hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Myosotis × cinerascens
Myosotis × cinerascens is a hybrid species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Donald Petrie described M. cinerascens in 1891, and it was later deemed to be a hybrid in 2021. Plants of this forget-me-not are perennial rosettes which form tufts or clumps, with ebracteate, erect inflorescences, and white corollas with partly exserted stamens.

Donald Petrie (botanist)
Donald Petrie (7 September 1846 – 1 September 1925) was a Scottish botanist noted for his work in New Zealand.

Petrie was born in the parish of Edinkillie, Moray, on  7 September 1846 and educated at Aberdeen Grammar School and the University of Aberdeen.

He taught at the Glasgow Free Church Training College, the Glasgow Academy and Scotch College in Melbourne, Australia, before being appointed inspector of schools with the provincial government in Otago, New Zealand, in October 1873.

An active member of the Otago Institute, Petrie was elected a fellow of the Linnean Society of London (1886) and served as president of the Auckland Institute (1896). He was one of the 20 original fellows of the New Zealand Institute in 1911 and held several positions there, including council member, member of the board of governors, and president in 1915.

He died in 1925.
Quién Sabe Valley
Quien Sabe Valley, originally known as Cañada de Quién Sabe, is a valley in the Diablo Range in San Benito County, California. It runs from its mouth, at an elevation of 1,572 feet (479 meters), to its head at 36°53′46″N 121°12′44″W﻿ / ﻿36.89611°N 121.21222°W﻿ / 36.89611; -121.21222 at an elevation of 1,800 feet (550 meters).   The valley is drained by Quién Sabe Creek, ultimately a tributary to the Pajaro River to the northwest.

San Benito County, California
San Benito County (/ˌsæn bəˈniːtoʊ/ ⓘ; San Benito, Spanish for "St. Benedict"), officially the County of San Benito, is a county located in the Central Coast region of California. Situated in the California Coast Ranges, the county had a population of 64,209, as of the 2020 United States census. The county seat is the city of Hollister.

San Benito County is included in the San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA Combined Statistical Area. El Camino Real passes through the county and includes one mission in San Juan Bautista.
Marker (ski bindings)
Marker International is a German manufacturing company of equipment for winter sports established in 1952 and headquartered in Straubing, Lower Bavaria. Founded by Hannes Marker, the company is known for pioneering releasable binding technology. Marker's first model, the Duplex was followed in 1953 by the Simplex toe binding which was a huge success in the 1950s. New models introduced in the 1980s were major competitors on the alpine racing circuit.

Marker remained independent until the 1980s, since then the company ownership switched hands several times until becoming part of the K2 Sports group, which in turn was purchased by Jarden in 2007. After Jarden merged with Newell Brands, the corporate group sold Marker and other winter brands to equity firm Kohlberg & Co. in 2017.

Current range of products by Marker include ski bindings, ski helmets, goggles, sportswear and accessories.

Goggles
Goggles, or safety glasses, are forms of protective eyewear that usually enclose or protect the area surrounding the eye in order to prevent particulates, water or chemicals from striking the eyes. They are used in chemistry laboratories and in woodworking. They are often used in snow sports as well, and in the sport of swimming. Goggles are often worn when using power tools such as drills or chainsaws to prevent flying particles from damaging the eyes. Many types of goggles are available as prescription goggles for those with vision problems.
Kris Kany
Kris Kany is a former American rugby union player. She was a member of the United States squad that won the inaugural 1991 Women's Rugby World Cup in Wales. She also featured at the 1994 Rugby World Cup in Scotland.

Kany and the 1991 World Cup squad were inducted into the United States Rugby Hall of Fame in 2017.

United States women's national rugby union team
The USA Women's national rugby union team, nicknamed the Women's Eagles, represents the United States in women's international rugby union. The team was officially formed in 1987 and is nicknamed the Eagles.

An international powerhouse during the 1990s— the Eagles won the inaugural 1991 Women's World Cup and finished second in the two following World Cups in 1994 and 1998. The team finished fourth at the 2017 Rugby World Cup in Ireland.

In May 2018, Rob Cain was appointed full-time Head Coach. Cain joined the Eagles after winning the inaugural Tyrell Premier 15s title in England with Saracens Women.
Sonpur, Nepal
Sonpur is a town and Village Development Committee in Dang Deokhuri District in Lumbini Province of south-western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 8,650 persons living in 1129 individual households.

Since September 2015 Sonpur has been part of Lamahi Municipality.

Lumbini Province
Lumbini Province (Nepali: लुम्बिनी प्रदेश, romanized: Lumbinī pradēśa, IPA: [lumbiniː]) is a province in western Nepal. The country's third largest province in terms of area as well as population, Lumbini is home to the World Heritage Site of Lumbini, where according to Buddhist tradition Gautama Buddha, the founder of Buddhism, was born.

Lumbini borders Gandaki Province and Karnali Province to the north, Sudurpashchim Province to the west, and Uttar Pradesh and Bihar of India to the south. Lumbini's capital, Deukhuri, is near the geographic center of the province. The major cities in the province are Butwal and Siddharthanagar in Rupandehi district, Nepalgunj in Banke district, Tansen in Palpa district, and Ghorahi and Tulsipur in Dang district.
Missiria executions
The Missiria executions (Greek: Εκτελέσεις στα Μισίρια), also referred to as Perivolia executions (Greek: Εκτελέσεις στα Περιβόλια), was the mass execution by firing squad of Greek civilians on the beach of Missiria in Rethymno, Crete, Greece by German paratroopers on 23 and 24 May 1941 during World War II. The executions were ordered by Major Erich Schulz, acting commander of the 2nd Parachute Regiment, as collective punishment for the active participation of locals from the villages of Perivolia and Missiria in the Battle of Rethymno.

Fallschirmjäger
The Fallschirmjäger (German: [ˈfalʃɪʁmˌjɛːɡɐ] ⓘ) were the airborne forces branch of the Luftwaffe before and during World War II. They were the first paratroopers to be committed in large-scale airborne operations. They were commanded by Kurt Student, the Luftwaffe's second-in-command.
Economies of density
In microeconomics, economies of density are cost savings resulting from spatial proximity of suppliers or providers. Typically higher population densities allow synergies in service provision leading to lower unit costs. If large economies of density exist there is an incentive for firms to concentrate and agglomerate.

Typical examples are found in logistic systems where the distribution or collection of goods is needed, such as solid waste management. Delivering, for instance, mail in an area with many postboxes results in overall cost savings and thus lower delivery costs.

Different network infrastructures such as electricity or gas networks show as well economies of density.

Economies of density are not to be confused with economies of scale where unit costs are not linked to spatial properties.

Cost
Cost is the value of money that has been used up to produce something or deliver a service, and hence is not available for use anymore. In business, the cost may be one of acquisition, in which case the amount of money expended to acquire it is counted as cost. In this case, money is the input that is gone in order to acquire the thing. This acquisition cost may be the sum of the cost of production as incurred by the original producer, and further costs of transaction as incurred by the acquirer over and above the price paid to the producer. Usually, the price also includes a mark-up for profit over the cost of production.

More generalized in the field of economics, cost is a metric that is totaling up as a result of a process or as a differential for the result of a decision.  Hence cost is the metric used in the standard modeling paradigm applied to economic processes.

Costs (pl.) are often further described based on their timing or their applicability.
Sibbald
Sibbald is a hamlet in southern Alberta, Canada within Special Area No. 3. It is located on Highway 9, approximately 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) west of the provincial border with Saskatchewan and 154 kilometres (96 mi) northeast of Medicine Hat.

Southern Alberta
Southern Alberta is a region located in the Canadian province of Alberta.  In 2016, the region's population was approximately 291,112. The primary cities are Lethbridge and Medicine Hat. The region is known mostly for agricultural production, but other sectors, such as alternative energy, film production and tourism, are emerging.
Ramamurthy
Ramamurthy is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

B. Ramamurthy, Indian director

B. V. Ramamurthy, Indian cartoonist

Gidugu Ramamurthy, also known as Gidugu Venkata Ramamoorty

Kathadi Ramamurthy, Indian actor, director and script writer

Kodi Ramamurthy Naidu, Indian bodybuilder

Nara Ramamurthy Naidu, Indian politician

R. Ramamurthy, Indian politician, incumbent Member of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly from the Vikravandi constituency

Sendhil Ramamurthy, American actor

S. V. Ramamurthy, Indian civil servant

T K Ramamurthy, also known as T. K. Ramamoorthy, a South Indian Tamil music composer and violinist

Vazhappady K. Ramamurthy, Indian politician from Tamil Nadu

Vittal Ramamurthy, violinist in the Carnatic music tradition of South India

V. S. Ramamurthy, Indian nuclear physicist

R. Ramamurthy
R. Ramamurthy is an Indian politician.

A member of the Communist Party of India (Marxist), Ramamurthy served on the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly from the Vikravandi constituency between 2011 and 2016, when he was succeeded by K. Rathamani.
French Liberation Army
The French Liberation Army (French: Armée française de la Libération [aʁme fʁɑ̃sɛːz də la libeʁɑsjɔ̃]; AFL) was the reunified French Army that arose from the merger of the Giraudist Armée d'Afrique with the prior Gaullist Free French Forces (Forces françaises libres; FFL) during World War II. The military force of Free France, it participated in the Italian and Tunisian campaigns before joining in the 1944 Liberation of France with other Western Allies of World War II. It went on to join the Western Allied invasion of Germany to secure the capitulation of Germany's remaining forces. The successor to the FLA, the modern French Armed Forces would jointly occupy Germany with the other allies until 1955.

French West Africa
French West Africa (French: Afrique-Occidentale française, AOF) was a federation of eight French colonial territories in West Africa: Mauritania, Senegal, French Sudan (now Mali), French Guinea (now Guinea), Ivory Coast, Upper Volta (now Burkina Faso), Dahomey (now Benin) and Niger. The federation existed from 1895 until 1958. Its capital was Saint-Louis in Senegal until 1902, and then Dakar until the federation's collapse in 1960.

With an area of 4,689,000 km2, French West Africa was eight times the size of Metropolitan France. French Equatorial Africa had an additional area of 2,500,000 km2.
Festo
Festo is a German automation company based in Esslingen am Neckar, Germany. Festo produces and sells pneumatic and electrical control systems and drive technology for factories and process automation. Festo Didactic also offers industrial education and consultation services and is one of the sponsors and partners of the WorldSkills Mechatronics Competitions. Sales subsidiaries, distribution centres and factories of Festo are located in 61 countries worldwide. The company was named after its founders Albert Fezer and Gottlieb Stoll.

Pneumatics
Pneumatics (from Greek πνεῦμα pneuma 'wind, breath') is the use of gas or pressurized air to create mechanical motion in mechanical systems.

Pneumatic systems used in industry are commonly powered by compressed air or compressed inert gases. A centrally located and electrically powered compressor powers cylinders, air motors, pneumatic actuators, and other pneumatic devices. A pneumatic system controlled through manual or automatic solenoid valves is selected when it provides a lower cost, more flexible, or safer alternative to electric motors, and hydraulic actuators.

Pneumatics also has applications in dentistry, construction, mining, and other areas.
Loïc Caradec
Loïc Caradec (1948–1986) was a French engineer and sailor, born in Paris. He died in the 1986 Route du Rhum race when his catamaran Royale capsized.

Caradec sailed in the 1973–74 Whitbread Round the World Race on Grand Louis and in the 1977–78 Whitbread Round the World Race on Gauloises II.

1977–1978 Whitbread Round the World Race
The 1977–78 Whitbread Round the World Race was the second edition of the around-the-world sailing event Whitbread Round the World Race. On 27 August 1977, 15 boats started out from Portsmouth for the Whitbread Round the World Race under a moderate Northerly breeze and light patchy rain. Most of the second Whitbread Race was dominated by a tight race between Swan 65 King's Legend and Flyer, the latter eventually winning the race. All 15 boats finished the 26,780-nautical-mile (49,600 km) race. Great Britain II was winner on elapsed time for the second race in succession. This race was notable for the fact that Clare Francis became the first woman to skipper a Whitbread entry, the Swan 65 ADC Accutrac.
Cleaver Lake (Timiskaming District)
Cleaver Lake is a lake in the Unorganized West Part of Timiskaming District in Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is about 800 metres (2,600 ft) long and 150 metres (490 ft) wide, and lies at an elevation of 329 metres (1,079 ft) about 16 kilometres (10 mi) northwest of the community of Gowganda and about 21.7 kilometres (13.5 mi) southwest of Matachewan. The primary inflow and outflow is Cleaver Creek, which flows into the West Montreal River, a tributary of the Montreal River and part of the Ottawa River system.

Gowganda
Gowganda is a Dispersed Rural Community and unincorporated place in geographic Nicol Township, Timiskaming District, in northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is at the outlet of the Montreal River from Lake Gowganda, and is on Ontario Highway 560.

The community's name, taken from the lake and formerly also spelled as Gow Ganda, is an indigenous word meaning "porcupines home".

The West Montreal River Provincial Park is accessible via Highway 560 at Gowganda.
Yaroslavich
Yaroslavich or Yaroslavych (Russian and Ukrainian: Ярославич) is either an archaic or colloquial contracted masculine East Slavic patronymic derived from the given name Yaroslav with the patronymic suffix -ich, meaning "son of Yaroslav". The modern, non-contracted patronymic is Yaroslavovich. The corresponding feminine patronymic is Yaroslavna. Notable persons with this patronymic include:

Alexander Nevsky before acquiring the epithet "Nevsky" was referred to as "Aleksandr Yaroslavich"

Andrey II Yaroslavich or Andrey II of Vladimir

Igor Yaroslavich, son of Yaroslav the Wise

Iziaslav Yaroslavich or Iziaslav I of Kiev

Mikhail Yaroslavich or Mikhail of Tver

Sviatoslav II Yaroslavich or Sviatoslav II of Kiev

Vladimir Yaroslavich:
Vladimir of Novgorod
Vladimir II Yaroslavich (fl. 1180–1198), prince of Halych (1187–1189, 1189–1198/99)

Vsevolod I Yaroslavich or Vsevolod I of Kiev

Yaroslav III Yaroslavich or Yaroslav of Tver

Vladimir of Novgorod
Vladimir Yaroslavich (Russian: Владимир Ярославич; Old Norse: Valdamarr Jarizleifsson; 1020 – 4 October 1052) was Prince of Novgorod from 1036 until his death in 1052. He was the eldest son of Yaroslav I the Wise by Ingegerd Olofsdotter, a daughter of Olof Skötkonung, the king of Sweden. He is venerated as a saint in the Eastern Orthodox Church, with his feast being on 4 October.
Pobre diabla (Mexican TV series)
Pobre Diabla (Daniela) is a telenovela by TV Azteca in partnership with Venevision Continental, produced by Fides Velasco and starring Alejandra Lazcano, the presentation of Cristobal Lander in Mexico, Hector Arredondo, Leonardo Daniel, Rafael Sanchez Navarro and antagonistic involvement of Claudia Alvarez. It is adapted from telenovela Cara Sucia of Venezuela, which is also a version of the drama La Gata, written by Ines Rodena.

TV Azteca
Televisión Azteca, commonly known as TV Azteca, is a Mexican multimedia conglomerate owned by Grupo Salinas. It is the second-largest mass media company in Mexico after Televisa. It primarily competes with Televisa as well as some local operators. It owns two national television networks, Azteca Uno and Azteca 7, and operates two other nationally distributed services, adn40 and A Más+. All three of these networks have transmitters in most major and minor cities.

TV Azteca also operates Azteca Trece Internacional, reaching 13 countries in Central and South America, and formerly part of the Azteca América network in the United States. Its flagship program is the newscast Hechos.
Nobel Prize medal
The Nobel Prize medal is a gold medal given to recipients of the Nobel Prizes of Chemistry, Literature, Peace, Physics and Physiology or Medicine since 1901. The medal for the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, given since 1968, is awarded with the aforementioned prizes.

The medals are struck in 18-carat green gold plated with 24-carat gold and weigh about 175 grams (0.386 lb) each, with the exception of the Economic prize medal which weighs 185g.

The recipients also receive a diploma that details their achievements, and a monetary award from the Nobel Foundation. The voting members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute, and the Swedish Academy receive smaller replicas of the prize medals. The chemistry, literature, physics, and physiology or medicine prizes are known as the 'Swedish medals'.

Eskilstuna
Eskilstuna (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈɛ̂sːkɪlsˌtʉːna] ⓘ) is a city and the seat of Eskilstuna Municipality, Södermanland County, Sweden. The city of Eskilstuna had 69,948 inhabitants in 2020, with a total population of 107,806 inhabitants in Eskilstuna municipality 2023. Eskilstuna has a large Sweden Finn population. The town is located on the River Eskilstunaån, which connects Lake Hjälmaren and Lake Mälaren.
Clinton Calabrese
Clinton Calabrese (born March 4, 1986) is an American Democratic Party politician who has represented the 36th Legislative District in the New Jersey General Assembly since February 10, 2018, when he was sworn in to replace Marlene Caride, who resigned from office after being nominated to serve as head of the New Jersey Department of Banking and Insurance. Calabrese had served on the Board of Education of the Cliffside Park School District. He has been the Assembly's Deputy Whip since 2022.

Cliffside Park School District
The Cliffside Park School District is a comprehensive community public school district that serves students in pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade from Cliffside Park, in Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey.

As of the 2021–22 school year, the district, comprising five schools, had an enrollment of 3,074 students and 255.7 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 12.0:1.

The district is classified by the New Jersey Department of Education as being in District Factor Group "B", the second lowest of eight groupings. District Factor Groups organize districts statewide to allow comparison by common socioeconomic characteristics of the local districts. From lowest socioeconomic status to highest, the categories are A, B, CD, DE, FG, GH, I and J.

Students from Fairview attend the district's high school as part of a sending/receiving relationship with the Fairview Public Schools.
Military 12-gauge cartridges
Military use of combat shotguns through the 20th century has created a need for ammunition maximizing the combat effectiveness of such weapons within the limitations of international law. 12-gauge has been widely accepted as an appropriate bore diameter to provide an effective number of projectiles within an acceptable recoil. Early 12-gauge popularity for sporting purposes produced a large number of repeating firearms designs readily adaptable to military purposes.

Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907
The Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907 are a series of international treaties and declarations negotiated at two international peace conferences at The Hague in the Netherlands. Along with the Geneva Conventions, the Hague Conventions were among the first formal statements of the laws of war and war crimes in the body of secular international law. A third conference was planned for 1914 and later rescheduled for 1915, but it did not take place because of the start of World War I. Article 22 states that, "the right of belligerents to adopt means of injuring the enemy is not unlimited.”
Ten Mile Creek (North Fork Salt River tributary)
Ten Mile Creek is a stream in Macon and Shelby counties of Missouri. It is a tributary of the North Fork Salt River.

The headwaters of the stream are at 39°48′50″N 92°22′30″W﻿ / ﻿39.81389°N 92.37500°W﻿ / 39.81389; -92.37500 and the confluence with the North Fork Salt River is at 39°47′12″N 92°10′49″W﻿ / ﻿39.78667°N 92.18028°W﻿ / 39.78667; -92.18028. The source area for the stream is in eastern Macon County east of Missouri Route K between Ten Mile and Redman. The stream flows east-southeast and is impounded in western Shelby County as Daniel Boone Lake north of Clarence on U.S. Route 36. The stream passes under Missouri Route 151 below the dam and continues to the east for about five miles to its confluence with the North Fork.

Ten Mile Creek was so named on account of its length, approximately ten miles (16 km).

U.S. Route 36
U.S. Route 36 (US 36) is an east–west United States Numbered Highway that travels approximately 1,414 miles (2,276 km) from Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado to Uhrichsville, Ohio. The highway's western terminus is at Deer Ridge Junction, an intersection in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, where it meets US 34. Its eastern terminus is at US 250 in Uhrichsville, Ohio.
Haizlip
Haizlip is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ellis Haizlip (1929–1991), American television and theatrical producer and broadcaster

Jay Haizlip, American skateboarder

Shirlee Taylor Haizlip (born 1937), American author

Mae Haizlip, American aviator

Jim Haizlip, American aviator who set transcontinental airspeed record in 1932

Ellis Haizlip
Ellis B. Haizlip (September 21, 1929 – January 25, 1991) was an American television and theatrical producer, broadcaster and promoter of African American culture. Haizlip is best known as the creator, producer and host of the television variety show, SOUL!
Ng Ka Long
Angus Ng Ka Long (born 24 June 1994) is a Hong Kong badminton player. He has a career-high ranking of 6th in the men's singles discipline. He won the 2016 Hong Kong Super Series, the 2020 Thailand Masters and the 2023 German Open.

2016 Hong Kong Super Series
The 2016 Hong Kong Super Series was the twelfth Superseries tournament of the 2016 BWF Super Series. The tournament took place in Kowloon, Hong Kong from November 22–27, 2016 with a total prize money of $400,000.