hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
History of China (1976–1989)
The time period in China from the death of Mao Zedong in 1976 until the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre is often known as Dengist China, Reform era, or Long 1980s. In September 1976, after CCP Chairman Mao Zedong's death, the People's Republic of China was left with no central authority figure, either symbolically or administratively. The Gang of Four was purged, but new Chairman Hua Guofeng insisted on continuing Maoist policies. After a bloodless power struggle, Deng Xiaoping came to the helm to reform the Chinese economy and government institutions in their entirety. Deng, however, was conservative with regard to wide-ranging political reform, and along with the combination of unforeseen problems that resulted from the reform and opening up policies, the country underwent another political crisis, culminating in the crackdown of massive pro-democracy protests in Tiananmen Square.

General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
The General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was the leader of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU). From 1924 until the country's dissolution in 1991, the officeholder was the recognized leader of the Soviet Union. Prior to Joseph Stalin's accession, the position was not viewed as an important role in Vladimir Lenin's government and previous occupants had been responsible for technical rather than political decisions.

Officially, the General Secretary solely controlled the Communist Party directly. However, since the party had a monopoly on political power, the General Secretary de facto had executive control of the Soviet government. Because of the office's ability to direct both the foreign and domestic policies of the state and preeminence over the Soviet Communist Party, it was the de facto highest office of the Soviet Union.
David McCrae
David McCrae (23 February 1900 – 1976) was a Scottish footballer who played at both professional and international levels as a striker.

After being signed after an impressive Scottish Cup performance as an opposition player with Beith, McCrae played club football for St Mirren, where he was all-time top scorer with 222 league goals and 251 in all competitions and won the Scottish Cup in 1926, scoring in the final. McCrae later played club football for New Brighton, Queen of the South and Darlington.

While at St Mirren, McCrae also earned two caps for Scotland in 1929. His brother was fellow player James McCrae.

New Brighton A.F.C.
New Brighton Association Football Club is the name of two former football clubs from the seaside resort of New Brighton, in Wallasey, Merseyside in England. The original club founded in 1921 were members of the Football League from 1923 until 1951, playing 21 seasons in Division 3 North but were disbanded in 1983. In 1993, a club with the same name was formed and played in the West Cheshire League, until folding in 2012.
Ayumi Hamasaki videography
Japanese musician Ayumi Hamasaki has released more than 100 music videos since her debut in 1998, creating works for songs she has released as singles, as well as songs found exclusively on albums. Hamasaki has released 37 video albums, including 27 concert footage releases. Many of these have been successful, debuting at number one in Japan or Taiwan, while several have been certified gold by the RIAJ: Complete Live Box A (2003), A Museum: 30th Single Collection Live (2004), Arena Tour 2005 A: My Story (2005) and Arena Tour 2006 A: (Miss)understood (2006). Most of these concerts feature footage from her arena tours in Japan, or from her annual Countdown Live New Year's events. Her Tour of Secret video album featured footage from her concerts in Japan, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Shanghai in 2007, while her Ayumi Hamasaki Asia Tour 2008: 10th Anniversary concert recording was filmed exclusively in Taipei, Taiwan.

Ayumi Hamasaki Asia Tour 2008: 10th Anniversary
Ayumi Hamasaki Asia Tour 2008: 10th Anniversary was a concert tour of Asia held by Ayumi Hamasaki to celebrate her tenth anniversary as a performer under Avex Trax. The tour had stops across Japan as well as in Hong Kong, Shanghai and Taipei. This was also the first time the whole performance was filmed outside Japan.
Wadestown, New Zealand
Wadestown is a northern suburb of Wellington, (the capital city of New Zealand) located about 2–3 km (1.2–1.9 mi) by road from the Wellington central business district and the New Zealand Parliament Buildings.

It is a residential suburb overlooking Thorndon and the Ngaio Gorge from the northern flanks of Te Ahumairangi Hill (formerly Tinakori Hill). The suburb is hilly and includes Weld Street reportedly one of the steepest streets in Wellington. Wadestown's streets are picturesque and narrow — 10 metres (33 feet), half a chain, made by pick and shovel and horse and scoop.

New Zealand Parliament Buildings
The New Zealand Parliament Buildings house the New Zealand Parliament and are on a 45,000 square metre site at the northern end of Lambton Quay, Wellington. From north to south, they are the Parliamentary Library building (1899); the Edwardian neoclassical-style Parliament House (1922); the executive wing, called "The Beehive" (1977); and Bowen House (in use since 1991). Currently, an additional building for housing Members of Parliament is under construction, which is expected to be completed in 2027. Whilst most of the individual buildings are outstanding for different reasons, the overall setting that has been achieved "has little aesthetic or architectural coherence".
Peter McIntyre (judge)
Peter J. McIntyre is a justice who served on the Court of Queen's Bench of Alberta from 29 November 1994 to 5 January 2016. He also served as a part-time judge on the Supreme Court of Yukon.

On 14 July 2004, as a justice on the Supreme Court of Yukon, McIntyre declared same-sex marriages legal in Yukon, ordered the government to issue a marriage licence to a couple who had challenged the law. He changed the territory's common law definition of marriage from "a union between one man and one woman" to "the voluntary union for life of two persons to the exclusion of all others".

Supreme Court of Yukon
The Supreme Court of Yukon (SCY; French: Cour suprême du Yukon) is the superior court having general jurisdiction for the Canadian territory of Yukon. Civil and criminal cases are heard by the court, as well as appeals from the Yukon Territorial Court, the Yukon Small Claims Court and other quasi-judicial boards. The court is based in Whitehorse. Appeals from the court are made to the Court of Appeal of Yukon.

The current Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Yukon is Suzanne Duncan.
Team Carinthia
Team Carinthia (German: Team Kärnten, TK), formerly Team Stronach Carinthia, is a political party in the Austrian state of Carinthia. It emerged from the Carinthian regional organization of the now defunct Team Stronach. In the media, it is attested to have a populist orientation. In the 2018 Carinthian state election, Team Carinthia reached the Carinthian Landtag with 5.80% of the votes.

States of Austria
Austria is a federal republic consisting of nine states. The European Commission calls them provinces. Austrian states can pass laws that stay within the limits of the constitution, and each state has representatives in the Austrian federal parliament.
Lee Brian Schrager
Lee Brian Schrager is an American businessman and the senior vice president of communications and corporate social responsibility for the Southern Glazer's Wine & Spirit of America.  Schrager is known for his work with the Food Network South Beach and New York City Wine and Food Festivals.

Food Network South Beach Wine and Food Festival
The Food Network South Beach Wine & Food Festival is an annual four-day event in Miami, typically in mid-February. The event showcases wine, spirits, chefs, and culinary personalities. The four-day event consists of dinners, wine seminars, tasting and demos, brunches and lunches, walk-around tastings, family events, fitness, and late-night parties. The event is hosted by Florida International University.

There was no festival in 2021.
ERL (automobile manufacturer)
ERL, from the initials of its creator Eskil Roland Lindström, was an automobile manufacturer from Mölndal, Sweden. Lindström was a race driver during the mid-war period, and after World War II he built a series of nine sports cars made out of parts from motorcycles and standard cars. The first engine came from a Douglas motorcycle; later it was replaced by a 600 cc two-stroke DKW engine giving 14.5 HP. It was connected to a three-speed gearbox mounted in the middle of the car. The grille came from a Ford Model B, but lowered. Many of the chassis parts came from the BMW Dixi, a German copy of Austin Seven. The car was very light, only 520 kg and the top speed was 100 km/h.

Sports car
A sports car is a type of automobile that is designed with an emphasis on dynamic performance, such as handling, acceleration, top speed, the thrill of driving, and racing capability. Sports cars originated in Europe in the early 1910s and are currently produced by many manufacturers around the world.
Mount Eugene
Mount Eugene is the highest mountain of the United States Range on Ellesmere Island. Originally named "Mount Arthur Eugene" in 1883 by the United States Army Signal Service during their Lady Franklin Bay expedition.

Lady Franklin Bay
Lady Franklin Bay is an Arctic waterway in the Qikiqtaaluk Region, Nunavut, Canada. The bay is located in Nares Strait, northwest of Judge Daly Promontory and is an inlet into the northeastern shore of Ellesmere Island.

Fort Conger—formerly an Arctic exploration camp—is located on its northern shore.
Veblen–Young theorem
In mathematics, the Veblen–Young theorem, proved by Oswald Veblen and John Wesley Young (1908, 1910, 1917), states that a projective space of dimension at least 3 can be constructed as the projective space associated to a vector space over a division ring.

Non-Desarguesian planes give examples of 2-dimensional projective spaces that do not arise from vector spaces over division rings, showing that the restriction to dimension at least 3 is necessary.

Jacques Tits generalized the Veblen–Young theorem to Tits buildings, showing that those of rank at least 3 arise from algebraic groups.

John von Neumann (1998) generalized the Veblen–Young theorem to continuous geometry, showing that a complemented modular lattice of order at least 4 is isomorphic to the principal right ideals of a von Neumann regular ring.

Von Neumann regular ring
In mathematics, a von Neumann regular ring is a ring R (associative, with 1, not necessarily commutative) such that for every element a in R there exists an x in R with a = axa. One may think of x as a "weak inverse" of the element a; in general x is not uniquely determined by a.  Von Neumann regular rings are also called absolutely flat rings, because these rings are characterized by the fact that every left R-module is flat.

Von Neumann regular rings were introduced by von Neumann (1936) under the name of "regular rings", in the course of his study of von Neumann algebras and continuous geometry.  Von Neumann regular rings should not be confused with the unrelated regular rings and regular local rings of commutative algebra.

An element a of a ring is called a von Neumann regular element if there exists an x such that a = axa.  An ideal  is called a (von Neumann) regular ideal if for every element a in  there exists an element x in  such that a = axa.
Guelma
Guelma (Arabic: قالمة Qālima; Algerian Arabic: ڨالمة; Algerian Arabic pronunciation: [ɡelmæ]) is the capital of Guelma Province and Guelma District, located in north-eastern Algeria, about 52 kilometers from the Mediterranean coast. Its location corresponds to that of ancient Calama.

Algerian Arabic
Algerian Arabic (Arabic: الدارجة الجزائرية, romanized: ad-dārija al-jazāʾiriyya), natively known as Dziria, Darja or Derja, is a variety of Arabic spoken in Algeria. It belongs to the Maghrebi Arabic dialect continuum and is mostly intelligible with the Tunisian and Moroccan dialects. Darja (الدارجة) means 'everyday/colloquial dialect'.

Like other varieties of Maghrebi Arabic, Algerian Arabic has a mostly Semitic vocabulary. It contains Berber, Punic, and African Romance influences and has some loanwords from French, Andalusi Arabic, Ottoman Turkish and Spanish. Berber loanwords represent 8% to 9% of its vocabulary.
Fredrik Modin
Jan Fredrik Modin (born 8 October 1974) is a Swedish former professional ice hockey player. A left winger, he played 14 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He is best remembered for his most productive years with the Tampa Bay Lightning, with whom he won the Stanley Cup in 2004.

2004 World Cup of Hockey
The 2004 World Cup of Hockey was an international ice hockey tournament. It was the second installment of the National Hockey League (NHL)-sanctioned competition, eight years after the inaugural 1996 World Cup of Hockey. It was held from August 30 to September 14, 2004, and took place in various venues in North America and Europe. Canada won the championship, defeating Finland in the final, held in Toronto.

The tournament directly preceded the NHL lockout, as the NHL announced they were locking out players during 2004–05 season two days after the tournament final was played, pending the adoption of a new Collective Bargaining Agreement.
Irene Birungi
Irene Birungi Mugisha (née Irene Birungi; born 1973), is a Ugandan entrepreneur, broadcaster, and columnist who works as a private secretary for the administration at the office of the president of Uganda, Yoweri Kaguta Museveni, effective September 2017.

Mugisha is the founder of All Round Consult, a public relations and media firm, based in Kampala, Uganda's capital city. In October 2010, she became the first female television manager in Uganda after being appointed state broadcaster at Uganda Broadcasting Corporation. In 2013, she became the head of editorial and was a television producer with CNBC Africa. She is also a columnist for the Daily Monitor and New Vision on economic issues.

Daily Monitor
The Daily Monitor is an independent daily newspaper in Uganda. Launched in 1992 as The Monitor, it established itself as a leading voice critical of the government and is one of the two largest national newspapers, alongside the state-owned New Vision.

The paper is published by Monitor Publications Limited, which is majority-owned by the Nairobi-based Nation Media Group (NMG).
Mark Selway
Mark Wayne Selway (born June 1959) is an Australian businessman, CEO of IMI plc from 1 January 2014 to 9 March 2019. He replaced Martin Lamb.

Mark Wayne Selway was born in Australia in June 1959.

Selway is the former CEO of Weir Group, and before his appointment at IMI, had been CEO of Boral in Australia.

IMI plc
IMI plc (LSE: IMI), formerly Imperial Metal Industries Limited (1962–1968) and IMI Limited (1978–1981), is a British-based engineering company headquartered in Birmingham, England.  It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index.
Ian Blelloch
Dato’ Ian William Blelloch CMG (2 August 1901 – 25 March 1982) was a British colonial administrator in Malaya.

Blelloch was educated at Dunfermline High School and Edinburgh University. He was a cadet of the Federated Malay States (1926), District Officer of Krian (Class III), District Officer of Raub (1932) (Class IV), Acting British Adviser for Terengganu and the last posting British Adviser for Perak (1951–1956). His monthly salary as the Adviser for Perak was M$1500.

Blelloch was awarded the Perak Meritorious Service Medal in 1953. He was appointed CMG in 1955, Officer of the Order of St John in 1957, and Commander of that Order in 1964. He was created Dato’ by the Sultan of Perak in 1956.

Dunfermline High School
Dunfermline High School is one of four main high schools located in Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland. The school also caters for pupils from Kincardine, Rosyth and surrounding villages. The school was founded in 1468. Today it has over 1,550 pupils. The current Rector is Iain Yuile.
David Ngog
David Philippe Henri Ngog (born 1 April 1989) is a French former professional footballer who played as a striker.

Ngog started his career with French Ligue 1 club Paris Saint-Germain. He made his senior debut in 2006 and in 2008 won the Coupe de la Ligue. English Premier League club Liverpool signed him at the start of the 2008–09 season. After three years, he moved to fellow Premier League club Bolton Wanderers, but was relegated with them after just one season. Following that, Ngog had spells in Greece, Scotland, Hungary, and Lithuania. In 2020, he announced his retirement. However, he made a surprising comeback in 2022, having a one-year stint with third-tier club Panionios.

Ngog is a former France under-21 international. However, he was also eligible to represent Cameroon, by way of his father, and was approached by Cameroon in the past to make the switch.

Cameroon national football team
The Cameroon national football team (French: Équipe du Cameroun de football), also known as the Indomitable Lions (French: les lions indomptables), represents Cameroon in men's international football. It is controlled by the Fédération Camerounaise de Football, a member of FIFA and its African confederation CAF.

The team has qualified for the FIFA World Cup eight times, more than any other African team, and four times in a row between 1990 and 2002. However, the team has only made it out of the group stage once. They were the first African team to reach the quarter-final of the World Cup in 1990, losing to England in extra time. They have also won five Africa Cup of Nations.

Cameroon is the first and, as of 2022, only African country to win against Brazil in tournament play, defeating them in the 2003 Confederations Cup and 2022 FIFA World Cup by identical 1–0 scores.
Tim Soudan
Tim Soudan is the current head coach for the Denver Outlaws of the Premier Lacrosse League. He joined the team, known as Chrome Lacrosse Club at the time after the conclusion of their 2019 season, replacing legendary coach Dom Starsia. Soudan is a former National Lacrosse League (NLL) and Major League Lacrosse (MLL) player. Soudan was one year too early before the Olympic lacrosse team was formed, and was registered as a player but injured himself making him unable to play. Soudan also played in the NLL for the Boston Blazers (1991–1994) and the Rochester Knighthawks (1995–2005), and in the MLL for the Rochester Rattlers (2001–2003). Soudan coached the Rochester Rattlers from 2011 to 2017, earning coach of the year honors in 2014 and reaching the championship final in 2014 and 2015.

National Lacrosse League
The National Lacrosse League (NLL) is a professional box lacrosse league in North America. The league comprises 14 teams – 7 in the United States and 7 in Canada. The NLL is headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

The NLL ranks third in average attendance for pro indoor sports worldwide, behind only the National Hockey League (NHL) and National Basketball Association (NBA). Unlike other box lacrosse leagues, which play in the summer, the NLL plays its games in the winter and spring, from December to June. Each year, the playoff teams battle for the National Lacrosse League Cup. The NLL has averaged between 8,900 and 10,700 spectators per game each year since 2004.
John H. Tierney
John Hogan Tierney (June 24, 1832 – February 9, 1907) was an American politician and farmer.

Tierney was born in Freshford, County Kilkenny, Ireland and went to the public schools in Ireland. He emigrated to the United States in 1851 and settled in the Town of Westport, Dane County, Wisconsin. He was a farmer. Tierney served as the chairman of the Westport Town Board and on the Dane County Board of Supervisors. He died in Waunakee, Wisconsin.

Waunakee, Wisconsin
Waunakee (/ˌwɔːnəˈkiː/) is a village in Dane County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 14,879 at the 2020 census. A suburb of Madison, it is part of the Madison metropolitan area. Waunakee bills itself as "The Only Waunakee in the World".
Petronijević
Petronijević is a Croatian and Serbian surname. It can refer to:

Avram Petronijević (1791–1852), Serbian politician

Branislav Petronijević (1875–1954), Serbian philosopher and paleontologist

Dušan Petronijević (born 1983), Serbian footballer

Mateja Petronijević (born 1986), Croatian sailor

Daniel (Dan) Petronijevic (born 1981), Serbian-Canadian actor

Serbian name
This article features the naming culture of personal names of ethnic Serbs and the Serbian language. Serbian names are rendered in the "Western name order" with the surname placed after the given name. "Eastern name order" may be used when multiple names appear in a sorted list, particularly in official notes and legal documents when the last name is capitalized (e.g. MILOVANOVIĆ Janko).
Rock Rock Kiss Kiss Combo
Rock Rock Kiss Kiss Combo is the debut album of Danish indie rock band The Fashion. It was released September 15, 2003 by Sony BMG Denmark. The album featured the singles “Let's Go Dancing”, and “Roller Disco Inferno” and the album was given extensive airplay on Danish radio. The album subsequently became the MTV Fresh Pick of the Week.

Sony BMG
Sony BMG Music Entertainment was an American record company owned as a 50–50 joint venture between Sony Corporation of America and Bertelsmann. The venture's successor, the revived Sony Music, is wholly owned by Sony, following their buyout of the remaining 50% held by Bertelsmann. BMG was instead rebuilt as BMG Rights Management on the basis of the remaining 200 artists.
European Union Rule of Law Mission in Kosovo
The European Union Rule of Law Mission in Kosovo, known as EULEX Kosovo or simply as EULEX, is the largest civilian mission ever launched under the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) of the European Union. EULEX supports the Kosovan rule of law institutions on their path towards increased effectiveness, sustainability, multi-ethnicity and accountability, free from political interference and in full compliance with international human rights standards and best European practices.

EULEX's current mandate covers the period to 14 June 2027 and is based on Council Decision 2025/1161. Within its mandate, the Mission undertakes monitoring, mentoring, and advising activities and has limited executive functions.

The Mission works within the framework of UN Security Council Resolution 1244.

European Union Institute for Security Studies
The European Union Institute for Security Studies (EUISS) is the EU's think tank for foreign and security policy.

Its core mission is to provide analysis on security and defence issues, and organise discussion forums to help formulate EU policy. It also acts as an interface between European experts and decision makers.

Based in Paris, the EUISS is an agency of the European Union (EU) with full intellectual freedom.
1st meridian west
The meridian 1° west of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, Europe, Africa, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.

The 1st meridian west forms a great ellipse with the 179th meridian east.

It is the most populous meridian west of Greenwich, being home to between 41.2 million and 44.9 million people as of 2019.

Great ellipse
A great ellipse is an ellipse passing through two points on a spheroid and having the same center as that of the spheroid. Equivalently, it is an ellipse on the surface of a spheroid and centered on the origin, or the curve formed by intersecting the spheroid by a plane through its center.
For points that are separated by less than about a quarter of the circumference of the earth, about , the length of the great ellipse connecting the points is close (within one part in 500,000) to the geodesic distance.
The great ellipse therefore is sometimes proposed as a suitable route for marine navigation.
The great ellipse is special case of an earth section path.