hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Orpiment
Orpiment, also known as yellow arsenic blende, is a deep-colored, orange-yellow arsenic sulfide mineral with formula As2S3. It is found in volcanic fumaroles, low-temperature hydrothermal veins, and hot springs and may be formed through sublimation.

Orpiment takes its name from the Latin auripigmentum (aurum, "gold" + pigmentum, "pigment"), due to its deep-yellow color. Orpiment once was widely used in artworks, medicine, and other applications. Because of its toxicity and instability, its usage has declined.

Hydrothermal circulation
Hydrothermal circulation in its most general sense is the circulation of hot water (Ancient Greek ὕδωρ, water, and θέρμη, heat ). Hydrothermal circulation occurs most often in the vicinity of sources of heat within the Earth's crust. In general, this occurs near volcanic activity, but can occur in the shallow to mid crust along deeply penetrating fault irregularities or in the deep crust related to the intrusion of granite, or as the result of orogeny or metamorphism. Hydrothermal circulation often results in hydrothermal mineral deposits.
Coherence (fairness)
Coherence, also called uniformity: Thm.8.3  or consistency, is a criterion for evaluating rules for fair division. Coherence requires that the outcome of a fairness rule is fair not only for the overall problem, but also for each sub-problem. Every part of a fair division should be fair.

The coherence requirement was first studied in the context of apportionment. In this context, failure to satisfy coherence is called the new states paradox: when a new U.S. state enters the union, and the number of seats in the House of Representatives is enlarged to accommodate the number of seats allocated to this new state, some other unrelated states are affected. Coherence is also relevant to other fair division problems, such as bankruptcy problems.

Concordance (apportionment)
Static population-monotonicity: 147 , also called concordance: 75 , says that a party with more votes should not receive a smaller apportionment of seats. Failures of concordance are often called electoral inversions or majority reversals.
The Witterings (ward)
The Witterings is an electoral ward of Chichester District, West Sussex, England and returns three members to sit on Chichester District Council.

Following a district boundary review, The Witterings was created from the East Wittering and West Wittering wards in 2019.

Chichester District
Chichester is a local government district in West Sussex, England. It is named after the city of Chichester, which is its largest settlement and where the council is based. The district includes the towns of Midhurst, Petworth and Selsey and surrounding rural areas, including many villages. The district includes part of the South Downs National Park, and Chichester Harbour is a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. At the 2021 census the district had a population of 124,531.

The district is on the coast, facing the English Channel. The neighbouring districts are Arun, Horsham, Waverley, East Hampshire and Havant.
HMS Havock
Six vessels of the Royal Navy have been named HMS Havock, including:

HMS Havock (1805) was a 12-gun gun-brig launched in 1805. She became a lightvessel in 1821, a watch vessel in 1834 and was broken up in 1859.

HMS Havock (1855) was a mortar vessel launched in 1855, and renamed MV5 later that year. She became a customs watch vessel  designated WV27, and was broken up in 1874.

HMS Havock (1856) was an Albacore-class wooden screw gunboat launched in 1856 and sold in 1870.

HMS Havock (1893) was a Havock-class destroyer launched in 1893, becoming the first design of torpedo boat destroyers in the Navy. She was broken up in 1912.

HMS Havock was to have been a Laforey-class destroyer, but was renamed HMS Linnet before being launched in 1913.

HMS Havock (H43) was an H-class destroyer launched in 1936 and wrecked in 1942 off Kelibia.

Lightship
A lightvessel, or lightship, is a ship that acts as a lighthouse in areas deemed unsuitable for proper lighthouse construction. Although some records exist of fire beacons being placed on ships in Roman times, the first modern lightship was invented by Robert Hamblin in 1734 and was located off the Nore sandbank at the mouth of the River Thames in London, England. Lightships have since been rendered obsolete by advancing lighthouse construction techniques, and by large automated navigation buoys (LANBY).
Agroar Carga Aérea
Agroar Carga Aérea was a cargo airline based in Portugal. Having originally been specialized on agricultural aviation, Agroar launched commercial airline business with cargo flights between Lisbon and Funchal, using a Boeing 737-300 jet aircraft, which was owned by Flyant.

Agroar also offered aviation-related services like the launching of paratroopers, firefighting, and sightseeing and event flights, as well as aircraft maintenance.

Paratrooper
A paratrooper or military parachutist is a soldier trained to conduct military operations by parachuting directly into an area of operations, usually as part of a large airborne forces unit. Traditionally paratroopers fight only as light infantry armed with small arms and light weapons, although some paratroopers can also function as artillerymen or mechanized infantry by utilizing field guns, infantry fighting vehicles and light tanks that are often used in surprise attacks to seize strategic positions behind enemy lines such as airfields, bridges and major roads.
Robert L. Leahy
Robert L. Leahy  is a psychologist and author and editor of 29 books dedicated to cognitive behavior therapy. He is the director of the American Institute for Cognitive Therapy in New York and Clinical Professor of Psychology in the Department of Psychiatry at Weill Cornell Medical College.

Weill Cornell Medicine
Weill Cornell Medicine (/waɪl/; officially Joan and Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University), originally Cornell University Medical College, is the medical school of Cornell University, located on the Upper East Side neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City, New York, United States.

The school and its associated research organization is affiliated with several hospitals and medical centers, including NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and Rockefeller University, all of which are located on or near York Avenue and Sutton Place. Since 2004, Weill Cornell has also been affiliated with Houston Methodist Hospital.

In 1991, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Rockefeller University joined Weill Cornell to establish the Tri-Institutional MD–PhD Program. In 2001, the school opened the Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, a medical school in Qatar.
PCDH12
Protocadherin-12 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PCDH12 gene.

This gene belongs to the protocadherin gene family, a subfamily of the cadherin superfamily. The encoded protein consists of an extracellular domain containing 6 cadherin repeats, a transmembrane domain and a cytoplasmic tail that differs from those of the classical cadherins. The gene localizes to the region on chromosome 5 where the protocadherin gene clusters reside. The exon organization of this transcript is similar to that of the gene cluster transcripts, notably the first large exon, but no significant sequence homology exists. The function of this cellular adhesion protein is undetermined but mouse protocadherin 12 does not bind catenins and appears to have no effect on cell migration or growth.

Exon
An exon is any part of a gene that will form a part of the final mature RNA produced by that gene after introns have been removed by RNA splicing. The term exon refers to both the DNA sequence within a gene and to the corresponding sequence in RNA transcripts. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are covalently joined to one another as part of generating the mature RNA. Just as the entire set of genes for a species constitutes the genome, the entire set of exons constitutes the exome.
Lisle Wilson
Lisle Astor Wilson Jr. (September 2, 1943 – March 14, 2010) was an American actor known for playing Leonard Taylor on the ABC sitcom That's My Mama which ran from 1974 to 1975. His film roles included appearances in Brian De Palma's horror film Sisters (1972) and The Incredible Melting Man (1977).

He was also recognized for his guest appearances on television shows such as Lou Grant, The White Shadow, and Falcon Crest, to name a few. Lisle was the Director of the American Academy of Dramatic Arts West (in Pasadena, California) for several years.

After ending his regular acting career in 1992, Lisle went on to teach Vocal Techniques, to up and coming Broadcasters at the Academy of Radio and Television Broadcasting in Huntington Beach, California.

Lou Grant (TV series)
Lou Grant is an American drama television series starring Ed Asner in the title role as a newspaper editor that aired on CBS from September 20, 1977, to September 13, 1982. The third spin-off (after Rhoda and Phyllis) of the American sitcom The Mary Tyler Moore Show, Lou Grant was created by James L. Brooks, Allan Burns, and Gene Reynolds.

Lou Grant won 13 Primetime Emmy Awards, including Outstanding Drama Series twice. Asner received the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series in 1978 and 1980. In doing so, he became the first person to win an Emmy Award for both Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series and Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series for portraying the same character. Lou Grant also won two Golden Globe Awards, a Peabody Award, an Eddie Award, three awards from the Directors Guild of America, and two Humanitas Prizes.
Deaths in January 2005
The following is a list of notable deaths in January 2005.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

The Towering Inferno
The Towering Inferno is a 1974 American disaster film directed by John Guillermin and produced by Irwin Allen, featuring an ensemble cast led by Paul Newman and Steve McQueen. It was adapted by Stirling Silliphant from the novels The Tower by Richard Martin Stern and The Glass Inferno by Thomas N. Scortia and Frank M. Robinson. In addition to McQueen and Newman, the cast includes William Holden, Faye Dunaway, Fred Astaire, Susan Blakely, Richard Chamberlain, O. J. Simpson, Robert Vaughn, Robert Wagner, Susan Flannery, Gregory Sierra, Dabney Coleman and Jennifer Jones in her final role.

The Towering Inferno premiered on December 16, 1974. The film received generally positive reviews from critics, and earned around $203.3 million, making it the highest-grossing film of 1974. It was nominated for eight Academy Awards, including Best Picture, winning three: Best Song, Best Cinematography and Best Editing.
Artem Shamatryn
Artem Shamatryn (Ukrainian: Артем Шаматрин; born 15 June 1991) is a Ukrainian athlete specialising in the high hurdles. He represented his country at the 2016 World Indoor Championships without advancing from the heats.

His personal bests are 13.80 seconds in the 110 metres hurdles (+0.5 m/s, Lutsk 2018) and 7.70 seconds in the 60 metres hurdles (Kyiv 2016).

60 metres hurdles
60 metres hurdles is a distance in hurdling which is generally run in indoor competitions. It is equivalent with the first 5 hurdles of a standard outdoor hurdle race. The current women's and men's world records are 7.65 seconds (Devynne Charlton) and 7.27 seconds (Grant Holloway), respectively.
Alexandra Micu
Alexandra Maria Micu is a Romanian fashion model.  Her clients include: Chanel, Dior, Dolce & Gabbana, Ralph Lauren, and Versace.  She has also featured in the Italian version of Elle and various international versions of Harper's Bazaar and Vogue.

Models.com has described Micu as a "hypnotic beauty."

Ford Models has described Micu as having "unforgettable presence and beauty."

Chanel
Chanel (/ʃəˈnɛl/ shə-NEL, French: [ʃanɛl] ⓘ) is a French luxury fashion house founded in 1910 by Coco Chanel in Paris. It is privately owned by French brothers, Alain and Gérard Wertheimer, through the holding company Chanel Limited, established in 2018 and headquartered in London.

Chanel specializes in women's ready-to-wear, luxury goods, and accessories and licenses its name and branding to Luxottica for eyewear. Chanel is well known for its No. 5 perfume and "Chanel Suit". Chanel is credited for revolutionizing haute couture and ready-to-wear by replacing structured, corseted silhouettes with more functional garments that women still found flattering.
2016 Reinert Open – Doubles
Eva Hrdinová and Shahar Pe'er were the defending champions, but chose not to participate.

Natela Dzalamidze and Valeriya Strakhova won the title, defeating Kanae Hisami and Kotomi Takahata in the final, 6–2, 6–1.

Valeriya Strakhova
Valeriya Mykhaylivna Strakhova (Ukrainian: Валерія Михайлівна Страхова; born 9 June 1995) is a Ukrainian tennis player.
She has a career-high doubles ranking of world No. 97, achieved on 23 September 2024. On 1 February 2016, she peaked at No. 231 in the WTA singles rankings. Strakhova has one WTA 125 doubles title as well as 14 singles and 48 doubles titles on the ITF circuit.
Gone in 60 Seconds (2000 film)
Gone in 60 Seconds (also known as Gone in Sixty Seconds) is a 2000 American action heist film starring Nicolas Cage, Angelina Jolie, Giovanni Ribisi, Christopher Eccleston, Robert Duvall, Vinnie Jones, Delroy Lindo, Chi McBride, and Will Patton. The film was directed by Dominic Sena, written by Scott Rosenberg, and produced by Jerry Bruckheimer. The film is a loose remake of the H. B. Halicki film Gone in 60 Seconds (1974).

The film was shot from May to October 1999, throughout Los Angeles and Long Beach, California. It was released on June 9, 2000, by Buena Vista Pictures (through its Touchstone Pictures label). Upon release, Gone in 60 Seconds received generally negative reviews from critics, with criticism for its writing, direction, as well as acting and action sequences. Despite the critical response, the film grossed $237 million against an estimated production budget of $90 million.

Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures
Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures is an American film distributor within the Disney Entertainment division of the Walt Disney Company. It handles theatrical and occasional digital distribution, marketing, and promotion for films produced and released by the Walt Disney Studios, including Walt Disney Pictures, Walt Disney Animation Studios, Pixar, Marvel Studios, Lucasfilm, 20th Century Studios and Searchlight Pictures, though the latter unit operates its own autonomous theatrical distribution and marketing unit in the United States.

The company was originally established by Walt Disney in 1953 as Buena Vista Film Distribution Company Inc. (later renamed Buena Vista Distribution Inc. and Buena Vista Pictures Distribution Inc.). It took on its current name in late 2007.
Dauphin (surname)
Dauphin is the surname of:

Charles Dauphin (c. 1620–1677), French painter

Chuck Dauphin (1974–2019), American music journalist

Claude Dauphin (actor) (1903–1978), French actor

Claude Dauphin (businessman) (1951–2015), French billionaire businessman

Claude Dauphin (politician) (born 1953), Canadian politician

Claudine Dauphin (born 1950), a French archaeologist

François Dauphin (born 1953), Canadian handball player

Jacques Dauphin (1923–1994), French advertising executive

Laurent Dauphin (born 1995), Canadian ice hockey player

Marc Dauphin (born 1960), Canadian military surgeon

Max Dauphin (born 1977), Luxembourgish painter

Robert Dauphin (1905–1961), French footballer

Ronald Dauphin, Haitian activist and political prisoner

Claude Dauphin (politician)
Claude Dauphin (born 17 December 1953, in Lachine, Quebec) is a lawyer and politician in the province of Quebec, Canada.  He was a Montreal city councillor and also served as the mayor of the Montreal borough of Lachine. He was also elected to the National Assembly of Quebec for the riding of Marquette in the Montreal region from 1981 to 1994 as a member of the Quebec Liberal Party.
Duddon Valley Woodlands
Duddon Valley Woodlands is a Site of Special Scientific Interest within the Lake District National Park in Cumbria, England. This protected area comprises eight large patches of woodland along the valley of the River Duddon. The northernmost part of this protected area is near Seathwaite and southern most at Duddon Bridge. This protected area has an exceptional diversity of moss species and also has a population of the common dormouse.

This protected area includes Tail Bank Wood, Newfield Woods, Wallowbarrow, Lily Wood, Middle Park Wood, Rainsbarrow Wood, Forge Wood and Crook Wood along Duddon Valley.

Within Rainsbarrow Wood there is an individual small-leaved lime estimated to be 400 years old.

Tilia cordata
Tilia cordata, the small-leaved lime or small-leaved linden, is a species of tree in the family Malvaceae, native to much of Europe. Its other common names include little-leaf or littleleaf linden, or traditionally in South East England, pry or pry tree. Its range extends from Britain through mainland Europe to the Caucasus and western Asia. In the south of its range it is restricted to high elevations.
1998–99 Evansville Purple Aces men's basketball team
The 1998–99 Evansville Purple Aces men's basketball team represented the University of Evansville in the 1998–99 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. Their head coach was Jim Crews and they played their home games at Roberts Municipal Stadium as members of the Missouri Valley Conference. After finishing alone atop the MVC regular season standings, the Purple Aces lost in the championship game of the MVC tournament. The Aces received an at-large bid to the 1999 NCAA tournament. They were defeated by No. 6 seed Kansas in the opening round and finished 23–10 (13–5 MVC).

1998–99 Kansas Jayhawks men's basketball team
The 1998–99 Kansas Jayhawks men's basketball team represented the University of Kansas in the 1998–99 NCAA Division I men's basketball season, which was the Jayhawks' 101st basketball season. The head coach was Roy Williams, who served his 11th year at KU. The team played its home games in Allen Fieldhouse in Lawrence, Kansas.
Silent Night: A Benefit Single for Feeding America
"Silent Night: A Benefit for Feeding America" is a digital solo piano single released in December 2013 by the pianist George Winston. The proceeds from the single, which was inspired by Joseph Byrd's version from his 1975 album, A Christmas Yet to Come, and the playing of the New Orleans R&B pianist Professor Longhair, were donated to Feeding America, a nationwide network of food banks that feeds 37 million people.

Feeding America
Feeding America is a United States–based non-profit organization that is a nationwide network of more than 200 food banks that feed more than 46 million people through food pantries, soup kitchens, shelters, and other community-based agencies. Forbes ranks it as the largest U.S. charity by revenue. Feeding America was known as America's Second Harvest until August 31, 2008.
Small nucleolar RNA SNORA61
In molecular biology, Small nucleolar RNA SNORA61 (also known as ACA61) is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the biogenesis (modification) of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a 'guide RNA'.
ACA61 was originally cloned from HeLa cells and belongs to the H/ACA box class of snoRNAs as it has the predicted hairpin-hinge-hairpin-tail structure, has the conserved H/ACA-box motifs and is found associated with GAR1 protein. snoRNA ACA61 is predicted to guide the pseudouridylation of U2495 of 28S ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Pseudouridylation is the (isomerisation of the nucleoside uridine) to the different isomeric form pseudouridine.

Isomerization
In chemistry, isomerization or isomerisation is the process in which a molecule, polyatomic ion   or molecular fragment is transformed into an isomer with a different chemical structure. Enolization is an example of isomerization, as is tautomerization.

When the activation energy for the isomerization reaction is sufficiently small, both isomers can often be observed and the equilibrium ratio will shift in a temperature-dependent equilibrium with each other. Many values of the standard free energy difference, , have been calculated, with good agreement between observed and calculated data.
Yisrael Rosen
Yisrael Rosen (Hebrew: ישראל רוזן; 1941 – November 1, 2017) was an Orthodox Israeli rabbi.  He founded the office for conversion to Judaism in the Chief Rabbinate of Israel and he was a judge there.  He was also director of the Zomet Institute for the interface of halakhah and technology and the editor-in-chief of the annual journal Techumin published by that institute.  He edited the weekly newsletter Shabbat B'Shabbato and wrote a weekly column therein.  He wrote commentaries about the Rabbinic interpretations of Tanakh (the Hebrew Bible).

Tehumin
Tehumin (Hebrew: תחומין, Tehumin being an acronym for Torah Hevrah UMedINa (Hebrew: תורה חברה ומדינה), lit. Torah, Society and State) is a Hebrew-language annual journal of articles about Jewish law and Modernity.
Onuralp Bitim
Onuralp Bitim (born 31 March 1999 in Istanbul) is a Turkish professional basketball player for Fenerbahçe Beko of the Turkish Basketbol Süper Ligi (BSL) and the EuroLeague.

He won the Turkish slam dunk contest twice, during 2018 and 2020 Basketbol Süper Ligi All-Star Weekend.

2025 Turkish Basketball Presidential Cup
The 2025 Turkish Basketball Presidential Cup (Turkish: 2025 Erkekler Basketbol Cumhurbaşkanlığı Kupası) was the 38th edition of the Turkish Basketball Presidential Cup. The game was played on 24 September 2025 at Sinan Erdem Dome between Fenerbahçe Beko, champions of the 2024–25 Basketbol Süper Ligi, also winners of the 2025 Turkish Basketball Cup and Beşiktaş Gain, runners-up of the 2024–25 Basketbol Süper Ligi.

Fenerbahçe won 7 championship in their 18 final appearance, while Beşiktaş played a total of 2 President's Cup finals and won only 1 of them.

Fenerbahçe won the game 85-83 for their 8th title. They also won their 4th major trophy in 2025 (after winning Turkish Super League, Turkish Cup and EuroLeague), to become the first Turkish team to win 4 major trophies in one calendar year.
Symposium (Feuerbach)
Symposium or Das Gastmahl des Platon are paintings by the German painter Anselm Feuerbach from c. 1869 and 1873/74 of a moment from Plato's Symposium, when the drunken Alcibiades and revelers enter the house of the poet Agathon. Socrates, near the wall at right-centre, turns his back on the scene, and bows his head.

The 1869 painting is in the Staatliche Kunsthalle Karlsruhe and the 1874 painting in the Alte Nationalgalerie, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin.

Staatliche Museen zu Berlin
The Staatliche Museen zu Berlin (Berlin State Museums) are a group of institutions in Berlin, Germany, comprising seventeen museums in five clusters; several research institutes; libraries; and supporting facilities. They are overseen by the Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation and funded by the German federal government in collaboration with Germany's federal states. The central complex on Museum Island was added to the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites in 1999. By 2007, the Staatliche Museen zu Berlin had grown into the largest complex of museums in Europe. The museum was originally founded by King Friedrich Wilhelm III of Prussia in 1823 as the Königliche Museen (Royal Museums).

The director-general of the Staatliche Museen zu Berlin is Floretine Dietrich.