hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Verziere Column
The Verziere Column (in Italian: Colonna del Verziere) is a baroque-manneristic monumental column  dedicated to "Jesus Christ the Redeemer", in Milan, Italy. The column is located in Largo Augusto and it is named after the "Verziere", the traditional greengrocery street market of Milan that, until 1783, was located in the surrounding district. The construction of the column began in 1580, but it was only completed in 1673.

While the column was originally intended as a votive, religious monument, after the unification of Italy it was repurposed as a monument to commemorate the martyrs who died during the Five Days of Milan. Bronze plaques on the pedestal were added, bearing the names of 354 Milanese that were killed in the riots.

The top of the column has a statue of "Christ the Redemeer" ("Cristo Redentore" in Italian) that was realized by Giuseppe and Gian Battista Vismara, and installed by the Milanese architect Francesco Maria Richini.

Redeemer (Christianity)
Christian theology sometimes refers to Jesus using the title Redeemer or Saviour (alternatively, Savior). This references the salvation he accomplished, and is based on the metaphor of redemption, or "buying back". In the New Testament, redemption can refer both to deliverance from sin and to freedom from captivity.

Although the gospels do not use the title "Redeemer", the idea of redemption occurs in several of Paul's epistles. Leon Morris says that "Paul uses the concept of redemption primarily to speak of the saving significance of the death of Christ."
USS Patuxent (AO-44)
USS Patuxent (AO-44) was a Kennebec-class oiler in the United States Navy during World War II. She was the second U.S. Navy ship named for the Patuxent River in Maryland.

The type T2-A tanker was laid down under Maritime Commission contract (MC hull 159) on 5 March 1942 as SS Emmkay by the Sun Shipbuilding & Drydock Co. (hull number 228) at Chester, Pennsylvania, for the Keystone Co. She was launched on 25 July 1942, sponsored by Mrs. W. H. Blanchard, acquired by the Navy from the Maritime Commission on 28 September 1942, converted by the Maryland Drydock Company, Baltimore, Maryland, and commissioned on 22 October 1942.

Replenishment oiler
A replenishment oiler or replenishment tanker is a naval auxiliary ship with fuel tanks and dry cargo holds which can supply both fuel and dry stores during underway replenishment (UNREP) at sea. Many countries have used replenishment oilers.

The United States Navy's hull classification symbol for this type of ship was 'AOR' (Auxiliary Oil Replenishment). Replenishment oilers are slower and carry fewer dry stores than the US Navy's modern fast combat support ships, which carry the classification 'AOE'. In 2020 the US Navy began to develop a new type of ship, the 'AOL' or light replenishment oiler; construction of the first is planned for 2026.
Célia Aymonier
Célia Aymonier (born 5 August 1991) is a former French cross-country skier and biathlete. She competed as a cross-country skier at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, competing in the skiathlon and the 10 km classical.

Ahead of the 2015–16 season, Aymonier changed sport to biathlon and became a part of the French elite biathlon team. She competed at the 2018 Winter Olympics. She retired after the 2019–20 season.

Cross-country skiing at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Women's 10 kilometre classical
The women's 10 kilometre classical cross-country skiing competition at the 2014 Sochi Olympics took place on 13 February at Laura Biathlon & Ski Complex. Justyna Kowalczyk of Poland won the race after taking a commanding lead early on, then never threatened. Swede Charlotte Kalla won her second silver medal of the 2014 Olympic Games, and Therese Johaug of Norway edged into third place to win the bronze medal.
Montague Gardens, Cape Town
Montague Gardens is an industrial area in the Northern Suburbs region of Cape Town, South Africa. The suburb comprises many warehouses, large format stores, and distribution centers.

As at the South African 2011 census, the area had a population of just 22 residents.

Warehouse
A warehouse is a building for storing goods. Warehouses are used by manufacturers, importers, exporters, wholesalers, transport businesses, customs, etc. They are usually large plain buildings in industrial parks on the outskirts of cities, towns, or villages.

Warehouses usually have loading docks to load and unload goods from trucks. Sometimes warehouses are designed for the loading and unloading of goods directly from railways, airports, or seaports. They often have cranes and forklifts for moving goods, which are usually placed on ISO standard pallets and then loaded into pallet racks. Stored goods can include any raw materials, packing materials, spare parts, components, or finished goods associated with agriculture, manufacturing, and production.

In India and Hong Kong, a warehouse may be referred to as a godown. There are also godowns in the Shanghai Bund.
Earth (historical chemistry)
Earths were defined by the Ancient Greeks as "materials that could not be changed further by the sources of heat then available". Several oxides were thought to be earths, such as aluminum oxide and magnesium oxide. It was not discovered until 1808 that these are not elements but metallic oxides.

Aluminium oxide
Aluminium oxide (or aluminium(III) oxide) is a chemical compound of aluminium and oxygen with the chemical formula Al2O3. It is the most commonly occurring of several aluminium oxides, and specifically identified as aluminium oxide. It is commonly called alumina and may also be called aloxide, aloxite, ALOX or alundum in various forms and applications. Alumina is refined from bauxite. It occurs naturally in its crystalline polymorphic phase α-Al2O3 as the mineral corundum, varieties of which form the precious gemstones ruby and sapphire, which have an alumina content approaching 100%. Al2O3 is used as feedstock to produce aluminium metal, as an abrasive owing to its hardness, and as a refractory material owing to its high melting point.
Punjabi Canadians
Punjabi Canadians are Canadian citizens of Punjabi descent, numbering approximately 950,000 and accounting for roughly 2.6% of Canada's population, as per the 2021 Canadian census. Their heritage originates wholly or partly from the Punjab region of India and Pakistan.

Punjabis first arrived in Canada during the late 19th century to work in the forestry industry. Primarily concentrated in the western province of British Columbia, the Punjabi population initially peaked in 1908 before an ensuing period of population decline and stagnation followed. In the mid 20th century Canadian immigration laws were relaxed, fostering rapid population growth into the present day.

Today, the largest Punjabi communities in Canada are situated in the province of British Columbia, concentrated in Vancouver, and the province of Ontario, particularly in Toronto.

Surrey, British Columbia
Surrey is a city in British Columbia, Canada. It is located south of the Fraser River on the Canada–United States border. It is a member municipality of the Metro Vancouver regional district and metropolitan area. Mainly a suburban city, Surrey is the province's second-largest by population after Vancouver and the third-largest by area after Abbotsford and Prince George. Seven neighbourhoods in Surrey are designated town centres: Cloverdale, Fleetwood, Guildford, Newton, South Surrey, and City Centre encompassed by Whalley.
Amanullah Mirza Jahanbani
Amanullah Mirza Jahanbani (Persian: امان‌الله میرزا جهانبانی, romanized: Amanullah Mirza Jahanbani; 1869, Tehran - 1912, Tabriz) was an Iranian constitutionalist, general, statesman and a prominent prince of the Qajar dynasty. Jahanbani served as the senior officer of the Persian Cossack Brigade from 1885 till 1906, after which he served as a member of the 1st Iranian Majlis. He ultimately became the governor of Tabriz, a title which he held from 1909 until 1912, when the Russian occupation of Tabriz led to his suicide.

Persian Cossack Brigade
The Persian Cossack Brigade, also known as the Iranian Cossack Brigade (Persian: بریگاد قزاق, romanized: Berīgād-e qazzāq), was a Cossack-style cavalry unit formed in 1879 in Iran. It was modelled after the Caucasian Cossack regiments of the Imperial Russian Army. Until 1920, it was commanded by Russian officers, while its rank and file were composed of ethnic Caucasians and later on Iranians as well. During much of the brigade's history it was the most functional and effective military unit of the Qajar dynasty. Acting on occasion as kingmakers, this force played a pivotal role in modern Iranian history during the Persian Constitutional Revolution, the rise of Reza Shah, and the foundation of the Pahlavi dynasty.
Pasmo
Pasmo (Japanese: パスモ, romanized: Pasumo), stylized as PASMO, is a rechargeable contactless smart card electronic money system. It is primarily used for public transport in Tokyo, Japan, where it was introduced on 18 March 2007. Pasmo can also be used as a payment card for vending machines and stores. In 2013, Pasmo became usable in all major cities across Japan as part of the Nationwide Mutual Usage Service.

Pasmo is a development of the Passnet system used by many non-JR railway lines in the Greater Tokyo Area. The system offers interoperability with the JR East Suica system, as well as integrating private bus companies into the former Passnet network.

The technology is based on an RFID technology developed by Sony known as FeliCa. As of April 2009, there are over 11 million cards in circulation.

Sagami Railway
The Sagami Railway Company, Ltd. (相模鉄道株式会社, Sagami tetsudō Kabushikigaisha), or Sōtetsu (相鉄), is a private railway company operating three lines in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of holding company Sōtetsu Holdings, Inc. Sōtetsu Holdings is listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange; 6.58% of it is owned by the Odakyu Electric Railway Company.
Coffee County School District (Georgia)
The Coffee County School District is a public school district in Coffee County, Georgia based in Douglas. It serves the communities of Ambrose, Broxton, Douglas, Nicholls, and West Green. The district is a Charter School System and was recognized as Georgia's Charter System of the Year for 2018. It operates eight elementary schools, one middle school, George Washington Carver Freshman Campus, Coffee High School and the Wiregrass Regional College and Career Academy. The vision of the Coffee County Schools is “Creating a Stronger Community through an Equitable and Excellent Education for Every Student”.

West Green, Georgia
West Green is an unincorporated community in Coffee County, Georgia, United States.  West Green is located along U.S. Route 221 northeast of Douglas and southwest of Lehigh near the Coffee-Jeff Davis County Line.  The ZIP Code for West Green is 31567.
Acrobasis palliolella
Acrobasis palliolella, the mantled acrobasis moth, is a species of snout moth in the genus Acrobasis. It was described by Ragonot in 1887, and is known from Ontario, Canada, and the eastern United States.

The larvae feed on Carya species, including Carya ovata and Carya carolinae-septentrionalis.

Émile Louis Ragonot
Émile Louis Ragonot (12 October 1843 – 13 October 1895) was a French entomologist.  In 1885, he became president of the Société entomologique de France.

He named 301 new genera of butterflies and moths, mostly pyralid moths.

He is also the author of several books:

Diagnoses of North American Phycitidae and Galleriidae (1887) published in Paris

(in French) Nouveaux genres et espèces de Phycitidae & Galleriidae (1888)

(in French) Essai sur une classification des Pyralites (1891-1892)

(in French) Monographie des Phycitinae et des Galleriinae. pp. 1–602 In N.M. Romanoff. Mémoires sur les Lépidoptères. Tome VIII. N.M. Romanoff, Saint-Petersbourg. xli + 602 pp. (1901)

Ragonot's collection can be found in the National Museum of Natural History, Paris, France.
Misra–Gries heavy hitters algorithm
Misra and Gries defined the heavy-hitters problem
(though they did not introduce the term heavy-hitters) and described the first algorithm
for it in the paper Finding repeated elements.  Their algorithm
extends the Boyer-Moore majority finding algorithm
in a significant way.

One version of the heavy-hitters problem is as follows: Given is a
bag b of n elements and an integer k ≥ 2. Find the values that
occur more than n ÷ k times in b. The Misra-Gries algorithm solves
the problem by making two passes over the values in b, while storing
at most k values from b and their number of occurrences during the
course of the algorithm.

Misra-Gries is one of the earliest streaming algorithms,
and it is described below in those terms in section #Summaries.

David Gries
David Gries (born April 26, 1939) is an American computer scientist at Cornell University, mainly known for his books The Science of Programming (1981) and A Logical Approach to Discrete Math (1993, with Fred B. Schneider).

He was associate dean for undergraduate programs at the Cornell University College of Engineering from 2003–2011. His research interests include programming methodology and related areas such as programming languages, related semantics, and logic. His son, Paul Gries, has been a co-author of an introductory textbook to computer programming using the language Python and is a teaching stream professor in the Department of Computer Science at the University of Toronto.
Petrojet SC
Petrojet Sporting Club (Arabic: نادي بتروجيت الرياضي) is an Egyptian sports club based in Suez, Egypt. The club is related to Petrojet, a construction company that specializes in oil, gas and petrochemical industries.

Petrojet is mainly known for its football team, which currently plays in the Egyptian Second Division A, the second-highest league in the Egyptian football league system.

Petrojet was promoted to the Egyptian Premier League for the first time in their history only six years after their foundation, as they were promoted from the Egyptian Second Division during the 2005–06 season.

Egyptian football league system
The Egyptian football league system refers to the hierarchically interconnected league system (league pyramid) for association football in Egypt. All divisions are bound together by the principle of promotion and relegation. The system consists of five levels, with the top two levels being professional league. Below this, the semi-professional and amateur levels that have progressively more parallel divisions, which each cover progressively smaller geographic areas. Teams that finish at the top of their division at the end of each season can rise higher in the pyramid, while those that finish at the bottom find themselves sinking further down. In theory, it is possible for even the lowest local amateur club to rise to the top of the system and become Egyptian football champions one day. The number of teams promoted and relegated between the divisions varies, and can change from a season and another.
Mixed-signal integrated circuit
A mixed-signal integrated circuit is any integrated circuit that has both analog circuits and digital circuits on a single semiconductor die. Their usage has grown dramatically with the increased use of cell phones, telecommunications, portable electronics, and automobiles with electronics and digital sensors.

Die preparation
Die preparation is a step of semiconductor device fabrication during which a wafer is prepared for IC packaging and IC testing. The process of die preparation typically consists of two steps: wafer mounting and wafer dicing.
Technology Centre of New Jersey
The Technology Centre of New Jersey is a  science park in North Brunswick Township, New Jersey, United States, established by the New Jersey Economic Development Authority as a high technology business incubator. It can accommodate individual research and laboratory facilities up to 60,000 square feet (5,600 m2), complete with clean rooms and wet labs.

Wet lab
A wet lab, or experimental lab, is a type of laboratory where it is necessary to handle various types of chemicals and potential "wet" hazards, so the room has to be carefully designed, constructed, and controlled to avoid spillage and contamination.

A dry lab might have large experimental equipment but minimal chemicals, or instruments for analyzing data produced elsewhere.
VSNL Western Europe
VSNL Western Europe (previously TGN Western Europe) is a telecommunications cable system with both submarine and terrestrial parts linking several counties in western Europe.

The cable system is constructed from cables with 4 fibre pairs per cable, and each fibre pair supports 96 10 Gbit/s waves at construction, allowing for a total lit capacity (at construction) of 4 fibre pairs x 96 10 Gbit/s waves = 3,840 Gbit/s.

It has two submarine cables, one with landing points in:

Seixal, District of Setúbal, Portugal

Highbridge, Somerset, United Kingdom

and the other with landing points in

Bilbao, Biscay, Spain

Highbridge, Somerset, United Kingdom

The Seixal and Bilbao landing points are interconnected terrestrially via Lisbon, Portugal and Madrid, Spain. Highbridge is connected via a pair of cables to London, United Kingdom

Cable landing point
A cable landing point is the location where a submarine or other underwater cable makes landfall.  The term is most often used for the landfall points of submarine telecommunications cables and submarine power cables.  The landing will either be direct (in the case of a point-to-point cable system) or via a branch from a main cable using a submarine branching unit. The branch can be several kilometres long.
Vice-Admiral of the United Kingdom
Vice-Admiral of the United Kingdom is an honorary office, which has generally held by a senior (and often retired) Royal Navy admiral. The title holder is the official deputy to the Lord High Admiral, an honorary (although once operational) office which is (as of 2025) vested in the Sovereign.

In former days, the Vice-Admiral of England (or Vice-Admiral of Great Britain following the 1707 union with Scotland) was the second most powerful position in the Royal Navy. The post was for many years held jointly with that of Lieutenant of the Admiralty.

Below the office of Vice-Admiral of the United Kingdom ranks the Rear-Admiral of the United Kingdom, another now honorary office.

Robert Stopford (Royal Navy officer)
Admiral Sir Robert Stopford GCB GCMG (5 February 1768 – 25 June 1847) was a Royal Navy officer and politician whose career spanned over 60 years, from the French Revolutionary Wars to the Egyptian–Ottoman War.
Rage (music genre)
Rage (also known as rage music, rage rap, or rage beats) is a microgenre of trap music that originated in the United States in the late 2010s. Distinguishing features of rage include short, looping, stereo-widened, future bass-influenced synthesizer lead hooks and basic, energetic trap rhythms. Among the pioneers of rage are rappers Playboi Carti, Lil Uzi Vert, Trippie Redd, and XXXTentacion, the latter of whom Trippie Redd has credited as an influence on the genre.

Microgenre
A microgenre is a specialized or niche genre, often used to describe narrowly defined subcategories within music, literature, film, or art.  The term has been in use since at least the 1970s, particularly in the context of music, where it refers to specific stylistic offshoots of prominent genres, such as the many sub-subgenres of heavy metal and electronic music.

Originally, microgenres were labels retroactively applied by record collectors and dealers, often to increase the perceived value of rare or obscure recordings. Early examples include Northern soul, freakbeat, garage punk, and sunshine pop.

By the late 2000s and early 2010s, the creation and dissemination of microgenres had become increasingly associated with internet culture, where online platforms facilitated their rapid emergence, which was often tied to internet aesthetics and online trends. Notable internet-based microgenres include chillwave, witch house, seapunk, shitgaze, dreampunk, and vaporwave.
Clatterford, Isle of Wight
Clatterford is a small village bordering Carisbrooke on the Isle of Wight. It is located in the civil parish of Newport and Carisbrooke, and the ward of Carisbrooke and Gunville. It was the site of the Island's only paper mill, which ran in the 18th century.

Ford (crossing)
A ford is a shallow section of a river or stream where it may be crossed by wading, on horseback, or inside a vehicle. A ford may occur naturally or be constructed. Fords may be impassable during high water. A low-water crossing is a low bridge that allows crossing over a river or stream when water is low but may be treated as a ford when the river is high and water covers the crossing.

The word ford is both a noun (describing the water crossing itself) and a verb (describing the act of crossing a ford).
Secret of the Sphinx
Secret of the Sphinx (Italian: La sfinge sorride prima di morire – Stop Londra) is a 1964 film, directed by Duccio Tessari, which stars Tony Russel, Salah Zulfikar, Maria Perschy, Ivan Desny, and Manuela Kent.

Duccio Tessari
Duccio Tessari (11 October 1926 – 6 September 1994) was an Italian film director, screenwriter and actor, considered one of the fathers of Spaghetti Westerns.

Born in Genoa, Tessari started in the fifties as documentarist and as screenwriter of peplum films. In 1964 he co-wrote Sergio Leone's A Fistful of Dollars, one year later he gained an impressive commercial success and launched the Giuliano Gemma's career with A Pistol for Ringo and its immediate sequel, The Return of Ringo.
In 1975, Tessari launched the most popular and successful European depiction of Zorro, when he directed Zorro starring Alain Delon as the titular masked hero. The movie was a smash hit in Europe, Russia, Japan and China.

He later touched different genres and worked in RAI, directing some successful TV-series. He died of cancer in Rome, at 67. He was married to actress Lorella De Luca.
Priliximab
Priliximab (cMT 412) is a human-mouse chimeric anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody. It has been tested on patients with Crohn's disease and multiple sclerosis but has not yet received U.S. Food and Drug Administration licensing. The patent belongs to the biotechnology company Centocor.

Janssen Pharmaceuticals
Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine (formerly Janssen Pharmaceuticals) is a Belgian pharmaceutical company headquartered in Beerse, Belgium, and wholly owned by Johnson & Johnson. It was founded in 1953 by Paul Janssen.

In 1961, Janssen Pharmaceuticals was purchased by New Jersey–based American corporation Johnson & Johnson, and became part of Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development (J&J PRD), later renamed to Janssen Research and Development, LLC (JRD), which conducts research and development activities related to a wide range of human medical disorders, including mental illness, neurological disorders, anesthesia and analgesia, gastrointestinal disorders, fungal infection, HIV/AIDS, allergies and cancer. Janssen and Ortho-McNeil Pharmaceutical have been placed in the Ortho-McNeil-Janssen group within Johnson & Johnson Company.
Željko Vincek
Željko Vincek (born 16 June 1986) is a Croatian sprinter who specializes in the 400 metres.

He won the bronze medal at the 2003 World Youth Championships, the gold medal at the 2005 European Junior Championships and the silver medal at the 2005 Mediterranean Games He also competed in the 2005 World Championships, the 2006 European Championships and the 2007 European Indoor Championships without reaching the final.

His personal best time is 45.69 seconds, achieved in July 2007 in Debrecen.

2007 European Athletics Indoor Championships
The 2007 European Athletics Indoor Championships were held in the National Indoor Arena (NIA) in Birmingham, England, from Friday, 2 March to Sunday, 4 March 2007. Birmingham also held the 2003 IAAF World Indoor Championships.