hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Shiroor Math
Shiroor Matha is a Hindu monastery and one of the Ashta Mathas of Udupi. It was founded by Sri Vamana Tirtha at Shiroor village on the banks of the Swarna River in Udupi, Karnataka He was a direct disciple of Sri Madhvacharya, the founder of the Dvaita school of Hindu philosophy. The latest swami, Lakshmivara Teertha, died on Thursday 19, July 2018. The new Swamiji (Mathadeesha) Shri Vedavardhana Thirtha (Purvashrama nama: Aniruddha Saralatthaya) was anointed on 14 May 2021 after traditional religious rituals as per Madhva tradition by H. H. Shre Vishwavallabha Theertha Swamiji of Sode Matha.

Udupi
Udupi (Kannada: [uɖupi]) also known as Odipu (Tulu: [oɖipu]) is a city in the Indian state of Karnataka. It is the administrative headquarters of Udupi district, and one of the fastest-growing cities in Karnataka. Udupi is one of the top tourist attractions in Karnataka and has various educational institutions. It is notable for the Krishna Temple and is also known as the temple city. It also lends its name to the popular Udupi cuisine, is also known as Parashurama Kshetra, and is famous for Kanakana kindi. Udupi district is located in western part of Karnataka.
Sanganji shell mound
Sanganji shell mound is a Late-to-Final Jōmon shell mound in Shinchi, Fukushima, Tōhoku region, Japan. The shell mound was excavated in 1952 by the Special Committee for Jomon Chronology of the Japanese
Archaeological Association and in 1954 by the University of Tokyo Department of Anthropology. The remains of over 40 individuals were excavated from the site. The remains are now housed in The University Museum at the University of Tokyo.

Shinchi, Fukushima
Shinchi (新地町, Shinchi-machi) is a town located in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 February 2020, the town has an estimated population of 8,152, and a population density of 170 inhabitants per square kilometre (440/sq mi) in 2832 households. The total area is 46.70 square kilometres (18.03 sq mi).
Love Somebody (Morgan Wallen song)
"Love Somebody" is a song by American country music singer Morgan Wallen. It was released on October 18, 2024, through Big Loud, Republic, and Mercury Records, as the second single from his fourth studio album I'm the Problem (2025), and follows the lead single "Lies Lies Lies". The song has charted at number one in the United States as well as within the top five in Canada and Norway and the top 20 in Ireland and Sweden.

Big Loud
Big Loud is an American independent multi-sector entertainment company located in Nashville. It consists of a record label, along with music publishing and talent management divisions. Big Loud was founded in 2013 by Craig Wiseman, Joey Moi, Kevin "Chief" Zaruk, and Seth England. Artists who have recorded for Big Loud include Florida Georgia Line, Morgan Wallen, Chris Lane, Dallas Smith, and Hardy.
Jim Kirkpatrick (Illinois politician)
Jim Kirkpatrick was a Democratic member of the Illinois House of Representatives, representing the 117th district for a brief period in January 2017. He was appointed to fill the vacancy left by John Bradley's early retirement after the latter's loss to Dave Severin. The 117th district, located in Southern Illinois and parts of the Metro Lakeland area, includes all or parts of Benton, Buckner, Bush, Cambria, Carbondale, Carterville, Christopher, Colp, Crab Orchard, Creal Springs, Energy, Ewing, Freeman Spur, Granville, Hanaford, Herrin, Hurst, Johnston City, Macedonia, Marion, McLeansboro, Mulkeytown, North City, Orient, Pittsburg, Royalton, Sesser, Spillertown, Stonefort, Thompsonville, Valier, West City, West Frankfort, Whiteash, and Zeigler.

Granville, Illinois
Granville is a village in Putnam County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2020 census, Granville had a population of 1,359. It is the largest community in Putnam County. It is part of the Ottawa Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Mathesis (journal)
Mathesis: Recueil Mathématique was a Belgian scientific journal for elementary mathematics, established in 1881 by Paul Mansion and Joseph Jean Baptiste Neuberg.

An earlier Belgian mathematics journal, Nouvelle Correspondance Mathématique, was established in 1874 by Mansion and Neuberg together with Eugène Catalan. In 1880, Nouvelle Correspondance ceased publication, and Mansion and Neuberg together launched its successor, Mathesis, in 1881. Mathesis ceased publication in 1915 because of the war in Europe, but restarted again under the editorship of Neuberg and Adolphe Mineur in 1922 as the official journal of the Belgian Mathematical Society, which itself was founded in 1921. It continued in publication until 1965.

Elementary mathematics
Elementary mathematics, also known as primary or secondary school mathematics, is the study of mathematics topics that are commonly taught at the primary or secondary school levels around the world. It includes a wide range of mathematical concepts and skills, including number sense, algebra, geometry, measurement, and data analysis. These concepts and skills form the foundation for more advanced mathematical study and are essential for success in many fields and everyday life. The study of elementary mathematics is a crucial part of a student's education and lays the foundation for future academic and career success.
Conspiracy Island
Conspiracy Island is a privately owned tidal island situated in the Assonet River off Berkley, Massachusetts.

According to the 2000 census, Conspiracy Island is uninhabited.  In very low tides, the island is actually a peninsula, accessible across a sandy stretch of land connecting it to a nearby beach.

A Gazetteer of the State of Massachusetts, published in 1890, describes the history of localities in Massachusetts.  In its listing for Berkley, the book states that the island may have received its name from its connection to King Philip, himself the namesake of King Philip's War. Berkley's history also includes a legend that in 1675 on Conspiracy Island King Phillip formed his confederacy.

Tidal island
A tidal island is a raised area of land within a waterbody, which is connected to the larger mainland by a natural isthmus or man-made causeway that is exposed at low tide and submerged at high tide, causing the land to switch between being a promontory/peninsula and an island depending on tidal conditions.

Because of the mystique surrounding tidal islands, many of them have been sites of religious worship, such as Mont-Saint-Michel with its Benedictine abbey.  Tidal islands are also commonly the sites of fortresses because of the natural barrier created by the tidal channel.
Etschtal
The Etschtal, Italian: Val d'Adige or Valle dell'Adige, is the name given to a part of alpine valley of the Adige in Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy, which stretches from Merano to Bolzano and from Salorno to Rovereto.

South of Rovereto, the valley's name changes to Vallagarina, but Val d'Adige is often used to define the whole river valley, up to its entrance into the Padan Plain.

The valley separates: at the top, the Alps (to the West) from the Dolomites (to the East); at the bottom the Pre-Alps and Lake Garda (to the West) from the Venetian pre-Alps (to the East).

Merano
Merano or Meran is a comune (municipality) in South Tyrol, Northern Italy. Generally best known for its spa resorts, it is located within a basin, surrounded by mountains standing up to 3,335 metres (10,942 feet) above sea level, at the entrance to the Passeier Valley and the Vinschgau.

The city has been a popular place of residence for several scientists, literary people, and artists, including Franz Kafka, Paul Lazarsfeld and also Empress Elisabeth of Austria, who appreciated its mild climate.
Embryocardia
Embryocardia is a condition in which S1 and S2 (the two heart sounds that produce the typical "lubb-dubb" sound of the heart) become indistinguishable and equally spaced. Thus the normal "lubb-dubb" rhythm of the heart becomes a "tic-toc" rhythm resembling the heart sounds of a fetus. This indicates a serious loss of natural fluctuation and often precedes a fatal collapse. This condition is observed in myocarditis.

Cardiac cycle
The cardiac cycle is the performance of the human heart from the beginning of one heartbeat to the beginning of the next. It consists of two periods: one during which the heart muscle relaxes and refills with blood, called diastole, following a period of robust contraction and pumping of blood, called systole. After emptying, the heart relaxes and expands to receive another influx of blood returning from the lungs and other systems of the body, before again contracting.

Assuming a healthy heart and a typical rate of 70 to 75 beats per minute, each cardiac cycle, or heartbeat, takes about 0.8 second to complete the cycle. Duration of the cardiac cycle is inversely proportional to the heart rate.
2010 China Open (snooker)
The 2010 Sanyuan Foods China Open was a professional ranking snooker tournament that took place between 29 March and 4 April 2010 at the Beijing University Students' Gymnasium in Beijing, China. This was the first time that the China Open was sponsored by Sanyuan Foods.

Peter Ebdon was the defending champion, but he lost 2–5 to Ding Junhui in the quarter-finals.

Mark Williams won in the final, 10–6, against Ding Junhui.

Beijing University Students' Gymnasium
39°58′07″N 116°20′57″E﻿ / ﻿39.9686833°N 116.34907826°E﻿ / 39.9686833; 116.34907826

Beijing University Students Gymnasium (simplified Chinese: 北京大学生体育馆; traditional Chinese: 北京大學生體育館; pinyin: Běijīng Dàxuéshēng Tǐyùguǎn) is an indoor arena located in 11 N 3rd Ring Road W, Haidian District, Beijing, China. It is affiliated to the Capital Institute of Physical Education in Beijing, China. The gymnasium has a floor space of 12,000 square metres and 4,200 seats. The gymnasium was built in 1988 and hosted the basketball events of the 1990 Asian Games. Currently the stadium is hosting the annual snooker event of China Open.

It is necessary to point out that the Chinese name of Beijing University Students' Gymnasium (北京大学生体育馆) is only one character away from Peking University Gymnasium (北京大学体育馆), which are so similar that easily cause confusion by foreigners.
Duncan Macfarlan
Duncan Macfarlan (1771–1857) was a Scottish minister. He was twice Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland both in 1819 and in its most critical year of 1843. He was Principal of Glasgow University from 1823 to 1857.

Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland
The moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland is the minister or elder chosen to moderate (chair) the annual General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, which is held for a week in Edinburgh every year. After chairing the Assembly, the Moderator then spends the following year representing the Church of Scotland at civic events, and visiting congregations and projects in Scotland and beyond.

As the Church of Scotland is Scotland's national church, and as a presbyterian church has no bishops, the Moderator is – arguably alongside the Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland – the most prominent figure in the life of Church of Scotland adherents.
Samuel Madden (priest)
Samuel Tarrant Owen Madden (b Mallow, County Cork 6 September 1831 – d Cork 25 June 1891) was a nineteenth century Anglican priest.

Madden was educated at Trinity College, Dublin, graduating BA in 1854 and MA in 1861. He was ordained in 1857 and began his career with curacies at Buttevant and Cork. He was Vicar choral of Cork Cathedral from 1867 to 1869. He was Rector of St Paul, Cork from 1869 to 1875, and of Holy Trinity, Cork from 1875 to 1878. He became Precentor of Cork in 1874, and Dean in 1878. He died at The Deanery in Cork after a period of ill health.

Mallow, County Cork
Mallow (/ˈmæloʊ/; Irish: Mala) is a town in County Cork, Ireland, approximately thirty-five kilometres north of Cork City. Mallow is in a townland and civil parish of the same name, in the barony of Fermoy.

It is the administrative centre of north County Cork, and the Northern Divisional Offices of Cork County Council are located in the town. Mallow is part of the Cork North-Central Dáil constituency after being moved from the Cork East Dáil Constituency in 2023.
Brahmadev Anand Paswan
Brahmadev Anand Paswan is an Indian politician. He was elected to the Rajya Sabha (upper house of the parliament of India) on 28 May 1993, from the Bihar Legislative Assembly constituency. He represented the Janata Dal at the time. According to one narrative, it was Paswan's poetry that attracted the attention of the Janata Dal chief Laloo Prasad Yadav and enabled his election to the Rajya Sabha. His tenure in the Rajya Sabha lasted from 1 June 1993 to 2 April 1994.

Paswan became national chief patron of Indian National Trade Union Congress, Paswan was named as the Bahujan Samaj Party candidate for the Jamui Lok Sabha seat in the 2014 general election.

Janata Dal
Janata Dal (lit. 'People's Party') was an Indian political party which was formed through the merger of Lok Dal, Jagjivan's Congress, and Jan Morcha on 11 October 1988—the birth anniversary of Jayaprakash Narayan under the leadership of V. P. Singh.
Arthur Cyril Boyce
Arthur Cyril Boyce (September 12, 1867 – August 4, 1942) was a Canadian politician.

Born in Wakefield, West Yorkshire, England, Boyce was educated at private educational institutions in Wakefield, York and Carlisle, England, and Osgoode Hall Law School, Toronto. A lawyer, he practised law in Port Arthur (1890–1892), Rat Portage (1893–1903) and in Sault Ste. Marie.

He represented the electoral district of Algoma West in the House of Commons of Canada from 1904 to 1917, during which time he became involved in the case of Angelina Napolitano, a Sault Ste. Marie woman who became the first in Canada to use the battered woman defence. He was a member of the Conservative Party.

He died in Toronto on August 4, 1942.

Algoma West
Algoma West was a federal electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1904 to 1968. It was created in 1903 from parts of Algoma riding.

The west riding of Algoma was defined to consist of the portion of the territorial district of Algoma lying west of Algoma East riding.

The electoral district was abolished in 1966 when it was redistributed between Algoma, Cochrane,
Sault Ste. Marie and Timmins—Chapleau ridings.
Algoma West was created in 1903 from Algoma, and was abolished in 1966 into Algoma and Sault Ste. Marie.
Fama–French three-factor model
In asset pricing and portfolio management, the Fama–French three-factor model is a statistical model designed in 1992 by Eugene Fama and Kenneth French to describe stock returns. Fama and French were colleagues at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business, where Fama still works. In 2013, Fama shared the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for his empirical analysis of asset prices. The three factors are:

Market excess return,

Outperformance of small versus big companies, and

Outperformance of high book/market versus low book/market companies

There is academic debate about the last two factors.

Statistical model
A statistical model is a mathematical model that embodies a set of statistical assumptions concerning the generation of sample data (and similar data from a larger population). A statistical model represents, often in considerably idealized form, the data-generating process. When referring specifically to probabilities, the corresponding term is probabilistic model. All statistical hypothesis tests and all statistical estimators are derived via statistical models. More generally, statistical models are part of the foundation of statistical inference. A statistical model is usually specified as a mathematical relationship between one or more random variables and other non-random variables.  As such, a statistical model is "a formal representation of a theory" (Herman Adèr quoting Kenneth Bollen).
Economy of Cornwall
The economy of Cornwall in South West England is largely dependent upon agriculture, followed by tourism. Cornwall is one of the poorest areas in the United Kingdom with a GVA of 70.9% of the national average in 2015. It is one of four areas in the UK that qualified for poverty-related grants from the EU. Farming and food processing contributed £366 million to the county's economy in 2006, equal to 5.3% of Cornwall's total GVA. The agriculture industry in Cornwall employed 9,500 people (4.9% of all Cornish employees) as of 2011. 23,700 more (12.1% of all Cornish employees) were employed in the food industry in Cornwall. The Cornish economy also depends heavily on its successful tourist industry, which contributes 12% of Cornwall's GDP and supports about 1 in 5 jobs (19% in Kerrier, Restormel and Scilly, 24% in Penwith, 23% in North Cornwall, 22% in Carrick and 14% in Caradon). Tourism contributed £1.85 billion to the Cornish economy in 2011.

Penwith
Penwith (/ˌpɛnˈwɪθ/; Cornish: Pennwydh) is an area of Cornwall, England, located on the peninsula of the same name. It is also the name of a former local government district, whose council was based in Penzance. The area is named after one of the ancient administrative hundreds of Cornwall which derives from two Cornish words, penn meaning 'headland' and wydh meaning 'at the end'.

Natural England have designated the peninsula as national character area 156 and named it West Penwith. It is also known as the Land's End Peninsula.
Pillans
Pillans is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Albert Pillans (1869–1901), English cricketer

Francis Pillans (1810–1889), member of the New Zealand Legislative Council

James Pillans (1778–1864), Scottish classical scholar and educational reformer

Mat Pillans (born 1991), South African cricketer

Neville Stuart Pillans (1884-1964), South African botanist

Robert Pillans (1860–1941), Scottish-born Australian politician

Mat Pillans
Mathew William Pillans (born 4 July 1991) is a South African cricketer who plays for Yorkshire, having previously played for Surrey. Primarily a right-arm fast-medium bowler, he also bats right handed. Pillans holds a British passport.

In August 2018, Pillans signed a three-year contract with Yorkshire, and joined them initially on loan until the end of the 2018 season.
Adam Klugman
Adam Somers Klugman (born July 11, 1963) is an American media strategist and campaign consultant. He and his older brother David are the sons of stage, film, and television actor Jack Klugman and actress, singer, and comedian Brett Somers. He had an older half-sister Leslie Klein (d. 2006) from his mother's first marriage. As a child, Adam appeared with his father on The Odd Couple.

He was a top-10 finalist in the 2003 MoveOn.org "Bushin30Seconds" contest and winner of the 2004 Democratic National Committee (DNC) Video Contest with "America's Party". His more recent projects include Mad As Hell Doctors and First Freedom First.

A resident of West Linn, Oregon, Klugman has worked on local elections, including ones for "No Growth" candidates in West Linn and for Oregon Ballot Measure 49. From 2010 to 2012, he hosted a radio show called Mad as Hell in America with Adam Klugman.

Brett Somers
Brett Somers (born Audrey Dawn Johnston; July 11, 1924 – September 15, 2007) was a Canadian-American game-show personality, actress, and singer. Somers was best known as a panelist on the 1970s game show Match Game and for her recurring role as Blanche Madison opposite her real-life husband, actor Jack Klugman, on ABC's The Odd Couple.
Alistair Walker
Alistair "Al" Walker (born 21 March 1944 in Dewsbury, Yorkshire – died 25 January 2021 in Dale, Pembrokeshire) was a racing driver from England.  He participated in Formula 3, Formula 2, World Championship of Makes, and the South African Springbok Series.  After his active racing career was over, he participated in some Historic Racing and restored several significant historic vehicles.  In 2004 Alistair bought a WWII RAF Air Sea Rescue boat, one of few survivors of the type, in rough condition and commenced a restoration.  The boat was finished in time to represent the RAF Museum in Queen Elizabeth's 2012 Thames Diamond Jubilee Pageant.

Dale, Pembrokeshire
Dale is a small village and community in Pembrokeshire, Wales, located on the peninsula which forms the northern side of the entrance to the Milford Haven Waterway. The village has 205 inhabitants according to the 2001 census, increasing to 225 at the 2011 Census.
Dan-Ola Eckerman
Dan-Ola Eckerman (born 26 March 1963 in Turku, died 25 May 1994 in Turku) was a Finnish football goalkeeper.

Eckerman spent his entire career in his hometown club Turun Palloseura. From 1983 to 1991 he played 175 matches in the Premier Division. He also had four international caps in Finland national football team.

Turun Palloseura
Turun Palloseura, commonly known as TPS, is a professional football club based in Turku, Finland. Since winning promotion in 2025, the men's team competes in Veikkausliiga, the highest tier. Nicknamed "Tepsi", the club was founded in 1922.

TPS have won 8 League titles and 3 Finnish Cups. They play their home league matches at Veritas Stadion, with a capacity of 9,372 seats for most matches.
Park Wrekin Gymnastics Club
Park Wrekin Gymnastics Club is a British artistic gymnastics academy located in Telford, Shropshire. The club has produced several British women's national team members including Olympic, World and European medallist Alice Kinsella.

Park Wrekin has been coached by Christine Still MBE since 1990, a former British national team coach and BBC Sports commentator.

As well as its own facilities, Park Gymnastic Centre, the club also use the Lilleshall National Sports Centre.

BBC Sport
BBC Sport is the sports division of the BBC, providing national sports coverage for BBC television, radio and online. The BBC holds the television and radio UK broadcasting rights to several sports, broadcasting the sport live or alongside flagship analysis programmes such as Match of the Day, Test Match Special, Ski Sunday and Today at Wimbledon. Results, analysis and coverage is also added to the BBC Sport website and through the BBC Red Button interactive television service.
European route E97
European route E 97 is an A-class European Route in Ukraine, Russia, Georgia, and Turkey. The highway runs for 1,360 kilometres (850 mi) in total. It connects the North Black Sea region with the South Black Sea region along the eastern shores of the sea.

Gümüşhane
Gümüşhane (Turkish: [ɟyˈmyʃhaːne] ⓘ) is a city in the Black Sea Region of Turkey. It is the seat of Gümüşhane Province and Gümüşhane District. Its population is 39,214 (2022). The city lies along the Harşit River, about 40 miles (64 km) southwest of Trabzon. The city lies at an elevation of 1,153 m (3,783 ft).
Ricochet (TV production company)
Ricochet is a British television production company that produces factual and entertainment programmes for broadcast by networks in both the United Kingdom and the United States. It has been owned Warner Bros. Television Studios UK since 2005.

Supernanny
Supernanny is a British reality television programme about parents struggling with their children's behaviour, mealtime routines, potty training, etc. It features Jo Frost, a professional nanny who devotes each episode to helping a family where the parents are struggling with child-rearing. Through instruction and observation, she shows parents alternative ways to discipline their children and regain order in their households. Frost is a proponent of the "naughty chair" theory of discipline and is strictly opposed to spanking.

The programme aired on Channel 4 from 7 July 2004 to 8 October 2008. A follow-up programme, Jo Frost: Extreme Parental Guidance, ran from 9 February 2010 to 5 August 2012. Supernanny has been adapted in other countries, including an American version (also with Frost).