hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hattie Ellis
Hattie Ellis is a British food writer and journalist.

Ellis trained as a journalist with Westminster Press and as a cook at Leith's Cookery School. She was a reporter on the Bath Evening Chronicle, a researcher for the BBC's Food and Drink programme, an associate producer for Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall's A Cook on the Wild Side, Escape to River Cottage and TV Dinners and also worked on Dorinda Hafner's Tastes of Britain. She has appeared on Breakfast Time, Woman's Hour and The Food Programme.

Dorinda Hafner
Dorinda Hafner (born 1947) is a Ghanaian-born Australian celebrity chef, television presenter, author, actress, dancer/choreographer, public speaker and writer. She is also an optician and registered nurse.
Sanjak of Ankara
The Sanjak of Ankara was a second-level province (sanjak) of the Ottoman Empire.

The town of Ankara became part of the Ottoman state in 1361 or perhaps in 1354. It was the first capital (pasha sanjak) of the Anatolia Eyalet from its formation in the late 14th century until the late 15th century, when it was moved to Kütahya. The sanjak of Ankara remained part of Anatolia Eyalet until the latter's dissolution ca. 1841–46, when it became the seat of the new Ankara Eyalet. This was merged into the Bozok Eyalet in 1849, but Ankara remained the capital, and after 1852 the province was once more known as the Ankara Eyalet, and after 1867 as the Ankara Vilayet.

In 1912, the sanjak of Ankara comprised the districts (kazas) of Ankara proper, Ayaş, Beypazarı, Nallıhan, Mihalıççık, Sivrihisar, Haymana, Bala, Yabanabad and Kalecik.

Nallıhan
Nallıhan is a municipality and district of Ankara Province, Turkey. Its area is 2,079 km2, and its population 26,553 (2022). It is 157 km from the city of Ankara. Its elevation is 625 m.

Nallıhan is one of many towns that claim to be the burial place of Taptuk Emre, who lived in the 12-13th century, and was the teacher of the popular folk poet and dervish Yunus Emre. Nallıhan Davutoğlan Bird Paradise attracts local and foreign tourists.
Grégoire Maertens
Grégoire Maertens (born 1 January 1924) is a Belgian Esperantist who was a member of the Estraro (steering committee) for the UEA (Universala Esperanto-Asocio or World Esperanto Association) from 1977 until 1992. From 1980 until 1986, he was president of the UEA, and an honorary member from 1993 onwards.

Maertens was born in Bruges, West Flanders, where he became active in the local Esperanto movement in Bruges as of 1946 and became a member of the BEF (Belga Esperanto-Federacio or Belgian Esperanto Federation).  He was a lecturer at the AIS (Akademio Internacia de la Sciencoj or International Academy of Science) in San Marino, where he was also treasurer from 1992 until 1995.

He turned 100 on 1 January 2024. On this occasion, he received a personal letter of congratulations from George Soros, whom Maertens had helped move to England shortly after the two met at the 1947 International Esperanto Youth Congress in Bern.

Universal Esperanto Association
The World Esperanto Association (Esperanto: Universala Esperanto-Asocio, UEA), also known as the Universal Esperanto Association, is the largest international organization of Esperanto speakers, with 5,501 individual members in 121 countries and 9,215 through national associations (in 2015) in 214 countries. In addition to individual members, 70 national Esperanto organizations are affiliated with UEA. Its current president is Fernando Maia. The magazine Esperanto is the main publication to inform UEA members about everything happening in the Esperanto community.

The UEA was founded in 1908 by the Swiss journalist Hector Hodler and others and is now headquartered in Rotterdam, Netherlands. The organization has official relations with the United Nations and has an office at the United Nations headquarters in New York City.
Northern Manitoba
Northern Manitoba (also known as NorMan or Nor-Man) is a geographic and cultural region of the Canadian province of Manitoba. Manitoba originally encompassed only a small square around the Red River Colony, but it was extended north to the 60th parallel in 1912, thus acquiring a large northern region. The region's specific boundaries vary, as "northern" communities are considered to share certain social and geographic characteristics, regardless of latitude.

Churchill, Manitoba
Churchill is a subarctic port town in northern Manitoba, Canada, on the west shore of Hudson Bay, roughly 140 km (87 mi) from the Manitoba–Nunavut border. It was named after John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough and governor of the Hudson's Bay Company from 1685 to 1691. It is well known for the many polar bears that move toward the shore from inland in the autumn, leading to the nickname "Polar Bear Capital of the World" and to the benefit of its burgeoning tourism industry.
Ironsides Island
Ironsides Island is an uninhabited rocky island in the Saint Lawrence River, and part of the Thousand Islands region near Alexandria Bay, New York. It is in both Jefferson and St. Lawrence counties. Most of the island lies in the town of Alexandria, in Jefferson County, while its northeasternmost corner lies in the town of Hammond, in St. Lawrence County. The island is located near Kring Point State Park.

The 30-acre (12 ha) island has 30-to-40-foot (9 to 12 m) cliffs along its waterfront, and its vegetation is dominated by white pine trees. It was donated by former Reader's Digest ad executive William Browning to The Nature Conservancy in the late 1960s to ensure protection of the island's great blue heron rookery. Over a thousand herons return to breed every April.  It was declared a National Natural Landmark in 1967.

Prior permission from The Nature Conservancy is required to land on the island, but it can easily be viewed from the water.

Great blue heron
The great blue heron (Ardea herodias) is a large wading bird in the heron family Ardeidae, common near the shores of open water and in wetlands over most of North and Central America, as well as far northwestern South America, the Caribbean and the Galápagos Islands. It is occasionally found in the Azores and is a rare vagrant to Europe. An all-white population found in south Florida and the Florida Keys is known as the great white heron. Debate exists about whether these white birds are a color morph of the great blue heron, a subspecies of it, or an entirely separate species.
Thomas Master (died 1770)
Thomas Master (1690 – 5 February 1770), of Cirencester Abbey, Wiltshire, was an English Tory politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1712 to 1747.

Master was the son of Thomas Master of Cirencester Abbey and his wife  Elizabeth Driver, daughter of John Driver of Aston, Gloucestershire and was baptised on 12 July 1690. He matriculated at Christ Church, Oxford in 1706. He married Joanna Chapman, daughter of Jasper Chapman of Stratton, Gloucestershire in April 1709 and succeeded his father in 1710.

Master was elected Tory Member of Parliament for Cirencester at a by-election on 23 January 1712 and topped the poll at the 1713 British general election.

Master was returned as MP for Cirencester in  1715, 1722, 1727 and 1734, His only recorded speech was on 3 May 1736 when he opposed the Quaker tithe bill. He was returned again in 1741 but at the 1747, he stood down in favour of his son Thomas.

Master died at the age of about 79. His son Thomas predeceased him.

Cirencester (UK Parliament constituency)
Cirencester was a parliamentary constituency in Gloucestershire. From 1571 until 1885, it was a parliamentary borough, which returned two Member of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom until 1868, and one member between 1868 and 1885. In 1885 the borough was abolished but the name was transferred to the county constituency in which it stood; this constituency was abolished for the 1918 general election.
Yglesias
Yglesias is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

The Yglesias literary and journalistic family
Helen Yglesias (née Bassine) (1915–2008), American novelist, wife of Jose
Jose Yglesias (1919–1995), American novelist, husband of Helen
Rafael Yglesias (born 1954), American novelist and screenwriter, son of Jose and Helen
Matthew Yglesias (born 1981), American journalist, son of Rafael

Rafael Yglesias Castro (1861–1924), Costa Rican politician

Matthew Yglesias
Matthew Yglesias (/ɪˈɡleɪsiəs/; born May 18, 1981) is an American blogger and journalist who writes about economics and politics. Yglesias has written columns and articles for publications such as The American Prospect, The Atlantic, and Slate. In 2014, he co-founded the news website Vox.

In November 2020, Yglesias left his position as an editor and columnist at Vox to publish the newsletter Slow Boring. In the same month, he joined the Niskanen Center as a senior fellow.
Jagdgeschwader 52
Jagdgeschwader 52 (JG 52) was a German World War II fighter Geschwader (wing) that exclusively used the Messerschmitt Bf 109 throughout the war. The unit originally formed near Munich in November 1938, then moved to a base near Stuttgart. JG 52 became the most successful fighter-Geschwader of the war, with a claimed total of more than 10,000 victories over enemy aircraft during World War II. It was the unit of the top three scoring flying aces of all time, Erich Hartmann, Gerhard Barkhorn and Günther Rall.

Kerch
Kerch, also known as Kerich, is a city of on the Kerch Peninsula in the east of Crimea. It has a population of 147,033 (2014 Census).

Founded 2,600 years ago as the ancient Greek colony Pantikapaion, Kerch is one of the most ancient cities in Crimea. The city experienced rapid growth starting in the 1920s and was the site of a major battle during World War II.

Today, it is one of the largest cities in Crimea and is among the area's most important industrial, transport and tourist centres. As with the rest of Crimea, it has been occupied by Russian forces since the Russian annexation of Crimea in 2014.
Realm of the Desert Sons
Realm of the Desert Sons (German: Im Reich der Wüstensöhne) is a German-style board game published in 2008 by Klaus Teuber, published by Kosmos in Germany.  It is the second game in the Entdecker trilogy of games, a series of games featuring the mechanics of Teuber's previous game, Entdecker, adapted to new themes.  Unlike the previous game, Realm of the Jade Goddess, Desert Sons was available for a wide release, though there are no plans to publish the game outside of the original German language.  However, a computer implementation has been available on the Catan GmbH website, with a full English language translation.

Desert Sons is considered to be the middle game in terms of complexity in the trilogy, roughly on par with the original Entdecker.

Eurogame
A Eurogame, also called a German-style board game, German game, or Euro-style game (generally only referred to as board games in Europe), is a class of tabletop games which generally feature indirect player interaction, lack of player elimination, and provide multiple ways to score points. Eurogames are sometimes contrasted with American-style board games which generally involve more luck, conflict, and drama. They are usually less abstract than chess or Go, but more focused on economic competition than wargames. Likewise, they generally require more thought and planning than party games like Pictionary and Trivial Pursuit.
The Raine Group
The Raine Group, commonly referred to as Raine, is a global merchant bank focused exclusively on industries related to technology, media and telecommunications (TMT). Companies the firm has been involved with significantly include Endeavor, SoftBank Group, WWE and Ultimate Fighting Championship. It has also been involved with several Premier League football clubs.

Outside the U.S., the firm has offices in Europe and Asia.

Merchant bank
A merchant bank is historically a bank dealing in commercial loans and investment. In modern British usage, it is the same as an investment bank. Merchant banks were the first modern banks and evolved from medieval merchants who traded in commodities, particularly cloth merchants. Historically, merchant banks' purpose was to facilitate or finance the production and trade of commodities, hence the name merchant. Few banks today restrict their activities to such a narrow scope.

In modern usage in the United States, the term additionally has taken on a more narrow meaning, and refers to a financial institution providing capital to companies in form of share ownership instead of loans. A merchant bank also provides advice on corporate matters to the firms in which they invest.
Batal Hajji Belkhoroev
Batal Hajji Belkhoroev (Ingush: Белхарой Батӏал-Хьажа, romanized: Belxaroj Bathal-X́aža; c. 1824–1914) was an Ingush sheikh of the Qadiri Sufi order (tariqa) who founded his own independent Sufi suborder (wird).

At early age both of his parents died, after which, he moved to Chechnya. There Batal Hajji met Kunta-Haji, a Chechen Sufi sheikh who became his mentor. He was an outlaw (abrek) and supporter of Imam Shamil during the Caucasian War. Batal Hajji founded his own independent wird upon the arrest and exile of Kunta-Haji in 1864 or upon Kunta-Haji's death in 1867. Today it continues to exists amongst Ingush, and partly, amongst the Chechens and Kumyks. In 1911, after being accused of harbouring the Chechen outlaw Zelimkhan he was exiled to Kozelsk, later dying there in 1914.

Kumyks
Kumyks (Kumyk: Къумукълар, romanized: Qumuqlar, Russian: Кумыки) are a Turkic ethnic group living in Dagestan, Chechnya and North Ossetia. They are the largest Turkic people in the North Caucasus.

They traditionally populate the Kumyk Plateau (northern Dagestan and northeastern Chechnya), lands bordering the Caspian Sea, areas in North Ossetia, Chechnya and along the banks of the Terek River. They speak the Kumyk language, which until the 1930s had been the lingua franca of the Northern Caucasus.

Territories where Kumyks have traditionally lived, and where their historical state entities used to exist, are called Kumykia (Kumyk: Къумукъ, Qumuq). All of the lands populated by Kumyks were once part of the independent Tarki Shamkhalate.
Charles Leroux
Charles Leroux (born as Joseph Johnson; 31 October 1856 in Waterbury, Connecticut, United States – 24 September 1889 in Tallinn, Estonia, then Russian Empire) was an American balloonist and parachutist.

He died on his 239th jump after a water landing in the Tallinn Bay. One hundred years later, in 1989, a commemorative monument to Leroux was opened near his site of death in the Pirita district of Tallinn, capital of Estonia.

Balloon (aeronautics)
In aeronautics, a balloon is an unpowered aerostat, which remains aloft or floats due to its buoyancy. It may use hot air as a lifting gas, or it may use gas that is not air like hydrogen or helium. A balloon may be free, moving with the wind, or tethered to a fixed point. It is distinct from an airship, which is a powered aerostat that can propel itself through the air in a controlled manner.

Many balloons have a basket, gondola, or capsule suspended beneath the main envelope for carrying people or equipment (including cameras and telescopes, and flight-control mechanisms).
Get with Me
Get With Me is the second studio album to be released by the R&B and hip hop group 3rd Storee, released on April 16, 2002 by Def Jam. The leading single track of the album "Get With Me", also features rapper Joe Budden The soulful ballad "I'm Sorry" was featured on the Rush Hour 2 soundtrack. "Superstar" was marketed as another single on the album's packaging promotion however didn't reach commercial success.

Def Jam Recordings
Def Jam Recordings (also simply known as Def Jam) is an American multinational record label owned by Universal Music Group. It is based in Manhattan, New York City, specializing predominantly in hip-hop, contemporary R&B, soul and pop.

The label has a London-based, UK arm known as 0207 Def Jam (formerly Def Jam UK in the 1990s until the mid-2000s) and is currently operated through EMI Records. It has a Johannesburg, South Africa and Lagos, Nigeria-based arm known as Def Jam Africa.
Rat Island (Seychelles)
Rat Island is a small unpopulated granitic islet (0.01 km²) in the Seychelles, Located 600 m east of the island of Mahé, near the runway of the Seychelles International Airport. the island is 1.3 km from other neighboring Anonyme Island. 
Rat Island is almost circular in shape, its length is 88 meters, width - 93 m. It has some low growing shrubs.

Seychelles International Airport
Seychelles International Airport (French: Aéroport de la Pointe Larue; IATA: SEZ, ICAO: FSIA) is the international airport of the Seychelles located on the island of Mahé near the capital city of Victoria. The airport is the home base and the head office of Air Seychelles and features several regional and long-haul routes due to its importance as the gateway to a major international leisure destination.

The airport is 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) southeast of the capital and is accessible by the Victoria-Providence Highway. It forms part of the administrative districts of La Pointe Larue (terminal area), Cascade/Providence (in the North), and Anse aux Pins (in the south and military base).
Literal movement grammar
In linguistics and theoretical computer science, literal movement grammars (LMGs) are a grammar formalism intended to characterize certain extraposition phenomena of natural language such as topicalization and cross-serial dependency. LMGs extend the class of context free grammars (CFGs) by adding introducing pattern-matched function-like rewrite semantics, as well as the operations of variable binding and slash deletion. LMGs were introduced by A.V. Groenink in 1995.

Theoretical computer science
Theoretical computer science is a subfield of computer science and mathematics that focuses on the abstract and mathematical foundations of computation.

It is difficult to circumscribe the theoretical areas precisely. The ACM's Special Interest Group on Algorithms and Computation Theory (SIGACT) provides the following description:

TCS covers a wide variety of topics including algorithms, data structures, computational complexity, parallel and distributed computation, probabilistic computation, quantum computation, automata theory, information theory, cryptography, program semantics and verification, algorithmic game theory, machine learning, computational biology, computational economics, computational geometry, and computational number theory and algebra. Work in this field is often distinguished by its emphasis on mathematical technique and rigor.
Secretary of War and Navy (Mexico)
The Secretary of War and Navy (Spanish: Secretario de Guerra y Marina) was a member of the federal executive cabinet as well as a high-ranking officer with the responsibility of commanding the Mexican Army and Mexican Navy (including the Naval Infantry Corps). The secretary is appointed by the President of the Republic.

Cabinet of Mexico
The Cabinet of Mexico is the Executive Cabinet (Spanish: Gabinete Legal) and is a part of the executive branch of the Mexican government. It consists of nineteen Secretaries of State and the Legal Counsel of the Federal Executive.

In addition to the legal Executive Cabinet there are other Cabinet-level administration offices that report directly to the President of the Republic (Gabinete Ampliado). Officials from the legal and extended Cabinet (Gabinete Legal y Ampliado) are subordinate to the President.
Francis George Fowler
Francis George Fowler (1871–1918) was an English writer on English language, grammar and usage.

Born in Tunbridge Wells, Fowler was educated at Peterhouse, Cambridge. He lived on Guernsey in the Channel Islands.  He and his older brother, Henry Watson Fowler, wrote The King's English together, an influential book published in 1906. Later they worked on what became Fowler's Modern English Usage, but before it was finished, Francis died of tuberculosis, picked up during his service with the British Expeditionary Force in World War I.  He was 47 years old.

Henry dedicated Modern English Usage to Francis, writing, "he had a nimbler wit, a better sense of proportion, and a more open mind, than his twelve-year-older partner."

Royal Tunbridge Wells
Royal Tunbridge Wells (formerly, until 1909, and still commonly Tunbridge Wells) is a town in Kent, England, 30 miles (50 kilometres) southeast of Central London. It lies close to the border with East Sussex on the northern edge of the High Weald, whose sandstone geology is exemplified by the rock formation High Rocks. The town was a spa in the Restoration and a fashionable resort in the mid-1700s under Beau Nash when the Pantiles, and its chalybeate spring, attracted visitors who wished to take the waters. Though its popularity as a spa town waned with the advent of sea bathing, the town still derives much of its income from tourism. The prefix "Royal" was granted to it in 1909 by King Edward VII; it is one of only three towns in England with the title.

The town had a population of 59,947 in 2016, and is the administrative centre of Tunbridge Wells Borough and in the parliamentary constituency of Tunbridge Wells.
Urban canyon
An urban canyon (also known as a street canyon or skyscraper canyon) is a place where the street is flanked by buildings on both sides creating a canyon-like environment, evolved etymologically from the Canyon of Heroes in Manhattan. Such human-built canyons are made when streets separate dense blocks of structures, especially skyscrapers. Other examples include the Magnificent Mile in Chicago, Los Angeles' Wilshire Boulevard corridor, Toronto's Financial District, and Hong Kong's Kowloon and Central districts.

Urban canyons affect various local conditions, including temperature, wind, light, air quality, and radio reception, including satellite navigation signals.

Magnificent Mile
The Magnificent Mile (sometimes locally abbreviated to the Mag Mile) is the approximately one-mile-long stretch of Michigan Avenue from the Chicago River to Oak Street on the Near North Side of Chicago, Illinois. It divides the neighborhood of Streeterville, on its east, from River North, on its west.

The Magnificent Mile is the primary commercial corridor between the Loop and Gold Coast. It hosts numerous retail stores and experiential spaces, hotels, and  tourist attractions.

The real estate developer Arthur Rubloff of Rubloff Company gave the district its nickname in 1947. Skyscrapers and landmarks along the Magnificent Mile include the John Hancock Center, the Wrigley Building, Tribune Tower, the Chicago Water Tower, and the Allerton, Drake, and Intercontinental hotels.
Radio Retaliation
Radio Retaliation is the fifth studio album by American electronic music duo Thievery Corporation, released on September 23, 2008 by ESL Music. Intended to be a political album, it was recorded in the band's hometown of Washington, D.C. from April 2007 to August 2008.

A pre-release of the album was released on iTunes on September 9, 2008, featuring an exclusive track entitled "Philosopher’s Stone". The band also promoted the album through Facebook and iLike. The music video for "The Numbers Game" single debuted on December 15.

The album was nominated for a Grammy Award in the category Best Recording Package. The album cover shows a photograph of the Mexican rebel Subcomandante Marcos.

ESL Music
Eighteenth Street Lounge Music (ESL Music) is an independent record label based in Washington, D.C. founded by Rob Garza and Eric Hilton in 1996. The duo, as Thievery Corporation, heads the label's roster of artists.