hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Griposia aprilina
Griposia aprilina, also known as the merveille du jour, is a moth of the family Noctuidae, found in Asia and Europe. The species was first described by the Swedish taxonomist Carl Linnaeus in his 1758 10th edition of Systema Naturae.

10th edition of Systema Naturae
The 10th edition of Systema Naturae (Latin; the English title is A General System of Nature) is a book written by Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus and published in two volumes in 1758 and 1759, which marks the starting point of zoological nomenclature. In it, Linnaeus introduced binomial nomenclature for animals, something he had already done for plants in his 1753 publication of Species Plantarum.
German Ferry Road
The Deutsche Fährstraße (German Ferry Street), established in May 2004, is a theme route similar to the American National Scenic Byways. It connects various places between Bremervörde and Kiel with relation to the history of ferries and crossing of rivers, like the historic transporter bridges in Rendsburg and Osten.

It is 250 km long and connects 50 bridges, sluices, barrages and ferries and demonstrates all variations of methods crossing water. It contains parts of the rivers Oste, Elbe, the Kiel Canal and the Bay of Kiel.

National Scenic Byway
A National Scenic Byway is a road recognized by the United States Department of Transportation (USDOT) for one or more of six "intrinsic qualities": archeological, cultural, historic, natural, recreational, and scenic. The program was established by Congress in 1991 to preserve and protect the nation's scenic but often less-traveled roads and promote tourism and economic development. The National Scenic Byways Program (NSBP) is administered by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA).

Some scenic byways are designated All-American Roads, which must meet two out of the six intrinsic qualities. The designation means they have features that do not exist elsewhere in the United States and are unique and important enough to be tourist destinations unto themselves. As of January 21, 2021, there are 184 National Scenic Byways located in 48 states (all except Hawaii and Texas).
German submarine U-234
German submarine U-234 was a Type XB U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II, she was commanded by Kapitänleutnant Johann-Heinrich Fehler. Her first and only mission into enemy or contested territory consisted of the attempted delivery of uranium oxide and German advanced weapons technology to the Empire of Japan. After receiving the order of Hitler's successor Admiral Dönitz to surface and surrender and of Germany's unconditional surrender, the submarine's crew surrendered to the United States on 14 May 1945.

Portsmouth Naval Shipyard
The Portsmouth Naval Shipyard (PNS), often called the Portsmouth Navy Yard, is a United States Navy shipyard on Seavey's Island in Kittery, Maine, bordering Portsmouth, New Hampshire. The naval yard lies along the southern boundary of Maine on the Piscataqua River.

Founded on June 12, 1800, PNS is the U.S. Navy's oldest continuously operating shipyard. Today, most of its work concerns the overhaul, repair, and modernization of submarines.

As of November 2021, the shipyard employed more than 6,500 federal employees. Some of the work is performed by private corporations: Delphinius Engineering of Eddystone, Pennsylvania; Oceaneering International of Chesapeake, Virginia; Orbis Sibro of Mount Pleasant, South Carolina; and Q.E.D. Systems Inc. of Virginia Beach, Virginia.
Sanwin makin
Sanwin makin (Burmese: ဆနွင်းမကင်း; pronounced [sʰənwɪ́ɴməkɪ́ɴ], also spelt sa-nwin-ma-kin) is a traditional Burmese dessert or mont, popularly served during traditional donation feasts, satuditha feasts, and as a street snack. The dessert bears resemblance to desserts in neighboring India, where it is called sooji halwa, and Thailand, where it is called khanom mo kaeng.

The most popular form of the dessert, known as shwegyi sanwin makin (ရွှေချီဆနွင်းမကင်း) or shwegyi mont (ရွှေချီဆနွင်းမုန့်), principally uses semolina, condensed milk, butter, coconut milk, poppy seeds. Some recipes call for eggs, cashew nuts, and raisins. In recent years, semolina has been substituted with other starches to create variations such as potato sanwin makin (အာလူးဆနွင်းမကင်း) and banana sanwin makin (ငှက်ပျောဆနွင်းမကင်း).

Poppy seed
Poppy seed is an oilseed obtained from the poppy plant (Papaver somniferum). The tiny, kidney-shaped seeds have been harvested from dried seed pods by various civilizations for thousands of years. It is still widely used in many countries, especially in Central Europe and South Asia, where it is legally grown, used in food products and sold in shops. The seeds are used whole or ground into meal as an ingredient in many foods – especially in pastry and bread – and they are pressed to yield poppyseed oil.
The Reluctant Shaman
"The Reluctant Shaman" is a  contemporary fantasy story by American writer L. Sprague de Camp. It was first published in the magazine Thrilling Wonder Stories for April 1947. It first appeared in book form in the collection The Reluctant Shaman and Other Fantastic Tales (Pyramid, 1970); it later appeared in the magazine Science Fiction Yearbook no. 5 (Popular Library, Inc., 1971) and the collection The Best of L. Sprague de Camp (Doubleday, 1978). The story has been translated into French and German.

Contemporary fantasy
Contemporary fantasy is a subgenre of fantasy set in the present day. It is perhaps most popular for its subgenres, occult detective fiction, urban fantasy, low fantasy, supernatural fiction and paranormal fiction. Several authors note that in contemporary fantasy, magical or fantastic elements are separate or secret from the mundane world.
Magdalena de Kino
Magdalena de Kino (Spanish pronunciation: [maɣðaˈlena ðe ˈkino] ⓘ) is a city, part of the surrounding municipality of the same name, located in the Mexican state of Sonora covering approximately 560 square miles (1,460 square kilometers). According to the 2005 census, the city's population was 23,101, and the municipality's was 25,500. Magdalena de Kino is in the northern section of Sonora 50 miles (80 kilometers) from the Mexico-U.S. border. To the north the municipality abuts Nogales; to the south, the municipality of Santa Ana; to the east, Ímuris and Cucurpe; and to the west, the municipalities of Tubutama and Sáric. Its main sectors include San Ignacio, San Isidro, Tacicuri, and Sásabe. The city was named after the pioneer Roman Catholic missionary and explorer, Father Eusebio Francisco Kino, who worked in the area, as well as in the present-day US state of Arizona.

Nogales, Sonora
Nogales (Spanish pronunciation: [eˈɾoj.ka noˈɣa.les]), also known formally as Heroica Nogales, is a city in the Mexican state of Sonora. It is located in the north of the state on the U.S. border, and is abutted on its north by the city of Nogales, Arizona. It serves as the seat of the surrounding municipality of Nogales.

The name Nogales is the Spanish term for "walnut trees". The municipality reported a population of 264,782 in the 2020 census. By 2024, the city had been estimated to have surpassed 300,000 inhabitants.
Presumption of constitutionality
In constitutional law, the presumption of constitutionality is the legal principle that the judiciary should presume statutes enacted by the legislature to be constitutional, unless the law is clearly unconstitutional or a fundamental right is implicated. The presumption of constitutionality is the canonical principle of the doctrine of constitutional avoidance.

Canon (basic principle)
The term canon derives from the Greek κανών (kanon), meaning "rule", and thence via Latin and Old French into English. The concept in English usage is very broad: in a general sense it refers to being one (adjectival) or a group (noun) of official, authentic or approved rules or laws, particularly ecclesiastical; or group of official, authentic, or approved literary or artistic works, such as the literature of a particular author, of a particular genre, or a particular group of religious scriptural texts; or similarly, one or a body of rules, principles, or standards accepted as axiomatic and universally binding in a religion, or a field of study or art.
Mikhail Nemirovsky
Mikhail Nemirovsky (born September 30, 1974) is a Canadian-German former professional ice hockey player who played for EC Bad Kissingen of the German Bayernliga.

He plays right wing, and is 5'11" / 180 cm tall, and weighs 196 lbs / 89 kg. He was born in Odesa, Ukraine. He is a brother of hockey player David Nemirovsky.

He was drafted in 1991 in the OHL in round 7, #103, by the Sudbury Wolves. Nemirovsky played in the Russian Superleague for HC Spartak Moscow and HC Sibir Novosibirsk, the Deutsche Eishockey Liga for the Hannover Scorpions and the American Hockey League for the Fredericton Canadiens. He also played for the Newmarket Royals, Tallahassee Tiger Sharks, Hampton Roads Admirals, Flint Generals, Fort Wayne Komets, Madison Monsters, Charlotte Checkers, New Orleans Brass, Madison Kodiaks, Adirondack IceHawks, Muskegon Fury, Port Huron Border Cats, El Paso Buzzards and Colorado Gold Kings.

He played for Team Canada in the 1997 Maccabiah Games in Israel, winning a gold medal.

Port Huron Border Cats
The Port Huron Border Cats were a minor professional ice hockey team in the United Hockey League that played from 1996 to 2002. The team was based in Port Huron, Michigan, and played at McMorran Place. The team ceased operations in 2002 and was replaced by another UHL expansion team, the Port Huron Beacons.
Nowy Młyn, Pomeranian Voivodeship
Nowy Młyn [ˈnɔvɨ ˈmwɨn] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Czersk, within Chojnice County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gmina Czersk
Gmina Czersk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chojnice County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the town of Czersk, which lies approximately 30 kilometres (19 mi) east of Chojnice and 77 km (48 mi) south-west of the regional capital Gdańsk.

The gmina covers an area of 379.85 square kilometres (146.7 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 20,548 (out of which the population of Czersk amounts to 9,463, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 11,085).

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Tuchola Landscape Park.
SS Mesaba (1898)
SS Mesaba was a UK transatlantic cargo liner. She was launched in Ireland in 1897 as Winifreda, and made her maiden voyage to New York in 1898. Later that year she changed owners, and was renamed Mesaba.

The ship was designed to carry 120 first class passengers and 800 cattle, and to cross the North Atlantic in ten days. She was built for Leyland Line, for use in the Wilson and Furness-Leyland Line (W&FL) joint service. However, within months of her completion, Atlantic Transport Line (ATL) bought her. She spent almost her entire career in ATL ownership.

In 1909, ATL took delivery of the new liner Minnewaska, and relegated Mesaba to be held in reserve. In 1912, Mesaba sent a wireless telegraph signal to RMS Titanic, warning her of sea ice. On three occasions between 1912 and 1914, ATL loaned Mesaba to Red Star Line.

In 1918, a German U-boat sank Mesaba by torpedo in the Irish Sea, killing 20 members of her crew.

Thomas Wilson Sons & Co.
Thomas Wilson Sons & Co. was a British shipping company, founded in 1840, It evolved from a joint venture formed by merchants Thomas Wilson, John Beckinton and two unrelated partners named Hudson in 1822.

The company expanded and by the early 20th century operated a relatively large fleet, but in 1906 part of the operation was merged with the North Eastern Railway creating Wilson's & North Eastern Railway Shipping Co. Ltd and later in 1916 the remaining company was sold to Sir John Ellerman who created Ellerman's Wilson Line which continued to trade until closed in 1973.
Bremner Wafer
Bremner Wafers are a water cracker made by the Bremner Biscuit Company. The company claims that the crackers "have a neutral taste" and that they are "perfect for pairing with a fine wine or savoring with cheese and pâté or seafood, soups and salads". It is because of this "neutral" taste that many wineries and food aficionados around the world prefer using the Bremner wafer as a wine tasting cracker. This neutral taste, however, is seen as a drawback by some because it means the crackers are nearly tasteless when eaten alone.

As of December 2023 the Bremner Wafer product has been discontinued.

Wafer
A wafer is a crisp, often sweet, very thin, flat, light biscuit, often used to decorate ice cream, and also used as a garnish on some sweet dishes. They frequently have a waffle surface pattern but may also be patterned with insignia of the food's manufacturer or may be patternless. Some chocolate bars, such as Kit Kat and Toffee Crisp, are wafers with chocolate in and around them.
Outline of North Dakota
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the U.S. state of North Dakota:

North Dakota – 39th state of the United States, having been admitted to the union on November 2, 1889. The state capital is Bismarck, and the most populous city is Fargo. North Dakota is the 19th most extensive, but the 4th least populous, and the 4th least densely populated of the 50 U.S. states.

White Earth River (North Dakota)
The White Earth River is a tributary of the Missouri River, approximately 50 mi (80 km) long, in northwestern North Dakota in the United States. It rises in the plains of southeastern Divide County, approximately 10 mi (16 km) east of Wildrose. It flows east and south, through Mountrail County and joins the Missouri in Lake Sakakawea.

The White Earth River was included as part of the western boundary of the Minnesota Territory (1849-1858). The law establishing the Minnesota Territory stated the boundary would follow the White Earth River to the Canadian Border. However, it was unknown at that time that the river's source was not north of the international border.
50th Legislature of the Chamber of Senators of Uruguay
The Fifty Legislature of the Chamber of Senators of Uruguay is the current meeting of the upper house of the Uruguayan General Assembly. It convened in Montevideo on February 15, 2025, during the last weeks of Luis Lacalle Pou's presidency and will remain in session throughout the five-year term of Yamandú Orsi's presidency.

Senators were elected in the 2024 general election in a single constituency. The Broad Front will have a majority of seats, which will be complemented by the vice president, who has the right to vote.

2024 Uruguayan general election
General elections were held in Uruguay on 27 October 2024. Since no presidential candidate received a majority in the first round of voting, a runoff took place on 24 November 2024, with Yamandú Orsi of the Broad Front defeating Álvaro Delgado of the Republican Coalition.

The first round of the election also coincided with two constitutional referendums on reforms to the social security system that would lower the retirement age, increase payouts and transfer privately managed savings to a state-run trust, and allowing for nighttime police raids in homes.
Rhubarb tart
Rhubarb tart is a tart filled with rhubarb.

Mrs Beeton's recipe requires half a pound of puff pastry, five large sticks of rhubarb and quarter of a pound of sugar with a little lemon juice and lemon zest to taste.  This is baked for 30 to 45 minutes and serves five people at a cost of ninepence.

Rhubarb was used medicinally as a purgative and this caused it to have unpleasant associations.  To make the dish more acceptable, rhubarb tart was sometimes renamed Spring apples in the 19th century.

Laxative
Laxatives, purgatives, or aperients are substances that loosen stools and increase bowel movements. They are used to treat and prevent constipation.

Laxatives vary as to how they work and the side effects they may have. Certain stimulant, lubricant, and saline laxatives are used to evacuate the colon for rectal and bowel examinations, and may be supplemented by enemas under certain circumstances. Sufficiently high doses of laxatives may cause diarrhea. Some laxatives combine more than one active ingredient, and may be administered orally or rectally.
Prasterone sulfate
Prasterone sulfate (brand names Astenile, Mylis, Teloin, others), also known as dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), is a naturally occurring androstane steroid which is marketed and used in Japan and other countries as a labor inducer in the treatment of insufficient cervical ripening and dilation during childbirth. It is the C3β sulfate ester of prasterone (dehydroepiandrosterone; DHEA), and is known to act as a prohormone of DHEA and by extension of androgens and estrogens, although it also has its own activity as a neurosteroid. Prasterone sulfate is used medically as the sodium salt via injection and is referred to by the name sodium prasterone sulfate (JANTooltip Japanese Accepted Name).

Prasterone sulfate is available in Japan, Italy, Portugal, Argentina, and China. Brand names include Astenile, Dastonil, Di Luo An, Dinistenile, Levospa, Mylis, Sinsurrene, and Teloin.

Sodium salt
Sodium salts are salts composed of a sodium cation and any anion. The anion may be the conjugate base of some inorganic or organic acids, or any monatomic or polyatomic anion. They can be formed by the neutralization of acids with sodium hydroxide.
John Morgan (cricketer)
John Richard Morgan (born 16 March 1977) is a former English cricket. Morgan was a right-handed batsman who was a right arm medium-fast bowler. He was born at Hastings, Sussex. He was the son of Richard Ashley Morgan.

Morgan represented the Sussex Cricket Board in List A cricket. His debut List A game came against Herefordshire in the 2000 NatWest Trophy. From 2000 to 2002, he represented the Board in 7 List A matches, the last of which came against the Worcestershire Cricket Board in the 2nd round of the 2003 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy which was held in 2002. In his 7 List A matches, he took 10 wickets at a bowling average of 22.40, with best figures of 4/55.

2003 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy
The 2003 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy was an English county cricket tournament, held between 29 August 2002 and 30 August 2003. The competition was won by Gloucestershire who beat Worcestershire by 7 wickets at Lord's.
Manhattan Community Board 3
The Manhattan Community Board 3 is a New York City community board encompassing the Manhattan neighborhoods of the East Village, the Lower East Side, Two Bridges, and a large portion of Chinatown. It is delimited by the East River on the east, the Brooklyn Bridge on the south, Pearl Street, Baxter Street, Canal Street, Bowery and Fourth Avenue on the west, as well as by the 14th Street on the north.

Its current chair is Andrea Gordillo, and its district manager Susan Stetzer.
Like all community boards in New York City, its members are unelected political appointees.

East River
The East River is a saltwater tidal estuary or strait in New York City. The waterway, which is not a river despite its name, connects Upper New York Bay on its south end to Long Island Sound on its north end. It separates Long Island, with the boroughs of Brooklyn and Queens, from Manhattan Island, and from the Bronx on the North American mainland.

Because of its connection to Long Island Sound, the East River was once also known as the Sound River. The tidal strait changes its direction of flow regularly, and is subject to strong fluctuations in its current, which are accentuated by its narrowness and variety of depths. The waterway is navigable for its entire length of 16 miles (26 km), and was historically the center of maritime activities in the city.
1975 Greek presidential election
An indirect election for the position of President of the Hellenic Republic was held by the Hellenic Parliament on 19 June 1975.

Following the restoration of democracy in Greece, the distinguished jurist Michail Stasinopoulos was elected as the first, but provisional, President of the Third Hellenic Republic on 18 December 1974. With the entry into force of a new constitution in 1975 and the finalization of the new political framework, elections were held for the first regular President of the Republic. The ruling conservative New Democracy, which had 215 MPs, supported conservative politician Konstantinos Tsatsos, while the second-largest party, Centre Union – New Forces, proposed another conservative politician and former Prime Minister of Greece, Panagiotis Kanellopoulos. In the ballot held on 19 June, Tsatsos was comfortably elected with 210 votes out of 295 MPs present, with Kanellopoulos receiving 65 votes and the 20 MPs of PASOK and United Left dropping blank votes.

President of Greece
The president of Greece, officially the president of the Hellenic Republic (Greek: Πρόεδρος της Ελληνικής Δημοκρατίας, romanized: Próedros tis Ellinikís Dimokratías), commonly referred to in Greek as the president of the Republic (Πρόεδρος της Δημοκρατίας, Próedros tis Dimokratías, ΠτΔ), is the head of state of Greece. The president is elected by the Hellenic Parliament; the role has been mainly ceremonial since the 1986 constitutional reform. The office was formally established by the Constitution of Greece in 1975, but has antecedents in the Second Hellenic Republic of 1924–1935 and the Greek junta in 1973–1974 which predated the transition to the current Third Hellenic Republic.
Harvest of Empire: The Untold Story of Latinos in America
Harvest of Empire: The Untold Story of Latinos in America is a 2012 feature-length documentary film based on the book Harvest of Empire: A History of Latinos in America, written by journalist Juan González. The film was directed by Peter Getzels and Eduardo López, and premiered in New York and Los Angeles on September 28.

Maria Hinojosa
Maria de Lourdes Hinojosa Ojeda (born July 2, 1961) is a Mexican-American journalist. She is the anchor and executive producer of Latino USA, a syndicated public radio show devoted to Latino issues.  She is also the founder, president and CEO of Futuro Media Group, which produces the show. In 2022, Hinojosa won a Pulitzer Prize.

Additionally, she serves as the executive producer of America By the Numbers with Maria Hinojosa: Clarkston Georgia which premiered on PBS as a Need to Know Election 2012 special on September 21, 2012. In 2011, she became the first Latina to anchor a Frontline report on PBS (Lost in Detention, a documentary exploring the issue of deportation and immigrant detention and abuse). Since 1995, she has been named three times as one of the 100 Most Influential Hispanics by Hispanic Business magazine for her work as a reporter for CBS, NPR, and CNN.
Sovereign Trains
Sovereign Trains was a rolling stock company (ROSCO) formed in England in 2007, as part of the same group as Grand Central. The company was formed to fund the purchase of rolling stock for Grand Central for its operations between London King's Cross and Sunderland, which Grand Central leased from Sovereign. This amounted to six Class 43 power cars and 24 Mark 3 coaches to form three complete trains. However, in 2007, Sovereign entered into a partnership with Chinese manufacturer CSR Ziyang to market their new range of trains in Europe, with Grand Central committing to operate the Polaris DEMU, should its track-access agreement be extended.

In 2010, Sovereign Trains sold its three HST sets to Angel Trains, which then leased the sets back to Grand Central.

British Rail Class 43 (HST)
The British Rail Class 43 (HST) is the TOPS classification used for the InterCity 125 High Speed Train (formerly Classes 253 and 254) diesel-electric power cars, built by British Rail Engineering Limited from 1975 to 1982, and in service in the UK since 1976.

The class is officially the fastest diesel locomotive in the world, with an absolute maximum speed of 148.5 mph (239.0 km/h), and a regular service speed of 125 mph (201 km/h). The record run was led by 43102 (43302) and trailed by 43159.