hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rajesh Kumar Singh (civil servant)
Rajesh Kumar Singh (born 24 November 1964) is a 1989-batch Indian Administrative Service (IAS) officer from the Kerala cadre. Singh was appointed the 40th Defence Secretary of India by the Appointments Committee of the Cabinet and has been serving in the position since 1 November 2024. He earlier served as Secretary, Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT), and also as Secretary of Animal Husbandry and Dairying.

In his career, Singh also served as Director of Works and Urban Transport in the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs. Other positions Singh has held include Commissioner (Lands) in the Delhi Development Authority, Joint Secretary in the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Joint Secretary in the Department of Agriculture, Cooperation & Farmers Welfare, and the Chief Vigilance Officer of the Food Corporation of India. In his early career in the Kerala government, Singh's posts included Urban Development Secretary and Finance Secretary.

Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas
The Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas (MoPNG) is a ministry of the Government of India responsible for the exploration, production, refining, distribution, marketing, import, export, and conservation of petroleum, natural gas, petroleum products, and liquefied natural gas in the country. The ministry is headed by Cabinet minister Hardeep Singh Puri, while its secretary is Pankaj Jain, a 1990-batch IAS officer of the Assam-Meghalaya cadre. Dharmendra Pradhan, who served from 26 May 2014 to 7 July 2021, is its longest serving minister till date.
Lake Alexander (Northern Territory)
Lake Alexander is a man-made lake named in honour of Alec Fong Lim who was Lord Mayor of Darwin from
1984 to 1990. The lake is located in Fannie Bay Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia and was officially opened on the 21 July 1991 for recreational use by the people of Darwin. The water in the lake is refreshed with pumps bringing water from the adjoining harbour through filters intended to prevent marine organisms from entering. This system has succeeded in keeping large predators such as saltwater crocodiles and bull sharks, and the deadly box jellyfish. However the lake has been closed to swimming twice, once due to a large Orange-spotted grouper and once due to an outbreak of a stinging species of Cassiopea jelly fish.

Box jellyfish
Box jellyfish (class Cubozoa) are cnidarian invertebrates distinguished by their box-like (i.e., cube-shaped) body. Some species of box jellyfish produce potent venom delivered by contact with their tentacles. Stings from some species, including Chironex fleckeri, Carukia barnesi, Malo kingi, and a few others, are extremely painful and often fatal to humans. Some species like the Carybdea murrayana produce a painful sting but are not fatal to humans.
Patrick Latham
James Patrick Thomas Latham (born 8 October 1975) is an English cricketer.  Latham is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium pace.  He was born in Hexham, Northumberland.

Latham made his debut for Cambridgeshire in the 1997 Minor Counties Championship against Bedfordshire.  Latham played Minor counties cricket for Cambridgeshire from 1997 to 2002, which included 23 Minor Counties Championship matches and 4 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches. In 1999, he made his only List A appearance against Kent in the NatWest Trophy.  In this match he scored 12 runs before being dismissed by Dean Headley.  With the ball he bowled 4 wicket-less overs.

Latham has previously represented the Durham Second XI and the Somerset Second XI in Second XI cricket. His father, Mike Latham, played first-class cricket for Somerset and List A cricket for Northumberland.

Hexham
Hexham (/ˈhɛksəm/ HEKS-əm) is a market town and civil parish in Northumberland, England, on the south bank of the River Tyne, formed by the confluence of the North Tyne and the South Tyne at Warden nearby, and close to Hadrian's Wall. Hexham was the administrative centre for the Tynedale district from 1974 to 2009. In 2011, it had a population of 13,097.

Smaller towns and villages around Hexham include Corbridge, Riding Mill, Stocksfield and Wylam to the east, Acomb and Bellingham to the north, Allendale to the south and Haydon Bridge, Bardon Mill and Haltwhistle to the west. Newcastle upon Tyne is 25 miles (40 km) to the east and Carlisle 37 miles (60 km) to the west.
Mike Stutzel
Mike Stutzel (born February 28, 1979) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player who played nine games in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Phoenix Coyotes in 2003–04.  He also played 13 games in Finland's SM-liiga for Tappara. Before turning pro, he played hockey at Northern Michigan University in Marquette, Michigan from 1999 - 2003 where he scored 27 regular season goals his senior year. Stutzel was born in Victoria, British Columbia.

Northern Michigan University
Northern Michigan University (Northern Michigan, Northern or NMU) is a public university in Marquette, Michigan, United States. It was established in 1899 by the Michigan Legislature as Northern State Normal School. In 1963, the state designated the school a university and gave it the current name. The university comprises five academic divisions, offering some 180 programs at the undergraduate and graduate levels. NMU's athletic teams are nicknamed the Wildcats and compete primarily in the NCAA Division II Great Lakes Intercollegiate Athletic Conference.
Islam in Montenegro
Islam in Montenegro refers to adherents, communities and religious institutions of Islam in Montenegro. It is the second largest religion in the country, after Christianity. According to the 2011 census, Montenegro's 118,477 Muslims make up 19.11% of the total population. Montenegro's Muslims belong mostly to the Sunni branch. In 2023, Montenegro's 124,668 Muslims made up 19.99% of the total population.

Skender Bey Crnojević
Staniša "Stanko" Crnojević (Serbian Cyrillic: Станиша “Станко“ Црнојевић; 1457–1528) was a member of the Crnojević noble family that held the Lordship of Zeta; Stanko was the heir to Ivan I Crnojević, who ruled from 1465 to 1490. In 1482 his father Ivan sent him and several of his close friends to the court of the Ottoman sultan Bayezid in order to guarantee his loyalty. Stanko converted to Islam and received the name Skender (Turkish for 'Alexander'), hence he is also known as Skender-bey Crnojević[A] (Serbian Cyrillic: Скендербег Црнојевић), and became the Ottoman sanjakbey of the Sanjak of Montenegro in 1514–1528. He is enumerated in Serbian and Montenegrin epic poetry, in which he is sometimes known as Maksim (Serbian Cyrillic: Максим).
Taconic Hills Central School District
The Taconic Hills Central School District is a rural school district in the upstate town of Craryville, New York, United States with about 1600 students. It serves all or part of the communities of Copake, Hillsdale, Philmont, Ancram, Austerlitz, Claverack, Gallatin, Ghent, Livingston, Mellenville, Northeast and Taghkanic in the southeastern part of Columbia County, New York, United States. The district covers nearly 250 sq mi (650 km2).

Austerlitz, New York
Austerlitz is a town in Columbia County, New York, United States. The population was 1,625 at the 2020 census. The town was named after the Battle of Austerlitz.

The town is in the eastern part of Columbia County.
Arihiro Fukuda
Arihiro Hoeber Fukuda (福田 有広, Fukuda Arihiro, January 19, 1963 – November 16, 2003) was a Japanese historian who was an associate professor at the University of Tokyo Faculty of Law and specialised in the history of Western political thought, particularly the republican ideas of James Harrington, Thomas Hobbes, David Hume, and Niccolò Machiavelli.

James Harrington (author)
James Harrington (or Harington; 3 January 1611 – 11 September 1677) was an English political theorist known for his contributions to classical republicanism thought. He is best known for his controversial publication The Commonwealth of Oceana (1656). This work was an exposition of an ideal constitution, a utopia, designed to facilitate the development of the English republic established after the 1649 execution of Charles I of England.
Jade Anderson
Jade Anderson is an English singer-songwriter, born in London as the youngest daughter of former Yes frontman Jon Anderson. After a childhood during which she met and performed with the famous musicians, she moved out at age 16 to live with friends and work on her own music.

In 2002, she released her debut and the best-known single, "Sugarhigh," which drew critical praise and became a minor chart hit in the United States, peaking within the top 40 of that country's dance chart and giving Anderson her first Hot 100 entry. It also gave Anderson a top 100 hit in the Netherlands. Later that year, she released her debut studio album, Dive Deeper, on Columbia Records, and toured to promote it.

Dutch Single Top 100
The Dutch Single Top 100 or Single Top 100 is a Dutch chart, based on official physical single sales, legal downloads and since July 2013 streaming and composed by Dutch Charts. It is one of the three official charts, the other two being the Dutch Top 40 and the Mega Top 30. The difference is that these charts also include airplay data.
The list is especially intended for the music industry and those who take an interest in charts. In Dutch TV programmes the Single Top 100 is often cited, although it has not been broadcast since December 2006.
2008–09 A1 Grand Prix of Nations, Netherlands
The 2008–09 A1 Grand Prix of Nations, Netherlands was an A1 Grand Prix race, held at Circuit Park Zandvoort, Zandvoort, Netherlands. It was originally set to be the second race of the 2008–09 A1 Grand Prix season, but a delay in the build schedule of the new chassis forced the race at Mugello to be moved from the season opener. The same build delay meant that only seventeen of the twenty-three A1 teams participated in the race.

This was the first race for  A1 Team Korea (Hwang Jin-Woo),  A1 Team Monaco (Clivio Piccione), and the new "Powered by Ferrari" A1GP car.

Earl Bamber
Earl Anderson Bamber (born 9 July 1990) is a New Zealand professional racing driver and racing team owner who currently competes in the IMSA SportsCar Championship and the FIA World Endurance Championship for Cadillac Hertz Team Jota and Cadillac Whelen. He is a factory driver for Corvette Racing, having previously driven in a factory capacity for Porsche.

Bamber is a two-time winner of the 24 Hours of Le Mans, having won in 2015 alongside Nico Hülkenberg and Nick Tandy and in 2017 with Timo Bernhard and Brendon Hartley. He also became overall champion of the 2017 FIA World Endurance Championship alongside the latter trio. Bamber also won the IMSA SportsCar Championship in the GTLM class in 2019, as well as the Nürburgring 24 Hours in 2023. Prior to his endurance racing career, he was champion of the 2014 Porsche Supercup and won the Porsche Carrera Cup Asia twice in 2013 and 2014.
History of Uri
Uri is a Swiss Talschaft and canton in the upper Reuss valley.

First mentioned in the 8th century, it gained strategic importance with the opening of the Gotthard Pass in the 13th century and was a founding member of the Old Swiss Confederacy in the late medieval period.

Leventina District
The Leventina District is one of the eight districts of the largely Italian-speaking canton of Ticino in Switzerland. The capital of the district is Faido but the largest town is Airolo on the southern flank of the Gotthard Pass.

Situated to the north of the canton, its territory covers the area of the river Ticino as far south as Biasca, in particular the Bedretto Valley and the Leventina Valley.

Leventina is divided into four sub-districts, termed 'circles' (Italian: circoli), and a total area of 479.57 km2 (185.16 sq mi) with a population of 8,827 (as of 31 December 2020). Its capital is the municipality (Italian: comune) of Faido. The valley became part of Switzerland on 5 March 1480, following the treaty of Lucerne with the Duchy of Milan.
Šamac
Šamac or SAMAC can refer to:

Šamac, Bosnia and Herzegovina, a town on the right bank of the river Sava, in Bosnia
FK Borac Šamac, an association football club

Slavonski Šamac, a town on the left bank of the river Sava, in Croatia

Saga Arashiyama Museum of Arts and Culture, a museum in Kyoto, Japan

FK Borac Šamac
FK Borac Šamac (Serbian Cyrillic: ФК Борац Шaмaц) is a professional football club from the town of Šamac, in northern Bosnia and Herzegovina. The club competes in the Second League of the Republika Srpska (Group West).
Field ration eating device
The field ration eating device (FRED) is an Australian eating utensil and multi-tool that serves as a combination of a can opener, bottle opener, and spoon. It was first issued around 1943 to the Australian Defence Force for use with its Combat Ration One Man field rations.  Initially just a can opener, more functions were added, and it could be sterilised.  The FRED was to be discontinued in about 2005, with ring-pull cans, boil-in-a-bag meals, and a spoon, meant to make the utensil redundant. As of 2016, it is still included in ration packs.

Its NATO Stock Number (NSN) is 7330-66-010-0931 and the item name is "opener, hand, can". It is also humorously referred to as the "fucking ridiculous eating device".

Bottle opener
A bottle opener or bottle cap opener is a device for removing metal bottle caps from glass bottles. More broadly, it could include corkscrews to remove cork or plastic stoppers from wine bottles.

A metal bottle cap is affixed to the rim of the neck of a bottle by being pleated or ruffled around the rim. A bottle opener is a specialized lever inserted beneath the pleated metalwork, which uses a point on the bottle cap as a fulcrum on which to pivot.
Tomi Fujiyama
Tomi Fujiyama (トミ藤山; January 10, 1941) is a Japanese country music singer-songwriter.

In 1952, at the age of twelve, she began singing country western despite not speaking English. She performed at U.S. military bases, eventually being signed with Columbia Records. By 1964 she had recorded five albums and twenty-one singles for the company. That year she was booked to play regularly at The Mint Las Vegas, and also performed for the first time at the Grand Ole Opry, receiving a standing ovation. In 1965, her song "Lonely Together" was the first song by a Japanese singer to reach the American country music charts. Shortly after, she returned to Japan, where she has continued to perform.

Fujiyama was the subject of the 2015 documentary film Made In Japan.

The Mint Las Vegas
The Mint Las Vegas was a hotel and casino in downtown Las Vegas, Nevada.

The Mint was the sponsor of the Mint 400, the largest off-road race from the mid-1960s to the mid-1980s.

The Mint was the first night's stay in Hunter S. Thompson and Oscar Acosta's legendary 1971 weekend trip to Las Vegas, immortalized in Thompson's novel Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas.
Daisy Tahan
Daisy Tahan (born March 25, 2001) is an American actress best known for her role as Samantha Focker in Little Fockers. Tahan also originated the role of Fiona Peyton in the Showtime series Nurse Jackie. Daisy, the younger sister of actor Charlie Tahan, lives in Glen Rock, New Jersey.

Little Fockers
Little Fockers (known as Meet the Parents: Little Fockers in some markets) is a 2010 American romantic comedy film directed by Paul Weitz. It is the third in the Fockers film series. Robert De Niro, Ben Stiller, Owen Wilson, Blythe Danner, Teri Polo, Dustin Hoffman and Barbra Streisand reprise their roles from previous films, with Jessica Alba, Laura Dern and Harvey Keitel joining the cast.

After the commercial success of the first two films, De Niro and Stiller each received a remuneration of $20 million for their roles in Little Fockers, which had a $100 million production budget.

Little Fockers was released in the United States on December 22, 2010 by Universal Pictures and grossed $311 million on a $100 million budget. It received negative reviews from critics.

A further sequel, Focker In-Law, is scheduled to be released in 2026.
Museum of Tyrolean Farms
The Museum of Tyrolean Farms (German: Museum Tiroler Bauernhöfe) is an open-air museum in Kramsach, Austria. As at 2009 the museum had around 30 historic farmsteads and other historic rural buildings as well as their associated barns, sheds, alms and storehouses.

Kramsach
Kramsach is a municipality in the Kufstein district in the Austrian state of Tyrol located 27 km southwest of Kufstein and 16.5 km west of Wörgl, at the northern side of the Inn River. Its main sources of income are the marble, timber and glass industries, as well as summer tourism. Kramsach is also known as the "Lake village of Tyrol" because there are six lakes nearby.
John Roche (detective)
John Roche (11 June 1905 – 4 January 1940) was a Garda Síochána Detective who was assassinated in 1940 during the Irish Emergency, becoming the first and most highly publicised Garda casualty of the period and resulting in widespread opposition to the Anti-Treaty IRA.

The Emergency (Ireland)
The Emergency (Irish: Ré na Práinne / An Éigeandáil) was a state of emergency in the independent state of Ireland in the Second World War, throughout which the state remained neutral. It was proclaimed by Dáil Éireann on 2 September 1939, allowing the passage of the Emergency Powers Act 1939 by the Oireachtas the following day. This gave sweeping powers to the government, including internment, censorship of the press and correspondence, and control of the economy. The Emergency Powers Act lapsed on 2 September 1946, although the Emergency was not formally ended until 1976.
Electoral district of East Melville
East Melville was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Western Australia from 1962 to 1989.

The district was based in the inner southern suburbs of Perth. It was a safe Liberal Party seat.

Electoral districts of Western Australia
The Western Australian Legislative Assembly is elected from 59 single-member electoral districts. These districts are often referred to as electorates or seats.

The Electoral Distribution Act 1947 requires regular review of electoral boundaries, in order to keep the relative size of electorates within certain limits.  Electoral boundaries are determined by the Western Australian Electoral Commission. Electoral districts are subdivisions of electoral regions for the Legislative Council and have approximately an equal number of electors. The last electoral redistribution was completed in December 2023 and was first applied in the 2025 Western Australia election.
Jewel Peterson
Jewel Renee Peterson  (born September 10, 1981) is an American former professional tennis player.

Peterson, born and raised in College Park, Georgia, played collegiate tennis at the University of Southern California (USC). While at USC she was a four-time All-American and an NCAA semi-finalist as a senior in 2003.

A right-handed player, Peterson reached a career high singles ranking of 214 in the world and qualified for the main draw of the 2005 Miami Open. She featured in both doubles main draws at the 2004 US Open, partnering Alexandra Mueller in the women's and Phillip Simmonds in the mixed event.

Peterson was a childhood coach of Coco Gauff in Atlanta.

2004 US Open (tennis)
The 2004 US Open was held between August 30, 2004 – September 12, 2004.

Both Andy Roddick and Justine Henin-Hardenne were unsuccessful in their title defenses, Roddick losing in the quarter-finals to Joachim Johansson and Henin-Hardenne falling in the fourth round to Nadia Petrova. On the men's side, Roger Federer won his first US Open, defeating rival and 2001 champion Lleyton Hewitt in a lopsided final. Svetlana Kuznetsova won the women's title defeating Elena Dementieva in the final.
Sandfields West
Sandfields West (Welsh: Gorllewin Traethmelyn) is an electoral ward and a community of Neath Port Talbot county borough, Wales.    It is part of the Senedd constituency of Aberavon and the UK constituency of Aberafan Maesteg. The ward elects three county councillors to Neath Port Talbot County Borough Council.

Aberavon (Senedd constituency)
Aberavon (Welsh: Aberafan) is a constituency of the Senedd. It elects one Member of the Senedd by the first past the post method of election. Also, however, it is one of seven constituencies in the South Wales West electoral region, which elects four additional members, in addition to seven constituency members, to produce a degree of proportional representation for the region as a whole.
Francis Woodward (Australian politician)
Francis Woodward (22 June 1846 – 14 September 1905) was an Australian politician.

He was born in Goulburn to storekeeper James Woodward and his wife Christina. A solicitor who practised in Wollongong, he married Emily Mary Ann Allen on 9 March 1871; they had eight children. In 1887 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as the Free Trade member for Illawarra. He was re-elected in 1889 but did not contest the 1891 election. Woodward died at Newtown in 1905.

Goulburn
Goulburn (/ɡoʊlbərn/ GOHL-bərn) is a regional city in the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia, approximately 195 kilometres (121 mi) south-west of Sydney and 90 kilometres (56 mi) north-east of Canberra. It was proclaimed as Australia's first inland city through letters patent by Queen Victoria in 1863. Goulburn had a population of 24,565 as of the 2021 census. Goulburn is the seat of Goulburn Mulwaree Council.

Goulburn is a railhead on the Main Southern line, and regional health & government services centre, supporting the surrounding pastoral industry as well as being a stopover for travellers on the Hume Highway. It has a central historic park and many historic and listed buildings. It is also home to the monument the Big Merino, a sculpture that is the world's largest concrete sheep.
MMX (instruction set)
MMX is a single instruction, multiple data (SIMD) instruction set architecture extension* designed by Intel, introduced on January 8, 1997 with its Pentium P5 (microarchitecture) based line of microprocessors, named "Pentium with MMX Technology". It developed out of a similar unit introduced on the Intel i860, and earlier the Intel i750 video pixel processor. MMX is a processor supplementary capability  that is supported on IA-32 processors by Intel and other vendors as of 1997. AMD also added MMX instruction set in its K6 processor.

The New York Times described the initial push, including Super Bowl advertisements, as focused on "a new generation of glitzy multimedia products, including videophones and 3-D video games."

MMX has subsequently been extended by several programs by Intel and others: 3DNow!, Streaming SIMD Extensions (SSE), and ongoing revisions of Advanced Vector Extensions (AVX).

Intel i750
The Intel i750 is a two-chip graphics processing unit composed of the 82750PB pixel processor and 82750DB display processor. The i750 chip was used in video capture/compression cards such as the Intel Smart Video Recorder and Creative Labs Video Blaster RT300. These cards were needed to allow Video for Windows to record footage from a video camera.

Although Intel had made earlier chips targeting graphics (e.g., 82786 graphics coprocessor), this could be considered as Intel's first attempt to break into the video controller marketplace. The effort was a failure and led to Intel leaving the market for some time. The Indeo video compressor was originally built to work with the i750, but was later ported to other systems as well.