hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Wenman
William Wenman (22 May 1832 – 23 November 1921) was an English first-class cricketer active 1862–64 who played for Kent. The son of Ned Wenman, he was born in Benenden and died in Souris, Manitoba. He played in eleven first-class matches as a right-handed batsman, scoring 179 runs with a highest score of 29 and held 6 catches.

Benenden
Benenden is a village and civil parish in the borough of Tunbridge Wells in Kent, England. The parish is located on the Weald, 6 miles (10 km) to the west of Tenterden. In addition to the main village, Iden Green, East End, Dingleden and Standen Street settlements are included in the parish.

The parish church is dedicated to St George, and is a 19th-century building on the site of a medieval building destroyed in a fire. Benenden School, a private girls boarding school is located to the north of the village.
Dubois Museum
The Dubois Museum is a 3,850-square-foot (358 m2) museum preserving and interpreting the history of the Upper Wind River Valley and is located in the town of Dubois, Wyoming on U.S. Route 26 along the Wyoming Centennial Scenic Byway. The museum offers interpretive programs, exhibits, multi-media presentations, and special events.

Wyoming Centennial Scenic Byway
Wyoming Centennial Scenic Byway is a scenic byway that exists in Sublette, Teton, and Fremont counties in the U.S. state of Wyoming and extends from Pinedale, Wyoming for 163 miles (262 km) to Dubois, Wyoming.
Kuchellapadu
Kuchellapadu is a village in the Guntur district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located in Vemuru mandal of Tenali revenue division, 12 km from the mandal and division headquarters of Tenali.

Tenali
Tenali is a city in Guntur district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is a municipality, and the headquarters of Tenali mandal and Tenali revenue division. The city is renowned for art, culture, drama, and hence, it is called "Andhra Paris". It is one of the twelve urban local bodies in Andhra Pradesh Capital Region and the twelfth most populous town in the state, with a population of 199,345 as of 2011. Tenali town is also part of Andhra Pradesh Capital Region Development Authority (APCRDA).

Tenali Rama, one of the jesters and eight poets of the early 16th century Vijayanagara ruler  Krishnadevaraya, hailed from Tenali.
Beta Lacertae
Beta Lacertae (Beta Lac, β Lacertae, β Lac) is the fourth-brightest star in the constellation of Lacerta. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 19.19 mas, it is 170 light-years distant from Earth. At that distance, the visual magnitude is diminished by an extinction factor of 0.17 due to interstellar dust.

This is an evolved G-type giant with an apparent visual magnitude of approximately 4.43. It is a red clump star and the primary component of a suspected binary system, with the pair having an angular separation of 0.2 arcsecond.

Angular distance
Angular distance or angular separation is the measure of the angle between the orientation of two straight lines, rays, or vectors in three-dimensional space, or the central angle subtended by the radii through two points on a sphere. When the rays are lines of sight from an observer to two points in space, it is known as the apparent distance or apparent separation.

Angular distance appears in mathematics (in particular geometry and trigonometry) and all natural sciences (e.g., kinematics, astronomy, and geophysics). In the classical mechanics of rotating objects, it appears alongside angular velocity, angular acceleration, angular momentum, moment of inertia and torque.
Maria Pia Mastena
Blessed Maria Pia Mastena (7 December 1881 - 28 June 1951) - born Teresa Maria - was an Italian religious sister in the Roman Catholic Church. She was the founder of the Religious Sisters of the Holy Face. Mastena fostered a deep devotion to the Holy Face of Jesus and tried to promote that devotion to others in her religious career as a nun. Mastena first desired the contemplative life, but she was denied this after she entered the convent, since it was not a cloister. Instead, she dedicated herself to teaching in several Italian cities after leaving another convent and another religious order when she deemed contemplative life was not what God wanted for her. Her labors were dedicated instead to consolidating a new religious congregation, which began to grow after World War II until Mastena's sudden death in 1951. Mastena was beatified on 13 November 2005.

Religious sister
A religious sister (abbreviated: Sr.) is a Christian woman who has taken public vows in a religious order dedicated to apostolic works. Though often referred to as nuns, they are canonically distinct. Nuns, religious sisters and canonesses all use the term "Sister" as a form of address. Religious sisters are found in various traditions of Christianity, particularly Catholicism, Evangelical Lutheranism and Anglicanism. In the Catholic Church, religious sisters are associated with a religious institute.
Golubić Hydroelectric Power Plant
Golubić Hydroelectric Power Plant is a hydroelectric power plant on river Butižnica located in Šibenik-Knin County, in central Dalmatia, Croatia.

The Golubić - Hydroelectric Power Plant is a small high-pressure diversion-type facility harnessing the Butišnica River water. The hydro plant is located 7 km north of the town of Knin, in the village of Golubić.

It is operated by Hrvatska elektroprivreda.

Hrvatska elektroprivreda
Hrvatska elektroprivreda (HEP Group) is a national power company in Croatia which has been engaged in electricity production, transmission and distribution for more than one century, and with heat supply and gas distribution for the past few decades. HEP Group is organized in the form of a holding company with a number of daughter companies.
Jantan
Jantan is a Malaysian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Juma'at Jantan (born 1984), Singaporean footballer

Khairul Hafiz Jantan (born 1998), Malaysian sprinter

Muhammad Hafizuddeain Jantan (born 1968), Malasyian general

Shahril Jantan (born 1980), Singaporean footballer

Muhammad Hafizuddeain Jantan
Muhammad Hafizuddeain bin Jantan (born 18 April 1968) is a Malaysian military officer who served as the 30th Chief of Army from September 2023 until December 2025, where he was succeeded by Azhan Md Othman. In December 2025, he was placed on leave amid an ongoing investigation by the Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission (MACC) on charges of corruption and money laundering. He previously served as the Deputy Chief of Army from April 2023 to September 2023.
Podosie, Lublin Voivodeship
Podosie [pɔˈdɔɕɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Krzywda, within Łuków County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland.

Podosie was the birthplace in 1719 of Gabriel Podoski, prince-archbishop of Poland and Lithuania

Gabriel Podoski
Gabriel Podoski was one of the Polish nobles in Russian service and supported their position. He was one of the leaders of the Radom Confederation, a supporter of the cardinal laws and a supporter of August III of Poland, opponent of king Stanisław August Poniatowski.
Robert L. Prestel
Robert Leo Prestel (born February 11, 1936) is an American intelligence official and mathematician  who was Deputy Director of the National Security Agency from 1990 to 1994, during which time he was the highest ranking civilian in the agency. Prestel joined the NSA in 1962 and held many positions prior to being appointed as deputy director, including Director of Education and Training from Deputy Director for Research and Engineering. Among other positions Prestel has served in include trustee for the Institute for Defense Analyses and on the Board of Directors of WJ Communications. He currently serves as trustee emeritus of Institute for Defense Analyses.

Awards Prestel has received for his service to the intelligence community include the President's Distinguished Executive Award in 1988; the Department of Defense Distinguished Civilian Service Award in 1988; and the National Intelligence Distinguished Service Medal in 1991.

Department of Defense Distinguished Civilian Service Award
The Department of Defense Distinguished Civilian Service Award is the highest civilian award given by the United States Department of Defense. This award and accompanying Distinguished Civilian Service Medal is the department's highest award given to career DoD civilian employees whose careers reflect exceptional devotion to duty and whose contributions to the efficiency, economy, or other improvements in DoD operations are of a significantly broad scope. This award has been bestowed annually to approximately 7 to 10 awardees (about 0.001%) of the DoD civilian workforce since the 1950's.
Reet (given name)
Reet is an Estonian feminine given name. It is a variant and often a diminutive of the given name Margareeta, a cognate of Margaret.

As of 1 January 2021, 2,833 women in Estonia have the first name Reet, making it the 46th most popular female name in the country. The name is most commonly found in Viljandi County, where 32.43 per 10,000 inhabitants of the county bear the name.

Individuals bearing the name Reet include:

Reet Aus (born 1974), Estonian fashion, theatre and film artist

Helle-Reet Helenurm (1944–2003), Estonian actress

Reet Jürvetson (1950–1969), Estonian-Canadian murder victim

Reet Kasik (born 1946), Estonian linguist

Reet Krusten (1934–2021), Estonian literary scholar

Reet Linna (born 1944), Estonian TV and radio journalist, singer and lyricist

Reet Palm (born 1959), Estonian rower and coach

Reet Roos (born 1973), Estonian politician

Reet Valgmaa (born 1952), Estonian badminton player

Helle-Reet Helenurm
Helle-Reet Helenurm (26 January 1944 – 23 February 2003) was an Estonian actress whose career began in 1968 in theatre. She also performed as a radio, television, and film actress until her death, aged 59, of cancer.
Texas & New Mexico Railway
The Texas & New Mexico Railway (reporting mark TXN) is a class III short-line railroad operating in west Texas and southeast New Mexico.  The railroad line operates on 111 miles of track from a connection with the Union Pacific at Monahans, Texas, and terminates at Lovington, New Mexico.  The railroad primarily provides freight service for the oilfields and related industries in the region.

Shortline railroad
A shortline railroad is a small or mid-sized railroad company that operates over a relatively short distance relative to larger, national railroad networks. The term is used primarily in the United States and Canada. In the former, railroads are categorized by operating revenue, and most shortline railroads fall into the Class III or Class II categorization defined by the Surface Transportation Board.
1985 Tour of the Basque Country
The 1985 Tour of the Basque Country was the 25th edition of the Tour of the Basque Country cycle race and was held from 1 April to 5 April 1985. The race started in Bera and finished in Erauskin. The race was won by Pello Ruiz Cabestany of the Orbea–Gin MG team.

Beasain
Beasain  is a town and municipality located in the Goierri region of the province of Gipuzkoa, in the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country, northern Spain. It has an important industry of railway vehicles and related equipment (CAF)  that exports its production around the world.

In 2015 it had a population of 13,980 inhabitants.
Captaincies of the Azores
The Captaincies of the Azores (Portuguese: Capitanias dos Açores) were the socio-political and administrative territorial divisions used to settle and govern the overseas lands of the Azores by the Kingdom of Portugal. These territories, a segment of the Captaincies of the Portuguese Empire, which usually conformed to the individual islands, allowing the stewardship of the King through the Donatary and Captaincy system.

Count of Vila Franca
The Count of Vila Franca (Portuguese: Conde de Vila Franca) was a title of nobility granted to a hereditary line of nobles from the island of São Miguel in the Portuguese archipelago of the Azores, most closely associated with the Câmara family. The title was first conferred to Rui Gonçalves da Câmara in 1583, and his branch of the Câmara family continued to hold the title until the loss of possessions and privileges suffered by Rodrigo da Câmara at the hands of the Inquisition in 1652.
Claude Hêche
Claude Hêche (French pronunciation: [klod ɛʃ]; born  20 December 1952) is a Swiss politician. He was a member of the Council of States from 2007 to 2019 and served as President of the National Council in the 2014-2015 session.

Hêche was elected to the Council of States by the Canton of Jura in 2007. He is a member of the Social Democratic Party (SPS/PSS). From 1995 to 2007, he was a member of the government of the canton of Jura.

Council of States (Switzerland)
The Council of States is a house of the Federal Assembly of Switzerland, the other house  being the National Council. As the powers of the houses are the same, it is sometimes called perfect bicameralism.

It comprises 46 members. Twenty of the country's cantons are represented by two councillors each. Six cantons, traditionally called "half cantons", are represented by one councillor each for historical reasons. These are Obwalden, Nidwalden, Basel-Stadt, Basel-Landschaft, Appenzell Ausserrhoden and Appenzell Innerrhoden. The councillors serve for four years, and are not bound in their vote to instructions from the cantonal authorities.
Ahmad El Najjar
Ahmad Elnaggar (Arabic: أحمد النجّار )  is the economist who pioneered the formation of the Islamic Banking system by setting up the Mit Ghamr Savings Bank in Egypt in 1963.

This took the form of a savings bank based on profit-sharing in the Egyptian town of Mit Ghamr. The experiment lasted until 1967, by which time there were nine such banks in the country. These banks, which neither charged nor paid interest (or riba in Islamic terminology), invested mostly by engaging in trade and industry, directly or in partnership with others, and shared the profits with their depositors. Thus they functioned in essence as saving-investment institutions rather than as commercial banks. Subsequently, The Nasir Social Bank, established in Egypt in 1971, was declared an interest-free commercial bank, although its charter and title made no reference to Islam or Sharia, for fear of being seen as a manifestation of Islamic fundamentalism which was anathema to the ruling regime of Egypt at the time.

Profit sharing
Profit sharing refers to various incentive plans introduced by businesses which provide direct or indirect payments to employees, often depending on the company's profitability, employees' regular salaries, and bonuses. In publicly traded companies, these plans typically amount to allocation of shares to employees.

The profit sharing plans are based on predetermined economic sharing rules that define the split of gains between the company as a principal and the employee as an agent. For example, suppose the profits are , which might be a random variable. Before knowing the profits, the principal and agent might agree on a sharing rule . Here, the agent will receive  and the principal will receive the residual gain .

Profit-sharing tends to lead to less conflict and more cooperation between labor and their employers.
Elections in Madagascar
Madagascar elects on the national level a head of state – the president – and a legislature. The president is elected for a five-year term by the people, by absolute majority through a two-round system. The Parliament has two chambers. The National Assembly (Antenimieram-Pirenena/Assemblée Nationale) has 151 members, elected for a five-year term in single-member and two-member constituencies. In single-member constituencies, representatives are elected by simple majority, in the two-member constituencies, closed party lists are used, with the two seats distributed using a highest averages method. The Senate (Sénat) has 33 members, 22 members elected by the regions by provincial electors, and 11 members appointed by the president, all for 5 year terms.

Senate (Madagascar)
The Senate (Malagasy: Antenimierandoholona / French: Sénat) is the upper chamber of the bicameral Parliament of Madagascar. The Senate has 18 members: 12 are indirectly elected, two from each of the six provinces of Madagascar, and 6 are appointed by the President. The President of the Senate is the legal successor to the President of the Republic in the event of a vacancy in the latter position.

Following the 2025 coup d'état, the transitional government has suspended the Senate and the future of the chamber is unclear.
Mitigomijokan District
Mitigomijokan (District 5) is a municipal electoral division in the Aylmer sector of Gatineau, Quebec, that has been represented in the Gatineau City Council since the 2021 municipal election.

Mitigomijokan means "place of the oak" in the Anishinaabe language.

Gatineau
Gatineau (/ˈɡætɪnoʊ/ GAT-in-oh; French: [ɡatino] ⓘ) is a city in southwestern Quebec, Canada. It is located on the northern bank of the Ottawa River, directly across from Ottawa, Ontario. Gatineau is the largest city in the Outaouais administrative region of Quebec and is also part of Canada's National Capital Region. As of 2021, Gatineau is the fourth-largest city in Quebec with a population of 291,041. Gatineau is also part of the Ottawa-Gatineau census metropolitan area with a population of 1,488,307, making it the fourth largest in Canada.

Gatineau is coextensive with a territory equivalent to a regional county municipality (TE) and census division (CD) of the same name, whose geographical code is 81. It is the seat of the judicial district of Hull.

It is also the most bilingual (French-English) city in Canada.
International Federation of Associations of Classical Studies
The International Federation of Associations of Classical Studies (FIEC), or Fédération internationale des associations d'études classiques (FIEC) (in French, which is its other official language) is an international association of Classical Studies associations all over the world. It encompasses national and international associations promoting the development of Classical philology, Latin, Ancient Greek, Classical archaeology, papyrology, paleography, epigraphy, numismatics, among other subjects. It was founded in Paris in 1948 at the UNESCO, where its associated journal, L'Année philologique, was also based. It currently has members in 46 countries, encompassing more than 60 national and regional associations and 14 international organizations of classical studies.

Juliette Ernst
Juliette Ernst (born 12 January 1900 in Algiers; died 28 March 2001 in Lutry, Vaud) was a Swiss classical philologist and editor of L'Année philologique for nearly sixty years. She made a significant contribution to international classical studies as secretary-general of the International Federation of Associations of Classical Studies (Fédération internationale des associations d'études classiques) (FIEC) for twenty-five years. (487)
Utility player
In sports, a utility player is one who can play several positions competently. Sports in which the term is often used include association football, basketball, rugby, baseball, softball, ice hockey, and water polo.

The term has gained prominence in all sports due to its use in fantasy leagues, but in rugby union and rugby league, it is commonly used by commentators to recognize a player's versatility.

The use of this term to describe a player may in some circumstances be a backhanded compliment, as it suggests the player is not good enough to be considered a specialist in one position (i.e., a jack of all trades).

Insult
An insult is an expression, statement, or behavior that is often deliberately disrespectful, offensive, scornful, or derogatory towards an individual or a group. 
Insults can be intentional or unintentional, and they often aim to belittle, offend, or humiliate the target. While insults may sometimes include factual information, such information is typically presented in a pejorative manner, intended to provoke a negative emotional response or to socially undermine or discredit the target. Insults can also be made unintentionally or in a playful way, but these can, in some cases, also have unintended negative impacts and effects.

Insults can have varying impacts, effects, and meanings depending on intent, use, recipient's understanding of the meaning, intent behind the action or words, and social setting and social norms, including cultural references and meanings.
Blood of the Old Kings
Blood of the Old Kings (Korean: 메르시아의 별) is a 2016 fantasy novel by Sung-il Kim. It was translated into English by Anton Hur and published by Tor Books in 2024. The novel follows three different characters as they attempt to defeat the forces of a corrupt empire powered by necromancy.

Necromancy
Necromancy (/ˈnɛkrəmænsi/) is the practice of magic involving communication with the dead by summoning their spirits as apparitions or visions for the purpose of divination; imparting the means to foretell future events and discover hidden knowledge. Sometimes categorized under death magic, the term is occasionally also used in a more general sense to refer to black magic or witchcraft as a whole.
Akune Prefectural Natural Park
Akune Prefectural Natural Park (阿久根県立自然公園, Akune kenritsu shizen kōen) is a Prefectural Natural Park in northwest Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. Established in 1953, the park is within the municipality of Akune.

Municipalities of Japan
Municipalities are a level of administration in Japan. The country has three levels of governments: national, prefectural, and municipal.

The nation is divided into 47 prefectures (within these, one metropolis, one regional prefecture, and two urban prefectures). Each prefecture consists of numerous municipalities, with 1,718 in total as of October 2018.

There are four types of municipalities in Japan: cities (市, shi), towns (町, chō), villages (村, son) and special wards of Tokyo (区, ku). In Japanese, this system is known as shikuchōson (市区町村), where each kanji in the word represents one of the four types of municipalities. In Tokyo, because the wards are at the center, the system is officially referred to as kushichōson (区市町村), with the wards first, and cities second.

Some designated cities also have further administrative subdivisions, also known as wards, but, unlike the special wards of Tokyo, these wards are not municipalities.