hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Osthoff
Osthoff is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Hermann Osthoff (1847–1909), German linguist

Markus Osthoff (born 1968), German football player

Oscar Osthoff (1883–1950), American athlete and coach

Susanne Osthoff (born 1962), German archaeologist

Tom Osthoff (1936–2025), American politician

Tom Osthoff
Cyril Thomas Osthoff (November 8, 1936 – January 9, 2025) was an American politician in the state of Minnesota. He served in the Minnesota House of Representatives from 1983 to 2003 as a member of the Democratic-Farmer-Labor party. Osthoff died on January 9, 2025, at the age of 88.
Jewish Buddhist
A Jewish Buddhist is a person of Jewish ethnicity who practices a form of Buddhism, with or without simultaneously observing Judaism.

Some practice forms of dhyana, Buddhist meditation, chanting, or spirituality. An individual may identify with both Judaism and Buddhism in terms of their religious practices. In many instances, the person may be ethnically designated as Jewish while practicing Buddhism as their primary religion. In the 1994 book The Jew in the Lotus, Rodger Kamenetz introduced the term JewBu or JUBU. Similarly, many also use the terms BuJews or BuddJews to refer to themselves.

Buddhist paths to liberation
The Buddhist path (marga) to liberation, also referred to as awakening, is described in a wide variety of ways. The Noble Eightfold Path is prominent in Theravada Buddhism and popularly well-known, but is only one of several summaries presented in the Sutta Pitaka. A number of other summaries of the path to liberation are given within various Buddhist traditions, of which the four stages of dhyana may be the most prominent one.
Dimitri Pachkoria
Dimitri Pachkoria (Ukrainian: Дімітрі Пачкорія; born December 7, 1991) is a Georgia-born Ukrainian former footballer who played as a midfielder or as a defender.

Pachkoria began his career in his native Georgia with various reserve teams. He ventured abroad to play in Ukraine, where he transitioned into the professional ranks with Skala Stryi. After several seasons in the professional Ukrainian circuit, he returned to Georgia in 2014 to play in the country's top-tier league with Dinamo Batumi. Following a short run with Dinamo, he continued playing in Georgia and finished his career in Canada.

FC Odishi 1919
FC Odishi 1919 (Georgian: საფეხბურთო კლუბი ოდიში 1919), commonly referred to as simply Odishi, is a Georgian association football club based in Zugdidi, the administrative centre of Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti. Being a municipal club, they compete in Erovnuli Liga 2, the 2nd tier of Georgian football after gaining promotion from Liga 3 in 2025.
Dispersive mass transfer
Dispersive mass transfer, in fluid dynamics, is the spreading of mass from highly concentrated areas to less concentrated areas. It is one form of mass transfer.

Dispersive mass flux is analogous to diffusion, and it can also be described using Fick's first law:

where c is mass concentration of the species being dispersed, E is the dispersion coefficient, and x is the position in the direction of the concentration gradient.  Dispersion can be differentiated from diffusion in that it is caused by non-ideal flow patterns (i.e. deviations from plug flow) and is a macroscopic phenomenon, whereas diffusion is caused by random molecular motions (i.e. Brownian motion) and is a microscopic phenomenon.  Dispersion is often more significant than diffusion in convection-diffusion problems.  The dispersion coefficient is frequently modeled as the product of the fluid velocity, U, and some characteristic length scale, α:

Fick's laws of diffusion
Fick's laws of diffusion describe diffusion and were first posited by Adolf Fick in 1855 on the basis of largely experimental results. They can be used to solve for the diffusion coefficient, D. Fick's first law can be used to derive his second law, which in turn is identical to the diffusion equation.

Fick's first law: Movement of particles from high to low concentration (diffusive flux) is directly proportional to the particle's concentration gradient.

Fick's second law: Prediction of change in concentration gradient with time due to diffusion.

A diffusion process that obeys Fick's laws is called normal or Fickian diffusion; otherwise, it is called anomalous diffusion or non-Fickian diffusion.
2014 ACC Premier League
ACC Premier League, the three-tier tournament was evolved from the former two-tier ACC Trophy cricket competition. The 2014–15 season started with the top-tier tournament which was held in Malaysia in May. It gives Associate and Affiliate members of the Asian Cricket Council experience of international one-day cricket and also helps form an essential part of regional rankings. Some of the individual matches were given One Day International (ODI) status by the International Cricket Council (ICC).

The top four teams of top-tier tournament, Afghanistan, UAE, Nepal and Oman qualified for the 2014 ACC Championship, while Hong Kong and Malaysia remained in the 2016 ACC Premier League. In the second division held in Singapore between 7–13 July, the host winning the tournament also qualified for the same tournament. Results of the ACC Premier League 2014 was determined on rankings in the final table. If two or more teams had equal points, rankings were decided by net run-rate.

Limited overs cricket
Limited overs cricket, also known as white ball cricket, is a version of the sport of cricket in which a match is generally completed within one day. There are a number of formats, including List A cricket (8-hour games), Twenty20 cricket (3-hour games), , 100-ball cricket (2.5 hours) and T10 cricket (1.5 hour games). The name reflects the rule that in the match each team bowls a set maximum number of overs (sets of 6 legal balls), usually between 20 and 50, although shorter and longer forms of limited overs cricket have been played.

The concept contrasts with Test and first-class matches, which can take up to five days to complete. One-day cricket is popular with spectators as it can encourage aggressive, risky, entertaining batting, often results in cliffhanger endings, and ensures that a spectator can watch an entire match without committing to five days of continuous attendance.
Kimchi-buchimgae
Kimchi-buchimgae (Korean: 김치부침개) or kimchi-jeon (김치전) is a variety of buchimgae or jeon. It is primarily made with sliced kimchi, flour batter and sometimes other vegetables. However, meat (ground pork) is also often added. Kimchi, spicy pickled vegetables seasoned with chili pepper and jeotgal, is a staple in Korean cuisine. The dish is good for using up ripened kimchi. Kimchibuchimgae is often recognized in Korean culture as a folk dish of low profile that anyone could make easily at home with no extra budget.

It is usually served as a banchan (appetizer or snack).

When preparing kimchi-jeon, brine from kimchi is often added, especially that of baechu-kimchi, made from napa cabbage. The brine lends its red color to the batter but is not spicy itself. Along with kimchi, it is served as anju with alcoholic beverages such as makgeolli or dongdongju. These days, in addition to the basic ingredients, it is often made with ingredients such as seafood or cheese.

Jeotgal
Jeotgal (Korean: 젓갈) or jeot (젓), translated as salted seafood, is a category of salted preserved dishes made with seafood such as shrimps, oysters, clams, fish, and roe. Depending on the ingredients, jeotgal can range from flabby or solid pieces to clear, broth-like liquid.

Solid jeotgal are usually eaten as banchan (side dishes). Liquid jeotgal, called aekjeot (액젓) or fish sauce, is popularly used in kimchi seasoning, as well as in various soups and stews (guk, jijimi, jjigae). As a condiment, jeotgal with smaller bits of solid ingredients such as saeu-jeot (shrimp jeotgal) is commonly served as a dipping sauce with pork dishes (bossam, jokbal, samgyeopsal), sundae (Korean sausage), hoe (raw fish), and a number of soups and stews.
2003 World Music Awards
The 2003 World Music Awards (15th annual World Music Awards) were held on 12 October 2003 in Monaco. The evening was hosted by Vivica A. Fox, Rupert Everett, and Anna Kournikova. Awards were given based on worldwide sales figures for that year. The big winners of the night were 50 Cent, who took home five awards, and t.A.T.u. with three awards.

Herbert Grönemeyer
Herbert Arthur Wiglev Clamor Grönemeyer (born 12 April 1956) is a German singer, musician, producer, composer and actor, popular in Germany, Austria and Switzerland.

Grönemeyer starred as war correspondent Lieutenant Werner in Wolfgang Petersen's 1981 film Das Boot, but later focused on his musical career. His fifth album 4630 Bochum (1984) and his 11th album Mensch (2002) are the fifth- and second-best-selling records in Germany respectively, making Grönemeyer the most successful artist in Germany with combined album sales over 13 million.
Michael Tempo
Michael Tempo (born James Michael Temple) is an American drummer, percussionist and songwriter. Tempo is a prolific session musician, working with artists such as Tom Russell, Michelle Shocked, John Renbourn, Anthony Crawford, Jessica Harper, Prism, The Blazers, Marilyn Martin, Jim Matt, John "Juke" Logan, Rosie Flores, and Peter Alsop.

He was the bandleader of the Bonedaddys for over 36 years. He is also a visual artist.

Tempo attended the Kansas City Art Institute, where he studied Graphic Design and Photography and graduated in 1972 with a B.F.A. in Painting and Printmaking. He had art shows in Kansas City, Los Angeles and New Orleans. Also, Tempo, John Puscheck and Michael Randall formed the collaborative art group, the Evil Monkeys. The Evil Monkeys mounted 13 shows before the death of co-founder John Puscheck. The paintings in these exhibitions were in the medium of Krylon on reverse Plexiglass, and each featured a large collaborative triple portrait of the group.

John Renbourn
John Renbourn (8 August 1944 – 26 March 2015) was an English guitarist and songwriter. He was best known for his collaboration with guitarist Bert Jansch as well as his work with the folk group Pentangle, although he maintained a solo career before, during and after that band's existence (1967–1973). Several albums were credited to the John Renbourn Group.  He worked later in a duo with Stefan Grossman.

While most commonly labelled a folk musician, Renbourn's musical tastes and interests took in early music, classical music, jazz, blues and world music. His most influential album, Sir John Alot (1968), featured his take on tunes from the medieval period.
Kristie Kenney
Kristie Anne Kenney (born May 24, 1955) is an American former senior diplomat who served as the 32nd Counselor of the United States Department of State from 2016 to 2017. She is a recipient of the Secretary of State's Distinguished Service Award and held the nation's highest diplomatic rank of Career Ambassador in the United States Foreign Service. She served as the Department of State Transition Coordinator for the 2016–17 transition.

Ambassador Kenney previously served as the United States Ambassador to the Republic of Ecuador, as United States Ambassador to the Philippines, and most recently as United States Ambassador to Thailand. She was the first female U.S. ambassador to the latter two countries. Kenney holds a master's degree in Latin American studies from Tulane University and a bachelor's degree in political science from Clemson University.

Latin American studies
Latin American studies (LAS) is an academic and research field associated with the study of Latin America. The interdisciplinary study is a subfield of area studies, and can be composed of numerous disciplines such as economics, sociology, history, international relations, political science, geography, cultural studies, gender studies, and literature.
UMT Stadium
Ubon UMT Stadium (Thai: สนามยูเอ็มที สเตเดี้ยม) is a football stadium in Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand. The stadium was the home stadium of Ubon UMT United F.C. of Thai League 1 starting from 2017. The stadium has located in The Eastern University of Management and Technology (UMT) where it gains the name. It holds 6,000 people in the first phase and could be expanded later  to 10,000.

Ubon Ratchathani
Ubon Ratchathani (Thai: อุบลราชธานี, pronounced [ʔubon râːt.tɕʰa.tʰaːniː]) is one of the four main cities in Thailand's Isan region, alongside Nakhon Ratchasima (Khorat), Udon Thani, and Khon Kaen, collectively known as the "big four of Isan." Located on the Mun River in the southeastern Isan, Ubon Ratchathani sits about 615 km (382 mi) from Bangkok. Commonly shortened to Ubon (อุบลฯ), the city’s name means "royal lotus city". It serves as the administrative center of Ubon Ratchathani Province.

As of 2006, the urban area of Ubon Ratchathani had a population of about 200,000. This included 85,000 in Thetsaban Nakhon Ubon Ratchathani (Ubon municipality), 30,000 each in Thetsaban Mueang Warin Chamrap (Warin municipality) and Thetsaban Tambon Kham Yai, 24,000 in Thetsaban Tambon Saen Suk, and 10,000 each in Thetsaban Tambon Pathum and Tambon Kham Nam Saep, as well as 6,000 in Thetsaban Tambon Ubon.
Cariaso
Cariaso is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Chris Cariaso (born 1981), Filipino-American mixed martial artist

Jeffrey Cariaso (born 1972), Filipino-American basketball player and coach

Chris Cariaso
Christopher Vincent Cariaso (born May 27, 1981) is an American former mixed martial artist best known for competing in the Flyweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), where he contended for the UFC Flyweight Championship once.
West Michigan Edge
West Michigan Edge was an American soccer team based in Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States. Founded in 1995, the team played in the USL Premier Development League (PDL), the fourth tier of the American Soccer Pyramid, until 2008, when the franchise folded and the team left the league.

The team played its home games at EK Stadium on the campus of East Kentwood High School in nearby Kentwood, Michigan. The team's colors were red, white and blue.

The club also fielded a team in the USL's Super-20 League, a league for players 17 to 20 years of age run under the United Soccer Leagues umbrella.

United States soccer league system
The United States soccer league system is a series of professional and amateur soccer leagues based, in whole or in part, in the United States. Although sometimes called the American soccer pyramid, teams and leagues are not linked by a system of promotion and relegation as is common in other countries. Instead, the United States Soccer Federation (USSF or U.S. Soccer) defines professional leagues in three levels, called divisions, with all other leagues sanctioned by the USSF not having an official designated level or division.

For practical and historical reasons, some teams from Bermuda, Canada, and Puerto Rico (considered a separate country by FIFA) can also compete in these leagues. However, these teams are not eligible for the U.S. Open Cup and cannot represent the United States in the CONCACAF Champions Cup because they are not affiliated with U.S. Soccer.
Toxikk
Toxikk is an Arena FPS video game by Hanover, Germany-based software developer Reakktor. The game is built on the Unreal Engine 3. The beta was released for Windows via Steam Early Access on 22 January 2015. The game got a full release on September 13, 2016.

Early access
Early access, also known as alpha access, alpha founding, paid alpha, or game preview, is a funding model in the video game industry by which consumers can play a game in the various pre-release development cycles, such as pre-alpha, alpha, and/or beta, while the developer is able to use those funds to continue further development on the game. Those that pay to participate typically help to debug the game, provide feedback and suggestions, and may have access to special materials in the game. The early-access approach is a common way to obtain funding for indie games, and may also be used along with other funding mechanisms, including crowdfunding. Many crowdfunding projects promise to offer access to alpha and/or beta versions of the game as development progresses; however, unlike some of these projects which solicit funds but do not yet have a playable game, all early access games offer an immediately playable version of the unfinished game to players.
Golf society
A golf society, or golfing society, is a social club, whose members are dedicated to playing the sport of golf. Unlike a golf club, a golf society does not own a golf course, instead playing on the golf courses owned by one or more golf clubs. Golf societies may form for a number of reasons, including to provide opportunities for members to play more than one course, or to avoid the associated overheads of managing a golf course.

Musselburgh Links
Musselburgh Links, The Old Golf Course in Musselburgh, East Lothian, Scotland, is one of the oldest golf courses in the world. The course is not to be confused with The Royal Musselburgh Golf Club or the Levenhall Links.

Musselburgh Links is a publicly owned course, administered by East Lothian Council. Two golf clubs, Musselburgh Old Course Golf Club and Musselburgh Links Ladies Golf Club, are based at the course. The course has nine holes, and is a par 34.
Mohd Isam Mohd Isa
Mohd Isam bin Mohd Isa (Jawi: محمد عصام محمد عيسى, Malay pronunciation: [mohamad isam]; born 3 January 1969) is a Malaysian politician who has served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Tampin since November 2022. He served as Member of the Negeri Sembilan State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Gemencheh from May 2018 to August 2023. He is a member and Division Chief of Tampin of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), a component party of the Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition.

Tampin (federal constituency)
Tampin is a federal constituency in Tampin District, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Dewan Rakyat since 1974.

The federal constituency was created in the 1974 redistribution and is mandated to return a single member to the Dewan Rakyat under the first past the post voting system.
2017 Eliteserien
The 2017 Eliteserien was the 73rd completed season of top-tier football in Norway. The season began on 1 April 2017 and ended on 26 November 2017, not including play-off matches. This was first season of Eliteserien as rebranding from Tippeligaen. Rosenborg were the defending champions, while Kristiansund and Sandefjord entered as the promoted teams from the 2016 1. divisjon.

The 2017 season saw the name of the league change from Tippeligaen (named after sponsor Norsk Tipping) to Eliteserien, a non-sponsor affiliated name controlled by the Football Association of Norway. Rosenborg won their third consecutive title and 25th top-flight title overall, with two games to spare. Rosenborg conceded only 20 goals during the season, a league record.

Norsk Tipping
Norsk Tipping  is a Norwegian gambling company headquartered in Hamar, Norway. Founded in 1948, Norsk Tipping is owned by the Norwegian government and administered by the Norwegian Ministry of Culture. The company offers a wide range of lottery, sports and instant games in the Norwegian market. Since its foundation, the profit from the company’s operations have been channelled back to the Norwegian sport and cultural sectors.
Glasgow bid for the 2026 Commonwealth Games
The Glasgow bid for the 2026 Commonwealth Games was a bid by Glasgow and Commonwealth Games Scotland to host the 2026 Commonwealth Games, following Victoria's withdrawal of hosting the games. On 17 September 2024, it was announced that the bid had been successful, and it was officially approved on 22 October 2024.

Tollcross International Swimming Centre
The Tollcross International Swimming Centre is a swimming pool and leisure centre in Glasgow. It hosted the Swimming events at the 2014 Commonwealth Games, and will host it once more in 2026. The centre hosted the IPC Swimming World Championships during July 2015.
Carine Van Regenmortel
Carine Van Regenmortel (born 1960 in Antwerp, Belgium) is a Belgian corporate lawyer at the Belgian law firm ALTIUS where she heads the corporate departement. She served as ALTIUS' managing partner from 2007 till March 2016. She was elected "Managing Partner of the Year 2010" at the Belgian Legal Awards, and the following year, ALTIUS was elected "Corporate Firm of the Year” at the Belgian Legal Awards.

Regenmortel received a Lic.Jur. degree from the University of Antwerp in 1983, and an LLM in European Law from the College of Europe in Bruges, where she studied 1983-1984 (Jean Rey Promotion). She attended the European Young Lawyers Scheme, organised by the British Council in 1988.

Jean Rey (politician)
Jean Rey (French: [ʒɑ̃ ʁɛ]; 15 July 1902 – 19 May 1983) was a Belgian Liberal politician who served as the second president of the European Commission from 1967 to 1970. He served as European Commissioner for External Relations from 1958 to 1967. The 1983–1984 academic year at the College of Europe was named in his honour.
Bad River (Wisconsin)
The Bad River is a river flowing to Lake Superior in northern Wisconsin in the United States.  It flows for 119.6 kilometres (74.3 mi) in Ashland County, draining an area of 1,061 square miles (2,750 km2) in portions of Ashland, Bayfield and Iron counties. The Bad River sloughs were designated a Ramsar Wetland of International Importance on February 2, 2012.

Bayfield County, Wisconsin
Bayfield County is a county located in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, its population is 16,220. Its county seat is Washburn. The county was created in 1845 and organized in 1850. The Red Cliff Band of Lake Superior Chippewa has a reservation in Bayfield County and is the county's largest employer. The county is considered a high-recreation retirement destination by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
1872 Alabama gubernatorial election
The 1872 Alabama gubernatorial election took place on November 5, 1872, in order to elect the governor of Alabama. Republican David P. Lewis, a former Democrat and Confederate deputy, narrowly defeated former Confederate Army officer Thomas H. Herndon of the Democratic party by a margin of 4.48%. Alabama became the only state in the former Confederacy where Republicans regained power during Reconstruction after the state had been "redeemed" by the Democrats. This would be the last time until 1986 in which a Republican was elected governor of Alabama.

Governor of Alabama
The governor of Alabama is the head of government of the U.S. state of Alabama. The governor is the head of the executive branch of Alabama's state government and is charged with enforcing state laws. Kay Ivey is the 54th and current governor since 2017.
KTFF Super Cup
The KTFF Super Cup (Turkish: KTFF Süper Kupası), formerly known as Cumhurbaşkanlığı Kupası ("Presidential Cup"), was the super cup tournament of the Cyprus Turkish Football Federation, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.

Created in 1981, it was contested between the winners of KTFF Süper Lig and the Cypriot Cup before the beginning of a season.

Yenicami Ağdelen
Yenicami Agdelen SK is a Turkish Cypriot football club based in North Nicosia.

Yenicami Agdelen S.K (YAK) was founded in 1951. Its colours are black and white. It plays its home matches in the Nicosia Atatürk Stadium. Its nickname is "Kartal" ("Eagle").