hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Edgar Stakset
Edgar Stakset (born 30 April 1937) is a Norwegian former footballer who played as a midfielder for Steinkjer FK. He made 26 appearances for the Norway national team from 1960 to 1967.

Stakset was the player-manager of Steinkjer in 1968. In 1972 he joined Beitstad as player-manager, and renewed his contract for another year. He went back to Steinkjer in 1974, being announced as their new youth coach after the 1974 season. At the same time, he would be player-manager for the fifth-tier team Stod IL. In 1977 he went on to manage Verdal IL. He also played during his first year. In 1979 he moved to Levanger club IL Sverre, and in 1982 IL Henning in rural Steinkjer.

Steinkjer FK
Steinkjer FK is a Norwegian football club from the town of Steinkjer, currently playing in the 4. divisjon, the fifth tier in the Norwegian league system, after being relegated from 3. divisjon in 2023. The club was founded in 1910. Steinkjer played in the top league in 1937–38, 1938–39, 1956–57, 1957–58, 1961–62, 1963, 1965, 1966, 1967 and 1978.
Their strongest performance in the league was in the 1961–62 season when they finished second, only beaten by Brann.
Netsanet Achamo
Netsanet Achamo (born December 14, 1987) is an Ethiopian long-distance runner.

She finished in 4th at the 2006 African Championships in Athletics in the 3000 metres steeplechase.

Achamo competed at the 2007 World Championships in Athletics in the 3000 metres steeplechase, but did not make it out of the heats.

She captured bronze at the 2007 All-Africa Games in the 3000 metres steeplechase.

Achamo won the 2011 Olomouc Half Marathon, 2012 Mumbai Marathon, and the 2012 Hamburg Marathon.

2007 World Championships in Athletics – Women's 3000 metres steeplechase
The women's 3000 metres steeplechase event at the 2007 World Championships in Athletics took place on August 25, 2007 (heats) and August 27, 2007 (final) at the Nagai Stadium in Osaka, Japan. The first four of each heat (Q) plus the three fastest times (q) qualified for the final.
Barnett House (Elliston, Virginia)
Barnett House, also known as Big Spring, is a historic home located near Elliston, Montgomery County, Virginia.  The house was built about 1808, and underwent a radical transformation in the early 20th century.  It is a two-story, five bay brick dwelling with a single pile central passage plan.  The front facade features a one-story wraparound porch through the two-story portico across the facade.  Also on the property is a contributing stuccoed frame meathouse.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

Central-passage house
The central-passage house, also known variously as central hall plan house, center-hall house, hall-passage-parlor house, Williamsburg cottage, and Tidewater-type cottage, was a vernacular, or folk form, house type from the colonial period onward into the 19th century in the United States.
Friedrich von Eichheimer
Georg Friedrich von Eichheimer (18 August 1764 – 13 October 1854) was a Bavarian military physician and Generalstabsarzt (Surgeon General) of the Army.

Eichheimer was born in Bensheim. He joined the Bavarian army as a Feldsher on 21 August 1786 and took part in campaigns against France, Austria, Prussia and Russia from 1790 to 1812. Afterwards he was chief of the medical service (Chef des Sanitätswesens) in the army of general Karl Philipp von Wrede in the rank of Oberstarzt. He was advanced to the rank Major General (MC) in 1826, and died in Munich, where he lived at Sonnenstraße 18 around 1850.

Bavarian Army
The Bavarian Army (German: Bayerische Armee) was the army of the Electorate (1682–1806) and then Kingdom (1806–1918) of Bavaria. It existed from 1682 as the standing army of Bavaria until the merger of the military sovereignty (Wehrhoheit) of Bavaria into that of the German State in 1919. The Bavarian Army was never comparable to the armies of the Great Powers of the 19th century, but it did provide the Wittelsbach dynasty with sufficient scope of action, in the context of effective alliance politics, to transform Bavaria from a territorially-disjointed small state to the second-largest state of the German Empire after Prussia.
Inverness Constabulary
Inverness Constabulary was a police force in Scotland that covered Inverness-shire.

It was created on 16 November 1968, as a merger of the Inverness Burgh Police and the Inverness-shire Constabulary.  Inverness Constabulary merged with the Northern Constabulary and the Ross and Sutherland Constabulary on 16 May 1975, as part of the creation of the regions of Scotland.  The resulting force was also called the Northern Constabulary.

The force's only Chief Constable was Andrew L. McClure, who had previously been Chief Constable of Inverness-shire Constabulary, and then went on to become Assistant Chief Constable of the new force.

Thomas Sorley had been Chief Constable of Inverness Burgh Police, and he was appointed Deputy Chief Constable of Inverness Constabulary. He was appointed Deputy Chief Constable of the new Northern Constabulary on its formation.

Assistant chief constable
Assistant chief constable (ACC) is the third highest rank in all British territorial police forces (except the Metropolitan Police and City of London Police, in which the equivalent rank is commander), as well as the British Transport Police, Ministry of Defence Police and Civil Nuclear Constabulary.

Each force has between one and six assistant chief constables. They are the lowest officers at chief officer level, below the chief constable and deputy chief constable, and rank immediately above chief superintendents. Assistant chief constables usually hold portfolios (e.g. for crime, operations or territorial policing). In larger forces, ACCs may be given responsibilities for policing major territories within the force area.

Senior police civilian staff (such as directors of finance and resources) hold equivalent status and are generally known as assistant chief officers.
Jon Bramnick
Jon M. Bramnick (born February 24, 1953) is an American Republican Party politician who has served in the New Jersey Senate since 2022, representing the 21st legislative district. He previously served in the New Jersey General Assembly, representing the 21st Legislative District from 2003 to 2022, where he was the Assembly Republican Leader from January 2012 to January 2022. He was appointed to the Assembly in 2003 to fill the unexpired term of the vacancy created upon the selection of Thomas Kean Jr. to fill an unexpired New Jersey Senate term. He was elected to a full two-year term later that year and was re-elected in 2005, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2013, 2015, 2017, and 2019. He was elected to the New Jersey Senate in 2021 and was re-elected in 2023.

In January 2024, Bramnick announced he was running for Governor of New Jersey in 2025, but lost in the primary with 6.2% of the vote. Bramnick is a moderate, anti-Donald Trump Republican.

2021 New Jersey Senate election
The 2021 New Jersey State Senate election was held on November 2, 2021. New Jersey voters elected state senators in all of the state's legislative districts for a two-year term to the New Jersey Senate. Republicans flipped the 3rd and 8th districts, and Democrats flipped the 16th. This was the first election since 1991 where Republicans posted a net gain of state Senate seats. Democrats would later be restored to 25 seats following the party switch of Samuel D. Thompson in 2023.
Dieter Kühn
Dieter Kühn (born 4 July 1956) is a German former association footballer who won the silver medal with the East Germany national team at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, Soviet Union and obtained a total of thirteen caps scoring five goals.

Football at the 1980 Summer Olympics
The football tournament at the 1980 Summer Olympics started on 20 July and ended on 2 August. Only one event, the men's tournament, was contested. Seven qualified countries did not participate, joining the American-led boycott in protest of the December 1979 Soviet invasion of Afghanistan.

Sixteen teams were divided into four groups:

Group A (USSR, Cuba, Venezuela, Zambia)

Group B (Colombia, Kuwait, Nigeria, Czechoslovakia)

Group C (Algeria, Spain, GDR, Syria)

Group D (Costa Rica, Finland, Iraq, Yugoslavia)

In the technical report following the competition, FIFA reported that: "Compared with the 1979 World Youth Tournament in Japan and the 1978 World Cup finals in Argentina, the standard of football at the Olympic Football Tournament was generally of an inferior quality".

The tournament was primarily hosted by Moscow and Leningrad in the Russian SFSR, with some group stage games in Kiev, Ukrainian SSR and Minsk, Byelorussian SSR.
Shining Solo
Shining Solo (Korean: 빛 나는 Solo) is a South Korean reality television show in the format of a dating show revolved around the members of K-pop boy band Treasure and a cast of female individuals. It was broadcast on SBS on March 3, 2024, and is simultaneously aired on OTT platforms in Japan, Taiwan, and Thailand. It is also available for streaming on Wavve in South Korea and on Viki and YouTube in selected regions.

Rakuten Viki
Rakuten Viki is an American over-the-top subscription video on-demand streaming service. It streams videos similar to other services, but also allows users to subtitle content available in 200 languages as well as providing original programming. Headquartered in San Mateo, California, it has offices in Singapore, Tokyo, Japan, and Seoul, South Korea.

The name Viki is a portmanteau of the words video and wiki, drawing on the latter's use of volunteers for content management. The company won the Crunchie award for best international start-up company in January 2011.
James Shaw (Canadian politician)
James Shaw (1798 – 6 February 1878) was a businessman and political figure in Canada West and Ontario.

He was born in New Ross, Ireland in 1798 and was educated in Dublin. He came to Upper Canada in 1820. He served as a clerk for the settlements at Lanark-on-Clyde and Perth and later served as an overseer during the construction of the Rideau Canal. He served in the local militias, becoming lieutenant colonel in 1860. He opened a store and blacksmith shop in Smiths Falls. In 1851, he was elected to the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada for Lanark; he was reelected in South Lanark in 1854 but was defeated in 1857. In 1860, he was elected to the Legislative Council and served until 1867 when he was named to the Senate of Canada. He died in Smiths Falls in 1878.

Lanark County
Lanark County is a county and census division located in the Canadian province of Ontario. Its county seat is Perth, which was first settled in 1816 and was known as a social and political capital before being overshadowed by a city known today as Ottawa.

Most European settlements of the county began in 1816, when Drummond, Beckwith and Bathurst townships were named and initially surveyed. The first farm north of the Rideau was cleared and settled somewhat earlier, in 1790. The county took its name from the town of Lanark in Scotland. Nearly all the townships were named after British public and military figures from the era of early settlement.
Luis Villegas
Luis Villegas (born July 28, 1969) is an American guitarist who released an album called Cafe Olé in 1996, which was nominated for the Best New Album award at the 41st Annual Grammy Awards in 1999. Villegas's style combines new-age music, flamenco, and jazz. He is known for using a technique of playing fast, intricate lines by using the fingernail of his right index finger in place of a guitar pick. He also had a small role as a member of a band in the film Collateral starring Tom Cruise and Jamie Foxx. He is currently a member of the group Heavy Mellow, along with founder Benjamin Woods and percussionist Mike Bennett.

Steve Reid
Steve Reid (January 29, 1944 – April 13, 2010) was an American jazz drummer who played with Ornette Coleman, James Brown, Fela Kuti, Kieran Hebden, and Sun Ra. He worked as a session drummer for Motown.
The Simpsons season 24
The twenty-fourth season of the American animated sitcom The Simpsons aired on Fox between September 30, 2012, and May 19, 2013. The season was produced by Gracie Films and 20th Century Fox Television. This was the first of two new seasons ordered by Fox. The primary showrunner for the season was Al Jean.  It was the last season to air while 20th Century Fox was still part of News Corporation, as on June 28, 2013, various entertainment assets of News Corporation were spun off into a new company called 21st Century Fox, with News Corporation retaining its print assets and Australian media assets.

The season was nominated for two Emmy Awards, winning one, for two Writers Guild of America Awards, winning one, and for two Annie Awards.

Animated sitcom
An animated sitcom is a subgenre of a Western television sitcom that is animated, and is usually made or created for adult audiences. The Simpsons, Family Guy, South Park, SpongeBob SquarePants, American Dad! and King of the Hill are six of the longest-running American animated sitcoms.
Huta Drewniana-Kolonia
Huta Drewniana-Kolonia [ˈxuta drɛvˈɲana kɔˈlɔɲa] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kobiele Wielkie, within Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) south-east of Kobiele Wielkie, 18 km (11 mi) east of Radomsko, and 87 km (54 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Radomsko
Radomsko (pronounced [raˈdɔmskɔ] ⓘ) is a city in south-central Poland with 44,700 inhabitants (2021). It is situated on the Radomka river in the Łódź Voivodeship. It is the county seat of Radomsko County.

Founded in the 11th century, Radomsko is a former royal city located within the Sieradz Land, which prospered as a trade center due to its location at the intersection of important trade routes. In the 14th century, it was the site of congresses at which Princess Jadwiga of Poland was chosen as Queen of Poland as the country's first female monarch. Due to particularly strong partisan resistance against German occupiers during World War II, it was dubbed Banditenstadt ("City of Bandits") by the Germans.

It is located on the main railway line connecting Warsaw and Katowice, the country's two largest metropolitan areas, and on the main highway connecting Gdańsk and Łódź with Katowice, part of the European route E75.
Trolleybuses in Grimsby
The Grimsby trolleybus system once served the seaport of Grimsby, in Lincolnshire, England.  Opened on 3 October 1926 (1926-10-03), it gradually replaced part of the Great Grimsby Street Tramways, a tramway that had served both Grimsby and the neighbouring holiday resort of Cleethorpes. It was closed on 4 June 1960 (1960-06-04).

By the standards of the various now defunct trolleybus systems in the United Kingdom, the Grimsby system was a small one, with a total of only two routes, and a maximum fleet of just 19 trolleybuses.

Leiston
Leiston (/ˈleɪstən/ LAY-stən) is a town and civil parish in the East Suffolk district of Suffolk, England. It is close to Saxmundham and Aldeburgh, 21 miles (34 km) north-east of Ipswich and 90 miles (145 km) north-east of London. The town had a population of 5,508 at the 2011 Census.
Diphenylbutadiyne
Diphenylbutadiyne is the hydrocarbon with the formula (C6H5C2)2.  It is a member of the diyne chemical class and can be made via the Glaser coupling of phenylacetylene However, a variety of other synthesis methods have been developed.

Diphenylbutadiyne forms a variety of metal-alkyne complexes.  One example is the organonickel complex (C5H5Ni)4C4(C6H5)2.

Organonickel chemistry
Organonickel chemistry is a branch of organometallic chemistry that deals with organic compounds featuring nickel-carbon bonds. They are used as a catalyst, as a building block in organic chemistry and in chemical vapor deposition. Organonickel compounds are also short-lived intermediates in organic reactions. The first organonickel compound was nickel tetracarbonyl Ni(CO)4, reported in 1890 and quickly applied in the Mond process for nickel purification.  Organonickel complexes are prominent in numerous industrial processes including carbonylations, hydrocyanation, and the Shell higher olefin process.
Sasca Montană
Sasca Montană (Hungarian: Szászkabánya) is a commune in Caraș-Severin County, western Romania with a population of 1887 people. It is composed of five villages: Bogodinț (Bogorfalva), Potoc (Potok), Sasca Montană, Sasca Română (Szászka) and Slatina-Nera (Néraszlatina).

Caraș-Severin County
Caraș-Severin (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈkaraʃ seveˈrin] ⓘ) is a county (județ) of Romania on the border with Serbia. The majority of its territory lies within the historical region of Banat, with a few northeastern villages considered part of Transylvania. The county seat is Reșița. The Caraș-Severin county is part of the Danube–Criș–Mureș–Tisa Euroregion.
Matey Kaziyski
Matey Iliyanov Kaziyski (Bulgarian: Матей Илиянов Казийски; born 23 September 1984) is a Bulgarian professional volleyball player, member of Bulgaria men's national volleyball team during 2003–2012 and Italian club Trentino Volley, a participant of the Olympic Games Beijing 2008, bronze medalist of the World Championship 2006, World Cup 2007 and European Championship 2009. He is a multiple winner of the CEV Champions League and FIVB Volleyball Men's Club World Championship with the Italian club Trentino Volley.

Halkbank (men's volleyball)
Halkbank Ankara is a professional men's volleyball team based in Ankara, Turkey and sponsored by the state-owned Halkbank. It was founded on 21 July 1983 as Halkbank Spor Kulübü with blue, white and red colors. Halkbank Ankara plays in the Turkish Men's Volleyball League and in the CEV Champions League.
Wolfe duality
In mathematical optimization, Wolfe duality, named after Philip Wolfe, is type of dual problem in which the objective function and constraints are all differentiable functions.  Using this concept a lower bound for a minimization problem can be found because of the weak duality principle.

Mathematical optimization
Mathematical optimization (alternatively spelled optimisation) or mathematical programming is the selection of a best element, with regard to some criteria, from some set of available alternatives. It is generally divided into two subfields: discrete optimization and continuous optimization. Optimization problems arise in all quantitative disciplines from computer science and engineering to operations research and economics, and the development of solution methods has been of interest in mathematics for centuries.

In the more general approach, an optimization problem consists of maximizing or minimizing a real function by systematically choosing input values from within an allowed set and computing the value of the function. The generalization of optimization theory and techniques to other formulations constitutes a large area of applied mathematics.
Queen Anne pistol
Queen Anne pistols are a type of breech-loading flintlock pistol known as a turn-off pistol, in which the chamber is filled from the front and accessed by unscrewing the barrel.  Another distinguishing feature of the design is that the lock-plate and the breech section (chamber) of the firearm are forged as a single piece. Possibly first made in England, they came in fashion in England during the reign of Queen Anne (reigned 1702–1714) and are consequently so named.  This type of pistol is noted for being made small, so that it could be easily carried and concealed.  Carbines of this design are also documented.

Carbine
A carbine (/ˈkɑːrbiːn/ KAR-been or /ˈkɑːrbaɪn/ KAR-byn) is a long gun that has a barrel shortened from its original length. Most modern carbines are rifles that are compact versions of a longer rifle or are rifles chambered for less powerful cartridges.

The smaller size and lighter weight of carbines make them easier to handle. They are typically issued to high-mobility troops such as special operations soldiers and paratroopers, as well as to mounted, artillery, logistics, or other non-infantry personnel whose roles do not require full-sized rifles, although there is a growing tendency for carbines to be issued to front-line soldiers to offset the increasing weight of other issued equipment. An example of this is the M4 carbine, the standard issue carbine of the United States Armed Forces.
Hubert Humphreys
George Hubert Humphreys (14 July 1878 – 4 October 1967) was a British socialist activist.

Humphreys was educated at King Edward's Grammar School in Aston, before becoming a blacksmith, then working as an actor for three years.  In 1912, he became the managing director of the Midland Fan Company, holding this position for the remainder of his life.

Humphreys became interested in socialism and in 1917, he joined the Fabian Society.  He served on its executive on numerous occasions, and also as director of its summer school.  He was also chair of the National Clarion Fellowship.

At the 1935 United Kingdom general election, Humphreys stood unsuccessfully as the Labour Party candidate for Birmingham Ladywood.  He was elected to Birmingham City Council in 1937, becoming an alderman in 1945.  In 1949/50, he served as Lord Mayor of Birmingham.

Aston
Aston is an area of inner Birmingham, in the metropolitan West Midlands of England, and historically within Warwickshire. Located immediately to the north-west of Central Birmingham, Aston constitutes a ward within the metropolitan authority. Prior to 1911, it was an independent parish, separate to Birmingham, known as Aston-juxta-Birmingham. It is approximately 1.5 miles (2.4 km) from Birmingham City Centre.
Jesse Parete
Jesse Parete (born 20 April 1993) is a New Zealand rugby union player for the Highlanders in Super Rugby. His position is in the back row. He also plays for the New England Free Jacks in Major League Rugby (MLR) in the United States.

Parete made his Super Rugby debut vs the Jaguares in Round 12, scoring a try in the final minutes of the match.

Major League Rugby
Major League Rugby (MLR) is a professional rugby union competition in the United States. The league comprises 6 teams. While operating outside of the governance and oversight of the national governing body, the league is officially sanctioned by USA Rugby—a member union of Rugby Americas North (RAN)—and is consequently part of World Rugby.

MLR was founded in 2017 and is headquartered in Dallas, Texas. The league began its first season in 2018 with seven teams. MLR has since expanded, reaching an all-time high of thirteen teams in the 2022 season, including one team in Canada. Twelve teams competed in the 2024 season.

In 2020, Major League Rugby implemented its first collegiate MLR Draft in 2020 and its teams began forming youth academies.
Wapsipinicon River
The Wapsipinicon River (/wɒpsɪˈpɪnɪkɒn, -kən/, locally known as the Wapsi) is a tributary of the Mississippi River, approximately 300 miles (480 km) long, starting near the southeastern border of Minnesota and running through northeastern Iowa in the United States. It drains a rural farming region of rolling hills and bluffs north of Waterloo and Cedar Rapids.

Waterloo, Iowa
Waterloo is a city in and the county seat of Black Hawk County, Iowa, United States. It is the eighth-most populous city in Iowa, with a population of 67,314 at the 2020 census. Waterloo comprises a twin conurbation with neighboring municipality Cedar Falls, and is the larger of the two cities. The Waterloo – Cedar Falls metropolitan area has an estimated 170,000 residents.

Waterloo is a major manufacturing, commercial, and cultural center in Northeast Iowa. John Deere, a brand renowned for its tractors, engines, and other agricultural machinery, has been manufacturing its products in the city for over a century. Locally known as the “Factory City,” Waterloo has played a significant role in the production of these important agricultural tools. Waterloo is bisected by the Cedar River flowing southeastward.