hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kent v Griffiths
Kent v Griffiths [2000] 2 All ER 474 is an English tort law case from the Court of Appeal concerning negligence, particularly the duty of care owed by the emergency services; particularly the ambulance service. The emergency services do not generally owe a duty of care to the public except in certain, limited circumstances (Hill v Chief Constable of West Yorkshire [1989] AC 53 (HL).

English law
English law is the common law legal system of England and Wales, comprising mainly criminal law and civil law, each branch having its own courts and procedures. The judiciary is independent, and legal principles like fairness, equality before the law, and the right to a fair trial are foundational to the system.
Rosary High School (Vadodara)
Rosary High School is a co-educational high school in Pratapgunj, Vadodara, Gujarat, India managed by the Society of Jesus and recognized by the Gujarat Secondary and Higher Secondary Education Board. Though a Catholic institution, it welcomes pupils of all castes and creeds and prepares them for the Secondary School certificate and Higher Secondary School Certificate Examinations. It comprises classes from Kindergarten through 10th grade with parallel divisions, having Gujarati and English as the media of instruction. The school also runs Science and Commerce Streams for 11th and 12th grade students. Rosary students are known as Rosarites.

The school prepares its pupils for the Secondary School Certificate and Higher Secondary School Certificate.

In a 2008 survey by Education World, the school was ranked 19th in the Western region and 61st overall.

Vadodara
Vadodara (Gujarati: [ˌʋəˈɖo.d̪ɾɐ̯] ⓘ), also known as Baroda, is a city on the banks of the Vishwamitri River in the Indian state of Gujarat. It serves as the administrative headquarters of the Vadodara district. The city is named for its abundance of banyan (vad) trees. Vadodara is also locally referred to as the Sanskrutik Nagari (transl. 'Cultural City') and Kala Nagari (transl. 'City of Art') of India.

The city is prominent for landmarks such as the Laxmi Vilas Palace, which served as the residence of the Maratha royal Gaekwad dynasty that ruled over Baroda State. It is also the home of the Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda.
Indian Journal of Theology
The Indian Journal of Theology was a biannual peer-reviewed academic journal of Christian theology. It was established in 1952 and the last issue appeared in 2004. It was published by Bishop's College, Calcutta) and the theology department at Serampore College. The editors-in-chief were V.C. Samuel (1960-1963), Pratap Chandra Gine, and V. J. John.

Christian theology
Christian theology is the theology – the systematic study of the divine and religion – of Christian belief and practice. It concentrates primarily upon the texts of the Old Testament and of the New Testament, as well as on Christian tradition. Christian theologians use biblical exegesis, rational analysis and argument. Theologians may undertake the study of Christian theology for a variety of reasons, such as in order to:

help them better understand Christian tenets

make comparisons between Christianity and other traditions

defend Christianity against objections and criticism

facilitate reforms in the Christian church

assist in the propagation of Christianity

draw on the resources of the Christian tradition to address some present situation or perceived need

education in Christian philosophy, especially in Neoplatonic philosophy
Soberlink
Soberlink is a Huntington Beach, California based technology company that provides remote alcohol monitoring system to track sobriety in real time. The company develops software and hardware such as breathalyzer, facial recognition and wireless connectivity to record blood alcohol concentration (BAC) tests.

Blood alcohol content
Blood alcohol content (BAC), also known as blood alcohol concentration or blood alcohol level, is the concentration of alcohol in a person's blood, measured for legal or medical purposes.

BAC is expressed as the mass of alcohol per unit volume of blood. In the United States and many other countries, it is commonly reported as a percentage, such as 0.08% (equivalent to 0.8 g/L). Legal limits for driving vary by country, ranging from zero tolerance policies to 0.08%. Levels above 0.40% (4 g/L) may be fatal.
Daxue Mountain
Daxue Mountain (大雪山, Daxue Shan) is a high mountain in Yongde County, Yunnan, China. It is located west of China National Highway 323, about 50 km to the northwest of Lincang.

With a height of 3,510 m and a prominence of 2,051 m, the Daxue Shan is the most prominent peak of the Indo-Malayan System in Southeast Asia.

Ultra-prominent peak
An ultra-prominent peak, or ultra for short, is a mountain summit with a topographic prominence of 1,500 metres (4,900 ft) or more; it is also called a P1500. The prominence of a peak is the minimum height of climb to the summit on any route from a higher peak, or from sea level if there is no higher peak. There are about 1,500 such peaks on Earth. Some well-known peaks, such as the Matterhorn and Eiger, are not ultras because they are connected to higher mountains by high cols and thus do not achieve enough topographic prominence.

The term "ultra” derives from "ultra major mountain,” a term proposed by earth scientist Steve Fry, who studied peaks in Washington in the 1980s.
Andrew Thomas Mlugu
Andrew Thomas Mlugu (born 12 November 1995) is a Tanzanian judoka. He competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in the men's 73 kg event, in which he was eliminated in the second round by Jake Bensted. He was the flag bearer for Tanzania in the Parade of Nations.

2016 Summer Olympics Parade of Nations
During the Parade of Nations within the Rio de Janeiro 2016 Summer Olympics opening ceremony, athletes and officials from each participating team marched in the Maracanã Stadium preceded by their flag and placard bearer. Each flag bearer had been chosen either by the team's National Olympic Committee or by the athletes themselves.
P&N Bank
P&N Bank is a division of Police & Nurses Limited and is an Australian customer-owned bank based in Western Australia. Operating under a mutual model, P&N Bank provides retail banking services such as home loans, savings accounts, and insurance services. The bank has a network of branches throughout Perth and Bunbury.

As a customer-owned bank, there are no third-party shareholders.

Bunbury, Western Australia
Bunbury (/ˈbʌnbəɹɪ/ BUN-bə-REE; Noongar: Goomburrup) is a coastal city in the Australian state of Western Australia, approximately 175 kilometres (109 mi) south of the state capital, Perth. It is the state's third most populous city after Perth and Mandurah, with a population of approximately 75,000.

Located at the south of the Leschenault Estuary, Bunbury was established in 1836 on the orders of Governor James Stirling, A port was constructed on the existing natural harbour soon after, and eventually became the main port for the wider South West region. Further economic growth was fuelled by completion of the South Western Railway in 1893, which linked Bunbury with Perth.

Greater Bunbury includes four local government areas (the City of Bunbury and the shires of Capel, Dardanup, and Harvey), and extends between Yarloop in the north, Boyanup to the south and Capel to the southwest.
Esther (given name)
Esther (Hebrew: אֶסְתֵּר) is a female given name known from the Jewish queen Esther, eponymous heroine of the Book of Esther.

According to the Hebrew Bible, queen Esther was born with the name הֲדַסָּה‎ Hadassah ("Myrtle"). Her name was changed to Esther to hide her identity upon becoming queen of Persia. The three letter root of Esther in Hebrew is s-t-r (סתר‎), "hide, conceal". The passive infinitive is (לְהִסָּ֫תֶר‎), "to be hidden".

The name can be derived from the Old Persian stāra (NPer. ستاره setāra, meaning "star") although some scholars identify Esther with the name of the Babylonian goddess of love Ishtar, given its association with the planet Venus (in its role as the Morning Star and the Evening star; see also the Star of Ishtar).

Grammatical gender
In linguistics, a grammatical gender system is a specific form of a noun class system, where nouns are assigned to gender categories that are often not related to the real-world qualities of the entities denoted by those nouns. In languages with grammatical gender, most or all nouns inherently carry one value of the grammatical category called gender. The values present in a given language, of which there are usually two or three, are called the genders of that language. Determiners, adjectives, and pronouns also change their form depending on the noun to which they refer.

According to one estimate, gender is used in approximately half of the world's languages.
Shelter Insurance
Shelter Mutual Insurance Company is a mutual insurance company which focuses on auto, property, business, and life Insurance. It operates in fifteen U.S. states and its corporate office is located in Columbia, Missouri.

Shelter was founded in 1946 as the insurance subsidiary of the Missouri Farmers Association, and was called MFA Mutual Insurance Company. In 1981, the name was changed to Shelter Insurance Companies, following MFA's popular slogan: “MFA is your Shield of Shelter.” Since its founding, the company's corporate office has remained in Columbia. The Shelter Insurance Gardens are located adjacent to the corporate office in Columbia.

Vehicle insurance
Vehicle insurance (also known as car insurance, motor insurance, or auto insurance) is insurance for cars, trucks, motorcycles, and other road vehicles. Its primary use is to provide financial protection against physical damage or bodily injury resulting from traffic collisions and against liability that could also arise from incidents in a vehicle. Vehicle insurance may additionally offer financial protection against theft of the vehicle, and against damage to the vehicle sustained from events other than traffic collisions, such as vandalism, weather or natural disasters, and damage sustained by colliding with stationary objects. The specific terms of vehicle insurance vary with legal regulations in each region.
26th Young Artist Awards
The 26th Young Artist Awards ceremony, presented by the Young Artist Association, honored excellence of young performers under the age of 21 in the fields of film and television for the year 2004, and took place on April 30, 2005, at the Sportsmen's Lodge in Studio City, Los Angeles, California.

Established in 1978 by long-standing Hollywood Foreign Press Association member, Maureen Dragone, the Young Artist Association was the first organization to establish an awards ceremony specifically set to recognize and award the contributions of performers under the age of 21 in the fields of film, television, theater and music.

Young Artist Award
The Young Artist Award (originally known as the Youth in Film Award) is an accolade presented by the Young Artist Foundation, an American nonprofit organization founded in 1978 to honor excellence of youth performers, and to provide scholarships for young artists who may be physically disabled or financially unstable.

First presented in 1979, the Young Artist Awards was the first organization established to specifically recognize and award the contributions of performers under the age of 18 in the fields of film, television, theater, and music.

The 1st Youth In Film Awards ceremony was held in October 1979, at the Sheraton Universal Hotel in Hollywood to honor outstanding young performers of the 1978/1979 season.
Lake Johanna (Ramsey County, Minnesota)
Lake Johanna is a lake in Ramsey County, in the U.S. state of Minnesota.

It was named after Johanna McKenty, an early settler.

Fish species in the lake include black crappie, bluegill, bowfin (dogfish), green sunfish, hybrid sunfish, largemouth bass, northern pike, pumpkinseed, tiger muskellunge, walleye, white sucker, yellow bullhead, yellow perch.

Green sunfish
The green sunfish (Lepomis cyanellus) is a species of aggressive freshwater fish in the sunfish family (Centrarchidae) of order Centrarchiformes. The green sunfish does not always grow large enough to be an appealing target for anglers, but it is kept as an aquarium fish by hobbyists. They grow to be 3–6 inches (7.6–15.2 cm) long on average, but can achieve a length of 12 inches (30 cm).
Falko Steinbach
Falko Steinbach (born 30 September 1957 in Aachen, West Germany) is a German/American pianist, composer and piano pedagogue. As a Steinway Artist,  Steinbach is described as an expert in the classical repertory, and a specialist in contemporary music. In 1999, he joined the music faculty at the University of New Mexico and became a full professor of piano in 2010. He was granted US citizenship in 2011, and now as a dual national continues an extended international performance career as a soloist, recording artist and collaborative performer in America, Europe and Asia. He is a noted teacher of piano and composition, and author of several significant pedagogical works including an acclaimed volume on piano methodology, “A Compendium of Piano Technique”. He is frequently invited to give lectures, master classes, and recitals at international music festivals, academic conferences, and universities worldwide, and to act as judge for national and international piano competitions.

Contemporary classical music
Contemporary classical music is Western art music composed close to the present day. At the beginning of the 21st century, it commonly referred to the post-1945 post-tonal music after the death of Anton Webern, and included serial music, electronic music, experimental music, and minimalist music. Newer forms of music include spectral music and post-minimalism.
James E. Collins House
The James E. Collins House in Franklin, Tennessee, United States, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places but was removed in 1995.  The property was also known as Anderson House.

It was built or has other significance as of c.1866, and included Central passage plan and other architecture.  When listed the property included one contributing building, one contributing structure, and one non-contributing structure, on an area of 5.6 acres (2.3 ha).

The property was covered in a 1988 study of Williamson County historical resources.

Central-passage house
The central-passage house, also known variously as central hall plan house, center-hall house, hall-passage-parlor house, Williamsburg cottage, and Tidewater-type cottage, was a vernacular, or folk form, house type from the colonial period onward into the 19th century in the United States.
Division of Wimmera
The Division of Wimmera was an Australian electoral division in the state of Victoria. It was named after the Wimmera region in which it was partially located. The division was proclaimed in 1900, and was one of the original 65 divisions to be contested at the first federal election.

It originally encompassed Mildura, Swan Hill and Warracknabeal. In 1949, the Division of Mallee took the seat's northern area.

By the time the seat was abolished on 31 October 1977, it had drifted south and grown smaller to only include Ararat, Horsham and Maryborough. It become part of the Division of Mallee, reuniting the two divisions.

Maryborough, Victoria
Maryborough (/ˈmɛəribərə/) is a town in Victoria, Australia, on the Pyrenees Highway, 58 kilometres (36 mi) north of Ballarat and 168 kilometres (104 mi) northwest of Melbourne, in the Shire of Central Goldfields. At the 2021 census, the urban centre had a population of 7,769, while the larger Level 2 Statistical Area which includes the urban fringe, had a population of 8,160, both an increase of more than 3% since 2016.
José Velázquez de Medrano
José Velázquez de Medrano (1561–1622) was a Navarrese noble and artist from the House of Medrano in Logroño and the most significant silversmith and goldsmith of his time during the Spanish Golden Age.

Tarazona
Tarazona is a town and municipality in the Tarazona y el Moncayo comarca, province of Zaragoza, in Aragon, Spain. It is the capital of the Tarazona y el Moncayo Aragonese comarca. It is also the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Tarazona. Located on the river Queiles, a tributary of the Ebro, Tarazona was an important regional centre of ancient Rome, known as Turiaso, located around 60 kilometres (37 mi) from Bilbilis. The city later came under the rule of the Visigoths, who called it Tirasona.

Tarazona has an area of 244.01 square kilometers and a population of 10,756 and is located 480 meters above sea level.
Mura-Matanawi languages
The Mura-Matanawí languages are a proposed language grouping consisting of the Mura language (with the Pirahã dialect) and extinct Matanawí. Glottolog evaluates it as "promising" but does not rule out chance for the similarities. The family was first proposed by Curt Nimuendajú in 1922.

Pirahã language
Pirahã (also spelled Pirahá, Pirahán), or Múra-Pirahã, is the indigenous language of the Pirahã people of Amazonas, Brazil. The Pirahã live along the Maici River, a tributary of the Amazon River.

Pirahã is the only surviving dialect of the Mura language; all others having died out in the last few centuries as most groups of the Mura people have shifted to Portuguese. Due to this, Pirahã can be considered its own language now, as no other Mura dialects have survived. Suspected relatives, such as Matanawi, are also extinct. Pirahã is estimated to have between 250 and 380 speakers. It is not in immediate danger of extinction, as its use is vigorous and the Pirahã community is mostly monolingual.

The Pirahã language is the subject of various controversial claims; for example, that it provides evidence against linguistic relativity. The controversy is compounded by the difficulty of learning the language; the number of linguists with field experience in Pirahã is very small.
Found in Translation Award
The Found in Translation Award is an annual award for the best translation of Polish literature into English. The award is given to the translator(s) who also receive a cash prize of 16,000 zł.

The award was established by the Kraków-based Book Institute, the Polish Cultural Institute in London, the Polish Cultural Institute in New York and the W.A.B. Publishing House in Warsaw on 15 October 2007. Since 2015, the FIL Award has been awarded by the Book Institute, the Polish Cultural Institute in London and the Polish Cultural Institute in New York (in 2016, they were joined by the Polish Institute in New Delhi). The first winner of the award was announced in 2008.

Bill Johnston (translator)
Bill Johnston (born 1960) is a prolific Polish language literary translator and professor of comparative literature at Indiana University. His work has helped expose English-speaking readers to classic and contemporary Polish poetry and fiction.
Italian Peoples Bakery
Italian Peoples Bakery is a bakery and delicatessen founded in 1936 and located in the Chambersburg neighborhood of Trenton, New Jersey. The bakery expanded to wholesale distribution of products and now serves parts of Pennsylvania and New Jersey.

Delicatessen
A delicatessen or deli is a grocery store that sells a selection of fine, exotic, or foreign prepared foods. Delicatessens originated in Germany (contemporary spelling: Delikatessen) during the 18th century and spread to Canada and the United States in the mid-19th century. European immigrants to Canada and the United States, especially Ashkenazi Jews, popularized the delicatessen in North American culture beginning in the late 19th century. Today, many large retail stores like supermarkets have deli sections.
Frederick Taylor (historian)
Frederick Taylor (born 28 December 1947 at Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire) is a British novelist and historian specialising in modern German history.

He was educated at Aylesbury Grammar School and read History and Modern Languages at Oxford University. He did postgraduate work at Sussex University on the rise of the extreme right in Germany in the early twentieth century. Before embarking on the series of historical monographs for which he is best known, he translated The Goebbels Diaries 1939–1941 into English and wrote novels set in Germany.

Aylesbury Grammar School
Aylesbury Grammar School is an 11–18 boys grammar school in Aylesbury, in the English county of Buckinghamshire, which educates approximately 1300 boys.

Founded in 1598 by Sir Henry Lee, Champion of Queen Elizabeth I, Aylesbury Grammar School celebrated 100 years on its current site in Walton Road in 2007. It is commonly referred to by its students, staff and others in the local area by the abbreviation AGS.
Lothar H. Wieler
Lothar Heinz Wieler (born 8 February 1961) is a German veterinarian and microbiologist who served as president of the Robert Koch Institute (RKI) from 2015 to 2023. In this capacity, he advised the German Federal and State Governments on topics of public health, especially infection hazards, and on the containment of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Microbiologist
A microbiologist (from Greek μῑκρος) is a scientist who studies microscopic life forms and processes. This includes study of the growth, interactions and characteristics of microscopic organisms such as bacteria, algae, fungi, and some types of parasites and their vectors. Most microbiologists work in offices and/or research facilities, both in private biotechnology companies and in academia. Most microbiologists specialize in a given topic within microbiology such as bacteriology, parasitology, virology, or immunology.
Tønder (nomination district)
Tønder nominating district is one of the 92 nominating districts that exists for Danish elections following the 2007 municipal reform. It consists of Tønder Municipality. It was created in 1920 following its reunification with Denmark, though its boundaries have been changed since then.

In general elections, the district is a very strong area for parties commonly associated with the blue bloc.

1920 Schleswig plebiscites
The Schleswig plebiscites were two plebiscites, organized according to section XII, articles 109 to 114 of the Treaty of Versailles of 28 June 1919, in order to determine the future border between Denmark and Germany through the former Duchy of Schleswig. The process was monitored by a commission with representatives from France, the United Kingdom, Norway and Sweden.

The plebiscites were held on 10 February and 14 March 1920, and the result was that the larger northern portion (Zone I) voted to join Denmark, which occurred 15 June 1920, while the smaller southern portion (Zone II) voted to remain part of Germany.

Order in the plebiscite area was ensured by a joint British-French mission, whose work was awarded the official award of Denmark - "Schleswig Commemorative Medal 1920" — "Schleswig Memorial Medal 1920" (other spellings of the name are "Schleswig Plebiscite Medal 1920" and "Den Slesvigske Eringdringsmedaille af 1920").
Arya Samaj in Mauritius
Arya Samaj (Sanskrit ārya samāja आर्य समाज "Arya Society")  is a Hindu reform movement in Mauritius. Established in 1911, the Arya Paropkarini Sabha was officially registered in 1913. Since its creation Arya Samaj has had a great influence on the religious, social, educational and political lives of the people of Indian origin on the island. It has endeavoured to uphold the principles and ideals set forth by Maharishi Dayanand and his reformist movement. Some of the more notable ideals are women parity and free access to education. It has provided Hindus with a choice of progressive Hinduism, has promoted education with particular emphasis on Hindi and established orphanages, primary schools, colleges and tertiary institution.

Vacoas-Phoenix
Vacoas-Phoenix (Mauritian Creole pronunciation: [vakwa feniks] ⓘ) also known as French: Villes Jumelles (Twin Cities), is a town in Mauritius, located in the Plaines Wilhems District, the eastern part also lies in the Moka District. The town is administered by the Municipal Council of Vacoas-Phoenix. The town lies between Quatre Bornes and Curepipe.