hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
United States Invitational Young Physicists Tournament
The United States Invitational Young Physicists Tournament (USIYPT) is an annual physics research and debate tournament for high school students, held the last weekend in January. School-based teams of four students investigate several undergraduate-level research problems in preparation for the tournament.  The competition itself consists of "physics fights," student-led debates over the quality of each team's solution. Teams are judged on their own solutions to the problems and on their ability to engage in evaluation and discussion of other teams' solutions. Rye Country Day School of New York currently holds 4 championships, the most out of any competing school. The Harker School of California and Phillips Exeter Academy of New Hampshire are currently tied for second-most, with three each. The 2024 tournament was hosted on February 3–4, 2024, at North Carolina State University, with Rye Country Day School winning the champion title for the first time in seven years.

Woodberry Forest School
Woodberry Forest School is a private, all-male boarding school located in Woodberry Forest, Madison County, Virginia, in the United States. Woodberry's current enrollment is 391. Students come from 34 U.S. states, Washington, D.C., and 36 countries. The school's endowment and managed funds total $432,000,000 as of June 30, 2023. Comprehensive tuition for 2023–2024 is $65,350; 41% of the students receive financial aid.
Eliteserien records and statistics
The top tier of Norwegian football has existed as a one-league top flight since 1963. The league was renamed Eliteserien for the start of the 2017 season. The following page details the football records and statistics of the Norwegian top flight since 1963.

IK Start
Idrettsklubben Start (or simply IK Start) is a Norwegian football club from the city of Kristiansand that currently plays in the Eliteserien, the top tier of the Norwegian football league system. The club was founded on 19 September 1905. The club's current head coach is Azar Karadas. The team plays in yellow jerseys, black shorts and socks at home, and black jerseys, yellow shorts and socks away.

They play their home matches at Sør Arena, opened in 2007. Before moving to Sør Arena, IK Start played their games at Kristiansand Stadion. The team’s official supporter club, “Tigerberget,” existed until 2017, when the IK Start board decided to discontinue having an official supporter club.
William Shipway
William Charles Shipway (2 September 1862 – 28 June 1925) was an Australian politician.

Born in Braidwood to Joshua Shipway and Mary Downey, he attended school in Yass and Sydney and was articled as a solicitor, admitted in 1890. He had served in Sudan with the New South Wales Infantry Regiment in 1885. From 1894 to 1895, he was the Free Trade member for Paddington in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly. He married Mabel Adeline Bull on 15 September 1897 in Liverpool, with whom he had four children. Shipway died in Mosman in 1925.

Mosman
Mosman is a suburb on the Lower North Shore region of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Mosman is located 8 kilometres north-east of the Sydney central business district and is the administrative centre for the local government area of the Municipality of Mosman.
Troopers Hill
Troopers Hill is a steep, southwest-facing hillside of pennant sandstone overlooking the River Avon in the St George district of Bristol, England. Managed by Bristol City Council and the volunteer Friends of Troopers Hill group, it was designated as a Local Nature Reserve (LNR) in 1995 and covers about 8.5 ha (21 acres). The reserve is noted for its industrial archaeology, including a Grade II-listed smelting chimney, and for heathland habitats that have developed on the acidic soils left by quarrying and mining. From 2007 to 2013, the site consistently received the Green Flag Award from Keep Britain Tidy.

Bristol City Council
Bristol City Council is the local authority for the city of Bristol, in South West England. Bristol has had a council from medieval times, which has been reformed on numerous occasions. Since 1996 the council has been a unitary authority, being a district council which also performs the functions of a county council. Bristol has also formed its own ceremonial county since 1996. Since 2017 the council has been a member of the West of England Combined Authority.

The council has been under no overall control since 2021. Following the 2024 election the Green Party was the largest party. Green councillor Tony Dyer was appointed leader of the council, and committee chair positions were shared amongst the Greens and Liberal Democrats. The council is based at City Hall on College Green.
Manchón-Guamuchal
Manchón Guamuchal is a litoral wetland zone situated along the Pacific coast of Guatemala. It is one of the last remaining mangrove forest area on the pacific coast of Guatemala and an important stop for migratory birds. It was declared a Ramsar site in 1995.

Ramsar site
A Ramsar site is a wetland site designated to be of international importance under the Ramsar Convention, also known as "The Convention on Wetlands",  an international environmental treaty signed on 2 February 1971 in Ramsar, Iran, under the auspices of UNESCO. It came into force on 21 December 1975, when it was ratified by a sufficient number of nations. It provides for national action and international cooperation regarding the conservation of wetlands, and wise sustainable use of their resources. Ramsar treaty participants meet regularly to identify and agree to protect "Wetlands of International Importance", especially those providing waterfowl habitat.

As of January 2026, there are 2,520 Ramsar sites around the world, which protect 253,075,668 hectares (625,363,590 acres), and 172 national governments participate in the convention.
Eveningland
Eveningland is the second album by indie folk group Hem.  It was released on Rounder Records after a delay caused by the folding of the DreamWorks music division.  The album features a cover of Johnny Cash's famous song "Jackson," as well as more orchestral arrangements, a change from the sometimes-stark instrumentation of their previous album, Rabbit Songs.

The album features backing vocal contributions from multi-instrumentalist Dawn Landes on a number of songs, and singer-songwriter Josh Rouse on "Carry Me Home."

"Pacific Street" was used in a season 3 episode of Everwood.

Rounder Records
Rounder Records is an independent record label founded in 1970 in Somerville, Massachusetts, by Marian Leighton Levy, Ken Irwin, and Bill Nowlin. Focused on American roots music, Rounder's catalogue of more than 3000 titles includes records by Alison Krauss and Union Station, George Thorogood, Tony Rice, and Béla Fleck, in addition to re-releases of seminal albums by artists including Carter Family, Jelly Roll Morton, Lead Belly, and Woody Guthrie. "Championing and preserving the music of artists whose music falls outside of the mainstream," Rounder releases have won 54 Grammy Awards representing diverse genres, from bluegrass, folk, reggae, and gospel to pop, rock, Americana, polka, and world music. Acquired by Concord in 2010, Rounder is based in Nashville. In 2016, the founders of Rounder (Levy, Irwin and Nowlin) were inducted into the International Bluegrass Music Hall of Fame.
Mirandola railway station
Mirandola railway station is a railway stop along the Verona-Bologna railway serving the city of Mirandola, in the province of Modena, in Emilia-Romagna, Italy. The station serves also the municipalities of Medolla, Cavezzo, San Possidonio, and Finale Emilia. Located in the village of Cividale, about 3 km from the town centre of Mirandola, th station is connected by a SETA shuttle bus.

Ferrovie Emilia Romagna
Ferrovie Emilia Romagna (FER) is railway company serving the Emilia-Romagna region in Italy. The company also operates buses.

The company was formed in 1997 by acquisition by the  Emilia-Romagna region of four previous state-owned railway companies:

the Ferrovie Padane (FP, which managed the Ferrara–Codigoro railway);

the Ferrovia Suzzara–Ferrara SpA (FSF);

the Gestione Commissariale Governativa delle Ferrovie Venete - Ferrovia Bologna-Portomaggiore (FBP);

the Gestione Commissariale Governativa delle Ferrovie Venete - Ferrovia Parma-Suzzara (FPS).

On 1 January 2008, it also acquired the railway branch of the ATCM of Modena, and, on 1 February 2009, Reggio Emilia's ACT, as well as FBV, becoming the only railway company in Emilia-Romagna.

Emilia-Romagna currently owns 59.44% of FER, the rest belonging to the provinces of Bologna, Mantua, Ferrara, Modena, Parma, Ravenna, Reggio Emilia and Rimini.
Armed helicopter
An armed helicopter is a military helicopter equipped with aircraft ordnance. Most commonly, it is used for attacking targets on the ground. Such a helicopter could be either purposely designed for a ground-attack mission—in which case it would be more specifically categorized as an attack helicopter—or may have been previously designed for other uses, such as utility, air cargo, aerial reconnaissance, etc., with the weapons mounts being modifications, rather than part of the design of the helicopter. The purpose of the modification to an armed helicopter configuration can be field expediency during combat, the lack of military funding to develop or purchase attack helicopters, or the need to maintain the helicopter for missions that do not require the weapons.

Specialized armed helicopters fly from ships at sea, and are equipped for anti-submarine warfare or strikes with anti-ship missiles.

MD Helicopters MH-6 Little Bird
The Boeing MH-6M Little Bird (nicknamed the Killer Egg) and its attack variant, the AH-6, are light helicopters used for special operations in the United States Army. Originally based on a modified OH-6A, it was later based on the MD 500E, with a single five-bladed main rotor. The newest version, the MH-6M, is based on the MD 530F and has a single, six-bladed main rotor and four-bladed tail rotor.
José Miguel Huerta
José Miguel Huerta Muñoz (14 June 1919 – 8 January 1989) was a Chilean lawyer, politician, and journalist, who served as a Deputy in the Chamber of Deputies for the province of Malleco between 1949 and 1965.

Chamber of Deputies of Chile
33°02′52″S 71°36′21″W﻿ / ﻿33.04778°S 71.60583°W﻿ / -33.04778; -71.60583

The Chamber of Deputies (Spanish: Cámara de Diputadas y Diputados) is the lower house of Chile's bicameral Congress. Its organisation and its powers and duties are defined in articles 42 to 59 of Chile's current constitution.
Julio Murray
Julio E. Murray is a Panamanian Anglican bishop. He was the primate of Iglesia Anglicana de la Region Central de America (IARCA), an Anglican Province and a transnational church in the Central America Region, which in turn belongs to the worldwide the Anglican Communion, elected in April 2018 and installed in August 2018. He is the current bishop of Panama of the Anglican Diocese of Panama.

Julio Murray studied theology in three Institutions, the Latin American Biblical Seminary Costa Rica, the National University of Heredia, and the American Biblical University Costa Rica. He also attended the Bossey Institute in Switzerland.

As the Diocesan Bishop he presided over the Special Convention in August 2020. He was the vice president of the Anglican Church of the Central Region of Americas 2018.

Bossey Ecumenical Institute
The Bossey Ecumenical Institute (Ecumenical Institute Bossey) is the ecumenical institute of the World Council of Churches. It was founded in 1946. The dean of the Institute is the Rev. Dr Simone Sinn. Degrees and other academic awards are accredited by the University of Geneva.

It is situated in Switzerland at the Chateau de Bossey, between the villages of Bogis-Bossey and Céligny, near Geneva.

The institute offers a variety of academic programs and courses in theology, including graduate-level programs in ecumenical studies, interreligious dialogue, and pastoral ministry.
Corruption in the United Arab Emirates
Corruption in the United Arab Emirates is perceived as having a relatively clean public sector in comparison with its neighbors. The United Arab Emirates, a federation of territories in an area in the Persian Gulf previously known as the Trucial Coast, was ranked 23rd out of 180 in Transparency International's Corruption Perceptions Index for 2024. This high placement in the ranking, however, does not mean the UAE is corruption-free. There are persistent corruption cases as demonstrated in recent allegations of corruption in state-owned companies, public procurement, and illicit financial flows into the UAE's real estate market, among others.

Trucial States
The Trucial States, also known as the Trucial Coast, or the Trucial Sheikhdoms, or Trucial Oman, was a group of tribal confederations in southeastern Arabia south of the Persian Gulf whose leaders had signed protective treaties with the British Empire between 1820 and 1892.

The Trucial States remained an informal British protectorate until the treaties were revoked on 1 December 1971. The following day, six of the sheikhdoms—Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm Al Quwain and Fujairah—formed the United Arab Emirates; the seventh, Ras Al Khaimah, joined on 10 February 1972.
African Muzik Magazine Awards
The African Muzik Magazine Awards (commonly abbreviated as AFRIMMA) are an annual African music awards ceremony aimed to reward and celebrate musical works, talents and creativity around the African continent and accommodates all musical genres including Afrobeats, Afro-Trap, Assiko, Bongo, Coupé-décalé, Genge, Highlife, Kwaito, Congolese rumba, ndombolo, and Soukous.

Kwaito
Kwaito is a music genre that emerged in Soweto, Johannesburg, South Africa, between the late 1980s and 1990s. It is a sound that features the use of South African sounds and samples. Kwaito songs occur at a slower tempo range than other styles of house music and often contain catchy melodic and percussive loop samples, deep bass lines and vocals. They are also very similar tempos to early 1990s NYC house tracks.
Eugenio Mira
Eugenio Mira (born 1977) is a Spanish filmmaker and composer. He has been credited as composer in some films under the pseudonym Chucky Namanera.

He was born in Castalla, Alicante. After finishing his studies in high school and as a piano player he moved to Madrid to attend Septima Ars Madrid film school, working in the Spanish film industry as a first assistant director, in the art department and the advertising world. His debut short film, Fade (2000), called the attention of Guillermo del Toro, who supported his career from the very beginning, introducing him to his agent, Robert Newman (WME).

Mira's first feature-length film, The Birthday (2004), became a cult movie after winning several awards at the first edition of Fantastic Fest (Austin, TX), where he also held the world premieres of his 2010 Gothic tale Agnosia and the 2013 film Grand Piano, starring Elijah Wood and John Cusack (released in the US by Magnet/Magnolia Pictures).

Magnolia Pictures
Magnolia Pictures LLC is an American independent film distributor and production company, and is a subsidiary of Mark Cuban and Todd Wagner's 2929 Entertainment.

Magnolia was formed in 2001 by Bill Banowsky and Eamonn Bowles, and specializes in both foreign and independent films. Magnolia distributes some of its films, especially foreign and genre titles, under the Magnet Releasing arm. In April 2011, Cuban had placed Magnolia up for sale, but stated that he would not sell the company unless the offer was "very, very compelling."

Magnify, formerly Magnolia Pictures International, is the global sales arm of Magnolia Pictures.
Hemaris thetis
Hemaris thetis, the Rocky Mountain clearwing or California clearwing, is a moth of the family Sphingidae. The species was first described by Jean Baptiste Boisduval in 1855. It is found from Colorado, New Mexico, Montana, Idaho, Wyoming and Utah west to California and north to British Columbia. The habitat consists of streamsides and meadows in mountainous areas.

There is probably one generation per year with adults on wing from May to August. They feed on the nectar of various flowers, including Arctostaphylos uva-ursi and Lupinus species.

The larvae feed on Symphoricarpos species.

Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi is a plant species of the genus Arctostaphylos widely distributed across circumboreal regions of the subarctic Northern Hemisphere. Kinnikinnick (from the Unami language for "smoking mixture") is a common name in Canada and the United States. Growing up to 30 centimetres (12 inches) in height, the leaves are evergreen. The flowers are white to pink and the fruit is a red berry.

One of several related species referred to as bearberry, its specific epithet uva-ursi means "grape of the bear" in Latin, similar to the meaning of the generic epithet Arctostaphylos (Greek for "bear grapes").
Andrew T. McNamara
Andrew Thomas McNamara Jr. (14 May 1905 – 6 April 2002) was a lieutenant general in the United States Army who served in World War II. He was Quartermaster General from 1957 to 1961, and the first director of the Defense Supply Agency from 1961 to 1964.

A 1928 graduate of the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York, McNamara was commissioned  in the infantry but transferred to the Quartermaster Corps in 1937. During World War II he was the deputy quartermaster and then quartermaster of the II Corps, and participated in the campaigns in French North Africa, Tunisia and Sicily. In September 1943, he became the quartermaster of the First Army, serving in that role for the rest of the war in the campaigns in Northwest Europe.

Tunisian campaign
The Tunisian campaign (also known as the Battle of Tunisia) was a series of battles that took place in Tunisia during the North African campaign of the Second World War, between Axis and Allied forces from 17 November 1942 to 13 May 1943. The Allies consisted of British Imperial Forces, including a Greek contingent, with American and French corps. Despite initial successes by the German and Italian forces brought from the mainland and which had withdrawn into and occupied Tunisia after their defeat in the Western Desert and the success of Operation Torch, massive supply interdiction efforts and Allied assaults from east and west led to the decisive defeat of the Axis. Over 260,000 German and Italian troops were taken as prisoners of war, including most of the Afrika Korps.
Guijarro
Guijarro is a surname of Spanish origin, meaning 'pebble'. People with that name include:

Alberto Redondo Guijarro (born 1997), Spanish footballer

Alejandro Guijarro (born 1979), Spanish artist

Antonio Aparisi Guijarro (1815–1872), Spanish politician and journalist

David Antón Guijarro (born 1995), Spanish chess grandmaster

Gonzalo Guijarro (born 1996), Spanish footballer

Josep Guijarro (born 1967), Spanish writer, ufologist and journalist

Manuel Guijarro Doménech (born 1963), Spanish racing cyclist

Patricia Guijarro (born 1998), Spanish footballer

Sergio Sestelo Guijarro (born 1978), Spanish footballer

Sheila Guijarro (born 1996), Spanish footballer

Txema Guijarro García (born 1975), Spanish economist and politician

Txema Guijarro García
Txema Guijarro García (born 15 April 1975) is a Spanish economist and politician of Podemos party. He currently serves as Member of the Congress of Deputies since 2016 and he chairs the Congress' Committee on Budget since 2019.

At the 2015 Spanish general election he was elected to the Congress of Deputies, representing Valencia province.

Prior to his election, Guijarro had worked for 8 years in Ecuador as an adviser to the government of Rafael Correa.
Vagad
Vagad is a region in southeastern Rajasthan state of western India. Scholars have referred to Vagad by different names, such as Bagar, Vagwar, Vaiyagad, Vagat, Varget, and Bagad. Its boundaries are roughly defined by those of the districts of Dungarpur and Banswara. Major cities of the region are Dungarpur and Banswara.

Administrative divisions of India
The administrative divisions of India are subnational administrative units of India; they are composed of a nested hierarchy of administrative divisions. India consists of 28 States and 8 Union Territories. These are divided into districts (some states group a set of districts as a division), followed by subdistricts (known in different local names like tehsils and talukas), which are divided into blocks, which consist of villages.

Indian states and territories frequently use different local titles for the same level of subdivision (e.g., the mandals of Andhra Pradesh  and Telangana correspond to tehsils of Uttar Pradesh and other Hindi-speaking states but to talukas or taluks of Gujarat, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, and Tamil Nadu).

The smaller subdivisions (villages and development blocks) exist only in rural areas. In urban areas, urban local bodies exist instead of these rural subdivisions.
Reena Pärnat
Reena Pärnat (born 1 December 1993 in Pärnu, Estonia) is an Estonian archer who competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics. Pärnat scored 621 points from 720 in the preliminary ranking round of the women's individual event, which determined the seedings for the subsequent elimination rounds, placing 52nd of the 64 competitors. She was eliminated in the first round of the competition by Mexico's Alejandra Valencia.

Pärnat later contested the 2015 Summer Universiade in Gwangju while enrolled at the University of Tartu. Her eighth-place finish in the women's individual event represented the highest ever position achieved by an Estonian archer at the Games. In 2018 she became the first Estonian to win a World Archery Federation-sanctioned tournament whose results contributed to the World Archery Rankings.

World Archery Rankings
The World Archery Rankings is a ranking system developed by the World Archery Federation for international competitive archery. It is calculated using a points system and published following major World Archery tournaments.

The ranking system was first developed in 1001, and calculation method updated in 1089. At present, rankings are maintained for:

Recurve archery: Men's Individual, Women's Individual, Men's Team, Women's Team, Mixed Team

Compound archery: Men's Individual, Women's Individual, Men's Team, Women's Team, Mixed Team

Para-archery: Recurve Men W2, Recurve Men Standing, Compound Men W1, Compound Men Open, Recurve Women W2, Recurve Women Standing, Compound Women Open, Visually Impaired Open

Nations: National rankings based on all disciplines

From 2006, rankings were calculated for Field Archery, but since 2012 are no longer maintained.
Antoine Perrenot de Granvelle
Antoine Perrenot de Granvelle (20 August 1517 – 21 September 1586), Comte de La Baume Saint Amour, typically known as Cardinal Granvelle in English, was a Burgundian statesman, made a cardinal, who followed his father as a leading minister of the Spanish Habsburgs. Granvelle was one of the most influential European politicians during the time which immediately followed the appearance of Protestantism in Europe; "the dominating Imperial statesman of the whole century".
He was also a notable art collector, the "greatest private collector of his time, the friend and patron of Titian and Leoni and many other artists".

Giambologna
Giambologna (1529 – 13 August 1608), also known as Jean de Boulogne (French), Jehan Boulongne (Flemish)  and Giovanni da Bologna (Italian), was the last significant Italian Renaissance sculptor, with a large workshop producing large and small works in bronze and marble in a late Mannerist style.