hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Shale (surname)
Shale is a surname. Notable people by that name include:

Christopher Shale (1954–2011), British businessman and Conservative Party politician

David Shale (1932–2016), New Zealander-American mathematician

Dennis Shale (1948–2017), emeritus professor of respiratory medicine

Kerry Shale (born 1958), Canadian actor

Tom Shale (1864–1953), English comic actor

Kerry Shale
Kerry Shale (born 4 June 1952) is a Canadian actor based in London, England. His BBC Radio 4 comedy-drama The Kubrick Test was broadcast in 2020. He is the co-host of Is It Rolling, Bob? Talking Dylan, a podcast about Bob Dylan.
Celestial spheres
The celestial spheres, or celestial orbs, were the fundamental entities of the cosmological models developed by Plato, Eudoxus, Aristotle, Ptolemy, Copernicus, and others. In these celestial models, the apparent motions of the fixed stars and planets are accounted for by treating them as embedded in rotating spheres made of an aetherial, transparent fifth element (quintessence), like gems set in orbs. Since it was believed that the fixed stars were unchanging in their positions relative to one another, it was argued that they must be on the surface of a single starry sphere.

Diurnal motion
In astronomy, diurnal motion (from Latin  diurnus 'daily',  from Latin  diēs 'day') is the apparent motion of celestial objects (e.g. the Sun and stars) around Earth, or more precisely around the two celestial poles, over the course of one day. It is caused by Earth's rotation around its axis, so almost every star appears to follow a circular arc path, called the diurnal circle, often depicted in star trail photography.

The time for one complete rotation is 23 hours, 56 minutes, and 4.09 seconds – one sidereal day. The first experimental demonstration of this motion was conducted by Léon Foucault. Because Earth orbits the Sun once a year, the sidereal time at any given place and time will gain about four minutes against local civil time, every 24 hours, until, after a year has passed, one additional sidereal "day" has elapsed compared to the number of solar days that have gone by.
1904 U.S. National Championships – Men's singles
Holcombe Ward defeated William Clothier in the all comers' final, 10–8, 6–4, 9–7 to win the men's singles tennis title at the 1904 U.S. National Championships. Reigning champion Laurence Doherty did not defend his title in the Challenge Round. The event was held at the Newport Casino in Newport, R.I., United States.

Laurence Doherty
Hugh Laurence Doherty (8 October 1875 – 21 August 1919) was a British tennis player and the younger brother of tennis player Reginald Doherty. He was a six-time Grand Slam champion and a double Olympic Gold medalist at the 1900 Summer Olympics in singles and doubles (also winning a Bronze in mixed doubles). In 1903 he became the first non-American player to win the U.S. National Championships.
James Hogle
James Martin Hogle (born July 16, 1951) is an American biophysicist who discovered the structure of poliovirus in 1985. He is an emeritus Edward S. Harkness Professor at Harvard Medical School where he was also Chair of the Biophysics Program, as well as a faculty dean for Dudley House and a faculty director at Peabody Terrace.

Peabody Terrace
Peabody Terrace, on the north bank of the Charles River in Cambridge, Massachusetts, is a Harvard University housing complex primarily serving graduate students, particularly married students and their families.
Designed in the brutalist style and constructed in 1964, the complex includes perimeter buildings standing at three to seven stories, and three interior 22-story towers.

It has been described as "beloved by architects and disliked by almost everyone else."
1999 World Weightlifting Championships – Women's 69 kg
The Women's Light-Heavyweight Weightlifting Event (69 kilograms) is the fifth women's weight class event at the weightlifting competition, limited to competitors with a maximum of 69 kilograms of body mass. The competition at the 1999 World Weightlifting Championships took place in Athens, Greece on November 24, 1999.

Each lifter performed in both the snatch and clean and jerk lifts, with the final score being the sum of the lifter's best result in each. The athlete received three attempts in each of the two lifts; the score for the lift was the heaviest weight successfully lifted.

Weight class
Weight classes are divisions of competition used to match competitors against others of their own size. Weight classes are used in a variety of sports including rowing, weight lifting, and especially combat sports such as boxing, kickboxing, mixed martial arts, wrestling, and Brazilian jiu-jitsu. Alternatives to formal weight classes include catch weight and openweight.

The existence of weight divisions gives rise to the practice of weight cutting. To be  the largest individual in a weight division is perceived as advantageous; therefore many athletes lose weight through dieting and dehydration prior to weigh-ins to qualify for a lower weight class.
Ben Archibald
Ben Archibald (born August 26, 1978) is an American former professional football offensive tackle. He was signed by the San Francisco 49ers as an undrafted free agent in 2003. He played college football at Brigham Young.

Archibald also played for the Amsterdam Admirals, New Orleans Saints and Calgary Stampeders. He won the Grey Cup with the Stamps in 2008 and with BC Lions in 2011.

In 2010, Archibald won the CFL's Most Outstanding Offensive Lineman Award.

BYU Cougars football
The BYU Cougars football team is the college football program representing Brigham Young University (BYU) in Provo, Utah. The Cougars began collegiate football competition in 1922, and have won 23 conference championships and one national championship in 1984.

The team has competed in several different athletic conferences during its history, from July 1, 2011 to June 30, 2022, they competed as an FBS Independent.  On September 10, 2021, the Big 12 Conference unanimously accepted BYU's application to the conference. BYU officially joined the Big 12 on July 1, 2023.

The team plays home games at the 62,073 seat LaVell Edwards Stadium, named after head coach LaVell Edwards who won 19 conference championships, seven bowl games, and one national championship (1984) while coaching at BYU.
2016 FIBA Europe 3x3 Championships
The 2016 FIBA Europe 3x3 Championships was the second edition of the European 3x3 basketball event that featured separate competitions for men's and women's national teams. The tournament started on 25 June 2016 with the first of the three qualifying tournaments and its final tournament was played in the AFI Cotroceni shopping mall in Bucharest, Romania between 2 and 4 September 2016.

In the men's tournament, Slovenia won their first European championship title by beating Serbia in the final. Hungary also won their first European championship title in the women's tournament, by beating Romania in the final.

Escaldes–Engordany
Escaldes–Engordany (Catalan pronunciation: [esˈkaldez aŋɡoɾˈðaɲ]) is one of the seven parishes of Andorra. The Escaldes–Engordany parish was founded in 1978 by being separated from Andorra la Vella. The parish is composed of the areas les Escaldes, Engordany, Els Vilars d'Engordany, Engolasters, and El Fener. As of 2014 it has a population of 13,634, the second largest population after Andorra la Vella. Notable events include the 8 May feast of Sant Miquel d'Engolasters which the people decided to make a local holiday starting in 2025.

It borders four parishes: Encamp to the north and northeast, Sant Julià de Lòria in the southwest, Andorra la Vella in the west, and La Massana in the northwest. Escaldes–Engordany also borders Spain in the east, south and southeast.
Park Mountain
Park Mountain is a 2,951-metre (9,682-foot) mountain summit located above the southwest shore of Lake McArthur in Yoho National Park, in the Bow Range of the Canadian Rockies of British Columbia, Canada. Its nearest higher peak is Mount Biddle, 3.0 km (1.9 mi) to the east. Park Mountain is situated four kilometres west of the Continental Divide, and 12 km (7.5 mi) southeast of Field, British Columbia.

Continental Divide of the Americas
The Continental Divide of the Americas (also known as the Great Divide, the Western Divide or simply the Continental Divide; Spanish: Divisoria continental de América, Gran Divisoria) is the principal, and largely mountainous, hydrological divide of the Americas. The Continental Divide extends from the Bering Strait to the Strait of Magellan, and separates the watersheds that drain into the Pacific Ocean from those river systems that drain into the Atlantic and Arctic Ocean, including those that drain into the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean Sea, and Hudson Bay.

Although there are many other hydrological divides in the Americas, the Continental Divide is by far the most prominent of these because it tends to follow a line of high peaks along the main ranges of the Rocky Mountains and Andes, at a generally much higher elevation than the other hydrological divisions.
Kelafo
Kelafo (Somali: Qalaafe; Somali pronunciation: [qalaːfe], Amharic: ቀላፎ, romanized: Qällafo) is a town in eastern Ethiopia. Located in the Kelafo Zone of the Somali Region, this town has a latitude and longitude of 05°35′20″N 44°12′20″E﻿ / ﻿5.58889°N 44.20556°E﻿ / 5.58889; 44.20556 and an elevation of 233 meters above sea level.

The regional successor to the Muslim states of Ifat and Adal, the Ajuran Sultanate, governed its territories from Qalafo along the upper Shabelle River in eastern Ogaden until its decline in the 17th century.

The UN-OCHA-Ethiopia website provides details of the health clinic in Kelafo, which was built in 1991 with funds and equipment provided by the Australian government. Kelafo is served by an airport (ICAO code HAKL), and a bridge across the Shebelle River which was scoured in the May 1995 floods.

Sultanate of Ifat
The Sultanate of Ifat, known as Wafāt or Awfāt in Arabic texts, or the Kingdom of Zeila was a medieval Sunni Muslim state in the eastern regions of the Horn of Africa between the late 13th century and early 15th century.  It was formed in present-day Ethiopia around eastern Shewa in Ifat. Led by the Walashma dynasty, the polity stretched from Zequalla to the port city of Zeila. The kingdom ruled over parts of what are now Ethiopia, Djibouti, Somaliland, Somalia.
Čara
Čara is a village on the island of Korčula in Croatia. Korčula the island, is part of the Dalmatian coast and it belongs to the Dubrovnik-Neretva county.

The village is situated twenty-five kilometers west of the old town of Korčula and is just above a field Čarsko Polje. In the center of the village is the parish church of St Peter, which was built in the 16th century. The church has a painting by the Renaissance Venetian painter Leandro Bassano which is called "Visitation of Jesus Christ to His Disciples". The painting is placed above the church altar. Čara is 13 km west of Pupnat and 3.35 km east of Smokvica.

Čara is part of a wine growing region and it produces Pošip and Marastina dry wines. Cultivation of olives is also part of Čara's rich agricultural palette. The wine cellar is located south of Čara towards the bays of Zavalatica and Zitna. The bays have become a tourist attraction in recent modern times. Zavalatica was a summer resort of the Croatian poet Petar Kanavelić.

Petar Kanavelić
Pietro Canavelli (in Italian, his personal spelling; known as Petar Kanavelić in Croatian; 27 December 1637 – 16 January 1719) was a Croatian writer who wrote poems in Croatian and Italian. He is regarded as one of the greatest Croatian writers of the 17th century.
Tarik (gamer)
Tarık Çelik (born February 18, 1996), also known mononymously as Tarik, is an American Twitch streamer. He is a former professional Counter-Strike: Global Offensive and Valorant player. He signed to Sentinels as a content creator in 2022.

During his professional career in CS:GO, he won the ELEAGUE Season 2 with OpTic Gaming and the ELEAGUE Major: Boston 2018 with Cloud9. For the latter, he was named MVP. Çelik has earned over $750,000 in winnings.

Valorant
Valorant (stylized as VALORANT) is a 2020 first-person tactical hero shooter video game developed and published by Riot Games. A free-to-play game, Valorant takes inspiration from the Counter-Strike series, borrowing several mechanics such as the buy menu, spray patterns, and inaccuracy while moving. Development started in 2014 and was teased under the codename Project A in 2019; the game was released on June 2, 2020, for Windows. It was ported to the PlayStation 5 and Xbox Series X/S in June 2024, albeit without crossplay between PC and console clients. A mobile version, Valorant Mobile (Chinese: 《无畏契约：源能行动》), launched in China on August 19, 2025, with a global release set at a later date.
Barbara Jones-Hogu
Barbara Jones-Hogu (April 17, 1938 – November 14, 2017) was an African-American artist best known for her work with the Organization of Black American Culture (OBAC) and for co-founding the artists' collective AfriCOBRA.

Illinois Institute of Technology
The Illinois Institute of Technology (Illinois Tech or IIT) is a private research university in Chicago, Illinois, United States. Tracing its history to 1890, the present name was adopted upon the merger of the Armour Institute and Lewis Institute in 1940. The university has programs in architecture, business, communications, design, engineering, industrial technology, information technology, law, psychology, and science. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".

The university's historic roots are in several 19th-century engineering and professional education institutions in the United States. In the mid 20th century, it became closely associated with trends in modernist architecture through the work of its Dean of Architecture Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, who designed its campus. The Institute of Design, Chicago-Kent College of Law, and Midwest College of Engineering were also merged into Illinois Tech.
VT-line
The Vammelsuu–Taipale line (Finnish: VT-linja; Swedish: VT-linjen; Russian: Карельский вал) was a Finnish defensive line on the Karelian Isthmus built in 1942–1944 during the Continuation War and running from Vammelsuu on the northern shore of the Gulf of Finland through Kuuterselkä and Kivennapa and along Taipaleenjoki to Taipale on the western shore of Lake Ladoga. It crossed the Saint Petersburg–Vyborg railroad at Sahakylä (now 63rd km) and the Saint Petersburg–Hiitola railroad at Kelliö (now 69th km).

The VT-line was part of four main defence lines constructed by Finland in the aftermath of the Winter War, with the VT-line being the second main line of defence. On June 15, the partially completed VT-line was breached at Kuuterselkä by the Soviet 21st Army as part of the Vyborg–Petrozavodsk Offensive.

Pervomayskoye, Leningrad Oblast
60°20′N 29°47′E﻿ / ﻿60.333°N 29.783°E﻿ / 60.333; 29.783

Pervomayskoye (Russian: Первома́йское; Finnish: Kivennapa) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the Karelian Isthmus, 60 kilometers (37 mi) northwest of St. Petersburg. It serves as the administrative center of Pervomayskoye Settlement Municipal Formation—an administrative division of the district—as well as of Pervomayskoye Rural Settlement, which that administrative division is municipally incorporated as. Population: 4,469 (2010 Census); 4,496 (2002 Census).

Prior to 1944, Pervomayskoye was a part of Finland. It was then known as Kivennapa.
Parasite experiment
In experimental physics, and particularly in high energy and nuclear physics, a parasite experiment or parasitic experiment is an experiment performed using a big particle accelerator or other large facility, without interfering with the scheduled experiments of that facility.  This allows the experimenters to proceed without the usual competitive time scheduling procedure.  These experiments may be instrument tests or experiments whose scientific interest has not been clearly established.

Nuclear physics
Nuclear physics is the field of physics that studies atomic nuclei and their constituents and interactions, in addition to the study of other forms of nuclear matter.

Nuclear physics should not be confused with atomic physics, which studies the atom as a whole, including its electrons.

Discoveries in nuclear physics have led to applications in many fields such as nuclear power, nuclear weapons, nuclear medicine and magnetic resonance imaging, industrial and agricultural isotopes, ion implantation in materials engineering, and radiocarbon dating in geology and archaeology. Such applications are studied in the field of nuclear engineering.

Particle physics evolved out of nuclear physics and the two fields are typically taught in close association. Nuclear astrophysics, the application of nuclear physics to astrophysics, is crucial in explaining the inner workings of stars and the origin of the chemical elements.
2016 Korean FA Cup
The 2016 Korean FA Cup, known as 2016 KEB Hana Bank FA Cup, was the 21st edition of the Korean FA Cup. Suwon Samsung Bluewings won their fourth FA Cup title after defeating defending champions FC Seoul in the final, and qualified for the 2017 AFC Champions League.

2017 AFC Champions League
The 2017 AFC Champions League was the 36th edition of Asia's premier club football tournament organized by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC), and the 15th under the current AFC Champions League title.

Urawa Red Diamonds defeated Al-Hilal in the final to win their second AFC Champions League title, and qualified as the AFC representative at the 2017 FIFA Club World Cup in the United Arab Emirates.

Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors were the defending champions, but they were excluded from the 2017 season due to a bribery scandal in the domestic K League Classic. Jeonbuk appealed to the Court of Arbitration for Sport, but their request for provisional measures was rejected on 3 February.
Henning Kramer Dahl
Henning Kramer Dahl (29 April 1962 – 7 March 2017) was a Norwegian poet, essayist and translator.

Dahl was born in Oslo. He made his literary debut in 1983 with the poetry collection Barfrost, with poems rich in spiritual metaphors. His next collections, Dansestykker for legeme og stillhet (1984) and Et annet rom et annet hjerte (1987), contain love poems and poems about nature. In 1989 he published the satirical collection Hvite lam. Later collections are Solsikkemuskel (1991), Værhårmusikk (1995), Hundehymner, benhuspoesi (2000) and Månen er borte (2003). His essay collection Tiden leger alle sår was published in 1996. He has translated poetry into Norwegian language, including works of Leonard Cohen, Sylvia Plath, Fernando Pessoa and Derek Walcott.

He resided at Stabekk. He died from heart failure in March 2017.

Fernando Pessoa
Fernando António Nogueira de Seabra Pessoa (/pɛˈsoʊə/; Portuguese: [fɨɾˈnɐ̃du pɨˈsoɐ]; 13 June 1888 – 30 November 1935) was a Portuguese poet, writer, literary critic, translator, and publisher. He has been described as one of the most significant literary figures of the 20th century and one of the greatest poets in the Portuguese language. He also wrote in and translated from English and French.

Pessoa was a prolific writer both in his own name and approximately seventy-five other names, of which three stand out: Alberto Caeiro, Álvaro de Campos, and Ricardo Reis. He did not define these as pseudonyms because he felt that this did not capture their true independent intellectual life and instead called them heteronyms, a term he invented. These imaginary figures sometimes held unpopular or extreme views.
McMillan TAC-50
The McMillan TAC-50 is a long-range anti-materiel rifle. The TAC-50 is based on previous designs from McMillan, which first appeared during the late 1980s. From May 2017 until November 2023, it held the record for the longest confirmed sniper kill. McMillan produces several .50 caliber rifles, based on the same proprietary action, for military, law enforcement and civilian use. It is produced in Phoenix, Arizona, in the United States by McMillan Firearms.

The TAC-50 is a military and law enforcement weapon, which, designated as the C15, has been the standard long-range sniper weapon (LRSW) of the Canadian Army since 2000. Rifles of the TAC-50 family are guaranteed to provide 0.5 minute of angle (MOA) groups with match-grade ammunition under ideal conditions.

Match grade
Match grade frequently refers to quality firearm parts and ammunition that are suitable for a competitive match.  Sometimes it also refers to other devices and parts that are made with high precision in mind.
ADM-20 Quail
The McDonnell ADM-20 Quail was a subsonic, jet powered, air-launched decoy cruise missile built by McDonnell Aircraft Corporation.  The Quail was designed to be launched by the Boeing B-52 Stratofortress strategic bomber and its original United States Air Force designation was GAM-72 (GAM standing for Guided Aircraft Missile).

Quail contained electronics and radar reflectors intended to make it indistinguishable from a B-52 approaching at low altitude. This would force Soviet defenses to divide their missiles and interceptors between multiple targets, reducing the chance that a bomber would be targeted.

Design of an improved version of Quail began in January 1968, with the system being termed the Subsonic Cruise Aircraft Decoy. This program incorporated several significant changes to the starting design before the AGM-86 ALCM was created.

Thrust
Thrust is a reaction force described quantitatively by Newton's third law. When a system expels or accelerates mass in one direction, the accelerated mass will cause a force of equal magnitude but opposite direction to be applied to that system.
The force applied on a surface in a direction perpendicular or normal to the surface is also called thrust. Force, and thus thrust, is measured using the International System of Units (SI) in newtons (symbol: N), and represents the amount needed to accelerate 1 kilogram of mass at the rate of 1 metre per second per second. In mechanical engineering, force orthogonal to the main load (such as in parallel helical gears) is referred to as static thrust.
1946 Tulane Green Wave football team
The 1946 Tulane Green Wave football team was an American football team that represented Tulane University as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) during the 1946 college football season. In its first year under head coach Henry Frnka, Tulane compiled a 3–7 record (2–4 in conference games), finished ninth in the SEC, and was outscored by a total of 209 to 179. Tulane was ranked No. 33 in the final Litkenhous Ratings released in December 1946.

Guard Gaston Bourgeois was selected as a second-team player on the United Press (third-team by the Associated Press) on the 1946 All-SEC football team.

The Green Wave played its home games at Tulane Stadium in New Orleans.

1946 All-SEC football team
The 1946 All-SEC football team consists of American football players selected to the All-Southeastern Conference (SEC) chosen by various selectors for the 1946 college football season. Georgia and Tennessee shared the conference title.