hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hyparrhenia hirta
Hyparrhenia hirta is a species of grass known by the common names common thatching grass and Coolatai grass. It is native to much of Africa and Eurasia, and it is known on other continents as an introduced species. In eastern Australia it is a tenacious noxious weed. In South Africa, where it is native, it is very common and one of the most widely used thatching grasses. It is also used for grazing livestock and weaving mats and baskets.

This is a perennial grass forming clumps 30 centimetres to one metre tall with tough, dense bases sprouting from rhizomes. The inflorescence atop the wiry stem is a panicle of hairy spikelets with bent awns up to 3.5 centimetres long. The grass can grow in a variety of habitat types, in dry conditions, heavy, rocky, eroded soils, and disturbed areas.

Awn (botany)
An awn is a hairy or bristle-like growth on a plant.

On the seeds of grasses such as barley or rye, they form foxtails which assist seed dispersal by being barbed and so sticking to passing animals.  Also, the awns may twist or curl as they are wetted and dry out and this action can make fallen seeds walk until they fall into a crevice into which they then burrow.

Besides grasses, other families of plants which have awns include Asteraceae such as sunflowers and Geraniaceae such as geraniums.  In the latter, the awns help disperse the seeds by developing a tension which then catapults the seeds when the seed head ripens and dries out.
Supaham
Supaham (born 13 February 1979 in Surabaya, East Java) is an Indonesian former footballer who plays as a forward. He usually plays as striker and is 170 cm tall. He kind of type player who like adventure or travelling from one football club to other many football club. During last 8 years he was playing for 9 clubs. Persebaya Surabaya, Persekabpas Pasuruan, Persija Jakarta, and Bhayangkara are elite football clubs which he providing ever. From all football clubs he provided, he never them to top or peak performance.

Persija Jakarta
Persatuan Sepakbola Indonesia Jakarta (lit. 'Indonesian Football Association of Jakarta'), abbreviated as Persija (Indonesian pronunciation: [pərsidʒa]), is an Indonesian professional football club based in the Indonesian capital city of Jakarta. Persija Jakarta is one of the most successful football clubs in Indonesia with 2 Indonesian League titles and 9 Perserikatan titles. It has never been in a lower league since a nationwide competition started in 1930. Persija is one of the founders of the Indonesian football association PSSI, along with six other clubs. Persija's rivalry with fellow PSSI founder Persib Bandung, referred to as the Derbi Indonesia, has gone on for decades, occasionally marred by violence.

The club is associated with a women's team and a U-20 team.
Ken Bernich
Kenneth Overton Bernich (born September 6, 1951) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker for the New York Jets of the National Football League (NFL). He graduated from Archbishop Shaw High School in Marrero, Louisiana. Bernich played college football for the Auburn Tigers, earning consensus All-American honors in 1974. He was selected by the San Diego Chargers in the fourth round (101st overall pick) of the 1975 NFL draft. He played for the Jets in 1975.

After playing pro football, he became a high school football coach and a member of the All-Sports Association in Fort Walton Beach, Florida.

1975 NFL draft
The 1975 NFL draft was held January 28–29, 1975, at the New York Hilton at Rockefeller Center in New York City, New York. With the first overall pick of the draft, the Atlanta Falcons selected quarterback Steve Bartkowski.
Oil Sands Karaoke
Oil Sands Karaoke is a 2013 feature documentary film directed by Charles Wilkinson. The film follows five people working in or around the infamous Athabasca oil sands of Northern Alberta as they compete in a karaoke contest held at local watering hole Bailey's Pub. The film was produced by Wilkinson and Tina Schliessler, and executive produced by Kevin Eastwood and Knowledge Network's Murray Battle.

Northern Alberta
Northern Alberta is a geographic region located in the Canadian province of Alberta.

An informally defined cultural region, the boundaries of Northern Alberta are not fixed. Under some schemes, the region encompasses everything north of the centre of the Calgary–Edmonton Corridor, including most of the province's landmass as well as its capital, Edmonton. Other schemes place Edmonton and its surrounding farmland in Central Alberta, limiting Northern Alberta to the northern half of the province, where forestry, oil, and gas are the dominant industries.

Its primary industry is oil and gas, with large heavy oil reserves being exploited at the Athabasca oil sands and Wabasca area in the east of the region. Natural gas is extracted in Peace region and Chinchaga-Rainbow areas in the west, and forestry and logging are also developed in the boreal forests of this region. As of 2023, the region had a population of approximately 374,572.
Tresfjord Church
Tresfjord Church (Norwegian: Tresfjord kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Vestnes Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is located in the village of Tresfjord. It is the church for the Tresfjord parish, which is part of the Indre Romsdal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Møre. The white, wooden church was built in an octagonal style in 1828 using plans drawn up by the architect and master builder Erik Kroken. The church seats about 220 people.

The King and Queen of Norway visited the church in 2003.

Møre og Romsdal
Møre og Romsdal (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈmø̂ːrə ɔ ˈrʊ̀msdɑːɫ] ⓘ; English: Møre and Romsdal) is a county in the northernmost part of Western Norway. It borders the counties of Trøndelag, Innlandet, and Vestland. The county administration is located in the town of Molde, while Ålesund is the largest town. The county is governed by the Møre og Romsdal County Municipality which includes an elected county council and a county mayor. The national government is represented by the county governor.
Josh Stenberg
Josh Stenberg is an Australian and Canadian translator, writer, and scholar. He is an associate professor of Chinese at the University of Sydney.

His translation of the poet Jiang Tao's For a Splendid Sunny Apocalypse was shortlisted for the Medal for Excellence in Translation, the New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards and the Sarah Maguire Prize for Poetry in Translation.

Of his poetry collection Nibs & Nubs, Jean Kent writes "It is a book to read slowly, with awe for its poetic audacity and skill, and gratitude for its sharing of a gamut of emotion from grief to grace."

In China, he is known for his promotion and translation of Kunqu and Liyuan opera.

Jiang Tao (poet)
Jiang Tao 姜濤 (b. 1970 in Tianjin) is a Chinese poet and Professor of Chinese at Peking University.

He studied biomedical engineering at Tsinghua University, working on student poetry publications, before moving to Peking University to study literature.

He has produced numerous collections of poetry, literary history, and textbooks.
Satyagraha
Satyāgraha or "truth force", is a particular form of nonviolent resistance or civil resistance. Someone who practises satyagraha is a satyagrahi.

The term satyagraha was coined and developed by Mahatma Gandhi (1869–1948) as early as 1919.
Gandhi practised satyagraha as part of the Indian independence movement and also during his earlier struggles in South Africa for Indian rights. Satyagraha theory influenced Martin Luther King Jr.'s and James Bevel's campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement in the United States, as well as Nelson Mandela's struggle against apartheid in South Africa and many other social-justice and similar movements.

Indian South Africans
Indian South Africans are South Africans who descend from indentured labourers and free migrants who arrived from British India during the late 1800s and early 1900s. The majority live in and around the city of Durban, making it one of the largest ethnically Indian-populated cities outside of India.

As a consequence of the policies of apartheid, Indian (synonymous with Asian) is regarded as a race group in South Africa.
Mostafa Malekian
Mostafa Malekian (Persian: مصطفی ملکیان; born 1 June 1956 in Shahreza) is a prominent Iranian philosopher, thinker, translator and editor. He is working on a project called Rationality and Spirituality. His most important book, that is about spirituality and wisdom, is A Way to Freedom.

Malekian was formerly a professor of philosophy at Tehran University and Tarbiat Modares University.

Shahreza
Shahreza (Persian: شهرضا) is a city in the Central District of Shahreza County, Isfahan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. Shahreza was selected as the "National City of Pottery"  in 1997. The reason for this choice was the high skill of the artists and the unique soil of this city.
Legislative districts of Misamis Occidental
The legislative districts of Misamis Occidental are the representations of the province of Misamis Occidental in the various national legislatures of the Philippines. The province is currently represented in the lower house of the Congress of the Philippines through its first and second congressional districts.

Ozamiz
Ozamiz, officially the City of Ozamiz (Cebuano: Dakbayan sa Ozamiz; Filipino: Lungsod ng Ozamiz), is a component city in the province of Misamis Occidental, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 143,620 people making it the most populous city in Misamis Occidental.

Although occasionally spelled as Ozamis in official sources like COMELEC, it is spelled as Ozamiz in Republic Act No. 321, also known as the Ozamiz City Charter Act. In 2005, City Resolution 251-05 was passed to reiterate that it is officially spelled Ozamiz, not Ozamis.
Trolleybuses in Petrozavodsk
The Petrozavodsk trolleybus system is the only existing trolleybus system in the Republic of Karelia of the Russian Federation and is one of the northern most trolleybus systems in the world. It is operated by the city-owned public transportation company "Gorodskoy Transport". As of April 2023, the network consisted of 6 lines, with 41 operational trolleybuses and 24 in storage.

Trolleybus
A trolleybus (also known as trolley bus, trolley coach, trackless trolley, trackless tram (in the 1910s and 1920s), road tram or simply trolley) is an electric bus that draws power from dual overhead lines (generally suspended from roadside posts) using spring-loaded or pneumatically raised trolley poles. Two wires, and two trolley poles, are required to complete the electrical circuit. This differs from a tram or streetcar, which normally uses the track as the return path, needing only one wire and one pole (or pantograph). They are also distinct from other kinds of electric buses, which usually rely on batteries. Power is most commonly supplied as 600-volt direct current in older systems and 750-volts in newer systems, but there are exceptions.

Currently, around 300 trolleybus systems are in operation, in cities and towns in 43 countries. Altogether, more than 800 trolleybus systems have existed, but not more than about 400 concurrently.
The Silver Jubilee Album
The Silver Jubilee Album is a compilation album credited to Judith Durham and The Seekers. It celebrates the 25th anniversary of the band's final performance in 1968.
"Keep A Dream In Your Pocket" and "One World Love" are new tracks recorded in December 1992. All other tracks were recorded between 1964 and 1968.

Keith Potger
Keith Leon Potger AO (born 21 March 1941) is an Australian musician, who was a founding member of the Australian folk-pop group the Seekers. He was born in Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) and is of Burgher descent. In 1969, Potger and his business partner, David Joseph, co-founded the contemporary English pop group the New Seekers. Potger also records and performs as a solo artist.

In September 2014, along with his colleagues in the Seekers, Potger was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO).
USS Salem (CM-11)
USS Salem (CM-11) was a commercial cargo ship, that served as a minelayer and then net laying ship of the United States Navy during World War II.

The ship was built in 1916 by William Cramp & Sons, Philadelphia, as SS Joseph R. Parrott; was acquired by the U.S. Navy on 8 June 1942 from the Maritime Commission; and commissioned on 9 August 1942.

Minelayer
A minelayer is any warship, submarine, military aircraft or land vehicle deploying explosive mines. Since World War I the term "minelayer" refers specifically to a naval ship used for deploying naval mines. "Mine planting" was the term for installing controlled mines at predetermined positions in connection with coastal fortifications or harbor approaches that would be detonated by shore control when a ship was fixed as being within the mine's effective range.

An army's special-purpose combat engineering vehicles used to lay landmines are sometimes called "minelayers".
Eurovision Asia Song Contest
Eurovision Asia Song Contest is a proposed international song competition modeled after the Eurovision Song Contest, in which countries of the Asia-Pacific region would compete. The first contest, planned for 2019, was in the hands of the Australian broadcaster Special Broadcasting Service (SBS), which developed it with Blink TV and the European Broadcasting Union. SBS shelved the project in 2021, and no further updates were made until 2025, when a Bhutanese national selection titled Druk Dra prompted Martin Green, director of the Eurovision Song Contest, to issue a statement clarifying that no plans have been confirmed to date for an adaptation in Asia.

Music competition
A music competition is a public event designed to identify and award outstanding musical ensembles, soloists, composers, conductors, musicologists or compositions. Pop music competitions are music competitions which are held to find pop starlets.

Examples of music competitions in popular music include the Eurovision Song Contest, the Sanremo Music Festival, Open Mic UK, the All-Japan Band Association annual contest, Live and Unsigned, and American Idol.
Hugh White (RAF officer)
Air Vice-Marshal Hugh Granville White, CB, CBE, MIMechE (1 March 1898 – 23 September 1983) was a Royal Air Force air officer. He was a First World War flying ace credited with seven aerial victories, and later went on to serve throughout the Second World War, finally retiring in 1955.

Air officer
An air officer is an air force officer of the rank of air commodore or higher. Such officers may be termed "officers of air rank". While the term originated in the Royal Air Force, air officers are also to be found in many Commonwealth nations who have a similar rank structure to the RAF.

Air officers holding command appointments receive the title Air Officer Commanding (AOC), whereas air officers holding commander-in-chief positions are titled as Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief (AOC-in-C).
Jennifer Conrad
Jennifer Conrad is an American economist currently the Dalton McMichael Distinguished Professor of Finance at Kenan-Flagler Business School. Her current interests are investments and credit default swaps-equity market relationships and high-frequency trading analysis, and previously investment patterns.

UNC Kenan–Flagler Business School
The UNC Kenan–Flagler Business School is the business school of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, a public university in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. Founded in 1919, the school was renamed to its current name in 1991 in honor of Mary Lily Kenan and her husband, Henry Flagler.

The school offers programs for granting a bachelor of science in business administration, a master of business administration, an executive MBA, a master of accounting, a doctor of philosophy, a business certificate, and executive education programs. It is accredited by the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business.
Pass (software)
pass is a password manager inspired by the Unix philosophy. It has a command-line interface, and uses GnuPG for encryption and decryption of stored passwords.

The passwords are encrypted and stored in separate files, and can be organized via the operating system's filesystem. A password file can contain additional text, such as the username, the email address, comments, or anything the user would like, since the password files are nothing more than encrypted text files.

There are several graphical user interfaces (GUIs) available, such as QtPass for Linux/Windows/MacOS or Password Store for Android operating systems. A syncing system is not implemented, but syncing can be achieved by using the Git version control system. The built in Git functionality also allows for automated version history tracking of the password store.

Version control
Version control (also known as revision control, source control, and source code management) is the software engineering practice of controlling, organizing, and tracking different versions in history of computer files – primarily source code text files, but generally any type of file.

Version control is a component of software configuration management.

A version control system is a software tool that automates version control. Alternatively, version control is embedded as a feature of some systems such as word processors, spreadsheets, collaborative web docs, and content management systems, such as Wikipedia's page history.

Version control includes options to view old versions and to revert a file to a previous version.
Drumaroad
Drumaroad is a townland and village in County Down, Northern Ireland. Positioned at the base of Slieve Croob, beneath the Mourne Mountains, it is approximately eight kilometres south of Ballynahinch, Northern Ireland. The area is situated within the electoral division of Seaforde, part of the civil parish of Loughinisland in the barony of Kinelarty.
A ridge runs along the eastern bank of the Moneycarragh River, traversed by a road connecting Dundrum to Dromara. Another road from Ballynahinch to Castlewellan passes closer to the village within the townland, potentially being the road referenced in the name of this townland.

Kinelarty
Kinelarty (from Irish  Cineál Fhaghartaigh 'Faghartach's kindred') is a former Irish district and barony in County Down, Northern Ireland. It lies east of the centre of the county, and is bordered by five other baronies: Iveagh Upper, Lower Half to the west; Lecale Upper to the south and south-east; Lecale Lower to the east; Castlereagh Upper to the north; and Iveagh Lower, Upper Half to the north-west.

It is centred historically on the ancient church at Loughinisland.
Zeke Jones
Larry Lee "Zeke" Jones (born December 2, 1966) is an American wrestler and coach. He won a silver medal at the 1992 Summer Olympics, won a world championship in 1991, and was the former freestyle head coach of USA Wrestling. He is currently the head coach of the Arizona State University wrestling team.

USA Wrestling
USA Wrestling (formerly known as the United States Wrestling Federation and as the United States Wrestling Association) is the organization that currently governs freestyle wrestling and Greco-Roman wrestling in the United States. USA Wrestling is also the official representative to the United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee (USOPC) and to United World Wrestling (UWW) and is considered the national governing body of the sport at the competitive level.
Anoka Metro Regional Treatment Center
Anoka-Metro Regional Treatment Center (AMRTC), located in Anoka, Minnesota, the county seat of Anoka County, provides inpatient and transitional services to patients with severe mental illness from the Twin Cities metropolitan area (Anoka, Carver, Dakota, Hennepin, Ramsey, Scott, Sherburne and Washington County).
Due to overcrowding, some patients will be transferred to St. Peter's Regional Treatment Center; This is done by random selection upon intake.

The facility was previously the Anoka Asylum and in 1937 the name was changed to the Anoka State Hospital. The hospital provided care for mentally ill men starting in 1900 and for women in 1906. As a hospital for the mentally ill, until 1999, it housed thousands of patients, both male and female. It was once again renamed in 1985 to the current name.

Washington County, Minnesota
Washington County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 267,568, making it the fifth-most populous county in Minnesota. Its county seat is Stillwater. The largest city in the county is Woodbury, the seventh-largest city in Minnesota and the third-largest Twin Cities suburb. Washington County is included in the Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Ball and Chain (XTC song)
"Ball and Chain" is a song written by Colin Moulding of XTC for their 1982 album English Settlement. It was issued as the second single from the album on 26 February 1982, following the success of the band's biggest hit "Senses Working Overtime". The single reached No. 58 in the UK Singles Chart.

Hugh Padgham
Hugh Charles Padgham (/ˌpædʒɛm/; born 15 February 1955) is an English record producer and audio engineer. He has won four Grammy Awards, for Producer of the Year and Album of the Year for 1985, Record of the Year for 1990, and Engineer of the Year for 1993. Padgham's co-productions include hits by Phil Collins, XTC, Genesis, the Human League, Sting, and the Police. He pioneered (with Peter Gabriel and producer Steve Lillywhite) the "gated reverb" drum sound used most famously in Collins' song "In the Air Tonight".
Anilocra pomacentri
Anilocra pomacentri is a species of marine isopod in the family Cymothoidae. It is found off the coast of eastern Australia and is an external parasite of the yellowback puller (Chromis nitida), a species of damselfish. The presence of the parasite on a fish causes a significant slowing of the growth rate and an increased mortality.

Peracarida
The superorder Peracarida is a large group of malacostracan crustaceans, having members in marine, freshwater, and terrestrial habitats. They are chiefly defined by the presence of a marsupium (the "brood pouch"), formed from thin flattened plates (oostegites) borne on the basalmost segments of the legs.

Peracarida is one of the largest crustacean taxa and includes about 12,000 species. Most members are less than 2 cm (0.8 in) in length, but the largest can be quite sizeable, such as the giant isopod Bathynomus giganteus which can reach 76 cm (30 in) in length, and the giant amphipod Alicella gigantea (34 cm (13 in) long). The earliest known peracaridian was Oxyuropoda ligioides, a fossil taxon dated to the Late Devonian of Ireland (more than 360 mya).
Bukoviḱ (mountain)
Bukoviḱ (Macedonian: Буковиќ, Albanian: Bukoçi) is a small mountain situated in the south-east of the city of Gostivar, North Macedonia. The nearest settlements are Dolna Ǵonovica, Srbinovo, Simnica and Padalište.

It is located between the Polog Valley in the north, the Kichevo Valley in the south, the Bistra Mountain in the west and the Dobra Voda massif, i.e. Čeloica in the east. The mountain, which has a surface area of just 79 km2 (31 sq mi), is occasionally referred to as being a part of the Suva Gora massif.

Polog
Polog (Macedonian: Полог, romanized: Polog; Albanian: Pollog), also known as the Polog Valley (Macedonian: Полошка Котлина, romanized: Pološka Kotlina; Albanian: Lugina e Pollogut) is located in the north-western part of North Macedonia, near the border with Kosovo.

It is divided into Upper Polog (Macedonian: Горен Полог; Albanian: Pollogu i Epërm) and Lower Polog (Macedonian: Долен Полог; Albanian: Pollogu i Poshtëm). Tetovo and Gostivar are the largest populated towns in this valley and Albanians form an ethnic majority in the region.

Polog Statistical Region is named after the valley.