hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Canum
Canum is a village in the region of East Frisia, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is part of the municipality of Krummhörn. The village is located just to the east of the village of Pewsum.

Canum is built on a warft. It is already mentioned in 950 as Caninghem. The village church was built in the middle of the warft in the 13th century.

East Frisia
East Frisia (/ˈfriːʒə/) or East Friesland (/ˈfriːzlənd/; German: Ostfriesland; East Frisian Low Saxon: Oostfräisland; Saterland Frisian: Aastfräislound) is a historic region in the northwest of Lower Saxony, Germany. It is primarily located on the western half of the East Frisian peninsula, to the east of West Frisia and to the west of Landkreis Friesland.

Administratively, East Frisia consists of the districts Aurich, Leer and Wittmund, and the city of Emden. It has a population of approximately 469,000 people and an area of 3,142 square kilometres (1,213 sq mi).

There is a chain of islands off the coast, called the East Frisian Islands (German: Ostfriesische Inseln). From west to east, these islands are Borkum, Juist, Norderney, Baltrum, Langeoog and Spiekeroog.
National Disaster Recovery Fund
The National Disaster Recovery Fund is a disaster management fund established by the Government of Jamaica in 2008 following the extensive damage done to the island of Jamaica following Hurricane Gustav. The fund is intended to improve and enhance the efficiency of healthcare, emergency services, and education in Jamaica.

The Jamaican ambassador to the United States, Anthony Johnson appealed to the Jamaican diaspora in the United States to support the National Disaster Recovery Fund, following the major damage caused during the passage of Hurricane Gustav. Johnson spoke at the RFK Stadium in Washington D.C. on September 7, 2008, at a Reggae Fest saying, "I am appealing to you all, to assist Jamaica in its recovery process by contributing financially to the National Disaster Recovery Fund (NDRF). I am sure that many of you here have relatives back in Jamaica who were affected by the tropical storm and who are in need of your help at this time."

Jamaican Americans
Jamaican Americans are an ethnic group of Caribbean Americans who have full or partial Jamaican ancestry. The largest proportions of Jamaican Americans live in South Florida and New York City, both of which have been home to large Jamaican communities since the 1950s and the 1960s. There are also communities of Jamaican Americans residing in Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Connecticut, New Jersey, Georgia, Maryland, and California.

The vast majority of Jamaican Americans are of Afro-Caribbean descent, although smaller numbers are of full or partial Indian Jamaican, Chinese Jamaican, European and Lebanese descent.
Generation Yes (Scotland)
Generation Yes was a political organisation established to campaign for a yes vote amongst young voters in the referendum on Scottish Independence. It was established in January 2014 with an official launch two months later.

Political organisation
A political organisation is any organisation whose primary purpose is involving itself in the political process, including political parties, non-governmental organisations, and special interest advocacy groups. Political organisations are those engaged in political activities (e.g., lobbying, community organizing, campaign advertising, etc.) aimed at achieving clearly defined political goals, which typically benefit the interests of their members.

While parties are one type of political organisation that may engage in some or all of those activities, they are distinct in that they typically focus on supporting candidates for public office, winning elections and controlling government.
GalaCon
GalaCon is an annual My Little Pony fan convention held in Waiblingen, Germany organized for the fandom of the animated television series My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic, whose adult fans are commonly referred to as bronies. The convention is the largest My Little Pony fan convention in Europe and was established in 2012 as the European counterpart to BronyCon.

The next GalaCon is set to take place 5–6 September 2026 at the Bürgerzentrum Waiblingen.

Waiblingen
Waiblingen (German pronunciation: [ˈvaɪblɪŋən] ⓘ; Swabian: Woeblinge) is a town in the southwest of Germany, located in the center of the densely populated Stuttgart region, directly neighboring Stuttgart. It is the capital and largest city of the Rems-Murr district. As of 31 December 2018, Waiblingen had 55,449 inhabitants (27,334 men and 28,115 women).

As of 31 December 2004, the area of the town (including all external properties, such as forests) was 42.76 km2 (16.51 sq mi).
WHOF
WHOF (101.7 FM) is a commercial radio station licensed to North Canton, Ohio, carrying a classic hits format known as "Sunny 101.7". Owned by iHeartMedia, Inc., the station serves both the Canton and Akron metro areas and is the local affiliate for syndicated personalities Ron Wilson and Jim Brickman. WHOF's studios are located in North Canton, while the station transmitter resides in Canton. In addition to standard analog transmission, WHOF broadcasts over two HD Radio channels, and is available online via iHeartRadio. WHOF's HD2 digital subchannel features a country format under the brand "99.7 Canton's New Country", and is relayed over Canton-licensed low-power translator W259BW (99.7 FM).

Canton–Massillon metropolitan area
The Canton–Massillon Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau is an area consisting of Caroll County and Stark County in Northeast Ohio, anchored by the cities of Canton and Massillon. As of the 2020 census, the MSA had a population of 401,574. The MSA is also part of the Cleveland–Akron–Canton, OH Combined Statistical Area, which had a population of 3,633,962 in 2020, the largest CSA in Ohio.
Samta Devi
Samta Devi (born 1972) is an Indian politician from Bihar. She is a former member of the Bihar Legislative Assembly from Barachatti Assembly constituency, which is reserved for Scheduled Caste community in Gaya district. She last won the 2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election representing the Rashtriya Janata Dal.

Gaya district
Gaya district is one of the thirty-eight districts of the Indian state of Bihar. It was officially established on 3 October 1865. The district has a common boundary with the state of Jharkhand to the south. Gaya city is both the district headquarters and the second-largest city in Bihar.
69th Filmfare Awards
The 69th Filmfare Awards is a ceremony, presented by The Times Group, which honored the best Indian Hindi-language films of 2023.

Rocky Aur Rani Kii Prem Kahaani led the ceremony with 20 nominations, followed by Animal with 19 nominations, Pathaan with 16 nominations, Jawan with 15 nominations, and 12th Fail with 12 nominations.

12th Fail and Animal won 5 awards each, thus becoming the most-awarded films at the ceremony, with the former winning Best Film, Best Director (for Vidhu Vinod Chopra) and Best Actor (Critics) (for Vikrant Massey), and the latter winning Best Actor (for Ranbir Kapoor).

Shah Rukh Khan received dual nominations for Best Actor for his performances in Jawan and Dunki, but lost to Ranbir Kapoor who won the award for Animal.

Vidhu Vinod Chopra
Vidhu Vinod Chopra (born 5 September 1952) is an Indian film director, producer, screenwriter and editor. He is the recipient of several accolades, including five National Film Awards and ten Filmfare Awards. He is known for directing films such as the crime drama Parinda (1989), the patriotic romantic drama 1942: A Love Story (1994), the action drama Mission Kashmir (2000) and the biographical drama 12th Fail (2023). He is also known for producing the Munna Bhai film series, 3 Idiots (2009), PK (2014), and Sanju (2018) under his banner Vinod Chopra Films.
Gedichte im Exil
Gedichte im Exil is a 1937 collection of lyric poems by the German author Bertolt Brecht, on the subject of his exile from Germany after the Nazis took power. It was adapted for the stage as Conversations in Exile by the English playwright Howard Brenton in 1987.

Lyric poetry
Modern lyric poetry is a formal type of poetry that expresses personal emotions or feelings, typically spoken in a first-person narrative.
The term for both modern lyric poetry and modern song lyrics derives from a form of Ancient Greek literature, the Greek lyric, which was defined by its musical accompaniment, usually on an instrument known as a kithara, a seven-stringed lyre (hence "lyric"). These three are not equivalent, though song lyrics are often in the lyric mode and Ancient Greek lyric poetry was principally chanted verse.

The term owes its importance in literary theory to the division developed by Aristotle among three broad categories of poetry: lyrical, dramatic, and epic. Lyric poetry is one of the earliest forms of literature.
Dehydronorketamine
Dehydronorketamine (DHNK), or 5,6-dehydronorketamine, is a minor metabolite of ketamine which is formed by dehydrogenation of its metabolite norketamine. Though originally considered to be inactive, DHNK has been found to act as a potent and selective negative allosteric modulator of the α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (IC50 = 55 nM). For this reason, similarly to hydroxynorketamine (HNK), it has been hypothesized that DHNK may have the capacity to produce rapid antidepressant effects. However, unlike ketamine, norketamine, and HNK, DHNK has been found to be inactive in the forced swim test (FST) in mice at doses up to 50 mg/kg. DHNK is inactive at the α3β4-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (IC50 > 100 μM) and is only very weakly active at the NMDA receptor (Ki = 38.95 μM for (S)-(+)-DHNK). It can be detected 7–10 days after a modest dose of ketamine, and because of this, is useful in drug detection assays.

Alpha-3 beta-4 nicotinic receptor
The alpha-3 beta-4 nicotinic receptor, also known as the α3β4 receptor and the ganglion-type nicotinic receptor, is a type of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, consisting of α3 and β4 subunits. It is located in the autonomic ganglia and adrenal medulla, where activation yields post- and/or presynaptic excitation, mainly by increased Na+ and K+ permeability.

As with other nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, the α3β4 receptor is pentameric [(α3)m(β4)n where m + n = 5]. The exact subunit stoichiometry is not known and it is possible that more than one functional α3β4 receptor assembles in vivo with varying subunit stoichiometries.

Ligands which inhibit the α3β4 receptor have been shown to modulate drug-seeking behavior, making α3β4 a promising target for the development of novel antiaddictive agents.
Father of Greatness
The Father of Greatness (Middle Aramaic transl. abbā ḏ-rabbūṯā; Chinese: 明尊; pinyin: Míngzūn; lit. 'Radiant Lord') is the eternal divine manifestation of good in Manichaeism, a four-fold deity, embracing divinity, light, power and goodness. His throne is surrounded by at least 156 peaceful entities: 12 aeons, aeons of the aeons, and angels.

When the Prince of Darkness assaulted the Realm of Light, he invoked entities of light to ward off the invaders. These entities mingled with the demons and gave existence to the earthly beings, thus humans carry consubstantial light particles of the Father of Greatness, but are unaware of them until they awaken from their sleep by remembering their divine origin. The Father of Greatness responds by creating a series of entities to prepare a rescue for light particles.

Gnosis
Gnosis is the common Greek noun for knowledge (γνῶσις, gnōsis, f.). The term was used among various Hellenistic religions and philosophies in the Greco-Roman world. It is best known for its implication within Gnosticism, where it signifies a spiritual knowledge or insight into humanity's real nature as divine, leading to the deliverance of the divine spark within humanity from the constraints of earthly existence.
Podalyria racemulosa
Podalyria argentea is a species of flowering plant in the legume family (Fabaceae or Leguminosae), native to the southwestern Cape Provinces of South Africa.

The synonym Podalyria argentea (Salisb.) Salisb. should not be confused with Podalyria argentea W(Siev.) Willd., which is a synonym for a quite different species, Ammodendron bifolium, from Russia and Xinjiang, China.

Cape Provinces
The Cape Provinces of South Africa is a biogeographical area used in the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD). It is part of the WGSRPD region 27 Southern Africa. The area has the code "CPP". It includes the South African provinces of the Eastern Cape, the Northern Cape and the Western Cape, together making up most of the former Cape Province.

The area includes the Cape Floristic Region, the smallest of the six recognised floral kingdoms of the world, an area of extraordinarily high diversity and endemism, home to more than 9,000 vascular plant species, of which 69 percent are endemic.
The Chess Game
The Chess Game is a painting of c. 1530 by Giulio Campi, a Renaissance painter from Cremona. Since 1970, it has been in the Museo Civico d'Arte Antica in Turin.

It was first published in 1963 by Roberto Longhi whilst still in the Nigro collection in Genoa. He attributed it to Sofonisba Anguissola but mentioned similarities to Campi's Allegory in the Museo Poldi Pezzoli in Milan. Mina Gregori attributed the work to Campi by comparison with a portrait by Giulio of his father Galeazzo in the Uffizi.

Museo Civico d'Arte Antica
The Museo Civico d'Arte Antica is an art museum located in the Palazzo Madama in Turin, Italy. It has a renowned collection of paintings from the medieval, Renaissance and Baroque periods. It reopened in 2006 after several years of restorations.

45°4′15.95″N 7°41′7.72″E﻿ / ﻿45.0710972°N 7.6854778°E﻿ / 45.0710972; 7.6854778
Mankulam railway station
Mankulam railway station (Tamil: மாங்குளம் தொடருந்து நிலையம் Māṅkuḷam toṭaruntu nilaiyam, Sinhala: මාන්කුලම් දුම්රිය ස්ථානය) is a railway station in the town of Mankulam in northern Sri Lanka. Owned by Sri Lanka Railways, the state-owned railway operator, the station is part of the Northern Line which links the north with the capital Colombo. The popular Yarl Devi service calls at the station. The station was not functioning between 1990 and 2013 due to the civil war. The Northern Line between Omanthai and Kilinochchi, which includes Mankulam, was re-opened on 14 September 2013.

Sri Lanka Railways
The Sri Lanka Railway Department (more commonly known as Sri Lanka Railways (SLR)) (Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකා දුම්රිය සේවය Śrī Laṃkā Dumriya Sēvaya; Tamil: இலங்கை புகையிரத சேவை Ilankai Pugaiyiradha Sēvai) is Sri Lanka's railway owner and primary operator. As part of the Sri Lankan government, it is overseen by the Ministry of Transport. Founded in 1858 as the Ceylon Government Railway, it operates the nation's railways and links Colombo (the capital) with other population centres and tourist destinations.

The Sri Lankan rail network is 1,508 km (937 mi) of 5 ft 6 in (1,676 mm) broad gauge. Some of its routes are scenic, with the main line passing (or crossing) waterfalls, mountains, tea estates, pine forests, bridges and peak stations.
Kot Nainan
Kot Nainan is a town and union council in Shakargarh Tehsil, Narowal District of Punjab, Pakistan. It is near Pakistan's border with India. It is 249 meters above sea level. The villages near Kot Nainan are Sultanpur, Chunan, Gunwal Jattan, Thariwal, Paswal, Sogian, Jagyal, Haryal, Kainth, Kotli Gujran, Bhagwanpur and Sujowal.

Narowal District
Narowal District is a district within the Gujranwala Division of Punjab, Pakistan. The city of Narowal serves as the headquarters of the district. It was formed in 1991 when the two tehsils of Narowal and Shakargarh were split off from Sialkot District.
Alejandro Herquíñigo
Alejandro Herquíñigo Gómez (1879 – April 1948) was a Chilean politician and diplomat who served as a deputy in the Chamber of Deputies representing the 13th Departamental Circumscription in the 1926–1930 legislative period.

Chamber of Deputies of Chile
33°02′52″S 71°36′21″W﻿ / ﻿33.04778°S 71.60583°W﻿ / -33.04778; -71.60583

The Chamber of Deputies (Spanish: Cámara de Diputadas y Diputados) is the lower house of Chile's bicameral Congress. Its organisation and its powers and duties are defined in articles 42 to 59 of Chile's current constitution.
The Journal of Media Law
The Journal of Media Law is a biannual peer-reviewed academic journal published by Hart Publishing. It was established in 2009 and is indexed by EBSCOhost, Academic Search Complete, and Applied Science & Technology Abstracts. The editors-in-chief are Jacob Rowbottom (University College, Oxford), Nicole Moreham (Victoria University of Wellington), and Andrew Kenyon (Melbourne Law School).

EBSCO Information Services
EBSCO Information Services, headquartered in Ipswich, Massachusetts, is a division of EBSCO Industries Inc., a private company headquartered in Birmingham, Alabama. EBSCO provides products and services to libraries of many types around the world. Its products include EBSCONET, a complete e-resource management system, and EBSCOhost, which supplies a fee-based online research service with 375 full-text databases, a collection of 600,000-plus ebooks, subject indexes, point-of-care medical references, and an array of historical digital archives. In 2010, EBSCO introduced its EBSCO Discovery Service (EDS) to institutions, which allows searches of a portfolio of journals and magazines.
Shearmur
Shearmur is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Allison Shearmur (1963–2018), American film executive and producer

Edward Shearmur (born 1966), British film composer

Jeremy Shearmur (born 1948), Australian academic

Allison Shearmur
Allison Ivy Shearmur (also known as Alli Shearmur; née Brecker; October 23, 1963 – January 19, 2018) was an American film executive and producer.

Working for companies including Walt Disney Studios, Universal Pictures, Paramount Pictures and Lionsgate, her production work involved such films as the American Pie and Jason Bourne franchises, The Hunger Games films, the live-action remake of Cinderella, as well as the Star Wars anthology films Rogue One and Solo.
Newfoundland expedition (1702)
The Newfoundland expedition was a naval raiding expedition led by English Captain John Leake between August and October 1702 that targeted French colonial settlements on the North Atlantic island of Newfoundland and its satellite, Saint Pierre.  The expedition occurred in the early days of Queen Anne's War, as the North American theater of the War of the Spanish Succession is sometimes known.

Leake's fleet descended on French settlements on the southern shore of Newfoundland, destroying fishing stages and other infrastructure.  They captured fishing and trade ships, and destroyed most of the settlement at Saint Pierre.  In a final flurry of activity before returning to England, Leake captured several ships from the French merchant convoy as it headed for Europe. More than 50 ships were taken in total, and six seasonal settlements were destroyed.  The strongly fortified French base at Plaisance was not attacked.

Trepassey Bay
Trepassey Bay is a natural bay on the southeast end of the Avalon Peninsula of the island of Newfoundland, in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador.

Communities located in Trepassey Bay are Trepassey, Biscay Bay and Portugal Cove South.
Serçe Limanı Shipwreck
The Serçe Limani Shipwreck or Glass Shipwreck is a shipwreck discovered in the Serçe Limani bay, southwest coast of Turkey, opposing Rhodes, in the Mediterranean Sea. The shipwreck was discovered by Donald Frey during an individual dive. Other finds from the area include a third century Hellenistic Shipwreck discovered in 1973 by sponge diver Mehmet Askin.

Shipwreck
A shipwreck is the wreckage of a ship that is either beached on land or sunken to the bottom of a body of water. It results from the event of shipwrecking, which may be intentional or unintentional. There were approximately three million shipwrecks worldwide as of January 1999, according to Angela Croome, a science writer and author who specialized in the history of underwater archaeology  (an estimate rapidly endorsed by UNESCO and other organizations).
When a ship's crew has died or abandoned the ship, and the ship has remained adrift but unsunk, they are instead referred to as ghost ships.
Cho Yang-ho
Cho Yang-ho (Korean: 조양호; RR: Jo Yangho; MR: Cho Yangho; sometimes written Y. H. Cho; 8 March 1949 – 8 April 2019) was a South Korean businessman who was the chairman and chief executive officer of Korean Air and chairman of the Hanjin Group.

McCune–Reischauer
McCune–Reischauer (MR; /məˈkjuːn ˈraɪʃaʊ.ər/ mə-KEWN RYSHE-ow-ər) is a romanization system for the Korean language. It was first published in 1939 by George M. McCune and Edwin O. Reischauer. Significant work on the system was done by Korean linguists Choe Hyeon-bae, Jeong In-seop, and Kim Seon-gi.

According to Reischauer, McCune "persuaded the American Army Map Service to adopt [the McCune–Reischauer system], and through the Korean War it became the foundation for most current Romanizations of Korean place names."

A variant of McCune–Reischauer is currently used as the official system in North Korea. Another variant is currently used for standard romanization library catalogs in North America. On the other hand, South Korea formerly used yet another variant as its official system from 1984 to 2000, but replaced it with the Revised Romanization of Korean in 2000.
Consumer Watchdog v. Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation
Consumer Watchdog vs. Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation is a case focusing on an appeal filed by Consumer Watchdog (CW) to invalidate a patent held by the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation (WARF) regarding the in vitro cell culture of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). This case is still currently ongoing in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit and is the latest in a series of attempts by CW to revoke one of the three patents held by WARF on hESCs.

Consumer Watchdog
Consumer Watchdog (formerly the Foundation for Taxpayer and Consumer Rights) is a US non-profit, progressive organization which advocates for taxpayer and consumer interests, with a focus on insurance, health care, political reform, privacy and energy.

The organization was founded in 1985 by California Proposition 103 author Harvey Rosenfield and is headquartered in Santa Monica, California. Its chief officers include President Jamie Court and Executive Director Carmen Balber.
Zdihovo, Kočevje
Zdihovo (pronounced [ˈzdiːxɔʋɔ]; German: Oberskrill) is an abandoned settlement in the Municipality of Kočevje in southern Slovenia. It was inhabited by Gottschee Germans. At the start of the Second World War its original population was expelled. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

The local church was dedicated to Our Lady of Sorrows and was a Baroque pilgrimage church built in 1702. It was demolished in 1954.

Gottscheers
Gottscheers (German: Gottscheer, Slovene: Kočevarji, kočevski Nemci) are the German settlers of the Kočevje region (a.k.a. Gottschee) of Slovenia, formerly Gottschee County. Until the Second World War, their main language of communication was Gottscheerish, a Bavarian dialect of German.
Ice formation on aircraft
"Ice Formation on Aircraft" was the first issue in the Aerology Series produced by the Bureau of Aeronautics Training Division, Navy Department, Washington D.C.

The issue does not credit a single author or artist for the work, as the manual is meant for training purposes and was provided to Naval Aviation Cadets.

This issue of Ice Formation on Aircraft was published in 1943.

Bureau of Aeronautics
The Bureau of Aeronautics (BuAer) was the U.S. Navy's material-support organization for naval aviation from 1921 to 1959.  The bureau had "cognizance" (i.e., responsibility) for the design, procurement, and support of naval aircraft and related systems.  Aerial weapons, however, were under the cognizance of the Navy's Bureau of Ordnance (BuOrd).