hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Llanfihangel Tor-y-Mynydd
Llanfihangel Tor-y-Mynydd (or more correctly Llanfihangel-tor-y-mynydd, meaning, in Welsh, "the church of St. Michael on the breast of the mountain") is a small rural village in the community of Devauden, Monmouthshire, Wales.  It is located within the Vale of Usk, about 9 miles south west of Monmouth and 6 miles east of the town of Usk, between the villages of Devauden and Llansoy.

River Usk
The River Usk (/ʌsk/; Welsh: Afon Wysg) rises on the northern slopes of the Black Mountain (y Mynydd Du), Wales, in the westernmost part of the Brecon Beacons National Park. Initially forming the boundary between Carmarthenshire and Powys, it flows north into Usk Reservoir, then east through Sennybridge to Brecon before turning southeast to flow by Talybont-on-Usk, Crickhowell and Abergavenny, after which it takes a more southerly course.

Beyond the eponymous town of Usk, it passes the Roman legionary fortress of Caerleon to flow through the heart of the city of Newport and into the Severn Estuary at Uskmouth near the Newport Wetlands. The river is about 125 kilometres (78 miles) long and drains a basin of 1160 km2. According to the Encyclopaedia of Wales (which gives a figure of 137 km (85 mi)), the river is the longest to flow wholly within Wales.

The Monmouthshire and Brecon Canal follows the Usk for most of the length of the canal.
Alara of Kush
Alara was a King of Kush, who is generally regarded as the founder of the Napatan royal dynasty by his 25th Dynasty Kushite successors and was the first recorded prince of Kush. He unified all of Upper Nubia from Meroë to the Third Cataract and is possibly attested at the Temple of Amun at Kawa. Alara also established Napata as the religious capital of Kush. Alara himself was not a 25th dynasty Kushite king since he never controlled any region of Egypt during his reign compared to his two immediate successors: Kashta and Piye respectively. Nubian literature credits him with a substantial reign since future Nubian kings requested that they might enjoy a reign as long as Alara's. His memory was also central to the origin myth of the Kushite kingdom, which was embellished with new elements over time. Alara was a deeply revered figure in Nubian culture and the first Kushite king whose name came down to scholars.

Cataracts of the Nile
The Cataracts of the Nile are shallow lengths (or whitewater rapids) of the Nile river, between Khartoum and Aswan, where the surface of the water is broken by many small boulders and stones jutting out of the river bed, as well as many rocky islets. In some places, these stretches are punctuated by whitewater, while at others the water flow is smoother but still shallow.
Howard Kanovitz
Howard Kanovitz (February 9, 1929 – February 2, 2009) was a pioneering painter in the Photorealist and Hyperrealist Movements, which emerged in the 1960s and 1970s in response to the abstract art movement.

Howard Kanovitz, whose 50-year career ranged from abstract expressionism to computer imaging, was at the forefront of the art movement known as photorealism. His 1966 landmark Jewish Museum solo exhibition launched this new genre of photo-based painting.  Though dubbed by Barbara Rose “the grandfather of photorealism”, Kanovitz’s work transcended that classification in “realistic paintings for which the concept of realism is too narrow.” The preeminent art historian Sam Hunter described how Kanovitz’s “meticulous airbrush technique and exactness of vision produce an atmosphere of doubt rather than certitude and posed questions of meaning which challenge the very nature of the artistic experience.”

Sam Hunter (art historian)
Sam Hunter (January 5, 1923 – July 27, 2014) was an American historian of modern art. He was emeritus professor of art history at Princeton University and an art historian, author, museum director, professor and curator.
Scott White (politician)
Scott Benton White (June 8, 1970 – October 21, 2011) was an American politician who served as a Democratic member of the Washington State Senate representing the 46th legislative district. His district included much of North Seattle, including the neighborhoods of Northgate, Greenwood, Bitter Lake, Broadview, Haller Lake, Pinehurst, Olympic Hills, Maple Leaf, Lake City, Wedgwood, View Ridge, Laurelhurst, and Windermere.

Washington's 46th legislative district
Washington's 46th legislative district is one of forty-nine districts in Washington state for representation in the state legislature. It includes the North Seattle neighborhoods east of Aurora Avenue except for the University District, as well as the cities of Lake Forest Park and Kenmore.

The district's legislators are state senator Javier Valdez and state representatives Gerry Pollet (position 1) and Darya Farivar (position 2), all Democrats.
Celery salt
Celery salt is a seasoned salt used to flavour food. The primary ingredient is table salt and the flavouring agent is ground seeds from celery or its relative, lovage. It is also sometimes produced using dried celery or seed oleoresin.

Lovage
Lovage (/ˈlʌvɪdʒ/ LUV-ij; Levisticum officinale) is a perennial plant, the sole species in the genus Levisticum in the family Apiaceae, subfamily Apioideae. It is native to Afghanistan and Iran.

It has been long cultivated in Europe and the leaves are used as a herb, the roots as a vegetable, and the seeds as a spice, especially in southern European cuisine. Its flavour and smell are reminiscent both of celery and parsley, only more intense and spicier than either. The seeds can be used in the same way as fennel seeds.
Omagh Area D
Omagh Area D was one of the four district electoral areas in Omagh, Northern Ireland which existed from 1973 to 1985. The district elected four members to Omagh District Council, and formed part of the Mid Ulster constituencies for the Northern Ireland Assembly and UK Parliament.

It was created for the 1973 local elections, and contained the wards of Carrickmore, Drumnakilly, Gortin and Owenglen. It was abolished for the 1985 local elections and replaced with the Mid Tyrone DEA.

1973 Omagh District Council election
Elections to Omagh District Council were held on 30 May 1973 on the same day as the other Northern Irish local government elections. The election used four district electoral areas to elect a total of 20 councillors.
2013 Kurume Best Amenity Cup – Doubles
Han Xinyun and Sun Shengnan were the defending champions, having won the event in 2012, but Han chose not to defend her title. Sun partnered up with Hsu Chieh-yu, but withdrew in the semifinals.

Kanae Hisami and Mari Tanaka won the title, defeating Rika Fujiwara and Akiko Omae in the final, 6–4, 7–6(7–2).

Hsu Chieh-yu
Hsu Chieh-yu (Chinese: 許絜瑜; pinyin: Xǔ Jié-yú; also known as Connie Hsu; born 14 January 1992) is a Taiwanese-American tennis player.

Hsu has won six singles and twenty-seven doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. On 21 April 2014, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 224. On 23 February 2015, she peaked at No. 114 in the WTA doubles rankings. She represented Chinese Taipei to compete in the Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympics (women’s doubles).
Mike Willis (American football)
Michael Willis (born December 9, 1991) is an American college football coach. He is the head football coach for Marist College; a position he will hold in 2024.

Prior to Marist, Willis coached and played college football at Princeton University. His time at Princeton included four Ivy League Football championships (2013, 2016, 2018, 2021).

Princeton Tigers football
The Princeton Tigers football program represents Princeton University and competes at the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) level as a member of the Ivy League. Princeton's football program—along with the football program at nearby Rutgers University—began in 1869 with a contest that is often regarded as the beginnings of American football.
Duke Cheng of Jin
Duke Cheng of Jin (Chinese: 晉成公; pinyin: Jìn Chéng Gōng), personal name Ji Heitun, was from 606 to 600 BC the duke of the Jin state. He was the youngest son of Duke Wen, and succeeded his nephew Duke Ling, who was killed by Zhao Chuan (趙穿). Zhao Dun (Viscount Xuan of Zhao) and Zhao Chuan then installed Duke Cheng on the Jin throne.

During the seven years of Duke Cheng's reign, the Jin state attacked the states of Zheng, Chu, Qin, and Chen.

Duke Cheng died in 600 BC and was succeeded by his son, Duke Jing.

Gong (title)
Gong was a title of ancient and imperial Chinese nobility roughly equivalent to and usually translated as duke. It was also historically used within Chinese fiefs as a respectful term of address to any living liege (similar to the English "lord") and is still used in modern Chinese as a respectful term of address for any man of high status (similar to "sir"), particularly for the honored deceased as with formal reference to Chiang Kai-shek as Jiǎng Gōng (蔣公) in Taiwan.
Plum Pictures
Plum Pictures was an American independent film production company founded in 2003 by Galt Niederhoffer, Celine Rattray and Daniela Taplin Lundberg. Based in downtown Manhattan, the company produced up to five films a year, with a focus on both independent and studio films. Plum also financed up to two films a year.

The company's film Grace is Gone received two awards at the 2007 Sundance Film Festival, including the Audience Award and the Screenwriting Award.

Production company
A production company, production house, or production studio is a studio that creates works in the fields of performing arts, new media art, film, television, radio, comics, interactive arts, video games, websites, music, and video. These groups consist of technical staff and members to 
produce the media, and are often incorporated as a commercial publisher.

Generally the term refers to all individuals responsible for the technical aspects of creating a particular product, regardless of where in the process their expertise is required, or how long they are involved in the project.  For example, in a theatrical performance, the production team has not only the running crew, but also the theatrical producer, designers, and theatrical direction.
2010 Israeli Basketball League Cup
The 2010 Israeli Basketball League Cup was the 5th edition of the Israeli Basketball League Cup pre-season tournament. It was played between October 10 and October 14 at Malha Arena in Jerusalem. Maccabi Tel Aviv has won the cup after beating Hapoel Jerusalem 87-77 in the final. MVP was Jeremy Pargo (Maccabi Tel Aviv).

Jeremy Pargo
Jeremy Raymon Pargo (born March 17, 1986) is an American professional basketball player. He played college basketball for the Gonzaga Bulldogs. In 2011 he reached the EuroLeague Final with Maccabi Tel Aviv, earning an All-EuroLeague Second Team selection in the process. He was the 2015 Israeli Basketball Premier League Assists Leader, and the 2016 Chinese Basketball Association assists leader. He is the younger brother of former NBA player Jannero Pargo.
Georgina Conder
Georgina Allison Conder is a New Zealand film producer. She is most noted as a producer of the 2021 film Night Raiders, which was a Canadian Screen Award nominee for Best Picture at the 10th Canadian Screen Awards in 2022.

Her other credits as a producer have included the films Free in Deed, The Breaker Upperers, Reunion and Cousins. In 2023 she produced the popular release Red, White & Brass. In 2024, she and Philippa Campbell co-produced the comedy drama film The Moon Is Upside Down.

Night Raiders (2021 film)
Night Raiders is a 2021 Canadian-New Zealand science fiction dystopian film written and directed by Danis Goulet. Set in a dystopian version of North America in the year 2044, the film centres on Niska (Elle-Máijá Tailfeathers), a Cree woman who joins a resistance movement against the oppressive military government in order to save her daughter. The film stars Elle-Máijá Tailfeathers, Brooklyn Letexier-Hart, Alex Tarrant, Amanda Plummer and Violet Nelson. Taika Waititi serves as an executive producer.

The film had its worldwide premiere at the 71st Berlin International Film Festival in March 2021.
Pasternak, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Pasternak [pasˈtɛrnak] (German: Waldhof) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Węgorzewo, within Węgorzewo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia.

Węgorzewo County
Węgorzewo County (Polish: powiat węgorzewski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the border with Russia. It was created in 2002 out of the northern part of Giżycko County. Its administrative seat and only town is Węgorzewo, which lies 95 kilometres (59 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

The county covers an area of 693.43 square kilometres (267.7 sq mi). As of 2024 its total population is 20,703, out of which the population of Węgorzewo is 10,488 and the rural population is 10,140.
Ossie Chavarría
Osvaldo Chavarría Quijano (born August 5, 1937) is a Panamanian former Major League Baseball player. When he made his major league debut with the Kansas City Athletics on April 14, 1966, he became the thirteenth Panamanian born baseball player to make it to the majors.

Kansas City Athletics
The Kansas City Athletics were a Major League Baseball team that played in Kansas City, Missouri, from 1955 to 1967, having previously played in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania as the Philadelphia Athletics. After moving to Oakland, California in 1967, the team became the Oakland Athletics. In 2025, the team moved to West Sacramento, California as the Athletics, and plans ultimately to move to the Las Vegas metropolitan area.

The Kansas City franchise played at Municipal Stadium from 1955 to 1967.

The Kansas City Athletics had an overall win–loss record of 829–1,224–7 (.404) during their 13 years in Kansas City. Four Kansas City Athletics players were elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame: Satchel Paige, Reggie Jackson, Enos Slaughter, and Catfish Hunter.
Acrocercops insulariella
Acrocercops insulariella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from the United States (California).

The larvae feed on Chrysolepis chrysophylla, Chrysolepis sempervirens, Quercus agrifolia, Quercus chrysolepis, Quercus garryana, Quercus tomentella, Quercus vaccinifolia and Quercus wislizeni. They probably mine the leaves of their host plant.

Quercus tomentella
Quercus tomentella, the island oak, island live oak, or Channel Island oak, is an oak in the section Protobalanus. It is native to six islands: five of the Channel Islands of California and Guadalupe Island, part of Baja California.

It is placed in Quercus section Protobalanus.
Colonial University of Belgium
The Colonial University of Belgium (French: Université coloniale de Belgique, Dutch: Koloniale Hogeschool van België) was an institute of higher education located in Antwerp. Founded in 1920, the institute was established to prepare students for a careers as colonial functionaries in the Belgian Congo and Ruanda-Urundi. It was renamed the University Institute of Overseas Territories (French: Institut universitaire des territoires d'outre-mer, INUTOM; Dutch: Universitair Instituut voor de Overzeese Gebieden, UNIVOG) in 1949. It was dissolved in 1962.

Ruanda-Urundi
Ruanda-Urundi (French pronunciation: [ʁwɑ̃da uʁundi]), later Rwanda-Burundi, was a mandate and later trust territory ruled by Belgium between 1916 and 1962.

Once part of German East Africa, the region was occupied by troops from the Belgian Congo during the East African campaign in World War I. It was administered by Belgium under military occupation from 1916 to 1922. It was subsequently awarded to Belgium as a Class-B Mandate under the League of Nations in 1922 and became a Trust Territory of the United Nations in the aftermath of World War II and the dissolution of the League. In 1962, Ruanda-Urundi became the two independent states of Rwanda and Burundi.
26 Boötis
26 Boötis is a single star in the northern constellation of Boötes, located 188 light years away from the Sun. It is visible to the naked eye as a dim, yellow-white hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.91. This object is moving closer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of −16.5 km/s.

This is an F-type subgiant star with a stellar classification of F2 IV, which suggests it has exhausted the supply of hydrogen at its core and is in the process of evolving into a giant. It is an estimated 1.6 billion years old with 1.46 times the mass of the Sun and 2.43 times the Sun's radius. The star is radiating 11.6 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 6,826 K. The rotation rate is moderately high, with a projected rotational velocity of 56 km/s. 26 Boötis is a known source of radio emission.

Stellar rotation
Stellar rotation is the angular motion of a star about its axis. The rate of rotation can be measured from the spectrum of the star, or by timing the movements of active features on the surface.

The rotation of a star produces an equatorial bulge due to centrifugal force. As stars are not solid bodies, they can also undergo differential rotation. Thus the equator of the star can rotate at a different angular velocity than the higher latitudes. These differences in the rate of rotation within a star may have a significant role in the generation of a stellar magnetic field.

In its turn, the magnetic field of a star interacts with the stellar wind. As the wind moves away from the star its angular speed decreases. The magnetic field of the star interacts with the wind, which applies a drag to the stellar rotation. As a result, angular momentum is transferred from the star to the wind, and over time this gradually slows the star's rate of rotation.
EMI Music Australia
EMI Recorded Music Australia Pty Ltd (called EMI Music Australia until May 2013) is an Australian imprint of Universal Music Australia, formerly a subsidiary label of EMI Recordings Ltd and, between 1979 and 1996, that of Thorn EMI. It is Australia's largest major dance music label as well it was one of Australia's largest major labels overall until the Universal acquisition. Corporate headquarters are located in Sydney, Australia.

From inception, the label used the His Master's Voice trademark, and this continued until the 1970s–1980s. The His Master's Voice trademark had appeared in Australia since the 1910s, as it was seen on British imports from the Gramophone Company (the precursor to EMI).

The Last Shadow Puppets
The Last Shadow Puppets are an English supergroup consisting of Alex Turner (Arctic Monkeys), Miles Kane (the Little Flames, the Rascals), James Ford (Simian, Simian Mobile Disco), and Zach Dawes (Mini Mansions).

The Last Shadow Puppets were formed by co-frontmen, Alex Turner and Miles Kane, in 2007, after they became friends when the Little Flames supported Arctic Monkeys on tour in 2005. They bonded over their shared love of Scott Walker and David Bowie, and decided to write songs inspired by their music. They have released two records, The Age of the Understatement (2008), and following a lengthy hiatus, Everything You've Come to Expect (2016). Both of their albums reached number one in the UK charts. They were nominated for a BRIT Award in the British Breakthrough category, and shortlisted for a Mercury Prize in the Best Album category, for The Age of the Understatement.
Hidden linear function problem
The hidden linear function problem, is a search problem that generalizes the Bernstein–Vazirani problem. In the Bernstein–Vazirani problem, the hidden function is implicitly specified in an oracle; while in the 2D hidden linear function problem (2D HLF), the hidden function is explicitly specified by a matrix and a binary vector. 2D HLF can be solved exactly by a constant-depth quantum circuit restricted to a 2-dimensional grid of qubits using bounded fan-in gates but can't be solved by any sub-exponential size, constant-depth classical circuit using unbounded fan-in biased threshold gates.
While Bernstein–Vazirani's problem was designed to prove an oracle separation between complexity classes BQP and BPP, 2D HLF was designed to prove an explicit separation between the circuit classes  and   ().

Fan-in
Fan-in is the number of inputs a logic gate can handle. For instance the fan-in for the AND gate shown in the figure is 3.  Physical logic gates with a large fan-in tend to be slower than those with a small fan-in. This is because the complexity of the input circuitry increases the input capacitance of the device. Using logic gates with higher fan-in will help in reducing the depth of a logic circuit; this is because circuit design is realized by the target logic family at a digital level, meaning any large fan-in logic gates are simply the smaller fan-in gates chained together in series at a given depth to widen the circuit instead.

Fan-in tree of a node refers to a collection of signals that contribute to the input signal of that node.

In quantum logic gates the fan-in always has to be equal to the number of outputs, the fan-out. Gates for which the numbers of inputs and outputs differ would not be reversible (unitary) and are therefore not allowed.
FMN reductase
In enzymology, an FMN reductase (EC 1.5.1.29) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

FMNH2 + NAD(P)+  FMN + NAD(P)H + H+

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are FMNH2, NAD+, and NADP+, whereas its 4 products are FMN, NADH, NADPH, and H+.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-NH group of donors with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is FMNH2:NAD(P)+ oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include NAD(P)H-FMN reductase, NAD(P)H-dependent FMN reductase, NAD(P)H:FMN oxidoreductase, NAD(P)H:flavin oxidoreductase, NAD(P)H2 dehydrogenase (FMN), NAD(P)H2:FMN oxidoreductase, SsuE, riboflavin mononucleotide reductase, flavine mononucleotide reductase, riboflavin mononucleotide (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, (phosphate)) reductase, flavin mononucleotide reductase, and riboflavine mononucleotide reductase.

Oxidoreductase
In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor. This group of enzymes usually utilizes NADP+ or NAD+ as cofactors. Transmembrane oxidoreductases create electron transport chains in bacteria, chloroplasts and mitochondria, including respiratory complexes I, II and III. Some others can associate with biological membranes as peripheral membrane proteins or be anchored to the membranes through a single transmembrane helix.
UV pinning
UV pinning is the process of applying a dose of low intensity ultraviolet (UV) light to a UV curable ink (UV ink).  The light's wavelengths must be correctly matched to the ink's photochemical properties.  As a result, the ink droplets move to a higher viscosity state, but stop short of full cure.  This is also referred to as the "gelling" of the ink.

UV pinning is typically used in UV ink jet applications (e.g. the printing of labels, the printing of electronics, and the fabrication of 3-D microstructures).

Gel
A gel is a semi-solid that can have properties ranging from soft and weak to hard and tough. Gels are defined as a substantially dilute cross-linked system, which exhibits no flow when in the steady state, although the liquid phase may still diffuse through this system.

Gels are mostly liquid by mass, yet they behave like solids because of a three-dimensional cross-linked network within the liquid. It is the cross-linking within the fluid that gives a gel its structure (hardness) and contributes to the adhesive stick (tack). In this way, gels are a dispersion of molecules of a liquid within a solid medium. The word gel was coined by 19th-century Scottish chemist Thomas Graham by clipping from gelatine.

The process of forming a gel is called gelation.