hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nieuwegein
Nieuwegein (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌniu.əˈɣɛin] ⓘ) is a municipality and city in the Dutch province of Utrecht. It is bordered on the north by the city of Utrecht, the provincial capital. It is separated from Vianen to the south by the river Lek and borders on IJsselstein in the southwest and Houten in the east. Nieuwegein has 64,606 inhabitants as of 1 December 2021.

Several national sports federations are housed in Nieuwegein, including the NeVoBo (volleyball), KNZB (swimming), NBb (basketball) and KNCB (cricket).

There are three main secondary schools in the city, including the Anna van Rijn College, Oosterlicht College and the Cals College.

Royal Dutch Cricket Association
The Royal Dutch Cricket Association (Dutch: Koninklijke Nederlandse Cricket Bond; KNCB) is the governing body of cricket in the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It was formed in 1890 and received a Royal charter in 1958. The KNCB is responsible for the national men's and women's teams, and also for the various domestic competitions, including the Topklasse (Division One) and Hoofdklasse (Division Two) leagues, and the Dutch Twenty20 Cup. The KNCB has been an associate member of the International Cricket Council since 1966. It is one of the oldest national governing bodies in the sport, older than those of many full ICC members. The KNCB is also a member of the ICC Europe (succeeding the European Cricket Council), which organises the European Cricket Championship.
United Football League (1961–1964)
The United Football League was a professional American football minor league that operated between 1961 and 1964. It had eight teams, primarily based in the Midwestern United States.

The league was founded in 1961 as a minor league alternative to the National Football League (NFL) and American Football League (AFL). Based in the Midwest, it drew many of its players from the Big Ten college conference.

Among its more notable feats, it became the first football league to operate teams in both the United States and Canada when it launched the Quebec Rifles in 1964, and it revived the names of the Cleveland/Canton Bulldogs and Akron Pros, two early-era NFL teams.

After the league folded following the 1964 season, the more ambitious owners formed the new Continental Football League (COFL). The more conservative owners, who wanted to continue as a regional Midwestern bus league, broke away to form the Professional Football League of America (PFLA) in February 1965.

Cleveland Bulldogs
The Cleveland Bulldogs were a team that played in Cleveland, Ohio in the National Football League. They were originally called the Indians in 1923, not to be confused with the Cleveland Indians NFL franchise in 1922. However, after team owner Samuel Deutsch purchased the Canton Bulldogs in 1924, he merged the Canton team with his Indians and renamed his franchise the Cleveland Bulldogs. The Canton Bulldogs remained a part of the team until 1925, when they were sold back to Canton. The Cleveland Bulldogs played in the NFL until 1928 when they were relocated to Detroit and became the Detroit Wolverines. The team was later incorporated into the New York Giants in 1929. The Cleveland Bulldogs won the 1924 NFL championship.
Medullary striae of fourth ventricle
Medullary striae of fourth ventricle are a landmark of the rhomboid fossa - the floor of the fourth ventricle. They are part of the auditory system. The medullary striae are formed by crossed-over anterior internal arcuate fibers - efferents of the arcuate nucleus of medulla oblongata - as they pass laterally beneath the ependyma of the fourth ventricle to reach the contralateral cerebellum.: 445.e1  The striae pass over the dorsal aspect of the medial vestibular nucleus.: 453

The medullary striae delineate the boundary between the pons and medulla oblongata dorsally/posteriorly.: 442, 450

Rhomboid fossa
The rhomboid fossa is a rhombus-shaped depression that is the anterior part of the fourth ventricle.  Its anterior wall, formed by the back of the pons and the medulla oblongata, constitutes the floor of the fourth ventricle.

It is covered by a thin layer of grey matter continuous with that of the spinal cord; superficial to this is a thin lamina of neuroglia which constitutes the ependyma of the ventricle and supports a layer of ciliated epithelium.
Mandy Jacklin
Samanda Jacklin (née Brundle) better known as Mandy is a former English international lawn bowler.

In 1998 she represented England at the 1998 Commonwealth Games at the 1998 Commonwealth Games in Kuala Lumpur and won a bronze medal in the fours event with Norma Shaw, Catherine Anton and Shirley Page.

Under her maiden name of Mandy Brundle she won a national champion title in the fours, representing Huntingdonshire.

England at the 1998 Commonwealth Games
England competed at the 1998 Commonwealth Games in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, between 11 and 21 September 1998. England were represented by the Commonwealth Games Council for England (CGCE). England joined the Commonwealth of Nations as part of the United Kingdom in 1931. In this competition England finished second in the medals table behind Australia.
Integrated modular avionics
Integrated modular avionics (IMA) are real-time  computer network airborne systems. This network consists of a number of computing modules capable of supporting numerous applications of differing criticality levels.

In opposition to traditional federated architectures, the IMA concept proposes an integrated architecture with application software portable across an assembly of common hardware modules. An IMA architecture imposes multiple requirements on the underlying operating system.

GE Aviation Systems
GE Aviation Systems (formerly Smiths Aerospace) is an American aerospace engineering, aircraft engine and aircraft parts manufacturer.

Smiths Aerospace was formerly one of four business units of Smiths Group plc., an engineering company and constituent of the FTSE 100 share index. However, it was announced on January 15, 2007 that Smiths Group was divesting Smiths Aerospace to General Electric for US $4.8 billion. Smiths Aerospace, which was an important supplier, became an operating subsidiary of GE Aviation. This acquisition reportedly gives the combined unit the clout to resist pricing pressures from its two largest customers, Boeing Commercial Airplanes and Airbus. Analysts further assert that it will enable General Electric to acquire assets similar to those it desired in its failed bid for Honeywell in 2000. GE Aviation completed the transaction on May 4, 2007.
Plug Power
Plug Power Inc. is an American company engaged in the development of hydrogen fuel cell and electrolyzer systems that replace conventional batteries in equipment and vehicles powered by electricity. The company is headquartered in Slingerlands, New York, and has facilities in Spokane, Washington, and Rochester, New York.

Plug Power's GenDrive system integrates fuel cells manufactured by both Plug Power and Ballard Power Systems and incorporates a hydrogen storage system that allows the system to "recharge" in a matter of minutes as opposed to several hours for lead-acid batteries. It allows hydrogen-powered forklifts to run at a constant steady power. GenDrive units occupy the same space designed for conventional batteries.

Slingerlands, New York
Slingerlands is a hamlet in the town of Bethlehem, Albany County, New York, United States. It is located immediately west of Delmar and near the New Scotland town-line and south of the Albany city-limits and is thus a suburb of Albany. The Slingerlands ZIP Code (12159) includes parts of the towns of New Scotland and Guilderland.
University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna
The University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna (German: Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien - in short: VUW) was founded in 1767 as the world's third school for veterinary medicine (after Lyon and Alfort) by Milan's Ludovico Scotti, originally named k. k. Pferde-Curen- und Operationsschule (literally, "Imperial-Royal School for the Cure and Surgery of Horses"). Today, it has c. 2,800 students and c. 600 employees.

École nationale vétérinaire de Lyon
The National Veterinary School of Lyon (French: École nationale vétérinaire de Lyon or ENVL)  is a French public institution of scientific research and higher education in veterinary medicine, located in Lyon. It is operated under the supervision of the ministry of Agriculture. It is a division of VetAgro Sup.

The school was established in 1761 by Claude Bourgelat and was the world's first veterinary school.

This is one of the four schools providing veterinary education in France.

See detailed article Veterinary education in France
Jesika Malečková
Jesika Malečková (born 16 August 1994) is a Czech tennis player.

Malečková has won 11 singles and 24 doubles titles on the ITF Circuit. On 20 June 2016, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 191. On 14 July 2025, she peaked at No. 89 in the doubles rankings.

In April 2016, Malečková made her WTA Tour main-draw debut at the 2016 Katowice Open where she received entry as a lucky loser. In qualifying, she had defeated Mandy Minella and Renata Voráčová, falling short in the final round to Isabella Shinikova. In the main draw, she lost to seventh seed Tímea Babos in round one.

Mandy Minella
Mandy Carla Minella (born 22 November 1985) is a Luxembourgish politician and former professional tennis player. Having made her debut on the WTA Tour in 2001, she peaked at No. 66 in the WTA singles rankings in September 2012, and No. 47 in doubles in April 2013.

Minella won two doubles tournaments on the WTA Tour, as well as one singles title and three doubles events of WTA 125 tournaments. She also won 16 singles and ten doubles titles on the ITF Circuit.

Minella was coached by Norbert Palmier from May 2008 until 2011, and later by Tim Sommer, her husband, from October 2014 until she retired.

After her retirement in 2022, she began a career in national politics, joining the Democratic Party and being elected to the Chamber of Deputies in 2023.
Fabry–Pérot interferometer
In optics, a Fabry–Pérot interferometer (FPI), or etalon, is an optical cavity made from two parallel reflecting surfaces (i.e.: thin mirrors). Optical waves can pass through the optical cavity only when they are in resonance with it. It is named after Charles Fabry and Alfred Perot, who developed the instrument in 1899. Etalon is from the French étalon, meaning "measuring gauge" or "standard".

Etalons are widely used in telecommunications, lasers and spectroscopy to control and measure the wavelengths of light. Recent advances in fabrication technique allow the creation of very precise tunable Fabry–Pérot interferometers. The device is technically an interferometer when the distance between the two surfaces (and with it the resonance length) can be changed, and an etalon when the distance is fixed (however, the two terms are often used interchangeably).

Transmittance
Electromagnetic radiation can be affected in several ways by the medium in which it propagates.  It can be scattered, absorbed, and reflected and refracted at discontinuities in the medium.  This page is an overview of the last 3.  The transmittance of a material and any surfaces is its effectiveness in transmitting radiant energy; the fraction of the initial (incident) radiation which propagates to a location of interest (often an observation location). This may be described by the transmission coefficient.
Povington Priory
50°37′50″N 2°09′57″W﻿ / ﻿50.6305°N 2.1657°W﻿ / 50.6305; -2.1657
Povington Priory was a Benedictine priory in Tyneham, Dorset, England.

It was established as an alien priory of the Abbey of Bec. This term could mean simply an estate and does not necessarily imply the presence on the property of even a small conventual monastic house.

In England Bec possessed in the 15th century several priories, namely, St Neots, Stoke-by-Clare, Wilsford,   Steventon, Cowick,  Ogbourne,  and at some point also Blakenham Priory. St Neots Priory was particularly large.  In Wales Bec also had  Goldcliff Priory, in Monmouthshire.

The London suburb of Tooting Bec takes its name from the medieval village's having been a possession of Bec Abbey.

Wool and English ewe's milk cheese produced at Povington were shipped to the Mother House via the docks at Wareham.

Following the dissolution of the alien priories, the lands were granted to St Anthony's Hospital, North Cheam.

Goldcliff Priory
Goldcliff Priory was a Benedictine monastery in Goldcliff, near Newport, South Wales. It was established in 1113 by Robert de Chandos as a subsidiary house of the Abbey of Bec in Normandy. The priory was built on a coastal site, now the land of Hill Farm. In the 1950s, the Monmouthshire writer Hando noted the outlines of buildings visible as grass patterns or crop marks, but by the 1970s the only remaining structural element was part of a cellar in the farm house.

Royal Commission aerial photography in 2010 found evidence of the foundations of a large structure consisting of a central block with wings, measuring 37 metres (121 ft) by 11 metres (36 ft), and set adjacent to a bivallate earthwork enclosure.
Yagang Lhakhang
The Yagang Lhakhang is a Buddhist temple, located in a village on the outskirts of Mongar in eastern Bhutan. It was built in the 16th century by Sangdag, the youngest son of Pema Lingpa, a famous tertön.

The temple is known for its collection of religious treasures, masks, musical instruments, armour, ancient weapons, and xylograph blocks used for printing prayer flags and texts. The religious treasures include a statue of Gautama Buddha discovered by Pema Lingpa in Mebartso, Bumthang and a kīla made by Pema Lingpa himself. At this Lhakhang an annual three-day tshechu or ritual and Cham dance festival is held on the 8th, 9th and 10th of the fifth month of the Bhutanese lunar calendar. This festival is one of the oldest held in eastern Bhutan.

Tshechu
A tshechu (Dzongkha: ཚེས་བཅུ།, literally "tenth day") is any of the annual religious Bhutanese festivals held in each district or dzongkhag of Bhutan on the tenth day of a month of the lunar Tibetan calendar. The month depends on the place. Tshechus are religious festivals of the Drukpa Lineage of the Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism.

Tshechus are large social gatherings, which perform the function of social bonding among people of remote and spread-out villages. Large markets also congregate at the fair locations, leading to brisk commerce. The Thimphu tshechu and the Paro tshechu are among the biggest of the tshechus in terms of participation and audience.  They are related to traditions in other branches of Himalayan Buddhism, many of which have been banned in Tibet.
Drochtersen
Drochtersen (German pronunciation: [ˈdʁɔxtɐzn̩]) is a municipality in the district of Stade, in Lower Saxony (Germany). It is located 45 km Northwest of Hamburg.

It belonged to the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen. In 1648 the Prince-Archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish and from 1715 on by the Hanoverian Crown. In 1823 the Duchy was abolished and its territory became part of the Stade Region.

Bremen-Verden
Bremen-Verden, formally the Duchies of Bremen and Verden (German pronunciation: [ˈfɛɐ̯dən]; German: Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden), were two territories and immediate fiefs of the Holy Roman Empire, which emerged and gained imperial immediacy in 1180. By their original constitution they were prince-bishoprics of the Archdiocese of Bremen and Bishopric of Verden.

In 1648, both prince-bishoprics were secularised, meaning that they were transformed into hereditary monarchies by constitution, and from then on both the Duchy of Bremen and the Duchy of Verden were always ruled in personal union, initially by the royal houses of Sweden, the House of Vasa and the House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken, and later by the House of Hanover.

With the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806, Bremen-Verden's status as fiefs of imperial immediacy became void; as they had been in personal union with the neighbouring Kingdom of Hanover, they were incorporated into that state.
Edegem
Edegem (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈeːdəɣɛm] ⓘ, first mentioned as Buizegem in 1173) is a municipality located in the Belgian province of Antwerp. The municipality only comprises the town of Edegem proper. In 2021, Edegem had a total population of 22,244. The total area is 8.65 km². The old Sint-Antoniuskerk (church of Saint Anthony) is no longer open to the public. It is not sure when it was first built (some sources go back as far as the 16th century).

The absence of heavy industry makes Edegem a typical commuter town. Despite its location next to the metropolis of the city of Antwerp, Edegem is not fully urbanized.

Antwerp Province
The Antwerp Province (/ˈæntwɜːrp/; Dutch: Provincie Antwerpen [proːˈvɪnsi ˈɑntʋɛrpə(n)]; French: Province d'Anvers; German: Provinz Antwerpen), between 1815 and 1830 known as Central Brabant (Dutch: Midden-Brabant [ˌmɪdə(m)ˈbraːbɑnt], French: Brabant-Central, German: Mittel-Brabant), is the northernmost province both of the Flemish Region, also called Flanders, and of Belgium. It borders on the North Brabant province of the Netherlands to the north and the Belgian provinces of Limburg, Flemish Brabant and East Flanders. Its capital is Antwerp, which includes the Port of Antwerp, the second-largest seaport in Europe. It has an area of 2,876 km2 (1,110 sq mi), and with over 1.92 million inhabitants as of January 2024, is the country's most populous province. The province consists of three arrondissements: Antwerp, Mechelen and Turnhout. The eastern part of the province comprises the main part of the Campine region.
Niue dollar
Niue, a country in free association with New Zealand, uses only one official legal tender currency, which is the New Zealand dollar.

Before the creation of the New Zealand dollar in 1967, Niue was a user of the New Zealand pound and its very early commemorative coins of Niue were in pound or shilling increments.

Niue first began issuing coins in 1966. These have been mostly bullion and non-circulating base metal commemorative issues. They are acceptable as legal tender within Niue, though unlikely to be found anywhere on the island.

Base metal
A base metal is a common and inexpensive metal, as opposed to a precious metal such as gold or silver.  In numismatics, coins often derived their value  from the precious metal content; however, base metals have also been used in coins in the past and today.
Sievierodonetsk urban hromada
Sievierodonetsk urban hromada (Ukrainian: Сєвєродонецька міська громада) is a hromada of Ukraine, located in Sievierodonetsk Raion, Luhansk Oblast. Its administrative center is the city Sievierodonetsk.

It has an area of 712.8 square kilometres (275.2 mi2) and a population of 115,641, as of 2020.

The hromada contains 20 settlements: 1 city (Sievierodonetsk), 6 rural settlements (Borivske, Voronove, Lisna Dacha, Metolchyne, Pavlohrad, and Syrotyne), and 13 villages:

Syrotyne, Sievierodonetsk Raion, Luhansk Oblast
Syrotyne (Ukrainian: Сиротине) is a rural settlement in Sievierodonetsk Raion (district) in Luhansk Oblast of eastern Ukraine. Population: 1,520 (2022 estimate)

Until 18 July 2020, Syrotyne was located in Sievierodonetsk Municipality. The municipality was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine and the number of raions of Luhansk Oblast was reduced to eight, of which only four were controlled by the government. Sievierodonetsk Municipality was merged into Sievierodonetsk Raion.
Azaryan
Azaryan or Azarian (Armenian: Ազարյան) is an Armenian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Albert Azaryan (1929–2023), Soviet Armenian artistic gymnast

Eduard Azaryan (born 1958), Soviet Armenian artistic gymnast

Krikor Azaryan (1934–2009), Bulgarian theatre director

Mary Azarian (born 1940), American woodcut artist and children's book illustrator

Mihran Azaryan (1876–1952), Ottoman Armenian and Turkish architect

Mina Azarian (born 1959), Swedish actress

Onnik Der Azarian (1883–1935), Ottoman Armenian painter

Krikor Azaryan
Krikor Stepan Azaryan (Bulgarian: Крикор Степан Азарян; 15 March 1934 – 14 December 2009) was a Bulgarian director.

A Bulgarian Armenian, Azaryan was born in Plovdiv. He graduated from what is today the Krastyo Sarafov National Academy for Theatre and Film Arts in Sofia in 1966 and was a post-graduate student in Moscow and Saint Petersburg (then Leningrad) in the Soviet Union. He spent most of his career as a theatre director at the Theatre of the Bulgarian Army, though he has also worked for the Plovdiv Theatre, the National Theatre, the Satire Theatre and Theatre Sofia, as well as theatres in Moscow and Bitola. He has directed plays by Anton Chekhov, William Shakespeare, Nikolai Gogol, Nikolay Haytov, etc.

After spending 30 years as a professor of acting at the National Academy for Theatre and Film Arts, Azaryan left the academy to join New Bulgarian University's theatre department in 2005. Azaryan was married to poet Valentina Radinska.
Bob Gresham
Robert Clark Gresham (born July 9, 1948) is an American former professional football player who was a running back in the National Football League (NFL). He played for the New Orleans Saints, Houston Oilers, and New York Jets. He was selected in the 1971 NFL draft after playing college football for the West Virginia Mountaineers.

1971 NFL draft
The 1971 NFL draft was held January 28–29, 1971, at the Belmont Plaza Hotel in New York City, New York.  The Boston Patriots, who did not officially change their name to New England Patriots until after the draft, used the first overall pick to select quarterback Jim Plunkett, the Heisman Trophy winner. It was the first draft where the first three selections were quarterbacks (Plunkett, Archie Manning, and Dan Pastorini).

During round 17, after Falcons coach Norm Van Brocklin had yelled to his staff "Do we want the roughest, toughest s.o.b. in the draft?!", the team drafted the then-64-year-old actor John Wayne, though saying he was from "Fort Apache State" (Wayne actually played football at USC); NFL Commissioner Pete Rozelle rejected the selection.
Belgium national football team results (1980–1989)
The 1980s were the most successful decade in the existence of Belgium's national football team, as they appeared in four of the five major tournaments (European and World Championships) and also reached their best positions so far: second place at Euro 1980 and fourth place at the 1986 World Cup. Apart from their appearances at end stages, they ensured qualification for the 1990 World Cup during the last years of the decade. Overall, the balance was positive with 39 wins versus 24 losses (and 21 draws).

UEFA Euro 1980
The 1980 UEFA European Football Championship finals tournament was held in Italy. This was the sixth UEFA European Championship, which is held every four years and endorsed by UEFA. It was the first European Championship to feature eight teams in the finals, which took place between 11 and 22 June 1980. West Germany won the final 2–1 against Belgium for their second title. This was the last European Championship with a third place play-off.
Teenage Sex and Death at Camp Miasma
Teenage Sex and Death at Camp Miasma is an upcoming American slasher film written and directed by Jane Schoenbrun. It stars Hannah Einbinder and Gillian Anderson. The film is a co-production between Mubi and Plan B Entertainment, with the former handling distribution in multiple territories.

Jasmin Savoy Brown
Jasmin Savoy Brown (born March 21, 1994) is an American actress. She is known for starring in the thriller drama series Yellowjackets (2021–present) and the slasher franchise Scream (2022–present).

Brown appears in the supernatural series The Leftovers (2015–2017) and the legal drama series For the People (2018–2019), the slasher film Sound of Violence (2021), and the thriller film Missing (2023). She also plays Phin Mason / Tinkerer in the video game Spider-Man: Miles Morales (2020).