hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Health in Austria
Legislation on public health issues in Austria is fragmented and in some cases outdated and patchy according to the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies.

There is an Austrian Public Health Association (Österreichische Gesellschaft für Public Health).

A new measure of expected human capital calculated for 195 countries from 1990 to 2016 and defined for each birth cohort as the expected years lived from age 20 to 64 years and adjusted for educational attainment, learning or education quality, and functional health status was published by The Lancet in September 2018. Austria had the nineteenth highest level of expected human capital with 24 health, education, and learning-adjusted expected years lived between age 20 and 64 years.

The Lancet
The Lancet is a weekly peer-reviewed general medical journal, founded in England in 1823. It is one of the world's highest-impact academic journals and also one of the oldest medical journals still in publication.

The journal publishes original research articles, review articles (divided into seminars and reviews), editorials, book reviews, correspondence, as well as news features and case reports. The Lancet has been owned by Elsevier since 1991, and its editor-in-chief since 1995 has been Richard Horton. The journal has editorial offices in London, New York City, and Beijing.
Armstrong Whitworth A.W.23
The Armstrong Whitworth A.W.23 was a prototype bomber/transport aircraft produced to specification C.26/31 for the British Air Ministry by Armstrong Whitworth Aircraft. While it was not selected to meet this specification, it did form the basis of the later Armstrong Whitworth Whitley aircraft.

Air Ministry
The Air Ministry was a department of the Government of the United Kingdom with the responsibility of managing the affairs of the Royal Air Force and civil aviation that existed from 1918 to 1964.  It was under the political authority of the Secretary of State for Air.
Volunteer Lawyers for the Arts
Volunteer Lawyers for the Arts (VLA) is both a generic term for legal service organizations located throughout the United States and the proper name of the organization in New York City. Founded in 1969, that organization is the oldest VLA in the country.

Trademark distinctiveness
Trademark distinctiveness is an important concept in the law governing trademarks and service marks. A trademark may be eligible for registration, or registrable, if it performs the essential trademark function, and has distinctive character. Registrability can be understood as a continuum, with "inherently distinctive" marks at one end, "generic" and "descriptive" marks with no distinctive character at the other end, and "suggestive" and "arbitrary" marks lying between these two points. "Descriptive" marks must acquire distinctiveness through secondary meaning—consumers have come to recognize the mark as a source indicator—to be protectable. "Generic" terms are used to refer to the product or service itself and cannot be used as trademarks.
Alex & the List
Alex & The List is a 2018 American romantic comedy film, directed by Harris Goldberg, from a screenplay by Goldberg and Kristen D'Alessio. It stars Jennifer Morrison, Patrick Fugit, and Karen Gillan.

The film was released on May 4, 2018, by Gravitas Ventures.

Gravitas Ventures
Gravitas Ventures is an American film distribution company owned by Shout! Studios. The company was founded by Nolan Gallagher in Los Angeles in 2006, and moved its headquarters from Los Angeles to Cleveland in 2019. It focuses on the distribution of independent feature films and documentaries.

Home media releases of its films are handled as a distribution partner by Studio Distribution Services, a joint-venture between Universal Pictures and Warner Bros. Home Entertainment.
Papuan boobook
The Papuan boobook (Ninox theomacha), jungle boobook or jungle hawk owl, is a medium-sized, dark-colored owl. It has a dark gray-brown facial disk with lighter colored eyebrows, sooty or chocolate underparts, and mainly dark gray wings.

It lives mainly in lowland forests, montane forests, and submontane forests, mainly on the forests' edges. It is native to New Guinea.

Owl
Owls are birds from the order Strigiformes (/ˈstrɪdʒəfɔːrmiːz/), which includes over 200 species of mostly solitary and nocturnal birds of prey typified by an upright stance, a large, broad head, binocular vision, binaural hearing, sharp talons, and feathers adapted for silent flight. Exceptions include the diurnal northern hawk-owl and the gregarious burrowing owl.

Owls are divided into two families: the true (or typical) owl family, Strigidae, and the barn owl and bay owl family, Tytonidae. Owls hunt mostly small mammals, insects, and other birds, although a few species specialize in hunting fish. They are found in all regions of the Earth except the polar ice caps and some remote islands.

A group of owls is called a "parliament".
Erumeli Parameswaran Pillai
Erumeli Parameswaran Pillai (12 December 1932 – 7 February 2014) was a Malayalam-language writer, teacher, scholar, and literary critic from Kerala, India. He wrote over forty books, including five novels, four collections of stories, 11 scholarly works, and a few one-act plays and children's literature. He is also known for the work Malayala Sahityam Kalaghattangaliloode, a comprehensive history of Malayalam literature. He received the Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Overall Contributions in 2009.

Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award
Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award is given each year, since 1958, by the Kerala Sahitya Akademi (Kerala Literary Academy), to Malayalam writers for their outstanding books of literary merit. The awards are given in various categories. The Kerala Sahitya Akademi Fellowship is also awarded to induct Malayalam writers as distinguished members of the Akademi.
Illas (parish)
Illas (variant: San Julián) is one of three parishes (administrative divisions) in Illas, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, by northern Spain's Picos de Europa mountains.

Parish (administrative division)
A parish is an administrative division used by several countries. To distinguish it from an ecclesiastical parish, the term civil parish is used in some jurisdictions, as noted below.

The table below lists countries which use this administrative division:
Hijab Imtiaz Ali
Hijab Imtiaz Ali (1908–1999) was a Pakistani writer, editor and diarist. She is a well known name in Urdu literature and a pioneer of romanticism in Urdu. She is also considered as the first female Muslim pilot after she obtained her official pilot license in 1936, although Zuleykha Seyidmammadova from Soviet Azerbaijan had qualified as a pilot two years earlier, in 1934.

Urdu literature
Urdu literature (Urdu: ادبیاتِ اُردُو, “Adbiyāt-i Urdū”) comprises the literary works, written in the Urdu language. While it tends to be dominated by poetry, especially the verse forms of the ghazal (غزل) and nazm (نظم), it has expanded into other styles of writing, including the short story, or afsana (افسانہ). Urdu literature is popular mostly in Pakistan, where Urdu is the national language, and in India, where it is an Eighth Schedule language.
1913–14 National Challenge Cup
The 1913–14 National Challenge Cup was the inaugural edition of the national knock-out soccer competition in the United States that would eventually become the modern-day Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup. Brooklyn Field Club won the title.

The competition ran alongside the 1914 American Cup, an older, similar competition organized by the American Football Association (AFA). At the time, two different organizations vied for recognition as the official national association for American soccer, the predominantly north-eastern AFA and the organizers of the Challenge Cup, the newly named United States Football Association. The organizers of the National Challenge Cup prevailed, and the 1913-14 competition is thus recognized as that years national cup tournament, and the inaugural edition of what is now the U.S. Open Cup.

The second round drawing took place on November 9, 1913.

American Football Association (1884–1924)
The American Football Association (AFA) was the first attempt in the United States to form an organizing soccer body.

It was the second oldest sports league to form, behind the National League of baseball in 1876, as well as being the oldest soccer organization in the United States.
Mary Cappello
Mary Cappello is a writer and professor of English and Creative Writing at the University of Rhode Island. She is the author of five books of literary nonfiction, and her essays and experimental prose have been published in The Georgia Review, Salmagundi and Cabinet Magazine. Her work has been featured in The New York Times, Salon, The Huffington Post, in guest author blogs for Powell's Books, and on six separate occasions as Notable Essay of the Year in Best American Essays. A 2011 Guggenheim Fellow in Creative Arts/Nonfiction, she recently received a 2015 Berlin Prize from The American Academy in Berlin, a fellowship awarded to scholars, writers, composers, and artists who represent the highest standards of excellence in their fields.

Powell's Books
Powell's Books is a chain of bookstores, based in Portland, Oregon. Their flagship store, dubbed Powell's City of Books, claims to be the largest independent new and used bookstore in the world.

In addition to Powell's City of Books, Powell's operates three other Portland area stores, as well as a satellite store in the town of Condon.
Lick Log Creek (Missouri)
Lick Log Creek is a stream in Bollinger and Wayne counties in the U.S. state of Missouri.

The headwaters are located in eastern Wayne County at 37°07′31″N 90°13′37″W﻿ / ﻿37.12528°N 90.22694°W﻿ / 37.12528; -90.22694 and the confluence with the Castor River is in Bollinger County at 37°09′26″N 90°10′59″W﻿ / ﻿37.15722°N 90.18306°W﻿ / 37.15722; -90.18306.

The stream source area is in extreme eastern Wayne County east of Lowndes. The stream flows to the northeast passing under Missouri Route E just west of Gipsy to its confluence with the Castor River just north of Gipsy.

Lick Log Creek was named for a salty log at a mineral lick which attracted deer.

Mineral lick
A mineral lick (also known as a salt lick) is a place where animals can go to lick essential mineral nutrients from a deposit of salts and other minerals. Mineral licks  can be naturally occurring or artificial (such as blocks of salt that farmers place in pastures for livestock to lick). Natural licks are common, and they provide essential elements such as phosphorus and the biometals (sodium, calcium, iron, zinc, and trace elements) required for bone, muscle and other growth in herbivorous mammals such as deer, moose, elephants, hippos, rhinos, giraffes, zebras, wildebeests, tapirs, woodchucks, fox squirrels, mountain goats, porcupines, and frugivorous bats. Such licks are especially important in ecosystems such as tropical rainforests and grasslands with poor general availability of nutrients. Harsh weather exposes salty mineral deposits that draw animals from miles away for a taste of needed nutrients. It is thought that certain fauna can detect calcium in salt licks.
Mitch Chetkovich
Mitchell Chetkovich (July 21, 1917 – August 24, 1971) was a Major League Baseball pitcher. Chetkovich played for the Philadelphia Phillies in 1945. In 4 career games, he had a 0–0 record, with no runs, in 3 innings. He batted and threw right-handed.

Chetkovich was born in Fairpoint, Ohio and died in Grass Valley, California.

Grass Valley, California
Grass Valley is a city in Nevada County, California, United States.  As of the 2020 United States census, its population was 14,016.  Situated at roughly 2,500 feet (760 m) in elevation in the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada mountain range, this northern Gold Country city is 57 miles (92 km) by car from Sacramento and  88 miles (142 km) west of Reno.
Ghoryakhel
The Ghoryakhel (Pashto: غورياخېل) is a Pashtun sub-tribe.

Ghoryakhel consists of tribes led by the son of Kand, son of Kharshbun, son of Sarban, and son of Qais Abdur Rashid, who lived in Ghwara Marghay Arghistan Qandahar, mostly in Ghazni, Nangarhar, Logar, Ghor, Kabul, Kunar, Paktia, Kunduz, Zabul, and Herat.

Sarbani
The Saṛbanī (Pashto: سړبني) or Sarban Confederacy are a tribal group of Pashtuns. They are situated in Pakistan and Afghanistan. The Sarbani include many Pashtun tribes, including Yusufzai, Mandanr, Utmanzai,  Sherani, Tareen, Loni, Durrani (Abdali), Khalil, Kheshgi, Kasi which includes Mohmand and Shinwari, Daudzai, Muhammadzai, Chamkani and Tarkalani. According to the Pashtun legend of origins, the members of the Sarbani group all descend from Sarban, said to be the first son of the legendary founding father of the Pashtun people, Qais Abdur Rashid.
Shershabadia
Shershabadia, also known as Badia, are a Bengali Muslim community found in the states of West Bengal, Bihar and Jharkhand in India. They belong to Bengali Shaikh community and also form a significant part of the Shaikhs of West Bengal and Bihar. Common surnames used by the community include Shekh, Sekh, Haque, Islam, and Mondal. Most of them are Sunni Muslims who associate with the Ahl-i Hadith movement.

These people mostly live in chars and dubas (lower land) along Gangetic river lines from Katihar district of Bihar on the north bank and Sahibganj District of Jharkhand on the south bank to Murshidabad district of West Bengal on the South bank and Malda district of West Bengal on the north bank.

North Central Bengali dialects
North Central Bengali or Varendrī Bengali (বরেন্দ্রী বাংলা) is a cluster of Bengali dialects and their varieties, spoken in the Varendra region (primarily consisting of the Rajshahi Division, parts of the Gaibandha and Dinajpur districts in Bangladesh and the Malda division in India). Varendri dialect was classified by many renowned Indian linguists like Suniti Kumar Chatterji, Sukumar Sen and others. It is also spoken in adjoining villages in neighbouring Bihar and Jharkhand. Varendri dialect has some influences of neighbouring dialects of Maithili and other Bihari languages.
Eric Saindon
Eric Saindon (born December 5, 1970) is an American visual effects supervisor for movies, including Avatar: The Way of Water, The Green Knight, Pete's Dragon, The Hobbit trilogy (2012–2014), Avatar, Alita: Battle Angel, Night at the Museum, X-Men: The Last Stand and worked on others such as, King Kong, I, Robot, The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King, The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers, The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring. Over 10 Academy Awards have been given to movies he has been a part of, with 3 Oscar and BAFTA nominations himself. He lives in Wellington, New Zealand.

Pete's Dragon (2016 film)
Pete's Dragon is a 2016 American fantasy adventure film directed by David Lowery, written by Lowery and Toby Halbrooks, and produced by James Whitaker. The film is a remake of Disney's 1977 film of the same name, although the 2016 film is not a musical. The film stars Bryce Dallas Howard, Oakes Fegley, Wes Bentley, Karl Urban, Oona Laurence, and Robert Redford. The film tells the story of an orphaned feral boy who befriends a dragon in the Pacific Northwest, and the ensuing repercussions of their discovery by the town's residents.

Pete's Dragon premiered at the El Capitan Theatre on August 8, 2016, and was theatrically released in the United States on August 12, 2016, by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. The film received positive reviews from critics, and grossed $143.7 million worldwide against a $65 million production budget.
Gladysvale Cave
Gladysvale Cave is a fossil-bearing breccia filled cave located about 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) northeast of the well-known South African hominid-bearing sites of Sterkfontein and Swartkrans and about 45 kilometres (28 mi) north-northwest of Johannesburg, South Africa. It is situated within the Cradle of Humankind World Heritage Site and is itself a South African National Heritage Site.

Breccia
Breccia (/ˈbrɛ(t)ʃiə/ BRETCH-ee-ə, BRESH-; Italian: [ˈbrettʃa]; Italian for 'breach') is a clastic rock composed of large angular broken fragments of minerals or rocks cemented together by a fine-grained matrix.

The word has its origins in the Italian language, in which it means 'rubble'. A breccia may have a variety of different origins, as indicated by the named types including sedimentary breccia, fault or tectonic breccia, igneous breccia, impact breccia, and hydrothermal breccia.

A megabreccia is a breccia composed of very large rock fragments, sometimes kilometers across, which can be formed by landslides, impact events, or caldera collapse.
Leif Øgaard
Leif Øgaard (born 5 January 1952) is a Norwegian chess player. He is the ninth Norwegian to achieve the title of Grandmaster. Øgaard won the Norwegian Chess Championship five times, in 1974, 1975, 1979, 1985 and 1993. He gained his IM title in 1974. In 1981 and 1982, Øgaard won two tournaments at Gausdal, each netting him a GM-norm. His third and final GM-norm was won in the Norwegian team chess championship in 2006–2007, making him the first person to score 2 GM norms with a 25-year gap in-between as well as one of the oldest players to be awarded the Grandmaster title, since his last norm came when he was already in the mid 50's. The GM title was finally approved at FIDE's presidential board meeting in Tallinn on 22–24 June 2007. Øgaard is a member of the Oslo chess club Oslo Schackselskap.

Gausdal Municipality
Gausdal is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Gudbrandsdal. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Segalstad bru. Other villages in Gausdal include Follebu, Forset, and Svingvoll.

The 1,191-square-kilometre (460 sq mi) municipality is the 91st largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Gausdal Municipality is the 156th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 6,174. The municipality's population density is 5.2 inhabitants per square kilometre (13/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 1% over the previous 10-year period.

Logging, farming, and tourism are important industries in the municipality.
Yangelʹ
Yangelʹ is a small lunar impact crater that is located in the irregular terrain to the north of the Mare Vaporum. Its diameter is 8 km. It was named after Soviet rocketry scientist Mikhail Kuzmich Yangelʹ in 1973. This crater was formerly designated Manilius F.

It is a relatively solitary crater formation, and the nearest larger craters lie more than 100 kilometers distant. To the southeast of Yangelʹ is the prominent crater Manilius. Conon is located to the northwest, near the flanks of the Montes Apenninus range.

Just to the north of Yangelʹ is the small lunar mare named Lacus Felicitatis, or Lake of Happiness. To the northeast, forming a bay on the Mare Vaporum, is Sinus Fidei. A sinuous rille named Rima Conon runs along the middle of this feature, reaching the northern end.

This is a circular, bowl-shaped crater with a narrow outer rim. The interior floor has a relatively low albedo that matches the dark hue of the mare to the south.

Rille
Rille /ˈrɪl/ (German for 'groove') is typically used to describe any of the long, narrow depressions in the surface of the Moon that resemble channels. The Latin term is rima, plural rimae. Typically, a rille can be several kilometers wide and hundreds of kilometers in length. However, the term has also been used loosely to describe similar structures on a number of planets in the Solar System, including Mars, Venus, and on a number of moons. All bear a structural resemblance to each other.
Hammond Witherley
Hammond Witherley (1655 – 7 October 1717) was an English choral singer.

The son of Sir Thomas Witherley MD of the City of London, the young Witherley was educated at Holt School in Norfolk and Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, where he graduated BA in 1774.

On 23 January 1690, at St Augustine the Less, Bristol, Witherley married Elizabeth Throckmorton.

A singer at the Chapel Royal, a report of his funeral on 9 October 1717 notes that he was carried from his house in Queen Square, Westminster, and "interred in great state" in Westminster Abbey, with Dr Atterbury, Bishop of Rochester and Dean of Westminster, leading the funeral service.

Witherley and his wife had no children. She survived him until February 1732. Dying at the age of eighty, she left land in Gloucestershire to a niece.

St Augustine the Less Church, Bristol
St Augustine the Less was a Church of England parish church in Bristol, England, first attested in 1240, rebuilt in 1480, damaged in 1940 by fire, and demolished in 1962. It took its name from its proximity to the church of the Abbey of St Augustine (St Augustine the Great), which is now Bristol Cathedral.

The parish was united with that of St George's Church, Brandon Hill, after the Second World War. After demolition the site remained vacant until the early 1980s, when an archaeological investigation was undertaken before an extension to the Royal Hotel was built over it; over 100 burial vaults were discovered below the former church's floor, together with coins of various periods; the finds were deposited in the Bristol City Museum and Art Gallery.
Yakovlevsky District
Yakovlevsky District is the name of several administrative and municipal districts in Russia:

Yakovlevsky District, Belgorod Oblast, an administrative and municipal district of Belgorod Oblast

Yakovlevsky District, Primorsky Krai, an administrative and municipal district of Primorsky Krai

Yakovlevsky District, Belgorod Oblast
Yakovlevsky District (Russian: Я́ковлевский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Belgorod Oblast, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Yakovlevsky Municipal District. It is located in the west of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,089 square kilometers (420 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Stroitel. Population: 57,774 (2010 Census); 51,409 (2002 Census); 43,704 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Stroitel accounts for 41.4% of the district's total population.
Star Black
Star Black is a poet, photographer, and artist. She has authored seven collections of poetry and taught in the MFA program at Stony Brook Southampton and at The New School.

She was published in The Paris Review, and has written three books of sonnets, a collection of double sestinas, and a book of collaged free verse. Her poems have been anthologized in The Penguin Book of the Sonnet, 110 Stories: New York Writers After September 11, and The Best American Erotic Poems: From 1880 to The Present. Her collages have been exhibited at Poets House and The Center for Book Arts, and published in One of a Kind: UniqueArtists Books by Pierre Menard Gallery.

Sonnet
A sonnet is a fixed poetic form with a structure traditionally consisting of fourteen lines adhering to a set rhyming scheme. The term derives from the Italian word sonetto (lit. 'little song', from the Latin word sonus, lit. 'sound'). Originating in 13th-century Sicily, the sonnet was in time taken up in many European-language areas, mainly to express romantic love at first, although eventually any subject was considered acceptable. Many formal variations were also introduced, including abandonment of the quatorzain limit – and even of rhyme altogether in modern times.