hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nagano Line (Kintetsu)
The Nagano Line (長野線, Kintetsu Nagano-sen) is a railway line of Japanese private railway company Kintetsu Railway. It branches off Minami-Osaka Line at Furuichi in southern suburbs of Osaka. The line connects cities of Habikino, Tondabayashi and Kawachi-Nagano in Osaka Prefecture, terminates at Kawachinagano with connection to Nankai Electric Railway Kōya Line.

Habikino
Habikino (羽曳野市, Habikino-shi) is a city located in Osaka Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 January 2022, the city had an estimated population of 109,479 in 50918 households and a population density of 4100 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 26.45 square kilometres (10.21 sq mi). The city is known for its grapes, and also for its large number of ancient kofun burial mounds. The city is also sometimes referred to by its former name Minami-Osaka (南大阪).
Wilhelm Kattwinkel
William Kattwinkel (27 March 1866, in Kierspe – 21 January 1935, in Partenkirchen) was a German neurologist and paleontologist. He was particularly known for the discovery of the fossil deposit in the Olduvai Gorge, which in the following years delivered many findings of hominins.

Garmisch-Partenkirchen
Garmisch-Partenkirchen (German pronunciation: [ˈɡaʁmɪʃ paʁtn̩ˈkɪʁçn̩] ⓘ; Bavarian: Garmasch-Partakurch) is an Alpine ski town in Bavaria, southern Germany. It is the seat of government of the district of Garmisch-Partenkirchen (abbreviated GAP), in the Oberbayern region, which borders Austria. Nearby is Germany's highest mountain, Zugspitze, at 2,962 metres (9,718 ft) above sea level.

The town is known as the site of the 1936 Winter Olympic Games, the first to include alpine skiing, and hosts a variety of winter sports competitions.
Edward Lasker
Edward Lasker (born Eduard Lasker) (December 3, 1885 – March 25, 1981) was a German-American chess and Go player.  He was awarded the title of International Master of chess by FIDE.  Lasker was an engineer by profession, and an author of books on Go, chess and checkers.  Born in Prussia, he emigrated to the United States in 1914.  He was distantly related to World Chess Champion Emanuel Lasker with whom he is sometimes confused.

Chess annotation symbols
When annotating chess games, commentators frequently use widely recognized annotation symbols. Question marks and exclamation points that denote a move as bad or good are ubiquitous in chess literature. Some publications intended for an international audience, such as the Chess Informant, have a wide range of additional symbols that transcend language barriers.

The common symbols for evaluating the merits of a move are "??", "?", "?!", "!?", "!", and "!!". The chosen symbol is appended to the text describing the move (e.g. Re7? or Kh1!?); see Algebraic chess notation.

Use of these annotation symbols is subjective, as different annotators use the same symbols differently or for a different reason.
Arctosa cinerea
Arctosa cinerea is one of the most conspicuous wolf spider of central Europe, with a palearctic distribution and also found in Congo.  The spider reaches a length of 17 mm (males only 14 mm), and occurs only on sandy beaches of rivers, lakes and oceans. Its grey-brown color makes for a good camouflage, and so it is not often seen, even if it wanders around during daylight. They dig holes in the ground, which they cover with silk, or hide under rocks.

Wolf spider
Wolf spiders are members of the family Lycosidae (from Ancient Greek  λύκος (lúkos) 'wolf'), named for their robust and agile hunting skills and excellent eyesight.

They live mostly in solitude, hunt alone, and usually do not spin webs. Some are opportunistic hunters, pouncing upon prey as they find it or chasing it over short distances; others wait for passing prey in or near the mouth of a burrow.

Wolf spiders resemble nursery web spiders (family Pisauridae), but wolf spiders carry their egg sacs by attaching them to their spinnerets, while the Pisauridae carry their egg sacs with their chelicerae and pedipalps.

Two of the wolf spider's eight eyes are large and prominent; this distinguishes them from nursery web spiders, whose eyes are all of roughly equal size. This can also help distinguish them from the similar-looking grass spiders.
Heckfield Place
The heart of Heckfield Place, a country estate of 438 acres, is a Georgian Grade II listed manor house, in Hampshire, United Kingdom. It was built between 1763 and 1766 for Jane Hawley (1744–1815), it was enlarged by the Shaw Lefevre family, who lived in the estate from 1786 to 1895. In the 20th century, it was owned by the family of Col Horace Walpole before being sold to Racal Electronics plc. and converted to a conference and training centre in 1981–1982.

An additional wing was added to the north of the manor house, extending into the walled garden. From 2000 to 2002, Heckfield Place was run as a corporate training centre by the Thales Group. The building underwent major refurbishment from 2009 until 2018, when it opened as a luxury country house hotel and wonThe Sunday Times’ Hotel of the Year Award.

Thales Group
Thales S.A., trading as Thales Group (French pronunciation: [talɛs]), is a French multinational aerospace and defence corporation specialising in electronics.

It designs, develops and manufactures a wide variety of aerospace and military systems, devices and equipment but also operates in the cybersecurity and formerly civil ground transportation sectors. The company is headquartered in Paris' business district, La Défense, and its stock is listed on Euronext Paris.

Founded as Thomson-CSF in 1968, the group was rebranded Thales in 2000 due to the company's desire to simplify and improve the group's brand.

Thales is partially owned by the French state and operates in more than 68 countries. In 2023, the company generated €18,42 billion in revenue and was the 17th largest defence contractor in the world, with 53% of its total revenue generated from its military activities.
SMS Wolf
Several warships of the German Kaiserliche Marine (Imperial Navy) have been named SMS Wolf:

SMS Wolf (1860), a gunboat of the Jäger class

SMS Wolf (1878), a gunboat of the Wolf class

SMS Wolf (1906), an auxiliary cruiser

SMS Wolf (1916), an auxiliary cruiser

SMS Wolf (1860)
SMS Wolf was a steam gunboat of the Jäger class built for the Prussian Navy in the late 1850s and early 1860s. The ship was ordered as part of a program to strengthen Prussia's coastal defense forces, then oriented against neighboring Denmark. She was armed with a battery of three guns. The ship saw very little activity during her career. She was activated during the three wars of German unification: the Second Schleswig War against Denmark in 1864. the Austro-Prussian War in 1866, and the Franco-Prussian War in 1870. She participated in a minor skirmish against Danish forces in the first conflict, and then took part in operations against the Kingdom of Hanover during the Austro-Prussian War. She saw no action during the war with France. Wolf remained in service until mid-1873; she was struck from the naval register in 1875, used as a storage hulk for nearly a decade, before being sunk as a target ship for torpedo tests in 1884. The wreck was then raised and scrapped.
Jan-Gunnar Isberg
Brigadier General Jan-Gunnar Isberg (7 April 1947 – 14 December 2022) was a Swedish Army officer. Isberg has served extensively abroad, in Cyprus, Lebanon, Yugoslavia, Macedonia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Afghanistan and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. His senior commands include commanding officer of the Norrbotten Engineer Corps and the Haparanda Border Regiment, deputy force commander of MONUC and brigade commander of the Ituri Brigade and the Kivu Brigade. Isberg is one of only two Swedish officers (the other being Colonel Jonas Wærn) who have served as brigade commanders in combat under the auspices of the United Nations.

Ituri Province
Ituri Province (French: Province de l'Ituri; Swahili: Jimbo la Ituri) is one of the 26 provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo created in the 2015 repartitioning. Ituri, Bas-Uele, Haut-Uele, and Tshopo provinces are the result of the subdividing of the former Orientale province. Ituri was formed from the Ituri district whose town of Bunia was elevated to capital city of the new province.
Our Very Own (1950 film)
Our Very Own is a 1950 American drama film directed by David Miller and starring Ann Blyth, Farley Granger and Jane Wyatt. The screenplay written by F. Hugh Herbert focuses on a teenage girl who learns that she was adopted as an infant.

David Miller (director)
David Miller (November 28, 1909 – April 14, 1992) was an American film director who directed varied films such as Billy the Kid (1941) with Robert Taylor and Brian Donlevy, Flying Tigers (1943) with John Wayne, and Love Happy (1949) with the Marx Brothers.

Emanuel Levy wrote in 2009 that Lonely are the Brave (1962), starring Kirk Douglas, "is the most accomplished film of David Miller, who directs with eloquent feeling for landscape and attention to character." Others feel that Miller's best is his 1952 noir thriller and Joan Crawford vehicle Sudden Fear co-starring Jack Palance and Gloria Grahame. Sudden Fear was nominated for four Academy Awards for Best Actress (Crawford), Best Actor (Palance), Best Costume Design and Best Cinematography by Charles Lang but was a box office failure.
Problem Patterns
Problem Patterns are a Northern Irish punk rock band formed in Belfast in 2018 by Beverley Boal, Bethany Crooks, Alanah Smith, and Ciara King. They all share vocals, rather than having a designated frontperson, and switch instruments when performing live. The band is outspokenly feminist. Their lyrics cover topics such as femicide, homophobia, the state of the healthcare system, and sexism in the music industry.

They released their debut album Blouse Club in 2023 on independent label Alcopop! Records. It won Album of the Year at the 2024 Northern Ireland Music Prize. They have performed at Glastonbury Festival, Stendhal Festival, 2000trees and Truck Festival.

Stendhal Festival
Stendhal Festival, originally formed in 2008 by Ross Parkhill & John Cartwright, to showcase local music across 3 days in Limavady, Northern Ireland. Bands such as And So I Watch You From Afar, Overhead, The Albatross have played.

The festival reformed as Stendhal Festival of Art in 2011  by the founders Ross Parkhill, John Cartwright and Colm O'Donnell, as a platform for local artists to perform alongside acts such as Turin Brakes at Ballymully Cottage Farm in Limavady. The festival was named after Stendhal syndrome.

Attendance numbers of the festival have increased year on year, with the festival winning Best Small Festival in 2013–2015, Best Family Friendly Festival 2014 in Ireland and nominated  for the UK Festival Awards in 2016. The festival is built  and run by volunteers from the local area.

Now in its 15th year it continues to showcase Irish artists and grass roots musicians alongside global acts.
Portrait of Sir Richard Southwell
The Portrait of Sir Richard Southwell  is a painting by the German Renaissance master Hans Holbein the Younger, executed around 1536–1537. It is housed in the Uffizi, Florence.

The painting was required by Grand Duke Cosimo II de' Medici in 1620 to Thomas Howard, Duke of Arundel, to fill a gap in the family collections. It arrived in Florence  in April 1621, when Cosimo had already died. It belongs to Holbein's mature career, and a preparatory drawing of the painting (with the inscription "Southwell Knight") exists in the Royal Collections of the Windsor Castle. The Louvre houses  a copy brought to Paris during the Napoleonic Wars.

Cosimo II de' Medici
Cosimo II de' Medici (12 May 1590 – 28 February 1621) was Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1609 until his death. He was the elder son of Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, and Christina of Lorraine.

For the majority of his 12-year reign, he delegated the administration of Tuscany to his ministers. He is best remembered as the patron of Galileo Galilei, his childhood tutor.
Administration of Ernakulam district
Ernakulam District in Kerala, India, has four types of administrative hierarchies.

Taluk and Village administration managed by the provincial government of Kerala

Panchayath Administration managed by the local bodies

Parliament Constituencies for the federal government of India

Assembly Constituencies for the provincial government of Kerala

Kunnathunad
Kunnathunadu (കുന്നത്തുനാട് ഗ്രാമപഞ്ചായത്ത്) is a Grama Panchayat located in Kunnathunadu Taluk of Ernakulam district in the Indian state of Kerala.

It falls under the administrative jurisdiction of the Vadavukode Block Panchayat and lies within the Kunnathunadu revenue villages. The Grama Panchayat covers an area of 18.57 square kilometres.

The headquarters of the Panchayat is located at Pallikkara Kumarapuram Junction. Major localities within the Panchayat include Pallikkara, Pattimattom, and Peringala.
Hamano
Hamano (written: 浜野 or 濱野) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Eiji Hamano (浜野 栄次, 1923–1992), Japanese photographer

Harumitsu Hamano (浜野 治光, born 1957), Japanese golfer

Junio Hamano, Japanese software developer

Kazco Hamano (born 1970), Japanese singer

Kenta Hamano (浜野 謙太, born 1981), Japanese musician, composer and actor

Sachi Hamano (浜野 佐知, born 1948), Japanese film director

Yuji Hamano (濱野 裕二, born 1980), Japanese archer

Yuki Hamano (濵野 勇気, born 1978), Japanese football player

Sachi Hamano
Sachi Hamano (浜野佐知, Hamano Sachi) a.k.a. Sachiko Hamano (浜野佐知子, Hamano Sachiko) and Chise Matoba (的場ちせ, Matoba Chise) (born March 19, 1948), is a Japanese film director. She is the most prolific and written-about female pink film director.
Pelly River
The Pelly River (Ts'ekínyäk Chú) is a river in Canada, and is a headstream of the Yukon River. The river originates west of the Mackenzie Mountains and flows 530 km (330 mi) through south-central Yukon. The Pelly has two main tributaries, the Ross and Macmillan rivers.

The Selkirk First Nation (Hucha Hudan people) name for the river is Ts'enkínyäk Chú, meaning 'water running between the mountains'. The river was later named by Robert Campbell in honour of Sir John Henry Pelly, governor of the Hudson's Bay Company. The restored Hudson's Bay Company trading post of Fort Selkirk is at the juncture of the Pelly and Yukon Rivers.

Mackenzie Mountains
The Mackenzie Mountains are a Canadian mountain range forming part of the Yukon–Northwest Territories boundary between the Liard and Peel rivers. The range is named in honour of Canada's second prime minister, Alexander Mackenzie. Nahanni National Park Reserve and Nááts'ihch'oh National Park Reserve are in the Mackenzie Mountains.

The mining town of Tungsten, site of the Cantung Mine, is in the Mackenzie Mountains. Only two roads lead into the Mackenzie Mountains, both in Yukon: the Nahanni Range Road leading to the townsite of Tungsten and the Canol Road leading to the Macmillan Pass.

The highest mountain in this range is Keele Peak at 2,952 m (9,685 ft), in Yukon. The second-highest mountain is Mount Nirvana. It is, at 2,773 m (9,098 ft), the highest mountain in the Northwest Territories.

The Silurian fish family Archipelepididae has been described from specimens found in the Mackenzie Mountains.
Banryūyama Takaharu
Banryūyama Takaharu  (born 4 May 1951 as Takaharu Taguchi) is a former sumo wrestler from Tatsuno, Hyōgo, Japan. He made his professional debut in November 1966, and reached the top division in March 1975. His highest rank was komusubi. He retired in November 1984 and became an elder of the Japan Sumo Association under the name Matsuchiyama. He worked as a coach at Mihogaseki stable until its closure in 2013, whereupon he moved to Kasugano stable. Upon reaching the mandatory retirement age of 65 in May 2016 he was re-hired as a consultant for five more years. He left the Sumo Association upon turning 70 in May 2021.

Tatsuno, Hyōgo
Tatsuno (たつの市, Tatsuno-shi) is a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 May 2022, the city had an estimated population of 74,414 in 31119 households and a population density of 6200 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 210.87 square kilometres (81.42 sq mi).

The city's name is spelled "たつの", using hiragana, but the name of Tatsuno Station uses the kanji characters "竜野", while the historic name for the place uses the characters "龍野." According to the Harima no Kuni Fudoki, the origin of the name "Tatsuno" was that upon the death of Nomi no Sukune in Ibo District (now in the city of Tatsuno), many came from Izumo and used rock from the Ibo River to make a grave, standing stones in a row on the plain. Thus, it was called "立野", with characters meaning "stand" and "plain", from which it is thought to have changed to "龍野". Nomi no Sukune Shrine is located at the place said to be his grave.
Upper-atmospheric models
Upper-atmospheric models are simulations of the Earth's atmosphere between 20 and 100 km (65,000 and 328,000 feet) that comprises the stratosphere, mesosphere, and the lower thermosphere. Whereas most climate models simulate a region of the Earth's atmosphere from the surface to the stratopause, there also exist numerical models which simulate the wind, temperature and composition of the Earth's tenuous upper atmosphere, from the mesosphere to the exosphere, including the ionosphere. This region is affected strongly by the 11 year Solar cycle through variations in solar UV/EUV/Xray radiation and solar wind leading to high latitude particle precipitation and aurora. It has been proposed that these phenomena may have an effect on the lower atmosphere, and should therefore be included in simulations of climate change. For this reason there has been a drive in recent years to create whole atmosphere models to investigate whether or not this is the case.

Block (meteorology)
Blocks in meteorology are large-scale patterns in the atmospheric pressure field that are nearly stationary, effectively "blocking" or redirecting migratory cyclones. They are also known as blocking highs or blocking anticyclones. These blocks can remain in place for several days or even weeks, causing the areas affected by them to have the same kind of weather for an extended period of time (e.g. precipitation for some areas, clear skies for others). In the Northern Hemisphere, extended blocking occurs most frequently in the spring over the eastern Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. While these events are linked to the occurrence of extreme weather events such as heat waves, particularly the onset and decay of these events is still not well captured in numerical weather forecasts and remains an open area of research.
Prodromus
A prodromus ('forerunner' or 'precursor') aka prodrome is a term used in the natural sciences to describe a preliminary publication intended as the basis for a later, more comprehensive work.

It is also a medical term used for a premonitory symptom, that is, a symptom indicating the onset of a disease.

The origin of the word is from the 19th century: via French from New Latin prodromus, from Greek prodromos, meaning forerunner.

Nicolas Steno's De solido intra solidum naturaliter contento dissertationis prodromus, one of the early treatises attempting to explain the occurrence of fossils in solid rock.

Ludovico Marracci's Arabic edition and Latin translation of the Qur’an was published in 1698. His ‘Introduction’ (Prodromus) had been published seven years earlier.

Other notable prodromi include Prodromus Entomology, Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen, Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis.

Ludovico Marracci
Ludovico Marracci (6 October 1612 – 5 February 1700), also known by Luigi Marracci, was an Italian Oriental scholar and professor of Arabic in the College of Wisdom at Rome.

He is chiefly known as the publisher and editor of Quran of Muhammad in Arabic. He is also well known for translating Quran in Latin, editing an Arabic Bible translation, and numerous other works.
Green Reefers
Green Reefers (OSE: GRR) is a Norwegian shipping company that owns 24 and operates 5 reefers (refrigerated ships). Based in Bergen, the company operates throughout the North Atlantic, with terminals located in Swinoujscie (Poland), Kaliningrad (Russia), Klaipėda (Lithuania),  and in Måløy and Træna (Norway).

The company used to be listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange. Fully owned by the Caiano Group.  The main cargoes include fish from Northern Europe, juice from Florida, fruits from the United States and meat from Brazil to Russia.

Reefer ship
A refrigerated cargo ship, also known as a reefer ship, is a refrigerated cargo ship typically used to transport perishable cargo, which require temperature-controlled handling, such as fruits, meat, vegetables, dairy products, and similar items.
Stenhammar Palace
Stenhammar is a palace and mansion located outside Flen in Södermanland County, Sweden, about 120 kilometers southwest of Stockholm. It is situated right by the Western Main Line railway (Västra stambanan).

Stenhammar is owned by the State and it has been leased to King Carl XVI Gustaf since 1966, but is not considered a crown palace. The previous leaseholder was Prince Wilhelm, Duke of Södermanland (younger brother of the King's paternal grandfather) who lived there and held it until his death. Stenhammar was donated to the state by landowner and courtier Robert von Kræmer in 1903, and the will stipulates that it should be leased out to a prince of the royal house, preferably a Duke of Södermanland, if there is one.

In August 2023 King Carl XVI Gustaf and Queen Silvia received Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky at the palace as a part of the latter's visit to Sweden to discuss the ongoing Russian invasion of Ukraine.

Queen Silvia of Sweden
Silvia (born Silvia Renate Sommerlath; 23 December 1943) is Queen of Sweden as the wife of King Carl XVI Gustaf. She has held this title since her marriage to Carl XVI Gustaf in 1976. The king and queen have three children: Crown Princess Victoria, Prince Carl Philip, and Princess Madeleine.
Eduard Hellvig
Eduard Raul Hellvig (born 27 October 1974) is a Romanian political scientist, journalist and politician who served as director of the Romanian Intelligence Service (SRI) from 2015 to 2023. A former member of the National Liberal Party (PNL) and previously of the Conservative Party (PC), he represented Bihor County in the Romanian Chamber of Deputies from 2004 to 2008, and sat for Ilfov County from 2012 to 2013. In the Victor Ponta cabinet, he was Minister of Regional Development and Tourism in 2012. In 2007, he was a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for Romania, a position he once again took up in 2013, and which he left upon becoming SRI director.

Ministry of Regional Development and Public Administration
The Ministry for Development, Public Works and Administration of Romania (Romanian: Ministerul Dezvoltării, Lucrărilor Publice și Administrației) is an institution of the Romanian central public administration, subordinated to the Government of Romania. The Ministry was created on December 22, 2012 by the restructuring of the former Ministry of Regional Development and Tourism (2009–2010) and by taking over the public administration structures and the institutions specialized in this area from the Ministry of Interior Affairs, under the Emergency Ordinance no.96 of 22 December 2012.
Johnson graph
In mathematics, Johnson graphs are a special class of undirected graphs defined from systems of sets. The vertices of the Johnson graph  are the -element subsets of an -element set; two vertices are adjacent when the intersection of the two vertices (subsets) contains -elements. Both Johnson graphs and the closely related Johnson scheme are named after Selmer M. Johnson.

Intersection (set theory)
In set theory, the intersection of two sets  and  denoted by  is the set containing all elements of  that also belong to  or equivalently, all elements of  that also belong to  The notion of intersection as an algebraic operation with sets as operands has been generalized from geometry, where it is encountered in the case of geometric sets of points, such as individual points, lines (infinite uncountable sets of points), planes, etc.