hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Strickler Martin
John Strickler Martin (October 11, 1875 – May 13, 1931) was an Ontario farmer and political figure. He represented Norfolk South and then Norfolk in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario as a Conservative member from 1923 to 1931. Martin was also a teacher, piano and organ merchandiser, famed White Wyandotte chicken farmer, Reeve of Port Dover, and the Grand Master Mason of the Grand Lodge of Canada.

Martin was born in Haldimand County, Ontario (Walpole Township). He was the eldest child of George and Clara (Strickler) Martin and educated in Port Dover and at Toronto University. In 1909, he married Lillian Else. He taught at the local high school for a number of years. Martin was chair for the local Board of Trade and served as reeve for Port Dover from 1922 to 1923. He bred poultry and raised cattle on his farm.

Martin served as Minister of Agriculture for the province from 1923 to 1930. He died in office in 1931.

Wyandotte chicken
The Wyandotte is an American breed of dual-purpose chicken, raised both for its brown eggs and for its yellow-skinned meat. It was developed in the 1870s, and was named for the indigenous Wyandot people of North America. It has many color variants, and is also kept for showing. It was originally known as the American Sebright.
1998 Gerry Weber Open – Doubles
Karsten Braasch and Michael Stich were the defending champions, but Stich retired after the 1997 season and Braasch played with Jens Knippschild, but lost in the first roundEllis Ferreira and Rick Leach won the final 4–6, 6–4, 7–6 against John-Laffnie de Jager and Marc-Kevin Goellner.

Jens Knippschild
Jens Knippschild (born 15 February 1975) is a former tennis player from Germany, who turned professional in 1992. In his career, he won two doubles titles (2001, Båstad and 2002, Bucharest). The right-hander reached his highest singles ranking by the ATP on 9 August 1999, when he became the No. 76 of the world.
Filippo Giorgi
Filippo Giorgi (born February 9, 1959) is an Italian physicist and an author of 19 chapters and over 250 peer-reviewed articles which he published in such journals as Journal of Geophysical Research, Climate Dynamics and many others.

Research fellow
A research fellow is an academic research position at a university or a similar research institution, usually for academic staff or faculty members. A research fellow may act either as an independent investigator or under the supervision of a principal investigator.

Research fellow positions vary in different countries and academic institutions.
T790M
T790M, also known as Thr790Met, is a gatekeeper mutation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). The mutation substitutes a threonine (T) with a  methionine (M) at position 790 of exon 20, affecting the ATP binding pocket of the EGFR kinase domain. Threonine is a small polar amino acid; methionine is a larger nonpolar amino acid. Rather than directly blocking inhibitor binding to the active site, T790M increases the affinity for ATP so that the inhibitors are outcompeted; irreversible covalent inhibitors such as osimertinib can overcome this resistance.

Chemical polarity
In chemistry, polarity is a separation of electric charge leading to a molecule or its chemical groups having an electric dipole moment, with a negatively charged end and a positively charged end.

Polar molecules must contain one or more polar bonds due to a difference in electronegativity between the bonded atoms. Molecules containing polar bonds have no molecular polarity if the bond dipoles cancel each other out by symmetry.

Polar molecules interact through dipole-dipole intermolecular forces and hydrogen bonds. Polarity underlies a number of physical properties including surface tension, solubility, and melting and boiling points.
Stefan Lindskog
Börje Stefan Lindskog (born 29 June 1951) is a Swedish lawyer. He was appointed Justice of the Supreme Court in 2008. From 2016 until his retirement in 2018, he served as President of the Supreme Court.

Born in Norum in Bohuslän, Stefan Lindskog graduated with a bachelor of law degree from Lund University in 1974 and served as law clerk at a district court in 1974–1976. In 1977, he was employed at Wistrand law firm and became an advokat in 1980. Lindskog became a doctor of law at Stockholm University in 1985, docent of private law at Stockholm University in 1987, and was appointed associate professor of insolvency law at University of Gothenburg in 1989. He chaired the Swedish Bar Association in 2004–2007.

On 18 October 2007 the Cabinet appointed Lindskog Justice of the Supreme Court. He took office on 1 January 2008. He was appointed Chair of one of the Supreme Court's divisions in 2011 and President of the Supreme Court in May 2016. Stefan Lindskog retired on 31 August 2018.

Government of Sweden
The government of the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: Konungariket Sveriges regering) is the national cabinet of Sweden, and the country's executive authority.

The government consists of the prime minister and their cabinet ministers (Swedish: statsråd). The government is responsible for its actions to the Riksdag.

The prime minister is nominated by the Speaker of the Riksdag, and is elected and discharged by vote of the Riksdag. The cabinet ministers are appointed and dismissed at the discretion of the prime minister. The Speaker shall discharge cabinet ministers that have lost a vote of confidence in the Riksdag.

The short-form name regeringen ("the government") is used both in the Basic Laws of Sweden and in the vernacular, while the long-form is only used in international treaties.
Blow Your Mind (Redman song)
"Blow Your Mind" is a hip hop song by American rapper Redman. It was released in August 1992 via Rush Associated Labels/Chaos/Columbia Records as the lead single from his debut studio album Whut? Thee Album. Recording sessions took place at Rockin' Reel Recording Studios in Northport. Production was handled by Erick Sermon with Redman himself serving as a co-producer. The song contains samples from "The Show", written by Doug E. Fresh and MC Ricky D, and includes excerpts from The Gap Band's "Outstanding", written by Raymond Calhoun, Zapp's "Dance Floor" and Parliament's "Theme from the Black Hole".

The song peaked at number 42 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, number 70 on the R&B/Hip-Hop Airplay, number-one on the Hot Rap Songs and number 4 on the Dance Singles Sales charts in the United States.

Dance Singles Sales
The Dance Singles Sales was a record chart released weekly by Billboard magazine listing each week's best-selling dance singles in the United States. Its previous names include Hot Dance/Disco 12-inch Singles Sales (1985–1987), Hot Dance Music 12-inch Singles Sales (1987–1992), and Hot Dance Music Maxi-Singles Sales (1992–2003). The chart was compiled from a national sample of retail stores, mass merchants, and internet sales reports collected and provided by Nielsen SoundScan. It was launched on the issue dated March 16, 1985, with the first number-one single being "New Attitude"/"Axel F", a split single by Patti LaBelle and Harold Faltermeyer from Beverly Hills Cop soundtrack. The chart became defunct after the issue dated November 30, 2013, with Borgore's "Wild Out" (featuring Waka Flocka Flame and Paige) as its final number-one single.
May Clark
May Clark (1 June 1885 – 17 March 1971) was an English silent film actress turned cinematographer. She played Alice in the 1903 film Alice in Wonderland, the first film adaptation of Lewis Carroll's 1865 children's book Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.

Walton-on-Thames
Walton-on-Thames, known locally as Walton, is a market town on the south bank of the Thames in northwest Surrey, England. It is in the Borough of Elmbridge, about 15 mi (24 km) southwest of central London. Walton forms part of the Greater London Built-up Area, and is served by a wide range of transport links. According to the 2011 Census, the town has a total population of 22,834. The town itself consists mostly of suburban streets, with a historic town centre of Celtic origin. It is one of the largest towns in Elmbridge, alongside Weybridge.
External memory algorithm
In computing, external memory algorithms or out-of-core algorithms are algorithms that are designed to process data that are too large to fit into a computer's main memory at once. Such algorithms must be optimized to efficiently fetch and access data stored in slow bulk memory (auxiliary memory) such as hard drives or tape drives, or when memory is on a computer network. External memory algorithms are analyzed in the external memory model.

Tape drive
A tape drive is a data storage device that reads and writes data on a magnetic tape. Magnetic-tape data storage is typically used for offline, archival data storage. Tape media generally has a favorable unit cost and long archival stability.

A tape drive provides sequential access storage, unlike a hard disk drive, which provides direct access storage. A disk drive can move to any position on the disk in a few milliseconds, but a tape drive must physically wind tape between reels to read any one particular piece of data. As a result, tape drives have very large average access times. However, tape drives can stream data very quickly off a tape when the required position has been reached. For example, as of 2017 Linear Tape-Open (LTO) supports continuous data transfer rates of up to 360 MB/s, a rate comparable to hard disk drives.
1989 Torneo Godó – Doubles
Sergio Casal and Emilio Sánchez were the defending champions, but chose to compete this year with different partners.

Sánchez teamed up with his brother Javier Sánchez and lost in the quarterfinals to Gustavo Luza and Christian Miniussi.

Casal teamed up with Tomáš Šmíd and finished the tournament as runners-up, also losing to Luza and Miniussi. The score was 6–3, 6–3.

Emilio Sánchez
Emilio Ángel Sánchez Vicario (Spanish pronunciation: [eˈmiljo ˈaŋxel ˈsantʃeθ βiˈkaɾjo]; born 29 May 1965) is a Spanish former doubles world No. 1 tennis player. He won five Grand Slam doubles titles and the men's doubles silver medal at the 1988 Olympic Games. Sánchez is the elder brother of multiple Grand Slam winner Arantxa Sánchez Vicario, with whom he partnered to win the Hopman Cup in 1990. After retiring, he captained Spain to Davis Cup victory in 2008.
Action of 26 April 1944
The action of 26 April 1944 occurred as a part of Operation Tunnel, Allied destroyer sweeps of the coast of Brittany in preparation for Operation Overlord. On the night of 25–26 April, a sweep was conducted by the Dido-class cruiser HMS Black Prince and the Tribal-class destroyers HMS Ashanti, HMCS Athabaskan, HMCS Haida and HMCS Huron. They engaged the Elbing-class torpedo boats T24, T27 and T29 off the île de Batz until T29 was destroyed.  Both of the other torpedo boats were damaged in the engagement.  T29 caused some casualties on Haida and Huron before sinking with a loss of 135 men. Huron and Ashanti collided with each other near the end of the action.

HMCS Huron (G24)
HMCS Huron was a Tribal-class destroyer that served in the Royal Canadian Navy in the Second World War and the Korean War. She was the first ship to bear this name, entering service in 1943. She was named for the Huron people. During the Second World War the vessel saw service in Operation Neptune in the Bay of Biscay and along the French coast in support of the invasion of Normandy and escorted convoys to the Soviet Union. Following the war, the ship was placed in reserve. The destroyer was activated in 1950 as a training ship, but with the onset of the Korean War, was modernized and deployed twice to Korea. Following the war, Huron reverted to a training ship and took part in Cold War-era North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) naval exercises until being paid off for the final time in 1963 and broken up for scrap in 1965.
450, Chemin du Golf
450, Chemin du Golf is a Canadian French language sitcom previously aired on TQS. The show revolves around how a suburban neighbourhood is turned upside-down when someone new moves into the area. The series stars François Massicotte, a well-known Québécois. The title of the show refers to the 450 area code that is used for most of the suburbs off the island of Montreal.

Television in Canada
Television in Canada officially began with the sign-on of the nation's first television stations in Montreal and Toronto in 1952. As with most media in Canada, the television industry, and the television programming available in that country, are strongly influenced by media in the United States and the United Kingdom, perhaps to an extent not seen in any other major industrialized nation. As a result, the government institutes quotas for "Canadian content". Nonetheless, new content is often aimed at a broader North American audience, although the similarities may be less pronounced in the predominantly French-language province of Quebec.
China Nepstar
China Nepstar Chain Drugstore Ltd., which conducts business as China Nepstar (Chinese: 海王星辰; pinyin: Hǎiwángxīng chén), is China's largest retail drugstore chain, based on the number of directly operated stores. It is headquartered in Nanshan District, Shenzhen.

As of April 2016, the company had 1,965 directly operated stores in China, one headquarters distribution center, and 15 regional distribution centers in China.

It uses directly operated stores, centralized procurement, and a network of regional distribution centers to provide customers with pharmacy services and a wide variety of other merchandise, including over-the-counter ("OTC") drugs, nutritional supplements, herbal products, personal care products, family care products, and convenience products including consumables.

The company also offers products under its own brand names (private label products). It offers 1,356 private label products.

The company pioneered the concept of chain retailing in pharmacies in China.

University of Duisburg-Essen
The University of Duisburg-Essen (German: Universität Duisburg-Essen) is a public research university in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. In the 2019 Times Higher Education World University Rankings, the university was awarded 194th place in the world. It was originally founded in 1654 and re-established on 1 January 2003, as a merger of the Gerhard Mercator University of Duisburg and the university of Essen. It is based in both the cities of Duisburg and Essen, and a part of University Alliance Metropolis Ruhr.

With its 12 departments and around 40,000 students, the University of Duisburg-Essen is among the 10 largest German universities. Since 2014, research income has risen by 150 percent. Natural science and engineering are ranked within the top 10 in Germany, and the humanities are within the top 20 to 30. Especially, the physics field is ranked in the top 1 in Germany.
Bénard (surname)
Bénard is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abraham-Joseph Bénard (1750–1822), French actor of the Comédie-Française

Aimé Bénard (1873–1938), Canadian politician

André Bénard (1922–2016), French industrialist

Anne-José Madeleine Henriette Bénard (1928–2010), better known as Cécile Aubry, French actress

Catherine Éléonore Bénard (1740–1769), French courtier

Claude Bénard (1926–2025), French athlete

Dominique Bénard, French Scout Movement executive

Édouard Bénard (born 1995), French politician

Émile Bénard (1844–1929), French architect and painter

Félix-Antoine Bénard, Canadian actor

Henri Bénard (1874–1939), French physicist known for his research on convection

Laurent Bénard (1573–1620), French Benedictine monk

Michel Bénard (born c.1713), councillor of the Conseil Supérieur of New France

Pierre Bénard (1898–1946), French journalist

Raoul Bénard (1881–1961), French sculptor

Édouard Bénard
Édouard Bénard (born 18 February 1995) is a French politician of the French Communist Party serving as member of the National Assembly for Seine-Maritime's 3rd constituency. He took office in January 2024, succeeding Hubert Wulfranc upon his resignation. He was re-elected in the 2024 legislative election.
Antanas Vaičiulaitis
Antanas Vaičiulaitis (June 23, 1906 – July 22, 1992) was a Lithuanian diplomat, writer, and translator. Vaičiulaitis started writing in the 1930s, creating works distinguished by his particularly bright humanistic worldview and attention to the aesthetic perfection of literary form. Vaičiulaitis is one of the most prominent representatives of Christian humanism in Lithuanian literature, comparable to such 20th-century French and Italian literary masters as André Maurois, François Mauriac, and Giovanni Papini. Through his stylistic refinement and Western creative orientation, he resembles Jurgis Savickis and Henrikas Radauskas, and like them, represents the mature and free artistic culture of independent Lithuania.

François Mauriac
François Charles Mauriac (French: [fʁɑ̃swa ʃaʁl(ə) moʁjak]; Occitan: Francés Carles Mauriac; 11 October 1885 – 1 September 1970) was a French novelist, dramatist, critic, poet, and journalist, a member of the Académie française (from 1933), and laureate of the Nobel Prize in Literature (1952). He was awarded the Grand Cross of the Légion d'honneur in 1958.
Pingpongo
Ping pong with obstacles, or Pingpongo, is a sport that consists of a variation of ping pong or traditional table tennis, by adding material and/or mental obstacles.
It was created in Argentina in 2010 but is also officially played since 2013 in Norway and Uruguay.

In addition to the official venues where tournaments are regularly held, some special one-time official tournaments have been held in Guatemala, Brazil, France, Community of Madrid, Basque Country and Wales, this last as part of the World Alternative Games 2014.

Jenga
Jenga is a game of physical skill created by British board game designer and author Leslie Scott and marketed by Hasbro. The name comes from the Swahili word "kujenga" which means 'to build or construct'. Players take turns removing one block at a time from a tower constructed of 54 blocks. Each block removed is then placed on top of the tower, creating a progressively more unstable structure. The game ends when the tower falls over.
Clogher Valley (District Electoral Area)
Clogher Valley is one of the seven district electoral areas (DEA) in Mid Ulster, Northern Ireland. The district elects six members to Mid Ulster District Council and contains the wards of Augher and Clogher, Aughnacloy, Ballygawley, Caledon, Castlecaulfield and Fivemiletown. Clogher Valley forms part of the Fermanagh and South Tyrone constituencies for the Northern Ireland Assembly and UK Parliament.

It was created for the 1985 local elections, replacing Dungannon Area A which had existed since 1973, where it originally contained five wards (Augher, Ballygawley, Castlecaulfield, Clogher and Fivemiletown). For the 2014 local elections it gained Aughnacloy and Caledon from the abolished Blackwater DEA.

1985 Dungannon District Council election
Elections to Dungannon District Council were held on 15 May 1985 on the same day as the other Northern Irish local government elections. The election used four district electoral areas to elect a total of 22 councillors.
Concorde TSP Solver
The Concorde TSP Solver is a program for solving the travelling salesman problem. It was written by David Applegate, Robert E. Bixby, Vašek Chvátal, and William J. Cook, in ANSI C, and is freely available for academic use.

Concorde has been applied to problems of gene mapping, protein function prediction, vehicle routing, conversion of bitmap images to continuous line drawings, scheduling ship movements for seismic surveys, and in studying the scaling properties of combinatorial optimization problems.

According to Mulder & Wunsch (2003), Concorde “is widely regarded as the fastest TSP solver, for large instances, currently in existence.” In 2001, Concorde won a 5000 guilder prize from CMG for solving a vehicle routing problem the company had posed in 1996.

Concorde requires a linear programming solver and only supports QSopt and CPLEX 8.0.

CMG (company)
CMG (Computer Management Group) was a consulting company focused on telecommunications and computing and based in London, United Kingdom. It was once a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index until it merged with Logica in 2002.
Talguni
Talguni is a panchayat village in Gobichettipalayam taluk in Erode District of Tamil Nadu state, India. It is about 12 km from Gobichettipalayam and 50 km from district headquarters Erode. The village is located on the road connecting Gobichettipalayam with Nambiyur via Kolappalur. Talguni has a population of about 1456.

Nambiyur
Nambiyur is a Panchayat town and Panchayat Union in Nambiyur Taluk, Erode district, Tamil Nadu, in India.

"Nambiyur" is one of the new taluks in Erode district;Currently, Taluk office is present near Indian Oil petrol Bunk, in Nambiyur.

The Nambiyur was ruled by a small and proud king named "Nambi"; after his death, the people and the king's family named the town Nambiyur.
Albert Falls Game Reserve
Albert Falls (Dam) Nature Reserve, is a protected nature area located in the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa, near Pietermaritzburg and Cramond. The nature reserve was established in 1975. The Albert Falls Dam is rated as one of the best bass fishing dams in the world. The area surrounding the falls have an abundance of secluded nature trails and picnic spots. The emblem of the Albert Falls Amble is the African fish eagle, as its unique call can be heard throughout the area.

Pietermaritzburg
Pietermaritzburg (/ˌpiːtərˈmærɪtsbɜːrɡ/; Zulu: uMgungundlovu) is the capital and second-largest city in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa after Durban. It was named in 1838 and is currently governed by the Msunduzi Local Municipality.

The town was named in Zulu, after King Dingane's royal homestead uMgungundlovu. Pietermaritzburg is popularly called Maritzburg and is often informally abbreviated to PMB. It is a regionally important industrial hub, producing aluminium, timber and dairy products, and is the main economic hub of uMgungundlovu District Municipality. The public sector is a major employer in the city due to local, district and provincial government offices located here.

The city has many schools and tertiary education institutions, including a campus of the University of KwaZulu-Natal.
Igram
Igram (Hungarian: Igrám) is a village and municipality in western Slovakia in Senec District in the Bratislava Region. It is located northeast of Senec, between the villages of Kaplna and Čataj. Currently, the village has around 550 inhabitants.

Senec, Slovakia
Senec (Hungarian: Szenc, German: Wartberg) is a town in the Bratislava Region of south-western Slovakia. The town is the administrative seat of the Senec District and its largest municipality. In 2022 it had a population of over 20,000.

The town is a summer tourism and recreation center well known for its summer resort Sunny Lakes (Slovak: Slnečné jazerá) and its proximity to Bratislava, the capital and largest city of Slovakia.
Lighthouse Beach, New South Wales
Lighthouse Beach is a surf lifesaving patrolled beach in East Ballina, NSW, Australia. Located in between Shelley Beach and The North Wall, Ballina, this beach is approximately 600m long and 50m wide. It is most notable for its shark attacks.

Lifesaving
Lifesaving is the act involving rescue, resuscitation and first aid.  It often refers to water safety and aquatic rescue; however, it could include ice rescue, flood and river rescue, swimming pool rescue and other emergency medical services. Lifesaving also refers to sport where lifesavers compete based on skills, technique, speed and teamwork. Lifesaving activities specialized in oceanic environment is called surf lifesaving or coastal lifesaving.

Those who participate in lifesaving activities as a volunteer are called lifesavers, and those who are employed to professionally perform lifesaving activities are called lifeguards. Surf lifesaving is a particularly common application. Lifesaving can also be developed as an aquatic sport.