hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2019 Tour de Yorkshire
The 2019 Tour de Yorkshire was a four-day cycling stage race held in Yorkshire over 2–5 May 2019. It was the fifth edition of the Tour de Yorkshire, organised by Welcome to Yorkshire and the Amaury Sport Organisation. The race was rated as a 2.HC event as part of the UCI Europe Tour.

The race started in Doncaster on 2 May and finished in Leeds on 5 May. It was broadcast on ITV. This was the last race to be held prior to its cancellation in March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Amaury Sport Organisation
The Amaury Sport Organisation (ASO and also A.S.O.) is a private company, founded in 1992, that is part of the privately owned French media group Éditions Philippe Amaury (EPA). ASO organises the Tour de France and other cycling races, as well as golf, running, sailing and off-road motorsport events over 250 days of competition per year, with 90 events in 30 countries. The president of ASO is Jean-Etienne Amaury, the son of Philippe Amaury and Marie-Odile Amaury, and grandson of EPA founder, Émilien Amaury.
August Penguin
August Penguin is an annual gathering (since 2002) of the Israeli Free Software community, organized by Hamakor. The conference is held on the first Friday in August (hence its name), usually in the Tel Aviv area. It lasts one day and includes technical talks, projects' status updates, social meetings and followed by a keysigning party.

During the conference, the winner of Hamakor Prize for free software-related achievements is announced.

Keysigning
Keysigning is the process of digitally signing someone else's public key using one's own.
A more correct term would be certificate signing, since the actual key material is not changed by the process of signing. However, in the PGP community it is customary not to distinguish in speaking between someone's key and certificate, and the term keysigning is used. (The term PGP refers here to all implementations of the OpenPGP standard, such as GnuPG.)

Users of PGP sign one another's keys to indicate to any third party that the signer trusts the signee. This enables someone who trusts the signer to extend her trust to the signee as well. In this way, a web of trust is built.

PGP users often organize key signing parties, where many people meet in person to verify each other's identity using some printed certificate of identity and then sign each other's keys.
Peace Together
Peace Together was a 20 July 1993 fundraiser compilation album released by the Peace Together organisation, dedicated to promoting peace in Northern Ireland, which was initiated by Robert Hamilton, of The Fat Lady Sings, and Ali McMordie of Stiff Little Fingers. Sasha King and Lisa Johnson also joined the Peace Together team at the inception.

Tracks 1 and 13 feature contributions from Peter Gabriel, Sinéad O'Connor, Feargal Sharkey, Nanci Griffith, Jah Wobble, Clive Langer, and members of the Hothouse Flowers.

The track "Be Still" was released as a single to promote the album, it is a cover version of a song by The Fat Lady Sings from their debut album Twist. The song was written by Nick Kelly who also plays acoustic guitar on the track.

Clive Langer
Clive Langer (born 19 June 1954) is an English record producer and songwriter, active from the mid-1970s onwards.

He usually works with Alan Winstanley. He composed the music for the films Still Crazy (1998) and Brothers of the Head (2005).
Dover Phillies
The Dover Phillies were a minor league baseball team that played in Dover, Delaware, as part of the Eastern Shore League. Dover first played in 1889 as members of the Delaware State League. The Eastern Shore League team began as the Dover Senators (or Dobbins) from 1923–1926 and then returned as the Dover Orioles (an affiliate of the Baltimore Orioles of the International League) from 1937–1940. Then after World War II they became a Philadelphia Phillies affiliate from 1946–1948.

Delaware State League
The Delaware State League was a minor league baseball league that played briefly in the 1889 season. The five–team Independent level Delaware State League consisted exclusively of teams based in Delaware. The Delaware State League played only the 1889 season, with Dover winning the league championship.
Daphne Osborne
Daphne J. Osborne (7 March 1930 – 16 June 2006) was a British botanist. Her research in the field of plant physiology spanned five decades and resulted in over two hundred papers, twenty of which were published in Nature. Her obituary in The Times described her scientific achievements as "legendary"; that from the Botanical Society of America attributed her success to "her wonderful intellectual style, combined with her proclivity for remarkable and perceptive experimental findings".

Her research focused on plant hormones, seed biology and plant DNA repair. She is best known for her work on the gas ethylene, in particular for demonstrating that ethylene is a natural plant hormone, and that it is the major regulator of ageing and the shedding of leaves and fruits. She also originated the concept of the target cell as a model for understanding plant hormone action.

Auxin
Auxins (plural of auxin /ˈɔːksɪn/) are a class of plant hormones (or plant-growth regulators) with some morphogen-like characteristics. Auxins play a cardinal role in coordination of many growth and behavioral processes in plant life cycles and are essential for plant body development. The Dutch biologist Frits Warmolt Went first described auxins and their role in plant growth in the 1920s.
Kenneth V. Thimann became the first to isolate one of these phytohormones and to determine its chemical structure as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Went and Thimann co-authored a book on plant hormones, Phytohormones, in 1937.
Wełnin
Wełnin [ˈvɛu̯nin] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Solec-Zdrój, within Busko County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) south of Solec-Zdrój, 19 km (12 mi) south-east of Busko-Zdrój, and 63 km (39 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce.

Busko County
Busko (Polish: powiat buski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Busko-Zdrój, which lies 47 kilometres (29 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce.

The county covers an area of 967.39 square kilometres (373.5 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 67,821, out of which the population of Busko-Zdrój is 15,832 and the rural population is 51,989.
Escape from L.A. (film score)
Escape from L.A.: Original Score Album From the Motion Picture  is the score by John Carpenter and Shirley Walker to the film of the same name. It was released on August 27, 1996 through Milan Records. A limited expanded edition was released in February, 2014 through La-La Land Records.

Escape from L.A.
Escape from L.A. (stylized on-screen as John Carpenter's Escape from L.A.) is a 1996 American post-apocalyptic action film co-written, co-scored, and directed by John Carpenter, co-written and produced by Debra Hill and Kurt Russell, with Russell reprising his role as Snake Plissken. A sequel to Escape from New York (1981), the film co-stars Steve Buscemi, Stacy Keach, Bruce Campbell, Peter Fonda, and Pam Grier.

The film, set in a then-near-future world of 2013, sees the United States ruled by a theocratic President for life. Los Angeles, after an earthquake severed the city from the mainland, has been constructed as a prison-like island. When the president's daughter steals the remote of a new superweapon and escapes to L.A., Plissken is recruited to retrieve the remote in exchange for the waiving of his upcoming deportation.

Released on August 9, 1996, Escape from L.A. was a box office and critical failure.
Metro FM Music Award for Song of the Year
The Metro FM Music Award for Song of the Year, is the main award of the Metro FM Music Awards. It was first awarded in 2006 and it has been given out annually ever since, the award contains numerous nominations as compared to other categories every ceremony.

The award was first received by the South African musical trio Teargas for "Chances" in 2006.

Teargas (musical ensemble)
Teargas was a South African musical ensemble comprising K.O and  brothers, Ntukza and Ma-E.  The trio officially emerged in post-2004, signed a recording deal with Electromode Music and released debut studio album K’shubile K’bovu (2006).
Gone But Not Forgotten (song)
"Gone But Not Forgotten" is a song by American country rock singer Brantley Gilbert, released on September 17, 2021 as the first promotional single from Gilbert's seventh studio album, So Help Me God. The song was dedicated to the men and women of the United States Military.

Country rock
Country rock is a music genre that fuses rock and country. It was developed by rock musicians who began to record country-flavored records and country musicians who implemented rock flavor into country records in the late 1960s and early 1970s. These musicians recorded records blending rock with country themes, vocal styles, and additional instrumentation, most characteristically pedal steel guitars. Country rock began in the late 60s with artists like the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, International Submarine Band, The Flying Burrito Brothers, The Byrds, Bob Dylan, Bob Seger and Poco, reaching its greatest popularity in the 1970s with artists such as Eagles, Grateful Dead, Gram Parsons and New Riders of the Purple Sage. Country rock also influenced artists in other genres, including The Band, the Grateful Dead, Creedence Clearwater Revival, The Rolling Stones, and George Harrison's solo work, as well as playing a part in the development of Southern rock.
Gaziya
Gaziya (Russian: Газия; Kaitag: Гъазийа) is a rural locality (a selo) in Barshamaysky Selsoviet, Kaytagsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. The population was 388 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

Kaytagsky District
Kaytagsky District (Russian: Кайта́гский райо́н; Dargwa: Хайдакъла райун; Kumyk: Хайдакълы якъ, Xaydaqlı yaq) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the forty-one in the Republic of Dagestan, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the republic. The area of the district is 678.24 square kilometers (261.87 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Madzhalis. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 31,368, with the population of Madzhalis accounting for 21.7% of that number.
Chet Baker
Chesney Henry "Chet" Baker Jr. (December 23, 1929 – May 13, 1988) was an American jazz trumpeter and vocalist. He is known for major innovations in cool jazz that led him to be nicknamed the "Prince of Cool".

Baker earned much attention and critical praise through the 1950s, particularly for albums featuring his vocals: Chet Baker Sings (1954) and It Could Happen to You (1958). Jazz historian Dave Gelly described the promise of Baker's early career as "James Dean, Sinatra, and Bix, rolled into one". His well-publicized drug habit also drove his notoriety and fame. Baker was in and out of jail frequently before enjoying a career resurgence in the late 1970s and 1980s.

Tabloid journalism
Tabloid journalism is a popular style of largely sensationalist journalism, which takes its name from the tabloid newspaper format: a small-sized newspaper also known as a half broadsheet. The size became associated with sensationalism, and tabloid journalism replaced the earlier label of yellow journalism and scandal sheets.: 73  Not all newspapers associated with tabloid journalism are tabloid size, and not all tabloid-size newspapers engage in tabloid journalism; since around the year 2000, many broadsheet newspapers converted to the more compact tabloid format.

In some cases, celebrities have successfully sued tabloids for libel, demonstrating that the tabloid's stories have defamed them. Publications engaging in tabloid journalism are also known as rag newspapers or simply rags. In the 21st century, tabloid journalism has shifted to online platforms targeting youth consumers with celebrity news and entertainment.
Group A nerve fiber
Group A nerve fibers are one of the three classes of nerve fiber as generally classified by Erlanger and Gasser. The other two classes are the group B nerve fibers, and the group C nerve fibers. Group A are heavily myelinated, group B are moderately myelinated, and group C are unmyelinated.

The other classification is a sensory grouping that uses the terms type Ia and type Ib, type II, type III, and type IV, sensory fibers.

Herbert Spencer Gasser
Herbert Spencer Gasser (July 5, 1888 – May 11, 1963) was an American physiologist, and recipient of the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1944 for his work with action potentials in nerve fibers while on the faculty of Washington University in St. Louis, awarded jointly with Joseph Erlanger.
USS Panay (1899)
USS Panay was laid down for the Spanish Navy in 1884 by Cavite Navy Yard; completed in 1885; purchased by the United States Army upon American occupation of the Philippines; and transferred to the United States Navy in 1899. She commissioned on 3 June 1899, Ensign Harris Laning in command.

Naval Station Pascual Ledesma
Naval Station Pascual Ledesma, also known as Cavite Naval Base or Cavite Navy Yard, is a military installation of the Philippine Navy in Cavite City.

In the 1940s and '50s, it was called Philippine Navy Operating Base. The 9-hectare (22-acre) naval base is located at the easternmost end of Cavite Point in the San Roque district (specifically Fort San Felipe) of the city. Via traffic lane, this naval establishment is next to the famous Samonte Park. It was the former extension of U.S. Naval Station Sangley Point (transferred to the Philippines in 1971) which is now Naval Station Heracleo Alano. In 2009, it was named after Cmdre. Pascual Ledesma (b. May 17, 1843 – d. June 6, 1917), a leader of the Philippine Revolution and the first Officer-In-Command of the Philippine Navy.
1979 South African Professional Championship
The 1979 South African Professional Championship was a non-ranking snooker tournament, which took place in August 1979.
The tournament featured five exclusively South African players - Derek Mienie, Jimmy van Rensberg, Mannie Francisco, Peter Francisco and the incumbent champion, Perrie Mans.

Mienie won the title, beating van Rensberg 9–6 in the final.

Manuel Francisco
Manuel Francisco (died 2020, aged 84) was a South African professional snooker and billiards player who won the South African amateur Snooker Championship 6 times.

Francisco came from a snooker-playing family. His brother Silvino and eldest son Peter both played at a high level, Silvino himself winning the amateur title 4 times, and Peter having risen to the world ranking of number 14.

He won the national billiard championships 14 times since his first victory in 1959. Francisco came second in the world amateur billiard championships in 1969. He was the first double Springbok in snooker and billiards and set a world record for amateurs in 1965 with a break of 518.
Young Communists
Young Communists can refer to:

Young Communists (Catalonia)

Young Communists (Czech Republic)

Mouvement Jeunes Communistes de France

Young Communists (Italy)

Young Communists in Norway

Young Communist League, the name of several organisations

Young Communists in Norway
The Young Communists in Norway (UngKom) is the youth wing of the Norwegian Communist Party. The Youth Communists in Norway is a Marxist-Leninist organization. 
The UngKom prints and hands out the communist paper Kameraten ('The Comrade').
The organization was formed after a conflict between the leaders of the Young Communist League of Norway (NKU) and the Norwegian Communist Party resulting that a few former members of NKU as well as some newcomers forming a new communist youth, with the same name as NKU, organization together with the communist party. In 2008 the new NKU was forced by the Oslo District Court to change its name and logo and therefore the organization became The Youth Communists in Norway.
SNP Students
SNP Students (also known as the Federation of Student Nationalists) is the student wing of the Scottish National Party (SNP), representing students in Scottish higher education. It was formed in 1961 when various student organisations supportive of Scottish independence and the SNP in particular decided to join forces into a new constituent body.

Unlike Young Scots for Independence, which is the youth wing of the SNP, the group is for those in higher education and membership is not restricted by age.

The organisation has branches at most of Scotland's universities, and regularly campaigns for independence and a host of other policies across the country.

Student wing
A student wing is a subsidiary, autonomous, or independently allied front of a larger organization that is formed in order to rally support from students and focus on student specific issues, typically of those attending college or university. Student wings may also be discussion forums for student members and supporters of the organization to debate policy and ideology. In countries which permit political party representation in students' representative councils, student wings of political parties may nominate and campaign for candidates in student elections.
Sandaker senter tram stop
Sandaker senter is a tram stop on the Grünerløkka–Torshov Line of the Oslo Tramway network. It is located in the borough of Sagene in Oslo, Norway.  Sandaker senter is right next to the mall (the namesake of the tram stop itself; Sandaker senter.) It is also located near Sagene Fire Station and a mill called Bjølsen Valsemølle. This mill was part of the former Grain Tram system, in which special trams transported grain from the silos at Vippetangen. They stopped transporting grain in 1967, after running for 49 years.

Vippetangen
Vippetangen is the southern tip of the Akersnes peninsula in central Oslo, Norway, located southeast of Akershus Fortress and bounded on three sides by the Oslofjord. It has in the past served as an important part of the port of Oslo. The area is currently undergoing urban renewal as part of the Fjord City development.
Franklin Nazareno
Franklin Andrés Nazareno Macías (born 24 April 1987) is an Ecuadorian sprinter who specializes in the 200 metres. He was born in Portoviejo, Manabí. His personal best time is 20.47 seconds, achieved in June 2007 in Cochabamba. In the 100 metres he has 10.22 seconds, achieved in March 2007 in Cuenca and repeated this same brand in other different cities (La Paz) in the 2008 for becoming the best sprinter in the history of Ecuador and the athlete more often repeated the brand to enter the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games.

He finished sixth at the 2006 World Junior Championships. He also competed at the 2007 World Championships and the 2008 Olympic Games without reaching the final. In Beijing he placed 5th in his 100 metres heat in a time of 10.60 seconds, while he placed 8th in his 200 metres heat, running the distance in 21.26 seconds.

2007 World Championships in Athletics
The 11th World Championships in Athletics, (Japanese: 2007年世界陸上競技選手権大会) under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF), were held at Nagai Stadium in Osaka, Japan from 24 August to 2 September 2007. 200 of the IAAF's 212 member federations entered a total of 1,978 athletes, the greatest number of competitors at any World Championships to date. Sarah Brightman, the world's best-selling soprano, performed her single Running at the opening ceremony.
Strazde
Strazde is a village in the Strazde Parish of Talsi Municipality in the Courland region of Latvia. It is the center of the parish. The village is located near the A10 road, 20 km from the municipal center of Talsi and 99 km from Riga.

Strazde has a parish administration, a shop, a post office, a library, and a leisure center. The local architectural monument is the manor complex with a park.

Courland
Courland is one of the Historical Latvian Lands in western Latvia. Courland's largest city is Liepāja, which is the third largest city in Latvia.

The literal meaning of the name is "Land of Curonians".
Billboard Top Country & Western Records of 1953
Billboard Top Country & Western Records of 1953 is made up of two year-end charts compiled by Billboard magazine ranking the year's top country and western records based on record sales and juke box plays.

Hank Williams died on January 1, 1953, but still dominated the 1953 country and western charts. He had five songs on the year-end charts, and "Kaw-Liga" and "Your Cheating Heart" were the year's No. 1 and No. 2 selling country records. In addition, Jack Cardwell's "The Death of Hank Williams" ranked No. 19 on the year-end chart.

On the juke box chart, "Mexican Joe" by newcomer Jim Reeves was the No. 1 most-played record of 1953.

Jim Reeves
James Travis Reeves (August 20, 1923 – July 31, 1964) was an American singer, songwriter, and musician. One of the earliest pioneers and practitioners of the Nashville sound, he played a central role in the sonic development of country music in the 1960s. Known as "Gentleman Jim", his songs continued to chart for years after his death in a plane crash. He is a member of both the Country Music and Texas Country Music Halls of Fame.
Herbert M. Fox House
The Herbert M. Fox House is a pioneer farmhouse in Becker, Minnesota, United States.  It was built in 1876 with an unusual construction method using load-bearing vertical planks rather than wall studs.   It originally stood in Santiago Township, was moved to Becker in 1981, and moved again in 2006 to the grounds of the Sherburne History Center.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980 for its local significance in the themes of architecture and exploration/settlement.  It was nominated for being an example of early pioneer architecture in Minnesota, representing the houses of mid-19th-century subsistence farmers while displaying a rare vernacular construction method.

Wall stud
Cripple

Window header

Top plate / upper wall plate

Window sill

Stud

Sill plate / sole plate / bottom plate

Wall studs are framing components in timber or steel-framed walls, that run between the top and bottom plates. Studs are a fundamental element in frame building. The majority of non-masonry buildings rely on wall studs, with wood being the most common and least expensive material used for studs. Studs are positioned perpendicular to the wall they are forming to give strength and create space for wires, pipes and insulation. Studs are sandwiched between two horizontal boards called top and bottom plates. These boards are nailed or screwed to the top and bottom ends of the studs, forming the complete wall frame. Studs are usually spaced 16 or 24 inches (410 or 610 mm) apart.
Dr. Monica
Dr. Monica is a 1934 American pre-Code melodrama film produced by Warner Bros. Pictures starring Kay Francis, Warren William, and Jean Muir. An obstetrician, who is unable to have children, discovers that the baby she is about to deliver was fathered by her husband.

Jean Muir (actress)
Jean Muir (born Jean Muir Fullarton; February 13, 1911 – July 23, 1996) was an American stage and film actress. She was the first performer to be blacklisted after her name appeared in the anti-Communist pamphlet Red Channels, published in 1950. In her later years, she was a college drama teacher.