hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
434th Bombardment Squadron
The 434th Bombardment Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit.  It was organized in January 1941 as the 19th Reconnaissance Squadron, and became the 434th in 1942.  After training in the United States, it moved to the Mediterranean Theater of Operations, where it engaged in combat operations until 1944, earning a Distinguished Unit Citation.  It then moved to the China Burma India Theater, continuing in combat until V-J Day. It departed for the United States and was inactivated at Fort Lawton, Washington on 22 January 1946.

Mediterranean Theater of Operations, United States Army
The Mediterranean Theater of Operations, United States Army (MTOUSA), originally called the North African Theater of Operations, United States Army (NATOUSA), was a military formation of the United States Army that supervised all U.S. Army forces which fought in North Africa and Italy during World War II.

United States Army operations in the theater began with Operation Torch, when Allied forces landed on the beaches of northwest Africa on 8 November 1942, and concluded in the Italian Alps some 31 months later, with the German surrender in Italy on 2 May 1945. For administrative purposes, U.S. components were responsible to Headquarters North African Theater of Operations, United States Army (NATOUSA), which was created 14 February 1943. NATOUSA was redesignated Mediterranean Theater of Operations, United States Army (MTOUSA), on 26 October 1944.
Glitter bombing
Glitter bombing is an act of protest in which activists throw glitter on people at public events.

Some legal officials argue glitter bombing is  assault and battery. It is possible for glitter to enter the eyes or nose and cause damage to the cornea or other soft tissues potentially irritating them or leading to infection, depending on the size of the glitter. Whether a prosecutor would pursue the charges depends on a number of factors.

In recent years, the practice of glitter bombing has evolved to include the act of sending large quantities of glitter in the mail, either as a prank or to deter mail thieves.

Cornea
The cornea is the transparent front part of the eyeball which covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber. Along with the anterior chamber and lens, the cornea refracts light, accounting for approximately two-thirds of the eye's total optical power. In humans, the refractive power of the cornea is approximately 43 dioptres. The cornea can be reshaped by surgical procedures such as LASIK.

While the cornea contributes most of the eye's focusing power, its focus is fixed. Accommodation (the refocusing of light to better view near objects) is accomplished by changing the geometry of the lens.  Medical terms related to the cornea often start with the prefix "kerat-" from the Greek word κέρας, horn.
German submarine U-9 (1935)
German submarine U-9 was a Type IIB U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine. Her keel was laid down on 8 February 1935, by Germaniawerft in Kiel as yard number 543. She was launched on 30 July 1935 and commissioned on 21 August, with Korvettenkapitän Hans-Günther Looff in command.

U-9 conducted 19 patrols under a series of commanders, including U-boat ace Wolfgang Lüth, sinking eight ships totalling 17,221 gross register tons (GRT) and damaging another displacing 412 tons. This included the French Sirène class coastal submarine Doris.

She was sunk by Soviet bombs on 20 August 1944. Her wreck was later raised by the Soviets, repaired and recommissioned as TS-16 but was broken up in December 1946 because of her poor performance.

Coastal submarine
A coastal submarine or littoral submarine is a small, maneuverable submarine with a shallow draft well suited to navigating  coastal channels and harbors. Although size is not precisely defined, coastal submarines are larger than midget submarines, but smaller than sea-going submarines designed for longer patrols on the open ocean. Space limitations aboard coastal submarines restrict fuel availability for distant travel, food availability for extended patrol duration, and number of weapons carried. Within those limitations, however, coastal submarines may be able to reach areas inaccessible to larger submarines, and be more difficult to detect.
Tosa Domain Yamauchi clan cemetery
The Tosa Domain Yamauchi clan cemetery  (土佐藩主山内家墓所, Tosa-han-shu Yamauchi-ke bosho) refers to a site located in the city of Kōchi, Kōchi Prefecture, Japan containing the graves of the Yamauchi clan, the daimyō of Tosa Domain under the Edo Period Tokugawa shogunate. The cemetery was designated a National Historic Site in 2016.

Yamauchi clan
The Yamauchi clan (山内氏) were a family of rulers over what was then the Tosa Province which spanned the southern half of Shikoku island.

The province was given to the family in 1600 after Yamauchi Kazutoyo led troops under Tokugawa Ieyasu at the Battle of Sekigahara. The family stayed loyal to the Tokugawa dynasty until shortly before its overthrow in 1868. The head of the family at that time Yamauchi Toyoshige became prince of the newly formed Kōchi Prefecture under Imperial rule.
Mala Štanga
Mala Štanga (pronounced [ˈmaːla ˈʃtaːŋɡa]; German: Stangenwald, Stangen) is a small dispersed settlement in the Municipality of Šmartno pri Litiji in central Slovenia. It lies in the Sava Hills (Slovene: Posavsko hribovje) west of Litija. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.

An Early Iron Age hillfort has been identified on a hill to the east of the settlement, although the usual associated burial ground has yet to be found.

Dispersed settlement
A dispersed settlement, also known as a scattered settlement, is one of the main types of settlement patterns used by landscape historians to classify rural settlements found in England and other parts of the world.  Typically, there are a number of separate farmsteads scattered throughout the area. A dispersed settlement contrasts with a nucleated village.

The French term bocage is sometimes used to describe the type of landscape found where dispersed settlements are common.

In addition to Western Europe, dispersed patterns of settlement are found in parts of Papua New Guinea, as among the Gainj, Ankave, and Baining tribes. It is also frequently met with in nomadic pastoral societies.
In Ghana, Kumbyili in the northern region is also an example of a dispersed settlement
Robert Miller (art dealer)
Robert Miller (April 17, 1939 – June 22, 2011) was an American art dealer.

Miller was born in Atlantic City, New Jersey in 1939. After an MFA from Rutgers University in 1963, he began his career in New York City as an artist; but by 1966 gave that up to become an art dealer. He worked for twelve years as an assistant to the art dealer André Emmerich. In 1977 he opened his own gallery on Fifth Avenue in New York City with his wife, Betsy Wittenborn Miller; it later moved to the Fuller Building on East 57th Street, and then to 26th Street in Chelsea, Manhattan.He showed work by the artists Louise Bourgeois, Lee Krasner, Joan Mitchell and Alice Neel, and by photographers such as Jan Groover, Robert Mapplethorpe, Diane Arbus, and Bruce Weber.

He retired in 2002, and died on June 22, 2011, aged 72, at his home in El Portal, Florida, from an infection. Patti Smith reflecting on her friend Robert Mapplethorpe thought Miller was a mentor to him.

Jan Groover
Jan Groover (April 24, 1943 – January 1, 2012) was an American photographer. She received numerous one-person shows, including at the Museum of Modern Art in New York, which holds some of her work in its permanent collection.
Rebeka Montoya
Rebeka Montoya is an American actress. Montoya is known for her recurring role as Delores Padilla in the ABC daytime soap opera, General Hospital, from 2011 to 2012. In 2014 she joined the cast of ABC comedy-drama series, Mistresses, as Antonia Ruiz. In 2004 Montoya had a role in the Telemundo telenovela Prisionera, and later guest-starred in Las Vegas, Castle, Southland, and Psych.

Mistresses (American TV series)
Mistresses is an American mystery drama soap opera television series based on the 2008–10 British series of the same name, about the lives of four female friends and their involvement in an array of illicit and complex relationships. This adaptation was developed by K. J. Steinberg, and stars Alyssa Milano, Rochelle Aytes, Yunjin Kim, Jes Macallan, Jennifer Esposito, and Tabrett Bethell in the lead roles. The series was originally set to premiere on May 27, 2013. However, ABC announced that Mistresses would premiere on June 3, 2013.

On September 9, 2016, ABC canceled Mistresses after four seasons.

It had been expected that if there had been a fifth season it would have been intended to be the final season.
Hemi-cuboctahedron
A hemi-cuboctahedron is an abstract polyhedron, containing half the faces of a semiregular cuboctahedron.

It has 4 triangular faces and 3 square faces, 12 edges, and 6 vertices. It can be seen as a rectified hemi-octahedron or rectified hemi-cube.

Its skeleton matches 6 vertices and 12 edges of a regular octahedron.

It can be realized as a projective polyhedron (a tessellation of the real projective plane by 4 triangles and 3 square), which can be visualized by constructing the projective plane as a hemisphere where opposite points along the boundary are connected.

Cuboctahedron
A cuboctahedron, rectified cube, or rectified octahedron is a polyhedron with 8 triangular faces and 6 square faces. A cuboctahedron has 12 identical vertices, with 2 triangles and 2 squares meeting at each, and 24 identical edges, each separating a triangle from a square. As such, it is a quasiregular polyhedron, i.e., an Archimedean solid that is not only vertex-transitive but also edge-transitive. It is radially equilateral. Its dual polyhedron is the rhombic dodecahedron.
Zeroual
Zeroual is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abdellatif Zeroual (1951–1974), Moroccan politician and philosopher

Bouchaib Zeroual, Moroccan sport shooter

Karim Zeroual, English presenter for CBBC

Liamine Zéroual (born 1941), Algerian general, politician and President of Algeria

Soria Zeroual (born 1970), Algerian actress

Abdellatif Zeroual
Abdellatif Zeroual (1951 in Berrechid, Morocco—14 November 1974 at "Derb Moulay Chérif" in Casablanca) was a philosophy teacher and member of the national committee of the  "Ila al-Amam" movement.

Abdellatif was the son of Haj Abdelkader Zeroual, a militant who fought the French before Morocco became independent.

In 1970, when the Moroccan authorities launched a crackdown on the Ila al-Amam movement, he went into hiding with Abraham Serfaty and was protected by Christine Daure-Serfaty. In 1973 he was sentenced to death in absentia by a Casablanca court. On November 5, 1974, he disappeared after being snatched by a group of plain-clothed men while on his way to a meeting.
A week later a body was registered at a hospital in Rabat, which human rights organisations claim to be his, although the Moroccan authorities have never confirmed this.
Leonid Zakovsky
Leonid Mikhailovich Zakovsky (Latvian: Leonīds Zakovskis; Russian: Леони́д Миха́йлович Зако́вский; originally named Henriks Štubis; 1894 – August 29, 1938) was a Latvian Bolshevik revolutionary, Soviet politician and NKVD Commissar 1st Class of State Security (equivalent to the Soviet Red Army rank of Komandarm 1st rank).

Komandarm 1st rank
Komandarm 1st rank (Russian: командарм 1-го ранга) is the abbreviation to commanding officer of the army 1st class (Russian: командующий армией 1-го ранга, romanized: komanduyushchiy armiyey 1-go ranga; lit. 'commander of the army / army commander 1st rank'), and was a military rank in the Soviet Armed Forces of the USSR in the period from 1935 to 1940. It was also the designation to military personnel appointed to command an army group or front sized formation (XXXXX).

Until 1940 it was the second highest military rank of the Red Army. It was equivalent to Komissar army 1st rank (ru: армейский комиссар 1-ого ранга) of the political staff in all military branches, Fleet Flag Officer 1st rank (ru: флагман флота 1-ого ранга) in the Soviet navy, or to Komissar of state security 1st rank (ru: комиссар государственной безопасности 1-ого ранга). With the reintroduction of regular general ranks, the designation Komandarm 1st rank was abolished, and replaced by General of the Army (OF-9).
Roman Ivanychuk
Roman Ivanovych Ivanychuk (Ukrainian: Роман Іванович Iваничук; 27 May 1929 — 17 September 2016) was a Soviet and Ukrainian writer and politician. He was awarded the Shevchenko National Prize in 1985 and the title of Hero of Ukraine in 2009. He also served as a People's Deputy of Ukraine from Drohobych from 1990 to 1994, during which time he was a member of the anti-communist Democratic Bloc and the People's Movement of Ukraine.

Shevchenko National Prize
The Shevchenko National Prize (Ukrainian: Націона́льна пре́мія Украї́ни і́мені Тараса́ Шевче́нка; also Shevchenko Award) is the highest state prize of Ukraine for works of culture and arts awarded since 1961. It is named after the inspirer of the Ukrainian national revival Taras Shevchenko. It is one of the five state prizes of Ukraine that are awarded for achievements in various fields.
Rope (1953 film)
Rope is a 1953 British television play based on the stage play of the same name by Patrick Hamilton. It was the fourth time the play had been filmed for British television, and the third time Stephen Harrison had directed it.

Patrick Hamilton (writer)
Anthony Walter Patrick Hamilton (17 March 1904 – 23 September 1962) was an English playwright and novelist.  
He was well regarded by Graham Greene and J. B. Priestley, and study of his novels has been revived because of their distinctive style, deploying a Dickensian narrative voice to convey aspects of inter-war London street culture. They display a strong sympathy for the poor, as well as an acerbic black humour. Doris Lessing wrote in The Times in 1968: "Hamilton was a marvellous novelist who's grossly neglected".

His two most successful plays, Rope (1929) and Gas Light (1938), were made into famous films: Alfred Hitchcock's Rope (1948); the UK-made Gaslight (1940), followed by the 1944 American version.
Reynard 01I
The Reynard 01I is an open-wheel racing car chassis designed and built by Reynard Racing Cars that competed in the 2001 IndyCar season. Gil de Ferran won the drivers' title in the car, and Team Penske won the constructors' title.

Team Penske
Team Penske (formerly known as Penske Racing) is an American professional auto racing organization that competes in the IndyCar Series, NASCAR Cup Series, IMSA SportsCar Championship, and the FIA World Endurance Championship. The team made its competitive debut at the 1966 24 Hours of Daytona and has since participated in a wide range of professional motorsport disciplines, including Formula One, Can-Am, Trans-Am, and Australia's Supercars Championship. Over the course of its history, Team Penske has amassed more than 500 race victories and secured over 40 championships across various categories of auto racing. The team operates as a division of Penske Corporation and is owned and chaired by Roger Penske.
Men's Full-Contact at W.A.K.O. European Championships 2004 Budva -51 kg
The men's light bantamweight (51 kg/112.2 lbs) Full-Contact category at the W.A.K.O. European Championships 2004 in Budva was the lightest of the male Full-Contact tournaments and also the smallest of the men's competitions, involving just three fighters.  Each of the matches was three rounds of two minutes each and were fought under Full-Contact kickboxing rules.

Due to the low levels of competitors for a tournament fit for four, one of the fighters had a bye straight through to the final.  The tournament champion was Dmitry Ayzyatulov from Russia who needed just one match to win the gold, defeating Italian Ivan Sciolla by unanimous decision.  Srdan Hadrlyanski from host nation Serbia and Montenegro took the bronze medal position.

Unanimous decision
A unanimous decision (UD) is a winning criterion in several full-contact combat sports, such as boxing, kickboxing, Muay Thai, mixed martial arts and other sports involving striking and submission in which all three judges agree on which fighter won the match.

In boxing, each of the three judges keeps score (round by round) of which fighter they feel is winning (and losing). This only includes landed blows to the head or the body. In MMA, judges look for different criteria such as kicks, take-downs, punches, knees, elbows, cage control, submission attempts, and aggression. A decision is not required to be unanimous for a boxer or mixed martial artist to be given a victory. In the modern era of Olympic boxing, UD is utilized more often than other outcomes, including stoppages. Unanimous decision should not be confused with a majority decision or split decision.
Public art in Dallas
The city of Dallas, Texas has a public art collection of over 300 individual pieces of art. Dallas Love Field Airport has almost 20 pieces of art, and Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport has over 30 more. Well known sculptures on public display include Dallas Piece by Henry Moore, Floating Sculpture by Marta Pan and Eye by Tony Tasset. Dallas has at least one Confederate memorial on public display, the Confederate War Memorial, and a memorial to freed slaves, Freedman's Memorial by David Newton, installed in 1999. Dallas Area Rapid Transit has run the DART Station Art & Design Program since 1988, and as of 2007, had about 40 installations at transit stations and Cityplace, Dallas's subway station.

Cityplace/Uptown station
Cityplace/Uptown station (formerly Cityplace station) is a DART rail station located in Dallas, Texas. The station is located on the Red Line, Blue Line, Orange Line and serves the Cityplace and Uptown districts. It also serves as a transfer point to the M-Line Trolley.

The station is located beneath North Central Expressway (US 75) at its intersection with Haskell Avenue, and it is located on a 3.5-mile (5.6 km) tunnel connecting Downtown Dallas to SMU/Mockingbird station. The station is the only underground station on the DART rail system, as well as the only active underground rail station in the state of Texas.
Cutans
Cutans are the modification of the soil texture, or soil structure, at natural surfaces (particle, pore, or ped) in soil materials due to illuviation. Cutans are oriented deposits which can be composed of any of the component substances of the soil material. Cutans are common features in soil and represent focuses of chemical and biological reactions. Cutans may include clay skins or coatings of silica, sesquioxide, manganese, ferromanganese, soil organic matter or carbonate. Clay skins are also called argillans, and soil horizons with sufficient clay illuviation are termed argillic horizons.

Soil structure
In geotechnical engineering, soil structure describes the arrangement of the solid parts of the soil and of the pore space located between them. It is determined by how individual soil granules clump, bind together, and aggregate, resulting in the arrangement of soil pores between them. Soil has a major influence on water and air movement, biological activity, root growth and seedling emergence. There are several different types of soil structure. It is inherently a dynamic and complex system that is affected by different biotic and abiotic factors.
Pachirisu
Pachirisu (/pɑːtʃiˈriːsuː/ ⓘ; Japanese: パチリス) is a Pokémon species in Nintendo and Game Freak's Pokémon media franchise. First introduced in the video games Pokémon Diamond and Pearl, it has since appeared in multiple games, including Pokémon Go and the Pokémon Trading Card Game.

Classified as an Electric-type Pokémon, Pachirisu is a cyan-and-white squirrel with yellow sacs on its cheeks. It is considered the "Pikachu clone" of the fourth generation of Pokémon. Pachirisu was used by Se-Jun Park in the Pokémon World Championships in 2014, which resulted in widespread coverage, with many analyzing or praising the usage of Pachirisu in the tournament.

Kotaku
Kotaku is a video game website and blog that was originally launched in 2004 as part of the Gawker Media network. Notable former contributors to the site include Luke Smith, Cecilia D'Anastasio, Tim Rogers, and Jason Schreier.

On July 2, 2025, it was announced that Keleops Group had completed its acquisition of Kotaku.
Real Gone (song)
"Real Gone" is a song written by Sheryl Crow and John Shanks for the 2006 Pixar film Cars. Crow's version of the song is the second single to the official soundtrack album to the film.

The song charted to No. 76 on the Billboard Pop 100, as well as No. 1 on the Billboard Bubbling Under Hot 100 singles chart.

According to the sheet music published at MusicNotes.com, the song is written in the key of C major (recorded a half-step lower in B major).

C major
C major is a major scale based on C, consisting of the pitches C, D, E, F, G, A, and B. C major is one of the most common keys used in music. Its key signature has  no flats or sharps. Its relative minor is A minor and its parallel minor is C minor.

The C major scale is:

These are less common and mostly used in jazz. Changes needed for the melodic and harmonic versions of the scale are written in with accidentals as necessary. The C harmonic major and melodic major scales are:

On the piano, the C major scale can be played by playing only the white keys starting on C.
Nang Lang Kham
Nang Lang Kham (Burmese: နန်းလိုင်ခမ်း; born 1 June 1988) is a Burmese businesswoman and philanthropist. She is a Deputy CEO of Kanbawza Bank, and the executive director of the Kanbawza Group, a major business conglomerate founded by her father, Aung Ko Win. Nang is also known for her philanthropic work as the co-founder and chair of the Brighter Future Myanmar Foundation, one of the biggest contributors to social and community development in Myanmar, which supports health, education, poverty reduction, and youth empowerment.

She was named one of the Women to Watch by Forbes Asia, and Inspiring Women of Burma, Champions for Change and Newsmakers of the Year 2016 by The Irrawaddy.

The Irrawaddy
The Irrawaddy (Burmese: ဧရာဝတီ; MLCTS: ei: ra wa. ti) is a news website by the Irrawaddy Publishing Group (IPG), founded in 1990 by Burmese exiles living in Thailand. As a publication produced by former Burmese activists who fled violent crackdowns on anti-military protests in 1988, it has always been closely associated with the pro-democracy movement, although it remains unaffiliated with any of the political groups that have emerged since the 8888 Uprising.

The Irrawaddy is published in both English and Burmese, with a primary focus on Burma and Southeast Asia. It is regarded as one of the foremost journalistic publications dealing with political, social, economic and cultural developments in Burma. In addition to news, it features in-depth political analysis and interviews with a wide range of Burma experts, business leaders, democracy activists and other influential figures.
Soulos
Soulos (Greek: Σούλος) is a village in the municipality of Megalopoli, Arcadia, Greece. It is situated on a hillside, 1 km north of Plaka, 2 km southeast of Katsimpalis, 2 km west of Nea Ekklisoula and 5 km northwest of Megalopoli.  The Greek National Road 76 (Megalopoli - Andritsaina - Krestena) passes east of the village.

Arcadia (regional unit)
Arcadia (Greek: Αρκαδία, romanized: Arkadía Modern Greek: [ɐr.kɐˈði.ɐ]) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the administrative region of Peloponnese. It is in the central and eastern part of the Peloponnese peninsula. It takes its name from the mythological figure Arcas. In Greek mythology, it was the home of the god Pan.