hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Leif Øgaard
Leif Øgaard (born 5 January 1952) is a Norwegian chess player. He is the ninth Norwegian to achieve the title of Grandmaster. Øgaard won the Norwegian Chess Championship five times, in 1974, 1975, 1979, 1985 and 1993. He gained his IM title in 1974. In 1981 and 1982, Øgaard won two tournaments at Gausdal, each netting him a GM-norm. His third and final GM-norm was won in the Norwegian team chess championship in 2006–2007, making him the first person to score 2 GM norms with a 25-year gap in-between as well as one of the oldest players to be awarded the Grandmaster title, since his last norm came when he was already in the mid 50's. The GM title was finally approved at FIDE's presidential board meeting in Tallinn on 22–24 June 2007. Øgaard is a member of the Oslo chess club Oslo Schackselskap.

Norwegian Chess Championship
The Norwegian Chess Championship (NM i sjakk) is an annual tournament held in Norway during the month of July, in order to determine the national chess champion. The tournament is held at different venues each year as part of the Landsturnering (National tournament). Clubs may bid for this tournament, which is awarded by the Norwegian Chess Federation (Norges Sjakkforbund).
Ozark Mountain AVA
Ozark Mountain is an American Viticultural Area (AVA) located in northwest Arkansas, southern Missouri, and northeast Oklahoma and the sixth largest AVA, encompassing 35,000,000 acres (55,000 sq mi). It was established on July 2, 1986, as the nation's 86th, Oklahoma's initial, Arkansas' second and Missouri's third AVA by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (ATF), Treasury  after reviewing the petition submitted by Mr. Al Wiederkehr of Wiederkehr Wine Cellars in Altus, Arkansas, on behalf of himself and local vintners proposing a viticultural area in southern Missouri, northern Arkansas, and northeastern Oklahoma named "Ozark Mountain."  At the outset, there were about 4,280 acres (1,730 ha) under vine with approximately 35 wineries. As of 2025, there are four established appellations within its boundary that recognizes distinct regions whose climate, vineyard soil and growing conditions define unique viticulture areas. The hardiness zone in the region varies from 6a to 8a.

American Viticultural Area
An American Viticultural Area (AVA) is a designated wine grape-growing region in the United States, providing an official appellation for the mutual benefit of wineries and consumers. Winemakers frequently want their consumers to know about the geographic pedigree of their wines, as wines from a particular area can possess distinctive characteristics. Consumers often seek out wines from specific AVAs, and certain wines of particular pedigrees can claim premium prices and loyal customers. If a wine is labeled with an AVA, at least 85% of the grapes that make up the wine must have been grown in the AVA, and the wine must be fully finished within the state where the AVA is located.
Skilly Hills
The Skilly Hills are a range of hills which make up part of the Mount Lofty Ranges in South Australia's Mid North region.

They comprise several long parallel ridges of low hills which run generally north south, parallel to the Horrocks Highway, forming part of the western geographical boundary of the Clare Valley. For government administration, they are in the Hundred of Upper Wakefield, County of Stanley.

The most prominent peaks are Tower Hill and Mount Oakden, the latter being named after local pioneer John Oakden.

John Jackson Oakden
John Jackson Oakden (1818 – 31 March 1884), pastoralist, was an English explorer of South Australia, part of the European exploration of Australia, and a pioneer runholder of the Canterbury region of New Zealand.
Landrienne
Landrienne (French pronunciation: [lɑ̃dʁijɛn]) is a township municipality in the Canadian province of Quebec, located in the Abitibi Regional County Municipality. It is part of the census agglomeration of Amos.

Originally known as Saint-Barnabé-de-Landrienne, the place was named in honour of Jean-Marie Landriève Des Bordes (1712–1778), a French naval officer and administrative inspector.

Since its creation in 1918, several businesses were established in Landrienne, thus contributing to the economic development of the municipality.

Classification of municipalities in Quebec
The following is a list of the types of local and supralocal territorial units in Quebec, Canada, including those used solely for statistical purposes, as defined by the Ministry of Municipal Affairs, Regions and Land Occupancy and compiled by the Institut de la statistique du Québec

Not included are the urban agglomerations in Quebec, which, although they group together multiple municipalities, exercise only what are ordinarily local municipal powers.

A list of local municipal units in Quebec by regional county municipality can be found at List of municipalities in Quebec.
2022 Open Harmonie mutuelle – Doubles
Jonathan Erlich and Fabrice Martin were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Sander Arends and David Pel won the title after defeating Jonathan Eysseric and Robin Haase 6–3, 6–3 in the final.

Robin Haase
Robin Haase (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈrɔbɪn ˈɦaːzə]; born 6 April 1987) is a Dutch professional tennis player.
He reached his career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 33 in July 2012 and his highest doubles ranking of world No. 29 in May 2023.

In doubles, he has won ten titles on the ATP Tour, most notably the 2022 Rotterdam Open with Matwé Middelkoop. Haase reached the final of the 2013 Australian Open in doubles alongside compatriot Igor Sijsling, and has also reached four doubles finals at Masters 1000 level. He has represented the Netherlands in the Davis Cup since 2006, and also competed at the 2012 and 2016 Olympic Games.
In singles, he has won two titles, at the Austrian Open in 2011 and 2012. He also reached the semifinals of the 2017 Canadian Open, and his best Grand Slam singles result was reaching the third round at the Australian Open and Wimbledon Championships in 2011.
Champeta
Champeta, also known as terapia, is a musical genre and dance that originated in the Caribbean coast of Colombia in the early 1980s. It developed from an earlier style termed chalusonga, which originated in Palenque de San Basilio in the mid-1970s. Chalusonga was a combination of Colombian chalupa and Afro-Cuban percussive music popularized by Estrellas del Caribe. When their music reached Cartagena de Indias, it evolved into champeta, which became a movement and identity among Afro-Colombians. It shows influences from African colonial settlements and from contemporary African culture, particularly from the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

San Basilio de Palenque
San Basilio de Palenque or Palenque de San Basilio, often referred to by the locals simply as Palenke, is a Palenque village and corregimiento in the Municipality of Mahates, Bolivar in northern Colombia. Palenque was the first free African town in the Americas, and in 2005 was declared a Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO.
Barzilai
Barzilai is a Hebrew surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Gad Barzilai (born 1958), Israeli professor of law, political science and international studies

Judah ben Barzilai, 12th century Catalan Talmudist

Netta Barzilai (born 1993), Israeli singer, recording artist and looping artist

Nir Barzilai (born 1955), founding director of the Institute for Aging Research

Salvatore Barzilai (1860–1939), Italian journalist and politician

Shmuel Barzilai (born 1957), Israeli cantor

Yisrael Barzilai (1913−1970), Israeli politician and government minister

Salvatore Barzilai
Salvatore Barzilai (5 July 1860 – May 1939) was an Italian jurist, journalist and politician who was one of the leaders of the Republican Party. He served as the minister for the lands freed by the enemy for one year between 1915 and 1916.
2000 WGC-Andersen Consulting Match Play Championship
The 2000 WGC-Andersen Consulting Match Play Championship was a golf tournament that was played from February 23–27, 2000 at La Costa Resort and Spa in Carlsbad, California. It was the second WGC-Andersen Consulting Match Play Championship and the first of four World Golf Championships events held in 2000.

Darren Clarke won his first World Golf Championships event at the match-play, by defeating Tiger Woods 4 & 3 in the 36 hole final.

Omni La Costa Resort & Spa
Omni La Costa Resort & Spa is a luxury resort hotel in Carlsbad, California. It opened in 1965. The resort is known for its golf courses; it commonly hosts professional golf and tennis tournaments. Tournaments at the resort were hosted starting in the late 1960s, including many PGA Tour events and tennis events such as the Southern California Open. Omni La Costa Resort & Spa is a member of Historic Hotels of America and has hosted the La Costa Film Festival. It is owned by Omni Hotels & Resorts, which is based in Dallas, Texas.
Baluchyn
Baluchyn (Ukrainian: Балучин) is a village in Zolochiv Raion (district) of Lviv Oblast of western Ukraine. It belongs to Krasne settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. The distance from the village to the district centre is 15 km, to the railway station Krasne is 9 km, to the region centre is 45 km. Highway "Peremyshlyany-Berestechko" runs through the village. An area of settlement is 3.242 km2, population is 608 inhabitants.

Zolochiv Raion
Zolochiv Raion (Ukrainian: Золочівський район) is a raion (district) in Lviv Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center is the city of Zolochiv. Population: 158,943 (2022 estimate).

It was established in 1939.

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Lviv Oblast was reduced to seven, and the area of Zolochiv Raion was significantly expanded. Two abolished raions, Brody and Busk Raions, were merged into Zolochiv Raion. At the same time, part of Zolochiv Raion was transferred to Lviv Raion. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 68,394 (2020 est.).
John Wilson Lewis
Albert Lewis Seeman (November 16, 1930 – September 4, 2017) was an American political scientist. He taught at Cornell University, before joining the faculty of Stanford University, where he became the William Haas Professor of Chinese Politics.

The China Quarterly
The China Quarterly is a British triple-anonymous peer-reviewed academic journal established in 1960 and published by Cambridge University Press. Owned by the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, the journal is considered one of the most important academic journals about China in the world.

The China Quarterly covers anthropology, business, literature, economics, geography, history, international affairs, law, politics, sociology, and the arts of contemporary China including Taiwan. Each issue contains articles, research reports, and a book review section.
IXsystems
iXsystems, Inc. (d/b/a TrueNAS) is a privately owned American computer technology company based in San Jose, California that develops, sells and supports computing and storage products and services. Its principal products are customized open source FreeBSD distributions, including the discontinued desktop operating system TrueOS (formerly PC-BSD), the FreeBSD based file servers and network attached storage systems TrueNAS Core (previously FreeNAS) and TrueNAS Enterprise, and the Linux based TrueNAS SCALE. It also markets hardware platforms for these products, and develops enterprise-scale storage architectures and converged infrastructures. As part of its activities, the company has strong ties to the FreeBSD community, has repeatedly donated hardware and support to fledgling projects within the BSD community, and sponsors and develops development within FreeBSD, as well as being a sponsor and attendee of open-source community events.

Storage area network
A storage area network (SAN) or storage network is a computer network which provides access to consolidated, block-level data storage. SANs are primarily used to access data storage devices, such as disk arrays and tape libraries from servers so that the devices appear to the operating system as direct-attached storage. A SAN typically is a dedicated network of storage devices not accessible through the local area network (LAN).

Although a SAN provides only block-level access, file systems built on top of SANs do provide file-level access and are known as shared-disk file systems.

Newer SAN configurations enable hybrid SAN and allow traditional block storage that appears as local storage but also object storage for web services through APIs.
Metalasia juniperoides
Metalasia juniperoides is a shrub belonging to the Asteraceae family. The species is endemic to South Africa and occurs in the Western Cape in the Kouebokkeveld, the upper Olifants River Valley and the Piketberg. The species has a range of 980 km² and three to five populations are known. The plant is threatened by crop cultivation and invasive plants, especially in the eastern part of its range. The species is part of the fynbos.

Olifants River (Western Cape)
The Olifants River (Afrikaans: Olifantsrivier) is a river in the northwestern area of the Western Cape Province of South Africa. The upper and main catchment area of the Olifants river is around Ceres and the Cederberg mountains. The Clanwilliam and Bulshoek dams are located on the river and provide water for the towns and farms along the watercourse.  The river is approximately 285 km long with a catchment area of 46,220 km2. It flows into the Atlantic Ocean at Papendorp, 250 km north of Cape Town.
2018–2019 Swedish government formation
In the 2018 Swedish general election, no political group or party won an outright majority, resulting in a hung parliament. On 9 September, the Red-Greens, led by Stefan Löfven's Social Democrats (S), emerged as the main political force in the Riksdag, while the centre-right Alliance led by Ulf Kristersson's Moderate Party only got one seat less. The right-wing populist party Sweden Democrats, led by Jimmie Åkesson, came third. As a result, protracted negotiations were required before a new government formation.  On 18 January 2019, Löfven was re-elected as prime minister.

Speaker of the Riksdag
The speaker of the Riksdag (Swedish: Riksdagens talman) is the presiding officer of the national unicameral legislature in Sweden.

The Riksdag underwent profound changes in 1867, when the medieval Riksdag of the Estates was abolished. The new form of the Riksdag included two elected chambers, each with its own speaker. Since the de facto introduction of parliamentarism in 1917, the Riksdag has properly functioned as the institution to which the prime minister and the government are held accountable. In 1971 the institution was transformed into a unicameral legislature with 350 members, reduced to 349 in 1976 to avoid parliamentary deadlocks. Since 1975, in accordance with the Instrument of Government of 1974, it is the speaker and no longer the monarch who appoints and dismisses the prime minister.

The current speaker is Andreas Norlén, who has held the gavel since September 2018.
Sackur–Tetrode equation
The Sackur–Tetrode equation is an expression for the entropy of a monatomic ideal gas.

It is named for Hugo Martin Tetrode (1895–1931) and Otto Sackur (1880–1914), who developed it independently as a solution of Boltzmann's gas statistics and entropy equations, at about the same time in 1912.

Monatomic gas
In physics and chemistry, "monatomic" is a combination of the words "mono" and "atomic", and means "single atom". It is usually applied to gases: a monatomic gas is a gas in which atoms are not bound to each other. Examples at standard conditions of temperature and pressure include all the noble gases (helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon), though all chemical elements will be monatomic in the gas phase at sufficiently high temperature (or very low pressure). The thermodynamic behavior of a monatomic gas is much simpler when compared to polyatomic gases because it is free of any rotational or vibrational energy.
BJP IT Cell
The Bharatiya Janata Party Information Technology Cell is a specialized department of the Indian political party Bharatiya Janata Party, responsible for managing the party's digital and social media outreach. The cell has been alleged of spreading misinformation, causing mob lynchings and popularising stereotypical narratives against Muslims. 
It also coordinates online campaigns, promotes party narratives, and amplifies the voices of its leaders and members across various platforms.

Since 2015, the cell has been headed by Amit Malviya, who plays a key role in shaping the party's digital strategy and online narratives. According to a report by The Washington Post, the BJP IT Cell operates an extensive digital network comprising around 150,000 social media workers who disseminate content across numerous WhatsApp groups, often targeting the fears and sentiments of India's Hindu majority.

Hinduism in India
Hinduism is the largest and most practised religion in India. About 79.8% of the country's population is Hindu. India is home to 94% of the global Hindu population, making it the largest homeland of Hindus worldwide. The vast majority of Indian Hindus belong to Vaishnavite, Shaivite, and Shakta denominations. India is one of the two Hindu-majority countries in the world along with Nepal (81.19%).
Righthand head rule
In generative morphology, the righthand head rule is a rule of grammar that specifies that the rightmost morpheme in a morphological structure is almost always the head in certain languages. What this means is that it is the righthand element that provides the primary syntactic and/or semantic information. The projection of syntactic information from the righthand element onto the output word is known as feature percolation. The righthand head rule is considered a broadly general and universal principle of morphology. In certain other languages it is proposed that rather than a righthand head rule, a lefthand head rule applies, where the lefthand element provides this information.

Adverb
An adverb is a word or an expression that generally modifies a verb, an adjective, another adverb, a determiner, a clause, a preposition, or a sentence. Adverbs typically express manner, place, time, frequency, degree, or level of certainty by answering questions such as how, in what way, when, where, to what extent. This is called the adverbial function and may be performed by an individual adverb, by an adverbial phrase, or by an adverbial clause.

Adverbs are traditionally regarded as one of the parts of speech. Modern linguists note that the term adverb has come to be used as a kind of "catch-all" category, used to classify words with various types of syntactic behavior, not necessarily having much in common except that they do not fit into any of the other available categories (noun, adjective, preposition, etc.).
N = 2 superconformal algebra
In mathematical physics, the 2D N = 2 superconformal algebra is an infinite-dimensional Lie superalgebra, related to supersymmetry, that occurs in string theory and two-dimensional conformal field theory. It has important applications in mirror symmetry. It was introduced by M. Ademollo, L. Brink, and A. D'Adda et al. (1976) as a gauge algebra of the U(1) fermionic string.

Mathematical physics
Mathematical physics is the development of mathematical methods for application to problems in physics. The Journal of Mathematical Physics defines the field as "the application of mathematics to problems in physics and the development of mathematical methods suitable for such applications and for the formulation of physical theories". An alternative definition would also include those mathematics that are inspired by physics, known as physical mathematics.
Knutsen O.A.S. Shipping AS
Knutsen OAS Shipping is a privately owned shipping company located in Haugesund, Norway. The company has a fleet of purpose-built shuttle tankers, chemical carriers and product tankers internationally. The fleet consists of 41 shuttle tankers, chemical carriers and product tankers. In 2009 the company had an onshore staff of 64 to handle projects and operation of the fleet, 430 administrative employees offshore and about 800 foreign employees.

Shuttle tanker
A shuttle tanker is a ship designed for oil transport from an off-shore oil field as an alternative to constructing oil pipelines. It is equipped with off-loading equipment compatible with the oil field in question. This normally consists of a taut hawser arrangement or dynamic positioning to maintain the position relative to the field, an off-loading arrangement of pipes, and redundant safety systems to ensure that the potentially flammable crude oil is handled safely in a harsh environment.

Shuttle tankers initially started operating in the North Sea. They are now in use also in Brazil and Canada. Trials have been carried out in Gulf Of Mexico. There are plans to take up such operation in the Arctic Sea, north of western Russia.
T-cell depletion
T-cell depletion (TCD) is the process of T cell removal or reduction, which alters the immune system and its responses. Depletion can occur naturally (i.e. in HIV) or be induced for treatment purposes. TCD can reduce the risk of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), which is a common issue in transplants. 
The idea that TCD of the allograft can eliminate GvHD was first introduced in 1958. In humans the first TCD was performed in severe combined immunodeficiency patients.

Allotransplantation
Allotransplant (allo- meaning "other" in Greek) is the transplantation of cells, tissues, or organs to a recipient from a genetically non-identical donor of the same species. The transplant is called an allograft, allogeneic transplant, or homograft. Most human tissue and organ transplants are allografts.

It is contrasted with autotransplantation (from one part of the body to another in the same person), syngenic transplantation of isografts (grafts transplanted between two genetically identical individuals) and xenotransplantation (from other species).

Allografts can be referred to as "homostatic" if they are biologically inert when transplanted, such as bone and cartilage.

An immune response against an allograft or xenograft is termed rejection. An allogenic bone marrow transplant can result in an immune attack on the recipient, called graft-versus-host disease.
Stockpoint
Stockpoint was a provider of online financial information (quotes, charts, portfolio tracking, etc.) through its websites InvestorsEdge.com and Stockpoint.com.  The company also supplied SaaS (software as a service) capabilities which powered market data features for over 200 other websites such as Barclays Global Investors and Piper Jaffray, the San Francisco Chronicle and Wired News.

Stockpoint was subsequently acquired by Dow Jones and formed part of Dow Jones Client Solutions, a division of News Corporation, and Interactive Data Corporation.

Interactive Data Corporation
ICE Data Services, formerly known as Interactive Data or Interactive Data Corporation (IDC), was an American financial data vendor that provided market data, analytics and related solutions to financial institutions, active traders and individual investors. Initially founded in 1968 as a time-sharing services company, IDC went on to supply real-time market data, time-sensitive pricing, evaluations and reference data for securities trading, including hard-to-value instruments. The company was acquired by and folded into Intercontinental Exchange in December 2015.