hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Science China (journal)
Science China (simplified Chinese: 中国科学; traditional Chinese: 中國科學; pinyin: Zhōngguó Kēxué), also known as "Science in China " or "Scientia Sinica" in Latin, is an academic journal jointly sponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China. Founded in 1950 as a quarterly in Chinese, the journal has developed into a series of monthly peer-reviewed journals in Chinese and English languages, covering the major disciplines in natural sciences and engineering. It is published by the Science China Press in cooperation with Springer Nature, and indexed in SCI and Scopus. Science China has published many important scientific research results from China, such as the artificial synthesis of crystalline bovine insulin by the Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry, and Chen Jingrun's research on Goldbach's conjecture. However, since the 1990s, Science China has faced a shortage of high-quality manuscripts.

Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences
The Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences were research institutes of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Shanghai established on July 3, 1999. The organization was shut down in April 2020. When it was created, it was one of four basic science research institutions of China. The organization assimilated the Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry, Shanghai Institute of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai Institute of Physiology, Shanghai Brain Research Institute, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology, Shanghai Institute of Entomology, Shanghai Bioengineering Research Center, Shanghai Research Center of Life Science, and the State Research Center of Genes. Its last director was biochemist Li Lin, who assumed the role in 2013.
Clux-Villeneuve
Clux-Villeneuve (French pronunciation: [kly vilnœv]) is a commune in the Saône-et-Loire department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France. It is the result of the merger, on 1 January 2015, of the communes of Clux and La Villeneuve.

Saône-et-Loire
Saône-et-Loire (French pronunciation: [sonelwaʁ]; Arpitan: Sona-et-Lêre) is a department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in France. It is named after the rivers Saône and Loire, between which it lies, in the country's central-eastern part.

Saône-et-Loire is Bourgogne-Franche-Comté's most populous department with a population of 551,493 as of 2019. It is also its southernmost department, as it is situated on the regional border with Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes. Saône-et-Loire's prefecture is Mâcon, with subprefectures in Autun, Chalon-sur-Saône, Charolles and Louhans. Its INSEE and postcode number is 71.
Mr. Devil
Mr. Devil or Mr Devil could refer to:

Ken Daneyko (born 1964), Ukrainian-Canadian hockey player nicknamed "Mr. Devil"

Mr. Devil, the nickname for A. O. Neville in the 2002 Australian drama film Rabbit-Proof Fence

Mr. Devil, a mountain wolf in the fictional African country of Bangalla in The Phantom

"Mr Devil", a song on the 2008 album The Majority

Bangalla
Bangalla (/bənˈɡælə, -ˈɡɑːl-/), also known as Bengalla (in the 1996 movie adaptation), Bengal or Bengali, is a fictional African country from Lee Falk's comic strip The Phantom. Bangalla is the home of the Phantom, who resides in the Deep Woods of the jungle in the fabled Skull Cave. Until the 1960s, the country was portrayed as being in Asia, near India. In the 1996 film, Bengalla is located in Asia instead of Africa. In the 2009 miniseries, Bangalla is a fictional small island nation located in the Malay Archipelago.
Qian Liu
Qian Liu (10 March 852 – 6 May 932), courtesy name Jumei, childhood name Poliu, also known by his temple name as the King Taizu of Wuyue (吳越太祖), was the founding king of Wuyue during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period of China. He was originally a warlord of the late Tang dynasty.

Chinese sovereign
The Chinese sovereign was the ruler of a particular monarchical regime in the historical periods of ancient China and imperial China. Sovereigns ruling the same regime, and descended from the same paternal line, constituted a dynasty. Several titles and naming schemes have been used throughout Chinese history.
Europe's Biggest Dance Show 2024
Europe's Biggest Dance Show 2024 is the seventh iteration of Europe's Biggest Dance Show, a multi-nation dance music simulcast hosted by BBC Radio 1, in collaboration with ten radio stations across Europe: 1LIVE, FM4, Fritz, NRK mP3, Raadio 2, Radio Promin, RTÉ Pulse, Studio Brussel, SR P3 and YleX.

NRK P3
NRK P3 is a nationwide digital radio channel operated by the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation (NRK). It was established as NRK's third radio channel in 1993 and was the result of the NRK radio channel reform initiated in 1992 by radio director Tor Fuglevik.

All NRK's radio stations are gradually digitized during 2017 and transmitted via DAB+ and internet only.
Kat Germain
Kat Germain is a Canadian actress and writer born in Toronto, Ontario. She graduated with a Bachelor of Arts (Theatre) from Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia. She also holds a Bachelor of Education degree from York University.

Wolfville
Wolfville is a Canadian town in the Annapolis Valley, Kings County, Nova Scotia, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) northwest of the provincial capital, Halifax. The town is home to Acadia University and Landmark East School.

The town is a tourist destination due to its views of Cape Blomidon, the Bay of Fundy and Gaspereau Valley, as well as its wine industry. The downtown portion of Wolfville is home to pubs, bars, cafes and shops. Wolfville is also home to the Acadia Cinema Cooperative, a non-profit organization that runs the local movie/performance house. In the past few years, several Victorian houses in Wolfville have been converted to bed and breakfast establishments.
John Allen Gable
John Allen Gable (1943, Rockford - February 18, 2005, Glen Cove) was an American historian who specialized in Theodore Roosevelt. Executive director of the Theodore Roosevelt Association from 1974 until his death in 2005, Gable was described as a "walking Theodore Roosevelt encyclopedia" by Bill Bleyer of Newsday. Marcelle Fischer of the New York Times wrote in 2006 that Gable was "widely considered to be the country's, if not the world's, foremost expert on Roosevelt."

Kenyon College
Kenyon College (/ˈkɛnjən/ KEN-yən) is a private liberal arts college in Gambier, Ohio, United States. It was founded in 1824 by Episcopal Bishop Philander Chase. It is the oldest private institution of higher education in the state of Ohio and enrolls approximately 1,800 undergraduate students. Students can choose from over 50 majors, minors, and concentrations, including self-designed majors.

The college is located on a hill overlooking the Kokosing River and neighbors Mount Vernon, Ohio. Its 1,000-acre (400 ha) campus is set in rural surroundings that host seven ecosystems. There are more than 120 student clubs and organizations. Kenyon athletes are called Owls and compete in the NCAA Division III North Coast Athletic Conference. Kenyon College is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.
Jean K. Chalaby
Jean K. Chalaby is a sociologist who specializes in global media, transnational television (including channels and formats), comparative media studies, and media history. Since the year 2000 Chalaby has been working as a researcher and senior lecturer in the Department of Sociology at City University in London.

Media studies
Media studies is a discipline and field of study that deals with the content, history, and effects of various media; in particular, the mass media. Media studies may draw on traditions from both the social sciences and the humanities, but it mostly draws from its core disciplines of mass communication, communication, communication sciences, and communication studies.

Researchers may also develop and employ theories and methods from disciplines including cultural studies, rhetoric (including digital rhetoric), philosophy, literary theory, psychology, political science, political economy, economics, sociology, anthropology, social theory, art history and criticism, film theory, and information theory.
Arylakh, Kobyaysky District, Sakha Republic
Arylakh (Russian: Арылах; Yakut: Арыылаах, Arıılaax) is a rural locality (a selo) in Luchcheginsky 1-y Rural Okrug of Kobyaysky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located 300 kilometers (190 mi) from Sangar, the administrative center of the district and 15 kilometers (9.3 mi) from Bagadya, the administrative center of the rural okrug. Its population as of the 2002 Census was 91.

Yakut language
The Yakut language (/jəˈkuːt/ yə-KOOT), also known as the Sakha language (/səˈxɑː/ sə-KHAH) or Yakutian, is a Siberian Turkic language spoken by around 450,000 native speakers—primarily by ethnic Yakuts. It is one of the official languages of the Sakha Republic, a republic in the Russian Federation.

The Yakut language has a large number of loanwords of Mongolic origin, a layer of vocabulary of unclear origin, as well as numerous recent borrowings from Russian. Like other Turkic languages, Yakut is an agglutinative language and features vowel harmony.
Cyber Security Collaborative Research Alliance
Cyber Security Collaborative Research Alliance (CSCRA) was a research program initiated and sponsored by the US Army Research Laboratory (ARL). The objective of the program was "to develop a fundamental understanding of cyber phenomena, including aspects of human attackers, cyber defenders, and end users, so that fundamental laws, theories, and theoretically grounded and empirically validated models can be applied to a broad range of Army domains, applications, and environments."

Collaborative Technology and Research Alliances is a term for partnerships between Army laboratories and centers, private industry and academia for performing research and technology development intended to benefit the US Army. The partnerships are funded by the US Army.

End user
In product development, an end user is a person who ultimately uses or is intended to ultimately use a product. The end user stands in contrast to users who support or maintain the product, such as sysops, system administrators, database administrators, information technology (IT) experts, software professionals, and computer technicians. End users typically do not possess the technical understanding or skill of the product designers, a fact easily overlooked and forgotten by designers: leading to features creating low customer satisfaction. In information technology, end users are not customers in the usual sense—they are typically employees of the customer. For example, if a large retail corporation buys a software package for its employees to use, even though the large retail corporation was the customer that purchased the software, the end users are the employees of the company, who will use the software at work.
Yoel Baal Shem
Yoel Baal Shem (Hebrew: ר' יואל בעל שם הראשון) was an Orthodox Jewish scholar of Halacha and Kabbalah who lived in Zamość during the 17th century. He became renowned as a Baal Shem (lit. '"Master of [Divine] Names"') for performing miracles, commanding demons  and authoring Kabalistic amulets.

Zamość
Zamość (Polish: [ˈzamɔɕt͡ɕ] ⓘ; Yiddish: זאמאשטש, romanized: Zamoshtsh; Latin: Zamoscia) is a historical city in southeastern Poland. It is situated in the southern part of Lublin Voivodeship, about 90 km (56 mi) from Lublin, 247 km (153 mi) from Warsaw. In 2021, the population of Zamość was 62,021.

Zamość was founded in 1580 by Jan Zamoyski, Grand Chancellor of Poland, who envisioned an ideal city. The historical centre of Zamość was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1992, following a decision of the sixteenth ordinary session of the World Heritage Committee, held between 7 and 14 December 1992 in Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States; it was recognized for being "a unique example of a Renaissance town in Central Europe".

Zamość is about 20 kilometres (12 miles) from the Roztocze National Park.
Lester Chambers
Lester Chambers (born April 13, 1940) is an American recording artist, and former member and lead singer of the 1960s soul rock group The Chambers Brothers, who had the hit single, "Time Has Come Today".

I Can't Turn You Loose
"I Can't Turn You Loose" is a song written and first recorded by American soul singer Otis Redding. It was released as the B-side to his 1965 single "Just One More Day". The up-tempo song became a bigger hit on the US R&B chart than its A-side and was one of Redding's signature songs and often appeared in his live performances.

Parts of the melody were used by the Blues Brothers to both open and close their shows, including their performances in the Blues Brothers movie and their performance on Saturday Night Live.
Scholes Birch
Scholes Butler Birch (30 July 1826 – 13 April 1910) was an English first-class cricketer and medical doctor.

The son of the first-class cricketer Lea Birch, he was born at Failsworth, Lancashire and studied medicine at the University of St Andrews School of Medicine. He made his debut in first-class cricket for Manchester against Yorkshire at Manchester. He played in first-class matches for Manchester on six occasions between 1845 and 1852, including on three occasions when the matches were billed as Lancashire v Yorkshire in 1849 and 1851. Across six first-class matches, Birch scored 84 runs at an average of 7.00, with a high score of 33. He was one of the earliest members of the Free Foresters Cricket Club. He died in April 1910 at Cheshunt, Hertfordshire.

Moss Lane Cricket Ground
Moss Lane Cricket Ground was a cricket ground in Moss Side, Manchester, Lancashire. The first recorded match on the ground was in 1864, when Manchester Cricket Club played Sheffield Cricket Club.

In 1844, the ground held its inaugural first-class match when Manchester played Sheffield Cricket Club who were called Yorkshire on that occasion. From 1844 to 1846, the ground played host to four first-class matches, the last of which saw Manchester play Sheffield.

The final recorded match on the ground came in 1847 when Manchester Slow Bowlers played Manchester Fast Bowlers. The ground was later developed, with St Mary's Church covering the site today.
Bishop of Ossory
Christianity portal

The Bishop of Ossory (Irish: Easpag Osraí) is an episcopal title which takes its name after the ancient of Kingdom of Ossory in the Province of Leinster, Ireland. In the Catholic Church it remains a separate title, but in the Church of Ireland belonging to the Anglican Communion it has been united with other bishoprics.

Episcopal polity
An episcopal polity, also known as episcopalianism, is a hierarchical form of church governance in which the chief local authorities are called bishops. The word "bishop" here is derived via the British Latin and Vulgar Latin term *ebiscopus/*biscopus, from Ancient Greek  ἐπίσκοπος (epískopos) 'overseer'. It is the structure used by many of the major Christian Churches and denominations, such as the Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Church of the East, Anabaptist, Lutheran, and Anglican churches or denominations, and other churches founded independently from these lineages. Many Methodist denominations have a form of episcopal polity known as connexionalism.
Waldviertel
The Waldviertel (Austrian German: [ˈvaldˌfɪrtl̩] ⓘ; lit. 'Forest Quarter'; Central Bavarian: Woidviadl; Czech: Lesní čtvrť) is the northwestern region of the Austrian state of Lower Austria. It is bounded to the south by the river Danube, to the southwest by Upper Austria, to the northwest and to the north by the Czech Republic and to the east by the Manhartsberg (537 m, 1,762 ft), which is the survey point dividing the Waldviertel from the Weinviertel region. Geologically it is part of the Bohemian Massif. In the south are the Wachau and Kamptal wine regions.

Central Bavarian
Central or Middle Bavarian form a subgroup of Bavarian dialects in large parts of Austria and the Free State of Bavaria along the Danube river, on the northern side of the Eastern Alps. They are spoken in the 'Old Bavarian' regions of Upper Bavaria (with Munich), Lower Bavaria and in the adjacent parts of the Upper Palatinate region around Regensburg, in Upper and Lower Austria, in Vienna (see Viennese German), in the state of Salzburg, as well as in the northern and eastern parts of Styria and Burgenland. Before 1945 and the expulsions of the Germans, it was also spoken in Hungary and southern Bohemia and Moravia.
It also influenced Austrian German.
Po Klong Garai Temple
Po Klong Garai Temple is a Hindu Cham religious complex located in the Cham principality of Panduranga, in what is now Phan Rang in southern Vietnam.  It was built in honor of the legendary king Po Klaung Garai, who ruled Panduranga from 1151 to 1205, by the historic King Jaya Sinhavarman III,: 217

Phan Rang–Tháp Chàm
Phan Rang–Tháp Chàm, commonly known as Phan Rang, is a former city in Vietnam and the capital of Ninh Thuận Province. The community has a population of 207,998 (2023), of which 196,459 (2023) live in the main city.
Ana Barbachan
Ana Luiza Busato Barbachan (born 15 August 1989 in Porto Alegre) is a Brazilian sports sailor. She was chosen by Olympic medalist Fernanda Oliveira to be her new partner in the 470 class after Oliveira's 2009 split with Isabel Swan. Barbachan has since competed with Oliveira at three Olympic Games, London 2012 (finishing 6th), Rio 2016 (finishing 8th). and Tokyo 2020 (9th).

Sailing at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's 470
The Women's 470 was a sailing event on the Sailing at the 2016 Summer Olympics program in Rio de Janeiro, in the 470 dinghy. It took place between 10 and 17 August at Marina da Glória. 11 races (the last one a medal race) were held.

The medals were presented by Barry Maister, IOC member, New Zealand and Sarah Webb Gosling, Vice President of World Sailing.
Euchromia lethe
Euchromia lethe is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1775. It is found in Angola, Cameroon, the Republic of the Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Madagascar, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Africa, São Tomé and Principe, the Gambia, Ghana and Uganda.

The larvae feed on Ipomoea batatas.

Johan Christian Fabricius
Johann Christian Fabricius (7 January 1745 – 3 March 1808) was a Danish zoologist, specialising in the "Insecta", which at that time included all arthropods: insects, arachnids, crustaceans and others. He was a student of Carl Linnaeus, and is considered one of the most important entomologists of the 18th century, having named nearly 10,000 species of animals, and established the basis for the modern insect classification.
Leon Žitnik
Leon Žitnik is a retired Yugoslav slalom canoeist who competed from the late 1950s to the mid-1960s. He won a silver medal in the C-2 team event with his brother Franc at the 1965 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships in Spittal.

1965 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships
The 1965 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships were held in Spittal an der Drau, Austria under the auspices of International Canoe Federation for the second time in a row after hosting the event previously in 1963. It was the 9th edition. It also marked some changes in which the folding kayak events were replaced by standard kayaks for the men's and women's events. Additionally, the mixed C2 team event returned for the first time since 1957.
When She Starts, Look Out (1926 film)
When She Starts, Look Out (German: Wehe wenn sie losgelassen) is a 1926 German silent comedy film directed by Carl Froelich and starring Henny Porten, Bruno Kastner, and Curt Bois. It was shot at the EFA Studios in Berlin. The film's sets were designed by Franz Schroedter. It premiered the UFA-Palast am Zoo.

Henny Porten
Frieda Ulricke "Henny" Porten (7 January 1890 – 15 October 1960) was a German actress and film producer of the silent era, and Germany's first major film star. She appeared in more than 170 films between 1906 and 1955.
Henry II (play)
Henry The Second, King Of England; With The Death Of Rosamond is a 1692 historical play often attributed to William Mountfort but possibly written by John Bancroft. It was first staged at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane by the United Company. The prologue and epilogue were written by John Dryden. Some incidental music was composed by Henry Purcell.

The play portrays the reign of Henry II of England, and his relationship with his wife Eleanor of Aquitaine and mistress Rosamund Clifford.

The original Drury Lane cast included Thomas Betterton as King Henry the Second, Anthony Leigh as  Vaughan, Samuel Sandford as Abbot, Edward Kynaston as Verulam, John Hodgson as Sussex, Thomas Doggett as Bertrard, Elizabeth Barry as Queen Eleanor, Anne Bracegirdle as  Rosamond and Mary Kent as Rosamond's Woman.

Anne Bracegirdle
Anne Bracegirdle (possibly 1671 – 12 September 1748) was an English actress and soprano. Most of the plays she performed in involved singing as well as acting. She often performed music written for her by the composer John Eccles, and also sung music written for her by Henry Purcell. She became particularly well known for the song "I burn" which Eccles originally wrote for Bracegirdle to perform in Thomas D'Urfey's play The Comical History of Don Quixote (1694). She also sang music by Eccles in the play The Richmond Heiress (1693) and in William Congreve opera The Judgment of Paris (1701, as Venus). In 1706 she starred in Giuseppe Fedeli's opera The Temple of Love.
Digital differential analyzer (graphics algorithm)
In computer graphics, a digital differential analyzer (DDA) is hardware or software used for interpolation of variables over an interval between start and end point. DDAs are used for rasterization of lines, triangles and polygons. They can be extended to non linear functions, such as perspective correct texture mapping, quadratic curves, and traversing voxels.

In its simplest implementation for linear cases such as lines, the DDA algorithm interpolates values in interval  by computing for each xi the equations xi =  xi−1 + 1, yi =  yi−1 + m, where m is the slope of the line.  This slope can be expressed in DDA as follows:

In fact any two consecutive points lying on this line segment should satisfy the equation.

Texture mapping
Texture mapping is a term used in computer graphics to describe how 2D images are projected onto 3D models. The most common variant is the UV unwrap, which can be described as an inverse paper cutout, where the surfaces of a 3D model are cut apart so that it can be unfolded into a 2D coordinate space (UV space).
Central subgroup
In mathematics, in the field of group theory, a subgroup of a group is termed central if it lies inside the center of the group.

Given a group , the center of , denoted as , is defined as the set of those elements of the group which commute with every element of the group. The center is a characteristic subgroup. A subgroup  of  is termed central if .

Central subgroups have the following properties:

They are abelian groups (because, in particular, all elements of the center must commute with each other).

They are normal subgroups. They are central factors, and are hence transitively normal subgroups.

Set (mathematics)
In mathematics, a set is a collection of different things; the things are called elements or members of the set and are typically mathematical objects: numbers, symbols, points in space, lines, geometric shapes, variables, or other sets.  A set may be finite or infinite. There is a unique set with no elements, called the empty set; a set with a single element is a singleton.

Mathematics typically does not define precisely what constitutes a "set" or "collection", because such a definition would have to be in terms of something else previously defined.  Instead, sets serve as foundational objects whose behavior is described by axioms modeled on intuition about collections, and then essentially all other mathematical objects are rigorously defined in terms of sets.

Set theory studies possible axiom systems and their consequences.
Since the first half of the 20th century, ZFC (Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory with the axiom of choice) has been the axiom system most commonly used.