hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Robert Hughes (conservationist)
Robert Clinton Hughes (July 1847 – 18 January 1935) was a New Zealand lawyer and conservationist.

Hughes was born in Auckland, New Zealand in 1847, but the family moved to New Plymouth when he was a young child. He was a lawyer by trade and had his own practice from 1870 when he was admitted to the bar. From July 1874 until the abolition of the provincial government system in 1876, he represented the Town of New Plymouth electorate on the Taranaki Provincial Council. Subsequently, he served on the New Plymouth borough council. He was one of three candidates in the 1890 election contesting the New Plymouth electorate, and he came last.

On 1 December 1898, Hughes married Amy Grace Burton at Dunedin. He died without having had children on 18 January 1935 in New Plymouth, survived by his wife.

1890 New Zealand general election
The 1890 New Zealand general election was one of New Zealand's most significant. It marked the beginning of party politics in New Zealand with the formation of the Liberal Government, which was to enact major welfare, labour and electoral reforms, including giving the vote to women.

It was also the first election in which there was no legal plural voting. Multi-member electorates were re-introduced in the four main centres and the 'country quota' (which gave more weight to rural votes) was increased to 28%.

Following the election and the resignation of the previous government headed by Harry Atkinson, John Ballance formed the first Liberal Party ministry, taking office on 24 January 1891. At this stage no formal party organisation existed, but the formation of the Liberal ministry signalled the end of the system by which governments were made up of a loose and unstable coalition of independent MPs and the beginning of the 'party system'.
Tibet: Through the Red Box
Tibet Through the Red Box is a children's book written and illustrated by Peter Sís, designed by art director, Lilian Rosenstreich, and published by the Farrar, Straus and Giroux imprint Frances Foster Books in 1998.  It was adapted into a play by David Henry Hwang in 2004.

The book is an illustrated memoir based on the author's childhood recollections of his father's experiences as a documentary filmmaker in China and Tibet during the early 1950s, as well as Sís's response to reading the diary his father kept in the titular red box for the first time, more than forty years later.

It received the Boston Globe-Horn Book Award for Special Citation, the American Library Association's Caldecott Honor, and the Deutscher Jugendliteraturpreis in 1999.

David Henry Hwang
David Henry Hwang (born August 11, 1957) is an American playwright, librettist, screenwriter, and theater professor at Columbia University in New York City. He has won three Obie Awards for his plays  FOB, Golden Child, and Yellow Face. He has one Tony Award (M. Butterfly) and three other nominations (Golden Child, Flower Drum Song, and Yellow Face). Three of his works (M. Butterfly, Yellow Face, and Soft Power) have been finalists for the Pulitzer Prize for Drama.
Ilmari Juutilainen
Eino Ilmari "Illu" Juutilainen (21 February 1914 – 21 February 1999) was a fighter pilot of the Ilmavoimat (Finnish Air Force), and the top scoring non-German fighter pilot of all time. The top flying ace of the Finnish Air Force, he led all Finnish pilots in score against Soviet aircraft in World War II (1939–40 and 1941–44), with 94 confirmed aerial combat victories (he himself claimed further kills for a total of 126 victories, but these were unconfirmed) in 437 sorties. He achieved 58 of his victories  while flying a Messerschmitt Bf 109G and 34 with a Brewster Buffalo.

One of the four double recipients of the Mannerheim Cross 2nd Class, Juutilainen was born in Lieksa, and died in Tuusula. His brother was the Finnish Army Captain Aarne Juutilainen, nicknamed "The Terror of Morocco".

Sortie
A sortie (from the French word meaning exit, from Latin root surgere meaning to "rise up") is a deployment or dispatch of one military unit, be it an aircraft, ship, or troops, from a strongpoint. The term originated in siege warfare.
Tom Findlay (cricketer)
Thomas Alexander Findlay (22 March 1918 – 27 June 2005) was a Scottish first-class cricketer.

Findlay was born in March 1918 at Rubislaw, Aberdeenshire. He was educated at Robert Gordon's College. A club cricketer for Aberdeenshire, Findlay made a single appearance in first-class cricket for Scotland against Ireland at Cork in 1947. Batting twice in the match, he was dismissed without scoring by James Boucher in the Scotland first innings, while in their second innings he was dismissed for 19 runs by Sonny Hool. Outside of cricket, he was employed by the Clydesdale and North of Scotland Bank. Findlay died at Perth in June 2005. His brother, Francis, was also a first-class cricketer.

James Boucher (cricketer)
James Chrysostom Boucher (22 December 1910 – 25 December 1995) was an Irish cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and off-break bowler.

Boucher was educated at Belvedere College in Dublin. He made his debut for Ireland against a team known as "The Cataramans" in July 1929. He went on to play for them on 60 occasions, his last game coming against Scotland in July 1954. He then served as honorary secretary of the Irish Cricket Union until 1973.

Of his matches for Ireland, 28 had first-class status, and in those games he took 168 wickets at an average of 14.04. His best bowling was 7/13 against New Zealand in September 1937. In all matches for Ireland he took 307 wickets, one of only three Irish bowlers to take more than 300 wickets.
Delta Academies Trust
Delta Academies Trust (formerly Schools Partnership Trust Academies) is a multi-academy trust, operating 57 schools. As an academy trust, it is an exempt charity regulated by the Department for Education.

Its current CEO is Andy Barnett.

A critical report from Ofsted in early 2016 prompted reforms at Schools Partnership Trust Academies. A new CEO—Paul Tarn, formerly deputy CEO of Outwood Grange Academies Trust (OGAT)—was appointed; he was joined by a Maths and English Director who transferred to Delta shortly after the CEO took up post. It went on to rebrand as "Delta Academies Trust" as of October 2016.

Multi-academy trust
Multi-Academy Trust (MAT) or academy chain is an academy trust that operates more than one academy school. Academy schools are state-funded schools in England which are directly funded by the Department for Education and independent of local authority control. The terms of the arrangements are set out in individual Academy Funding Agreements. The group of schools in a multi-academy trust work together under a shared academy funding agreement.

BESA, the British Educational Suppliers Association  states that in November 2019 there are 1,170 Multi Academy Trusts in England that manage at least two schools: 598 have five or fewer schools, 259 have 6-11 schools, 85 have between 12-25 schools and 29 have 26 or more schools.
Harry Everts
Harry Everts (born 6 February 1952) is a Belgian former professional motocross racer. He competed in the Motocross World Championships from 1971 to 1983. Everts is notable for being a four-time FIM motocross world champion. In 2013, he was named an FIM Legend for his motorcycling achievements.

Everts is the nephew of former professional motocross racer Jef Teuwissen, the father of former ten-time motocross World Champion, Stefan Everts and the grandfather of professional motocross racer, Liam Everts.

Belgians
Belgians (Dutch: Belgen [ˈbɛlɣə(n)] ⓘ; French: Belges [bɛlʒ] ⓘ; German: Belgier [ˈbɛlɡi̯ɐ] ⓘ) are people identified with the Kingdom of Belgium, a federal state in Western Europe. As Belgium is a multinational state, this connection may be residential, legal, historical, or cultural rather than ethnic. The majority of Belgians, however, belong to two distinct linguistic groups or communities (Dutch: gemeenschap; French: communauté) native to the country, i.e. its historical regions: Flemings in Flanders, who speak Dutch, West Flemish and Limburgish; and Walloons in Wallonia, who speak French or Walloon. There is also a substantial Belgian diaspora, which has settled primarily in the United States, Canada, France, and the Netherlands.
St. Anne's Church, Copenhagen
St. Anne's Church (Danish: Sankt Annæ Kirke) is a Roman-Catholic church in Sundby on Amager in Copenhagen, Denmark. It is located just off Amagerbrogade, next to Eberts Villaby. The church is closely affiliated with the nearby St. Ann's School.

Sundby, Copenhagen
Sundby is a neighbourhood on Amager in Copenhagen, Denmark. It is often also referred to as Sundbyerne (plural form) since a distinction is traditionally made between Sundbyvester (Sundby West) and Sundbyøster (Sundby East), located on each their side of Amagerbrogade.
James Stapleton
James Stapleton (8 August 1879 – 10 July 1944) was an English first-class cricketer active 1899–1911 who played for Nottinghamshire as a wicketkeeper. He was born in Eastwood, Nottinghamshire; died in Brinsley.

Eastwood, Nottinghamshire
Eastwood is a town and civil parish in the Broxtowe district of Nottinghamshire, England, 9 miles (14 km) northwest of Nottingham. Mentioned in Domesday Book, it expanded rapidly during the Industrial Revolution. The Midland Railway was formed here and it is the birthplace of D. H. Lawrence.
HTC Hero
HTC Hero (marketed as T-Mobile G2 Touch by T-Mobile in the UK, Austria, Germany, Croatia, the Netherlands, Slovakia, and Hungary; and as Era G2 Touch in Poland) is the third phone manufactured by HTC running the Android platform, announced on June 24, 2009 in London.

It is the second flagship Android phone, and the fourth Android phone after HTC Dream, HTC Magic, and the original Samsung Galaxy. Notably, it is the first phone by HTC to feature a 3.5 mm audio jack, multi-touch ability, the HTC Sense user interface, and a "Lite" version of Adobe Flash.

Adobe Flash
Adobe Flash (formerly Macromedia Flash and FutureSplash) is a mostly discontinued multimedia software platform used for production of animations, rich internet applications, desktop applications, mobile apps, mobile games, and embedded web browser video players.
Altastenberg
Altastenberg is a village in the borough of Winterberg in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It  is a state-recognised spa, is classed as one of the mountain villages in the borough and, at just under 800 m. above NN, is also the highest village in the Sauerland.

Normalnull
Normalnull ("standard zero") or Normal-Null (short N. N. or NN) is an outdated official vertical datum used in Germany. Elevations using this reference system were to be marked Meter über Normal-Null (“meters above standard zero”). Normalnull has been replaced by Normalhöhennull (NHN).
Pēteris Zālīte
Pēteris Zālīte (1 December 1864, Rauna Parish (now Smiltene Municipality), Kreis Wenden, Governorate of Livonia – 18 August 1939, Riga) was a Latvian philosopher, journalist and politician. He became a member of the 3rd Saeima in January 1931, representing the Labour League of Latvia and replacing Kārlis Balodis. In the elections to the 4th Saeima in October 1931, he retained his seat, which he held until the Saeima was dissolved following the 1934 Latvian coup d'état.

Governorate of Livonia
The Governorate of Livonia, also known as the Livonia Governorate, was a province (guberniya) and one of the Baltic governorates of the Russian Empire, Baltic Governorate-General until 1876. Governorate of Livonia bordered Governorate of Estonia to the north, Saint Petersburg and Pskov Governorates to the east, Courland Governorate to the south, and the Gulf of Riga to the west. In 1897, the population of the governorate was 1,299,365, and it had an area of 47,030.87 square kilometres (18,158.72 mi2). The administrative centre of the governorate was the Baltic Sea port of Riga. It roughly corresponded to most of the modern Vidzeme Region of Latvia and southern Estonia.
Robert Orme
Robert Orme (25 December 1728 – 13 January 1801) was a British historian of India. Son of a British East India Company physician and surgeon, he entered the service of the Company in Bengal in 1743. He was regarded as an authority on India.

He was appointed as a Member of the Council at Fort St. George, Madras, between 1754 and 1758. In that capacity he was instrumental in the sending of a young Robert Clive as the head of a punitive expedition in 1757 to Calcutta, after the Black Hole incident of 1756. He returned to England in 1760, and was appointed as historiographer to the British East India Company in 1769.

Orme wrote A History of the Military Transactions of the British Nation in Indostan from 1745 (1763–78). He also published Historical Fragments of the Mogul Empire, the Morattoes and English Concerns in Indostan from the year 1659 (1782).

Punitive expedition
A punitive expedition is a military journey undertaken to punish a political entity or any group of people outside the borders of the punishing state or union. It is usually undertaken in response to perceived disobedient or morally wrong behavior by miscreants, as revenge or corrective action, or to apply strong diplomatic pressure without a formal declaration of war (e.g. surgical strike). In the 19th century, punitive expeditions were used more commonly as pretexts for colonial adventures that resulted in annexations, regime changes or changes in policies of the affected state to favour one or more colonial powers.

Stowell (1921) provides the following definition:

When the territorial sovereign is too weak or is unwilling to enforce respect for international law, a state which is wronged may find it necessary to invade the territory and to chastise the individuals who violate its rights and threaten its security.
Zealot: The Life and Times of Jesus of Nazareth
Zealot: The Life and Times of Jesus of Nazareth is a book by Iranian-American writer and sociologist Reza Aslan. It is a historical account of the life of Jesus that analyzes religious perspectives on Jesus as well as the creation of Christianity. It was a New York Times best seller. Aslan argues that Jesus was a political, rebellious and eschatological (end times) Jew whose proclamation of the coming kingdom of God was a call for regime change, for ending Roman hegemony over Judea and the corrupt and oppressive aristocratic priesthood. The book has been optioned by Lionsgate and producer David Heyman with a script co-written by Aslan and screenwriter James Schamus. The book was widely criticized by scholars of early Christianity for historical inaccuracies.

Option (filmmaking)
In the film industry, an option agreement is a contract that "rents" the rights to a source material to a potential film producer. 
It grants the film producer the exclusive option to purchase rights to the source material if they live up to the terms of the contract and make a film (or series) from it. This is known as optioning the source material.

Some examples of producers are film studios, production companies or an individual. Source materials are often a book, theatrical play, or screenplay; however, they may also be articles, video games, songs, or any other work of intellectual property.

The term is often used as a verb. For example, "Paramount optioned a short story by Ted Chiang."
Gosbeck Wood
Gosbeck Wood is a 22.8-hectare (56-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest east of Needham Market in Suffolk.

This is an ancient coppice with standards wood mainly on boulder clay, with some areas of sandy soil. Dog's mercury is dominant in the ground flora, and other plants include spurge laurel, wood spurge, herb paris and hairy woodrush.

A footpath goes through the wood.

Mercurialis perennis
Mercurialis perennis, commonly known as dog's mercury, is a poisonous woodland plant found in much of Europe as well as in Algeria, Iran, Turkey, and the Caucasus, but almost absent from Ireland, Orkney and Shetland. A member of the spurge family (Euphorbiaceae), it is a herbaceous, downy perennial with erect stems bearing simple, serrate leaves. The dioecious inflorescences are green, bearing inconspicuous flowers from February to April.  It characteristically forms dense, extensive carpets on the floor of woodlands and beneath hedgerows.
Haryanvi language
Haryanvi (हरियाणवी or हरयाणवी) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken primarily in the Indian state of Haryana and the territory of Delhi. Haryanvi is considered to be part of the dialect group of Western Hindi, which also includes Khariboli and Braj. It is written in the Devanagari script.

The Rangri dialect of Haryanvi of the Ranghar community is still spoken by Muhajir emigres in the Pakistani provinces of Punjab and Sindh, though it has become extinct within Haryana itself. The dialect is written in the Nastaliq variant of the Perso-Arabic script.

Nastaliq
Nastaliq is one of the main calligraphic hands used to write Persian script and Arabic script and is used for significant Indo-Iranian languages (namely all of the Iranic and some of the Indo-Aryan), predominantly Persian, Kurdish, Pashto, Balochi, Urdu, Sindhi, Saraiki, Kashmiri and Punjabi. It is often used also for Ottoman Turkish, but rarely for Arabic (particularly in Iraq). Nastaliq developed in Iran from the combination of naskh and ta'liq, beginning in the 13th century and remains widely used in Iran, India, Pakistan, Afghanistan and other countries for written poetry and as a form of art.
Griffin Inlet
Griffin Inlet is a body of water in the Qikiqtaaluk Region of Nunavut, Canada. Situated in Wellington Channel, it lies north of Cape Bowden, off the southwestern coast of Devon Island, in the eastern high Arctic.

It was discovered by and named for Samuel P. Griffin, commander of the ship Rescue during the search for the lost Sir John Franklin expedition.

Wellington Channel
The Wellington Channel (75°00′N 093°00′W﻿ / ﻿75.000°N 93.000°W﻿ / 75.000; -93.000﻿ (Wellington Channel)) (not to be confused with Wellington Strait) is a natural waterway through the central Canadian Arctic Archipelago in Qikiqtaaluk Region, Nunavut. It runs north–south, separating Cornwallis Island and Devon Island. Queens Channel lies to the west, separated by Baillie-Hamilton Island, Dundas Island, and Margaret Island.
Afandiyev
Afandiyev (masculine, Azerbaijani: Əfəndiyev) or Afandiyeva (feminine, Azerbaijani: Əfəndiyeva) is an Azerbaijani surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Elchin Afandiyev (1943–2025), Azerbaijani writer, academic and politician

Ilyas Afandiyev (1914–1996), Azerbaijani Soviet writer

Sultan Majid Afandiyev (1887–1938), Azerbaijani revolutionary and politician

Narmin Afandiyeva (born 1993), Azerbaijani chemist

Elchin Afandiyev
Elchin Ilyas oglu Afandiyev, also known mononymously as Elçin (Azerbaijani: Elçin İlyas oğlu Əfəndiyev; 13 May 1943 – 3 August 2025) was an Azerbaijani writer, academic and politician who served as Deputy Prime Minister of Azerbaijan from 1993 to 2018.
Arjun Bhati
Arjun Bhati (born 7 September 2004) is an Indian amateur golfer. He is from Greater Noida, won the FCG Callaway Junior World Golf Championships 2019. He is a golf prodigy, an amateur golfer. 40 countries and 637 golfers had participated in the tournament. Arjun secured the first position with 199 strokes in the three-day final.

Arjun Bhati is an emerging champion of Indian golf history, he has won Junior World Golf Championships 2018. Arjun has won several championships in various world golf tournaments.

Arjun was in the news for donating ₹4.30 lakhs to the PM-CARES relief fund, which he raised by selling 102 trophies he had been awarded.

Junior World Golf Championships
The Uswing Mojing Junior World Golf Championships are held in San Diego, California, United States, each year, currently in July, and conducted by the San Diego Junior Golf Association. They include tournaments for six age groups ranging from under-6 to 15–17 and for both sexes. Each age group plays at a separate course, ranging from a par-3 course for the youngest to Torrey Pines for the 15–17s, which is also the venue for the Farmers Insurance Open on the PGA Tour and the site of the 2008 U.S. Open.
New Maryland Parish, New Brunswick
New Maryland is a geographic parish in York County, New Brunswick, Canada.

Prior to the 2023 governance reform, for governance purposes it was divided between the village of New Maryland the local service district of the parish of New Maryland, both of which were members of Capital Region Service Commission (RSC11). The LSD further includes the special service areas of Howorth and Nasonworth.

York County, New Brunswick
York County (2021 population 105,261) is located in west-central New Brunswick, Canada. The county contains the provincial capital, Fredericton. Outside the city, farming and forestry are two major industries in the county, which is bisected by the Saint John River. The Southwest Miramichi River flows through the northern section of the county.
Philippines at the 2021 SEA Games
The Philippines participated at the 31st Southeast Asian Games which was held from 12 to 23 May 2022 in Hanoi, Vietnam.

The delegation finished fourth in the medal tally winning 52 gold, 70 silver and 104 bronze medals.

Philippine Sports Commission
The Philippine Sports Commission (PSC; Filipino: Komisyon sa Palakasan ng Pilipinas) is an agency of the Philippine government that tackles matters concerning sports in the country. The sports agency is independent from the Philippine Olympic Committee, a privately-ran organization that enjoys autonomy from the government.
Enpiprazole
Enpiprazole (INN, BAN) is an anxiolytic drug of the phenylpiperazine group that was never marketed. It produces anxiolytic-like effects in animals, though these effects appear to be biphasic and may reverse at high doses. It is known to produce ortho-chlorophenylpiperazine (oCPP) as a metabolite.

British Approved Name
A British Approved Name (BAN) is the official, non-proprietary, or generic name given to a pharmaceutical substance, as defined in the British Pharmacopoeia (BP). The BAN is also the official name used in some countries around the world, because starting in 1953, proposed new names were evaluated by a panel of experts from WHO in conjunction with the BP commission  to ensure naming consistency worldwide (an effort leading to the International Nonproprietary Name system). There is also a British Approved Name (Modified) (BANM).
Quiricus (bishop of Barcelona)
Quiricus (Catalan: Quirze), a churchman and well-connected man of letters, was the bishop of Barcelona from 648 until about 667 during the Visigothic period.

Quiricus wrote a hymn in honour of Saint Eulalia. The hymn Barchinon laete Cucufate vernans, in honour of Saint Cucuphas (Cugat), was probably also composed by him. At Quiricus' request, Taio, Bishop of Zaragoza, began compiling an anthology of extracts from the work of Gregory the Great in 653. In 654, progress on the compilation was slowed by the revolt of Froia and the invasion of the Basques. Archbishop Ildefonsus of Toledo dedicated his treatise on the perpetual virginity of Mary (De perpetua virginitate) to Quiricus.

Quiricus of Barcelona may be identical to the Quiricus of Toledo who appears as bishop there from about 670 until his death in 680.

Eulalia of Barcelona
Eulalia (c. 289 – February 12, 303), co-patron saint of Barcelona, was a 13-year-old Roman Christian virgin who was martyred in Barcelona during the persecution of Christians in the reign of emperor Diocletian (the Sequence of Saint Eulalia mentions his co-emperor the "pagan king" Maximian). There is some dispute as to whether she is the same person as Eulalia of Mérida, whose story is similar.