hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hwekum
Hwekum is a village in Lahe Township, Naga Self-Administered Zone, in the Sagaing Region of northwestern Burma. It is located in a mountainous forest area to the northwest of Singkaling Hkamti. The village, close to the Indian border, has been subject to raids by the Ponyo Nagars, and since 2010 has been part of the new Naga-self-administered zone.

Naga Self-Administered Zone
The Naga Self-Administered Zone (Burmese: နာဂကိုယ်ပိုင်အုပ်ချုပ်ခွင့်ရဒေသ [nàɡa̰ kòbàɪɰ̃ ʔoʊʔtɕʰoʊʔ kʰwɪ̰ɰ̃ja̰ dèθa̰]), is a self-administered zone in the Naga Hills area of Sagaing Region of Myanmar. Its administrative seat is the town of Lahe.
Billy MacKay
Billy MacKay (born (1960-10-27)27 October 1960 in Glenrothes) is a Scottish former professional football player who is best known for his time with Rangers.

MacKay began his career with Rangers. Whilst at Ibrox he made 37 appearances and scored four goals. He joined Hearts in 1985 and spent two seasons there making five league appearances and making the bench for the 1986 Cup Final. He also had a brief loan spell at Dunfermline Athletic whilst at Tynecastle. MacKay was forced to retire through injury in 1987.

Tynecastle Park
Tynecastle Park, also known as Tynecastle Stadium or colloquially as Tynie, is a football stadium in the Gorgie area of Edinburgh, which is the home ground of Scottish Professional Football League club Heart of Midlothian (Hearts). A UEFA category four stadium, it has also hosted Scotland international matches, and been used as a neutral venue for Scottish Cup and Scottish League Cup semi-finals.

Tynecastle has a seating capacity of 19,852, which makes it the sixth-largest football stadium in Scotland. Hearts have played at the present site of Tynecastle since 1886.
The Night (Disturbed song)
"The Night" is a song by American heavy metal band Disturbed. It was released on 31 March 2009, as the fourth single from their studio album, Indestructible. The song was the first from Indestructible to be completed musically. It is lyrically meant to portray the night as a living entity. Musically, "The Night" is dark and textural. Disturbed guitarist Dan Donegan was almost universally praised for his work on this song, specifically during the guitar solo. A music video to correspond with the song was filmed in January 2009 and later released in late March 2009.

Dan Donegan
Daniel Joseph Donegan (born August 1, 1968) is an American musician who is the guitarist and one of the founding members of heavy metal band Disturbed.

Donegan began playing guitar as a teenager and eventually formed a band called Vandal, which was a 1980s-style glam metal band. He also played with some of the members of Vandal in another band that was called Loudmouth, and has pursued a side project band, Fight or Flight, in collaboration with Disturbed band member Mike Wengren.

Donegan was added to the guitar show Chop Shop's list of "Top 100 Most Complete Guitar Players of All Time" at number 76. Some journalists consider him to be among the best nu metal guitarists of all time.
Public housing estates in Sheung Shui
The following is a list of public housing estates in Sheung Shui Town, Hong Kong, including Home Ownership Scheme (HOS), Private Sector Participation Scheme (PSPS), Sandwich Class Housing Scheme (SCHS), Flat-for-Sale Scheme (FFSS), and Tenants Purchase Scheme (TPS) estates.

Sandwich Class Housing Scheme
The Sandwich Class Housing Scheme was a scheme from the Hong Kong Housing Society offering apartments to middle-income families, i.e. sandwich class, at concessionary prices during the 1990s in Hong Kong. The purchases were subject to a five-year resale restriction. The first development, Tivoli Garden, was completed in 1995, and was followed by 12 other developments. In total, more than 12,000 units were offered.

Unlike Home Ownership Scheme and Flat-for-Sale Scheme, the owners under Sandwich Class Housing Scheme must pay a land premium before they can sell their flats in the free second-hand property market.
Canyon Passage
Canyon Passage is a 1946 American Western film directed by Jacques Tourneur, and set in the American frontier era of the old Oregon Territory in the mid-1850s. It stars Dana Andrews, Susan Hayward, and Brian Donlevy. Featuring love triangles and an Indian natives uprising, the film was adapted from the 1945 novelette in the Saturday Evening Post magazine of Canyon Passage by Ernest Haycox. Hoagy Carmichael, (music) and Jack Brooks (lyrics) were nominated for Academy Award for Best Original Song ("Oscar") for the popular tune of "Ole Buttermilk Sky" sung by country-western music singer Carmichael of the late 1940s and 1950s.

Academy Award for Best Original Song
The Academy Award for Best Original Song is one of the awards given annually to people working in the motion picture industry by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It is presented to the songwriters who have composed the best original song written specifically for a film. The performers of a song are not credited with the Academy Award unless they contributed either to music, lyrics, or both in their own right. The songs that are nominated for this award are typically performed during the ceremony and before this award is presented.

The award category was introduced at the 7th Academy Awards, the ceremony honoring the best in film for 1934. Nominations are made by Academy members who are songwriters and composers, and the winners are chosen by the Academy membership as a whole. Fifteen songs are shortlisted before nominations are announced.
Khudadat bey Rafibeyli
Khudadat bey Rafibeyli (Azerbaijani: Xudadat bəy Rəfibəyli; 1878–1920), also known as Khudadat Rafibeyov, was a statesman who served as Governor General of Ganja Governorate and Minister of Healthcare of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, and was also the member of Azerbaijani National Council and later Parliament of Azerbaijan. He was the father of  Azerbaijani writer Nigar Rafibeyli, father-in-law of Rasul Rza and grandfather of Anar Rzayev, chairman of Writers' Union of Azerbaijan.

Anar Rzayev
Anar Rasul oghlu Rzayev (Azerbaijani: Anar Rəsul oğlu Rzayev; born 14 March 1938, Baku), known mononymously as Anar, is an Azerbaijani writer, dramatist, film director, and the Chairman of the Writers' Union of Azerbaijan. Anar is primarily a novelist and short-story writer, although in the past, he has also authored screenplays and directed films as well as acted in a film.
Season of the Inundation
The Season of the Inundation or Flood (Akhet in Egyptian) (Ancient Egyptian: Ꜣḫt) was the first season of the lunar and civil Egyptian calendars. It fell after the intercalary month of Days over the Year (Ḥryw Rnpt) and before the Season of the Emergence (Prt). In the Coptic and Egyptian calendars this season begins at the start of the month of Thout (about 11 September), continues through the months of Paopi and Hathor, before concluding at the end of Koiak (about 8 January).: 453

Intercalation (timekeeping)
Intercalation or embolism in timekeeping is the insertion of a leap day, week, or month into some calendar years to make the calendar follow the seasons or moon phases. Lunisolar calendars may require intercalations of days or months.
History of bread in California
The history of California bread as a prominent factor in the field of bread baking dates from the days of the California Gold Rush around 1849, encompassing the development of sourdough bread in San Francisco. It includes the rise of artisan bakeries in the 1980s, which strongly influenced what has been called the "Bread Revolution".

Sourdough
Sourdough is a type of bread that uses fermentation by naturally occurring yeast and lactobacillus bacteria to raise (leaven) the dough. In addition to leavening the bread, the fermentation process produces lactic acid, which gives the bread its distinctive sour taste and improves its keeping qualities.
2017 US Open – Mixed doubles
Laura Siegemund and Mate Pavić were the defending champions, but Siegemund was unable to compete due to injury. Pavić played alongside Andreja Klepač, but lost to Alicja Rosolska and Santiago González in the first round.

Martina Hingis and Jamie Murray won their second consecutive Grand Slam mixed doubles title, defeating Chan Hao-ching and Michael Venus in the final, 6–1, 4–6, [10–8].

Santiago González (tennis)
Santiago González Torre (Latin American Spanish: [sanˈtjaɣo ɣonˈsales ˈtore]; born 24 February 1983) is a Mexican professional tennis player. His career-high ATP ranking is World No. 7 in doubles, achieved on 13 November 2023. He has won 25 ATP doubles titles. In 2017, he reached the French Open final in doubles along with his partner Donald Young. Additionally, he has reached the finals of four other Grand Slam tournaments in the Mixed category: the 2013 French Open, the 2014 and 2015 US Open, and the 2024 Wimbledon. González represents Mexico at the Davis Cup competition; currently his record is 31–19 as of end of 2023 season. His career-high ranking in singles is No. 155, achieved on 22 May 2006.
Shoulder of Mutton Green
Shoulder of Mutton Green is a public open space in Welling in the London Borough of Bexley. It lies between Wickham Street and Bellegrove Road, which is part of the old London to Dover Road. It owes its unusual name to its triangular shape.

London Borough of Bexley
The London Borough of Bexley (/ˈbɛksli/ ⓘ) is a London borough in south-east London, forming part of Outer London. It has a population of 248,287. The main settlements are Sidcup, Erith, Bexleyheath, Belvedere, Crayford, Welling and Old Bexley. The London Borough of Bexley is within the Thames Gateway, an area designated as a national priority for urban regeneration. The local authority is Bexley London Borough Council.
Lisa E. Bloom
Lisa E. Bloom (born 1958) is an American cultural critic, educator and feminist art historian specializing in polar studies, contemporary art, environmental art, history of photography, visual culture and film studies and is known for her books and essay contributions to these areas.

Film studies
Film studies is an academic discipline that deals with various theoretical, historical, and critical approaches to cinema as an art form and a medium. It is sometimes subsumed within media studies and is often compared to television studies.

Film studies is less concerned with advancing proficiency in film production than it is with exploring the narrative, artistic, cultural, economic, and political implications of the cinema. In searching for these social-ideological values, film studies takes a series of critical approaches for the analysis of production, theoretical framework, context, and creation. Also, in studying film, possible careers include critic or production. Overall the study of film continues to grow, as does the industry on which it focuses.

Academic journals publishing film studies work include Sight and Sound, Film Comment, Film International, CineAction, Screen, Journal of Cinema and Media Studies, Film Quarterly, and Journal of Film and Video.
Yemva
Yemva (Russian: Е́мва; Komi: Емва, Jemva) is a town and the administrative center of Knyazhpogostsky District of the Komi Republic, Russia, located on the Vym River 130 kilometers (81 mi) northeast of Syktyvkar. Population:  14,570 (2010 census); 16,739 (2002 census); 18,782 (1989 Soviet census).

Vym (river)
The Vym (Russian: Вымь; Komi: Емва, romanized: Emva) is a river in the Komi Republic, Russia. It is a tributary of the Vychegda in the basin of the Northern Dvina. It is 499 kilometres (310 mi) long, and its drainage basin covers 25,600 square kilometres (9,900 sq mi). Its average discharge is 196 cubic metres per second (6,900 cu ft/s).

The Vym has its sources in the southern foothills of the Timan Ridge. It runs towards the south, through a flat taiga landscape of coniferous forests and bogs. In the upper reaches of the river there are stretches of rapids. It joins the Vychegda at the settlement of Ust-Vym. The river is used for floating of timber and wood products, and it is navigable on its lower reaches.

Its main tributaries are, from the right: Vorykva, Edva, Pozheg and Chub, and from the left: Koin and Veslyana.
Ibubeleye Whyte
Ibubeleye Whyte (born 9 January 1992 in Enugu, Nigeria) is a Nigeria footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Rivers Angels in the Nigerian Women's Championship and the Nigeria women's national football team.

2014 African Women's Championship
The 2014 African Women's Championship, the 11th edition of the tournament, was held in Namibia. This tournament, organized by the Confederation of African Football, was also a qualification tournament for the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup, with top three qualifying for the finals in Canada. It was played on 11–25 October 2014.

The tournament marked the first participation of Namibia in the African championship. Also for the first time the defending champions, Equatorial Guinea, were not taking part after failing to win their last qualifying round match.

Nigeria defeated Cameroon 2–0 in the final to win their record-extending seventh title.
Schaeffer's sign
Schaeffer's sign is a clinical sign in which squeezing the Achilles tendon elicits an extensor plantar reflex. It is found in patients with pyramidal tract lesions, and is one of a number of Babinski-like responses.

The sign takes its name from the German neurologist Max Schaeffer (1852–1923).

Achilles tendon
The Achilles tendon, or the heel cord, also known as the calcaneal tendon, is a tendon at the back of the lower leg, and is the thickest in the human body. It serves to attach the plantaris, gastrocnemius (calf) and soleus muscles to the calcaneus (heel) bone. These muscles, acting via the tendon, cause plantar flexion of the foot at the ankle joint, and (except the soleus) flexion at the knee.

Abnormalities of the Achilles tendon include inflammation (Achilles tendinitis), degeneration, rupture, and becoming embedded with cholesterol deposits (xanthomas).

The Achilles tendon was named in 1693 after the Greek hero Achilles.
Mazia (surname)
Mazia, Mazya, Maz'ya (Hebrew: מזי"א) is a surname. Notable people with the surname include

Aharon Meir Mazia (1858–1930), Israeli doctor and linguist

Daniel Mazia

Edna Mazia

Vladimir Mazya, Russian-born Swedish mathematician

Daniel Mazia
Daniel Mazia (December 18, 1912 – June 9, 1996) was an American cell biologist, best known for his research that isolated the cell structures responsible for mitosis. His research was the gateway for many later discoveries about the cell cycle, cell division, and many other areas in cell biology.
Live in Maui
Live in Maui is an album by the Jimi Hendrix Experience documenting their performance outdoors on Maui, Hawaii, on July 30, 1970. It marks the first official release of Hendrix's two full sets recorded during the filming of Rainbow Bridge (1971). The two-CD and three-LP set was released on November 20, 2020, along with a video documentary titled Music, Money, Madness ... Jimi Hendrix in Maui.

Their performance on Maui was the trio's second-to-last in the U.S. during their final The Cry of Love Tour. During the first set, they played mainly songs from the Experience studio albums and Band of Gypsys. The second set mostly contains new songs Hendrix was in the process of recording for a planned fourth studio album.

Billy Cox
William Cox (born October 18, 1941) is an American bassist, best known for performing with Jimi Hendrix. Cox is the only living musician to have regularly played with Hendrix: first when both were in the Army, then in 1969 with the interim group that backed Hendrix at Woodstock (informally referred to as "Gypsy Sun and Rainbows"), followed by the trio with drummer Buddy Miles that recorded the live Band of Gypsys album, and, lastly, The Cry of Love Tour trio with Mitch Mitchell back on drums. Cox continues to perform dates with the Band of Gypsys Experience and the Experience Hendrix Tour.

In addition to Hendrix, he has either been a member of the house or touring band or recorded sessions for Sam Cooke, Slim Harpo, Joe Simon, Charlie Daniels, John McLaughlin, Rufus Thomas, Carla Thomas, Lou Rawls, Etta James, Jackie Wilson and Little Richard.
Dr Colossus
Dr. Colossus is an Australian doom metal band from Melbourne. The band mix doom metal with lyrical references to episodes of The Simpsons. In May 2021, the band released their second studio album, which debuted at number 16 on the ARIA Charts.

Doom metal
Doom metal is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal music that typically uses slower tempos, low-tuned guitars and a much "thicker" or "heavier" sound than other heavy metal genres. Both the music and the lyrics are intended to evoke a sense of despair, dread, and impending doom. The genre is strongly influenced by the early work of Black Sabbath, who formed a prototype for doom metal. During the first half of the 1980s, a number of bands such as Witchfinder General and Pagan Altar from England, American bands Pentagram, Saint Vitus, the Obsessed, Trouble, and Cirith Ungol, and Swedish band Candlemass defined doom metal as a distinct genre.
Fernando González (writer)
Fernando González Ochoa (April 24, 1895 – February 16, 1964), was a Colombian writer and existentialist philosopher known as "el filósofo de Otraparte" (The Philosopher from Elsewhere). He wrote about sociology, history, art, morality, economics, epistemology and theology in a humorous, and creative style, in various genres of literature. González is considered one of the most original writers of Colombia during the 20th century. His ideas were controversial and had a great influence in the Colombian society at his time and still today.  González work inspired Nadaism, a literary and cultural movement founded by  Gonzalo Arango and some other writers, poets and painters that surrounded him. His Otraparte house in Envigado, is today a museum and the headquarters of the cultural foundation to preserve and promote his legacy. His house was declared a National  Patrimony of Colombia in 2006.

Manizales
Manizales (Spanish pronunciation: [maniˈsales])  is a city in central Colombia. It is the capital of the Department of Caldas, and lies near the Nevado del Ruiz volcano.

Currently, the city is the main center for the production of Colombian coffee and an important hub for higher educational institutions.
Leonard Larson
Leonard Melvin Larson (November 11, 1912 – March 1977) was a farmer and political figure in Saskatchewan. He represented Pelly from 1964 to 1967 as a Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) member and from 1971 to 1977 as a New Democratic Party (NDP) member in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan.

He was born on a farm near Stornoway, Saskatchewan. Larson helped found the Kamsack Credit Union and the Kamsack Community Clinic. He also served as chairman of the local school board, as an officer of the Saskatchewan Wheat Pool and as a member of the Saskatchewan Farmers' Union. Larson ran unsuccessfully for the Yorkton seat in the Canadian House of Commons in the federal elections of 1962 and 1963. He was defeated by Jim Barrie when he ran for reelection to the Saskatchewan assembly in 1967. He died in office at the age of 64.

Yorkton (federal electoral district)
Yorkton was a federal electoral district in Saskatchewan, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1925 to 1968. This riding was created in 1924 from parts of Mackenzie and Saltcoats ridings.

It was abolished in 1966 when it was redistributed into Regina East, Regina—Lake Centre and Yorkton—Melville  ridings.
Malcolm Low
William Malcolm Low (1835 – 14 June 1923) was a British Conservative party politician. He was the member of parliament (MP) for the Grantham division of Lincolnshire from 1886 to 1892.

He was born at Lucknow, son of General Sir John Low KCB and Augusta Ludlow Shakespear, and was educated at Haileybury and Imperial Service College. His mother was the daughter of John Talbot Shakespear by his wife Amelia Thackeray, and thus a first cousin of novelist William Makepeace Thackeray. On 30 July 1872 he married Lady Ida Feilding, daughter of William Feilding, 7th Earl of Denbigh. Through their daughter Hilda, who married Sir William Mount, 1st Baronet, he is a great-great-grandfather of former British Prime Minister David Cameron. His brother was General Sir Robert Cunliffe Low GCB who was involved in the Chitral Expedition.

Grantham (UK Parliament constituency)
Grantham was a Parliamentary constituency in Lincolnshire, England.

The constituency was created in 1468 as a parliamentary borough which elected two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of England until the union with Scotland, and then to the Parliament of Great Britain until the Act of Union 1800 established the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

The parliamentary borough had its representation reduced to one MP in 1885, and was finally abolished in 1918, the name transferring to a new county division which elected one MP. The county constituency was abolished for the 1997 election, and the area formerly covered by this constituency is now mostly in Sleaford and North Hykeham. Grantham became part of the new constituency of Grantham and Stamford.

The 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies proposes to re-establish the seat in its revised proposal.
Thomas Chevers
Thomas Chevers (c. 1630 – 1664) was an Irish-born Virginia farmer, surgeon, and archivist. Born into the Anglo-Irish gentry, he was a trained surgeon, and had also filled the position of archivist at the Trinity College Dublin. He eventually fled to the American colonies—acquiring land there—at the advent of Cromwellian settlement in Ireland, a development that had ended his family's prosperity on the island.

Surry County, Virginia
Surry County is a county in the southeastern part of the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,561.

In 1652, Surry County was formed from the portion of James City County south of the James River. For more than 350 years it has depended on an agricultural economy. The county has 19 sites listed on the National Register, including a landmark occupied in 1676 known as Bacon's Castle and Chippokes Plantation (now a state park). The Jamestown Ferry provides easy access to Virginia's Historic Triangle, featuring Jamestown, Williamsburg, and Yorktown, linked by the National Park Service's Colonial Parkway.

The county is known for farming, curing Virginia Hams, and harvesting lumber, notably Virginia pine.
Moxie
Moxie is a brand of carbonated beverage that is among the first mass-produced soft drinks in the United States. It was created around 1876 by Augustin Thompson as a patent medicine called "Moxie Nerve Food" and was produced in Lowell, Massachusetts. It has been described as having "a bitter aftertaste that some say is similar to root beer." It is flavored with gentian root extract, an extremely bitter substance commonly used in herbal medicine.

Moxie was designated the official soft drink of Maine on May 10, 2005. It continues to be regionally popular today, particularly in New England states. It was previously produced by the Moxie Beverage Company of Bedford, New Hampshire, until Moxie was purchased by The Coca-Cola Company in 2018.

The name has become the word "moxie" in American English, a noun meaning energy, determination, and spunk.

Root beer
Root beer is a North American beverage traditionally made using the root bark of the sassafras tree Sassafras albidum or the sarsaparilla vine Smilax ornata (also used to make a soft drink called sarsaparilla) as the primary flavor. It started out as a type of small beer that was brewed. Today, root beer is usually a sweet, carbonated soft drink that is generally non-alcoholic and caffeine-free. It usually has a thick and foamy head.

Since safrole, a key component of sassafras, was banned by the US Food and Drug Administration in 1960 due to its carcinogenicity, most commercial root beers have been flavored using artificial sassafras flavoring, but a few (e.g. Hansen's) used a safrole-free sassafras extract. There are many major root beer producers. A common use is to add vanilla ice cream to make a root beer float.