hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dog whistle
A dog whistle (also known as silent whistle or Galton's whistle) is a type of whistle that emits sound in the ultrasonic range, which humans cannot hear but some animals can, including dogs and domestic cats, and is used in their training. It was invented in 1876 by Francis Galton and is mentioned in his book Inquiries into Human Faculty and Its Development, in which he describes experiments to test the range of frequencies that could be heard by various animals, such as a house cat. Dog whistles were invented to explore auditory perception in animals and have since evolved into tools primarily used for dog training. The dog whistle has since evolved into a widely used tool in dog training, with commercial developments leading to more specialized and efficient designs.
References to dog whistles also appear in children's media, including cartoons and educational programming, where they are used as examples in discussions about sound, hearing, or animal behavior.

Inquiries into Human Faculty and Its Development
Inquiries into Human Faculty and Its Development is an 1883 book by Francis Galton, in which he covers a variety of psychological phenomena and their subsequent measurement. In this text he also references the idea of eugenics and coined the term for the first time (though he had published his ideas without the name many years earlier).
Jane McDonald
Jane Ann McDonald (born 4 April 1963) is an English singer, songwriter, and television presenter. She first became known following her appearance on the BBC One show The Cruise in 1998. Later that year, her eponymous debut studio album topped the UK Albums Chart for three weeks.

McDonald has had four UK top 10 albums and has performed at venues such as the Royal Albert Hall, London Palladium, and MGM Grand Las Vegas. She has also hosted or co-hosted daytime television shows including Loose Women and Star Treatment. Her travel show Cruising with Jane McDonald won a British Academy Television Award. She has also presented the travel shows Jane & Friends, Holidaying with Jane McDonald, Jane McDonald: My Yorkshire, Jane McDonald: Lost in Japan and Jane McDonald: From Pole to Pole.

London Palladium
The London Palladium (/pəˈleɪdiəm/ pə-LAY-dee-əm) is a Grade II* West End theatre located on Argyll Street, London, in Soho. The theatre was designed by Frank Matcham and opened in 1910. The auditorium holds 2,286 people. Hundreds of stars have played there, many with televised performances. Between 1955 and 1969 Sunday Night at the London Palladium was staged at the venue, produced for the ITV network. The show included a performance by the Beatles on 13 October 1963; one newspaper's headlines in the following days coined the term "Beatlemania" to describe the hysterical interest in the band.

While the theatre hosts resident shows, it is also able to host one-off performances, such as concerts, TV specials and Christmas pantomimes. It has hosted the Royal Variety Performance 43 times, most recently in 2019.
Japanese ship Hibiki
Three Japanese warships have borne the name Hibiki:

Japanese destroyer Hibiki (1906), a Kamikaze-class destroyer launched in 1906 and scrapped in 1928

Japanese destroyer Hibiki (1932), an Akatsuki-class destroyer launched in 1932 and transferred to the USSR in 1947

JS Hibiki, a Hibiki-class ocean surveillance ship

Kamikaze-class destroyer (1905)
The Kamikaze-class destroyers (神風型駆逐艦, Kamikaze-gata kuchikukan; "divine wind") were a class of thirty-two torpedo boat destroyers (TBDs) of the Imperial Japanese Navy. The Kamikaze class of destroyers were the first destroyers to be mass-produced in Japan. The class is also sometimes referred to as the Asakaze class. This class of destroyer should not be confused with the later Kamikaze-class destroyers built in 1922, which participated in the Pacific War.
Sandblasted (EP)
Sandblasted is the third EP release by English alternative rock band Swervedriver. Self-produced and recorded by the band, it was released on 22 July 1991, through Creation and A&M Records. The title track of the EP was included in the band's debut album, Raise (1991) and was released as their debut single, peaking at number 67 on UK Singles Chart.

Adam Franklin
Adam Franklin (born 7 October 1968) is an English guitarist, singer, and songwriter who is the front-man of the alternative rock band Swervedriver (1989–99, 2007–present) as well as the main creative force behind Toshack Highway (1999–2006) and currently releases records under his own name with his touring band Bolts of Melody. Franklin has released five independent studio albums in addition to three albums and two EPs under the moniker "Toshack Highway". He also sings and plays guitar in Magnetic Morning, a collaboration with Sam Fogarino from Interpol who have released an EP and a full-length album. Franklin is also a longtime member of the Sophia collective.
1820 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1820.

Animal track
An animal track is an imprint left behind in soil, snow, or mud, or on some other ground surface, by an animal walking across it. Animal tracks are used by hunters in tracking their prey and by naturalists to identify animals living in a given area.
Meaty Beaty Big and Bouncy
Meaty Beaty Big and Bouncy is a compilation album of singles by English rock band the Who, released in 1971 as Track 2406 006 in the UK and as Decca DL 79184 in the US. It entered the US Billboard 200 chart on 20 November 1971, peaking at number 11, and the UK chart on 3 December 1971, peaking at number 9.

Bill Curbishley
William George Curbishley (born 13 March 1942) is an English music and film producer and band manager.  He has managed English rock groups the Who and Judas Priest, as well as artists Jimmy Page and Robert Plant.
Portrait of George III
George III of the United Kingdom (reigned 1760–1820) featured in a large number of portrait paintings including:

Coronation Portrait of George III, a 1762 painting by Allan Ramsay

Portrait of George III (Dance-Holland), a 1768 painting by Nathaniel Dance-Holland

Portrait of George III (Zoffany), a 1771 painting by Johann Zoffany

Portrait of George III (Reynolds), a 1779 painting by Joshua Reynolds

Portrait of George III (West), a 1779 painting by Benjamin West

Portrait of George III (Gainsborough), a 1781 painting by Thomas Gainsborough

Portrait of George III (Beechey), an 1800 painting by William Beechey

Portrait of George III (Lawrence), an 1809 portrait by Thomas Lawrence

Thomas Gainsborough
Thomas Gainsborough RA FRSA (/ˈɡeɪnzbərə/; 14 May 1727 (baptised) – 2 August 1788) was an English portrait and landscape painter, draughtsman, and printmaker. Along with his rival Sir Joshua Reynolds, he is considered one of the most important British artists of the second half of the 18th century. He painted quickly, and the works of his maturity are characterised by a light palette and easy strokes. Despite being a prolific portrait painter, Gainsborough gained greater satisfaction from his landscapes. He is credited (with Richard Wilson) as the originator of the 18th-century British landscape school. Gainsborough was a founding member of the Royal Academy.
Skinner Normanton
Sidney Albert Normanton (20 August 1926 – 1995), known as Skinner Normanton, was an English coal miner and part-time footballer who played for Barnsley and Halifax Town of the English Football League.

Throughout his career, Normanton gained a reputation for a highly aggressive and physically uncompromising style of play, earning him a "hard man" image on and off the field. A heavy tackle contested with Alex Forbes in 1952 left Normanton with torn knee ligaments, which hastened the end of his Football League career.

Normanton was brought to wider notice in the writings of Michael Parkinson.

Michael Parkinson
Sir Michael Parkinson (28 March 1935 – 16 August 2023) was an English television presenter, broadcaster, journalist and author. He presented his television talk show Parkinson from 1971 to 1982 and from 1998 to 2007, as well as other talk shows and programmes both in the UK and abroad. He also worked in radio and was described by The Guardian as "the great British talkshow host".
Rajesh Varsani
Rajesh Varsani (born 29 July 1982) is an Indian-born Kenyan former cricketer.

Varsani was born at Bhuj in the Indian state of Gujarat in July 1982. He emigrated to Kenya and later made two appearances in List A cricket for the Kenya national cricket team against the United Arab Emirates at Nairobi in the 2011–2013 ICC World Cricket League Championship. He scored 57 runs in the first match, helping Kenya to a 66 runs victory. In the second match he kept wicket in place of Jeshani Naran, though was less successful with the bat, being dismissed for a single run by Saqib Ali. Varsani did not feature again for Kenya following these matches.

Bhuj
Bhuj (Gujarati: [bʰudʒ] ⓘ) is a city and the headquarters of Kutch district in the Indian state of Gujarat. It was the capital of Cutch State, which was a princely state before it was merged into the Indian Union in 1947.
Stuart Gibbs
Stuart Gibbs (born June 11, 1969) is an American author who has written mostly mystery and humor books that are aimed for tweens and teens.

Gibbs' books have been described as "fun, fast-paced" and "entertaining." He has written six book series: the FunJungle series, the Moon Base Alpha series, the Spy School series, the Charlie Thorne series, the Last Musketeer and Once Upon a Tim. He also wrote a Batman comic called Bruce Wayne: Not Super. Gibbs wrote screenplays for Showdown (1993), See Spot Run (2001), and Repli-Kate (2002).

See Spot Run
See Spot Run is a 2001 American comedy film directed by John Whitesell and starring David Arquette, Michael Clarke Duncan, Leslie Bibb, Joe Viterelli, Angus Jones, Anthony Anderson, Steve Schirripa, and Paul Sorvino. It is about a mailman who takes in a stray bullmastiff, the titular Spot, only to discover he is a trained FBI dog who escaped from a witness protection program and is targeted for attacking a crime boss.

It released to mostly negative reviews but was a moderate box office success.
2024 Open Sud de France
The 2024 Open Sud de France was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 37th edition of the Open Sud de France, and part of the ATP Tour 250 series of the 2024 ATP Tour. It took place at the Arena Montpellier in Montpellier, France, from 29 January until 4 February 2024.

Hugo Gaston
Hugo Gaston (French pronunciation: [yɡo ɡastɔ̃]; born 26 September 2000) is a French professional tennis player. His career high ATP ranking in singles is world No. 58, which he achieved on 11 July 2022, and in doubles is world No. 220, which he achieved on 16 May 2022. He won the 2018 Australian Open – Boys' doubles title with compatriot Clément Tabur.
Leucostethus brachistriatus
Leucostethus brachistriatus is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is endemic to Colombia and occurs on the western slopes of Cordillera Central and on Cordillera Occidental. Common name stripe-throated rocket frog has been proposed for it.

Cordillera Occidental (Colombia)
The Cordillera Occidental (English: Western Ranges) is the lowest in elevation of the three branches of the Colombian Andes.  The average altitude is 2,000 m (6,600 ft) and the highest peak is Cerro Tatamá at 4,100 m (13,500 ft).  The range extends from south to north diverging from the Colombian Massif in Nariño Department, passes north through Cauca, Valle del Cauca, Risaralda, Chocó, and Caldas Departments to the Paramillo Massif in Antioquia and Córdoba Departments. The cordillera is paralleled on the east by the Cauca river. From this massif the range divides further to form the Serranías de Ayapel, San Jerónimo and Abibe, receding into the Caribbean plain and the Sinú River valley.

It is a direct continuation of the Cordillera Occidental of Ecuador.
Fibromatosis
The term fibromatosis refers to a group of soft tissue tumors which have certain characteristics in common, including absence of cytologic and clinical malignant features, a histology consistent with proliferation of well-differentiated fibroblasts, an infiltrative growth pattern, and aggressive clinical behavior with frequent local recurrence. It is classed by the World Health Organization as an intermediate soft tissue tumor related to the sarcoma family. Arthur Purdy Stout coined the term fibromatosis (in the name congenital generalized fibromatosis, describing myofibromatosis), in 1954.

Soft tissue
Soft tissue connects and surrounds or supports internal organs and bones, and includes muscle, tendons, ligaments, fat, fibrous tissue, lymph and blood vessels, fasciae, and synovial membranes. Soft tissue is tissue in the body that is not hardened by the processes of ossification or calcification such as bones and teeth.

It is sometimes defined by what it is not – such as "nonepithelial, extraskeletal mesenchyme exclusive of the reticuloendothelial system and glia".
Axel Carion
Axel Carion (Axel, Michael, Jacques), born July 26, 1985, in Chartres (France) is a French explorer, specializing in extreme ultra distance cycling and the organization of ultra cycling self-supported races. He has cycled twice the length of South America in 2015 and 2017 and owns the Guinness World Record for cycling, as a team, the length of South America, established in February 2017.

He is the founder of the BikingMan bikepacking World Series and ambassador of the French Riviera since 2020.

Exploration
Exploration is the process of exploring, an activity which has some expectation of discovery. Organised exploration is largely a human activity, but exploratory activity is common to most organisms capable of directed locomotion and the ability to learn, and has been described in, amongst others, social insects foraging behaviour, where feedback from returning individuals affects the activity of other members of the group.
Coptocycla texana
Coptocycla texana, the anacua tortoise beetle, is a species of tortoise beetle in the family Chrysomelidae. It is found in Central America and North America.

This monophagous beetle feeds entirely on the leaves of the anacua (Ehretia anacua).

Generalist and specialist species
A generalist species is able to thrive in a wide variety of environmental conditions and can make use of a variety of different resources (for example, a heterotroph with a varied diet). A specialist species can thrive only in a narrow range of environmental conditions or has a limited diet. Most organisms do not all fit neatly into either group, however. Some species are highly specialized (the most extreme case being monophagous, eating one specific type of food), others less so, and some can tolerate many different environments. In other words, there is a continuum from highly specialized to broadly generalist species.
Myrtenal
Myrtenal is a bicyclic monoterpenoid with the chemical formula C10H14O. It is a naturally occurring molecule that can be found in numerous plant species including Hyssopus officinalis,  Salvia absconditiflora, and Cyperus articulatus.

Hyssopus officinalis
Hyssopus officinalis or hyssop is a shrub in the Lamiaceae or mint family native to Southern Europe, the Middle East, and the region surrounding the Caspian Sea. Due to its purported properties as an antiseptic, cough reliever, and expectorant, it has been used in traditional herbal medicine.
Sue Weller
Susan Weller was archdeacon of Walsall from 2014 to 2019, and then archdeacon of Lichfield.

She was educated at the University of Leeds. A marine biologist by profession, she was ordained deacon in 1996; and priest in 1997. After a curacy in Caverswall she was at Wilnecote from 2000 to 2005. After that her ministry took her to Rio de Janeiro until 2011 when she came to Wednesfield.

Wilnecote
Wilnecote is a suburban area about two miles (3.2 km) south-east of Tamworth, in the Tamworth district, in the county of Staffordshire, England, however, it also lies within the historic county of Warwickshire. It lies between the River Tame to the west and Kettle Brook to the north and east. It is one of the largest communities in the town.

Wilnecote borders Hockley, Dosthill, Two Gates, Belgrave and Stonydelph.
Taatsiin Tsagaan Lake
Taatsiin Tsagaan Lake (Mongolian: Таацын Цагаан Нуур [Taatsiin Tsagaan Nuur] ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ [taγača-un čaɣan naɣur]) is a large saline lake in Övörkhangai Province in the Gobi Desert of southern Mongolia.

Taatsiin Tsagaan Lake and the nearby Böön Tsagaan Lake, Adgiin Tsagaan Lake, and Orog Lake, are collectively designated a Ramsar wetland of international importance under the name "Valley of the Lakes". These lakes are known to be an important staging area for migratory waterfowl, and it has been suggested that they might be a breeding area for the rare Relict Gull. The  lake has been designated an Important Bird Area by BirdLife International.

Relict gull
The relict gull or  Central Asian gull (Ichthyaetus relictus) is a medium-sized gull.  It was believed to be an eastern race of the Mediterranean gull until 1971 and was traditionally placed in the genus Larus.
Appleby Court
Appleby Court is an architecturally notable building at 128 Aldermans Hill, Palmers Green, London.

The house was built in 1892 for the architect Joseph Benjamin Franklin as his own home and was the first house to be built on Aldermans Hill due to local development being blocked by the landowners the Taylors of Grovelands and the Walkers of Arnos Grove. It is number four on the London Borough of Enfield's Local Heritage List 2024 on the grounds of its significance for "Historic Association; Architectural Quality; Urban Design Quality; Social and Communal Value; Literary or Creative Association." It is in the Richard Norman Shaw Arts and Crafts tradition. It has since been converted to flats. It was originally numbered 127 but that number has now been taken by the adjacent and more recent Willowcroft Lodge.

The Walkers of Southgate
The Walkers of Southgate were an English cricketing family who lived at Arnos Grove house in Southgate, Middlesex, England. The family fortune was partly built through the brewing company Taylor Walker, and the Walker brothers – seven of the twelve children of brewer Isaac Walker (1794–1853) and Sarah Sophia Taylor (1801–1864) – were all sent to Harrow School and Trinity College, Cambridge, where they became keen cricketers. The brothers were the nephews of cricketer Henry Walker and the great-grandchildren of merchant Isaac Walker.
2021 Australian Open – Men's singles qualifying
This article displays the qualifying draw for men's singles at the 2021 Australian Open.

For the first time in Grand Slam history, the qualifying tournament took place at Khalifa International Tennis and Squash Complex in Doha, Qatar, due to Australia's quarantine restrictions resulting from the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Only qualified players and players eligible for a 'Lucky loser' spot were then able to travel to Melbourne for the main draw of the 2021 Australian Open.

Khalifa International Tennis and Squash Complex
The Khalifa International Tennis and Squash Complex is a tennis and squash complex in Doha, Qatar. The center is owned and operated by the Qatar Tennis Federation. It is the home venue of the ATP World Tour's Qatar ExxonMobil Open and WTA event Qatar Total Open. It formerly hosted the year-ending WTA Tour Championships in 2008–2010. It has also hosted the tennis and squash competitions at the 2006 Asian Games, as well as Padel World Championship in 2021 and 2024.
Lisle-sur-Tarn station
Lisle-sur-Tarn is a railway station in Lisle-sur-Tarn, Occitanie, which is the southernmost administrative region of France. It is on the Brive–Toulouse (via Capdenac) railway line. The station is served by TER (local) services operated by SNCF.

Brive-la-Gaillarde–Toulouse (via Capdenac) railway
The Brive-la-Gaillarde - Toulouse (via Capdenac) railway is a 248-kilometre French railway line that connects the rural areas between Brive-la-Gaillarde and the large southern city of Toulouse via Figeac and Capdenac. The railway was opened in several stages between 1858 and 1864.
Away from Home (film)
Away from Home  (Turkish:Herkes Kendi Evinde) is a 2001 Turkish drama film  directed by Semih Kaplanoğlu. The film won 6 awards including at the Ankara International Film Festival and Istanbul International Film Festival.

2001 in film
The year 2001 in film involved some significant events, including the first installments of the Harry Potter, Fast & Furious, Spy Kids, Monsters, Inc. and Shrek franchises, and The Lord of the Rings and Ocean's trilogies. Significant non-English language films released included Monsoon Wedding, Amélie and Spirited Away. There was one film, Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, that passed over $1 billion in a re-release of 2020.

The inaugural entries of the Harry Potter and Lord of the Rings film franchises prompted a shift in both the film and literary communities by propelling fantasy into mainstream culture, popularising young adult novels, and reforming the blockbuster to promote film franchises and cater to fandom communities.
2003 Big West Conference men's basketball tournament
The 2003 Big West Conference men's basketball tournament was held March 13–15 at Anaheim Convention Center in Anaheim, California.

Utah State defeated Cal Poly in the championship game, 57–54, to obtain the fifth Big West Conference men's basketball tournament championship in school history.

The Aggies participated in the 2003 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament after earning the conference's automatic bid.

Anaheim Convention Center
The Anaheim Convention Center is a major convention center in Anaheim, California, and is the largest exhibition facility on the West Coast of the United States. It is located across from the Disneyland Resort on Katella Avenue. The original components, designed by Adrian Wilson & Associates and built by the Del E. Webb Corporation, opened in July 1967—including a basketball arena followed shortly by the convention hall. It holds many events, like Star Wars Celebration, VidCon, BlizzCon, Anime Expo, D23 Expo, WonderCon, NAMM Show, Pokémon World Championships, competitions, and more. In addition to hosting various types of conventions, the Anaheim Convention Center was used to host the wrestling during the 1984 Summer Olympics.

The center has subsequently undergone six major expansions (1974, 1982, 1990, 1993, 1999–2000, 2016–2017). It is the largest exhibit facility on the West Coast.
Helene Nonné-Schmidt
Helene Nonné-Schmidt (born as Helene Frieda Nonne, 8 November 1891 in Buckau (Magdeburg); died 7 April 1976 in Darmstadt) was a German professor for art at the Ulm School of Design and a textile artist at the Bauhaus.

Buckau (Magdeburg)
Buckau is a quarter of the city of Magdeburg, capital of the German state of Saxony-Anhalt. It covers an area of 2.1803 km2 and has a population of 6,217 (as of 31 December 2020). Its name originates from the Slavic name "Bukow". "Buk" means "beech" in Polish.