hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Marula mine
The Marula Mine is a platinum mine located in the Limpopo province of South Africa. It is in the eastern limb of the Bushveld Igneous Complex, approximately 35km north-west of Burgersfort. The operation comprises two decline shaft systems which are used to access the UG2 reef.

In the 2018 financial year the concentrator plant at Marula mine produced 85 100 oz of platinum, which was processed at Impala Platinum's Mineral Processes in the town Rustenburg. Marula mine had an estimated reserve of 10.6 million oz of platinum in 2018. The labourforce comprised almost 4000 workers in 2018.

Ounce
The  ounce (/ˈaʊns/) is any of several different units of mass, weight, or volume and is derived almost unchanged from the uncia, an Ancient Roman unit of measurement.

The avoirdupois ounce (exactly 28.349523125 g) is 1⁄16 avoirdupois pound; this is the United States customary and British imperial ounce. It is primarily used in the United States.

Although the avoirdupois ounce is the mass measure used for most purposes, the 'troy ounce' of exactly 31.1034768 g is used instead for the mass of precious metals such as gold, silver, platinum, palladium, rhodium, etc.

The term 'ounce' is also used in other contexts:

The ounce-force is a measure of force (see below).

The fluid ounce is a measure of volume.

Historically, a variety of different ounces measuring mass or volume were used in different jurisdictions by different trades and at different times in history.
Santigron
Santigron is a Maroon village in Lelydorp, Suriname. The village of Santigron is along the Saramacca River not far from Paramaribo. It is one of Suriname's Maroon villages, where descendants of 18th Century run-away slaves live. Unlike in Brazil or Jamaica, some 20,000 Maroons are still living in Suriname 's rainforest and retain many aspects of their traditional Afro-American culture. The village was founded by Jajasie Adoemakeë in the middle of the 19th century. Adoemakeë started working at a nearby wood plantation, and claimed to have received ownership after the plantation owner died in 1861, however the deed was lost.

The village has a mixed population of the Ndyuka, Saramaka, and Matawai tribes. In the late 19th century, the village was a stronghold of the Gaan Gadu (Great God) religion which rapidly spread to the creole and maroon communities.

Saramacca River
Saramacca River is a river in Suriname. The Arawaks named this river "Surama", and today's name "Saramacca" is probably derived from it. It originates in the Wilhelmina Mountains and flows northwards and enters the Atlantic Ocean together with the Coppename River. It has a river basin of 9.400 km2 and length of 255 km. The Saramacca River is used for water transport. Scientific exploration of the river began in the 1770s.
Murchadh Ó Madadhan
Murchadh Ó Madadhan (died 1327) was King of Síol Anmchadha.

Murchad of Magh Bealaigh, who was Chief from 1286 to 1327. Murchad married Marcella, daughter of Eoghan Ó Cellaigh. In 1327 He resigned his chieftainship of his own accord and went away from Royal Rule to Rome, to resign his soul to the Supreme King, and his body to the cemetery of Saint Peter in the chief city.

Síol Anmchadha
Síol Anmchadha (Irish: Síl n-Anmcadha) was a sub-kingdom or lordship of Uí Maine, and ruled by an offshoot of the Uí Maine called the Síol Anmchadha ("the seed of Anmchadh"), from whom the territory took its name. It was located in Connacht, Ireland.
Shvartsman
Shvartsman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alex Shvartsman (born 1975), American Magic: The Gathering player

Leib Shvartsman, birth name of Lev Shestov (1866–1938), Russian existentialist philosopher

Leonid Shvartsman (1920–2022), Soviet and Russian animator and artist

Roman Shvartsman (born 1936), Ukrainian public figure

Alex Shvartsman
Alex Shvartsman (born November 19, 1975) is an American science fiction and fantasy writer and editor known primarily for humorous short stories. He won the WSFA Small Press Award for Short Fiction in 2014 for his short story "Explaining Cthulhu to Grandma" published in the InterGalactic Medicine Show magazine. He won the WSFA Small Press Award in 2014 and was a finalist for the Canopus Award for Excellence in Interstellar Writing in 2015 and 2017.

Alex Shvartsman is also a Magic: The Gathering player. While having enjoyed only a moderate degree of success on the Pro Tour, he is one of the most successful Grand Prix players ever. With 21 appearances, Shvartsman held the record for most Grand Prix top eights for a long time, but is now ranked 12th tied with Shota Yasooka.
Ukilla
Ukilla (Quechua for a medical plant whose seed is used to dye, Hispanicized spelling Uquilla) is a 5,092-metre-high (16,706 ft) volcano in the Bolivian Andes. It is situated in the Potosí Department, Nor Lípez Province, Quemes Municipality. Ukilla lies south of the Uyuni salt flat in a volcanic field known as Pampa Luxsar.

Potosí Department
Potosí (Spanish pronunciation: [potoˈsi]; Quechua: P'utuqsi; Aymara: Putusi) is a department in southwestern Bolivia. Its area is 118,218 km2 and its population is 856,419 (2024 census). The capital is the city of Potosí. 
It is a mostly barren, mountainous region with one large plateau to the west, where the largest salt flat in the world, Salar de Uyuni, is located.

Cerro Potosí was the richest province in the Spanish Empire, providing a great percentage of the silver that was shipped to Europe.

Potosi is also the location of the San Cristóbal silver, zinc and lead mines, developed by the US company Apex Silver Mines Limited of Colorado and sold in November 2008 to the Japanese Sumitomo Corporation.
Tonyn (1781 ship)
Tonyn was launched at Newfoundland in 1779, as Plato. Plato was renamed to Tonyn in 1781. She then traded with North America and as a West Indiaman. From 1797, she made two voyages from Liverpool as a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. She was captured and recaptured in 1798 on her first voyage, and sunk on her second circa 1800, as she was returning home.

Slave ship
Slave ships were large cargo ships specially built or converted from the 17th to the 19th century for transporting slaves. Such ships were also known as "Guineamen" because the trade involved human trafficking to and from the Guinea coast in West Africa.
Ted Shaw
John Allison Shaw (February 24, 1906 – February 2, 1966), nicknamed "Ted", was an American Negro league pitcher for the Detroit Stars from 1928 to 1930.

A native of Monrovia, California, Shaw attended Monrovia High School. He made his Negro league debut for the Detroit Stars in their 1928 season, and remained with the club through the 1930 season. Shaw posted an 11–5 record on the mound for the 1930 Stars as they went on to reach the Negro National League championship series. He died in Honolulu, Hawaii in 1966 at age 59.

Monrovia, California
Monrovia is a city in the foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains in the San Gabriel Valley of Los Angeles County, California, United States. Monrovia is the fourth-oldest general-law city in Los Angeles County and the L.A. Basin (after Los Angeles, Santa Monica, and Pasadena, all now charter cities). Incorporated in 1887, it has grown from a sparse community of orange ranches to a residential community of over 37,000. The population was 37,931 at the 2020 census.
Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair
Ruaidrí mac Tairrdelbach Ua Conchobair (Modern Irish: Ruairí Ó Conchúir; anglicised as Rory O'Conor) (c. 1116 – 2 December 1198) was King of Connacht from 1156 to 1186, and High King of Ireland from 1166 to 1198. He was the last High King of Ireland before the Anglo-Norman invasion.

Ruaidrí was one of over twenty sons of King Tairrdelbach Ua Conchobair (1088–1156). He and his sister Mór were Tairrdelbach's only children from his third wife, Cailech Dé Ní Eidin of Aidhne.

Kingdom of Meath
Meath (/miːð/ MEEDH; Modern Irish: Mí; Old Irish: Mide [ˈmʲiðʲe]) was a kingdom in Ireland from the 1st to the 12th century AD. Its name means "middle," denoting its location in the middle of the island.

At its greatest extent, it included all of County Meath (which takes its name from the kingdom), all of County Westmeath, and parts of counties Cavan, Dublin, Kildare, Longford, Louth and Offaly.
Broccostella
Broccostella is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) east of Rome and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northeast of Frosinone.

Broccostella borders the following municipalities: Arpino, Campoli Appennino, Fontechiari, Posta Fibreno, Sora.

Lady Gaga's maternal great-grandparents Vincenzo Ferri and Filomena Campagna (Veronica Rose Bissett's parents) were both born in this comune when its name still was only Brocco.

Province of Frosinone
The province of Frosinone (Italian: provincia di Frosinone) is a province in the Lazio region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Frosinone. It has an area of 3,247 square kilometres (1,254 sq mi) and a total population of 493,605 (2016). The province contains 91 comuni (sg.: comune), listed in the comuni of the province of Frosinone.

The province was established by royal decree on 6 December 1926 with territories belonging to the then provinces of Rome and Caserta. The areas of the then province of Caserta were the left valley of the Liri-Garigliano river, the district of Sora, the Valle di Comino, the district of Cassino, the Gulf of Formia and Gaeta, the Pontine Islands, which until then had been for centuries included in the Province called Terra di Lavoro, of the Kingdom of Naples (or of the Two Sicilies). Most of these territories were part of the ancient Latium adiectum.
Hans Christian Andersen's The Little Mermaid (1975 film)
Hans Christian Andersen's The Little Mermaid (アンデルセン童話 にんぎょ姫, Anderusen Dōwa: Ningyo-hime; lit. 'Andersen's Fairy Tales: Princess Mermaid') is a Japanese anime film based on Hans Christian Andersen's 1837 fairy tale, released in 1975 by Toei Animation. This film is close to Andersen's story, notably in its preservation of the original and tragic ending. The two main protagonists are the youngest daughter of the royal family, Marina, and her best friend Fritz, an Atlantic dolphin calf. In Japan, this film was shown in the Toei Manga Matsuri (Toei Cartoon Festival) in 1975.

The film was later released in the United States, dubbed into English by G. G. Communications, Inc. and Prima Film, Inc., in January of 1979, under the title: Hans Christian Anderson's The Little Mermaid (Andersen's name would be correctly spelled in subsequent releases).

Comedy podcast RiffTrax (Michael J. Nelson, Bill Corbett and Kevin Murphy) recorded and released a riff in 2024.

Michael J. Nelson
Michael John Nelson (born October 11, 1964) is an American comedian and writer, most known for his work on the television series Mystery Science Theater 3000 (MST3K). Nelson was the head writer of the series for most of the show's original eleven-year run, and spent half of that time as the on-air host, also named Mike Nelson. In addition to writing books, Nelson is currently part of the online movie riffing site RiffTrax, and was previously part of the straight-to-DVD Film Crew with fellow MST3K alumni, Bill Corbett and Kevin Murphy.
Joseph Waltl
Dr. Joseph Waltl (28 July 1805 – 4 March 1888) was a German physician and naturalist.

Waltl was born in Wasserburg am Bodensee and studied at Landshut and Munich, graduating in medicine in 1819. He then travelled in Austria, France and Spain. In 1833 he became a teacher in Passau, and in 1835 a professor of natural history at the university.

His numerous writings were mainly concerned with beetles and other insects. Notably, the singular Iberian ribbed newt was named Pleurodeles waltl in honor of the young Waltl by his colleague Karl Michahelles in 1830.

In 1839 he published "Reise durch Tyrol, Oberitalien und Piemont nach dem südlichen Spanien" (Journey through Tyrol, northern Italy and the Piedmont to southern Spain). Also, he was the author of several mineralogical/geognostic works associated with Passau and its environs.

Karl Michahelles
Georg Christian Karl Wilhelm Michahelles (5 May 1807, Nuremberg – 15 August 1834, Nauplia) was a German zoologist and physician originally from Bavaria.

From 1827, he studied medicine at the University of Munich, where he made the acquaintance of naturalist Lorenz Oken. In 1831 he received his doctorate of medicine and surgery with the thesis Das Malo Di Scarlievo in Historischer Und Pathologischer Hinsicht.

Michahelles travelled extensively in Dalmatia, Illyria and Croatia, becoming well known for his study of the birds of the area. He died after being affected with dysentery in Greece, aged only 27, where he went to practice medicine and study the wildlife.

He identified, amongst other Mediterranean species, the western rock nuthatch, ladder snake and the  Iberian ribbed newt. The yellow-legged gull (Larus michahellis) was named after him by Johann Friedrich Naumann.
Vishwa Fernando
Muthuthanthrige Vishwa Thilina Fernando (born 18 September 1991), commonly as Vishwa Fernando, is a professional Sri Lankan cricketer, who represents the national side in all three formats. He had his education in St. Sebastian's College, Moratuwa. He is the elder brother of the emerging cricketer Nuwanidu Fernando.

St. Sebastian's College, Moratuwa
St. Sebastian's College (Sinhala: සාන්ත සෙබස්තියන් විදුහල, Tamil: செயிண்ட் செபாஸ்டியன் கல்லூரி) is a  Catholic educational institution in Moratuwa, Sri Lanka, established in 1854.

The college enrolls over 4,000 students served by a staff of over 200. The college motto is "Exspecta Dominum Viriliter Age", meaning "Expect the Lord and act manfully" in Latin.
Czaplicki
Czaplicki (feminine: Czaplicka; plural: Czapliccy) is a Polish surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Agata Czaplicki (born 1983), Swiss swimmer

Edmund Czaplicki (1904–1940), Polish ice hockey player

Maria Czaplicka (1884–1921), Polish anthropologist

Maria Czaplicka
Maria Antonina Czaplicka (25 October 1884 – 27 May 1921), also referred to as Marya Antonina Czaplicka and Marie Antoinette Czaplicka, was a Polish cultural anthropologist who is best known for her ethnography of Siberian shamanism. Czaplicka's research survives in three major works: her studies in Aboriginal Siberia (1914); a travelogue published as My Siberian Year (1916); and a set of lectures published as The Turks of Central Asia (1918). Curzon Press republished all three volumes, plus a fourth volume of articles and letters, in 1999.
Governor's Bridge, Belfast
Governor's Bridge is a road bridge in Stranmillis, south Belfast. It was inaugurated on 23 September 1974.  It was named after Ralph Grey, Baron Grey of Naunton, the final Governor of Northern Ireland, who left office in June 1973.

The bridge forms part of a one-way system along with the neighbouring King's Bridge. Together they connect the Stranmillis and Annadale Embankments, with Governor's Bridge carrying traffic from the latter to the former.

A pedestrian and cycle underpass, which opened in 2001, carries National Cycle Route 9 under the bridge on the west side. The underpass is below the waterline and a pump prevents its flooding.

One-way traffic
One-way traffic (or uni-directional traffic) is traffic that moves in a single direction.  A one-way street is a street either facilitating only one-way traffic, or designed to direct vehicles to move in one direction.  One-way streets typically result in higher traffic flow as drivers may avoid encountering oncoming traffic or turns through oncoming traffic.  Residents may dislike one-way streets due to the circuitous route required to get to a specific destination, and the potential for higher speeds adversely affecting pedestrian safety.  Some studies even challenge the original motivation for one-way streets, in that the circuitous routes negate the claimed higher speeds.
Stanowo, Pomeranian Voivodeship
Stanowo [staˈnɔvɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dzierzgoń, within Sztum County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Sztum County
Sztum County (Polish: powiat sztumski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Pomeranian Voivodeship, northern Poland. Its administrative seat and largest town is Sztum, which lies 56 kilometres (35 mi) south-east of the regional capital Gdańsk. The only other town in the county is Dzierzgoń, lying 21 km (13 mi) east of Sztum.

The county was created, as a result of local pressure, in 2002. The area had been part of Malbork County.

The county covers an area of 730.85 square kilometres (282.2 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 41,476, out of which the population of Sztum is 9,940, that of Dzierzgoń is 5,364, and the rural population is 26,172.

Sztum County on a map of the counties of Pomeranian Voivodeship

Sztum County is bordered by Malbork County to the north, Elbląg County to the north-east, Ostróda County to the east, Iława County to the south-east, Kwidzyn County to the south and Tczew County to the west.
Coltan
Coltan (short for columbite–tantalite and known industrially as tantalite) is a dull black metallic ore from which the elements niobium and tantalum are extracted. The niobium-dominant mineral in coltan is columbite (after niobium's original name columbium), and the tantalum-dominant mineral is tantalite.

Among other uses, tantalum from coltan is used to manufacture tantalum capacitors which are used for mobile phones, personal computers, automotive electronics, and cameras. Niobium is used in the manufacture of MRI magnets and as an additive to steel. Coltan mining is widespread in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Sons of Gwalia
Sons of Gwalia was a Western Australian mining company that mined gold, tantalum, spodumene, lithium and tin. It was Australia's third-largest gold producer and controlled more than half of the world's production of tantalum, before entering administration in August 2004 following a financial collapse.
Nueltin Lake
Nueltin Lake (Chipewyan: Nu-thel-tin-tu-ch-eh, meaning "sleeping island lake") straddles the Manitoba—Nunavut border in Canada. The lake, which has an area of 2,279 km2 (880 sq mi), is predominantly in Nunavut's Kivalliq Region, and on the Manitoba side there is the Nueltin Lake Airport which serves the fishing lodge. The lake is split into two parts by a set of narrows. It is drained by the Thlewiaza River.

Kivalliq Region
The Kivalliq Region (/kɪˈvælɪk/; Inuktitut syllabics: ᑭᕙᓪᓕᖅ) is an administrative region of Nunavut, Canada. It consists of the portion of the mainland to the west of Hudson Bay together with Southampton Island and Coats Island. The regional centre is Rankin Inlet. The population was 11,045 in the 2021 Canadian census, an increase of 6.1% from the 2016 census.

Before 1999, the Kivalliq Region existed under slightly different boundaries as Keewatin Region, Northwest Territories. Although the Kivalliq name became official in 1999, Statistics Canada continued to refer to the area as the Keewatin Region in publications such as the Census until 2021. Most references to the area as "Keewatin" have generally been phased out by Nunavut-based bodies, as that name was originally rooted in a region of northwestern Ontario derived from a Cree dialect, and only saw application onto Inuit-inhabited lands because of the boundaries of the now-defunct District of Keewatin.
Ademar lo Negre
Ademar lo Negre ("Adhemar the Black") was a troubadour from Languedoc in the early thirteenth century (fl. 1210–1219). He was originally from Château-Vieux (Castelveill), which was under the jurisdiction of the Trencavel lords of Albi at the time. He was patronised by Peter II of Aragon and Raymond VI of Toulouse and even spent some time at the court of Ferdinand III of Castile. Four cansos of his survive.

Trencavel
The Trencavel family was an important French noble family in Languedoc between the 10th and 13th centuries. The name "Trencavel" began as a nickname and later became the family's surname.  The name may derive from the Occitan words for "Nutcracker" (trenca avelana). The name was traditionally restricted in actual use only to those family members named Raymond, but the last Trencavel viscount, Raymond II, preferred the surname over his given name and adopted it for his charters.

The first well-known member of the family was Ato I, viscount of Albi in the early 10th century. He was followed by five generations of viscounts of Albi in direct father-to-son descent. During this same period the family came to dominate the episcopacy of Languedoc. Each of the viscounts from Ato II on had a younger brother named Frotarius (or Frothaire) who was a bishop, be it of Albi, Cahors, or Nîmes.
Battle of Taguanes
The Battle of Taguanes was fought between Spanish royalists and the Second Republic of Venezuela on 31 July 1813 during the Admirable Campaign of the War of Venezuelan Independence.

Simon Bolivar and his patriots won the battle handily, defeating the Spanish (and killing their colonel) and eventually capturing Valencia on 2 August and Caracas on 3 August.

Valencia, Venezuela
Valencia (Spanish pronunciation: [baˈlensja]) is the capital city of Carabobo State and the third-largest city in Venezuela.

The city is an economic hub that contains Venezuela's top industries and manufacturing companies. It is also the largest city in the Valencia-Maracay metropolitan region, which with a population of about 4.5 million is the country's second largest after that of Caracas. Caracas lies some 172 kilometres (107 miles) away to the east.
Dark Lord: The Rise of Darth Vader
Dark Lord: The Rise of Darth Vader is a novel set in the Star Wars Legends continuity, written by James Luceno, that was published by Del Rey on November 22, 2005. Dark Lord takes place in the immediate aftermath of the events in Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith, and focuses on Darth Vader and his rise to power in the newly inaugurated Galactic Empire.

Star Wars in other media
Star Wars has been expanded to other media since the eponymous 1977 film, including many books, comic books, and video games, as well as other forms such as audio dramas. Licensed and moderated by Lucasfilm, these derivative works have been produced concurrently with, between, and after the original, prequel, and sequel trilogies, as well as the spin-off films and television series.

Star Wars creator George Lucas reserved the right to draw from and contradict spin-off media in his own works. Non-film material produced before 2014, with the exception of the animated The Clone Wars TV series, was collectively known as the Star Wars Expanded Universe (EU). On April 25, 2014, Lucasfilm—which had been acquired by Disney—renamed the Expanded Universe Star Wars Legends and declared it non-canonical to the franchise. Since then, most but not all new Star Wars works have been part of the official Lucasfilm canon.
Anand (name)
Anand (pronounced [aːˈnənd̪]) is a name as well as a surname of Indian Hindu origin, derived from the Sanskrit abstract noun आनन्द (ānanda), which means happiness or joy.. Some Anand surname people belong to the Khukhrain clan among Kshatriya caste mostly found in Haryana and Punjab, while some Anand surname people belong to Kashmiri Brahmin caste mostly found in Kashmir.

Kshatriya
Kshatriya (Sanskrit: क्षत्रिय, romanized: Kṣatriya) (from Sanskrit kṣatra, "rule, authority"; also called Rajanya) is one of the four varnas (social orders) of Hindu society and is associated with the warrior aristocracy. The Sanskrit term kṣatriyaḥ is used in the context of later Vedic society wherein members were organised into four classes: brahmin, kshatriya, vaishya, and shudra.
Middle River Township, Marshall County, Minnesota
Middle River Township is a township in Marshall County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 102 at the 2000 census.

Middle River Township was organized in 1879, and named after the Middle River.

Middle River (Minnesota)
The Middle River is a tributary of the Snake River in northwestern Minnesota in the United States.  It flows for its entire length in Marshall County.

Middle River was so named from its location at the midpoint of the Pembina Trail.