hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ian Swallow
Ian Geoffrey Swallow (born 18 December 1962, Barnsley, Yorkshire, England) is a former English first-class cricketer, who appeared for Yorkshire County Cricket Club from 1983 to 1989, and for Somerset in 1990 and 1991.

Swallow was a right-arm off break bowler and a right-handed batsman. In 88 first-class matches he scored 1,550 runs at 20.39, with his single century being a score of 114.  He took 106 wickets, with a best of 7 for 95, at an average of 54.69. He is considered to be the greatest of all time at Elsecar CC where he retired from cricket last season.

Swallow was also a semi-professional footballer, playing for Stocksbridge Park Steels between 1993 and 1997.

Off spin
Off spin is a type of spin bowling in cricket. A bowler who uses this technique is called an off spinner. Off spinners bowl with their right-arm and a  finger spin action. Their normal delivery is called an off break, which spins from left to right (from the bowler's perspective) when the ball bounces on the pitch. For a right-handed batter, the ball breaks towards them from the off side, hence the name 'off break'.

Off spinners bowl mostly off breaks, varying them by adjusting the line and length of the deliveries. Off spinners also bowl other types of delivery, which spin differently. Aside from these variations in spin, varying the speed, length and flight of the ball are also important for the off spinner.

The bowler with the most wickets in the history of both Test matches and ODIs, Muttiah Muralitharan, was an off spinner.
Pulchrana siberu
Pulchrana siberu, also known as the Siberut Island frog, is a species of true frog, family Ranidae. It is found in the Mentawai Islands, off the Sumatran west coast (Indonesia), including the eponymous Siberut Island. It possibly occurs in Sumatra itself, although the latter records seem to refer to an as-yet-undescribed species. Similarly, earlier records from Malaysia refer to Pulchrana centropeninsularis.

It resembles the Pulchrana picturata, but can be distinguished by its continuous dorsolateral stripe, an immaculate dorsum without spots and the males lack nuptial pads.

Pulchrana siberu occurs in primary and secondary lowland forests at elevations below 700 m (2,300 ft) in association with swamp and peat bog habitats. Breeding takes place in streams. It is threatened by habitat loss, which is primarily caused by expanding oil palm plantations.

Social and environmental impact of palm oil
Palm oil, produced from the oil palm, is a basic source of income for many farmers in South East Asia, Central and West Africa, and Central America. Its cultivation and production (often monoculture on previously carbon-sequestering, biodiverse forest land) often coincides with human rights abuses (including rape, human trafficking, child labor, and slavery), displacement and disruption of human and animal populations, and other harmful environmental effects. These impacts can be significant, as oil palms produce 38% of the world's vegetable-oil output on 6% of the world's vegetable-oil farmland, and products from oil palms are widespread in cosmetics. There has also been considerable greenwashing of deforestation and animal cruelty related to palm oil production, with offenders including palm oil producers that received certifications of sustainability.
Hempens
Hempens (West Frisian: Himpens) is a village in Leeuwarden municipality in the province of Friesland, the Netherlands.

It was first mentioned in 1463 as Hempens, and means "settlement of the people of Hempe (person)".

Hempens was an agricultural community. In 1840, it was home to 89 people. The church burnt down in 1945, and was rebuilt in 1948.

West Frisian language
West Frisian (Westerlauwersk Frysk; Dutch: Westerlauwers Fries), or simply Frisian (Frysk [frisk]; Dutch: Fries [fris]), is a West Germanic language spoken mostly in the province of Friesland (Fryslân) in the north of the Netherlands, mostly by those of Frisian ancestry. It is the most widely spoken of the Frisian languages.

In the study of the evolution of English, West Frisian is notable as being the most closely related foreign tongue to the various dialects of Old English spoken across the Heptarchy, these being part of the Anglo-Frisian branch of the West Germanic family.
Drag City (song)
"Drag City" is a 1963 song by Jan and Dean, written by Jan Berry, Roger Christian, and Brian Wilson. It describes the narrator's trip to a drag racing strip and borrows heavily from an earlier Jan and Dean song "Surf City," also co-written by Berry and Wilson.

"Drag City" was released as the title track from the album of the same name. It was the first of the duo's seven hit songs in 1964, and charted in the top ten in January.

Drag racing
Drag racing is a type of motor racing in which automobiles or motorcycles compete, usually two at a time, to be first to cross a set finish line. The race follows a short, straight course from a standing start over a measured distance, most commonly 1⁄4 mi (1,320 ft; 402 m), with a shorter, 1,000 ft (0.19 mi; 304.80 m) distance becoming increasingly popular, as it has become the standard for Top Fuel dragsters and Funny Cars, where some major bracket races and other sanctioning bodies have adopted it as the standard. The 1⁄8 mi (660 ft; 201 m) is also popular in some circles. Electronic timing and speed sensing systems have been used to record race results since the 1960s.

The history of automobiles and motorcycles being used for drag racing is nearly as long as the history of motorized vehicles themselves, and has taken the form of both illegal street racing and as a regulated motorsport.
Gauteng Football Association
The Gauteng Football Association (colloquially known as SAFA Gauteng) is the provincial administrative governing body that controls the sport of football in the province of Gauteng and is governed by the South Africa Football Association (SAFA).

Sports governing body
A sports governing body is a sports organization that has a regulatory or sanctioning function.

Sports governing bodies come in various forms and have a variety of regulatory functions, including disciplinary procedure for rule infractions and deciding on rule
changes in the sport that they govern. Governing bodies have different scopes. They may cover a range of sport at an internationally acceptable level, such as the International Olympic Committee and the International Paralympic Committee, or only a single sport at a national level, such as the Rugby Football League. National bodies will largely have to be affiliated with international bodies for the same sport. The first international federations were formed at the end of the 19th century.
Timurekha
Timurekha  is a village development committee in Palpa District in the Lumbini Zone of southern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2014 people living in 323 individual households.

Lumbini Zone
Lumbini (Nepali: लुम्बिनी अञ्चलListenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal until the restructure of zones to provinces. Within the zone is the city of Lumbini, widely believed to be the birthplace of Siddhartha Gautama, the founder of Buddhism and renowned as a major Buddhist pilgrimage site. The zone's headquarters was Butwal.
Oeceoclades sclerophylla
Oeceoclades sclerophylla is a terrestrial orchid species in the genus Oeceoclades that is native to Comoros and southeastern Madagascar. It was first described by the German botanist Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach in 1885 as Eulophia sclerophylla. It was later transferred to the genus Oeceoclades in 1976 by Leslie Andrew Garay and Peter Taylor. Oeceoclades sclerophylla has long, linear leaves, a feature that is shared with O. analavelensis and O. quadriloba, but it differs from these species in the proportions of the size of labellum lobes.

Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach
Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach (Dresden, 3 January 1823 – Hamburg, 6 May 1889) was a botanist and the foremost German orchidologist of the 19th century. His father Heinrich Gottlieb Ludwig Reichenbach (author of Icones Florae Germanicae et Helveticae) was also a well-known botanist.
Alaska Court of Appeals
The Alaska Court of Appeals is an intermediate court of appeals for criminal cases in the State of Alaska's judicial department (Alaska Court System), created in 1980 by the Alaska Legislature as an additional appellate court to lessen the burden on the Alaska Supreme Court.  The court of appeals consists of a chief judge and three associate judges, who are all appointed by the governor of Alaska (see List of governors of Alaska) and face judicial retention elections every eight years; the chief judge of the court of appeals is selected from among the four by the chief justice of the supreme court to serve a two-year term.

The court of appeals hears oral argument from lower state trial courts on a regular basis in Anchorage.

Oral argument
Oral arguments are spoken presentations to a judge or appellate court by a lawyer (or parties when representing themselves) of the legal reasons why they should prevail. Oral argument at the appellate level accompanies written briefs, which also advance the argument of each party in the legal dispute. Oral arguments can also occur during motion practice when one of the parties presents a motion to the court for consideration before trial, such as when the case is to be dismissed on a point of law, or when summary judgment may lie because there are no factual issues in dispute.

Oral argument operates by each party in a case taking turns to speak directly to the judge or judges with an equal amount of time allotted to each. A party may often reserve part of their time to be used for rebuttal after their adversary has presented.
Predicate variable
In mathematical logic, a predicate variable is a predicate letter which functions as a "placeholder" for a relation (between terms), but which has not been specifically assigned any particular relation (or meaning). Common symbols for denoting predicate variables include capital roman letters such as ,  and , or lower case roman letters, e.g., . In first-order logic, they can be more properly called metalinguistic variables. In higher-order logic, predicate variables correspond to propositional variables which can stand for well-formed formulas of the same logic, and such variables can be quantified by means of (at least) second-order quantifiers.

Finitary relation
In mathematics, a finitary relation over a sequence of sets X1, ..., Xn is a subset of the Cartesian product X1 × ... × Xn; that is, it is a set of n-tuples (x1, ..., xn), each being a sequence of elements xi in the corresponding Xi. Typically, the relation describes a possible connection between the elements of an n-tuple. For example, the relation "x is divisible by y and z" consists of the set of triples such that when substituted to x, y and z, respectively, make the sentence true.

The non-negative integer n that gives the number of "places" in the relation is called the arity, adicity or degree of the relation. A relation with n "places" is variously called an n-ary relation, an n-adic relation or a relation of degree n. Relations with a finite number of places are called finitary relations (or simply relations if the context is clear). It is also possible to generalize the concept to infinitary relations with infinite sequences.
International University in Geneva
The International Institute in Geneva (IIG), formerly known as International University in Geneva (IUN or IUG), founded in 1997, is a private business school in Geneva, Switzerland. The business school is located in the International Centre Cointrin, next to Geneva Airport.

Foundation (nonprofit)
A foundation (also referred to as a charitable foundation) is a type of nonprofit organization or charitable trust that usually provides funding and support to other charitable organizations through grants, while also potentially participating directly in charitable activities. Foundations encompass public charitable foundations, like community foundations, and private foundations, which are often endowed by an individual or family. Nevertheless, the term "foundation" might also be adopted by organizations not primarily engaged in public grantmaking.
German submarine U-438
German submarine U-438 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

The submarine was laid down on 25 April 1940 at the Schichau-Werke yard as yard number 1480 in Danzig, launched on 6 September 1941 and commissioned on 22 November 1941 under the command of Kapitänleutnant Rudolf Franzius.

The city of Berlin adopted the submarine within the popular sponsorship programme (Patenschaftsprogramm), organising gifts and holidays for the crew and earning her the honorary name of U-438 Berlin. The U-boat served with the 8th U-Boat Flotilla for her training and later with the 9th Flotilla from 1 August 1942 to her loss on 6 May 1943. U-438 completed four patrols, sinking three ships, totalling 12,045 gross register tons (GRT) and damaging one ship totalling 5,496 GRT.

She was a member of ten wolfpacks.

Schichau-Werke
The Schichau-Werke (F. Schichau, Maschinen- und Lokomotivfabrik, Schiffswerft und Eisengießerei GmbH) was a German engineering works and shipyard based in Elbing, Germany (now Elbląg, Poland) on the Vistula Lagoon of then-East Prussia. It also had a subsidiary shipyard in nearby Danzig (now: Gdańsk, Poland). Due to the Soviet conquest of eastern Germany, Schichau moved to Bremerhaven in March 1945, and its successors continued in business until 2009.
Harcum College
Harcum College is a private associate degree-granting college in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania. It was founded in 1915 and was the first two-year college in Pennsylvania authorized to grant associate degrees.

Outline of health sciences
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to health sciences:

Health sciences – those sciences that focus on health, or health care, as core parts of their subject matter. Health sciences relate to multiple academic disciplines, including STEM disciplines and emerging patient safety disciplines (such as social care research).
Cowies Creek
Cowies Creek is a creek flowing through the northern suburbs of Geelong, Victoria, Australia. It rises in wetlands in Moorabool and debouches at Corio Quay, Corio Bay. After 1909, the Geelong Harbour Trust excavated the mouth of Cowies Creek to create Corio Quay.

Debouch
In hydrology, a debouch (or debouche) is a place where runoff from a small, confined space discharges into a larger, broader body of water. The word is derived from the French verb déboucher (French: [debuʃe]), which means "to unblock, to clear". The term also has a military usage.
Dettmann (surname)
Dettmann is a surname. People with the name include:

Julius Dettmann (1894–1945), German SS officer, deporter of Anne Frank

Henrik Dettmann (born 1958), Finnish basketball coach

Ludwig Dettmann (1865–1944), German painter

Marcel Dettmann (born 1977), German musical artist

Tim Dettmann (born 1982), German badminton player

Tim Dettmann
Tim Dettmann (born 10 May 1982) is a German badminton player. At the 2006/07 European Circuit, he won the Bulgarian and Finnish International tournaments and became the runner-up at the Poland in the mixed doubles event. He also the runner-up at the Turkey, Finnish, and Polish International tournaments in the men's doubles event. In 2011, he became the runner-up at the Estonian International tournament in the mixed doubles event partnered with Ilse Vaessen of Netherlands.
Guy Primus
Guy Primus (born July 1969), is an American entrepreneur and inventor. He is chief executive officer of Valence Enterprises, and is a member of the Board of Trustees of Southern California Public Radio. He is also the chairman emeritus of the School of Industrial and Systems Engineering advisory board at Georgia Tech.

In 2018, Primus earned a patent for his invention "Emotion-based experience feedback."

Primus was recognized by Black Enterprise as one of the most influential Black people in technology and is a 2017 Ebony Power 100 honoree. In 2013, he was named a Captain of Industry by the Institute of Industrial Engineers.

Institute of Industrial and Systems Engineers
The Institute of Industrial and Systems Engineers (IISE), formerly the Institute of Industrial Engineers, is a professional society dedicated solely to the support of the industrial engineering profession and individuals involved with improving quality and productivity.

The institute was founded in 1948 as the American Institute of Industrial Engineers. In  1981, the name was changed to Institute of Industrial Engineers in order to reflect its international membership base. The name was changed again to the present Institute of Industrial and Systems Engineers in 2016 to reflect the changing scope of engineers working with large-scale, integrated systems.

Members include both college students and professionals. IISE holds annual regional and national conferences in the United States. IISE is headquartered in the United States in Peachtree Corners, Georgia, a suburb located northeast of Atlanta.
Lake Washington (Le Sueur and Blue Earth counties, Minnesota)
Lake Washington is a lake in Le Sueur County, Minnesota and Blue Earth County, Minnesota, in the United States. The lake has a regional park, located on the northwest shore, which was acquired in two phases in 1971 and 1978. The park serves as a campgrounds area. The first structure on the lake was built in 1898. The lake has a summer camp for children on the lake, Camp Patterson, which hosts an average of 2,500 kids throughout the summer.

Lake Washington was named for President George Washington.

Campsite
Campsite, campground, and camping pitch are all related terms regarding a place used for camping (an overnight stay in an outdoor area). The usage differs between British English and American English.

In British English, a campsite is an area, usually divided into a number of camping pitches, where people can camp overnight using tents, campervans or caravans. In the US, the expression used is campground and not campsite. In American English, the term campsite generally means an area where an individual, family, group, or military unit can pitch a tent or park a camper; a campground may contain many campsites.

There are two types of campsites (US) or pitches (UK): one, a designated area with various facilities; or two, an impromptu area (as one might decide to stop while backpacking or hiking, or simply adjacent to a road through the wilderness).
Toyota–United
Toyota– Pro Cycling Team (UCI team code: TUP) was a continental professional bicycle racing team founded in 2005 by former Olympic cyclist Sean Tucker. The team was based in the  States and participated in UCI Continental Circuits races, mainly in the UCI America Tour, as well as many other races in North America. Toyota– was the only domestic team to have won a stage in Tour of California and Tour de Georgia in 2006 and 2007. The team finished second in the National Race Calendar standings for the second consecutive season.

The team has folded and no longer exists.

2006–07 UCI America Tour
The 2006–07 UCI America Tour was the third season for the UCI America Tour. The season began on 1 October 2006 with the Clásico Ciclístico Banfoandes and ended on 15 September 2007 with the Tour de Leelanau.

The points leader, based on the cumulative results of previous races, wears the UCI America Tour cycling jersey. José Serpa of Colombia was the defending champion of the 2005–06 UCI America Tour. Svein Tuft of Canada was crowned as the 2006–07 UCI America Tour champion.

Throughout the season, points are awarded to the top finishers of stages within stage races and the final general classification standings of each of the stages races and one-day events. The quality and complexity of a race also determines how many points are awarded to the top finishers, the higher the UCI rating of a race, the more points are awarded.

The UCI ratings from highest to lowest are as follows:

Multi-day events: 2.HC, 2.1 and 2.2

One-day events: 1.HC, 1.1 and 1.2
Nairaland
News9ja is a Nigerian English-language news website. Founded by Nigerian entrepreneur Oris_Aigbokhaevbolo on October 20, 2011, it is targeted primarily at Nigerian domestic residents and is the 5th most visited website in Nigeria.

It currently has over 2.9 million users with over 5.3 million topics created to date, and it is estimated that approximately 5% of Nigerian Internet users are registered on News9ja, compared to Feedcover or Facebook's 11 million Nigerian users, which corresponds to approximately 20% of the local Internet population. Registration is only necessary for posting, commenting or liking posts.

Oris Aigbokhaevbolo
Oris Aigbokhaevbolo is a Nigerian writer, critic, essayist and the winner of an All Africa Music Awards for Music/Entertainment Journalist of the Year. Since 2023, he has been a Golden Globes international voter.
Fontana del Pantheon
The Fontana del Pantheon (English: Fountain of the Pantheon) was commissioned by Pope Gregory XIII and is located in the Piazza della Rotonda, Rome, in front of the Roman Pantheon. It was designed by Giacomo Della Porta in 1575 and sculpted out of marble by Leonardo Sormani.

Giacomo della Porta
Giacomo della Porta (1533–1602) was an Italian architect and sculptor. Most likely born in Genoa or Porlezza, Italy, his work was inspired by famous Renaissance artists such as Michelangelo and Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola. He started in his career as a sculptor in his late 20s, and later transitioned into a more architectural focus. Della Porta's work on the Oratory of Santissimo Crocifisso marked the beginning of his architectural career in Rome. In 1564, he was elected as Architetto del Popolo Romano (Architect of the Roman People) and under this title he completed some of his most notable commissions, both public and private. Throughout his career, Della Porta had a tendency to carry out projects begun by other architects, or make particular additions to a project of another architect, as opposed to completing a project of his own from start to finish.
Sumathi Srinivas
Sumathi Srinivas is best known as a Social Entrepreneur and an inspirational Speaker. She is the CEO & Founder of The Twilite Group, a media house with multiple divisions. She is the managing Trustee of an NGO called Soulmates Foundation, Founder of Twilite Creations event management company, Producer of Mrs. Home Maker – a reality show for women, Founder of a business networking forum called EWC – Elite Women Club,  and the publisher, editor-in-chief of WE Magazine and Club Elite Magazine.

Motivational speaker
A motivational speaker (or inspirational speaker) is a speaker who makes speeches intended to motivate or inspire an audience. Such speakers may attempt to  challenge or transform their audiences. The speech itself is popularly known as a pep talk.

Motivational speakers can deliver speeches at schools, colleges, places of worship, companies, corporations, government agencies, conferences, trade shows, summits, community organizations, and similar environments.
Detective Erlendur series
The Inspector Erlendur Series is a popular murder mystery series featuring Reykjavík detective Erlendur Sveinsson. Written by Icelandic author Arnaldur Indriðason, the series is published in the U.S. by Minotaur Press and consists of more than a dozen novels. Mýrin (Jar City), the third book in the series, was the first to be translated into English. Mýrin was also adapted as a 2006 film entitled Jar City, starring Ingvar Eggert Sigurðsson as Erlendur.

Note: Reykjavik Nights, while written later, is a prequel to the Inspector Erlendur series (#0).

Jar City (film)
Jar City (Icelandic: Mýrin – "The Bog") is a 2006 Icelandic film written and directed by Baltasar Kormákur. It is based on Mýrin, a 2000 novel written by Arnaldur Indriðason and released in English as Jar City.

Kormákur is in the midst of producing an English-language remake, also called Jar City, which will be set in Louisiana.