hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1938 United States gubernatorial elections
United States gubernatorial elections were held in 1938, in 33 states, concurrent with the House and Senate elections, on November 8, 1938. Elections took place on September 12 in Maine.

Governor Herbert H. Lehman was only able to win reelection due to the votes he received on the American Labor Party's ballot line. In New York, the governor was elected to a 4-year term for the first time, instead of a 2-year term.

Herbert H. Lehman
Herbert Henry Lehman (/ˈliːmən/ LEE-mən; March 28, 1878 – December 5, 1963) was an American financier and Democratic politician who served as the 45th and first Jewish governor of New York from 1933 to 1942 and represented New York in the United States Senate from 1949 until 1957.
Meri Aawaz Suno
Meri Aawaz Suno (transl. Listen to my Voice) is a 1981 Indian Hindi-language action thriller film, directed by  S. V. Rajendra Singh Babu, produced by G. Hanumantha Rao by Padmalaya Studios, and presented by Krishna. It stars Jeetendra, Hema Malini and Parveen Babi. The music is composed by Laxmikant-Pyarelal. The film is a remake of the Kannada movie Antha (1981).

Laxmikant–Pyarelal
Laxmikant–Pyarelal (also known as L-P) were an Indian composer duo, consisting of Laxmikant Shantaram Kudalkar (1937–1998) and Pyarelal Ramprasad Sharma (born 1940). In their career span, stretching from 1963 to 1998, they composed music for about 750 movies, working with several prominent film-makers.
Enrique García Ojeda
Enrique García Ojeda (born January 21, 1972, in Los Corrales de Buelna, Cantabria) is a Spanish rally driver, who won the 2007 Intercontinental Rally Challenge (IRC).

A regular competitor in Spanish rallies, including Rally Catalunya, Ojeda entered rounds of the first season of the IRC in 2006 as a Peugeot Sport España driver, in a Peugeot 206 S1600, with a best finish of seventh on the Ypres Rally. In 2007, Peugeot Sport España began running the Peugeot 207 S2000, which Ojeda drove to five podium finishes in the seven rounds he started, scoring points on all seven. Despite not winning an event, he was able to beat teammate Nicolas Vouilloz and the Abarth drivers to the title.

Kronos Racing and Peugeot Bel-Lux took over the running of the 207 S2000s in 2008, meaning Ojeda and Peugeot Sport España only entered two rounds, finishing fourth on Rally Príncipe de Asturias. He was able to win the Spanish Tarmac Championship. He began driving for Subaru in 2009.

Abarth
Abarth & C. S.p.A. (Italian: [ˈaːbart]) is an Italian racing- and road-car maker and performance division founded by Italo-Austrian Carlo Abarth in 1949. Abarth & C. S.p.A. is owned by Stellantis through its Italian subsidiary. Abarth's logo is a shield with a stylized scorpion on a yellow and red background, a short, wide Italian flag in the middle, and "Abarth" text on a black background.
Maurino Richton
Maurino R. Richton (August 3, 1909–April 30, 1995) was an American politician and lawyer.

Richton was born in Chicago Heights, Illinois. He graduated from Bloom High School in Chicago Heights, Illinois. Richon received his Bachelor's Degree from Northwestern University in 1933 and his law degree from John Marshall Law School in Chicago, Illinois. He also studied at University of Chicago. Richton served in the United States Army during World War II His training at Camp Ritchie in Maryland makes him one of the Ritchie Boys. He practiced law in Chicago Heights and served as the  attorney for the Chicago Heights Elementary School District No. 170. Richton served as the mayor of Chicago Heights from 1947 to 1951 and from 1963 to 1967. He then served in the Illinois House of Representatives in 1959 and 1960. Richton was a Republican. Richton died at his home in Chicago Heights, Illinois.

Chicago Heights, Illinois
Chicago Heights is a city in Cook County, Illinois, United States. The population was 27,480 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 26,533 in 2024. A southern suburb in the Chicago metropolitan area, its nicknames include "The Crossroads of the Nation" and "Da Heights”.
Arber
Arber is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Agnes Arber (1879–1960), British botanist and philosopher of biology

Edward Arber (1836–1912), British academic and writer

Edward Alexander Newell Arber,  British paleobotanist

Silvia Arber (born 1968), Swiss neurobiologist

Werner Arber (born 1929), Swiss microbiologist and geneticist

Werner Arber
Werner Arber (born 3 June 1929 in Gränichen, Aargau) is a Swiss microbiologist and geneticist. Along with American researchers Hamilton Smith and Daniel Nathans, Werner Arber shared the 1978 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the discovery of restriction endonucleases. Their work would lead to the development of recombinant DNA technology.
RcsR1 small RNA
RcsR1 (rhizobial cold and salinity stress riboregulator 1) trans-acting sRNA, formerly known as SmelC587, is a stress-related riboregulator, conserved in Sinorhizobium, Rhizobium and Agrobacterium. It contains highly conserved stem-loops involved in the interaction with several target mRNAs (PhoR, MotE, anti-σE1, GntR, FgA, TrpC).  In Sinorhizobium meliloti  RcsR1 less conserved central region is responsible for the species-specific interaction with the 5’UTR of autoinducer synthase encoding mRNA sinI.  The interaction negatively influences sinI translation.

Rhizobium
Rhizobium is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. Rhizobium species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants.

The bacteria colonize plant cells to form root nodules, where they convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia using the enzyme nitrogenase. The ammonia is shared with the host plant in the form of organic nitrogenous compounds such as glutamine or ureides. The plant, in turn, provides the bacteria with organic compounds made by photosynthesis. This mutually beneficial relationship is true of all of the rhizobia, of which the genus Rhizobium is a typical example. Rhizobium is also capable of solubilizing phosphate.
Paavo Liettu
Paavo Liettu (16 May 1905 – 4 September 1964) was a Finnish track and field athlete who competed in the 1928 Summer Olympics. He was born in Keuruu and died in Tampere.

In 1928 he finished fourth in the javelin throw competition.

Keuruu
Keuruu (Finnish: [ˈkeu̯ruː]; Swedish: Keuru) is a town and municipality of Finland. It is located in the province of Western Finland and is part of the Central Finland region. The municipality has a population of 9,088 (30 June 2025) and covers an area of 1,430.57 square kilometres (552.35 sq mi) of which 172.4 km2 (66.6 sq mi) is water. The population density is 7.22 inhabitants per square kilometre (18.7/sq mi). The town center and Haapamäki village are both the most populated places in Keuruu.

The municipality is unilingually Finnish. The municipality of Pihlajavesi was consolidated with Keuruu in 1969.

The subject of the coat of arms of Keuruu is inspired by agriculture (referenced by crossed flails) and the church trips that were once made in the area on long rowboats. The coat of arms was designed by Olof Eriksson and was adopted on 30 December 1952.
Philips Park, Prestwich
Philips Park is an area of parkland situated within the Metropolitan Borough of Bury on the boundary of Whitefield and Prestwich, in Greater Manchester. The park consists of rich woodland and grassland habitat and is home to an assortment of wildlife. Two thirds of the site was once the Philips family estate, and the remainder, known as Waterdale, is Irwell Valley land reclaimed following the demolition of two bleach and dye works. The park is a local nature reserve.

The park is also home to the Barn Countryside Centre. The visitor centre hosts many events for all ages, including willow weaving and pottery workshops, pond dipping and woodland management training courses.

M60 motorway (Great Britain)
The M60 motorway, Manchester Ring Motorway or Manchester Outer Ring Road is an orbital motorway in North West England. Built over a 40-year period, it passes through all of Greater Manchester's metropolitan boroughs except for Wigan and Bolton. Most of Manchester is encompassed within the motorway, except for the southernmost part of the city (Wythenshawe and Manchester Airport) which is served by the M56.

The M60 is 36.1 miles (58.1 km) long and was renamed the M60 in 1998, with parts of the M62, M66 and all of the M63 being amalgamated into the new route, and the circle completed in 2000. The road forms part of the unsigned Euroroutes E20 and E22 from junctions 12 to 18.

In 2008, the M60 was proposed as a cordon for congestion charging in Greater Manchester, although this was rejected in a referendum relating to the Greater Manchester Transport Innovation Fund.
Empress Eudocia
Empress Eudocia, Eudoxia or Eudokia can refer to:

Aelia Eudoxia (died 404), wife of Roman emperor Arcadius

Aelia Eudocia (c. 401–460), wife of Roman emperor Theodosius II

Licinia Eudoxia (422–493), wife of Valentinian III and Petronius Maximus

Fabia Eudokia (c. 580–612), wife of  Heraclius

Eudokia (wife of Justinian II) (fl. 7th century)

Eudokia (wife of Constantine V) (fl. 8th century)

Eudokia Dekapolitissa (fl. 9th century), wife of Michael III

Eudokia Ingerina (c. 840–c. 890), wife of Basil I

Eudokia Baïana (died 901), third wife of Leo VI

Eudokia of Arles (died 949), first wife of Romanos II, known for the Romanos Ivory

Eudokia Makrembolitissa (fl. 11th century), wife of Constantine X and Romanos IV, empress regnant in 1067 and 1071

Eudokia Ingerina
Eudokia (or Eudocia) Ingerina (Greek: Ευδοκία Ιγγερίνα, romanized: Evdokia Ingerina; c. 840 – c. 882) was a Byzantine empress as the wife of the Byzantine emperor Basil I, the mistress of his predecessor Michael III, and the mother of emperors Leo VI and Alexander, as well as the mother of Patriarch Stephen I of Constantinople.
National Center for Manufacturing Sciences
The National Center for Manufacturing Sciences (NCMS) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit cross-industry research and development consortium located in Ann Arbor, Michigan. Membership consists of a network of industry, government, non-profit organizations, and academia partners to develop, demonstrate, and transition innovative technologies efficiently, with resources minimization.

NCMS brings together project teams made up of technology providers, suppliers, and users to perform research and development (R&D). These project teams often include cross-industry participants.

501(c) organization
A 501(c) organization is a nonprofit organization in the federal law of the United States according to Internal Revenue Code (26 U.S.C. § 501(c)). Such organizations are exempt from some federal income taxes. Sections 503 through 505 set out the requirements for obtaining such exemptions. Many states refer to Section 501(c) for definitions of organizations exempt from state taxation as well. 501(c) organizations can receive unlimited contributions from individuals, corporations, and unions.

For example, a nonprofit organization may be tax-exempt under section 501(c)(3) if its primary activities are charitable, religious, educational, scientific, literary, testing for public safety, fostering amateur sports competition, or preventing cruelty to children or animals.
2013 in triathlon
This topic reveals just the World Triathlon Series events and their results for 2013.

April 6 – September 15: 2013 ITU World Triathlon Series; ends with the Grand Final in London
April 6 & 7 at  Auckland
Men's Winner:  Javier Gómez.
Women's Winner:  Anne Haug.
April 18 – 20 at  San Diego
Men's winner:  Alistair Brownlee.
Women's winner:  Gwen Jorgensen.
May 11 & 12 at  Yokohama
Men's winner:  Jonathan Brownlee.
Women's winner:  Gwen Jorgensen.
June 1 & 2 at  Madrid
Men's winner:  Jonathan Brownlee.
Women's winner:  Non Stanford.
July 6 at  Kitzbühel
Men's winner:  Alistair Brownlee.
Women's winner:  Jodie Stimpson.
July 20 & 21 at  Hamburg
Men's winner:  Jonathan Brownlee.
Women's winner:  Anne Haug.
August 24 & 25 at  Stockholm
Men's winner:  Alistair Brownlee.
Women's winner:  Gwen Jorgensen.
September 11 – 15 at  London (Grand Final)
Men's winner:  Javier Gómez.
Women's winner:  Non Stanford.

Francisco Javier Gómez Noya
Francisco Javier Gómez Noya (born 25 March 1983) is a Spanish triathlete. He is the winner of five ITU Triathlon World Championships, he holds three ITU Triathlon World Cup titles, and won the Silver medal for Spain at the 2012 Summer Olympics in men's triathlon. He has also won world titles for Ironman 70.3  and XTERRA Triathlon.

Born to Spanish immigrants (both from Galicia) in Basel, Switzerland, he returned to Spain and now lives in Pontevedra, Galicia.
Steve Parsons (rugby league)
Steve Parsons is an Australian former rugby league footballer who played in the 1990s. He played for the Gold Coast and North Sydney in the New South Wales Rugby League (NSWRL) competition, ARL and NRL competitions.

Australian Rugby League Commission
The Australian Rugby League Commission Limited (ARL), formerly the Australian Rugby Football League Limited is an Australian rugby league football competition operator.

It was founded in 1986 as the Australian Rugby Football League Limited and succeeded the Australian Rugby Football League Board of Control which had been formed in 1924. Since its inception, the ARL has administered the Australian national team and represented Australia in international rugby league matters. Prior to 1998, the code in Australia had been principally administered by individual state leagues on a domestic basis, and the ARL on a national and international basis.
Birleanna Blanks
Birleanna Blanks (born February 18, 1889 — August 12, 1968) was an entertainer and singer who had a successful stage and musical career during the early part of the Harlem Renaissance. She is known for her recording of “Mason Dixon Blues” and “Potomac River Blues” with the Fletcher Henderson Orchestra produced by Paramount Records.

Fletcher Henderson
James Fletcher Hamilton Henderson (December 18, 1897 – December 29, 1952) was an American pianist, bandleader, arranger and composer, important in the development of big band jazz and swing music. He was one of the most prolific black musical arrangers and, along with Duke Ellington, is considered one of the most influential arrangers and bandleaders in jazz history. Henderson's influence was vast. He helped bridge the gap between the Dixieland and the swing eras. He was often known as "Smack" Henderson (because of smacking sounds he made with his lips).
HMS Striker
Three ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Striker:

HMS Striker (D12) was an Attacker-class escort carrier, built as USS Prince William. She was transferred to the Royal Navy under lend-lease and was launched in 1942. She was returned to the US Navy in 1946 and sold for breaking up.

HMS Striker (L128) was a landing ship, tank launched in 1945 as LST 3516. She was renamed HMS Striker in 1947 and was sold in 1970.

HMS Striker (P285) was an Attacker-class patrol boat launched in 1983 and sold to Lebanon in 1992, being renamed Saida.

Attacker-class patrol boat
The Attacker class (also referred to as the Tracker class) is a class of patrol boats. Formerly operated by the Royal Navy and HM Customs, seven of the class are currently operated by the Lebanese Navy and two by Lebanese Customs.
Chohla Sahib
Chohla Sahib is a town and a nagar panchayat in Tarn Taran district of the Majha region of Indian state of Punjab. This town is located in Chohla Sahib development block. Chohla Sahib is a historical place in view of two sikh gurus having visited this place. The postal index number of Chohla Sahib is 143408.

Nagar panchayat
A nagar panchayat (transl. 'town council') or town panchayat or Notified Area Council (NAC) in India is a settlement in transition from rural to urban and therefore a form of an urban political unit comparable to a municipality. An urban centre with more than 12,000 and less than 40,000 inhabitants is classified as a nagar panchayat. The population requirement for a town panchayat can vary from state to state.

Such councils are formed under the panchayati raj administrative system. In census data, the abbreviation T.P. is used to indicate a "town panchayat". Tamil Nadu was the first state to introduce the panchayat town as an intermediate step between rural villages and urban local bodies (ULB). The structure and the functions of the nagar panchayat are decided by the state government.
Newspaper Proprietors Association
The Newspaper Proprietors Association was a London-based trade association.

It opposed proposed legislation in 1908 to restrict the publication of unauthorised military information. In 1912 it was a member of the Admiralty, War Office and Press Committee, the fore-runner of the D-Notice system.   Letters, or telegrams, sent to editors asking them not to carry certain stories in the interest of national security were known as "Parkers" after Ernest Parke who was then the representative of the Association on the Committee.

It opposed proposals by the BBC to produce a magazine in 1928.

Some of its records are held in the British National Archives.

Ernest Parke
Ernest Parke (26 February 1860–21 June 1944) was a political writer, editor, newspaper proprietor and local politician. In 1890, as the editor of The North London Press, he was imprisoned for libel for his reporting of the Cleveland Street scandal.
Otitoma oyamai
Otitoma oyamai is an extinct species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pseudomelatomidae, the turrids and allies.

This species used to be the type species of Thelecytharella (now considered a synonym of Otitoma).

Pseudomelatomidae
Pseudomelatomidae is a family of predatory sea snails, marine gastropods included in the superfamily Conoidea (previously Conacea) and part of the Neogastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).

In 1995 Kantor elevated the subfamily Pseudomelatominae to the status of family Pseudomelatomidae.

In 2011 Bouchet, Kantor et al. moved the Crassispirinae and Zonulispirinae and numerous genera of snails loosely called turrid snails (which at that point had been placed in the family Conidae) and placed them in the family Pseudomelatomidae.  This was based on a cladistic analysis of shell morphology, radular characteristics, anatomical characters, and a dataset of molecular sequences of three gene fragments.
Tom Hoover (drag racer)
Tom Hoover (c. 1941 – October 21, 2022) was an American gasser drag racer.

Driving a DeSoto-powered 1957 Plymouth, he won NHRA's first ever C/Gas Altered (C/GA) national title at Detroit Dragway in 1960. His winning pass was 14.33 seconds at 100.67 mph (162.01 km/h). He won no other NHRA gasser titles.
Made the move from Top Fuel to Funny Car in 1970. Won AHRA World Championships in 1976 and 1977. Won the NHRA Grandnationals in 1977.

Hoover died on October 21, 2022, at the age of 81.

Gasser (car)
A gasser is a type of hot rod originally used for drag racing. This type of car originated in United States in the late 1950s and continued until the early 1970s. In the days before Pro Stock, the A/Gas cars were the fastest stock-appearing racers around.
Vehicle registration plates of China
Vehicle registration plates in China are mandatory metal or plastic plates attached to motor vehicles in mainland China for official identification purposes. The plates are issued by the local traffic management offices, which are sub-branches of local public security bureaus, under the rules of the Ministry of Public Security.

Hong Kong and Macau, both of which are special administrative regions of China, issue their own licence plates, a legacy of when they were under British and Portuguese administration, respectively. Vehicles from Hong Kong and Macau are required to apply for licence plates, usually from Guangdong province, to travel on roads in mainland China. Vehicles from mainland China have to apply for Hong Kong licence plates or Macau licence plates to enter those territories.

Qianjiang, Chongqing
Qianjiang District (Chinese: 黔江区; pinyin: Qiánjiāng Qū) is a district in the southeastern part of Chongqing, China, bordering Hubei province to the east and northeast. While it is governed as a district, in practice Qianjiang is its own city proper far removed from the urban centre of Chongqing. Qianjiang is nicknamed "The Throat of Sichuan and Hubei" (川鄂咽喉) because it sits on the intersection of Sichuan-Hubei and Sichuan-Hunan Roads.

Qianjiang District has a permanent population of 487,281, per the 2020 Chinese census, the majority of which is ethnically Tujia. The district is also home to large Han Chinese and Miao populations, which comprise about 30% and 15% of the district's population, respectively.
Ferdinand Münz
Ferdinand Münz (1888-1969) was an Austrian chemist who first synthesized EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) at IG Farben in 1935, patented both in Germany (anonymously) and in the USA  (with his name), with the aim of producing a citric acid substitute, in order to reduce the German government's dependence on imports of chemical products from abroad. Münz noted that an aminocarboxylic acid worked much better as a chelating agent than citric acid and therefore thought that a polyaminopolycarboxylic acid would have worked even better.

In 1945 he worked closely with the future Nobel laureate Kurt Alder (1902-1958). In 1949 they published a paper together on diene synthesis and additions.

Citric acid
Citric acid is an organic compound with the formula C6H8O7. It is a colorless weak organic acid. It occurs naturally in citrus fruits. In biochemistry, it is an intermediate in the citric acid cycle, which occurs in the metabolism of all aerobic organisms.

More than two million tons of citric acid are manufactured every year. It is used widely as acidifier, flavoring, preservative, and chelating agent.

A citrate is a derivative of citric acid; that is, the salts, esters, and the polyatomic anion found in solutions and salts of citric acid. An example of the former, a salt is trisodium citrate; an ester is triethyl citrate. When citrate trianion is part of a salt, the formula of the citrate trianion is written as C6H5O3−7 or C3H5O(COO)3−3.
Epichloë disjuncta
Epichloë disjuncta is a hybrid asexual species in the fungal genus Epichloë.

A systemic and seed-transmissible grass symbiont first described in 2013, Epichloë disjuncta is a natural allopolyploid of a strain in the Epichloë typhina complex and a second unknown Epichloë ancestor.

Epichloë disjuncta is found in Europe, where it has been identified in the grass species Hordelymus europaeus.

Hordelymus
Hordelymus is a genus of European, north African, and southwest Asian plants in the grass family.

The only known species is Hordelymus europaeus, native to Europe (from Sweden + Ireland to Spain, Italy, and Russia) as well as North Africa (Algeria + Morocco) and southwestern Asia (Turkey + Caucasus). Wood-barley is a common name for H. europaeus.

formerly included

see Taeniatherum

Hordelymus asper - Taeniatherum caput-medusae

Hordelymus caput-medusae - Taeniatherum caput-medusae