hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gastric antral vascular ectasia
Gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) is an uncommon cause of chronic gastrointestinal bleeding or iron deficiency anemia. The condition is associated with dilated small blood vessels in the gastric  antrum, which is a distal part of the stomach. The dilated vessels result in intestinal bleeding. It is also called watermelon stomach because streaky long red areas that are present in the stomach may resemble the markings on watermelon.

The condition was first discovered in 1952, and reported in the literature in 1953. Watermelon disease was first diagnosed by Wheeler et al. in 1979, and definitively described in four living patients by Jabbari et al. only in 1984. As of 2011, the cause and pathogenesis are still not known. However, there are several competing hypotheses as to various causes.

Gastrin
Gastrin is a peptide hormone that stimulates secretion of gastric acid (HCl) by the parietal cells of the stomach and aids in gastric motility. It is released by G cells in the pyloric antrum of the stomach, duodenum, and the pancreas.

Gastrin binds to cholecystokinin B receptors to stimulate the release of histamines in enterochromaffin-like cells, and it induces the insertion of K+/H+ ATPase pumps into the apical membrane of parietal cells (which in turn increases H+ release into the stomach cavity). Its release is stimulated by peptides in the lumen of the stomach.
Zu (cuneiform)
Cuneiform zu, (also sú, ṣú, and Sumerogram ZU (capital letter majuscule)), is an uncommon-use sign in the 1350s BC Amarna letters, the Epic of Gilgamesh, and other cuneiform texts. Alphabetically, it could conceivably be used for letters z, s, ṣ, or u; however in the Amarna letters it is used mostly for personal names or geographical names.

In the Epic of Gilgamesh, Sumerogram ZU is used to spell the name of god Ninazu, (a name of god Tammuz, two times, Chapter XII, 28, 47). In the Epic, ZU is also used as a logogram, ZU.AB, for Akkadian language "apsû", English language "abyss"; it is used twice in Chapter VIII, and twice in Chapter XI, the Gilgamesh flood myth. It was also used to name Giant Squid Studios' game, Abzû.

Gilgamesh flood myth
The Gilgamesh flood myth is a partial narrative of the Gilgamesh Epic. It is one of three Mesopotamian flood myths alongside the one included in the Eridu Genesis, and an episode from the Atra-Hasis Epic. 
Many scholars believe that the Gilgamesh flood myth was added to Tablet XI in the "standard version" of the Gilgamesh Epic by an editor who used the flood story, which is described in the Epic of Atra-Hasis. A short reference to the flood myth is also present in the much older Sumerian Gilgamesh poems, from which the later Babylonian versions drew much of their inspiration and subject matter.
1991 NCAA Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships
The 1991 NCAA Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships were contested to determine the individual and team national champions of men's and women's NCAA collegiate indoor track and field events in the United States, the 27th annual for men and 9th annual for women.

The championships were again held at the Hoosier Dome in Indianapolis, Indiana.

Seven-time defending champions Arkansas claimed the men's team title, the Razorbacks' eighth title and the eighth of twelve straight titles.

LSU won the women's team title, the Lady Tigers' third team title and third in five years.

RCA Dome
The  RCA Dome (originally Hoosier Dome) was a domed stadium in Indianapolis. It was the home of the Indianapolis Colts NFL franchise for 24 seasons from 1984 to 2007.

It was completed at a cost of $77.5 million, as part of the Indiana Convention Center, with the costs split between private and public money. The largest crowd to attend an event at the Dome was 62,167 for WrestleMania VIII in 1992. It was demolished on December 20, 2008, as part of a project to expand the attached convention center.
Mont di
Mont di (Burmese: မုန့်တီ, romanized: mun. ti [mo̰ʊɰ̃ tì]) is a collective term for Burmese dishes made with thin rice noodles. The vermicelli is used fresh, as it ferments quickly in Myanmar's tropical climate. There are a number of mont di dishes, and the Rakhine mont di of the Arakanese from western Myanmar is the most popular. Mandalay mont di is another well-known dish. A handful of regional rice vermicelli dishes, such as Mawlamyaing mohinga and Kengtung khao sen, are also interchangeably called "mont di."

Mawlamyine
Mawlamyine (also spelled Mawlamyaing; Burmese: မော်လမြိုင်မြို့, MLCTS: mau la. mruing mrui., Burmese pronunciation: [mɔ̀ləmjàɪ̯ɰ̃ mjo̰]; Thai: เมาะลำเลิง; Mon: မတ်မလီု, Mon pronunciation: [mo̤t məlɜ̤m]), formerly Moulmein, is the fourth-largest city in Myanmar (Burma), 300 kilometres (190 mi) southeast of Yangon and 70 kilometres (43 mi) south of Thaton, at the mouth of Thanlwin (Salween) River. Mawlamyine was an ancient city and the first capital of British Burma. It also serves as the capital of Mon State.
Siege of Namur (1692)
The siege of Namur, 25 May–30 June 1692, was a major engagement of the Nine Years' War, and was part of the French grand plan (devised over the winter of 1691–92) to defeat the forces of the Grand Alliance and bring a swift conclusion to the war. Namur, sitting on the confluence of the Meuse and Sambre rivers, was a considerable fortress, and was a significant political and military asset. French forces, guided by Vauban, forced the town's surrender on 5 June, but the citadel, staunchly defended by Menno van Coehoorn, managed to hold on until 30 June before capitulating, bringing an end to the 36-day siege. Concerned that King William III planned to recapture the stronghold, King Louis XIV subsequently ordered his commander-in-chief, the duc de Luxembourg, to join battle with the Allies in the field, resulting in the bloody Battle of Steenkerque on 3 August.

Grand Alliance (League of Augsburg)
The Grand Alliance  was signed on 20 December 1689 by William III, King of England and Scotland, and  Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor. A coalition between the Dutch Republic, England, and the Habsburg Monarchy, its primary purpose was to oppose the expansionist policies of Louis XIV of France.

With the subsequent additions of Spain and Savoy, the Grand Alliance fought the 1688 to 1697 Nine Years' War against France that ended with the Peace of Ryswick. It was reformed by the 1701 Treaty of The Hague prior to the War of the Spanish Succession, and dissolved in 1713 following the Peace of Utrecht.
Barandabhar Corridor Forest
The Barandabhar forest covers an area of 87.9 km2 and bisects the Chitwan District in east and west Chitwan. Barandabhar, a 29 km long forest patch, is bisected by the Mahendra Highway, resulting in a 56.9 km2 area in the buffer zone of RCNP and 31 km2 is under the district forest office.

The buffer zone area of BCF holds 48.016 km2 forest, 5.018 km2 grassland, 3.276 km2 shrub lands and 0.5 km2 of water bodies collectively called Bishazari lake. The surrounding six village development committees are Bachhauli, Gitanagar, Patihani, Jutpani, Pithuwa, Padampur (New) and two municipalities, Ratnanagar (Ward Number 5, 6, 7, 8 and 10), Bharatpur (Ward Number 8, 9, 11 and 12). The major rivers around the forest are Rapti, Budhi Rapti, and Khageri. The Beeshazari lake, which is located in the middle of jungle having altitude 256 m from sea level, is considered as the second largest natural wetland of Nepal and recently included in Ramsar site by NG.

Gitanagar
Gitanagar was a former village development committee in Chitwan District in Narayani zone of Nepal. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 13,929 people (6,553 male; 7,376 female) living in 3,375 individual households.

The town was named after "Geeta Rani" during the Rapti Land Distribution Project which occurred in the early 1950s. Gitanagar was divided into nine wards. Wards in Gitanagar include Uzzolnagar,Prithibinagar,Champanagar, Devnagar, Amarbasti, Kesharbhag, Geetangar, Parasnagar, and Indrapuri. Currently Gitanagar lies inside Bharatpur Metropolitan city ward number 6.
Lane K. Akiona
Lane K. Akiona is a Roman Catholic priest of the Hawaiian Province of the Congregation of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary and a member of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre and the Order of Saint Lazarus of Jerusalem.

He was born on the island of Moloka‘i in the Hawaiian Islands and serves as pastor of Saint Augustine by the Sea Catholic Church in the Waikiki district of Honolulu. He also served as the vicar forane for the East Honolulu Vicariate of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Honolulu. Fr. Lane, has been the priest at St. Augustine's since January 2006.

He serves as the Provincial of the United States Province of the Priests and Brothers of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary (SS.CC.).

Diocese of Honolulu
The Diocese of Honolulu (Latin: Diœcesis Honoluluensis) is a Catholic diocese for the state of Hawaii in the United States. It is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of San Francisco. The mother church is the Cathedral Basilica of Our Lady of Peace in Honolulu. The bishop is Clarence Silva.
Port of Yangjiang
The Port of Yangjiang is a natural estuary port on the coast of the city of Yangjiang, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China. In 2013 it had a total cargo throughput of 21 million tonnes, an increase of 30%, mostly handling ore and coal.

The Port has 1 major port area and 6 port operation areas. 15 berths.

The list of Berths include: Yangjiang Coal Terminal; Lianggang Terminal; Yangjiang Ore Terminal; Yangxi Power Station.

Yangjiang
Yangjiang (simplified Chinese: 阳江; traditional Chinese: 陽江), alternately romanized via Cantonese as Yeungkong, is a prefecture-level city in southwestern Guangdong Province in the People's Republic of China. It borders Maoming to the west, Yunfu to the north, Jiangmen to the east, and looks out to the South China Sea to the south. The local dialect is the Gaoyang dialect, a branch of Yue Chinese. During the 2020 census, its population was 2,602,959 inhabitants of whom 1,292,987 lived in the built-up (or metro) and largely urbanized area comprising Jiangcheng District and Yangdong District.
David Abagna
David Abagna Sandan (born 9 September 1998) is a Ghanaian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Cypriot First Division club APOEL and the Ghana national team.
He previously played for Ghana Premier league sides Ashanti Gold, Wa All stars and Real Tamale United. He won his first league title in his debut season with Wa All Stars in 2016.

Cypriot First Division
The Cypriot First Division (Greek: Πρωτάθλημα Α΄ Κατηγορίας), also known as the Cyprus League by Stoiximan for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league in Cyprus and the highest level of the Cypriot football league system. Operated by the Cyprus Football Association, the league is contested by fourteen teams and runs from August to May, with the three lowest-placed teams being relegated to the Cypriot Second Division, and replaced by the top three teams in that division.
Szarvasgede
Szarvasgede is a village in Nógrád County, Hungary, beside of the Aranyos creek. As of 2022 census, it has a population of 400 (see Demographics).
The village located 3.9 km from (Nr. 81) Hatvan–Fiľakovo railway line, 3.5 km from the main road 21 and 16.6 km from the M3 motorway. The closest train stop with public transport in Jobbágyi.

Main road 21 (Hungary)
The Main road 21 is a south–north direction First class main road in the valley of the Zagyva river, that connects the Hungarian M3 motorway's Hatvan junction, facilitating access from the capital city of Hatvan to Salgótarján-Somoskőújfalu. The road is 65 km long.

The road, like all other main roads in Hungary, is managed and maintained by the state-owned company Magyar Közút.
John Pizzarelli Salutes Johnny Mercer: Live at Birdland
John Pizzarelli Salutes Johnny Mercer: Live at Birdland is a tribute album by John Pizzarelli to American songwriter Johnny Mercer. It was recorded live at the Birdland jazz club in New York in 2014, and released in 2015 by his Vector Records label. The album was recorded as a medley, interspersed with commentary by Pizzarelli.

Johnny Mercer
John Herndon Mercer (November 18, 1909 – June 25, 1976) was an American lyricist, songwriter, and singer, as well as a record label executive who co-founded Capitol Records with music industry businessmen Buddy DeSylva and Glenn E. Wallichs.

He is best known as a Tin Pan Alley lyricist, but he also composed music and was a popular singer who recorded his own as well as others' songs from the mid-1930s through the mid-1950s. Mercer's songs were among the most successful hits of the time, including "Moon River", "Days of Wine and Roses", "Autumn Leaves", and "Hooray for Hollywood". He wrote the lyrics to more than 1,500 songs, including compositions for movies and Broadway shows. He received nineteen Oscar nominations, and won four Best Original Song Oscars.
5th Rivers State House of Assembly
The 5th Rivers State House of Assembly was in session from 29 May 2003 until 28 May 2007. All members of the House were elected on 3 May 2003. The majority party was the Rivers State People's Democratic Party led by Uche Secondus. The presiding officer (Speaker) of the Assembly was Chibuike Amaechi.

Rivers State Peoples Democratic Party
The Rivers State Peoples Democratic Party, also referred to as Rivers PDP, is the state chapter of the Peoples Democratic Party in Rivers State,  Nigeria. It is currently chaired by businessman and Philanthropist Felix Obuah. Prominent public figures including the late Nigerian senator Ibiapuye Martyns-Yellowe and former governor and Committee Chair on State Creation Peter Odili are products of Rivers PDP.
Krems (Upper Austria)
The Krems is an approximately 62-kilometre-long (39 mi) tributary of the Traun in Upper Austria.

It originates at the foot of the mountain Kremsmauer in Micheldorf, runs northwards in the Traunviertel through the Upper Austrian Prealps, and flows into the Traun in Ebelsberg, a district of Linz.

The largest towns in the valley of the Krems are Kirchdorf an der Krems, Schlierbach, Wartberg an der Krems, Kremsmünster, Rohr im Kremstal, Kematen an der Krems, Neuhofen an der Krems and Ansfelden.

Kirchdorf an der Krems
Kirchdorf an der Krems is a town in the Austrian state of Upper Austria on the river Krems, in the district of  Kirchdorf an der Krems. Apparently settled by the year 903, it has 4,104 inhabitants in a relatively small area of 3 km2.
Over Here (TV series)
Over Here is a 2-part television drama made in 1996 by the BBC for BBC1 from 7 to 8 April 1996, this comedy-drama serial chronicling the lives of US Army Air Corps B-17 Flying Fortress bomber crews on a Royal Air Force Spitfire base during World War II. Samuel West starred as the RAF pilot Archie Bunting.
Martin Clunes starred as Group Captain Barker; a man who flinches at the mention of, and has an inability to say the word, "Luftwaffe". and Jay Goede as the New York City bred American soldier Hershel Lenko, who becomes the most unlikely friend to Archie in the film's second half.

Group captain
Group captain (Gp Capt or G/C) is a senior officer rank used by some air forces, with origins from the Royal Air Force. The rank is used by air forces of many countries that have historical British influence.

Group captain is immediately senior to wing commander and immediately below air commodore. It is equivalent to the rank of captain in the navy and of colonel in other services.

The equivalent rank in the Women's Auxiliary Air Force, Women's Auxiliary Australian Air Force, Women's Royal Air Force (until 1968) and Princess Mary's Royal Air Force Nursing Service (until 1980) was "group officer".
Rob Nicholson (politician)
Robert Douglas Nicholson PC KC (born April 29, 1952) is a Canadian politician who represented the riding of Niagara Falls in the House of Commons of Canada from 2004 to 2019 as a member of the Conservative Party. Under Prime Minister Stephen Harper, he served as Minister of National Defence, Minister of Justice, Minister of Foreign Affairs, and Leader of the Government in the House of Commons. When the Harper Government ended, he was appointed Justice Critic in the Official Opposition shadow cabinet.

Premiership of Stephen Harper
The  premiership of Stephen Harper began on February 6, 2006, when the first Cabinet headed by Stephen Harper was sworn in by Governor General Michaelle Jean. Harper was invited to form the 28th Canadian Ministry and become Prime Minister of Canada following the 2006 federal election, where Harper led his Conservative Party to win a plurality of seats in the House of Commons of Canada, defeating the Liberal minority government of Prime Minister Paul Martin. Harper led his Conservatives to win a more significant minority government in 2008, and then a majority government in 2011. In the 2015 federal election, Harper's Conservatives lost power to the Liberal Party led by Justin Trudeau. On November 4, 2015, Harper resigned as prime minister and was succeeded by Trudeau, who formed a majority government.
William of Montferrat
William of Montferrat is the name of:

William I of Montferrat (d. before 933)

William II of Montferrat (died probably around 961)

William III of Montferrat (991 – bef.1042), son of Otho I

William IV of Montferrat (c.1084–c.1100)

William V of Montferrat (c.1136–1191)

William Longsword of Montferrat (c. 1140–1177)

William VI of Montferrat, (1207–1225)

William of Montferrat (monk), 13th century

William VII of Montferrat (c.1255–1292), titular king of Thessalonica

William VIII of Montferrat (1464–1483)

William IX of Montferrat (1494–1518), see Casale Monferrato

William X of Montferrat, 1st duke of Montferrat, Duke of Mantua

William III, Marquis of Montferrat
William III (c. 970 – 1042) was the third Marquis of Montferrat and Count of Vado from 991 to his death. He was the eldest son and successor of Otto I. William I and II were the father and son, respectively, of Aleram, the first Marquis, but neither served as Marquis himself.
Evelyn Scotney
Evelyn Scotney (11 July 1896 – 5 August 1967) was an Australian lyric coloratura soprano of great renown in the period from 1913 to the late 1920s. Her range extended to E in altissimo. She was compared very favourably with Amelita Galli-Curci, Luisa Tetrazzini and others. Her recording of "Caro nome" from Verdi's Rigoletto was described by a critic as "one of the best soprano records in existence", and her recording of The Blue Danube and other Strauss vocal waltzes was described as "absolutely perfect coloratura singing". She appears in The Record of Singing.

Glossary of music terminology
A variety of musical terms are encountered in printed scores, music reviews, and program notes. Most of the terms are Italian, in accordance with the Italian origins of many European musical conventions. Sometimes, the special musical meanings of these phrases differ from the original or current Italian meanings. Most of the other terms are taken from French and German, indicated by Fr. and Ger., respectively.

Unless specified, the terms are Italian or English. The list can never be complete: some terms are common, and others are used only occasionally, and new ones are coined from time to time. Some composers prefer terms from their own language rather than the standard terms listed here.
Guillermo Kane
Guillermo Kane (born 12 October 1981) is an Argentine activist in the Workers' Party.

He studied at the University of Buenos Aires, and now teaches history there.

From July 2015 to December 2016 he was a deputy in the legislature of Buenos Aires Province, as part of the rotation of seats by the Workers' Left Front.

He was a candidate in the 2017 Argentine provincial elections.

He became a deputy in Buenos Aires province again in December 2021.

Workers' Left Front
The Workers' Left Front – Unity (Spanish: Frente de Izquierda y de Trabajadores – Unidad, FIT-U) is an electoral alliance of four revolutionary Trotskyist parties in Argentina: the Workers' Party (PO), the Socialist Workers' Party (PTS), Socialist Left (IS), and the Workers' Socialist Movement (MST). Initially founded in 2011, the alliance added MST in 2019.

After the 2023 Argentine general election the FIT-U has five national deputies in the National Congress of Argentina: Nicolás del Caño (PTS), Christian Castillo (PTS), Myriam Bregman (PTS), Alejandro Vilca (PTS), and Romina Del Plá (PO).

The predecessor of FIT-U was the Frente de Izquierda y los Trabajadores, Anticapitalista y Socialista, which consisted of the PTS, IS and New Movement for Socialism (NMAS). It stood in the 2009 legislative elections. Attempts to include the PO in this front broke down because the PO insisted on filling the first three positions on the lists with its own members.
Shafi-ur-Rahman Commission
The Shafi ur Rahman Commission were a judicial inquiry papers investigated and authored by Senior Justice Shafi ur Rahman on the events leading to the fatal crash that resulted in the death of President General Zia-ul-Haq in August 1988.

The commission was formed by Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif in 1998, after various parties and individuals leveled up accusations against each other in their involvement in the event. The findings of the commissions remained to be secretive, and the commission's inquiries were obstructed by the military authorities on multiple occasions. The commission submitted its report of non-performance to Prime Minister's Secretariat, also in 1992.

Prime Minister's Office (Pakistan)
The Prime Minister's Office (Urdu: دفترِ وزیرِ اعظم) is the principal workplace of the Prime Minister of Pakistan and is headed by the Principal Secretary to the Prime Minister of Pakistan.

It is responsible for formulating policies for the Prime Minister's cabinet, conducting its cabinet meetings, and supervising and overseeing the implementation of the Cabinet's policy.

In addition, it is in charge of other governmental bodies, which report directly to the Prime Minister.

The Prime Minister's Office is located at the Prime Minister’s House in Red Zone, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Saudade
Saudade (European Portuguese: [sɐwˈðaðɨ] ⓘ; Brazilian Portuguese: [sawˈdadʒi] ⓘ; Galician: [sawˈðaðɪ]; Northeast Brazil: [sawˈdadi]). (English: /saʊˈdɑːdə/; plural saudades) is a word in Portuguese and Galician denoting an emotional state of melancholic or profoundly nostalgic longing for a beloved yet absent someone or something. It derives from the Latin word for solitude. It is often associated with a repressed understanding that one might never encounter the object of longing ever again. It is a recollection of feelings, experiences, places, or events, often elusive, that cause a sense of separation from the exciting, pleasant, or joyous sensations they once caused. Duarte Nunes Leão defines saudade as, "Memory of something with a desire for it".
In Brazil, the day of saudade is officially celebrated on 30 January. It is not a widely acknowledged day in Portugal.

Cape Verdean Creole
Cape Verdean Creole is a Portuguese-based creole language spoken on the islands of Cape Verde. It is the native creole language of virtually all Cape Verdeans and is used as a second language by the Cape Verdean diaspora.

The creole has particular importance for creolistics studies since it is the oldest living creole. It is the most widely spoken Portuguese-based creole language.