hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sikh diaspora
The Sikh diaspora is the modern Sikh migration from the traditional area of the Punjab region of South Asia. Sikhism is  a religion native to this region. The Sikh diaspora is largely a subset of the Punjabi diaspora.

The diaspora is commonly accepted to have begun after the fall of the Sikh Empire in 1849 and the empire's subsequent annexation into British India. The onset of the Sikh diaspora is represented by Duleep Singh, the last emperor of the Sikhs, who was forced into exile by the British. Starting with this event, the rate of Sikh migration from Punjab has remained high and included a number of international destinations.

Emigration out of Punjab abroad was historically mostly confined to the Doaba region and parts of Ludhiana and Moga districts of the Malwa region but has since become a pan-Punjabi phenomenon.

Doaba
Doaba, also known as Bist Doab or the Jalandhar Doab, is the region of Punjab, India that lies between the Beas River and the Sutlej River. People of this region are given the demonym Doabia. The dialect of Punjabi spoken in Doaba is called Doabi. The term "Doaba" or "Doab" is derived from Persian دو آب (do āb, literally "two bodies of water"), and signifies a region lying between and reaching to the confluence of two rivers. The river Sutlej separates Doaba from the Malwa region of India to its south and the river Beas separates Doaba from the Majha region, split between present day Pakistan and India, to its north.

Scheduled castes form more than 40% of the population in Doaba. This area is also called the NRI Hub of Punjab as a consequence of the migration of a significant percentage of Doabias.
AD 12
AD 12 (XII) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Caesar and Capito (or, less frequently, year 765 Ab urbe condita). The denomination AD 12 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Leap year starting on Friday
A leap year starting on Friday is any year with 366 days (i.e. it includes 29 February) that begins on Friday 1 January and ends on Saturday 31 December. Its dominical letters hence are CB. The most recent year of such kind was 2016, and the next one will be 2044 in the Gregorian calendar or, likewise, 2000 and 2028 in the obsolete Julian calendar.

Any leap year that starts on Friday has only one Friday the 13th: the only one in this leap year occurs in May. Common years starting on Saturday share this characteristic. This is also the only year in which February has five Mondays, as the leap day adds that extra Monday.

This year has two months (May and October) which begin on a weekend-day. Since at least one month begins on each day of the week in all years, this is the fewest possible number of months to begin on a weekend-day in a given year; this also occurs in a common year starting on Friday, in which case the two months are May and August.
Reverberatory furnace
A reverberatory furnace is a metallurgical or process furnace that isolates the material being processed from contact with the fuel, but not from contact with combustion gases. The term reverberation is used here in a generic sense of rebounding or reflecting, not in the acoustic sense of echoing.

Reflection (physics)
Reflection is the change in direction of a wavefront at an interface between two different media so that the wavefront returns into the medium from which it originated. Common examples include the reflection of light, sound and water waves. The law of reflection says that for specular reflection (for example at a mirror) the angle at which the wave is incident on the surface equals the angle at which it is reflected.

In acoustics, reflection causes echoes and is used in sonar. In geology, it is important in the study of seismic waves. Reflection is observed with surface waves in bodies of water. Reflection is observed with many types of electromagnetic wave, besides visible light. Reflection of VHF and higher frequencies is important for radio transmission and for radar. Even hard X-rays and gamma rays can be reflected at shallow angles with special "grazing" mirrors.
John Bonacic
John J. Bonacic (born June 14, 1942 in New York City) is a retired politician from New York. A Republican, Bonacic represented New York State Senate District 42 (which includes all or parts of Delaware, Sullivan, Orange, and Ulster Counties) from November 1998 to 2018. Prior to his Senate service, Bonacic served in the New York State Assembly.

Ulster County, New York
Ulster County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. It is situated along the Hudson River. As of the 2020 census, the population was 182,977. The county seat is Kingston. The county is named after the Irish province of Ulster. The county is part of the Hudson Valley region of the state.
Two Gun Man
Two Gun Man is a 1931 American pre-Code Western film directed by Phil Rosen and starring Ken Maynard, Lucille Powers, and Charles King. It was released on May 15, 1931, by Tiffany Productions and was later re=released by Amity Pictures.

Astor Pictures
Astor Pictures was an American motion picture distribution company operating from 1930 to 1963. Founded by Robert M. Savini, it specialized in film re-releases. It later released independently made productions, including some of its own films made during the 1950s.
Thoovanam Waterfalls
Thoovanam Falls is a waterfall located near Munnar, Idukki district, Kerala, India. It is located in within the Pambar river of Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary at a distance of eight kilometers from the Marayur-Udumalai state highway. The waterfall falls from a height of 84 feet.

Taken from State Highway 17

Taken from State Highway 17

State Highway 17 (Kerala)
Kerala State Highway 17, also called the Northern outlet road and Munnar - Udumalpet road, is notable for passing between the Anaimalai Hills and the Palani Hills, through or near three important protected areas and providing opportunities for viewing wildlife in unspoiled forests. 
The total road length is about 59.1 km (36.7 mi).
AJS Review
AJS Review is an academic journal published by the University of Pennsylvania Press on behalf of the Association for Jewish Studies that focuses on scholarly articles and book reviews covering the academic field of Jewish studies. From 1976 to 2021, Cambridge University Press published the AJS Review, until the journal was acquired by the University of Pennsylvania Press in 2022. It is currently edited by Gregg E. Gardner and Jonathan Marc Gribetz.

From biblical and rabbinic textual and historical studies to modern history, social sciences, the arts, and literature, the journal welcomes articles of interest to both academic and lay audiences around the world. A substantial portion of each volume is devoted to reviews of the latest scholarly Judaica and to review essays on current trends in publishing.

Academy
An academy (Attic Greek: Ἀκαδήμεια; Koine Greek: Ἀκαδημία) is an institution of tertiary education. The name traces back to Plato's school of philosophy, founded c. 386 BC at Akademia, a sanctuary of Athena, the goddess of wisdom and skill, north of Athens, Greece. The Royal Spanish Academy defines an academy as a scientific, literary or artistic society established with public authority and as a teaching establishment, public or private, of a professional, artistic, technical or simply practical nature.
Francesc Antoni de la Dueña y Cisneros
Francisco Antonio de la Dueña y Cisneros (referred to in Catalan as Francesc Antoni de la Dueña y Cisneros) (1753–1821), was a Spanish clergyman.  He was born in Villanueva de la Fuente, Ciudad Real. He studied philosophy at the university of Almagro, Ciudad Real, followed by law at the University of Toledo, and completed his studies at the University of Salamanca from 1778 to 1796. He was installed as Bishop of Urgell (and ex officio Co-Prince of Andorra) from 29 October 1797 to 23 September 1816.

Province of Ciudad Real
The province of Ciudad Real (Spanish: [θjuˈðað reˈal] ⓘ) is a province in the southwestern part of the autonomous community of Castile-La Mancha, Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Cuenca, Albacete, Jaén, Córdoba, Badajoz, and Toledo. It is partly located in the old natural region of La Mancha. Its capital is Ciudad Real. It is the third largest province by area in all of Spain, after Cáceres and Badajoz. The historic comarca Campo de Calatrava is located in the center of the province.
Sun Ripeng
Sun Ripeng (Chinese: 孙日鹏; born 25 January 1974 in Zhuanghe, Liaoning province) is a Chinese former track and field athlete who specialised in the 3000 metres steeplechase. He was the gold medallist at the 1994 Asian Games. His personal best of 8:10.46 minutes is the Chinese record for the steeplechase.

He was a silver medallist at the 1993 East Asian Games and a 5000 metres bronze medallist at the Asian Games. He was a two-time winner of the National Games of China steeplechase, and also a two-time 5000 m national champion.

1993 East Asian Games
The 1st East Asian Games were held in Shanghai, People's Republic of China from 9 to18 May 1993. The main stadium for the inaugural edition of the games was the Hongkou Football Stadium.

Shanghai also hosted a number of sports-themed exhibitions to coincide with the games, including exhibitions of photography, art and stamps. A total of 9 nations competed across twelve sports. Julio Iglesias and Wei Wei performed a duet at the games closing ceremony. The hosts, China, topped the medal table, winning almost two-thirds of the gold medals on offer and 40% of the overall total of 534 medal. Japan was the second-most successful nation, winning 25 gold medals.
Minneapolis sound
The Minneapolis sound is a subgenre of funk rock that incorporates elements of new wave and synth-pop. Started at Sound 80 with tracks like "Funkytown" by Lipps Inc. and pioneered by Minneapolis-based musician Prince and André Cymone beginning in the late 1970s, the musical style's heyday extended through the late 1980s. The style was often heard at city clubs like First Avenue  and was exemplified by Prince-affiliated acts, including the Time, Vanity 6, Apollonia 6, Sheila E., the Family, Wendy & Lisa, Brownmark, Jimmy Jam & Terry Lewis, Morris Day, and Jesse Johnson, and by acts neither affiliated with Prince nor native to Minneapolis, such as Flint, Michigan's Ready for the World.

According to the Rolling Stone Album Guide, "the Minneapolis sound... loomed over mid-'80s R&B and pop, not to mention the next two decades' worth of electro, house, and techno."

Vanity 6
Vanity 6 was an American female vocal trio that gained popularity in the early 1980s. They were protégées of musician Prince. Led by singer Vanity, they are known for their song "Nasty Girl". Vanity left in 1983 and the band was reformed as Apollonia 6.
Chaughada
Chaughada is a village development committee in Nuwakot District in the Bagmati Zone of central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census, it had a population of 5795 living in 1010 individual households.

Nuwakot District
Nuwakot District (Nepali: नुवाकोट जिल्लाListenⓘ), a part of Bagmati Province, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. The district, with Bidur as its district headquarters, covers an area of 1,121 km2 (433 sq mi) and had a population of 288,478 in 2001 and 277,471 in 2011.

The district contains places of historical significance such as the town of Nuwakot, and the village of Devighat (the death place of Prithvi Narayan Shah) located at the confluence of the Tadi and Trishuli Rivers. Kakani is popular among Nepalese people as a touristic place and picnic spot.
St. Paul High School (Arkansas)
St. Paul High School (SPHS) is an accredited comprehensive public high school located in St. Paul, Arkansas, United States. SPHS provides secondary education for more than 250 students in grades 7 through 12. It is one of three public high schools in Madison County and one of two high schools administered by the Huntsville School District.

Madison County, Arkansas
Madison County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,521. The county seat is Huntsville. The county was formed on September 30, 1836, and named for Madison County, Alabama, the home of some early settlers. They also named the county seat after Madison County in Alabama's county seat, Huntsville. Madison County is part of the Northwest Arkansas region.
Amponsah
Amponsah is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Koffi Amponsah (born 1978), Ghanaian footballer

Reginald Reynolds Amponsah (1919–2009) Ghanaian potter and politician

Daniel Amponsah known as Koo Nimo (born 1934), Ghanaian folk musician

Kwame Amponsah Karikari (or Kwame Karikari) (born 1992), Ghanaian footballer

Ophelia Serwaa Amponsah, Ghanaian footballer

Ophelia Serwaa Amponsah
Ophelia Serwaa Amponsah is a Ghanaian professional footballer who plays as a forward for Ghana Women's Premier League side Ampem Darkoa Ladies and the Ghana women's national football team. She was top goal scorer in the 2020–21 season. She was adjudged the Women's footballer of the Year in 2021.
Johnson Neck
Johnson Neck is a relatively low, ice-drowned neck of land, or isthmus, which joins the Dott Ice Rise to the east side of the Pioneer Heights in the Heritage Range of the Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey from surveys and U.S. Navy air photos, 1961–66, and was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Douglas J. Johnson, a meteorologist at Byrd Station in 1965.

Byrd Station
The Byrd Station is a former research station established by the United States during the International Geophysical Year (1957) by U.S. Navy Seabees during Operation Deep Freeze II in West Antarctica. It was a year-round base until 1972, and then seasonal up to 2005. The station is located on the West Antarctic ice cap. It was accessible by overland ice traverse or by ski-equipped C-130 aircraft.
John Williams (cricketer, born 1878)
John Nathaniel Williams (27 January 1878 – 25 April 1915) was an English cricketer. He played for Hawke's Bay in 1903 and Gloucestershire in 1908.

The son of Sir Robert Williams, Williams was educated at Eton and Oxford University. He went to New Zealand, where he worked in the gold mining industry at Waihi. He enlisted in the New Zealand armed forces as a private, and was killed in action at Gallipoli on 25 April 1915 during the Landing at Anzac Cove.

Hawke's Bay cricket team
The Hawke's Bay cricket team, representing the Hawke's Bay region of New Zealand, played first-class cricket between 1883–84 and 1920–21, and competed in the Plunket Shield in the 1914–15 and 1920–21 seasons. The side has continued to appear in minor cricket and is one of the 21 teams from around New Zealand that compete in the Hawke Cup, where it was the dominant team from 2020 to 2024.
Maximiano Errázuriz Eguiguren
Maximiano Errázuriz Eguiguren (born 28 September 1945) is a Chilean conservative politician who served as deputy both before and after the 1973 coup d'état.

In December 2011 he was found guilty of tax fraud in the amount of 25 million pesos.

Chilean peso
The peso is the currency of Chile. The current peso has circulated since 1975, with a previous version circulating between 1817 and 1960. Its symbol is defined as a letter S with either one or two vertical bars superimposed prefixing the amount, $ or ; the single-bar symbol, available in most modern text systems, is almost always used. Both of these symbols are used by many currencies, most notably the United States dollar, and may be ambiguous without clarification, such as CLP$ or US$. The ISO 4217 code for the present peso is CLP. It was divided into 100 centavos until 31 May 1996, when the subdivision was formally eliminated (requiring payments to be made in whole pesos). In July 2024, the exchange rate was around CLP940 to US$1.

The current peso was introduced on 29 September 1975 by decree 1,123, replacing the escudo at a rate of 1 peso for 1,000 escudos. This peso was subdivided into 100 centavos until 1984.
XHNTV-TDT
XHNTV-TDT, virtual channel 8, is a television station in Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico. The station is owned by Radio-Televisión Digital de Nayarit, S.A. de C.V., and broadcasts as 8 NTV from the Cerro Loma Batea tower farm in Tepic.

A second station, XHRTNA-TDT (RF 27), is to be built to repeat 8 NTV programming for Acaponeta and Tecuala. It will broadcast from a tower between the two cities used by radio stations XHETD-FM and XHLH-FM.

Tecuala
Tecuala is both a municipality and a town in the Mexican state of Nayarit, on the Pacific coast. The population of the municipality was 42,237 in a total area of 1,137 km2 (439 sq mi) (2000) while the population of the town and municipal seat was 14,584 (2000). One of the longest beaches in the world, Playa Novillero, is located here.

"Tecuala" is the Castilian form of the Tecuallan word, which means "place of many wild animals".
Guitier, Count of Rethel
Guitier (Ithier) of Rethel (died 1171), son of Odo, Castellan of Vitry and Matilda, Countess of Rethel, nephew of Baldwin II of Jerusalem, was count of Rethel, succeeding his mother. In March 1129, Guitier travelled to the Holy Land, although it is not clear if he participated in the Damascus Crusade that year.

Guitier married Beatrice, daughter of Count Godfrey I of Namur and Erminside of Luxembourg.  Guitier and Beatrix had eleven children:

Beatrice (1130 – 30 March 1185), married King Roger II of Sicily

John (died after 1144)

Manasses (died after 1144)

Hugh(died after 1166), a monk at Reims

Manasses IV (died 1199)

Henry (died 1191), castellan of Vitry

Baldwin (died 1198 or after), lord Chemery

Albert (died 1195 or after), archdeacon at Liège

Simon

Clemence (died after 1190), married Hugh of Pierrepont

Daughter (name unknown), married Geoffroy, Vidame de Châlons.

Upon his death, he was succeeded as count of Rethel by his son Manasses IV.

Roger II of Sicily
Roger II or Roger the Great (Italian: Ruggero II, Sicilian: Ruggeru II, Greek: Ρογέριος; 22 December 1095 – 26 February 1154) was King of Sicily and Africa, son of Roger I of Sicily and successor to his brother Simon. He began his rule as Count of Sicily in 1105, became Duke of Apulia and Calabria in 1127, then King of Sicily in 1130 and King of Africa in 1148.
Black Kiss 2
Black Kiss 2 (often styled as Black Kiss II) is a six-issue hardboiled erotic American comic book limited series written and drawn by Howard Chaykin, which was originally published in 2012 to 2013 by Image Comics.

It is a follow-up to Chaykin's 1988–89 series Black Kiss, and like its predecessor attracted considerable controversy due to its sexual content. Narratively it covers a period of over a hundred years, functioning as both a prequel and sequel to the original series.

Howard Chaykin
Howard Victor Chaykin (/ˈtʃeɪkɪn/; born October 7, 1950) is an American comic book artist and writer. Chaykin's influences include his one-time employer and mentor, Gil Kane, and the mid-20th century illustrators Robert Fawcett and Al Parker. His career, which started out as a gofer for Gil Kane at the age of 19, spanned working for various comic book artists and writers, ultimately arriving at developing and drawing his own characters alone and in collaborations during the course of 50 years. He worked for nearly all the biggest publishers, including DC Comics, Marvel Comics, First Comics, and Epic Comics. Beyond the realm of comics, his work can be found in graphic books and television animated shows.
Lightning Records (UK label)
Lightning Records was a London-based record label founded in the 1970s. It specialised in disco, reggae and dub music but also released music from other genres such as punk rock. It was a subsidiary of WEA.

Amongst its artists and titles are Althia & Donna with "Uptown Top Ranking", Janet Kay with "Silly Games", Dennis Brown with "Money in My Pocket", and Errol Dunkley with "OK Fred". The Old Gold Label was subsequently set up from here and featured many original classics licensed from other labels, for example Clifford T. Ward's song "Gaye", Python Lee Jackson's "In a Broken Dream", and re-releases by the Everly Brothers, the Equals, Trini Lopez and Ketty Lester.

Trini Lopez
Trinidad López III (May 15, 1937 – August 11, 2020), known as Trini Lopez, was an American singer and guitarist. His first album included a cover version of Pete Seeger's "If I Had a Hammer", which earned a gold disc for him. His other hits included "Lemon Tree", "I'm Comin' Home, Cindy" and "Sally Was a Good Old Girl". He designed two guitars for the Gibson Guitar Corporation, which are now collector's items. A documentary on his life and career, My Name Is Lopez, was released in April 2022.
Matt Guthmiller
Matthew Lee Guthmiller (born November 29, 1994) is an American aviator, YouTuber, entrepreneur, professional speaker, and Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumnus. In 2007, aged 12, he founded an early iPhone unlocking company, AnySIMiPhones. In 2014, at age 19, Guthmiller became the youngest person to fly solo around the world, a record he held for two years. In 2019 he became the youngest member of the South Dakota Aviation Hall of Fame, on exhibit at the South Dakota Air and Space Museum.

South Dakota Air and Space Museum
The South Dakota Air and Space Museum is an aviation museum located in Box Elder, South Dakota, just outside the main gate of Ellsworth Air Force Base. It is dedicated to the history of the United States Air Force, the base and aerospace in South Dakota.
Katashina, Gunma
Katashina (片品村, Katashina-mura) is a village located in Gunma Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 October 2020, the village had an estimated population of 4,314 in 1694 households, and a population density of 11 persons per km2. The total area of the village is 391.76 square kilometres (151.26 sq mi). 
m2.  Much of the village is within the borders of Oze National Park.

Tochigi Prefecture
Tochigi Prefecture (栃木県, Tochigi-ken) is a landlocked prefecture of Japan located in the Kantō region of Honshu. Tochigi Prefecture has a population of 1,897,649 (1 June 2023) and has a geographic area of 6,408 km2 (2,474 sq mi). Tochigi Prefecture borders Fukushima Prefecture to the north, Gunma Prefecture to the west, Saitama Prefecture to the south, and Ibaraki Prefecture to the southeast.

Utsunomiya is the capital and largest city of Tochigi Prefecture, with other major cities including Oyama, Tochigi, and Ashikaga. Tochigi Prefecture is one of only eight landlocked prefectures and its mountainous northern region is a popular tourist region in Japan. The Nasu area is known for its onsens, local sake, and ski resorts, the villa of the Imperial Family, and the Nasushiobara station of the Shinkansen railway line. The city of Nikkō, with its ancient Shintō shrines and Buddhist temples, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Groenhorst College
Groenhorst College is an education centre that has 11 locations in the centre of Netherlands: Almere, Barneveld, Bilthoven, Dronten, Ede (2 locations, including the management), Emmeloord (2 locations), Lelystad, Maartensdijk, Nijkerk and Velp. It offers several 'green' high school programmes, apprenticeship programmes on nutrition and nature & environment, education for adults, and several courses.

Emmeloord
Emmeloord (West Frisian: Emmeloard; Latin: Civitas Fortunae Emmeloordis)is the administrative centre of the municipality of Noordoostpolder, Flevoland, Netherlands. In 2019, it had a population of 26,055.
Ștefăneștii
Ștefăneștii starts off the names of three places in Romania:

Ștefăneștii de Jos, a commune in Ilfov County, and its village of Ștefăneștii de Sus

Ștefăneștii Noi, a village in Ștefănești town, Argeș County

Ștefăneștii de Jos
Ștefăneștii de Jos is a commune in the centre of Ilfov County, Muntenia, Romania. Its name means "Lower Ștefănești", derived from Ștefan (Stephan) and suffix -ești. The commune is composed of three villages: Crețuleasca, Ștefăneștii de Jos, and Ștefăneștii de Sus.