hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Esava Ratugolea
Esava Ratugolea (born 24 July 1998) is a professional Australian rules footballer playing for the Port Adelaide Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). Ratugolea was initially drafted by Geelong with their third pick and forty-third overall in the 2016 national draft. Ratugolea made his debut in Geelong's 3-point win against Melbourne in round 1, 2018 at the Melbourne Cricket Ground.

Ratugolea was born in Griffith, New South Wales. His parents are Fijian, and arrived in Australia a few years before his birth. At the age of six, Ratugolea moved to Cobram, Victoria. He only began playing football in 2011, after previously playing rugby and soccer.

At the end of the 2023 AFL season, he was traded to Port Adelaide.

2016 AFL draft
The 2016 AFL draft consisted of the various periods where the 18 clubs in the Australian Football League (AFL) could trade and recruit players following the completion of the 2016 AFL season. Additions to each club's playing list are not allowed at any other time during the year.

The key dates for the trading and drafting periods were:

The free agency offer period; held between 7 October and 19 October. Three further free agency periods were held for delisted players, between 1 November and 8 November, 10 November to 18 November, and 26 November to 27 November,

The trade period; held between 10 October and 20 October,

The 2016 national draft; held on 25 November, at the Hordern Pavilion, which included live bidding for academy and father-son selections.

The 2017 pre-season draft; which was to be held on 28 November, but was cancelled when all clubs declined to take part, and

The 2017 rookie draft; which was held on 28 November.
Philippe Abraham Peticolas
Philippe Abraham Peticolas (1760 – 1841) was an early American artist known for his portraits and miniatures. He was born in Ardennes, France. His sons were also notable creatives of antebellum Virginia.

Ardennes (department)
Ardennes (French: [aʁdɛn] ⓘ) is a department in the Grand Est region of northeastern France named after the broader Ardennes. Its prefecture is the town Charleville-Mézières. The department has 270,582 inhabitants. The inhabitants of the department are known as Ardennais or Ardennaises.
MSH6
MSH6 or mutS homolog 6 is a gene that codes for DNA mismatch repair protein Msh6 in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is the homologue of the human "G/T binding protein," (GTBP) also called p160 or hMSH6 (human MSH6). The MSH6 protein is a member of the Mutator S (MutS) family of proteins that are involved in DNA damage repair.

Defects in hMSH6 are associated with atypical hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer not fulfilling the Amsterdam criteria for HNPCC. hMSH6 mutations have also been linked to endometrial cancer and the development of endometrial carcinomas.

CpG site
The CpG sites or CG sites are regions of DNA where a cytosine nucleotide is followed by a guanine nucleotide in the linear sequence of bases along its 5' → 3' direction. CpG sites occur with high frequency in genomic regions called CpG islands. CpGs are the common unit of methylation because their information is double stranded (the GpC complement is also methylated). This allows methylation information to be preserved during cell division.

Cytosines in CpG dinucleotides can be methylated to form 5-methylcytosines. Enzymes that add a methyl group are called DNA methyltransferases. In mammals, 70% to 80% of CpG cytosines are methylated. Methylating the cytosine within a gene can change its expression, a mechanism that is part of a larger field of science studying gene regulation that is called epigenetics. Methylated cytosines often mutate to thymines.

In humans, about 70% of promoters located near the transcription start site of a gene (proximal promoters) contain a CpG island.
Kala (province)
Kala was a province of the Mali Empire and later the Songhai Empire, in modern-day Mali. Historically the term applied to the territory on both banks of the Niger River upstream of the Inner Niger Delta, north of Bendugu. By the 18th century the term was restricted to the north bank.

Inner Niger Delta
The Inner Niger Delta, also known as the Macina or Masina, is the  inland river delta of the Niger River. It is an area of fluvial wetlands, lakes and floodplains in the semi-arid Sahel area of central Mali, just south of the Sahara Desert.
Labradorite
Labradorite ((Ca, Na)(Al, Si)4O8) is a calcium-enriched feldspar mineral first identified in Labrador, Canada, which can display an iridescent effect (schiller).

Labradorite is an intermediate to calcic member of the plagioclase series. It has an anorthite percentage (%An) of between 50 and 70. The specific gravity ranges from 2.68 to 2.72. The streak is white, like most silicates. The refractive index ranges from 1.559 to 1.573 and twinning is common. As with all plagioclase members, the crystal system is triclinic, and three directions of cleavage are present, two of which are nearly at right angles and are more obvious, being of good to perfect quality (while the third direction is poor). It occurs as clear, white to gray, blocky to lath shaped grains in common mafic igneous rocks such as basalt and gabbro, as well as in anorthosites.

Crystal twinning
Crystal twinning occurs when two or more adjacent crystals of the same mineral are oriented so that they share some of the same crystal lattice points in a symmetrical manner. The result is an intergrowth of two separate crystals that are tightly bonded to each other. The surface along which the lattice points are shared in twinned crystals is called a composition surface or twin plane.

In crystallography twinned crystals are described by a number of twin laws, which are specific to the crystal structure. The type of twinning can be a diagnostic tool in mineral identification. There are three main types of twinning. The first is growth twinning which can occur both in very large and very small particles. The second is transformation twinning, where there is a change in the crystal structure. The third is deformation twinning, in which twinning develops in a crystal in response to a shear stress, and is an important mechanism for permanent shape changes in a crystal.
Marie Alvequin
Marie Alvequin (1566 – 25 January 1648) was a nun. As a reforming mother superior she restored order to the Penitent Daughters at the Monastery of Saint-Magloire in Paris, where she arrived to take charge in 1616.

Montmartre Abbey
Montmartre Abbey (French: Abbaye de Montmartre) was a 12th-century Benedictine nunnery established in the Montmartre district of Paris within the Diocese of Paris.

In 1133, King Louis VI purchased the  Merovingian church of Saint Peter of Montmartre in order to establish the abbey and in the process to rebuild the church. The restored church was consecrated by Pope Eugenius III in 1147, in a splendid royal ceremony during which Bernard of Clairvaux and Peter, Abbot of Cluny, acted as acolytes.

The abbey was suppressed in 1790, sold in 1794 and demolished during the French Revolution, but its church, Saint-Pierre de Montmartre, survived as the parish church of Montmartre, the oldest church in Paris, now all that remains of the abbey except for a vineyard. The last abbess, Marie-Louise de Laval-Montmorency, was guillotined during the Reign of Terror.
Liu, Estonia
Liu is a village in Pärnu municipality, Pärnu County, in southwestern Estonia, on the coast of Pärnu Bay (part of the Gulf of Riga). It has a population of 103 (as of 1 January 2011). Prior to the 2017 administrative reform of local governments, it was located in Audru Parish.

Gulf of Riga
The Gulf of Riga, also known as the Bay of Riga or the Gulf of Livonia, is a bay of the Baltic Sea between Latvia and Estonia.

The island of Saaremaa (Estonia) partially separates it from the rest of the Baltic Sea. The main connection between the gulf and the Baltic Sea is the Irbe Strait.

The Gulf of Riga, as a sub-basin of the Baltic, also includes the Väinameri Sea in the West Estonian archipelago.
Danzig (surname)
Danzig is a German-language surname, from the German name for the city of Gdańsk, now a part of Poland. Notable people with the surname include:

Alex Dancyg (1948-2024), Polish-born Israeli historian

Avraham Danzig (1748–1820), rabbi, author of works on Jewish law

Glenn Danzig (born 1955), American singer, songwriter and publisher

Jerome Alan Danzig (1913–2001). American reporter, news producer and political adviser

Mac Danzig (born 1980), American professional mixed martial arts practitioner

Richard Danzig (born 1944), American lawyer and former Secretary of the Navy

Mac Danzig
Mac Danzig (born January 2, 1980) is an American mixed martial artist, who competed as a lightweight in several MMA promotions, most notably the Ultimate Fighting Championship. He was the winner of The Ultimate Fighter season six.
Beating like a Drum
Beating like a Drum is the third extended play by Australian band, Eskimo Joe, released on 4 August 2007. Originally only a limited number were available at shows on their Beating like a Drum national tour.

The EP features six original Eskimo Joe tracks remixed by Dexter, Sneaky Sound System, Teenager, P-Money, and Bumblebeez, and a mash-up of "Black Fingernails, Red Wine" and "From the Sea" by Nick Launay.

Mashup (music)
A mashup (also mesh, mash up, mash-up, blend, bastard pop or bootleg) is a creative work, usually a song, created by blending two or more pre-recorded songs, typically by superimposing the vocal track of one song seamlessly over the instrumental track of another and changing the tempo and key where necessary. Such works are considered "transformative" of original content and in the United States they may find protection from copyright claims under the "fair use" doctrine of copyright law.
Doug Van Horn
Douglas Claydon Van Horn (born June 24, 1944) is an American former professional football player who was an offensive lineman in the National Football League (NFL) for the Detroit Lions and New York Giants.  He played college football for the Ohio State Buckeyes, earning first-team All-American honors in 1965.  Van Horn was selected in the fourth round of the 1966 NFL draft.  He was also selected in the fifth round of the 1966 AFL draft by the Kansas City Chiefs. He earned the Giants starting right guard spot in 1969, playing in that role until he was switched to right tackle in 1974.

1966 American Football League draft
The 1966 American Football League draft was held on Saturday, November 27, 1965. The AFL added the Miami Dolphins as an expansion team in 1966 to bring its total to nine franchises for its seventh season. The Dolphins were awarded the first overall pick in the draft, who used it to select running back Jim Grabowski. The only Hall of Famer to come out of this draft was kicker Jan Stenerud, who was picked by the Kansas City Chiefs in the third round of the Red Shirt portion of the draft.

This was the last competitive draft of the American Football League before the AFL–NFL merger agreement, which was announced in June 1966. The next draft of college players in 1967 was a common draft, held in mid-March.

The 1966 NFL draft was held the same day, November 27, 1965.
Doutor Pedrinho
Doutor Pedrinho is a municipality in the state of Santa Catarina in the South region of Brazil.
It is located at 26º42'52" from latitude South and 49º29'00" from longitude west, at an altitude of 530 meters. It has a population of 4,115, according to a 2020 Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics estimate. It has an area of 375.758 km².

South Region, Brazil
The South Region of Brazil (Região Sul do Brasil [ʁeʒiˈɐ̃w ˈsuw du bɾaˈziw]) is one of the five regions of Brazil. It includes the states of Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, and Santa Catarina, and covers 576,409.6 square kilometres (222,553.0 sq mi), being the smallest region of the country, occupying only about 6.76% of the territory of Brazil. Its whole area is smaller than that of the state of Minas Gerais, in Southeast Brazil, for example or the whole metropolitan France.

It is a tourist, economic and cultural pole. It borders Uruguay, Argentina, and Paraguay, as well as the Centre-West and Southeast regions, and the Atlantic Ocean. The region is considered the safest in Brazil to visit, having a lower crime rate than other regions in the country.
Petricia vernicina
Petricia vernicina, the velvet seastar, is a sea star in the family Asteropseidae. It is found in Australia, from Caloundra in Queensland south to Tasmania and west to the Houtman Abrolhos (an island chain off Western Australia), as well as at the Kermadec Islands. It lives at depths ranging between the ocean's surface and 60 metres (197 ft). It feeds on lace coral, sea squirts, and sponges.

Kermadec Islands
The Kermadec Islands (/ˈkɜːrmədɛk/ KUR-mə-dek; Māori: Rangitāhua) are a subtropical island arc in the South Pacific Ocean 800–1,000 km (500–620 mi; 430–540 nmi) northeast of New Zealand's North Island, and a similar distance southwest of Tonga. The islands are part of New Zealand. They are 33.6 km2 (13.0 sq mi) in total area and uninhabited, except for the permanently staffed Raoul Island Station, the northernmost outpost of New Zealand.

The islands are listed with the New Zealand outlying islands. The islands are an immediate part of New Zealand, but not part of any region or district, but instead an Area Outside Territorial Authority.
Harrison, Minneapolis
Harrison is a neighborhood in the Near North community in the U.S. city of Minneapolis, located to the west of downtown. Its boundaries are roughly, Olson Memorial Highway to the north, Lyndale Avenue to the east, Bassett Creek to the south, and Theodore Wirth Park to the west.  It is  located in Minneapolis City Council ward 5 and state legislative districts 59B and 63B.

Minnesota Legislature
The Minnesota Legislature is the bicameral legislature of the U.S. state of Minnesota, composed of a Senate and a House of Representatives. The legislature originally met at the old Territorial Capitol in Saint Paul and now convenes at the Minnesota State Capitol. The Senate consists of 67 seats, the House 134 seats and the legislators serve without term limits.

The legislature meets between January and the first Monday following the third Saturday in May each year, not to exceed 120 legislative days per biennium. Floor sessions are held in the Minnesota State Capitol in Saint Paul.

In the 94th Legislature (2025-2026) the Democratic-Farmer-Labor (DFL) Party controls the Senate with 34 of the 67 seats and the House evenly split between the DFL and Republicans, with both parties holding 67 of the 134 seats.
New Providence (horse)
New Providence (1956–1981) is a Thoroughbred racehorse who in 1959 became the first official winner of the Canadian Triple Crown.

Retired to stud duty at owner E. P. Taylor's Windfields Farm in Oshawa, Ontario, New Providence sired a number of good runners of which his daughter South Ocean, a Canadian Oaks winner, would prove to be the most significant. A Canadian Hall of Fame inductee herself, South Ocean was the dam of Canadian Hall of Fame inductees Northernette and Storm Bird, the latter in turn the sire of Storm Cat.

New Providence died in 1981 and is buried at Windfields Farm. In 1982 he was inducted into the Canadian Horse Racing Hall of Fame and Woodbine Racetrack created the New Providence Stakes in his honour.

Woodbine Racetrack
Woodbine Racetrack is a race track for Thoroughbred horse racing in the Etobicoke area of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Owned by Woodbine Entertainment Group, Woodbine Racetrack manages and hosts Canada's most famous race, the King's Plate. The track was opened in 1956 with a one-mile oval dirt track, as well as a seven-eights turf course. It has been extensively remodeled since 1993, and since 1994 has had three racecourses.
Margaret Hannay
Margaret P. Hannay (1944–2016) was an American scholar of Elizabethan literature and author of 17 books. She was professor and head of the English department at Siena College, where she taught from 1980 to 2013. Her best known works included Philip's Phoenix: Mary Sidney, Countess of Pembroke (1990) and Mary Sidney, Lady Wroth (2010).

Hannay was also a noted editor of the work of poet and playwright Mary Sidney. In 1985, she published a collection of essays, Silent but for the Word: Tudor Women As Patrons, Translators, and Writers of Religious Works (1985), which was considered "pioneering in its serious treatment of the writings of early modern women". She was the founder and former president of the Society for the Study of Early Modern Women and former president of the International Sidney Society, both of which awarded her lifetime achievement awards.

Elizabethan literature
Elizabethan literature refers to bodies of work produced during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I (1558–1603), and is one of the most splendid ages of English literature. In addition to drama and the theatre, it saw a flowering of poetry, with new forms like the sonnet, the Spenserian stanza, and dramatic blank verse, as well as prose, including historical chronicles, pamphlets, and the first English novels. Major writers include William Shakespeare, Edmund Spenser, Christopher Marlowe, John Lyly, John Donne, Walter Raleigh, Richard Hooker, Ben Jonson, Philip Sidney, Thomas Kyd, and Richard Barnfield.
Dolce dell'Anguillara
Dolce II dell'Anguillara (also spelled degli Anguillara) (1401 – March 1449) was an Italian condottiero, a member of the Anguillara family of northern Lazio, brother of Everso II.

In 1424 he fought against Jacopo Caldora, general of Braccio da Montone, in the battle of L'Aquila. In the 1430s he fought for Alfonso V of Aragon and for the Republic of Venice. In June 1442 Dolce was hired by Francesco Sforza to fight against the Pope, and two years later he crushed a Papal-Neapolitan force under Francesco Piccinino at Montolmo.

In 1446, after spurring the town of Nepi to rebellion, he was excommunicated by Pope Nicholas V, but he was pardoned soon afterwards. The following year he was again under Sforza, taking part in the Wars in Lombardy. In March 1449, while preparing to besiege Monza, he was ambushed by Carlo Gonzaga and fatally wounded. He died at Pavia.

Nepi
Nepi (anciently Nepet or Nepete) is a town and comune  in the province of Viterbo,   Lazio, central Italy.  The town lies 30 kilometres (19 mi) southeast of the city of Viterbo and about 13 kilometres (8 mi) southwest from Civita Castellana.

The town is known for its mineral springs, sold and bottled under the Acqua di Nepi brand throughout Italy.
Gjirokastër Fortress
Gjirokastër Castle (Albanian: Kalaja e Gjirokastrës or Kalaja e Argjirosë) is a fortress in Gjirokastër, Albania (during Ottoman rule it was historically known as Ergiri while local Greeks referred to it as Argyrokastro, a name applied also to the castle). Gjirokastër Castle is situated at a height of 336 metres (1,102 ft).

The castle dominates the town and overlooks the strategically important route along the river valley. It is open to visitors and contains a military museum featuring captured artillery and memorabilia of the Communist resistance against German occupation, as well as a captured United States Air Force plane to commemorate the Communist regime's struggle against the Western powers.

National Liberation Movement (Albania)
The National Liberation Movement (Albanian: Lëvizja Nacional-Çlirimtare; or Lëvizja Antifashiste Nacional-Çlirimtare (LANÇ)), also translated as National Liberation Front, was an Albanian communist resistance organization that fought in World War II. It was created on 16 September 1942, in a conference held in Pezë, a village near Tirana, and was led by Enver Hoxha. Apart from the figures which had the majority in the General Council it also included known nationalists like Myslim Peza although the Partisans under Yugoslav influence ended up executing numerous Albanian nationalist figures. In May 1944, the Albanian National Liberation Front was transformed into the government of Albania and its leaders became government members, and in August 1945, it was replaced by the Democratic Front.

The National Liberation Army (Ushtria Nacional-Çlirimtare) was the army created by the National Liberation Movement.
Gone to Royalty
Gone to Royalty (foaled 1980 in Ontario) is a Canadian Thoroughbred race horse owned by Pierre-Louis Lévesque, son of Quebec businessman and one of Canada's preeminent racehorse owners, the late Jean-Louis Lévesque. Gone to Royalty was trained by Jacques Dumas. He was sired by Royal Chocolate (winner of 1973 Queen's Plate) out of Bon Debarras, and is half brother to Eternal Search, the 1981 Canadian Champion Sprint Horse and Canadian Champion Older Female Horse of 1982 and 1983.

Among his racing successes, Gone to Royalty was the winner of the 1982 Display Stakes and the 1983 Manitoba Derby. He finished 4th in 1983 Queen's Plate.

Manitoba Derby
The Manitoba Derby is a Canadian Thoroughbred horse race run annually at the beginning of August at Assiniboia Downs in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. Established in 2023, it is the first jewel of the Western Canadian Triple Crown. A Listed Race for three-year-olds, it is contested on dirt over a distance of 1+1⁄8 miles (9 furlongs).
Nockherberg
Nockherberg is the name of a small terrace on the slope of the eastern bank of the Isar in Munich, situated in the urban district of Au. An annual beer festival rich in tradition takes place there in the Paulaner Brewery - the Salvator-Ausschank auf dem Nockherberg The name of the raised terrace is often used synonymously for this festival or its opening event, the tapping of the first barrel of a strong, seasonal beer (Starkbieranstich).

Synonym
A synonym is a word, morpheme, or phrase that has a similar or identical meaning to another word, morpheme, or phrase in a given language. For example, in English, words like begin, start, commence, and initiate are synonyms: they are synonymous. The standard test for synonymy is substitution: one form can be used interchangeably without changing the meaning of the sentence.

Words may be synonymous in only one particular sense: for example, long and extended in the context of long time or extended time are synonymous, but long cannot be used in the phrase extended family.

Synonyms with identical meanings share a seme or denotational sememe, whereas those with inexactly similar meanings share a broader denotational or connotational sememe and overlap within a semantic field. The former are sometimes known as cognitive synonyms, and the latter are referred to as near-synonyms, plesionyms, or poecilonyms.
The Rag
The Rag was an underground newspaper published in Austin, Texas from 1966–1977.  The weekly paper covered political and cultural topics that the conventional press ignored, such as the growing antiwar movement, the sexual revolution, gay liberation, and drug culture. It encouraged these political constituencies and countercultural communities to coalesce into a significant political force in Austin. As the sixth member of the Underground Press Syndicate and the first underground paper in the South, The Rag helped shape a flourishing national underground press.

According to historian and publisher Paul Buhle, The Rag was "one of the first, the most long-lasting and most influential" of the Sixties underground papers.  In his 1972 book, The Paper Revolutionaries, Laurence Leamer called The Rag "one of the few legendary undergrounds."

Anti-war movement
An anti-war movement is a social movement in opposition to one or more nations' decision to start or carry on an armed conflict. The term anti-war can also refer to pacifism, which is the opposition to all use of military force during conflicts, or to anti-war books, paintings, and other works of art. Some activists distinguish between anti-war movements and peace movements. Anti-war activists work through protest and other grassroots means to attempt to pressure a government (or governments) to put an end to a particular war or conflict or to prevent one from arising.