hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Percy Ashford
Christianity portal

The Ven. Percival Leonard Ashford (5 June 1927 – 11 October 1998) was Chaplain-General of Prisons from 1981 to 1985.

Ashford was educated at Kemp Welch School and Bristol University and ordained in 1955. After a curacy at St Philip and St James's church, Ilfracombe, he was Curate-in-Charge at the Church of the Good Shepherd, Aylesbury. He was Vicar of St Olaf's, Poughill, Cornwall, before his work with the Prison Service. He worked at Wormwood Scrubs, Risley Remand Centre, Durham, Wandsworth and Winchester. He was an Honorary Chaplain to the Queen from  1982 to 1997. His last post was as Vicar of Hambledon, Hampshire.

HM Prison Wandsworth
HM Prison Wandsworth is a Category B men's prison at Wandsworth in the London Borough of Wandsworth, South West London, England. It is operated by His Majesty's Prison Service and is one of the largest prisons in the UK.
Snake Range National Park
Snake Range is a national park in Central Queensland, Australia, 665 km northwest of Brisbane.  The park lies within the Nogoa River drainage basin in the Brigalow Belt bioregion. It is only accessible to the public via tracks over private land.

Snake Range was gazetted for its high scenic, biological and cultural heritage values. The land is mountainous, with weathered sandstone ridges and small gorges. There are balancing rocks, cliffs, buttresses, wind blown caves and flowing springs. No cultural survey has been undertaken, but there is evidence of cultural sites throughout the park. The Queensland Department of National Parks considers the Rubbervine, Cryptostegia grandiflora, to be a moderate threat to the ecology of the park.

Central Queensland
Central Queensland is an imprecisely defined geographical division of Queensland (a state in Australia) that centres on the eastern coast, around the Tropic of Capricorn. Its major regional centre is Rockhampton. The region extends from the Capricorn Coast west to the Central Highlands at Emerald, north to the Mackay Regional Council southern boundary, and south to Gladstone. The region is also known as Capricornia. It is one of Australia's main coal exporting regions.

At the 2011 Australian Census the region recorded a total population from the six local government areas of 233,931.
José Biriukov
José "Chechu" Biriukov Aguirregaviria (Russian: Хосе Александрович Бирюков, Khose Aleksandrovich Biryukov; born 3 February 1963) is a retired Spanish-Soviet professional basketball player. He was born in Moscow to a Russian father and a mother of Basque origin. Biriukov began playing basketball for Dynamo Moscow basketball team, before moving to Spain at the age of 20 to play for Real Madrid. He played a total of 11 seasons in Real Madrid, 22 games in the USSR national team and 67 for the Spain men's national basketball team.

He played as shooting guard and was a good three points shooter, using a particular style of shooting the ball flat to the basket. One of his most famous international games was playing the 1988 McDonald's Open against Boston Celtics.

Basques
The Basques are a Southwestern European ethnic group, characterised by the Basque language, a common culture, shared genetic ancestry to the ancient Vascones and Aquitanians, and are considered among the last remaining direct descendants of Neolithic Europeans populations in Europe. Basques are indigenous to, and primarily inhabit, an area traditionally known as the Basque Country (Basque: Euskal Herria)—a region that is located around the western end of the Pyrenees on the coast of the Bay of Biscay and straddles parts of north-central Spain and south-western France.
Charlie Watkins (footballer)
Charles Watkins (14 January 1921 – 22 February 1998) was a Scottish professional football player and manager. After starting out with Glasgow non-league club St Anthony's, he joined Rangers in 1942. Moving south with English Second Division club Luton Town in 1948, he made 239 appearances for the Bedfordshire club before retiring. Re-joining Luton in the early 1960s as part of the coaching staff, Watkins spent a short spell during the 1964–65 season as caretaker manager.

On leaving football, Charlie Watkins went on to run a newsagents for many years, with his family, in the Warden Hills area of Luton.

Warden Hill, Luton
Warden Hill is a suburb of Luton, about 3 miles (4.8 km) north of the town centre, in Bedfordshire, England. It is roughly bounded by Central Bedfordshire to the north; Enderby Road, the A6 and Weybourne Drive to the south; Birdsfoot Lane, Grasmere Road, Icknield Way, and the A6 to the west; and Warden Hill and Galley Hill to the east.
Charles E. Beach House
The Charles E. Beach House is a historic house at 18 Brightwood Lane in West Hartford, Connecticut.  Built in 1900–01, it is one of the town's finest examples of Shingle style architecture.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on August 23, 1990.

Shingle style architecture
The shingle style is an American architectural style made popular by the rise of the New England school of architecture, which eschewed the highly ornamented patterns of the Eastlake style in Queen Anne architecture. In the shingle style, English influence was combined with the renewed interest in Colonial American architecture which followed the 1876 celebration of the Centennial. The plain, shingled surfaces of colonial buildings were adopted, and their massing emulated.

Aside from being a style of design, the style also conveyed a sense of the house as continuous volume. This effect—of the building as an envelope of space, rather than a great mass, was enhanced by the visual tautness of the flat shingled surfaces, the horizontal shape of many shingle style houses, and the emphasis on horizontal continuity, both in exterior details and in the flow of spaces within the houses.
European Physical Journal H
The European Physical Journal H: Historical Perspectives on Contemporary Physics (EPJ H) is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal which focuses on the history of modern physics. It is the newest journal from the European Physical Journal series. It was first founded in the 18th century as Annales de chimie et de physique, later on re-established in 1976 as the Annales de Physique. It obtained its current title in July 2010.

EPJ H is published by Springer Science+Business Media and the editors-in-chief are Michael Eckert (Deutsches Museum München) and James D. Wells (University of Michigan).

History of physics
Physics is a branch of science in which the primary objects of study are matter and energy. These topics were discussed across many cultures in ancient times by philosophers, but they had no means to distinguish causes of natural phenomena from superstitions.

The Scientific Revolution of the 17th century, especially the discovery of the law of gravity, began a process of knowledge accumulation and specialization that gave rise to the field of physics.

Mathematical advances of the 18th century gave rise to classical mechanics, and the increased used of the experimental method led to new understanding of thermodynamics.

In the 19th century, the basic laws of electromagnetism and statistical mechanics were discovered.

At the beginning of the 20th century, physics was transformed by the discoveries of quantum mechanics, relativity, and atomic theory.

Physics today may be divided loosely into classical physics and modern physics.
Benue North-East senatorial district
Benue North-East senatorial district known as zone A within Benue State, Nigeria, covers seven local government areas which include Katsina-Ala, Logo, Ukum, Konshisha, Vandeikya, Kwande and Ushongo. There 84 electoral wards and 1,389 polling units as of 2019 election. The headquarter of Benue North-East senatorial district is Katsina-Ala. The current representative is Senator Emmanuel Udende.

Ukum
Ukum is a Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria. with Sankera as its headquatres. It has an area of 1,514 square kilometres (585 sq mi) and a population of 216,930 at the 2006 census. The biggest yam market in the world, Zaki Biam Yam Market, is located in Ukum, and Zaki Biam is also the biggest town in the local government. The federal government of Nigeria awarded contract to build the Zaki Biam Power Sub-station in 2021 located in Ukum.

The postal code of the area is 980.
2007–08 FIS Alpine Ski World Cup
The 42nd World Cup season began in October 2007 in Sölden, Austria and concluded on 15 March 2008, at the World Cup Finals in Bormio, Italy.  (The team event scheduled for the following day was canceled, due to adverse weather conditions.)

The overall champions were Bode Miller and Lindsey Vonn, both of the United States.  It was Miller's second overall title and Vonn's first, and the first for an American woman in a quarter century. The last was Tamara McKinney in 1983, which was also the last U.S. sweep as Phil Mahre won his third consecutive overall title.

Miller won the 2008 title by a margin of 111 points over runner-up Benjamin Raich of Austria, while Vonn outpaced her closest rival, Austrian Nicole Hosp, by 220 points.  Austria won the Nations Cup for the 20th consecutive season, scoring more than double the points of runner-up Switzerland.

Phil Mahre
Phillip Ferdinand Mahre (born May 10, 1957) is a former World Cup alpine ski racer. Mahre competed on the World Cup circuit from 1976 to 1984. Starting with the 1978 season, Mahre finished in the top three in the World Cup overall standings for six consecutive seasons, winning the title in the final three (1981, 1982, and 1983). His total of 27 World Cup race wins is fourth among Americans, only behind Mikaela Shiffrin, Lindsey Vonn, and Bode Miller.
Tamsin Heatley
Tamsin Heatley is a British actress. She has appeared on television programmes such as The Bill, The Young Ones, Horrid Henry, Fimbles, Tweenies, Big & Small and various other children's television shows. Her father was Norman Heatley, a biochemist who helped pioneer early penicillin research.

Norman Heatley
Norman George Heatley OBE (10 January 1911 – 5 January 2004) was an English biologist and biochemist. He was a member of the team of Oxford University scientists who developed penicillin. Heatley developed the back-extraction technique for efficiently purifying penicillin in bulk.
Jon P. Wilcox
Jon P. Wilcox (born September 5, 1936) is an American lawyer and retired judge.  He was a justice of the Wisconsin Supreme Court for 15 years, appointed by Governor Tommy G. Thompson in 1992 and leaving office in 2007.  Prior to his time on the Supreme Court, he served for 13 years as a Wisconsin Circuit Court Judge, including seven years as Chief Judge of the 6th Judicial Administrative District of Wisconsin Circuit Courts.  Earlier, he represented Green Lake and Waushara counties in the Wisconsin State Assembly as a Republican.

In the Fall of 2023, Wilcox was one of three former Wisconsin Supreme Court justices who advised Assembly speaker Robin Vos on the question of whether to impeach new justice Janet Protasiewicz.  Wilcox released his opinion to the press on October 11, 2023, saying that he "did not see that there were any impeachable offenses."

Green Lake County, Wisconsin
Green Lake County is a county located in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 19,018. Its county seat is Green Lake. In 2020, the center of population of Wisconsin was located in Green Lake County, near the city of Markesan.
2005 UCI America Tour
The 2005 UCI America Tour was the first season for the UCI America Tour. The season began on 8 January 2005 with the Vuelta al Táchira and ended on 17 September 2005 with the Univest Grand Prix.

The points leader, based on the cumulative results of previous races, wears the UCI America Tour cycling jersey. Edgardo Simón of Argentina was crowned as the 2005 UCI America Tour champion.

Throughout the season, points are awarded to the top finishers of stages within stage races and the final general classification standings of each of the stages races and one-day events. The quality and complexity of a race also determines how many points are awarded to the top finishers, the higher the UCI rating of a race, the more points are awarded.

The UCI ratings from highest to lowest are as follows:

Multi-day events: 2.HC, 2.1 and 2.2

One-day events: 1.HC, 1.1 and 1.2

Edgardo Simón
Edgardo Simón (born December 16, 1974) is an Argentine professional track and road bicycle racer. He rides for the Ironage-Colner squad, having previously competed for the Real Cycling Team on the UCI America Tour.  In 2005, Simon won the UCI America Tour. In 2010 he was granted the Konex Award Merit Diploma as one of the five best cyclist of the last decade in Argentina.

Simon competed for Argentina at the 2000 Summer Olympics in track cycling in the Men's Team Pursuit event.
Formula One engines
This article gives an outline of Formula One engines, also called Formula One power units since the hybrid era starting in 2014. Since its inception in 1947, Formula One has used a variety of engine regulations. Formulae limiting engine capacity had been used in Grand Prix racing on a regular basis since after World War I. The engine formulae are divided according to era.

Motori Moderni
Motori Moderni (Modern Engines) was a Formula One engine manufacturer from 1985 until the end of 1987. It was established in Novara by Italian engine designer Carlo Chiti.

Chiti, a former Ferrari, Automobili Turismo e Sport and Alfa Romeo Formula One chief designer, founded Motori Moderni with the idea of supplying custom turbocharged V6 engines, also known as Tipo 615-90, to Formula One teams. The engines were used by Minardi in Formula One from 1985 to 1987 and by AGS in 1986.
Small Hours
Small Hours was the late night radio show hosted by Donal Dineen on Today FM. It commenced broadcasting in 2004, following the seven-year tenure of Here Comes the Night. It is Dineen's second radio show on Today FM, airing Monday – Thursday, 00:00 – 02:00.

On 30 December 2007, The Small Hours had a two-hour radio special broadcast from the living room of David Gray's London home, where Gray and Liam Ó Maonlaí traded songs and stories on the piano and acoustic guitar, "intermittently picking their Desert Island discs for Dineen to spin". Dineen is largely credited with breaking Gray in Ireland.

In recent years, the Small Hours has ended and been replaced by the Midnight Chill, an hour devoted to playing a mixture of chill-out songs that have been released in recent years.

David Gray (British musician)
David Peter Gray (born 13 June 1968) is a British singer-songwriter. Having released his debut album in 1993, he received worldwide attention with White Ladder five years later, particularly for the hit single "Babylon". White Ladder was the first of three chart-toppers in six years for Gray in the UK, where it became the fifth best-selling album of the 2000s. In 2019, it was ranked as the UK's tenth best-selling album of the 21st century. Gray reached the US Top 20 with five successive albums, and has received four Brit Award nominations, including two nominations for Best British Male.
Pierriá Henry
Pierriá Henry (born January 20, 1993) is a professional basketball player with dual American and Senegalese nationality. He played college basketball for the University of North Carolina at Charlotte before playing professionally in Georgia, Germany, Israel, Spain, Turkey and Russia. He last played for Saski Baskonia of the Spanish Liga ACB and the EuroLeague. He won a bronze medal at the FIBA AfroBasket 2021 tournament as part of the Senegal national team.

Henry is currently serving a four-year ban set to expire in January 2027 for an anti-doping rule violation.

University of North Carolina at Charlotte
The University of North Carolina at Charlotte (UNC Charlotte, or simply Charlotte) is a public research university in Charlotte, North Carolina, United States. UNC Charlotte offers 24 doctoral, 66 master's, and 79 bachelor's degree programs through nine colleges. It is classified among "R1: Very High Research Spending and Doctorate Production."

The university experienced rapid enrollment growth in the late 2000s and early-mid 2010s when it was the fastest-growing institution in the UNC System.

It has two campuses: the Main Campus, located in University City, and the Center City Campus in Uptown Charlotte. The main campus sits on 1,000 wooded acres with approximately 85 buildings about 8 miles (13 km) from Uptown Charlotte.
Nicht von schlechten Eltern
Nicht von schlechten Eltern (English: Not From Bad Parents) is a German television series produced by Radio Bremen and TV60Filmproduktion from 1993-1998. The TV series ran for 3 seasons, totalling 39 episodes. The series was filmed in Bremen, Achim, Brake, and Wilhelmshaven.

The TV series revolves around the family life of the Schefers after they move house from Dobersdorf to Bremen.

Wilhelmshaven
Wilhelmshaven (German pronunciation: [ˌvɪlhɛlmsˈhaːfn̩] ⓘ, lit. 'Wilhelm's Harbour'; Northern Low Saxon: Willemshaven) is a coastal town in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated on the western side of the Jade Bight, a bay of the North Sea, and has a population of 76,089. Wilhelmshaven is the centre of the "Jade Buse" business region (which has around 330,000 inhabitants) and is Germany's main military port.

The adjacent Lower Saxony Wadden Sea National Park (part of the Wattenmeer UNESCO World Natural Heritage Site) provides the basis for the major tourism industry in the region.
The X-Files: I Want to Believe (soundtrack)
The X-Files: I Want to Believe – Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is an original film score composed and performed by Mark Snow for the motion picture The X-Files: I Want to Believe. It contains a remixed version of the theme tune by Unkle and one hip hop version by Xzibit.

Mark Snow
Mark Snow (born Martin Fulterman; August 26, 1946 – July 4, 2025) was an American composer for film and television. He was perhaps best known for composing the theme for The X-Files, and would compose for the show's initial nine-season run from 1993 to 2001. He would return for the show's revival from 2015 to 2018. Additionally, he composed the score for the two feature films and the short-lived spinoff series The Lone Gunmen.

In addition to The X-Files, Snow would serve as composer for shows including Smallville, Blue Bloods, Ghost Whisperer, Hart to Hart, Millennium, One Tree Hill, the 2002 revival of The Twilight Zone and Starsky & Hutch.
Muellerilepis
Muellerilepis is an extinct genus of conodonts.

The name is a tribute to German paleontologist Klaus J. Müller (1923-2010). It is a replacement generic name for Muellerina Bardashev et Bardasheva, 2012. which is preoccupied.

Muellerina idrisovi is from the Middle Devonian (Givetian) of Tajikistan.

Givetian
The Givetian is one of two faunal stages in the Middle Devonian Period. It lasted from 387.95 million years ago to 382.31  million years ago. It was preceded by the Eifelian Stage and followed by the Frasnian Stage. It is named after the town of Givet in France. The oldest forests occurred during the late Givetian. The lower GSSP is located at Jebel Mech Irdane, Tafilalt, Morocco.
Orobiae
Orobiae or Orobiai (Ancient Greek: Ὀρόβιαι) was a town on the western coast of ancient Euboea, between Aedepsus and Aegae, which possessed an oracle of Apollo Selinuntius. The town was partly destroyed by an earthquake and an inundation of the sea in the 426 BC Malian Gulf tsunami. This town seems to be the one mentioned by Stephanus of Byzantium under the name of Orope (Ὀρόπη), who describes it as "a city of Euboea, having a very renowned temple of Apollo."

Its site is located near the modern village of Rovies.

Stephanus of Byzantium
Stephanus or Stephen of Byzantium (Latin: Stephanus Byzantinus; Ancient Greek: Στέφανος Βυζάντιος, Stéphanos Byzántios; fl. 6th century AD) was an Eastern Roman grammarian and the author of an important geographical dictionary entitled Ethnica (Ἐθνικά). Only meagre fragments of the dictionary survive, but the epitome is extant, compiled by one Hermolaus, not otherwise identified.
1970s in Japan
In Japan during the 1970s, the economy was hit by the oil shock and the Nixon shock. Energy consumption dropped and industrial production increased. During the 1970s energy crisis, Japan introduced energy-saving measures and became a hub of miniaturization. The women's liberation movement in Japan, known as ũman ribu, began to gain momentum with feminist groups starting to form in 1970.

In November 1973, a tissue shortage in Japan was reported by news agencies.

Nixon shock
The Nixon shock was the effect of a series of economic measures, including wage and price freezes, surcharges on imports, and the unilateral cancellation of the direct international convertibility of the United States dollar to gold, taken by United States president Richard Nixon on August 15, 1971, in response to increasing inflation and threats of a currency crisis.

Although Nixon's actions did not formally abolish the existing Bretton Woods system of international financial exchange, the suspension of one of its key components effectively rendered the Bretton Woods system inoperative. While Nixon publicly stated his intention to resume direct convertibility of the dollar after reforms to the Bretton Woods system had been implemented, all attempts at reform proved unsuccessful, effectively converting the U.S. dollar into a fiat currency. By 1973, the floating exchange rate regime de facto replaced the Bretton Woods system for other global currencies.
Nabalus
Nabalus is a genus of Asian and North American flowering plants in the tribe Cichorieae within the family Asteraceae.

Nabalus is now considered the correct name for a group of plants in North America that were formerly considered to be members of Prenanthes, and were included in that genus in the Flora of North America treatment.  Common names for the genus include "rattlesnake root" and "white lettuce." The latter reflects its close relationship to lettuce (Lactuca sativa) but having flowers that are whitish or purplish-white in some species.  Many (perhaps all) of the species are monocarpic perennials, in which an individual plant may live for multiple years in a vegetative condition but then will die after flowering and fruiting.

Flora of North America
The Flora of North America North of Mexico (usually referred to as FNA) is a multivolume work describing the native plants and naturalized plants of North America, including the United States, Canada, St. Pierre and Miquelon, and Greenland. It includes bryophytes and vascular plants. All taxa are described and included in dichotomous keys, distributions of all species and infraspecific taxa are mapped, and about 20% of species are illustrated with line drawings prepared specifically for FNA. It is expected to fill 30 volumes when completed and will be the first work to treat all of the known flora north of Mexico; in 2015 it was expected that the series would conclude in 2017. Twenty-four of the volumes have been published as of 2024.

Soon after publication, the contents are made available online.

FNA is a collaboration of about 1,000 authors, artists, reviewers, and editors from throughout the world.
T'uru Pampa
T'uru Pampa (Quechua for polished, slippery, also spelled Thuru Pampa) is a mountain in the Bolivian Andes which reaches a height of approximately 3,420 m (11,220 ft). It is located in the Chuquisaca Department, Azurduy Province, Tarvita Municipality. T'uru Pampa lies at the Rumi Jich'asqa River, southwest of Llusk'a.

Azurduy Province
Azurduy Province (full official name: Província de Juana Azurduy de Padilla) is a province in the Chuquisaca Department in Bolivia. Its seat is the town of Azurduy. It was named in honor of revolutionary guerrilla Juana Azurduy de Padilla.  In the 2024 census it had a population of 24,331.