hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Esther Island (Alaska)
Esther Island is an island in the northwestern part of Prince William Sound on the south-central coast of the state of Alaska in the United States. It has a land area of 127.336 km2 (49.165 sq mi) and a resident population of 31 persons as of the 2000 census. The island is the site of the South Esther Island State Marine Park, a part of the Alaska State Parks system. The island is only accessible by floatplane or boat and has no permanent settlements other than the Wally Noerenberg Hatchery, one of the world's largest salmon hatcheries, owned and operated by the Prince William Sound Aquaculture Corporation (PWSAC). The hatchery raises three different species of salmon (pink salmon, chum salmon, and coho salmon) and is located within the state marine park.

Southcentral Alaska
Southcentral Alaska, also known as the Gulf Coast Region, is the portion of the U.S. state of Alaska consisting of the shorelines and uplands of the central Gulf of Alaska.  More than half of the state's entire population lives in this region, concentrated in and around the city of Anchorage. The region is  Alaska’s best-connected region, with the Port of Anchorage, Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport, and the Alaska Railroad servicing the area.

The area includes Cook Inlet, the Matanuska-Susitna Valley, the Kenai Peninsula, Prince William Sound, and the Copper River Valley.  Tourism, fisheries, and petroleum production are important economic activities.
Matthew Spring
Matthew John Spring (born 17 November 1979) is an English semi-professional footballer and coach who last played as a midfielder for Southern League Division One Central club Hitchin Town. He previously played for Luton Town, Leeds United, Watford, Sheffield United, Charlton Athletic, Leyton Orient, Wycombe Wanderers, St Neots Town and Hemel Hempstead Town.

1997–98 Luton Town F.C. season
The 1997–98 season was the 112th season in the history of Luton Town F.C. It was Luton Town's 77th consecutive season in the Football League, and their 80th overall. It was their second season back in the Football League Third Division following relegation in the 1995–96 season.

This article covers the period from 1 July 1997 to 30 June 1998.
Canning Town
Canning Town is a district of West Ham in the London Borough of Newham, East London, England, north of the Royal Victoria Dock. Its urbanisation was largely due to the creation of the dock. The area was part of the ancient parish and County Borough of West Ham. It forms part of the London E16 postcode district.

The area is undergoing significant regeneration as of 2012, with the building of up to 10,000 new homes.

Leamouth
Leamouth is a locality in the Blackwall area of Poplar, in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. The area takes its name from the former Leamouth Wharf and lies on the west side of the confluence of the Bow Creek stretch of the Lea, at its confluence with the River Thames.

The neighbourhood consists of two small peninsulas, separated from the rest of Poplar by the remaining part of the East India Docks. The northern peninsula lies in a hairpin meander and is named Goodluck Hope after one of the adjacent reaches of the Lea, while the other is known as Orchard Place. The area was traditionally the easternmost part of Middlesex, with Essex on the other side of the Lea.

The area was long referred to locally as Bog Island, due to its inaccessibility and propensity to flood; however the building of the Thames Barrier and the artificial raising of the more vulnerable riverside land, means the nickname refers to a now much reduced threat.
Kineto Wireless
Kineto Wireless is based in Milpitas, California and provides telco-OTT services to the mobile industry. Kineto's services enhance and extend communications services out over IP-based networks, such as the Internet.

Kineto is a privately held, venture-backed company whose investors, including Venrock Associates, Sutter Hill Ventures, Oak Investment Partners and SeaPointVentures.

Customers and partners include Acme Packet, HTC Corporation, Huawei, LG Electronics, Motorola, NewPace, Orange (telecommunications), Rogers Wireless, Research in Motion, Samsung Group, SFR, T-Mobile USA and ZTE.

The company innovated Unlicensed Mobile Access (UMA), also known as Generic Access Network (GAN).

Oak Investment Partners
Oak Investment Partners is a private equity firm focusing on venture capital investments in companies developing communications systems, information technology, new Internet media, healthcare services, and retail.
Andy Mulligan (ice hockey)
Andrew Mulligan (February 12, 1906 – May 26, 1984) was a Canadian–American ice hockey player, coach, and executive who was the manager of the Toledo Sports Arena 1950 to 1973, general manager of the Toledo Mercurys from its founding in 1947 until it folded in 1962, and commissioner of the International Hockey League from 1962 to 1969.

International Hockey League
The International Hockey League (IHL) was a minor professional ice hockey league in the United States and Canada that operated from 1945 to 2001. The IHL served as the National Hockey League (NHL)'s alternate farm system to the American Hockey League (AHL). After 56 years of operation, financial instability led to the league's demise. Six of the surviving seven teams merged into the AHL in 2001.
Mike Jenkins (American football)
Mike Jenkins (born March 22, 1985) is an American former professional football player who was a cornerback in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the South Florida Bulls, earning All-American honors. He was selected by the Dallas Cowboys in the first round of the 2008 NFL draft. He also played in the NFL for the Oakland Raiders, Tampa Bay Buccaneers, and Arizona Cardinals.

2009 NFL season
The 2009 NFL season was the 90th season in the history of the National Football League (NFL). The 50th anniversary of the original eight charter members of the American Football League was celebrated during this season.

The preseason started with the Pro Football Hall of Fame Game on August 9, 2009, and the regular season began September 10, with the reigning Super Bowl XLIII champion Pittsburgh Steelers defeating the Tennessee Titans in overtime. The season ended with Super Bowl XLIV, the league's championship game, on February 7, 2010, at Sun Life Stadium with the New Orleans Saints defeating the Indianapolis Colts 31–17 in Miami Gardens, Florida. The Colts and Saints began the season 14–0 and 13–0 respectively. This was the first time in NFL history two teams started 13–0 or better.
Listed buildings in Carlton, Selby
Carlton is a civil parish in the former Selby district of North Yorkshire, England.  It contains twelve listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  Of these, one is listed at Grade I, the highest of the three grades, one is at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  The parish contains the village of Carlton and the surrounding area.  The most important building in the parish is Carlton Towers, a country house that is listed together with associated structures in the gardens and grounds.  The other listed buildings are houses, cottages, farmhouses, and two churches.

Selby
Selby is a market town and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England, 12 miles (19.3 km) south of York on the River Ouse. At the 2021 Census, it had a population of 17,193.

The town grew around Selby Abbey, a former Benedictine house whose surviving church is nationally protected. Historic records indicate that Henry I of England was born in the town.

The town was historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire and was transferred to the new county of North Yorkshire in 1974.  From 1974 until 2023 it was the administrative centre of the Selby District. Local government is now provided by North Yorkshire Council, a unitary authority.

Selby once had a large shipbuilding industry, and was an important port on the Selby Canal, which brought trade from Leeds.
Lagan (Sweden)
The Lagan is one of four main westcoast rivers in south-western Sweden besides Göta älv. It is 244 kilometers and is one of the longest rivers in southern Sweden.

It starts in Tahesjön near Taberg in the municipality of Jönköping, flows through Vaggeryd, Värnamo and Ljungby and ends in the town of Mellbystrand in the municipality of Laholm. More specifically, it ends in the Bay of Laholm, a part of the strait of Kattegat.

People have been following the river from the coastal areas since the Viking Age and settling in its vicinity. Along Lagan was a trading route, the so-called Lagastigen ("the Lagan path"), which is now part of the road E4.

The straight middle and upper course of Lagan follows a branch of the Protogine Zone —a zone of crustal weakness in western Sweden.

Jönköping Municipality
Jönköping Municipality (Swedish: Jönköpings kommun) is a municipality in Jönköping County, southern Sweden. The city of Jönköping is the municipal seat. The municipality is situated by the southern end of lake Vättern.
Cameron Blakely
Cameron Blakely is a British actor. A veteran of musical theatre, he has appeared in numerous productions across the UK since his stage debut, and he was nominated for the Whatsonstage Awards in 2002 for his performance in Where's Charley at the Regents Park Open Air Theatre. More recently, he has appeared in Eugenius!, Into the Woods, Oliver!, How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying, Rock of Ages, Les Misérables, The Addams Family, Mrs. Doubtfire, Newsies and Something Rotten!. He also appeared in Les Misérables in Concert: The 25th Anniversary and Les Misérables: The Staged Concert. As of April 2025, he's starring as Harold Zidler in the world tour of Moulin Rouge!.

Mrs. Doubtfire (musical)
Mrs. Doubtfire is a musical based on the 1993 film Mrs. Doubtfire, which in turn is based on the 1987 novel Madame Doubtfire by Anne Fine, with music and lyrics by Karey and Wayne Kirkpatrick and a book by Karey Kirkpatrick and John O'Farrell. As with the film, the musical is set in the city of San Francisco, California. However, the timeframe has been updated to the 21st century. The stage musical has references to both technology and pop culture that did not exist in 1993 when the film was released.
Karnali Provincial Hospital
Karnali Provincial Hospital aka Provincial Hospital, Surkhet is a government hospital located in Kalagaun of Surkhet district in Karnali Province of Nepal. It is one of the  three hospitals in Nepal where kidney transplantation is done for free.

Karnali Province
Karnali Province (Nepali: कर्णाली प्रदेश, romanized: Karṇālī pradēśa) is one of the seven federal provinces of Nepal formed by the new constitution, which was adopted on 20 September 2015. The total area of the province is 27,984 square kilometres (10,805 mi2), making it the largest province in Nepal with 18.97% of the country's area. According to the 2011 Nepal census, the population of the province was 1,570,418, making it the least populous province in Nepal. The province borders the Tibet Autonomous Region of China to the north, Gandaki Province to the east, Sudurpashchim Province to the west, and Lumbini Province to the south. Birendranagar with a population of 154,886 is both the province's capital and largest city.
Condensing steam locomotive
A condensing steam locomotive is a type of locomotive designed to recover exhaust steam, either in order to improve range between taking on boiler water, or to reduce emission of steam inside enclosed spaces. The apparatus takes the exhaust steam that would normally be used to produce a draft for the firebox, and routes it through a heat exchanger, into the boiler water tanks. Installations vary depending on the purpose, design and the type of locomotive to which it is fitted. It differs from the usual closed cycle condensing steam engine, in that the function of the condenser is primarily either to recover water, or to avoid excessive emissions to the atmosphere, rather than maintaining a vacuum to improve both efficiency and power.

Heat exchanger
A heat exchanger is a system used to transfer heat between a source and a working fluid. Heat exchangers are used in both cooling and heating processes. The fluids may be separated by a solid wall to prevent mixing or they may be in direct contact. They are widely used in space heating, refrigeration, air conditioning, power stations, chemical plants, petrochemical plants, petroleum refineries, natural-gas processing, and sewage treatment. The classic example of a heat exchanger is found in an internal combustion engine in which a circulating fluid known as engine coolant flows through radiator coils and air flows past the coils, which cools the coolant and heats the incoming air. Another example is the heat sink, which is a passive heat exchanger that transfers the heat generated by an electronic or a mechanical device to a fluid medium, often air or a liquid coolant.
Eddinger
Eddinger is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Mark Eddinger (born 1958), American musician, composer, arranger, and music producer

Pam Eddinger, American college president

Wallace Eddinger (1881–1929), American actor

Pam Eddinger
Pam Eddinger is the seventh president of the Bunker Hill Community College in Massachusetts, United States. Eddinger is the first Chinese-American President in the Massachusetts Community College System.
Leura, New South Wales
Leura (pronounced loo-ruh) is a village in the City of Blue Mountains local government area that is located 100 kilometres (62 mi) west of the Sydney central business district in New South Wales, Australia. It is one of the series of small towns stretched along the Main Western railway line and Great Western Highway that bisects the Blue Mountains National Park. Leura is situated adjacent to Katoomba, the largest centre in the upper mountains, and the two towns merge along Leura's western edge.

Main Western railway line
The Main Western railway line (or Great Western Railway) is a major railway in New South Wales, Australia. It runs through the Blue Mountains, and Central West regions. It is 825 kilometres (513 mi) long, of which 484 kilometres (301 mi) is currently operational.
Code duello
A code duello is a set of rules for a one-on-one combat, or duel. Codes duello regulate dueling and thus help prevent vendettas between families and other social factions. They ensure that non-violent means of reaching agreement are exhausted and that harm is reduced, both by limiting the terms of engagement and by providing medical care. Finally, they ensure that the proceedings have a number of witnesses. The witnesses could assure grieving members of factions of the fairness of the duel, and could help provide testimony if legal authorities become involved.

Horatii and Curiatii
In the ancient Roman legend of the regal period, the Horatii were three sibling warriors, sons of Publius Horatius (the elder), who lived during the reign of Tullus Hostilius.  The accounts of their epic clash with the Curiatii  appear in the writings of Livy. The story includes Publius Horatius (the younger), the sole survivor of the battle, murdering his sister for mourning the death of a beloved Curiatius.
Ongjin Line
The Ongjin Line is a partially electrified standard-gauge secondary line of the Korean State Railway in South Hwanghae Province, North Korea, running from Haeju on the Hwanghae Ch'ŏngnyŏn Line to Ongjin.

South Hwanghae Province
South Hwanghae Province (Hwanghaenamdo; Korean pronunciation: [ɸwaŋ.ɦɛ.nam.do], lit. "south Yellow Sea province") is a province in western North Korea. The province was formed in 1954 when the former Hwanghae Province was split into North and South Hwanghae. The provincial capital is Haeju.
Marie March
Marie March is an American restaurateur and politician who is a former delegate for the 7th district of the Virginia House of Delegates. March, a Republican, defeated Democratic nominee businessman Derek Kitts in the 2021 Virginia House of Delegates election.

March attended Donald Trump's rally on January 6, 2021 prior to the attack on the US Capitol. She claims to have left before the riot began.

In June 2023, March lost the Republican renomination for the 2023 Virginia House of Delegates election in a redistricting race to fellow incumbent Wren Williams.

Virginia's 7th House of Delegates district
Virginia's 7th House of Delegates district is one of 100 seats in the Virginia House of Delegates, the lower house of the state's bicameral legislature. District 7 covers portions of Fairfax County. The district is represented by Democrat Karen Keys-Gamarra.
Gollegiella
Gollegiella (Northern Sámi for "golden language", Southern Sami: Gulliegïele, Lule Sami: Gållegiella, Inari Sami: Kollekielâ, and Skolt Sami: Kåʹllǩiõll) is a pan-Nordic Sámi language award founded in 2004 by the ministers for Sámi affairs and the presidents of the Sámi Parliaments in Norway, Sweden, and Finland with the aim of promoting, developing and preserving the Sámi languages. The biennial award comes with a monetary prize that is currently 15,000 euros.

Individuals and institutions in Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Russia can nominate candidates. The award can be won by people, groups, organizations, and institutions individually or collectively.

Sámi Parliament of Sweden
The Sámi Parliament of Sweden (Swedish: Sametinget, Northern Sami: Sámediggi, Lule Sami: Sámedigge, Southern Sami: Saemiedigkie) is the representative body for people of Sámi heritage in Sweden based in Kiruna. It acts as an institution of cultural autonomy for the indigenous Sámi people.
At the Great American Music Hall
At the Great American Music Hall is a 1976 live album by Carmen McRae, recorded at the Great American Music Hall in San Francisco. McRae is joined on several tracks by the trumpeter Dizzy Gillespie, and backed by  her jazz trio of pianist Marshall Otwell, bassist Ed Bennett, and drummer Joey Baron. McRae was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Jazz Vocal Album at the 19th Annual Grammy Awards for her performance on this album.

19th Annual Grammy Awards
The 19th Annual Grammy Awards were held on February 19, 1977, and were broadcast live on American television (CBS). It was the seventh and final year Andy Williams hosted the telecast. The ceremony recognized accomplishments by musicians from the year 1976.

Helen Hayes's win made her the second person to become an EGOT.
Hekro Towers
Hekro Towers is a skyscraper in the Central Business District of Johannesburg, South Africa. Standing at an estimated 384.47 feet (117.19 metres), it is 30 storeys tall.

The building was constructed in 1969 as the President Hotel, and later operated as a Holiday Inn, before being converted to offices. It is owned by the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God, which also owns a church located next door.

Johannesburg CBD
The Johannesburg Central Business District, commonly called Johannesburg CBD, is one of the main business centres of Johannesburg, South Africa. It is the densest collection of skyscrapers in Africa, however, due to white flight and urban blight, many of the buildings are unoccupied as tenants have left for more secure locations in the Northern Suburbs, in particular Sandton and Rosebank. There are significant movements to revive the area.
George Foster Platt
George Foster Platt (July 27, 1866 – November 16, 1928) was an American stage actor as well as a director of stage and filmed shows. He was part of Thanhouser's short-lived Jacksonville, Florida, production unit.

Platt was born in Petersburg, Virginia. In April 1892, Platt married actress Beatrice Tait in Philadelphia.

He started his career working as an assistant to Winthrop Ames at the Little Theatre. He directed the Modern Players troupe at the Pabst Theater in Milwaukee in 1917 drawing a positive review from Sheldon Cheney.

Woman's Politics, a comedy in three acts, was copyrighted in his name in 1899. He directed a version of  The Affairs of Anatol in 1912.

He worked for Thanhouser. He survived the auto crash that killed Clinton H. Stagg May 5, 1916.

He directed the 1918 Broadway musical comedy The Squab Farm about the film industry featuring three film directors in the cast.

A collection of his papers is part of the Shubert archives in New York.

Winthrop Ames
Winthrop Ames (November 25, 1870 – November 3, 1937) was an American theatre director and producer, playwright and screenwriter.

For three decades at the beginning of the 20th century, Ames was an important force on Broadway, whose repertoire included directing and producing Shakespeare and classic plays, new plays, and revivals of Gilbert and Sullivan's Savoy operas.
1964 Chesapeake Bay crossing study
The 1964 Chesapeake Bay crossing study was a study conducted by the state of Maryland in 1964 to explore the possibility of building another bridge across the Chesapeake Bay in addition to the existing Chesapeake Bay Bridge.

Three bridges were proposed as part of the study: a northern crossing between Baltimore and Kent Counties, a parallel span built next to the existing bridge, and a southern crossing between Calvert and Dorchester Counties.  The crossings were authorized by the Maryland General Assembly in 1967 and the parallel span was completed in 1973.  Proposals to build the other two bridges remained active until the 1970s; however, neither bridge was ever built.

Baltimore County, Maryland
Baltimore County is the third-most populous county in the U.S. state of Maryland. The county is part of the Central Maryland region of the state. Baltimore County partly surrounds but does not include the independent city of Baltimore. It is part of the Northeast megalopolis, which stretches from Northern Virginia in the south to Boston in the north and includes major American population centers, including New York City and Philadelphia. Major economic sectors in the county include education, government, and health care. As of the 2020 census, the population was 854,535. The county is home to several universities, including Goucher College, Stevenson University, Towson University, and University of Maryland, Baltimore County.
Harry Leith-Ross
Harry "Tony" Leith-Ross (27 January 1886  – 15 March 1973) was a British-American landscape painter and teacher. He taught at the art colonies in Woodstock, New York and Rockport, Maine, and later was part of the art colony in New Hope, Pennsylvania. A precise draftsman and a superb colorist, Leith-Ross is considered one of the Pennsylvania Impressionists.

Rockport, Maine
Rockport is a town in Knox County, Maine, United States. It is 35 miles (56.3 km) southeast of Augusta. The population was 3,644 at the 2020 census. Rockport is a popular tourist destination and art colony.
Hemiksem
Hemiksem (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɦeːmɪksɛm], historical spellings Heymissen and Hemixem) is a municipality located in the Belgian province of Antwerp. The municipality only comprises the town of Hemiksem proper. In 2021, Hemiksem had a total population of 11,722. The total area is 5.44 km2.

Municipalities of Belgium
Belgium comprises 565 municipalities (Dutch: gemeenten; French: communes; German: Gemeinden), 285 of them grouped into five provinces in Flanders and 261 others in five provinces in Wallonia, while the remaining 19 are in the Brussels Capital Region, which is not divided in provinces. In most cases, the municipalities are the smallest administrative subdivisions of Belgium, but in municipalities with more than 100,000 inhabitants, on the initiative of the local council, sub-municipal administrative entities with elected councils may be created. As such, only Antwerp, having over 500,000 inhabitants, became subdivided into ten districts (Dutch: districten).

The Belgian arrondissements (Dutch: arrondissementen; French: arrondissements; German: Bezirke), an administrative level between province (or the capital region) and municipality, or the lowest judicial level, are in English sometimes called districts as well.