hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jonathan Fox (professor of politics)
Jonathan Fox (Hebrew: יונתן פאקס) is the Yehuda Avner Professor of Religion and Politics in the Department of Political Science at Bar-Ilan University in Ramat Gan, Israel. He has authored, co-authored, or edited 13 books and over 120 journal articles and book chapters on domestic and international ethnic and religious conflict and the role of religion in politics. He is also the director of the Religion and State project.

Bar-Ilan University
Bar-Ilan University (BIU, Hebrew: אוניברסיטת בר-אילן, Universitat Bar-Ilan) is a public research university in the Tel Aviv District city of Ramat Gan, Israel. Established in 1955, Bar Ilan is Israel's second-largest academic university institution. It has 20,000 students and 1,350 faculty members.

Bar-Ilan's mission is to "blend Jewish tradition with modern technologies and scholarship and the university endeavors to ... teach the Jewish heritage to all its students while providing [an] academic education." The university is among the best in the Middle East in the fields of computer science, engineering, engineering physics and applied physics. In 2024, the university was donated $260 million, one of the biggest donations to a university in Israeli history, for investment in science. The donor wished to remain anonymous.
Nominal (linguistics)
In linguistics, the term nominal refers to a category used to group together nouns and adjectives based on shared properties. The motivation for nominal grouping is that in many languages nouns and adjectives share a number of morphological and syntactic properties. The systems used in such languages to show agreement can be classified broadly as gender systems, noun class systems or case marking, classifier systems, and mixed systems. Typically an affix related to the noun appears attached to the other parts of speech within a sentence to create agreement. Such morphological agreement usually occurs in parts within the noun phrase, such as determiners and adjectives. Languages with overt nominal agreement vary in how and to what extent agreement is required.

Affix
In linguistics, an affix is a morpheme that is attached to a word stem to form a new word or word form. The main two categories are derivational and inflectional affixes. Derivational affixes,  such as un-, -ation, anti-, pre- etc., introduce a semantic change to the word they are attached to. Inflectional affixes introduce a syntactic change, such as singular into plural (e.g. -(e)s), or present simple tense into present continuous or past tense by  adding -ing, -ed to an English word. All of them are bound morphemes by definition; prefixes and suffixes may be separable affixes.
Manas District
Manas (Kyrgyz: Манас району) is a district of Talas Region in north-western Kyrgyzstan. Its area is 1,198 square kilometres (463 sq mi), and its resident population was 37,505 in 2021. The administrative seat lies at Pokrovka.

The district is named after the mythical Kyrgyz national hero, Manas, who is said to have been born in the Alatau mountains in the raion. A few kilometers outside Talas lies a mausoleum, supposedly that of Manas, called the Kümböz Manas. However, the inscription on its richly decorated facade dedicates it to "...the most glorious of women Kenizek-Khatun, the daughter of the Emir Abuka".

The building, known as "Manastin Khumbuzu" or "The Ghumbez of Manas", is thought to have been built in 1334. It now contains a museum dedicated to the epic. A ceremonial mound also lies nearby.

Districts of Kyrgyzstan
The regions of Kyrgyzstan are divided into districts (raions), administered by government-appointed officials. Rural communities (ayyl aymagy) consisting of up to twenty small settlements have their own elected mayors and councils. The raions are listed below, by region:
Wanchi
Wancii, also spelled Wancii in Oromo, is a woreda in the central Oromia Region of Ethiopia. It is located in the Southwest Shewa Zone; bordered on the southwest by Amaya, on the north by West Shewa Zone (Ambo district), and on the southeast by Waliso district and Goro District. The administrative centre of Wanchi is Chitu. Dariyan and Haroo-Wancii have emerged as rapidly growing rural towns. Specially Haroo-Wancii town, which is located at a distance of 5 km from Wancii Crater lake, is attracting the attention of many investors and booming.

The highest point in Wanchi is Wonchi volcano, which is about 3,450 metres (11,320 ft) above sea level. The volcano contains a caldera and crater lake with islands and an ancient monastery, all which makes the caldera a popular tourist destination. Warqee (also known as Enset) is by far the most important staple crop in the area.

Southwest Shewa Zone
Southwest Shewa (Oromo: Shawaa Kibba Lixaa) is one of the zones of the Oromia Region in Ethiopia. This zone takes its name from the kingdom or former province of Shewa. Between 2002 and 2005, a number of districts were separated from West Shewa Zone to create South west Shewa Zone. Towns in it include Waliso (the capital) and Tulu Bolo.
Underworld U.S.A.
Underworld U.S.A. (also known as Underworld USA) is a 1961 American neo-noir crime film produced, written, and directed by Samuel Fuller. It tells the story of a 14-year-old boy who goes to enormous lengths to get revenge against the mobsters who beat his father to death. It stars Cliff Robertson, Dolores Dorn, and Beatrice Kay.

Neo-noir
Neo-noir is a film genre from the 1970s, in the era of New Hollywood, which is primarily associated with the subversion and visual style of classic film noir tropes, adapting the themes of 1940s and 1950s American film noir for contemporary audiences, often with vibrant colors and high-contrast, more graphic depictions of violence or sexuality, thematic motifs, and nonlinear narrative or editing.

During the 1970s and the mid 1980s, the term "neo-noir" surged in popularity, fueled by movies such as Roman Polanski’s Chinatown (1974), Martin Scorsese's Taxi Driver (1976), Sydney Pollack's Absence of Malice (1981), Ridley Scott’s Blade Runner (1982), Paul Verhoeven's The Fourth Man (1983 film) and David Lynch’s Blue Velvet (1986). The French term film noir translates literally to English as "black film", indicating sinister stories often presented in a shadowy cinematographic style. Neo-noir has a similar style but with updated themes, content, style, and visual elements.
Mount Kain
Mount Kain is a mountain located in the Fraser River Valley of Mount Robson Provincial Park, Canada. Mt. Kain was named during a survey of the Mt. Robson region conducted by the Alpine Club of Canada during the summer of 1911.  While surveying from a nearby peak, the party noticed the mountain and guide Conrad Kain exclaimed "Ach! That is my peak."  Trip leader Arthur Oliver Wheeler recorded the peak as Mt. Kain.

Arthur Oliver Wheeler
Arthur Oliver Wheeler (May 1, 1860 – May 20, 1945) was born in Ireland and immigrated to Canada in 1876 at the age of 16. He became a land surveyor and surveyed large areas of western Canada, including photo-topographical surveys of the Selkirk Mountains and the British Columbia-Alberta boundary along the continental divide through the Canadian Rockies. In 1906, he and journalist Elizabeth Parker were the principal founders of the Alpine Club of Canada (ACC). He was its first president, from 1906 to 1910, and editor of the Canadian Alpine Journal from 1907 to 1930. He remained Honorary President of the ACC from 1926 until his death in 1945. The Arthur O. Wheeler hut of the ACC is named after him.
Alford House
Alford House is a youth club in Aveline Road, Kennington, South London, England that was subject of the 1959 documentary by Karel Reisz
We Are the Lambeth Boys and two sequels.

The club was established by Frank Briant in 1884 in premises in Lambeth Walk once one of the most vibrant shopping districts in South London though grindingly poor and described in many literary works such as  George Gissings's Thryza from 1887 or W. Somerset Maugham's Liza of Lambeth from 1897.

In its 2021 publication Alford 70  the authors describe the evolution of the club through two world wars and its association with Mill Hill Public School since 1934.

The club moved from Lambeth Walk after the second world war into buildings that had suffered extensive bomb damage and were formerly the Moffat Institute. They were given to the club by the London Congregational Union in 1949. They were repaired and converted to their present use and occupied by the Club in 1950 .The club building is locally listed.

Andrew Mearns
Andrew Mearns (1837–1905) was a Scottish Congregational minister, now best known as the prime mover behind the sensational anonymous 1883 pamphlet The Bitter Cry of Outcast London. While scholarly debate has concluded that the author was the journalist William Carnall Preston, it has always been clear that the basis for the pamphlet's claims about poverty in London rested on research commissioned by Mearns.
IEM
IEM can refer to:

I.E.M. (album)

Inborn error of metabolism

In-ear monitors, devices used by musicians, audio engineers and audiophiles to listen to music

Incredible Expanding Mindfuck  (Music)

Information Engineering Methodology

Institute of Electronic Music and Acoustics (Institut für Elektronische Musik und Akustik), part of the University of Music and Performing Arts, Graz

Institute of Engineering and Management

Integrated Enterprise Modeling

Institute of Engineering in Medicine, part of the University of California, San Diego

Institute for Experimental Mathematics, a central scientific facility of the University of Duisburg-Essen

Intel Extreme Masters, a series of international esports tournaments

International emergency medicine

Internet Explorer Mobile

Ion evaporation model, a model explaining electrospray ionization in mass spectrometry

Iowa Electronic Markets

Internal Energy Market, of the European Union

Integrated enterprise modeling
Integrated enterprise modeling (IEM) is an enterprise modeling method used for the admission and for the reengineering of processes both in producing enterprises and in the public area and service providers. In integrated enterprise modeling different aspects as functions and data become described in one model. Furthermore, the method supports analyses of business processes independently of the available organizational structure.

The Integrated Enterprise Modeling is developed at the Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology (German: IPK) Berlin, Germany.
Vincenzo Pacetti
Vincenzo Pacetti (1746–1820) was an  Italian sculptor and restorer from Castel Bolognese, particularly active in collecting and freely restoring and completing classical sculptures such as the Barberini Faun (1799 – now in the Glyptothek, Munich)— his most famous work— the Hope Dionysus (now in the Metropolitan Museum of Art) and the Athena of Velletri (1797 – now in the Louvre) and selling them on to rich collectors as finished artefacts.  He was the brother of Camillo Pacetti.

Castel Bolognese
Castel Bolognese (Romagnol: Castël Bulgnés) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Ravenna in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) southeast of Bologna and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) southwest of Ravenna. As of 2006, it has a population of about 9,000 inhabitants.

Castel Bolognese borders the following municipalities: Faenza, Imola, Riolo Terme, Solarolo.
Makroudh
Makroudh (Arabic: مقروض, romanized: maqrūḍ), also spelled Makrout, is a cookie from the cuisine of the Maghreb. It is filled with dates and nuts or almond paste, that has a diamond shape – the name derives from this characteristic shape.

The dough is made with semolina, which gives the pastry a very specific texture and flavor. Makroudh can be fried in oil or oven-baked.

It is popular in the Maghreb where there are many varieties of Makroudh, some of which are pastries that do not share much in common with the traditional Makroudh except the shape. In Algeria, they may be filled with almond paste. A variation with a fig filling in place of the dates is popular in Tunisia and Algeria.

Makroudh with dates and honey is also popular during Eid al-Fitr.

Cuisine
A cuisine  is a style of cooking characterized by distinctive ingredients, techniques, and dishes, and usually associated with a specific culture or geographic region. Regional food preparation techniques, customs and ingredients combine to enable dishes unique to a region.
Rebel MC
Michael Alec Anthony West (born 27 August 1964 in Islington, London, England), better known as Rebel MC and Congo Natty, is a British jungle producer, spiritual chanter and toaster. He has also gone by aliases including Conquering Lion, Blackstar, Tribe of Issachar, Lion of Judah, X Project and Ras Project.

Roots reggae
Roots reggae is a subgenre of reggae that deals with the everyday lives and aspirations of Africans and those in the African Diaspora, including the spiritual side of Rastafari, black liberation,  revolution and the honouring of God, called Jah by Rastafarians. It is identified with the life of the ghetto sufferer, and the rural poor. Lyrical themes include spirituality and religion, struggles by artists, poverty, black pride, social issues, resistance to fascism, capitalism, corrupt government and racial oppression. A spiritual repatriation to Africa is a common theme in roots reggae.
Crossognathiformes
Crossognathiformes is an extinct order of ray-finned fish that lived from the Late Jurassic to the Eocene. Its phylogenetic placement is disputed; some authors have recovered it as part of the teleost stem group, while others place it in a basal position within crown group Teleostei. Other placements have found it to be polyphyletic, with Varasichthyidae being stem-group teleosts whereas the other, "true" crossognathiforms are crown-group teleosts within Teleocephala.

The oldest definitive crossognathiforms are known from the Late Jurassic (Oxfordian) of Chile. They diversified afterwards and became a dominant group of marine fish throughout much of the Cretaceous. The last surviving member was the pachyrhizodontid Platinx from the Eocene.

Teleocephala
Teleocephala is a supercohort of vertebrates, it is the grouping which contains the "crown group" of the Teleostei, the bony fishes. The name was coined by Mario de Pinna in his 1996 book Interrelationships of Fishes and the clade was given the rank of supercohort by Edward O. Wiley and G. David Johnson in 2010. Some authorities treat Teleocephala and Teleosteomorpha as synonymous, however, this is only applicable when treating extant taxa and that the treatment of these taxa in the 5th edition of Fishes of the World is somewhat confusing as de Pinna's original Teleocephala is actually a combination of three taxonomical concepts.
Natoya Goule-Toppin
Natoya Goule-Toppin (born 30 March 1991) is a Jamaican middle-distance runner. In the 800 metres she is the 2019 Pan American Games champion, 2018 NACAC Championship silver medallist, and 2018 Commonwealth Games bronze medallist. Goule is the current Jamaican record holder at the event both out- and indoors, and also for the indoor 1000 metres.

She has represented Jamaica on numerous occasions, including both the 2016 Rio Olympics and 2020 Tokyo Olympics.

Athletics at the 2019 Pan American Games
Athletics competitions at the 2019 Pan American Games in Lima, Peru were held between July 27 and August 11, 2019 at the Athletics Stadium in the Villa Deportiva Nacional Videna cluster, with the marathon and walks being held at Kennedy Park.

A total of 48 events were contested, equally divided among men and women. The women's 50 km walk was added for this edition of the Games, marking the first time that men and women competed in an equal number of events.
Lisia Huta
Lisia Huta [ˈliɕa ˈxuta] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Stara Kiszewa, within Kościerzyna County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Kościerzyna County
Kościerzyna County (Kashubian: Kòscérsczi kréz, Polish: powiat kościerski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Pomeranian Voivodeship, northern Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Kościerzyna, which lies 51 kilometres (32 mi) south-west of the regional capital Gdańsk. Its borders equal approximately the borders of the old Marquessate of Berent in the German Empire.

The county covers an area of 1,165.85 square kilometres (450.1 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 72,589, out of which the population of Kościerzyna is 23,776, and the rural population is 48,813.

Kościerzyna County on a map of the counties of Pomeranian Voivodeship

Kościerzyna County is bordered by Kartuzy County to the north, Gdańsk County and Starogard County to the east, Chojnice County to the south, and Bytów County to the west.
Serafim Todorov
Serafim Simeonov Todorov (Bulgarian: Серафим Симеонов Тодоров; born 6 July 1969) is a former Bulgarian Olympic boxer. He won three consecutive gold medals at both the World and European Championships, and silver at the 1996 Olympics. He is the last boxer to defeat Floyd Mayweather Jr., via a controversial decision at the 1996 Games.

European Amateur Boxing Championships
The European Amateur Boxing Championships is the highest competition for boxing amateurs in Europe, organised by the continent's governing body EUBC, which stands for the European Boxing Confederation. The first edition of the tournament took place in 1924, although the first 'competitive' championships were hosted by the city of Stockholm (Sweden) in 1925.
Bristol Marunde
Bristol Marunde (born April 20, 1982) is an American mixed martial artist currently competing in the Welterweight division. He was a contestant on The Ultimate Fighter: Team Carwin vs. Team Nelson, and has competed for the UFC, Strikeforce, Titan FC, M-1 Global, and the Seattle Tiger Sharks of the International Fight League.

In April 2017, Marunde premiered as the cohost of the new HGTV show Flip or Flop Vegas.

Titan Fighting Championships
Titan Fighting Championship (Titan FC) is an American mixed martial arts promotion based out of Pompano Beach, Florida.  Their shows were originally run in and near Kansas City and have since expanded to include venues all over North America and eventually, international locations. Since July 2015, Titan FC events are broadcast on the UFC online streaming service UFC Fight Pass, which also showcases a library of the organization's previous events.
Michelle Tuzee
Michelle Tuzee  is a former television news anchor. Tuzee is best known for her 23 years as a lead anchor at KABC-TV Los Angeles. Tuzee co-anchored KABC's Eyewitness News at 5 p.m. and 11 p.m. with Marc Brown.

Eyewitness News
Eyewitness News is a style of television presentation that emphasizes visual elements and action videos, instead of the older ,"man-on-camera" style of newscast, and is most prominently featured in the New York City metropolitan area.
Hyperoglyphe antarctica
Hyperoglyphe antarctica, the Antarctic butterfish, bluenose warehou, deepsea trevally, blue eye trevalla, blue-eye cod, bluenose sea bass, or deep sea trevalla, is a medusafish of the family Centrolophidae found in all the southern oceans, at depths of between 40 and 1,500 m.  Its length is up to about 140 cm, with a maximum published weight of 60 kg.

Antarctic butterfish have a dark blue body above and lighter blue below with large eyes (another name for this fish is big eye). Larger individuals have a bronze sheen along the flanks.

They can grow to 1.4 m in length and over 50 kg in weight.  Studies have shown that fish between 62 and 72 cm are mature and range in age between 8–12 years respectively. Mature females can produce between 2 million and 11 million eggs prior to spawning.

Blue eye mainly feed on the tunicate Pyrosoma atlantica. However, they will feed on a range of fish, molluscs, squid and crustaceans, and are also cannibalistic.

Roe
Roe, (/roʊ/ ⓘ ROH) or hard roe, is the fully ripe internal egg masses in the ovaries, or the released external egg masses, of fish and certain marine animals such as shrimp, scallop, sea urchins and squid. As a seafood, roe is used both as a cooked ingredient in many dishes, and as a raw ingredient for delicacies such as caviar.

The roe of marine animals, such as the roe of lumpsucker, hake, mullet, salmon, Atlantic bonito, mackerel, squid, and cuttlefish are especially rich sources of omega-3 fatty acids, but omega-3s are present in all fish roe. Also, a significant amount of vitamin B12 is among the nutrients present in fish roes.

Roe from a sturgeon, or sometimes other fish such as flathead grey mullet, is the raw base product from which caviar is made.

The term soft roe or white roe denotes fish milt, not fish eggs.
Hamish Moore
Hamish Moore is a Scottish musician and bagpipe maker. Among Moore's contributions to Scottish music are his development of a revived form of the bellows-blown Scottish smallpipes; his 1985 recording of the Lowland and smallpipes, Cauld Wind Pipes, was the first contemporary complete recording of this instrument. In the 1980s and 1990s, Moore was also instrumental in exploring the links between the Scottish diaspora music of Canada's Cape Breton Island, and earlier Scottish traditions. Moore taught at Cape Breton's Gaelic College of Celtic Arts and Crafts, and in 1996 returned to South Uist, Scotland, to form his Ceolas musical summer school, which included Cape Breton instructors and influences.

Hamish is father of Fin Moore, also a Scottish smallpiper and border piper.

South Uist
South Uist (Scottish Gaelic: Uibhist a Deas, [ˈɯ.ɪʃtʲ ə ˈtʲes̪] ⓘ; Scots: Sooth Uist) is the second-largest island of the Outer Hebrides in Scotland. At the 2022 census it had a usually resident population of 1,650, a decrease of 104 since 2011. The island, in common with the rest of the Hebrides, is one of the last remaining strongholds of the Gaelic language in Scotland. South Uist's inhabitants are known in Gaelic as Deasaich (Southerners). The population is about 90% Roman Catholic.

The island is home to a nature reserve and a number of sites of archaeological interest, including the only location in the British Isles where prehistoric mummies have been found. In the northwest, there is a missile testing range. In 2006 South Uist, together with neighbouring Benbecula and Eriskay, was involved in Scotland's biggest-ever community land buyout by Stòras Uibhist. The group also owns the "biggest community wind farm in Scotland", Lochcarnan, on South Uist which opened in 2013.