hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Caroling Dusk
Caroling Dusk: An Anthology of Verse by Negro Poets (later retitled Caroling Dusk: An Anthology of Verse by Black Poets of the Twenties) is a 1927 poetry anthology edited by Countee Cullen. It has been republished four times (1955, 1968, 1974 and 1993) and includes works by thirty-eight African-American poets, including Paul Laurence Dunbar, Langston Hughes, Georgia Douglas Johnson, James Weldon Johnson, and Claude McKay. The anthology also includes biographical sketches of the poets whose work is included in the book.

Harper (publisher)
Harper is an American publishing house, the flagship imprint of global publisher HarperCollins, based in New York City. Founded in New York in 1817 by James Harper and his brother John, the company operated as J. & J. Harper until 1833, when it changed its name to Harper & Brothers, reflecting the inclusion of Joseph and Fletcher Harper. Harper began publishing Harper's Magazine, Harper's Weekly, and other periodicals beginning in the 1850s. From 1962 to 1990, the company was known as Harper & Row after its merger with Row, Peterson & Company. Harper & Row was purchased in 1987 by News Corporation and combined with William Collins, Sons, its United Kingdom counterpart, in 1990 to form HarperCollins, although the Harper name has been used in its place since 2007.
3rd Infantry Regiment (Lithuania)
3rd Infantry Regiment, later known as the 3rd Infantry Regiment of the Lithuanian Grand Duke Vytautas (Lithuanian: Trečiasis pėstininkų Lietuvos Didžiojo Kunigaikščio Vytauto pulkas) was a Lithuanian Army infantry regiment that saw combat in the Lithuanian Wars of Independence. It existed from 1919 to 1926 and from 1935 to 1940.

Raseiniai
Raseiniai (pronunciationⓘ; Samogitian: Raseinē) is a city in Lithuania. It is located on the south eastern foothills of the Samogitians highland, some 5 km (3.1 mi) north from the Kaunas–Klaipėda highway.
11th United States Congress
The 11th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1809, to March 4, 1811, during the first two years of James Madison's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1800 United States census. Both chambers had a Democratic-Republican majority.

Patrick Magruder
Patrick Magruder (1768 – December 24, 1819) was an American lawyer, politician, and librarian who served as a Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Maryland’s 3rd congressional District from March 4, 1805, to March 3, 1807, and as the 2nd Librarian of the United States Congress, from December 26, 1807, to January 18, 1815.
Globalization in South Korea
South Korea is the 5th largest export economy in the world and the 6th economic complexity according to Economic Complexity Index (ECI) with the top export destinations centralized in China ($149 B) with a total population of 51,324,823 in 2019.

Economic Complexity Index
The Economic Complexity Index (ECI) is a holistic measure of the productive capabilities of large economic systems, usually cities, regions, or countries. In particular, the ECI looks to explain the knowledge accumulated in a population and which is expressed in the economic activities present in a city, country, or region. To achieve this goal, the ECI defines the knowledge available in a location, as the average knowledge of the activities present in it, and the knowledge of an activity as the average knowledge of the places where that economic activity is conducted. The product equivalent of the economic complexity index is the product complexity index or PCI. Higher economic complexity as compared to country's income level drives economic development.
Weaste tram stop
Weaste is a tram stop on the Eccles Line of Greater Manchester's light rail Metrolink system. It opened to passengers on 21 July 2000 as part of Phase 2 of the network's expansion, and is located the Weaste area of the City of Salford, in North West England.

Weaste tram stop is close to the M602 motorway and The Willows, the former home stadium of Salford City Reds.

This stop is located parallel to Eccles New Road (A57), between Foster Street and Weaste Road. The like named former railway station is also close by.

Tram stop
A tram stop, tram station, streetcar stop, or light rail station is a place designated for a tram, streetcar, or light rail vehicle to stop so passengers can board or alight it. Generally, tram stops share most characteristics of bus stops, but because trams operate on rails, they often include railway platforms, especially if stepless entries are provided for accessibility. However, trams may also be used with bus stop type flags and with mid-street pavements as platforms, in street running mode.
Henryk Szatkowski
Henryk Szatkowski (born 27 November 1900) was one of the leaders of the Nazi German Goralenvolk action in the Podhale region of occupied Poland during World War II. A self-proclaimed Volksdeutscher ("ethnic German"), he was a sports and tourism activist in Zakopane from before the invasion. Szatkowski collaborated with the Nazis, worked as an informer, and promoted the failed Goralische Freiwilligen SS Legion. According to at least one modern day account he was blackmailed. However, Polish historian Jan Berghauzen suspects him of being a well established spy in Zakopane working for German intelligence service.

Szatkowski was born in Kraków on 27 November 1900.

Szatkowski fled from Podhale with the retreating Nazis at the end of World War II, never to be heard from again. He left behind wife Maria and children.

Podhale
Podhale (Polish pronunciation: [pɔtˈxalɛ] ⓘ; lit. 'below the mountain pastures'), sometimes referred to as the Polish Highlands, is Poland's southernmost region. The Podhale is located in the foothills of the Tatra range of the Carpathian Mountains. It is the most famous region of the Goral Lands which are a network of historical regions inhabited by Gorals.
East and West Firsby
East Firsby and West Firsby are two hamlets in the West Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. They are situated about 10 miles (16 km) north from the city of Lincoln, and set in the Lincolnshire Wolds, a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

East Firsby lies between Saxby and Spridlington, with West Firsby about 1 mile (1.6 km) to the west, near the A15 road. East Firsby civil parish was abolished to enlarge that of West Firsby in 1936. There is no church.

The hamlet of Firsby is listed in the 1086 Domesday Book as "Frisebi", with 22 households, 30 acres (0.12 km2) of meadow and a church, with Ilbert of Lacy as Lord of the Manor.

The Manor House at West Firsby fell into disrepair and was demolished during the 1990s. At East Firsby is the mid 18th-century Grade II listed Manor Farmhouse, and at West Firsby is a site of a deserted medieval village.

There is an oilfield at West Firsby.

Deserted medieval village
In the United Kingdom, a deserted medieval village (DMV) is a former settlement which was abandoned during the Middle Ages, typically leaving no trace apart from earthworks or cropmarks. If there are three or fewer inhabited houses the convention is to regard the site as deserted; if there are more than three houses, it is regarded as a shrunken medieval village. There are estimated to be more than 3,000 DMVs in England alone.
Food Safety Regulation 2002
The Food Safety Regulation 2002 (EC) No. 178/2002 is an EU regulation that ensures high standards of food in the regulation of the internal market. The full title is "Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 28 January 2002 laying down the general principles and requirements of food law, establishing the European Food Safety Authority and laying down procedures in matters of food safety".

Regulation (European Union)
A regulation is a legal act of the European Union which becomes immediately enforceable as law in all member states simultaneously. Regulations can be distinguished from directives which, at least in principle, need to be transposed into national law. Regulations can be adopted by means of a variety of legislative procedures depending on their subject matter. Despite their name, Regulations are primary legislation rather than regulatory delegated legislation; as such, they are often described as "Acts" (e.g. the Digital Services Act).
Giacomo Prestia
Giacomo Prestia (born August 22, 1960 in Florence) is an Italian operatic bass,

A native of Florence (Italy), Giacomo Prestia studied vocal technique with Maestro Sergio Catoni. He won international competitions including the "Concorso internazionale Voci Verdiane" in Busseto and the "Concorso Luciano Pavarotti" in Philadelphia.

He made his opera debut with Giuseppe Verdi's Alzira in Fidenza in 1990. He performs in Teatro alla Scala, Maggio Musicale Fiorentino, Opéra National de Paris, Wiener Staatsoper, Opernhaus Zurich, Teatro Real de Madrid, Liceu de Barcelona, Staatsoper Unter den Linden and Deutsche Oper Berlin, Teatro Colón de Buenos Aires, Teatro Comunale in Bologna, San Carlo in Naples, Berlin Philharmonic, Teatro Regio di Parma. He has worked with Claudio Abbado, Zubin Mehta, Riccardo Muti, Georges Prêtre, Daniele Gatti, Nicola Luisotti.

Daniele Gatti
Daniele Gatti (born 6 November 1961) is an Italian conductor. He is currently chief conductor of Maggio Musicale Fiorentino, artistic advisor of the Mahler Chamber Orchestra, music director of the Orchestra Mozart and chief conductor of the Staatskapelle Dresden.
Huizhou North railway station
Huizhou North railway station (Chinese: 惠州北站; pinyin: Huìzhōu Běi Zhàn) is a railway station in Huicheng District, Huizhou, Guangdong, China. This station opened in 2021 with the Ganzhou–Shenzhen high-speed railway. Guangzhou–Huizhou intercity railway was extended to this station from Xiaojinkou on 29 September 2025. A spur to the under construction Guangzhou–Shanwei high-speed railway will also allow southbound trains to continue to Guangzhou.

Guangzhou–Shanwei high-speed railway
Guangzhou–Shanwei railway (simplified Chinese: 广汕铁路; traditional Chinese: 廣汕鐵路; pinyin: Guǎngshàn Tiělù) is a high-speed railway line in Guangdong Province, China. Its design speed is 350 kilometres per hour (220 mph). The railway would shorten the journey time between Guangzhou and Shanwei to one hour by avoiding Shenzhen.
Thunersee–Beatenberg Funicular
The Thunersee–Beatenberg Funicular (German: Thunersee–Beatenberg Bahn; TBB) is a funicular in the canton of Bern, Switzerland. It links a jetty, at Beatenbucht in the municipality of Sigriswil and on the shores of Lake Thun, to the village of Beatenberg, situated on the plateau above at 1,120 metres (3,675 ft) above sea level.

At Beatenbucht, the funicular connects with shipping services, run by BLS AG, and bus services, run by Verkehrsbetriebe STI. Both shipping and bus services connect Beatenbucht to Interlaken and Thun. At Beatenberg, the funicular connects with the Seilbahnen Beatenberg-Niederhorn, a gondola lift which runs to the summit of the Niederhorn.

Funicular
A funicular (/fjuːˈnɪkjʊlər, f(j)ʊ-, f(j)ə-/ few-NIK-yoo-lər, f(y)uu-, f(j)ə-), or funicular railway, is a type of cable railway system that connects points along a railway track laid on a steep slope. The system is characterized by two counterbalanced carriages (also called cars or trains) permanently attached to opposite ends of a haulage cable, which is looped over a pulley at the upper end of the track. The result of such a configuration is that the two carriages move synchronously: as one ascends, the other descends at an equal speed. This feature distinguishes funiculars from inclined elevators, which have a single car that is hauled uphill.

The term funicular derives from the Latin word funiculus, the diminutive of funis, meaning 'rope'.
Cellophane / The Wholly Ghost
"Cellophane / The Wholly Ghost" is a single released by Australian psychedelic rock band King Gizzard & the Lizard Wizard consisting of the songs "Cellophane" and "The Wholly Ghost". Generally one of the rarest pieces of King Gizzard physical media, the audio files for Cellophane would also be released for free as a MediaFire link on its music video.

Stu Mackenzie
Stuart Douglas Mackenzie (born 26 October 1990) is an Australian musician best known as the frontman of rock band King Gizzard & the Lizard Wizard. He serves as singer, guitarist and multi-instrumentalist for the band and is recognized as its leader, a role he has filled since its formation in 2010.

Mackenzie formed King Gizzard & the Lizard Wizard as a casual band for his friends in the Melbourne music scene to play together in without needing to rehearse or practice. They have since recorded 27 studio albums.

Under his leadership, they have come to be considered an important band of their generation, largely thanks to their cultivation of a devoted following through consistent touring and releases.
Snaresbrook (ward)
Snaresbrook was an electoral ward in the London Borough of Redbridge from 1965 to 2018. The ward was first used in the 1964 elections and last used for the 2014 elections. It returned councillors to Redbridge London Borough Council. It was subject to boundary revisions on 1978 and 2002. The 1978 revision reduced the number of councillors from four to three.

Redbridge London Borough Council
Redbridge London Borough Council, also known as Redbridge Council, is the local authority for the London Borough of Redbridge in Greater London, England. The council has been under Labour majority control since 2014. The council meets at Redbridge Town Hall in Ilford and has its main offices nearby at Lynton House.
Bierwirth
Bierwirth is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

John Bierwirth (c. 1924–2013), American lawyer and businessman

Karl Bierwirth (1907–1955), German weightlifter

Petra Bierwirth (born 1960), German politician

Rudolph Bierwirth (1899–1993), Australian army officer

John Bierwirth
John Cocks (Jack) Bierwirth (21 January 1924 in Lawrence, Nassau County, New York – 26 May 2013 in Freeport, New York) was an American lawyer and businessman. Bierwirth was an attorney by education, and a banking and financial expert by trade. He was best known as the CEO of Grumman during the 1970s and 1980s, a period of considerable reduction and downsizing in defense- and space-related industries.
Alexandria Arachosia
Alexandria in Arachosia (Greek: Ἀλεξάνδρεια Ἀραχωσίας), also known as Alexandropolis (Ἀλεξανδρόπολις), was a city in ancient times that is now called Kandahar in Afghanistan. It was one of more than twenty cities founded or renamed by Alexander the Great. It was founded around 330 BC, on the foundations of an earlier Achaemenid fortress. Arachosia is the Greek name of an ancient province of the Achaemenid, Seleucid and Parthian empires. The province of Arachosia was centered around the Argandab valley in Kandahar. It did not reach the Hindu Kush, but it apparently extended east as far as the Indus River, although its exact extents are not yet clear.

Citadel
A citadel is the most fortified area of a town or city. It may be a castle, fortress, or fortified center. The term is a diminutive of city, meaning "little city", because it is a smaller part of the city of which it is the defensive core.

In a fortification with bastions, the citadel is the strongest part of the system, sometimes well inside the outer walls and bastions, but often forming part of the outer wall for the sake of economy. It is positioned to be the last line of defence, should the enemy breach the other components of the fortification system.
Sierra Martés
39°19′30.73″N 0°57′5.01″W﻿ / ﻿39.3252028°N 0.9513917°W﻿ / 39.3252028; -0.9513917

Sierra Martés or Sierra de Martés (Valencian Language: Serra de Martés) is a mountain range settled alongside the Valencian comarques of Requena-Utiel and Hoya de Buñol, province of Valencia (east Spain). Is one of the last Iberica formations, nowadays just there the Caroig's calcareous platform split by the Jucar River viaduct

Has border at south with Mola d'Albeitar and Venta Gaeta (the twice are Cortes de Pallás's village) in the east and along the length of Sierra del Ave, Dos Aguas and Caballón. In the north side there's the Forata's Reservoir and by the west, the range lows until reach the Requena's Altiplano where the topography are more flat than Forata.

Martés is protected by the Conselleria de Medio Ambiente de la Generalitat Valènciana (Valencian Government Environmental Council) and has a nature reserve with flora variety.

Hoya de Buñol
Hoya de Buñol (Spanish: [ˈoʝa ðe buˈɲol]; Valencian: Foia de Bunyol [ˈfɔja ðe buˈɲɔl], also [ˈfɔjɔ]) is a comarca in the province of Valencia, Valencian Community, Spain. All the towns in it are Spanish-speaking, rather than Valencian-speaking.
Kalamata F.C.
Kalamata Football Club (Greek: Π.Σ. "Η Καλαμάτα") is a Greek professional football club based in Kalamata, Messenia. They compete in the Super League Greece 2, the second tier of the Greek football league system. The club's home ground is the Kalamata Metropolitan Stadium.

Greek football league system
The Greek association football leagues system consists of 2 nationwide professional leagues (Super League 1 Greece Limited Liability Partnership & A2 National Division Professional Football Association), 1 nationwide amateur league (Women's Football Clubs Association) and 53 regional amateur leagues (Football Clubs Associations).
Floods in Algeria
Floods in Algeria are caused by heavy rainfall, particularly during the autumn and winter months, with an average of 174 flood events occurring annually. Flash floods account for approximately 62.20% of these events, involving major rivers such as the El Harrach, Chélif, and M'zab. A significant flood event occurred in Bab El Oued in November 2001, resulting in 900 fatalities and substantial economic losses. Between 2000 and 2011, Algeria reported 1,014 deaths due to flooding, Urbanization and storm drainage systems have been identified as factors related to flood risk.

According to recent studies, floods cause average annual economic losses equivalent to around 0.7% of Algeria's GDP, primarily due to the increasing frequency of extreme weather events. The Algerian government provides approximately 255 million USD annually for disaster response and mitigation efforts related to flooding.

Flash flood
A flash flood is a rapid flooding of low-lying areas: washes, rivers, dry lakes and depressions. It may be caused by heavy rain associated with a severe thunderstorm, hurricane, or tropical storm, or by meltwater from ice and snow. Flash floods may also occur after the collapse of a natural ice or debris dam, or a human structure such as a man-made dam, as occurred before the Johnstown Flood of 1889. Flash floods are distinguished from regular floods by having a timescale of fewer than six hours between rainfall and the onset of flooding.

Flash floods are a significant hazard, causing more fatalities in the U.S. in an average year than lightning, tornadoes, or hurricanes. They can also deposit large quantities of sediments on floodplains and destroy vegetation cover not adapted to frequent flood conditions.
Guys Like Us
Guys Like Us is an American sitcom created by Dan Schneider for the UPN channel. The series was produced by Columbia TriStar Television and aired from October 5, 1998, to January 18, 1999, and it starred Bumper Robinson, Maestro Harrell, and Chris Hardwick. The show was designed with the goal of being a launching vehicle for Maestro Harrell, who would later gain fame for his role as Randy Wagstaff on the HBO show The Wire.

Columbia TriStar Television
Columbia TriStar Television, Inc. (abbreviated as CTT) was an American television production and distribution company, which was active from February 21, 1994 until its reincorporation as Sony Pictures Television on September 16, 2002. It was the third iteration of what had originated as Columbia Pictures's television studio, Screen Gems.
Svante Janson
Carl Svante Janson (born 21 May 1955) is a Swedish mathematician. A member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences since 1994, Janson has been the chaired professor of mathematics at Uppsala University since 1987.

In mathematical analysis, Janson has publications in functional analysis (especially harmonic analysis) and probability theory. In mathematical statistics, Janson has made contributions to the theory of U-statistics.  In combinatorics, Janson has publications in probabilistic combinatorics, particularly random graphs and in the analysis of algorithms: In the study of random graphs, Janson introduced U-statistics and the Hoeffding decomposition.

Random graph
In mathematics, random graph is the general term to refer to probability distributions over graphs.  Random graphs may be described simply by a probability distribution, or by a random process which generates them. The theory of random graphs lies at the intersection between graph theory and probability theory. From a mathematical perspective, random graphs are used to answer questions about the properties of typical graphs. Its practical applications are found in all areas in which complex networks need to be modeled – many random graph models are thus known, mirroring the diverse types of complex networks encountered in different areas. In a mathematical context, random graph refers almost exclusively to the Erdős–Rényi random graph model. In other contexts, any graph model may be referred to as a random graph.
1980 Israel Super Cup
The 1980 Israel Super Cup was the tenth Israel Super Cup (15th, including unofficial matches, as the competition wasn't played within the Israel Football Association in its first 5 editions, until 1969), an annual Israel football match played between the winners of the previous season's Top Division and Israel State Cup.

The match was played between Maccabi Netanya, champions of the 1979–80 Liga Leumit and Hapoel Kfar Saba, winners of the 1979–80 Israel State Cup.

This was Maccabi Netanya's 4th Israel Super Cup appearance and Hapoel Kfar Saba's second. At the match, played at Kfar Saba, Maccabi Netanya won 2–1.

1979–80 Liga Leumit
The 1979–80 Liga Leumit season saw Maccabi Netanya, with the club's David Lavi finishing as the league's top scorer with 18 goals. Hakoah Ramat Gan, Beitar Tel Aviv and Beitar Jerusalem were all relegated to Liga Artzit.
The House of Discord
The House of Discord (1913) is a silent American drama film directed by James Kirkwood Sr., written by F. E. Woods and A. Clayton Harris from the play by William C. deMille. The film stars Lionel Barrymore and marked the theatrical film debut of actor Jack Mulhall.

Blanche Sweet
Sarah Blanche Sweet (June 18, 1896 – September 6, 1986) was an American silent film actress who began her career in the early days of the motion picture film industry. Throughout her career, Sweet appeared in 121 silent films and three sound films.
Lenasia Muslim School
Lenasia Muslim School is an independent high school in Lenasia, Gauteng, South Africa. It achieved a 100% pass rate in the matriculation exams in the years 2003 to 2009, and in 2010, with a 99% pass rate, was one of the five top performing independent schools in Gauteng. It is situated in Lenasia extension 10.

As of 2017 Lenasia Muslim School's has a new principal. Appa Nazarine Suliman has taken over the role from Mr Rashid Mohammed.

Matriculation in South Africa
In South Africa, matriculation (or matric) is the final year of high school and the qualification received on graduating from high school, and the minimum university entrance requirements. The first formal examination was conducted in South Africa under the University of the Cape of Good Hope in 1858.

In general usage, the school-leaving exams, which are government-administered, are known as the "matric exams"; by extension, students in the final year of high school (grade 12) are known as "matriculants" or, more commonly, "matrics". Once the Matric year has been passed, students are said to have "matriculated".