hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Paul (Australian politician)
William Henry Paul (11 August 1846 – 21 July 1947) was an Australian politician.

He was born in Richmond to shoemaker Samuel Paul and Betsy Walkham. A saddler by trade, he settled in Bathurst and in 1867 married Elizabeth Bray, with whom he had seven children. His business was successful and he eventually became an auctioneer. In 1889 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as the Free Trade member for Bathurst. He was defeated in 1891. Paul died at Bathurst in 1947.

Free Trade Party
The Free Trade Party (FTP), officially known as the Free Trade and Liberal Association and also referred to as the Revenue Tariff Party in some states, was an Australian political party. It was formally organised in 1887 in New South Wales, in time for the 1887 New South Wales colonial election, which the party won.

The party advocated the abolition of protectionism, especially protective tariffs and other restrictions on trade, arguing that this would create greater prosperity for all. However, many members also advocated use of minimal tariffs for government revenue purposes only. Its most prominent leader was George Reid, who led the Reid government as the fourth Prime Minister of Australia (1904–1905).

In New South Wales, it was succeeded by the Liberal and Reform Association in 1902, and federally by the Anti-Socialist Party in 1906. In 1909, the Anti-Socialist Party merged with the Protectionist Party to form the Liberal Party.
Glenoleon pulchellus
Glenoleon pulchellus is an insect in the order Neuroptera. It is the most common ant lion in Australia. The adult is a weak flyer, though it is well camouflaged at rest. Wings are held to the side of the body. The antennae are somewhat club shaped at the tips, wings are mottled with brown patches.

The larval form is an ambush predator. Eggs are laid in the earth, often in caves or under a rocky ledge. The juvenile creates a small crater shaped trap. The ant lion hides under a light cover of sand or earth. When an ant slides into the trap, the larval ant lion grabs the prey with its powerful jaws. The larvae spins a silken cocoon and pupates in the dry soil, later to emerge as an adult.

Neuroptera
The insect order Neuroptera, from Ancient Greek νεῦρον (neûron), meaning "nerve", and πτερόν (pterón), meaning "wing", also known as net-winged insects, includes the lacewings, mantidflies, antlions, and their relatives. The order consists of some 6,000 species. Neuroptera is grouped together with the Megaloptera (alderflies, fishflies, and dobsonflies) and Raphidioptera (snakeflies) in the unranked taxon Neuropterida (once known as Planipennia).

Adult neuropterans have four membranous wings, all about the same size, with many veins. They have chewing mouthparts, and undergo complete metamorphosis.

Neuropterans first appeared during the Permian period, and continued to diversify through the Mesozoic era. During this time, several unusually large forms evolved, especially in the extinct family Kalligrammatidae, often called "the butterflies of the Jurassic" for their large, patterned wings.
PRDX5
Peroxiredoxin-5 (PRDX5), mitochondrial is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PRDX5 gene, located on chromosome 11.

This gene encodes a member of the six-member peroxiredoxin family of antioxidant enzymes. Like the other five members, PRDX5 is widely expressed in tissues but differs by its large subcellular distribution. In human cells, it has been shown that PRDX5 can be localized to mitochondria, peroxisomes, the cytosol, and the nucleus. Human PRDX5 is identified by virtue of the sequence homologies to yeast peroxisomal antioxidant enzyme PMP20.

Biochemically, PRDX5 is a peroxidase that can use cytosolic or mitochondrial thioredoxins to reduce alkyl hydroperoxides or peroxynitrite with high rate constants in the 106 to 107 M−1s−1 range, whereas its reaction with hydrogen peroxide is more modest, in the 105 M−1s−1 range. So far, PRDX5 has been shown to be a cytoprotective antioxidant enzyme that inhibits endogenous or exogenous peroxide accumulation.

Antioxidant
Antioxidants are compounds that inhibit oxidation, a chemical reaction that can produce free radicals. Autoxidation leads to degradation of organic compounds, including living matter. Antioxidants are frequently added to industrial products, such as polymers, fuels, and lubricants, to extend their usable lifetimes. Foods are also treated with antioxidants to prevent spoilage, in particular the rancidification of oils and fats. In cells, antioxidants such as glutathione, mycothiol, or bacillithiol, and enzyme systems like superoxide dismutase, inhibit damage from oxidative stress.

Dietary antioxidants are vitamins A, C, and E, but the term has also been applied to various compounds that exhibit antioxidant properties in vitro, having little evidence for antioxidant properties in vivo. Dietary supplements marketed as antioxidants have not been shown to maintain health or prevent disease in humans.
St Beuno's Church, Trefdraeth
St Beuno's Church, Trefdraeth is the medieval parish church of Trefdraeth, a hamlet in Anglesey, north Wales.  Although one 19th-century historian recorded that the first church on this location was reportedly established in about 616, no part of any 7th-century structure survives; the oldest parts of the present building date are from the 13th century. Alterations were made in subsequent centuries, but few of them during the 19th century, a time when many other churches in Anglesey were rebuilt or were restored.

St Beuno's is part of the Church in Wales, and its parish is one in a group of four. The church remains in use but as of 2013 there is no parish priest. It is a Grade II* listed building, a national designation for "particularly important buildings of more than special interest", in particular because it is regarded as "an important example of a late Medieval rural church" with an unaltered simple design.

Bell-cot
A bellcote, bell-cote or bell-cot is a small framework and shelter for one or more bells.  Bellcotes are most common in church architecture but are also seen on institutions such as schools. The bellcote may be carried on brackets projecting from a wall or built on the roof of chapels or churches that have no towers. The bellcote often holds the Sanctus bell that is rung at the consecration of the Eucharist.

The bellcote is mentioned throughout history books when referring to older structures and communities. Bromsgrove church: its history and antiquities is one example which goes into depth about the construction and maintenance of the bellcote.  Bellcotes are also discussed in The Wiltshire Archæological and Natural History Magazine, Volume 8 and Proceedings of the Somersetshire Archaeological and Natural ..., Volume 29.

A bell-gable is similar, located at the apex of a gable or building end wall.
Angeles City Council
The Angeles City Council (Kapampangan: Sangguniang Panlungsod ning Angeles) is Angeles City's legislature. It is composed of 12 members, including the Vice Mayor who acts as the Presiding Officer ex officio, 10 elected city councilors from the lone district and two councilors elected from the ranks of barangay (neighborhood) chairmen and the Sangguniang Kabataan (SK; youth councils).

Kapampangan language
Kapampangan, Capampáñgan, or Pampangan, is an Austronesian language, and one of the eight major languages of the Philippines. It is the primary and predominant language of the entire province of Pampanga and southern Tarlac, on the southern part of Luzon's central plains geographic region, where the Kapampangan ethnic group resides. Kapampangan is also spoken in northeastern Bataan, as well as in the provinces of Bulacan, Nueva Ecija, and Zambales that border Pampanga. It is further spoken as a second language by a few Aeta groups in the southern part of Central Luzon. The language is known honorifically as Amánung Sísuan ('breastfed, or nurtured, language').

Kapampangan is assigned the ISO 639-2 three-letter code pam, but not an ISO 639-1 two-letter code.
Clyde Fans
Clyde Fans is a graphic novel (or "picture novel") by Canadian cartoonist Seth.

The story follows two brothers—one outgoing, the other painfully introverted—as they watch their electric fan business go under in the face of competition from the air conditioning industry.

Seth serialized Clyde Fans in issues #10–23 of his comic book Palookaville from 1998 to 2017. The collection Clyde Fans: Part One (collecting issues 10-12) appeared in 2000, but Part Two was never published. Part One and the contents from issues 13-15 were collected in 2004 as Clyde Fans: Book One. Finally, the entire work was published by Drawn & Quarterly on April 16, 2019.

It was longlisted for the Giller Prize in 2020, the first graphic novel to make a Giller nomination list.

Giller Prize
The Giller Prize (formerly known as the Scotiabank Giller Prize from 2005 to 2025) is a literary award given to a Canadian author of a novel or short story collection published in English (including translation) the previous year, after an annual juried competition between publishers who submit entries. The prize was established in 1994 by Toronto businessman Jack Rabinovitch in honour of his late wife Doris Giller, a former literary editor at the Toronto Star, and is awarded in November of each year along with a cash reward (then CAN$25,000) with the winner being presented by the previous year's winning author.

Since its inception, the Giller Prize has been awarded to emerging and established authors from both small independent and large publishing houses in Canada.

In February of 2025, the Giller Prize severed its relationship with Scotiabank, its main sponsor, after more than a year of protests.
Bundesautobahn 226
Bundesautobahn 226 (translates from German as Federal Motorway 226, short form Autobahn 226, abbreviated as BAB 226 or A 226) is an autobahn in Germany. It is a short branch of the A 1 north of Lübeck, sometimes called "Nordtangente Lübeck" ("Lübeck northern tangente"). It connects the A 1 with the Bundesstraße 75, which goes to the Lübeck borough of Travemünde.

Travemünde
Travemünde (German: [tʁaːvəˈmʏndə] ⓘ) is a borough of Lübeck, Germany, located at the mouth of the river Trave in Lübeck Bay. It began life as a fortress built by Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony, in the 12th century to guard the mouth of the Trave, and the Danes subsequently strengthened it. It became a town in 1317 and in 1329 passed into the possession of the free city of Lübeck, to which it has since belonged. Its fortifications were demolished in 1807.

Travemünde has been a seaside resort since 1802, and is Germany's largest ferry port on the Baltic Sea with connections to Sweden, Finland, Russia, Latvia and Estonia. The lighthouse is the oldest on the German Baltic coast, dating from 1539. Another attraction of Travemünde is the Flying P-Liner Passat, a museum ship anchored in the mouth of the Trave.

The annual Travemünder Woche is a traditional sailing race week in Northern Europe. The annual Sand festival in Travemünde is known as the Sand World.
Sick, Sick, Sick
"Sick, Sick, Sick" is a song by American rock band Queens of the Stone Age from their 2007 album Era Vulgaris. It was released as a digital download from the U.S. iTunes Store on May 8, 2007. The song features Julian Casablancas of The Strokes on backing vocals and synth guitar. An EP also called Sick, Sick, Sick was given a limited release, containing the title track and three B-sides: a remix of "I'm Designer" and covers of Tom Waits' "Goin' Out West" and Elliott Smith's "Christian Brothers".

In a May 2007 interview with Dose magazine, frontman Josh Homme stated that the song is "the Fairy God Prince of the Gutter, touching everyone on the head and releasing them from their shackles of guilt".

Dose (magazine)
Dose is a daily Canadian news website and former daily print magazine. It was a mixture of standalone features and coverage of daily news, sometimes from an irreverent perspective. Each daily issue had a theme, and the top margins of every page usually included trivia items related to the theme.
Somió
Somió is a parish (parroquia rural in Spanish) of the municipality of Gijón / Xixón, in Asturias, Spain.

Civil parishes are the legal subdivisions of the municipalities under the current statute of autonomy of Asturias.

Its population was 6,800 in 2001 and 7,441 in 2012.

Somió is a coastal and residential district which borders the municipality of Villaviciosa in the east.

Residential area
A residential area is a land used in which housing predominates, as opposed to industrial and commercial areas.

Housing may vary significantly between, and through, residential areas. These include single-family housing, multi-family residential, or mobile homes. Zoning for residential use may permit some services or work opportunities or may totally exclude business and industry. It may permit high density land use or only permit low density uses.  Residential zoning usually includes a smaller FAR (floor area ratio) than business, commercial or industrial/manufacturing zoning. The area may be large or small.
Tsiklauri
Tsiklauri (Georgian: წიკლაური) is a Georgian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Beka Tsiklauri (born 1989), Georgian rugby union player

Mariam Tsiklauri (born 1960), Georgian poet, children's author and translator

Nino Tsiklauri (born 1993), Georgian alpine skier

Tako Tsiklauri (born 1997), Georgian singer

Nino Tsiklauri
Nino Tsiklauri (Georgian: ნინო წიკლაური, pronounced [nino tsʼikʼlauɾi]; born 1 July 1993) is a Georgian alpine skier. She competed for Georgia at five Winter Olympics and eight World Championships. She was the country's flag bearer at the 2014 and 2022 Winter Olympics.
San Fernando Pastoral Region
The San Fernando Pastoral Region is a pastoral region of the Archdiocese of Los Angeles in the Roman Catholic Church. It covers the San Fernando, Santa Clarita, and Antelope Valleys in the State of California. This area includes neighborhoods in the City of Los Angeles along with other cities and towns. In 1986, Los Angeles Archbishop Roger Mahony divided the archdiocese into five pastoral regions to make church leaders more accessible to parishioners. This pastoral region is divided four deaneries.

As of 2024, the current regional auxiliary bishop is Bishop Albert Bahhuth. The pastoral region has 54 parishes, 12 high schools, 42 elementary schools and one Spanish mission. It does not contain any universities or colleges,  The Catholic hospitals in this region are not operated by the archdiocese.

Antelope Valley
The Antelope Valley is a valley primarily located in northern Los Angeles County, California, United States and the southeast portion of Kern County, and constitutes the western tip of the Mojave Desert. It is situated between the Tehachapi, Sierra Pelona, and the San Gabriel Mountains.  The valley was named for the pronghorns that roamed there until they were all eliminated in the 1880s, mostly by hunting, or resettled in other areas. The principal cities in the Antelope Valley are Palmdale and Lancaster.
Mukesh Verma
Mukesh Verma is an Indian politician and a member of 18th Uttar Pradesh Assembly and also 17th Legislative Assembly of Shikohabad (Assembly constituency), Uttar Pradesh of India. He represents the Firozabad, Ambedkar Nagar constituency of Uttar Pradesh and is a member of Samajwadi Party.

Ambedkar Nagar district
Ambedkar Nagar district is one of the 75 districts of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. This district is a part of Ayodhya division in the Awadh region of the state. This district was established on 29 September 1995 by carving out parts of the erstwhile Faizabad district (now Ayodhya district). It was created by the then Chief Minister Mayawati and named in memory of B. R. Ambedkar, who worked for the advancement of the depressed classes. The total area of Ambedkar Nagar district is 2350 Sq. Km.
Mingei International Museum
Mingei International Museum is a non-profit public institution in Balboa Park in San Diego, California, that collects, conserves and exhibits folk art, craft, and design. The museum was founded in 1974, and its building opened in 1978. The word mingei, meaning 'art of the people,' was coined by the Japanese scholar Dr. Sōetsu Yanagi by combining the Japanese words for all people (min 民) and art (gei 芸).

Yanagi Sōetsu
Yanagi Sōetsu (Japanese: 柳 宗悦; March 21, 1889 – May 3, 1961), also known as Yanagi Muneyoshi, was a Japanese art critic, philosopher, and founder of the mingei (folk craft) movement in Japan in the late 1920s and 1930s.
Parinaud's oculoglandular syndrome
Parinaud's oculoglandular syndrome (POS) is a medical condition characterized by a specific set of symptoms affecting the eye and nearby lymph nodes. Named after the French ophthalmologist Henri Parinaud, it should not be confused with the neurological syndrome caused by a lesion in the midbrain which is also known as Parinaud's syndrome. Both were named after the same person, Henri Parinaud.

Signs and symptoms
Signs and symptoms are diagnostic indications of an illness, injury, or condition. While signs are objective and externally observable, symptoms are a person's reported subjective experiences.

A sign, for example, can be an elevated or lower than normal temperature or blood pressure; or an abnormal finding showing on medical imaging. A symptom is something out of the ordinary that is experienced by an individual such as feeling feverish, a headache or other pains in the body. Symptoms can be a result of the immune system's response to an infection, the physical manifestation of an abnormal body condition, or the effect of a consumed substance. Symptoms, though often indicative of a disease process, are not always diagnostically relevant, and can be idiopathic in nature.
4th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment
The 4th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment was a volunteer infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War, primarily in the western theater. In September 1863, the regiment was mounted and converted to the 4th Wisconsin Cavalry Regiment.

Governor of Wisconsin
The governor of Wisconsin is the head of government of Wisconsin and the commander-in-chief of the state's army and air forces. The governor has a duty to enforce state laws, and the power to either approve or veto bills passed by the Wisconsin Legislature, to convene the legislature, and to grant pardons, except in cases of treason and impeachment.

The 46th and current governor is Tony Evers, a Democrat in his second term. He took office on January 7, 2019. He will not seek re-election in the 2026 election.

The position was first filled by Nelson Dewey on June 7, 1848, the year Wisconsin became a state. Prior to statehood, there were four governors of Wisconsin Territory.
Ortona
Ortona (Abruzzese: Urtónë; Ancient Greek: Ὄρτων, romanized: Órtōn) is a coastal town and municipality of the Province of Chieti in the Italian region of Abruzzo, with some 23,000 inhabitants.

In 1943, Ortona was the site of the bloody Battle of Ortona, known as  "Western Stalingrad". A patron saint of Ortona is Saint Thomas the Apostle (Tommaso), whose relics were brought to Ortona in the 13th century by a sailor and are kept in the Cathedral of Saint Thomas.

Province of Chieti
The province of Chieti (Italian: provincia di Chieti; Abruzzese: pruvìngie de Chjìte) is a province in the Abruzzo region of Italy. Its provincial capital is the city Chieti, which has a population of 50,770 inhabitants. The province has a total population of 387,649 inhabitants as of 2017 and spans an area of 2,599.58 square kilometres (1,003.70 sq mi). The province contains 104 comuni (sg.: comune). Its provincial president is Mario Pupillo.

Chieti's cathedral was first constructed during the 9th century but was reconstructed during the 13th century. The province contains the National Archaeology Museum of Abruzzo, in Italian the Museo Archeologico Nazionale d'Abruzzo, which contains items from the area prior to Roman rule.
Robert Lagace
Robert Lagace (born November 28, 1969) is a Canadian former ice sledge hockey player. He won medals with Team Canada at the 1994 Winter Paralympics and 1998 Winter Paralympics as well Gold at the 2000 World Championships held in Salt Lake City, Utah assisting on the Gold Medal-winning goal in overtime against Norway. He also played in the 2002 Winter Paralympics where the team finished in 4th place.

2002 Winter Paralympics
The 2002 Winter Paralympics, the eighth Paralympic Winter Games, were held in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States, from 7 to 16 March 2002. A total of 416 athletes from 36 nations participated. They were the first Winter Paralympics in the American continent.
These were the first Paralympic Winter Games for Andorra, Chile, China, Croatia, Greece, and Hungary. Ragnhild Myklebust of Norway won five gold medals in skiing and biathlon, becoming the most successful Winter Paralympic athlete of all time with 22 medals, 17 of them gold.
Balagundi, Western Australia
Balagundi is an abandoned town in Western Australia, 20 km east of Kalgoorlie. It is between Kalgoorlie and Bulong in the Goldfields-Esperance region of Western Australia within the City of Kalgoorlie-Boulder.

The town derives its name from a nearby well; it is Aboriginal in origin and its meaning is not known. Following a campaign by the local progress association, the town was gazetted on 26 August 1896.

Gold mining is the main industry in the area, with at least one mine still operating close to the town and further exploration being carried out.

Gold mining
Gold mining is the extraction of gold by mining.

Historically, gold mining from alluvial deposits used manual separation processes, such as gold panning. The expansion of gold mining to ores that are below the surface has led to more complex extraction processes such as pit mining and gold cyanidation. In the 20th and 21st centuries, large corporations produce the vast majority of the gold mined. However, as a result of the increasing value of gold, there are also millions of small, artisanal miners in many parts of the Global South.

As with all mining, human rights and environmental issues are important issues in the gold mining industry, and can result in environmental conflict. In mines with less regulation, health and safety risks are much higher.
Mitchell Thomashow
Mitchell S. Thomashow is a writer, educator, and environmentalist focused on innovations in sustainability and environmental learning.

Thomashow is the author of essays in environmental and education anthologies, including as co-founder of Whole Terrain: The Journal of Reflective Environmentalism and Hawk and Handsaw: The Journal of Creative Sustainability.

Thomashow was the chair of the Environmental Studies program at Antioch University from 1976 to 2006 and the president of Unity College in Maine from 2006 to 2011. From 2011 to 2015, he was the director of the Presidential Fellows Program at Second Nature, a US-based organization that works with post-secondary institutions on sustainability teaching.

From 2011 to 2018, Thomashow consulted with colleges and universities on both sustainability and environmental studies curriculum and programs. He has held fellowships at Second Nature in Boston and Philanthropy Northwest in Seattle.

Antioch University New England
Antioch University New England is a private graduate school located in Keene, New Hampshire, United States. It is part of the Antioch University system, a private, non-profit, 501(c)(3) institution that includes campuses in Seattle, Washington; Los Angeles, California; and Santa Barbara, California. It is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission. The most well-known campus was Antioch College in Yellow Springs, Ohio, which is now independent of the Antioch University system.