hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
3rd Critics' Choice Documentary Awards
The 3rd Critics' Choice Documentary Awards were presented on November 11, 2018, in Brooklyn, New York, honoring the finest achievements in documentary filmmaking and non-fiction television. The nominees were announced in October 15, 2018 with Free Solo leading the nominations with six.

Free Solo
Free Solo is a 2018 American documentary film directed by Elizabeth Chai Vasarhelyi and Jimmy Chin that profiles rock climber Alex Honnold on his quest to perform the first-ever free solo climb of a route on El Capitan, in Yosemite National Park in California, in June 2017.

The film premiered at the 45th Telluride Film Festival on August 31, 2018, and also screened at the 2018 Toronto International Film Festival, where it won the People's Choice Award in the Documentaries category. It was released in the United States on September 28, 2018, and grossed over $28 million at the worldwide box office. Free Solo received acclaim from critics and numerous accolades, including winning Best Documentary Feature at the 91st Academy Awards.
Contarinia zauschneriae
Contarinia zauschneriae, also known as the California fuchsia gall midge, is a species of gall midge that induces roselle-form bud galls on Epilobium canum, a flowering plant of western North America. The galls are typically 25 millimeters high and about 15 millimeters around. The coloration roughly mimics that of a stereotypical red rosebud, with red on the upper half where the petals would be and green-yellow at the base where the leaflets would be. The type species was collected by Ephraim Felt in the Puente Hills, near Whittier, California, in 1910.

Whittier, California
Whittier (/ˈhwɪtiər/) is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. Part of the Gateway Cities, the 14.7-square-mile (38.0 km2) city had 87,306 residents as of the 2020 United States census. Whittier was incorporated in February 1898 and became a charter city in 1955. The city is named for the Quaker poet John Greenleaf Whittier and is home to Whittier College. The city is surrounded by four unincorporated areas sharing the Whittier name, West Whittier-Los Nietos, North Whittier, South Whittier, and East Whittier, which combined are home to a larger population than Whittier proper.
Diocese of Jeju
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Jeju (제주, also romanized Jeju, Latin: Dioecesis Cheiuensis) is a Latin rite suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Gwangju, South Korea, yet depends on the missionary Dicastery for Evangelization. Its episcopal see and mother church is Immaculate Conception Cathedral in Jeju City.

Immaculate Conception Cathedral, Jeju
The Immaculate Conception Cathedral (Korean: 중앙성당), also called Jungang Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception of Mary and locally Jungang Cathedral, is a religious building located in Jeju City, South Korea.

The temple follows the Roman or Latin rite and is the principal church of the Diocese of Jeju (Dioecesis Cheiuensis; 제주 교구) which was raised to its current status in 1977 by Pope Paul VI by bull "Munus Apostolicum".

It is under the pastoral responsibility of the Bishop Peter Kang U-il.
Mustafa Bin Dardef
Mustafa Bin Dardef (Arabic: مصطفى بن دردف; 1968 – 18 October 2011) was a prominent Libyan rebel field commander from the Zintan brigade of the anti-Gaddafi forces during the  First Libyan Civil War. He was killed by a mortar round just two days before the fall of Sirte and the capture and execution of former Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi.

Anti-Gaddafi forces
The Anti-Gaddafi forces, also known as the Libyan opposition or Libyan rebels, were NATO/Qatari-backed Libyan groups that opposed and militarily defeated the government of Muammar Gaddafi during the First Libyan Civil War in 2011, killing him in the process. The Anti-Gaddafi forces were represented by the National Transitional Council and their National Liberation Army, which claimed to be the "only legitimate body representing the people of Libya and the Libyan state". These opposition forces included organized and armed militia groups, participants in the Libyan Civil War, Libyan diplomats who switched their allegiance from the Gaddafi-led government, and Libyan military units that switched sides to support the protesters.
Jan Viktor Mládek
Jan Viktor Mládek (7 December 1911 – 7 August 1989) was initially a Czechoslovak, then an American economist of Polish-Czech origin, governor and one of the executive directors of the International Monetary Fund, art collector and patron of Central European art.

Bretton Woods Conference
The Bretton Woods Conference, formally known as the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference, was the gathering of 730 delegates from all 44 allied nations at the Mount Washington Hotel, in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, United States, to regulate what would be the international monetary and financial order after the conclusion of World War II.

The conference was held from July 1 to 22, 1944. Agreements were signed that, after legislative ratification by member governments, established the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD, later part of the World Bank Group) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). This led to what was called the Bretton Woods system for international commercial and financial relations.
Ankazomihaboka Formation
The Ankazomihaboka Formation is a Coniacian geologic formation in the Mahajanga Basin of northwestern Madagascar. The formation comprises claystones and sandstones deposited in a fluvial to lacustrine environment. The formation is overlain by the Marovoay Beds and overlies basalt.

Dinosaur remains diagnostic to the genus level are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.

Coniacian
The Coniacian is an age or stage in the geologic timescale. It is a subdivision of the Late Cretaceous Epoch or Upper Cretaceous Series and spans the time between 89.8 ± 0.3 Ma and 85.7 ± 0.2 Ma (million years ago). The Coniacian is preceded by the Turonian and followed by the Santonian.
Riphean age
The Riphean is a stage or age of the geologic timescale from 1,600 to 600 million years ago. The name Riphean is used in the Proterozoic stratigraphy of Russia and the Fennoscandian Shield in Finland. It was also used in a number of older international geologic timescales but, in the most recent timescales of the ICS, it is replaced by the Calymmian, Ectasian, Stenian, Tonian and Cryogenian periods of the Neoproterozoic and Mesoproterozoic eras.

During the Riphean, there was a great increase in stromatolite diversity, possibly related to the appearance of eukaryotes.

The word 'Riphean' comes from the ancient name "Riphean Mountains", sometimes identified with the Ural Mountains.

The Riphean has been divided by geologists into the Early Riphean (1600–1400 Ma), Middle Riphean (1400–1000 Ma) and Late Riphean (1000–600 Ma) subdivisions.

Russian timescale for Proterozoic. Riphean and its subdivisions are in brown.

Stratigraphy
Stratigraphy is a branch of geology concerned with the study of rock layers (strata) and layering (stratification). It is primarily used in the study of sedimentary and layered volcanic rocks.
Stratigraphy has three related subfields: lithostratigraphy (lithologic stratigraphy), biostratigraphy (biologic stratigraphy), and chronostratigraphy (stratigraphy by age).

Several principles and laws come into play when using stratigraphy such as Principle of original horizontality, Law of superposition, Cross-cutting relationships, Principle of inclusions, Principle of faunal succession.
Baishatun Mazu Pilgrimage
The Baishatun Mazu Pilgrimage (Chinese: 白沙屯媽祖進香; pinyin: Báishātún Māzǔ jìnxiāng; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Pe̍h-sua-tun má-tsóo tsìn-hiunn) is usually held annually between lunar January and April in the western plains of Taiwan, a major Taoist religious event since 1863. After every lunar new year, the Mazu statue of Gongtian Temple (Chinese: 拱天宮; pinyin: Gǒng tiāngōng) at Baishatun, Tongxiao of Miaoli County, is placed in a palanquin and carried in procession to visit another Mazu Temple- Chaotian Temple (Chinese: 朝天宮; pinyin: Cháo tiāngōng), located in the area of Beigang of Yunlin County, then returns to Gongtian Temple to end this pilgrimage. The distance covered is approximately 400 km total.

There is another Mazu statue, called "Mazu of the Mountain Side (Chinese: 山邊媽祖; pinyin: Shān-biān māzǔ)", from Houlong Township (Chinese: 後龍鎮) of Miaoli county, that would accompany Baishatun Mazu during the pilgrimage as well.

Yunlin County
Yunlin is a county in western Taiwan. Yunlin County borders the Taiwan Strait to the west, Nantou County to the east, Changhua County to the north at the Zhuoshui River, and Chiayi County to the south at the Beigang River. It has a population of 664,963 as of 2022.

Yunlin is part of the Chianan Plain, a flat land known for its agriculture. Agricultural products of Yunlin County include pomelo, tea leaves, suan cai, papaya and melon. Yunlin's rivers give it potential for hydroelectricity. Douliu is the largest and capital city of Yunlin. It is the only county on the main island of Taiwan where no city with the same name exists. Yunlin is one of the least developed counties on the West coast, and suffers from emigration.
Arsen of Iqalto
Arsen Iqaltoeli or Arsen of Iqalto (Georgian: არსენ იყალთოელი) (died c. 1127) was a Georgian churchman, theologian, calligrapher and religious author with noticeable role in the ecclesiastic life of Georgia in the reign of David IV "the Builder" (r. 1089—1125) with whom he collaborated in rearing the Georgian monastic academes. His formidable efforts at translating and compiling major doctrinal and polemical work from Greek gave a novel impetus to the Georgian patristic and philosophical literature. Iqaltoeli is canonized by the Georgian Orthodox Church, which commemorates him on February 6 (19).

Reign
A reign is the period of a person's or dynasty's occupation of the office of monarch of a nation (e.g., Saudi Arabia, Belgium, Andorra), of a people (e.g., the Franks, the Zulus) or of a spiritual community (e.g., Catholicism, Tibetan Buddhism, Nizari Ismailism). In most hereditary monarchies and some elective monarchies (e.g., Holy Roman Empire) there have been no limits on the duration of a sovereign's reign or incumbency, nor is there a term of office. Thus, a reign usually lasts until the monarch dies, unless the monarchy itself is abolished or the monarch abdicates or is deposed.

In elective monarchies, there may be a fixed period of time for the duration of the monarch's tenure in office (e.g., Malaysia).

The term of a reign can be indicated with the abbreviation "r." (for Latin rexit) after a sovereign's name, such as the following:

George VI, King of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions, Emperor of India (r. 1936–1952).
Wajima Hiroshi
Wajima Hiroshi (Japanese: 輪島大士, Hepburn: Wajima Hiroshi; 11 January 1948 – 8 October 2018) was a Japanese professional sumo wrestler from Nanao, Ishikawa. He was the sport's 54th yokozuna and is the first wrestler with a collegiate background to reach its highest rank. Entering professional sumo in January 1970, he won a total of 14 tournament championships or yūshō during his career before retiring in March 1981. He was nicknamed "Golden Left" (黄金の左, Ōgon no Hidari) in reference to his trademark gold mawashi and his preferred technique of a left-handed underarm throw. He was later head coach of Hanakago stable, but after several controversies, Wajima was forced to leave the sumo world and turned to professional wrestling.

Professional sumo divisions
Professional sumo as administered by the Japanese Sumo Association is divided into six ranked divisions. Wrestlers are promoted and demoted within and between these divisions based on the merit of their win–loss records in official tournaments. For more information, see kachi-koshi and make-koshi. Wrestlers are also ranked within each division. The higher a wrestler's rank within a division is, the general level of opponents he will have to face becomes stronger. According to tradition, each rank is further subdivided into East and West, with East being slightly more prestigious, and ranked slightly higher than its West counterpart. The divisions, ranked in order of hierarchy from highest to lowest, are as follows:
Diamond Springs Stage Station Site
The Diamond Springs Stage Station Site,  in Keith County, Nebraska near Brule, Nebraska was the site of a stagecoach station in 1859.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1970.

It is a 4 acres (1.6 ha) site located just 70 to 100 feet north of the right-of-way of Interstate 80, about 1 mile (1.6 km) west of the Brule exit of the interstate.  The Platte River is about .25 miles (0.40 km) to its north.  It is at elevation about five feet above the river level.

It was deemed "of importance archeologically because of the relatively undisturbed remains present here of a station used by both the Pony Express and the Overland Stage in the mid 1800s. This station was apparently built in 1859 by Russell, Majors and Waddell after that firm bought out Jones and Russell's Leavenworth and Pike's Peak Express Company."

No above-ground structures remain, but the site has never been ploughed and the ground shows evidence of building areas.

Keith County, Nebraska
Keith County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 8,335. Its county seat is Ogallala.

In the Nebraska license plate system, Keith County is represented by the prefix 68 (it had the sixty-eighth-largest number of vehicles registered in the county when the license plate system was established in 1922).
Bhawanipur, Parsa
Bhawanipur is a village development committee in Parsa District in the Narayani Zone of southern Nepal. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 6,193 people living in 847 individual households. There were 3,276 males and 2,917 females at the time of census.

Parsa District
Parsa District (Nepali: पर्सा जिल्लाListenⓘ), a part of Madhesh Province in Terai plain, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. The district, with Birgunj as its district headquarters, covers an area of 1,353 km2 (522 sq mi) and has a population (2001) of 497,219. According to the locals, Parsa is named after the Parashnath temple situated in Mahuwan.
The Greatest Show
"The Greatest Show" is a song performed by Hugh Jackman, Keala Settle, Zac Efron and Zendaya for the film The Greatest Showman (2017). It is the opening track from The Greatest Showman: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack (2017) and also serves as the opening and closing number of the film itself. It is expected to do the same in the upcoming 2026 stage musical adaptation of the film. Despite not being released as an official single, "The Greatest Show" was the 18th biggest song of 2018 in the United Kingdom.

Keala Settle
Keala Settle (born November 5, 1975) is an American-Born British singer and actress of stage and screen. Settle originated the role of Norma Valverde in Hands on a Hardbody, which ran on Broadway in 2013, and was nominated for the Outer Critics Circle Award, Drama Desk Award, and Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Musical. In 2016, she was in the original Broadway cast of Waitress portraying Becky. In 2017, she portrayed Lettie Lutz, a bearded lady, in the musical film The Greatest Showman. The song "This Is Me" from the film, principally sung by Settle, won the 2017 Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song, and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Song.
Solid oxide fuel cell
A solid oxide fuel cell (or SOFC) is an electrochemical conversion device that produces electricity directly from oxidizing a fuel. Fuel cells are characterized by their electrolyte material; the SOFC has a solid oxide or ceramic electrolyte.

Advantages of this class of fuel cells include high combined heat and power efficiency, long-term stability, fuel flexibility, low emissions, and relatively low cost. The largest disadvantage is the high operating temperature, which results in longer start-up times and mechanical and chemical compatibility issues.

Operating temperature
An operating temperature is the allowable temperature range of the local ambient environment at which an electrical or mechanical device operates. The device will operate effectively within a specified temperature range which varies on the basis of the device's function and application context, and ranges from the minimum operating temperature to the maximum operating temperature (or peak operating temperature). Outside this range of safe operating temperatures the device may fail.

It is one component of reliability engineering.

Similarly, biological systems remain viable in a temperature range that equates to an operating temperature.
Acleris roscidana
Acleris roscidana is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in France, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Italy, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Norway, Sweden, Finland, the Baltic region, Ukraine and Russia.

The wingspan is 26–28 mm. Adults are on wing from September to March.

The larvae feed on Populus tremula. Larvae can be found from June to July.

Baltic region
The Baltic Sea Region, alternatively the Baltic Rim countries (or simply the Baltic Rim), and the Baltic Sea countries/states, refers to the general area surrounding the Baltic Sea, including parts of Northern, Central and Eastern Europe. Unlike the "Baltic states", the Baltic region includes all countries that border the sea.
Dan O'Connor (baseball)
Daniel Cornelius O'Connor (August 11, 1868 – March 3, 1942) was a Canadian Major League Baseball first baseman who played for the Louisville Colonels of the American Association in 1890.  The 21-year-old rookie stood 6'2" and weighed 185 lbs.

O'Connor played in 6 games for the Colonels, who won the 1890 AA pennant with a record of 88–44. His first appearance was on June 3 and his last on July 19.  He hit .462 (12-for-26) with 5 runs batted in and 3 runs scored.  At first base he handled 58 chances without an error and participated in 3 double plays.

O'Connor died in his hometown of Guelph, Ontario, Canada at the age of 73.

Fielding error
In baseball and softball statistics, an error is an act, in the judgment of the official scorer, of a fielder misplaying a ball in a manner that allows a batter or baserunner to advance one or more bases or allows a plate appearance to continue after the batter should have been put out. The term  error is sometimes used to refer to the play during which an error was committed.
Upperthong
Upperthong is a village approximately 807 feet (246 m) above sea level, in the civil parish of Holme Valley, in the Kirklees district, in West Yorkshire, England, near the town of Holmfirth, approximately 7 miles (11 km) south of Huddersfield. In 2005, Kirklees Council stated that the population of Upperthong was 1,116; by 2019, the figure was 1,938.

Kirklees Council
Kirklees Council, also known as Kirklees Metropolitan Borough Council, is the local authority for the metropolitan borough of Kirklees in West Yorkshire, England. As a metropolitan borough council it provides the majority of local government services in the borough. Since 2014 the council has been a constituent member of the West Yorkshire Combined Authority.

The council has been under no overall control since 2024. It meets at Huddersfield Town Hall and has its main offices in the nearby Civic Centre.
No. 91 Group RAF
No. 91 Group RAF is a former Royal Air Force group.

The group was formed on 11 May 1942, at Abingdon as No. 91 (Operational Training) Group RAF in RAF Bomber Command, it was previously No. 6 Group RAF. Within a matter of weeks it was called upon to provide over 200 aircraft and crews for Operation Millenium, the first 1,000 bomber raid, launched against Cologne on the night of 30/31 May 1942.

On 14 April 1947, the Group moved to Morton Hall, Swinderby and was amalgamated with and renamed No. 21 Group RAF on 1 May 1947.

RAF Gaydon
Royal Air Force Gaydon or more simply RAF Gaydon is a former Royal Air Force station located 5.2 miles (8.4 km) east of Wellesbourne, Warwickshire and 10.8 miles (17.4 km) north west of Banbury, Oxfordshire, England.

RAF Gaydon opened in 1942 and is known for its role during the Cold War, when it was under the control of RAF Bomber Command as it was the first Royal Air Force (RAF) station to receive the Vickers Valiant when No. 138 Squadron RAF re-formed here in 1955.

In 1978, the site passed into civilian ownership and today contains the British Motor Museum, the headquarters of automobile manufacturer Aston Martin, and the Jaguar Land Rover Gaydon Centre.
Ezerjó
Ezerjó is a white Hungarian wine grape grown primarily in the Mór region. Locally it is prized for its very fruity nose and crisp, full-bodied freshness. It is rare to find a bottle outside of Hungary as most is consumed by the local population and production is limited to certain small areas.  This wine has a very long history including being a favorite with the royals of the Habsburg dynasty.

It is also used to make sweet dessert wines.

Sweetness of wine
The subjective sweetness of a wine is determined by the interaction of several factors, including the amount of sugar in the wine, but also the relative levels of alcohol, acids, and tannins. Sugars and alcohol enhance a wine's sweetness, while acids cause sourness and bitter tannins cause bitterness. These principles are outlined in the 1987 work by Émile Peynaud, The Taste of Wine.

According to the International Organization of Vine and Wine (OIV), wines can be classified based in their sugar content. A wine is considered dry when it contains no more than 4g/L of glucose plus fructose or when its acidic strength is at least 2g/L relative to glucose plus fructose. Medium dry wines have a sugar content higher than that of dry wines. Mellow or semi-sweet wines contain more sugar than the medium dry wines but no more than 45g/L. Sweet wines contain at least 45g/L of glucose plus fructose.
Gebguda
Gebguda (Russian: Гебгуда; Avar: Гъебгъуда) is a rural locality (a selo) in Khidibsky Selsoviet, Tlyaratinsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. Population:  47 (2010 Census); 80 (2002 Census); 150 (1989 Soviet census).

Avar language
Avar (авар мацӏ, avar maⱬ [ʔaˈwar mat͡sʼː] or магӏарул мацӏ, maⱨarul maⱬ [maʕarul mat͡sʼː], 'language of the mountains'), also known as Avaric, is a Northeast Caucasian language of the Avar–Andic subgroup that is spoken by Avars, primarily in Dagestan. In 2010, there were approximately one million speakers in Dagestan and elsewhere in Russia.
Rockingham City FC
Rockingham City FC is an association football club based in Rockingham, Western Australia established in 1970. Based at the Lark Hill Sports Complex which they moved to in 2008. Rockingham City also hosts junior teams starting at Under 6's, senior amateur and women's teams. The club will compete in 2025 in the Football West State League Division 2.

Rockingham, Western Australia
Rockingham is a suburb of  Perth, Western Australia, located 47 km south-south-west of the city centre. It acts as the primary centre for the City of Rockingham. It has a beachside location at Mangles Bay, the southern extremity of Cockburn Sound. To its north stretches the maritime and resource-industry installations of Kwinana and Henderson. Offshore to the north-west is Australia's largest naval fleet and submarine base, Garden Island, connected to the mainland by an all-weather causeway. To the west and south lies the Shoalwater Islands Marine Park.
False Arrest (film)
False Arrest is a 1991 American television film based on the real-life murders of William Redmond and Helen Phelps and the true story of Joyce Lukezic, who was wrongfully convicted of being one of the masterminds behind the murders. Directed by Bill L. Norton and starring Donna Mills and Steven Bauer, the film was broadcast in two parts on November 3 and 6, 1991.

Bill L. Norton
Bill L. Norton (born August 13, 1943) is an American film and television director, writer, and producer. Among many projects, he is the writer-director of the films Cisco Pike (1971) and More American Graffiti (1979).