hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alley of Magdeburg rights
Alley of Magdeburg rights (Ukrainian: Алея Магдебурзького права, Aleya Mahdeburzkoho prava) is a street in central Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine.

Named after Magdeburg rights, it is located in the government quarter Lypky neighborhood of the Pechersk Raion. It splits two parks the City Park and the Khreshchatyi Park and connects Park Road with Hrushevsky Street.

Established in 1909–12, in 1910 over the alley was built the Park Bridge created by Evgeny Paton.

During the Nazi occupation in 1941-43 it carried a name of Benito Mussolini, before 2023 named after the Peter the Great.

Magdeburg rights
Magdeburg rights (German: Magdeburger Recht, Polish: Prawo magdeburskie, Lithuanian: Magdeburgo teisė; also called Magdeburg law) were a set of town privileges first developed by Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor (936–973), which regulated the degree of internal autonomy within cities and villages granted by the local ruler. Named after the city of Magdeburg and based on Roman municipal and universal merchant traditions, these town charters were perhaps the most important set of medieval laws in Central Europe. They became the basis for the German town laws developed during many centuries in the Holy Roman Empire.  The Magdeburg rights were adopted and adapted by numerous monarchs, including the rulers of Bohemia, Hungary, Poland, and Lithuania, a milestone in the urbanization of the region which prompted the development of thousands of villages and cities.
Dabar (medieval župa)
Dabar (Serbian Cyrillic: Дабар) was a medieval župa, part of the principality of Zachlumia, and later Hum zemlja. It was first mentioned in the 10th century, in the De Administrando Imperio, as one of five inhabited cities of Zachlumia. It was called Dobriskik. Dabar was situated around the Dabar field (Dabarsko polje), and bordered Dubrava to the west, Nevesinje to the north, Fatnica to the east and Popovo to the south-west. The word dabar in Serbo-Croatian means "beaver", thus, the etymology has been connected to beavers. 
There was another region with the same name in the Lim River Valley that had been a part of the Serbian Kingdom until 1373 when Bosnian Ban Tvrtko I adjoined it to his realm.

Lim (river)
The Lim (Serbian Cyrillic: Лим, pronounced [lîm]) or Vermosh River (Albanian: Lumi i Vermoshit) is a river that flows through Albania, Montenegro, Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina and is 219 km (136 mi) long. It is also the right and the longest tributary of the Drina.
Vorpsi family
The Vorpsi are an Albanian family native to Tirana and have their first records of a surname recorded in 1650 (Islam Vorpsi the first one to be recorded) by Ottoman registries in Tirana and the family's presence has been recorded since. A Muslim family in origin. Very well known, old and respected family from Tirana.

Notable family members include, Ornela Vorpsi (3 August 1968, Tirana), is an Albanian writer and photographer from the famous Vorpsi family in Tirana. Ornela studied at the Academy of Fine Arts of Brera in Milan, and has been living and working in Paris since 1997. In 2012 she was named one of the 35 best writers of Europe in Best European Fiction by Aleksander Hemon and Zadie Smith. Artiola Toska a famous Albanian singer today is also from this family. Ismail Kadare has mentioned the family name in his literature. The family also have roads with their surname in Tirana. Rruga Vorpset named after the family specifically.

Aleksandar Hemon
Aleksandar Hemon (Serbian Cyrillic: Александар Xeмoн; born September 9, 1964) is a Bosnian-American author, essayist, critic, television writer, and screenwriter. He is best known for the novels Nowhere Man (2002) and The Lazarus Project (2008), and his scriptwriting as a co-writer of The Matrix Resurrections (2021).

He frequently publishes in The New Yorker and has also written for Esquire, The Paris Review, the Op-Ed page of The New York Times, and the Sarajevo magazine BH Dani.

Hemon is also a musician, distributing his Electronica work under the pseudonym "Cielo Hemon."
Glenfinnan Viaduct
The Glenfinnan Viaduct is a railway viaduct on the West Highland Line at Glenfinnan, in the Lochaber district of north-western Scotland, built from 1897 to 1901. Located at the top of Loch Shiel in the West Scottish Highlands, the viaduct overlooks the Glenfinnan Monument and the waters of Loch Shiel.

Mass concrete
Mass concrete is defined by American Concrete Institute Committee 207 as "any volume of concrete with dimensions large enough to require that measures be taken to cope with the generation of heat from the hydration of cement and attendant volume change to minimize cracking."

As the interior temperature of mass concrete rises due to the process of cement hydration, the outer concrete may be cooling and contracting. If the temperature differs too much within the structure, the material can crack. 
The main factors influencing temperature variation in the mass concrete structure are: the size of the structure, the ambient temperature, the initial temperature of the concrete at the time of placement and curing program, the cement type, and the cement contents in the mix.

Mass concrete structures include massive mat foundations, dams, and other concrete structures with a width or depth exceeding three feet or one meter.
Three-lobed suckermouth
The three-lobed suckermouth  (Chiloglanis trilobatus) is a species of upside-down catfish native to the Lake Rukwa drainage of Tanzania and Zambia.  This species grows to a length of 5.2 centimetres (2.0 in) TL.

Lake Rukwa
Lake Rukwa is an endorheic lake located in the Rukwa Valley of  Rukwa Region, Songwe Region and Katavi Region in southwestern Tanzania. The lake is the third largest inland body of water in the country.
Arvid Östman
Arvid Herman Östman (31 August 1902 – 2 March 1984) was a Swedish wrestler. He competed in the Greco-Roman bantamweight at the 1924 Summer Olympics.

Östman was born in Kolsva and died in Bålsta.

He represented Djurgårdens IF. He won the 1926 Swedish championship in Greco-Roman bantamweight for Djurgårdens IF.

Bålsta
Bålsta is a locality and the seat of Håbo Municipality, Uppsala County, Sweden with 13,138 inhabitants in 2015.

Although not in Stockholm County, it has Bålsta Station, the north-western terminus of the Stockholm suburban rail system. Many inhabitants commute to Stockholm. The travel time is 40 minutes by suburban train, and less than 30 minutes by commuter-or intercity rail. Lasse Åberg, a famous Swedish actor, musician and artist, lives in Bålsta and has opened a museum there.

Even though Bålsta's relatively small size, there are many organizations and activity-centers in the town, such as a hockey-arena hosting the team Bålsta HC. It also has a mall with several stores.
Daysan River
The Daysan River (also spelt Daisan and known in Arabic as Al-Jullab or as Daysan) was the name of a perennial river that flowed through the city of Urfa (historically called Edessa and known in Arabic and Syriac as al-Ruha') in the Arabian Plate.

A combination of 25 streams, it ran through Urfa and Harran (ancient Carrhae) before joining the Balikh river (also spelt Belichas), one of the largest tributaries to the Euphrates, at ancient Dabanas (modern Dibni) in Raqqa in the Eastern Mediterranean conifer-sclerophyllous-broadleaf forests ecoregion. Today it runs dry before reaching the Balikh, and numerous dried-up wells in the old city of Harran suggest that the water table may have been significantly higher in the past.

The Syriac writer Bardaisan takes his name from the river, as it is said he was born on its banks the very day his mother migrated to Urfa.

Eastern Mediterranean conifer–sclerophyllous–broadleaf forests
The Eastern Mediterranean conifer-sclerophyllous-forests, also known as the Eastern Mediterranean conifer-forests, is an ecoregion in the eastern Mediterranean Basin. It covers portions of Turkey, Syria, Iraq, Lebanon, Israel, Palestine, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia (Asir and Al-Bahah).

The ecoregion has a Mediterranean climate, and is part of the Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub biome.
Nishad (surname)
Notable people bearing the name Nishad include:

K. K. Nishad (born 1978), Indian playback singer

Mahendra Prasad Nishad (born 1967), Indian politician

Vishambhar Prasad Nishad (born 1962), Indian politician

Jai Narain Prasad Nishad (1930–2018), Indian politician

Kajal Nishad (born 1982), Indian actress

Jamuna Nishad (1953–2010), Indian politician

Ajay Nishad ( born 1966), Indian politician

Mukesh Sahani (born 1981), Indian Politician

Sanjay Nishad, cabinet minister in Government of Uttar Pradesh.

Praveen Kumar Nishad, member of Indian Parliament.

Sanjay Nishad
Sanjay Nishad (born 7 June 1965) is an Indian politician from Uttar Pradesh serving as a cabinet minister in the Second Yogi Adityanath ministry. He has been a member of Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council since 2021. As a member of the Nishad caste, he founded the NISHAD Party in 2016.
Aguilar del Río Alhama
Aguilar del Río Alhama is a village in the province and autonomous community of La Rioja, Spain. The municipality covers an area of 54.11 square kilometres (20.89 sq mi) and as of 2011 had a population of 549 people. It is located in a low altitude mountainous area, in the foothills of the Iberian System. It belongs to the region of Rioja Baja and is washed by the waters of the Alhama river.

Iberian System
The Iberian System is one of the major systems of mountain ranges in Spain.
It consists of a vast and complex area of mostly relatively high and rugged mountain chains and massifs located in the central region of the Iberian Peninsula, but reaching almost the Mediterranean coast in the Valencian Community in the east.

The system is hydrographically important, as it separates the watersheds of most of the major rivers in Spain and Portugal, including the Ebro basin to the east from the basins of the Douro, Tagus, Guadiana (Záncara-Gigüela), Júcar and Turia to the west and south.

There are important mining areas in some of the ranges such as Sierra Menera, Sierra de Arcos and Sierra de San Just, making the system one of the chief mining regions in Spain since ancient times. One of the comarcas of Aragon located in the Iberian System was given the name of Cuencas Mineras, lit. 'Mining Basins', since mining is the main activity in the comarca.
Scyllaea
Scyllaea is a genus of nudibranchs. They are marine gastropod molluscs in the family Scyllaeidae.

The slugs live on floating algae like Sargassum, where they have the same color and shape as the alga and can hardly be seen by predators. They feed on hydrozoa growing on the alga.

Nudibranch
Nudibranchs (/ˈnjuːdɪbræŋk/) are a group of soft-bodied marine gastropod molluscs, belonging to the order Nudibranchia, that shed their shells after their larval stage. They are noted for their often extraordinary colours and striking forms, and they have been given colourful nicknames to match, such as "clown", "marigold", "splendid", "dancer", "dragon" , and "sea rabbit". About 3,000 species of nudibranchs are known.

The word nudibranch comes from the Latin nudus 'naked' and the Ancient Greek βράγχια (bránkhia) 'gills'.

Nudibranchs are often casually called sea slugs, as they are a family of opisthobranchs (sea slugs), within the phylum Mollusca (molluscs), but many sea slugs belong to several taxonomic groups that are not closely related to nudibranchs. A number of these other sea slugs, such as the photosynthetic Sacoglossa and the colourful Aglajidae, are often confused with nudibranchs.
Eva Jancke-Björk
Eva Henriette Jancke-Björk (1882–1981) was a Swedish ceramist, painter and textile artist. She became a prominent porcelain designer, working for Rörstrand, S:t Eriks Lervarufabriker and Bo fajans before establishing her own business in Mölndal near Gothenburg. She produced simply designed bowls, flower pots and tableware, both decorated and monochrome. Jancke-Björk also painted watercolours, created textile patterns and worked with glassware. Her works are in the collections of the Swedish National Museum of Fine Arts and the Röhsska Museum.

Mölndal
Mölndal (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈmœ̌lndal]) is the seat and administrative centre of Mölndal Municipality and a part of the Gothenburg urban area on the west coast of Sweden. About 40,000 of the municipality's 60,000 inhabitants live in Mölndal proper.
Christiaan Pieter Gunning
Christiaan Pieter Gunning (Utrecht, 12 October 1886 – Amsterdam, 16 June 1960) was a Dutch pedagogue and  classicist. He obtained his doctorate at the University of Amsterdam as a doctor in classical literature in 1915.

C.P. Gunning was a member of the family Gunning and a son of Johannes Hermanus Gunning Wzn. (1859–1951) and Cecilia van Eeghen (1858–1899). He married in 1911 with Sara Elisabeth Lulofs (1884).

He was the founder and first principle of the Amsterdams Lyceum (1917–1952), which as school was for a long time referred to as "Gunning". When in September/October 1941 the Jewish students were sent away from the non-Jewish schools by the German occupiers, he organized a demonstrative farewell meeting with the motto "Vaart Wel" (safe travels). He was arrested for this and was sent to the concentration camp near Amersfoort.

Gunning also chaired the Reformed Council for Church and Family and the World Federalist Movement Netherlands.

Doctor (title)
Doctor is an academic title that originates from the Latin word of the same spelling and meaning. The word is originally an agentive noun of the Latin verb docēre [dɔˈkeːrɛ] 'to teach'. It has been used as an academic title in Europe since the 13th century, when the first doctorates were awarded at the University of Bologna and the University of Paris.

Having become established in European universities, this usage spread around the world. Contracted "Dr" or "Dr.", it is used as a designation for a person who has obtained a doctorate (commonly a PhD). In past usage, the term could be applied to any learned person.  In many parts of the world today it is also used by medical practitioners, regardless of whether they hold a doctoral-level degree.
Violeta Szekely
Violeta Szekely, née Violeta Beclea, (born 26 March 1965, in Dolheștii Mari, Suceava County) is a Romanian former middle distance runner who competed mainly in the 1500 metres. She competed in two Olympic Games, in 1992 and 2000.

She was favored to win the 2000 Summer Olympics 1500 metres after a stellar season, but getting boxed in around the final curb would cost her the gold medal. She only got out about 80 metres from the end and while she made up considerable ground was unable to catch the ground lost while trapped inside to surprise winner Nouria Merah-Benida. She was also favored to win the 2001 World 1500 metre title after dominating the Golden League series, but was beaten out by bitter rival and teammate Gabriela Szabo. She did however win a share of the golden league jackspot, by winning all of her Golden league 1500 metre races this season.

Szekely retired after the 2002 season.

Suceava County
Suceava County (Romanian pronunciation: [suˈtʃe̯ava]) is a county (Romanian: județ) of Romania. Most of its territory lies in the southern part of the historical region of Bukovina, while the remainder forms part of Western Moldavia proper. The county seat and the most populous urban settlement of the county is Suceava.
James Lamb (orientalist)
James Lamb (or Lambe; 1599 – 18 October 1664), was an English clergyman and orientalist.

Lamb was baptised on 2 February 1598/9 in the parish of All Saints' Church, Oxford, the son of Richard Lamb. He was educated at Magdalen College School, and entered Brasenose College, Oxford in 1613, graduating B.A. 1615, M.A. 1619 (incorporated M.A. at Cambridge 1628), D.D. (from St Mary Hall, Oxford) 1660.

He was chaplain to Thomas Wriothesley, 4th Earl of Southampton. In the church, he held the following livings:

Rector of Botley, Hampshire, 1639–60

Canon of Westminster Abbey, 1660–64

Rector of Kings Worthy, Hampshire, 1661

Rector of St Andrew's, Holborn, London, 1662–64

He died on 18 October 1664, and was buried on 20 October in Westminster Abbey.

He bequeathed many of his books to the library of Westminster Abbey; the Bodleian Library holds manuscripts by him, including a three-volume grammar of Arabic.

All Saints' Church, Oxford
All Saints Church is a former church on the north side of the High Street in central Oxford, England, on the corner of Turl Street. It is now the library of Lincoln College. This former church is Grade I listed.
Sonari Airport
Sonari Airport (IATA: IXW, ICAO: VEJS), also known as Jamshedpur Airport, is a domestic airport in Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India, owned by Tata Steel. It is located approximately 4.4 km (2.7 mi) from the city centre. It is the main airport serving the city of Jamshedpur and adjoining regions. The airport was in commercial operations until 2016, when the operations from the airport was ceased. After efforts taken by the Ministry of Civil Aviation, Government of Jharkhand and Tata Steel, The Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) granted licence to the airport for public use on 25 January 2023. It reopened for commercial operations between Kolkata and Bhubaneswar from 31 January 2023.

Directorate General of Civil Aviation (India)
The Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) is a statutory body of the Government of India to regulate civil aviation in India. It became a statutory body under the Aircraft (Amendment) Act, 2020. The DGCA investigates aviation accidents and incidents, maintains all regulations related to aviation and is responsible for issuance of licenses pertaining to aviation like PPL's, SPL's and CPL's in India. It is headquartered along Sri Aurobindo Marg, opposite Safdarjung Airport, in New Delhi. The Government of India is planning to replace the organisation with a Civil Aviation Authority (CAA), modelled on the lines of the American Federal Aviation Administration (FAA).
Estadio Fray Nano
Estadio Fray Nano is a baseball stadium in Mexico City, Mexico.  It was previously the home field of the Diablos Rojos del México baseball team, which competes in the Mexican League. It holds 5,200 spectators.

The stadium was reopened 2014 as the home of a minor circuit, the Liga Centropolitana. It was expanded later that year in anticipation of the move of Diablos Rojos from their previous home at Foro Sol. Estadio Fray Nano hosted its first Mexican league game in April 2015 as the new home field for the Diablos Rojos.

It is named for pioneering sports columnist Fray Nano.

Alejandro Aguilar Reyes
Alejandro Aguilar Reyes (May 2, 1902 - November 12, 1961), who also wrote under the pseudonym Fray Nano, was a Mexican sportswriter and co-founder of the Mexican League, the first professional baseball league in Mexico. He founded the first daily sports newspaper, La Afición. He was selected to the Mexican Professional Baseball Hall of Fame in 1971.
Överste
Colonel (Col) (Swedish: överste, öv) is the most senior field grade military officer rank in the Swedish Army and the Swedish Air Force, immediately above the rank of lieutenant colonel and just below the rank of brigadier general. It is equivalent to the naval rank of captain in the Swedish Navy.

Swedish Navy
The Swedish Navy (Swedish: Svenska marinen) is the maritime service branch of the Swedish Armed Forces. It is composed of surface and submarine naval units – the Fleet (Flottan), formally sometimes referred to as the Royal Navy (Kungliga Flottan) – as well as marine units, the Amphibious Corps (Amfibiekåren).

Founded under King Gustav Vasa in 1522, the Swedish navy is one of the oldest continuously serving navies in the world, celebrating its 500th anniversary in 2022.
Anestis Agritis
Anestis Agritis (Greek: Ανέστης Αγρίτης; born 16 April 1981) is a Greek former professional footballer who played as a forward.

He played for Aigeas Plomari, Egaleo, Kickers Offenbach in Germany's 2. Bundesliga, Iraklis, OFI, Kerkyra and AEL Kalloni.

Agritis has gained one cap for Greece. He has also played for the Greek U-21 team and was a member of the Greek Olympic football team that competed in the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens.

Greece national under-23 football team
Greece national under-23 football team represents Greece in international football competitions in Olympic Games. The selection is limited to players under the age of 23, except three overaged players. The team is controlled by the Hellenic Football Federation (HFF).
Bjursås
Bjursås (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈbjʉ̂ːʂɔs]) is a locality situated in Falun Municipality, Dalarna County, Sweden with 1,839 inhabitants in 2010.

Tourists, many of whom come from Stockholm, visit its ski resort every winter. A large part of the population commute to Falun or work within the local forest industry. Bjursås is nicknamed "The Switzerland of Dalarna", because of its broken ground. "Bjur" in the name is an old Norse word for beaver. A literal translation of the name to English means "Beaver Ridge".

Urban areas in Sweden
An urban area or tätort (lit. 'dense locality') in Sweden has a minimum of 200 inhabitants and may be a city, town or larger village. It is a purely statistical concept, not defined by any municipal or county boundaries. Larger urban areas synonymous with cities or towns (Swedish: stad for both terms) for statistical purposes have a minimum of 10,000 inhabitants. The same statistical definition is also used for urban areas in the other Nordic countries.

In 2018, there were nearly two thousand urban areas in Sweden, which were inhabited by 87% of the Swedish population.

Urban area is a common English translation of the Swedish term tätort. The official term in English used by Statistics Sweden is, however, "locality" (Swedish: ort). It could be compared with "census-designated places" in the United States.
Green brands
Green brands are those brands that consumers associate with environmental conservation and sustainable business practices.

Such brands appeal to consumers who are becoming more aware of the need to protect the environment. A green brand can add a unique selling point to a product and can boost corporate image. However, if a company is found or perceived to overstate its green practices its green brand may be criticised as greenwash.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
The Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) is a ministerial department of the government of the United Kingdom. The department is responsible for environmental protection, food production and standards, agriculture, fisheries and rural communities in England. Concordats set out agreed frameworks for cooperation, between it and the Scottish Government, Welsh Government and Northern Ireland Executive, which have devolved responsibilities for these matters in their respective nations.

Defra also leads for the United Kingdom on agricultural, fisheries and environmental matters in international negotiations on sustainable development and climate change, although a new Department of Energy and Climate Change was created on 3 October 2008 to take over the last responsibility; later transferred to the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy following Theresa May's appointment as Prime Minister in July 2016.