hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Central United States
40°N 98°W﻿ / ﻿40°N 98°W﻿ / 40; -98

The Central United States is sometimes conceived as between the Eastern and Western as part of a three-region model, roughly coincident with the U.S. Census Bureau's definition of the Midwestern United States plus the western and central portions of the U.S. Census's definition of the Southern United States. The Central States are typically considered to consist of North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, Arkansas, Louisiana, Wisconsin, Illinois, Michigan, Indiana, Ohio, Kentucky, Tennessee, West Virginia, Mississippi and Alabama.

Eastern United States
The Eastern United States, often abbreviated as simply the East, is a macroregion of the United States located to the east of the Mississippi River. It variably includes between 17 and 26 states and Washington, D.C., the national capital.

As of 2011, the Eastern United States had an estimated population exceeding 179 million, representing the majority (over 58 percent) of the total U.S. population.

The three most populous cities in the Eastern United States are New York City, Chicago, and Philadelphia.
Jeanine Moulin
Jeanine Moulin (née Jeanine Rozenblat; 10 April 1912 – 18 November 1998) was a Belgian poet and literary scholar. She is known for her numerous books of poetry, as well as her research on subjects such as writer Gerard de Nerval and women's literature.

Belgians
Belgians (Dutch: Belgen [ˈbɛlɣə(n)] ⓘ; French: Belges [bɛlʒ] ⓘ; German: Belgier [ˈbɛlɡi̯ɐ] ⓘ) are people identified with the Kingdom of Belgium, a federal state in Western Europe. As Belgium is a multinational state, this connection may be residential, legal, historical, or cultural rather than ethnic. The majority of Belgians, however, belong to two distinct linguistic groups or communities (Dutch: gemeenschap; French: communauté) native to the country, i.e. its historical regions: Flemings in Flanders, who speak Dutch, West Flemish and Limburgish; and Walloons in Wallonia, who speak French or Walloon. There is also a substantial Belgian diaspora, which has settled primarily in the United States, Canada, France, and the Netherlands.
Brothers in Arms: D-Day
Brothers in Arms: D-Day is a first-person shooter video game in the Brothers in Arms series for the PlayStation Portable. It uses the Unreal Engine 2 as its technology base. Though labeled as a spin-off, the game's plot is actually a crossover/compilation of Brothers in Arms: Road to Hill 30 and Brothers in Arms: Earned in Blood from the main series.

Unreal Engine 2
Unreal Engine 2 (UE2) is the second version of Unreal Engine developed by Epic Games. Unreal Engine 2 transitioned the engine from software rendering to hardware rendering and brought support for multiple platforms such as video game consoles. The first game using UE2 was released in 2002 and its last update was shipped in 2005. It was succeeded by Unreal Engine 3.
Meco, Spain
Meco (Spanish: [ˈmeko] ⓘ) is a municipality in the eastern part of the Autonomous Community of Madrid, (Spain). In 2006, Meco had a population of 11,094 (Spanish National Statistics Institute).

The town is located to the north of the River Henares, in the comarca of La Campiña del Henares, and also in one of the two natural sub-comarcas that make up the Comarca de Alcalá, La Campiña del Henares, characterized by vast grain fields and gentle hills. It is 8 km to the north of the metropolitan area of Alcalá de Henares and 4 km from the University of Alcalá. It provides residences for the university and also is part of the Henares Industrial Corridor.

On the east, Meco borders the municipalities of Azuqueca de Henares and Villanueva de la Torre, of Guadalajara, and also the autonomous community of Castile-La Mancha. It can be reached by the Royal Cattle Track of Galiana or Riojana, and by the last section of the Henares Canal.

Comarca de Alcalá
Comarca de Alcalá is an historical comarca of Castile, located in what is now the east of the Community of Madrid, in Spain.

Its head or capital city is Alcalá de Henares. Officially the Community of Madrid is not subdivided into formal comarcas; however, informally some governmental institutions have defined some shires according to different views. The shire of Alcalá doesn't figure in any of these partitions. The territory is made up by two natural sub-shires, La Campiña and Alcarria de Alcalá.
Le convenienze ed inconvenienze teatrali
Le convenienze ed inconvenienze teatrali (Conventions and Inconveniences of the Stage), also known as Viva la mamma and Viva la Diva, is a dramma giocoso, or opera, in two acts by Gaetano Donizetti. The Italian libretto was written by Domenico Gilardoni, adapted from Antonio Simeone Sografi's plays Le convenienze teatrali (1794) and Le inconvenienze teatrali (1800).

The title refers to the convenienze, which were the rules relating to the ranking of singers (primo, secondo, comprimario) in 19th-century Italian opera, and the number of scenes, arias etc. that they were entitled to expect.

Antonio Simeone Sografi
Antonio Simeone Sografi, also known as Antonio Simon, or just Antonio (July 29, 1759 - January 4, 1818), was an Italian librettist and playwright.

After studying and graduating in his home town of Padua, he went to Venice, where he devoted himself to writing comedies and farces, as well as both humorous and serious text for major opera composers of the time. He was an active libretto from 1789 to 1816. It also produced texts for cantatas, oratorios, dramas and sacred compositions. Unlike most of his contemporaries, Sografi called his funny booklets "comedies", rather playful dramas; this because he followed the style of the character comedies of Goldoni and refused the too obvious comedy of art comedies.

He was the brother of the surgeon Pietro Sografi.  He died in Padua.
Catherine Dolgorukova
Princess Catherine Dolgorukova (Russian: Екатери́на Миха́йловна Долгору́кова, romanized: Yekaterína Mikháyilovna Dolgorúkova; 14 November [O.S. 2 November] 1847 – 15 February 1922) was a Russian aristocrat and the daughter of Prince Michael Dolgorukov and his wife, Vera Vishnevskaya.

Catherine was a long-time mistress of Tsar Alexander II and later, as his morganatic wife, was given the title of Princess Yurievskaya (Russian: Светлéйшая княги́ня Ю́рьевская).

Alexander and Catherine already had three children when they formed a morganatic marriage on 18 July [O.S. 6 July] 1880, after the death of the Emperor's wife, Marie of Hesse and by Rhine, on 3 June [O.S. 22 May] 1880. A fourth child had died in infancy. Catherine became a widow with the assassination of Alexander II on 13 March [O.S. 1 March] 1881 by members of Narodnaya Volya.

Widow
A widow (female) or widower (male) is a person whose spouse has died and who has not remarried. The male form, "widower", is first attested in the 14th century, by the 19th century supplanting "widow" with reference to men. The adjective for either sex is widowed. These terms are not applied to a divorcé(e) following the death of an ex-spouse.

The state of having lost one's spouse to death is termed widowhood. The term widowhood can be used for either sex, at least according to some dictionaries, but the word widowerhood is also listed in some dictionaries. An archaic term for a widow is "relict", literally "someone left over"; this word can sometimes be found on older gravestones. Occasionally, the word viduity is used.
Soga language
Soga, or Lusoga, is a Bantu language spoken by the Soga people of the Busoga region in Eastern Uganda. With over three million speakers, it is one of the major languages of Uganda, after English, Swahili, and Luganda. Lusoga is predominantly spoken within the Busoga region which is mainly within the natural boundaries of Lake Victoria to the south, Lake Kyoga to the north, the Nile river to the west and the Mpologoma ('Lion') river to the east of Namutumba district. It is tonal.

Soga people
The Soga (also called Basoga) are a Bantu ethnic group native to the kingdom of Busoga in eastern Uganda. The Basoga live in Uganda's districts of Bugiri, Iganga, Jinja, Kamuli, and Mayuge (formerly known collectively as Busoga) though new districts were formed later like Luuka, Kaliro, Namayingo, Bugweri, Namutunba and Buyende. Situated in eastern Uganda immediately north of the equator, Busoga is bounded by Lake Kyoga to the north, the Victoria Nile to the west, the Mpologoma River to the east, and Lake Victoria to the south. Busoga is 8,920 square kilometres (3,443 square miles) in area, with a length of about 160 km (100 mi) and a width of a little over 80 km (50 mi). These natural boundaries have enabled Basoga to have a uniqueness of their own as a group.
Phyllis Richman
Phyllis C. Richman (born Phyllis Chasanow on March 21, 1939) is an American writer and former food critic for The Washington Post for 23 years, a role that led Newsweek magazine to name her "the most feared woman in Washington". Washingtonian magazine listed her as one of the 100 most powerful women in Washington.

Richman is also the author of three murder mysteries set in the restaurant world, and many articles written for such publications as Gourmet, Bon Appétit, and Food Arts. She has appeared on numerous radio and television shows, including the Diane Rehm Show, NPR's All Things Considered and Weekend Edition, and the Oprah Winfrey Show.

Weekend Edition
Weekend Edition is a set of American radio news magazine programs produced and distributed by National Public Radio (NPR). It is the weekend counterpart to the NPR radio program Morning Edition. It consists of Weekend Edition Saturday and Weekend Edition Sunday, each of which airs for two hours, from 8:00 a.m. to 10:00 a.m. Eastern time, with refeeds until 2:00 p.m. Weekend Edition Saturday is hosted by Scott Simon. Weekend Edition Sunday is hosted by Ayesha Rascoe.

The programs feature longer stories than most NPR news magazines, and more arts and culture stories.
Entoloma abortivum
Entoloma abortivum, commonly known as the aborted entoloma or shrimp of the woods, is an mushroom in the Entolomataceae family of fungi. First named Clitopilus abortivus by Miles Joseph Berkeley and Moses Ashley Curtis, it was given its current name by the Dutch mycologist Marinus Anton Donk in 1949.

The grayish cap is up to 8 centimetres (3.1 in) wide. The stem is up to 9 cm long and 1.4 cm (1⁄2 in) thick. The smell is mealy and the spore print is pinkish.

It was once believed that the honey mushroom, Armillaria mellea, was parasitizing the Entoloma, but research has indicated that the inverse is true—the Entoloma parasitizes the honey mushroom.

In Mexico it is called Totlcoxcatl ('turkey wattle') due to its irregular shape. Caution should be used in identifying the species before eating, with similar species such as Entoloma sinuatum being poisonous.

Miles Joseph Berkeley
Miles Joseph Berkeley (1 April 1803 – 30 July 1889) was an English cryptogamist and clergyman, and one of the founders of the science of plant pathology. The standard author abbreviation Berk. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
Wim Van Belleghem
Wim Van Belleghem (10 June 1963 – 8 January 2026) was a Belgian rower from Koolkerke near Bruges. He won the World Championships lightweight class  single scull in 1987. After Polydore Veirman of the Royal Club Nautique de Gand, and Eveline Peleman of Royal Sport Nautique de Gand he is the most important Belgian single sculler of all time.

Koolkerke
Koolkerke (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈkoːlˌkɛrkə]) is a sub-municipality of the city of Bruges located in the province of West Flanders, Flemish Region, Belgium. It was a separate municipality until 1971. On 1 January 1971, it was merged into Bruges.
Necropolis (browser game)
Necropolis is a browser game implemented in Adobe Flash.  It was released in October 2008 and is the first game by game designer and programmer Gregory Avery-Weir.  It was sponsored by Spanish gaming portal MiniJuegos.com.

Video game programmer
A game programmer is a software engineer, programmer, or computer scientist who primarily develops codebases for video games or related software, such as game development tools. Game programming has many specialized disciplines, all of which fall under the umbrella term of "game programmer". A game programmer should not be confused with a game designer, who works on game design.
Wyoming's 20th State Senate district
Wyoming's 20th State Senate district is one of 31 districts in the Wyoming Senate. The district encompasses Hot Springs and Washakie counties as well as parts of Big Horn, Fremont and Park counties. It is represented by Republican Senator Ed Cooper of Ten Sleep.

In 1992, the state of Wyoming switched from electing state legislators by county to a district-based system.

Hot Springs County, Wyoming
Hot Springs County is a county in the U.S. state of Wyoming. As of the 2024 estimates, the population was 4,625, making it the second-least populous county in Wyoming. Its county seat is Thermopolis. The county is named for the hot springs located in Hot Springs State Park.
Forfar Farmington F.C.
Forfar Farmington Football Club are a football club who are based at Station Park in Forfar, Angus. They were members of the top division Scottish Women's Premier League (SWPL) from 2005 until withdrawing from the competition in 2021.

Football club (association football)
In association football, a football club (or association football club, alternatively soccer club) is a sports club that acts as an entity through which association football teams organise their sporting activities. The club can exist either as an independent unit or as part of a larger sports organization as a subsidiary of the parent club or organization.

The sport of association football allows teams that partake in some sort of club activity to participate in tournaments such as leagues and other competitions. Teams must register their players as well as staff and other personnel to be eligible to represent the club in any activity as it regards to association football competitions.
Texas Lone Star Strikers
The Texas LoneStar Strikers are an American professional men's basketball team based in the Magnolia, Woodlands, and Conroe, Texas area.

They are currently Independent, but once were members of the International Basketball League and began play in the league in 2013. The team is owned by businessman and former collegiate athlete Glenn Shepherd. The team colors are red, blue, gold and white.

Conroe, Texas
Conroe is a city in and the county seat of Montgomery County, Texas, United States, about 40 miles (64 km) north of Houston. It is a principal city in the Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land metropolitan area.

As of 2024, the population was 114,581. Since 2007, the city has increased in size (and population) by annexation, with the city territory expanding from 52.8 to 74.4 square miles. Some communities have attempted to fight such annexation. According to the Census Bureau, Conroe was the fastest-growing large city in the United States between July 1, 2015, and July 1, 2016.
Claremont Colony, South Dakota
Claremont Colony is a Hutterite colony and census-designated place (CDP) in Hamlin County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 68 at the 2020 census. It was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census.

It is in the eastern part of the county, 4 miles (6 km) east of Castlewood and 5 miles (8 km) southwest of Exit 164 (South Dakota Highway 22) on Interstate 29.

South Dakota Highway 22
South Dakota Highway 22 (SD 22) is a 48.546-mile-long (78.127 km) state highway in Hamlin and Deuel counties in South Dakota, United States. It connects Hazel and Clear Lake.

SD 22 originally extended from the Wyoming state line, following what is now U.S. Route 212 (US 212). When the US 212 was established, SD 22 was truncated to travel from SD 45 in northern Hand County to SD 41 (current US 281) south of Redfield. This is now SD 26. The current alignment was established in the mid-1930s, with a north–south portion from Hazel to US 212. This last portion was decommissioned in the 1990s.
Keadue, County Donegal
Keadue (Irish: Céideadh) is a townland in County Donegal, Ireland. It is in the Rosses region of northwest County Donegal, on the R259 road on the Wild Atlantic Way, about halfway between the fishing villages of Burtonport and Kincasslagh on the Atlantic coast.

Dungloe
An Clochán Liath, known in English as Dungloe (sometimes misspelled as Dunglow; /dʌnˈloʊ/ dun-LOH), is a town on the west coast of County Donegal in Ulster, the northern province in Ireland. It is the main town in The Rosses and the largest in the Donegal Gaeltacht. Dungloe developed as a town in the middle of the 18th century, and now serves as the administrative and retail centre for the west of County Donegal, and in particular The Rosses, with the only mainland secondary school for the area.
Infinite (Eminem song)
"Infinite" is a song by American rapper Eminem from his debut album Infinite (1996). It was released along with the rest of the album on November 12, 1996, via Web Entertainment. Recording sessions took place at Bassment Studios in Ferndale, Michigan, produced by Denaun Porter.

For a long time, the song was not available at any online music stores; however, on November 17, 2016, five days after the 20th anniversary of the album, Eminem posted a remaster and a remix of the song, made by the Bass Brothers, to his Vevo channel, made available digitally for the first time.

The song peaked at number 97 on the Billboard Hot 100 and at number 37 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.

Digital music store
A digital music store is a business that sells digital audio files of music recordings over the Internet. Customers gain ownership of a license to use the files, in contrast to a music streaming service, where they listen to recordings without gaining ownership. Customers pay either for each recording or on a subscription basis. Online music stores generally also offer partial streaming previews of songs, with some songs even available for full length listening. They typically show a picture of the album art or of the performer or band for each song. Some online music stores also sell recorded speech files, such as podcasts, and video files of movies.
Sultan Bilimkhanov Stadium
Sultan Bilimkhanov Stadium is a stadium in Grozny, Chechnya, Russia.  It is currently used for football matches and is the home ground of FC Terek-2 Grozny. The stadium holds 10,200 seats. Before the start of the 2008 Premier League season, the Russian Football Union granted Terek the right to host Premier League matches in Grozny in this stadium. Before that, from the 1990s to 2007, the club played its home games in the neighboring resort city of Pyatigorsk, Stavropol Krai.

43°19′28″N 45°41′24″E﻿ / ﻿43.324573°N 45.689934°E﻿ / 43.324573; 45.689934

2008 Russian Premier League
The 2008 Russian Premier League was the 17th edition of the Russian Football Championship, and the seventh under the current Russian Premier League name. The season started on Friday, 14 March 2008 with a match between Terek and Krylia Sovetov in Grozny. Krylia Sovetov won 3–0. The first goal of the season was scored by Krylia Sovetov's forward Yevgeny Savin.

Due to Russia's participation in UEFA Euro 2008, the season was interrupted from 16 May until 5 July.

The champions were determined on the 27th matchday, 2 November 2008. Rubin claimed their first championship title in Russian Premier League, defeating Saturn 2–1 away, with Savo Milošević scoring in the 89th minute to claim the title for his club. Rubin became the third (and second consecutive) non-Moscow club to become Russian champions.

The last round of matches was played on 22 November 2008.
Grand Mosque of Marash
Maraş Grand Mosque (Turkish: Maraş Ulucamii) is a historical mosque in Kahramanmaraş City, Kahramanmaraş Province, Turkey. The mosque is at the south of Kahramanmaraş Castle and to the north west of the covered market. 
It was built by Suleiman of the Dulkadirids who reigned between 1442 and 1454. In 1501-1502 it was renewed by his son Bozkurt of Dulkadir. 
The mosque is a wooden-roof mosque. Unlike most other mosques the minaret of the mosque was not built as a part of the mosque. It is in the yard and was decorated with ceramic plates.

Kahramanmaraş Castle
Kahramanmaraş Castle is a castle in Turkey. Kahramanmaraş (popularly Maraş) is an old city.

The castle is in the urban fabric of Kahramanmaraş city. It is at 37°35′11″N 36°55′33″E﻿ / ﻿37.58639°N 36.92583°E﻿ / 37.58639; 36.92583. It is on a tumulus so it isn't particularly high with respect to surrounding.

The exact construction date of the castle is not known. It was built between the 1st century B.C. and the 2nd century A.D. Its plan is  rectangular. Its outer dimensions are 150 metres (490 ft) north to south and 75 metres (246 ft) east to west. Three of its square plan bastions have been restored by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism. The outer walls of the bastions are of asthar stone and the inner walls are of rubble stone. The main gate of the castle is on the south wall. The arrow slits are on the eastern wall.
South Africa women's cricket team in Ireland in 2016
South African women's cricket team toured Ireland in August 2016. The tour consisted of four Women's One Day International (ODI) matches and two Women's Twenty20 International (T20I) matches. South Africa won the ODI series 3–1 and drawn the T20I series 1–1. During the tour, Ireland recorded their first wins over South Africa in international cricket (male or female) by winning the 2nd T20I and the 4th ODI.

Century (cricket)
In cricket, a century is a score of 100 or more runs in a single innings by a batter. The term is also included in "century partnership" which occurs when two batsmen add 100 runs to the team total when they are batting together. A century is regarded as a landmark score for batters and a player's number of centuries is generally recorded in their career statistics. Scoring a century is loosely equivalent in merit to a bowler taking a five-wicket haul, and is commonly referred to as a ton or hundred. Scores of more than 200 runs are still statistically counted as a century, although these scores are referred to as double (200–299 runs), triple (300–399 runs), and quadruple centuries (400–499 runs), and so on. Reaching 50 runs in an innings is known as a half-century.

Scoring a century at Lord's cricket ground in London earns the batter a place on the Lord's honours boards.
GADL1
Glutamate decarboxylase like 1 (GADL1) is the enzyme responsible for decarboxylating aspartate (Asp) to β-alanine and cysteine sulfinic acid (CSA) to hypotaurine. GADL1 is a Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzyme. By decarboxylating Asp to β-alanine, GADL1 consequently plays a role in the production of carnosine. Carnosine and taurine have multiple biological functions such as calcium regulation, pH buffering, metal chelation, and antioxidant effects. β-Alanine also plays a role as neurotransmitter or neuromodulator in the central nervous system (CNS) and olfactory bulbs.

Hypotaurine
Hypotaurine is a sulfinic acid that is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of taurine. Like taurine, it also acts as an endogenous neurotransmitter via action on the glycine receptors. It is an osmolyte with antioxidant properties.

Hypotaurine is derived from cysteine (and homocysteine). In mammals, the biosynthesis of hypotaurine from cysteine occurs in the pancreas. In the cysteine sulfinic acid pathway,  cysteine is first oxidized to its sulfinic acid, catalyzed by the enzyme cysteine dioxygenase. Cysteine sulfinic acid, in turn, is decarboxylated by sulfinoalanine decarboxylase to form hypotaurine. Hypotaurine is enzymatically oxidized to yield taurine by hypotaurine dehydrogenase.