hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Franz Bruno Hofmann
Franz Bruno Hofmann (24 November 1869, Skalka – 6 June 1926, Marburg) was an Austrian-German physiologist.

In 1894 he received his medical doctorate from the German University in Prague, and for several years worked as an assistant to physiologist Ewald Hering, first in Prague (1893–95), then afterwards at the University of Leipzig (1895–1905). At Leipzig, with ophthalmologist Alfred Bielschowsky, he conducted studies on fusion and cyclodeviation in paresis of the superior oblique muscle as well as on congenital hyperfunction of the superior oblique muscle.

In 1902 he became an associate professor at Leipzig, and three years later became a full professor of physiology at the University of Innsbruck. Later on, he served as a professor at the universities of Prague (from 1911), Königsberg (from 1913), Marburg (from 1916, rector in 1916/17), Bonn (1922/23) and Berlin (1923–26). In 1926 he became a member of the Prussian Academy of Sciences.

University of Königsberg
The University of Königsberg (German: Albertus-Universität Königsberg) was a university in Königsberg, East Prussia. It was founded in 1544 as the world's second Protestant academy (after the University of Marburg) by Duke Albert of Prussia and received the royal privilege by King Sigismund II Augustus of Poland in 1560. The university was commonly known as the Albertina.

Following World War II, the city of Königsberg (renamed Kaliningrad) was transferred to the Soviet Union under the terms of the 1945 Potsdam Agreement. The Albertina was closed and the remaining German population was expelled. Today, the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University claims to maintain the traditions of the Albertina.
Pan American Team Chess Championship
The Pan American Team Chess Championship is an international team chess tournament open to national federations affiliated to FIDE in the Americas. It is organized by the Confederation of Chess for America (CCA), and the winner qualifies to participate at the next World Team Chess Championship.

The tournament has been held at irregular intervals since 1971. Its most recent edition took place in 2013, which was won by the United States in its debut appearance at the event. Cuba has won five of the nine editions of the tournament, Argentina has won twice, and Brazil and the United States have each won once.

United States Chess Federation
The United States Chess Federation (also known as US Chess or USCF) is the governing body for chess competition in the United States and represents the U.S. in The World Chess Federation (FIDE). USCF administers the official national rating system, awards national titles, sanctions over twenty national championships annually, and publishes two magazines: Chess Life and Chess Life Kids. The USCF was founded and incorporated in Illinois in 1939, from the merger of two older chess organizations.  It is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization headquartered in St. Louis, Missouri. Its membership as of 2024 was 112,000.
George Chadwick (bishop)
George Alexander Chadwick DD (10 October 1840 – 29 December 1923) was the Bishop of Derry and Raphoe.

Born on 10 October 1840 and educated at Trinity College, Dublin, he was ordained in 1863 and began his career as a curate at St Anne, Belfast. He was then appointed Rector of St James, Belfast where he remained until 1872. He was Rector of St Mark's Armagh until 1886 when he became Dean  of Armagh. In 1896 he was elevated to the episcopate, being elected on 18 February and consecrated on 25 March.

An eminent author, he resigned his see on 31 January 1916 and died on 29 December 1923

St Patrick's Cathedral, Armagh (Church of Ireland)
St Patrick's Cathedral is a Church of Ireland cathedral in Armagh, Northern Ireland. It is the seat of the Anglican Archbishop of Armagh and Diocese of Armagh. The origins of the site are as a 5th-century Irish stone monastery, said to have been founded by St. Patrick. Throughout the Middle Ages, the cathedral was the seat of the Catholic Archbishop of Armagh, head of the Catholic Church in Ireland, and one of the most important churches in Gaelic Ireland. With the 16th-century Protestant Reformation, the cathedral was retained by the Protestant Church of Ireland. It is one of two Anglican churches in Armagh City, with the other being St Mark's Parish Church.

Following Roman Catholic emancipation in the 19th century, a new Roman Catholic cathedral was built in Armagh, also called St Patrick's Cathedral.
Maquassi Hills Local Municipality
Maquassi Hills Municipality (Tswana: Mmasepala wa Maquassi Hills; Afrikaans: Maquassi Hills Munisipaliteit) is a local municipality within the Dr Kenneth Kaunda District Municipality, in the North West province of South Africa.

Dr Kenneth Kaunda District Municipality
The Dr Kenneth Kaunda District Municipality (Tswana: Mmasepala wa Sedika wa Dr Kenneth Kaunda; Afrikaans: Dr Kenneth Kaunda-distriksmunisipaliteit; Sotho: Masepala wa Setereke wa Dr Kenneth Kaunda; Xhosa: uMasipala weSithili sase Dr Kenneth Kaunda), formerly the Southern District Municipality, is one of the 4 districts of the North West province of South Africa. The seat of the municipality is Klerksdorp. As of 2016, a plurality of its 742,821 residents speak Setswana. The majority of its residents live in the City of Matlosana. The district code is DC40. The district is named after Kenneth Kaunda, the first President of Zambia.
Jammin' with Friends
Jammin' with Friends is the fourth studio album by American musician Bret Michaels, lead singer of the rock band Poison. The album was released on June 25, 2013, by Poor Boy Records.
The album is Michaels' first album since 2010's Custom Built. The album charted at number #13 on the Top Hard Rock Albums, #23 on the Top Independent Albums, #29 on the Top Rock Albums and #80 on The Billboard 200.

Phil Collen
Philip Kenneth Collen (born 8 December 1957) is an English musician who is best known as the co-lead guitarist for the rock band Def Leppard. Collen joined the band in 1982 during the recording of the Pyromania album. Before joining Def Leppard, Collen had performed with a number of bands in the burgeoning British glam metal scene.  Outside of Def Leppard, he has been involved in a number of side projects; those projects include the trio Man Raze, with which he is the lead singer and sole guitarist.

Collen has been noted for his shred guitar playing style.
203 mm 50 caliber Pattern 1905
The 203 mm 50 caliber Pattern 1905 was a Russian naval gun developed by Vickers for export in the years before World War I that armed a variety of warships of the Imperial Russian Navy.  Guns salvaged from scrapped ships found a second life as coastal artillery, railway artillery and aboard river monitors during the Russian Civil War.  By 1941 it was estimated there were 36 coastal defense guns and two railroad mounts remaining.  During the 1930s a number were relined down to 180 mm (7.1 in) and re-designated the 180mm Pattern 1931-1933.  These guns were used aboard Kirov-class cruisers or as coastal artillery and railway artillery.

Naval artillery
Naval artillery is artillery mounted on a warship, originally used only for naval warfare and then subsequently used for more specialized roles in surface warfare such as naval gunfire support (NGFS) and anti-aircraft warfare (AAW) engagements. The term generally refers to powder-launched projectile-firing weapons and excludes self-propelled projectiles such  as torpedoes, rockets, and missiles and those simply dropped overboard such  as depth charges and naval mines.
Florence E. Wall
Florence Emeline Wall (1893 – October 2, 1988) was one of the first women to be recognized as a cosmetic chemist and the first woman to receive the medal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists, in 1956. She was recognized then as "the foremost authority on this branch of education". She was inducted into the Cosmetology Hall of Fame at the New York World's Fair in 1965.

American Institute of Chemists
The American Institute of Chemists (AIC) is an organization founded in 1923 with the goal of advancing the chemistry profession in the United States. The institute is known for its yearly awards recognizing contributions of individuals in this field of work.

The American Institute of Chemists Gold Medal, given since 1926, is the institute's highest award and is awarded annually to a person who has promoted activity of service to the science or profession of chemist or chemical engineer in the United States of America.

The Chemical Pioneer Award, first given in 1966, recognizes chemists or chemical engineers who have made outstanding contributions to advances in chemistry or the chemical profession.

Former Presidents of the Institute include Gustav Egloff who served from 1942 to 1946.
Listed buildings in Weston-on-Trent
Weston-on-Trent is a civil parish in the South Derbyshire district of Derbyshire, England.  The parish contains twelve listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. Of these, one is listed at Grade I, the highest of the three grades, one is at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  The parish contains the village of Weston-on-Trent and the surrounding area.  The Trent and Mersey Canal passes through the parish, and the listed buildings associated with it are bridges, a lock and mileposts.  The other listed buildings are a church and houses.

Trent and Mersey Canal
The Trent and Mersey Canal is a 93+1⁄2-mile (150 km) canal in Derbyshire, Staffordshire and Cheshire in north-central England.  It is a "narrow canal" for the vast majority of its length, but at the extremities to the east of Burton upon Trent and north of Middlewich, it is a wide canal.

The narrow locks and bridges are big enough for a single narrowboat 7 feet (2.1 m) wide by 72 feet (22 m) long, while the wide locks can accommodate boats 14 feet (4.3 m) wide, or two narrowboats next to each other.
Moose Morowski
Stanley Mykietovitch (6 July 1935 – 10 September 2016) was a Canadian professional wrestler who spent his career in Western Canada, Winnipeg, Minnesota, Australia and Japan, best known for his ring name Moose Morowski.

NWA Canadian Heavyweight Championship (Vancouver version)
The NWA Vancouver Canadian Heavyweight Championship was the Vancouver, British Columbia version of the NWA Canadian Heavyweight title. It was the top singles title in Vancouver-based NWA All-Star Wrestling from 1982 until 1985, when the promotion withdrew from the NWA; the title was then renamed the UWA Canadian Heavyweight Championship (for its fictitious sanctioning body, the Universal Wrestling Alliance) and served as a secondary singles title until 1989.
Anata Shika Inai Desho
"Anata Shika Inai Desho" (あなたしかいないでしょ, lit. "You're the Only One") is a song recorded by Japanese singer Shizuka Kudo. It was released as a single through Pony Canyon on October 6, 1993. It made its first album appearance on the compilation album, Super Best, released later that same year.

Shizuka Kudo
Shizuka Kimura (木村 静香, Kimura Shizuka, born 14 April 1970), known by her maiden name Shizuka Kudo (工藤 静香, Kudō Shizuka), is a Japanese singer, actress and former idol, born in Hamura, Tokyo, Japan. She was a member of Onyanko Club between May 1986 and September 1987 and went on to have a successful solo career with 11 number-one hits.
Hernán Felipe Errázuriz
Hernán Felipe Errázuriz Correa (born 1945) is a Chilean lawyer, diplomat and politician. He served as Minister of Foreign Affairs, Minister Secretary General of Government and Minister of Mining under the military regime of Augusto Pinochet.

He was also president of the Central Bank of Chile (1983–1984) and Ambassador of Chile to the United States (1984–1988).

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Chile)
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Chile (Spanish: Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores) is the cabinet-level administrative office in charge of planning, directing, coordinating, executing, controlling and informing the foreign policy formulated by the President of Chile. It is located in the Edificio José Miguel Carrera at Plaza de la Constitución (Constitution Square), in downtown Santiago.

The present minister of foreign affairs (who is also known colloquially as Chancellor) is Alberto van Klaveren.
John J. Ryan
John Joseph Ryan (April 3, 1886 – April 7, 1950) was an American college football and college basketball player and coach. He served as the head football coach at the College of St. Thomas in Saint Paul, Minnesota from 1911 to 1912, at Marquette University from 1917 to 1921, and at the University of Wisconsin from 1923 to 1924, compiling a career college football head coaching record of 44–11–11. Ryan was also the head basketball coach at Marquette from 1917 to 1920, tallying a mark of 13–9.

University of St. Thomas (Minnesota)
The University of St. Thomas (also known as UST, simply St. Thomas or University of St. Thomas, Minnesota) is a private Catholic research university with campuses in Saint Paul and Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States. Founded in 1885 as a Catholic seminary, it is named after Thomas Aquinas, the medieval Catholic theologian, philosopher, and patron saint of students. As of fall 2021, St. Thomas enrolled 9,347 students, making it Minnesota's largest private, nonprofit university.
2017 Malaysian Open – Doubles
Varatchaya Wongteanchai and Yang Zhaoxuan were the defending champions, but chose not to participate together. Wongteanchai played alongside Nao Hibino, but lost in the quarterfinals to Ashleigh Barty and Casey Dellacqua. Yang teamed up with Shuko Aoyama, but lost in the quarterfinals to Elise Mertens and İpek Soylu.

Barty and Dellacqua went on to win the title, defeating Nicole Melichar and Makoto Ninomiya in the final, 7–6(7–5), 6–3.

Makoto Ninomiya
Makoto Ninomiya (二宮 真琴, Ninomiya Makoto; born 28 May 1994) is a Japanese professional tennis player.
She achieved a career-high doubles ranking of world No. 20 on 22 October 2018, and peaked at No. 280 in singles on 22 February 2016.
Partnered with Eri Hozumi, she reached the final of the 2018 French Open.

In doubles, she has won eight titles on the WTA Tour, one title on the WTA Challenger Tour as well as 21 ITF titles. In singles, there is only one ITF Circuit title.

Playing for Japan Fed Cup team, she has a win–loss record of 5–1 as of June 2024.
Geography of Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia is a country situated in West Asia, the largest country on the Arabian Peninsula, bordering the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea. Its extensive coastlines provide great leverage on shipping (especially crude oil) through the Persian Gulf and the Suez Canal. The country occupies 80% of the Arabian Peninsula. Most of the country's boundaries with the United Arab Emirates, Oman, and Yemen are undefined, so the exact size of the country remains unknown. The Saudi government estimate is at 2,217,949 square kilometres, while other reputable estimates vary between 2,149,690 and 2,240,000 sq. kilometres. Less than 7% of the total area is suitable for cultivation, and in the early 1960s, population distribution varied greatly among the towns of the eastern and western coastal areas, the densely populated interior oases, and the vast, almost empty deserts.

Harrat al-Sham
The Ḥarrat al-Shām (Arabic: حَرَّة ٱلشَّام), also known as the Harrat al-Harra or Harrat al-Shaba, and sometimes the Black Desert in English, is a region of rocky, basaltic desert straddling southern Syrian region and the northern Arabian Peninsula. It covers an area of some 40,000 km2 (15,000 sq mi) in the modern-day Syrian Arab Republic, Israel, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia. Vegetation is characteristically open acacia shrubland with patches of juniper at higher altitudes.

The Harrat has been occupied by humans since at least the Late Epipalaeolithic (c. 12,500–9500 BCE). One of the earliest known sites is Shubayqa 1 (occupied c. 12,600–10,000 BCE), a Natufian site where archaeologists have discovered the remains of the oldest known bread.
Henry Hope Reed Award
Initiated in 2005, the global Henry Hope Reed Award or short Reed Award is given to an individual working outside the practice of architecture who has supported the cultivation of the traditional city, its architecture and art through writing, planning or promotion. It is awarded in conjunction with the Driehaus Architecture Prize at the Notre Dame School of Architecture. It is named in honor of architecture critic Henry Hope Reed Jr.

The award winner receives a bronze medal showing a bas relief cameo of Reed, surrounded by laurel. It was custom designed by P.E. Guerin, the oldest decorative hardware firm in the United States.

The prize was first presented on March 19, 2005, at the University Club of Chicago, to Henry Hope Reed.

Architecture criticism
Architecture criticism is the critique of architecture. Everyday criticism relates to published or broadcast critiques of buildings, whether completed or not, both in terms of news and other criteria. In many cases, criticism amounts to an assessment of the architect's success in meeting their own aims and objectives and those of others. The assessment may consider the subject from the perspective of some wider context, which may involve planning, social or aesthetic issues. It may also take a polemical position reflecting the critic's own values. At the most accessible extreme, architectural criticism is a branch of lifestyle journalism, especially in the case of high-end residential projects.
Arablinskoye
Arablinskoye (Russian: Араблинское; Azerbaijani: Әрәбләр, Ərəblər) is a rural locality (a selo) in Derbentsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. The population was 2,174 as of 2010. There are 35 streets.

Derbentsky District
Derbentsky District (Russian: Дербе́нтский райо́н; Lezgian: Дербент район; Azerbaijani: Дәрбәнд раjонy, romanized: Dərbənd rayonu) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the forty-one in the Republic of Dagestan, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the republic. The area of the district is 822.72 square kilometers (317.65 sq mi). Its administrative center is the city of Derbent (which is not administratively a part of the district). As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 99,054.
De Vere Mews
De Vere Mews consists of 18 Grade II listed mews houses in Kensington, London W8, probably built in the mid-19th century.

De Vere Mews lies to the rear of the southern end of the east side of De Vere Gardens, and is entered via Canning Place.

Mews
A mews is a row or courtyard of stables and carriage houses with living quarters above them, built behind large city houses before motor vehicles replaced horses in the early twentieth century. Mews are usually located in desirable residential areas, having been built to cater for the horses, coachmen and stable-servants of prosperous residents.

The word mews comes from the Royal Mews in London, England, a set of royal stables built 500 years ago on a former royal hawk mews. The term is now commonly used in English-speaking countries for city housing of a similar design.

After the Second World War, mews were replaced by alleys and the carriage houses by garages for automobiles.
Marina Gilardoni
Marina Gilardoni (born 4 March 1987) is a Swiss skeleton racer and former bobsleigh brakewoman. After starting her sporting career in heptathlon at the club level, Gilardoni began racing bobsleigh in 2007 and earned a place on the Swiss national team. She won gold medals at the Junior World Championships in 2008 behind driver Fabienne Meyer and in 2010 with Sabina Hafner driving. After the 2009–10 season, she switched from bobsleigh to skeleton. In 2018, Gilardoni was selected to represent Switzerland in the Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang after the Dutch Olympic Committee refused one of their two entries and it was reallocated to Switzerland.

Skeleton at the 2018 Winter Olympics
Skeleton at the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at the Alpensia Sliding Centre near Pyeongchang, South Korea. The events were scheduled to take place between 15 and 17 February 2018. A total of two skeleton events were held, one each for men and women.
Kuykendall
Kuykendall is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrew J. Kuykendall (1815–1891), American politician

Bobby Dall, born Robert Harry Kuykendall (born 1963), American bass player in the rock band Poison

Dan Kuykendall (1924–2008), American politician and businessman

Fulton Kuykendall (1953–2024), American football player

James Sloan Kuykendall (1878–1928), American farmer, lawyer, and politician

Kathy Kuykendall (born 1956), American tennis player

Kurt Kuykendall (born 1952), American soccer goalkeeper

Laura Kuykendall (1883–1935), American college professor and college administrator

Marlin Kuykendall, American politician

Pete Kuykendall (1938–2017), American bluegrass musician, songwriter, discographer and magazine & music publisher

Ralph Simpson Kuykendall (1885–1963), American historian

Shawn Kuykendall (1982–2014), American soccer player

Steven T. Kuykendall (1947–2021), American politician

Dan Kuykendall
Dan Heflin Kuykendall (July 9, 1924 – June 12, 2008) was an American politician and businessman who served as a United States representative from Tennessee's 8th and 9th congressional districts from 1967 until 1975. A member of the Republican Party, Kuykendall was the first Republican to be elected in the 8th district since 1920 and was the first to be elected in the 9th district since 1872.
Ana Buceta
Ana Buceta Rodríguez (born 4 December 1992) is a Spanish footballer who plays as a midfielder for Segunda División Pro club Málaga CF. Previously she played for FVPR El Olivo.

As a member of the Spain Under-19 team she has played the 2010 and 2011 UEFA U-19 European Championships.

Segunda Federación (women)
The Segunda Federación is the third tier of the Spanish women's football league system, beginning with the 2022–23 season.

With a format of two regionalised groups, it is the female equivalent of the men's Primera Federación and is run by the Royal Spanish Football Federation.
The Adventures of Paddington (2019 TV series)
The Adventures of Paddington is an animated children's television series developed by Jon Foster and James Lamont. It is based on the Paddington Bear stories written by Michael Bond. The series is co-produced by Heyday Films and StudioCanal, with the participation of Nickelodeon, M6 and Piwi+. The animation for the series is produced by Blue-Zoo Animation Studio and Superprod Studio. The series airs on Nickelodeon internationally, except in France where the series airs on Gulli and later on M6 and Piwi+.

Heyday Films
Heyday Films Limited is a British film and television production company founded in 1997 by producer David Heyman. The company made its feature film debut with Ravenous (1999), and is most successful for producing the Harry Potter film series, based on the series of popular fantasy novels of the same name by J. K. Rowling. In 2025, Amazon MGM Studios announced that Heyman and Amy Pascal would oversee the franchise moving forward and produce future installments in the James Bond film series through their Pascal Pictures and Heyday Films banners, respectively.