hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jammu–Srinagar National Highway
The Jammu–Srinagar National Highway is the northernmost segment of NH 44 (formerly NH 1A before the renumbering of all national highways). It runs from Srinagar in the Kashmir Valley southward to the city of Jammu.

It is one of the two road links (the other being the Mughal Road) that connects the Kashmir Valley with the rest of India. The traffic on the highway is controlled by two control rooms, one in Srinagar and the other in Jammu.

Pir Panjal Range
The Pir Panjal Range (/piːr pʌnˈdʒɑːl/) is a range of mountains in the Lower Himalayan region located in the Western Himalayas of the northern Indian subcontinent. It runs southeast to northwest between the Beas and Neelam/Kishanganga rivers, in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh and Indian-administered union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, with its northwestern end extending into territory administered by Pakistan. The Himalayas show a gradual elevation towards the Dhauladhar and Pir Panjal ranges. Pir Panjal is the largest and westernmost range of the Lesser Himalayas. Near the bank of the Sutlej River, it dissociates itself from the main Himalayan range and forms a divide between the Beas and Ravi rivers on one side and the Chenab on the other. Further west, the Pir Panjal range forms the southwestern boundary of the Kashmir Valley, separating it from the hills of Jammu region, forming a divide between the Jhelum River and Chenab River.
Willard Zerbe Park
Willard Zerbe Park (October 14, 1906 – April 15, 1965) was an American anthropologist. Park was a teaching colleague of Maurice Halperin at the University of Oklahoma. Both Park and Halperin actively sought out recruitment with Soviet intelligence, or the "Communist East" through the New Masses and Jacob Golos.  Contacts were made with Elizabeth Bentley through Mary Price.

Jacob Golos
Jacob Golos (born Yakov Naumovich Reizen, Russian: Яков Наумович Рейзен; April 24, 1889 – November 27, 1943) was a Ukrainian-born Bolshevik revolutionary who became an intelligence operative in the United States on behalf of the USSR. A founding member of the Communist Party of the United States of America (CPUSA), circa 1930 Golos became involved in the covert work of Soviet intelligence agencies. He participated in procuring American passports by means of fraudulent documentation, and the recruitment and coordination of activities of a broad network of agents.
A Study in Frustration: The Fletcher Henderson Story
A Study in Frustration: The Fletcher Henderson Story is a box set compilation surveying studio recordings of the Fletcher Henderson Orchestra from 1923 to 1938, released in 1961 on Columbia Records, CXK 85470. It initially appeared as a four-album set produced by Frank Driggs and assembled by John Hammond, both of whom also wrote the liner notes. The set was part of a Thesaurus of Classic Jazz series on Columbia.

Charlie Green (musician)
Charles Green (1893 – November 27, 1935) was an American jazz musician, who was born in Omaha, Nebraska, and died in New York City. He was one of the early jazz trombonists and the soloist in the Fletcher Henderson orchestra (joining slightly before Louis Armstrong).
Cultural baggage
The term cultural baggage refers to the tendency for one's culture to pervade thinking, speech, and behavior without one being aware of this pervasion. Cultural baggage becomes a factor when a person from one culture encounters a person from another, and subconscious assumptions or behaviors can interfere with interaction.

The "baggage" imagery implies that cultural baggage is something that one carries at all times and that it can be burdensome, hindering freedom of movement (i.e. hinders intercultural dialog). Darret B. Rutman has used the term to describe early European settlers of North America (A Place in Time: Middlesex County, Virginia 1650-1750 by Darret B. Rutman, Anita H. Rutman, ISBN 0-393-30318-7).

Darrett B. Rutman
Darrett Bruce Rutman (4 March 1929 – 11 April 1997) was a historian of early America. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Virginia in 1959.  He was a distinguished scholar and served on the History faculties of the University of Minnesota, 1959–1968, the University of New Hampshire, 1968–1984, and the University of Florida in Gainesville, 1984-1996.  He died of an aortic aneurysm on April 11, 1997.

Several of his books were co-authored by his wife, Anita H. Rutman.
Water Consulting East Africa
Water Consulting East Africa (WC EA) is a multidisciplinary consultancy with headquarters in Kigali, Rwanda. It provides water and civil engineering, management and construction services in Rwanda East Africa and further afield. WC EA is East Africa’s premier water engineering consultancy.

It was established in 2014 by the founder Jean-Paul Skoczylas. WC EA has provided services to Bechtel Corporation, USAID, UNICEF, IFC, Rwanda Cricket Stadium Foundation and Howard G. Buffet Foundation and on projects funded by DFID and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

Bechtel
Bechtel Corporation (/ˈbɛktəl/) is an American engineering, procurement, construction (EPC) and project management company founded in San Francisco, California in 1898. It is headquartered in Reston, Virginia, in the Washington, DC, metropolitan area. As of 2022, the Engineering News-Record ranked Bechtel as the second largest construction company in the United States, following Turner Construction. Bechtel has over 50,000 employees as of May 2025.
François de Suarez d'Aulan
François de Suarez d'Aulan is a French aristocrat and businessman. He was married to the late Countess and Marchioness Sonia Czernin von und zu Chudentitz (house of Czernin). He notably owned the family-run champagne house Piper-Heidsieck, and was known as "The king of Champagne". De Suarez d'Aulan's family history is chronicled in the book "Un fil dans le Tapis, histoire des Suarez d'Aulan," published by Editions Karthala in June 2009.

Czernin family
The Czernin family (Czech: Černínové z Chudenic; German: Czernin von und zu Chudenitz) is a Czech noble family that was one of the oldest and most prominent noble families in the Kingdom of Bohemia. The family was related to the most distinguished noble families of the region.
Rahul Chahal
Rahul Chahal is a Canadian music video director and music composer associated with Punjabi-language music videos. He is the owner of video-directing company "TDOT FILMS". He has directed over 100 videos and worked with artists such as Sidhu Moose Wala, Garry Sandhu, Jassie Gill, Prem Dhillon, Happy Raikoti, R-Nait, Gurj Sidhu, Sajjan Adeeb, Jazim Sharma and The Landers.

Garry Sandhu
Gurmukh Singh "Garry" Sandhu, is an Indian singer, songwriter, rapper and actor known for his work in Punjabi music. Originally, he came to the United Kingdom on a study visa, and worked as a construction worker situated in the Birmingham area illegally and got deported. Whilst working, he would aspire to eventually make his songwriting into an actual career. He made his singing debut in 2010 with song "Main Ni Peenda" and acting debut with the film Romeo Ranjha (2014). He has released songs including Illegal Weapon, Yeah Baby, Banda Ban Ja, Excuses etc. He also owns his record label Fresh Media Records. In 2019, his song "Yeah Baby" was released in a bollywood film De De Pyaar De as "Hauli Hauli". He has been nominated for many awards at PTC Punjabi Music Awards.Business Today reported that Sandhu's song Illegal Weapon was one of the top YouTube music videos in India.
Amy J. Schmitz
Amy J. Schmitz is an American legal scholar.

Schmitz graduated from Drake University and the University of Minnesota Law School. She taught at the University of Colorado Law School for sixteen years, then accepted an appointment as Elwood L. Thomas Missouri Endowed Professor of Law at the University of Missouri School of Law in 2016, before joining the Ohio State University Moritz College of Law as John Deaver Drinko-Baker & Hostetler Endowed Chair in Law. She is an elected member of the American Law Institute.

University of Colorado Law School
The University of Colorado Law School is one of the professional graduate schools within the University of Colorado System. It is a public law school, with more than 500 students attending and working toward a Juris Doctor or Master of Studies in Law. The Wolf Law Building is located in Boulder, Colorado, and is sited on the south side of the University of Colorado at Boulder campus. The law school houses the William A. Wise Law Library, which is a regional archive for federal government materials and is open to the public. United States Supreme Court Justice Wiley Blount Rutledge graduated from the University of Colorado Law School in 1922.

According to Colorado's official 2015 ABA-required disclosures, 74.2% of the Class of 2015 obtained full-time, long-term, JD-required employment nine months after graduation. For 2015 graduates, the overall employment rate was 96% at 10 months after graduation, including JD-required, JD-advantaged, and other positions.
Richard Bruce Paris
Richard Bruce Paris (23 January 1946 – 8 July 2022) was a British mathematician and reader at the Abertay University in Dundee, who specialized in calculus. He also had an honorary readership of the University of St. Andrews, Scotland. The research activity of Paris particularly concerned the asymptotics of integrals and properties of special functions. He is the author of Hadamard Expansions and Hyperasymptotic Evaluation: An Extension of the Method of Steepest Descent as well as the co-author of Asymptotics and Mellin-Barnes Integrals and of Asymptotics of High Order Differential Equations. In addition, he contributed to the NIST Handbook of Mathematical Functions and also released numerous papers for Proceedings of the Royal Society A, Methods and Applications of Analysis and the Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics.

Asymptotic analysis
In mathematical analysis, asymptotic analysis, also known as asymptotics, is a method of describing limiting behavior.

As an illustration, suppose that we are interested in the properties of a function f (n) as n becomes very large. If f(n) = n2 + 3n, then as n becomes very large, the term 3n becomes insignificant compared to n2. The function f(n) is said to be "asymptotically equivalent to n2, as n → ∞". This is often written symbolically as f (n) ~ n2, which is read as "f(n) is asymptotic to n2."

An example of an important asymptotic result is the prime number theorem. Let π(x) denote the prime-counting function (which is not directly related to the constant pi), i.e. π(x) is the number of prime numbers that are less than or equal to x. Then the theorem states that
No-load loss
No-load loss (also called "fixed loss") is a portion of the loss of electricity that does not depend on the power being distributed through an electric circuit, as opposed to the load loss. No-load loss typically depends on the operating voltage of a grid unit and can be attributed to:

dielectric loss in cables;

core loss in electric transformers;

some types of losses in synchronous condensers (rotor surface losses, pulsating losses in stator teeth, and losses in the stator due to higher harmonics of the rotor field);

loss in the electromechanical measuring devices (low, e. g. an "analog" electrical meter consumes less than 1.5 Watts of power);

corona loss in high-voltage lines.

Dielectric loss
In electrical engineering, dielectric loss is a dielectric material's inherent dissipation of electromagnetic energy (e.g. heat). It can be parameterized in terms of either the loss angle δ or the corresponding loss tangent tan(δ).  Both refer to the phasor in the complex plane whose real and imaginary parts are the resistive (lossy) component of an electromagnetic field and its reactive (lossless) counterpart.
Didn't It Rain (Songs: Ohia album)
Didn't It Rain is the sixth regular album by American musician Songs: Ohia.

The album is named after "Didn't It Rain", a traditional song popularized by Sister Rosetta Tharpe in 1948 and Mahalia Jackson in 1954. Written and published by Henry Thacker Burleigh (1866 - 1949).

It was recorded by Edan Cohen at Soundgun Studios in Philadelphia and released by Secretly Canadian on March 5, 2002. The Metacritic website gave the album a composite rating of 85, ranking it thirteenth among the best albums of 2002.

Secretly Canadian
Secretly Canadian is an American independent record label based in Bloomington, Indiana, part of the Secretly Group. The Secretly Group includes record labels Dead Oceans and Jagjaguwar as well as a music publisher known as Secretly Publishing, representing artists, writers, film makers, producers, and comedians.
Leunig
Leunig is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Mary Leunig (born 1950), Australian visual artist

Michael Leunig (1945–2024), Australian cartoonist, poet, and artist

Tim Leunig (born 1971), British economist

Tim Leunig
Timothy Charles Leunig (born 26 February 1971) is an economist at the London School of Economics's Department of Economic History. After a long career as a special advisor, he became a director at the economic consultants Public First.
Murder on the Zinderneuf
Murder on the Zinderneuf is a video game designed by Jon Freeman and Paul Reiche III and one of the first six games published by Electronic Arts in 1983 (Ariolasoft in Europe). It was developed for the Apple II, Commodore 64, Atari 8-bit computers, and IBM PC (as a self-booting disk).

The Apple II version was programmed by Alan Pavlish of Designer Software. All other versions were programmed by Robert Leyland. The Commodore 64 version states it was by Mission Accomplished Software Services, Inc., but also gives credit to Leyland for programming.

Self-booting disk
A self-booting disk is a floppy disk for home computers or personal computers that starts up directly into a standalone application when the system is turned on or restarted. It runs on the "bare machine" without loading or using the operating system (if any) that runs on or comes with the computer. This was common, standard, on some computers in the late 1970s to early 1990s. Video games were the type of application most commonly distributed using this technique.

The term "PC booter" is sometimes used in reference to self-booting software for IBM PC compatibles. On other systems, like the Apple II and Atari 8-bit computers, almost all software is self-booting. On the IBM PC, the distinction is between a self-booting program and one which is started by the user via an operating system such as MS-DOS or IBM PC DOS. The term "PC booter" was not contemporaneous with when self-booting games were being released.
Roland Bondonny
Roland Bondonny (12 May 1932 – 2 February 2005) was a wealthy vintner who lived in France, in Égletons in Corrèze and also in Fourmies in Nord. He poisoned 144 pets between 1997 and 2001. Bondonny had fed them meatballs contaminated with insecticide. He hired Alain Bodchon to kill Marius Lac, a witness for the prosecution in the case against Bondonny.  Marius Lac's body was found dead in his garage, his body hidden under a wheelbarrow. on August 25, 2004. Shortly before he was to appear in court in February 2005, he hanged himself in his cell.

Nord (French department)
Nord (French pronunciation: [nɔʁ] ⓘ; officially French: département du Nord; Picard: départémint dech Nord; Dutch: Noorderdepartement, lit. 'northern department') is a department in Hauts-de-France region, France, bordering Belgium. It was created from the western halves of the historical counties of Flanders and Hainaut, and the Bishopric of Cambrai. The modern coat of arms was inherited from the County of Flanders.

Nord is the country's most populous département. It had a population of 2,608,346 in 2019. It also contains the metropolitan region of Lille (the main city and the prefecture of the département), the fourth-largest urban area in France after Paris, Lyon and Marseille. The department is the part of France where the French Flemish dialect of Dutch has historically been spoken as a native language. Similarly, the distinct French Picard dialect Ch'ti is spoken there.
JRC
JRC is a three-letter abbreviation with multiple meanings, as described below:

The hepatitis B and liver cancer awareness campaign Jade Ribbon Campaign

The media corporation Journal Register Company

Johnson Reprint Corporation, a reprint publisher by Walter J. Johnson aka Walter Jolowicz

The Joint Radio Company of the fuel and power industries in the United Kingdom.

The European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC)

Japanese Red Cross

Radio communication equipment manufacturer Japan Radio Co., Ltd.

Radio control devices manufacturer Japan Remote Control

Jose Rizal College, now Jose Rizal University of Mandaluyong, Philippines

The Judge Rotenberg Educational Center

Royal Court of Jersey

Junior Rally Championship, formerly known as Junior World Rally Championship prior to 2007

Three-letter acronym
A three-letter acronym (TLA), or three-letter abbreviation is, as the phrase suggests, an abbreviation consisting of three letters. The term has a special status among abbreviations and to some is considered humorous since the term TLA is itself a three-letter acronym; it is an autological word.

Most TLAs are initialisms (the initial letter of each word of a phrase), but most are not acronyms in the strict sense since they are pronounced by saying each letter, as in APA /ˌeɪpiːˈeɪ/ AY-pee-AY. Some are true acronyms (pronounced as a word) such as CAT (as in CAT scan) which is pronounced as the animal.
William Elliott (Saskatchewan politician)
William Elliott (1863 – October 29, 1934) was a physician and political figure in Saskatchewan, Canada. He represented Wolseley from 1905 to 1908 and Moose Mountain from 1908 to 1912 in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan as a Provincial Rights Party member.

He was born in Mitchell, Canada West, to James Elliott and Eleanor Durin, and was educated there and at the University of Toronto medical college. In 1893, Elliott settled in Wolseley, Saskatchewan. He married Margaret Jane Carter in 1896. He was elected to the Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories in 1898 and 1902. Elliott served in the executive council for the Territories as Minister of Agriculture. He was defeated when he ran for reelection to the Saskatchewan assembly in 1912 and 1917. Elliott died at home in Wolseley at the age of 71 following a heart attack.

Elliott Falls in Saskatchewan was named in his honour.

Wolseley (Saskatchewan electoral district)
Wolseley was a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of the province of Saskatchewan, Canada. Centred on the town of Wolseley, it was one of 25 constituencies created for the 1st Saskatchewan general election in 1905.

Created as "Wolseley" before 1905, the district was redrawn and renamed "Moose Mountain" in 1908. Redrawn and renamed again in 1921, the riding was abolished before the 8th Saskatchewan general election in 1934 into Qu'Appelle-Wolseley and Moosomin.

It is now part of the constituencies of Indian Head-Milestone and Moosomin.
Simon McBride
Simon McBride (born 9 April 1979) is a Northern Irish singer and guitarist, who has played with other artists, including Deep Purple and Snakecharmer, as well as recording and touring his own band, and teaching at BIMM in Dublin.

He was announced as Deep Purple’s permanent replacement for Steve Morse on 16 September 2022 after covering for him in concerts earlier in the year.

PRS Guitars
Paul Reed Smith Guitars, also known as PRS Guitars or simply PRS, is an American guitar and amplifier manufacturer founded by Paul Reed Smith in 1985 in Annapolis, Maryland.  After dropping out of college, Smith began making guitars by hand and found early customers like Peter Frampton and Carlos Santana.  Smith achieved wider success with his namesake company's first production model, the Custom, and the ornate Dragon series.  PRS has continued to expand its product line with models like the vintage-inspired McCarty, affordable SE range, and signature models for players including Santana, Mark Tremonti, and John Mayer.  PRS also produces acoustic guitars, basses, and amplifiers.  By 2024, PRS had become the third best-selling guitar brand behind Fender and Gibson. The company is currently based in Stevensville, Maryland.
Gabriel Benoist
Gabriel Benoist (11 July 1891 – 27 October 1964) was a French writer in the Cauchois dialect of the Norman language. He is best known for the Thanase Pequeu stories of which three volumes were published in the 1930s.

He was born at Gournay-en-Bray in the Pays de Caux region of the Seine-Maritime department of Normandy.

He was the second eldest of a family of eleven children. He is buried at Yvetot.

Seine-Maritime
Seine-Maritime (French pronunciation: [sɛn maʁitim] ⓘ) is a department of France in the Normandy region of northern France. It is situated on the northern coast of France, at the mouth of the Seine, and includes the cities of Rouen and Le Havre. Until 1955 it was named Seine-Inférieure. It had a population of 1,255,633 in 2019.
2017 Copa Sudamericana finals
The 2017 Copa Sudamericana finals were the two-legged final that decides the winner of the 2017 Copa Sudamericana, the 16th edition of the Copa Sudamericana, South America's secondary international club football tournament organized by CONMEBOL.

The finals were contested in two-legged home-and-away format between Argentinian team Independiente and Brazilian team Flamengo. The first leg was hosted by Independiente at Estadio Libertadores de América in Avellaneda on 6 December 2017, while the second leg was hosted by Flamengo at Estádio do Maracanã in Rio de Janeiro on 13 December 2017.

Independiente defeated Flamengo 3–2 on aggregate to win their second Copa Sudamericana title. As champions, Independiente earned the right to play against the winners of the 2017 Copa Libertadores in the 2018 Recopa Sudamericana, and the winners of the 2017 J.League Cup in the 2018 Suruga Bank Championship. They also automatically qualified for the 2018 Copa Libertadores group stage.

2017 J.League Cup
The 2017 J.League Cup (2017 Jリーグカップ), or officially the 2017 J.League YBC Levain Cup (2017 JリーグYBCルヴァンカップ), was the 42nd edition of the most prestigious Japanese football league cup tournament and the 25th edition under the current J.League Cup format.
Pearre-Metcalfe House
The Pearre-Metcalfe House is a historic home located at New Windsor, Frederick County, Maryland, United States. It is a brick Greek Revival style farmhouse, built about 1859. There is a small, brick springhouse with corbeled brick cornice and tin roof on the property.

The Pearre-Metcalfe House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

Spring house
A spring house, or springhouse, is a small building, usually of a single room, constructed over a spring.  While the original purpose of a springhouse was to keep the spring water clean by excluding fallen leaves, animals, etc., the enclosing structure was also used for refrigeration before the advent of ice delivery and, later, electric refrigeration.  The water of the spring maintains a constant cool temperature inside the spring house throughout the year.  Food that would otherwise spoil, such as meat, fruit, or dairy products, could be kept there, safe from animal depredations as well. Springhouses thus often also served as pumphouses, milkhouses and root cellars.

The Tomahawk Spring spring house at Tomahawk, West Virginia, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.