hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hoplisoma osteocarum
Hoplisoma osteocarum, the bonehead cory or pepper cory, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the subfamily Corydoradinae, the corys, of the family Callichthyidae, the armoured catfishes. This catfish is found in the Orinoco River basin in Colmbia and Venezuela. In the system of "C-Numbers" developed by the German fishkeeping magazine DATZ to identify undescribed species of Corydoras in the aquarium hobby, this fish had been assigned number "C60" until it was correctly identified.

The fish will grow in length up to 1.6 inches (4.1 centimeters). It lives in a tropical climate in water with a 6.0 – 8.0 pH, a water hardness of 2 – 25 dGH, and a temperature range of 70–77 °F (21–25 °C). It feeds on worms, benthic crustaceans, insects, and plant matter. It lays eggs in dense vegetation, and adults do not guard the eggs. In captivity, it produces up to 300 eggs, which it usually attaches to plants. Hatching occurs in about 3–4 days at 21.4 °C (70.5 °F).

Orinoco
The Orinoco (Spanish pronunciation: [oɾiˈnoko]) is one of the longest rivers in South America at 2,140 km (1,330 mi). Its drainage basin, sometimes known as the Orinoquia, covers approximately 1,000,000 km2 (390,000 sq mi), with 65% of it in Venezuela and 35% in Colombia. It is the fourth largest river in the world by discharge volume of water (39,000 m3/s (1,400,000 cu ft/s) at delta) due to the high precipitation throughout its catchment area (2,300 millimetres per are [0.084 in/sq ft]). The Orinoco River and its tributaries are the major transportation system for eastern and interior Venezuela and the Llanos of Colombia. The environment and wildlife in the Orinoco's basin are extremely diverse.
Fenrich
The Fenrich family (IPA [fεn'rɪç], alternative spellings: Fendrich, Fenrick, sometimes with preposition von) was an Austrian lower nobility family of German origin, a branch of the House of Fenner (Venner, Venour). The family flourished in the late 18th century in Meseritz in South Prussia (today Międzyrzecz, Poland) and moved to Austria-Hungary in the 19th century.

Von
The term von ([fɔn] ⓘ) is used in German surnames either as a nobiliary particle indicating a noble patrilineality, or as a simple preposition used by commoners that means 'of' or 'from'.

Nobility directories like the Almanach de Gotha often abbreviate the noble term von to v. In medieval or early modern names, the von particle was at times added to commoners' names; thus, Hans von Duisburg meant 'Hans from [the city of] Duisburg'. This meaning is preserved in Swiss toponymic surnames and in the Dutch van, which is a cognate of von but also does not necessarily indicate nobility.
2016 Australian Open
The 2016 Australian Open was a tennis tournament that took place at Melbourne Park between 18 and 31 January 2016. It was the 104th edition of the Australian Open, and the first Grand Slam tournament of the year. The tournament consisted of events for professional players in singles, doubles and mixed doubles play. Junior and wheelchair players competed in singles and doubles tournaments.

Novak Djokovic successfully defended the men's singles title and thus won a record-equaling sixth Australian Open title. Serena Williams was the defending champion in the women's singles but failed to defend her title, losing to Angelique Kerber in the final; by winning, Kerber became the first German player of any gender to win a Grand Slam title since Steffi Graf won her last such title at the 1999 French Open.

As in previous years, this year's tournament's title sponsor was Kia. This edition set a new attendance record for the tournament of 720,363.

Kia
Kia Corporation (Korean: 기아; pronounced [ki.a]) is a South Korean multinational automobile manufacturer headquartered in Seoul, South Korea. It is South Korea's second largest automobile manufacturer, after its parent company, Hyundai Motor Company, with sales of over 2.8 million vehicles in 2019. Kia is owned by Hyundai, which holds a 33.88% stake valued at just over US$6 billion. Kia in turn is a minority owner of more than twenty Hyundai subsidiaries ranging from 4.9% up to 45.37%, totaling more than US$8.3 billion.
Kenny Flowers
Kenny Flowers (born March 14, 1964) is an American former professional football player who was a running back for the Atlanta Falcons of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Clemson Tigers and was selected in the second round of the 1987 NFL draft by the Falcons with the 31st overall pick.

1987 NFL draft
The 1987 NFL draft was the procedure by which National Football League teams selected amateur college football players. It is officially known as the NFL Annual Player Selection Meeting. The draft was held April 28–29, 1987, at the Marriot Marquis in New York City, New York. The league also held a supplemental draft after the regular draft and before the regular season.

With the first overall pick of the draft, the Tampa Bay Buccaneers selected quarterback Vinny Testaverde.
Brooklyn–South Square Historic District
Brooklyn–South Square Historic District is a national historic district located at Salisbury, Rowan County, North Carolina.  The district encompasses 65 contributing buildings in predominantly residential section of Salisbury.  It largely developed between about 1875 and 1925, and includes notable examples of Federal, Greek Revival, and Late Victorian style architecture. Notable buildings include the Woodson-Overcash House (c. 1840), Blackmer-Propst House (c. 1856), Mowery-Peeler House (c. 1880), Keen-Bastian House (c. 1895), William Trott House (1905), J. W. Glover House (1920s), Cross-Crowell-Rufty Store (1920s), Burges-Lyerly-Fifty/Fifty Store (1920s), and the former St. Peter's Episcopal Church.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

Rowan County, North Carolina
Rowan County (/roʊˈæn/ roh-AN), officially the County of Rowan, is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, its population was 146,875.  Its county seat, Salisbury, is the oldest continuously populated European-American town in the western half of North Carolina. Rowan County is located northeast of Charlotte, and is considered part of the Charlotte metropolitan area.

Established in 1753 from the upper part of Anson County, it was named after acting North Carolina governor Matthew Rowan. Originally a vast territory with unlimited western boundaries, Rowan County was reduced in size to 524 square miles (1,360 km2) after several counties were formed from it in the 18th and 19th centuries.
Kenas-unarpe
Kenas-unarpe (ケナㇱウナㇻペ) is an Ainu wen kamuy (evil god).

She is described as akin to a mountain hag (yama-uba) with matted hair, or a monstrous bird. An origin myth says that she was born from the creator god's failed attempt at crafting the first fire making tool, another version says she spawned from the god's used and discarded axes that rotted into mire.

She is also described as using bears (or other animals turned bear) as minions for her misdeeds, including the killing of livestock or humans, and she is a trickster especially to the hunter. Sometimes she is accused of blood-sucking as well.

Hag
A hag is a wizened old woman, or a kind of fairy, witch, or goddess having the appearance of such a woman, often found in folklore and children's tales such as "Hansel and Gretel". Hags are often seen as malevolent, but may also be one of the chosen forms of shapeshifting deities, such as The Morrígan or Badb, who are seen as neither wholly benevolent nor malevolent. The word hag can also be synonymous for a witch.
The Crowning of the Virtuous Hero
The Crowning of the Virtuous Hero is a painting by Peter Paul Rubens, painted between 1613 and 1614. Unsigned, it was commissioned by the St George Guild of Archers in Antwerp for their banqueting hall and is now in the Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister within the Schloss Wilhelmshöhe in Kassel.

Wilhelmshöhe Palace
The Wilhelmshöhe Palace (German: Schloss Wilhelmshöhe) is a Neoclassical palace located in Bad Wilhelmshöhe, a part of Kassel, Germany. It was built for Landgrave Wilhelm (William) IX of Hesse in the late 18th century. Emperor Wilhelm II made extensive use of it as a summer residence and personal retreat.

Today, the palace houses the art gallery Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister, part of Museumslandschaft Hessen Kassel. Since 2013, the Wilhelmshöhe Palace has been part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site Bergpark Wilhelmshöhe because of its contribution to Baroque architecture and the outstanding water features that surround the palace.
Battledore and shuttlecock
Battledore and shuttlecock, or  jeu de volant, is a game ancestral to the modern sport of badminton. It is played by two or more people using small rackets (battledores), made of parchment or rows of gut stretched across wooden frames, and shuttlecocks, made of a base of some light material, such as cork, with trimmed feathers fixed around the top. The object is for players to bat the shuttlecock from one to the other as many times as possible without allowing it to fall to the ground.

Catgut
Catgut (also known as gut) is a type of cord that is prepared from the natural fiber found in the walls of animal intestines. Catgut makers usually use sheep or goat intestines, but occasionally use the intestines of cattle, hogs, horses, mules, or donkeys. Despite the name, catgut has never been made from cat intestines.
Jag kommer hem igen till jul
Jag kommer hem igen till jul is a Christmas album by Peter Jöback, released on 18 November 2002, consisting of both classic and modern Christmas songs. On the album charts, it topped in Sweden by late 2002. In late 2003, it reentered the charts including a new single, "Gå inte förbi", a duet with Norwegian singer Sissel Kyrkjebø. The album also peaked number four on the Norwegian Albums Chart.

The album sold more than 600 000 copies. The album was rereleased for the 10th anniversary in 2012.

VG-lista
VG-lista is the primary Norwegian record chart, charting albums and singles from Norwegian and international artists. It is presented weekly in the newspaper VG. The data is collected by Nielsen Soundscan International and based on the sales in approximately 100 shops in Norway. The singles chart started as a top 10 chart in week 42 of 1958 and was expanded to a top 20 chart in week 5 of 1995, the same time as the albums chart, which started as a top 20 chart in week 1 of 1967, was expanded to a top 40 chart. It expanded even further into a top 100 chart in week 14 of 2025.
Glow Up: Britain's Next Make-Up Star series 6
The sixth series of Glow Up: Britain's Next Make-Up Star premiered on 10 April 2024, on BBC Three and BBC iPlayer. The series saw Val Garland and Dominic Skinner return as judges whilst Leomie Anderson returned for her second series as presenter. Numerous industry professionals, including Nikkie de Jager, served as guest judges. The show had eight contestants taking part  across six episodes with the finale airing on 22nd May 2024. The sixth series was won by Shania Parris, with the runners-up being Ella Freer & Connor McGee.

BBC iPlayer
BBC iPlayer (stylised as iPLAYER or BBC iPLAYER) is a video on demand service from the BBC. The service is available over-the-top on a wide range of devices, including mobile phones and tablets, personal computers and smart televisions. iPlayer services delivered to UK-based viewers are free from commercial advertising. To use the service, a valid TV Licence is required by law.

The terms BBC iPlayer, iPlayer, and BBC Media Player refer to various methods of viewing or listening to the same content. BBC iPlayer launched in 2007. Previously, a separate BBC iPlayer Radio brand was used for radio services but this was replaced with BBC Sounds in 2018. The current logo and rebranding to "iPLAYER" has been in use since 2021.

Currently, some programmes can be watched in UHD on iPlayer as part of an ongoing trial, as well as streaming major live events in 4K on iPlayer.
2024 SEA Women's V.League
The 2024 SEA Women's V.League was the fourth edition of the SEA V.League, contested by four women's national teams that are the members of the Southeast Asian Volleyball Association (SAVA), the sport's regional governing body affiliated to Asian Volleyball Confederation (AVC).

The first leg was held in Vĩnh Phúc, Vietnam on 2–4 August while the second leg was held in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand on 9–11 August.

Asian Volleyball Confederation
The Asian Volleyball Confederation (AVC) is one of five continental governing bodies in volleyball. It governs indoor volleyball, beach volleyball, and other disciplines in Asia and Oceania, excluding the transcontinental countries of Azerbaijan, Georgia, Russia, and Turkey, as well as the West Asian countries of Armenia, Cyprus, and Israel. The AVC consists of 65 national association members.

The AVC consists of the national volleyball federations of Asia and Oceania, and club competitions including the Asian Volleyball Championships, Nations Cup, and Champions League, and also controls the prize money, regulations, as well as media rights to those competitions.

Masaichi Nishikawa acted as the first president. The current president is Ramon Suzara, a Philippine National Volleyball Federation president, who was elected as AVC's ninth president at the 25th AVC General Assembly in Bangkok in August 2024.
Washington (SP-1241)
Washington (SP-1241) was a seagoing schooner barge that served in the United States Navy in 1917.

Washington, also named Manuel Llaguno during her long commercial career, was built at Bath, Maine in 1879. While owned by the Luckenbach Steamship Company of New York City and employed in the coastal coal transportation trade, she was taken over by the U.S. Navy for World War I service as Washington on 18 October 1917 and designated SP-1241.

The Navy employed Washington as a seagoing coal barge. On 1 December 1917, while in tow from Hampton Roads, Virginia, with 2,300 long tons (2,300 t) of coal on board, Washington was caught in a heavy snow storm and went aground attempting to enter the Ambrose Channel at New York. Determined to be unsalvageable, she was stricken from the Naval Vessel Register in February 1918.

Bath, Maine
Bath is a city in and county seat of Sagadahoc County, Maine, United States. Bath had a 2024 population of 8,870. Bath is  growing at a rate of 0.29% annually, and its population has increased by 1.21% since the most recent census, which recorded a population of 8,764 in 2020. The city is popular with tourists, many drawn by its 19th-century architecture. It is home to the Bath Iron Works and Heritage Days Festival, held annually during the Fourth of July weekend. It is commonly known as the "City of Ships" due to the number of sailing ships that were built in the Bath shipyards. Bath is part of the Portland-South Portland-Biddeford metropolitan statistical area.
Lori Andrews
Lori B. Andrews is an American professor of law. She is on the faculty of Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago-Kent College of Law and serves as Director of IIT's Institute for Science, Law, and Technology. In 2002, she was a visiting professor at Princeton University. She received her B.A. summa cum laude from Yale College and her J.D. from Yale Law School. Andrews is a Fellow of the Hastings Center.

Illinois Institute of Technology
The Illinois Institute of Technology (Illinois Tech or IIT) is a private research university in Chicago, Illinois, United States. Tracing its history to 1890, the present name was adopted upon the merger of the Armour Institute and Lewis Institute in 1940. The university has programs in architecture, business, communications, design, engineering, industrial technology, information technology, law, psychology, and science. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".

The university's historic roots are in several 19th-century engineering and professional education institutions in the United States. In the mid 20th century, it became closely associated with trends in modernist architecture through the work of its Dean of Architecture Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, who designed its campus. The Institute of Design, Chicago-Kent College of Law, and Midwest College of Engineering were also merged into Illinois Tech.
Short-track speed skating at the 2022 Winter Olympics – Women's 3000 metre relay
The women's 3000 metre relay competition in short track speed skating at the 2022 Winter Olympics was held on 9 February (semifinals) and 13 February (finals), at the Capital Indoor Stadium in Beijing. The event was won by Suzanne Schulting, Selma Poutsma, Xandra Velzeboer, and Yara van Kerkhof, representing the Netherlands. They set a new Olympic record in Final A. It was the first time a European team won the event. South Korea won silver, and China bronze.

The defending champion were South Korea, with Italy and the Netherlands being second and third in 2018. The Netherlands were the 2021 World Short Track Speed Skating champion, France and Italy are the silver and bronze medalists, respectively. Many top athletes did not participate in the championship, however. The Netherlands were leading the 2021–22 ISU Short Track Speed Skating World Cup with four races completed before the Olympics, followed by South Korea and Canada.

Yara van Kerkhof
Yara Nina van Kerkhof (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈjaːraː vɑŋ ˈkɛr(ə)kɦɔf]; born 31 May 1990) is a Dutch short track speed skater. She won the silver medal in the 500 m event at the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea.
Ras Al Khor Industrial Area
Ras Al Khor Industrial Area (Arabic: رَأْس ٱلْخُوْر ٱلصَّنَاعِيَّة, romanized: Raʾs Al-Khūr Aṣ-Ṣanāʿiyyah) is a locality in Dubai, the United Arab Emirates. Literally meaning "Head of the Creek", Ras Al Khor is part of several industrial areas (such as Al Aweer) located in the suburban areas of Dubai.  The Ras Al Khor Industrial Area comprises three sub-localities:

Ras Al Khor Industrial Area 1

Ras Al Khor Industrial Area 2

Ras Al Khor Industrial Area 3

Dubai Metro
The Metro's Blue Line will be served by 2 stations in 2029

Ras Al Khor Industrial

Auto Market

Al Awir
Al Awir, also spelled Al Aweer (Arabic: العوير) is a town in the Emirate of Dubai, United Arab Emirates, located about 35 kilometers from the city center.  It has long been a centre of agriculture and camel breeding. Among many other Dubai families who have farms at Al Awir, Dubai's ruling Maktoum family maintains a farm in the area.

It is home to the Al Awir Fruit & Vegetable Market, as well as Al Awir Central Jail.

In 2018 the immigration centre at Al Awir was the location of a major 'amnesty centre', where people who had overstayed their UAE work visas could apply to leave the country with no fines or penalties.

Al Awir is adjacent to the Emirates Road (E611) and is bordered by Ras al Khor in Dubai and Lahbab to the East.
Stefan number
The Stefan number  (St or Ste) is defined as the ratio of sensible heat to latent heat. It is given by the formula

where

cp is the specific heat,
cp is the specific heat of solid phase in the freezing process while cp is the specific heat of liquid phase in the melting process.

∆T is the temperature difference between phases,

L is the latent heat of melting.

It is a dimensionless parameter that is useful in analyzing a Stefan problem. The parameter was developed from Josef Stefan's calculations of the rate of phase change of water into ice on the polar ice caps and coined by G.S.H. Lock in 1969. The problems origination is fully described by Vuik and further commentary on its place in Josef Stefan's larger career can be found in 
Same number exist for vapor to liquid phase change, Nombre de Jakob.

Freezing
Freezing is a phase transition in which a liquid turns into a solid when its temperature is lowered below its freezing point.

For most substances, the melting and freezing points are the same temperature; however, certain substances possess differing solid-liquid transition temperatures. For example, agar displays a hysteresis in its melting point and freezing point. It melts at 85 °C (185 °F) and solidifies from 32 to 40 °C (90 to 104 °F).
27th Annual Premios Gardel
The 27th Annual Premios Gardel honored the best recordings, compositions, and artists from 1 January to 31 December 2024, as chosen by the members of Argentine Chamber of Phonograms and Videograms Producers, on 28 May 2024, at the Teatro Coliseo in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The ceremony was hosted by Argentine journalist Gabriela Radice and was broadcast on the television channels TNT Latam and HBO Max.

Nominations were announced on 24 April 2025. Rapper Luck Ra led the nominations with nine, followed by Milo J and Bizarrap, both with eight each; Trueno and Airbag, each with seven, and Nicki Nicole with six. Ca7riel & Paco Amoroso were the most awarded artist of the ceremony with four awards, followed by Trueno and Lali with three wins each.

Nicki Nicole
Nicole Denise Cucco (born 25 August 2000), known professionally as Nicki Nicole (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈniki niˈkol]), is an Argentine rapper and singer-songwriter. Born and raised in Rosario, Santa Fe, she gained popularity with her singles "Wapo Traketero", "Colocao", "Mamichula", "Mala Vida", and "Marisola" (remix). At the 68th Annual Grammy Awards, she received her first Grammy nomination for Best Música Urbana Album for her 2024 album Naiki.
Valeria Spälty
Valeria Spälty (born 24 June 1983 in Glarus) is a Swiss curler.

Spälty started curling in 1992. She plays second for Mirjam Ott and is right-handed.
She won the silver medal at the Winter Olympic Games 2006 in Turin with Mirjam Ott, Binia Beeli, Manuela Kormann, and Michele Moser. She is the youngest Curling Olympic medal winner in the world.

Since 2007 Spälty and Mirjam Ott have been playing for the Curling Club Davos with two other players. With this team Spälty won the bronze medal in 2006 at the Europeans in Basel, SUI and finished in fourth place at the 2007 European Curling Championships. In March 2008 they won the bronze medal at the 2008 Vernon World Championships.

Spälty has played in 86 Games at Junior Worlds, Worlds, Europeans and Olympic Games.

She is studying Sport science, Psychology and Education at the University of Berne.

2008 World Women's Curling Championship
The 2008 World Women's Curling Championship (branded as 2008 Ford World Women's Curling Championship for sponsorship reasons) was held from March 22 to March 30, 2008 at the Wesbild Centre in Vernon, British Columbia, Canada.  This championship also served as one of the qualifiers for the 2010 Winter Olympics.
Center for Ethical Solutions
The Center for Ethical Solutions (CES), founded by Sigrid Fry-Revere, is a 501(c)(3) non-profit bioethics think tank based in Lovettsville, Virginia whose mission is to find practical solutions to controversial problems in the field of medical ethics. CES supports research and public education, seeking to achieve its goals through research and developing products including books and documentary films to educate the public. Lobbying and participation in political campaigns are specifically excluded from its activities.

Bioethics
Bioethics is both a field of study and professional practice, interested in ethical issues related to health (primarily focused on the human, but also increasingly includes animal ethics), including those emerging from advances in biology, medicine, and technologies. It proposes the discussion about moral discernment in society (what decisions are "good" or "bad" and why) and it is often related to medical policy and practice, but also to broader questions as environment, well-being and public health. Bioethics is concerned with the ethical questions that arise in the relationships among life sciences, biotechnology, medicine, politics, law, theology and philosophy. It includes the study of values relating to primary care, other branches of medicine ("the ethics of the ordinary"), ethical education in science, animal, and environmental ethics, and public health.