hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Louis Sainte-Marie
Louis Sainte-Marie (April 30, 1835 – March 12, 1916) was a Quebec merchant and political figure. He represented Napierville in the House of Commons of Canada from 1887 to 1890 as a Liberal member and Napierville in the Legislative Assembly of Quebec from 1890 to 1897 as a Liberal and then Conservative member.

He was born in St-Constant, Lower Canada, the son of Louis Sainte-Marie and Rose Dupuis. Saint-Marie was educated at Beauharnois and entered business as a merchant at Saint-Rémi. He was a captain in the militia, serving during the Fenian raids. In 1861, he married Précille Caron. Sainte-Marie served on the town council for Saint-Rémi and was mayor from 1877 to 1882. In 1890, he resigned his seat in the House of Commons and was elected to the Quebec assembly as a Liberal. He was elected as a Conservative in 1892; Sainte-Marie was defeated when he ran for reelection in 1897. He died in Saint-Rémi at the age of 80.

Beauharnois, Quebec
Beauharnois  (/boʊˈhɑːrnwɑː/; French pronunciation: [boaʁnwa]) is a city located in the Beauharnois-Salaberry Regional County Municipality of southwestern Quebec, Canada, and is part of the Greater Montreal Area. The city's population as of the Canada 2021 Census was 13,638. It is home to the Beauharnois Hydroelectric Power Station, as well as the Beauharnois Lock of the Saint Lawrence Seaway.
West Coast Highway, Singapore
West Coast Highway (Chinese: 西海岸大路; Malay: Lebuhraya Pantai Barat; Tamil: மேற்கு கடற்கரை நெடுஞ்சாலை) is a major arterial road in Singapore which links Jurong industrial estate and Clementi New Town to the city. It is an at-grade road from its junction with Pandan Loop and West Coast Road to its interchange with Pasir Panjang Road, where it becomes a grade-separated viaduct; the viaduct merges with Keppel Road before its interchange with Ayer Rajah Expressway. The total length of the highway is 11 km. The viaduct is newer than the at-grade section, having been completed in 2006.

Despite what its name may suggest, the speed limit on the highway is less than that of an expressway. The highway also has a few traffic light junctions, something that expressways do not have. The at-grade section of the highway is a three-lane dual carriageway, and the viaduct is a two-lane dual carriageway with a 1-metre hard shoulder. At a length of 5 km, the viaduct is the longest in Singapore.

Viaduct
A viaduct is a bridge that consists of a series of arches, piers or columns supporting a long elevated railway or road. Typically a viaduct connects two points of roughly equal elevation, allowing direct overpass across a wide valley, road, river, or other low-lying terrain features and obstacles. The term viaduct is derived from the Latin via meaning "road", and ducere meaning "to lead". It is a 19th-century derivation from an analogy with ancient Roman aqueducts. Like the Roman aqueducts, many early viaducts comprised a series of arches of roughly equal length.
Defective by Design
Defective by Design (DBD) is a grassroots anti-digital rights management (DRM) initiative by the Free Software Foundation (FSF) and CivicActions. Launched in 2006, DBD believes that DRM (which they call "digital restrictions management") makes technology deliberately defective, negatively affects digital freedoms, and is "a threat to innovation in media, the privacy of readers, and freedom for computer users." The initiative regularly campaigns against the use of DRM by the media industry and software industry to increase awareness of the anti-DRM movement and pressure industries into no longer using DRM. They are known for their use of hazmat suits in their demonstrations.

DBD represents one of the first efforts of the FSF to find common cause with mainstream social activists and encourage free software advocates to become socially involved. As of late 2006, the campaign was claiming over 12,000 registered members.

Software industry
The software industry includes businesses for development, maintenance and publication of software that are using different business models, mainly either "license/maintenance based" (on-premises) or "Cloud based" (such as SaaS, PaaS, IaaS, MBaaS, MSaaS, DCaaS etc.). The industry also includes software services, such as training, documentation, consulting and data recovery. The software and computer services industry spends more than 11% of its net sales for Research & Development which is in comparison with other industries the second highest share after pharmaceuticals & biotechnology.
2,7,4'-Trihydroxyisoflavanone 4'-O-methyltransferase
2,7,4'-Trihydroxyisoflavanone 4'-O-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.212, SAM:2,7,4'-trihydroxyisoflavanone 4'-O-methyltransferase, HI4'OMT, HMM1, MtIOMT5) is an enzyme with systematic name S-adenosyl-L-methionine:2,7,4'-trihydroxyisoflavanone 4'-O-methyltransferase . This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 2,7,4'-trihydroxyisoflavanone  S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavanone

This enzyme specifically methylates 2,7,4'-trihydroxyisoflavanone on the 4'-position.

S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine
S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH) is the biosynthetic precursor to homocysteine.  SAH is formed by the demethylation of S-adenosyl-L-methionine. Adenosylhomocysteinase converts SAH into homocysteine and adenosine.
Siegel operator
In mathematics, the Siegel operator is a linear map from (level 1) Siegel modular forms of degree d to Siegel modular forms of degree d − 1, generalizing taking the constant term of a modular form. The kernel is the space of Siegel cusp forms of degree d.

Kernel (linear algebra)
In mathematics, the kernel of a linear map, also known as the null space or nullspace, is the part of the domain which is mapped to the zero vector of the co-domain; the kernel is always a linear subspace of the domain. That is, given a linear map L : V → W between two vector spaces V and W, the kernel of L is the vector space of all elements v of V such that L(v) = 0, where 0 denotes the zero vector in W, or more symbolically:
Henk ten Cate
Hendrik Willem ten Cate (born 9 December 1954) is a Dutch football coach and former player who is head coach of the Suriname national team.

During the 2005–06 season, he was assistant to Frank Rijkaard at Barcelona as the club won the UEFA Champions League and La Liga. He later managed Ajax until October 2007, winning three trophies with the Dutch club.

Ten Cate joined Chelsea on 11 October 2007 as assistant manager, but stepped down after the 2008 UEFA Champions League Final defeat on 29 May 2008, five days after manager Avram Grant left the club.

KNVB Cup
The KNVB Beker (pronounced [ˌkaːʔɛɱveːˈbeː ˈbeːkər]; English: KNVB Cup), branded as the Eurojackpot KNVB Beker for sponsorship reasons, is a competition in the Netherlands organised by the Royal Dutch Football Association (KNVB) since 1898. It was based on the format of the English FA Cup. Outside the Netherlands, it is often referred to as the Dutch Cup. The tournament consists of all teams from the top four tiers of Dutch league football (Eredivisie, Eerste Divisie, Tweede Divisie and Derde Divisie), as well as the 24 semi-finalists (or replacements) of the six KNVB District Cups. The finals of the tournament traditionally takes place in De Kuip, and has been held there every season since the 1989 final. The winners of the cup compete against the winners of the Eredivisie for the Johan Cruyff Shield, (equivalent to a super cup) which acts as the curtain raiser for the following season.
Litauische Bau-Bataillonen
The Litauische Bau-Bataillonen  or Lithuanian Construction Battalions (Lithuanian: Lietuvių statybos (inžinerijos) batalionai) were five auxiliary pioneer battalions of the Wehrmacht (Nazi Germany) during World War II. Formed in 1943, they consisted mostly of conscripted Lithuanians with only a small number of Germans. In total, about 2,500–3,000 men served in the battalions. They were attached to German engineering units under the Army Group North. They were sent to the Eastern Front where they constructed and repaired roads, bridges, bunkers, anti-tank obstacles, and other military fortifications. They were labor (not combat) units though they engaged Soviet partisans on several occasions. A few times, Lithuanian formations were used to plunder and burn Russian villages according to German scorched earth tactics. The battalions were disbanded and absorbed by various other units in 1944.

Army Group North
Army Group North (German: Heeresgruppe Nord) was the name of three separate army groups of the Wehrmacht during World War II. Its rear area operations were organized by the Army Group North Rear Area.

The first Army Group North was deployed during the invasion of Poland and subsequently renamed Army Group B. The second Army Group North was created on 22 June 1941 from the former Army Group C and used in the northern sector of the Eastern Front from 1941 to January 1945. By then, this second Army Group North had gotten trapped in the Courland Pocket and was accordingly redesignated Army Group Courland. On the same day, the former Army Group Center, which was now defending the northernmost sector of the contiguous Eastern Front, was renamed Army Group North, assuming the status of the third and final iteration of the army group.
Szolnok-Doboka County
Szolnok-Doboka was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in northern Romania (northern Transylvania). The capital of the county was Dés (now Dej, Romania).

Counties of Hungary (1000–1920)
A county (Hungarian: vármegye 'castle-county' or megye) is the name of a type of administrative unit in Hungary.

This article deals with counties in the former Kingdom of Hungary from the 10th century until the Treaty of Trianon of 1920. For lists of individual counties, see: Administrative divisions of the Kingdom of Hungary. For counties of Hungary since 1950, see: Counties of Hungary.
Fawn Island
Fawn Island is a small Canadian island located in the St. Clair River between Sombra, Ontario and Marine City, Michigan. The island is approximately 50 miles (80 km) northeast of Detroit, Michigan and Windsor, Ontario. There are over 50 cottages on the island, all accessible via the island's two canals. The canals divide the island into three islets, joined by two small bridges.

Marine City, Michigan
Marine City is a city in St. Clair County in the U.S. state of Michigan. Located on the west bank of the St. Clair River, it is one of the cities in the River District north of Detroit and south of Lake Huron. In the late 19th century, it was a major center of wooden shipbuilding and lumber processing.

The population was 4,079 at the 2020 census. The city formerly featured an international auto ferry service, The Bluewater Ferry to Sombra, Ontario, Canada across the river.
Politics of Bahrain
Politics of Bahrain has since 2002 taken place in a framework of a semi-constitutional monarchy where the government is appointed by the King of Bahrain, King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa. The head of the government since 2020 is Crown Prince Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa, who became Prime Minister following the death of Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa, and who also serves as Deputy Commander of the Bahrain Defence Force. The parliament is a bicameral legislature, with the Council of Representatives elected by universal suffrage, and the Consultative Council (also called the Shura Council) appointed directly by the king.

Bahrain Defence Force
The Bahrain Defence Force (Arabic: قوة دفاع البحرين, abbreviated BDF) is the military force of the Kingdom of Bahrain. The Bahrain Defence Force is under the direct command and leadership of a commander-in-chief who holds the rank of field marshal. The Government has a Minister of Defence Affairs, responsible for BDF representation in the Cabinet.

The BDF numbers about 18,000 personnel and consists of the Royal Bahraini Air Force, Royal Bahraini Army, Royal Bahraini Navy and the Royal Guard. Apart from the BDF, the public security forces and the Coast Guard report to the Ministry of Interior.

In January 2008, Crown Prince Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa, was appointed as the Deputy Supreme Commander, while Khalifa bin Ahmed Al Khalifa was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the BDF. BDF's Chief of Staff is Lieutenant General Theyab bin Saqer Al Noaimi.
Tor Bjørn Andersen
Tor Bjørn Andersen is a Norwegian handball player.

He made his debut on the Norwegian national team in 1995, and played 14 matches for the national team between 1995 and 1999. He competed at the 1999 World Men's Handball Championship.

1999 World Men's Handball Championship
The 1999 World Men's Handball Championship was the 16th edition of the World Championship in team handball. It was held in Egypt, from 1 to 15 June, in the cities of Cairo, Ismailia and Port Said. Sweden won the championship.
Ray Niuia
Raymond 'Ray' Niuia (born 19 June 1991) is a New Zealand born Samoan rugby union player most recently played for Moana Pasifika in Super Rugby. He has also played for both the Highlanders and the Blues. His position is Hooker.

Samoans
Samoans or Samoan people (Samoan: tagata Sāmoa) are the Indigenous Polynesian people of the Samoan Islands, an archipelago in Polynesia, who speak the Samoan language. The group's home islands are politically and geographically divided between the Independent State of Samoa and American Samoa, an unincorporated territory of the United States of America. Though divided by national border, the culture and language are the same.

The Samoan people and culture form a vital link and stepping stone in the formation and spread of Polynesian culture, language and religion throughout Eastern Polynesia.

Polynesian trade, religion, war, and colonialism are important markers within Polynesian culture that are almost certainly rooted in the Samoan culture. Samoa's ancient history with the kingdom of Tonga, chiefdoms of Fiji and French Polynesia form the basis of modern Polynesian culture.
Teolindo Acosta
Teolindo Antonio Acosta Lázaro (July 23, 1937 — August 2, 2004) was a Venezuelan professional baseball player. Listed at 5' 7", 168 lb., he
batted and threw left handed.

Acosta was a distinguished batter in his homeland. As a result, many people called him, in friendly way,  as El Loquito que Inventó el Hit (the tiny crazy who invented the hit).

His skills were shown in his motherland with the Aguilas del Zulia, Cardenales de Lara, Industriales de Valencia, Licoreros de Pampero, Llaneros de Acarigua and Tigres de Araguaof the Venezuelan Professional Baseball League. Besides, Acosta played nine seasons in the Mexican League for the Leones de Yucatán, Pericos de Puebla, Tecolotes de Nuevo Laredo and Cardenales de Villahermosa, now known as Olmecas de Tabasco .

Along his prolific career of 23 years, Acosta won five batting crowns, two of them in his motherland and the rest of them in México.

Tecolotes de los Dos Laredos
The Tecolotes de los Dos Laredos (English: Two Laredos Owls), formerly known as the Tecolotes de Nuevo Laredo (English: Nuevo Laredo Owls), are a professional baseball team in the Mexican League. The Tecolotes are a binational baseball team, splitting their home games between Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, Mexico and Laredo, Texas, United States. Their home games in Mexico are played at Parque la Junta, while their home games in the United States are played at Uni-Trade Stadium. They are the only Mexican League team to play outside of Mexico.
2015 Emperor's Cup
The 95th Emperor's Cup (第95回天皇杯全日本サッカー選手権大会) was the regular edition of the annual Japanese national cup tournament, which was held from 29 August 2015 to its final on 1 January 2016.

The winners, Gamba Osaka, qualified to the group stage of the 2016 AFC Champions League.

2016 AFC Champions League
The 2016 AFC Champions League was the 35th edition of Asia's premier club football tournament organized by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC), and the 14th under the current AFC Champions League title.

Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors defeated Al-Ain in the final to win their second AFC Champions League title, and qualified as the AFC representative at the 2016 FIFA Club World Cup in Japan, their second appearance in the FIFA Club World Cup. Guangzhou Evergrande were the defending champions, but were eliminated in the group stage.
Betrayed (1954 film)
Betrayed is a 1954 American Eastmancolor war drama film directed by Gottfried Reinhardt and starring Clark Gable, Lana Turner, Victor Mature, and Louis Calhern. The screenplay was by Ronald Millar and George Froeschel. The musical score was by Walter Goehr and Bronislau Kaper, and the cinematography by Freddie Young. The picture, Gable's last for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, was filmed on location in the Netherlands and England, and was based on the story of turncoat Dutch resistance leader Christiaan Lindemans, also known as "King Kong". The supporting cast features O. E. Hasse, Wilfrid Hyde-White, Ian Carmichael, Niall MacGinnis, and Theodore Bikel. Betrayed was the fourth and final movie in which Gable played opposite Turner, and their third pairing set during World War II. (They played comrades, not simply lovers, in all three war films.)

Diana Coupland provided Turner's singing voice in the song "Johnny Come Home".

Betrayed was spoofed in the film Top Secret! (1984).

Freddie Young
Frederick A. Young OBE, BSC (9 October 1902 – 1 December 1998) was an English cinematographer. Sometimes credited as F. A. Young, his career in motion picture photography spanned more than 130 films across nearly 70 years, between 1919 and 1984. He was best known for the sweeping, lush widescreen color photography he displayed through his collaborations with director David Lean. He won the Academy Award for Best Cinematography three times – for Lawrence of Arabia (1962), Doctor Zhivago (1965) and Ryan's Daughter (1970) – all directed by Lean.

In 1972, he was made a BAFTA Fellow by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts. In 2003, a survey conducted by the International Cinematographers Guild placed Young among the ten most influential cinematographers of all time.
Adam Taylor
Adam Taylor is an American composer. He is best known for his contributions to film and television scores, such as The Handmaid's Tale, Before I Fall, I Think We're Alone Now and Chilling Adventures of Sabrina.

Taylor's work on The Handmaid's Tale was twice nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Music Composition for a Series, in 2019 and 2021.

71st Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards
The 71st Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards honored the best in artistic and technical achievement in American prime time television programming from June 1, 2018, until May 31, 2019, as chosen by the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences. The awards were presented across two ceremonies on September 14 and 15, 2019, at the Microsoft Theater in Los Angeles, California. FXX broadcast an abbreviated telecast of the ceremonies on September 21, leading into the 71st Primetime Emmy Awards on September 22.
Nasrin Kadri
Nasrin Kadri or Nasreen Qadri (Arabic: نسرين قادري; Hebrew: נסרין קדרי; born 2 September 1986) is an Israeli singer. She mostly performs Hebrew songs, with a focus on Mizrahi music. However, she also performs Arabic songs, notably including those by Egyptian singer Umm Kulthum. In 2018, Kadri converted to Judaism from Islam.

Arabic music
Arabic music (Arabic: الموسيقى العربية, romanized: al-mūsīqā l-ʿarabiyyah) is the music of the Arab world with all its diverse music styles and genres. Arabic countries have many rich and varied styles of music and also many linguistic dialects, with each country and region having their own traditional music.

Arabic music has a long history of interaction with many other regional musical styles and genres. It represents the music of all the peoples that make up the Arab world today.
Willie and Earl Richard's Daughter
Willie and Earl Richard's Daughter (Child 102, Roud 3910) is a traditional English-language folk ballad. It recounts the birth of Robin Hood, but is not part of the Robin Hood cycle; Francis James Child rejected the title The Birth of Robin Hood for it on those grounds.

Francis James Child
Francis James Child (February 1, 1825 – September 11, 1896) was an American scholar, educator, and folklorist, best known today for his collection of English and Scottish ballads now known as the Child Ballads. Child was Boylston professor of rhetoric and oratory at Harvard University, where he produced influential editions of English poetry. In 1876 he was named Harvard's first Professor of English, a position which allowed him to focus on academic research. It was during this time that he began work on the Child Ballads.

The Child Ballads were published in five volumes between 1882 and 1898. While Child was primarily a literary scholar with little interest in the music of the ballads, his work became a major contribution to the study of English-language folk music.
Sheng ji
Sheng ji is a family of point-based, trick-taking card games played in China and in Chinese immigrant communities. They have a dynamic trump, i.e., which cards are trump changes every round. As these games are played over a wide area with no standardization, rules vary widely from region to region.

The game is most commonly played with two decks of cards, which can be called bāshí fēn (八十分, 'eighty points'), tuō lā jī (拖拉機, 'tractor'),  shuāng kōu (雙摳, 'double digging out'), or shuāng shēng (雙升, 'double upgrade'); another variant is called zhǎo péngyǒu (找朋友, 'Finding Friends'), which has five or more players and two or more decks. Alternatively, it can be played with one deck, in which case the game may be called dǎ bǎi fēn (打百分, 'competing for a hundred points') or sìshí fēn (四十分, 'forty points').

The article below mainly describes the bashi fen variant, with players playing with two decks and in fixed partnerships.

Overseas Chinese
Overseas Chinese people or the Chinese diaspora are a diaspora people of Chinese origin who reside outside Greater China (mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan). As of 2011, there were over 40.3 million overseas Chinese. As of 2023, there were 10.5 million people living outside mainland China who were born in mainland China, corresponding to 0.7 percent of China's population. Overall, China has a low percent of its population living overseas.
Transformers: Mystery of Convoy
Transformers: Mystery of Convoy is a 1986 video game developed by ISCO and published by Takara in Japan for the Famicom. It is based on the Transformers toyline. The game was made available on the Wii's Virtual Console service on June 10, 2008.

The game stars Autobot protagonist Ultra Magnus. The titular Mystery is the identity of Optimus Prime's (known as "Convoy" in Japan, and misspelled as "Comvoy" in the game) killer, as the 1986 film did not see a Japanese release for another four years. Thus, Optimus Prime's death was not adequately explained to the Japanese audience; this game was intended to capitalize on that gap.

Kaito Ishikawa
Kaito Ishikawa (石川 界人, Ishikawa Kaito; born (1993-10-13)October 13, 1993) is a Japanese voice actor, affiliated with Stay Luck. He voiced Nero in Devil May Cry, Genos in One-Punch Man, Tenya Iida in My Hero Academia, Tsumugi Aoba in Ensemble Stars!!, Tobio Kageyama in Haikyu!!, and Jin Enjoji in Dandadan.