hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Clifford Sharp
Clifford Dyce Sharp (1883–1935) was a British journalist. He was the first editor of the New Statesman magazine from its foundation in 1913 until 1928; a left-wing magazine founded by Sidney and Beatrice Webb and other members of the socialist Fabian Society. He had previously edited The Crusade.

In World War I he was a "fierce opponent" of the war and was so irksome to the Government that David Lloyd George personally arranged his conscription into the Royal Artillery. He was rescued by recruitment to the Foreign Office, and was sent to neutral Sweden, in association with Arthur Ransome.

In 1909 Sharp married Rosamund Bland, who was the adopted daughter of Edith Nesbit, the author of The Railway Children, and the natural daughter of Nesbit's husband Hubert Bland.

Fabian Society
The Fabian Society (/ˈfeɪbiən/) is a British socialist organisation whose purpose is to advance the principles of social democracy and democratic socialism via gradualist and reformist effort in democracies, rather than by revolutionary overthrow. It is related to radicalism, a left-wing liberal tradition.

As one of the founding organisations of the Labour Representation Committee in 1900, and as an important influence upon the Labour Party which grew from it, the Fabian Society has strongly influenced British politics. Members of the Fabian Society have included political leaders from other countries, such as Jawaharlal Nehru and Lee Kuan Yew, who adopted Fabian principles as part of their own political ideologies. The Fabian Society founded the London School of Economics in 1895.

Today, the society functions primarily as a think tank and is one of twenty socialist societies affiliated with the Labour Party. Similar societies exist in Australia, Canada, New Zealand and Italy.
Rutilius Claudius Namatianus
Rutilius Claudius Namatianus (fl. 5th century) was a Roman Imperial poet, best known for his Latin poem, De reditu suo, in elegiac metre, describing a coastal voyage from Rome to Gaul in 417. The poem was in two books; the exordium of the first and the greater part of the second have been lost. What remains consists of about seven hundred lines.

Whether Rutilius had converted to Christianity (the state church of the Roman Empire during his time) has been a matter of scholarly debate, but in the early 21st century, editors of his work concluded that he had not. Alan Cameron, a leading scholar of Late Antiquity, agrees that he "probably" remained unconverted from Rome's traditional religious practices, but that his hostility was not to Christianity as it was practiced by the vast majority of citizens of the Empire, but rather against the total renunciation of public life advocated by the ascetics.

Magister officiorum
The magister officiorum (Latin; lit. 'Master of Offices'; Greek: μάγιστρος τῶν ὀφφικίων, romanized: magistros tōn offikiōn) was one of the most senior administrative officials in the Later Roman Empire and the early centuries of the Byzantine Empire. In Byzantium, the office was eventually transformed into a senior honorary rank, simply called magistros (μάγιστρος), until it disappeared in the 12th century.
Everything Sad Is Untrue
Everything Sad Is Untrue: (A True Story) is a young adult/middle grade autobiographical novel by Daniel Nayeri, published August 25, 2020 by Levine Querido. In 2021, the book won the Michael L. Printz Award, Judy Lopez Memorial Award for Children's Literature, and Middle East Book Award for Youth Literature.

Scholastic Corporation
Scholastic Corporation is an American multinational publishing, education, and media company that publishes and distributes books, comics, and educational materials for schools, teachers, parents, children, and other educational institutions. Products are distributed via retail and online sales and through schools via reading clubs and book fairs. Clifford the Big Red Dog, a character created by Norman Bridwell in 1963, is the mascot of Scholastic.
Nathaniel A. Buchwald
Nathaniel A. Buchwald (July 19, 1924 – July 14, 2006) was an American neuroscientist, educator and administrator, who was Professor of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Neurobiology at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). Buchwald was internationally recognized for his pioneering research on the functions of the basal ganglia, an area of the brain closely associated with neurological diseases like Parkinson's disease.

Neuroscientist
A neuroscientist (or neurobiologist) is a scientist specializing in neuroscience that deals with the anatomy and function of neurons, neural circuits, and glia, and their behavioral, biological, and psychological roles in health and disease.

Neuroscientists generally work as researchers within a college, university, government agency, or private industry setting. In research-oriented careers, neuroscientists design and conduct scientific experiments on the nervous system and its functions. They can engage in basic or applied research. Basic research seeks to expand current understanding of the nervous system, whereas applied research seeks to address a specific problem, such as developing a treatment for a neurological disorder.

Neuroscientists have numerous career opportunities outside of academic research, including careers in industry, science writing, government program management, science advocacy, and education. A neuroscientist commonly holds a doctorate in a medical science.
Famously Afraid
Famously Afraid is an American television series. The series premiered on Travel Channel on November 5, 2019. The show features celebrities who discuss their experiences with the paranormal.

Guests on the show include Howie Mandel, Hal Sparks, Chloe Lukasiak, Montel Williams, Richie Ramone, Geraldo Rivera, Kate Flannery, Brandi Glanville, Carson Kressley, Amber Rose, Chris Kattan, R.J. Mitte, Steve Guttenberg, Tori Spelling, Ed Lover, Todd Bridges, Patti Stanger, John Melendez, Parker Stevenson and Ty Pennington.

Chloé Lukasiak
Chloe Elizabeth Lukasiak  (born May 25, 2001) is an American actress, author, dancer, model and reality television personality. She gained recognition as a child for being an original cast member of Lifetime's reality television series Dance Moms during Season 1 through Season 4, where she quickly became a fan favorite. She later returned in the later half of season 7.

Lukasiak has since transitioned from dancing to acting. Her film roles include Gwen Murphy in Center Stage: On Pointe (2016), Alexandra "Lexi" Smith in Loophole (2017), Savanah Stocker in A Cowgirl's Story (2017), Mallory in F.R.E.D.I (2018), Jasmine Joel in Next Level (2019), Ashley in Beautiful Scars (2020) and Devin Dupree in Camp Arrowhead (2020). Her social media presence includes over 14 million followers across multiple platforms, including Instagram where she has over 10 million followers.
Luís Manuel da Câmara, 3rd Count of Ribeira Grande
D. Luís Manuel da Câmara (1685;Lisbon-1723), member of the Azorean dynastic House of Camara, he was son of José Rodrigo da Câmara, grandson of François, Prince of Soubise, and 12th Donatary-Captain of the island of São Miguel (though he never took on the post and barely participated in the activities on the island, except for a joint-venture with his father). Remembered for his defense of the fortress of Campo Maior, referenced by the Spanish and King John V of Portugal, he was posted to the court of Louis XIV, following the War of the Spanish Succession.

São Miguel Island
São Miguel Island (pronounced [ˈsɐ̃w miˈɣɛl]; Portuguese for 'Saint Michael'), nicknamed "The Green Island" (Ilha Verde), is the largest and most populous island in the Portuguese archipelago of the Azores. The island covers 760 km2 (290 sq mi) and has around 140,000 inhabitants, with 45,000 people residing in Ponta Delgada, the archipelago's largest city.
Lübeck–Bad Kleinen railway
The Lübeck–Bad Kleinen railway is a single-track, non-electrified main line between the German states of Schleswig-Holstein and Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Its construction was started by the Lübeck-Kleinen Railway Company (German: Lübeck-Kleinener Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft) and, after that company's bankruptcy, it was completed and opened by the Friedrich-Franz Railway (Friedrich-Franz-Eisenbahn).

Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg Friedrich-Franz Railway
The Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg Friedrich-Franz Railway (Großherzoglich Mecklenburgische Friedrich-Franz-Eisenbahn or M.F.F.E.) was the state railway company in Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Mecklenburg-Strelitz. After its second nationalisation in 1890 up to the merger of the Länderbahnen into the Deutsche Reichsbahn in 1920 it was under the direction of the Grand Duchy's Executive Railway Board (Großherzoglichen General-Eisenbahndirection or GGED) in Schwerin.
HMS Holland 6
Holland 6 was originally a Holland-class submarine. But Holland 6 had many improvements made to her, and she was classed as the first of a class of 13 boats called the British A-class submarine.

See HMS A1 for details of her career in the Royal Navy.

HMS A1
HMS A1 was the Royal Navy's first British-designed submarine, and their first to suffer fatal casualties.

She was the lead ship of the first British A-class submarines and the only one to have a single bow torpedo tube. She was actually sunk twice: first in 1904 when she became the first submarine casualty, with the loss of all hands; however, she was recovered, but sank again in 1911, this time when she was unmanned. The wreck was discovered in 1989 and was designated under the Protection of Wrecks Act in 1998. The wreck is a Protected Wreck managed by Historic England.
Mount Johnson (California)
Mount Johnson is a 12,871-foot-elevation (3,923-meter) mountain summit located on the crest of the Sierra Nevada mountain range in California, United States. It is situated on the boundary between Kings Canyon National Park and John Muir Wilderness, and along the county line between Fresno County and Inyo County. 
It is also 18 miles (29 km) west of the community of Big Pine, 0.9 miles (1.4 km) southeast of Mount Gilbert, and one mile (1.6 km) west-northwest of Mount Goode. Mount Johnson ranks as the 187th-highest summit in California. Topographic relief is significant as the southwest aspect rises 3,670 feet (1,120 meters) above LeConte Canyon in 1.5 mile, and the north aspect rises 3,100 feet above South Lake in 2.5 miles.

Inyo County, California
Inyo County (/ˈɪnjoʊ/ ⓘ) is a county in the eastern central part of the U.S. state of California, located between the Sierra Nevada and the state of Nevada. In the 2020 census, the population was 19,016. The county seat is Independence. Inyo County is on the east side of the Sierra Nevada and southeast of Yosemite National Park in Central California. It contains the Owens River Valley; it is flanked to the west by the Sierra Nevada and to the east by the White Mountains and the Inyo Mountains. Mono County is to the north. With an area of 10,192 square miles (26,400 km2), Inyo is the second-largest county by area in California, after San Bernardino County which is directly south of Inyo County. Almost half of Inyo County's area is within Death Valley National Park. However, with a population density of 1.8 people per square mile, it also has the second-lowest population density in California, after Alpine County.
Middle Way
The Middle Way or  Middle Path (Pali: Majjhimāpaṭipadā; Sanskrit: Madhyamāpratipada) as well as "teaching the Dharma by the middle" (majjhena dhammaṃ deseti) are common Buddhist terms used to refer to two major aspects of the Dharma, that is, the teaching of the Buddha. The first phrasing, the Middle Way, refers to a spiritual practice that steers clear of both extreme asceticism and sensual indulgence. This spiritual path is defined as the Noble Eightfold Path that leads to awakening. The second formulation, "teaching the Dharma by the middle," refers to how the Buddha's Dharma (Teaching) approaches ontological issues of existence and personal identity by avoiding eternalism (or absolutism) and annihilationism (or nihilism).

Absolute (philosophy)
In philosophy (often specifically metaphysics), the absolute, in most common usage, is an absolute perfect, self-sufficient reality that depends upon nothing external to itself. In theology, the term is also used to designate the supreme being or God. While the notion of the absolute varies across traditions and thinkers, it generally signifies something that transcends all forms of limitation, relativity, and contingency.
Andrés Ocaña
Andrés Ocaña Rabadán (26 April 1955 – 2 March 2017) was a Spanish politician and academic who served as the mayor of Córdoba from 2009 to 2011.

Ocaña was born in the town of Aguilar de la Frontera in the Province of Córdoba in 1955. He served as a member of the Córdoba city council from 1995 until 2011 during the rule of the governing United Left/The Greens–Assembly for Andalusia (IU).

In 2009, Córdoba mayor Rosa Aguilar resigned from office when she was appointed counselor of the government of Andalusia. Ocaña succeeded Aguilar as the city's mayor. Ocaña served as Mayor from 2009 until 2011, when the opposition People's Party (PP) won an absolute majority in the Córdoba city council in the 2011 municipal elections.

Ocaña died of a myocardial infarction on 2 March 2017, at the age of 62.

Province of Córdoba (Spain)
Córdoba (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkoɾðoβa]; also called Cordova in English) is one of the 50 provinces of Spain, in the north-central part of the autonomous community of Andalusia. It is bordered by the  Andalusian provinces of Málaga, Seville, Jaén, and Granada, the Extremaduran province of Badajoz and the province of Ciudad Real, which is part of the autonomous community of Castile-La Mancha. Its area is 13,769 km2.
Wang Zhongjun
Wang Zhongjun, also known as Dennis Wang (Chinese: 王中军; born November 30, 1960), is a Chinese billionaire businessman, film producer and art collector. He and his brother Wang Zhonglei (a.k.a. James Wang) founded the Chinese entertainment company Huayi Brothers.

Billionaire
A billionaire is a person whose net worth is at least one billion units of a given currency, typically USD. It is a sub-category of the concept of the ultra high-net-worth individual. The American business magazine Forbes produces a global list of known U.S. dollar billionaires every year and updates an internet version of this list in real time. The American oil magnate John D. Rockefeller became the world's first confirmed billionaire in 1916.

Nineteen individuals had attained the status of centibillionaires, each with a net worth of at least $100 billion, as of January 2026. As of March 2025, there are 3028 billionaires worldwide, with a combined wealth of over $16.1 trillion, up nearly $2 trillion over 2024.
Manda Hararo
Manda Hararo is a group of basaltic shield volcanoes in the Afar region of Ethiopia that last erupted in 2009. The group is large, spreading over 105 square kilometres (41 sq mi), and located within the active Manda Hararo rift. At its northern end is a small cluster. South of this volcano is the Gumatmali-Gablaytu fissure system, an area dominated by fissure-fed lava flows. At the centre of the complex rise two volcanoes.

Afar Region
The Afar Region (/ˈɑːfɑːr/; Afar: Qafar Rakaakayak; Amharic: ዓፋር ክልል), formerly known as Region 2, is a regional state in northeastern Ethiopia and the homeland of the Afar people. Its capital is the planned city of Semera, which lies on the paved Awash–Assab highway. It is bordered by Eritrea to the north and Djibouti to the northeast; it also shares regional borders with the Tigray, Amhara, Oromo and Somali regions.

The Afar Triangle, the northern part of which is the Danakil Depression, is part of the Great Rift Valley of Ethiopia, and is located in the north of the region. It has the lowest point in Ethiopia and one of the lowest in Africa. The southern part of the region consists of the valley of the Awash River, which empties into a string of lakes along the Djibouti–Ethiopia border. Other notable landmarks include the Awash National Park.

Afar Region is a developing region of Ethiopia with a high rate of fertility.
Château d'Étobon
The Château d'Étobon is a ruined castle in the commune of Étobon in the Haute-Saône département of France, 6 km from the town of Héricourt.

The ruins stand on a hill dominating the village of Étobon. Its position and its considerable construction works contributed to its strength. It is 167 m above the village, and measures 220 m by 60 m.

Burned and destroyed by the Duke of Furstemberg in 1519, it fell into ruin. Ulrich, Duke of Württemberg, recovered the castle but did not believe he could repair it. From the 17th century, after the Thirty Years' War, the villagers, with the permission of the Prince of Montbéliard, removed a large quantity of its stones for the construction of houses. Their descendants continued this destruction. Today, there remain only a few traces of this ancient castle.

Haute-Saône
Haute-Saône (French: [ot soːn] ⓘ; Frainc-Comtou: Hâte-Saône; English: Upper Saône) is a department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region of northeastern France. Named after the river Saône, it had a population of 235,313 in 2019. Its prefecture is Vesoul; its sole subprefecture is Lure.
Band of Brothers (book)
Band of Brothers, subtitled, E Company, 506th Regiment, 101st Airborne: From Normandy to Hitler's Eagle's Nest, by Stephen E. Ambrose, is an examination of a parachute infantry company in the 101st Airborne Division in the European Theater during World War II. While the book treats on the flow of battle, it concentrates on the lives of the soldiers in and associated with the company. The book was later adapted into a 2001 miniseries for HBO by Tom Hanks, Erik Jendreson, and Steven Spielberg, also titled Band of Brothers.

Erik Jendresen
Erik Jendresen (born December 22, 1959) is an American author, playwright, screenwriter and producer. His projects include HBO miniseries Band of Brothers, executive produced by Steven Spielberg and Tom Hanks, Killing Lincoln, co-produced with Tony and Ridley Scott for the National Geographic Channel; a series based on the Francis Ford Coppola film, The Conversation (with Christopher McQuarrie); The Pony Express (with Robert Duvall); an eight-hour adaptation of Gregory Maguire's novel, Wicked (ABC); an eight-hour miniseries Majestic-12; and The Command - a series set in the world of the Joint Special Operations Command (FIC). He also co-wrote the seventh and eighth installments of the Mission: Impossible film series with McQuarrie.
East Avenue Historic District
East Avenue Historic District is a national historic district located at Rochester in Monroe County, New York. The district consists of a series of large 19th and early 20th century homes, houses of worship, meeting houses, and museums.  It contains approximately 700 structures.  Notable structures in the district include the Hiram W. Sibley House (1868), home of Hiram Sibley; Edward E. Boynton House (1909), Rochester's only work by Frank Lloyd Wright; the Culver House (1805–1816), moved to its present site in 1906; and the Strong-Todd House (1901), once occupied by Henry A. Strong.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

The George Eastman House is a National Historic Landmark located within the district.

Monroe County, New York
Monroe County is a county in the U.S. state of New York, located along Lake Ontario's southern shore. As of 2022, the population was 752,035, according to Census Bureau estimates. Its county seat and largest city is Rochester. The county is named after James Monroe, the fifth president of the United States. Monroe County is part of the upstate Rochester, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area. The county is part of the Finger Lakes region of the state.
Enrique Mario Francini
Enrique Mario Francini (14 January 1916 in San Fernando – 27 August 1978 in Buenos Aires) was  an Argentine tango orchestra director, composer and violinist who played in various tango ensembles including the Orquesta Francini-Pontier and Ástor Piazzolla's Octeto Buenos Aires.

Argentine tango
Argentine tango is a musical genre and accompanying social dance originating at the end of the 19th century in the suburbs of Buenos Aires. It typically has a 24 or 44 rhythmic time signature, and two or three parts repeating in patterns such as ABAB or ABCAC. Its lyrics are marked by nostalgia, sadness, and laments for lost love. The typical orchestra  has several melodic instruments and is given a distinctive air by the bandoneon. It has continued to grow in popularity and spread internationally, adding modern elements without replacing the older ones. Among its leading figures are the singer and songwriter Carlos Gardel and composers/performers Francisco Canaro, Juan D'Arienzo, Carlos Di Sarli, Osvaldo Pugliese, Elvira Santamaría, and Ástor Piazzolla.
Williams Peak (British Columbia)
Williams Peak is a prominent 2,123-metre (6,965-foot) mountain summit located in the Chilliwack River valley of the Cascade Mountains in southwestern British Columbia, Canada. It is situated 14 km (9 mi) north of the Canada–United States border, 6 km (4 mi) northwest of Chilliwack Lake, and 6.7 km (4 mi) southeast of Foley Peak, which is its nearest higher peak. Williams Peak is the highest point of the South Hope Mountains, which is a subset of the Skagit Range. Precipitation runoff from the peak drains into tributaries of the Chilliwack River. The mountain's name was officially adopted April 7, 1955, by the Geographical Names Board of Canada. Williams Peak was first climbed July 1908 by James J. McArthur and E.T. de Coeli via the southwest ridge.

Chilliwack Lake
Chilliwack Lake is a lake in the upper basin of the Chilliwack River southeast of the city of the same name in the Lower Mainland of British Columbia, Canada. The lake, while entirely within Canada, is located just north of the border between British Columbia and the state of Washington and is both fed and drained by the Chilliwack River, which has its source in the North Cascades of Washington state and Canada, which surround the lake on all sides.
Boel Flodgren
Boel Flodgren (née Ohlsson), born 17 November 1942 in Örebro, Sweden, is a Swedish professor of business law. Between 1992 and 2003 she was the rector of Lund University. In 2011, she was awarded an honorary doctorate by the University of Oslo.

Örebro
Örebro (/ˌɜːrəˈbruː/ UR-ə-BROO; Swedish: [œrɛˈbruː] ⓘ) is the seventh-largest city in Sweden, the seat of Örebro Municipality, and capital of Örebro County. It is situated by the Närke Plain, near the lake Hjälmaren, a few kilometers inland along the small river Svartån, and has a population of approximately 126,000 in the city proper. It is one of the largest inland hubs of the country, and a major logistic and commercial operating site.

Örebro is home to Örebro University, a major university hospital, a medieval castle, the water park Gustavsvik as well as several large shopping malls and the Oset and Rynningeviken Nature Reserve adjacent to lake Hjälmaren.

Örebro is a trade and logistics city with a strategic location 200 km from Stockholm, 330 km from Oslo and 280 km from Gothenburg. The city is served by Örebro Airport 10 km (6 mi) southwest of the city, and by Örebro Central Station, serviced by the Mälaren Line and Western Main Line.
Big Pump
Big Pump, also known as Maryville Oil Co., was a historic service station located at Maryville, Nodaway County, Missouri. It was built in 1937, and was a 21-foot high, Art Deco style structure.  It had wood framing and sheet metal siding shaped to resemble a gasoline pump of the 1937 period.: 2

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. It was delisted in 1994 after being relocated to King City.

Maryville, Missouri
Maryville is a city in and the county seat of Nodaway County, Missouri, United States. Located in the "Missouri Point" region, the city population was 10,633, according to the 2020 Census. Maryville is home to Northwest Missouri State University and Northwest Technical School. Maryville is the second-largest city (behind St. Joseph, Missouri) wholly within the boundaries of the 1836 Platte Purchase which expanded Missouri's borders into former Indian Territory in northwest Missouri.