hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Joseph-Charles Taché
Joseph-Charles Taché, (French pronunciation: [ʒozɛf ʃaʁl taʃe]; December 24, 1820 – April 16, 1894) was a member of the Taché family, a nephew of Sir Étienne-Paschal Taché. He was a student at the Petit Séminaire de Québec and followed this by a study of medicine, receiving his medical diploma in 1844.

Taché practised medicine in Rimouski, and, at the age of 27, he was unopposed for a seat in the Legislative Assembly. His activity in politics led him into the newspaper business as a writer renowned for his caustic political wit. He worked as a writer and editor until 1859 when he left Le Courrier du Canada to pursue other writing full-time. He returned to public life in 1864 as a senior civil servant in Ottawa for 24 years in literary, cultural, scientific and political areas. He oversaw the 1871 census.

Collège François-de-Laval
Collège François-de-Laval (French pronunciation: [kɔlɛʒ fʁɑ̃swa də laval]), previously known as the Petit Séminaire de Québec ([pəti seminɛʁ də kebɛk]), is a private French-language Catholic secondary school in Vieux-Québec, Quebec City, Quebec.
Inner Sanctum (TV series)
Inner Sanctum is an American television anthology series based upon Inner Sanctum Mystery, the radio series of the same name. It was created and produced by Himan Brown. Its unseen host and narrator was Paul McGrath. Thirty-nine episodes were syndicated in 1954.

Guest stars included Kim Stanley, Jack Klugman, Beatrice Straight, Jack Warden, Martin Balsam, Jo Van Fleet, E.G. Marshall, and Mildred Dunnock.

Himan and Mende Brown were the producers. Mende Brown and Alan Neuman directed the show. Writers were Ed Adamson, Sam Elkin, Nelson Gidding, Doug Johnson, John Roeburt, Robert Sloane, and Louis Vittes.

Episodes were filmed in New York and syndicated by NBC Film Division for use on local TV stations.

Himan Brown
Himan Brown (July 21, 1910 – June 4, 2010), also known as Hi Brown, was an American producer of radio and television programs. Over seven decades, Brown produced and directed more than 30,000 radio shows, for all of the major radio networks and syndication. He worked with such actors as Helen Hayes, Boris Karloff, Peter Lorre, Gregory Peck, Frank Sinatra and Orson Welles.

A recipient of the American Broadcast Pioneer and Peabody Awards, Brown was inducted in 1990 into the National Radio Hall of Fame.
Álvaro Gonçalves Pereira
Álvaro Gonçalves Pereira (European Portuguese: [ˈalvɐɾu ɣõˈsalvɨʃ pɨˈɾɐjɾɐ]), Prior of Crato, was born to Gonçalo (Gonçalves) Pereira, 97th Archbishop of Braga (1326-1349) and Teresa Peres Vilarinho. At a very young age, he entered the Order of St. John of the Hospitallers. At Rhodes, at the time seat of the Order, he fought the Turks in the galleys of the Hospitallers so proving his worth that the Grand Master made him Prior of the Hospitallers in Portugal. There he founded the Castle of Amieira, the palaces of Bonjardim and the Monastery of Flor da Rosa, near Crato, the seat of the Order in Portugal. He administered the Order with great zeal and won a brilliant victory at Salado. He was one of the eminent figures of the reigns of Kings Afonso IV, Peter I and Ferdinand I. He died at an advanced age ca 1375. He was the father of the Constable of Portugal, Nuno Álvares Pereira.

Portel, Portugal
Portel (Portuguese pronunciation: [puɾˈtɛl] ⓘ), officially the Town of Portel (Portuguese: Vila de Portel), is a municipality in the District of Évora in Portugal. The population in 2011 was 6,428, in an area of 601.01 km2.

The present Mayor is Norberto António Lopes Patinho, elected by the Socialist Party. The municipal holiday is Easter Monday.
Symmetric product (topology)
In algebraic topology, the nth symmetric product of a topological space consists of the unordered n-tuples of its elements. If one fixes a basepoint, there is a canonical way of embedding the lower-dimensional symmetric products into the higher-dimensional ones. That way, one can consider the colimit over the symmetric products, the infinite symmetric product. This construction can easily be extended to give a homotopy functor.

From an algebraic point of view, the infinite symmetric product is the free commutative monoid generated by the space minus the basepoint, the basepoint yielding the identity element. That way, one can view it as the abelian version of the James reduced product.

One of its essential applications is the Dold-Thom theorem, stating that the homotopy groups of the infinite symmetric product of a connected CW complex are the same as the reduced homology groups of that complex. That way, one can give a homotopical definition of homology.

Homotopy group
In mathematics, homotopy groups are used in algebraic topology to classify topological spaces. The first and simplest homotopy group is the fundamental group, denoted  which records information about loops in a space.  Intuitively, homotopy groups record information about the basic shape, or holes, of a topological space.

To define the nth homotopy group, the base-point-preserving maps from an n-dimensional sphere (with base point) into a given space (with base point)  are collected into equivalence classes, called homotopy classes. Two mappings are homotopic if one can be continuously deformed into the other. These homotopy classes form a group, called the nth homotopy group,  of the given space X with base point. Topological spaces with differing homotopy groups are never homeomorphic, but topological spaces that are not homeomorphic can have the same homotopy groups.

The notion of homotopy of paths was introduced by Camille Jordan.
Joan Reventós
Joan Reventós i Carner (Catalan pronunciation: [ʒuˈan rəβənˈtos]; 26 July 1927 – 13 January 2004) was the 10th President of the Parliament of Catalonia (1995–1999). He had previously been Minister without Portfolio, from 1977 to 1980. Reventós joined the PSUC in 1976 and the following year was elected to the Spanish national parliament as a deputy for Barcelona Province serving until 1980. He was the Spanish ambassador to France from 1983 to 1986.

Barcelona (Congress of Deputies constituency)
Barcelona is one of the 52 constituencies (Spanish: circunscripciones) represented in the Congress of Deputies, the lower chamber of the Spanish parliament, the Cortes Generales. The constituency currently elects 32 deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of Barcelona. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of three percent.
Danson Park
Danson Park is a public park in the London Borough of Bexley, South East London, located between Welling and Bexleyheath. At 75 hectares, it is the second largest public park in the borough (the largest being Foots Cray Meadows at 100 hectares), and the most used by the community. Opened in 1925, it is often considered the finest green open space in the borough, and is Grade II listed on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens. The park also gives its name to the electoral ward that covers the park and the surrounding area. The park is located at grid reference TQ472752. The southern boundary of both the park and the ward is delineated by Rochester Way, the A2 road.

Register of Historic Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in England
The Register of Historic Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in England provides a listing and classification system for historic parks and gardens similar to that used for listed buildings. The register was set up by Historic England under the provisions of the National Heritage Act 1983. Over 1,600 sites are listed, ranging from the grounds of large stately homes to small domestic gardens, as well other designed landscapes such as town squares, public parks, and cemeteries. The register is published on the National Heritage List for England alongside other national heritage designations.
Angst der Hellen und Friede der Seelen
Angst der Hellen und Friede der Seelen  ("Fear of Hell and Peace of the Soul") is a collection of sixteen settings of Psalm 116 in German, "Das ist mir lieb" (Psalms 116), commissioned by the Jena merchant Burckhard Grossmann in 1616 and eventually published in 1623. The composers are Heinrich Schütz, then in alphabetical order Michael Altenburg, Christoph Demantius, Nicolaus Erich, Andreas Finold, Melchior Franck, Abraham Gensreff, Johannes Groh, Johann Krause, Christian Michael, Daniel Michael, Rogier Michael, Tobias Michael, Michael Praetorius, Johann Hermann Schein and Caspar Trost. The settings range in complexity from that of Schütz, for 7 voices, down to settings for 3 or 2 voices. The setting of Schütz (SWV 51) has been recorded several times, the whole collection was recorded by the Alsfelder Vocal Ensemble and Musica Fiata Köln under Wolfgang Helbich in August 1994.

Michael Praetorius
Michael Praetorius (probably 28 September 1571 – 15 February 1621) was a German composer, organist, and music theorist. He was one of the most versatile composers of his age, being particularly significant in the development of musical forms based on Protestant hymns.
Kamianka Sich
The Kamianka Sich or Kamianska Sich (Ukrainian: Кам'янська Січ, romanized: Kamjans'ka Sich) was an administrative and military centre of the Zaporozhian Cossacks during its time under the protection of the Crimean Khanate in the first third of the 18th century. The name of the Sich, which is used in historical and local history literature, is explained by the fact that it was located at the mouth of the right tributary of the river Dnipro: the Kamianka, near the village of Respublikanets in Kherson Oblast.

Kurin
Kurin (Ukrainian: курінь) has two definitions: a military and administrative unit of the Zaporozhian Cossacks, Black Sea Cossack Host, and others; and of a type of housing (see below).

In the administrative definition, a kurin usually consisted of a few hundred Cossacks, with their own land, treasury and flag, and around a hundred houses. The number of kurins was not permanent, and varied throughout time: during the 16th century, there were 8 kurins in the Zaporozhian Sich and 38 during the first half of the 18th century. All Cossacks had to be part of a kurin and were listed on the so-called "kurin komput" (a register of Cossacks in the kurin), and were subject to the kurin otaman.

In the other definition, a kurin is a type of housing, sometimes temporary, which can vary in size and purpose: from a small tent made of leaves, to a large wooden house for permanent occupation.
Sukdulan (2003 film)
Sukdulan (lit. 'Extremity') is a 2003 erotic drama film directed by Mac C. Alejandre from a script by Edgar Ilao and starring Katya Santos, Raymond Bagatsing and Carlo Maceda. About a tollbooth operator (Santos) who seeks to leave her husband (Bagatsing) for the love of a construction worker (Maceda), the film was produced by Viva Films and released in theaters on January 29, 2003.

Tollbooth
A tollbooth (or toll booth) is an enclosure placed along a toll road that is used for the purpose of collecting a toll from passing traffic. A structure consisting of several tollbooths placed next to each other is called a toll plaza, tollgate, or toll station. They have historically been staffed by transportation agents who manually collect the toll, but, in the modern day, many have been replaced with automatic electronic toll collection systems, such as E-ZPass in the Eastern United States.
Substring index
In computer science, a substring index is a data structure which gives substring search in a text or text collection in sublinear time. Once constructed from a document or set of documents, a substring index can be used to locate all occurrences of a pattern in time linear or near-linear in the pattern size, with no dependence or only logarithmic dependence on the document size.

The phrase full-text index is often used for substring indexes. But this is ambiguous, as it is also used for regular word indexes such as inverted files and document retrieval. See full text search.

Full-text search
In text retrieval, full-text search refers to techniques for searching a single computer-stored document or a collection in a full-text database. Full-text search is distinguished from searches based on metadata or on parts of the original texts represented in databases (such as titles, abstracts, selected sections, or bibliographical references).

In a full-text search, a search engine examines all of the words in every stored document as it tries to match search criteria (for example, text specified by a user). Full-text-searching techniques appeared in the 1960s, for example IBM STAIRS from 1969, and became common in online bibliographic databases in the 1990s. Many websites and application programs (such as word processing software) provide full-text-search capabilities. Some web search engines, such as the former AltaVista, employ full-text-search techniques, while others index only a portion of the web pages examined by their indexing systems.
The Correlation between Relatives on the Supposition of Mendelian Inheritance
The Correlation between Relatives on the Supposition of Mendelian Inheritance is a scientific paper by British statistician and geneticist Ronald Fisher which was published in the Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1918, marking a significant milestone in genetics. In this study, Fisher integrated Mendel's principles of inheritance with statistical techniques to clarify how characteristics could manifest as both continuous (such as height or weight) and still be regulated by distinct genetic factors. By closing this gap, Fisher demonstrated that the mixing patterns observed in complex traits could arise from the cumulative effects of numerous individual genes, all adhering to Mendelian principles. This link established the basis for contemporary quantitative genetics and assisted in merging biological inheritance with mathematical evaluation.

Karl Pearson
Karl Pearson FRS FRSE (/ˈpɪərsən/; born Carl Pearson; 27 March 1857 – 27 April 1936) was an English biostatistician and mathematician. He has been credited with establishing the discipline of mathematical statistics. He founded the world's first university statistics department at University College London in 1911, and contributed significantly to the field of biometrics and meteorology. Pearson was also a proponent of Social Darwinism and eugenics, and his thought is an example of what is today described as scientific racism. Pearson was a protégé and biographer of Sir Francis Galton. He edited and completed both William Kingdon Clifford's Common Sense of the Exact Sciences (1885) and Isaac Todhunter's History of the Theory of Elasticity, Vol. 1 (1886–1893) and Vol. 2 (1893), following their deaths.
Kim Chen
Kim Chen (born 11 May 1967) is a Taiwanese breaststroke and medley swimmer. She competed in five events at the 1988 Summer Olympics. At the time, she was a student at the University of California, Berkeley, where she was a member of the California Golden Bears women's swim team.

Swimming at the 1988 Summer Olympics
The 1988 Summer Olympics took place in Seoul, South Korea. The swimming competition, held from September 18 to September 25, was notable for the seven medals, including five golds, won by Matt Biondi, the six golds won by Kristin Otto, and the three individual golds won by Janet Evans. 633 participants from 77 countries were competing.
Nurse.Fighter.Boy
Nurse.Fighter.Boy is a 2008 Canadian drama film, directed by Charles Officer. The film stars Karen LeBlanc as Jude, a widowed single mother undergoing treatment for sickle cell disease. While working as a night-shift nurse to support her son Ciel (Daniel J. Gordon), she meets and enters into a relationship with Silence (Clark Johnson), a troubled and brooding boxer who becomes a father figure for the young boy.

The film's cast also includes Walter Borden, Araya Mengesha, Elizabeth Saunders and Ndidi Onukwulu.

The film premiered at the 2008 Toronto International Film Festival, and screened at several other film festivals before going into commercial release in February 2009. It was released on DVD in June 2009, with bonus features including a documentary on the making of the film and Officer's short films Short Hymn, Silent War and Urda/Bone.

2008 Toronto International Film Festival
The 2008 Toronto International Film Festival (TIFF) was held in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. This 33rd annual festival was from September 4 to September 13, 2008. The opening night gala was the World War I romantic epic Passchendaele from Canadian director Paul Gross.
1998 Epsom Derby
The 1998 Epsom Derby was a horse race which took place at Epsom Downs on Saturday 6 June 1998. It was the 219th running of the Derby, and it was won by High-Rise. The winner was ridden by Olivier Peslier and trained by Luca Cumani. The pre-race favourite Cape Verdi finished ninth.

Lingfield Derby Trial
The Lingfield Derby Trial Stakes is a Listed flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old colts and geldings. It is run over a distance of 1 mile, 3 furlongs and 133 yards (2,334 metres) at Lingfield Park in May.
French Renaissance literature
French Renaissance literature is, for the purpose of this article, literature written in French (Middle French) from the French invasion of Italy in 1494 to 1600, or roughly the period from the reign of Charles VIII of France to the ascension of Henry IV of France to the throne.  The reigns of Francis I (from 1515 to 1547) and his son Henry II (from 1547 to 1559) are generally considered the apex of the French Renaissance.  After Henry II's unfortunate death in a joust, the country was ruled by his widow Catherine de' Medici and her sons Francis II, Charles IX and Henry III, and although the Renaissance continued to flourish, the French Wars of Religion between Huguenots and Catholics ravaged the country.

Étienne Jodelle
Étienne Jodelle, seigneur de Limodin (French pronunciation: [etjɛn ʒɔdɛl]; 1532 – July 1573), French dramatist and poet, was born and died in Paris of a noble family.
Member of La Pléiade, he will strive to revitalize the principles of ancient Greek and Roman theater during the Renaissance. He was the first to introduce the alexandrine into tragedy in his time, notably with Cléopâtre captive, the first tragédie à l'antique, as well as L'Eugène in comedy. He is recognized as a precursor of the theater which was born in the second half of the 16th century, a convulsive period by Wars of Religion which saw its uncertainties embodied in his work.
Alison Phipps (sociologist)
Alison Phipps is a British political sociologist, gender studies scholar and feminist theorist, who is professor of political sociology and Associate Head of Social Sciences, Politics and International Relations, and Religion in York St John University's School of Humanities. She is also an honorary professor in York University's Centre for Women's Studies.

OpenDemocracy
openDemocracy is an independent media platform and news website based in the United Kingdom. Founded in 2001, openDemocracy states that through reporting and analysis of social and political issues, they seek to "challenge power and encourage democratic debate" around the world. The founders of the website have been involved with established media and political activism. The platform has been funded by grants from organisations such as Charles Stewart Mott Foundation, the Open Society Foundations, the Ford Foundation, and Joseph Rowntree Charitable Trust, as well as by receiving direct donations from readers.
David Ortega (swimmer)
David Ortega Pitarch (born 20 July 1979 in Castellón de la Plana, Castellón) is a freestyle and backstroke swimmer from Spain. He swam for Spain at the 2000 Summer Olympics; the World Championships in 1998, 2003, 2005, and 2007; the Mediterranean Games in 2001 and 2005; and the European Championships in 2000 and 2004.

At the 2000 European Championships, he won the 100m Backstroke.

2000 European Aquatics Championships
The 2000 LEN European Championships were held Monday 3 July to Sunday 9 July 2000 in Helsinki, Finland. Competition was swum in the 50 m, long course pool at the Mäkelänrinne Swimming Center. The 25th edition of the event was organised by the LEN less than three months prior to the Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia.

The championships included the aquatic disciplines of Swimming (long course), Open Water Swimming, Diving, and Synchronised swimming.
A. J. K. Mass Communication Research Centre
A. J. K. Mass Communication Research Centre (AJK MCRC) is a mass communication research centre located in New Delhi, India and a constituent institute of the Jamia Millia Islamia. The full form for AJK MCRC is Anwar Jamal Kidwai Mass Communication Research Centre named after its founder Anwar Jamal Kidwai in 1982.

A. J. Kidwai established the MCRC in collaboration with York University, Toronto and the Canadian International Development Agency. The CIDA provided the MCRC with a range of sophisticated production equipment while York University sent the first generation of teachers. The team from York was led by distinguished documentary filmmaker James Beveridge, a close associate of documentary pioneer John Grierson, founder of the National Film Board of Canada.

John Grierson
John Grierson CBE (26 April 1898 – 19 February 1972) was a Scottish filmmaker, film theorist, and critic, often considered the father of British and Canadian documentary film. In 1926, Grierson coined the term "documentary" in a review of Robert J. Flaherty's Moana. In 1939, Grierson established the all-time Canadian film institutional production and distribution company The National Film Board of Canada controlled by the Government of Canada.
Jessica Huot
Jessica Huot (born March 30, 1983, in Holyoke, Massachusetts) is a former competitive ice dancer for Finland. She teamed up with Juha Valkama in 1999. They are the 2002–04 Finnish national champions. Their highest placement at an ISU Championship was 18th at the 2004 Europeans in Budapest, Hungary.

Huot studied at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Her brother Jonathan Huot is the chief financial officer of The Town Dock based out of Narragansett, RI.

2004 European Figure Skating Championships
The 2004 European Figure Skating Championships was a senior international figure skating competition in the 2003–04 season. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. The event was held at the Budapest Sports Arena in Budapest, Hungary from February 2 to 8, 2004. The compulsory dance was the Austrian Waltz.
Hornbeck Stone House
The Hornbeck Stone House is a historic home located on Whitfield Road near the hamlet of Kerhonkson, New York, United States, in the Town of Rochester in Ulster County, New York. It was built in two sections in the mid-18th century.

Its appearance has been slightly altered since its construction, but it retains the integrity of its original design. In 1999 it and several outbuildings were listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Rochester, Ulster County, New York
Rochester is a town in Ulster County, New York, United States. The population was 7,305 at the 2022 census. It is an interior town located near the center of Ulster County. The northwestern part of the town is in the Catskill Park.

U.S. Route 209 passes across the town.
Marpaung
Marpaung is one of Toba Batak clans originating in North Sumatra, Indonesia. People of this clan bear the clan's name as their surname.
Notable people of this clan include:

Novita Dewi Marpaung (born 1978), Indonesian singer

Nurhajizah Marpaung (born 1956), Indonesian military officer and politician

Nurhajizah Marpaung
Nurhajizah Marpaung (born 7 August 1956) is an Indonesian retired military officer and politician who became the Vice Governor of North Sumatra from 2017 until 2018. Her last position in the military was as the General Counsel of the Ministry of Defense. She unsuccessfully ran for Regent of Asahan in 2015 and 2020.