hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
5-Methoxymethylone
5-Methoxymethylone (also known as 2-A1MP and βk-MMDMA) is a chemical compound of the cathinone class which has been sold online as a designer drug. It is the beta-ketone version of 5-Methoxy-MDMA. The more common name 2-AIMP/2-A1MP does not appear to relate to the molecular structure. In comparison with methylone, the two compounds differ by the addition of a methoxy group at the 5th carbon atom of the aromatic ring. The toxicity of this compound is unknown.

Substituted cathinone
Substituted cathinones, or simply cathinones, which include some stimulants and entactogens, are derivatives of cathinone. They feature a phenethylamine core with an alkyl group attached to the alpha carbon, and a ketone group attached to the beta carbon, along with additional substitutions. Cathinone occurs naturally in the plant khat whose leaves are chewed as a recreational drug.

Substituted cathinones act as monoamine releasing agents and/or monoamine reuptake inhibitors, including of norepinephrine, dopamine, and/or serotonin. In contrast to substituted amphetamines, most substituted cathinones do not act as agonists of the human trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1). This may potentiate their stimulating and addictive effects. In addition, β-keto-substituted phenethylamines, such as βk-2C-B, appear to show dramatically reduced potency and efficacy as serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonists compared to their non-β-keto-substituted counterparts.
Aero Nomad Airlines
Aero Nomad Airlines LLC is a Kyrgyz airline based in Bishkek. It was established in 2021, and began operations in November 2021 with its first flight out of Kyrgyzstan to Delhi, the capital of India. It has two hubs: Bishkek, as its primary hub, and Osh, as its secondary hub. It is currently banned from flying into the EU.

Osh
Osh (English: /ɒʃ/, Kyrgyz: [Ош] ⓘ, Russian: [Ош]) is the second-largest city in Kyrgyzstan, located in the Fergana Valley in the south of the country. It is often referred to as the "capital of the south". It is the oldest city in the country (estimated by UNESCO to be more than 3,000 years old) and has served as the administrative center of Osh Region since 1939. The city has an ethnically mixed population of 322,164 in 2021, comprising  Kyrgyz, Uzbeks, Ukrainians, Koreans, and other smaller ethnic groups.
Journal of Law, Economics, and Policy
The Journal of Law, Economics & Policy is an independent, peer-edited law journal run by students at the Antonin Scalia Law School of George Mason University. Founded in 2002, the journal covers the eponymous fields of law, economics, and policy. The journal usually publishes two to four issues per year, with one of those issues dedicated to annual symposia and one issue dedicated to student submissions. The journal accepts manuscripts throughout the year on its Scholastica website. The Journal is the first student-run journal of law and economics in legal academia.

The journal is cited widely throughout state and federal courts, including notably in an opinion by D.C. Circuit U.S. federal judge Neomi Rao in District of Columbia v. Exxon Mobil Corp. It also holds symposia regularly on relevant legal challenges.

District of Columbia v. Exxon Mobil Corp.
District of Columbia v. Exxon Mobil Corp. is an ongoing lawsuit filed against Exxon Mobil Corporation and ExxonMobil Oil Corporation by the District of Columbia (D.C.). This case is one of a long list of lawsuits filed against ExxonMobil including environmental and ethical wrongdoings.
Sylvan Learning
Sylvan Learning, Inc. (formerly Sylvan Learning Corporation) consists of franchised and corporate supplemental learning centers which provide personalized instruction in reading, writing, mathematics, study skills, homework support, and test preparation for college entrance and state exams. Some centers also offer STEM courses in robotics and coding. Sylvan provides personalized learning programs and primarily serves students in primary and secondary education.

Reading
Reading is the process of taking in the sense or meaning of symbols, often specifically those of a written language, by means of sight or touch.

For educators and researchers, reading is a multifaceted process involving such areas as word recognition, orthography (spelling), punctuation, alphabetics, phonics, phonemic awareness, vocabulary, comprehension, fluency, and motivation.

Other types of reading and writing, such as pictograms (e.g., a hazard symbol or an emoji), are not based on speech-based writing systems. The common link is the interpretation of symbols to extract the meaning from the visual notations or tactile signals (e.g., braille).

There is a growing body of evidence which illustrates the importance of reading for pleasure for both educational purposes as well as personal development.
Francisco José Monagas
Francisco José Monagas (1747–1814) was a Venezuelan  rancher and businessman. He was born in Tócome, Petare in the state of Miranda in 1747 and died in Maturin in the state of Monagas in December 1814. His parents were Bartolomé Monagas de León, a native of the Canary Islands ensign, and María Ignacia Fernández de León, Bartolomé's cousin. He married Perfecta Burgos Villasana, a native of San Carlos, with whom he had several children including María Celestina, José Tadeo Monagas, José Gregorio Monagas, María de los Reyes, Antonio Gerardo, Francisco José and Petronila Antonia.

Venezuelans
Venezuelans (Spanish: venezolanos) are the citizens identified with the country of Venezuela. This connection may be through citizenship, descent or cultural. For most Venezuelans, many or all of these connections exist and are the source of their Venezuelan citizenship or their bond to Venezuela.

Venezuela is a diverse and multilingual country, home to a melting pot of people of distinct origins. As a result, many Venezuelans do not regard their nationality with ethnicity, but with citizenship or allegiance. From the 1820s to 1930s Venezuela received 2.1 million European immigrants, the third most in Latin America, behind Argentina and Brazil.
Additur
An additur (Latin: "it is added to") is a legal term referring to the practice of a trial judge adding damages additional to the original amount awarded by the jury. It is not allowed in U.S. federal courts, as held by Dimick vs. Schiedt, 293 U.S. 474 (1935). However, Dimick was decided before Erie Railroad Co. v. Tompkins (1938), which given the rarity of additur makes it unclear whether federal courts are bound by this rule when applying state law in diversity cases.

Some American states, on the other hand, allow the practice, including California and New Jersey. It is the opposite of remittitur, which is allowed in federal law. Although this is a rarely used procedure, it is usually granted for punitive damages when it is used in state courts.

Trial
In law, a trial is a coming together of parties to a dispute, to present information (in the form of evidence) in a tribunal, a formal setting with the authority to adjudicate claims or disputes. One form of tribunal is a court. The tribunal, which may occur before a judge, jury, or other designated trier of fact, aims to achieve a resolution to their dispute.
Sidley Wood
Sidley Wood is a 11.7-hectare (29-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest north of Andover in Hampshire.

This south-facing secondary wood on chalk soil has many stands of ancient hornbeam coppice, some of more than 2 metres (6.6 feet) in diameter; no other comparable stands are known in south central England. Other trees are oak, field maple, ash and hazel.

Hazel
Hazels are plants of the genus Corylus of deciduous trees and large shrubs native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere. The genus is usually placed in the birch family, Betulaceae, though some botanists split the hazels (with the hornbeams and allied genera) into a separate family Corylaceae. The fruit of the hazel is the hazelnut.
Sevoke
Sevoke (also Sevok or Sivok) is a small town near Siliguri in the Darjeeling district of West Bengal state of India near the border with Sikkim state. Situated in Dooars,  Sevoke lies on the bank of River Teesta and has two bridges − namely Coronation Bridge and Sevoke Railway Bridge over it. Indian Army and Border Security Force camps are located in the area. The Mahananda Wildlife Sanctuary is situated in this area. National Highway NH10 passes through the town and connects Sevoke town to Gangtok and Siliguri. National Highway 17 originates from Sevoke near Coronation Bridge and terminates in Guwahati.

Border Security Force
The Border Security Force (BSF) is a central armed police force under the Ministry of Home Affairs. It is responsible for guarding India's borders with Pakistan and Bangladesh. It was formed in the wake of the Indo-Pak War of 1965 to ensure the security of India's borders and for related matters.

The BSF has grown from 25 battalions in 1965, to 193 battalions with a sanctioned strength of 270,000 personnel including an expanding air wing, water wing, an artillery regiment and specialised units. It is currently the world's largest border security force. BSF has been termed the First Line of Defence of Indian territories.
Dennis Parmenter
Dennis W. Parmenter (December 27, 1950 – December 12, 2020) was an American politician and lawyer.

Parmenter was born in Elkhart, Iowa to his parents Paul Parmenter and Kathryn, née Ault. After his mother died, his father remarried Sandra Sorenson. Dennis Parmenter attended North Polk High School, Iowa State University, and the Drake University School of Law. He married Kathy Houge in October 1970, with whom he had three children. Parmenter was an Assistant Story County Attorney, and in 1979, established his legal practice in Huxley.

Parmenter previously served as mayor of Huxley. A Democrat, he was a member of the Iowa House of Representatives from 1999 to 2001 (62nd district).

He died on December 12, 2020, in Des Moines. Parmenter's memorial service was held in June 2021.

Drake University Law School
Drake University Law School is the law school affiliated with Drake University, located in Des Moines, Iowa. Over 330 full-time students attend the institution. Roscoe Jones, Jr. serves as the dean of the Law School.

Founded in 1865, Drake Law School is one of the 25 oldest law schools in the United States. It was established by Iowa Supreme Court justices George G. Wright and Chester Cole, who aimed to teach law in proximity to the courts so students could witness the law in action.
Gary Ramey
Gary William Ramey is a Canadian politician, who was elected to the Nova Scotia House of Assembly in the 2009 provincial election. He represented the electoral district of Lunenburg West as a member of the New Democratic Party until his defeat in the 2013 election.

Ramey was the ministerial assistant for the Department of Health in the government of Darrell Dexter.

2013 Nova Scotia general election
The 2013 Nova Scotia general election was held on October 8, 2013, to elect members to the Nova Scotia House of Assembly.

The result of the election was a Liberal victory under the leadership of Stephen McNeil, with the party winning its first election since 1998. The Progressive Conservatives, under the leadership of Jamie Baillie, improved on their 2009 results and formed the Official Opposition, despite winning fewer votes than the New Democratic Party (NDP). The NDP, which had won power for the first time in 2009 under the leadership of Darrell Dexter was reduced to third place and became only the second one-term government in the province's history, and the first since 1882. Dexter himself was defeated in Cole Harbour-Portland Valley by Liberal candidate Tony Ince.
Glenside Hospital
Glenside Hospital refers to multiple institutions:

Glenside Hospital (Adelaide), former institution in Glenside, South Australia

Glenside Hospital (Bristol), former institution on what is now the Glenside, Bristol campus of the University of the West of England

Glenside, Bristol
Glenside campus is the home of the Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences at the University of the West of England (UWE Bristol), in Bristol. It is located on Blackberry Hill in the suburb of Fishponds. Its clocktower is a prominent landmark, visible from the M32 motorway. Several of the buildings on the site are Grade II listed.
Charles T. Pepper
Doctor Charles Taylor Pepper (December 2, 1830 – May 28, 1903) was an American physician and surgeon, who is often cited as the namesake for the soft drink brand Dr Pepper. Many stories on the origins of the drink's name exist, of which the Dr Pepper Museum has been unable to confirm or authenticate which one may be the true historical record.

Pepper was a Confederate surgeon during the American Civil War where he practiced at a college in Virginia. After the war he opened a drug store in Rural Retreat where he sold medical supplies and worked in the medical field providing services for the surrounding area. He stayed in Virginia his entire life.

ABC-Clio
ABC-Clio, LLC (stylized ABC-CLIO) is an American publishing company for academic reference works and periodicals primarily on topics such as history and social sciences for educational and public library settings. Since 2021, ABC-Clio and its suite of imprints are collectively imprints of British publishing house Bloomsbury Publishing.

ABC-Clio provides service to fifteen different online databases which contain over one million online textbooks. The company consults academic leaders in the fields they cover in order to provide authority for their reference titles. The headquarters are located in Santa Barbara, California.
Gorakhpur–Pune Express (via Lucknow)
Gorakhpur–Pune Express is  an Express train belonging to North Eastern Railway zone of Indian Railways that run between Gorakhpur Junction and Pune Junction in India.

This train was inaugurated on 26 March 2015, flagged off by Manoj Sinha (Former Minister of State Railways) for direct connectivity between Gorakhpur and Pune.

Till 23 May 2019, it was running with ICF coach after that its also converted into LHB coach for more comfortable travel.

Gorakhpur Junction railway station
Gorakhpur Junction railway station (station code: GKP) is located in the city of Gorakhpur in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It has the world's second longest railway platform after Hubballi Junction railway station in Karnataka. It serves as the headquarters of the North Eastern Railway, part of Indian Railways. The station offers Class A+ railway station facilities.

Gorakhpur Junction railway station is a major railway station in the state of Uttar Pradesh, especially in the Purvanchal region (Eastern Uttar Pradesh). It connects Eastern Uttar Pradesh to Bihar, Nepal, and Northern India to Bihar.
God in Me
"God in Me" is a song by American contemporary gospel duo Mary Mary featuring American gospel singer Kierra "Kiki" Sheard. It was released as the second single from their fourth studio album The Sound (2008), and was also featured on their greatest hits album Go Get It (2012). and was written by both Mary Mary and producer Warryn Campbell, husband of member Erica Campbell. The single is the group's first to chart on the Billboard Hot 100 since their debut single, "Shackles", charted in 2000. The song won Song of the Year at the 25th Annual Stellar Awards.

Warryn Campbell
Warryn Stafford Campbell Jr. (born August 21, 1975) is an American record producer. He has worked with a number of gospel, hip hop and R&B artists. Campbell originally got his start as a session musician and producer under the tutelage of DJ Quik on his third album Safe + Sound.
CodeGear
CodeGear is a wholly owned division of Embarcadero Technologies. CodeGear develops software development tools such as the Delphi Integrated development environment, the programming language Delphi, and the database server InterBase. Originally a division of Borland Software Corporation, it was launched on 14 November 2006.

Division (business)
A division, sometimes called a business sector or business unit (segment), is one of the parts into which a business, organization or company is divided. Divisions are created to focus on different markets, consumers or types of product or service and are a way of structurally organising a business.
Alfred Critchley
Air Commodore Alfred Cecil Critchley, CMG, CBE, DSO (23 February 1890 – 9 February 1963) was a military commander, entrepreneur and politician in the United Kingdom. He served as a Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) from 1934 to 1935.

Air commodore
Air commodore (Air Cdre or Air Cmde) is an air officer rank used by some air forces, with origins from the Royal Air Force. The rank is also used by the air forces of many countries which have historical British influence and it is sometimes used as the English translation of an equivalent rank in countries which have a non-English air force-specific rank structure.

Air commodore is immediately senior to group captain and immediately subordinate to air vice-marshal. It is usually equivalent to a commodore or a brigadier/brigadier general.

The equivalent rank in the Women's Auxiliary Air Force, Women's Royal Air Force (until 1968) and Princess Mary's Royal Air Force Nursing Service (until 1980) was "air commandant".
Sternfeld
Sternfeld (lit. 'star field') is a surname of German origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Aenne Biermann, née Sternfeld (1898–1933), German photographer

Ary Abramovich Sternfeld (1905–1980), Polish aerospace scientist

Daniel Sternfeld (1905–1986), Belgian Composer

Joel Sternfeld (born 1944), American photographer

Nathan Sternfeld, author of Adventures With Rebbe Mendel

Richard Sternfeld (1884–1943), German herpetologist

Richard Sternfeld
Richard Sternfeld (8 February 1884, in Bielefeld – 1943 in Auschwitz) was a German-Jewish herpetologist, who was responsible for describing over forty species of amphibians and reptiles, particularly from  Germany's African and Pacific colonies (i.e. modern-day Tanzania, Cameroon, Togo, Namibia and Papua New Guinea).
Tomaž Tomšič
Tomaž Tomšič (born 17 August 1972 in Postojna) is a Slovenian handball player who competed in the 2000 Summer Olympics and in the 2004 Summer Olympics. He spent most of his career (from 19 years old) in handball club Celje Pivovarna Laško and a couple of years in France. Tomaž is still one of the players that represented the country the most with a little over 200 games for Slovenian national team. He has two children twins Ema and Tim Tomšič with his wife Karmen Tomšič.

Postojna
Postojna (pronounced [pɔˈstóːjna] ⓘ; German: Adelsberg, Italian: Postumia) is a town in the traditional region of Inner Carniola, 35 kilometers (22 mi) from Trieste, in southwestern Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Postojna. It includes the hamlet of Ravbarkomanda (sometimes also spelled Ravberkomanda, German: Räubercommando) to the northeast.
Rob Valentine (rugby)
Robert Angus Valentine (22 February 1941 – 11 June 2024) was a Scottish rugby union and professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s, and coached rugby league in the 1970s.

Valentine played representative level rugby union (RU) for South of Scotland, and at club level for Hawick Wanderers RFC, Hawick Linden RFC and Hawick RFC as a flanker, and representative level rugby league (RL) for Great Britain and Other Nationalities, and at club level for Huddersfield, Wakefield Trinity and Keighley (captain), as a prop, second-row or loose forward, and coached at club level rugby league (RL) for Britannia Works in 1975 in Huddersfield's Pennine League, and formed the Huddersfield colts team in 1976.

Hawick Linden RFC
Hawick Linden RFC are a rugby union team based in Hawick, in the Scottish Borders. They compete in the East Regional Leagues in the East Division 3. In the 2008–09 season, in which they were undefeated, they won all 12 games, they made it to the semi-final of the Scottish Plate. They play their home games at Volunteer Park.
Grantville Historic District
The Grantville Historic District, in Grantville, Georgia, is a historic district which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991. The listing included 225 contributing buildings, a contributing structure, and a contributing site on 192 acres (0.78 km2).

The district is bounded by U.S. Route 29, LaGrange St., W. Grantville Rd. and the city cemetery.

It includes railroad tracks through the center of the district, with commercial buildings on both sides, mostly brick buildings. It includes residential areas and two historic mill complexes with mill villages.  It also includes a school, a waterworks, an auditorium, several churches and, on the eastern edge of the district, the city cemetery.

U.S. Route 29
U.S. Route 29 or U.S. Highway 29 (US 29) is a north–south United States Numbered Highway that runs for 1,043.3 miles (1,679.0 km) from Pensacola, Florida, to Ellicott City, Maryland, just west of Baltimore, Maryland, in the Eastern United States, connecting the Florida Panhandle to the Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area. The highway takes on an overall northeast–southwest direction, from its southern terminus at US 90 and US 98 in Pensacola to its northern terminus at Maryland Route 99 (MD 99) in Ellicott City.

The section of US 29 between Greensboro, North Carolina, and Danville, Virginia, has been designated as Future Interstate 785 (Future I-785) and has received future Interstate signs in several locations along that route. It will become an official Interstate Highway once improvements have been completed.

From Auburn, Alabama, to Greensboro, I-85 runs parallel to US 29, which serves primarily as a local route along that stretch.
1982 Norfolk Island electoral system referendum
A referendum was held in Norfolk Island on 1 December 1982 to decide whether the electoral system for the Norfolk Island Legislative Assembly should be changed from proportional representation to a new cumulative voting system.

Voters were asked "Are you in favor of a change from proportional representation type of system of voting to a new cumulative system of voting?", with a threshold of 60% votes in favor required for passage. The referendum passed narrowly, with just over 63% of voters in favor of the change.

Norfolk Island Legislative Assembly
The Norfolk Island Legislative Assembly was the prime legislative body of Norfolk Island from 1979 to 2015. Formed after the Norfolk Island Act 1979 was passed in the Australian Parliament, its first members were elected on 10 August 1979. The last assembly was the 14th, elected on 13 March 2013. On 17 June 2015, the Australian Government abolished the assembly, ending self-government on the island. Norfolk Island Regional Council, a local government body instituted under New South Wales law and with significantly-restricted powers, was established in July 2016 to perform local-level governance on the island.
Arriola
Arriola is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aly Arriola (born 1987), Honduran soccer player

Eduardo Arriola (born 1972), Honduran soccer player

Elizabeth P. Arriola (1928–2002), Guamanian educator and politician

Ezequiel Arriola (born 1982), Argentine soccer player

Fortunato Arriola (1827–1872), Mexican painter

Gus Arriola (1917–2008), Mexican-American comic strip cartoonist and animator

Héber Arriola (born 1980), Argentine soccer player

Joaquin C. Arriola (1925–2022), Guamanian politician

Julia Benites Arriola (born 1952), Mexican-Mescalero-American sculptor and curator

Manolita Arriola (1919–2004), Mexican singer and actress

Paul Arriola (born 1995), American soccer player

Pepito Arriola (1896–1954), Spanish child prodigy pianist and master violinist

Sylvio Arriola, Canadian actor

Theresa H. Arriola, Northern Mariana Islander cultural anthropologist

Ígor A. Arriola, brazilian biologist.

Fortunato Arriola
Fortunato Arriola (1827–1872) was a Mexican portraitist and landscape painter, of Spanish descent. He is considered one of the pioneer artists of California, and his work was popular in San Francisco, where he came to live in 1857. Arriola primarily painted portraits, sunsets, and luminous tropical landscapes.