hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
KM1500
KM1500 is a family of heavy off-road capable 8x8 military transport vehicles manufactured by Kia Motors for the South Korean Armed Forces. Versions of this vehicle carry KM-SAM and Hyunmoo-3 missiles. The M1502 tank transporter can carry the K1 88-Tank.

The vehicle weighs 32 t and is 11 m long, 3 m wide and 3.6 m high. It is designed to withstand harsh environmental conditions such as exposure to electromagnetic waves and cryogenic or hot conditions. It has a 60% slope / 20% transverse slip capability and is capable of crossing a river with a depth of 76 cm. An 8X8 front wheel drive, 16 stage AMT, full air braking device and ABS are installed. The vehicle is powered by a modified Powertech commercial diesel engine with a rating of 450 horsepower and 190 kg/m, providing a top speed of 90 km/h and a cruising range of 700 km.

M-SAM
The M-SAM (Medium-range Surface-to-Air Missile; Skybolt; Korean: 천궁; Hanja: 天弓; RR: Cheongung), or often called KM-SAM, is a South Korean medium range surface-to-air missile (SAM) system that was developed by the Agency for Defense Development (ADD) with technical support from Almaz-Antey and Fakel, based on technology from the 9M96 missile used on S-350E and S-400 missile systems. The project was named  Cheolmae-2 (Iron Hawk; Korean: 철매; Hanja: 鐵鷹; RR: Cheol-mae) during its development phase.  M-SAM serves as a key system in South Korea's Korean Air and Missile Defense (KAMD).
Fredrik Riben
Vice Admiral Carl Fredrik Wilhelm Riben (13 May 1868 – 3 August 1950) was a senior Swedish Navy officer. Riben served as head of the Royal Swedish Naval Academy (1918–1921), of the Military Office of the Minister for Naval Affairs (1921–1923), as Commander-in-Chief of the Coastal Fleet (1923–1925) as well as of Stockholm Naval Station (1926–1933). He also served as president of the Royal Swedish Academy of War Sciences (1933–1935) and chairman of the Directorate of the Swedish Nobility Foundation (1940–1944).

Royal Swedish Society of Naval Sciences
The Royal Swedish Society of Naval Sciences (Swedish: Kungliga Örlogsmannasällskapet, KÖMS), founded in 1771 by King Gustav III, is one of the Royal Academies in Sweden. The Society is an independent organization and a forum for navy and defence issues. Fellowship is limited to 120 chairs under the age of 60.
Chaetobranchini
Chaetobranchini is a tribe of the subfamily Cichlinae, the American cichlids. They are distributed from the river basin of the Orinoco and the Guianas south to the basins of the Río Paraná and Río Paraguay . The two recognised genera of the Chaetobranchini have been classified together with Astronotus in the subfamily Astronotinae but the consensus is that this genus forms the monogeneric tribe, the Astronotini, these two each being one of the seven tribes in Cichlinae.

Paraguay River
The Paraguay River (Ysyry Paraguái in Guarani, Rio Paraguai in Portuguese, Río Paraguay in Spanish) is a major river in south-central South America, running through Brazil and Paraguay and forming parts of the Paraguay-Argentina, Brazil-Bolivia, and Brazil-Paraguay borders. It flows about 2,621 kilometres (1,629 mi) from its headwaters in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso to its confluence with the Paraná River north of Corrientes and Resistencia.
Michael Cohen (physicist)
Michael Cohen (May 9, 1930 — June 30, 2024) was an American condensed matter physicist and professor emeritus at the University of Pennsylvania. He worked on understanding liquid helium, ferroelectrics, and biological membranes using quantum mechanics.

He was a fellow of the American Physical Society and co-founder and Honorary Trustee of the Aspen Center for Physics (ACP), described as a "utopia for physicists."

Biological membrane
A biological membrane or biomembrane is a selectively permeable membrane that separates the interior of a cell from the external environment or creates intracellular compartments by serving as a boundary between one part of the cell and another. Biological membranes, in the form of eukaryotic cell membranes, consist of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded, integral and peripheral proteins used in communication and transportation of chemicals and ions. The bulk of lipids in a cell membrane provides a fluid matrix for proteins to rotate and laterally diffuse for physiological functioning. Proteins are adapted to high membrane fluidity environment of the lipid bilayer with the presence of an annular lipid shell, consisting of lipid molecules bound tightly to the surface of integral membrane proteins. The cell membranes are different from the isolating tissues formed by layers of cells, such as mucous membranes, basement membranes, and serous membranes.
Geoff Norcott
Geoffrey Frank Norcott (born 16 December 1976) is an English comedian, writer and political commentator. He first performed in 2001 and has appeared on Mock the Week, Live at the Apollo and Question Time, and written for The Daily Telegraph, The Independent and Spiked.

A League of Their Own (British game show)
A League of Their Own is a British sports-based comedy panel game show that was first broadcast on Sky One on 11 March 2010 and concluded with its twentieth and final series on 17 December 2025. The show was hosted by Romesh Ranganathan with Jamie Redknapp and Jill Scott as team captains and Micah Richards as a regular panellist.
Millbrook Steamboat and Trading Co.
The Millbrook Steamboat & Trading Company was a ferry operator on the River Tamar between Devon and Cornwall in England. It was started in 1894, and initially operated a ferry route from Millbrook in Cornwall to Plymouth. It expanded, and eventually became the largest river boat operator in the Plymouth area. From 1943 it operated the Cremyll Ferry.

The company also operated bus services on the Rame Peninsula in Cornwall. The bus services were eventually taken over by Western National.

In 1980 the company was sold to Dart Pleasure Craft. In 1985 the new owners pulled out of operations in the Plymouth area, and the company closed.

Millbrook, Cornwall
Millbrook (Cornish: Govermelin) is a civil parish and village in south-east Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. The village is situated on the Rame Peninsula four miles (6.5 km) south of Saltash. The population of Millbrook was 2,033 in the 2001 census, increasing to 2,214 at the 2011 census. Millbrook is at the head of a tidal creek which has been dammed since 1977 as a flood prevention measure. The resulting pool and wetlands are a birdwatching site.

The seal of the borough of Millbrook was a mill with waterwheel in a stream of water amid trees and hounds, with the legend "Sigillum de Millbrookia".
When Nelson Met Lisa
"When Nelson Met Lisa" is the ninth episode of the thirty-fourth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons, and the 737th episode overall. It aired in the United States on Fox on November 27, 2022. The episode was directed by Steven Dean Moore and written by Ryan Koh.

In this episode, Lisa and Nelson encounter each other at several different moments in the future and reflect on their lives. The episode guest stars Simu Liu as Adult Hubert Wong, Adult Lisa Simpson's tech billionaire boyfriend. The episode received mixed reviews. It is also another episode when Lisa meets Nelson, whom they also met each other in “Lisa’s Date with Density”.

Ryan Koh
Ryan Koh is an American television writer. He is currently a writer and co-executive producer for The Simpsons. He has also worked as a writer and producer on The Office, New Girl, Workaholics, and Cougar Town.
Video codec
A video codec is software or hardware that compresses and decompresses digital video. In the context of video compression, codec is a portmanteau of encoder and decoder, while a device that only compresses is typically called an encoder, and one that only decompresses is a decoder.

The compressed data format usually conforms to a standard video coding format. The compression is typically lossy, meaning that the compressed video lacks some information present in the original video. A consequence of this is that decompressed video has lower quality than the original, uncompressed video because there is insufficient information to accurately reconstruct the original video.

There are complex relationships between the video quality, the amount of data used to represent the video (determined by the bit rate), the complexity of the encoding and decoding algorithms, sensitivity to data losses and errors, ease of editing, random access, and end-to-end delay (latency).

Computer hardware
Computer hardware includes the physical parts of a computer, such as the central processing unit (CPU), random-access memory (RAM), motherboard, computer data storage, graphics card, sound card, and computer case. It includes external devices such as a monitor, mouse, keyboard, and speakers.

By contrast, software is a set of written  instructions that can be stored and run by hardware. Hardware derived its name from the fact it is hard or rigid with respect to changes, whereas software is soft because it is easy to change.

Hardware is typically directed by the software to execute any command or instruction. A combination of hardware and software forms a usable computing system, although other systems exist with only hardware.
Nicolás Urquiza
Nicolás Grasso Urquiza (born February 5, 1969) is an Argentine artist and designer. His figurative artwork, as well as his fashion pieces, often make use of erotic and provocative imagery  strongly influenced by the nature and culture of the Alto Paraná Atlantic forests and Salvador de Bahia. His decorative work for interiors and events incorporates rich floral design and a meticulous selection of vintage furniture. Urquiza is currently based in New York City.

Floral design
Floral design or flower arrangement is the art of using plant material and flowers to create an eye-catching and balanced composition or display. Evidence of refined floral design is found as far back as the culture of ancient Egypt. Floral designs, called arrangements, incorporate the five elements and seven principles of floral design.

Floral design is considered a section of floristry. But floral design pertains only to the design and creation of arrangements. It does not include the marketing, merchandising, caring of, growing of, or delivery of flowers.

Common flower arrangements in floral design include vase arrangements, wreaths, nosegays, garlands, festoons, boutonnieres, corsages, and bouquets.
Zhudong railway station
Zhudong railway station (Chinese: 竹東車站; pinyin: Zhúdōng Chēzhàn) is a railway station located in Zhudong Township, Hsinchu County, Taiwan. It is located on the Neiwan line and is operated by the Taiwan Railway.

Taiwan Railway
Taiwan Railway (TR) is a state-owned conventional railway in Taiwan. It is operated by the Taiwan Railway Corporation under the supervision of the Ministry of Transportation and Communications, responsible for managing, maintaining, and running conventional passenger and freight railway services on 1,097 km (682 mi) of track in Taiwan. Passenger traffic in 2018 was 231,267,955.

The railway was previously operated by Taiwan Railways Administration (TRA). On 1 January 2024, Taiwan Railway Administration became a state-owned corporation, Taiwan Railway Corporation.
East Preston, West Sussex
East Preston is a coastal village and civil parish in the Arun District of West Sussex, England. It lies roughly halfway between Littlehampton and Worthing.

East Preston comprises the following residential areas, from east to west: Kingston Gorse, West Kingston, Angmering-on-Sea, East Preston Village and The Willowhayne.

Arun District
Arun is a local government district in West Sussex, England. Its council is based in Littlehampton. The district's other towns are Arundel and Bognor Regis. The district is named after the River Arun, which runs through the centre of the district. Parts of the district fall within the South Downs National Park.

The district is on the coast, facing the English Channel. The neighbouring districts are Chichester, Horsham, Adur and Worthing.
Kooistra
Kooistra is a Dutch-language surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Clarence L. Kooistra (born 1941), American politician

Joost Kooistra (born 1976), Dutch volleyball player

Lorraine Janzen Kooistra, Canadian academic

Paul Kooistra (born 1942), American minister and college president

Pieter Kooistra (1922–1988), Dutch artist and advocate for a global basic income

Sam Kooistra (1935–2010), American water polo player, brother of William

Scott Kooistra (born 1980), American football player

William Kooistra (1926–1995), American water polo player, brother of Sam

Wytze Kooistra (born 1982), Dutch volleyball player

Paul Kooistra
Paul Kooistra is the former President of Covenant Theological Seminary and Erskine College.

Kooistra is a Presbyterian minister and the past coordinator of Mission to the World, the missions agency of the Presbyterian Church in America (PCA). He was elected moderator of the 2008-2009 General Assembly of the PCA.

On July 18, 2014, he was elected president of Erskine College, which is affiliated with the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church. He resigned in 2016.
Ero s onoga svijeta
Ero s onoga svijeta (Croatian for 'Ero from the Other World'), usually translated as Ero the Joker, is a Croatian comic opera in three acts by Jakov Gotovac, with a libretto by Milan Begović based on a folk tale. The genesis of the opera was at Vrlička Česma in the town of Vrlika, a hometown of Milan Begović.

According to Croatian musicologist Josip Andreis, Ero s onoga svijeta is "not only the most successful Croatian comic opera to this day, but also the only Croatian opera with a presence in the theaters abroad". American musicologist and music critic Ralph P. Locke described it as one of two major Croatian operas, alongside Nikola Šubić Zrinski.

Ralph P. Locke
Ralph P. Locke (born 1949) is an American musicologist, classical music critic and professor emeritus of musicology at Eastman School of Music. He founded the Eastman Studies in Music series. He is a contributor to the New Grove Dictionary of Music and several other books, and has been editor of several journals. He is also "one of the most published musicologists on orientalism and music." Locke earned his BA at Harvard University and his PhD at the University of Chicago.
Catocala badia
Catocala badia, the bay underwing, bayberry underwing or old maid,  is a moth of the family Erebidae. It is found from southern Maine and New Hampshire south to New York and Connecticut.

The wingspan is 50–60 mm. There is probably one generation per year. The badia subspecies is listed as a species of special concern in Connecticut.

The larvae feed on Comptonia peregrina, Myrica cerifera, Myrica gale, and Myrica pensylvanica.

Comptonia peregrina
Comptonia peregrina is a species of flowering plant in the family Myricaceae native to eastern North America. It is the only extant (living) species in the genus Comptonia, although some extinct species are placed in the genus.
Purum people
The Purums are a Tibeto-Burman indigenous ethnic group of Manipur state in India. They are (or were) notable because their marriage system is the subject of ongoing statistical and ethnographical analysis; Buchler states that "they are perhaps the most over-analyzed society in anthropology". Purums marry only in selected sibs; the allowed sibs are fixed by traditional customs.
The Purums are divided into five sibs, namely, Marrim, Makan, Kheyang, Thao and Parpa. There is no indigenous centralized government.
They use Meitei language as their second language (L2) according to the Ethnologue.

According to the 1931 Census of India, the Purums numbered 145 men and 158 women, all practising their ancestral ethnic religion; in 1936 they numbered 303 individuals but in the 1951 census they numbered only 43 individuals.

Second language
A second language (L2) is a language spoken in addition to one's first language (L1). A second language may be a neighbouring language, another language of the speaker's home country, or a foreign language.

A speaker's dominant language, which is the language a speaker uses most or is most comfortable with, is not necessarily the speaker's first language. For example, the Canadian census defines first language for its purposes as "What is the language that this person first learned at home in childhood and still understands?", recognizing that for some, the earliest language may be lost, a process known as language attrition. This can happen when young children start school or move to a new language environment.
Chris Malton
Christopher John Malton (born 1 January 1969) is a former English cricketer. Malton was a right-handed batsman who played primarily as a wicketkeeper.

In 1993, Malton played 2 Minor Counties Championship matches for Cambridgeshire against Staffordshire and Suffolk.

Malton made his List-A debut for Huntingdonshire in the 2000 NatWest Trophy against a Hampshire Cricket Board side and also played against a Yorkshire Cricket Board in the 2nd round of the same competition. He played 3 further List-A matches for Huntingdonshire, against Oxfordshire in the 1st round of the 2001 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy and a further game against Surrey Cricket Board in the 2nd round of the same competition. His final List-A match for the county came against a Gloucestershire Cricket Board side in the 1st round of the 2002 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy, which Huntingdonshire lost.

In his 5 List-A matches, he scored 128 runs at a batting average of 32.00, with a high score of 37.

Gloucestershire Cricket Board
The Gloucestershire Cricket Board (GCB) is the governing body for all recreational cricket in the historic county of Gloucestershire.

From 1999 to 2003 the Board fielded a team in the early rounds of English domestic one-day tournament matches, which had List A status. They played a total of seven List A games, winning two.
Lex Berezhny
Lex Berezhny is an American Republican party politician and software engineer. He represents the Grafton 11th district in the New Hampshire House of Representatives.

Berezhny was born in Ukraine and emigrated to Chicago, Illinois, at the age of 7. He spoke out against the Russian invasion of Ukraine shortly after it began in 2022. He supported the comments of the former president of Poland, Lech Wałęsa, about "the unfinished job of defeating Russia" when Wałęsa came to address the New Hampshire House of Representatives in 2022. He is a cosponsor of House Bill 1633 which would legalize the recreational use of cannabis. Berezhny ran unopposed in the 2024 New Hampshire House of Representatives election. He won re-election in 2024.

Ukrainian diaspora
The Ukrainian diaspora comprises Ukrainians and their descendants who live outside Ukraine around the world, especially those who maintain some kind of connection  to the land of their ancestors and maintain their feeling of Ukrainian national identity within their own local community. The Ukrainian diaspora is found throughout numerous regions worldwide including other post-Soviet states as well as in Canada and other countries such as Poland, the United States, the UK and Brazil.
Statue of Sir John Fox Burgoyne
The statue of Sir John Fox Burgoyne is a Grade II listed statue on the western flank of Waterloo Place. The street has a number of memorials and monuments.

John Fox Burgoyne was a British Army Officer who served in the Peninsular and Crimean War, later becoming a Field Marshal in 1869. The statue is by Joseph Edgar Boehm and was unveiled in 1877. It bears the inscription, a quote from Shakespeare's Coriolanus "How youngly he began to serve his country, how long continued", reflecting Burgoyne's extensive career in the army, serving just shy of seven decades.

Coriolanus
Coriolanus (/kɒriəˈleɪnəs/ or /-ˈlɑː-/) is a tragedy by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written between 1605 and 1608. The play is based on the life of the legendary Roman leader Gnaeus Marcius Coriolanus. Shakespeare worked on it during the same years he wrote Antony and Cleopatra, making them his last two tragedies.

Coriolanus is the name given to a Roman general after his military feats against the Volscians at Corioli. Following his success, others encourage Coriolanus to pursue the consulship, but his disdain for the plebeians and mutual hostility with the tribunes lead to his banishment from Rome. In exile, he presents himself to the Volscians, then leads them against Rome. After he relents and agrees to a peace with Rome, he is killed by his previous Volscian allies.
Eathiestrobus
Eathiestrobus mackenziei is a fossil conifer cone found in the Kimmeridge Clay Formation (Upper Jurassic) near Eathie, on the Black Isle in Scotland. It is the oldest fossil currently known in the family Pinaceae.

Black Isle
The Black Isle (Scottish Gaelic: an t-Eilean Dubh, pronounced [ən̪ˠ ˈtʲʰelan ˈt̪uh]) is a peninsula within Ross and Cromarty, in the Scottish Highlands.  It includes the towns of Cromarty and Fortrose, and the villages of Culbokie, Resolis, Jemimaville, Rosemarkie, Avoch, Munlochy, Tore, and North Kessock, as well as numerous smaller settlements. About 12,000 people live on the Black Isle, depending on the definition.

It contains the civil parishes of Killearnan, Knockbain, Avoch, Rosemarkie, Cromarty, Resolis, and Urquhart.  These parishes had a total population of 12,302  at the 2011 census.

The northern slopes of the Black Isle offer fine views of Dingwall, Ben Wyvis, Fyrish and the deepwater anchorage at Invergordon. To the south, Inverness and the Monadhliath Mountains can be seen.
Genn
Genn is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Antony Genn (born 1971), musician

Dave Genn (born 1969), musician

Felix Genn (born 1950), German Roman Catholic bishop

Hazel Genn (born 1949), lawyer

James Genn (born 1972), filmmaker

Leo Genn (1905–1978), actor

Robert Genn (1936–2014), artist

Leo Genn
Leopold John Genn (/ɡɛn/ GHEN; 9 August 1905 – 26 January 1978) was an English actor and barrister. Distinguished by his relaxed charm and smooth, "black velvet" voice, he had a lengthy career in theatre, film, television and radio, often playing aristocratic or gentlemanly, sophisticated roles.

Born to a Jewish family in London, Genn was educated as a lawyer and was a practising barrister until after World War II, in which he had served in the Royal Artillery as a lieutenant-colonel. He began his acting career at The Old Vic and made his film debut in 1935, starring in a total of 85 screen roles until his death in 1978. For his portrayal of Petronius in the 1951 Hollywood epic Quo Vadis, he received an Oscar nomination for Best Supporting Actor.
Walter Clarke Buchanan
Sir Walter Clarke Buchanan (20 June 1838 – 19 July 1924) was a New Zealand politician who became a member of the Reform Party that formed in 1909. Despite never being appointed as a minister, he was an influential politician and a strong advocate for farming interests.

1899 New Zealand general election
The 1899 New Zealand general election was held on 6 and 19 December in the European and Māori electorates, respectively, to elect 74 MPs to the 14th session of the New Zealand Parliament. The election was again won by the Liberal Party, and Richard Seddon remained Prime Minister.