hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Baroque violin
A  Baroque violin is a violin set up in the manner of the baroque period of music. The term includes original instruments which have survived unmodified since the Baroque period, as well as later instruments adjusted to the baroque setup, and modern replicas. Baroque violins have become relatively common in recent decades thanks to historically informed performance, with violinists returning to older models of instrument to achieve an authentic sound.

The differences between a Baroque violin and a modern instrument include the size and nature of the neck, fingerboard, bridge, bass bar, and tailpiece. Baroque violins are almost always fitted with gut strings, as opposed to the more common metal and synthetic strings on a modern instrument, and played with a bow made on the baroque model rather than the modern Tourte bow. Baroque violins are not fitted with a chin rest and are played without a shoulder rest.

Bridge (instrument)
A bridge is a device that supports the strings on a stringed musical instrument and transmits the vibration of those strings to another structural component of the instrument—typically a soundboard, such as the top of a guitar or violin—which transfers the sound to the surrounding air. Depending on the instrument, the bridge may be made of carved wood (violin family instruments, acoustic guitars and some jazz guitars), metal (electric guitars such as the Fender Telecaster) or other materials. The bridge supports the strings and holds them over the body of the instrument under tension.
Murder of Sabina Nessa
On the evening of 17 September 2021, Sabina Nessa, a 28-year-old woman was murdered in south east London. Her body was found the following day in Cator Park, Greenwich, having been beaten and strangled.

Koci Selamaj, an Albanian-born man residing in Eastbourne, East Sussex, pleaded guilty to her murder in February 2022 and was sentenced to life imprisonment in April 2022.

Strangling
Strangling or strangulation is the compression of the neck leading to an increasingly hypoxic state in the brain, which can lead to unconsciousness or even death. Fatal strangulation typically occurs in cases of violence, accidents, and is one of two main ways that hanging causes death (alongside breaking the victim's neck).

Strangling does not have to be fatal; limited or interrupted strangling is practiced in erotic asphyxia, in the choking game, and is an important technique in many combat sports and self-defense systems. Strangling can be divided into three general types according to the mechanism used:

Hanging — Suspension from a cord wound around the neck

Ligature strangulation — Strangulation without suspension using some form of cord-like object (ligature) called a garrote

Manual strangulation — Strangulation using the fingers, hands, or other extremity
Vorkreist
Vorkreist is a French blackened death metal band based in Paris that shares members with the black metal bands Antaeus and Hell Militia. "Vorkreist" is a barbarism created by the band that supposedly means Antichrist.

Blackened death metal
Blackened death metal (also known as black death metal) is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal that fuses elements of black metal and death metal.

The genre emerged in early 1990s when black metal bands began incorporating elements of death metal and vice versa. The genre typically employs death growls, tremolo picking, blast beats, and Satanic lyrics and imagery. Bands of the genre typically employ corpse paint, which was adapted from black metal.
Chitpol
Chittpol (Nepali: चित्तपोल) is a village and former Village Development Committee in Bhaktapur District in the Bagmati Zone of central Nepal. In 2014, it was merged into the newly formed Suryabinayak Municipality by the Government of Nepal in order to remove all Village Development Committees in the Districts of Kathmandu and Bhaktapur.  At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4,689 with 819 houses in it.

Kathmandu District
Kathmandu District (Nepali: काठमाडौं जिल्लाListenⓘ; Nepal Bhasa: ये: जिल्ला) is a district located in Kathmandu Valley, Bagmati Province of Nepal. It is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal, covers an area of 413.69 km2 (159.73 sq mi), and is the most densely populated district of Nepal with 10,81,845 inhabitants in 2001, 17,44,240 in 2011 and 20,41,587 in 2021. The administrative headquarters of Kathmandu district is located in Kathmandu. The city has 21 post offices which handle mail from across the country and beyond, with Kathmandu DPO having 44,600 as its postal code for international mail delivery services like UPS or DHL Couriers etc.
Jordan Samuel
Jordan Samuel is a Canadian make-up artist. He was nominated for an Academy Award in the category Best Makeup and Hairstyling for the film Frankenstein.

In addition to his Academy Award nomination, he won a Primetime Emmy Award and was nominated for one more in the category Outstanding Makeup for his work on the television programs The Kennedys and The Secret Life of Marilyn Monroe.

The Secret Life of Marilyn Monroe
The Secret Life of Marilyn Monroe is a 2015 American biographical drama miniseries on Marilyn Monroe. It stars Kelli Garner, Susan Sarandon, Emily Watson, Jeffrey Dean Morgan, and Eva Amurri Martino and was first aired on Lifetime on May 30 and 31, 2015. The (two-hour forty-seven minute) miniseries is based on The New York Times bestseller of the same name by J. Randy Taraborrelli. It was nominated for three Creative Arts Emmy Awards.
Jack McPhillips
Leslie John McPhillips (21 March 1910 – 1 September 2004) was an Australian communist and trade unionist. He joined the Communist Party of Australia in 1929.

Jack was one of the early generation of CPA union officials, he was a long-time leader of the Communist Party of Australia and was prominent in the union movement of the 1940s, '50s and '60s. When the CPA denounced the Soviet intervention in Czechoslovakia, McPhillips sided with the pro-Soviet tendency in the party. He opposed the new 'Eurocommunist' line of the party. In 1971 he took part in breaking away from CPA and forming the Socialist Party of Australia. He was President of SPA from 1984 to 1988.

Communist Party of Australia (1971)
The Communist Party of Australia (CPA) is a communist party in Australia. It was founded in 1971 as the Socialist Party of Australia (SPA) and adopted its current name in 1996. The party was established by former members of the original Communist Party of Australia who resigned or were expelled due to internal disagreements over the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia and the party's adoption of Eurocommunism. The party had its first and only electoral win in 2012 when it gained a seat on the Auburn City Council, which they held until 2016.
Rivista di Filologia e di Istruzione Classica
Rivista di Filologia e di Istruzione Classica or Riv. Fil. or RFIC is a peer-reviewed Italian academic journal, Published by Brepols. It presents articles and essays on Greek and Roman languages and literatures, history, philosophy, religion, art, and society. Founded in 1872 by Domenico Pezzi and Giuseppe Müller, the journal has published important authors and contributions since its first issue. Gaetano de Sanctis, Augusto Rostagni, Antonio Maddalena, Scevola Mariotti, Leopoldo Gamberale, and Franco Montanari have counted among the most prominent classicists to lead the publication of the RFIC.

Latin literature
Latin literature includes the essays, histories, poems, plays, and other writings written in the Latin language. The beginning of formal Latin literature dates to 240 BC, when the first stage play in Latin was performed in Rome. Latin literature flourished for the next six centuries. The classical era of Latin literature can be roughly divided into several periods: early Latin literature, the golden age, the imperial period and Late Antiquity.

Latin was the language of the ancient Romans as well as being the lingua franca of Western and Central Europe throughout the Middle Ages. Latin literature features the work of Roman authors, such as Cicero, Virgil, Ovid and Horace, but also includes the work of European writers after the fall of the Empire, from religious writers like Aquinas (1225–1274) to secular writers like Francis Bacon (1561–1626), Baruch Spinoza (1632–1677), and Isaac Newton (1642–1727).
Neoleucinodes elegantalis
Neoleucinodes elegantalis is a moth of the family Crambidae described by Achille Guenée in 1854. It ìs found in Mexico, Costa Rica, Cuba, Honduras, Grenada, Guatemala, Jamaica, Panama, Puerto Rico, Trinidad and Tobago, Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay and Venezuela.

The larvae feed by burrowing into the fruit of Solanum species, including Solanum lycopersicum, Solanum melongena, Solanum aethiopicum, Solanum betaceum, Solanum quitoense, Solanum sessiliflorum, Solanum acerifolium, Solanum atropurpureum, Solanum crinitum, Solanum torvum, Solanum hirtum, Solanum lycocarpum, Solanum pseudolulo, Solanum viarum and Solanum sisymbriifolium, as well as Capsicum annuum. They feed on the flesh and seed of the fruit.

Solanum lycocarpum
Solanum lycocarpum, or wolf apple, is common in the Brazilian Cerrado ecoregion. In Portuguese, the plant is called lobeira (lit. 'wolf's plant') or fruta-do-lobo ('wolf's fruit').
The name "wolf's apple" comes from the fact that its fruit accounts for more than 50% of maned wolves' diet. Likewise, the scientific name "lycocarpum" is formed from Latinized Greek elements "lyco-", meaning "wolf", and "carpum" meaning "fruit".
2010 World Cup Taekwondo Team Championships
The 2010 World Cup Taekwondo Team Championships is the 3rd edition of the World Cup Taekwondo Team Championships, and was held at Xinjiang Sports Center in Urumqi, China from July 17 to July 20, 2010.

The participating male and female teams were divided into five groups each and the top four countries from the previous championship and the host country are seeded. Top five teams and three best-record teams among the second-placed teams in the men's and women's division of the preliminary round advanced to the quarterfinal round. The quarterfinal, semifinal and final matches were conducted in a single elimination format.

Ürümqi
Ürümqi is the capital and largest city of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in Northwestern China. With a census population of 4 million in 2020, Ürümqi is the second-largest city in China's northwestern interior after Xi'an, and the second-largest in Central Asia in terms of population, after Kabul, Afghanistan. Ürümqi has seen significant economic development since the 1990s and currently serves as a regional transport node and a cultural, political and commercial center.
Terre-de-Haut racer
The Terre-de-Haut racer (Alsophis sanctonum) is a species of snake found in the Caribbean, on the Lesser Antilles. This species is endemic to Terre-de-Bas Island and Terre-de-Haut Island which make up the Îles des Saintes. Terre-de-Bas and Terre-de-Haut are very small islands with a total area of approximately 13 km2. Because of its presence only on this small area, it is a highly protected species.

It can reach nearly a meter in length. It feeds on lizards and small rodents. It rarely bites humans, but may release a foul-smelling (though harmless) cloacal secretion when disturbed.

Cloaca
A cloaca (/kloʊˈeɪkə/ ⓘ kloh-AY-kə), pl.: cloacae (/kloʊˈeɪsi/ kloh-AY-see or /kloʊˈeɪki/ kloh-AY-kee), or vent, is the rear orifice that serves as the only opening for the digestive (rectum), reproductive, and urinary tracts (if present) of many vertebrate animals. All amphibians, reptiles, birds, cartilaginous fish and a few mammals (monotremes, afrosoricids, and marsupial moles) have this orifice, from which they excrete both urine and feces; this is in contrast to most placental mammals, which have separate orifices for evacuation and reproduction. Excretory openings with analogous purpose in some invertebrates are also sometimes called cloacae. Mating through the cloaca is called cloacal copulation and cloacal kissing.

The cloacal region is also often associated with a secretory organ, the cloacal gland, which has been implicated in the scent-marking behavior of some reptiles, marsupials, amphibians, and monotremes.
Theo Anthony
Theo Anthony is an American film director, editor, and cinematographer from Baltimore, Maryland known for his documentary films, including 2016's Rat Film. Anthony's work draws inspiration from the experimental film essays of directors such as Harun Farocki and Chris Marker.

Chris Marker
Chris Marker (French: [maʁkɛʁ]; 29 July 1921 – 29 July 2012) (born Christian-François Bouche-Villeneuve) was a French writer, photographer, documentary film director, multimedia artist and film essayist. His best known films are La Jetée (1962), A Grin Without a Cat (1977) and Sans Soleil (1983). Marker is usually associated with the Left Bank subset of the French New Wave that occurred in the late 1950s and 1960s, and included such other filmmakers as Alain Resnais, Agnès Varda and Jacques Demy.

His friend and sometime collaborator Alain Resnais called him "the prototype of the twenty-first-century man." Film theorist Roy Armes has said of him: "Marker is unclassifiable because he is unique... French Cinema has its dramatists and its poets, its technicians, and its autobiographers, but only has one true essayist: Chris Marker."
Jaakson
Jaakson is an Estonian patronymic surname meaning "son of Jaak". Notable people with the surname include:

Aleksander Jaakson (1892–1942), Estonian military commander

Arvo Jaakson (1942–2019), Estonian politician

Ernst Jaakson (1905–1998), Estonian diplomat

Jüri Jaakson (1870–1942), Estonian businessman and politician

Aleksander Jaakson
Aleksander Jaakson (29 January 1892 – 2 October 1942) was an Estonian general and educator. After beginnings as a teacher in Türi, he served with the Imperial Russian Army in World War I, and was advanced to Staff Captain. During the disintegration of the Russian Republic in 1917, he returned home to establish a branch of the Estonian Defence League. He was a decorated participant in the Estonian War of Independence and later continued serving in the Estonian Defence Forces in various positions, including military education.

Jaakson was the Estonian Minister of Education from 1936 to 1939, contributing to the establishment of various institutions—including Tallinn Technical University and the Estonian Academy of Sciences. His final contributions were as the last Chief of Staff of the Estonian Army, in which capacity he served from 1939 to 1940, reaching the rank of major general. With the onset of Soviet occupation, he was arrested by NKVD in 1940 and killed at Kirov two years later.
Louis L. Kaplan
Louis L. Kaplan was a known educator in the Baltimore, Maryland area, especially with his involvement in Jewish education, and the University System of Maryland. Kaplan was the president of Baltimore Hebrew University for forty years, a member of the University of Maryland Board of Regents, and the acting chancellor of the University of Maryland, Baltimore County from 1976 to 1977.

Katz Center for Advanced Judaic Studies
The Herbert D. Katz Center for Advanced Judaic Studies at the University of Pennsylvania, commonly called the Katz Center, is a postdoctoral research center devoted to the study of Jewish history and civilization.
Sabra (surname)
Sabra or Sabrah is both a given name and surname with multiple origins.
The term Sabra is also derived from the Arabic sabr, meaning patience. Sabra is also the Arabic name for the Opuntia, a type of prickly pear cactus. The term was adopted by Hebrew speakers in Israel for the cactus and is also a colloquial term used since the 1930s to describe someone who is born in Israel.

Notable people with the name include:

Patience
Patience, or forbearance, is the ability to endure difficult or undesired long-term circumstances. Patience involves patience or tolerance in the face of delay, provocation, or stress without responding negatively, such as reacting with disrespect or anger. Patience is also used to refer to the character trait of being disciplined and steadfast. Antonyms of patience include impatience, hastiness, and impetuousness.
History of the Chicago White Sox
The Chicago White Sox are a Major League Baseball team based on the South Side of Chicago. They are one of eight charter members of the American League, having played in Chicago since the inaugural 1901 season. They have won six American League pennants and three World Series titles, most recently in 2005.

Scott Podsednik
Scott Eric Podsednik (/pədˈsɛdnɪk/; born March 18, 1976) is an American former professional baseball outfielder in Major League Baseball (MLB). Best known for his baserunning, Podsednik led the major leagues in stolen bases in 2004 with 70, in times caught stealing in 2005 with 23, and the American League in times caught stealing in 2006 with 19. He won the World Series with the 2005 Chicago White Sox, hitting a walk-off home run in Game 2.
Adam Russell Taylor
Adam Russell Taylor is president of Sojourners, a Christian nonprofit organization focused on the biblical call to social justice. He is also the author of A More Perfect Union: A New Vision for Building the Beloved Community and Mobilizing Hope: Faith-Inspired Activism for a Post Civil Rights Generation. Taylor is ordained in the American Baptist Church and Progressive National Baptist Convention.

Progressive National Baptist Convention
The Progressive National Baptist Convention (PNBC), incorporated as the Progressive National Baptist Convention, Inc., is a progressive Baptist Christian denomination emphasizing civil rights and social justice. The headquarters of the Progressive National Baptist Convention are in Washington, D.C. Part of the Black church tradition, since its organization, the denomination has member churches outside the United States, particularly in the Caribbean and Europe. It is a member of the National Council of Churches and the Baptist World Alliance.
Manfred Eglin
Manfred Eglin (10 October 1935 – 10 August 2001) was a German footballer who played as a goalkeeper. Born in Karlsruhe, Eglin played for Karlsruher FV and Stuttgarter Kickers, and represented Germany in the 1956 Summer Olympics.

Karlsruher FV
The Karlsruher Fußball-Verein e. V. is a German association football club that plays in Karlsruhe, Baden-Württemberg. Established on 17 November 1891, KFV was a founding member of the German Football Association (Deutscher Fussball-Bund) in 1900 and is the oldest still existing football club in Southern Germany. The club was one of the leading German football clubs before the First World War. The team went on to capture the national championship in 1910 with a 1–0 victory over Holstein Kiel, but lost the final in 1905 and 1912. The KFV claimed the Southern German football championship from 1901 to 1905 and from 1910 to 1912. After a financial collapse and a resulting disqualification from league operations in 2004, the club continued its activities in 2007.
SmashBrand
SmashBrand is a brand and packaging design agency based in Boise, Idaho. It was founded in 2009 by Kevin Smith and Michael Keplinger. The firm works in consumer packaged goods on brand strategy, packaging design, and consumer testing.

Fast-moving consumer goods
Fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) are products that are sold quickly and at a relatively low cost. Examples include non-durable household goods such as packaged foods, beverages, toiletries, candies, cosmetics, over-the-counter drugs, dry goods, and other consumables.

Fast-moving consumer goods have a high inventory turnover and are contrasted with specialty items, which have lower sales and higher inventory holding costs. Many retailers carry only FMCGs, particularly hypermarkets, big box stores, and warehouse club stores. Small convenience stores also stock fast-moving goods; the limited shelf space is filled with higher-turnover items.
Old Home Week (film)
Old Home Week is a 1925 American silent comedy film directed by Victor Heerman and written by George Ade and Thomas J. Geraghty. The film stars Thomas Meighan, Lila Lee, Charles Dow Clark, Max Figman, Charles Sellon, Zelma Tiden, and Sidney Paxton. The film was released on May 25, 1925, by Paramount Pictures.

Thomas Meighan
Thomas Meighan (April 9, 1879 – July 8, 1936) was an American actor of silent films and early talkies. He played several leading-man roles opposite popular actresses of the day, including Mary Pickford and Gloria Swanson. At one point he earned $10,000 per week.
1980 United Virginia Bank Classic
The 1980 United Virginia Bank Classic, also known as the Richmond WCT, was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Richmond Coliseum in Richmond, Virginia, United States. The event was part of World Championship Tennis category of the 1980 Volvo Grand Prix circuit. It was the 15th edition of the tournament and was held from January 28 through February 3, 1980. First-seeded John McEnroe won the singles title and the $30,200 first-prize money.

Richmond WCT
The Richmond WCT, also known by its sponsored names Fidelity Bankers Invitational and United Virginia Bank Tennis Classic, was a men's tennis tournament played in Richmond, Virginia in the United States founded in 1966 as the Richmond Invitational Indoor Championships . The inaugural edition in February 1966 was a two-day event with eight player and without prize money. The first six editions, from 1966 through 1971, were invitational tournaments and were held at the Richmond Arena. The 1970 edition was the first one to offer prize money, namely $12,500. In 1972 the event became part of the World Championship Tennis (WCT) Tour and moved to the Richmond Coliseum. All subsequent editions were held at the Coliseum except for the 1983 edition which was held at the Robins Center. All editions were held on indoor carpet courts. Lou Einwick was the tournament chairman or director for all editions.
Jacques François Rosart
Jacques François Rosart (1714, Namur – 26 May 1777) was a punchcutter, engraver and founder of metal type from the Austrian Netherlands (modern Belgium).

Rosart operated a successful type foundry in Brussels after arriving in the city in 1759, and before that worked in Haarlem. His typefaces were in the "transitional" style, and he also made script typefaces, which he called a Financière style, music typefaces and shadowed capitals.

Digital typefaces based on Rosart's work have been published.

Punchcutting
Punchcutting is a craft used in traditional typography to cut letter punches in steel as the first stage of making metal type. Steel punches in the shape of the letter would be used to stamp matrices into copper, which were locked into a mould shape to cast type. Cutting punches and casting type was the first step of traditional typesetting. The cutting of letter punches was a highly skilled craft requiring much patience and practice. Often the designer of the type would not be personally involved in the cutting.

The initial design for type would be two-dimensional, but a punch has depth, and the three-dimensional shape of the punch, as well as factors such as the angle and depth to which it was driven into the matrix, would affect the appearance of the type on the page. The angle of the side of the punch was particularly significant.