hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mohammed Balarabe Haladu
Mohammed Balarabe Haladu (1944 – 28 June 1998) was a Nigerian Army Lieutenant general who served as the Commandant of the Nigerian Defence Academy from 1993 to 1994. He was also a former federal Minister for Industry.

Born in Kano, Haladu had his military training in Nigeria Military School, Zaria, Pakistan Military Academy and University College of Wales.

Pakistan Military Academy
The Pakistan Military Academy (PMA) is a military training institution that prepares officer cadets for service in the Pakistan Army. It is located in Kakul, Abbottabad, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Established in November 1947, the academy is accredited by the National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST).

The academy conducts training programs for Pakistani officer cadets and provides military training to personnel from allied countries. Each year, PMA hosts approximately 2,000 international guests and has trained cadets and officers from more than 34 countries.
Pterophylla rutenbergii
Pterophylla rutenbergii is a species of plant in the family Cunoniaceae endemic to Madagascar. The species is common and has a widespread distribution.  It can be found from sea level to 2000 metres elevation at the summits at Marojejy National Park. It grows in the lowland rain forests of eastern Madagascar and the montane and subhumid forests in the center and north of the island. The species does best in open, disturbed habitat, particularly on roadsides and areas recently burned.

The species exhibits high morphological plasticity, ranging from being shrub-like with small leaves at high elevations to being a large canopy tree with large leaves in lowland areas.

Madagascar subhumid forests
The Madagascar subhumid forests are a tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion that covers most of the Central Highlands of the island of Madagascar. They are included in the WWF's Global 200 list of outstanding ecoregions. Most of the original habitats have been lost due to human pressure.
Dumuju-class dispatch boat
The Dumuju class is a class of dispatch boat (YFL) currently in service with the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). The exact type still remains unknown, and it has received NATO reporting name Dumuju class, with only a single unit of this class have been confirmed in active service as of mid-2010s.

Ships of this class in PLAN service are designated by a combination of two Chinese characters followed by three-digit number. The second Chinese character is Jiao (交), short for Jiao-Tong-Ting (交通艇), meaning dispatch boat (ferry) in Chinese, because these ships are classified as dispatch boats. The first Chinese character denotes which fleet the ship is service with, with East (Dong, 东) for East Sea Fleet, North (Bei, 北) for North Sea Fleet, and South (Nan, 南) for South Sea Fleet. However, the pennant numbers are subject to change due to changes of Chinese naval ships naming convention, or when units are transferred to different fleets.

South Sea Fleet
The Southern Theater Command Navy (STCN), or the South Sea Fleet (SSF) until 2018, is a formation of China's People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) and the naval component of the Southern Theater Command.
Siti Rahmah Kassim
Datuk Siti Rahmah Kassim (30 November 1926 – 24 March 2017) was an independence fighter, best known for donating her golden bangle to Tunku Abdul Rahman, Malaysia's 1st Prime Minister, to pay for his flight to London to meet with Secretary of State for the Colonies Oliver Lyttelton and negotiate the independence of Malaya (which subsequently became Malaysia in 1963) from the United Kingdom.

Federation of Malaya
Malaya, officially the Federation of Malaya, was a country in Southeast Asia from 1948 to 1963. It succeeded the Malayan Union and, before that, British Malaya. It comprised eleven states – nine Malay states and two of the Straits Settlements, Penang and Malacca. It was established on 1 February 1948.

Initially a self-governing colony of the United Kingdom, Malaya became fully sovereign on 31 August 1957, and on 16 September 1963, Malaya was superseded by Malaysia when it united with Singapore, North Borneo (Sabah) and Sarawak. Singapore was expelled on 9 August 1965, leaving the original states of Malaya along with Sarawak and Sabah – now collectively known as East Malaysia – to form modern-day Malaysia, while the former Federation of Malaya is now referred to as Peninsular Malaysia or West Malaysia.
Kartal-class fast attack craft
The Kartal class is a class of fast attack missile and torpedo boats of the Turkish Navy.

The vessels of this class were built by Lürssen Werft in Germany, and were based on the Zobel class. However, unlike the Zobel class, which were armed with only torpedoes, the Kartal class are armed with missiles and torpedoes, and can carry up to four mines.

TCG Kartal was the first vessel of the class to be launched, but TCG Denizkuşu was the first to be delivered and commissioned. TCG Meltem sank after colliding with the Soviet training ship Khasan in 1985. Meltem was salvaged, but never repaired.

Smolnyy-class training ship
The Smolnyy or Smol'nyy (Russian Смольный) class, Soviet designation Project 887, are training ships built for the Soviet Navy in the late 1970s. Two ships are operated by the Baltic Fleet of the Russian Navy.
Scobie Breasley Medal
The Scobie Breasley Medal is an annual jockeys award, first presented by Racing Victoria Limited in 1996, that recognises excellence in race riding on Melbourne racetracks. Votes are cast by racing stewards at each meeting and are awarded on a 3-2-1 basis to what they deem to be the best ride of the day.

It is named in honour of the jockey Scobie Breasley, the first person inducted into the Australian Racing Hall of Fame.

Scobie Breasley
Arthur Edward "Scobie" Breasley (7 May 1914 – 21 December 2006) was an Australian jockey.  He won the Caulfield Cup in Melbourne five times: 1942-45 consecutively on Tranquil Star, Skipton, Counsel and St Fairy; then on Peshawar in 1952.  He also won The Derby twice, and the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe once.
Mailuan languages
The Mailuan or Cloudy Bay languages are a small family of Trans–New Guinea languages spoken around Cloudy Bay in the "Bird's Tail" (southeastern peninsula) of New Guinea. They are classified within the Southeast Papuan branch of Trans–New Guinea.

Papuan Peninsula
The Papuan Peninsula, also known as the Bird's Tail Peninsula, is a large peninsula in Papua New Guinea, southeast of the city of Lae, that makes up the southeastern portion of the island of New Guinea. The peninsula is the easternmost extent of the New Guinea Highlands and consists largely of the Owen Stanley Range, with peaks such as Mount Victoria (4,038 m) and Mount Suckling (3,676 m). On the south coast is Port Moresby, the capital and largest city of Papua New Guinea.

The island of New Guinea is often visualized as being in the shape of a bird, with the Bird's Head Peninsula being at the northwest end of the island, and the Bird's Tail Peninsula at the southeast end. For example, American soldiers in WWII visualized it specifically as a turkey, and referenced the anatomy of the bird as a shorthand for explaining where various actions and deployments occurred on the island.

The island has also been visualised as a lizard.
Agostina Segatori Sitting in the Café du Tambourin
Agostina Segatori Sitting in the Café du Tambourin was painted by Vincent van Gogh in 1887.  Agostina Segatori owned the Café du Tambourin that Van Gogh knew intimately.  It was a gathering spot for Parisian artists, a place where their work was exhibited. Van Gogh, unable to pay in cash for his meals, exchanged paintings for his fare.  The paintings then adorned the restaurant.  He held a special exhibit of his Japanese prints in the café as well.  His connection with Agostina and the cafe came to a sad end when she went bankrupt and van Gogh's paintings were confiscated by creditors.  This painting, however, demonstrates an artistic discovery that culminated in his unique, creative style not quite on the brink of being understood and revered.

Agostina Segatori
Agostina Segatori (Ancona, 1841 - 1910, Paris) was the niece of Fortunata Segatori and a model who posed for painters in Paris, France, such as Édouard Joseph Dantan, Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot, Jean-Léon Gérôme, Eugène Delacroix, Vincent van Gogh and Édouard Manet. 
She is also known for running the Café du Tambourin in Paris.
Elophila interruptalis
Elophila interruptalis is a species of moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Pryer in 1877. It is found in Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), China and Korea.

The ground colour of the forewings is pale orange. Adults are on wing from June to November in two to three generations per year.

The larvae are polyphagous on aquatic plants, including water lilies such as Nymphaeaceae. Young larvae mine the leaves of their host plant. It eats and kills the central bud of the shoot of the water caltrop Trapa natans, an important crop in China, killing it and stopping growth.

Shikoku
Shikoku (四国, Shikoku; pronounced [ɕi̥ꜜ.ko.kɯ, ɕi̥.koꜜ.kɯ] ⓘ, lit. 'four provinces') is the smallest of the four main islands of Japan. It is 225 kilometres (140 miles) long and between 50 and 150 kilometres (30 and 95 miles) wide. It has a population of 3.8 million, the least populated of Japan's four main islands. It is south of Honshu and northeast of Kyushu. Shikoku's ancient names include Iyo-no-futana-shima (伊予之二名島), Iyo-shima (伊予島), and Futana-shima (二名島), and its current name refers to the four former provinces that make up the island: Awa, Tosa, Sanuki, and Iyo.
John W. Downey
John W. Downey (October 5, 1927 – December 14, 2004) was an American contemporary classical composer, conductor, pianist and educator.  His works have been performed extensively in Western and Eastern Europe, South America, Australia, Africa, the Middle East, Israel, Asia, Mexico, and Canada, as well as throughout the United States.

Milwaukee Youth Symphony Orchestra
The Milwaukee Youth Symphony Orchestra (MYSO) was founded in 1956 and has grown from one orchestra and 30 students to become the largest after-school youth orchestra in the country. The organization serves 1,000 young musicians who come from more than 200 schools, 60 communities, and as many as 14 counties throughout southeastern Wisconsin and northern Illinois. MYSO reaches an audience of 25,000 annually through more than 100 performances.

MYSO offers more than 40 ensemble and supplemental programs, ranging from symphony and string orchestras, and jazz and steel bands to music theory, composition, and international tours.

MYSO is a founding member of the United Performing Arts Fund and is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization.
Great Songs from Stage & Screen
Great Songs from Stage & Screen is the sixth studio album by American actor and singer Seth MacFarlane, released on August 28, 2020, by Republic Records and Verve Records. MacFarlane reunited with his longtime producer Joel McNeely. The album features songs from film and theatre, including songs by Rodgers and Hammerstein, Cole Porter, Lerner and Loewe, and Henry Mancini.

Lerner and Loewe
Lerner and Loewe is the partnership between lyricist and librettist Alan Jay Lerner and composer Frederick Loewe. Spanning three decades and nine musicals from 1942 to 1960 and again from 1970 to 1972, the pair are known for being behind the creation of critical on stage successes such as My Fair Lady, Brigadoon, and Camelot along with the musical film Gigi.
Ma Chih-hung
Ma Chih-hung (Chinese: 馬志鴻; pinyin: Mǎ Zhìhóng; sometimes listed as Chih-Hung Ma; born November 5, 1985, in Pingtung County, Taiwan) is an aboriginal Taiwanese luger who has competed since 2003.

The youngest competitor in men's luge at the 2006 Winter Olympics at Turin at the age of 20, he finished 28th in the men's singles event and qualified for the 2010 Winter Olympics at Vancouver where he finished 34th. He is also noted for being the only competitor to represent Taiwan in these two Winter events.

Pingtung County
Pingtung (Wade–Giles: Pʻing²-tung¹) is a county located in southern Taiwan. It has a warm tropical monsoon climate and is known for its agriculture and tourism. Kenting National Park, Taiwan's oldest national park, is located in the county. The county seat is Pingtung City.
El Requexón
The Ciudad Deportiva del Real Oviedo, more commonly known as El Requexón, is the training ground and academy base of the Spanish football club Real Oviedo. Located at the northern outskirts of the city of Oviedo, the centre occupies an area of 80,447 m2.

The first phase of the training centre was opened in 1969 by the efforts of then-club president Enrique Rubio Sanudo. Later in the 1980s, the second phase of the construction was completed by the efforts of then-president José Manuel Bango.

Oviedo
Oviedo (Spanish: [oˈβjeðo] ⓘ) or Uviéu (Asturian: [uˈβjew]) is the capital city of the Principality of Asturias in northern Spain and the administrative and commercial centre of the region. With a population of 220,027, it is also the 2nd-largest city in Asturias.

Oviedo is located approximately 24 km (15 mi) southwest of Gijón and 23 km (14 mi) southeast of Avilés, both of which lie on the shoreline of the Bay of Biscay. Oviedo's proximity to the ocean of less than 30 kilometres (19 mi) in combination with its elevated position with areas of the city more than 300 metres above sea level causes the city to have a maritime climate, even though it does not sit directly on the shore.
Jagged Alliance
Jagged Alliance is a series of turn-based tactics video games. The first games in the series were released for DOS. From Jagged Alliance 2 on, the games were developed using DirectX for native Windows operation. Jagged Alliance 2 was also released for Linux and is available on Steam and on GOG.com for Windows.

Player versus player
Player versus player (PvP) is a type of multiplayer interactive conflict within a game between human players. This is often compared to player versus environment (PvE), in which the game itself controls its players' opponents and is usually offline, whereas PvP tends to be online. The terms are most often used in games where both activities exist, particularly MMORPGs, MUDs, and other role-playing video games, to distinguish between game modes. PvP can be broadly used to describe any game, or aspect of a game, where players compete against each other. PvP is often controversial when used in role-playing games. In most cases, there are vast differences in abilities between players. PvP can even encourage experienced players to immediately attack and kill inexperienced players. PvP is often referred to as player killing in the cases of games which contain, but do not focus on, such interaction.
MRK Krka
Moški rokometni klub Krka (English: Men's Handball Club Krka) or simply MRK Krka is a Slovenian handball club from Novo Mesto that competes in the Slovenian First League, the top tier of Slovenian handball.

Novo Mesto
Novo Mesto (pronounced [ˈnɔ̀ːʋɔ ˈmèːstɔ] ⓘ; Slovene: Novo mesto; also known by alternative names) is the seventh-largest city of Slovenia. It is the economic and cultural centre of the traditional region of Lower Carniola (southeastern Slovenia) and the seat of the City Municipality of Novo Mesto. It lies on a bend of the Krka River, close to the border with Croatia.
Suzi ... and Other Four Letter Words
Suzi ... and Other Four Letter Words, released in 1979, is the sixth studio album by American singer-songwriter, bass guitar player, and actress Suzi Quatro. By August 2012 this was still Quatro's highest-charting album in Norway (at number 4) and her second-highest-charting album in the United States (at number 117).
: 1–3

The album contains three singles, all of which charted. "She's in Love with You", a number 1 hit in South Africa (where it topped the chart for 7 weeks), a top 20 hit in the United Kingdom, Austria, the Netherlands, Norway, and Switzerland, a top 40 hit in Australia and also a minor chart hit in New Zealand and the United States. "Mama's Boy" made chart appearances in both the United Kingdom and in the Netherlands and "I've Never Been in Love" charted in the United States as well as the United Kingdom.

Bassist
A bassist (also known as a bass player or bass guitarist) is a musician who plays a bass instrument such as a double bass (upright bass, contrabass, wood bass), bass guitar (electric bass, acoustic bass), keyboard bass (synth bass) or a low brass instrument such as a tuba or trombone. Many musical genres tend to be associated with at least one or more of these instruments.
Maduebibisi Iwe
Maduebibisi Ofo Iwe  (born April 7, 1958) is a Nigerian academic, author, and Professor of Food Science and Extrusion Technology. He is serving as the sixth substantive Vice-Chancellor of Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike. He assumed office on 1 March 2021.

Michael Okpara University of Agriculture
The Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, originally the Federal University of Agriculture, is a federal university in Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria was established as a specialized university by a Federal Government of Nigeria Decree No 48 of November 1992. It began formal activities in May 1993 with the appointment of the first Council and Vice-Chancellor Professor Placid C. Njoku on 27 May 1993, while other key officials of the university were appointed later.

The first set of students were admitted into the institution during the 1993/94 academic year with a student population of 82.

The nickname "Umudykes" or "U'dykers" is used for students, alumni, and sports teams of the university.

Vice-Chancellor Professor Maduebibisi Ofo Iwe has hinted that the university will start engaging in commercial farming to support its internal generated revenues and better prepare the students for a complex and unpredictable future.
Sally Gabori
Mirdidingkingathi Juwarnda Sally Gabori (circa 1924 – 11 February 2015) was an Aboriginal Australian artist who at age 81 began painting in an abstract-like style she developed to represent her Country, on the south side of Bentinck Island in Queensland, Australia.

She represented Australia in the 55th Venice Biennale of 2013, and her works are held in the permanent collections of the Musée du Quai Branly, Paris; the National Gallery of Australia; all of the Australian state galleries, and others.

Country (Indigenous Australians)
The Indigenous peoples of Australia, which comprise Aboriginal Australians and the Torres Strait Islander people, have strong and complex relationships with the concept of "Country" (often capitalised). In this sense it does not refer to the modern-day nation of Australia, but rather different aspects of how the traditional lands of a particular Indigenous group affects their culture, the way of seeing the world, and interactions with other people.
London Conference of 1864
The London Conference of 1864 was a peace conference on the Second Schleswig War that took place in London from 25 April to 25 June 1864.

Lord Russell had intervened with a proposal that the war should be submitted to a European conference on behalf of the United Kingdom; the proposal was supported by the Russian Empire, the Second French Empire, and Sweden-Norway. The negotiations were influenced by the Prussian and Austrian victory in the Battle of Dybbøl, giving Otto von Bismarck and his delegation an advantage over their opponents. The conference broke up 25 June 1864 without having arrived at any conclusion.

Peace conference
A peace conference is a diplomatic meeting where representatives of states, armies, or other warring parties converge to end hostilities by negotiation and signing and ratifying a peace treaty.

Significant international peace conferences include:

St. Petersburg Declaration of 1868

Algeciras Conference (1905)

Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907

Versailles (1919)

Good Friday Agreement (1998)
Adaptive-additive algorithm
In the studies of Fourier optics, sound synthesis, stellar interferometry, optical tweezers, and diffractive optical elements (DOEs) it is often important to know the spatial frequency phase of an observed wave source. In order to reconstruct this phase the Adaptive-Additive Algorithm (or AA algorithm), which derives from a group of adaptive (input-output) algorithms, can be used. The AA algorithm is an iterative algorithm that utilizes the Fourier Transform to calculate an unknown part of a propagating wave, normally the spatial frequency phase (k space). This can be done when given the phase’s known counterparts, usually an observed amplitude (position space) and an assumed starting amplitude (k space). To find the correct phase the algorithm uses error conversion, or the error between the desired and the theoretical intensities.

Iteration
Iteration means repeating a process to generate a (possibly unbounded) sequence of outcomes. Each repetition of the process is a single iteration, and the outcome of each iteration is the starting point of the next iteration.

In mathematics and computer science, iteration (along with the related technique of recursion) is a standard element of algorithms.
Glycopyrronium bromide
Glycopyrronium bromide is a medication of the muscarinic anticholinergic group. It does not cross the blood–brain barrier and consequently has few to no central effects. It can be administered orally, intravenously, topically, or via inhalation. It is a synthetic quaternary ammonium compound. The cation, which is the active moiety, is called glycopyrronium (INN) or glycopyrrolate (USAN).

The most common side effects include irritability, flushing, nasal congestion, reduced secretions in the airways, dry mouth, constipation, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, and urinary retention.

In September 2012, glycopyrronium was approved for medical use in the European Union. In June 2018, glycopyrronium was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat excessive underarm sweating, becoming the first drug developed specifically to reduce excessive sweating. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.

Nasal congestion
Nasal congestion is the partial or complete blockage of nasal passages, leading to impaired nasal breathing, usually due to membranes lining the nose becoming swollen from inflammation of blood vessels, or an excess of mucus in the sinuses caused by illnesses like the common cold.
Gymnoscelis rubricata
Gymnoscelis rubricata is a moth of the family Geometridae. It was described by Joseph de Joannis in 1932. This moth is endemic to Mauritius and Réunion, where it is widespread at low and medium elevations. The wingspan is approximately 15–18 millimetres (0.59–0.71 in).

Joseph de Joannis
Joseph de Joannis (6 June 1864 La Meignanne, Maine-et-Loire, Pays de la Loire – 27 October 1932 Paris) was a French clergyman and lepidopterist. De Joannis was the president of the Société entomologique de France from 1908 to 1916. His father Léon-Daniel de Joannis (1803–1868) was an entomologist and an ichthyologist.

He was most notable for his discovery of Glyphodes mascarenalis and his two books on entomology: Descriptions de Lépidoptères nouveaux de l'ile Maurice in 1906 and Lépidoptères Hétérocères des Mascareigns et des Seychelles in 1915.