hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Affordable College Textbook Act
The Affordable College Textbook Act is a United States legislative bill intended to support use of open textbooks. It was introduced on April 4, 2019, to the 116th Congress by four senators (Dick Durbin of Illinois, Angus King of Maine, Kyrsten Sinema of Arizona, Tina Smith of Minnesota), and one representative (Joe Neguse of Colorado). Organizations supporting the bill include the American Federation of Teachers, the American Association of Community Colleges, the Association of Research Libraries, and Creative Commons.

Bill (law)
A bill is a proposal for a new law, or a proposal to substantially alter an existing law.

A bill does not become law until it has been passed by the legislature and, in most cases, approved by the head of state (sometimes the executive).

Bills are introduced in the legislature and are there discussed, debated on, and voted upon.  Once a bill has been enacted into law by the legislature, it is called an act of the legislature, or a statute.
Table No. 21
Table No. 21 is a 2013 Indian Hindi language thriller film directed by Aditya Datt and produced by Eros International.It is named after Article 21 of the Indian Constitution, which talks about the protection of life and personal liberty. The film features Paresh Rawal, Rajeev Khandelwal and Tina Desai and touches upon the pertinent social issue of ragging. The film's soundtrack was composed by Gajendra Verma, Neeraj Shridhar and Sachin Gupta.

Gajendra Verma
Gajendra Verma (born 20 April 1990) is an Indian singer, songwriter, music composer, and sound engineer, known for his contributions to the Indian pop music industry. His debut single, "Emptiness (Tune Mere Jaana)," gained attention in 2010-11, which helped establish his presence as an independent artist in India. Gajendra has since released several other tracks, including "Phir Suna," "Mann Mera," "Ik Kahani," and "Tera Ghata."
Jorge Brovetto
Jorge Brovetto (14 February 1933 – 8 June 2019) was a Uruguayan chemical engineer, academic and politician.

He successively served as President of the Broad Front, as Rector of the University of the Republic, and as Minister of Education and Culture.

University of the Republic (Uruguay)
The University of the Republic (Spanish: Universidad de la República, sometimes UdelaR) is a public research university in Montevideo, Uruguay. It is the country's oldest and largest university, as well as one of the largest public universities in South America in terms of enrollment. Established in 1849, it has educated the vast majority of Uruguay's professionals throughout history and has maintained a leading role in advancing academic research and higher education.

The University of the Republic enrolls more than 140,000 students and is organized into 16 independent faculties. It administers 7 university schools and scientific institutes, the Hospital Clinic Manuel Quintela, as well as three regional university centers that serve different parts of the country.
Arthur Meaby
Arthur James Meaby (5 October 1935 – 19 September 2003) was a British engineer who was active with the Youth Hostels Association. He served on the Youth Hostels Association National Executive Committee from 1975 to 2002 and was the City Hostels Executive. He was noted for establishing many city hostels throughout England and Wales.

Youth Hostels Association (England & Wales)
The Youth Hostels Association (England & Wales) is a charitable organisation, registered with the Charity Commission, providing youth hostel accommodation in England and Wales. It is a member of the Hostelling International federation.
The Secret Sisters
The Secret Sisters is an Americana singing and songwriting duo consisting of vocalists Laura Rogers and Lydia Slagle (née Rogers). The duo's music has been compared to artists like the Everly Brothers.

Dave Cobb
Dave Cobb (born July 9, 1974) is an American record producer based in Nashville, Tennessee, best known for producing the work of Chris Stapleton, Brandi Carlile, John Prine, Sturgill Simpson, Jason Isbell, The Highwomen, Take That, Rival Sons, The Oak Ridge Boys, Shooter Jennings, and Zayn Malik.  Cobb contributed to the six million-selling 2018 A Star Is Born soundtrack and produced "Always Remember Us This Way" for Lady Gaga.
Tout à Fait
Restaurant Rotisserie Tout à Fait is a restaurant in Maastricht, Netherlands. It is a fine dining restaurant that was awarded one Michelin star in 2002 and retained that rating until present.

In 2013, GaultMillau awarded the restaurant 16 out of 20 points.

Owner and head chef of Tout à Fait is Bart Ausems.

Tout à Fait is a member of Alliance Gastronomique Néerlandaise since 2008.

In 2012, owner Bart Ausems opened Bistro Boeuf la Roche, a bistro located next door (Sint Bernardusstraat 20). This bistro centres on the free-range beef of the Boeuf la Roche, a type of cattle mainly raised in the Ardennes. The food for this bistro comes out of the kitchen of Tout à Fait.

Gault Millau
Gault et Millau (French pronunciation: [ɡo e mijo]), formerly Le Nouveau Guide Gault-Millau is a French restaurant guide. It was founded by two restaurant critics, Henri Gault and Christian Millau, in 1969 and sold to the magazine Le Point in 1983.
Institute of Technology Assessment
The Institute of Technology Assessment (ITA; German: Institut für Technikfolgen-Abschätzung) is a research unit of the Austrian Academy of Sciences in Vienna.

The ITA is the only institution in Austria that is entirely devoted to technology assessment (TA). Together with its partner Austrian Institute of Technology, it advises the Austrian Parliament. The institute organises for many years the internationally renowned annual TA conferences in Vienna. Moreover, it serves as a national and international networking node of the TA community. ITA is a full member of the European Parliamentary Technology Assessment (EPTA) network, is a founding member of the German-speaking Network NTA (Netzwerk Technikfolgenabschätzung) and of the globalTA network and is, since 2008, a member of the European Technology Assessment Group (ETAG).

Austrian Parliament
The Austrian Parliament (German: Parlament Österreich) is the bicameral federal legislature of Austria. It consists of two chambers – the National Council and the Federal Council. In specific cases, both houses convene as the Federal Assembly. The legislature meets in the Austrian Parliament Building in Vienna.
Brighouse, Richmond
Brighouse is a neighbourhood that comprises most of the urban core of Richmond in Metro Vancouver. The area includes community facilities, civic offices, Richmond Centre, and the Canada Line Richmond–Brighouse station terminus.

Minoru Park
Minoru Park is a park located on the site of a former horse-racing track and airstrip in Richmond, British Columbia.

The park's running track is often used by School District 38 Richmond for school competitions, such as track and field. The area is home to the Minoru Arenas, Minoru Track, Minoru Aquatic Centre and Richmond Cultural Centre (which in turn houses the Richmond Public Library's main branch, City of Richmond Archives, Richmond Art Gallery and Richmond Museum). All these facilities account for the bulk of community services offered by the city.

Minoru was one of the first major aviation hubs in Western Canada.
Crown of Ancient Glory
Crown of Ancient Glory is an adventure module for the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game. It was published by TSR in 1987, and designed by Stephen Bourne. Its cover art is by Keith Parkinson, with interior art by Chris Miller and cartography by Dave S. LaForce. The module's associated code is X13 and its TSR product code is TSR 9218. This module was developed and intended for use with the Dungeons & Dragons Expert Set and Companion Set rules.

David S. LaForce
David "Diesel" S. LaForce is an American artist who worked on Dungeons & Dragons adventures published by TSR. His artwork and cartography appeared in many TSR products produced from 1979 to 1984 including the classic adventures Q1 Queen of the Demonweb Pits, A1 Slave Pits of the Undercity, and B2 Keep on the Borderlands (the most published roleplaying adventure of all time). LaForce became known for his meticulous and creative approach to adventure maps, and eventually became TSR's staff cartographer. He continued to produce maps for many TSR publications until he left the company in 1997 following its takeover by Wizards of the Coast.
Modular Debugger
The modular debugger (mdb) is an extensible, low-level debugger developed by Sun Microsystems for the Solaris 7 operating system. It is now open sourced, under the Common Development and Distribution License (CDDL).

Its source code is now available in all open source derivatives of Solaris, such as Illumos.

Common Development and Distribution License
The Common Development and Distribution License (CDDL) is a free and open-source software license, produced by Sun Microsystems, based on the Mozilla Public License (MPL). Files licensed under the CDDL can be combined with files licensed under other licenses, whether open source or proprietary. In 2005 the Open Source Initiative approved the license. The Free Software Foundation (FSF) considers it a free software license, but one which is incompatible with the GNU General Public License (GPL).
KALB-TV
KALB-TV (channel 5) is a television station in Alexandria, Louisiana, United States, affiliated with NBC, CBS and The CW Plus. Owned by Gray Media, the station maintains studios on Washington Street in downtown Alexandria, and its transmitter is located in Forest Hill.

Susan G. Komen for the Cure
Susan G. Komen (formerly known as Susan G. Komen for the Cure; originally as The Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation; often referred to simply as Komen) is a breast cancer organization in the United States.

Komen conducts activities in research funding, patient navigation, advocacy, and patient care services related to breast cancer. They have funded research into the causes and treatment of breast cancer. The organization has faced scrutiny over funding, CEO pay, and public perception since 2010.
Andrey Ashchev
Andrey Viktorovich Ashchev  (Russian: Андрей Викторович Ащев; born 10 May 1983) is a Russian male volleyball player. He was part of the Russia men's national volleyball team at the 2014 FIVB Volleyball Men's World Championship in Poland. He played for Zenit Kazan. Andrey with national team winner of  World league 2013 and Championship Europe 2013.

Russia men's national volleyball team
The Russia men's national volleyball team is governed by the Russian Volleyball Federation and took part in international volleyball competitions.

FIVB considers Russia as the inheritor of the records of Soviet Union (1948–1991) and CIS (1992).
The USSR Volleyball Federation joined the FIVB in 1948, a year after the foundation of the international governing body. The following year they sent a team to compete in the first FIVB Men’s World Championship and have been dominating the international scene ever since, having won six World Championships, four Olympic Games, six World Cups and 14 European Championships (medals of Russian and the Soviet union combined).

On 28 February 2022, following the Russian invasion of Ukraine and in accordance with a "recommendation" by the International Olympic Committee (IOC), FIVB and CEV suspended the participation of Russia in their competitions.
Angelė Rupšienė
Angelė Rupšienė (née Jankūnaitė; born 27 June 1952 in Vilnius, Lithuania) is a retired Lithuanian professional basketball player, who most notably played for BC Kibirkštis Vilnius. She won two gold medals in the 1976 Montreal Olympics and 1980 Moscow Olympics, three gold medals during European Championship and two gold medals during World Championship, playing for Soviet Union national basketball team.

Basketball at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Basketball at the 1980 Summer Olympics was the tenth appearance of the sport of basketball as an official Olympic medal event. It was held from July 20 to July 30 at the Olympiiski Indoor Stadium and at the CSKA Sports Palace, both located in Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union. Finals of men's events were held 30 July at the Olympiiski Indoor Stadium.

Due to the American-led boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympics, the United States and other nations withdrew from the tournament. The 1980 Olympics marked the second time (after a controversy in 1972) that the United States men's team did not win the gold medal in Olympic basketball;  Yugoslavia won gold in the men's tournament and the Soviet Union in the women's competition.
Portrait of Sheila
Portrait of Sheila is the 1963 debut album of American jazz singer Sheila Jordan, released by Blue Note Records. In the 1963 DownBeat magazine Critics Poll, she was ranked first in the vocal category for "Talent Deserving Wider Recognition". She did not record again as a leader for more than a dozen years.

I'm a Fool to Want You
"I'm a Fool to Want You" is a 1951 song composed by Frank Sinatra, Jack Wolf, and Joel Herron. Frank Sinatra co-wrote the lyrics and released the song as a Columbia Records single.  The ballad is considered a pop and jazz standard.
Fred Cray
Fred Cray (born 1957) is an American multimedia artist based in Brooklyn, New York whose first solo show, in 2000, of his photographs were described by The New York Times as "lush, gaudy and ethereal Technicolor spirit photographs", and whose works are now contained in the collections of many major art institutions, including the Brooklyn Museum, the Center for Photography at Woodstock, New York Public Library, and the George Eastman Museum.

George Eastman Museum
The George Eastman Museum, also referred to as George Eastman House and the International Museum of Photography and Film, is a photography museum, located on the grounds of the George Eastman's estate in Rochester, New York. Opened to the public in 1949, is the oldest museum dedicated to photography and one of the world's oldest film archives.

Known for its collections in the fields of photography and cinema, the museum is also a leader in film preservation and photograph conservation, educating archivists and conservators from around the world. Home to the 500-seat Dryden Theatre, the museum is located on the estate of entrepreneur and philanthropist George Eastman, the founder of Eastman Kodak Company. The estate was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1966.
Tell Massas
Tell Massas (Arabic: تل مساس), also known as Barwar (برور), is a village near Tell Tamer in western al-Hasakah Governorate, northeastern Syria. Administratively it belongs to the Nahiya Tell Tamer.

The village is inhabited by Assyrians belonging to the Assyrian Church of the East. At the 2004 census, it had a population of 231.

Tell Tamer Subdistrict
Tell Tamer Subdistrict (Arabic: ناحية تل تمر)  is a subdistrict of al-Hasakah District in western al-Hasakah Governorate, northeastern Syria. The administrative centre is the city of Tell Tamer.

At the 2004 census, the subdistrict had a population of 50,982. Assyrians from the Assyrian Church of the East constitute about 40% of the population of this district, with the rest being Kurds and Arabs. It is the headquarter of the Assyrian Khabour Guards and Nattoreh militias, as well as the location of a large Syriac Orthodox Monastery.
1996 Great American Insurance ATP Championships
The 1996 Great American Insurance ATP Championships was a tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 95th edition of the Cincinnati Masters and was part of the Mercedes Super 9 of the 1996 ATP Tour. It took place at the Lindner Family Tennis Center in Mason, Ohio in the United States from August 5 through August 11, 1996.

The tournament had previously appeared as part of Tier III of the WTA Tour but no event was held from 1989 to 2003.

ATP Masters 1000 tournaments
The ATP Masters 1000 tournaments, also known as Masters 1000 or ATP 1000 events, are an annual series of nine tennis tournaments featuring the top-ranked players on the ATP Tour since its inception in 1990. The ATP 1000 tournaments, sitting below the Grand Slam tournaments and the year-end championships, make up the most coveted trophies on the annual ATP Tour calendar. In addition to the quadrennial Summer Olympics, they are collectively known as the 'Big Titles'.
Novak Djokovic holds the record for the most ATP 1000 singles titles with 40. By completing the career set of all nine current ATP 1000 series singles titles in 2018, Djokovic became the first and only player to achieve the career Golden Masters. In 2020, Djokovic completed a second career Golden Masters.
In doubles, the Bryan brothers (Bob and Mike) won a record 39 doubles titles as a team. Daniel Nestor and the Bryan brothers are the only doubles players to achieve the career Golden Masters.
Energy policy of Romania
Romania is the 38th largest energy consumer in the world and the largest in South Eastern Europe as well as an important producer of natural gas, oil and coal in Europe.

The total energy consumption of Romania was in 2005 40.5 million toe structured as follows:

36.4% – natural gas

25.1% – oil and derivates

22.4% – coal and coke

16.1% – hydro and others

Greenhouse gas-wise, Romania is slightly greener than neighbouring countries due to its hydroelectric, nuclear and increasingly its wind plants. The Romanian government encourages further greenhouse gas emissions reductions through strong support to nuclear power as well as renewable energies in accordance with European and international experts.

Extraction of petroleum
Petroleum is a fossil fuel that can be drawn from beneath the Earth's surface. Reservoirs of petroleum are formed through the mixture of plants, algae, and sediments in shallow seas under high pressure. Petroleum is mostly recovered from oil drilling. Seismic surveys and other methods are used to locate oil reservoirs. Oil rigs and oil platforms are used to drill long holes into the earth to create an oil well and extract petroleum. After extraction, oil is refined to make gasoline and other products such as tires and refrigerators. Extraction of petroleum can be dangerous and has led to oil spills.
Lancaster Volunteer Ambulance Corps
The Lancaster Volunteer Ambulance Corps, also known as the LVAC & simply as Lancaster Ambulance is a not-for-profit (501c3) EMS agency in Lancaster, New York. The Corps primary response area is the Village & Town of Lancaster, the Village of Depew and the Village & Town of Alden, New York.  It also responds to areas via mutual aid agreements and requests for service. LVAC responds 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. The LVAC is a combination EMS agency, having a career staff on duty 24/7 and supplemented by a volunteer staff. Lancaster Ambulance covers a population of about 90,000 people in a geographic area of approximately 83 square miles and responds to over 6,000 EMS requests a year. 
The Lancaster Volunteer Ambulance Corps is dispatched by the Lancaster Police Department and receives online medical direction through the Erie County Medical Center.

Erie County Medical Center
Erie County Medical Center (ECMC) is a hospital with 550 beds located in the East Side of Buffalo, New York and a member of the Great Lakes Health System. It is the primary teaching hospital for the University at Buffalo. It is also a New York State public-benefit corporation.
Iêda Maria Vargas
Iêda Maria Brutto Vargas (December 31, 1944 – December 22, 2025) was a Brazilian actress and beauty queen who was crowned Miss Universe in Miami Beach, Florida in 1963. Previously, she was Miss Brazil and was crowned by Maria Olívia Rebouças. She was the first person from her country to win a major international beauty pageant. Vargas was a native of Rio Grande do Sul. During her term she opened the Capital Plaza Mall in Landover Hills, Maryland, a suburb of Washington, D.C.

Iêda Maria Vargas died in Gramado, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil on December 22, 2025 at the age of 80.

Gramado
Gramado is a municipality in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. It is located in the Serra Gaúcha region. The city was originally settled by Azorean descendants and later received a contingent of German and Italian immigrants. Gramado is one of the cities along the scenic route known as Rota Romântica.
Haworthiopsis tessellata
Haworthiopsis tessellata, formerly Haworthia tessellata, is a species of the genus Haworthiopsis belonging to the family Asphodelaceae. It has been considered a subspecies of its close relative, Haworthiopsis venosa.

Asphodelaceae
Asphodelaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Asparagales. Such a family has been recognized by most taxonomists, but the circumscription has varied widely. In its current circumscription in the APG IV system, it includes about 40 genera and 900 known species. The type genus is Asphodelus.

The family has a wide, but scattered, distribution throughout the tropics and temperate zones; for example, Xanthorrhoea is endemic to Australia, while the Aloes are unique to Africa and parts of the Arabian Peninsula. Many of the family's genera are cultivated as ornamentals, with some being highly collectible and sought-after, such as Haworthia and Gasteria, as well as their intergeneric hybrids with Aloe (x Gasteraloe, x Gastorthia, x Haworthaloe, etc.), while a few are grown commercially for cut flowers. Two species of Aloe, A. vera and A. maculata, are grown for their leaf sap, which contains digestive enzymes, and has medicinal and cosmetic applications.
Lany Tounka
Lany Tounka (or Lani Tounka) is a small town and main settlement (chef-lieu) of the commune of Sony in the Cercle of Kayes in the Kayes Region of south-western Mali. The town lies on the south bank of the Senegal River 73 km northwest of Kayes.

Kayes Region
Kayes Region (Bambara: ߞߊߦߌ ߘߌߣߋߖߊ tr. Kayi Dineja, Arabic: منطقة كايس, romanized: minṭaqa Kāyas) is one of ten first level national subdivisions in Mali called Regions. It is the first administrative area of Mali and covers an area of 120,760 square kilometres or 46,630 square miles. Its capital is the town of Kayes. The province was historically part of the Ghana Empire and the Mali Empire.
Richard Gipps
Sir Richard Gipps (1659 – 21 December 1708) of Great Whelnetham, Suffolk, was Master of the Revels at Gray's Inn and a historian of the county of Suffolk. His portrait painted by John Closterman, was engraved in mezzotint by John Smith. Care should be taken to distinguish him from Sir Richard Gipps of Horningsheth, a contemporary, neighbour, and distant relative, who was knighted by Charles II at Saxham, Suffolk, on 20 October 1676.

John Closterman
John Closterman (also spelt Cloosterman, Klosterman; 1660 – 24 May 1711 (buried)) was a Westphalian portrait painter of the late 17th and early 18th centuries. His subjects were mostly European noblemen and their families.
2011 New Brunswick New Democratic Party leadership election
The New Brunswick New Democratic Party, a social democratic political party in the Canadian province of New Brunswick, scheduled a leadership election for April 16, 2011, following the resignation of previous leader Roger Duguay on October 25, 2010.

Although there were two candidates in the race, candidate Pierre Cyr withdrew from the race after he was given written notice that chief electoral officer Stephen Beam ruled that there were problems with his nomination papers. Dominic Cardy, the only remaining candidate at the close of nominations, was named as the new leader on March 2, 2011, concluding the electoral process.

Cyr subsequently announced that he was considering an appeal of his disqualification from the race, although he subsequently withdrew the appeal.

Roger Duguay
Roger Duguay is a former Canadian politician and Roman Catholic priest. He sought election to the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick unsuccessfully on four occasions as a representative of the New Brunswick New Democratic Party (NDP). He served as the New Brunswick NDP's leader from 2007 to 2010.