hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Political history of the world
The political history of the world is the history of the various political entities created by the human race throughout their existence and the way these states define their borders. Throughout history, political systems have expanded from basic systems of self-governance and monarchy to the complex democratic and totalitarian systems that exist today. In parallel, political entities have expanded from vaguely defined frontier-type  boundaries, to the national definite boundaries existing today.

Atahualpa
Atawallpa (/ˌɑːtəˈwɑːlpə/ ⓘ), also Atahualpa or Ataw Wallpa (Classical Quechua: Ataw Wallpa, pronounced [ˈataw ˈwaʎpa]) (c. 1502 – 29 August 1533), whose regnal name was Caccha Pachacuti Inca Yupanqui Inca: 3  (from the caccha idol and to honour the emperor Pachacuti), was the last effective Inca emperor, reigning from April 1532 until his capture and execution in July of the following year, as part of the Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire.
Tsushimanada Yakichi
Tsushimanada Yakichi (Japanese: 對馬洋 弥吉; born Yakichi Kawakami (弥吉 川上), August 19, 1887 – February 16, 1933) was a Japanese professional sumo wrestler from Tsushima in the Nagasaki Prefecture. As of May 1962, he is one of six wrestlers in that prefecture to have reached or surpassed the rank of ōzeki, and the first to have achieved this feat since the fourth Tamagaki Gakunosuke, 107 years earlier.

Tsushima, Nagasaki
Tsushima (対馬市, Tsushima-shi) is an island city grouped in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. It is the only city of Tsushima Subprefecture and it encompasses all of Tsushima Island, which lies in the Tsushima Strait north of Nagasaki on the western side of Kyushu, the southernmost mainland island of Japan. As of March 2017, the city has an estimated population of 31,550 and a population density of 45 persons per km2. Its total area is 708.61 km2, 17.3% of the area of Nagasaki Prefecture.
Evgeni Kirilov
Evgeni Zahariev Kirilov (Bulgarian: Евгени Захариев Кирилов) (born 26 January 1945 in Lubichevo, Targovishte Oblast) is a Bulgarian politician. He is a member of the Coalition for Bulgaria, part of the Party of European Socialists, and became a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) on 1 January 2007 with the accession of Bulgaria to the European Union. He was a member of the National Assembly of the Republic of Bulgaria, mainly active in the committee on foreign affairs.

On May 20, 2010, the European Parliament in Strasbourg, adopted the resolution on "The need for an EU Strategy for the South Caucasus" on the basis of the report by Evgeni Kirilov. The resolution states in particular, that "the occupied Azerbaijani regions around Nagorno-Karabakh must be cleared as soon as possible".

EU Strategy for the South Caucasus
The EU Strategy for the South Caucasus is a long term strategy which is directed to create a secure political, economical and social environment next to the eastern borders of the European Union. This is an objective of the European Neighbourhood Policy, and forthcoming Eastern Partnership Program.
David Cheong Kian Young
David Cheong Kian Young (simplified Chinese: 张睷洋; traditional Chinese: 張睷洋; pinyin: Zhāng Jiānyáng; born 6 July 1965) is a Malaysian politician and businessman who has served as Member of the Selangor State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Kajang since August 2023. He is a member of the People's Justice Party (PKR), a component party of the Pakatan Harapan (PH) coalition. He has also served as Member of the Central Leadership Council (MPP), Deputy Division Chief of Kuala Langat and deputy director of the State Elections Department (JPRN) of PKR as well as the Treasurer of JPRN of PH of Selangor since 2022.

Selangor State Legislative Assembly
The Selangor State Legislative Assembly (Malay: Dewan Negeri Selangor) is the unicameral state legislature of the Malaysian state of Selangor. The State Assembly is composed of 56 members representing single-member constituencies throughout the state. Elections are held no more than five years apart, and by Malaysian political convention, are conducted simultaneously with elections to the federal parliament and other state assemblies (except Sabah and Sarawak).

It convenes at the Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Building in the capital Shah Alam. Since 2008, Assembly proceedings have been broadcast live on the internet.
Chen Chuanping
Chen Chuanping (Chinese: 陈川平; born February 1962) is a former Chinese politician and businessman. Chen spent 26 years in state-owned Taiyuan Iron & Steel (Group) Co. Ltd, he served as the president of Taiyuan Iron & Steel (Group) Co. Ltd. from 2001 to 2008. He served as the Communist Party Secretary of Taiyuan between 2010 and 2014. Alongside Ling Jihua, Bai Yun, and others, he was removed from office in August 2014 for corruption, tried on charges of bribery, and sentenced to six years in prison.

Taiyuan Iron and Steel Group
Taiyuan Iron and Steel (Group) Co., Ltd. formerly  Taiyuan Iron & Steel Corporation (TISCO), also known as Taigang Group is a Chinese steel maker based in Taiyuan, Shanxi Province.

The company was the parent of Taigang Stainless Steel Co., Ltd., a listed steel manufacturer and Linfen Iron and Steel, an unlisted steel manufacturer respectively. The unlisted portion of the group, also consisted of a real estate company and a hospital.
East Garafraxa
East Garafraxa is a rural township located in Dufferin County, Ontario, Canada, to the west of Orangeville and within relative commuting distance of Toronto, Brampton, Guelph, and Kitchener.

While it is unknown how the name "Garafraxa" came to be, there are a number of theories to its origins:

It is derived from an Indigeous word meaning "panther country"

Commemorating an old Irish estate or castle

From the Scottish stream, the River Garry

From Gaelic fraoch garbh meaning "rough heath"

From local botany Saxifrage or Sassafras

Old English word gara or gar means either a small triangular piece of land or cloth as in a sail, and the Township could be considered part fracta of the Gore, or Gara

East Garafraxa is known for, among other things, its scenic spots, and many people go there to escape from the city.

Gore (surveying)
A gore is an irregular parcel of land, created as a result of surveying errors during land grants.

In modern surveying, a gore is a strip of land that might be left between surveys that do not close. In some areas of New England, a gore (sometimes called a grant) is an unincorporated area that is not part of any town and has limited self-government.
Rhino (TV series)
Rhino (Persian: ‎کرگدن, romanized: Kargadan) is an Iranian television series written by Ali Asghari, and Mehrdad Kouroshnia and directed by Kiarash Asadizadeh. It features an ensemble cast which includes Mostafa Zamani, Sara Bahrami, Hoda Zeinolabedin, Pouria Rahimisam, Banipal Shoomoon, Pantea Panahiha, Kazem Sayahi, Elham Korda, Setareh Pesyani, and Mohammad Amin. The series was released every Thursday on Filimo and Namava from November 7, 2019 to April 30, 2020.

Filimo
Filimo (Persian: فیلیمو) is an Iranian video-on-demand streaming service, owned and operated by Saba idea. Filimo offers a wide variety of films, television series, documentaries, and other video content internationally. The platform is widely used within Iran and holds a market share of over 50% in the Iranian streaming industry. It has more than 400,000 monthly subscribers, with users watching over 450 million minutes of video content per month.
Al-Shabab SC (Syria)
Al-Shabab Sports Club (Arabic: نادي الشباب الرياضي) is a Syrian football club based in Raqqa. It was founded in 1962. They play their home games at the Raqqa Stadium.

In 2016 Raqqa Is Being Slaughtered Silently reported that members of the club were targeted by the Islamic State in the course of the Syrian civil war, and that 5 men, including players and a coach of the Al-Shabab SC football club, were publicly beheaded by them.

In 2018 the inaugural match of the Euphrates Championship was played at Raqqa Stadium against Manbij SC by the partially reunited team.

Raqqa Is Being Slaughtered Silently
Raqqa Is Being Slaughtered Silently (RSS or RBSS; Arabic: الرقة تذبح بصمت, romanized: al-Raqqah Tadhbaḥu bi-Ṣamt) is a citizen journalist group reporting Syrian war news and human rights abuses by Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) and other forces occupying the northern Syrian city of Raqqa which ISIL used as its de facto capital. RBSS works to counter the suggestion that citizens of Raqqa welcomed the presence of ISIL. Some sources described the group as one of the few reliable sources of information from the city. It was founded by Abu Ibrahim a-Raqqawi. RBSS has described itself as an "nonpartisan and independent" news page.
Cumann Peile Na bPiarsaigh (Gaillimhe)
Cumann Peile Na bPiarsaigh is a Gaelic Athletic Association club based in the Ros Muc, Camus and Recess areas in Connemara, County Galway, Ireland. The club is a member of the Galway GAA. Cumann Peile Na bPiarsaigh GAA Club caters for large numbers of young boys and girls and adults who play Football and Ladies Football in the parishes of Ros Muc, Camus and Recess.

Recess, County Galway
Recess (Irish: Sraith Saileach or Sraith Salach) is a village in County Galway, Ireland. Its official name is in Irish, Sraith Saileach, and translates as "stream of the willow tree". A notable former resident was Seán Lester, the last Secretary General of the League of Nations, who lived there following his retirement until his death in 1959; another was Pádraig MacKernan, a noted Irish diplomat who owned a home at the nearby Lough Athry.
Katharina of Schwarzburg-Blankenburg
Katharina of Schwarzburg-Blankenburg (after 1470 – 27 November 1514) was the wife of Count Reinhard IV of Hanau-Münzenberg (14 March 1473 – 30 January 1512).

She was a daughter of Günther XXXVIII of Schwarzburg-Blankenburg (1450-1484) and Catherine of Querfurt (d. 1521).

Katharina and Reinhard married on 13 February 1496.  As her dowry, she brought 4000 guilders into the marriage, plus the share held by Schwarzburg in the mortgage on the imperial city of Gelnhausen.  With this share, the count acquired a power base in the Kinzig valley, which connected "Upper Hanau", around Schlüchtern and Steinau an der Straße and "Lower Hanau" around the city of Hanau.

Katharina died on 27 November 1514 and was buried in the Church of St. Mary in Hanau.  A picture of her can be found on the side of a seat in the choir of the church, opposite a picture of her husband.

Steinau an der Straße
Steinau an der Straße (German pronunciation: [ˈʃtaɪnaʊ ʔan deːɐ̯ ˈʃtʁaːsə], lit. 'Steinau on the Route') is a town of around 10,000 inhabitants in the Main-Kinzig district, in Hesse, Germany. It is situated on the river Kinzig, 32 kilometres (20 mi) southwest of Fulda. The name Steinau refers to stones in the river; an der Straße, meaning on the road, refers to the historic trade route Via Regia from Leipzig to Frankfurt on which it was located. Steinau is best known for the Brothers Grimm who spent part of their childhood here.
Tarte à l'badrée
Tarte à l'badrée is an ancient cream-based tarte from the Picardy region of France. It was a popular dessert in the 16th century. It has since fallen out of popularity.

The custard, called  badré, was made from crème fraîche, butter, lard, milk, sugar, vanilla beans, and eggs. The custard would then be poured into a shortcrust pastry and baked.

Crème fraîche
Crème fraîche (English: /ˌkrɛmˈfrɛʃ/, French: [kʁɛm fʁɛːʃ] ⓘ, lit. 'fresh cream') is a dairy product similar to sour cream; it is a soured cream containing 10–45% butterfat, with a pH of approximately 4.5. It is soured with a bacterial culture. European labeling regulations specify the two ingredients must be cream and bacterial culture. It is served over fruit and baked goods, as well as being added to soups and sauces. It is used in a variety of other recipes. Sour cream is a similar foodstuff, except that crème fraîche is less sour and has a higher fat content. Sour cream may contain thickening agents not permitted in crème fraîche in many jurisdictions.
(4+3) cycloaddition
A (4+3) cycloaddition is a cycloaddition between a four-atom π-system and a three-atom π-system to form a seven-membered ring. Allyl or oxyallyl cations (propenylium-2-olate) are commonly used three-atom π-systems, while a diene (such as butadiene) plays the role of the four-atom π-system. It represents one of the relatively few synthetic methods available to form seven-membered rings stereoselectively in high yield.

Non-Kekulé molecule
A non-Kekulé molecule is a conjugated hydrocarbon that cannot be assigned a classical Kekulé structure.

Since non-Kekulé molecules have two or more formal charges or 
radical centers, their spin-spin interactions can cause electrical conductivity or ferromagnetism (molecule-based magnets), and applications to functional materials are expected. However, as these molecules are quite reactive and most of them are easily decomposed or polymerized at room temperature, strategies for stabilization are needed for their practical use. Synthesis and observation of these reactive molecules are generally accomplished by matrix-isolation methods.
Mundang people
The Mundang people are an ethnic group in West Africa who live in parts of Cameroon, Chad, and Nigeria. They speak the Mundang language, a subset of Mbum languages.

Historically, the Mundang were an agricultural people; in the beginning of the 20th century they grew and harvested peas, beans, potatoes, nuts and durra. They also branched out into cotton production and raised cattle and goats. They brewed beer as well, from millet. Mundang people in Léré built mud houses with straight roofs and polished interior walls. They also constructed circular corn silos or granaries, accessed through the roof.

Sultan Lamido Ganthiome and his two wives in Léré, Chad in 1913.

Corn towers of the Sultan Lamido Ganthiome in Léré, Chad.

Mundang village of Léré, Chad in about 1913.

A woman carries water before the village of Léré, Chad. Illustration by Ernst M. Heims.

Léré, Chad
Léré (Arabic: ليري) is a town in Chad and the capital of the Lac Léré department of the Mayo-Kebbi Ouest region. In 2009, the population of Léré was 89,237, 42,987 of which were male and 46,250 were female.

The town is served by Léré Airport.
Maggodee Creek
Maggodee Creek is a creek in Franklin County in the United States state of Virginia. The creek is a southeast-flowing tributary of the Blackwater River, part of the Roanoke River watershed.

The creek is located in the Blue Ridge, Piedmont, and Appalachian mountains. The town of Boones Mill, Virginia is located in the valley of the creek. Historically, alternate names for this stream have included "Maggodi Creek" and "Maggotty Creek."

In his autobiography Against the Tide, the African American pastor and activist Adam Clayton Powell Sr. said he "was born near Martin's Mill at the conflux of Maggotty and Soak Creeks, Franklin County, Virginia."

The Piedmont Mill Historic District, is located along the creek. The water-powered Martin-Piedmont-Clements mill (built in the 1860s) was built on Maggodee Creek, which helped the rural industry to flourish in Southside Virginia. In 1929, the Virginia State Highway Commission built a single lane truss bridge over the creek.

Virginia Department of Transportation
The Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) is the agency of the state government responsible for transportation in the state of Virginia in the United States. The Virginia Department of Transportation is headquartered at the Virginia Department of Highways Building in Downtown Richmond. VDOT is responsible for building, maintaining, and operating the roads, bridges, and tunnels in the commonwealth. It is overseen by the Commonwealth Transportation Board, which has the power to fund airports, seaports, rail, and public transportation.

The Virginia Department of Transportation's revised annual budget for fiscal year 2019 is $5.4 billion.

The Virginia Department of Transportation has a workforce of about 7,500 full-time employees.
Cape Zevgari
Cape Zevgari lies within Akrotiri and Dhekelia, a British Overseas Territory on the island of Cyprus, administered as a Sovereign Base Area. It is located in the Western Sovereign Base Area and forms the south-west point of the Akrotiri Peninsula which is the most southerly part of the island. The cape forms the southern end of Episkopi Bay.

The cape lies within the boundaries of the Royal Air Force station known as RAF Akrotiri. The building on the cape was The Princess Mary's Hospital, RAF Akrotiri, the main hospital for British Forces Cyprus. The hospital was formerly an RAF hospital, but following the establishment of the Defence Medical Services organisation, it was a tri-service establishment under the authority of the Permanent Joint Headquarters at Northwood. The hospital closed on 1 November 2012.

Defence Medical Services
The Defence Medical Services (DMS) is an umbrella organisation within the Ministry of Defence in the United Kingdom. It describes the Royal Navy Medical Service, Army Medical Services and RAF Medical Services. The Defence Medical Services Group and Headquarters DMS is part of Strategic Command, although with the exception of civilian staff, the personnel contained in it are each part of their respective three Services.
1986 Christchurch mayoral election
The 1986 Christchurch mayoral election was part of the New Zealand local elections held that same year. In 1986, election were held for the Mayor of Christchurch plus other local government positions. The polling was conducted using the standard first-past-the-post electoral method.

Mayor of Christchurch
The mayor of Christchurch is the elected head of local government in Christchurch, New Zealand; one of 67 mayors in the country. The mayor presides over the Christchurch City Council and is directly elected using the first-past-the-post method. The current mayor, Phil Mauger, was first elected in 2022. The current deputy mayor is Victoria Henstock.

Christchurch was initially governed by the chairman of the town council. In 1868, the chairman became the city council's first mayor as determined by his fellow city councillors. Since 1875, the mayor is elected by eligible voters and, after an uncontested election, the first election was held in the following year.
Skippack Creek
Skippack Creek is a 15.7-mile-long (25.3 km) tributary of Perkiomen Creek in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania in the United States. Skippack Creek joins Perkiomen Creek approximately 3 miles (5 km) upstream of that creek's confluence with the Schuylkill River.

A portion of the creek flows through Evansburg State Park and passes by the census-designated place of Skippack.

Skippack is a Native American name purported to mean "a pool of stagnant water".

It is stocked with brown and rainbow trout; other fish in the creek include smallmouth bass, catfish, sucker, carp, panfish, and freshwater eel.

Anguillidae
The Anguillidae are a family of ray-finned fish that contains the freshwater eels. All the extant species and six subspecies in this family are in the genus Anguilla, and are elongated fish of snake-like bodies, with long dorsal, caudal and anal fins forming a continuous fringe. They are catadromous, spending their adult lives in freshwater, but migrating to the ocean to spawn.

Eels are an important food fish and some species are now farm-raised, but not bred in captivity. Many populations in the wild are now threatened, and Seafood Watch recommend consumers avoid eating anguillid eels.
Mohammad-Ali Ramin
Mohammad-Ali Ramin (Persian: محمدعلی رامین, born 1954) is an Iranian politician, political analyst and writer who served as the Vice Minister of Culture and a presidential advisor under President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. He organised the International Conference to Review the Global Vision of the Holocaust, a conference involving Holocaust deniers, which took place in Tehran in 2006.

Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance
The Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance (Persian: وزارت فرهنگ و ارشاد اسلامی, Vezârat-e Farhang va Ershâd-e Eslâmi) ("Ministry of CIG") is a ministry responsible for managing access to media that, in the view of the Iranian government or the ministry, violates Iranian ethics or promotes values alien to Iranian culture. This may include internet censorship.  It also manages the alignment of religion and the law of the country. It was formed by the merger of the Ministry of Culture and Art and the Ministry of Information and Tourism.
WSOS (AM)
WSOS (1170 AM) is a radio station which is broadcasting a classic hits format. Licensed to St. Augustine Beach, Florida, United States, the station serves the St. Augustine area.  The station also re-broadcasts on translator W280EY 103.9 FM (St. Augustine).  The station is currently owned by Kevin Geddings through licensee WSOS Radio LLC of St. Augustine, Florida. WSOS AM 1170 is a daytime-only  Class D station, broadcasting on the clear-channel frequency of 1170 kHz. WSOS must leave the air from sunset to sunrise to avoid interference with the nighttime skywave signal of WWVA (AM) in Wheeling, West Virginia.

1170 AM
The following radio stations broadcast on AM frequency 1170 kHz: 1170 AM is a United States clear-channel frequency. Class A status is shared by three stations:  KOTV in Tulsa, Oklahoma, WWVA in Wheeling, West Virginia, and KJNP in North Pole, Alaska.

Because 1170 kHz is a multiple of both 9 and 10, the frequency is available for use by broadcast stations in all three ITU regions.
Nicolae Filipescu
Nicolae Filipescu (December 5, 1862 – September 30, 1916) was a Romanian politician.

Filipescu was the Mayor of Bucharest between February 1893 and October 1895. It was during his term the first electric tramways circulated in Bucharest. Between December 29, 1910, and March 27, 1912, he was the Minister of War of Romania, in the Cabinet led by Petre P. Carp.

Ministry of National Defence (Romania)
The Ministry of National Defence (Romanian: Ministerul Apărării Naționale — MApN) is one of the eighteen ministries of the Government of Romania.

The current acting Minister of National Defence is Radu-Dinel Miruță.
Davenport & Treacy
The Davenport & Treacy Company (sometimes rendered as Davenport-Treacy) was a manufacturer of pianos and piano components that was established in 1868 in New York City. It was founded by John Davenport, a graduate of Yale University; and Col. Daniel F. Treacy, an engineer.

By 1889, the company had a 2.5-acre factory complex in Stamford, Connecticut, on the waterfront. Working around the clock except on Sundays, the company cast some 60 piano plates a day, consuming some 60 tons of iron each week, for annual output of more than 15,000 piano plates a year.

Davenport & Treacy pianos sailed aboard the USS McCulloch, a United States Revenue Cutter Service cutter; and the USS Albatross, the first research ship built especially for marine research, racking up more than 20,000 miles at sea aboard the latter.

United States Revenue Cutter Service
The United States Revenue Cutter Service was established by an Act of Congress (1 Stat. 175) on 4 August 1790 as the Revenue-Marine at the recommendation of the nation's first secretary of the treasury, Alexander Hamilton.

The federal government body was initially created to serve as an armed customs enforcement service. Over time, however, the service gradually gained missions either voluntarily or by legislation, including those of a military nature. It was generally referred to as the Revenue-Marine until 31 July 1894, when it was officially renamed the Revenue Cutter Service. The Revenue Cutter Service operated under the authority of the U.S. Department of the Treasury. On 28 January 1915, the service was merged by an act of Congress with the United States Life-Saving Service to form the United States Coast Guard.