hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Uniform norm
In mathematical analysis, the uniform norm (or sup norm) assigns, to real- or complex-valued bounded functions ⁠⁠ defined on a set ⁠⁠, the non-negative number

This norm is also called the supremum norm, the Chebyshev norm, the infinity norm, or, when the supremum is in fact the maximum, the max norm.  The name "uniform norm" derives from the fact that a sequence of functions ⁠⁠ converges to ⁠⁠ under the metric derived from the uniform norm if and only if ⁠⁠ converges to ⁠⁠ uniformly.

If ⁠⁠ is a continuous function on a closed and bounded interval, or more generally a compact set, then it is bounded and the supremum in the above definition is attained by the Weierstrass extreme value theorem, so we can replace the supremum by the maximum. In this case, the norm is also called the maximum norm.
In particular, if ⁠⁠ is some vector such that  in finite dimensional coordinate space, it takes the form:

This is called the -norm.

Set (mathematics)
In mathematics, a set is a collection of different things; the things are called elements or members of the set and are typically mathematical objects: numbers, symbols, points in space, lines, geometric shapes, variables, or other sets.  A set may be finite or infinite. There is a unique set with no elements, called the empty set; a set with a single element is a singleton.

Mathematics typically does not define precisely what constitutes a "set" or "collection", because such a definition would have to be in terms of something else previously defined.  Instead, sets serve as foundational objects whose behavior is described by axioms modeled on intuition about collections, and then essentially all other mathematical objects are rigorously defined in terms of sets.

Set theory studies possible axiom systems and their consequences.
Since the first half of the 20th century, ZFC (Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory with the axiom of choice) has been the axiom system most commonly used.
Lake Scugog
Lake Scugog is an artificially flooded lake in Scugog, Regional Municipality of Durham and the unitary city of Kawartha Lakes in central Ontario, Canada. It lies between the communities of Port Perry and Lindsay. The lake has been raised and lowered several times over its history. Though not technically part of the Kawartha lakes due to its shallow depths, it is often geographically linked to them. Its sole outflow, the Scugog River, connects to Sturgeon Lake. Lake Scugog is in the Great Lakes Basin and forms part of the Trent–Severn Waterway.

Kawartha Lakes
Kawartha Lakes (2021 population: 79,247) is a single-tier municipality in Central Ontario, Canada. Though structured as a single-tier municipality, Kawartha Lakes is the size of a typical Ontario county and is mostly rural. It is the second largest single-tier municipality in Ontario by land area (after Greater Sudbury).

The main population centres are the communities of Lindsay (population: 22,367), Bobcaygeon (population: 3,576), Fenelon Falls (population: 2,490), Omemee (population: 1,060) and Woodville (population: 718).
Carel du Preez
Hermanus Carel du Preez (born (1993-04-30)30 April 1993 in Hartswater, South Africa) is a South African rugby union player for the Enisei-STM in the Rugby Premier League. He can play as a number eight, a flanker or a lock.

Rugby Premier League
Rugby Premier League, also known as RPL, is a professional rugby sevens league based in India. It is organized by Rugby India, the governing body for the sport in the nation. It is the first franchise-based sevens rugby league in the world. It was founded in 2024 to boost the growth and popularity of rugby sevens. It debuted in 2025 with 6 city-based teams.
1994–95 Women's EHF Cup
The 1994–95 Women's EHF Cup was the 14th edition of the competition, running from 7 October 1994 to 7 May 1995. 1994 runner-up Debreceni VSC defeated Baekkelagets SK on away goals to become the first Hungarian club to win it. Buxtehuder SV and Slovan Duslo Sala also reached the semifinals.

Buxtehuder SV
Buxtehuder SV is a German sports club based in Buxtehude, Lower Saxony. The club is best known for its women's handball team, currently competing in the Handball-Bundesliga Frauen and 2022-23 Women's EHF European League, but also has departments for many other sports, including association football, athletics, swimming, boxing, gymnastics, and volleyball.
God Is in the House (Art Tatum album)
God Is in the House is an album by pianist Art Tatum. It is a collection of informally recorded club performances from 1940 and 1941, and was first released by Onyx Records in 1973. It won two Grammy Awards.

Oh, Lady Be Good!
"Oh, Lady Be Good!" is a 1924 song by George and Ira Gershwin.  It was introduced by Walter Catlett in the Broadway musical Lady, Be Good! written by Guy Bolton, Fred Thompson, and the Gershwin brothers and starring Fred and Adele Astaire. The song was also performed by the chorus in the film Lady Be Good (1941), although the film is unrelated to the musical.

Recordings in 1925 were by Paul Whiteman, Carl Fenton, and Cliff Edwards. A 1947 recording of the song became a hit for Ella Fitzgerald, notable for her scat solo. For her album Ella Fitzgerald Sings the George and Ira Gershwin Songbook (1959), it was sung as a ballad arranged by Nelson Riddle.
Jonny Vaughton
Jonny Vaughton is a Welsh rugby union player. His usual position was wing. He started his career at Swansea before moving on to the Ospreys, making his debut against Munster in September 2005 and going on to make 63 appearances. He was released by the Ospreys at the end of the 2009–10 season.

He competed internationally for Wales sevens at the 2006 Commonwealth Games.

Swansea RFC
Swansea Rugby Football Club is a Welsh rugby union team which plays in the Super Rygbi Cymru. The club play at St Helen's Rugby and Cricket Ground in Swansea and are also known as The Whites, in reference to their home kit colours.
Harold S. Bucquet
Harold S. Bucquet (10 April 1891 – 13 February 1946) was an English film director. He directed 26 films between 1936 and 1945. His 1937 film Torture Money won an Academy Award for the Best Short Subject (Two-Reel). His 1943 short The Last Will and Testament of Tom Smith was preserved by the Academy Film Archive in 2008.

He was born in London, England and died in Los Angeles, California. He is interred at Glendale's Forest Lawn Memorial Park Cemetery.

Academy Film Archive
The Academy Film Archive is part of the Academy Foundation, established in 1944 with the purpose of organizing and overseeing the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences' educational and cultural activities, including the preservation of motion picture history. Although the existing incarnation of the Academy Film Archive began in 1991, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences acquired its first film in 1929.
Malcolm Shaw (footballer)
Malcolm Isaiah Shaw (born 27 July 1995) is a professional football player who plays as a forward most recently for League of Ireland Premier Division club Galway United. Born in Canada, he plays for the Trinidad and Tobago national team.

Cavalry FC
Cavalry Football Club is a Canadian professional soccer club based in the Calgary metropolitan region of Alberta. The club competes at the top of the Canadian soccer league system in the Canadian Premier League, and plays their home matches at ATCO Field on the grounds of Spruce Meadows in Foothills County.

The team is managed by Tommy Wheeldon Jr. and owned by Spruce Meadows Sports & Entertainment.
John Moonan Fitzgerald
John Moonan Fitzgerald (January 20, 1923 – June 16, 2008) was an American politician and jurist.

Born in Rochester, Minnesota, Fitzgerald served in the United States Army Air Forces as a pilot during World War II. He had gone to Rochester Community College and Michigan State University. Fitzgerald received his bachelor's degree and law degrees from the University of Minnesota and practiced law in New Prague, Minnesota. He was the New Prague city attorney from 1950 to 1955. Fitzgerald served in the Minnesota House of Representatives from 1957 to 1962 as a Democrat. He served as Minnesota state district judge from 1963 until his retirement in 1993.

Rochester, Minnesota
Rochester is a city in Olmsted County, Minnesota, United States. It is the county seat. It is located along rolling bluffs on the Zumbro River's south fork in Southeast Minnesota. The population was 121,395 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 123,624 in 2024, making it the third-most populous city in Minnesota. The Rochester metropolitan area has an estimated 230,000 residents. The city is the home and birthplace of Mayo Clinic.

Rochester first developed as a stagecoach stop between Dubuque, Iowa, and Saint Paul, Minnesota. With the creation of the Mayo Clinic in 1864, Rochester became a national center for healthcare, as well as a hub for regional agriculture.  For higher education needs the University of Minnesota Rochester, Rochester Community and Technical College, and Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine are located in the city.
Braaten
Braaten is a Norwegian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Daniel Braaten (born 1982), Norwegian footballer

Oskar Braaten, (1881–1939) Norwegian novelist

Carl Braaten (1929–2023), American theologist

Kenneth Braaten (born 1974), Norwegian skier

Vegard Braaten (born 1987), Norwegian footballer

Josh Braaten (born 1977), American actor

Paul Braaten, (1876–1963) Norwegian skier

Kenneth Braaten
Kenneth Braaten (born 24 September 1974) is a Norwegian nordic combined skier who competed from 1994 to 2005. He won the 4 x 5 km team event at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano. Braaten also won two medals in the 4 x 5 km team event at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships with a gold in 2001 and a silver in 1999.
Eric LaFleur
Eric LaFleur (born March 28, 1964, in Ville Platte, Louisiana) is an American attorney and politician. A Democrat, LaFleur is a former member of the Louisiana State Senate for the 28th district, serving from 2008 until 2020. Earlier he was a member of the Louisiana House of Representatives for District 38 (Evangeline and St. Landry parishes) from 2000 to 2008. He was first elected without opposition to an open seat vacated by Dirk Deville. He was re-elected four years later in 2003 with 81 percent of the vote.

Louisiana State Senate
The Louisiana State Senate (French: Sénat d'État de Louisiane; Spanish: Senado del Estado de Luisiana) is the upper house of the Louisiana State Legislature. Senators serve four-year terms and participate in various committees.
Inoka Ranaweera
Inoka Ranaweera (born 18 February 1986) is a Sri Lankan cricketer and former One Day International (ODI) captain of the women's national team. She has played both ODIs and Twenty20 Internationals (T20Is) for Sri Lanka. In an ODI against New Zealand in November 2015, she took three wickets off the last three balls of the innings, becoming the first Sri Lankan woman to take an ODI hat-trick.

She won the Sri Lanka Cricket award for the Women's ODI Bowler of the Year in 2016 and 2017. In October 2021, she was named in Sri Lanka's team for the 2021 Women's Cricket World Cup Qualifier tournament in Zimbabwe. In January 2022, she was named in Sri Lanka's team for the 2022 Commonwealth Games Cricket Qualifier tournament in Malaysia. In July 2022, she was named in Sri Lanka's team for the cricket tournament at the 2022 Commonwealth Games in Birmingham, England. She was named in the Sri Lanka squad for the 2024 ICC Women's T20 World Cup.

New Zealand women's national cricket team
The New Zealand women's national cricket team, nicknamed the White Ferns, represents New Zealand in international women's cricket. One of eight teams competing in the ICC Women's Championship (the highest level of international women's cricket), the team is organised by New Zealand Cricket, a full member of the International Cricket Council (ICC).

New Zealand made its Test debut in 1935, against England, becoming the third team to play at that level. With Australia and England, New Zealand is one of only three teams to have participated in all ten editions of the Women's Cricket World Cup. The team has made the final of the tournament on four occasions, winning in 2000 and placing second in in 1993, 1997, and 2009. At the Women's T20 World Cup, New Zealand were champions in 2024 and runners up in 2009 and 2010.
Suffolk sandlands
The Suffolk sandlands constitute a distinct area of the English county of Suffolk. The eighteenth century topographer John Kirby identified them as lying in the hundreds of Colneis, part of Carlford, Loes, Willford, Plomesgate, Blything and Mutford and Lothingland Hundred. These were all hundreds along the Suffolk Coast which he further sub-divided into marsh, arable and heathland.

The Suffolk Farming Wildlife Advisory Group has established the Sandlands Facilitation Group to encourage a collaborative approach to enhance and increase the habitat, biodiversity and wildlife of the area, in which they include the Shotley Peninsula in the historic hundred of Samford.

Blything Hundred
Blything was a hundred of eastern Suffolk, and with an area of 87,641 acres (354.67 km2) was the largest of Suffolk's 21 hundreds.

The origins of the hundred centre on the ancient royal estate of Blythburgh, whose hall housed the hundred's central meeting place.

Listed as Blidinga in the Domesday Book, the hundred's name means "the people of the Blyth" a subgroup of the Iceni who populated the valleys of the River Blyth; the hundred corresponds closely to the drainage basin of the River Blyth together with other minor rivers. The name "Blyth" itself means 'blithe' or 'pleasant' and shares its name with a river in Northamptonshire, and one in Northumberland.
European Union reactions to the Gaza war
The Gaza war has had significant effects on some major European Union member countries and institutions, disrupting EU–Israel relations and EU–Palestine relations. Despite unanimous condemnation of the October 7 attacks, Israel's actions in Gaza since then have been increasingly criticised by EU members, with Ireland, Slovenia, and Spain being the most vocal of these countries. Conversely, Germany has continued to maintain close ties to Israel.

Nikos Christodoulides
Nikos Christodoulides (Greek: Νίκος Χριστοδουλίδης; born 6 December 1973) is a Cypriot politician, diplomat, and academic who has served as the 8th President of Cyprus since 2023. He previously served as Government Spokesman from 2014 to 2018 and Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2018 to 2022, both under his predecessor Nicos Anastasiades. A former member of the Democratic Rally, he has been an independent since the party ejected him for entering the 2023 presidential race against their chosen candidate.

Christodoulides started his career as a diplomat in 1999, also working as a lecturer and researcher at the University of Cyprus from 2007 to 2010. He then served in the second Anastasiades government until resigning in January 2022 in order to run in the presidential election, where he defeated Andreas Mavroyiannis in the run-off and assumed office on 28 February 2023. He is the first Cypriot leader to be born in Cyprus after it gained independence from Britain.
Boriss Monjaks
Boriss Monjaks (born 11 April 1970) is a former football defender from Latvia. He obtained a total number of 16 caps for the Latvia national team between 1992 and 2001, scoring no goal. His last club was Daugava Rīga, where he retired in 2002.

FK Daugava (2003)
FK Daugava Rīga was a Latvian football club, based at the Daugava Stadium in Riga. They played in the Latvian Higher League. The last manager of the team was Armands Zeiberliņš.

From the club's foundation in 2003 till 2009 the club was known as FK Jūrmala and based in the city of Jūrmala. In 2010, they changed their name to FK Jūrmala-VV, but in March 2012 the club moved to Riga, changing its name to FK Daugava Rīga.
Ben Duckett
Ben Matthew Duckett (born 17 October 1994) is an English international cricketer who plays for the England cricket team as a top-order batsman in all formats of the game. Duckett represents Nottinghamshire in domestic cricket, Birmingham Phoenix in The Hundred and Delhi Capitals in the Indian Premier League.

England Lions cricket team
The England Lions (formerly England A) cricket team is England and Wales' "second-tier" team, below the full England cricket team. It is largely intended as a way for promising young cricketers to gain experience in international cricket.
Kinton, Oregon
Kinton is an unincorporated community in Washington County, Oregon, United States. It is located near the northern shore of the Tualatin River, near the intersection of Oregon Route 210 and River Road, a major county arterial that runs northwest towards Hillsboro. Kinton is located approximately eight miles north of Newberg, six miles southwest of Beaverton, and seven miles southeast of Hillsboro. The community was once the site of a ferry (the Scholls Ferry) crossing the Tualatin River between Kinton and nearby Scholls. While the ferry has long since been replaced with a bridge, OR 210 is still known locally as Scholls Ferry Road. Kinton is in Oregon's wine country, with several notable wineries in the area.

Newberg, Oregon
Newberg is a city in Yamhill County, Oregon, United States. Located in the Portland metropolitan area, the city is home to George Fox University. As of 2023, the city population was 26,095, making it the second most populous city in the county.
Adam Rulík
Adam Rulík (born November 13, 1996) is a Czech professional ice hockey defenceman. He is currently playing for HC Baník Sokolov of the Chance Liga on loan from HC Karlovy Vary.

Rulík began playing with Karlovy Vary's academy in 2010 and made his senior debut with the team in 2017. After spending the 2018–19 season on loan at HC Stadion Litoměřice in the Chance Liga and HC Baník Sokolov in the Czech 2. liga, Rulík made his Czech Extraliga debut with Karlovy Vary, playing one game during the 2019–20 season before returning to Baník Sokolov on loan. On May 1, 2020, Baník Sokolov extended the loan of Rulík.

1st Czech Republic Hockey League
The Maxa liga is the second-highest level of professional ice hockey in the Czech Republic, after the Extraliga. It began in 1993 and is run and administered by Czech Ice Hockey Association.

Until 2015, the league was known as the 1st Czech National Hockey League. It was then known as the WSM Liga until 2018, and the Chance Liga until 2024.
Princes of Civitella-Cesi
Prince of Civitella-Cesi is an Italian title of nobility granted to Giovanni Torlonia (1755–1829) of the Torlonia family.

In exchange for the administration of finances of the Holy See with the blessing of the Pope, Giovanni Torlonia was created in 1794 a noble of the Holy Roman Empire, he bought in 1803 from the Odescalchi family the titles of Duke of Bracciano and Count of Pisciarelli (but later the Princes Odescalchi bought back their titles); in 1809 Pope Pius VII made him Marquis of Romavecchia and Turrita, and 1st Prince of Civitella Cesi (Princeps Romanus); in 1809 he was created also a Roman Patrician (with Papal confirmation of that honor on January 19, 1813) and in 1820 became Duke of Poli and Guadagnolo, with other titles. He was the builder of the Villa Torlonia in Rome.

Bracciano
Bracciano is a small town in the Italian region of Lazio, 30 kilometres (19 miles) northwest of Rome.  The town is famous for its volcanic lake (Lake Bracciano or "Sabatino", the eighth largest lake in Italy) and for a particularly well-preserved medieval castle Castello Orsini-Odescalchi.  The lake is widely used for sailing and is popular with tourists; the castle has hosted a number of events, especially weddings of actors and singers.

The town is served by an urban railway (Line FR3) which connects it with Rome (stations of Ostiense and Valle Aurelia) in about 55 minutes. Close to it lie the two medieval towns of Anguillara Sabazia and Trevignano Romano.
Texas County Courthouse
The Texas County Courthouse is the historic courthouse serving Texas County, Oklahoma, located in the city of Guymon. The building is a four-story, red-brick structure; its fourth floor once functioned as a jail. The courthouse was designed by Maurice Jaynes using classical styles and built by the Kriepke Construction Co., a prominent builder in Oklahoma, for $200,000. Opened in 1927, the courthouse received praise from local newspapers in its first decade and came to symbolize the success and growth of the Oklahoma Panhandle. On August 24, 1984, the courthouse was added to the National Register of Historic Places.

Texas County, Oklahoma
Texas County is a county located in the panhandle of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. Its county seat is Guymon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 21,384. It is the second largest county in Oklahoma, based on land area, and is named for Texas, the state that adjoins the county to its south.
Texas County comprises the Guymon, OK Micropolitan Statistical Area.
The county economy is largely based on farming and cattle production. It is one of the top-producing counties in the U.S. for wheat, cattle, and hogs. It also lies within the noted Hugoton-Panhandle natural gas field.

Being 50.6% Hispanic, Texas is also Oklahoma's only Hispanic-majority county as of 2020.
Dave Cripe (American football)
David Andrew Cripe (September 7, 1951 – June 9, 2010) was an American football coach. He served as the head football coach at McPherson College in McPherson, Kansas for three seasons, from 1981 to 1983, compiling a record of 4–22–1. Cripe also worked at the high school level as an assistant and head coach at various schools.

McPherson, Kansas
McPherson (/məkˈfɜːrsən/ mək-FUR-sən) is a city in and the county seat of McPherson County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 14,082. The city is named after Union General James Birdseye McPherson, a Civil War general. It is home to McPherson College and Central Christian College.
Werth
Werth is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexander Werth (1901–1969), Russian-British writer and journalist

Dennis Werth (born 1952), baseball first baseman and outfielder

Erik Werth, TV news producer

Henrik Werth (1881–1952), Hungarian general

Isabell Werth (born  1969), German equestrian

Jayson Werth (born 1979), American baseball outfielder

Johann von Werth (1591–1652), German general

Joseph Werth (born 1952), Bishop of Siberia and the Russian Far East

Kurt Werth (1896–1983), German children's books illustrator

Léon Werth (1878–1955), French author and art critic

Nicolas Werth (born in 1950), French historian, son of Alexander Werth

Isabell Werth
Isabell Werth (born 21 July 1969 in Issum) is a German equestrian who has competed in dressage at seven Olympic Games —1992, 1996, 2000, 2008, 2016, 2020, 2024— winning the gold medal in the team event in all seven, and one gold and six silver medals in the individual event. She stands alone in having medals from seven Olympics, or across a span of 32 years; her 14 medals are the most for any German or equestrian. She also has numerous titles in the World and European Championships and World Cups.
Cathy Farrell
Cathleen Farrell (born March 16, 1957) is an American former professional tennis player.

Farrell grew up in Dunkirk, New York and after finishing high school trained under Finnish tennis coach Rauno Suominen in Buffalo. She began competing on the international tour during the late 1970s and in 1980 featured in the singles main draw of two WTA Tour tournaments. Her career titles include the 1983 Arthur Ashe Tennis Classic held in Flushing Meadows. She is a member of both the Chautauqua Sports Hall of Fame and Buffalo Tennis Hall of Fame.

Dunkirk, New York
Dunkirk is a city in Chautauqua County, New York, United States. It was settled around 1805 and incorporated in 1880. The population was 12,743 as of the 2020 census. Dunkirk is bordered on the north by Lake Erie. It shares a border with the village of Fredonia to the south, and with the town of Dunkirk to the east and west. Dunkirk is the westernmost city in the state of New York.