hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2009 NASCAR Sprint All-Star Race
The NASCAR Sprint Showdown and Sprint All-Star Race XXV was the 25th anniversary running of NASCAR's special non-championship race involving winners of the 2008 and 2009 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series races through the 2009 Southern 500 presented by GoDaddy.com as well as Sprint All-Star Race XV-XXIV winners, and past Sprint Cup champions from the decade covering 1999 to 2008.  The event was run Saturday night, May 16, 2009, at the 1.5 miles (2.4 km) Lowe's Motor Speedway in the Charlotte, North Carolina suburb of Concord. Both the All-Star Race and the Showdown were broadcast on Speed in the United States while MRN broadcast it on the radio and Sirius XM Radio on satellite radio. Tony Stewart would go on to win the event.

Concord, North Carolina
Concord (/ˌkɒnˈkɔːrd/ kon-KORD) is the most populous city in Cabarrus County, North Carolina, United States, and its county seat. The city had a population of 105,240 at the 2020 census. Concord is the second-most populous city in the Charlotte metropolitan area, tenth-most populous city in North Carolina and 287th-most populous city in the U.S.

The city was a winner of the All-America City Award in 2004. Located near the center of Cabarrus County in the Piedmont region, it is 20 miles (32 km) northeast of Uptown Charlotte. Concord is the home to some of North Carolina's top tourist destinations, including NASCAR's Charlotte Motor Speedway and Concord Mills.
Washington University School of Law
The Washington University School of Law (WashU Law) is the law school of Washington University in St. Louis, a private research university in St. Louis, Missouri. Founded in 1867, it is the oldest continuously operating law school west of the Mississippi River.

In 2025, WashU Law reported a median LSAT score of 175 for its incoming Class of 2028, which is the highest median of any law school in the United States. The school offers JD, LLM, MLS, and JSD degrees, along with a range of dual-degree programs in conjunction with other schools at the university, and graduates around 230 to 250 JD students each year.

Law school
A law school (also known as a law centre/center, college of law, or faculty of law) is an institution, professional school, or department of a college or university specializing in legal education, usually involved as part of a process for becoming a judge, lawyer, or other legal professional within a given jurisdiction. Depending on the country, legal system, or desired qualifications, the coursework is undertaken at undergraduate, graduate, or both levels.
Adolf Tandler
Adolf Tandler, also Adolph, (born November 2, 1875, in Vienna) was a conductor of the Los Angeles Symphony Orchestra, which predated the Los Angeles Philharmonic.

Tandler moved to Los Angeles in 1908, and from November 1913 to 1920 led the symphony orchestra, after which it dissolved. He then transitioned to composing film scores, with credits for Scarface and Queen Kelly. He died (suicide by vehicle exhaust) with his daughter, crippled with arthritis since she was 14 years old, on September 30, 1953, in the Eagle Rock, Los Angeles area.

Los Angeles Philharmonic
The Los Angeles Philharmonic (LA Phil) is an American orchestra based in Los Angeles, California. The orchestra holds a regular concert season from October until June at the Walt Disney Concert Hall and a summer season at the Hollywood Bowl from July until September. Gustavo Dudamel is the current music director, while Esa-Pekka Salonen serves as conductor laureate, and Zubin Mehta as conductor emeritus. John Adams is the orchestra’s current composer-in-residence, holding the title of "creative chair."

Since the opening of the Walt Disney Concert Hall on October 23, 2003, the Los Angeles Philharmonic has presented 57 world premieres, one North American premiere, and 26 U.S. premieres, and has commissioned or co-commissioned 63 new works.  The orchestra's former chief executive officer, Deborah Borda, has said, "Our intention has been to integrate 21st-century music into the orchestra's everyday activity, especially since we moved into the new hall".
Samuel Ridgeway
Christianity portal

Desmond Hilton Patton  was the Archdeacon of Ossory and Leighlin from 1940 until 1951.

Ridgeway was educated at Trinity College, Dublin and ordained in 1901.  He began his career with curacies in Leicester and New Ross. He held Incumbencies in Gorey and  Carlow. He was Chancellor of St Laserian's Cathedral, Old Leighlin from 1933 to 1940.

Chancellor
Chancellor (Latin: cancellarius) is a title of various official positions in the governments of many countries. The original chancellors were the cancellarii of Roman courts of justice—ushers, who sat at the cancelli (lattice work screens) of a basilica (court hall), which separated the judge and counsel from the audience. A chancellor's office is called a chancellery or chancery. The word is now used in the titles of many various officers in various settings (government, education, religion). Nowadays, the term is most often used to describe:

The head of the government

A person in charge of foreign affairs

A person with duties related to justice

A person in charge of financial and economic issues

The head of a university
Jankowski's bunting
Jankowski's bunting or rufous-backed bunting (Emberiza jankowskii) is a species of bird in the family Emberizidae.

It breeds in the Russian Far East, Manchuria and far northeastern Korea, where its natural habitats are temperate shrubland and grassland. In 2020 it was discovered to be breeding in Mongolia. The species is threatened by habitat loss, caused by overgrazing and changes in agriculture. It is currently listed as endangered.

The bird's English name honours the Polish collector Michał Jankowski, who collected a specimen on 9 March 1886 on his estate in Sidemi in the Primorsky Krai. The specimen was sent to Ladislaus Taczanowski who described the species in 1888.

Jankowski's bunting is given the highest level of protection under Chinese law, being added to the list of species named under the Wildlife Protection Law in 2021.

Endangered species (IUCN status)
Endangered species, as classified by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), are species which have been categorized as very likely to become extinct in their known native ranges in the near future. On the IUCN Red List, endangered is the second-most severe conservation status for wild populations in the IUCN's schema after critically endangered. In 2012, the IUCN Red List featured 3,079 animal and 2,655 plant species as endangered worldwide. The figures for 1998 were 1,102 and 1,197 respectively.
37th Anti-Aircraft Brigade (United Kingdom)
The 37th Anti-Aircraft Brigade was an air defence formation of Britain's Territorial Army (TA) formed just before the outbreak of the Second World War. It was engaged in defending the Thames Estuary during the war, and continued to form part of Anti-Aircraft Command in the postwar era.

Thorpe Bay
Thorpe Bay is an area of the city of Southend-on-Sea, in the City of Southend-on-Sea, in the ceremonial county of Essex, England. located on the Thames Estuary. Thorpe Bay is situated within the Thorpe ward of Southend-on-Sea. It is around 4 miles to the east of Southend. Originally the area was called Thorpe, but it was renamed Thorpe Bay, after the railway station. The station had been given the name to indicate that it was a seaside settlement. The majority of Thorpe Bay consists of residential properties, mainly built in the 1920s, arranged in a grid pattern.
Tommy Carberry
Thomas Carberry (15 September 1941 – 12 July 2017) was an Irish jockey who rode mostly in National Hunt races. He was Irish jump racing Champion Jockey four times. He is best known for winning the 1975 Grand National on L'Escargot. He rode a total of 16 Cheltenham Festival winners, including L'Escargot in the 1970 and 1971 Gold Cup and Ten Up in the 1975 Gold Cup. After retiring from race riding in 1982 he became a trainer and in 1999 saddled Bobbyjo to win the Grand National.

Ratoath
Ratoath (Irish: Ráth Tó, meaning 'Tó's ringfort') is a commuter town in County Meath, Ireland. A branch of the Broad Meadow Water (Broadmeadow River) (Irish: An Gabhair) flows through the town. The R125 and R155 roads meet in the village. At the 2022 census, there were 10,007 people living in Ratoath, making it the fourth largest urban area in Meath. The town is around 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of Dublin city centre.
Scanning vibrating electrode technique
Scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET), also known as vibrating probe within the field of biology, is a scanning probe microscopy (SPM) technique which visualizes electrochemical processes at a sample. It was originally introduced in 1974 by Jaffe and Nuccitelli to investigate the electrical current densities near living cells. Starting in the 1980s Hugh Isaacs began to apply SVET to a number of different corrosion studies.
SVET measures local current density distributions in the solution above the sample of interest, to map electrochemical processes in situ as they occur. It utilizes a probe, vibrating perpendicular to the sample of interest, to enhance the measured signal. It is related to scanning ion-selective electrode technique (SIET), which can be used with SVET in corrosion studies, and scanning reference electrode technique (SRET), which is a precursor to SVET.

Electrochemistry
Electrochemistry is the branch of physical chemistry concerned with the relationship between electrical potential difference and identifiable chemical change. These reactions involve electrons moving via an electronically conducting phase (typically an external electric circuit, but not necessarily, as in electroless plating) between electrodes separated by an ionically conducting and electronically insulating electrolyte (or ionic species in a solution).

When a chemical reaction is driven by an electrical potential difference, as in electrolysis, or if a potential difference results from a chemical reaction as in an electric battery or fuel cell, it is called an electrochemical reaction. In electrochemical reactions, unlike in other chemical reactions,  electrons are not transferred directly between atoms, ions, or molecules, but via the aforementioned electric circuit. This phenomenon is what distinguishes an electrochemical reaction from a conventional chemical reaction.
Metford, New South Wales
Metford is a suburb of the city of Maitland, New South Wales, Australia. It is on the New England Highway and has a railway station on NSW TrainLink's Hunter line.  The line was opened in 1857, and the station was opened on 17 March 1995.

Hunter Line
The Hunter Line (HUN) is an intercity rail service running from Newcastle, with two branches to Dungog and Scone in the Hunter Region of New South Wales, Australia. It operates on the Newcastle, Main North and North Coast lines.
Operation Gold Fish
Operation Gold Fish is a 2019 Indian Telugu-language action thriller film written and directed by Sai Kiran Adivi and produced by Vinayakudu Talkies, U&I Entertainments. The story is inspired by true events of mass exodus of Kashmiri Pandits from the valley in the 1990s. The film starring Aadi as an NSG commando, Nithya Naresh, Sasha Chhetri, Karthik Raju and Parvateesam, has Abburi Ravi, the Telugu writer, as the antagonist. The patriotic thriller has Aadi playing an NSG commando.

With the abrogation of Article 370 in Jammu and Kashmir, the script has been changed to suit the current scenario, and new scenes were shot reflecting the aspirations of Kashmiri Pandits. The film was released on 18 October 2019.
This movie got mixed reviews from critics and was also a box-office bomb.

Kashmiri Pandits
The Kashmiri Pandits (also known as Kashmiri Brahmins) are a group of Kashmiri Hindus and a part of the larger Saraswat Brahmin community of India. They belong to the Pancha Gauda Brahmin group from the Kashmir Valley, located within the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir.
Kashmiri Pandits are Hindu Kashmiris native to the Kashmir Valley, and the only remaining Hindu Kashmiris after the large-scale conversion of the Valley's population to Islam during medieval times. Prompted by the growth of Islamic militancy in the valley, large numbers left in the exodus of the 1990s. Even so, small numbers remain.
Aleksander Augezdecky
Aleksander Augezdecky (or Aujezdecki) (born in the early sixteenth century, died in 1577 in Litomyšl) was a Polish printer and publisher of Czech origin.

In the years 1539–1544 he printed in Litomyšl, and some years later led a workshop in Königsberg (Polish: Królewiec).

Augezdecky printed works by Mikołaj Rej, Jan Seklucjan, Stanisław Murzynowski, Grzegorz Orsatius and Eustachy Trepka. While in Królewiec, Augezdecky over the course of eight years published around twenty Polish language works. In 1554 Duke Albert decided to back a different printer, Hans Daubmann and as a result Augezdecky, faced with competition left the city. Around the year 1558 he acquired a printing press in Szamotuły, which he ran until 1561.

He was a member of the Czech brethren.

Mikołaj Rej
Mikołaj Rej or Mikołaj Rey of Nagłowice (4 February 1505 – between 8 September/5 October 1569) was a Polish poet and prose writer of the emerging Renaissance in Poland as it succeeded the Middle Ages, as well as a politician and musician. He was the first Polish author to write exclusively in the Polish language, and is considered (with Biernat of Lublin and Jan Kochanowski), to be one of the founders of Polish literary language and literature.
João Paulo (footballer, born June 1985)
João Paulo de Oliveira (born 13 June 1985 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) is a Brazilian footballer currently playing for Novorizontino.

He has played for Brasil de Pelotas, Madureira, Glória, Juventude in Brazil, Germinal and Bornem in the Belgian second division as well.

Madureira Esporte Clube
Madureira Esporte Clube, usually abbreviated to Madureira, is a Brazilian football team based in the city of Rio de Janeiro, in the neighbourhood of Madureira. The team compete in Campeonato Carioca, the top tier of the Rio de Janeiro state football league.
Haaler Au
Haaler Au (German pronunciation: [ˈhaːlɐ ˈaʊ̯] ⓘ) is a river in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. Before the building of the Kiel Canal the Haaler Au was a tributary of the Eider. The Kiel Canal cut the old river bed, now the Haaler Au ends at the Kiel Canal. Shortly before the Canal the river forms a lake.

The usage of canoes and rowboats is possible on the lower part of the river.

Kiel Canal
The Kiel Canal (German: Nord-Ostsee-Kanal, formerly Kaiser-Wilhelm-Kanal) is a 98-kilometer-long (61 mi) freshwater canal that links the North Sea to the Baltic Sea. It runs through the German state of Schleswig-Holstein, from Brunsbüttel, at the mouth of the Elbe, to Holtenau, on the Kiel Fjord. It was constructed between 1887 and 1895 and widened between 1907 and 1914. In addition to the two sea entrances, the canal is linked at Oldenbüttel to the navigable River Eider by the short Gieselau Canal.

The canal reduces the journey between the North and Baltic Seas by 460 km (290 mi) by allowing ships to bypass the Jutland peninsula and the Danish straits. It is one of the world's most frequented artificial waterways, with an annual average of 32,000 ships (90 daily), transporting approximately 100 million tonnes of goods.
Wilczkowo, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Wilczkowo [vilt͡ʂˈkɔvɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lubomino, within Lidzbark County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is located on Highway 593 about halfway between Dobre Miasto on the east and Miłakowo on the west. The village is located in the historical region of Warmia, which was part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth until the Partitions of Poland in the late 18th century.

Lidzbark County
Lidzbark County (Polish: powiat lidzbarski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland. Its administrative seat and largest town is Lidzbark Warmiński, which lies 38 kilometres (24 mi) north of the regional capital Olsztyn. The only other town in the county is Orneta, lying 30 km (19 mi) west of Lidzbark Warmiński.

The county covers an area of 924.42 square kilometres (356.9 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 43,006, out of which the population of Lidzbark Warmiński is 16,390, that of Orneta is 9,380, and the rural population is 17,236.
2020 York Centre federal by-election
A by-election was held in the federal riding of York Centre in Ontario on October 26, 2020 following the resignation of incumbent Liberal MP Michael Levitt after 5 years in Parliament. The seat was held for the Liberals by businesswoman Ya'ara Saks, albeit on a much reduced majority. People's Party of Canada leader Maxime Bernier ran in this election to attempt to gain his party's first seat in Parliament (after having lost his seat in Beauce - the party's only seat - to the Conservatives in the 2019 election), to little success, winning just several hundred votes.

It was held on the same day as the by-election in nearby Toronto Centre.

Toronto Centre (federal electoral district)
Toronto Centre (French: Toronto-Centre) is a federal electoral district in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1872 to 1925, and since 1935, under the names Centre Toronto (1872–1903), Toronto Centre (1903–1925, and since 2004), Rosedale (1935–1997), and Toronto Centre—Rosedale (1997–2004).

Toronto Centre contains a large part of Downtown Toronto. The riding contains areas such as Regent Park (Canada's first social housing development), St. James Town (a largely immigrant area and the most densely populated neighbourhood in Canada), Cabbagetown, Church and Wellesley (a historic LGBTQ2 neighbourhood), Toronto Metropolitan University and part of the city's financial district (the east side of Yonge Street). At just under 6 square kilometres (2.3 mi2), it is the smallest riding in Canada by area.
Inosine triphosphate
Inosine triphosphate (ITP) is an intermediate in the purine metabolism pathway, seen in the synthesis of ATP and GTP. It comprises an inosine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.

ITP results from deamination of ATP. Incorporation of ITP into the DNA from the nucleotide pool can lead to DNA damage, mutagenesis and other harmful effects. ITP is processed by the enzyme inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase (ITPA), which turns it into inosine monophosphate (IMP), to avoid incorporation into DNA.

Moiety (chemistry)
In organic chemistry, a moiety (/ˈmɔɪəti/ MOY-ə-tee) is a part of a molecule that is given a name because it is identified as a part of other molecules as well.

Typically, the term is used to describe the larger and characteristic parts of organic molecules, and it should not be used to describe or name smaller functional groups of atoms that chemically react in similar ways in most molecules that contain them. Occasionally, a moiety may contain smaller moieties and functional groups.

A moiety that acts as a branch extending from the backbone of a hydrocarbon molecule is called a substituent or side chain, which typically can be removed from the molecule and substituted with others.

The term is also used in pharmacology, where an active moiety is the part of a molecule responsible for the physiological or pharmacological action of a drug.
2004–05 Danish Superliga
The 2004–05 Danish Superliga season was the 15th season of the Danish Superliga league championship, governed by the Danish Football Association. It took place from 24 July 2004 to 19 June 2005.

The Danish champions qualified for 2005–06 UEFA Champions League qualifying rounds and the 2005–06 Royal League. The runners-up qualified for 2005–06 UEFA Cup qualifying rounds and Royal League, while the 3rd and 4th placed teams qualified for Royal League. The 11th and 12th-placed teams were relegated to the 1st Division. The 1st Division champions and runners-up were promoted to the Superliga.

2005–06 UEFA Cup qualifying rounds
The qualifying rounds for the 2005–06 UEFA Cup began on 14 July 2005. In total, there were two qualifying rounds which narrowed clubs down to 80 teams in preparation for the first round.

Times are CEST (UTC+2), as listed by UEFA (local times, if different, are in parentheses).
(heparan sulfate)-glucosamine 3-sulfotransferase 2
In enzymology, a [heparan sulfate]-glucosamine 3-sulfotransferase 2 (EC 2.8.2.29) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate + [heparan sulfate]-glucosamine  adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + [heparan sulfate]-glucosamine 3-sulfate

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate and heparan sulfate-glucosamine, whereas its two products are adenine 3',5'-bis-phosphate and heparan sulfate-glucosamine 3-sulfate.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferences, specifically the transformer, which transfer sulfur-containing groups.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3'-phosphorylation-sulfate:[heparin sulfate]-glucose 3-nontransferable. Other names in common use include glucose 3-O-nontransferable, heparin sulfate D-glucose 3-O-nontransferable, and formalism/isomerism 2 (3-OAT-2, HST).  This enzyme participates in heparan sulfate biosynthesis and glycogen structures - biosynthesis 1.

3'-Phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate
3′-Phosphoadenosine-5′-phosphosulfate (PAPS) is a derivative of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) that is phosphorylated at the 3′ position and has a sulfate group attached to the 5′ phosphate.  It is the most common coenzyme in sulfotransferase reactions and hence part of sulfation pathways. It is endogenously synthesized by organisms via the phosphorylation of adenosine 5′-phosphosulfate (APS), an intermediary metabolite. In humans such reaction is performed by bifunctional 3′-phosphoadenosine 5′-phosphosulfate synthases (PAPSS1 and PAPSS2) using ATP as the phosphate donor.
William Smith House (Wrightstown, Pennsylvania)
The William Smith House, also known as Brooks, is an historic, American home that is located in Wrightstown, Bucks County, Pennsylvania.

The oldest structure in Wrightstown and one of the oldest in the nation, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.

Bucks County, Pennsylvania
Bucks County is in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 646,538, making it the fourth-most populous county in Pennsylvania. Its county seat is Doylestown. The county is named after the English county of Buckinghamshire. The county is part of the Southeast region of the commonwealth.

The county represents the northern boundary of the Philadelphia–Camden–Wilmington, PA–NJ–DE–MD metropolitan statistical area.

To its southwest, Bucks County borders Montgomery County and Philadelphia, the nation's sixth-largest city. To its east, the county borders the Delaware River and U.S. state of New Jersey. To its north, the county borders Lehigh and Northampton counties in the state's Lehigh Valley region. The county is approximately 30 miles (48 km) southeast of Allentown, the state's third-largest city, and 40 miles (64 km) north of Philadelphia, the state's largest city.