hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
RASA4
Ras GTPase-activating protein 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the RASA4 gene.

This gene encodes a member of the GAP1 family of GTPase-activating proteins that suppresses the Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in response to Ca(2+). Stimuli that increase intracellular Ca(2+) levels result in the translocation of this protein to the plasma membrane, where it activates as GTPase activity. Consequently, Ras is converted from the active GTP-bound state to the inactive GDP-bound state and no longer activates downstream pathways that regulate gene expression, cell growth, and differentiation. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

Protein kinase
A protein kinase is a kinase which selectively modifies other proteins by covalently adding phosphates to them (phosphorylation) as opposed to kinases which modify lipids, carbohydrates, or other molecules. Phosphorylation usually results in a functional change of the target protein (substrate) by changing enzyme activity, cellular location, or association with other proteins. The human genome contains about 500 protein kinase genes and they constitute about 2% of all human genes. There are two main types of protein kinase. The great majority are serine/threonine kinases, which phosphorylate the hydroxyl groups of serines and threonines in their targets. Most of the others are tyrosine kinases, although additional types exist. Protein kinases are also found in bacteria and plants. Up to 30% of all human proteins may be modified by kinase activity, and kinases are known to regulate the majority of cellular pathways, especially those involved in signal transduction.
Photogeochemistry
Photogeochemistry merges photochemistry and geochemistry into the study of light-induced chemical reactions that occur or may occur among natural components of Earth's surface. The first comprehensive review on the subject was published in 2017 by the chemist and soil scientist Timothy A Doane, but the term photogeochemistry appeared a few years earlier as a keyword in studies that described the role of light-induced mineral transformations in shaping the biogeochemistry of Earth; this indeed describes the core of photogeochemical study, although other facets may be admitted into the definition.

Biogeochemistry
Biogeochemistry is the scientific discipline that involves the study of the chemical, physical, geological, and biological processes and reactions that govern the composition of the natural environment (including the biosphere, the cryosphere, the hydrosphere, the pedosphere, the atmosphere, and the lithosphere). In particular, biogeochemistry is the study of biogeochemical cycles, the cycles of chemical elements such as carbon and nitrogen, and their interactions with and incorporation into living things transported through earth scale biological systems in space and time. The field focuses on chemical cycles which are either driven by or influence biological activity. Particular emphasis is placed on the study of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, iron, and phosphorus cycles. Biogeochemistry is a systems science closely related to systems ecology.
Edward Farrell (athlete)
Edward Leo Farrell (June 14, 1885 – July 18, 1953) was an American  track and field athlete who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts and died in Watertown, Massachusetts. In 1912, he finished 13th in the triple jump event and 14th in the long jump competition.

In 1917, Farrell became the assistant track coach at Harvard University and was elevated to head coach in 1923, and was that until 1936.

Athletics at the 1912 Summer Olympics – Men's long jump
The men's long jump was a track and field athletics event held as part of the athletics at the 1912 Summer Olympics programme. The competition was held on Friday, July 12, 1912. Thirty long jumpers from 13 nations competed. NOCs could enter up to 12 athletes. The event was won by Albert Gutterson of the United States, the nation's fifth gold medal in the event in five Games. Calvin Bricker of Canada became the second man to win a second medal in the long jump, adding a silver to his 1908 bronze. Sweden won its first long jump medal with Georg Åberg's bronze.
Kadolec
Kadolec is a municipality and village in Žďár nad Sázavou District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.

Kadolec lies approximately 26 kilometres (16 mi) south-east of Žďár nad Sázavou, 40 km (25 mi) east of Jihlava, and 147 km (91 mi) south-east of Prague.

Vysočina Region
The Vysočina Region (IPA: [ˈvɪsotʃɪna]; Czech: Kraj Vysočina) is an administrative unit (Czech: kraj) of the Czech Republic. Its capital is Jihlava.

The region is located in the central part of the country. It is one of just three in the country (the others being Prague and the Central Bohemian Region) which does not have a border with a foreign country.

The Vysočina Region is home to three UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the most in any region in the Czech Republic.
Bhimgithe
Bhimgithe is a former village development committee in Baglung District in the Dhaulagiri Zone of central Nepal which now shares the wards 6 and 7 of Badigad Rural Municipality. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4,459 and had 781 houses in the village.

Dhaulagiri Zone
Dhaulagiri (Nepali: धौलागिरी अञ्चल Listenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones which Nepal was divided into for administrative purposes, prior to the September 10, 2015 adoption of a new Constitution, which divided the nation instead into 7 provinces.  It is in the Western Development Region of Nepal and its headquarters are Baglung. Famous trekking areas like Mustang, Muktinath, Kali Gandaki valley and Mt Dhaulagiri fall in this zone. Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve, the only hunting reserve in Nepal is spread over Baglung and Myagdi Districts of this zone.
Jeff Bray (politician)
Jeff Bray is the CEO of the Downtown Victoria Business Association. He is a former Canadian politician, who served as a BC Liberal Member of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 2001 to 2005, representing the riding of Victoria-Beacon Hill.

Legislative Assembly of British Columbia
The Legislative Assembly of British Columbia (French: Assemblée législative de la Colombie-Britannique) is the deliberative assembly of the Legislature of British Columbia, in the province of British Columbia, Canada. The legislature also includes the lieutenant governor of British Columbia. The assembly has 93 elected members and meets in Victoria. Members are elected from provincial ridings and are referred to as members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs). Bills passed by the assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor in the name of the King of Canada.

The current legislature is the 43rd Parliament. The most recent general election was held on October 19, 2024. Proceedings of the Legislative Assembly are broadcast by Hansard Broadcasting Services.
Dorado barrio-pueblo
Dorado barrio-pueblo is a barrio and the administrative center (seat) of Dorado, a municipality in Puerto Rico. Its population in 2010 was 780. It is one of the six barrios in the municipality of Dorado, Puerto Rico, along with Espinosa, Higuillar, Maguayo, Mameyal and Río Lajas.

As was customary in Spain, the municipality in Puerto Rico has a barrio called pueblo which contains a central plaza, the municipal buildings (city hall), and a Catholic church. Fiestas patronales (patron saint festivals) are held in the central plaza every year.

Seat of government
A seat of government is a "building, complex of buildings or the city from which a government exercises its authority". When referring to a city, the seat of government is generally the capital of the state or administrative entity in question, although there are exceptions. Particular terms for the seat of certain territorial subdivisions are administrative centre, county seat (common in the United States), county town (United Kingdom and Ireland), or barrio-pueblo (Puerto Rico), among others; buildings that may function as seats of government include official residences, supreme court buildings, city or town halls, administrative or executive buildings, shire or county halls, legislative buildings, and barangay halls.
Titanic: Honor and Glory
Titanic: Honor and Glory is an upcoming video game by Vintage Digital Revival. In development since 2012, the game is to feature a complete digital recreation of the RMS Titanic. The most recent demonstration for the game was released on March 3, 2023, allowing players to explore approximately half the ship.

Unreal Engine 4
Unreal Engine 4 (UE4) is the fourth version of Unreal Engine developed by Epic Games. UE4 began development in 2003 and was released in March 2014, with the first game using UE4 launching in April 2014. UE4 introduced support for physically based materials and a new visual programming language called "Blueprints". It was succeeded by Unreal Engine 5.
Batatais (footballer)
Algisto Lorenzato (May 20, 1910 – July 16, 1960), usually known as Batatais (after the Brazilian city where he was born), was a football (soccer) goalkeeper.

In career, started at early 1930s at Comercial Futebol Clube of Ribeirão Preto, he played for Portuguesa, Palmeiras, Fluminense and América-RJ where close his career in 1948.

He won five Rio de Janeiro State Tournament in 1936, 1937, 1938, 1940 and 1941. For Brazil national football team he participated at 1938 FIFA World Cup and played two matches.

He died in Rio de Janeiro at age 50.

Comercial Futebol Clube (Ribeirão Preto)
Comercial Futebol Clube (SP), commonly referred to as Comercial de Ribeirão Preto or simply as Comercial, is a professional association football club based in the city of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. The team participates in the Campeonato Paulista Série A4, the fourth tier of the São Paulo state football league.

The club's home colours are white and black and the team mascot is a lion.
New Mexico State Road 4
New Mexico State Road 4  (NM 4) is a 67.946-mile-long (109.348 km) state highway in Sandoval, Los Alamos, and Santa Fe counties in New Mexico, United States. It is significant as the main access route (in conjunction with NM 501 and NM 502) connecting the remote town of Los Alamos, Los Alamos National Laboratory, and Bandelier National Monument to other, more major highways in New Mexico.

Sandoval County, New Mexico
Sandoval County (Spanish: Condado de Sandoval) is a county located in the U.S. state of New Mexico. As of the 2020 census, the population was 148,834, making it the fourth-most populous county in New Mexico. The county seat is Bernalillo.

Sandoval County is part of the Albuquerque metropolitan area.
Zipaquirá Cathedral
The Cathedral of the Most Holy Trinity, St. Anthony of Padua and Our Lady of Assumption of Zipaquirá  (Spanish: Catedral de la Santísima Trinidad, San Antonio de Padua y Nuestra Señora de la Asunción) also called Zipaquirá Cathedral is a cathedral church of Catholic worship dedicated  under the joint patronage of the Holy Trinity and St. Anthony of Padua. It is located on the north side of the Comuneros Square, in the historic center of the city of Zipaquirá (Cundinamarca) in the South American country of Colombia.

Anthony of Padua
Anthony of Padua, OFM, or Anthony of Lisbon; born Fernando Martins de Bulhões (15 August 1195 – 13 June 1231) was a Portuguese Catholic priest and member of the Order of Friars Minor.

Anthony was born to and raised by a wealthy family in Lisbon, Portugal, and died in Padua, Italy. Noted by his contemporaries for his powerful preaching, expert knowledge of scripture, and undying love and devotion to the poor and the sick, he was one of the most quickly canonized saints in church history, being canonized less than a year after his death.

He was proclaimed a Doctor of the Church by Pope Pius XII on 16 January 1946.
St Laurence's Church, Ludlow
52°22′6″N 2°43′7″W﻿ / ﻿52.36833°N 2.71861°W﻿ / 52.36833; -2.71861

St Laurence's Church, Ludlow, is a Church of England parish church in Ludlow, Shropshire, England. It is a grade I listed building.

The church is a member of the Greater Churches Group and is the largest parish church in Shropshire. It was one of only 18 churches given a five-star rating in England's Thousand Greatest Churches by Simon Jenkins (1999) and is described as the "cathedral of the Marches". It is the 13th most popular free visitor attraction in the West Midlands, with 70,000 visitors per year.

Shropshire (district)
Shropshire is a unitary authority area in the ceremonial county of Shropshire, in the West Midlands region of England. It was created on 1 April 2009 from the former districts of Bridgnorth, North Shropshire, Oswestry, Shrewsbury and Atcham and South Shropshire. The district is governed by Shropshire Council. It contains 188 civil parishes.
Laureano Figuerola
Laureano Figuerola y Ballester (4 July 1816, in Calaf – 28 February 1903, in Madrid) was a Spanish lawyer, economist and politician who served as the Ministro de Hacienda y Administraciones Públicas (now the Ministro de Economía, Industria y Competitividad) during the Sexenio Democrático. He is best known for officially establishing the peseta as Spain's currency.

Spanish peseta
The peseta (/pəˈseɪtə/, Spanish: [peˈseta]) was the currency of Spain between 1868 and 2002. Along with the French franc, it was also a de facto currency used in Andorra (which had no national currency with legal tender).
Parapoynx allionealis
Parapoynx allionealis, the watermilfoil leafcutter moth, is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Francis Walker in 1859. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Louisiana, Maine, Manitoba, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Nova Scotia, Ohio, Oklahoma, Ontario, Quebec, South Carolina, Tennessee and Texas.

Adults have been recorded on wing year round in the southern part of the range.

The larvae feed on various aquatic plants, including Nymphaea odorata, Potamogeton natans, Potamogeton pusillus, Myriophyllum spicatum, Myriophyllum heterophyllum, Hydrochtoa caroliniensis, Eleocharis vivipara, Utricularia inflata and Salvinia rotundifolia. They live in a portable case made of plant material.

Nymphaea odorata
Nymphaea odorata, also known as the American white waterlily, fragrant water-lily, beaver root, fragrant white water lily, white water lily, sweet-scented white water lily, and sweet-scented water lily, is an aquatic plant belonging to the genus Nymphaea. It can commonly be found in shallow lakes, ponds, and permanent slow moving waters throughout North America where it ranges from Central America to northern Canada. It is also reported from Brazil and Guyana.
2001 King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes
The 2001 King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes was a horse race held at Ascot Racecourse on Saturday 28 July 2001. It was the 51st running of the King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes.

The winner was Susan Magnier and Michael Tabor's Galileo, a three-year-old bay colt trained at Ballydoyle by Aidan O'Brien and ridden by Mick Kinane. Galileo's victory was the first in the race for O'Brien and fourth for Kinane after Belmez (1990), King's Theatre (1994) and Montjeu (2000). Michael Tabor had previously won the race with Montjeu.

Montjeu
Montjeu (4 April 1996 – 29 March 2012) was an Irish-bred, French-trained thoroughbred horse racing racehorse and sire. In a racing career which lasted from September 1998 to November 2000, he ran sixteen times and won eleven races, including six at Group 1. After winning twice as a juvenile, he was the outstanding European racehorse of 1999, winning the Prix du Jockey Club, the Irish Derby and the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe. Four more victories in 2000 included the King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes. He was then retired to stud where he proved to be an outstanding sire of winners.

He died on 29 March 2012 at age 16 at Coolmore Stud from complications related to sepsis.
Bill Etherington (cricketer)
Maurice William Etherington (24 August 1916 – November 1986) was an English cricketer active from 1946 to 1948 who played for Middlesex and Leicestershire. He was born and died in Hammersmith. He appeared in five first-class matches as a righthanded batsman who bowled right arm fast. He scored 64 runs with a highest score of 27 and took eight wickets with a best performance of three for 23.

Seam bowling
Seam bowling is a bowling technique in cricket, in which the ball is deliberately bowled to hit the ground on its seam, to cause a random deviation when it bounces. A bowler who uses this technique is called a seam bowler or seamer.

Seam bowling is a form of fast bowling, although seam can also be a factor in medium-pace bowling. Although there are specialist seamers that make deliberate use of off cutter and leg cutter at the expense of bowling slower than regular fast bowlers, most bowlers employ the seam to some effect and so the terms "seamer" and "fast bowler" are largely synonymous. This was far less the case in the past, even the recent past. Bowlers such as Tom Cartwright and Derek Shackleton bowled seamers at a pace in the low 70mphs and were very successful due to their mastery of control and variation.
Liberty Billings
Liberty Billings (1823–1877) was an American officer in the Union Army, a Unitarian minister, and a state senator.

Billings was born in Saco, Maine in 1823. He was educated at Thornton Academy and later graduated from Meadville Theological School in 1848.

Billings served as Lieutenant Colonel of the 1st South Carolina Volunteer Infantry which in turn became the 33rd United States Colored Infantry during the American Civil War. He was a Republican (Radical Republican) during the Reconstruction Era and served as a state senator in Florida. He was involved in the constitutional convention that developed the 1868 Florida Constitution. Billings has been honored posthumously as a Great Floridian.

He was deemed ineligible to participate in the constitutional convention and was voted out along with others accused of being residents of other states.

The Billings House located in the Fernandina Beach Historic District in Fernandina Beach, Florida.

33rd United States Colored Infantry Regiment
The 33rd United States Colored Infantry Regiment was a U.S.C.T. infantry regiment of the Union Army during the American Civil War. It was re-organized from the colored 1st South Carolina Infantry in February 1864. It served with the Department of the South in South Carolina until it was mustered out on January 31, 1866. Henry E. Hayne, the future Secretary of State of South Carolina, served as the regiment's commissary sergeant.
Dino Ranch: Island Explorers
Dino Ranch: Island Explorers is a Canadian animated children's television series created by Matthew Fernandes. The series is co-produced by both Industrial Brothers and Boat Rocker Studios, and animated by Jam Filled Entertainment. The series aired on November 8, 2025.

A spin-off of Dino Ranch, the show follows the Cassidy Clan as they travel to Dino Island, where their uncle Jack Cassidy lives. The first season will consist of twenty-six episodes, with two segments per each.

Jam Filled Entertainment
Jam Filled Entertainment is a Canadian animation studio based in Ottawa, Ontario (with additional facilities in Toronto and Halifax), and is a subsidiary of Blue Ant Media.

The company is known for animating several Nicktoons series such as The Loud House and its spin-off The Casagrandes, and Pinky Malinky, as well as the Cartoon Network series DC Super Hero Girls and Final Space. Its Toronto division, formerly known as Arc Productions and Starz Animation, has worked on CGI films and series such as Chop Socky Chooks, Gnomeo & Juliet, Thomas & Friends, and VeggieTales.
Chafyn Grove School
Chafyn Grove School is a private co-educational day and boarding preparatory school situated on the edge of the city of Salisbury in Wiltshire, in England's West Country. Founded in 1879 by Mr. W. C. Bird as an all-boys' school, it became Chafyn Grove School in 1916, when it was renamed after its first benefactress, Julia Chafyn Grove.

West Country
The West Country is a loosely defined area within South West England, usually taken to include the counties of Cornwall, Devon, Dorset, Somerset and Bristol, with some considering it to extend to all or parts of Wiltshire, Gloucestershire and Herefordshire. The West Country has a distinctive regional English dialect and accent, and is also home to the Cornish language.
Pentafluorophenyl esters
Pentafluorophenyl (PFP) esters are chemical compounds with the generic formula RC(O)OC6F5. They are active esters derived from pentafluorophenol (HOC6F5).

PFP esters are useful for attaching fluorophores such as fluorescein or haptens to primary amines in biomolecules. They also are valuable in laboratory peptide synthesis. Pentafluorophenyl esters produce amide bonds as effectively as succinimidyl esters and various similar agents do, but PFP esters are particularly useful because they are less susceptible to spontaneous hydrolysis during conjugation reactions.

Hapten
Haptens (derived from the Greek haptein, meaning “to fasten”) are small molecules that elicit an immune response only when attached to a large carrier such as a protein; the carrier may be one that also does not elicit an immune response by itself. The mechanisms of absence of immune response may vary and involve complex immunological interactions, but can include absent or insufficient co-stimulatory signals from antigen-presenting cells.

Haptens have been used to study allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) and the mechanisms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) to induce autoimmune-like responses.

The concept of haptens emerged from the work of Austrian immunologist Karl Landsteiner,
who also pioneered the use of synthetic haptens to study immunochemical phenomena.
African longfin eel
The African longfin eel (Anguilla mossambica), also known simply as the longfin eel, is an eel in the family Anguillidae. It was described by Wilhelm Peters in 1852, originally under the genus Muraena. It is a tropical eel known from freshwaters in southern Kenya, Cape Agulhas, Madagascar, and New Caledonia. The eels spend most of their lives in freshwaters far inland, but migrate to the Western Indian Ocean to breed. Males can reach a maximum total length of 150 centimetres; females can reach a maximum standard length of 120 centimetres and a maximum weight of 5,000 grams. The eels can live for about 20 years. Juveniles and adults are known to feed off of carcasses, crabs, and bony fish.

Cape Agulhas
Cape Agulhas (/əˈɡʊljəs/; Portuguese: Cabo das Agulhas [ˈkaβu ðɐz ɐˈɣuʎɐʃ], "Cape of Needles") is a rocky headland in Western Cape, South Africa. It is the geographic southern tip of Africa and the beginning of the traditional dividing line between the Atlantic and Indian oceans according to the International Hydrographic Organization. It is approximately half a degree of latitude, or 55 kilometres (34 mi), farther south than the Cape of Good Hope.

Historically, the cape has been known to sailors as a significant hazard on the traditional clipper route. It is sometimes regarded as one of the great capes. It was most commonly known in English as Cape L'Agulhas until the 20th century. The town of L'Agulhas is near the cape.
Seiunji Temple
Seiunji ( Seiunji, Seiunji) is a temple in Yamato-cho, Kisai, Koshu City, Yamanashi Prefecture. It is a Kenchoji sect temple of the Rinzai school, with the mountain name of Tenmokuzan and the Honzon of Shakyamuni Buddha. At the time of its founding, the temple was called Gokoku Zenji.

Gunbai
The gunbai (軍配; short for gunbai-uchiwa (軍配団扇)) is a type of signal baton and Japanese war fan. Once held by military leaders (such as daimyō) and priests in the past, it is used in the modern day by umpires in sumo wrestling.