hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Leila Gyenesei
Leila Gyenesei (born 22 April 1986) is a Hungarian modern pentathlete and cross-country skier. She is a five-time medalist at the World Championships, and is currently ranked no. 19 in the world by the Union Internationale de Pentathlon Moderne (UIPM).
She is also the daughter of István Gyenesei, former Minister of Local Government and chairman of the Association for Somogy party.

World Modern Pentathlon Championships
The UIPM World Modern Pentathlon Championships (for Seniors) is an annual global international competition in modern pentathlon. It was first held in 1949 under the organization of the International Modern Pentathlon Union (UIPM).
2020 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 2020.

Residue (chemistry)
In chemistry, residue is whatever remains or acts as a contaminant after a given class of events. Residue may be the material remaining after a process of preparation, separation, or purification, such as distillation, evaporation, or filtration. It may also denote the undesired by-products of a chemical reaction.

Residues as an undesired by-product are a concern in agricultural and food industries.
Telita, Tasmania
Telita is a rural locality in the local government area (LGA) of Dorset in the North-east LGA region of Tasmania. The locality is about 33 kilometres (21 mi) east of the town of Scottsdale. The 2016 census recorded a population of 22 for the state suburb of Telita.

Local government areas of Tasmania
The councils of Tasmania are the 29 local administrative units of the Australian state of Tasmania. Local government areas (LGAs), more generally known as councils, are the tier of government responsible for the management of local duties such as road maintenance, town planning and waste management.
Arderin
Arderin (Irish: Ard Éireann, meaning 'Ireland's height') is a mountain on the border between counties Laois and Offaly in Ireland. With a height of 527 metres (1,729 ft) it is the highest point in the Slieve Bloom Mountains, and is the highest point in both counties.

An Arderin is also a descriptive word for a specific category of Irish mountains in the series of lists maintained by Irish mountain database, MountainViews; those over 500m with a prominence of at least 30m. This list, along with other complementary ones, has been published in book form by Collins Press. Mountainviews.ie classifies a mountain as being above 500m, but also maintains a number of lists of hills below this threshold.

County Laois
County Laois (/liːʃ/ LEESH; Irish: Contae Laoise) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Eastern and Midland Region and in the province of Leinster. It was known as Queen's County from 1556 to 1922. The modern county takes its name from Loígis, a medieval kingdom. Historically, it has also been known as County Leix.

Laois County Council is the local authority for the county, and is based in Portlaoise.

At the 2022 census, the population of the county was 91,657, an increase of 56% since the 2002 census.
Newtownabbey Area D
Newtownabbey Area D was one of the four district electoral areas in Newtownabbey, Northern Ireland which existed from 1973 to 1985. The district elected five members to Newtownabbey Borough Council, and formed part of the South Antrim constituencies for the Northern Ireland Assembly and UK Parliament.

It was created for the 1973 local elections, and contained the wards of Ballyhenry, Glengormley, Mossgrove, Mossley and Whitewell. It was abolished for the 1985 local elections and replaced by the Antrim Line DEA and the Manse Road DEA.

South Antrim (UK Parliament constituency)
South Antrim is a parliamentary constituency in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom. The current MP is Robin Swann of the Ulster Unionist Party (UUP), first elected in the 2024 general election.
2013 UCI Oceania Tour
The 2013 UCI Oceania Tour was the ninth season of the UCI Oceania Tour. The season began on 23 January 2013 with the New Zealand Cycle Classic and ended on 17 March 2013 with the Oceania Cycling Championships.

The points leader, based on the cumulative results of previous races, wears the UCI Oceania Tour cycling jersey. Paul Odlin from New Zealand was the defending 2011–12 UCI Oceania Tour champion. Damien Howson from Australia was crowned as the 2013 UCI Oceania Tour champion.

Throughout the season, points are awarded to the top finishers of stages within stage races and the final general classification standings of each of the stages races and one-day events. The quality and complexity of a race also determines how many points are awarded to the top finishers, the higher the UCI rating of a race, the more points are awarded.
The UCI ratings from highest to lowest are as follows:

Multi-day events: 2.HC, 2.1 and 2.2

One-day events: 1.HC, 1.1 and 1.2

Paul Odlin
Paul Odlin (born 19 September 1978) is a New Zealand professional racing cyclist, best known for winning the 2012 New Zealand national championship in the individual time trial. Odlin currently runs the coaching business Odlin Cycle Coaching, helping New Zealand cyclists gain success.
Miguel Méndez
Miguel Méndez (June 15, 1930 – May 31, 2013) was the pen name for Miguel Méndez Morales, a Mexican American author best known for his novel Peregrinos de Aztlán (Pilgrims in Aztlán). He was a leading figure in the field of Chicano literature.

California Ethnic and Multicultural Archives
California Ethnic and Multicultural Archives (CEMA) is an archival institution that houses collections of primary source documents from the history of minority ethnic groups in California. The documents, which include manuscripts, slide photographs, newspaper clippings, works of art, journals, film, sound recordings, and other ephemera, are housed in the special collections department of the UCSB Libraries at the University of California, Santa Barbara, where they are made accessible to researchers upon request. An effort is currently underway to make certain documents available online through the Online Archive of California.
A Penguin Year
A Penguin Year is a 1981 children's non-fiction book written and illustrated by Susan Bonners. The book covers one year in the lives of Adélie penguins in Antarctica. The book won the National Book Award for Young People's Literature in the non-fiction category in 1982.

Children's non-fiction literature
Children's non-fiction literature (also called informational) is non-fiction written as children's literature, educating a young (typically pre-teen) audience about the world while oftentimes also seeking to entertain them in the process.

Generally books of this genre feature simpler words and ideas, as well as pictures. It is, however, a very broad genre, involving several of the same topics that can be encountered in normal nonfiction, including biographies, diaries, encyclopedias, handbooks, history and more of the like.
Orocovis Sign Language
Orocovis Sign Language (LSOR; Spanish: Lengua de Señas de Orocovis) is a village sign language native to Orocovis, Puerto Rico. Distinct from both the Puerto Rican dialect of American Sign Language (ASL) and Puerto Rican Sign Language (PRSL), LSOR is a language shared by both deaf and hearing members of the community (like Martha's Vineyard Sign Language). It is spoken by about 25 to 50 mostly Afro-Caribbean families in the inland town. Many in Orocivis are bilingual in PRSL and LSOR.

Deafness
Deafness has varying definitions in cultural and medical contexts. In medical contexts, the meaning of deafness is hearing loss that precludes a person from understanding spoken language, an audiological condition. In this context it is written with a lower case d. It later came to be used in a cultural context to refer to those who primarily communicate with a deafness aid or through sign language regardless of hearing ability, often capitalized as Deaf and referred to as "big D Deaf" in speech and sign. The two definitions overlap but are not identical, as hearing loss includes cases that are not severe enough to impact spoken language comprehension, while cultural Deafness includes hearing people who use sign language, such as children of deaf adults.
Mannina Maga
Mannina Maga (pronunciationⓘ transl. Son of the soil) is a 1968 Indian Kannada-language drama film directed by Geethapriya marking his debut as a solo in film-direction. The film stars Rajkumar, Kalpana and Jayakumari. Produced by Sudarshan Movies banner and written by Geethapriya, the film received rave reviews and went on to win National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Kannada and ran for more than 100 days in cinema halls.

Bangalore Mirror had reported that the attitude of the heroine of rejecting the city for a village life was rare, an affirmation of the possibility or, the difficulty, of sustaining community life in a city is more common.

Bangalore Mirror
Bangalore Mirror is an English-language daily published by The Times Group in Bangalore, India, as a compact newspaper. It is a deputed newspaper and is the second-largest circulating English daily in the city. In 2020, as part of its COVID-19 downsizing drive, The Times Group merged other editions of Mirror into a weekly affair, except Bangalore Mirror. Bangalore Mirror continues to be the leading daily catering to the tabloid/compact newspaper segment in the young metropolis, focusing largely on original stories that matter to Bengaluru, and its young urban population.
4-Dimethylaminopyridine
4-Dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) is a derivative of pyridine with the chemical formula (CH3)2NC5H4N.  This white solid is of interest because it is more basic than pyridine, owing to the resonance stabilisation from the NMe2 substituent.

Because of its basicity, DMAP is a useful nucleophilic catalyst for a variety of reactions such as esterifications with anhydrides, the Baylis-Hillman reaction, hydrosilylations, tritylation, the Steglich rearrangement, Staudinger synthesis of β-lactams and many more. DMAP analogues are used in kinetic resolution experiments of mainly secondary alcohols and Evans auxiliary type amides.

Resonance (chemistry)
In chemistry, resonance, also called mesomerism, is a way of describing bonding in certain molecules or polyatomic ions by the combination of several contributing structures (or forms, also variously known as resonance structures or canonical structures) into a resonance hybrid (or hybrid structure) in valence bond theory. It has particular value for analyzing delocalized electrons where the bonding cannot be expressed by one single Lewis structure. The resonance hybrid is the accurate structure for a molecule or ion; it is an average of the theoretical (or hypothetical) contributing structures.
Application of CFD in thermal power plants
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) are used to understand complex thermal flow regimes in power plants. The thermal power plant may be divided into different subsectors and the CFD analysis applied to critical equipment/components - mainly different types of heat exchangers - which are of crucial significance for efficient and trouble free long-term operation of the plant.

Heat exchanger
A heat exchanger is a system used to transfer heat between a source and a working fluid. Heat exchangers are used in both cooling and heating processes. The fluids may be separated by a solid wall to prevent mixing or they may be in direct contact. They are widely used in space heating, refrigeration, air conditioning, power stations, chemical plants, petrochemical plants, petroleum refineries, natural-gas processing, and sewage treatment. The classic example of a heat exchanger is found in an internal combustion engine in which a circulating fluid known as engine coolant flows through radiator coils and air flows past the coils, which cools the coolant and heats the incoming air. Another example is the heat sink, which is a passive heat exchanger that transfers the heat generated by an electronic or a mechanical device to a fluid medium, often air or a liquid coolant.
Robert Hart Logan
Robert Hart Logan (1772 – 13 April 1838) was a Canadian politician, active in England.

Born in Canada, to a Scottish family, Logan was educated in Montreal.  He travelled as part of a delegation to the British government, to provide information on Canada, and to petition for the union of the Canadian provinces.  He married an English woman, Nancy Service, and purchased Kentwell Hall in Suffolk.  He commissioned Thomas Hopper to remodel the house's interior in the Gothic style.

Logan served as a magistrate and a deputy-lieutenant for Suffolk, and in 1828 he was High Sheriff of Suffolk.  At the 1835 UK general election, he stood unsuccessfully for the Conservative Party in the Western Division of Suffolk.  He stood again in the 1837 UK general election, on this occasion winning a seat.  He served until his death, the following year.

1837 United Kingdom general election
The 1837 United Kingdom general election was held from 24 July to 18 August 1837, following the death of King William IV and the accession of Queen Victoria. The election saw the Whigs secure their fourth consecutive victory, though the Conservatives, led by Robert Peel, continued to gain ground.

The election marked the last time that a Parliament was dissolved as a result of the demise of the Crown. The dissolution of Parliament six months after a demise of the Crown, as provided for by the Succession to the Crown Act 1707, was abolished by the Reform Act 1867.
Canton of Vouneuil-sous-Biard
The canton of Vouneuil-sous-Biard is an administrative division of the Vienne department, western France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Vouneuil-sous-Biard.

It consists of the following communes:

Vienne (department)
Vienne (French pronunciation: [vjɛn] ⓘ vyen; Poitevin-Saintongeais: Viéne) is a landlocked department in the French region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. It takes its name from the river Vienne. It had a population of 438,435 in 2019.
Common green frog
The common green frog (Hylarana erythraea) is a frog species of in the true frog family Ranidae; some sources still use the old name Rana erythraea. It lives in Southeast Asia and is also known as green paddy frog, red-eared frog, common greenback or leaf frog. The last name, however, commonly refers to the Neotropical tree frogs which make up the subfamily Phyllomedusinae. These are not closely related to H. erythraea, belonging to family Hylidae instead.

Hylidae
Hylidae is a wide-ranging family of frogs commonly referred to as "tree frogs and their allies". However, the hylids include a diversity of frog species, many of which do not live in trees, but are terrestrial or semiaquatic.
Oxbow complex
The Oxbow Complex is a Late Archaic period complex situated in the Northern Great Plains that lasted from about 5200 to 3800 BP. Their points are concave, and are designed for atlatls. They hunted bison, elk, geese, and bear. The complex was defined by archaeologists Boyd Wettlaufer and William Mayer-Oakes in 1960. The Oxbow complex is connected to the Gowen complex, which is believed to have existed between 6100 and 5200 BP.

Before Present
Before Present (BP) or "years before present (YBP)" is a time scale used mainly in archaeology, geology, and other scientific disciplines to specify when events occurred relative to the origin of practical radiocarbon dating in the 1950s. Because the "present" time changes, standard practice is to use 1 January 1950 as the commencement date (epoch) of the age scale, with 1950 being labelled as the "standard year". The abbreviation "BP" has been interpreted retrospectively as "Before Physics", which refers to the time before nuclear weapons testing artificially altered the proportion of the carbon isotopes in the atmosphere, which scientists must account for when using radiocarbon dating for dates of origin that may fall after this year.

In a convention that is not always observed, many sources restrict the use of BP dates to those produced with radiocarbon dating; the alternative notation "RCYBP" stands for the explicit "radio carbon years before present".
Melani Cammett
Melani Claire Cammett (born 1969) is an American political scientist; she is currently the Clarence Dillon Professor of International Affairs in the Department of Government at Harvard University and the Director of the university's Weatherhead Center for International Affairs. She holds a secondary appointment in the Department of Global Health and Population at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. Cammett's research focuses on ethnoreligious violence and the politics of development, particularly in the Middle East.

Cornell University Press
The Cornell University Press is the university press of Cornell University, an Ivy League university in Ithaca, New York. It is currently housed in Sage House, the former residence of Henry William Sage.
Webs (web hosting)
Webs, formerly Freewebs, was a freemium, primarily static site-only web host founded in 2001 and active until 2023. The service offered free and premium website hosting plans, and their own templated website building service. Unusually, Webs did not offer any dynamic content support aside from their own dynamic "apps", despite offering FTP access and allowing HTML uploads.

Search engine optimization
Search engine optimization (SEO) is the practice of improving the visibility and performance of websites and web pages in search engine results pages (SERPs). It focuses on increasing the quantity and quality of traffic from unpaid (organic) search results rather than paid advertising. SEO applies to multiple search formats, including web, image, video, news, academic, and vertical search engines, as well as AI-assisted search interfaces.

SEO is commonly used as part of a broader digital marketing strategy and involves optimizing technical infrastructure, content relevance, and authority signals to improve rankings for user queries. The objective of SEO is to attract users who are actively searching for information, products, or services, thereby supporting brand visibility, user engagement, and conversions.
Symphony No. 1 (Enescu)
Symphony No. 1, Op. 13, in E♭ by the Romanian composer George Enescu reflects the composer's training in both Vienna and Paris. In the former location he studied the Brahmsian tradition with Robert Fuchs, and in the latter the French tradition with Jules Massenet and Gabriel Fauré.

Robert Fuchs (composer)
Robert Fuchs (15 February 1847 – 19 February 1927) was an Austrian composer and music teacher. As Professor of music theory at the Vienna Conservatory, Fuchs taught many notable composers, while he was himself a highly regarded composer in his lifetime.
Doug Stupart
Douglas Annesley David Stupart (30 March 1882 – 6 May 1953) was a South African track and field athlete who competed in the 1908 Summer Olympics. In 1908, he finished tenth in the triple jump event. He also participated in the 110 metre hurdles competition but was eliminated in the first round.

Athletics at the 1908 Summer Olympics – Men's 110 metres hurdles
The men's 110 metres hurdles was the shorter of two hurdling events at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London. It was dominated by the American runners. The competition was held from Thursday, July 23, 1908, to Saturday, July 25, 1908. 25 hurdlers from ten nations competed. NOCs could enter up to 12 athletes. The event was won by Forrest Smithson of the United States, the fourth of five consecutive victories for the nation in the first five Olympic Games. It was also the third of four consecutive podium sweeps for the Americans in the event.
Brattain
Brattain is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Hazen A. Brattain (1864–1930), American rancher, banker and politician

Robert Brattain (1911–2002), American physicist

Walter Houser Brattain (1902–1987), American physicist

Robert Brattain
R. Robert Brattain (May 21, 1911 – November 17, 2002) was an American physicist at Shell Development Company. He was involved in a number of secret projects during World War II.  He is recognized as one of America's leading infrared spectroscopists for his work in designing several models of spectrophotometer, and for using the infrared spectrophotometer to determine the β-lactam structure of penicillin. His instrumentation work was essential to the subsequent study and understanding of structures in organic chemistry.
Srimushnam
Srimushnam is a town panchayat, and the headquarters of Srimushnam taluk, in Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu, India. The town is sacred to Hindus and Buddhists. It is one of the eight Svayam Vyakta Ksetras of Vaishnavism, and is known for Bhu Varaha Swamy temple, which is dedicated to Varaha, the boar-avatar of Vishnu, and his consort, Lakshmi. The Bhuvaraha temple has been visited by Madhva saint Sri Vadiraja Tirtha in sixteenth century and is written in his work Tirtha Prabandha. Jagadguru Madhvacharya visited Bhuvaraha temple many times and took even Chaturmasya deeksha here. During his Chaturmasya deeksha he created a Dhanda Tirtha, a pond with stick which can be seen even today.

Svayambhu
Svayambhu (Sanskrit: स्वयम्भू, romanized: Svayambhū, lit. 'self-born') is a Sanskrit word that means "self-born", "self-manifested", "self-existing", or "that that is created by its own accord". Various deities and entities featured in Hindu literature and tradition are regarded to be svayambhu, such as Brahman in the Upanishads, and the Trimurti of Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva, and Manu in the Puranas.

The term svayambhu is also used to describe the belief of a self-manifested image (murti) of a deity present in a temple, which is described to be not of human creation, but of natural or divine origin. Such images are described in some of the regional legends of religious sites called the sthala puranas. Some of the best examples of such images include the twelve Jyotirlinga images of Shiva, and Venkateswara image of Vishnu.
Vengurla
Vengurla is a town in Sindhudurg district of Maharashtra, India just north of Goa. It is surrounded by a semicircular range of hills with lush green foliage mainly of cashew, mango, coconut, and different kinds of berry trees. The hills of Dabholi, Tulas, and Mochemad respectively lie in the north, the east, and the south of Vengurla, while the Arabian Sea is located on its west.

The town has a rich cultural heritage. Vengurla Taluka has some temples including those of Devi Sateri, Shri Rameshwar, Shri Navadurga at Kanyale Redi, Shri Mauli at Redi and Shiroda, Shri Vetoba at Aaravali, Shri Rampurush Temple at Kanyale Redi, Shri Ganesh at Redi and Shri Ravalnath.

Ravalnath
Ravalnath (Konkani: रवळनाथ, Ravaḷhanāth), also widely known as Roulu, (रवळू, Ravaḷhu)[a] is a popular Hindu deity in Goa and the Sindhudurg district of coastal Maharashtra, in western India. Shrines of Ravalnath are also found in border areas of Belgaum specially in Karle and Uttar Kannada districts as well as coastal areas of Karnataka. He is worshipped as the main deity or an affiliate deity in most temples of Goa. He is associated with the guardian aspect of  Shiva.

Ravalnath is a guardian deity (Kshetrapala) who protects the locality from climatic disasters, witchcraft and snakebites. Ravalnath along with Santeri, Bhumika, Bhutnath and Betal is a popular folk deity worshipped as Gramadevata (village god) in most villages of Goa and Sindhudurg of Maharashtra.