hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pete Carmichael
Peter Edwards Carmichael Sr. (March 4, 1941 – January 22, 2016) was an American football coach who had more than 40 years of coaching experience at the high school, collegiate, and professional levels. He served as the head football coach at Trenton State College in 1973, and the United States Merchant Marine Academy from 1977 to 1980.

Born in Plainfield, New Jersey, Carmichael was raised in North Plainfield and played both baseball and football at North Plainfield High School.

In 1995, Carmichael was on the inaugural coaching staff for the Jacksonville Jaguars of the National Football League (NFL), where he served as the wide receivers coach.

Carmichael died on January 22, 2016. His son, Pete Carmichael Jr., is an offensive assistant coach for the Denver Broncos.

The College of New Jersey
The College of New Jersey (TCNJ) is a public university in Ewing Township, New Jersey. It is part of New Jersey's public system of higher education. Established in 1855 as the New Jersey State Normal School, TCNJ was the first normal school, or teaching college, in the state of New Jersey and the fifth in the United States. It was originally located in Trenton proper and moved to its present location in adjacent Ewing Township during the early to mid-1930s. Since its inception, TCNJ has undergone several name changes, the most recent being the 1996 change from "Trenton State College" to its current name.

The institution is organized into seven schools, all of which offer bachelor's degree programs and several of which offer master's degree programs. Emphasis is placed on liberal arts education via the college's general education requirements. Much of TCNJ is built in Georgian colonial revival architecture style on a 289-acre (117 ha) tree-lined campus.
Jan van Haelbeck
Jan van Haelbeck or Jan van Haelbeeck (fl 1600 - 1630) was a Flemish engraver.  He was mainly active in Paris in the first 30 years of the 17th century and helped introduce copper engraving as a technique in French printing.  He worked on various publication projects on religious and worldly subjects and portraits.

Sadeler family
The Sadeler family were the largest, and probably the most successful of the dynasties of Flemish engravers that were dominant in Northern European printmaking in the later 16th and 17th centuries, as both artists and publishers.  As with other dynasties such as the Wierixes and Van de Passe family, the style of family members is very similar. Their work often hard to tell apart in the absence of a signature or date, or evidence of location. Altogether at least ten Sadelers worked as engravers, in the Spanish Netherlands, Germany, Italy, Bohemia and Austria.

Much of their best work was high quality reproductive prints of contemporary artists such as Bartholomeus Spranger (Aegidius II) or the Venetian Bassano family (Jan I and Rafael I), that were important in spreading the reputation and style of these artists.
Willard Ikola
Willard John Ikola (July 28, 1932 – January 20, 2025) was a Finnish American ice hockey player and high school boys' hockey coach. Born in Eveleth, Minnesota, a powerhouse in hockey (owning seven state high school championships, including the very first Minnesota state hockey tournament in 1945, and producing six members of US Olympic hockey teams) he began playing hockey as a young boy, eventually going on to play in the 1956 Winter Olympics and coaching high school for over 30 years.

Edina, Minnesota
Edina (locally /iːˈdaɪnə/ ⓘ ee-DY-nə, /ɪˈdaɪnə/ ih-DY-nə) is a city in Hennepin County, Minnesota, United States and a first-ring suburb of Minneapolis. The population was 53,494 at the 2020 census, making it the 18th most populous city in Minnesota.

Edina began as a small farming and milling community along Minnehaha Creek in the 1860s and became one of Minneapolis's first incorporated suburbs in 1888. After years of being a streetcar suburb, Edina saw expanded development as a car-centric suburb in the 1950s and 1960s.

The city is known for its shopping, parks, and high quality of life and also has the nation's oldest indoor mall, the Southdale Center.
Michael Green (cricketer, born 1951)
Michael Redvers Green (born 17 September 1951) is a former English cricketer.  Green was a right-handed batsman who fielded as a wicket-keeper.  He was born in Stafford, Staffordshire.

Green made his debut for Staffordshire in the 1971 Minor Counties Championship against Northumberland.  Green played Minor counties cricket for Staffordshire from 1971 to 1979, which included 41 Minor Counties Championship matches. In 1975, he made his List A debut against Leicestershire in the Gillette Cup.  He made 3 further appearances in List A cricket, the last coming against Sussex in the 1978 Gillette Cup. In his 4 List A matches, he scored 49 runs at an average of 24.50, with a high score of 27 not out.

1975 Gillette Cup
The 1975 Gillette Cup was the thirteenth Gillette Cup, an English limited overs county cricket tournament. It was held between 25 June and 6 September 1975. The tournament was won by Lancashire County Cricket Club who defeated Middlesex County Cricket Club by 7 wickets in the final at Lord's.
Francesco Maria Ruspoli, 6th Prince of Cerveteri
Francesco Maria, Principe Ruspoli (November 30, 1839 – January 23, 1907) was the 6th Principe di Cerveteri, 6th Marchese di Riano, 11th Conte di Vignanello and Prince of the Holy Roman Empire, son of Giovanni Nepomucene Ruspoli, 5th Prince of Cerveteri and wife Barbara dei Principi Massimo.

Riano, Lazio
Riano is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Rome in the Italian region of Latium. It is located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of Rome, in the Tiber River valley, not far from Veio.

Riano borders the following municipalities: Castelnuovo di Porto, Monterotondo, Rome, Sacrofano.
The Widow's Might
The Widow's Might is a 2009 American independent Christian film directed by John Robert Moore and starring Angela Coates, John Robert Moore, Cameron Heidrick, and Gator Moore. It is set in modern-day Texas and the Old West. It has been praised as "a groundbreaking film, even though it is a first feature film from a teenaged director." The film won the Audience Choice Award and the $101,000 Best of Festival award in the San Antonio Independent Christian Film Festival.

Christian film industry
The Christian film industry is an aspect of Christian media for films containing a Christian-themed message or moral. They are often interdenominational films, but can also be films targeting a specific denomination of Christianity.
Erl
Erl is a municipality of 1,400 inhabitants in the Kufstein district in western Austria. It lies 15 km north of the administrative town of Kufstein in the northern part of the Tyrol, at the border with Bavaria, Germany.

Settlement began in the third century; Erl is mentioned in documents dating back to A.D. 788. The village has hosted a Passion play every six years since 1613 as well as the more recently founded summer and wintertime Tyrolean Festival, founded by Gustl Kuhn, which is devoted to classical music and opera.

Gustav Kuhn
Gustav Kuhn (born 28 August 1945) is an Austrian conductor and manager, also a composer, and a teacher and author. During his international conducting career, he founded the later "Accademia di Montegral" for young musicians and singers in 1987, held the artistic directorship of the Tiroler Festspiele Erl, which he founded, for over 20 years and was artistic director of the international singing competition "Neue Stimmen" of the Bertelsmann Foundation since the competition was founded in 1987. Due to the accusations against Kuhn, he ended the collaboration in September 2018.
Scott Holstein
Scott Holstein (born May 5, 1974) is an American country and bluegrass singer-songwriter.

Holstein was born in Boone County, West Virginia and lives in Nashville, Tennessee. His bluegrass and country music is influenced by Ralph Stanley, Larry Sparks, and Keith Whitley. He writes his own music, and he is a baritone singer. He released his first full-length album, Cold Coal Town, in 2011. Contributing artists include Don Rigsby of the Lonesome River Band, Grammy Award winner Randy Kohrs, Clay Hess of Ricky Skaggs & Kentucky Thunder, Aaron Ramsey of Mountain Heart, Jay Weaver, Tim Crouch and Scott Vestal from the Sam Bush Band.

Boone County, West Virginia
Boone County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 21,809. Its county seat is Madison. Boone County is part of the Charleston, WV Metropolitan Statistical Area. Leading industries and chief agricultural products in Boone County include coal, lumber, natural gas, tobacco, and strawberries.
Bella Bellow
Georgette Adjoavi Bellow (Tsévié, Togo, 1 January 1945 – 10 December 1973), better known as Bella Bellow, was a Togolese singer who created an international career and recorded several albums. She died at the age of 28 in a car accident in Togo.

She was born in Tsévié, Togo, to a Togolese father of Nigerian descent and a Ghanaian-origin mother. Bellow's first international performance was in 1966, when she represented Togo at the First World Festival of Negro Arts in Dakar, Senegal. Her first album, named Rockya, came out in 1969. In the album, she was accompanied by Camerounian band made up of Manu Dibango, on saxophone, keyboards and arrangement, Jeannot Madingué on bass, Slim Pezin on the guitar and Ben's on drums

She performed at the Paris Olympia and recorded with Manu Dibango.  Angélique Kidjo and Afia Mala have been influenced by Bella Bellow.

Slim Pezin
André Pezin (25 October 1945 – 18 January 2024), also known as Slim Pezin, was a French guitarist, music arranger, musical producer and conductor who worked for many important people in French orchestra, from Claude François -- for whom he directed the orchestra -- to people like Michel Sardou, Silvie Vartan, Johnny Hallyday, Charles Aznavour and Mylène Farmer.
Franz Lorinser
Carl Maria Franz Lorinser (12 March 1821 - 12 November 1893) was a German Catholic theologian, translator from Sanskrit and Spanish, and a writer on natural history.

Lorinser was born in Berlin where his father was Karl Ignatius, a physician. The family had moved to Oppeln, Upper Silesia where Franz went to school. He then went to Breslau and Munich to study theology. In 1842 he went to Rome to study in the seminary there. He was ordained by Cardinal Patrizi on December 23, 1843. Returning to Germany in 1844 he spent time in Munich and then worked as chaplain, later pastor in Breslau. He died at Breslau.

Lorinser writings included a seven part Book of Nature which covered, astronomy, geology, meteorology, botany and zoology. He translated several works from Spanish including the writings of Jacob Balmes. In 1869 he translated the Bhagavad-Gita into German, and considered the writings to have been drawn from Christian works.

Jaime Balmes
Jaime Luciano Balmes y Urpiá (Catalan: Jaume Llucià Antoni Balmes i Urpià; 28 August 1810 – 9 July 1848) was a Spanish philosopher, theologian, Catholic apologist, sociologist and political writer. Familiar with the doctrine of Saint Thomas Aquinas, Balmes was an original philosopher who did not belong to any particular school or stream, and was called by Pius XII the Prince of Modern Apologetics.
Noel Palmer
Francis Noel Palmer (1887 – 18 January 1961) was a British politician.

He was the son of Nathaniel Palmer of Yarmouth. In 1906 he joined the Labour Party. During the First World War he was granted a commission as a second lieutenant in the Essex Regiment, but was discharged from the army with tuberculosis.  He lived at Normandy, Surrey and was chosen as Labour candidate to contest the local parliamentary constituency of Farnham in 1929. In October 1931 Palmer was expelled from the Labour Party for supporting the National Government, moving into the National Labour Organisation led by the Prime Minister, Ramsay MacDonald.

He was a parliamentary candidate at the 1931 general election at Tottenham North. He unseated the sitting Labour member, Frederick Messer and was one of 13 National Labour MPs elected. The situation was reversed when he lost the seat to Messer at the next general election in 1935. By the 1940s his sand and gravel business was in receivership.

He died in 1961.

National Labour Organisation
The National Labour Organisation, also known simply as National Labour, was formed in 1931 by supporters of the National Government in Britain who had come from the Labour Party. Its leaders were Ramsay MacDonald (1931–1937) and his son Malcolm MacDonald (1937–1945).

The most prominent member was the Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald. National Labour sponsored parliamentary candidates, but did not consider itself a political party as it had no policy distinctive from that of the government which it supported.

After Ramsay MacDonald's death, the group continued in existence under his son Malcolm until it was wound up on the eve of the 1945 general election; its newsletter ceased publication two years later.
Atria Institute on gender equality and women's history
Atria, institute on gender equality and women's history is a public library and research institute in Amsterdam dedicated to research and policy advice on gender equality and to the documentation and archival of women's history. Its previous names were International Information Centre and Archive for the Women's Movement (IIAV) (1988-2009) and Aletta, Institute for Women's History (2009-2013).

Research institute
A research institute, research centre, or research organization is an establishment founded for doing research. Research institutes may specialize in basic research or may be oriented to applied research. Although the term often implies natural science research, there are also many research institutes in the social science as well, especially for sociological and historical research purposes.
Society of Merchant Venturers
The Society of Merchant Venturers is a charitable organisation in the English city of Bristol. The society can be traced back to a 13th-century guild which went on to fund the 15th-century voyage of John Cabot to Canada. In 1552, it gained a monopoly on sea trading from Bristol from its first royal charter. For centuries it had almost been synonymous with the government of Bristol, especially Bristol Harbour. In recent times, the society's activities have centred on charitable agendas.

The society played a part in the development of Bristol, including the building of Clifton Suspension Bridge and the Great Western Railway. It also influenced the development of educational institutions in Greater Bristol, including University of Bristol, University of the West of England, University of Bath, City of Bristol College, Merchants' Academy, 
Montpelier High School and Wells Cathedral School.

Wells Cathedral School
Wells Cathedral School is an independent co-educational boarding and day school for 2–18 year olds located in Wells, Somerset, England, which provides an all-round education alongside specialist music and chorister training. The whole School comprises Pre-Prep, Prep School, and Senior School, which includes a Sixth Form. The School is one of the five specialist musical schools for school-age children in the United Kingdom, along with Chetham's School of Music, the Yehudi Menuhin School, the Purcell School and St. Mary's Music School, Edinburgh. The Head Master, Alastair Tighe, is a member of the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference.
Haplotaxida
The Haplotaxida are one of two orders within the annelid subclass Oligochaeta, the other being the Lumbriculida. No real common name exists, but they are simply referred to as haplotaxids.

Given that the other clitellatan annelids are embedded between and around the Haplotaxida and Lumbriculida, the traditional Oligochaeta are a paraphyletic assemblage. Thus, the Haplotaxida might eventually be up-ranked to subclass status within the Clitellata or an expanded Oligochaeta, with the present suborders advancing to order rank. The latter – though without merging the Oligochaeta and Clitellata – has been proposed time and again in the past, most prominently for the distinct Moniligastrina.

Clitellata
The Clitellata are a class of annelid worms, characterized by having a clitellum – the 'collar' that forms a reproductive cocoon during part of their life cycles. The clitellates comprise around 8,000 species.  Unlike the class of Polychaeta, they do not have parapodia and their heads are less developed.
Christmas Hills, Victoria
Christmas Hills is a locality in Victoria, Australia, 35 km (22 mi) north-east of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the Shire of Nillumbik local government area. Christmas Hills recorded a population of 365 at the 2021 census.

Christmas Hills is located between Kangaroo Ground and Yarra Glen, along Eltham-Yarra Glen Road (State Route C726), north of the Yarra River, in the Dandenong Ranges. In 1904, the Australian Handbook described Christmas Hills as "an excellent health resort".

The locality is very hilly, with One Tree Hill in the northwest rising to 372 m (1,220 ft) above sea level, and is home to several reserves, including One Tree Hill Reserve and Sugarloaf Reservoir Park, opened in 1980 and managed by Melbourne Water.

Local government areas of Victoria
This is a list of local government areas (LGAs) in Victoria, sorted by region.

Also referred to as municipalities, the 79 Victorian LGAs are classified as cities (34), shires (38), rural cities (6) and boroughs (1). In general, an urban or suburban LGA is called a city and is governed by a city council, while a rural LGA covering a larger rural area is usually called a shire and is governed by a shire council. Local councils have the same administrative functions and similar political structures, regardless of their classification.

Local elections are held in Victoria every four years with the most recent elections held in 2024.
Dorothy Stang
Dorothy Mae Stang, SNDdeN, (June 7, 1931 – February 12, 2005) was an American-born Brazilian Catholic Religious Sister and missionary. She was murdered in Anapu, Pará, in the Amazon Basin in 2005. Stang had been outspoken in her efforts on behalf of the poor and the environment and had previously received death threats from loggers and landowners.

Death threat
A death threat is a threat, often made anonymously, by one person or a group of people to kill another person or group of people. These threats are often designed to intimidate victims in order to manipulate their behaviour, in which case a death threat could be a form of coercion. For example, a death threat could be used to dissuade a public figure from pursuing a criminal investigation or an advocacy campaign.
1897 Western University of Pennsylvania football team
The 1897 Western University of Pennsylvania football team was an American football team that represented the Western University of Pennsylvania (now known as the University of Pittsburgh) as an independent during the 1897 college football season.

Thomas Trenchard
Thomas Gawthrop "Doggie" Trenchard (May 3, 1874 – October 16, 1943) was an All-American football player at Princeton University in 1893 and a college football head coach at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the University of Pittsburgh, and West Virginia University.
Kijewo, Szczecin
Kijewo is a municipal neighbourhood of the city of Szczecin, Poland, situated on the right bank of the Oder River, east of the Szczecin Old Town and south-east of Szczecin-Dąbie. As of December 2019, it had a population of 3,515.

The area became part of the emerging Duchy of Poland under its first ruler Mieszko I around 967, and following Poland's fragmentation in 1138, it formed part of the Duchy of Pomerania. During the Thirty Years' War, the settlement fell to the Swedish Empire. From 1871, it was part of Germany until the defeat of Nazi Germany in World War II in 1945 when the area was reintegrated back into Poland.

Oder
The Oder (/ˈoʊ.dər/ OH-dər; Czech and Polish: Odra) is a river in Central Europe. It is Poland's second-longest river and third-longest within its borders after the Vistula and its largest tributary the Warta. The Oder rises in the Czech Republic and flows 742 kilometres (461 mi) through western Poland, later forming 187 kilometres (116 mi) of the border between Poland and Germany as part of the Oder–Neisse line. The river ultimately flows into the Szczecin Lagoon north of Szczecin and then into three branches (the Dziwna, Świna and Peene) that empty into the Bay of Pomerania of the Baltic Sea.
Dipdive
Dipdive was a social networking website created by will.i.am. It is best known as the original source site of the 'Yes We Can' music video. The site allowed users to upload images, videos and audio files, post blog entries and create playlists. Dipdive was home to a variety of creative content and information on social causes.

The website was shut down at some time in 2013 and its domain was redirected to will.i.am's homepage. When asked about it in an interview with Fortune, will.i.am responded with "Ehh, I don’t want to do it anymore. I have something else I’m doing", insisting that "Dipdive wasn’t a failure" as the source code could potentially be reused in the future.

Means of communication
Means of communication or media are ways used by people to communicate and exchange information with each other as an information sender and a receiver. Diverse arrays of media that reach a large audience via mass communication are called mass media.
Arbad ibn Humayrah
Arbad ibn Humayrah (Arabic: أربد بن حميرة, romanized: Arbad ibn Ḥumayrah) known by his Kunya Abu Mahsiy, is a Companion of the Prophet from Banu Asad ibn Khuzaymah. Muslim historians disagree regarding his name. Ibn Hisham and al-Shaybani said his name is Arbad ibn Humayyar or Arbad ibn Hamzah.  Ibn Sa'd arguing his name instead was Abu Mahsiy Suwaid ibn Adi.

Before moving to Medina, Arbad once sought refugee in Abyssinia.

Arbad arrived in Medina with Ukasha ibn al-Mihsan, Uqbah ibn Wahab, Shu'ja ibn Wahab, Munqiz ibn Nubatah, and many others.

Arbad participated in the Battle of Badr.

Ibn Sa'd
Abū ‘Abd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Sa‘d ibn Manī‘ al-Baṣrī al-Hāshimī or simply Ibn Sa'd (Arabic: ابن سعد) and nicknamed Scribe of Waqidi (Katib al-Waqidi), was a scholar and Arabian biographer. Ibn Sa'd was born in 784/785 CE (168 AH) and died on 16 February 845 CE (230 AH). Ibn Sa'd was from Basra, but lived mostly in Baghdad, hence the nisba al-Basri and al-Baghdadi respectively. He is said to have died at the age of 62 in Baghdad and was buried in the cemetery of the Syrian gate.
United States Semiquincentennial
The United States Semiquincentennial, also called the Bisesquicentennial, the Sestercentennial, or the Quarter Millennium, will be the 250th anniversary of the United States Declaration of Independence. Festivities will mark various events leading up to the Declaration's anniversary on the 250th Independence Day: July 4, 2026.

Official planning for the celebrations began in 2016 with the congressional, non-partisan United States Semiquincentennial Commission. In 2025, President Donald Trump created the White House Task Force on Celebrating America's 250th Birthday to also promote and plan the events. An unofficial "soft launch" of celebrations began with the United States Army 250th Anniversary Parade on June 14, 2025. America250 events formally began on the eve of July 4, 2025.

Citizens Coinage Advisory Committee
The Citizens Coinage Advisory Committee (CCAC) is a federal advisory committee that was established in 2003 to advise the United States Secretary of the Treasury on the themes and designs of all US coinage and medals. The CCAC serves as an informed, experienced and impartial resource to the Secretary of the Treasury and represents the interests of American citizens and collectors.