hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Beverly Jenkins
Beverly Jenkins (born 1951, Detroit) is an American author of historical and contemporary romance novels with a particular focus on 19th-century African American life. Jenkins was a 2013 NAACP Image Award nominee and, in 1999, was voted one of the Top 50 Favorite African American writers of the 20th century by the African American Literature Book Club. Jenkins's historical romances are set during a period of African American history that she believes is often overlooked. This made it difficult to break into publishing because publishers weren't sure what to do with stories that involved African Americans but not slavery.

Jenkins studied at Michigan State University as a Journalism and English Literature major. She lives in Southeastern Michigan.

NAACP Image Awards
The NAACP Image Awards is an annual awards ceremony presented by the American-based National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) to honor outstanding performances in film, television, theatre, music, and literature. Over 40 categories of the Image Awards are voted on by the NAACP members. Honorary awards (similar to the Academy Honorary Award) have also been included, such as the President's Award, the Chairman's Award, the Entertainer of the Year, the Activist of the Year, and the Hall of Fame Award. Beyoncé is the most awarded individual with 25 wins as a solo artist.
Glasbury
Glasbury (Welsh: Y Clas-ar-Wy), also known as Glasbury-on-Wye, is a village and community in Powys, Wales. The village lies at an important crossing point on the River Wye, connecting the historic counties of Brecknockshire and Radnorshire, and is located just outside the Brecon Beacons National Park, north of the Black Mountains. The village is split between the communities of Glasbury and Gwernyfed. The nearest town is Hay-on-Wye, some 4 miles (6 km) to the north east. The nearest city is Hereford in England, some 25 miles (40 km) to the east.  Glasbury is a popular location for river fishing, canoeing and kayaking. The population of Glasbury community in Radnorshire was 994 (census 2011), in 1841 it was 838.

Black Mountains, United Kingdom
The Black Mountains (Welsh: Y Mynydd Du or Y Mynyddoedd Duon) is a group of hills on the England–Wales border. The larger Welsh part is located in south-east Powys and north-west Monmouthshire, and the smaller English part in western Herefordshire. The range lies approximately within a triangle defined by Abergavenny in the south-east, Hay-on-Wye in the north, and Llangors in the west; Talgarth and Crickhowell are also nearby.

The Welsh part of the Black Mountains is the easternmost of the four ranges of hills that comprise the Brecon Beacons National Park; it should not be confused with the westernmost, the similarly-named Black Mountain. The Black Mountains contain a peak called the Black Mountain, which is the highest point in southern England. The Gospel Pass road is the highest public road in Wales.
Pinebook
The Pinebook is a low-cost notebook developed by Hong Kong–based computer manufacturer Pine64. The Pinebook was announced in November 2016 and production started in April 2017. It is based on the platform of Pine64's existing Pine A64 single board computer, costing US$89 or $99 for the 11.6" and 14" model respectively. Its appearance resembles the MacBook Air. The Pinebook is sold "at-cost" by Pine64 as a community service.

MacBook Air
The MacBook Air is a line of consumer-oriented high-end Mac notebook computers developed and manufactured by Apple since 2008. It features a thin, light structure in a machined aluminum case and either a 13 in (330 mm) or 15 in (380 mm)  screen. The MacBook Air's lower prices relative to the larger, higher performance MacBook Pro have made it Apple's entry-level notebook since the discontinuation of the original MacBook line in 2012.
Z.T. Dunham Pioneer Stock Farm
The Z.T. Dunham Pioneer Stock Farm, also known as the Dunham Horse Barn, is a historic barn located northwest of Dunlap, Iowa, United States. The 40-by-44-foot (12 by 13 m) brick structure with a gable roof was built by Z.T. Dunham and his brother Sam. The brothers were partners in a farming operation left to them in their father's estate. Their father, Cornelius Dunham, had been one of the original settlers in Crawford County, Iowa in 1849. At the same time the barn was built a house for their mother was also constructed. A country road now separates the house and the barn. The two brothers went their own way in the mid 1870s, and Z.T. Dunham continued to operate the farm where he specialized in raising Shorthorn cattle and Poland China hogs. The barn represents the period of large scale beef production, and its importance to the local economy. The barn was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993. The farm remains in the Dunham family.

Crawford County, Iowa
Crawford County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,525, and was estimated to be 16,378 in 2024. The county seat is Denison. The county was named for William Harris Crawford, U.S. senator from Georgia and United States Secretary of the Treasury.
Life Class
Life Class is a novel by Pat Barker released in 2007. The novel is about students at the Slade School of Art in the first years of the twentieth century, one of whom volunteers to serve in a front line hospital during the First World War.

David Boyd Haycock's A Crisis of Brilliance: Five Young British Artists and the Great War (Old Street Publishing, 2009) presents the remarkable "true story" that lies behind Barker's novel.

Slade School of Fine Art
The UCL Slade School of Fine Art (informally The Slade) is the art school of University College London (UCL) and is based in London, England. It has been ranked as the UK's top art and design educational institution. The school is organised as a department of UCL's Faculty of Arts and Humanities.
Oisans
The Oisans (French pronunciation: [wazɑ̃]) is a region in the French Alps, located in the departments of Isère and Hautes-Alpes, and corresponding to the drainage basin of the river Romanche and its tributaries (Eau d'Olle,  Lignarre, Sarenne, Vénéon and Ferrand). Between Livet-et-Gavet and Le Bourg-d'Oisans, the Romanche forms a deep gorge.

Huez
Huez (French pronunciation: [ɥɛz]) is a commune in the Isère department in southeastern France. The mountain resort Alpe d'Huez is located in the commune. L'Alpe d'Huez is often an ascent on the Tour de France.
Plymouth Hospital
Plymouth Hospital and Nurses Training School was a medical facility operated by and for African Americans in the South End of Boston, from 1908 to 1928. Founded by Dr. Cornelius Garland, it was located at 12 East Springfield Street, in a four-story brownstone.

Brownstone
Brownstone is a brown Triassic–Jurassic sandstone that was historically a popular building material. The term is also used in the United States and Canada to refer to a townhouse clad in this or any other aesthetically similar material.

Brownstone was a popular building material because it is unusually easy to quarry and carve; these qualities also make structures clad in it susceptible to weathering and damage over time.
Sang Kittirath
General Sang Kittirath was a prominent military leader during the Laotian Civil War in the Kingdom of Laos. Between January 1955 and January 1965, he was successively the commander of Military Region 2 (MR 2) and head of the Ground Forces Command. His performance as commander of the losing side at the Battle of Lak Sao in early 1964, plus the loss of support from its political patron Major general Phoumi Nosavan, led to Sang's resignation from command.

Pathet Lao
The Pathet Lao (Lao: ປະເທດລາວ, romanized: Pa thēt Lāo, lit. 'Lao Nation'), officially the Lao People's Liberation Army, was a communist political movement and organization in Laos, formed in the 20th century. It ultimately gained control over the entire country of Laos in 1975, after the Laotian Civil War. The Pathet Lao were associated and dependent on Vietnamese communists and North Vietnam since their foundation, with the group being established after advice from Hanoi to create a Laotian counterpart of the Viet Minh or Viet Cong. During the civil war, it was effectively organised, equipped and led by the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN). They fought against the anti-communist forces in the Vietnam War. Eventually, the term became the generic name for Laotian communists.
Under orders from Mao Zedong, the People's Liberation Army provided 115,000 guns, 920,000 grenades and 170 million bullets, and trained more than 700 of its military officers.
James Willard Schultz
James Willard Schultz, or Apikuni, (August 26, 1859 – June 11, 1947) was an American writer, explorer, Glacier National Park guide, fur trader and historian of the Blackfeet Indians.  He operated a fur trading post at Carroll, Montana 47°34′25″N 108°22′24″W﻿ / ﻿47.57361°N 108.37333°W﻿ / 47.57361; -108.37333﻿ (Carroll, Montana) and lived among the Pikuni tribe during the period 1880–82. He was given the name Apikuni by the Pikuni chief, Running Crane. Apikuni in Blackfeet means "Spotted Robe."  Schultz is most noted for his 37 books, most about Blackfoot life, and for his contributions to the naming of prominent features in Glacier National Park.

Exploration
Exploration is the process of exploring, an activity which has some expectation of discovery. Organised exploration is largely a human activity, but exploratory activity is common to most organisms capable of directed locomotion and the ability to learn, and has been described in, amongst others, social insects foraging behaviour, where feedback from returning individuals affects the activity of other members of the group.
Pewsey railway station
Pewsey railway station serves the large village of Pewsey in the county of Wiltshire, England. The station is on the Berks and Hants line, 75 miles 26 chains (75.33 mi; 121.2 km) measured from the zero point at London Paddington, and served by intercity trains operated by Great Western Railway between London and the West Country. The average journey time to London Paddington from Pewsey is just over an hour. Services between Pewsey and Bedwyn, the next station up the line, are infrequent, most eastbound services next calling at Hungerford, Newbury or Reading instead. This is because Bedwyn was the most westerly point of the Network SouthEast on this line, while Pewsey was an InterCity station.

Pewsey station (despite its relatively few services) has decent passenger usage due to its proximity to Marlborough, about 6 miles (10 km) away, and is in close proximity to other nearby towns and villages with no railway station.

Network SouthEast
Network SouthEast (NSE) was one of the three passenger sectors of British Rail created in 1982. NSE mainly operated commuter rail trains within Greater London and inter-urban services in densely populated South East England, although the network went as far west as Exeter and also covered the inner East of England. Before 1986, the sector was originally known as London & South Eastern. During the privatisation of British Rail, it was gradually divided into a number of franchises.
Mammoth, Pennsylvania
Mammoth is a census-designated place that is located in Mount Pleasant Township, Westmoreland County in the state of Pennsylvania, United States, with its own post office and postal zip code: 15664.

The community is located just off Pennsylvania Route 982 and is part of the Mount Pleasant Area School District.

Pennsylvania Route 982
Pennsylvania Route 982 (PA 982) is a state highway which runs 32.15 miles across Fayette and Westmoreland counties, in southwestern Pennsylvania. The highway begins at U.S. Route 119 (US 119) in Moyer, Pennsylvania, and runs northward into Westmoreland County, passing through the towns of Youngstown, Latrobe, and Derry before ending at US 22/US 119 near Blairsville.
Abdullah Balideh
Abdullah Dor Mohammad Balideh Baloushi (born 14 February 1970) is a Qatari football referee who has been a full international referee for FIFA.

Balideh became a FIFA referee in 2005. He served as a referee in the 2010 and 2014 FIFA World Cup qualifiers, as well as the Pan Arab Games.

2014 FIFA World Cup qualification (AFC)
The Asian Football Confederation (AFC) section of the 2014 FIFA World Cup qualification saw 43 teams competing for 4 or 5 berths in the final tournament in Brazil. As in recent tournaments the AFC had four direct qualifiers for the finals tournament in addition to a further possible place via the intercontinental play-offs against CONMEBOL's fifth-placed team, which was chosen through a random draw, rather than being decided by FIFA beforehand as in previous tournaments (e.g., 2010 against a team from OFC, 2006 against a team from CONCACAF). Iran and South Korea from Group A, along with Australia and Japan from Group B won the 4 direct qualification positions, with Jordan defeating Uzbekistan in a play-off to see which team would face the 5th placed CONMEBOL team, Uruguay, for a place in the World Cup, eventually also failed to qualify for the competition.
Seewarte Seamounts
The Seewarte Seamounts, also known as the Seewarte Seamount Chain, Atlantis-Great Meteor Seamount Chain and the Atlantis-Plato-Cruiser-Great Meteor Seamount Group, is a north-south trending group of extinct submarine volcanoes in the northern Atlantic Ocean south-southeast of the Corner Rise Seamounts.

The Seewarte Seamounts have been interpreted to have formed as a result of the African Plate traveling over the New England hotspot.

African plate
The African plate, also known as the Nubian plate, is a major tectonic plate that includes most of the continent of Africa (except for its easternmost part) and the adjacent oceanic crust to the west and south. It also includes a narrow strip of Western Asia along the Mediterranean Sea, including much of Palestine and Lebanon.  It is bounded by the North American plate and South American plate to the west (separated by the Mid-Atlantic Ridge); the Arabian plate and Somali plate to the east; the Eurasian plate, Aegean Sea plate and Anatolian plate to the north; and the Antarctic plate to the south.

Between 60 million years ago and 10 million years ago, the Somali plate began rifting from the African plate along the East African Rift. Since the continent of Africa consists of crust from both the African and the Somali plates, some literature refers to the African plate as the Nubian plate to distinguish it from the continent as a whole.
Phutigoda
Phutigoda is a village and a gram panchayat within the jurisdiction of the Jaynagar Majilpur police station in the Jaynagar II CD block in the Baruipur subdivision of the South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Jaynagar Majilpur
Jaynagar Majilpur (Bengali: [d͡ʒɔe̯nɔgoɾ mod͡ʒɪlpuɾ] ⓘ) is a town and a municipality of South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal. The town is famous for its confectionery called Jaynagarer Moa.
Lambert azimuthal equal-area projection
The Lambert azimuthal equal-area projection is a particular mapping from a sphere to a disk. It accurately represents area in all regions of the sphere, but it does not accurately represent angles. It is named for the Swiss mathematician Johann Heinrich Lambert, who announced it in 1772. "Zenithal" being synonymous with "azimuthal", the projection is also known as the Lambert zenithal equal-area projection.

The Lambert azimuthal projection is used as a map projection in cartography. For example, the National Atlas of the US uses a Lambert azimuthal equal-area projection to display information in the online Map Maker application, and the European Environment Agency recommends its usage for European mapping for statistical analysis and display. It is also used in scientific disciplines such as geology for plotting the orientations of lines in three-dimensional space. This plotting is aided by a special kind of graph paper called a Schmidt net.

Disk (mathematics)
In geometry, a disk (also spelled disc) is the region in a plane bounded by a circle. A disk is said to be closed if it contains the circle that constitutes its boundary, and open if it does not.

For a radius , an open disk is usually denoted as , and a closed disk is . However in the field of topology the closed disk is usually denoted as , while the open disk is .
Antonietta De Pace
Antonietta de Pace (born 2 February 1818 in Gallipolli – 4 April 1893 in Capodimonte) was an Italian patriot, educator, and military nurse. She was one of the prominent figures in the fight for Italy's freedom and unity. She was one of the founders of the Female Political Committee of Napoli.

Capodimonte, Lazio
Capodimonte is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Viterbo in the Italian region Lazio, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) northwest of Rome and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northwest of Viterbo. It is on the southwestern shore of Lake Bolsena. In contrast to the other communities on the lake, Capodimonte has a headland with a sheltered harbor.

Capodimonte borders the following municipalities via the common border, the lake: Bolsena, Gradoli, Latera, Marta, Montefiascone, Piansano, San Lorenzo Nuovo, Tuscania, Valentano.
Jeffrey W. Legro
Jeffrey W. Legro (born 1959 or 1960) is an American political scientist and professor at the University of Richmond, where he was also the executive vice president and provost from 2017 to 2023. Before that, he was a professor and vice provost for global affairs at the University of Virginia.

A specialist in U.S. foreign policy and international affairs, Legro has written and co-edited numerous books and articles, including Rethinking the World: Great Power Strategies and International Order. He has researched and taught in China, India, Germany, Russia, and the United Kingdom. He is also a member of the Council on Foreign Relations and a board member of the Richmond World Affairs Council.

American Political Science Review
The American Political Science Review (APSR) is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering all areas of political science. It is an official journal of the American Political Science Association and is published on their behalf by Cambridge University Press. APSR was established in 1906 and is the flagship journal in political science.
Maharska Vas
Maharska Vas (pronounced [ˈmaːxaɾska ˈʋaːs], Slovene: Maharska vas, in older sources Maharčka vas or Marhačka vas, German: Marchendorf) is a former village in central Slovenia in the Municipality of Poljčane. It is now part of the town of Poljčane. It is part of the traditional region of Styria and is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.

Municipality of Poljčane
The Municipality of Poljčane (pronounced [pɔlˈtʃaːnɛ]; Slovene: Občina Poljčane) is a municipality in the traditional region of Styria in northeastern Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Poljčane. Poljčane became a municipality in 2006.
Richmond Gaol
The Richmond Gaol is a convict era building and tourist attraction in Richmond, Tasmania, and is the oldest intact gaol in Australia. Building of the gaol commenced in 1825, and predates the establishment of the penal colony at Port Arthur in 1833. One of the tasks completed by the convicts who were held at Richmond Gaol was the construction of Richmond Bridge.

Most of the gaol buildings have not been changed since convict times.  They include an example of a female solitary confinement cell, measuring 2 metres (6.6 ft)s by 1 metre (3.3 ft)

The buildings include a chain gang sleeping rooms, a flogging yard, a cookhouse and holding rooms.  The buildings also feature historical relics and documents.

Female
An organism's sex is female (symbol: ♀) if it produces the ovum (egg cell), the type of gamete (sex cell) that fuses with the male gamete (sperm cell) during sexual reproduction.

A female has larger gametes than a male. Females and males are results of the anisogamous reproduction system, wherein gametes are of different sizes (unlike isogamy where they are the same size).

In species that have males and females, sex-determination may be based on either sex chromosomes, or environmental conditions. Most female mammals, including female humans, have two X chromosomes. Characteristics of organisms with a female sex vary between different species, having different female reproductive systems, with some species showing characteristics secondary to the reproductive system, as with mammary glands in mammals.

In humans, the word female can also be used to refer to gender in the social sense of gender role or gender identity.
Shifford Lock
Shifford Lock is a lock on the River Thames in England. It is in the centre of a triangle formed by the small villages of Shifford, Duxford and Chimney in Oxfordshire. It is at the start of a navigation cut built with the lock by the Thames Conservancy in 1898. This was the only new lock built on the non-tidal Thames in the era of falling revenue after the Thames Conservancy took over responsibilities of the Thames Navigation Commission. It replaced a flash lock in a weir about 3⁄4 mile (1.2 km) downstream.

There is a small weir beside the lock and a larger weir on the old course of the river upstream at the top of the lock cut.

Shifford
Shifford is a hamlet in the civil parish of Aston, Cote, Shifford and Chimney in the West Oxfordshire district of Oxfordshire, England. It is on the north bank of the River Thames about 6 miles (10 km) south of Witney.
2001 Ericsson Open – Men's doubles
Todd Woodbridge and Mark Woodforde were the defending champions but only Woodbridge competed that year with Jonas Björkman.

Björkman and Woodbridge lost in the final 7–5, 7–6(7–3) against Jiří Novák and David Rikl.

Paul Goldstein (tennis)
Paul Herbert Goldstein (born August 4, 1976) is an American tennis coach and former professional player who is the head coach of the Stanford Cardinal men's tennis team.

As a junior, he won the USTA Boys' 16s National Championship in 1992, and the USTA Boys' 18s National Championships in both 1993 and 1994. He then played college tennis at Stanford University, from which he graduated after a career in which he was named an All-American each of the four years he played, and the team won the national championship each year. He won the gold medal in singles at the 1999 Pan American Games. He turned professional in 1998.

The right-hander reached career-high ATP Tour rankings of world No. 58 in singles in April 2006, and world No. 40 in doubles in February 2007. He announced his retirement from professional tennis in 2008. Since 2014, he has been the head coach of the Stanford Cardinal men's tennis team.
Sara Craven
Anne Ashurst (née Bushell; October 1938 in Devon, England – 15 November 2017), who wrote using the pseudonym Sara Craven, was a British author of over 80 romance novels. Her novels were published by Mills & Boon from 1975. In 2010 she became chairman of the Southern Writers' Conference, and the next year was elected the 26th Chairman (2011–2013) of the Romantic Novelists' Association.

Lucy Monroe
Lucy Monroe (October 23, 1906 – October 13, 1987) was an American operatic soprano and dancer. She was noted for her performances of "The Star-Spangled Banner", the national anthem of the United States, which she performed for Presidents and at sporting and military events, which earned her the nickname of "The Star-Spangled Soprano".