hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gillarong
Gillarong (also spelt Gilaroong) is a small Aboriginal community, located adjacent to the Bayulu Community approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) south east of Fitzroy Crossing in the Kimberley region of Western Australia, within the Shire of Derby-West Kimberley.

Aboriginal communities in Western Australia
Aboriginal communities in Western Australia are communities for Aboriginal Australians within their ancestral country; the communities comprise families with continuous links to country that extend before the European settlement of Australia.

The governments of Australia and Western Australia have supported and funded these communities in a number of ways for over 40 years; prior to that Indigenous people were non citizens with no rights, forced to work for sustenance on stations as European settlers divided up the areas, or relocated under various Government acts.
2020–21 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy Group A
The 2020–21 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy was the twelfth season of the Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy, a Twenty20 cricket tournament played in India. It was contested by 38 teams, divided into six groups, with six teams in Group A. Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Punjab, Railways, Tripura and Uttar Pradesh were placed in Group A, with all the matches taking place in Bengaluru. Punjab won Group A to qualify for the knockout stage of the tournament. Karnataka also qualified for the quarter-finals, finishing as one of the best two second placed teams across groups A to E.

Karnataka cricket team
Karnataka cricket team represents the Indian state of Karnataka in domestic cricket competitions. It has traditionally been one of the strongest teams in the domestic circuit and has produced many of Indian cricket team's iconic players. It was known as Mysore cricket team before the state of Mysore was officially renamed as Karnataka in 1973. It has won the Ranji Trophy eight times and been runners-up six times (including twice as the Mysore team). The team's home ground is the M. Chinnaswamy Stadium in Bengaluru. There was a major push in cricketing infrastructure in 2010s and as of now, grounds in Bengaluru, Mysuru, Hubballi are constantly used in Ranji Trophy, Vijay Hazare Trophy & Karnataka Premier League
Bothal Castle
Bothal Castle is a castle and stately home in the village of the same name near the River Wansbeck, between Morpeth and Ashington in the English county of Northumberland. The word "Bothal" is Old English for a dwelling, and may have referred to a particular dwelling or hall.

River Wansbeck
The River Wansbeck runs through the county of Northumberland, England. It rises above Sweethope Lough on the edge of Fourlaws Forest in the area known locally as The Wanneys (Great Wanney Crag, Little Wanney Crag; thus the "Wanneys Beck"); runs through the town of Ashington before discharging into the North Sea at Sandy Bay near Newbiggin-by-the-Sea.

The River flows through the village of Kirkwhelpington, Hartburn, where the tributary Hart Burn joins, the village of Mitford, where the River Font joins, and the town of Morpeth.

The River Wansbeck is nicknamed the River Wanney. The term 'The Wilds of Wanney' is used by people of Tyneside to refer to the rural areas of Northumberland where the Wansbeck rises.

The River lent its name to the former Wansbeck district which was based in Ashington, and included Newbiggin-by-the-Sea, Bedlington and Stakeford.

Castle Island is an ait of the River Wansbeck.
Salado Springs
Salado Springs is the name of five groups of springs at the town of Salado in Bell County, Texas, in the United States.  The springs are located 48 miles (77 km) north of Austin or 135 miles (217 km) south of Dallas.

The springs, which are not saline (salado is Spanish for "salty"), were likely named for Salado Creek.

Bell County, Texas
Bell County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. It is in Central Texas and its county seat is Belton. As of the 2020 census, its population was 370,647. Bell County is part of the Killeen–Temple, Texas, Metropolitan Statistical Area. The county was founded in 1850 and is named for Peter Hansborough Bell, the third governor of Texas. In 2010, the center of population of Texas was located in Bell County, near the town of Holland.
3RPH
3RPH is a community radio station owned and operated by Vision Australia as part of the Vision Australia Radio network. The station broadcasts a radio reading service to Melbourne, Victoria, with repeater services in Warragul and Warrnambool, Victoria.

The station had its origins in 1974, when the Radio for the Blind Committee began broadcasting a half-hour program on ABC radio and a 45-minute program on 3CR in Melbourne.

The station was then licensed to commence programming on its own frequency, broadcasting from 12 December 1982 at 1705 kHz

In 1983 the station moved its signal to 1629 kHz, before moving to 1179 kHz, vacated by 3KZ, in 1990. The switch to 1179 also led to the station expanding to 24-hour programming.

3RPH is also a member of Radio Print Handicapped Network and a BBC World Service partner station.

Warragul
Warragul (/ˈwɒrəɡʊl/) is a town in Victoria, Australia, 102 kilometres (63 miles) south-east of Melbourne. Warragul lies between the Strzelecki Ranges to the south and the Mount Baw Baw Plateau of the Great Dividing Range to the north. As of the 2021 census, the town had a population of 19,856 people. Warragul forms part of a larger urban area that includes nearby Drouin that had an estimated total population of 42,827 as of the 2021 census.

Warragul is the main population and service centre of the West Gippsland region and the Shire of Baw Baw. The surrounding area is noted for dairy farming and other niche agriculture and has long been producing gourmet foods.
Lissanthe rubicunda
Lissanthe rubicunda is a species of flowering plant in the family Ericaceae and is endemic to the south of Western Australia. It is a slender, erect to spreading shrub with few branches and sharply-pointed linear leaves and short spikes or racemes of red, tube-shaped flowers.

Ericaceae
The Ericaceae (/ˌɛrɪˈkeɪsi.aɪ, -iː/) are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the heath or heather family, found most commonly in acidic and infertile growing conditions. The family is large, with about 4,250 known species spread across 124 genera, making it the 14th most speciose family of flowering plants. The many well known and economically important members of the Ericaceae include the cranberry, blueberry, huckleberry, rhododendron (including azaleas), and various common heaths and heathers (Erica, Cassiope, Daboecia, and Calluna for example).
Woodbourne (Roxobel, North Carolina)
Woodbourne is a historic plantation house located near Roxobel, Bertie County, North Carolina. The two-story, frame main block was built about 1810, with one-story frame wings added in 1819.  The front facade features a temple form, two-story, three-bay central pedimented pavilion.  It is sheathed in weatherboard and sits on a brick foundation. Also on the property is a contributing dairy.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1971.

Plantation house
A plantation house is the main house of a plantation, often a substantial farmhouse, which often serves as a symbol for the plantation as a whole. Plantation houses in the Southern United States and in other areas are known as quite grand and expensive architectural works today, though most were more utilitarian, working farmhouses.
2014–15 Kuwaiti Premier League
The 2014-15 Kuwaiti Premier League season was the 53rd season of the Kuwait Premier League, Kuwait's highest football league. The season saw 14 teams compete, with Kuwait SC being crowned as champions with an undefeated 20-6-0 record. Patrick Fabiano led the league with 22 goals.

As the top two teams, Kuwait SC and Al-Arabi SC both qualified for the 2016 Asian Football Confederation (AFC) Cup, an international association football competition between domestic Asian clubs. However, the teams were unable to participate due to the Kuwait Football Association's suspension by FIFA on 16 October 2015. The ban was not lifted until 6 December 2017.

Kuwait Football Association
The Kuwait Football Association (Arabic: الإتحاد الكويتي لكرة القدم) is the governing body of association football in Kuwait.

Kuwait has thrice been suspended by FIFA for political interference since 2007 and were allowed to participate in the 2011 Asian Cup qualifying campaign and other international competitions on a provisional basis.
Generalized Büchi automaton
In automata theory, a generalized Büchi automaton is a variant of a Büchi automaton. The difference with the Büchi automaton is the accepting condition, which is determined by a set of sets of states.  A run is accepted by the automaton if it visits at least one state of every set of the accepting condition infinitely often. Generalized Büchi automata are equivalent in expressive power to Büchi automata; a transformation is given here.

In formal verification, the model checking method needs to obtain an automaton from a LTL formula that specifies the desired program property. There are algorithms that translate a LTL formula
into a generalized Büchi automaton.
for this purpose. The notion of generalized Büchi automaton was introduced specifically for this translation.

Finite set
In mathematics, a finite set is a collection of finitely many different things; the things are called elements or members of the set and are typically mathematical objects, such as numbers, symbols, points in space, lines, other geometric shapes, variables, or other sets.

Informally, a finite set is a set which one could in principle count and finish counting.  For example,

is a finite set with five elements. The number of elements of a finite set is a natural number (possibly zero) and is called the cardinality (or the cardinal number) of the set. A set that is not a finite set is called an infinite set. For example, the set 

of all positive integers is infinite.

Finite sets are particularly important in combinatorics, the mathematical study of counting. Many arguments involving finite sets rely on the pigeonhole principle, which states that there cannot exist an injective function from a larger finite set to a smaller finite set.
15th Metro FM Music Awards
The 15th installment of the annual Metro FM Music Awards is an award ceremony in the South African music industry honouring musicians who did exceedingly well in their field throughout 2015. The show first aired on SABC 1 on February 27, 2016.

The winner in each category will  receive a R100,000 prize for each category they win. Metro FM is investing in musicians; building wealth and benefiting financially from their trade over and above the artistic recognition that comes with the MMA's coveted statuette. This will be the first installment of the award show to include a new category, namely the Pan-African Category.

Nathi and Sphectacular & DJ Naves led the nominations with five each, followed by Riky Rick and Emtee with four nominations each, and AKA, Fifi Cooper and Black Coffee with three nominations each.

Emtee is the biggest winner of the event, having won in four categories. AKA won three awards, one of which he shares with newcomer Emtee.

Riky Rick
Rikhado Makhado (20 July 1987 – 23 February 2022), known professionally as Riky Rick, was a South African rapper, singer, songwriter, record producer and entrepreneur. He was also the founder and owner of record label Cotton Club Records and a member of Boyz N Bucks and he's well known for his hit song Boss Zonke from his album Family Values.

He came into the limelight between 2009 and 2010, when he dropped mixtapes such as The Comeback Kid and Last Summer with Da L.E.S.
2016 UCI Europe Tour
The 2016 UCI Europe Tour was the twelfth season of the UCI Europe Tour. The 2016 season began on 28 January 2016 with the Trofeo Santanyí-Ses Salines-Campos and ended on 23 October 2016 with the Chrono des Nations.

French rider Nacer Bouhanni (Cofidis), who scored 721 points in the 2015 edition, was the defending champion of the 2015 UCI Europe Tour.

Throughout the season, points were awarded to the top finishers of stages within stage races and the final general classification standings of each of the stages races and one-day events. The quality and complexity of a race also determined how many points were awarded to the top finishers; the higher the UCI rating of a race, the more points were awarded.

The UCI ratings from highest to lowest were as follows:

Multi-day events: 2.HC, 2.1 and 2.2

One-day events: 1.HC, 1.1 and 1.2

Cofidis (cycling team)
Cofidis  (UCI team code: COF) is a French professional road bicycle racing team sponsored by a money-lending company, Cofidis.  It was started in 1996 by Cyrille Guimard, the former manager of Bernard Hinault, Greg LeMond and Laurent Fignon of the Renault–Elf–Gitane team of the 1980s. The team's sponsor has supported the team despite repeated problems such as doping scandals. After it was part of the UCI ProTour for the ProTour's first five seasons, from 2010 the team competed as a UCI Professional Continental team. The team joined the UCI World Tour for the 2020 season.
1950 New Year Honours
The 1950 New Years Honours were appointments in many of the Commonwealth realms of King George VI to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of those countries. They were announced on 2 January 1950 for the United Kingdom, New Zealand, India, and Ceylon.

The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.

Trades Union Congress
The Trades Union Congress (TUC) is a national trade union centre, a federation of trade unions that collectively represent most unionised workers in England and Wales. There are 48 affiliated unions with a total of about 5.5 million members. Paul Nowak is the TUC's current General Secretary, serving from January 2023.
Brainin
Brainin is a Jewish matronymic surname literally meaning "son of Braina", the latter name is one of multiple variants derived from the color "brown". Transliterated from Russian, it may be spelled as Braynin.  Notable people with the surname include:

Michael Brainin (born 24 May 1951) is an Austrian neurologist and emeritus professor

Norbert Brainin (1923–2005), Austrian/British violinist, the founder of Amadeus Quartet

Reuben Brainin (1862–1939), Hebrew publicist, biographer and public figure

Simon Brainin (1854-?), Russian/American physician and public figure

Sofie Röhr-Brajnin (1861–1937), Polish German soprano  opera singer

Valeri Brainin (1948), Russian/German musicologist, music manager and poet, son of Boris Brainin

Amadeus Quartet
The Amadeus Quartet was a string quartet founded in 1947 and disbanded in 1987, having retained its founding members throughout its history.

Noted for its smooth, sophisticated style, its seamless ensemble playing, and its sensitive interpretation,
the quartet has often been seen as working within an Austrian tradition. However, it was formed and based in the United Kingdom.
Marginal structural model
Marginal structural models are a class of statistical models used for causal inference in epidemiology. Such models handle the issue of time-dependent confounding in evaluation of the efficacy of interventions by inverse probability weighting for receipt of treatment, they allow us to estimate the average causal effects. For instance, in the study of the effect of zidovudine in AIDS-related mortality, CD4 lymphocyte is used both for treatment indication, is influenced by treatment, and affects survival. Time-dependent confounders are typically highly prognostic of health outcomes and applied in dosing or indication for certain therapies, such as body weight or lab values such as alanine aminotransferase or bilirubin.

The first marginal structural models were introduced in 2000. The works of James Robins, Babette Brumback, and Miguel Hernán provided an intuitive theory and an easy-to-implement software which made them popular for the analysis of longitudinal data.

Bilirubin
Bilirubin (BR) (adopted from German, originally bili, for bile, plus ruber, Latin for red) is a red-orange compound that occurs  as the reduction product of biliverdin, a breakdown product of heme.

It is further broken down in the colon to urobilinogen, most of which becomes stercobilin, causing the brown color of feces. Some unconverted urobilinogen, metabolised to urobilin, provides the straw-yellow color in urine.

Although bilirubin is usually found in animals rather than plants, at least one plant species, Strelitzia nicolai, is known to contain the pigment.
Albonese
Albonese (Lombard: Albones) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pavia in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 40 km southwest of Milan and about 40 km northwest of Pavia.

Albonese borders the following municipalities: Borgolavezzaro, Cilavegna, Mortara, Nicorvo, Parona.

Lombard language
The Lombard language (Lombard: lombard, lumbard, lumbart or lombart, depending on the orthography; pronunciation: [lumˈbaːrt, lomˈbart]) belongs to the Gallo-Italic group within the Romance languages. It is characterized by a Celtic linguistic substratum and a Lombardic linguistic superstratum and is a cluster of homogeneous dialects that are spoken by millions of speakers in Northern Italy and southern Switzerland.  These include most of Lombardy and some areas of the neighbouring regions, notably the far eastern side of Piedmont and the extreme western side of Trentino, and in Switzerland in the cantons of Ticino and Graubünden. The language is also spoken in Santa Catarina in Brazil by Lombard immigrants from the Province of Bergamo, in Italy.
Rita Orlandi-Malaspina
Rita Orlandi-Malaspina (28 December 1937 – 8 April 2017) was an Italian operatic soprano who had a major international career from the 1960s through the 1980s. She drew particular acclaim for her portrayals of Verdi heroines. She also had a successful career as a concert soprano, particularly in performance of Verdi's Requiem and Ludwig van Beethoven's Symphony No. 9.

She was married to bass Massimiliano Malaspina who also has an important opera career. Prior to her marriage she performed under the name Rita Orlandi.

Requiem (Verdi)
The Messa da Requiem is a musical setting of the Catholic funeral mass (Requiem) for four soloists, double choir and orchestra by Giuseppe Verdi. It was composed in memory of Alessandro Manzoni, whom Verdi admired, and is therefore also referred to as the Manzoni Requiem. The first performance, at the San Marco church in Milan on 22 May 1874, conducted by the composer, marked the first anniversary of Manzoni's death. It was followed three days later by the same performers at La Scala. Verdi conducted his work at major venues in Europe.

Verdi composed the music for the last part of the text, Libera me, first, as his contribution to the Messa per Rossini, which he had begun after Gioachino Rossini had died.

Considered too operatic to be performed in a liturgical setting, the Requiem is usually given in concert form; a performance lasts around 90 minutes. Musicologist David Rosen calls it "probably the most frequently performed major choral work composed after Mozart's Requiem".
Treaty of Punakha
The Treaty of Punakha was an agreement signed on 8 January 1910, at Punakha Dzong between the recently consolidated Kingdom of Bhutan and British India. The Treaty of Punakha is not a stand-alone document, but represents a modification of the Treaty of Sinchula of 1865, the prior working agreement between Bhutan and British India. As such, the Treaty of Punakha is an amendment whose text incorporates all other aspects of the Treaty of Sinchula by reference.

Under the Treaty of Punakha, Britain guaranteed Bhutan's independence, granted Bhutanese Royal Government an increased stipend, and took control of Bhutanese foreign relations. Although this treaty began the practice of delegating Bhutanese foreign relations to another suzerain, the treaty also affirmed Bhutanese independence as one of the few Asian kingdoms never conquered by a regional or colonial power.

Punakha Dzong
The Punakha Dzong, also known as Pungthang Dewa Chhenbi Phodrang (meaning "the palace of great happiness or bliss"), is the administrative centre of Punakha District in Punakha, Bhutan. Constructed by Ngawang Namgyal, 1st Zhabdrung Rinpoche, in 1637–38, it is the second oldest and second-largest dzong in Bhutan and one of its most majestic structures. The dzong houses the sacred relics of the southern Drukpa Lineage of the Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism, including the Rangjung Kharsapani and the sacred remains of Ngawang Namgyal and the tertön Pema Lingpa.

Punakha Dzong was the administrative center and the seat of the Government of Bhutan until 1955, when the capital was moved to Thimphu. It has been the venue for coronation of all the kings of Bhutan since 1907. It is on Bhutan's Tentative List for UNESCO World Heritage Site inclusion.
Ahmed Mohamed Mahmoud
Ahmed Mohamed Mahmoud (c. 1974 – 4 February 2011) was an Egyptian print reporter for the newspaper Al Tawuun, which is distributed by state-run Al-Ahram. He was shot by a sniper on the balcony of his office while filming the outbreak between Egyptian protestors and security forces on January 28, 2011 during the 2011 Egyptian Revolution. He died six days later in a local Cairo hospital, and he was the first journalist to die in Egypt  during its Arab Spring uprising.

Al-Ahram
Al-Ahram (Arabic: الأهرام, lit. 'The Pyramids'), founded on 5 August 1876, is the most widely circulating Egyptian daily newspaper, and the second-oldest after Al-Waqa'i' al-Misriyya (The Egyptian Events, founded 1828). It is majority owned by the Egyptian government, and is considered a newspaper of record for Egypt.

Given the many varieties of Arabic language, Al-Ahram is widely considered an influential source of writing style in Arabic. In 1950, the Middle East Institute described Al-Ahram as being to the Arabic-reading public within its area of distribution, "What The Times is to Englishmen and The New York Times to Americans"; however, it has often been accused of heavy influence and censorship by the Egyptian government.

In addition to the main edition published in Egypt, the paper publishes two other Arabic-language editions, one geared to the Arab world and the other aimed at an international audience, as well as editions in English and French.
Saudi High Commission for Relief of Bosnia and Herzegovina
The Saudi High Commission for Relief of Bosnia and Herzegovina was an aid agency operating in Bosnia and Herzegovina funded by Saudi Arabia. Set up in 1993 during the Bosnian War to assist Bosnian Muslims, it was forced to close in 2001 after being linked to Islamist terrorism.

Founded by Prince Salman bin Abdulaziz with support from King Fahd, it reportedly spent $600 million in aid, and was awarded the King Faisal International Prize in 2001. In 2001, after the September 11 attacks, the commission's Sarajevo office was raided by NATO forces, who found material relating to those attacks and the bombings of USS Cole and US embassies in Africa, along with materials for forging US State Department badges. An employee, Sabir Mahfouz Lahmar, was detained in Camp X-Ray for an alleged plot to attack the US embassy in Sarajevo and released without charge in 2009. In 2002 U.S. authorities said $46 million of the commission's funds was unaccounted for.

1998 United States embassy bombings
The 1998 United States embassy bombings were a series of attacks that occurred on August 7, 1998. More than 220 people were killed in two nearly simultaneous truck bomb explosions in two East African capital cities, one at the United States embassy in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, and the other at the United States embassy in Nairobi, Kenya.

Fazul Abdullah Mohammed and Abdullah Ahmed Abdullah were deemed responsible with planning and orchestrating the bombings. In retaliation for the bombings, U.S. President Bill Clinton ordered Operation Infinite Reach on August 20, 1998.