hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Journal of Applied Philosophy
The Journal of Applied Philosophy is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the Society for Applied Philosophy and co-edited by Avery Kolers (University of Tennessee, Knoxville) and Tina Rulli (University of California, Davis). It covers a broad spectrum of issues in all areas of applied philosophy, including work on the environment, medicine, science, engineering, policy, law, politics, economics, and education.

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2024 impact factor of 0.9.

Wiley-Blackwell
Wiley-Blackwell is an international scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly publishing business of John Wiley & Sons. It was formed by the merger of John Wiley & Sons Global Scientific, Technical, and Medical business with Blackwell Publishing in 2007.

Wiley-Blackwell is now an imprint that publishes a diverse range of academic and professional fields, including biology, medicine, physical sciences, technology, social science, and the humanities.
František Bartoš (motorcyclist)
František Bartoš (10 May 1926 – 21 January 1987) was a Czech Grand Prix motorcycle road racer. He enjoyed his best season as a rider for the ČZ factory racing team in 1957, when he finished the season in ninth place in the 125cc world championship.

Česká zbrojovka Strakonice
Česká zbrojovka a.s. (ČZ a.s.) is a Czech company producing cs:Desta forklifts and components for the automobile industry. It is a former firearms manufacturer, also known for making ČZ motorcycles. ČZ was established as a branch of the Škoda armament works in Strakonice, Czechoslovakia in September 1919.
Zonguldak-Filyos Regional
The Zonguldak-Filyos Regional (Turkish: Zonguldak-Filyos Bölgesel Treni) is a newly implemented regional rail service running along the Black Sea coast between Zonguldak and Filyos, with eight intermediate stations. The service restored passenger rail operations in Zonguldak that ended in 2010, when the Karaelmas Express was shortened to run between Karabük and Çankırı.

Zonguldak
Zonguldak (Turkish pronunciation: [zoŋˈguɫdak]) is a city of about 100 thousand people in the Black Sea region of Turkey. It is the seat of Zonguldak Province and Zonguldak District. It was established in 1849 as a port town for the nearby coal mines in Ereğli. The current mayor is Tahsin Erdem, representing the CHP.
Athletics at the 1904 Summer Olympics – Men's standing triple jump
The men's standing triple jump was a track and field athletics event held as part of the Athletics at the 1904 Summer Olympics programme. It was the second time the event was held. It was held on September 3, 1904. Four athletes, all from the United States, competed. Ray Ewry continued his dominance of the standing jumps at the Olympics, successfully defending his championships in this one as well as the other two. Charles King took silver, with Joseph Stadler earning bronze. With only Americans competing, the second consecutive sweep was assured; with the event no longer held after these Games, no non-American athlete ever won a medal in the standing triple jump.

United States at the 1904 Summer Olympics
The United States hosted the 1904 Summer Olympics in St. Louis, Missouri. American athletes won a total of 231 medals, setting a record for the most medals won at a single Olympics that still stands today.
1092 Lilium
1092 Lilium, provisional designation 1924 PN, is a dark, carbonaceous background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 44 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 12 January 1924, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany. The asteroid was named after the flower Lilium (true lily).

Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory
Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory (German: Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Königstuhl) is a historic astronomical observatory located near the summit of the Königstuhl hill in the city of Heidelberg in Germany. It is operated by the Center for Astronomy (ZAH) at the University of Heidelberg.

The predecessor of the current observatory was originally opened in 1774 in the nearby city of Mannheim but degradation of observational conditions there resulted in a relocation to the Königstuhl in 1898.

The Observatory facility have little value for current astronomical research of ZAH; research is done with the Gama Ray H.E.S.S in Namibia and ESO facilities in Chile.

Andreas Quirrenbach is the observatory's director since 2005.
Gauhati University
Gauhati University also known as GU, is a collegiate public state university located in Guwahati, Assam, India. It was established on 26 January 1948 under the provisions of an Act enacted by the Assam Legislative Assembly and is the oldest university in Northeast India. It is accredited with a grade of 'A+' by the National Assessment and Accreditation Council in its 4th cycle of accreditation on 5 July 2024.

Starting with 18 affiliated colleges and 8 Post Graduate Departments in 1948, Gauhati University, today, has 39 Post Graduate Departments, besides IDOL (Institute of Distance and Open Learning), a constituent Law and Engineering College. It has 341 affiliated colleges offering undergraduate and post graduate courses in the faculties of Arts, Science, Commerce, Law, Engineering and Technology. Gauhati University is a member of the Association of Indian Universities and the Association of Commonwealth Universities respectively.

National Institutional Ranking Framework
National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) is a ranking methodology released annually by the Ministry of Education, Government of India, to rank institutions of higher education in India. The framework was approved by the former Ministry of Human Resource Development (now the Ministry of Education) and launched by the Minister on 29 September 2015.

Depending on their areas of operation,  institutions have been ranked under 11 different categories – overall, university, colleges, engineering, management, pharmacy, law, medical, architecture, dental and research. The Framework uses several parameters for ranking purposes like resources, research, and stakeholder perception. These parameters have been grouped into five clusters and these clusters were assigned certain weights. These weights depend on the type of institution. About 3500 institutions voluntarily participated in the first round of rankings.
Luumäki
Luumäki (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈluːˌmæki]) is a municipality of Finland. Its seat is in the Taavetti village. It is located in the province of Southern Finland and is part of the South Karelia region. The municipality has a population of 4,327
(30 June 2025) and covers an area of 859.83 square kilometres (331.98 sq mi) of
which 109.77 km2 (42.38 sq mi)
is water. The population density is
5.77 inhabitants per square kilometre (14.9/sq mi). The municipality is unilingually Finnish.

Neighbour municipalities are Hamina, Kouvola, Lappeenranta, Lemi, Miehikkälä and Savitaipale. Lappeenranta is located 38 kilometres (24 mi) from Luumäki.

The president of Finland P. E. Svinhufvud died in Luumäki on February 29, 1944.

The name Luumäki means literally "Bone Hill".

Southern Finland Province
Southern Finland (Finnish: Etelä-Suomen lääni, Swedish: Södra Finlands län) was a province of Finland from 1997 to 2009. It bordered the provinces of Western Finland and Eastern Finland. It also bordered the Gulf of Finland and Russia.
Saba (2024 film)
Saba is a 2024 debut feature film directed by Maksud Hossain. It premiered at the 2024 Toronto International Film Festival, showed at various other film festivals like the Busan International Film Festival and the Red Sea International Film Festival, and released in Bangladesh on September 26, 2025. It won third place at the Bengaluru International Film Festival.

Red Sea International Film Festival
The Red Sea International Film Festival (Arabic: مهرجان البحر الأحمر السينمائي الدولي) is a film festival launched in 2019 and held in Jeddah, the port city in western Saudi Arabia. The festival mainly focuses on new storytelling trends, as well as emerging talents from Saudi Arabia, the Arab world and the rest of the world.

The festival’s fifth edition in 2025 will take place from December 4 to 13 at Jeddah’s historic Al Balad district.
Bund Deutscher Frauenvereine
The Bund Deutscher Frauenvereine (Federation of German Women's Associations) (BDF) was founded on 28/29 March 1894 as umbrella organization of the women's civil rights feminist movement and existed until the Nazi seizure of power in 1933.

Its creation was inspired by the founding of the World's Congress of Representative Women meeting on the occasion of the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago. Several women from Germany attended this event: Anna Simson, Hanna Bieber-Böhm, Auguste Förster, Käthe Schirmacher. They took the example of the American National Council of Women as a model for the BDF. The International Council of Women also played a role in strengthening the co-operation between the NCW and the BDF.

Käthe Schirmacher
Käthe Schirmacher (Danzig, 6 August 1865 – Meran, 18 November, 1930) was a German writer, journalist, and political activist who was considered to be one of the leading advocates for women's rights and the international women's movement in the 1890s.
Železnik Hall
Železnik Hall (Serbian: Дворана Железник, romanized: Dvorana Železnik) is a basketball arena in Belgrade, Serbia.  The arena is currently used as a home arena to the KK FMP Beograd of the Basketball League of Serbia and the Adriatic League.

The basketball arena has three levels and the area of 4,500 square metres. With various associate structures it represents a modern sports and business complex. Apart from the seating capacity of 1,700, there is a hydromassage block, specialized medical diagnostic centre and a modern gym of 200 square metres.  The arena has scenic illumination and loudspeakers of 6 kW. The arena got new premises, trophy hall, press hall with a capacity for 40 people and a hotel with an area of 1,000 square metres for the accommodation of basketball players.

Basketball League of Serbia
The Basketball League of Serbia (Serbian: Кошаркашка лига Србије, romanized: Košarkaška liga Srbije), commonly abbreviated as KLS, is a top-tier men's professional basketball league in Serbia. Founded in 2006. It is currently not run by the Basketball Federation of Serbia (KSS).
Jigyel Ugyen Wangchuck
Prince Dasho Jigyel Ugyen Wangchuck (born 16 July 1984) is a Bhutanese prince.

Born the second son of the King of Bhutan Jigme Singye Wangchuck, he was the heir presumptive to the throne of Bhutan until the birth, on 5 February 2016, of his nephew Jigme Namgyel Wangchuck, the son of his older half-brother and current King Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck.

Dasho
Dasho (Dzongkha: དྲག་ཤོས; Wylie: Drag-shos) (lit. Excellent One) is a Bhutanese honorific that is bestowed upon individuals, along with a red scarf kabney, by the Druk Gyalpo. In common practice, however, many senior government officials and social elites are addressed as Dasho without officially receiving the title and the red scarf kabney.

Although the title is bestowed upon both men and women, men are more likely to be addressed as Dasho without receiving the kabney. Dasho is also used for princes of the royal house, its female equivalent being Ashi.
Herbert Hargreaves
Herbert Silvester Hargreaves (30thMarch 1913 – 29 September 1990) was an English first-class cricketer, who played nineteen matches for Yorkshire County Cricket Club between 1934 and 1938. He also appeared for Yorkshire Second XI between 1934 and 1938, and the Minor Counties in 1937.

Born in Cinder Hill, Shireoaks, Worksop, Nottinghamshire, England, Hargreaves was a right arm fast medium bowler, who took 59 wickets at 21.20, with a best of 5 for 93 against Kent.  He scored 53 runs at an average of 3.31, with a best score of 9, and took five catches. Hargreaves took a wicket with his first ball against Cambridge University in 1934.

He had connections with Hull Town C.C. and Sheffield United C.C., and went to Perth, Scotland, as a professional in 1939.

Hargreaves died in September 1990, in Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk.

His son, John Hargreaves, played Minor County cricket for Suffolk, including a Gillette Cup match in 1966.

Suffolk County Cricket Club
Suffolk County Cricket Club is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Suffolk.

The team is currently a member of the Minor Counties Championship Eastern Division and plays in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Suffolk played List A matches occasionally from 1966 until 2005 but is not classified as a List A team per se.
Intersex representation in television
Intersex, in humans and other animals, describes variations in sex characteristics including chromosomes, gonads, sex hormones, or genitals that, according to the UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, "do not fit typical binary notions of male or female bodies".

Intersex people and themes appear in numerous television episodes. Representations have often lacked realism, and in some cases described as stigmatizing or garbage by intersex advocates, with some examples of "everyday social types" but many cases of medical dilemmas, murderers, and ciphers for discussions about sex and gender.

Female
An organism's sex is female (symbol: ♀) if it produces the ovum (egg cell), the type of gamete (sex cell) that fuses with the male gamete (sperm cell) during sexual reproduction.

A female has larger gametes than a male. Females and males are results of the anisogamous reproduction system, wherein gametes are of different sizes (unlike isogamy where they are the same size).

In species that have males and females, sex-determination may be based on either sex chromosomes, or environmental conditions. Most female mammals, including female humans, have two X chromosomes. Characteristics of organisms with a female sex vary between different species, having different female reproductive systems, with some species showing characteristics secondary to the reproductive system, as with mammary glands in mammals.

In humans, the word female can also be used to refer to gender in the social sense of gender role or gender identity.
Magodro (Open Constituency, Fiji)
Magodro Open is a former electoral division of Fiji, one of 25 open constituencies that were elected by universal suffrage (the remaining 46 seats, called communal constituencies, were allocated by ethnicity).  Established by the 1997 Constitution, it came into being in 1999 and was used for the parliamentary elections of 1999, 2001, and 2006.  It was located in Ba Province, in the west of the main island of Viti Levu.

The 2013 Constitution promulgated by the Military-backed interim government abolished all constituencies and established a form of proportional representation, with the entire country voting as a single electorate.

1997 Constitution of Fiji
The 1997 Constitution of Fiji was the supreme law of Fiji from its adoption in 1997 until 2009 when President Josefa Iloilo purported to abrogate it. It was also suspended for a period following the 2000 coup d'état led by George Speight.
Hoya anulata
Hoya anulata is a species of flowering plant in the Apocynaceae or dogbane family and is endemic to Cape York and parts of Southeast Asia. It is a epiphytic or lithophytic vine with fleshy, egg-shaped leaves, fleshy pale pink and white flowers, and spindle-shaped follicles.

Lithophyte
Lithophytes are plants that grow in or on rocks.  Epilithic (or epipetric) lithophytes grow on the surfaces of rocks, while endolithic (or chasmophytes) lithophytes grow in the cracks or crevices of rocks. Obligate lithophytes grow solely on rocks, while facultative lithophytes will grow partially on a rock and on another substrate simultaneously.
Book of Cuanu
The Book of Cuanu is a lost Irish Annal, which referred to events from the fifth to seventh centuries. It is referred to on over a dozen occasions in the Annals of Ulster, its entries having been terse accounts of battles or notable deaths.

In a short study concerning it, Eoghan O Mordha states that

"... by making use of the specific placename evidence in the entries attributed to the Book of Cuanu, it can be argued that, because the Cuanu entries display a bias towards recording events which took place for the most part in Lagin or the midlands, the entries can be regarded as being written somewhere in this general area."

The identity of Cuanu is uncertain.

Annals
Annals (Latin: annāles, from annus, "year") are a concise historical record in which events are arranged chronologically, year by year, although the term is also used loosely for any historical record.
Henrik Børseth
Henrik Børseth (30 April 1885 – 18 September 1970) was a Norwegian actor. He was born in Haugesund, and was married to actress Aagot Børseth. He made his stage debut at Det Norske Teatret in 1914, and was assigned to Nationaltheatret in Oslo from 1925. He typically played character roles. Among his best performances were his roles as the sailor Vingrisen in Nordahl Grieg's play Vår ære og vår makt, and as Besley in Grieg's Nederlaget.

Det Norske Teatret
Det Norske Teatret (English: Norwegian Theater) is a theatre in Oslo. The theatre was founded in 1912, after an initiative from Hulda Garborg and Edvard Drabløs. It opened in 1913, touring with two plays, Ervingen by Ivar Aasen and Rationelt Fjøsstell by Hulda Garborg. Its first official performance was Ludvig Holberg's comedy Jeppe på berget, with Haakon VII of Norway and the prime minister of Norway among the spectators. Hulda Garborg was the first board manager, and Rasmus Rasmussen was the first theatre director. The theatre primarily performs plays written in or translated into Nynorsk.

The theatre has three stages, and about 12–15 productions per year, plus guest plays. Five of Jon Fosse's plays saw their first productions on Det Norske Teatret: Nokon kjem til å komme (1996), Ein sommars dag (1999), Vakkert (2001), 3ogtosaman (2001) and Rambuku (2006).

The theatre was awarded Spellemannprisen in 1979 for the musical play Så lenge skuta kan gå.
Hairline lowering
Hairline lowering (alternately, a scalp advancement or forehead reduction) is a surgical technique that allows an individual to have their frontal hairline advanced certain distances depending on variables such as pre-operative hairline height, scalp laxity, and patient preference. It can be used to address a congenitally high hairline or  sometimes a hairline that has recessed from hair loss. It is performed mostly on women.

Hairline lowering surgery is also recommended to many patients undergoing facial feminization surgery (FFS). The shape of the hairline is altered, creating a low, feminine hairline. For MTF (male to female) patients who have very prominent brow bones, brow bone shaving may be performed additionally.

Facial feminization surgery
Facial feminization surgery (FFS) is an umbrella term for surgical procedures that modify male facial features to achieve a feminine appearance. Reconstructive surgery techniques are used for this purpose.

FFS is performed almost exclusively on individuals with gender incongruence. Feminising hormone therapy (using estradiol and antiandrogens) does not reduce prominent male bone structure. A medical indication for FFS may therefore be given if the face is perceived as male by an unbiased observer, which jeopardises social integration into the female role, leads to discrimination and thus perpetuates psychological distress.

The opposite of FFS is Facial masculinization surgery (FMS). Since masculinising hormone therapy (using testosterone) leads to sufficient growth of the facial skull in most cases, thereby enabling social integration into the gender role, FMS is rarely indicated and the procedure has therefore hardly been researched.
Eversonville, Missouri
Eversonville is an unincorporated community in western Linn County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.

The community is on Missouri Route BB adjacent to the Linn-Livingston county line. Linneus is nine miles to the east-southeast.

Missouri supplemental route
A supplemental route is a state secondary road in the U.S. state of Missouri, designated with letters. Supplemental routes were various roads within the state which the Missouri Department of Transportation was given in 1952 to maintain in addition to the regular routes, though lettered routes had been in use from at least 1932. The four types of roads designated as Routes are:

Farm to market roads

Roads to state parks

Former alignments of U.S. or state highways

Short routes connecting state highways from other states to routes in Missouri

Supplemental routes make up 19,064 miles (30,681 km) (59%) of the state highway system.
Leptosema chambersii
Leptosema chambersii, commonly known as Chamber's leptosema, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to inland areas of western Australia. It is a low shrub growing in small, dense clumps, covered with silky hairs, spiny branchlets, leaves reduced to egg-shaped scales, red flowers and beaked, broadly elliptic pods.

Papilionaceous flower
Papilionaceous flowers (from Latin: papilion, a butterfly) are flowers with the characteristic irregular and butterfly-like corolla found in many, though not all, plants of the species-rich Faboideae subfamily of legumes. Tournefort suggested that the term Flores papilionacei originated with Valerius Cordus, who applied it to the flowers of the bean.
Tanya Flanagan
Tanya P. Flanagan is an American politician. She has been a member of the Nevada Assembly since 2024. A member of the Democratic Party, she was elected in the 2024 Nevada Assembly election. In 2020, she ran for Clark County Commission in District D. Flanagan is a breast cancer survivor. Her experiences encouraged her to become a healthcare advocate.

2024 Nevada Assembly election
Elections to the Nevada Assembly was held on November 5, 2024. Elections were also be held in the state for U.S. President, U.S. Senate, U.S. House of Representatives, and for the Nevada Senate. Primary elections were held on June 11, 2024.

Republicans made a gain of one seat and broke the Democratic two-thirds supermajority, but they were unable to make further gains. The Nevada Independent partially attributed the underwhelming Republican gains to the impact of gerrymandering imposed by the Democratic-controlled Nevada Legislature in 2021.
Basavakalyana Fort
Basavakalyana fort, earlier known as Kalyana fort, is located in Bidar district in the Indian state of Karnataka. Its historic importance is dated to the 10th century. The capital of Rashtrakutas was also shifted from Manyakheta to Kalyana in the 10th century. The fort, integral to the Basavakalyana town, is also famous as Karmabhoomi of Basavanna (founder of Lingayatha community) and hundreds of other Sharanas (saints of Lingayatha community).

Basavakalyana (known in the history as Kalyana) with its fort was the centre of a great social and religious movement, in the 12th century, because of Basaveshwara, the social reformer. It became a seat of learning. Basaveshwara, Akka Mahadevi, Channabasavanna, Siddarama and many more Sharanas are associated with Basavakalyana. Basaveshwara, in particular, fought against casteism and orthodoxy in Hinduism.

Malkheda
Malkheda  originally known as Manyakheta (IAST: Mānyakheṭa, Prakrit: "Mannakheḍa"), and also known as Malkhed, is a town in Karnataka, India. It is located on the banks of Kagina river in Sedam Taluk of Kalaburagi district, around 40 km from Kalaburagi.

The city reached the peak of its prosperity during the 9th and 10th centuries, serving as the Imperial capital of the Rashtrakutas and historical heart of Jainism where most Jain present at the time. At Manyakheta, there is a historical fort whose restoration is in progress based on a proposal submitted by HKADB (Hyderabad Karnataka Area Development Board).