hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Haden Edwards
Haden Edwards (August 12, 1771 – August 14, 1849) was a Texas settler. Edwards County, Texas on the Edwards Plateau is named for him.  In 1825, Edwards received a land grant from the Mexican government, allowing him to settle families in East Texas.  His grant included the city of Nacogdoches, and Edwards soon angered many of the previous settlers.  After his contract was revoked in 1826, Edwards and his brother declared the colony to be the Republic of Fredonia.  He was forced to flee Mexico when the Mexican Army arrived to put down the rebellion, and did not return until after the Texas Revolution had broken out.

Mexican Army
The Mexican Army (Spanish: Ejército Mexicano), also known as the National Defense Army, is the combined land and air branch of the Mexican Armed Forces. It includes the Mexican Air Force, the Special Forces Body, and the National Guard.

With an active-duty force of 261,773 servicemembers (as of 2024), the Army is the largest component of the Mexican Armed Forces and among the largest armies in the world. It is under the authority of the Secretariat of National Defense (Spanish: Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional, SEDENA) and is headed by the Secretary of National Defence, who is directly answerable to the President.

The Mexican Army was the first to adopt (1908) and use (1910) a self-loading rifle, the Mondragón rifle.
Anarkali Bazaar
Anarkali Bazaar (Punjabi, Urdu: اناركلى بازار) is a major bazaar in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Anarkali also serves as a neighbourhood and union council of Data Gunj Buksh Tehsil of Lahore. It is situated in the region that extends from the south of Lahori Gate of the Walled City to across the Mall Road. The bazaar also hosts the 1200 year old Valmiki Mandir.

The bazaar was listed in the 2020 World Monuments Watch by the World Monuments Fund to highlight the urgent need for its preservation and protection, since it is currently endangered due to neglect.

Lohari Gate, Lahore
31°34′38″N 74°18′48″E﻿ / ﻿31.57735°N 74.31338°E﻿ / 31.57735; 74.31338

The Lahori Gate, also known as Lohari Gate, is one of the 13 gates located within the Walled City of Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.

Lahori Gate or Lohari gate is one of the oldest gates of the old city. According to some historians, the old city of Lahore was originally located near Ichhra, and this gate opened towards that side. Hence the name, Lahori gate. The other name Lohar means blacksmith in Urdu language. This gate was named after the Lohar (blacksmith) community of craftsmen who made objects primarily from iron or steel. This could also be another reason behind naming it this way.
New Walk, Leicester
New Walk is a promenade in the city of Leicester which connects the areas around Victoria Park (including Stoneygate, Evington, and Clarendon Park) to the city centre. The promenade is a rare surviving example of a Georgian promenade. The walk is just under a mile long. There are many interesting buildings along its route, including Holy Cross Priory, Leicester Museum & Art Gallery, and towards its upper end, a notable group of houses by the architect Stockdale Harrison.

Victoria Park, Leicester
Victoria Park in Leicester, England is a public park of 69 acres (279,000 m2). It is in the south-east, just outside the city centre, backing on to the University of Leicester and close to Leicester railway station.
Battle of the Eastern Carpathians
The Battle of the Eastern Carpathians consisted in a series of military engagements between Romanian and Austro-Hungarian forces during October 1916, in World War I. The attempt of the Austro-Hungarian 1st Army to break through the Eastern Carpathians was simultaneous with that of the German 9th Army to force the passes of the Southern Carpathians. Both efforts failed.

9th Army (German Empire)
The 9th Army (German: 9. Armee / Armeeoberkommando 9 / A.O.K. 9) was an army level command of the German Army in World War I.  It was formed in September 1914 in Breslau to command troops on the southern sector of the Eastern Front.  The army was dissolved on 30 July 1916, but reformed in Transylvania on 6 September 1916 for the Romanian Campaign.  It was transferred to the Western Front on 19 June 1918 where it was finally dissolved on 18 September 1918.
Sleeper Catcher
Sleeper Catcher is the fourth studio album by the Little River Band, released in May 1978. It peaked at No. 4 on the Australian Kent Music Report Albums Chart and No. 16 on the Billboard 200. The album was certified Platinum by the RIAA in May 1979.

At the Australian 1978 King of Pop Awards the album won Most Popular Australian Album.

The band is shown on the cover of the album playing the Australian gambling game two-up, and the Sleeper Catcher is a participant who retrieves bets left behind by a tardy gambler in the game.

It was the band's last album to feature George McArdle on bass.

Glenn Shorrock
Glenn Barrie Shorrock AM (born 30 June 1944) is an Australian singer and songwriter. He was a founding member of rock bands the Twilights, Axiom, Little River Band and post LRB spin-off trio Birtles Shorrock Goble, as well as being a solo performer.

The Twilights had eight consecutive national hit singles including "Needle in a Haystack" and "What's Wrong with the Way I Live". Axiom's top 10 hits were "Arkansas Grass", "Little Ray of Sunshine" and "My Baby's Gone". Little River Band had national and international chart success, including the Shorrock-penned "Emma", "Help Is on Its Way" and "Cool Change".

Shorrock was inducted into the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) Hall of Fame as a solo artist in 1991 and as a member of Little River Band in 2004. In May 2001, the Australasian Performing Right Association (APRA), as part of its 75th-anniversary celebrations, named "Cool Change" as one of the APRA Top 30 Australian songs of all time.
Bugryanka
Bugryanka (Russian: Бугрянка) is a rural locality (Russian: деревня, lit. 'village') in Glebovsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Fatezhsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population:  17 (2010 Census); 29 (2002 Census);

Kursk Oblast
Kursk Oblast (Russian: Курская область, romanized: Kurskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [ˈkurskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kursk. As of the 2021 census, Kursk Oblast had a population of 1,082,458.
Philippines women's national baseball team
The Philippines women's national baseball team is the national team of the Philippines which represents the country in women's baseball. It is organized by the Philippine Amateur Baseball Association (PABA).

Women's baseball
Women's baseball is played in several countries. The strongest and most organized women's baseball leagues are in the United States, Australia, Japan, Taiwan, Cuba, Hong Kong, and Canada. Those countries have national governing bodies that support girls' and women's baseball programs. Other countries/regions that currently have organized women's baseball are Germany, France, Netherlands, Croatia, India, South Korea, Venezuela, Argentina, Puerto Rico, Colombia, Brazil, Dominican Republic, and Pakistan. There also is a handful of women playing baseball in Vietnam currently on the Fishanu team at Hanoi University and on the Hanoi Baseball Club.

Internationally, the World Baseball Softball Confederation is the world governing body for women's and men's baseball, as well as women's and men's softball. The WBSC was created in 2013.
Keith Skelton
Keith Dexter Skelton (May 6, 1918 – October 23, 1994) was an American attorney, soldier and politician. He served in the Oregon Legislative Assembly and as a World War II B-17 pilot. As a pilot, he flew over fifty missions in the war against Japan. He received his BS from Edinboro University, his MS from University of Michigan and his JD from the University of Washington. He served seven terms in the Oregon House of Representatives, from 1957 to 1973, first from Lane County, then from Multnomah County. He was also an attorney, was on the faculty of two state universities, and served on the Board of Directors of Portland Community College from 1987 onward.  He had been chair of Governor Tom McCall's Task Force on Transportation.

Skelton was born on a farm near Cambridge Springs, Pennsylvania.

He had two daughters, Carol and Anne, and two sons, Keith and Thomas. In 1968 he married fellow legislator and future Oregon Supreme Court judge Betty Roberts.

Skelton died on October 23, 1994.

Oregon House of Representatives
The Oregon House of Representatives is the lower house of the Oregon Legislative Assembly, the upper house being the Oregon State Senate. There are 60 members of the House, representing 60 districts across the state, each with a population of approximately 65,000. The House meets in the west wing of the Oregon State Capitol in Salem.

Members of the House serve two-year terms without term limits. In 2002, the Oregon Supreme Court struck down Oregon Ballot Measure 3 (1992), that had restricted State Representatives to three terms (six years) on procedural grounds.

In the current legislative session, Democrats have 37 seats, a slim 2 seat supermajority, while the Republicans have a minority of 23 seats.
Education and Training (Welfare of Children) Act 2021
The Education and Training (Welfare of Children) Act 2021 (c. 16) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The act amends the Education Act 2002 and the Apprenticeships, Skills, Children and Learning Act 2009 to expand safeguarding requirements to providers of publicly funded post-16 education (namely, new "16-19 academies" and providers of T-Levels) and ensure that public funds are only provided to institutions which comply with the requirements. It closes the loophole which existed for independent education providers in relation to safeguarding law.

Key Stage 5
Key Stage 5 refers to the education of students ages 16 to 19 in sixth forms and further education colleges in England and Northern Ireland. It follows Key Stage 4, and technically falls outside the national curriculum. During Key Stage 5, pupils study for A-levels or an equivalent qualification. Other advanced level qualifications pursued at Key Stage 5 may include AS level, International Baccalaureate diploma, and vocational and technical qualifications (VTQ) such as BTEC, BTEC extended diploma, or T Level. In November 2025, the UK government published plans to introduce a new V Leval qualification to sit alongside A Levels and T Levels.
Fashion King (manhwa)
Fashion King (Korean: 패션왕; RR: Paesyeon Wang) is a South Korean manhwa series written and illustrated by Kian84. Started on May 5, 2011, this webtoon manhwa was released on Naver WEBTOON. The print release of the first volume of Fashion King was released on December 2, 2012. The comics have been adapted into a film of the same name.

Webtoon
Webtoons (Korean: 웹툰; RR: Weptun) are a type of episodic digital comics that originated in South Korea usually meant to be read on smartphones. While webtoons were mostly unknown outside of South Korea during their inception, there has been a surge in popularity internationally thanks to the easy online accessibility and variety of free digital comics. Today, Webtoons make roughly $5.91 billion globally.
In the country, as digital comics have emerged as a popular medium, print publication of comics has decreased. The amount of material published in webtoon form has now reached an equal amount as that published offline.
Bam Island (Papua New Guinea)
Bam, also known as Biem, is a small volcanic island off the coast of Papua New Guinea (PNG), 40 km (25 mi) north northeast of the Sepik river mouth. It represents the southernmost island of the Schouten Islands. The northern coast of the island is inhabited by a village and coconut groves. Much of the island is forested, except along its south flank. As of 2018, the island has a population of approximately 3,000 people.

Grove (nature)
A grove is a small group of trees with minimal or no undergrowth, or a small orchard planted for the cultivation of fruits or nuts. Naturally occurring groves are typically small, perhaps a few acres at most, such as a sequoia grove. In contrast, orchards, which are normally intentional planting of trees, may be small or very large, like the apple orchards in Washington state, orange groves in Florida and olive groves in Australia.

A grove may be called an 'arbour' or 'arbor', which is not to be confused with the garden structure pergola, which also sometimes goes under that name. Other words for groups of trees include woodland, woodlot, thicket, and stand. Groves often contain plant and animal species that have become extinct in adjacent areas, and they harbor great genetic diversity. Therefore, they have become biodiversity hotspots, as various species seek refuge in the areas due to progressive habitat destruction.
Gentilhombre (horse)
Gentilhombre (2 April 1973 – 1 January 1992) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. As a two-year-old he won four races and finished third in the Group Two Laurent Perrier Champagne Stakes. In the following year he was mainly campaigned at sprint distances and established himself as one of the fastest three-year-olds in Europe with wins in the Cork and Orrery Stakes and Prix de l'Abbaye. He was even better as a four-year-old, when he was rated the best sprinter in Europe after winning the July Cup (on the disqualification of Marinsky), the Diadem Stakes and a second Prix de l'Abbaye (in course record time). After two unsuccessful runs in 1978 he was retired from racing having won nine of his twenty-four races. He stood as a breeding stallion in Europe and Japan but had limited success as a sire of winners.

Queen Elizabeth II Jubilee Stakes
The Queen Elizabeth II Jubilee Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to horses aged four years or older. Three-year-olds foaled in the Southern Hemisphere are also eligible. It is run at Ascot over a distance of 6 furlongs (1,207 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in June.
Thai U21 League
The Thai U21 League (Thai: ไทยลีก รุ่นอายุไม่เกิน 21 ปี) is a professional football league in Thailand designed specifically for players under the age of 23. Established by the Football Association of Thailand (FA Thailand), the league is managed and organized by Thai League Co., Ltd., responsible for overseeing the various tiers of Thai football competitions. The creation of the Thai U21 League marks a significant effort to foster young Thai football talent and provide a platform for emerging players to develop their skills.

Football Association of Thailand
The Football Association of Thailand under the Patronage of His Majesty the King (Thai: สมาคมกีฬาฟุตบอลแห่งประเทศไทย ในพระบรมราชูปถัมภ์), or FA Thailand (FAT; สมาคมกีฬาฟุตบอลแห่งประเทศไทย) for short, is the governing body of association football, futsal and beach soccer in Thailand. It was founded on 25 April 1916. The association joined FIFA on 23 June 1925 and the AFC in 1954.
Michael Martin Clancy
Father Michael Martin Clancy OSA (1868–1931) was an Irish-Australian Roman Catholic priest. He was the first resident Parish Priest in Geraldton, a town and parish in North Queensland, Australia. He was an inspirational parish priest who developed the Parish, established Catholic education in the Johnstone River district and built Innisfail's present Mother of Good Counsel Church. He played an important part in the development in the town and the district. Father Clancy was enthusiastically involved in the life of the town, local committees and governing bodies. He was instrumental in the changing of Geraldton's name to Innisfail in 1910. He also advocated for forging a link to the Atherton Tableland and the use of Mourilyan Harbour by shipping. Mount Father Clancy Garreth McGonnell near the Beatrice River was named in his honour.

Order of Saint Augustine
The Order of Saint Augustine (Latin: Ordo Fratrum Sancti Augustini), abbreviated OSA, is a mendicant religious order  of the Catholic Church. It was founded in 1244 by bringing together several eremitical groups in the Tuscany region who were following the Rule of Saint Augustine, written by Augustine of Hippo in the fifth century.

They are also commonly known as the Augustinians, Austin friars, or Friars Hermits and, until 1968, as the Order of Hermits of Saint Augustine (Latin: Ordo eremitarum sancti Augustini; abbreviated OESA).

The order has, in particular, spread internationally the veneration of the Virgin Mary under the title of Our Lady of Good Counsel (Mater boni consilii).

In the 2025 papal conclave, Leo XIV was elected as the first pope from the Order of Saint Augustine.
Neço Muko
Neço Muko (October 21, 1899 – 1934), also known as Neço Muko Himarjoti, was an Albanian singer and composer. His musical style created a new genre of Albanian iso-polyphony music called avaz himariot, or avaz himariotçe, that became identified with the music of his home region Himarë.

Tefta Tashko-Koço
Tefta Tashko-Koço (pronounced [tɛfˈta taʃˈkɔ kɔtˈʃɔ]; 2 November 1910 – 22 December 1947) was an Albanian singer and soprano. She was a leading figure in the regional music industry and is considered one of the most influential personalities of the 20th century in the Albanian-speaking world.

She was posthumously awarded the prestigious title People's Artist.
Constantin Bosianu
Constantin Bosianu (Romanian pronunciation: [konstanˈtin bosiˈanu]; 10 February 1815 – 21 March 1882) was a Romanian jurist and politician, an honorary member of the Romanian Academy, and Prime Minister of Romania from 26 January to 14 June 1865. He was the first dean of the University of Bucharest's Faculty of Law.

He was an acting MP at the same time as he served as Dean of the Ilfov County Bar (1871–1873). By the end of his life, Bosianu served as an acting Mayor of Bucharest for two weeks in December 1878, and between 29 May and 15 November 1879, Constantin Bosianu was elected the President of the Senate.

Ilfov County
Ilfov County (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈilfov]) is the county that surrounds Bucharest, the capital of Romania. It used to be largely rural, but, after the fall of communism, many of the county's villages and communes developed into high-income commuter towns, which act like suburbs or satellites of Bucharest. The gentrification of the county is continuing, with many towns in Ilfov, such as Otopeni, having some of the highest GDP per capita levels in the country.

The county has experienced rapid demographic growth in the 21st century, being the fastest growing Romanian county between 2011 and 2021.
Chiren Heights
Chiren Heights (Bulgarian: Чиренски възвишения, ‘Chirenski Vazvisheniya’ \'chi-ren-ski vaz-vi-'she-ni-ya\) is the ice-covered heights at the base of Velingrad Peninsula, Graham Coast on the west side of Antarctic Peninsula, extending 21 km in northeast-southwest direction between Barilari Bay and Holtedahl Bay, and 16 km wide.  It is bounded by Caulfield Glacier to the south, Simler Snowfield to the west, Hoek Glacier to the northwest, Bilgeri Glacier to the north and Weir Glacier to the east. Rising to 2197 m at its central part and featuring Coblentz Peak at its west extremity, Mount Zdarsky in its north-central part and Ilchev Buttress at its northeast extremity.

The heights are named after the settlement of Chiren in Northwestern Bulgaria.

Weir Glacier
Weir Glacier (66°4′S 64°42′W﻿ / ﻿66.067°S 64.700°W﻿ / -66.067; -64.700) is a glacier 8 nautical miles (15 km) long, flowing north into the south part of Barilari Bay between Prestoy Point and Byaga Point, on the west coast of Graham Land. First sighted and roughly charted in 1909 by the French Antarctic Expedition under Charcot. It was surveyed in 1935-36 by the British Graham Land Expedition (BGLE) under Rymill and later named for William D. Weir, 1st Viscount Weir of Eastwood, and his son, the Hon. James K. Weir, who contributed toward the cost of the BGLE, 1934–37.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Weir Glacier". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
Hashkiveinu (Bernstein)
Hashkiveinu is a work for solo cantor (tenor), mixed chorus, and organ composed by Leonard Bernstein in 1945.  The work is six minutes in length and uses the prayer text from the Jewish Sabbath evening service.  The work is in Hebrew, and the transliterated score uses Ashkenazic pronunciation.

Hazzan
A hazzan (/ˈhɑːzən/; Hebrew: [χaˈzan], lit. 'hazan') or chazzan (Hebrew: חַזָּן, romanized: ḥazzān, plural ḥazzānim; Yiddish: חזן, romanized: khazn; Ladino: חזן, romanized: hasan) is a Jewish musician or precentor trained in the vocal arts who leads the congregation in songful Jewish prayer. In English, a hazzan is often referred to as a cantor, a term also used in Christianity.

An individual leading a Jewish congregation in public prayer is also called a sh'liaḥ tzibbur (Hebrew: שליח ציבור, lit. 'messenger of the public'). Any person is called a sh'liach tzibbur while leading prayer. However, the term hazzan more commonly refers to someone with formal specialized training in leading prayers or who is appointed to lead prayers regularly in a given synagogue without a formally trained hazzan.
Mamoru Matsunaga
Mamoru Matsunaga (松永護, Matsunaga Mamoru, 30 September 1936 – 20 December 2016) was a ninth degree (kudan) judo sensei. Introducing the sport to the Dominican Republic after emigrating there in 1957, he was called "the father of Dominican judo". He was inducted into the Dominican Sports Hall of Fame in 2009.

Some notable Dominican judoka who trained with him include Juan Chalas, John Adams, and Desiderio Lebron. He is also well-known as a landscape designer, creating the Japanese garden in the Dr. Rafael Ma. Moscoso National Botanical Garden in Santo Domingo and redesigning the landscaping around the famous Monumento de Santiago.

Monumento de Santiago
The Monumento a los Héroes de la Restauración (Monument to the Heroes of the Restoration) is a monument in the city of Santiago de los Caballeros in the Dominican Republic. It is the highest building in Santiago, and a major tourist attraction for the area. The monument is located on a hill in the middle of Santiago, with views of the city and surrounding mountains. It also has a surrounding park.
Protocatechuate 4,5-dioxygenase
Protocatechuate 4,5-dioxygenase (EC 1.13.11.8) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

The two substrates of this enzyme are protocatechuic acid and oxygen. Its product is 4-carboxy-2-hydroxy-cis,cis-muconate 6-semialdehyde.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on single donors with O2 as oxidant and incorporation of two atoms of oxygen into the substrate (oxygenases). The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is protocatechuate:oxygen 4,5-oxidoreductase (decyclizing). Other names in common use include protocatechuate 4,5-oxygenase, protocatechuic 4,5-dioxygenase, and protocatechuic 4,5-oxygenase.  This enzyme participates in benzoate degradation via hydroxylation and 2,4-dichlorobenzoate degradation.  It employs one cofactor, iron.

Oxidoreductase
In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor. This group of enzymes usually utilizes NADP+ or NAD+ as cofactors. Transmembrane oxidoreductases create electron transport chains in bacteria, chloroplasts and mitochondria, including respiratory complexes I, II and III. Some others can associate with biological membranes as peripheral membrane proteins or be anchored to the membranes through a single transmembrane helix.