hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fehmi
Fehmi is a Turkish given name for males. It is Turkish spelling of the Arabic name and word Fahmi (Arabic: فهمي) which means "understanding, comprehension, knowing".

People named Fehmi include:

Fehmi Agani (1932–1999), sociologist, leading political strategist, assassinated Albanian-Kosovar national hero

Fehmî (1564–1596), Ottoman poet

Fehmi Bülent Yıldırım (born 1966), Turkish Muslim activist

Fehmi Koru (born 1950), Turkish columnist and journalist

Fehmi Mert Günok (born 1989), Turkish footballer

Fehmi Naji (born 1928), Grand Mufti of Australia

Hasan Fehmi Bey (1874–1909), Assassinated Turkish journalist

Hasan Fehmi Güneş (1934–2021), Turkish politician

Mustafa Fehmi Kubilay (1906–1930), Turkish national hero

Fehmi Agani
Fehmi Agani (23 January 1932 – 6 May 1999) was a sociologist and politician in Kosovo who was considered to be the leading thinker and political strategist of the Democratic League of Kosovo (LDK) in the 1990s. He represented the LDK in international negotiations prior to the 1998–1999 Kosovo War, but was murdered, apparently by Serbian soldiers, during the war because of his political attitudes.
Frattesina
Frattesina is a place in northern Italy near the town of Fratta Polesine which, in the Late Bronze Age, was responsible for the production of much of the glass found in Europe.

Frattesina was founded on the river Po, and evidence of glass manufacture dates from ca. 1100 to the tenth century BC. Evidence suggests that not only was alkali glass manufactured there, but also that the site was involved in long-distance trade. Evidence of glazing of pottery has also been found.

During the late and final Bronze Age in Italy, Frattesina’s industrial community refined metal, made tools from deer antlers, and produced glass beads.

Glass bead making
Glass bead making has long traditions, with the oldest known beads dating over 3,000 years. People have been making beads out of glass since at least Ancient Roman times. Perhaps the earliest glass-like beads were Egyptian faience beads, a form of clay bead with a self-forming vitreous coating. Glass beads are significant in archaeology because the presence of glass beads often indicates that there was trade and that the bead making technology was being spread. In addition, the composition of the glass beads could be analyzed and help archaeologists understand the sources of the beads.

Around 15,000 BC, in Egypt and Mesopotamia, glass beads became popular decorative items, symbolizing wealth, artistry, and expanding trade across ancient civilizations.
Hatto II
Hatto II (died on 18 January 970) was the archbishop of Mainz from 968 to 970.

While in office, he built the church of St. George on the island of Reichenau, donated heavily to the abbeys of Fulda and Reichenau, and was a patron of the chronicler Regino of Prüm.

A well-known folk tale describes Hatto as a cruel and oppressive ruler who was finally punished by being eaten alive by mice - an event which supposedly happened in the Mouse Tower (see details on that page). There is, however, no indication of the tale being historically true, and similar tales were attached to various other rulers as well, such as the Count of Wörthschlössl Castle in Bavaria.

The story's reference to Hatto's demand for tribute or a toll ("Maut" in German) of ships passing the tower, as well as its later use as a customs collection tower, provide a suggested etymological origin for its name, with "Mautturm" (toll tower) eventually becoming "Mäuseturm".

Regino of Prüm
Regino of Prüm or of Prum (Latin: Regino Prumiensis, German: Regino von Prüm; died 915 AD) was a Benedictine monk, who served as abbot of Prüm (892–99) and later of Saint Martin's at Trier, and chronicler, whose Chronicon is an important source for late Carolingian history.
S-100 bus
The S-100 bus or Altair bus, later standardized as IEEE 696-1983 (inactive-withdrawn), is an early computer bus designed in 1974 as a part of the Altair 8800. The S-100 bus was the first industry-standard expansion bus for the microcomputer industry. S-100 computers, consisting of processor and peripheral cards, were produced by a number of manufacturers.  The S-100 bus formed the basis for homebrew computers whose builders (e.g., the Homebrew Computer Club) implemented drivers for CP/M and MP/M.  These S-100 microcomputers ran the gamut from hobbyist toy to small business workstation and were common in early home computers until the advent of the IBM PC.

MP/M
MP/M (Multi-Programming Monitor Control Program) is a discontinued multi-user version of the CP/M operating system, created by Digital Research developer Tom Rolander in 1979. It allowed multiple users to connect to a single computer, each using a separate terminal.

MP/M was a fairly advanced operating system for its era, at least on microcomputers. It included a priority-scheduled multitasking kernel (before such a name was used, the kernel was referred to as the nucleus) with memory protection, concurrent input/output (XIOS) and support for spooling and queueing. It also allowed for each user to run multiple programs, and switch between them.
Achdé
Achdé (French: [aʃde]), the pseudonym of Hervé Darmenton ([daʁmɑ̃tɔ̃]; born July 30, 1961), is a French comic book writer and artist. The pseudonym is based on the French pronunciation of his initials, "H.D." (similar to Hergé and Jijé). After the death of Morris, the creator of Lucky Luke, Achdé continued the task of drawing new Lucky Luke stories from 2003 onwards.

Glossary of comics terminology
Comics has developed specialized terminology. Several attempts have been made to formalize and define the terminology of comics by authors such as Will Eisner, Scott McCloud, R. C. Harvey and Dylan Horrocks. Much of the terminology in English is under dispute, so this page will list and describe the most common terms used in comics.
Yalenzou
Yalenzou  is a town and sub-prefecture in the Nzérékoré Prefecture in the Nzérékoré Region of Guinea. It is located southeast of Nzérékoré along the N2 road. The town of Nzao lies between Yalenzou and Nzérékoré.

Nzérékoré Region
The Nzérékoré Region (N'Ko: ߒߛߙߍߜߍ߬ߘߍ߫ ߕߌ߲߬ߞߎߘߎ߲) is one of the eight administrative regions of Guinea. Spread across an area of 37,668 km2 (14,544 sq mi), its capital and largest city is Nzérékoré. Located in the south-west corner of the country, it is bordered by the countries of Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Ivory Coast, and the Guinean regions of Kankan and Faranah.
1932 Dutch Senate election
Elections for 25 out of 50 seats in the Senate of the Netherlands were held on 29 July 1932. All seats in electoral group II comprising the provinces of Gelderland, Overijssel, Groningen and Drenthe, and electoral group IV comprising the province of South Holland, were up for election.

Within each electoral group, Senators were elected by provincial councils using party-list proportional representation. Provincial councillors' votes were weighted to their province's population.

No seats changed hands in the election, and the incumbent Coalition government retained its majority of 30 seats.

Overijssel
Overijssel (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌoːvərˈɛisəl] ⓘ; Dutch Low Saxon: Oaveriessel [ˌɒːvərˈiːsl̩]; German: Oberyssel; lit. 'Outer IJssel') is a province of the Netherlands located in the eastern part of the country. The province borders Drenthe to the north, Friesland to the north-west, Flevoland (and a small part of the IJsselmeer) to the west, Gelderland to the south and west, and Germany's states of Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia to the east. Overijssel had a population of about 1,184,000 as of January 2023.

The province's name comes from the perspective of the Episcopal principality of Utrecht, which held the territory until 1528. The capital city of Overijssel is Zwolle (pop. 132,441) and the largest city is Enschede (pop. 161,235). The land mostly consists of grasslands and some forests (including Sallandse Heuvelrug National Park).
Mitsubishi 4J1 engine
The Mitsubishi 4J1 engine is a range of all-alloy straight-4 engines. The main goal was declared as reduction on-road CO2 emission on new vehicles. According to cars specifications fuel consumption also was improved. Comparing to previous engine series (4B1) valvetrain configuration was changed from DOHC to SOHC, Variable valve lift (VVL) technology added. The engine usually is paired with the ecological features like Start-Stop system and EGR. That engine mostly is appearing in the cars Lancer X, ASX, Outlander on several markets across Japan, Europe and Latin America.

Variable valve lift
Variable valve lift (VVL) is an automotive piston engine technology which varies the height a valve opens in order to improve performance, fuel economy or emissions. There are two main types of VVL: discrete, which employs fixed valve lift amounts, and continuous, which is able to vary the amount of lift. Continuous valve lift systems typically allow for the elimination of the throttle (which is otherwise normally a single valve constricting the entire engine’s intake airway).

When used in conjunction with variable valve timing (VVT), variable valve lift can potentially offer infinite control over the intake and exhaust valve timing.
Stratonovich integral
In stochastic processes, the Stratonovich integral or Fisk–Stratonovich integral (developed simultaneously by Ruslan Stratonovich and Donald Fisk) is a stochastic integral, the most common alternative to the Itô integral. Although the Itô integral is the usual choice in applied mathematics, the Stratonovich integral is frequently used in physics.

In some circumstances, integrals in the Stratonovich definition are easier to manipulate. Unlike the Itô calculus, Stratonovich integrals are defined such that the chain rule of ordinary calculus holds.

Perhaps the most common situation in which these are encountered is as the solution to Stratonovich stochastic differential equations (SDEs). These are equivalent to Itô SDEs and it is possible to convert between the two whenever one definition is more convenient.

Langevin equation
In physics, a Langevin equation (named after Paul Langevin) is a stochastic differential equation describing how a system evolves when subjected to a combination of deterministic and fluctuating ("random") forces. The dependent variables in a Langevin equation typically are collective (macroscopic) variables changing only slowly in comparison to the other (microscopic) variables of the system. The fast (microscopic) variables are responsible for the stochastic nature of the Langevin equation.  One application is to Brownian motion, which models the fluctuating motion of a small particle in a fluid.
Castilleja densiflora
Castilleja densiflora is a herbaceous flowering plant species known by the common names denseflower Indian paintbrush or white / denseflower owlclover.  Like other members of the Indian paintbrushes, it is a root-parasite.  It is native to California and northern Baja California, where it grows in grassland and chaparral habitat. It is a variable species. It is generally 10 to 40 centimeters tall with linear or lance-shaped leaves up to 8 centimeters long, and with or without lobes. The inflorescence is as small as 3 centimeters or as long as 25 centimeters in length, and has bracts tipped in white to dull or bright pink or purple. Between the bracts appear the flowers, which are somewhat rounded and pouched, and white to yellow to pink or purple in color.

Castilleja densiflora ssp. obispoensis, ssp. endemic to SLO County

Chaparral
Chaparral (/ˌʃæpəˈræl, ˌtʃæp-/ SHAP-ə-RAL, CHAP-) is a shrubland plant community found primarily in California, southern Oregon, and northern Baja California, part of the California floristic province. It is shaped by a Mediterranean climate (mild wet winters and hot dry summers) and infrequent, high-intensity crown fires. Many chaparral shrubs have hard sclerophyllous evergreen leaves, as contrasted with the associated soft-leaved, drought-deciduous, scrub community of coastal sage scrub, found often on drier, southern-facing slopes.

Three other closely related chaparral shrubland systems occur in southern Arizona, western Texas, and along the eastern side of central Mexico's mountain chains, all having summer rains in contrast to the Mediterranean climate of other chaparral formations.
Defence and Home Affairs Select Committee
The Defence and Home Affairs Select Committee (Malay: Jawatankuasa Pilihan Khas Pertahanan dan Hal Ehwal Dalam Negeri; Chinese: 馬來西亞國防與內政專責委員會; Tamil: பாதுகாப்பு மற்றும் உள்நாட்டு விவகாரங்களுக்கான சிறப்புக் குழு மலேசியா) is a select committee of the Malaysian House of Representatives, which scrutinises the Ministry of Defence and Ministry of Home Affairs. It is among six new bipartisan parliamentary select committees announced by Speaker of the House of Representatives, Mohamad Ariff Md Yusof, on 4 December 2018 in an effort to improve the institutional system.

Ministry of Home Affairs (Malaysia)
The Ministry of Home Affairs (Malay: Kementerian Dalam Negeri; Jawi: كمنترين دالم نڬري‎), abbreviated KDN, MOHA, is a ministry of the Government of Malaysia that is responsible for home affairs: law enforcement, public security, public order,   population registry, immigration, foreign workers, management of societies, anti-drug, publication / printing / distribution of printed materials, film control, management of volunteer, rehabilitation and implementation of punishment.

The Minister of Home Affairs administers his functions through the Ministry of Home Affairs and a range of other government agencies. The current Minister of Home Affairs is Saifuddin Nasution Ismail, whose term began on 3 December 2022.
Tuadook River
Tuadook River is a Canadian river in Northumberland County, New Brunswick. The river drains northeastward from Holmes Lake and Tuadook Lake into the Little Southwest Miramichi River. The name is derived from the original Mi'kmaq name for the Little Southwest Miramichi River

Mi'kmaq language
Miꞌkmaq (/ˈmɪɡmɑː/ MIG-mah; Mi'kmaq: [miːɡmax]) is an Eastern Algonquian language spoken by nearly 11,000 Miꞌkmaq in Canada and the United States; the total ethnic Miꞌkmaq population is roughly 20,000.

The native name of the language is Lnuismk, Miꞌkmawiꞌsimk or Miꞌkmwei (in some dialects). The word Miꞌkmaq is a plural word meaning 'my friends' (singular miꞌkm); the adjectival form is Miꞌkmaw.
Miꞌkmaq has historically been spelled and pronounced Micmac /ˈmɪkmæk/ in English. Contemporary spellings include Migmaw and Mikmaw in English, and Míkmaq, Míkmaw and Mìgmao in Miꞌkmaq.
Au Sable Forks, New York
Au Sable Forks is a census-designated place which straddles both Clinton and Essex counties in New York State, United States. The northern half of the community, within Clinton County, is listed as the Au Sable Forks census-designated place (CDP) and had a population of 559 at the 2010 census.

Clinton County, New York
Clinton County is the northeasternmost county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 United States Census, the population was 79,843. Its county seat is the city of Plattsburgh. The county lies just south of the border with the Canadian province of Quebec, and to the west of the State of Vermont. The county is named for George Clinton, the first Governor of New York, who later was elected as Vice President. He had been a Founding Father who represented New York in the Continental Congress. Clinton County comprises the Plattsburgh, New York micropolitan statistical area. The county is part of the North Country region of the state.
New York State Department of Labor
The New York State Department of Labor (DOL or NYSDOL) is the department of the New York state government that enforces labor law and administers unemployment benefits.

The mission of the New York State Department of Labor is to protect workers, assist the unemployed and connect job seekers to jobs, according to its website. It works to ensure a fair wage for all workers, protect the safety and health of workers and the public, help the unemployed via temporary payments (unemployment insurance), link job seekers with employers, and guide workers to training. Its regulations are compiled in title 12 of the New York Codes, Rules and Regulations.

The NYS Department of Labor of today came as a direct result of the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire, which took place on March 25, 1911.

Workers' compensation (United States)
Workers' compensation (which formerly was known as workmen's compensation until the name was changed to make it gender neutral) in the United States is a primarily state-based system of workers' compensation.

In the United States, some form of workers compensation is typically compulsory for almost all employers in most states (depending upon the features of the organization), with the notable exception of Texas as of 2018. Regardless of compulsory requirements, businesses may purchase insurance voluntarily, and in the United States policies typically include Part One for compulsory coverage and Part Two for non-compulsory coverage.

By 1949, every state had enacted a workers' compensation program.
Cochise (crater)
Cochise is a feature on Earth's Moon, a crater in Taurus-Littrow valley.  Astronauts Eugene Cernan and Harrison Schmitt landed southwest of it in 1972, on the Apollo 17 mission.  They drove along its rim in the rover during EVA 3, but did not stop.

To the southwest are Shakespeare and Van Serg, and to the northeast is Bowen and Geology Station 8 at the base of the Sculptured Hills.

The crater was named by the astronauts after Cochise, Chief of the Chiricahua Apache.

Cochise in foreground as viewed from Geology Station 6, some distance up the North Massif

Apollo 17 panoramic camera image from low lunar orbit

Chiricahua
Chiricahua (/ˌtʃɪrɪˈkɑːwə/ CHIRR-i-KAH-wə) is a band of Apache Native Americans.

Based in the Southern Plains and Southwestern United States, the Chiricahua historically shared a common area, language, customs, and intertwined family relations with their fellow Apaches. At the time of European contact, they had a territory of 15 million acres (61,000 km2) in Southwestern New Mexico and Southeastern Arizona in the United States and in Northern Sonora and Chihuahua in Mexico.

Today Chiricahua live in Northern Mexico and in the United States where they are primarily enrolled in three federally recognized tribes: the Fort Sill Apache Tribe, located near Apache, Oklahoma, with a small reservation outside Deming, New Mexico; the Mescalero Apache Tribe of the Mescalero Reservation near Ruidoso, New Mexico; and the San Carlos Apache Tribe in southeastern Arizona.
Women's suffrage in Wyoming
Wyoming was the first State to incorporate women's suffrage, although women in the Territory of Utah voted first. Other jurisdictions had already given limited suffrage to women who met various property qualifications. A U.S. territory in 1869, Wyoming's first territorial legislature voted to give women the right to vote and to hold public office. A legislature made entirely of men passed the woman's suffrage bill in 1869 entitled An Act to Grant to the Women of Wyoming Territory the Right of Suffrage, and to Hold Office. The territory retained its woman suffrage law even when that law could have jeopardized the Wyoming Territory's application for statehood. In 1890, Wyoming became the first U.S. state allowing its woman citizens to vote.

Amalia Post
Amalia Post (January 30, 1826 – January 28, 1897) was an American suffragist. She had been a leader in the woman suffrage movement for 25 years and was largely instrumental in having the franchise granted women in Wyoming Territory by the 1st Wyoming Territorial Legislature in 1869.
Callender Gap Creek
Callender Gap Creek (also known as Calender Gap Creek) is a tributary of the Lackawanna River in Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 0.8 miles (1.3 km) long according to The National Map and flows through Archbald and Jermyn. The watershed of the creek has an area of 0.76 square miles (2.0 km2). The creek experiences total flow loss and is impaired. However, it is a coldwater fishery.

Jermyn, Pennsylvania
Jermyn, known as "The Birthplace of First Aid in America", is a borough which is located in Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania, United States. Located on the Lackawanna River, it is 12 miles (19 km) northeast of Scranton.

In 1900, the population was 2,567, much of it attracted by the prospects of finding work at a large anthracite coal site in the region. Coal mines, cut glass works, silk, powder, grist, planing, sawmills, bottling works, and fertilizer factories dotted the borough during the early years of the twentieth century.

By the time of the 2020 census, the population had declined to 2,156.

Jermyn is presently the mailing address of the Lakeland School District. East Jermyn, the section of town east of the Lackawanna River and west of the small section of Archbald known as "Nebraska", is commonly referred to as "The Lane".
Andreyevsky Bridge
55°42′49″N 37°34′37″E﻿ / ﻿55.71361°N 37.57694°E﻿ / 55.71361; 37.57694
Andreyevsky Bridge (Russian: Андреевский мост, St. Andrew’s Bridge) name refers to a historical bridge demolished in 1998 and three existing bridges across Moskva River, located between Luzhniki and Gorky Park in Moscow.

Gorky Park (Moscow)
Gorky Central Park of Culture and Leisure (Russian: Центральный парк культуры и отдыха (ЦПКиО) имени Горького, romanized: Tsentralny park kultury i otdykha imeni Gorkogo, IPA: [tsɨnˈtralʲnɨj ˈpark kʊlʲˈturɨ i ˈodːɨxə ˈimʲɪnʲɪ ˈɡorʲkəvɐ]) is a central park in Moscow, named after Maxim Gorky.  In August 2018, the Park's 90th anniversary was celebrated.
Indy Week
Indy Week, formerly known as the Independent Weekly and originally the North Carolina Independent, is a tabloid-format alternative weekly newspaper published in Durham, North Carolina, United States, and distributed throughout the Research Triangle area (Raleigh, Durham, Chapel Hill, and Cary) and counties (Wake County, Durham County, Orange County, and Chatham County). Its first issue was published in April 1983.

Indy Week is a member of the Association of Alternative Newsmedia  and has a progressive, liberal political perspective. The Columbia Journalism Review has cited the newspaper for its "spine of steel." The print edition is published on Wednesdays.

Chatham County, North Carolina
Chatham County (locally /ˈtʃætəm/ CHAT-əm) is a county located in the Piedmont area of the U.S. state of North Carolina. It is also the location of the geographic center of North Carolina, northwest of Sanford. As of the 2020 census, the population was 76,285. Its county seat is Pittsboro.

Chatham County is part of the Durham-Chapel Hill, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Raleigh-Durham-Cary, NC Combined Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 2,368,947 in 2023.
AGBU Alex and Marie Manoogian School
AGBU Alex and Marie Manoogian School (Armenian: Ալեք Մանուկյան վարժարան) is a charter K-12 Armenian school in Southfield, Michigan in Metro Detroit. It is affiliated with Armenian General Benevolent Union (AGBU).

Central Michigan University is the charter overseer.

Metro Detroit
Metro Detroit is a major metropolitan area in the U.S. state of Michigan, consisting of the city of Detroit and over 200 municipalities in the surrounding area. There are varied definitions of the area, including the official statistical areas designated by the Office of Management and Budget, a federal agency of the United States.

Metro Detroit is known for its automotive heritage, arts, entertainment, popular music, food, cultural diversity, and sports. The area includes a variety of natural landscapes, parks, and beaches, with a recreational coastline linking the Great Lakes. Metro Detroit also has one of the largest metropolitan economies in the U.S. with 17 Fortune 500 companies.