hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thomas Luff Perkins
Thomas Luff Perkins, CMG (21 September 1867 – 2 December 1940) was a British architect, engineer and colonial administrator from Bristol. He was the Director of Public Works of Hong Kong from 1921 to 1923.

He became an architect in 1904. He was a Member of the Institution of Civil Engineers (MICE) and the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA). When he was the Director of Public Works from 1921 to 1923, the Public Works Department built the Yau Ma Tei Police Station in 1922, the Cenotaph and Western Fire Station in 1923.

He received the Companionship of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) in 1924. Perkins Road in Jardine's Lookout, Hong Kong Island is named after him.

Jardine's Lookout
Jardine's Lookout (Chinese: 渣甸山) is a mountain in Wan Chai District, Hong Kong, with a height of 433 metres (1,421 ft). It is located east of Happy Valley, south of Causeway Bay, and west of Braemar Hill and north of Tai Tam Country Park.

A low-density, high-end residential area called Jardine's Lookout can be found between Wong Nai Chung Gap and Mount Butler. The residential area of Jardine’s Lookout consists of thirteen roads named after famous British persons during Hong Kong’s colonial times. Addresses on Tai Hang Road, Tai Hang Drive and Chun Fai Road are considered to be Tai Hang Mid-levels or Happy Valley, not Jardine’s Lookout.

Jardine's Lookout is surrounded by several other hills including Mount Nicholson, Violet Hill and Mount Butler.
Salamandre River
The Salamandre River is a tributary of the south shore of the Broadback River which flows west to the Rupert Bay, located south of the James Bay. The Salamandre River flows in the municipality of Eeyou Istchee Baie-James (municipality), in the administrative region of Nord-du-Québec, in Quebec, in Canada.

The watershed area of the Salamandre River has few vehicular forest roads; however, the northern route from Matagami passes 38.8 kilometres (24.1 mi) south-west of Salamandre Lake (Broadback River). The surface of the river is usually frozen from early November to mid-May, however, safe ice circulation is generally from mid-November to mid-April.

Rupert Bay
Rupert Bay is a large bay located on the south-east shore of James Bay, in Canada. Although the coast is part of the province of Quebec, the waters of the bay are under jurisdiction of the territory of Nunavut.
I. N. Debenham House
The I. N. Debenham House is a private house located at 1101 Emmet Street in Petoskey, Michigan. It was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

The I. N. Debenham House is a 2+1⁄2-story frame Queen Anne structure with multiple gabled and hip roof bays. A single-story wing is attached at the rear. The house is covered with clapboards, with fishscale shingles ornamenting the gable ends. A single-story porch wraps around the facade, with an additional small porch on the second story. Both porches have turned decorative elements. The windows have a single pane on the bottom, with multi-light units above.

The house was built some time before 1899. It is associated with I.N. Debenham, a carpenter who lived here around the turn of the century, and Benjamin Snatts, an inspector for the Michigan Telephone Company, who lived here after 1903.

Petoskey, Michigan
Petoskey (/pəˈtɒski/ pə-TOSS-kee) is the largest city in and the county seat of Emmet County, Michigan, and is the largest settlement within the county. Petoskey has a population of 5,877 at the 2020 census, up from 5,670 at the 2010 census.

Petoskey is part of Northern Michigan, and is one of the northernmost cities in Michigan's Lower Peninsula. Petoskey is located on the southern shore of Little Traverse Bay, a bay of Lake Michigan. Petoskey sits directly across the bay from Harbor Springs, another Emmet County city. Petoskey is a popular Midwestern resort town.

Petoskey lends its name to the Petoskey stone, a fossilized coral that is the state stone of Michigan.
Hornerstown Formation
The Hornerstown Formation is a latest Cretaceous to early Paleocene-aged geologic formation in New Jersey. It preserves a variety of fossil remains, including those of dinosaurs, and contains direct evidence of the mass mortality that occurred at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary.

Outcrops of the Hornerstown Formation are known from sites such as Edelman Fossil Park.

Mass mortality event
A mass mortality event (MME), also known as a mass die-off (or simply die-off), is an incident that kills a vast number of individuals of a single species in a short period of time. The event may put a species at risk of extinction or upset an ecosystem. This is distinct from the mass die-off associated with short lived and synchronous emergent insect taxa which is a regular and non-catastrophic occurrence.

Causes of MME's include disease and human-related activities such as pollution. Climatic extremes and other environmental influences such as oxygen stress in aquatic environments play a role, as does starvation. In many MME's there are multiple stressors. An analysis of such events from 1940 to 2012 found that these events have become more common for birds, fish and marine invertebrates, but have declined for amphibians and reptiles and not changed for mammals.
Beaugay
Beaugay (foaled 1943 in Kentucky) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse who was voted the 1945 American Champion Two-Year-Old Filly. Bred by Arthur B. Hancock at his Claiborne Farm near Paris, Kentucky, she was purchased at the 1944 July Selected Yearling sale for $22,000 by cosmetics queen Elizabeth Arden who campaigned her under the name of her Maine Chance Farm.

Claiborne Farm
Claiborne Farm is a thoroughbred horse breeding operation near Paris, Kentucky. It was established in 1910 by Arthur B. Hancock, owner of Ellerslie Stud in Albemarle County, Virginia, and has been operated by members of his family ever since.
Johnny Angel
Johnny Angel is a 1945 American film noir directed by Edwin L. Marin and written by Steve Fisher (adapted by Frank Gruber) from the 1944 novel Mr. Angel Comes Aboard by Charles Gordon Booth.  The movie stars George Raft, Claire Trevor and Signe Hasso, and features Hoagy Carmichael.

Steve Fisher (writer)
Stephen Gould Fisher (August 29, 1912 – March 27, 1980) was an American author best known for his pulp stories, novels and screenplays. He is one of the few pulp authors to go on to enjoy success as both an author in "slick" magazines, such as the Saturday Evening Post, and as an in-demand writer in Hollywood.
Badzaat
Badzaat (lit:low-born) is a Pakistani romantic drama television series produced by Abdullah Kadwani and Asad Qureshi under their banner 7th Sky Entertainment and first aired on Har Pal Geo on 2 March 2022. It is written by Misbah Nosheen and directed by Siraj-ul-Haque. The series stars Imran Ashraf and Urwa Hocane in leading roles with the supporting cast of Ali Abbas, Saba Faisal, Mehmood Aslam, Zainab Qayyum, Zoya Nasir, Nida Mumtaz and Sidra Niazi.

Asad Qureshi (producer)
Asad Qureshi, is a Pakistani producer, and Chief Operating Officer (COO) of Geo Entertainment, a leading entertainment television network of Pakistan.

Asad Qureshi is also a producer at 7th Sky Entertainment.
Roche-a-Cri Petroglyphs
The Roche-a-Cri Petroglyphs, also known as the Friendship Glyphs, are a Registered Historic Place in Roche-a-Cri State Park, near Friendship, Adams County, Wisconsin.  They consist of Oneota rock art, mostly petroglyphs resembling birds, canoes and geometric designs. They were added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1981. The petroglyphs were vandalized by soldiers and area settlers between 1845 and the 1880s, notably Company D of the Wisconsin 1st Cavalry Sharpshooters in 1861.

Petroglyph
A petroglyph is an image created by removing part of a rock surface by incising, picking, carving, or abrading, as a form of rock art. The term generally refers to rock engravings of ancient origin, often associated with prehistoric peoples. The oldest petroglyphs in the world are deemed to be those at Murujuga in Western Australia, which are 40,000–50,000 years old. Some petroglyphs are classified as protected monuments and some have been added to the list of UNESCO's World Heritage Sites, or such status has been applied for.
Oregon College of Art and Craft
The Oregon College of Art and Craft (OCAC) was a private art college from 1907 to 2019 in Portland, Oregon, United States.

The college granted Bachelor of Fine Arts and Master of Fine Arts degrees as well as art-focused certificates. The college offered an Artist-in-Residence program and provided continuing education in the arts to the local community. It was founded by Julia Christiansen Hoffman, a photographer, painter, sculptor, metal worker and weaver, out of her desire to foster the Arts and Crafts movement through classes and exhibitions. The college closed at the end of the spring 2019 semester.

Artist-in-residence
Artist-in-residence (also Writer-in-residence), or artist residencies, encompass a wide spectrum of artistic programs that involve a collaboration between artists and hosting organisations, institutions, or communities. They are programs that provide artists with space and resources to support their artistic practice. Contemporary artist residencies are becoming increasingly thematic, with artists working together with their host in pursuit of a specific outcome related to a particular theme.
Alberto Rodrigues
Sir Alberto Maria Rodrigues CBE ED FRCPE (Chinese: 羅理基, 5 November 1911 – 5 February 2006) was a Hong Kong medical doctor, academic and politician. He was Senior Unofficial Member of the Executive Council of Hong Kong, and Pro-Chancellor and Chairman of Executive Council of the University of Hong Kong.

Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh
The Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh (RCPE) is a medical royal college in Scotland. It is one of three organisations that set the specialty training standards for physicians in the United Kingdom. It was established by royal charter in 1681. The college has more than 14,000 fellows and members worldwide, who are entitled to use the post-nominal MRCP (Edin) or FRCP (Edin).
Oliver Roggisch
Oliver Roggisch (born 25 August 1978 in Villingen-Schwenningen) is a retired German team handball player and coach. He is the sporting director for the Löwen and the German national team. Roggisch is a World champion from 2007 with the German national team. He participated for the German team that finished fourth at the 2008 European Men's Handball Championship.

2008 European Men's Handball Championship
The 2008 EHF European Men's Handball Championship (8th tournament) was held in Norway from 17 to 27 January, in the cities of Bergen, Drammen, Lillehammer, Stavanger and Trondheim. Denmark won the tournament with Croatia second and France third. This was the first time Denmark won a major international tournament.
Amaravati ki Kathayein
Amravati Ki Kathayein is an Indian anthology TV series, based on the Telugu short story collection "Amaravati Kathalu" by Satyam Sankaramanchi. It was produced by Venugopal K Thakker (Provideo) and directed by Shyam Benegal and aired on the main channel of Indian National Broadcaster Doordarshan. It originally was telecast every Monday from 29 May to 29 August 1995 with a total of 13 episodes. The series had a second run in 2005.

The stories were based in village of Amaravati, in the state of Andhra Pradesh. It depicted snippets from daily life of the people of the village. In a review, Sheila Vajpayee of Indian Express wrote, "Amaravati Ki Kathayein is a rebuke to all of us who consistently complain that television and quality are irreconcilable enemies." Writing for The Times of India, Iqbal Masood called the series "path breaking" and urged Doordarshan "to make its channels more decent and civilized with series like Amaravati Ki Kathayein". The episodes are about 22½ minutes long.

Doordarshan
Doordarshan (lit. 'distant vision, television'), abbreviated as DD, is India's state-owned public television broadcaster. Established by the Government of India on 15 September 1959, it is owned by the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting and constitutes one of Prasar Bharati's two divisions. Doordarshan, one of India's largest broadcasting organisations in studio and transmitter infrastructure, delivers television, radio, online, and mobile services across metropolitan and regional India, and internationally. It also broadcasts via digital terrestrial transmitters.
Mount Erskine
Mount Erskine is a residential neighbourhood within the city of George Town in the Malaysian state of Penang. This hilly neighbourhood is located 4 km (2.5 mi) northwest of the city centre, between Tanjung Tokong and Pulau Tikus.

Notable for its large Chinese cemeteries established by the Cantonese, Teochew and Hokkien communities on Penang Island, the neighbourhood witnesses a considerable increase in activity during the annual Qingming Festival.

Central George Town, Penang
Central George Town is the city centre of George Town, the capital of the Malaysian state of Penang. It corresponds to the eponymous subdivision of George Town, which is mostly identical to the original city limits established when George Town was granted city status in 1957.

Encompassing 19 km2 (7.3 sq mi) of the northeastern promontory of Penang Island, the city centre stretches from Gurney Drive in the northwest to The Light Waterfront development in the southeast, encompassing the Central Business District and the 260 ha (2.6 km2) UNESCO World Heritage Site. It is also home to the seats of the executive and legislative branches of the Penang state government.
Jakes Peak
Jakes Peak is a 9,187-foot-elevation (2,800-meter) mountain summit located in the Sierra Nevada mountain range in El Dorado County, California, United States. It is set within the Desolation Wilderness, on land managed by Eldorado National Forest. This iconic peak is situated above the southwest shore of Lake Tahoe, and approximately seven miles (11 km) northwest of the community of South Lake Tahoe. Topographic relief is significant as the east aspect rises 2,950 feet (900 meters) above the lake in 1.5 miles (2.4 km).

South Lake Tahoe, California
South Lake Tahoe is the most populous city in El Dorado County, California, United States, in the Sierra Nevada mountains. The city's population was 21,330 at the 2020 census, down from 21,403 at the 2010 census. The city, along the southern edge of Lake Tahoe, extends about 5 miles (8 km) west-southwest along U.S. Route 50, also known as Lake Tahoe Boulevard. The east end of the city, on the California–Nevada state line right next to the town of Stateline, Nevada, is mainly geared towards tourism, restaurants, hotels, and Heavenly Mountain Resort with the Nevada casinos just across the state line in Stateline. The western end of town is mainly residential, and clusters around "The Y", the intersection of US 50, State Route 89, and the continuation of Lake Tahoe Boulevard after it loses its federal highway designation.
Duffie
Duffie or Duffié is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alfred N. Duffié (1833–1880), French-American soldier and diplomat who served in the Crimean War and the American Civil War

Darrell Duffie (born 1954), Canadian economist

Grace Duffie Boylan (1861–1935), American writer

John Duffie (born 1945), former pitcher in Major League Baseball

Kieran Duffie (born 1992), professional Football player

Matt Duffie (born 1990), professional rugby league player

Paul Duffie (born 1951), former politician, lawyer and judge in the Canadian province of New Brunswick

William R. Duffie (1931–1999), forestry engineer and political figure in New Brunswick, Canada

John Duffie
John Brown Duffie (October 4, 1945 – April 19, 2018) was an American pitcher in Major League Baseball. He was the starting pitcher in two games for the Los Angeles Dodgers during the 1967 MLB season. Duffie died on April 19, 2018, at the age of 72 at Coffee Regional Medical Center following a brief illness.
Ramdeo Verma
Ramdeo Verma, also known as Ramdeo Mahto, was an Indian politician, belonging to the Communist Party of India (Marxist). Verma served as a member of the Bihar Legislative Assembly from Bibhutipur from 1980 to 1985 and 1990 to 2010. His wife Manju Prakash also served as a member of the Bihar Legislative Assembly from Buxar (Vidhan Sabha constituency) from 1990 to 2000. He was a leader of the communist movement in the region of Bibhutipur, popularly known as 'Moscow' of Samastipur.  After 2020 November, he joined Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Liberation.

Buxar Assembly constituency
Buxar Assembly constituency is one of the 243 assembly constituencies of Bihar Vidhan Sabha. It comes under Buxar (Lok Sabha constituency) for parliamentary elections. In 2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election, Buxar will be one of the 36 seats to have VVPAT enabled electronic voting machines.
DataNeutrality
DataNeutrality.org is a New York-based non-profit organization that is dedicated to creating socially responsible data collection protocols for the internet.

DataNeutrality works in concert with another New York-based organization, the for-profit start-up Mezzobit, to set data rules, perform compliance for Mezzobit, and send report cards to Mezzobit customers. A primary focus of the organizations is to govern the operation of third-party data collection tags, also called web beacons, and website visitor tracking. The intention is to create a self-regulatory framework for Internet data to augment industry standard and regulatory efforts.

The pairing of these two organizations is an example of the Regulation 2.0 paradigm that encourages corporate transparency and accountability to promote sustainable and positive societal outcomes.

Data collection
Data collection or data gathering is the process of gathering and measuring information on targeted variables in an established system, which then enables one to answer relevant questions and evaluate outcomes. Data collection is a research component in all study fields, including physical and social sciences, humanities, and business. While methods vary by discipline, the emphasis on ensuring accurate and honest collection remains the same. The goal for all data collection is to capture evidence that allows data analysis to lead to the formulation of credible answers to the questions that have been posed.

Regardless of the field of or preference for defining data (quantitative or qualitative), accurate data collection is essential to maintain research integrity. The selection of appropriate data collection instruments (existing, modified, or newly developed) and delineated instructions for their correct use reduce the likelihood of errors.
Thomas Henry Barker
Thomas Henry Barker (18 May 1841 – 9 April 1917) was Secretary of the Liverpool Chamber of Commerce from 1884 to 1912. He was made Chevalier of the Order of Saint Anna for his services (along with those of Alfred Lewis Jones) to the duma during the Russian imperial visit to Cowes in 1909.

Duma
A duma (Russian: дума) is a Russian assembly with advisory or legislative functions.

The term boyar duma is used to refer to advisory councils in Russia from the 10th to 17th centuries. Starting in the 18th century, city dumas were formed across Russia.

The first formally constituted state duma was the Imperial State Duma introduced to the Russian Empire by Emperor Nicholas II in 1905. The Emperor retained an absolute veto and could dismiss the State Duma at any time for a suitable reason. Nicholas dismissed the First State Duma (1906) within 75 days;   elections for a second Duma took place the following year. The Russian Provisional Government dissolved the last Imperial State Duma (the fourth Duma) in 1917 during the Russian Revolution.

Since 1993, the State Duma (Государственная дума, Gosudarstvennaya Duma) has functioned as the lower legislative house of the Russian Federation.
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 240
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 240 (P. Oxy. 240 or P. Oxy. II 240) is a declaration by a village scribe, written in Greek. It was discovered in Oxyrhynchus. The manuscript was written on papyrus in the form of a sheet. It is dated 11 February 37. Currently it is housed at the British Library in London.

Papyrus
Papyrus (/pəˈpaɪrəs/ pə-PY-rəs) is a material similar to thick paper that was used in ancient times as a writing material. It was made from the pith of the papyrus plant, Cyperus papyrus, a wetland sedge. Papyrus (plural: papyri or papyruses) can also refer to a document written on sheets of such material, joined side by side and rolled up into a scroll, an early form of a book.

Papyrus was first known to have been used in Egypt (at least as far back as the First Dynasty), as the papyrus plant was once abundant across the Nile Delta. It was also used throughout the Mediterranean region. Apart from writing material, ancient Egyptians employed papyrus in the construction of other artifacts, such as reed boats, mats, rope, sandals, and baskets.
Joe Cunningham (trade unionist)
Joe Cunningham is an Irish trade union leader.

Born in Galway, Cunningham worked for Lydon House, a local catering and events company.  He joined the Workers' Union of Ireland, and became a shop steward, then won election to the union's western area branch committee, before becoming the union's full-time official for the West.

In 1990, the union became part of the new Services, Industrial, Professional and Technical Union (SIPTU), with Cunningham covering the Midland counties, then becoming regional secretary for the Western region, later moving to the Northern region.  In 2010, he was appointed as head of the union's Strategic Organising Department.

In 2020, Cunningham was elected as general secretary of the union, with his early period in office dominated by the COVID-19 pandemic.  As leader of the union, he proposed that the government should borrow to invest in housing, health and education.

Union representative
A union representative, union steward, or shop steward is an employee of an organization or company who represents and defends the interests of their fellow employees as a trades/labour union member and official. Rank-and-file members of the union hold this position voluntarily (through democratic election by fellow workers or sometimes by appointment of a higher union body) while maintaining their role as an employee of the firm. As a result, the union steward becomes a significant link and conduit of information between the union leadership and rank-and-file workers. Above the steward level, a bargaining unit chair is typically elected to coordinate union activities across the unit, lead formal negotiations, and represent the unit in dealings with management and the union’s executive leadership.
Sunny Dooley
Sunny Dooley is a Diné storyteller born into the Saltwater Clan and born from the Water's Edge Clan. She shares Hane', or Diné Blessingway stories, and is a former Miss Navajo Nation, having won the title in 1982.

Navajo song ceremonial complex
The Navajo song ceremonial complex is a spiritual practice used by certain Navajo ceremonial people to restore and maintain balance and harmony in the lives of the people. One half of the ceremonial complex is the Blessing Way, while the other half is the Enemy Way (Anaʼí Ndááʼ).
Elizabeth Carabalí
Elizabeth Carabalí Rodríguez (born 23 July 2001) is a Colombian professional footballer who plays as a full-back for Portuguese Campeonato Nacional Feminino club Famalicão. She has also played for the Colombia under-17 national team.

Campeonato Nacional Feminino
The Campeonato Nacional Feminino (English: Women's National Championship), also known as Liga BPI for sponsorship reasons, is the top-tier women's association football league in Portugal and part of the various women's football competitions in Portugal. It is run by the Portuguese Football Federation and began in 1993. An initial ten teams compete in the league, which replaced the Taça Nacional as the highest level of women's football in Portugal. The current champions are Benfica, who won their fourth consecutive title in 2023–24. The most successful team is S.U. 1º de Dezembro, with 12 titles.