hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thomas Willis Fleming
Thomas James Willis Fleming (19 June 1819 – 7 March 1890) was an English landed proprietor and Conservative Member of Parliament.

He was the second son of John Willis Fleming of North Stoneham Park. He was educated at Eton and Trinity College, Oxford. He was called to the bar of the Middle Temple on 27 January 1843.

His political career was brief. He twice unsuccessfully contested the Isle of Wight seat, in 1847 and 1857. He first contested Winchester in the general election of 1859, when he stood unsuccessfully in alliance with the sitting Conservative MP Sir James Buller East against the two Liberal candidates. Then in February 1864, Sir James Buller East retired and Thomas was returned unopposed. He was defeated at the general election in July 1865.

In 1845 he married Caroline Hunter, by whom he had three sons and four daughters. He died in 1890 at Bern, Switzerland, and was buried at the Bremgartenfriedhof.

1865 United Kingdom general election
The 1865 United Kingdom general election was held 7 July 1865 to 24 July 1865 to elect 658 members of the House of Commons. It saw the Liberals, led by Lord Palmerston, increase their large majority over the Earl of Derby's Conservatives to 80.

Palmerston died in October the same year and was succeeded by Lord John Russell as Prime Minister. Despite the Liberal majority, the party was divided by the issue of further parliamentary reform, and Russell resigned after being defeated in a vote in the House of Commons in 1866, leading to minority Conservative governments under Derby and then Benjamin Disraeli.

This was the last United Kingdom general election until 2019 where a party increased its majority after having been returned to office at the previous election with a reduced majority.
Shetland pony
The Shetland pony or Sheltie is a Scottish breed of pony originating in the Shetland Islands in the north of Scotland. It may stand up to 107 cm (42 in) at the withers. It has a heavy coat and short legs, is strong for its size, and is used for riding, driving, and pack purposes.

Withers
Withers are the ridge between the shoulder blades of an animal, typically a quadruped. In many species, this ridge is the tallest point of the body. In horses and dogs, it is the standard place to measure the animal's height. In contrast, cattle are often measured to the top of the hips.

The term (pronounced /ˈwɪð.ərz/) derives from Old English wither ("against'), because the withers are the part of a draft animal that pushes against a  load.
Sick Transit Gloria Mundi
Sick Transit Gloria Mundi is the sixth album by the industrial metal band Red Harvest. The album was released in 2002. The album was nominated for a Norwegian Grammy and an alternative Grammy in the "Best Metal Album" category.

Industrial metal
Industrial metal is the fusion of heavy metal and industrial music, typically employing repeating metal guitar riffs, sampling, synthesizer or sequencer lines, and distorted vocals. Prominent industrial metal acts include Ministry, Nine Inch Nails, Fear Factory, Rammstein, KMFDM, and Godflesh.

Industrial metal developed in the late 1980s, as industrial and metal began to fuse into a common genre.  Industrial metal did well in the early 1990s, particularly in North America, with the success of groups such as Nine Inch Nails, but its popularity began to fade in the latter half of the 1990s.
Brian Gordon (baseball)
Brian Ernest Gordon (born August 16, 1978) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. He played for the Texas Rangers and New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (MLB), and for the SK Wyverns and Samsung Lions of the Korea Baseball Organization (KBO).

Korea Baseball Organization
The Korea Baseball Organization (KBO; Korean: 한국야구위원회) is the governing body for the professional leagues of baseball in South Korea. The KBO was founded in 1981 and has governed two leagues: the KBO League (KBO 리그) and KBO Futures League (KBO 퓨처스리그 (farm league) since 1982. It is one of two major baseball governing bodies; the other is the Korea Baseball Association (대한야구협회), which is the governing body for amateur baseball competitions.

The KBO is a member of the International Baseball Federation (IBAF), and is responsible for the national baseball team for the World Baseball Classic and Asia Series. National team participation in other competitions is governed by the Korea Baseball Association.
Bakossi people
The Bakossi people are a Bantu ethnic group that live on the western and eastern slopes of Mount Mwanenguba and Mount Kupe in the Bakossi Mountains of Cameroon. They number about 200,000, mostly engaged in subsistence farming but also producing some coffee and cocoa.

Douala
Douala is the largest city in Cameroon and its economic capital. It is also the capital of Cameroon's Littoral Region. It was home to Central Africa's largest port, now being replaced by Kribi port. It has the country's major international airport, Douala International Airport (DLA). It is the commercial and economic capital of Cameroon and the entire CEMAC region comprising Gabon, Congo, Chad, Equatorial Guinea, Central African Republic and Cameroon. Consequently, it handles most of the country's major exports, such as oil, cocoa and coffee, timber, metals and fruits. As of 2025, the city and its surrounding area had an estimated population of 4,346,000, while the city proper had an estimated population of 3,816,500. The city sits on the estuary of Wouri River and its climate is tropical.
Hippobosca longipennis
Hippobosca longipennis (Diptera: Hippoboscidae), the dog fly, louse fly, or blind fly, is a blood-feeding parasite mostly infesting carnivores. The species name "longipennis" means "long wings". Its bites can be painful and result in skin irritation, it is an intermediate host for the canine and hyaenid filarial parasite Dipetalonema dracunculoides, "and it may also be a biological or mechanical vector for other pathogens".

The species feeds on a variety of animals and have been known to bite people. During its lifetime, a female lays 10 to 15 larvae on a host. It has arrived in a few countries on zoo animals that were being transported from Africa. Studies have been completed on the flies. Some specimens have been found on ancient dog corpses in Greece and Egypt.

Filaria
Filaria is a genus of nematodes belonging to the family Filariidae.

The genus has cosmopolitan distribution.

Species:

Filaria acutiuscula Molin, 1858

Filaria bufonis Molin, 1858

Filaria loliginis Delle Chiaje, 1829

Filaria martis Gmelin, 1791

Filaria piscium Rudolphi, 1809

Filaria smithi Sambon, 1907

Filaria terebra Diesing, 1851

Filaria tuberculata von Linstow, 1877

Filaria volvulans Railliet, 1893

Filaria volvulas Leuckart, 1892

Filaria volvulus Leuckart, 1892

Filaria volvulxus Manson, 1893
Seven Hills of Rome (film)
Seven Hills of Rome (Italian title: Arrivederci Roma) is an Italian-American film international co-production released in January 1958 and shot on location in Rome and at the Titanus studios. It was filmed in Technicolor and Technirama, distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, was tenor Mario Lanza's penultimate film, and Marisa Allasio’s last film.

Renato Rascel
Renato Ranucci (Italian pronunciation: [reˈnaːto raˈnuttʃi]; 27 April 1912 – 2 January 1991), known by the stage name Renato Rascel (pronounced [ˈraʃʃel]), was an Italian film actor and singer. He appeared in 50 films between 1942 and 1972. He represented Italy in the Eurovision Song Contest 1960 with the song "Romantica", which tied for eighth place out of thirteen entries.
2018 Qatar Total Open – Singles
Petra Kvitová defeated Garbiñe Muguruza in the final, 3–6, 6–3, 6–4 to win the singles tennis title at the 2018 WTA Qatar Open.

Karolína Plíšková was the defending champion, but lost in the third round to Catherine Bellis.

Caroline Wozniacki and Simona Halep were in contention for the WTA no. 1 singles ranking at the beginning of the tournament. Wozniacki retained the no. 1 ranking when she won her quarterfinal match and Halep withdrew from the semifinals.

Bernarda Pera
Bernarda Pera (/bərˈnɑːrdə ˈpɛrə/ bər-NAR-də PERR-ə; Croatian pronunciation: [běrnaːrda pêra]; born 3 December 1994) is a Croatian-American professional tennis player. Pera has won two singles titles and one doubles title on the WTA Tour, along with nine singles and eight doubles titles on the ITF Circuit. She achieved career-high rankings of world No. 27 in singles on June 12, 2023, and No. 35 in doubles on February 21, 2022. Before March 2013, Pera represented her country of birth, Croatia.
Toa-kai
The Toa-kai (東亜会, Tōa-kai) is a yakuza syndicate based in Tokyo. Originally named the Tosei-kai (東声会, Tōsei-kai; "Voice of the East Gang"), with its historic leader Hisayuki Machii, the Toa-kai was deeply involved in the history of Tokyo's South Korean community and Japan's anti-communist circles in the 20th century.

Yoshio Kodama
Yoshio Kodama (児玉 誉士夫, Kodama Yoshio; February 18, 1911 – January 17, 1984) was a Japanese right-wing ultranationalist and a prominent figure in the rise of organized crime in Japan. The most famous kuromaku, or behind-the-scenes power broker, of the 20th century, he was active in Japan's political arena and criminal underworld from the 1930s to the 1970s, and became enormously wealthy through his involvement in smuggling operations.
John Franklin Gross
John Franklin Gross (July 19, 1859 – January 25, 1928) was a lawyer and politician in Ontario, Canada. He represented Welland in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1900 to 1904 as a Liberal.

The son of John Gross and Elizabeth Barber, he was born in Clinton township. Gross taught school for a number of years and then studied law in the office of William Manley German and at Osgoode Hall. He was called to the Ontario bar in 1897 and set up practice in Welland. Gross was first elected to the provincial assembly in a by-election held after William Manley German resigned his seat to run for a seat in the Canadian House of Commons. He was reelected in 1902.

He married Clara Amelia Casper and the couple had two sons and a daughter; the daughter died while still very young.

Gross was chosen as city solicitor for Welland in 1913. He died at home in Welland in 1928.

His son Douglas later also served as solicitor for the city of Welland.

Niagara Centre (provincial electoral district)
Niagara Centre (renamed to Welland from 2006 to 2018) is a provincial electoral district in Ontario, Canada, represented from 1867 until 1977 and again since 2007 (under different boundaries) in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. Its population in 2006 was 112,875.

A new riding of Niagara Centre was created before the 1999 election from small parts of the Lincoln and St. Catharines—Brock ridings, and almost all of the Welland—Thorold riding. The current electoral district was created in 2003: 74.9% of the riding came from Niagara Centre riding, 22.5% from Erie—Lincoln and 2.7% from Niagara Falls riding. The name was changed to Welland during redistricting in 2006. In 2018, the name was changed back to Niagara Centre.
Aleksandar Sarievski
Aleksandar Sarievski (Macedonian: Александар Сариевски [alɛkˈsandar saˈri.ɛfski] ⓘ; June 20, 1922 – December 19, 2002) was a Macedonian singer-songwriter whose career spanned almost six decades. He was one of the most recognizable figures in Macedonian music.

Sarievski was a co-founder of the folklore musical ensemble Tanec and frequently traveled with the group as an ambassador of Macedonian music and culture. His renditions of local folk songs are particularly well known and, in many cases, the first known recorded versions. These include "Jovano, Jovanke", "More Sokol Pie", and "Uči me majko, karaj me", among others. He also composed the popular folk-style song "Zajdi Zajdi".
Aleksandar Sarievski died in 2002 aged 80. The then-President of the Republic of Macedonia Boris Trajkovski and Prime Minister Branko Crvenkovski as well as the Ministry of Culture sent the Sarievski family messages of condolence following the news of his death.

Boris Trajkovski
Boris Trajkovski (GCMG; Macedonian: Борис Трајковски, pronounced ['bɔris 'trajkɔfski] ⓘ; 25 June 1956 – 26 February 2004) was a Macedonian politician who served as the president of Macedonia from 1999 until his death in 2004 in a plane crash.
Second Chui Volost
The Second Chui Volost (Otok of Kebeks, Altan Nuur Urianghai) was a state with partial sovereignty, that existed on the territory of the modern Kosh-Agachsky District of the Altai Republic. In 1865, it became a volost of the Russian Empire and subsequently a district of modern Russia. Most of its territory was inhabited by the Telengits, also known as Altaians-Dvoedans, who were tributaries to the Russian Empire (before 1721, to the Tsardom of Russia) and the Qing Empire (before 1755, to the Dzungar Khanate). It was traditionally ruled by Zaisans of the Ak-Kebek dynasty.

Tsardom of Russia
The Tsardom of Russia, also known as the Tsardom of Moscow, was the centralized Russian state from the assumption of the title of tsar by Ivan IV in 1547 until the foundation of the Russian Empire by Peter the Great in 1721.

From 1550 to 1700, Russia grew by an average of 35,000 square kilometres (14,000 sq mi) per year. The period includes the upheavals of the transition from the Rurik to the Romanov dynasties, wars with the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Sweden, and the Ottoman Empire, and the Russian conquest of Siberia, to the reign of Peter the Great, who took power in 1689 and transformed the tsardom into an empire. During the Great Northern War, he implemented substantial reforms and proclaimed the Russian Empire after victory over Sweden in 1721.
Kingsley House (Rehoboth, Massachusetts)
The Kingsley House is a historic First Period house at 108 Davis Street in Rehoboth, Massachusetts in the United States. The oldest portion of this house is estimated to have been built around 1680, making it the oldest structure in Rehoboth. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983, where it is listed at 96 Davis Street.

Rehoboth, Massachusetts
Rehoboth is a historic town in Bristol County, Massachusetts, United States. Established in 1643, Rehoboth is one of the oldest towns in Massachusetts. The population was 12,502 at the 2020 census. Rehoboth is a mostly rural community with many historic sites, including 53 historic cemeteries.
Lieksa
Lieksa (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈlie̯ksɑ]) is a town and municipality of Finland. It is located in the North Karelia region. The municipality has a population of 10,002 (30 June 2025) and covers an area of 4,067.60 square kilometres (1,570.51 sq mi) of which 649.14 km2 (250.63 sq mi) is water. The population density is 2.93 inhabitants per square kilometre (7.6/sq mi).

The municipality is unilingually Finnish.

The town of Lieksa was established in 1973 when the Market town of Lieksa and the Municipality of Pielisjärvi were consolidated.

Regions of Finland
Finland is divided into 19 regions (Finnish: maakunta; Swedish: landskap)
which are governed by regional councils that serve as forums of cooperation for the municipalities of each region. The councils are composed of delegates from the municipal councils. The main tasks of regional councils are regional planning, the development of enterprises, and education. Between 2004 and 2012, the regional council of Kainuu was elected via popular elections as part of an experimental regional administration.

In 2022, new Wellbeing services counties were established as part of a health care and social services reform. The wellbeing services counties follow the regional borders, and are governed by directly elected county councils.
Academic Unit Preparatoria Hermanos Flores Magón
The Unidad Académica Preparatoria Hermanos Flores Magón is a high school belonging to the Autonomous University of Sinaloa. It is located in the historic center of the city of Culiacán Rosales, Sinaloa, Mexico, and is considered the best academic unit of the state university.

Culiacán
Culiacán, officially Culiacán Rosales, is the capital and largest city of Sinaloa in northwestern Mexico.  It is located within the Culiacán Municipality. The city was founded on 29 September 1531 by the Spanish conquistadors Lázaro de Cebreros and Nuño Beltrán de Guzmán originally under the name "Villa de San Miguel", in honor of its patron saint Michael the Archangel.

According to the 2020 INEGI census, Culiacán had an estimated population of 808,416, making it the 21st most populous city in Mexico. Its metropolitan area, with a population of 1,003,530, was the 17th most populous metropolitan area in Mexico.

The city sits in a valley on the slopes of the Sierra Madre Occidental, at the confluence of the Tamazula and Humaya Rivers, where both join to form the Culiacán River 55 meters above sea level.
Nickel(II) nitrate
Nickel (II) nitrate is the inorganic compound Ni(NO3)2 or any hydrate thereof.   In the hexahydrate, the nitrate anions are not bonded to nickel. Other hydrates have also been reported: Ni(NO3)2.9H2O, Ni(NO3)2.4H2O, and Ni(NO3)2.2H2O.

It is prepared by the reaction of nickel oxide with nitric acid:

NiO  +  2 HNO3  +  5 H2O    →    Ni(NO3)2.6H2O

The anhydrous nickel nitrate is typically not prepared by heating the hydrates.  Rather it is generated by the reaction of hydrates with dinitrogen pentoxide or of nickel carbonyl with dinitrogen tetroxide:

Ni(CO)4  +   2 N2O4   →   Ni(NO3)2  +  2 NO  +  4 CO

The hydrated nitrate is often used as a precursor to supported nickel catalysts.

Catalyst support
In chemistry, a catalyst support or carrier is a material, usually a solid with a high surface area, to which a catalyst is affixed. The activity of heterogeneous catalysts is mainly promoted by atoms present at the accessible surface of the material. Consequently, great effort is made to maximize the specific surface area of a catalyst. One popular method for increasing surface area involves distributing the catalyst over the surface of the support. The support may be inert or participate in the catalytic reactions. Typical supports include various kinds of activated carbon, alumina, and silica.
Starina, Snina District
Starina (Hungarian: Cirókaófalu) is a former Ruthenian village in eastern Slovakia, within Snina District. The first mention of the village was in 1557. The village originally belonged to the noble families of Humenné. The inhabitants of the village were evacuated in 1980, along with six other villages, in order to make way for the Starina reservoir. Only one building and the cemetery remain. The village is now under the water level of the dam. Below the Magura mountain is a mineral water source. Now the territory is in the Poloniny National Park. On the territory, there is also the Gazdoráň Nature Reserve, which was declared for the protection of rare plants.

Humenné
Humenné (pronunciationⓘ; Hungarian: Homonna; Ukrainian: Гуменне)  is a town in the Prešov Region ("kraj") in eastern Slovakia and the second largest town of the historic Zemplín region. It lies at the volcanic Vihorlat mountains and at the confluence of the Laborec and Cirocha Rivers.
Joseph E. Widener
Joseph Early Widener (August 19, 1871 – October 26, 1943) was an American Thoroughbred horse race owner, breeder, and racetrack owner.  He raised seventy-nine stakes race winners, was president of Belmont Park racetrack, and owned Hialeah Park racetrack. He was a member of the wealthy Widener family and managed the family estate. He was an art collector who inherited and refined his father Peter Arrell Browne Widener's vast art collection displayed at their Lynnewood Hall estate. He donated over 2,000 works of art to the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C.

Glossary of North American horse racing
The following is a glossary of North American horse racing.

Additional glossaries at:

Glossary of Australian and New Zealand punting

Glossary of equestrian terms

Parimutuel betting#Parimutuel bet types
Christina Maslach
Christina Maslach (born January 21, 1946) is an American social psychologist and professor emerita of psychology at the University of California, Berkeley, known for her research on occupational burnout. She is a co-author of the Maslach Burnout Inventory and Areas of Worklife Survey. Early in her professional career, Maslach was instrumental in stopping the Stanford prison experiment. In 1997, she was awarded the U.S. Professor of the Year.

Social psychology
Social psychology is the methodical study of how thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others. Although studying many of the same substantive topics as its counterpart in the field of sociology, psychological social psychology places more emphasis on the individual, rather than society; the influence of social structure and culture on individual outcomes, such as personality, behavior, and one's position in social hierarchies. Social psychologists typically explain human behavior as a result of the relationship between mental states and social situations, studying the social conditions under which thoughts, feelings, and behaviors occur, and how these variables influence social interactions.
Abram, Bihor
Abram (Hungarian: Érábrány) is a commune in Bihor County, Crișana, Romania. It is composed of eight villages: Abram, Cohani (Berettyókohány), Dijir (Dizsér), Iteu (Lüki), Iteu Nou (Újüki), Margine (Széltalló), Satu Barbă (Újbártfalva), and Suiug (Szunyogd).

At the 2021 census, the commune had a population of 2,728; of those, 78.45% were Romanians, 12.21% Roma, and 4.84% Hungarians.

Crișana
Crișana (Romanian: Crișana, Hungarian: Körösvidék, German: Kreischgebiet) is a geographical and historical region of Romania named after the Criș (Körös) River and its three tributaries: the Crișul Alb, Crișul Negru, and Crișul Repede. In Romania, the term is sometimes extended to include areas beyond the border, in Hungary; in this interpretation, the region is bounded to the east by the Apuseni Mountains, to the south by the Mureș River, to the north by the Someș River, and to the west by the Tisza River, the Romanian-Hungarian border cutting it in two. However, in Hungary, the area between the Tisza River and  the Romanian border is usually known as Tiszántúl.
Rent-A-Girlfriend season 2
Rent-A-Girlfriend is an anime television series based on the manga series of the same name by Reiji Miyajima. The second season featured returning staff and casts, with Studio Comet cooperating in production with TMS Entertainment. The season aired from July 2 to September 17, 2022. The opening theme song is "Himitsu Koi-Gokoro" (ヒミツ恋ゴコロ; lit. 'Secret Love Heart'), performed by Chico with HoneyWorks, while the ending theme song is "Ienai" (言えない; lit. 'Can't Say'), performed by Miminari featuring Asmi. The season adapts manga content from the 7th volume to the 12th volume (chapters 51–102).

Reiji Miyajima
Reiji Miyajima (Japanese: 宮島 礼吏, Hepburn: Miyajima Reiji; born December 15, 1985) is a Japanese manga artist. He is known for his series AKB49: Ren'ai Kinshi Jōrei, Rent-A-Girlfriend and The Shiunji Family Children.