hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Amphipsocidae
Amphipsocidae is a family of hairy-winged barklice in the order Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera). Most species are 3.0-4.5 mm long and have many setae (hairs) on the veins and margin of the forewing. The main veins of the forewing are usually lined with two rows of setae. Like the other members of the infra-order Caeciliusetae, they have a broad, flat labrum, with well defined edges.

There are at least 19 genera and 240 described species in Amphipsocidae. These inconspicuous insects are widely distributed. The large genus Amphipsocus (98 named species) is found in the Afrotropics and eastern Asia. The genera  Afropsocus, Capillopsocus, Ctenopsocus, Harpezoneura, Pentathyrsus, Schizopechus, and Xenopsocus are endemic to the Afrotropical region, whereas Complaniamphus, Pseudokolbea, Siniamphipsocus, and Tagalopsocus are endemic to eastern Asia. The genus Polypsocus is endemic to the Americas; Europe has two species, Kolbia quisquiliarum and Brachypsocus badonneli.

Psocoptera
Psocoptera (/soʊˈkɒptərə/) are a paraphyletic group of insects that are commonly known as booklice, barklice or barkflies. The name Psocoptera has been replaced with Psocodea in recent literature, with the inclusion of the former order Phthiraptera into Psocodea (as part of the suborder Troctomorpha).

They are often regarded as the most primitive of the paraneopterans. There are more than 5,500 species in 41 families in three suborders. Many of these species have only been described in the early twenty-first century. They range in size from 1–10 millimetres (1/32–13/32 in) in length.

The species known as booklice received their common name because they are commonly found amongst old books—they feed upon the paste used in binding. The barklice are found on trees, feeding on algae and lichen.
Ynysddu
Ynysddu is a small village, community and electoral ward in the Sirhowy valley of south-east Wales. It is part of the district of Caerphilly within the historic boundaries of Monmouthshire. It lies between to Cwmfelinfach and Wyllie, 4.3 miles (6.9 km) north of the town of Risca and 4 miles (6.4 km) south of the market town of Blackwood. It is about 10 minutes by road from the M4 motorway and 20 minutes from the Second Severn Crossing. The population in 2008 was 2,905, increasing to 3,948 at the 2011 Census.

The community includes the settlements of Cwmfelinfach, Wyllie and Wattsville.

M4 motorway
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The M4, originally the London-South Wales Motorway, is the third-longest motorway in the United Kingdom, running from west London to southwest Wales. The English section to the Severn Bridge was constructed between 1961 and 1971; the Welsh element was largely complete by 1980, though a non-motorway section around Briton Ferry bridge remained until 1993. On the opening of the Second Severn Crossing in 1996, the M4 was rerouted over it.

The line of the motorway from London to Bristol runs closely in parallel with the A4. After crossing the River Severn, toll-free since December 2018, the motorway follows the A48, to terminate at the Pont Abraham services in Carmarthenshire.

The M4 is the only motorway in Wales apart from its two spurs: the A48(M) and the M48. The major towns and cities along the route—a distance of approximately 189 miles (304 km)—include Slough, Reading, Swindon, Bristol, Newport,  Cardiff, Bridgend, Port Talbot and Swansea.
2001 St. Petersburg Open
The 2001 St. Petersburg Open was a tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts at the Petersburg Sports and Concert Complex in Saint Petersburg in Russia and was part of the International Series of the 2001 ATP Tour. The tournament ran from October 22 through October 28, 2001.

Saint Petersburg Sports and Concert Complex
The Saint Petersburg Sports and Concert Complex (Russian: Спортивно-концертный комплекс «Петербургский», romanized: Sportivno-kontsertnyy kompleks «Peterburgskiy») was an arena in Saint Petersburg, Russia. It was closed in August 2019, and was subsequently demolished in 2020 for the construction of a new modern complex which opened in 2023.
Urceolina urceolata
Urceolina urceolata is a perennial plant species in the family Amaryllidaceae. The species is native to Peru.

Plants can reach up to 20 or 30 centimeters in height.

The species was first described and named by Hipólito Ruiz López and José Antonio Pavon, but it was later revised and reclassified by Mary Letitia Green in 1930.

Hipólito Ruiz López
Hipólito Ruiz López (August 8, 1754 in Belorado, Burgos, Spain – 1816 in Madrid), or Hipólito Ruiz, was a Spanish botanist known for researching the floras of Peru and Chile during an expedition under Carlos III from 1777 to 1788. During the reign of Carlos III, three major botanical expeditions were sent to the New World; Ruiz and José Antonio Pavón Jiménez were the botanists for the first of these expeditions, to Peru and Chile.
2012 BRD Brașov Challenger – Doubles
Victor Anagnastopol and Florin Mergea were the defending champions but Anagnastopol decided not to participate.
Mergea played alongside Philipp Marx.
Marius Copil and Victor Crivoi won the final 6–7(8–10), 6–4, [12–10] against Andrei Ciumac and Oleksandr Nedovyesov.

Victor-Mugurel Anagnastopol
Victor-Mugurel Anagnastopol (born 23 March 1986) is a Romanian tennis player. On 13 June 2011, he reached his highest ATP singles ranking of 469 whilst his highest doubles ranking was 295 achieved on 12 December 2012.
Saint George Cathedral, Yuryev-Polsky
Saint George Cathedral (Russian: Георгиевский собор) in Yuryev-Polsky is one of a dozen surviving white-stone churches which were built in Vladimir-Suzdal Principality in the northeastern Rus prior to the Mongol invasion. Constructed between 1230 and 1234, the cathedral was also the last of these churches to be built, completed just three years before the invasion. Unlike most of the other pre-Mongol Vladimir-Suzdal churches, the St. George Cathedral was not designated as the World Heritage site.

The cathedral was designated by the Russian government as an architectural monument of federal significance (#3310181000).

White Monuments of Vladimir and Suzdal
The White Monuments of Vladimir and Suzdal in Vladimir Oblast, Russia, have been designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The patrimony embraces eight medieval limestone monuments of Zalesye from the late 12th and early 13th centuries. They include Russian Orthodox churches and a monastery, as well as a castle and gate. It is a serial property, which means it is made up of multiple monuments.
Becky Birtha
Becky Birtha (born October 11, 1948) is an American poet and children's author who lives in the greater Philadelphia area. She is best known for her poetry and short stories depicting African-American and lesbian relationships, often focusing on topics such as interracial relationships, emotional recovery from a breakup, single parenthood and adoption. Her poetry was featured in the acclaimed 1983 anthology of African-American feminist writing Home Girls: A Black Feminist Anthology, edited by Barbara Smith and published by Kitchen Table: Women of Color Press. She has won a Lambda Literary award for her poetry. She has been awarded grants from the Pew Fellowships in the Arts, the National Endowment for the Arts and the Pennsylvania Council on the Arts to further her literary works. In recent years she has written three children's historical fiction picture books about the African-American experience.

Home Girls
Home Girls: A Black Feminist Anthology (1983) is a collection of Black lesbian and Black feminist essays, edited by Barbara Smith. The anthology includes different accounts from 32 black women of feminist ideology who come from a variety of different areas, cultures, and classes. This collection of writings is intended to showcase the similarities among black women from different walks of life. In the introduction, Smith states her belief that "Black feminism is, on every level, organic to Black experience." Writings within Home Girls support this belief through essays that exemplify black women's struggles and lived experiences within their race, gender, sexual orientation, culture, and home life. Topics and stories discussed in the writings often touch on subjects that in the past have been deemed taboo, provocative, and profound.
Queixada
Queixada (jaw or chin strike) is a crescent kick in capoeira, like the inverse of a meia lua de frente.

This kick targets the side of the opponent's head or the opponent's chin (queixo in Portuguese).

Queixada is one of the most common kicks in regional capoeira. Capoeira Angola players rarely use queixada.

Jaw
The jaws are a pair of opposable articulated structures at the entrance of the mouth, typically used for grasping and manipulating food. The term jaws is also broadly applied to the whole of the structures constituting the vault of the mouth and serving to open and close it and is part of the body plan of humans and most animals.
1891 Lewisham by-election
The 1891 Lewisham by-election was a by-election held on 26 August 1891 for the British House of Commons constituency of Lewisham.

The by-election was triggered by the elevation to the peerage of the serving Conservative Party Member of Parliament (MP), Viscount Lewisham on the death of his father.

William Legge, 6th Earl of Dartmouth
William Heneage Legge, 6th Earl of Dartmouth, GCVO, KCB, VD, TD, PC, JP (6 May 1851 – 11 March 1936), styled Viscount Lewisham between 1853 and 1891, was a British peer and Conservative politician. He served as Vice-Chamberlain of the Household between 1885 and 1886 and again between 1886 and 1891.
Pan American Championship
A Pan American Championship is a top-level international sports competition between athletes or sports teams representing their respective countries or professional sports clubs in the Americas. Typically these championships are recurring, the most common formats being annual, biennial, and quadrennial. It should not be confused with the Pan American Games, which is the highest level sporting competition for the region. It is common for there to be sport-specific governing bodies to organise these regional competitions, such as the Pan American Judo Confederation.

Pan American Judo Confederation
The Pan American Judo Confederation (PJC) is an international organization comprising most of the national Judo federations and associations of the Americas, and is one of five such continental organizations recognized by the International Judo Federation. The PJC replaced the Pan American Judo Union (PJU) when it was founded in 2009, a decision which has been contested by the remaining members of the PJU.
Africa Beza College
Africa Beza University College (ABUC) is a private university college in Ethiopia, founded on November 20, 2005, in Awassa, the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples Region state capital. It initially had an enrollment of 450 students. Shortly thereafter, ABUC expanded to Shashemene and also opened Addis Ababa and Nekemte branches in October 1999 and January 2000, respectively.

Shashamane
Shashamane (Oromo: Shaashamannee, Amharic: ሻሸመኔ) is a city in southern Ethiopia. Located in the Oromia Region with a 2007 Census population of 100,454, but with an estimated 208,368 inhabitants in mid 2022; the town is known for its Rastafarian community. A couple of years ago, the current town administration made a determined move to speed up the development of the town and answer the questions of the residents and is one of the fast urbanizing urban centers in Oromia Regional State and has seventeen (17)  sub-cities.  Namely Abosto, Alelu, Arada, Awasho, Dida boqe, Bulchana, Burqa Gudina, Kuyera, Awasho Dhenqu, Aleche Harebate, Edola  burqa, Alelu Ilu, Bute filicha, Kerara  filicha, Ilala Qorke, Meja Dema, and Bulchana Deneba. The resort of Wondo Genet lies near Shashamane, as does the Senkele Wildlife Sanctuary.
Donald Calthrop
Donald Esme Clayton Calthrop (11 April 1888 – 15 July 1940) was an English stage and film actor.

Born in London, Calthrop was educated at St Paul's School and  made his first stage appearance at eighteen years of age at the Comedy Theatre, London. His first film was The Gay Lord Quex released in 1917. He starred as the title character in the successful musical The Boy in the same year. He then appeared in more than 60 films between 1916 and 1940, including five films directed by Alfred Hitchcock.

He died in Eton, Berkshire from a heart attack while he was filming Major Barbara (1941). According to Ronald Neame in his autobiography, some shots in the final film had a stand-in playing Calthrop's role (from the back) and a piece of dialogue was recorded using an unnamed person who impersonated Calthrop's voice.

Calthrop is buried at St Patrick's Roman Catholic Cemetery, located in Waltham Forest, London.

He was the nephew of dramatist Dion Boucicault.

Dion Boucicault
Dionysius Lardner "Dion" Boucicault /ˈdaɪˌɒn ˈbuːsɪˌkoʊ/ (né Boursiquot; 26 December 1820 – 18 September 1890) was an Irish actor and playwright famed for his melodramas.  By the later part of the 19th century, Boucicault had become known on both sides of the Atlantic as one of the most successful actor-playwright-managers then in the English-speaking theatre. The New York Times hailed him in his obituary as "the most conspicuous English dramatist of the 19th century"; he and his second wife, Agnes Robertson Boucicault, applied for, and received, American citizenship in 1873.
Joe Skipper
Joe Skipper (born 25 March 1988) is an English professional triathlete and ITU Long Distance Triathlon World Championships bronze medalist.

Skipper won his first World Championships medal at the ITU Long Distance Triathlon World Championships in 2015, held in Motala, Sweden where he finished in third position, claiming the bronze.

As of 2015, Skipper holds the 3rd fastest Ironman bike split of all time. He is also the fastest British male Ironman of all time. Skipper won silver at Ironman Texas in May 2015, breaking the course record for the cycle stage.

Motala
Motala (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈmûːˌtɑːla] ⓘ) is a locality and the seat of Motala Municipality, Östergötland County, Sweden with a municipal population of 43,717 inhabitants in 2024. It is the third largest city of Östergötland, following Linköping and Norrköping. Motala is situated on the eastern shore of Lake Vättern and is regarded as the main centre of both the Göta Canal and the surrounding lake region.
Lamledra House
Lamledra House is a house near Gorran Haven in Cornwall, England, UK. It is situated immediately above Vault Beach. It was built in 1911 by the barrister, John Fischer Williams, and extended in the 1920s. It was formerly the vacation residence of the Oxford academics Herbert and Jenifer Hart, who inherited the house with her sister from their father.

Gorran Haven
Gorran Haven (Cornish: Porthust) is a fishing village, in the civil parish of St Goran, on the south coast of Cornwall, England, UK. It is about 2 miles (3.2 km) south of Mevagissey and lies within the Cornwall Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB).
University of Cincinnati Medical Center
The University of Cincinnati Medical Center (UCMC) is a primary teaching hospital for the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine. Located in the Corryville neighborhood of Cincinnati, UCMC is the flagship institution of the UC Health system and is part of the Clifton campus of that system. UCMC has the only level 1 emergency trauma center in the Cincinnati metropolitan area. The hospital has 724 licensed beds.

At various times since its founding in 1821 it has been known by names including Cincinnati Hospital, Commercial Hospital, General Hospital, and University Hospital.

Cincinnati metropolitan area
The Cincinnati metropolitan area (also known as the Cincinnati Tri-State area or Greater Cincinnati) is a metropolitan area with its core in Ohio and Kentucky. Its largest city is Cincinnati and includes surrounding counties in the U.S. states of Ohio, Kentucky, and Indiana.

The United States Census Bureau's formal name for the area is the Cincinnati, OH–KY–IN Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 U.S. census, the metro area had a population of 2,256,884, making Greater Cincinnati the 30th-most populous metropolitan area in the United States, and the largest metro area in Ohio, followed by Columbus and Cleveland. The Cincinnati–Wilmington, OH–KY–IN Combined Statistical Area, adds Clinton County, Ohio (defined as the Wilmington, OH micropolitan area) and, until 2023, Mason County, Kentucky (defined as the Maysville, KY micropolitan area), was part of the CSA. The Cincinnati metropolitan area is considered part of the Great Lakes megalopolis.
"...And Ladies of the Club"
"…And Ladies of the Club" is a 1982 novel, written by Helen Hooven Santmyer, about a group of women in the fictional town of Waynesboro, Ohio who begin a women's literary club, which evolves through the years into a significant community service organization in the town.

The novel, which looks at the club as it changes throughout the years, spans decades in the lives of the women involved in the club, between 1868 and 1932. Many characters are introduced in the course of the novel, but the primary characters are Anne Gordon and Sally Rausch, who in 1868 are new graduates of the Waynesboro Female College. They each marry soon after the opening of the book, and the decades that follow chronicle their marriages and those of their children and grandchildren. Santmyer focuses not just on the lives of the women in the club, but also their families, friends, politics, and developments in their small town and the larger world.

Irish Catholics
Irish Catholics (Irish: Caitlicigh na hÉireann) are an ethnoreligious group native to Ireland whose members are both Catholic and Irish. The diaspora and the descendants of Irish Catholics includes millions of Americans, Canadians and Australians. In countries like the United States, Canada and Australia, many Catholics descend from Irish immigrants/migrants who passed down their faith.
B45 (New York City bus)
The B45 is a bus route that constitutes a public transit line operating in Brooklyn, New York City, mainly along Atlantic Avenue, Washington Avenue, Sterling Place, and St. Johns Place between Downtown Brooklyn and Crown Heights. It is operated by the MTA New York City Transit Authority. Its precursor was a streetcar line that began operation in 1877, and was known as the St. Johns Place Line. The route became a bus line in 1947.

Downtown Brooklyn
Downtown Brooklyn is the third-largest central business district in New York City (after Midtown and Lower Manhattan), and is located in the northwestern section of the borough of Brooklyn. The neighborhood is known for its office and residential buildings, such as several of Brooklyn's tallest buildings and the MetroTech Center office complex.

Since the rezoning of Downtown Brooklyn in 2004, the area has been undergoing a transformation, with $9 billion of private investment and $300 million in public improvements underway. The area is a growing hub for education. In 2017, New York University announced that it would invest over $500 million to renovate and expand the NYU Tandon School of Engineering and its surrounding Downtown Brooklyn-based campus.

Downtown Brooklyn is part of Brooklyn Community District 2 and its primary ZIP Codes are 11201 and 11217. It is patrolled by the 84th and 88th Precincts of the New York City Police Department.
Kirkwood Public Library
Kirkwood Public Library (KPL) primarily serves residents of the city of Kirkwood, Missouri, USA. The library is operated independently, and is a part of the Municipal Library Consortium of St. Louis County (MLC), which connects it to 8 other independently operated libraries in neighboring St. Louis County municipalities. It is a member of the Downtown Special Business District and the Kirkwood Des Peres Area Chamber of Commerce. In 1930, the Kirkwood Public Library helped to open the Ferguson Municipal Public Library by donating its initial first books.

Missouri History Museum
The Missouri History Museum in Forest Park, St. Louis, Missouri, showcases Missouri history. It is operated by the Missouri Historical Society, which was founded in 1866.  Museum admission is free through a public subsidy by the Metropolitan Zoological Park and Museum District.
2012 Pennsylvania Senate election
The 2012 elections for the Pennsylvania State Senate were held on November 6, 2012, with all odd-numbered districts being contested. The primary elections were held on April 24, 2012. The term of office for those elected in 2012 began when the Senate convened in January 2013. Pennsylvania State Senators are elected to four-year terms, with 25 of the 50 seats contested every two years.

Pennsylvania State Senate
The Pennsylvania State Senate is the upper house of the bicameral Pennsylvania General Assembly, the Pennsylvania state legislature. Senators are elected for four-year terms, staggered every two years, such that half of the seats are contested at each election. Even- and odd-numbered district seats are contested in separate election years. The State Senate meets in the State Capitol building in Harrisburg, and has been meeting since 1791.

The president of the Senate is the lieutenant governor, who has no vote except to break a tie. The president pro tempore becomes the lieutenant governor in the event of the sitting lieutenant governor's removal, resignation or death. In this case the president pro tempore and lieutenant governor would be the same person.
Christen Heiberg (civil servant)
Christen Heiberg (21 February 1737 – 21 April 1801) was a Norwegian civil servant.

He was born in Vinje. He served as County Governor of Finnmark from 1778 to 1787. He died in Neksø, Denmark, in 1801.

Vinje
Vinje is a municipality in Telemark county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Vest-Telemark which is part of Øvre Telemark. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Åmot. Other villages in the municipality include Arabygdi, Edland, Grunge, Haukeli, Krossen, Møsstrond, Nesland, Øyfjell, Raulandsgrend, and Vinje.

The 3,106-square-kilometre (1,199 sq mi) municipality is the 14th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Vinje is the 209th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 3,832. The municipality's population density is 1.4 inhabitants per square kilometre (3.6/sq mi) and its population has increased by 3% over the previous 10-year period.
Psychology of genocide
The psychology of genocide attempts to explain genocide by means of psychology. Psychology of genocide aims to explain the preconditions of genocide and why some people become genocide perpetrators while others are bystanders or rescuers.

Rescuer (genocide)
During a genocide, a rescuer or helper is someone who tries to help the genocide victims survive. In many cases, they are motivated by altruism and/or humanitarianism. The best-studied example of this phenomenon is the rescue of Jews during the Holocaust.