hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Frederick Twort
Frederick William Twort FRS (22 October 1877 – 20 March 1950) was an English bacteriologist and was the original discoverer in 1915 of bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria). He studied medicine at St Thomas's Hospital, London, was superintendent of the Brown Institute for Animals (a pathology research centre), and was a professor of bacteriology at the University of London. He researched into Johne's disease, a chronic intestinal infection of cattle, and also discovered that vitamin K is needed by growing leprosy bacteria.

Bacteriologist
A bacteriologist is a microbiologist, or similarly trained professional, in bacteriology— a subdivision of microbiology that studies bacteria, typically pathogenic ones. Bacteriologists are interested in studying and learning about bacteria, as well as using their skills in clinical settings. This includes investigating properties of bacteria such as morphology, ecology, genetics and biochemistry, phylogenetics, genomics and many other areas related to bacteria like disease diagnostic testing. Alongside human and animal healthcare providers, they may carry out various functions as medical scientists, veterinary scientists, pathologists, or diagnostic technicians in locations like clinics, blood banks, hospitals, laboratories and animal hospitals. Bacteriologists working in public health or biomedical research help develop vaccines for public use as well as public health guidelines for restaurants and businesses.
Egg balancing
Egg balancing is a traditional Chinese practice of standing eggs on their ends that has also been popularized in the United States. Although the irregular shape of eggs makes this somewhat difficult, eggshells typically have many textural variations such that the vast majority can be balanced on their broad ends with minimal effort.

Folklore holds that eggs can be balanced in this way only at a particular time of year: the lunar new year in China, the Dragon Boat Festival in Taiwan, or the vernal equinox in the United States. It is also said that eggs can be balanced on the heads of nails at the equator. In reality, eggs will balance anywhere at any time of year, and the practice has no connection to the gravitational force of the moon or sun.

Chinese culture
Chinese culture (simplified Chinese: 中华文化; traditional Chinese: 中華文化; pinyin: Zhōnghuá wénhuà) is one of the world's earliest cultures, said to originate five thousand years ago. The culture prevails across a large geographical region in East Asia called the Sinosphere as a whole and is extremely diverse, with customs and traditions varying greatly between regions. The terms 'China' and the geographical landmass of 'China' have shifted across the centuries, before the name 'China' became commonplace. Chinese civilization is historically considered a dominant culture of East Asia. Chinese culture exerted profound influence on the philosophy, customs, politics, and traditions of Asia. Chinese characters, ceramics, architecture, music, dance, literature, martial arts, cuisine, arts, philosophy, etiquette, religion, politics, and history have had global influence, while its traditions and festivals are celebrated, instilled, and practiced by people around the world.
Muara–Tutong Highway
4°03′25″N 114°47′56″E﻿ / ﻿4.056992°N 114.7988543°E﻿ / 4.056992; 114.7988543

Muara–Tutong Highway, (Malay: Lebuhraya Muara–Tutong; Jawi: لبوهراي موارا - توتوڠ) is a major, inter-district highway in Brunei, and is the main road connecting the Brunei Muara and Tutong districts. It is sometimes referred to as the coastal highway due to it being mostly parallel to the coastline of Brunei. The highway is a controlled-access highway for most of its length west of the interchange with the Tungku Highway, until Kampong Tanjong Menugan, just east of Tutong. The remained of the highway is still a dual carriageway limited-access road, with left-in/left-out intersections being the most common type of intersection throughout the route.

Limited-access road
A limited-access road, known by various terms worldwide, including limited-access highway,  partial controlled-access highway, and expressway, is a highway or arterial road for high-speed traffic which has many or most characteristics of a controlled-access highway (also known as a freeway or motorway), including limited or no access to adjacent property; some degree of separation of opposing traffic flow (often being dual carriageways); use of grade separated interchanges to some extent; prohibition of slow modes of transport, such as bicycles, horse-drawn vehicles or ridden horses, or self-propelled agricultural machines; and very few or no intersecting cross-streets or level crossings. The degree of isolation from local traffic allowed varies between countries and regions. The precise definition of these terms varies by jurisdiction.
Kyaw Swe
Kyaw Swe is a Burmese name and may mean:

Kyaw Swe (actor), Burmese actor and film director

Kyaw Swe (minister), Minister of Home Affairs of Myanmar

Kyaw Swe (politician), Burmese politician currently serving as a House of Nationalities MP

Kyaw Swe (minister)
Lt. General Kyaw Swe (Burmese: ကျော်ဆွေ, pronounced [tɕɔ̀ sʰwè]) is the former Minister of Home Affairs of Myanmar, in office from 2016 to 2020. Previously, he served as Commander of South-west Command in Pathein, Ayeyarwady Region.
Hans Max von Aufseß
Hans Max Baron von Aufseß (August 4, 1905, in Berchtesgaden – November 22, 1993) was a German writer who primarily published on topics related to the cultural history of Franconia. A great-nephew of Hans Baron von und zu Aufseß, the founder of the Germanic National Museum in Nuremberg, he lived and wrote at his castle, Oberaufseß, in Upper Franconia.

House of Aufseß
The Aufseß family, sometimes spelt Aufsees and Aufsess, is a Franconian noble family of Barons. The original family seat was at Unteraufseß castle in Aufseß, Upper Franconia. Members of this family held important Roman Catholic Church posts in Bamberg.
1st ACTRA Awards
The 1st ACTRA Awards were presented on April 14, 1972 to honour achievements in Canadian television in 1971. As the first time that dedicated Canadian television awards had been presented by the Alliance of Canadian Cinema, Television and Radio Artists separately from the inclusion of television films in the Canadian Film Awards program, they were a modest affair, with presentations in just two competitive categories, one for acting and one for journalism, and a lifetime achievement award for contributions to Canadian broadcasting.

The program was expanded to seven categories for the 2nd ACTRA Awards in 1973.

The ceremony was hosted by Pierre Berton, who was himself the winner of the journalism award.

ACTRA
The Alliance of Canadian Cinema, Television and Radio Artists (ACTRA) is a Canadian trade union representing performers in English-language media.  It has over 30,000 members working in film, television, radio, and all other recorded media. The organization negotiates, safeguards, and promotes the professional rights of its members. It also works to increase work opportunities for its members and lobbies for policy changes at the municipal, provincial, and federal levels.

ACTRA's regional chapters present ACTRA Awards to honour the best in Canadian radio and television performances in their local productions.
UMBC Retrievers men's basketball
The UMBC Retrievers men's basketball team represents the University of Maryland, Baltimore County in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I competition as a member of the America East Conference. They play their home games at Chesapeake Employers Insurance Arena in Catonsville, Maryland. Their current head coach is Jim Ferry.

UMBC made its first Division I postseason appearance in the NCAA tournament in 2008, for which it qualified by winning the America East tournament.

The Retrievers are best known for when they qualified for their second NCAA tournament appearance in 2018 by beating the Vermont Catamounts in the America East tournament final and became the first No. 16 seed to defeat a No. 1 seed in the NCAA men's tournament, beating No. 1-seeded Virginia 74–54. The win has been called the greatest upset in college basketball history.

2018 America East men's basketball tournament
The 2018 America East men's basketball tournament was the postseason men's basketball tournament for the America East Conference, which was held on March 3, 6, and 10, 2018. All tournament games were played on home arenas of the higher-seeded school. UMBC defeated regular-season champion Vermont in the championship game to win the tournament and receive the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament.  UMBC went on to defeat Virginia to become the first 16th-seeded team to beat the No. 1 seed in one of the biggest upsets in NCAA Tournament history.
Alone Across the Pacific
Alone Across the Pacific (太平洋ひとりぼっち, Taiheiyō Hitori-botchi) is a 1963 color (Eastmancolor) Japanese adventure film directed by Kon Ichikawa. It was entered into the 1964 Cannes Film Festival. The film is based on the book Alone on the Pacific (USA title) (Kodoku), Kenichi Horie's account of his 1962 solo voyage across the Pacific, which was the first successful Transpacific solo voyage.

Kon Ichikawa
Kon Ichikawa (市川 崑, Ichikawa Kon; 20 November 1915 – 13 February 2008) was a Japanese film director and screenwriter. His work displays a vast range in genre and style, from the anti-war films The Burmese Harp (1956) and Fires on the Plain (1959), to the documentary Tokyo Olympiad (1965), which won two BAFTA Film Awards, and the 19th-century revenge drama An Actor's Revenge (1963). His film Odd Obsession (1959) won the Jury Prize at the 1960 Cannes Film Festival.

At his death in 2008, The New York Times recalled that "The Globe and Mail, the Canadian newspaper, called him in 2001 “the last living link between the golden age of Japanese cinema, the spunky New Wave that followed and contemporary Japanese film.”"
Hickory Grove Township, Benton County, Indiana
Hickory Grove Township is one of eleven townships in Benton County, Indiana.  As of the 2020 census, its population was 398 and it contained 168 housing units. It was organized in March 1876 and named for a grove of hickory trees that grew within its borders in the 19th century.

Hickory
Hickory is a common name for trees composing the genus Carya, which includes 19 species accepted by Plants of the World Online.

Seven species are native to southeast Asia in China, Indochina, and northeastern India (Assam), and twelve are native to North America. A number of hickory species are used for their edible nuts or for their wood.
Ibrat
Ibrat (Uzbek: Ibrat/Ибрат, Russian: Ибрат, formerly Yangiqoʻrgʻon) is an urban-type settlement in Fergana Region, Uzbekistan. It is the administrative center of Buvayda District. Its population was 7,502 people in 1989, and 8,500 in 2016.

Fergana Region
Fergana Region is one of the regions of Uzbekistan, located in the southern part of the Fergana Valley in the far east of the country. It borders the Namangan and Andijan Regions of Uzbekistan, as well as Kyrgyzstan (Batken and Osh Regions) and Tajikistan (Sughd Region). Its capital is the city of Fergana. It covers an area of 6,760 km2. The population is approximately 4,014,895 as of 2023, with 45% of the population living in rural areas.
Scott Stricklin (baseball)
Scott Stricklin (born February 17, 1972) is an American college baseball coach. Stricklin was the head coach at Georgia from 2014–2023 and at Kent State from 2005–2013.  Before serving as Kent State's head coach, Stricklin played for Kent State from 1991–1993 and played minor league baseball from 1993–1997.  He began his coaching career as a volunteer assistant under former Kent State head coach Danny Hall at Georgia Tech from 1998–1999.  In 2000–2001, he served as an assistant at Vanderbilt, and he returned to Georgia Tech as an assistant from 2002–2004.

Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets baseball
The Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets baseball team represents the Georgia Institute of Technology in NCAA Division I college baseball.  Along with most other Georgia Tech athletic teams, the baseball team participates in the Atlantic Coast Conference.  The Yellow Jackets play their home games in Russ Chandler Stadium and they are currently coached by James Ramsey.
Sosaia Feki
Sosaia Feki (born 9 May 1991), anglicised Josiah Feki, also known by the nickname of "The PM" is a Tonga international rugby league footballer who plays on the wing for Western Suburbs Red Devils in the Illawarra Rugby League.

He played for the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks in the NRL, and was part of the Cronulla team that won their maiden premiership title in the 2016 season.

Western Suburbs Red Devils
The Western Suburbs Red Devils (Wests Illawarra, Wests Wollongong, Wests Red Devils or simply Wests Devils) are an Australian rugby league football team based in Figtree, a suburb of Wollongong. The club is a member of the Country Rugby League and compete in the Illawarra Rugby League premiership. The club play out of Figtree Oval, Figtree. Wests wear red and blue jerseys and have won 16 premierships. Wests Illawarra Leagues club is a thriving club in Unanderra.
Yuknoom Tiʼ Chan
Yuknoom Tiʼ Chan was a king of Maya Kaan kingdom. He ruled in 619.

He is known only from a single inscription where he is said to have supervised Kʼan II of Caracol in some no-longer-legible event in 619.

Caracol
Caracol is a large ancient Maya archaeological site, located in what is now the Cayo District of Belize. It is situated approximately 40 kilometres (25 mi) south of Xunantunich, and the town of San Ignacio, and 15 km (9.3 mi) from the Macal River. It rests on the Vaca Plateau, at an elevation of 500 m (1,600 ft) above sea-level, in the foothills of the Maya Mountains. Long thought to be a tertiary center, it is now known that the site was one of the most important regional political centers of the Maya Lowlands during the Classic Period. Caracol covered approximately 200 square kilometres (77 sq mi), covering an area much larger than present-day Belize City, the largest metropolitan area in the country, and supported more than twice the modern city's population.
Fort IJmuiden
Fort IJmuiden is a former fort, now heritage site and event location in IJmuiden North-Holland. It protected the entrance to the North Sea Canal. The fort was originally located north of the canal, but by the construction of a new branch, it became an island. Most of the old fort and some World War II additions have been preserved. A rare armored emplacement that protected five heavy guns, is still in place.

IJmuiden
IJmuiden (Dutch pronunciation: [ɛiˈmœydə(n)]) is a port town in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is the main town in the municipality of Velsen which lies mainly to the south-east. Including its large sea locks, it straddles the mouth of the North Sea Canal to Amsterdam. To the south it abuts a large reserve of plant-covered dunes, the Zuid-Kennemerland National Park. The town is on the south bank; the north bank is otherwise a steel plant and Velsen-Noord.

It is 10 kilometres (6 mi) north northwest of Haarlem which is 18 kilometres (11 mi) due west of Amsterdam.

The port is a deepwater port suited to fully laden Panamax ships, and the fourth port of the Netherlands.

The internal capitalization within IJmuiden as IJ is a digraph in modern Dutch with an exceptional spelling convention. Also, in some typefaces, IJ is recognised as a ligature and is placed in one typed or handwritten space.
John Bolton (Canadian politician)
John Bolton (November 18, 1824 – July 14, 1872) was a New Brunswick businessman and political figure. He represented Charlotte in the 1st Canadian Parliament as a Liberal member.

He was born in England in 1824 and educated there. He was a merchant at Saint Stephen, New Brunswick. In 1858, he married a Miss Christiana Hezediah Upton. His sister Kate married Benjamin Robert Stephenson who represented Charlotte in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick. Bolton died at Saint Stephen in 1872.

His daughter Ethel married William Frederick Todd, who served in the provincial assembly and the House of Commons and went on to become Lieutenant Governor for the province.

Saint John—St. Croix
Saint John—St. Croix (formerly New Brunswick Southwest) is a federal electoral district in New Brunswick, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada since 2004. Its population in 2016 was 65,287.
Juan de Dios Orozco
Juan de Dios Orozco was a Nicaraguan politician who served as acting Supreme Director of Nicaragua from 1 April to 31 May 1843.

In 1823 Mexican Emperor Agustín de Iturbide began plans to annex the Federal Republic of Central America. Intendant of León, Bishop Nicolás García Jerez, a supporter of the annexation plans, left the city, and Orozco formed a commission with Dionisio Urcuyo y Crespín and Juan Hernández, alcalde of Sutiaba, which appointed Brigadier González Saravia as the new intendant of the city.

In 1843, the previous Supreme Director, Pablo Buitrago y Benavente resigned and the Parliament appointed Orozco as Acting Supreme Director, who held the position until the Parliament elected a new Supreme Director. Originally, public elections were attempted, but failed because no candidate obtained the required majority vote.

He was president of the Nicaraguan Congress from 1843 to 1845.

Agustín de Iturbide
Agustín Cosme Damián de Iturbide y Arámburu (Spanish pronunciation: [aɣusˈtin de ituɾˈbiðe] ⓘ; 27 September 1783 – 19 July 1824), commonly known as Agustín de Iturbide and later by his regnal name Agustín I, was the first Emperor of Mexico from 1822 until his abdication in 1823. An officer in the royal Spanish army, during the Mexican War of Independence he initially fought insurgent forces rebelling against the Spanish crown before changing sides in 1820 and leading a coalition of former royalists and long-time insurgents under his Plan of Iguala. The combined forces under Iturbide brought about Mexican independence in September 1821.  After securing the secession of Mexico from Spain, Iturbide was proclaimed president of the Regency in 1821; a year later, he was proclaimed Emperor, reigning from 19 May 1822 to 19 March 1823, when he abdicated. In May 1823 he went into exile in Europe. When he returned to Mexico in July 1824, he was arrested and executed.
Trinity College of Jacksonville
Trinity College of Jacksonville (TCJ) is a private independent Baptist college in Jacksonville, Florida. It was founded as Trinity Baptist College in 1974 by Trinity Baptist Church. It is accredited by the Transnational Association of Christian Colleges and Schools.

Independent Baptist
Independent Baptist churches (also called Independent Fundamental Baptists or IFB) are Christian congregations that generally hold to fundamentalist or conservative views of evangelical Christianity and Baptist beliefs, such as believer's baptism, individual soul liberty, and the priesthood of all believers.

The term "independent" refers to the doctrinal position of church autonomy and a refusal to join any affiliated Baptist denominations or non-Baptist association, though they usually maintain some sort of fellowship with like-minded churches. As fundamentalists, these churches are strongly opposed to the ecumenical movement.

Around 3% of the United States adult population belongs to the IFB movement, half of whom live in the Southern United States.
Arizona's 9th legislative district
Arizona's 9th legislative district is one of 30 in the state, consisting of a section of Maricopa County. As of 2023, there are 39 precincts in the district, all in Maricopa, with a total registered voter population of 113,260. The district has an overall population of 238,117.

Following the 2020 United States redistricting cycle, the Arizona Independent Redistricting Commission (AIRC) redrew legislative district boundaries in Arizona. According to the AIRC, the district is highly competitive politically.

Redistricting in Arizona
The U.S. state of Arizona, in common with the other U.S. states, must redraw its congressional and legislative districts every ten years to reflect changes in the state and national populations. Redistricting normally follows the completion of the United States census, which is carried out by the federal government the first year of every decade; the most recent census took place in 2020. Historically, Arizona's legislature  had control over the redistricting process. However, Proposition 106, passed in 2000, delegated the power to draw congressional and legislative boundaries to a bipartisan independent commission. The Arizona Independent Redistricting Commission (AIRC) comprises two Democrats, two Republicans, and one independent chair. County and local redistricting, which normally takes place along the same timeline as congressional and legislative redistricting, is carried out by the individual county and local governments rather than the AIRC.
Kerinov Grm
Kerinov Grm (pronounced [kɛˈɾiːnɔu̯ ˈɡəɾm]) is a settlement in the Municipality of Krško in southeastern Slovenia. It was established as an autonomous settlement in 2010. On 1 January 2012, it had an area of 3.99 hectares (9.9 acres) and 134 inhabitants. Kerinov Grm is a Romani settlement. A museum of Romani culture named the Old House (Slovene: Stara hiša) opened in April 2013 and there is a preschool in the settlement for Romani children.

Urban Municipality of Krško
The Urban Municipality of Krško (pronounced [ˈkə́ɾʃkɔ] ⓘ; Slovene: Mestna občina Krško) is an urban municipality in eastern Slovenia. Its seat is the town of Krško. The area is traditionally divided between Lower Styria (territory on the left bank of the Sava) and Lower Carniola (territory on the right bank of the Sava). The entire municipality is now included in the Lower Sava Statistical Region. Krško received the status of an urban municipality in December 2021. It borders Croatia.
Malietoa Laupepa
Susuga Malietoa Laupepa (1841 – 22 August 1898) was the ruler (Malietoa) of Samoa in the late 19th century. He was first crowned in 1875.

During his tenure as King, he fought constant warfare from many contenders to the throne, these battles would make up the First Samoan Civil War, which is documented in A Footnote to History: Eight Years of Trouble in Samoa.

Manono Island
Manono is an island of Samoa, situated in the Apolima Strait between the main islands of Savai'i and Upolu, 3.4 km west-northwest off Lefatu Cape, the westernmost point of Upolu. By population, as well as by area, it is Samoa’s third largest island.

There are four villages on the island with a total population of 889 (2006 Census). Electricity was only introduced in 1995 and there are several shops with beach fale accommodation for visitors. The boat trip from Upolu island takes about 20 minutes.

The neighbouring islands are Apolima, which has a small village settlement and the islet Nu'ulopa.

Manono Island is part of the political district Aiga-i-le-Tai. The majority of people in the Aiga-i-le-Tai district live on the 'mainland' at the west end of Upolu island. Dogs of any kind are prohibited on Manono island.
Plottier
Plottier is a city located in the Confluencia Department, in Neuquén Province, Argentina.
The population at the 2022 Census was 52,291 inhabitants, but the city is also part of the Neuquén - Plottier - Cipolletti urban agglomeration with over 500,000 inhabitants at the 2022 Census, which straddles the boundaries of Neuquén and Rio Negro provinces. It is about 15 km from Neuquén City, which turns this city into an important place for the population. 
Plottier is located near the Limay River and it is crossed by the 22 National Route.

Río Negro Province
Río Negro (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈri.o ˈneɣɾo], Black River) is a province of Argentina, located in northern Patagonia. Neighboring provinces are from the south clockwise Chubut, Neuquén, Mendoza, La Pampa and Buenos Aires. To the east lies the Atlantic Ocean.

Its capital is Viedma near the Atlantic outlet of the province's namesake river in the eastern extreme. The largest city is Bariloche in the far west in the Andean foothills. Other important cities include General Roca and Cipolletti.