hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ramiro Garcés, Lord of Calahorra
Ramiro Garcés (died 6 January 1083) was the second son of king García Sánchez III of Pamplona and queen Stephania. He was a powerful nobleman in the region around Nájera and Calahorra and a major figure at the courts of both Navarre and Castile. He was ambushed and killed while trying to take possession of the castle of Rueda de Jalón during the Reconquista.

Kingdom of Castile
The Kingdom of Castile (/kæˈstiːl/; Spanish: Reino de Castilla: Latin: Regnum Castellae) was a polity in the Iberian Peninsula during the Middle Ages. It traces its origins to the 9th-century County of Castile (Spanish: Condado de Castilla, Latin: Comitatus Castellae), as an eastern frontier lordship of the Kingdom of León. During the 10th century, the Castilian counts increased their autonomy, but it was not until 1065 that it was separated from the Kingdom of León and became a kingdom in its own right. Between 1072 and 1157, it was again united with León, and after 1230, the union became permanent.

Throughout that period, the Castilian kings made extensive conquests in southern Iberia at the expense of the Islamic principalities. The Kingdoms of Castile and of León, with their southern acquisitions, came to be known collectively as the Crown of Castile, a term that also came to encompass overseas expansion.
The Mix Tape, Vol. IV
60 Minutes of Funk, Volume IV: The Mixtape is a mixtape by American DJ Funkmaster Flex. It was released on December 5, 2000 via Loud Records, serving as a sequel to 1998 The Mix Tape Volume III: 60 Minutes of Funk (The Final Chapter) and the fourth installment in his 60 Minute of Funk mixtape series.

This project was a departure from Flex's previous Mix Tape releases, which consisted of freestyles mixed with previously released songs. This, however, was mostly made up of original songs with original production with Funkmaster Flex providing the DJ mix.

DJ mix
A DJ mix, DJ mixset or DJ set is a sequence of musical tracks typically mixed together by a DJ to appear as one continuous track. DJ mixes are usually performed using a DJ mixer and multiple sounds sources, such as turntables, CD players, digital audio players or computer sound cards, sometimes with the addition of samplers and effects units, although it is possible to create one using sound editing software.

DJ mixing is significantly different from live sound mixing. Remix services were offered beginning in the late 1970s in order to provide music which was more easily beatmixed by DJs for the dancefloor. One of the earliest DJs to refine their mixing skills was DJ Kool Herc. Francis Grasso was the first DJ to use headphones and a basic form of mixing at the New York City nightclub Sanctuary. Upon its release in 2000, Paul Oakenfold's Perfecto Presents: Another World became the biggest-selling DJ mix album in the US.
68 Aquarii
68 Aquarii is a single star located 270 light years away from the Sun in the zodiac constellation of Aquarius. 68 Aquarii is its Flamsteed designation, though it also bears the Bayer designation of g2 Aquarii. It is visible to the naked eye as a dim, yellow-hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.24. The object is moving further from the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of +24.5 km/s.

This star is 3.79 billion years old with a stellar classification of G8 III, indicating the star is a giant star that has exhausted the hydrogen at its core and expanded off the main sequence. It is a red clump giant, which means it is on the horizontal branch and is generating energy through helium fusion at its core. It has 1.39 times the mass of the Sun and 10 times the Sun's radius. The star is radiating 59 times the luminosity of the Sun from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 5,036 K.

Stellar core
A stellar core is the extremely hot, dense region at the center of a star. For an ordinary main sequence star, the core region is the volume where the temperature and pressure conditions allow for energy production through thermonuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium. This energy in turn counterbalances the mass of the star pressing inward; a process that self-maintains the conditions in thermal and hydrostatic equilibrium. The minimum temperature required for stellar hydrogen fusion exceeds 107 K (10 MK), while the density at the core of the Sun is over 100 g/cm3. The core is surrounded by the stellar envelope, which transports energy from the core to the stellar atmosphere where it is radiated away into space.
Epitrimerus trilobus
Epitrimerus trilobus is a gall mite in the family Eriophyidae, found in Europe. The mites feed on the leaves of elder (Sambucus species), causing abnormal plant growths known as galls. The mite was described by the Austrian zoologist, Alfred Nalepa in 1891.

Mite
Mites are small arachnids (eight-legged arthropods) of two large orders, the Acariformes and the Parasitiformes, which were historically grouped together in the subclass Acari. However, most recent genetic analyses do not recover the two as each other's closest relative within Arachnida, rendering the group invalid as a clade. Most mites are tiny, less than 1 mm (0.04 in) in length, and have a simple, unsegmented body plan. The small size of most species makes them easily overlooked; some species live in water, many live in soil as decomposers, others live on plants, sometimes creating galls, while others are predators or parasites. This last type includes the commercially destructive Varroa parasite of honey bees, as well as scabies mites of humans. Most species are harmless to humans, but a few are associated with allergies or may transmit diseases.

The scientific discipline devoted to the study of mites is called acarology.
Iwan Dacko
Iwan Dacko (Ukrainian: Івáн Дацькó; born 9 September 1947 in Velbert, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany) is a priest of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, was personal secretary of Patriarch Josyf Cardinal Slipyj, a close collaborator and Chancellor of Myroslav Ivan Cardinal Lubachivsky, President of the Institute of Ecumenical Studies at the Ukrainian Catholic University in Lviv, Ukraine, a long-time member of the Joint International Commission and its Coordinating Committee for the theological dialogue between the Catholic and Orthodox Churches.

Ukrainian Catholic University
The Ukrainian Catholic University (Ukrainian: Український католицький університет, romanized: Ukrainskyi katolytskyi universytet) is a Catholic university in Lviv, Ukraine, affiliated with the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church. The Ukrainian Catholic University (UCU) was the first Catholic university to open on the territory of the former Soviet Union. The university frequently has the highest external independent evaluation scores of any Ukrainian university.

The Ukrainian Catholic University is the successor to the Greek Catholic Theological Academy, which was created in 1928 by metropolitan Andrey Sheptytsky in the city of Lviv, then under the Second Polish Republic. The academy's first rector was Josyf Slipyj. In 1994, the original school was recreated under the name of the Lviv Theological Academy, and on 28 June 2002, the Ukrainian Catholic University was formally refounded.
Aliso (volcano)
0°32′S 78°00′W﻿ / ﻿0.53°S 78°W﻿ / -0.53; -78

Aliso, also known as Pan de Azúcar, is a 3,482-metre-high (11,424 ft) volcano in the Ecuadorian Andes to the east of Antisana volcano. The complex contains a semicircular western ridge and lava domes. The volcano has erupted rhyolites and dacites and some andesitic lava flows on a ridge above Baeza. It is covered with tundra and cloud forests. At least two eruptions of Pumayacu occurred during the Holocene; one dated 4400 years ago and another's lapilli deposits overlie a cultural horizon 2000 years old. Older eruptions have been dated at 1.15 ± 0.07 Ma and are of high-potassium types. They compromise typical arc-derived lavas with fractional crystallization and other differentiation processes.

Tundra
In physical geography, a tundra (/ˈtʌndrə, ˈtʊn-/) is a type of biome where tree growth is hindered by frigid temperatures and short growing seasons. There are three regions and associated types of tundra: Arctic, Alpine, and Antarctic.

Tundra vegetation is composed of dwarf shrubs, sedges, grasses, mosses, and lichens. Scattered trees grow in some tundra regions. The ecotone (or ecological boundary region) between the tundra and the forest is known as the tree line or timberline. The tundra soil is rich in nitrogen and phosphorus. The soil also contains large amounts of biomass and decomposed biomass that has been stored as methane and carbon dioxide in the permafrost, making the tundra soil a carbon sink. As global warming heats the ecosystem and causes soil thawing, the permafrost carbon cycle accelerates and releases much of these soil-contained greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, creating a feedback cycle that contributes to climate change.
Agonopterix senecionis
Agonopterix senecionis is a moth of the family Depressariidae. It is found from Germany, the Baltic region and Russia to the Iberian Peninsula, Italy and Romania.

The larvae feed on Doronicum, Senecio doria, Senecio doronicum, Senecio fluviatilis, Senecio nemorensis and Senecio ovatus. They initially mine the leaves of their host plant. Pupation takes place outside of the mine. Larvae can be found from May to July.

Senecio nemorensis
Senecio nemorensis is a species of perennial plant from the family Asteraceae that can reach 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) in height. The plant is native to Europe and Asia, where it can be found growing at elevation 800–1,800 metres (2,600–5,900 ft).
Bolton High School (Connecticut)
Bolton High School is a public high school located at 72 Brandy Street, Bolton, Connecticut. Bolton participates in the North Central Connecticut Conference (NCCC) for athletics, and competes as a Class "S" school. Bolton High School accepted students from nearby Willington, Connecticut, until that community regionalized in the early 1990s. Academic year 1991-1992 was the last year that Willington students graduated from Bolton High.

Willington, Connecticut
Willington is a town in Tolland County, Connecticut, United States. The town is part of the Capitol Planning Region. The population was 5,566 at the 2020 census.

The Willimantic River borders the town on the west. Willington is approximately 25 miles northeast of Hartford on Interstate 84, which also provides a connection to Boston, via the Massachusetts Turnpike. Providence, RI is accessible via U.S. Route 44. Larger communities nearby include Coventry, Stafford, Tolland, and Willimantic. The University of Connecticut is located in adjacent Mansfield. A new public library (formerly located within Hall Memorial School)  opened in autumn 2006.
1991 M4 motorway crash
On 13 March 1991, a multiple-vehicle collision occurred during foggy conditions on the eastbound carriageway of the M4 motorway near Hungerford, Berkshire, between the Membury service station and junction 14.

Ten people were killed in the pile-up, which involved 51 vehicles, making it one of the deadliest crashes in the history of Britain's motorway network.

Multiple-vehicle collision
A multiple-vehicle collision (colloquially known as a pileup or multi-car collision), is a road traffic collision involving many vehicles. Generally occurring on high-capacity and high-speed routes such as freeways, they are one of the deadliest forms of traffic collisions. The most disastrous pileups have involved more than a hundred vehicles.
A. A. van Ruler
Arnold Albert van Ruler (10 December 1908 – 15 December 1970) was a Dutch minister and theologian.

Van Ruler was born in Apeldoorn. He studied at the University of Groningen and was ordained as a minister in the Dutch Reformed Church. He obtained his PhD from the same institution in 1947 and became professor of theology at the University of Utrecht. For many years, he broadcast Bible meditations via AVRO.

Van Ruler was in favour of a theocracy. He was heavily influenced by Philippus Jacobus Hoedemaker. van Ruler also emphasized the goodness of creation.

Van Ruler had five children, including Betteke van Ruler.

University of Groningen
The University of Groningen (abbreviated as UG; Dutch: Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, abbreviated as RUG) is a public research university of more than 30,000 students in the city of Groningen, Netherlands. Founded in 1614, the university is the second oldest in the country (after Leiden).

The University of Groningen has eleven faculties, nine graduate schools, 27 research centres and institutes, and more than 175-degree programmes. The university's alumni and faculty include Johann Bernoulli, Aletta Jacobs, four Nobel Prize winners, nine Spinoza Prize winners, one Stevin Prize winner, various members of the Dutch royal family, several politicians, the first president of the European Central Bank, and a secretary general of NATO.
Madar (Ajmer)–Darbhanga Amrit Bharat Express
The 19623/19624 Madar (Ajmer)–Darbhanga Amrit Bharat Express is India’s 14th Non-AC Superfast Amrit Bharat Express train, which runs across the states of Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh & Bihar by connecting Madar (Ajmer) and Darbhanga via Jaipur Jn, Kanpur Central, Lucknow Jn, Gorakhpur Jn & Sitamarhi Jn.

The train will inaugurate on 29 September 2025 by Prime Minister Narendra Modi via video conference from New Delhi, India.

Kanpur Central railway station
Kanpur Central (formerly known as Cawnpore North Barracks, station code: CNB) is a central and junction railway station in the city of Kanpur and is one of the five central Indian railway stations. It is third busiest in country after Howrah Jn and New Delhi railway station. It is a major railway station between Howrah Jn and New Delhi. After Bandel Junction and Kharagpur Junction, it holds the record for the 3rd largest interlocking route system in the world. All trains passing through this station stop here, including premium trains, and all superfast, mail and passenger trains. The station is a major intercity rail and commuter rail station in the region.
John Griffiths (musician)
John Griffiths AM FAHA (born 2 December 1952, Melbourne) is a musician and musicologist specialised in music for guitar and early plucked instruments, especially the vihuela and lute. He has researched aspects of the sixteenth-century Spanish vihuela, its history and its music. He has also had an international career as a solo lutenist, vihuelist, and guitarist, and as a member of the pioneer Australian early music group La Romanesca. After a thirty-year career at the University of Melbourne (1980–2011), he now works as a freelance scholar and performer.

Dinko Fabris
Dinko Fabris is an Italian musicologist. He specializes in lute music, the music of Naples, and Italian music in general, having written books on Italian composers such as Andrea Falconieri, Andrea Gabrieli, Francesco Provenzale and Francesco Cavalli. He holds teaching posts at the Conservatory of Bari and the University of Basilicata, and was president of the International Musicological Society from 2012 to 2017.
2018 Eastern Asian Women's Volleyball Championship
The 2018 Asian Eastern Zonal Women's Volleyball Championship was the 11th edition of the AVC Eastern Zonal Women's Volleyball Championship, the volleyball championship of East Asia. It was held in Zhangjiagang, China from 10 to 15 July 2016.

Japan won the title for the fifth time, defeating China in the final, 3–0. Chinami Furuya was elected the most valuable player.

Japan women's national volleyball team
The Japan women's national volleyball team (Hinotori Nippon, 火の鳥NIPPON), or All-Japan women's volleyball team, is currently ranked 7th in the world by FIVB. The head coach is Ferhat Akbaş.

One of their greatest successes was at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, when they defeated the heavily favored Soviet Union on the way to the gold medal.

Japan was qualified for the 2004 Summer Olympics by winning the Women's Olympic Qualifier that was held from 8 May to 16 May in Tokyo, Japan. In Athens, Greece the team took fifth place in the overall-rankings.

Finally after almost three decades of medal drought in the Olympics, Japan took home the bronze medal by defeating South Korea in the 2012 Summer Olympics.
Phipat Ratchakitprakarn
Phipat Ratchakitprakarn (Thai: พิพัฒน์ รัชกิจประการ; born 5 August 1955) is a Thai politician. He currently served as Deputy Prime Minister of Thailand and Minister of Transport in the cabinet of Prime Minister Anutin Charnvirakul. He also has served as Minister of Tourism and Sports in the second cabinet of Prime Minister Prayut Chan-o-cha and Minister of Labour in the Prime Minister Srettha Thavisin and Paetongtarn Shinawatra cabinet.

Ministry of Transport (Thailand)
The Ministry of Transport (Abrv: MOT; Thai: กระทรวงคมนาคม, RTGS: Krasuang Khamanakhom) is the ministry of the Government of Thailand responsible for the development, construction, and regulation of the nation's land, marine, and air transportation systems.
Miss 420
Miss 420 is a 1998 Indian Hindi-language action thriller film directed by Akashdeep Sabir and produced by Ganesh Jain and Ratan Jain under the Venus Records & Tapes banner. The film stars Sheeba Akashdeep in the title role alongside rapper Baba Sehgal in his acting debut. Shakti Kapoor, Aashif Sheikh, Mohan Joshi and Tinnu Anand play key supporting roles in the film. The soundtrack of the movie was composed by Anu Malik. Shot and completed in 1993, the film was initially scheduled for a release in January 1994. However, the release was delayed for several years and it was eventually released in cinema halls four years later on January 23, 1998.

The film featured songs "Aaja Meri Gaadi Me Baith Ja" and "Memsaab O Memsaab" that became chartbusters, but the film was a disaster at the box office, grossing worldwide ₹92.77 lakh against a budget of ₹1.25 crore.

Lakh
A lakh (/læk, lɑːk/; abbreviated L; sometimes written lac) is a unit in the Indian numbering system equal to one hundred thousand (100,000; scientific notation: 105).  In the Indian 2, 2, 3 convention of digit grouping, it is written as 1,00,000. For example, in India, 150,000 rupees becomes 1.5 lakh rupees, written as ₹1,50,000 or INR 1,50,000.

It is widely used both in official and other contexts in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. It is often used in Bangladeshi, Indian, Pakistani, and Sri Lankan English.
Happily Ever After (1961 TV series)
Happily Ever After is a British television sitcom which first aired on ITV in two series between 1961 and 1964.

Actors who made guest appearances on the show include Joan Benham, Derek Benfield and Reginald Marsh.

Reginald Marsh (actor)
Reginald Albert Saltmarsh, known by the stage name Reginald Marsh (17 September 1926 – 9 February 2001), was an English actor who is best remembered for supporting roles in many television sitcoms from the 1970s onwards.
Naoki Saito (mathematician)
Naoki Saito is an applied mathematician specializing in applied and computational harmonic analysis, and interested in feature extraction, pattern recognition, graph signal processing, statistical signal processing, Laplacian eigenfunctions, and human and machine perception.

Feature engineering
Feature engineering is a preprocessing step in supervised machine learning and statistical modeling which transforms raw data into a more effective set of inputs. Each input comprises several attributes, known as features. By providing models with relevant information, feature engineering significantly enhances their predictive accuracy and decision-making capability.

Beyond machine learning, the principles of feature engineering are applied in various scientific fields, including physics. For example, physicists construct dimensionless numbers such as the Reynolds number in fluid dynamics, the Nusselt number in heat transfer, and the Archimedes number in sedimentation. They also develop first approximations of solutions, such as analytical solutions for the strength of materials in mechanics.
Jermaine (1980 album)
Jermaine is the seventh studio album by Jermaine Jackson, his second album in 1980. Fresh off the success of Let's Get Serious, Motown released this album in Fall 1980. Charting on the R&B albums chart at 17 with two singles ("You Like Me Don't You" and "Little Girl Don't You Worry") charting top 20 on the R&B singles chart, respectively. Also included is a cover of Tyrone Davis's "Can I Change My Mind".  Also included as a musician on this album is family friend John McClain, who would later become one of the executives of the estate of Jermaine's brother, Michael Jackson.

Tyrone Davis
Tyrone Davis (born Tyrone D. Fettson or Tyrone D. Branch, October 3, 1937 – February 9, 2005) (although many sources have his date of birth as May 4, 1938), was an American blues and soul singer with a long list of hit records over more than 20 years. Davis had three number 1 hits on the Billboard R&B chart: "Can I Change My Mind" (1968), "Turn Back the Hands of Time" (1970), and "Turning Point" (1975).
Martin Casey
Martin Casey (born 1950) is an Irish retired hurler who played as a midfielder for the Wexford senior team.

Born in Causeway, County Kerry, County Kerry, Casey first played competitive hurling during his schooling at St. Peter's College, Wexford. He arrived on the inter-county scene at the age of seventeen when he first linked up with the Wexford minor team, before later joining the under-21 side. He joined the senior panel during the 1974 championship. Casey went on to play a key role for the team for almost a decade, and won one Leinster medal on the field of play. He was an All-Ireland runner-up on two occasions.

At club level Casey is a one-time All-Ireland medallist with Buffer's Alley. In addition to this he also won three Leinster medals and twelve championship medals in a career that spanned four decades.

Throughout his inter-county career, Casey made 20 championship appearances for Wexford. His retirement came following the conclusion of the 1983 championship.

St Peter's College, Wexford
St Peter's College, Wexford is an Irish secondary school and former seminary located in Summerhill, overlooking Wexford town. It is a single-sex school for male pupils. Currently, the school has 785 students enrolled.
Precisionist Stakes
The Precisionist Stakes was an American Thoroughbred horse race run annually at Santa Anita Park in Arcadia, California.  A Grade III event open to horses, age three and up, it was contested over a distance of one and one-sixteenth miles on Cushion Track synthetic dirt. The race was named for the U.S. Racing Hall of Fame horse, Precisionist who won this race in 1985 in which he set a Hollywood Park track record for the then one mile distance.

The race was run as the Mervyn Leroy Handicap at Hollywood Park Racetrack from inception in 1980 through 2013 when that racetrack closed. The original race was named for the American film director, Mervyn LeRoy who was a racing enthusiast and one of the track's founders. The Mervyn LeRoy Handicap carried a purse of $150,000 and was a prep to the Hollywood Gold Cup.

Elevated to a Grade I event in 1988, it was downgraded to Grade II status in 1991 then to Grade III in 2014.

Mervyn LeRoy
Mervyn LeRoy (/ləˈrɔɪ/; October 15, 1900 – September 13, 1987) was an American film director and producer. During the 1930s, he was one of the two great practitioners of economical and effective film directing at Warner Brothers studios, the other being his colleague Michael Curtiz. LeRoy's most acclaimed films of his tenure at Warners include Little Caesar (1931), I Am a Fugitive From a Chain Gang (1932), Gold Diggers of 1933 (1933), Anthony Adverse (1936), and They Won't Forget (1937). LeRoy left Warners and moved to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer studios in 1939 to serve as both director and producer. He is best known for the 1939 film The Wizard of Oz.