hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hematologic disease
Hematologic diseases are disorders which primarily affect the blood and blood-forming organs. Hematologic diseases include rare genetic disorders, anemia, HIV, sickle cell disease and complications from chemotherapy or transfusions.

Thrombocythemia
In hematology, thrombocythemia is a condition of high platelet (thrombocyte) count in the blood. Normal count is in the range of 150×109 to 450×109 platelets per liter of blood, but investigation is typically only considered if the upper limit exceeds 750×109/L.

When the cause is unknown, the term thrombocythemia is used, as either primary thrombocythemia or essential thrombocythemia. The condition arises from a fault in the bone marrow cells leading to over-production of platelets but the cause of the fault is unknown, and this type is not common.

When the cause is known such as another disorder or disease, the term thrombocytosis is preferred, as either secondary or reactive thrombocytosis. Reactive thrombocytosis is the most common type and though it can often have no symptoms it can sometimes predispose to thrombosis. In contrast, thrombocytopenia refers to abnormally low blood platelet numbers in the blood.
Lake Suguta
2°00′N 36°30′E﻿ / ﻿2.000°N 36.500°E﻿ / 2.000; 36.500
Lake Suguta is a former lake in Africa. It formed in the Suguta Valley, which is part of the East African Rift, south of Lake Turkana during the Holocene African humid period.

The lake existed a number of times during history, most recently during the early and middle Holocene when a stronger monsoon caused increased precipitation in the basin of the lake. The lake then reached a top elevation of 577 metres (1,893 ft) above sea level, when it overflowed into the Kerio River and then into Lake Turkana. The lake possibly ultimately drained into the Nile.

Between 8,000 and 5,000 years ago the lake progressively dried up; today only the small Lake Logipi occupies the area.

Emuruangogolak
Emuruangogolak is an active shield volcano straddling the Gregory Rift in Kenya, in Eastern Africa. It has a 3.5-by-5.0-kilometre (2.2 mi × 3.1 mi) caldera on its summit. The last known eruption was a trachyte flow which occurred in 1910. Steam vents and fumarolic activity continues from fissures within the caldera and along the flanks of the volcano. Several maar lakes exist in the rift valley adjacent to the volcano.  The volcano's summit is at an elevation of 1,285 metres (4,216 ft), and its formation is calculated to have been 38,000 years ago.
2019 Australian Open – Men's legends' doubles
Mansour Bahrami and Mark Philippoussis won the title, defeating Jonas Björkman and Thomas Johansson in the final, 4–3(5–3), 4–2. The Men's Legends' Doubles was competed in the 2019 Australian Open in Melbourne Park. "Doubles tennis can be enjoyed by players of all levels and of all ages", from children beginning tennis lessons through to the level of the Australian Open.

Jonas Björkman
Jonas Lars Björkman (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈjûːnas ˈbjœ̌rkman]; born 23 March 1972) is a Swedish former professional tennis player. He is a former world No. 1 in doubles, and also a former world No. 4 in singles. Björkman retired from professional tennis after competing at the 2008 Tennis Masters Cup doubles championships. As of 2019, he was ranked in the top 40 on the all-time ATP prize money list with over $14.5 million. As of July 2024 he is still in the top 50 of the all-time ATP prize money list.

Björkman has had long-term successful doubles partnerships with Jan Apell, Jacco Eltingh, Nicklas Kulti, Max Mirnyi, Pat Rafter, Kevin Ullyett, and Todd Woodbridge. He has won the career Grand Slam in men's doubles, holding a total of nine major championships.

In March 2015, he joined Andy Murray's coaching team. He has also coached the Swedish men's padel team.
Autonomous University of Lisbon
Universidade Autónoma de Lisboa (UAL; Autonomous University of Lisbon) is a private university located in Lisbon, the capital of Portugal.  UAL was founded on December 13, 1985.

Its seat is in the Palace of the Counts of Redondo.

Erasmus Programme
The Erasmus Programme is an educational programme named after Erasmus, combining all the EU's current schemes for education, training, youth and sport. It was created as the European Community Action Scheme for the Mobility of University Students, a European Union (EU) student exchange programme established in 1987. The original idea for the programme was first developed in the 1960s by Italian pedagogist Sofia Corradi, who advocated for the official recognition of study periods abroad.
Thiol S-methyltransferase
In enzymology, a thiol S-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.9) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a thiol  S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a thioether

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are S-adenosyl methionine and thiol, whereas its two products are S-adenosylhomocysteine and thioether.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring one-carbon group methyltransferases.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is S-adenosyl-L-methionine:thiol S-methyltransferase. Other names in common use include S-methyltransferase, thiol methyltransferase, and TMT.  This enzyme participates in selenoamino acid metabolism.

S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine
S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH) is the biosynthetic precursor to homocysteine.  SAH is formed by the demethylation of S-adenosyl-L-methionine. Adenosylhomocysteinase converts SAH into homocysteine and adenosine.
Vanden Gheyn family
Vanden Gheyn, Van den Gheyn or Van den Ghein was a family of bellfounders and carillon makers. The bell foundry was established in 1506 in Mechelen and active until the 20th century. They have been called "the most famous family of bellfounders [Belgium] has had".

Oudenaarde
Oudenaarde (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈʌudənaːrdə] ⓘ; French: Audenarde [odnaʁd]; in English sometimes Oudenarde) is a Belgian city and municipality in the Flemish province of East Flanders. The municipality comprises the city of Oudenaarde proper and the towns of Bevere, Edelare, Eine, Ename, Heurne, Leupegem, Mater, Melden, Mullem, Nederename, Volkegem, Welden and a part of Ooike.

From the 15th to the 18th century, but especially in the 16th century, Oudenaarde was known as a centre of tapestry production. The town's name, meaning "old field", still lingers on in "outnal", an obsolete English term for a kind of brown linen thread.
Nicholas Angell
Nicholas "Nick" Angell (born October 31, 1979) is an American professional ice hockey player. He is currently playing for the VIK Västerås HK of the Swedish HockeyAllsvenskan.

Angell is a very offensive defenseman who likes to join the rush, acting as a fourth forward at times. Angell is a strong skater and plays a physical game. His slapshot is hard and accurate, making him a valuable player on the power play and a threat to goalies.

Västerås IK
Västerås IK (Västerås Ishockey klubb) is a professional ice hockey club from Västerås, Sweden. The team is currently playing in the second-tier league in Sweden, HockeyAllsvenskan. Västerås IK played 12 seasons in the top Swedish league Elitserien (1988–89 to 1999–00) before the club went bankrupt and merged with the junior club (Västerås IK Ungdom), which changed name to VIK Västerås HK in 2005. In 2018, after playing a year in tier three, Hockeyettan, the club changed it name back to the old name Västerås IK.
Kelly Hunter
Kelly Hunter MBE (born 21 July 1963) is a British film, television, radio, stage and musical actress, a member of the Royal Shakespeare Company and the National Theatre. She is a Laurence Olivier Award nominee and Radio Academy Award and TMA Awards winner.

The daughter of the actors Maria Charles and Robin Hunter, Kelly Hunter grew up in London and attended the Lady Margaret School in Parsons Green, followed by the Arts Educational Schools in London, which she left when she was 16. Her sister is the stage manager Samantha Hunter. She was married to the theatre director Simon Usher with whom she has two sons, Albert Usher (born 1996) and Charlie Usher (born 1998). She is the Founder and Artistic Director of Flute Theatre, a company which produces the works of William Shakespeare for interactive audiences. She lives in South West London.

Radio Academy Awards
The Radio Academy Awards, started in 1983, were the most prestigious awards in the British radio industry. For most of their existence, they were run by ZAFER Associates, but in latter years were brought under the control of The Radio Academy.

The awards were generally referred to by the name of their first sponsor, Sony, as the Sony Awards, the Sony Radio Awards or other variations. In August 2013, Sony announced the end of its sponsorship agreement with the Radio Academy after 32 years. Consequently, the awards were simply named the Radio Academy Awards. In November 2014, it was announced that The Radio Academy would not be holding the awards in 2015, and would be looking for other ways to recognise achievement in the future.

The awards were relaunched in 2016 as the Audio & Radio Industry Awards (ARIAS).
UFC 58
UFC 58: USA vs. Canada was a mixed martial arts event held by the Ultimate Fighting Championship on March 4, 2006. It was held at the Mandalay Bay Events Center on the Las Vegas Strip in Nevada, and broadcast live on pay-per-view in the United States.

Michelob Ultra Arena
Michelob Ultra Arena, formerly the Mandalay Bay Events Center, is a 12,000-seat multi-purpose indoor arena at the Mandalay Bay Resort and Casino, located on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada. It is owned and operated by MGM Resorts International, and was opened on April 10, 1999. MGM and brewing company Anheuser-Busch entered a naming-rights agreement in 2021, naming the arena after the company's Michelob Ultra beer.

It is the home arena for the Las Vegas Aces of the Women's National Basketball Association and was previously home to the Las Vegas Desert Dogs of the National Lacrosse League. The arena also hosts a variety of music, sports, and entertainment events.
Stephen Patrick (American politician)
Stephen Patrick (September 17, 1811 – May 9, 1890) was a state assemblyman in the 89th New York State Legislature, representing Cortland County, New York. During his term in office, he introduced a bill establishing the Cortland Savings Bank, of which he later became a charter member of the board of directors.

89th New York State Legislature
The 89th New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 2 to April 20, 1866, during the second year of Reuben E. Fenton's governorship, in Albany.
Passaggio di Assisi
Passaggio di Assisi is a frazione of the comune of Assisi in the Province of Perugia, Umbria, central Italy. It stands at an elevation of 209 metres above sea level. At the time of the Istat census of 2001 it had 99 inhabitants.

Umbria
Umbria (/ˈʌmbriə/ UM-bree-ə; Italian: [ˈumbrja]) is a region of central Italy. It includes Lake Trasimeno and Marmore Falls, and is crossed by the Tiber. It is the only landlocked region on the Apennine Peninsula. The capital is Perugia. The region has 851,954 inhabitants as of 2025.

The region is characterized by hills, mountains, thick forests, valleys and historical towns such as the university centre of Perugia, Assisi (a World Heritage Site associated with St. Francis of Assisi), Terni, Norcia, Città di Castello, Gubbio, Spoleto, Orvieto, Todi, Castiglione del Lago, Narni, Amelia, Spello and other small cities.
Luis Quiñones (weightlifter)
Luis Miguel Quiñones (born 3 January 2001) is a Colombian weightlifter. He won the silver medal in the men's +109 kg event at the 2022 South American Games held in Asunción, Paraguay.

Quiñones won the gold medal in the men's 109 kg event at the 2021 Junior Pan American Games held in Colombia. He competed in the men's +102 kg event at the 2023 Pan American Games held in Santiago, Chile.

2023 Pan American Games
The 2023 Pan American Games (Spanish: Juegos Panamericanos de 2023), officially the XIX Pan American Games (Spanish: XIX Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Santiago 2023, were an  international multi-sport event governed by the Panam Sports Organization, held in Santiago, Chile from 20 October to 5 November 2023; preliminary rounds in certain events began on 18 October 2023. These are the first Pan American Games to be held in Chile, and the eighth to be held in South America.

The games were held in 39 venues across the Santiago Metropolitan Region and another three regions of Chile. The Pan American Games and the 2023 Parapan American Games were organized by the Santiago Organizing Committee for the 2023 Pan and Parapan American Games.
Asian conical hat
The Asian conical hat is a style of conically shaped sun hat worn in China, Vietnam, Korea, Japan, Taiwan, Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, and Bhutan. It is kept on the head by a cloth or fiber chin strap, an inner headband, or both.

Headband
A headband (also called a hairband or sweatband) is a clothing accessory worn in the hair or around the forehead, usually to hold hair away from the face or eyes, or to help control forehead sweat or (rarely) to provide some protection to the head during physical activity.  Headbands generally consist of a textile loop of elasticised and sometimes absorptive or padded material, or a horseshoe-shaped piece of flexible plastic or metal. They come in assorted shapes and sizes and are used for a variety of purposes: aesthetic (fashion); practical (holding back hair); protective; utilitarian (absorbing sweat); or for combinations of these reasons.

In the UK, horseshoe-shaped headbands are sometimes called "Alice bands" after the headbands that Alice is often depicted wearing in Lewis Carroll's Through the Looking-Glass.
1930 NCAA Track and Field Championships
The 1930 NCAA Track and Field Championships was the ninth NCAA track and field championship.  The event was held at Stagg Field in Chicago, Illinois in June 1930.    The University of Southern California won the team title.  The highlight of the meet was a new world record in the 100-yard dash, as Frank Wykoff ran the event in 9.4 seconds.  Wykoff's time broke the prior world record of 9.5 seconds set by Eddie Tolan.

George Simpson (sprinter)
George Sidney Simpson (September 21, 1908 – December 2, 1961) was an American sprinter. He competed at the 1932 Olympics and won a silver medal in the 200 m, placing fourth in the 100 m event. Simpson was the first to run 100 yards in 9.4 seconds, but because he used starting blocks, the record was never ratified. He won the 220 yards (200 m) in both NCAA and AAU in 1930. He was also fourth in the 100 meters at the 1932 Olympics. In 1929 he unofficially equaled the 200 meters World Record 20.6 seconds. Simpson attended Ohio State and won a national title in 1929.
Solo Sessions Vol. 1: Live at the Knitting Factory
Solo Sessions Vol. 1: Live at the Knitting Factory is a live album by John Legend.

Recorded in July 2003 at the Knitting Factory in New York City, this album features John performing solo on the acoustic piano with special guest appearances by Kanye West, J. Ivy, and Imani Uzuri.

Knitting Factory
The Knitting Factory is a nightclub in New York City that features eclectic music and entertainment and is co-owned and co-operated by Knitting Factory Entertainment. After opening in 1987, various other locations were opened in the United States.

The Knitting Factory gave its audience poetry readings, performance art, standup comedy, and musicians who transcended the usual boundaries of rock and jazz, often experimental music. The Knitting Factory owners distributed some performances to radio stations, and around 1990 starting a radio show and the record label Knitting Factory Works. Later the founders started Knitting Factory Records in 1998.
Latronianus
Latronianus (or Latronian; died AD 385) was a poet and scholar of Hispania (Roman Spain) who was associated with Priscillianism. He was executed, along with Priscillian and several others, at Trier in 385. As such, he is considered among the first to be executed as heretics in the history of Christianity.

Latronianus was noteworthy enough to receive an entry in Jerome's work On Illustrious Men (De Viris Illustribus), where it is mentioned that works of his were still in existence. Jerome describes Latronianus as "a man of great learning and worthy to be compared with the ancients as a composer in verse." However, none of Latronianus' works have survived to the present.

Priscillianism
Priscillianism was a Christian sect developed in the Roman province of Hispania in the 4th century by Priscillian. It is derived from the Gnostic doctrines taught by Marcus, an Egyptian from Memphis. Priscillianism was later considered a heresy by both the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Catholic Church.
Ophichthus lentiginosus
Ophichthus lentiginosus is an eel in the family Ophichthidae (worm/snake eels). It was described by John E. McCosker in 2010. It is a marine, deep water-dwelling eel which is known from Vanuatu and New Caledonia, in the western central Pacific Ocean. It is known to dwell at a depth of 400 metres (1,300 ft). Males can reach a maximum total length of 62.8 centimetres (24.7 in), while females can reach a maximum TL of 56.3 centimetres (22.2 in).

The species epithet "lentiginosus" means "freckled" in Latin, and refers to the eel's colour pattern.

Ophichthidae
Ophichthidae is a family of fish in the order Anguilliformes, commonly known as the snake eels. The term "Ophichthidae" comes from Greek ophis ("serpent") and ichthys ("fish"). Snake eels are also burrowing eels.  They are named for their physical appearance, as they have long, cylindrical, snake-like bodies. This family is found worldwide in tropical to warm temperate waters. They inhabit a wide range of habitats, from coastal shallows and even rivers, to depths below 800 m (2,600 ft). Most species are bottom dwellers, hiding in mud or sand to capture their prey of crustaceans and small fish, but some are pelagic.

These species range in total length from 5 cm (2.0 in) to 2.3 m (7.5 ft) or more. Many species lack fins altogether, improving their ability to burrow into the substrate like worms. They are often spotted or striped in colour, mimicking the appearance of venomous sea snakes to deter predators. Often, they are washed ashore by large storms.
Jorge Alfaro
Jorge Mario Alfaro Buelvas (born June 11, 1993) is a Colombian professional baseball catcher in the Kansas City Royals organization. He has previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Philadelphia Phillies, Miami Marlins, San Diego Padres, Colorado Rockies, Boston Red Sox, and Washington Nationals. Alfaro signed with the Texas Rangers as a free agent in 2010, was traded to the Phillies in 2015, and made his MLB debut in 2016. He plays on the Colombia national baseball team in international competition.

Hit by pitch
In baseball, hit by pitch (HBP) is an event in which a batter or his clothing or equipment (other than his bat) is struck directly by a pitch from the pitcher; the batter is called a hit batsman (HB). A hit batsman is awarded first base, provided that (in the plate umpire's judgment) he made an honest effort to avoid the pitch, although failure to do so is rarely called by an umpire. Being hit by a pitch is often caused by a batter standing too close to, or "crowding", home plate.

The rule dates from 1887; before that, a pitch that struck the batter was merely a ball.
Bill Flanigan
James William Flanigan is an American politician serving as a Republican member of the West Virginia House of Delegates for the 4th district. He took his oath of office to represent the 51st district on January 18, 2016. However, he left after a year due to the rediscovery of testicular cancer, which he was first diagnosed with in 2007. Flanigan was honored on the 2017 West Virginia Medical Cannabis Act. He is an attorney.

West Virginia House of Delegates
The West Virginia House of Delegates is the lower house of the West Virginia Legislature in West Virginia. Only three states—Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia—refer to their lower house as the House of Delegates.
Breukeleveen
Breukeleveen is a hamlet in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is in the municipality of Wijdemeren, and lies southwest of Loosdrecht.

The hamlet consists of a single street between two lakes. At the north end, it borders the hamlet of Muyeveld, and on the south end it borders Tienhoven, Stichtse Vecht, in the province of Utrecht.

The hamlet is named after the nearby town of Breukelen.

Breukelen
Breukelen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈbrøːkələ(n)] ⓘ) is a town and former municipality in the Netherlands, in the province of Utrecht. It is situated to the northwest of Utrecht, along the river Vecht and close to the lakes of the Loosdrechtse Plassen, an area of natural and tourist interest. It is located in an area called the Vechtstreek.
It is the namesake of the borough of Brooklyn in New York City, New York.
Vrye Weekblad
Vrye Weekblad was a progressive Afrikaans national weekly newspaper that was launched in November 1988 and forced to close in February 1994. It was then relaunched as an online newspaper in 2019, before closing again in 2025. The paper was noted for its anti-apartheid stance making it a notable outlier in the Afrikaans language media of the 1980s and early 1990s. The paper was initially driven into bankruptcy by the legal costs of defending its charge that South African Police General Lothar Neethling had supplied poison to security police to kill activists.

It was relaunched in a digital format on 6 April 2019 by Tiso Blackstar Group (later Arena Holdings), with Max du Preez returning as editor and Anneliese Burgess as co-editor. A new edition was published every Friday on the Vrye Weekblad website, in both Afrikaans and English, and it was later taken over by the NVWB Media Groep. The final issue was published on 28 March 2025.

Albie Sachs
Albert Louis Sachs OLS (born 30 January 1935), known as Albie Sachs, is a South African lawyer, activist, writer, and former judge appointed to the first Constitutional Court of South Africa by Nelson Mandela.
Toto Makgolokwe
Toto Makgolokwe was the paramount chief (kgosi) of the Batlharo tribe of South Africa, dubbed the Freedom Warrior and an icon of the land whose resistance to colonization galvanized the freedom struggle. In 1897, he became the hero of The Langeberg Rebellion (1896–97) after defeating the British military. The British subsequently brought in reinforcements which defeated the Batlharo (Batswana tribe) and captured both Makgolokwe and Kgosi Galeshewe. Kgosi Toto's eldest son Robanyane Toto was also arrested with him at Robben Island.

Toto was convicted for protecting and sheltering Galeshewe. Toto died at Robben Island and Kgosi Galeshewe died at Magogong, Phokwane, Taung in 1927 after over 20 years in prison at different intervals.

Most of the Batlharo tribe reside in and around Kuruman, John Taolo Gaetsewe District Municipality. The other Batlharo people live in Namibia, after vacating when the Langenberg war began.

Kuruman
Kuruman is a small town in the Northern Cape province of South Africa. It is known for its scenery and the Eye of Kuruman, a geological feature that brings water from deep underground. The abundance of water produces an unexpected swathe of green amidst the barren plains and is known as the "Oasis of the Kalahari". It was at first a mission station of the London Missionary Society founded by Robert Moffat in 1821. It was also the place where David Livingstone arrived for his first position as a missionary in 1841. The Kuruman River, which is dry except for flash floods after heavy rain, is named after the town.