hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Oren Solomon
Oren Solomon (Hebrew: אורן סולומון) is a Israel Defense Forces reserve officer with the rank of Brigadier general. He commanded the Yiftah Brigade and served as Head of Combat Operations of the Gaza Division in the reserves, including during the Israel–Hamas war.

On 7 October 2023, during the Nova music festival massacre, Solomon, acting as a civilian and alongside his son and several police officers, engaged in prolonged combat against Nukhba forces. Their actions delayed the attackers during Hamas’s assault on the festival and contributed to saving the lives of many participants.

Nukhba forces
The Nukhba forces (Arabic: قوات النخبة, romanized: Quwwāt an-Nukhba), Nukhba Force or just (Al-)Nukhba (Arabic: النخبة, lit. 'the elite'; Hebrew: הנוח׳בה, romanized: HaNukhba) is the special forces unit of Al-Qassam Brigades, the military wing of Hamas.  The term is frequently used  to refer to Hamas militants. In 2024, the usage of the word roughly corresponds to "Hamas militant" or "Hamas commando".

Israel claims the unit led the October 7 attacks on October 7, 2023, at the beginning of the Gaza war.
Raymond A. Spicer
Raymond A. Spicer is chief executive officer of the United States Naval Institute and a retired rear admiral of the United States Navy.

A surface warfare officer, Spicer served as Deputy Assistant to the President and Director of the White House Military Office from March 2007 until January 2009. After he retired from the Navy, he directed Kestrel Programs for the Intelligence Systems Group at Boeing Defense, Space & Security. He joined IBM in 2015 and ultimately led IBM Federal’s Defense and Intelligence Technology Sales team.

In August 2023, Spicer was named CEO of the Naval Institute.

Surface warfare insignia
The surface warfare insignia is a military badge of the United States Navy which is issued to U.S. Navy personnel who are trained and qualified to perform duties aboard United States surface warships. There are presently four classes of the surface warfare pin, being that of line, staff, special operations, and enlisted.  The line and enlisted surface warfare badges may be earned by United States Coast Guard personnel assigned to Navy commands.  The various badge types are as follows:
Low-impact development (UK)
Low-impact development (LID) has been defined as "development which through its low negative environmental impact either enhances or does not significantly diminish environmental quality".

The interplay between would-be developers and the UK planning authorities since the 1980s has led to a diversity of unique, locally adapted developments, often making use of natural, local and reclaimed materials in delivering highly affordable, low or zero carbon housing. These LIDs often strive to be self-sufficient in terms of waste management, energy, water and other needs.

There are numerous examples of LIDs throughout the UK, and local and national authorities have come to recognise the need for the concept to be incorporated into planning strategies.

Self-sustainability
Self-sustainability and self-sufficiency are overlapping states of being in which a person, being, or system needs little or no help from, or interaction with others. Self-sufficiency entails the self being enough (to fulfill needs), and a self-sustaining entity can maintain self-sufficiency indefinitely. These states represent types of personal or collective autonomy. A self-sufficient economy is one that requires little or no trade with the outside world and is called an autarky.
Arthropleura
Arthropleura, from Ancient Greek ἄρθρον (árthron), meaning "joint", and πλευρά (pleurá), meaning "rib", is an extinct genus of massive myriapod that lived in what is now Europe and North America around 344 to 292 million years ago, from the Viséan stage of the lower Carboniferous period to the Sakmarian stage of the lower Permian period. It was a millipede, and was capable of reaching at least 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) in length, possibly up to over 2.5 metres (8 ft 2 in), making it the largest known land arthropod of all time. Arthropleura is known from body fossils as well as trace fossils, particularly giant trackways up to 50 centimetres (20 in) wide, and potentially also large burrows. It lived in open, sparsely wooded environments near water, and may have been amphibious.

Euthycarcinoidea
Euthycarcinoidea are an enigmatic group of extinct, possibly amphibious arthropods that ranged from Cambrian to Triassic times, with the earliest known species being Apankura machu from the Cambrian and the youngest Euthycarcinus kessleri from the Middle Triassic. Fossils are known from Europe, North America, Argentina, Australia, and Antarctica.
Duri railway station
Duri Station (DU) (Indonesian: Stasiun Duri) is a railway station located in West Jakarta. It serves as the starting point and the eastern terminus of the Tangerang Line service. The station is a major transfer point for commuters to or from Tangerang. When the Jakarta Kota-Manggarai railway is disrupted, trains between Jakarta Kota and Manggarai are rerouted via Duri.

This station has one side platform and two island platforms. Platform number 1 and 2 serves Cikarang Loop Line, platform 3 and 4 serves as a stop for Soekarno–Hatta Airport Rail Link, and platform number 5 serves as both starting point and terminus for Duri-Tangerang Line (Tangerang Line). These platforms are connected by a newly built overhead bridge.

Starting from 26 December 2017, the Soekarno–Hatta Airport Rail Link service make a stop here.

Jakarta–Bogor railway
The Jakarta–Bogor railway (Indonesian: Jalur kereta api Jakarta–Bogor), is 54.81 km long railway line that connects Jakarta Kota with Bogor. This railway is one of the main line in Jakarta Greater Area.
Hundred of Strathalbyn
The Hundred of Strathalbyn is a cadastral division of the County of Hindmarsh in South Australia. It lies west of the Adelaide Hills and east of Lake Alexandrina and includes at its southwestern extremity the town of Strathalbyn. Its name is derived from that used for a sub-division granted in 1841. No definitive derivation for the subdivision of Strathalbyn name is known, but it is deemed probable that John Rankine or his brother William provided the name with the meaning given as "white valley" from the Scottish srath and albion. Mount Barker Creek forms much of the northern hundred boundary while the Bremer River forms the eastern border.

The localities of Highland Valley, Red Creek, Salem and the township of Woodchester are also within the hundred along with parts of Belvidere, Bletchley, Gemmells, Hartley, and Langhorne Creek. Parts of the Bugle Ranges, Mount Barker, Mount Barker Springs, Petwood and Wistow localities also overlap the northwestern part of the hundred.

Hartley, South Australia
Hartley is a ghost town located in South Australia, along the Bremer River on the Strathalbyn-Callington Road.

Founded in 1853 as a small rural settlement, it once boasted a Methodist church (1856), post office (opened 1869 and closed 1981), school (opened 1919 and closed 1970) and creamery. Now the town is little more than a series of ruins and farm houses.
Clinton Merriam
Clinton Merriam is the name of:

Clinton L. Merriam (1824–1900), U.S. Representative from New York

Clinton Hart Merriam (1855–1942), son of Clinton L. Merriam, American zoologist, ornithologist, entomologist and ethnographer

Clinton Hart Merriam
Clinton Hart Merriam (December 5, 1855 – March 19, 1942) was an American zoologist, mammalogist, ornithologist, entomologist, ecologist, ethnographer, geographer, naturalist and physician. He was commonly known as the "father of mammalogy," a branch of zoology referring to the study of mammals.
Aegeus (hero)
In Greek mythology, Aegeus (Ancient Greek: Αἰγεύς, romanized: Aigeús) is the eponymic hero of the phyle called the Aegeidae at Sparta. He was a son of Oeolycus, and grandson of Theras, the founder of the colony in Thera. All the Aegeïds were believed to be Cadmeans, who formed a settlement at Sparta previous to the Dorian conquest. There is only this difference in the accounts, that, according to some, Aegeus was the leader of the Cadmean colonists at Sparta, while, according to Herodotus, they received their name of Aegeids from the later Aegeus, the son of Oeolycus. There was at Sparta a heroon of Aegeus.

Theras
Theras (Ancient Greek: Θήρας) was a regent of Sparta, a son of Autesion and the brother of Aristodemos' wife Argeia, a Cadmid of Theban descent. He served as regent for his nephews Eurysthenes and Procles.

The island of Thera (now Santorini) was named for Theras who, with fellow Spartans, colonized the island.
GBU-10 Paveway II
The GBU-10 Paveway II is an American Paveway-series laser-guided bomb, based on the Mk 84 general-purpose bomb, but with laser seeking capabilities and wings for guidance. Introduced into service c. 1976, it is used today by the USAF, US Navy, US Marine Corps, Royal Australian Air Force and various NATO air forces.

General-purpose bomb
A general-purpose bomb is an air-dropped bomb intended as a compromise between blast damage, penetration, and fragmentation in explosive effect. They are designed to be effective against enemy troops, vehicles, and buildings.
Stubbington House School
Stubbington House School was founded in 1841 as a boys' preparatory school, originally located in the Hampshire village of Stubbington, around 1 mile (1.6 km) from the Solent. Stubbington House School was known by the sobriquet "the cradle of the Navy". The school was relocated to Ascot in 1962, merging with Earleywood School, and it closed in 1997.

Sobriquet
A sobriquet (/ˈsoʊ.brɪ.ˌkeɪ, ˌsoʊ.brɪ.ˈkeɪ/ SOH-brih-kay, -⁠KAY) is a descriptive nickname, sometimes assumed, but often given by another. A sobriquet is distinct from a pseudonym in that it is typically a familiar name used in place of a real name without the need for explanation; it may even become more familiar than the original name.

An example is Mohandas Gandhi, who is better known as Mahatma Gandhi ("mahatma" means "great soul" in Sanskrit).

The term sobriquet is equally applicable as a name for a person, group of people, historical event, or place. Well-known places often have sobriquets, such as New York City, often called the "Big Apple", or Rome, the "Eternal City", or Vienna, the "Golden Apple" or Paris the "City of Light".
Franco da Rocha Caipira Guitar Orchestra
The Franco da Rocha Caipira Guitar Orchestra (Portuguese: Orquestra de Viola Caipira de Franco da Rocha) is an Caipira orchestra from the city of Franco da Rocha, in São Paulo, Brazil. It was founded by music teacher Fábio "Sabiá" Miranda in 2017 with the aim of promoting the performance of Caipira guitar players.

In 2022, it was nominated for the Inezita Barroso Award, given by the Legislative Assembly of São Paulo.

Franco da Rocha
Franco da Rocha is a municipality in the state of São Paulo. It is part of the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo. The population is 156,492 (2020 est.) in an area of 132.78 km2. The suburban city is served by CPTM Line 7 (Ruby).

The municipality contains the 2,058 hectares (5,090 acres) Juqueri State Park, created in 1993.
Aleksandr Sanchik
Aleksandr Semyonovich Sanchik (Russian: Александр Семёнович Санчик; born 15 October 1966), is a Russian army officer who is currently Deputy Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation for Logistics and director of the Logistical Support of the Russian Armed Forces since November 2025. He currently holds the rank of colonel general.

Sanchik had been the chief of staff and first deputy commander of the Eastern Military District in 2023. From May 2024 to November 2025, he was the acting, then de jure Commander of the Southern Military District. Due to Russia's invasion of Ukraine, he is under sanctions from the European Union, the United Kingdom, Canada and other countries.

International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine
Following the full declaration of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, which started on 24 February 2022, institutions such as the United States, the European Union, and other Western countries introduced or significantly expanded sanctions covering Russian president Vladimir Putin, other government members and Russian citizens in general. Some Russian banks were banned from using the SWIFT international payments system. The sanctions and the boycotts of Russia and Belarus have impacted the Russian economy in various ways. Nevertheless, Russian authorities have mitigated the impact of sanctions by procuring essential goods from consumer products that are rarely subject to export restrictions, by exploiting globalized supply chains, and by turning toward trading partners who have ignored Western sanctions, such as China, India, Turkey and the UAE.
Kaiya McCullough
Kaiya June McCullough (born May 29, 1998) is an American professional soccer player who formerly played as a defender for Würzburger Kickers of the German 2. Frauen-Bundesliga. She also previously played for National Women's Soccer League (NWSL) club Washington Spirit.

2. Frauen-Bundesliga
The 2. Frauen-Bundesliga is the second league competition for women's association football in Germany. For its first 14 seasons the league was divided into two groups: Nord and Süd. The winner and the runner-up are promoted to the Bundesliga (unless they are reserve teams of Bundesliga sides); the last three places are relegated to the Regionalliga. Until the 2017–18 season, in each group, the winner was promoted and the bottom two were relegated.

The league has been played as one group of 14 teams since the 2018–19 season, with second teams of clubs being ineligible for promotion and allowed to have only three players older than 20 years.

For the 2020–21 season only, the 2. Frauen-Bundesliga was divided into two groups of 10 and nine teams each due to the relegation being suspended for the 2019–20 season as a result of COVID-19 pandemic. The two group winners were promoted to the Frauen-Bundesliga for the 2021–22 season. From the 2021–22 season, a single group was used again.
Ted C. Lewellen
Theodore "Ted" Charles Lewelllen (June 26, 1940 – April 30, 2006) was Professor of Anthropology at the University of Richmond. He received his B.A. from Alaska Methodist University, his M.A. from New York University, and his Ph.D. from the University of Colorado Boulder in 1977, with a thesis on "The Aymara in transition : economy and religion in a Peruvian peasant community".

He has done field work in Peru and Nicaragua and is the author of four books, some of which have been translated into Korean, French, Spanish, and Italian. and about 20 articles. His best known are The Anthropology of Globalization (2002), and his textbook, Political Anthropology: an Introduction, which has gone into three editions.

He served in the United States Army from 1964–1966 and was in the 11th Air Assault Division in Fort Benning, Georgia.

American Anthropologist
American Anthropologist is the flagship journal of the American Anthropological Association (AAA), published quarterly by Wiley. The "New Series" began in 1899 under an editorial board that included Franz Boas, Daniel G. Brinton, and John Wesley Powell. The current editor-in-chief is Elizabeth Chin. Dána-Ain Davis and Sameena Mulla will take over as editors-in-chief in 2027.

The journal publishes research articles from all subfields of anthropology as well as book reviews and obituaries, and includes sections on Public Anthropologies, Multimodal Anthropologies, and World Anthropologies. The journal also maintains a website with essays, virtual issues, teaching resources, and supplementary material for print articles.
Graham Virgo
Graham John Virgo KC (Hon) (born 8 June 1966) is an English legal academic, barrister and university administrator, who is Professor of English Private Law at the University of Cambridge and Master of Downing College, Cambridge. He is frequently cited in the English courts and those of other common law jurisdictions, and known for his contributions to the law of restitution and the teaching of law. He was previously Senior Pro-Vice-Chancellor at the University of Cambridge and assumed the role of Master of Downing College, Cambridge, on 1 October 2023.

Clifford Chance
Clifford Chance LLP is a British multinational law firm headquartered in London, England, and a member of the "Magic Circle", a group of leading London-based multinational law firms.

In 2022-2023 Clifford Chance was the third largest law firm headquartered in the UK by revenue, having in that period a total revenue of £2.04 billion (US$2.79 billion). In 2023 it ranked as the 13th largest law firm in the world measured by revenue.
Nadia Báez
Nadia Soledad Báez (born 26 June 1989) is a blind Argentine Paralympic swimmer who competes in international level events. She competed at the 2012 Summer Paralympics, winning  a bronze medal. She competed at the 2020 Summer Paralympics.

Para swimming
Para swimming is an adaptation of the sport of swimming for athletes with disabilities. Para swimmers compete at the Summer Paralympic Games and at other sports competitions throughout the world. The sport is governed by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC). Both men and women compete in para swimming, racing against competitors of their own gender.
Gotta Kick It Up!
Gotta Kick It Up! is a 2002 American sports comedy-drama film released as a Disney Channel Original Movie. In the United States, it debuted on July 26, 2002. It is based on a true story of a middle school dance team. The film was directed by Ramón Menéndez.

Sports film
A sports film is a film genre in which any particular sport plays a prominent role in the film's plot or acts as its central theme. It is a production in which a sport or a sports-related topic is prominently featured or is a focus of the plot. Despite this, sport is ultimately rarely the central concern of such films and sport performs primarily an allegorical role. Furthermore, sports fans are not necessarily the target demographic in such movies, but sports fans tend to maintain a high following and esteem for such movies.
Abdel Hakim Qasem
Abdel Hakim Qasem (Arabic: عبد الحكيم قاسم alternate transliteration: Abd al-Hakim Qasim) (1934–1990) is considered one of the most significant authors in Egyptian literature during the past thirty years.

Judith Caesar of the American University of Sharjah wrote that Qasem was "relatively little-known".

American University of Sharjah
The American University of Sharjah (AUS; Arabic: الجامعة الأميركية في الشارقة) is a private university in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. It was founded in 1997 by Sultan bin Muhammad Al-Qasimi, Supreme Council Member and Ruler of Sharjah. Located in University City in Sharjah, AUS has more than 5,000 students from more than 94 countries and a full-time faculty of more than 360 from 48 countries.

AUS offers 26 majors and 48 minors at the undergraduate level, as well as 16 master's degrees, and a PhD in Engineering Systems Management. The university is organized into three colleges and one school.

The university is licensed by the Commission for Academic Accreditation of the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research (UAE) in the United Arab Emirates. The American University of Sharjah is accredited in the United States by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.
Haruo Takeuchi
Haruo Takeuchi (竹内 治夫, Takeuchi Haruo) is a paralympic athlete from Japan competing mainly in category B3 javelin events.

Haruo competed in the B3 category javelin at the 1992 Summer Paralympics winning the gold medal in a Paralympic record of 49.02 metres.

1992 Summer Paralympics
The 1992 Summer Paralympics (Spanish: Juegos Paralímpicos de Verano de 1992; Catalan: Jocs Paralímpics d'estiu de 1992) were the ninth Paralympic Games to be held. They were held in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. In addition, the 1992 Paralympic Games for Persons with mental handicap were held immediately after the regular Paralympics in the Spanish capital, Madrid.
Harwood research
Harwood research refers to research in organizational psychology that took place at Harwood Manufacturing, a Virginia-based textiles manufacturer, over the course of four decades in the early to mid-Twentieth Century.

Kurt Lewin
Kurt Zadek Lewin or Kurt Tsadek Lewin (/ˈluːɪn, ləˈviːn/ LOO-in, lə-VEEN; German: [leˈviːn]; 9 September 1890 – 12 February 1947) was a German-American psychologist, known as one of the modern pioneers of social, organizational, and applied psychology in the United States. During his professional career, Lewin's academic research and writings focuses on applied research, action research, and group communication.

Lewin is often recognized as the "founder of social psychology" and was one of the first to study group dynamics and organizational development. A Review of General Psychology survey, published in 2002, ranked Lewin as the 18th-most cited psychologist of the 20th century. During his career, he was affiliated with several U.S. and European universities, including the University of Berlin, Cornell University, MIT, Stanford University, and the University of Iowa.
Frank Gaul
Francis E. Gaul (August 8, 1924 – September 15, 2013) was an American politician and football player. He was a member of the Democratic party. He was the Treasurer of Cuyahoga County, Ohio from 1976 to 1995.

Gaul started his career as a city councilman in Cleveland, Ohio, representing a predominantly Irish-Catholic ward on the west side.

Cuyahoga County, Ohio
Cuyahoga County (/ˌkaɪ.əˈhɒɡə/ KY-ə-HOG-ə or /ˌkaɪ.əˈhoʊɡə/ KY-ə-HOH-gə, see Cuyahoga River § Pronunciation) is a large urban county located in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Ohio. The county seat and most populous city is Cleveland. As of the 2020 census, its population was 1,264,817, making it the second-most populous county in the state.

Cuyahoga County is situated on the southern shore of Lake Erie, across the U.S.–Canada maritime border. The county is bisected by the Cuyahoga River, after which it was named. "Cuyahoga" is an Iroquoian word meaning "crooked river". It is the core county of the Cleveland, OH Metropolitan Statistical Area and Cleveland–Akron–Canton, OH Combined Statistical Area.
Jimmy Ridland
Alexander James Ridland (3 March 1882 – 5 November 1918) was a New Zealand rugby union player. A forward, Ridland represented Southland at a provincial level, and was a member of the New Zealand national side, the All Blacks, in 1910. He played six matches for the All Blacks including three internationals.

Ridland was born in Invercargill in 1882 to William and Margaret Ridland, both of whom were originally from the Shetland Islands. Ridland enlisted in the New Zealand Expeditionary Force in October 1917 and embarked for Britain in May 1918. He was posted to France in September 1918 and served as a rifleman with the 1st Battalion, 3rd New Zealand Rifle Brigade. He died in France on 5 November 1918 as the result of gunshot wound to the head. He was buried at the Caudry British Cemetery.

Caudry
Caudry (French pronunciation: [kodʁi]) is a commune in the Nord department in northern France. Its inhabitants are called the 'Caudrésiens'. The town is mostly known as the Capital City of French Lace (along with Calais). Caudry station has rail connections to Douai, Cambrai, Paris, Lille and Saint-Quentin.
Maranewadi
Maranewadi is a village in Mulshi taluka of Pune District in the state of Maharashtra, India.Talukas surrounding the village are Karjat taluka, Talegaon Dabhade Taluka, Mawal taluka and by Khalapur taluka. Districts closest to the village are Raigad district, Thane district, Mumbai City district and Mumbai Suburban district. Nearest railway stations around the village are  Vadgaon railway station, Begdewadi railway station, Lonavala railway station, Talegaon railway station and Kamshet railway station.

Begdewadi railway station
Begdewadi railway station is a railway station on Pune Suburban Railway line. The station is near National Highway 48 (India) on Shelarwadi.

All local trains between Pune Junction–Lonavala, Pune Junction–Talegaon, Shivaji Nagar–Lonavala, Shivaji Nagar–Talegaon stops here.

Areas of Maval taluka near this station are Shelarwadi, Ghorawadi Caves, Somatne, Shirgaon.