Female Horse (1943)

Nellie L. (born 1940) - won 1943 Kentucky Oaks, Acorn Stakes

Sunshine Nell (born 1948) - multiple stakes wins including Barbara Fritchie Handicap, Autumn Days Handicap, Top Flight Handicap

American Champion Two-Year-Old Filly
The American Champion Two-Year-Old Filly is an American Thoroughbred horse racing honor awarded annually to a female horse in Thoroughbred flat racing. It became part of the Eclipse Awards program in 1971.

The award originated in 1936 when both the Daily Racing Form (DRF) and Turf and Sports Digest (TSD) magazine began naming an annual champion. Starting in 1950, the Thoroughbred Racing Associations (TRA) began naming its own champion. The following list provides the name of the horses chosen by both of these organizations. There were several disagreements, with more than one champion being recognized on seven occasions.

The Daily Racing Form, the Thoroughbred Racing Associations, and the National Turf Writers Association all joined forces in 1971 to create the Eclipse Award. In 1978, the voting resulted in a tie between two fillies.

Champions from 1887 through 1935 were selected retrospectively by a panel of experts as published by The Blood-Horse magazine.
Amanuel
Amanuel is a given name or a surname.

Notable people with the given name include:

Amanuel Gebremichael (born 1999), Ethiopian footballer

Amanuel Gebrezgabihier (born 1994), Eritrean cyclist

Amanuel Melles (born 1993), Eritrean academic based in Canada

Amanuel Mesel (born 1990), Eritrean long-distance runner

Notable people with the surname include:

Meron Amanuel (born 1990), Eritrean cyclist

Amanuel Mesel
Amanuel Mesel Tikue (born 29 December 1990) is an Eritrean long-distance runner. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, he competed in the 5000 metres, finishing 33rd in round 1, failing to qualify for the final. He placed 21st in the marathon at the 2016 Summer Olympics.
Silesian Parliament
Silesian Parliament or Silesian Sejm (Polish: Sejm Śląski) was the governing body of the Silesian Voivodeship (1920–1939), an autonomous voivodeship of the Second Polish Republic between 1920 and 1945. It was elected in democratic elections and had a certain influence over the usage of taxes collected in Silesia. It consisted of 48 deputies (24 from 1935).

Autonomy
In developmental psychology and moral, political,  bioethical philosophy, autonomy is the capacity to make an informed, uncoerced decision. Autonomous organizations or institutions are independent or self-governing. Autonomy can also be defined from a human resources perspective, where it denotes a (relatively high) level of discretion granted to an employee in their work. In such cases, autonomy is known to generally increase job satisfaction. Self-actualized individuals are thought to operate autonomously of external expectations. In a medical context, respect for a patient's personal autonomy is considered one of many fundamental ethical principles in medicine.
Misia Single Collection: 5th Anniversary
Misia Single Collection: 5th Anniversary is Misia's second compilation album, released on December 3, 2003. It sold 52,167 copies in its first week and peaked at #8. Misia Single Collection: 5th Anniversary was released by her previous label, Arista Japan, to commemorate her fifth anniversary.

The album is certified Platinum for shipment of 250,000 copies.

Ariola Japan
Ariola Japan (アリオラジャパン, Ariora Japan), is a Japanese record label owned by Sony Music Labels Inc., a subsidiary of Sony Music Entertainment Japan. The label is the successor to BMG Japan and its former labels.
Kentish Knock
The Kentish Knock is a long shoal (bank, shallows) in the North Sea east of Essex, England.  It is the most easterly of those of the Thames Estuary and its core, which is shallower than 18 feet (5.5 m), extends 6 miles (9.7 km). Thus it is a major hazard to deep-draught navigation. It is exactly 28 miles (45 km) due east of Foulness Point, Essex and is centred about 15 miles (24 km) NNE of North Foreland, Kent – both are extreme points of those counties.

North Foreland
North Foreland is a chalk headland on the Kent coast of southeast England, specifically in Broadstairs.

With the rest of Broadstairs and part of Ramsgate it is the eastern side of Kent's largest peninsula, the Isle of Thanet. It presents a bold cliff to the sea, 15 miles north of South Foreland, and commands views over the southern North Sea.

LB&SCR H2 class 4-4-2 no. 422 (later no. B422, 2422, and 32422) was named North Foreland after this landmark.
Farallon Negro (volcano)
27°15′S 66°33′W﻿ / ﻿27.250°S 66.550°W﻿ / -27.250; -66.550
Farallon Negro is a volcano in the Catamarca province of Argentina. Active between about 9-8 million years ago, it was formerly a stratovolcano or a multi-vent volcano. Eventually, erosion removed most of the volcano and exposed the underlying structure including subvolcanic intrusions.

The remnants of the volcano are now the sites of mining operations.

Catamarca Province
Catamarca (Spanish pronunciation: [kataˈmaɾka]) is a province of Argentina, located in the northwest of the country. The province had a population of 429,556 as per the 2022 census [INDEC], and covers an area of 102,602 km2. Its literacy rate is 95.5%. Neighbouring provinces are (clockwise, from the north): Salta, Tucumán, Santiago del Estero, Córdoba, and La Rioja. To the west it borders the country of Chile.

The capital is San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca, usually shortened to Catamarca. Other important cities include Andalgalá, Tinogasta, and Belén.
Jämshög
Jämshög is a locality situated in Olofström Municipality, Blekinge County, Sweden with 1,494 inhabitants in 2010.

It is the site of Jämshög Church (Jämshögs kyrka) in the Diocese of Lund. During the Northern Seven Years' War (1563 - 1570), the church was destroyed and when it was rebuilt  with a sacristy was added in 1778. In 1803, the church and the surrounding village were extinguished when the belfry, the vicarage and seven farmhouses were totally destroyed. The present church began to be erected on June 20, 1804 after drawings by architect Olof Tempelman (1745-1816).

Urban areas in Sweden
An urban area or tätort (lit. 'dense locality') in Sweden has a minimum of 200 inhabitants and may be a city, town or larger village. It is a purely statistical concept, not defined by any municipal or county boundaries. Larger urban areas synonymous with cities or towns (Swedish: stad for both terms) for statistical purposes have a minimum of 10,000 inhabitants. The same statistical definition is also used for urban areas in the other Nordic countries.

In 2018, there were nearly two thousand urban areas in Sweden, which were inhabited by 87% of the Swedish population.

Urban area is a common English translation of the Swedish term tätort. The official term in English used by Statistics Sweden is, however, "locality" (Swedish: ort). It could be compared with "census-designated places" in the United States.
2009 Star Mazda Championship
The 2009 Star Mazda Championship was the eleventh season of the Star Mazda Championship, an open wheel auto racing series that competes using spec chassis and engines. It consisted of a 13-race schedule beginning in March and ending in October. For the first time since 2006, the series featured races on oval tracks, more precisely the Milwaukee Mile and the Iowa Speedway. The remaining races except the one at Virginia were held jointly with the also Mazda-backed Atlantic Championship. In addition to the main championship that is typically tested by young, developing drivers, there were also additional class titles for senior drivers.

Adam Christodoulou won the championship ahead of Peter Dempsey, after the Irish driver's retirement at the final round at Mazda Raceway Laguna Seca gifted the title to the Briton. Chris Cumming and Michael Guasch won class titles for older drivers.

One-design racing
One-design racing is a racing method which may be adopted in sports using complex equipment, whereby all vehicles have identical or very similar designs or models, avoiding the need for a handicap system.
Athletics at the 2009 Asian Youth Games
The athletics competition in the 2009 Asian Youth Games were held at the Bishan Stadium in Singapore between 30 June and 3 July 2009. Each country is limited to having 6 boys and 6 girls for the entire competition.

Bishan Stadium
Bishan Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Bishan, Singapore. It is the main home ground of Singapore Premier League side Lion City Sailors, and used mostly for football matches. The stadium was constructed in 1998 and is managed by Sport Singapore. The stadium is also third-in-line to host international football matches, behind the Singapore National Stadium and Jalan Besar Stadium.
2025 French Open – Wheelchair women's singles
Yui Kamiji defeated Aniek van Koot in the final, 6–2, 6–2 to win the women's singles wheelchair tennis title at the 2025 French Open. It was her fifth French Open singles title and tenth major singles title overall.

Diede de Groot was the four-time defending champion, but lost in the first round to Li Xiaohui.

Yui Kamiji
Yui Kamiji (上地 結衣, Kamiji Yui; born 24 April 1994 in Akashi, Hyōgo Prefecture) is a Japanese professional wheelchair tennis player. She has won 33 major titles, as well as a Paralympic silver and bronze medal in singles and doubles, respectively, at the 2020 Tokyo Paralympics. She would later win gold in both at the 2024 Paris Paralympics. She also won a bronze medal in singles at the 2016 Rio Paralympics.

Partnering Jordanne Whiley, Kamiji achieved the Grand Slam in doubles in 2014, and also won the Wheelchair Tennis Masters in doubles. Kamiji is currently managed by Avex Group under its Avex Challenged Athletes program.
Humber the Hun
Humber the Hun was a legendary king of so-called "Huns" who, according to Geoffrey of Monmouth's pseudohistorical chronicle Historia Regum Britanniae, invaded the British Isles in about the 12th century BC from Scythia. His people successfully conquered Alba but he himself was drowned in the river named Humber after him during his campaign against Southern Britain. His descendants became the legendary kings of Pictland.

Geoffrey of Monmouth
Geoffrey of Monmouth (Latin: Galfridus Monemutensis, Galfridus Arturus; Welsh: Gruffudd ap Arthur, Sieffre o Fynwy; c. 1095 – c. 1155) was a  Christian cleric from Monmouth, Wales, and one of the major figures in the popularity of tales of King Arthur.

He is best known for his chronicle The History of the Kings of Britain (Latin: De gestis Britonum or Historia Regum Britanniae) which was widely popular in its day, being translated into other languages from its original Latin. It was given historical credence well into the 16th century, but is now considered historically unreliable.
Six60 (2019 album)
Six60 is the third self-titled full-length studio album by New Zealand rock band Six60. It was released on 8 November 2019 through New Zealand label Massive Entertainment. Production was handled mainly by Malay, together with Printz Board, Big Taste, E. Kidd Bogart and Justin Gray. It debuted atop of the Official New Zealand Music Chart on the week of 18 November 2019 and as of December 2020 has never left the top five since then. The album was certified triple platinum by Recorded Music NZ on 14 September 2020 and was New Zealand's best-selling album of 2020. The album featured six singles.

Official Aotearoa Music Charts
The Official Aotearoa Music Charts, formerly the Official New Zealand Music Chart (Māori: Te Papa Tātai Waiata Matua o Aotearoa), is the weekly New Zealand top 40 singles and albums charts, issued weekly by Recorded Music NZ (formerly Recording Industry Association of New Zealand). The Music Chart also includes the top 40 Hot Singles chart, the top 20 New Zealand artist singles and albums, the top 20 Hot New Zealand singles, and top 10 compilation albums. All charts are compiled from data of both physical and digital sales from music retailers in New Zealand.

The chart also publishes gold and platinum certifications of albums and singles, according to thresholds set by Recorded Music NZ, through the database on radioscope.net.nz.
SA postcode area
The SA postcode area, also known as the Swansea postcode area, is a group of 51 postcode districts for post towns Aberaeron, Ammanford, Boncath, Burry Port, Cardigan, Carmarthen, Clynderwen, Crymych, Ferryside, Fishguard, Glogue, Goodwick, Haverfordwest, Kidwelly, Kilgetty, Lampeter, Llanarth, Llandeilo, Llandovery, Llandysul, Llanelli, Llanfyrnach, Llangadog, Llangrannog, Llansaint, Llanwrda, Llanybydder, Milford Haven, Narberth, Neath, New Quay, Newcastle Emlyn, Newport, Pembroke, Pembroke Dock, Pencader, Pontardawe, Port Talbot, Saundersfoot, Swansea, Tenby and Whitland forming south-west Wales.

Glogue
Glogue (Welsh pronunciationⓘ) is a hamlet located 1 mile (1.6 km) north of Llanfyrnach, in the community of Crymych in the east of the county of Pembrokeshire, Wales.

It was the site of slate quarrying from the 18th century; the industry employed over 80 men when the railway came to the area in the 19th century and improved distribution.

Quarrying ended in 1926 and the railway closed in 1962.

Glogue Farm is just north of the settlement, in Clydau community.
Aefligen railway station
Aefligen railway station (German: Bahnhof Aefligen) is a railway station in the municipality of Aefligen, in the Swiss canton of Bern. It is an intermediate stop on the standard gauge Solothurn–Langnau line of BLS AG.

BLS AG
BLS AG is a Swiss railway company created by the 2006 (2006) merger of BLS Lötschbergbahn and Regionalverkehr Mittelland AG. Its ownership is divided, with 55.8% of it owned by the canton of Berne, and 21.7% by the Swiss Confederation. It has two main business fields: passenger traffic and infrastructure.

BLS has a subsidiary—BLS Cargo—which is responsible for all freight operations. BLS Cargo works in cooperation with the freight subsidiary of Deutsche Bahn, Railion. However, the staff, apart from management and sales, is employed by BLS AG. Part of the BLS locomotive fleet is owned by BLS Cargo.

Another subsidiary, BLS Fernverkehr AG, is responsible for long-distance passenger transport. BLS Fernverkehr AG is wholly owned by BLS AG.