hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Stumbels
William Stumbels lived and worked as a clockmaker in Totnes, Devon, from around 1700 to 1769. Two of his clocks can be found in Totnes Museum. A 14-foot high longcase clock made by him between 1743 and 1747, for which he charged £105, can be seen in the Marble Hall of Powderham Castle.

Grandfather clock
A grandfather clock (also a longcase clock, tall-case clock, grandfather's clock, hall clock or floor clock) is a tall, freestanding, weight-driven pendulum clock, with the pendulum held inside the tower or waist of the case. Clocks of this style are commonly 1.8–2.4 metres (6–8 feet) tall with an enclosed pendulum and weights, suspended by either cables or chains, that have to be occasionally calibrated to keep the proper time. The case often features elaborately carved ornamentation on the hood (or bonnet), which surrounds and frames the dial, or clock face.

The English clockmaker William Clement is credited with developing the form in 1670. Pendulum clocks were the world's most accurate timekeeping technology until the early 20th century. Furthermore, longcase clocks, due to their superior accuracy, served as time standards for households and businesses. Today, they are kept mainly for their decorative and antique value, having been superseded by analog and digital timekeepers.
Four by Two
Four by Two was a handmade miniature (5”x4”) international literary magazine, recognizable by its varied folding patterns, distinctive logo, and rounded edges. From 2014 to 2017, it was published, edited, designed, and produced quarterly by klipschutz (pen name of Kurt Lipschutz) and Jeremy Gaulke.

The complete 12-issue run was purchased by UC Berkeley’s Bancroft Library for inclusion in its Special Collections.

Bancroft Library
The Bancroft Library is the main special collections library of the University of California, Berkeley. The original collection, acquired in 1905 from its founder Hubert Howe Bancroft, is the largest collection of materials on Californian history and Western North America in the world.
Alena Arshinova
Alena Igorevna Arshinova (Russian: Алёна Игоревна Аршинова; born 3 March 1985 in Dresden, East Germany), is a Russian politician, model, and academic. She is a deputy of the State Duma and a member of the Presidium of the General Council of the United Russia political party. She was Secretary of the Chuvash regional branch of United Russia from 24 June 2020 to 21 February 2022.

Within the Duma, Arshinova belongs to the United Russia faction and sits as a member of the State Duma Committee on Education. In the 7th State Duma, she was a member of the Committee on Education and Science.

Rossotrudnichestvo
The Federal Agency for the Commonwealth of Independent States Affairs, Compatriots Living Abroad, and International Humanitarian Cooperation or Rossotrudnichestvo is an autonomous Russian federal government agency under the jurisdiction of the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. It is primarily responsible for administering civilian foreign aid and cultural exchange. Rossotrudnichestvo operates in Central Asia, Latin America and Eastern Europe (but mostly in the Commonwealth of Independent States).
Herbert A. Winkelmann
Herbert A. Winklemann (3 May 1893- 2 June 1965) was a chemist at B. F. Goodrich, known as a co-inventor (with Harold Gray) of the first antioxidant, AgeRite, developed in 1924 and marketed for rubber. He wrote an early account of rubber recycling, and he studied the mitigation of ozone cracking.  He held 48 patents in the field of rubber technology, retiring as Technical Director at Dryden Rubber Co.

Antioxidant
Antioxidants are compounds that inhibit oxidation, a chemical reaction that can produce free radicals. Autoxidation leads to degradation of organic compounds, including living matter. Antioxidants are frequently added to industrial products, such as polymers, fuels, and lubricants, to extend their usable lifetimes. Foods are also treated with antioxidants to prevent spoilage, in particular the rancidification of oils and fats. In cells, antioxidants such as glutathione, mycothiol, or bacillithiol, and enzyme systems like superoxide dismutase, inhibit damage from oxidative stress.

Dietary antioxidants are vitamins A, C, and E, but the term has also been applied to various compounds that exhibit antioxidant properties in vitro, having little evidence for antioxidant properties in vivo. Dietary supplements marketed as antioxidants have not been shown to maintain health or prevent disease in humans.
Scutellaria ocmulgee
Scutellaria ocmulgee, commonly known as Ocmulgee skullcap, is a species of herbaceous perennial plant found only in the Savannah River (South Carolina and Georgia) and the Ocmulgee River (Georgia) watersheds.

Ocmulgee skullcap was first described as a new species in 1898 based on a specimen collected along the Ocmulgee River in Bibb County, Georgia.

Ocmulgee River
The Ocmulgee River (/ɒkˈmʌlɡiː/) is a western tributary of the Altamaha River, approximately 255 mi (410 km) long, in the U.S. state of Georgia. It is the westernmost major tributary of the Altamaha.  It was formerly known by its Hitchiti name of Ocheese Creek, from which the Creek (Muscogee) people derived their name.

The Ocmulgee River and its tributaries provide drainage for some 6,180 square miles in parts of 33 Georgia counties, a large section of the Piedmont and coastal plain of central Georgia.

The Ocmulgee River basin has three river subbasins designated by the U.S. Geological Survey: the Upper Ocmulgee River subbasin (hydrologic unit code 03070103); the Lower Ocmulgee River Subbasin (03070104); and the Little Ocmulgee River Subbasin (03070105).

The name of the river may have come from a Hitchiti words oki ("water") plus molki ("bubbling" or "boiling"), possibly meaning "where the water boils up."
Marie-Jo Thério
Marie-Jo Thério (born July 3, 1965, in Shediac, New Brunswick) is a Canadian actress and musician. She is most noted for her performance in the 1999 film Full Blast, for which she won the Jutra Award for Best Supporting Actress at the 3rd Jutra Awards in 2001.

Raised in Shediac and Moncton, she moved to Montreal at age 17 to pursue work as a musician and actress. She appeared in Michel Tremblay's musical play Nelligan in 1990, in the television series Chambres en ville in 1991 and in the film Forbidden Love: The Unashamed Stories of Lesbian Lives in 1992 before releasing her debut album Comme de la musique in 1995.

In 2006 she won the Félix Award for Folk Album of the Year for her album Les matins habitables.

3rd Jutra Awards
The 3rd Jutra Awards were held on February 25, 2001 to honour films made with the participation of the Quebec film industry in 2000. The hosts of the ceremony were Yves Jacques and Élise Guilbault.

Denis Villeneuve's Maelström received eight awards from eight nominations, including Best Film, Best Director, Best Screenplay and Best Actress for Marie-Josée Croze, becoming the first film to sweep the awards and to win every category it was nominated for.
Melissa Morales
Melissa Morales (born 4 December 1990) is an inactive Guatemalan tennis player.

On 12 November 2018, Morales reached her best singles ranking of world No. 784. On 24 September 2018, she peaked at No. 608 in the doubles rankings.

Since her debut for the Guatemala Fed Cup team in 2008, Morales has a win–loss record of 25–17 as of August 2024.

Guatemala Billie Jean King Cup team
The Guatemala Billie Jean King Cup team represents Guatemala in Billie Jean King Cup tennis competition and are governed by the Federación Nactional de Tenis de Guatemala.

They currently compete in the Americas Zone Group II.
Nikolay Rudzinkas
Nikolay "Mykolas" Rudzinskas (4 January 1933 – 29 April 2006) was a Soviet sprint canoeist who competed in the late 1950s and early 1960s. He won a bronze medal in the K-4 10000 m event at the 1958 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Prague.

Rudzinskas also finished fourth in the K-2 1000 m event at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome.

1958 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 1958 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Prague, Czechoslovakia. This event was held under the auspices of the International Canoe Federation.

The men's competition consisted of four Canadian (single paddle, open boat) and nine kayak events. Two events were held for the women, both in kayak. This was the fifth championships in canoe sprint.

The Soviet Union won their first medals at these championships.
Björn Thümler
Björn Thümler (pronounced [bjœʁn tyːmlaː]; born 22 November 1970) is a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) who served as Minister for Science and Culture for Lower Saxony from 2017 to 2022. Thümler has been a part of the Landtag of Lower Saxony since 2003. As minister, he also was a member of the German Bundesrat from 2017 to 2022.

Wesermarsch
Wesermarsch is a Kreis (district) in the northwestern part of Lower Saxony, Germany. Neighboring are (from the east clockwise) the districts of Cuxhaven and Osterholz, the city of Bremen in the state Free Hanseatic City of Bremen, the urban district of Delmenhorst, the district of Oldenburg and the urban district of Oldenburg, and the districts of  Ammerland and Friesland.
To Love Ru Darkness (TV series)
To Love Ru is an anime series based on the manga of the same name written by Saki Hasemi and illustrated by Kentaro Yabuki.

A third season of the anime series, titled To Love Ru Darkness, a sequel manga, was produced by Xebec, directed by Atsushi Ōtsuki, and aired for 12 episodes between October 6 and December 29, 2012. The opening theme for To Love Ru Darkness is "Rakuen Project" (楽園PROJECT) by Ray and the ending theme is "Foul Play ni Kurari" (ファールプレーにくらり) by Kanon Wakeshima. Sentai Filmworks released To Love Ru Darkness on DVD and Blu-ray in North America on July 15, 2014.

Ray (musician)
Reika Nakayama (中山 怜香, Nakayama Reika, born October 14, 1990), better known by her stage name Ray, is a Japanese singer and radio personality from Hokkaido. She signed to Geneon Universal Entertainment.
Topaze (Playhouse 90)
"Topaze" was an American television play broadcast on September 26, 1957, as part of the second season of the CBS television series Playhouse 90. Ellis St. Joseph wrote the teleplay based on Marcel Pagnol's 1928 play, Topaze. Vincent J. Donehue directed, Martin Manulis was the producer, and Robert Drasnin composed the music. Sterling Hayden was the host, and Ernie Kovacs and Carl Reiner starred.

The program's commercial sponsors were the American Gas Association, Theradan anti-dandruff shampoo, Marlboro cigarettes, and Ipana toothpaste.

Television play
A television play is a television programming genre which is a drama performance broadcast from a multi-camera television studio, usually live in the early days of television but later recorded to tape. This is in contrast to a television movie, which employs the single-camera setup of film production.
2007 UEFA European Under-19 Championship
The UEFA U-19 Championship 2007 Final Tournament was held in Austria with matches played from 16–27 July 2007. Players born after 1 January 1988 were eligible to participate in this competition.

The draw was made on 13 June 2007. The venues were the Linzer Stadion in Linz, the Waldstadion in Pasching, the Fill Metallbau Stadion in Ried im Innkreis and the Vorwärts-Stadion in Steyr.

BWT X Upper Austrian Arena
The Josko Arena, formerly Fill Metallbau Stadion, is a football stadium in Ried im Innkreis, Austria.  It is the home ground of SV Ried. The stadium holds 7,680 spectators and was built in 2003. The stadium was renamed in "Josko Arena", after the sponsor "Josko".
Rita Carla Francesca Monticelli
Rita Carla Francesca Monticelli is an Italian science fiction and thriller author. Born in Carbonia in 1974, she has been living in Cagliari since 1993, where she works as a writer, as well as scientific and literary translator.

Amazon Publishing
Amazon Publishing (or simply APub) is Amazon's book publishing unit launched in 2009. It is composed of 15 imprints including AmazonEncore, AmazonCrossing, Montlake Romance, Thomas & Mercer, 47North, and Topple Books.

Amazon publishes e-books via its Kindle Direct Publishing subsidiary.
Glynis Hullah
Glynis Hullah (born 8 August 1948) is an English former cricketer who played as a  medium pace bowler. She appeared in 4 Test matches and 15 One Day Internationals for England between 1976 and 1982. Her final WODI appearance was in the final of the 1982 Women's Cricket World Cup. She also played 5 matches for Young England at the 1973 World Cup. She played domestic cricket for Middlesex.

Women's Test cricket
Women's Test cricket is the longest format of women's cricket and is the female equivalent to men's Test cricket. Matches comprise four-innings and are held over a maximum of four days between two of the leading cricketing nations. The rules governing the format differ little from those for the men's game, with differences generally being technicalities surrounding umpiring and field size.

The first women's Test match was played by England women and Australia women in December 1934, a three-day contest held in Brisbane which England won by nine wickets. A total of 149 Women's Test matches have been played. Far fewer matches are played each year in favour of Women's One Day Internationals and Women's Twenty20 Internationals, with the international calendar revolving around the shorter formats of the game.
Greater Portland Metro
The Greater Portland METRO is a regional public transportation system, established in 1966, in Southern Maine. Operated by the Greater Portland Transit District, a transit district comprising Portland, Westbrook, Falmouth, Yarmouth, Freeport, Brunswick and Bath, the system also covers downtown Gorham and South Portland.

METRO is Maine's largest public transportation agency. The transit system's annual ridership was 2,104,150 in 2019, up 13.7% from 1,850,686 in 2017.

As of 2016, METRO operated a fleet of eighteen compressed natural gas (CNG) buses and fourteen diesel buses. It operates and maintains the only CNG fuel station in the state of Maine.

Special district (United States)
Special districts (also known as special service districts, special district governments, or limited purpose entities) are independent, special-purpose governmental units that exist separately from local governments such as county, municipal, and township governments, with substantial administrative and fiscal independence. They are formed to perform a single function or a set of related functions. The term special district governments as defined by the U.S. Census Bureau excludes school districts. In 2017, the U.S. had more than 51,296 special district governments.
Patrice Evans
Patrice Evans (born March 2, 1976) is an American writer and satirist, and author of Negropedia: The Assimilated Negro’s Crash Course on the Modern Black Experience. Evans also writes under the pen-name "The Assimilated Negro." He is currently a staff writer for Grantland.

Evans was born in the Bronx, New York. He went to prep schools Choate Rosemary Hall and Pomfret School, and attended Trinity College in Hartford, CT. He lives in New York City.

Pomfret School
Pomfret School is an independent, coeducational, college preparatory boarding and day school in Pomfret, Connecticut, United States, serving 350 students in grades 9 through 12 and post-graduates. Founded in 1894, it is in the Pomfret Street Historic District. The average class size is 12, with a student–teacher ratio of 6:1. Over 80% of faculty hold master's degrees or doctorates. Typically, 40% of students receive financial aid, 20% are students of color, and 21% are international students.
Skalnaté Pleso (lake)
Skalnaté pleso (1751m) is a lake located in the High Tatras mountains in the north of Slovakia.

The highest wind speed ever recorded in Slovakia was recorded here on 29 November 1965, when a wind with the speed of 78,6 m/s (283 km/h) was recorded.

In November 2021, there was a rare occurrence, as Pleso dried out entirely. This was the result of a dry period, as it is filled solely by precipitation, and continued evaporation. The lake has refilled since.

In the dry season, the lake is without water because the impermeable bedrock was disturbed during the construction of the cable car. The Skalnatý Brook flows through the lake, but in the dry season it dries up and appears in the valley below the lake.

High Tatras
The High Tatras or High Tatra Mountains (Slovak: Vysoké Tatry; Polish: Tatry Wysokie; Rusyn: Высокы Татры, Vŷsokŷ Tatrŷ; German: Hohe Tatra; Hungarian: Magas-Tátra), are a mountain range along the border of northern Slovakia in the Prešov Region, and southern Poland in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship. They are a range of the Tatra Mountains chain.
Elisha Ticknor
Elisha Ticknor (born March 25, 1757, in Lebanon, Connecticut) was an educator and merchant primarily in Boston, Massachusetts. He was the father of George Ticknor, who became a professor and renowned expert at Harvard University in the history and criticism of Spanish literature.

Spanish literature
Spanish literature is literature (Spanish poetry, prose, and drama) written in the Spanish language within the territory that presently constitutes the Kingdom of Spain. Its development coincides and frequently intersects with that of other literary traditions from regions within the same territory, particularly Catalan literature, Galician intersects as well with Latin, Jewish, and Arabic literary traditions of the Iberian Peninsula. The literature of Spanish America is an important branch of Spanish literature, with its own particular characteristics dating back to the earliest years of Spain’s conquest of the Americas (see Latin American literature).
George Grenville (died 1595)
George Grenville (died 1595), of Penheale, Cornwall, was an English politician.

He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Camelford in 1572, Weymouth and Melcombe Regis in 1584 and for Dunheved in 1593. His uncle, George Grenville (fl. 1571–1572), was also an MP for Dunheved.

Launceston (UK Parliament constituency)
Launceston, also known at some periods as Dunheved, was a parliamentary constituency in Cornwall which returned two Members of Parliament to the British House of Commons from 1295 until 1832, and one member from 1832 until 1918. It was a parliamentary borough until 1885, and a county constituency thereafter.
Eka Zguladze
Ekaterine "Eka" Zguladze (Ekaterina Zguladze-Glucksmann; Georgian: ეკატერინე ზღულაძე, Ukrainian: Екатеріна Згуладзе-Глуксманн; born 18 June 1978) is a Georgian and Ukrainian government official. She served as First Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs of Ukraine from 17 December 2014 until 11 May 2016. She had also served as Georgia's First Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs from 2006 to 2012 and Acting Minister of Internal Affairs in 2012.

Ministry of Internal Affairs (Ukraine)
The Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Міністерство внутрішніх справ України, romanized: Ministerstvo vnutrishnikh sprav Ukrainy; pronounced [min⁽ʲ⁾iˈstɛrstwo ˈu̯nut⁽ʲ⁾r⁽ʲ⁾iʃn⁽ʲ⁾ix ˈsprɑu̯ ʊkrɐˈjinɪ]; MVS) is the ministry of the Ukrainian government that oversees the interior affairs of Ukraine.
Rougga
Rougga is a town in southern Tunisia located in Sfax Governorate, on the Oued er Rougga wadi. Rougga is the Berber name of the town, which is known as Raqqa in Arabic. The town is located on the site of the Ancient Roman African city and former bishopric Bararus, which remains a Latin Catholic titular see.

Sfax Governorate
Sfax (Arabic: ولاية صفاقس Wilāya Ṣafāqis; French: Gouvernorat de Sfax) is one of the governorates of Tunisia. The governorate has a population of 1,047,468 (2024) and an area of 7,545 km2. Its capital is Sfax. It is along the east coast of Tunisia, and includes the Kerkennah Islands.
Ship's carpenter
Ship's carpenter is a post aboard ships, both naval and commercial, responsible for the maintenance and repair of the ship's wooden parts, as well as its water stocks.

In the late 19th century, typical activities for a ship's carpenter included caulking the ship's boats, repairing masts and other wooden pieces of the ship, maintaining paddles, and other miscellaneous tasks of carpentry as may be required.

The most important task for a carpenter was maintenance of the ship's hull from attack from barnacles and ship worm. Whalers employed carpenters to carry out emergency repairs.

Barnacle
Barnacles are arthropods of the subclass Cirripedia in the subphylum Crustacea. They are related to crabs and lobsters, with similar nauplius larvae. Barnacles are exclusively marine invertebrates; many species live in shallow and tidal waters. Some 2,100 species have been described.

Barnacle adults are sessile; most are suspension feeders with hard calcareous shells, but the Rhizocephala are specialized parasites of other crustaceans, with reduced bodies. Barnacles have existed since at least the mid-Carboniferous, some 325 million years ago.

In folklore, barnacle geese were once held to emerge fully formed from goose barnacles. Both goose barnacles and the Chilean giant barnacle are fished and eaten. Barnacles are economically significant as biofouling on ships, where they cause hydrodynamic drag, reducing efficiency. In culture, Barnacle Bill became a comic folktype of a seaman, appearing in several films and a drinking song.
Harry Schell
Harry Lawrence O'Reilly Schell (June 29, 1921 – May 13, 1960) was an American racing driver, who competed in Formula One from 1950 to 1960.

Born and raised in Paris, Schell was the son of American motorsport executive and heiress Lucy O'Reilly Schell. With his Formula One debut at the 1950 Monaco Grand Prix, Schell became the first American driver to start a Formula One Grand Prix.

Schell died after crashing his Cooper T51 during practice for the non-championship 1960 BRDC International Trophy at Silverstone.

1950 Monaco Grand Prix
43°44′4.74″N 7°25′16.8″E﻿ / ﻿43.7346500°N 7.421333°E﻿ / 43.7346500; 7.421333

The 1950 Monaco Grand Prix, formally titled the Prix de Monte-Carlo et XIe Grand Prix Automobile, was a Formula One motor race held on 21 May 1950 at Monaco. It was race two of seven in the 1950 World Championship of Drivers. The 100-lap race was held at an overall distance of 318.1 km (197.1 mi) and was won by Juan Manuel Fangio for the Alfa Romeo team after starting from pole position. Alberto Ascari finished second for Ferrari and Louis Chiron finished third for Maserati. It was also the first race for Ferrari in Formula One.
Svetlana Makarovič
Svetlana Makarovič (born 1 January 1939) is a Slovenian writer of prose, poetry, children's books, and picture books, and is also an actress, illustrator and chanteuse. She has been called "The First Lady of Slovenian poetry." She is also noted for borrowing from Slovenian folklore to tell stories of rebellious and independent women. She is a well-known adult and youth author. Her works for youth have become a part of modern classic and youth canon, which both hold a special place in history of the Slovenian youth literature. She won the Levstik Award for Lifetime Achievement in 2011.

Classic
A classic is an outstanding example of a particular style; something of lasting worth or with a timeless quality; of the first or highest quality, class, or rank – something that exemplifies its class. The word can be an adjective (a classic car) or a noun (a classic of English literature). It denotes a particular quality in art, architecture, literature, design, technology, or other cultural artifacts. In commerce, products are named 'classic' to denote a long-standing popular version or model, to distinguish it from a newer variety. Classic is used to describe many major, long-standing sporting events. Colloquially, an everyday occurrence (e.g. a joke or mishap) may be described in some dialects of English as 'an absolute classic'.

"Classic" should not be confused with classical, which refers specifically to certain cultural styles, especially in music and architecture: styles generally taking inspiration from the Classical tradition, hence classicism.