hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ratmalana Electoral District
Ratmalana Electoral District was an electoral district of Sri Lanka between July 1977 and February 1989. The district was named after the town of Ratmalana in Colombo District, Western Province. The 1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka introduced the proportional representation electoral system for electing members of Parliament. The existing 160 mainly single-member electoral districts were replaced with 22 multi-member electoral districts. Ratmalana electoral district was replaced by the Colombo multi-member electoral district at the 1989 general elections, the first under the PR system, though Ratmalana continues to be a polling division of the multi-member electoral district.

Constitution of Sri Lanka
The Constitution of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka (Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකා ආණ්ඩුක්‍රම ව්‍යවස්ථාව, romanized: Śrī Laṅkā āndukrama vyavasthāva, Tamil: இலங்கைச் சனநாயக சோசலிசக் குடியரசின் அரசமைப்பு, romanized: Ilaṅkaic caṉanāyaka cōcalicak kuṭiyaraciṉ aracamaippu) has been the constitution of the island nation of Sri Lanka since its original promulgation by the National State Assembly on 7 September 1978. As of October 2022 it has been formally amended 21 times.

It is Sri Lanka's second republican constitution, replacing the Sri Lankan Constitution of 1972, its third constitution since the country gained  independence within the British Commonwealth as the Dominion of Ceylon in 1948, and its fourth constitution overall.
Shearn
Shearn is an English-language surname and occasional given name. People with the name include:

Surname

Amy Shearn (born 1979), American writer

Clarence J. Shearn (1869–1953), American lawyer and judge

Harry Shearn (1892–1951), Australian politician

Nicola Shearn (born 1966), British swimmer

Tom Shearn (born 1977), American baseball player

Given name

Shearn Moody, Jr. (1933–1996), American entrepreneur

Nicola Shearn
Nicola Maria Shearn (born 14 October 1966) is a British former synchronised swimmer. She competed in both the women's solo and women's duet competitions at the 1988 Summer Olympics. She also competed for England in the 1986 Commonwealth Games where she won a silver medal in the duet event alongside Amanda Dodd.
Berlin School of Business and Innovation
Berlin School of Business and Innovation (BSBI) is a European business school run by private, for-profit education company Global University Systems in Berlin. The franchise launched in 2017 and began instructing students in 2018.

For-profit education
For-profit education (also known as the education services industry or proprietary education) refers to educational institutions operated by private, profit-seeking businesses. For-profit education is common in many parts of the world, constituting more than 70% of the higher education sector in Malaysia, Japan, South Korea, Indonesia and the Philippines.
Tornado outbreak of November 20–21, 1900
On November 20–21, 1900, the deadliest November tornado outbreak in United States history killed at least 97 people and injured more than 388 others, generating at least 14 tornadoes; many of the tornadoes were long-lived and significant (F2 or stronger on the present-day Fujita scale). The deadliest of these tornadoes, retroactively rated F4, killed 42 people in northern Mississippi and southwestern Tennessee. Another F4 hit Columbia, Tennessee, killing 27 others. A deadly F3 also claimed half a dozen or more lives in Arkansas, while another F3 in Tennessee killed a dozen more.

Columbia, Tennessee
Columbia is a city in and the county seat of Maury County, Tennessee. The population was 48,885 as of the City of Columbia's 2024 Special Census conducted by the US Census Bureau. Columbia is included in the Nashville metropolitan area.

The self-proclaimed "mule capital of the world," Columbia celebrates the city-designated Mule Day each April. Columbia and Maury County are acknowledged as the "Antebellum Homes Capital of Tennessee"; the county has more antebellum houses than any other county in the state. The city is home to one of the last two surviving residences of James Knox Polk, the 11th President of the United States; the other is the White House.
Aronimink Golf Club
Aronimink Golf Club is a private country club in the eastern United States, located in Newtown Square, Pennsylvania, a suburb west of Philadelphia. Its championship layout is consistently rated among the nation's top golf courses. Aronimink is currently ranked 78th in Golf Digest's "Greatest Courses," 44th in "Toughest Courses" and 55th in Golfweek's "Classic Courses." In 2010, Aronimink was ranked #4 among the toughest courses on the PGA Tour by Links magazine.

The club has been host to multiple USGA and PGA championships in its history. Additionally, Aronimink has indoor and outdoor tennis and paddle courts, trap shooting, three swimming pools, a fitness center and a classic Tudor clubhouse with multiple dining options.

United States Golf Association
The United States Golf Association (USGA) is the United States national association of golf courses, clubs and facilities and the governing body of golf for the U.S. and Mexico. Together with The R&A, the USGA produces and interprets the rules of golf. The USGA also provides a national handicap system for golfers, conducts 14 national championships, including the U.S. Open, U.S. Women's Open and U.S. Senior Open, and tests golf equipment for conformity with regulations. The USGA and the USGA Museum are located in Liberty Corner, New Jersey. In 2024, the USGA moved its Testing Center from Liberty Corner, New Jersey to Pinehurst, North Carolina. The Testing Center is where all golf clubs and golf balls manufactured in the United States and Mexico are tested for conformance to the Rules of Golf.
Bredevoort
Bredevoort (Low Saxon: Brevoort) is a small city with city privileges of about 1600 inhabitants in the municipality of Aalten, Netherlands. It is between the towns of Aalten and Winterswijk.

Bredevoort has presented itself as Bredevoort boekenstad (Bredevoort book town), after the examples of Hay-on-Wye in Wales and Redu in Belgium. There are now more than 20 second-hand book shops in the town.

Bredevoort was a Heerlijkheid and a separate municipality until 1818. The villages Aalten, Dinxperlo and Winterswijk included the fiefdom of Bredevoort when it became a part of Aalten in 1818.

Redu
Redu (Walloon: Ridû) is a village of Wallonia and district of the municipality of Libin, located in the province of Luxembourg, Belgium.

The village is twinned with Hay-on-Wye in the United Kingdom and was one of the first book towns.
The village was given new life by the development of the book trade in the 1980s but now faces an uncertain future with the decline in the brick-and-mortar book stores. Several of the book shops have closed and most of the others are having trouble.

The ESTRACK Redu Station for the European Space Agency is located about a kilometre away.

It has also a theme park in the nearby village of Transinne, one of the few in Europe devoted to space and astronautics, Euro Space Center.
Rocco Cattaneo
Rocco Nicola Luigi Cattaneo (born 6 December 1958) is a Swiss politician, entrepreneur and former professional road cyclist. As a politician, he served on the National Council from November 2017 to December 2023 as a member of The Liberals and he was the president of the Union Européenne de Cyclisme from 2017 until early 2021. He competed as a professional racing cyclist from 1985 to 1994.

1987 Tour de Suisse
The 1987 Tour de Suisse was the 51st edition of the Tour de Suisse cycle race and was held from 16 June to 25 June 1987. The race started in Affoltern am Albis and finished in Zürich. The race was won by Andrew Hampsten of the 7-Eleven team.
Marianów, Gmina Nowy Kawęczyn
Marianów [maˈrjanuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nowy Kawęczyn, within Skierniewice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 2 km (1 mi) north-west of Nowy Kawęczyn, 10 km (6 mi) south-east of Skierniewice, and 54 km (34 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

Skierniewice County
Skierniewice County (Polish: powiat skierniewicki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Skierniewice, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county); there are no towns within the county.

The county covers an area of 756.12 square kilometres (291.9 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 37,779.
Federal Office of Economics and Export Control
The Federal Office for Economic Affairs and Export Control (Bundesamt für Wirtschaft und Ausfuhrkontrolle, short BAFA) is a German  federal agency. The BAFA is authorised to make the final decision on whether German goods are permitted for export.

Nuclear Suppliers Group
The Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) is a multilateral export control regime and a group of nuclear supplier countries that seek to contribute to the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons through the implementation of two sets of guidelines for nuclear exports and nuclear-related exports.
McEldowney
McEldowney is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Brooke McEldowney, the creator of 9 Chickweed Lane, a print comic strip, and of Pibgorn, a webcomic

Dennis McEldowney (1926–2003), New Zealand born author and publisher

Francis McEldowney (born 1981), Irish Gaelic footballer who plays for Derry, with whom he has won a National League title

Harrison McEldowney, American choreographer known for his theatrical work

John McEldowney (law professor), Professor of Law at the University of Warwick and former World Bank visiting Fellow in the Supreme Tribunal of Justice in Venezuela

Nancy McEldowney (born 1958), United States career diplomat

Francis McEldowney
Francis McEldowney (born 24 April 1981) is a dual player of Gaelic games who plays Gaelic football for the Derry county team, with whom he won a National League title.

McEldowney plays his club football and hurling for Robert Emmet's Slaughtneil, with whom he won three Derry Senior Football Championship and Derry Senior Hurling Championship. His twin brother Fergal also played for Derry in the past.
Edward Anyamkyegh
Edward Tyover Anyamkyegh (born 10 October 1978) is a Nigerian former professional footballer who played as a forward.

Anyamkyegh played for FC Sheriff Tiraspol, FC Karpaty Lviv and Kuopion Palloseura in the top divisions of Moldova, Ukraine and Finland in 1999–2005. Anyamkyegh ended his career representing various clubs in the Finnish lower divisions in 2007–2011. He was also a member of the Nigerian squad in the 1995 FIFA U-17 World Championship scoring two goals in the group stage.

The 2004 book How Soccer Explains the World by Franklin Foer includes a chapter following Anyamkyegh's career in Ukraine.

1995 FIFA U-17 World Championship
The 1995 FIFA U-17 World Championship was the sixth edition of the FIFA U-17 World Championship which was held in the cities of Guayaquil, Portoviejo, Quito, Ibarra, Cuenca, and Riobamba in Ecuador from 3 to 20 August 1995. Players born after 1 August 1978 could participate in this tournament. Ecuador was originally to have hosted the 1991 FIFA U-17 World Championship but due to an outbreak of cholera, that tournament was moved to Italy. It was the first time Ecuador hosted a FIFA tournament.
Campagnoli
Campagnoli is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bartolomeo Campagnoli (1751–1827), Italian violinist

Edy Campagnoli (1934–1995), Italian television personality and actress

José María Campagnoli, Argentine prosecutor

Marcela Campagnoli, Argentine politician

Mauro Campagnoli, Italian anthropologist, ethnomusicologist and composer

Renato Campagnoli, Italian professional golfer

Renato Campagnoli
Renato Campagnoli (born 19 November 1943) is an Italian professional golfer. He represented Italy three times in the World Cup.

Campagnoli had a successful career on the European Seniors Tour, winning twice; in the 1995 International German PGA Seniors Championship and the 1996 De Vere Hotels Seniors Classic. He was also runner-up in the 1994 Belfast Telegraph Irish Senior Masters (in a playoff), the 1994 Shell Scottish Seniors Open, the 1997 Lawrence Batley Seniors, the 1998 Ryder Seniors Classic and The Belfry PGA Seniors Championship in 1998.
Tom Daxon
Thomas E. Daxon (December 19, 1947 – November 2, 2022) was an American businessman and politician from Oklahoma. Daxon had held numerous positions with the Oklahoma state government, including being elected Oklahoma State Auditor and Inspector in 1978 and serving as the Oklahoma Secretary of Finance and Revenue under Governor of Oklahoma Frank Keating. He was the Republican nominee for governor in the 1982 election, ultimately losing to Democratic incumbent George Nigh.

Oklahoma Republican Party
The Oklahoma Republican Party is an Oklahoma political party affiliated with the Republican Party. Along with the Oklahoma Democratic Party, it is one of the two major parties in the state.

It is currently the dominant party in the state, controlling all five of Oklahoma's U.S. House seats, both U.S. Senate seats, the governorship, and has supermajorities in both houses of the state legislature.
Men's Kuala Lumpur Open Squash Championships 2013
The Men's CIMB Kuala Lumpur Open Squash Championships 2013 was the men's edition of the 2013 Kuala Lumpur Open Squash Championships, a tournament of the PSA World Tour event International (Prize money : 50 000 $). The event took place in Kuala Lumpur in Malaysia from 28 to 31 March. Karim Darwish won his second CIMB Kuala Lumpur Open trophy, beating Mohamed El Shorbagy in the final.

Mohamed El Shorbagy
Mohamed El Shorbagy (Arabic: محمد الشوربجي, born 12 January 1991) is an English professional squash player. He represented Egypt from a young age until June 2022, when he switched to represent England. He reached a career-high world ranking of World No. 1 in November 2014, March 2018, February 2020, and again in July 2021 and was the 2017 World Squash champion.
Jack Richards (cricketer, born 1918)
John Lawson Richards (6 October 1918 – 2 November 1944) was an English first-class cricketer and British Army officer.

Born in Williton in October 1918, Richards was educated at Monmouth School and Selwyn College, Cambridge, where he played several sports, including cricket. He entered Selwyn College in 1938, where he read mathematics. Between 24 and 26 May 1939, Richards made his only first-class appearance for Cambridge against Yorkshire, in which he was bowled twice for a duck and did not gain any runs.

On 8 June 1940, seven months after the outbreak of the Second World War, Richards was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the Royal Engineers, in which he was involved in bomb disposal. During leave periods in 1941 and 1942, he appeared for Cambridge in six wartime cricket matches. Richards was killed in the Netherlands on 2 November 1944 and is buried at Jonkerbos War Cemetery.

Jonkerbos War Cemetery
The Jonkerbos War Cemetery and Memorial is located in the town of Nijmegen, Netherlands. The cemetery contains 1,643 British Commonwealth and foreign service personnel of World War II. It was built to a design by Commission architect Philip Hepworth.

On Remembrance Day 2022 (May 4) the cemetery was vandalized with swastikas and other paintings such as the Ukrainian flag and references to Azov.
Heliodoro Díaz
Heliodoro "Yoyo" Diaz (June 5, 1905 - January 1989) was a Cuban professional baseball pitcher and catcher in the Negro leagues. He played from 1922 to 1935 with the Cuban Stars (East) and the New York Cubans.

New York Cubans
The New York Cubans were a Negro league baseball team that played during the 1930s and from 1939 to 1950. Despite playing in the Negro leagues, the team occasionally employed white-skinned Hispanic baseball players as well, because Hispanic players were generally ignored by Major League Baseball teams before Jackie Robinson broke the color barrier in Major League Baseball.
Hugo Göllors
Olov Hugo Göllors (16 November 1919 – 7 February 1977) was a Swedish pole vaulter. He competed at the 1946 European Athletics Championships and 1948 Summer Olympics and finished in fifth and seventh place, respectively. He won the national title in 1942 and 1947.

1946 European Athletics Championships
The 3rd European Athletics Championships were held from 22 August to 25 August 1946 in the Bislett Stadion in Oslo, Norway. For the first time it was a combined event for men and women, and for the first time a city in Scandinavia hosted the championships.  Contemporaneous reports on the event were given in the Glasgow Herald.

Two of the women's medalists from France underwent sex change later.  Claire Brésolles became Pierre Brésolles, and Léa Caurla became Léon Caurla.
Gauri (given name)
Gauri (alternatively  Gowri or Gouri) is a given name of India. It is derived from the Sanskrit गौरी (gaurī, 'white, shining, brilliant'), which is used as an epithet of the goddess Parvati, especially in the Mahagauri manifestation.

Mahagauri
Mahagauri (Sanskrit: महागौरी, romanized: Mahāgaurī, lit. 'the great fair-complexioned one') is a form of the Hindu goddess Mahadevi, venerated as the goddess of beauty and purity. She is the eighth of the Navadurga, and is worshipped on the eighth day of Navaratri.
Moses Kamya
Moses R Kamya, is a Ugandan physician, academic, researcher and academic administrator, who serves as Professor and Chair of the Department Medicine, Makerere University School of Medicine, a component of Makerere University College of Health Sciences.

Master of Medicine
Master of Medicine (MMed, MM) is a postgraduate professional clinical degree awarded by medical schools to physicians following a period of instruction, supervised clinical rotations, and examination.

As of May 2009, the following universities in the following countries award MMed degrees leading to specialists practice in the following subjects:
Memotron
The Memotron is a virtual Mellotron,  based on digitized samples from the original keyboard's sounds. Manufactured by Manikin Electronic, it made its first appearance at the NAMM Show in 2006.

Jordan Rudess of Dream Theater used a Memotron on the band's Chaos In Motion Tour in 2007 and 2008, and can be heard playing it on the live album Chaos in Motion 2007–2008.

Rick Wakeman uses the Memotron when playing live. For the recording of the 2009 live album The Six Wives of Henry VIII Live at Hampton Court Palace, Wakeman used two Memotrons.

Tangerine Dream use two Memotrons live (2023).

NAMM Show
The NAMM Show is an annual trade show in the United States organized by the National Association of Music Merchants (NAMM), which describes it as "the industry’s largest stage, uniting the global music, sound and entertainment technology communities". It is typically held in January at the Anaheim Convention Center in Anaheim, California.
Vyshnegradsky method
The Vyshnegradsky method is for the chemical reduction of quinoline and ethylpyridine by boiling with tin and hydrochloric acid and also by treatment with sodium in alcoholic media.  It was developed by Russian chemist Vyshnegradsky in 1879.

While studying alkaloid structures, Vyshnegradsky obtained ethylpiperidine from ethylpyridine by this method. In 1884 Albert Ladenburg, a German chemist, applied the Vyshnegradsky method to the reduction of other pyridine homologs, and having somewhat modified the method of synthesizing bases, attributed this discovery to himself. The Vyshnegradsky method was extended further to include various classes of organic compounds. It was found that not only could heterocyclic bases of the pyridine or quinoline type be reduced, but also nitriles, oximes, amides, ketones, lactones, esters, halogen derivatives, certain aromatic compounds, and others.

Hydrochloric acid
Hydrochloric acid, also known as muriatic acid or spirits of salt, is an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl). It is a colorless solution with a distinctive pungent smell. It is classified as a strong acid. It is a component of the gastric acid in the digestive systems of most animal species, including humans. Hydrochloric acid is an important laboratory reagent and industrial chemical.
Retribution (play)
Retribution is an 1818 British tragedy by the writer John Dillon. It premiered at the Theatre Royal, Covent Garden in London on 1 January 1818. The original London cast included Charles Mayne Young as Veranes, King of Persia, William Macready as Chosroo, Charles Kemble as Hamed, Daniel Egerton as Abdas, William Abbot as Hafiz, Daniel Terry as Suthes, Charles Connor as Sohrab and Elizabeth O'Neill as Zimra.

William Macready
William Charles Macready (3 March 1793 – 27 April 1873) was an English stage actor. The son of Irish actor-manager William Macready the Elder he emerged as a leading West End performer during the Regency era.
31 and 33 Dee Banks, Chester
31 and 33 Dee Banks is a pair of semi-detached houses in Chester, Cheshire, England. The houses are recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building. The historical importance of the houses, in addition to their listing, is that they were designed by the Chester architect John Douglas, who lived in No. 33 for 20 years.

Semi-detached
A semi-detached house (often abbreviated to semi) is a single-family duplex dwelling that shares one common wall with its neighbour. The name distinguishes this style of construction from detached houses, with no shared walls, and terraced houses, with a shared wall on both sides. Often, semi-detached houses are built in pairs in which each house's layout is a mirror image of the other's.

Semi-detached houses are the most common property type in the United Kingdom (UK). They accounted for 32% of UK housing transactions and 32% of the English housing stock in 2008. Between 1945 and 1964, 41% of all properties built were semis. After 1980, the proportion of semis built fell to 15%.
Torn (2013 Nigerian film)
Torn is a 2013 Nigerian psychological thriller film directed by Moses Inwang and starring Joseph Benjamin, Ireti Doyle and Monalisa Chinda. It received five nominations at the 2013 Best of Nollywood Awards for categories Director of the Year, Movie of the Year, Best Edited Movie, Best Screenplay, and Best Actress in a Leading Role, but did not win any awards.

2013 Best of Nollywood Awards
The 5th Best of Nollywood Awards was held at Dome, Asaba, Delta State on 5 December 2013. Several notable  personalities like Juliet Ibrahim, Omoni Oboli and Richard Mofe Damijo were in attendance. The Dark Comedy film Confusion Na Wa won the category Movie of the Year.
The Mystery of the Disappearing Cat
Children's literature portal

Novels portal

The Mystery of the Disappearing Cat (1944) is the second in the Five Find-Outers series of children's mystery novels by Enid Blyton. It was published by Methuen and Co Ltd and follows the first book in the series, The Mystery of the Burnt Cottage. It tells of a stolen cat the group of children work to find.

Methuen Publishing
Methuen Publishing Ltd (/ˈmɛθjuən/; also known as Methuen Books) is an English publishing house.

It was founded in 1889 by Sir Algernon Methuen (1856–1924) and began publishing in London in 1892. Initially, Methuen mainly published non-fiction academic works, eventually diversifying to encourage female authors and later translated works. E. V. Lucas headed the firm from 1924 to 1938.