hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Postage stamps and postal history of Fezzan and Ghadames
This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Fezzan and Ghadames, both now part of Libya.

Fezzan is a south-western region of modern Libya. It is largely desert but broken by mountains, uplands, and dry river valleys (wadis) in the north, where oases enable ancient towns and villages to survive deep in the otherwise inhospitable Sahara.

Ghadames is an oasis town in the west of Libya. It lies roughly 549 km in the southwest of Tripoli, near the borders with Algeria and Tunisia.

Fezzan and Ghadames was a territory in the southern part of the former Italian colony of Libya controlled by the French from 1943 until Libyan independence in 1951. It was part of the Allied administration of Libya.

Postal history
Postal history is the study of postal systems and how they operate and, or, the study of the use of postage stamps and covers and associated postal artifacts illustrating historical episodes in the development of postal systems. The term is attributed to Robson Lowe, a professional philatelist, stamp dealer and stamp auctioneer, who made the first organised study of the subject in the 1930s and described philatelists as "students of science", but postal historians as "students of humanity".  More precisely, philatelists describe postal history as the study of rates, routes, markings, and means (of transport).
Mad at the World (album)
Mad at the World is the debut studio album by the Christian rock band Mad at the World, released in 1987 by Frontline Records. The album incorporates a synthpop style, which was common in contemporary Christian music during the late 1980s.

Christian music
Christian music is a genre of music that has been written to express either personal or a communal belief regarding Christian life and faith. Common themes of Christian music include praise, worship, penitence, and lament, and its forms vary widely around the world. Church music, hymnals, gospel, and worship music are a part of Christian media and also include contemporary Christian music which itself supports numerous Christian styles of music, including hip hop, rock, contemporary worship, and urban contemporary gospel.

Like other forms of music the creation, performance, significance, and even the definition of Christian music varies according to culture and social context. Christian music can serve various functions, such as ceremonial, educational, aesthetical, or for entertainment purposes.
Epeoloides pilosulus
Epeoloides pilosulus (also sometimes referred to as Epeoloides pilosula), or the macropis cuckoo bee, is a species of kleptoparasitic (cuckoo) bee within the family Apidae. They are found in moist habitats along swamps, streams, and ponds near the nest aggregations of their Macropis (oil-collecting bee) hosts. They are considered a very rare and possibly endangered species with sparse observations across the Central and Eastern United States and Canada.

Nomada
With over 850 species, the genus Nomada is one of the largest genera in the family Apidae, and the largest genus of cuckoo bees. Cuckoo bees are so named because they enter the nests of a host and lay eggs there, stealing resources that the host has already collected. The name "Nomada" is derived from the Greek word nomas (νομάς), meaning "roaming" or "wandering."

Nomada are kleptoparasites of many different types of bees as hosts, primarily the genus Andrena, but also Agapostemon, Melitta, Eucera and Exomalopsis.  As parasites, they lack a pollen-carrying scopa, and are mostly hairless, as they do not collect pollen to feed their offspring.  Like non-parasitic bees, adults are known to visit flowers and feed on nectar. Given the lack of scopa and general behavior, they are considered poor pollinators.
Law Hill
Law Hill is a hill in the North Ayrshire town of West Kilbride, overlooking the Firth of Clyde and the hills of Arran beyond. The summit rises above the village, with nearby Law Castle a few minutes walk away.

On the farm road which approaches the peak, there are a number of green huts which are used as holiday dwellings or allotments. Huts of this type were first used as retreats for military servicemen and are now commonly used by families and pensioners, although their number in Scotland has declined.

The summit of Law Hill is capped with a large radio tower which belongs to Arqiva.

Firth of Clyde
The Firth of Clyde is the estuary of the River Clyde, on the west coast of Scotland. The Firth has some of the deepest coastal waters of the British Isles and is sheltered from the Atlantic Ocean by the Kintyre Peninsula.  The Firth lies between West Dunbartonshire in the north, Argyll and Bute in the west, and Inverclyde, North Ayrshire and South Ayrshire in the east. Kilbrannan Sound is a large arm of the Firth, separating the Kintyre Peninsula from the Isle of Arran. The Kyles of Bute separates the Isle of Bute from the Cowal Peninsula. The Sound of Bute separates the islands of Bute and Arran.

The Highland Boundary Fault crosses the Firth.  The Firth also played a vital military role during World War II.

The Firth is sometimes called the Clyde Waters or Clyde Sea. It is customarily considered to be part of the Irish Sea.
Deutsche Akademie für Fernsehen
The Deutsche Akademie für Fernsehen (DAfF; German Television Academy) was founded in December 2010 by television professionals from various fields of television production. It has its headquarters in Munich and an office in Cologne.

Naked Among Wolves (2015 film)
Naked Among Wolves (German: Nackt unter Wölfen), also released as The Camp, is a 2015 German drama film directed by Philipp Kadelbach. It is based on the 1958 novel of the same name by Bruno Apitz, which was published in 1958 in East Germany. Created for television, it is the third film version of the literary text after the 1963 version.
2012 Japanese Super Cup
The 2012 Japanese Super Cup was a football competition held on 3 March 2012 between the 2011 J. League champions Kashiwa Reysol and the 2011 Emperor's Cup winner F.C. Tokyo. Kashiwa Reysol won the match 2–1 in regulation time.

Kashiwa Reysol
Kashiwa Reysol (柏レイソル, Kashiwa Reisoru) is a Japanese professional football club based in Kashiwa, Chiba Prefecture, part of the Greater Tokyo Area. The club plays in the J1 League, which is the top tier of football in the country. Their home stadium is Sankyo Frontier Kashiwa Stadium, also known as "Hitachidai". Reysol is a portmanteau of the Spanish words Rey and Sol, meaning "Sun King". The name alludes to their parent company Hitachi, whose name means "rising sun" in Japanese.

The club was formed in 1940 and was a founding member ("Original Eight") of the Japan Soccer League (JSL) in 1965. Since the league's inception, they have spent the majority of their existence in the top tier of Japanese football. They have been Japanese League champions twice in 1972 and 2011, and have won three League Cups in 1976, 1999 and 2013, and three Emperor's Cups in 1972, 1975 and 2012.
Short-tailed hawk
The short-tailed hawk (Buteo brachyurus) is an American bird of prey in the family Accipitridae, which also includes the eagles and Old World vultures. As a member of the genus Buteo, it is not a true hawk and thus also referred to as a "buteo" or (outside North America) "buzzard". The white-throated hawk (B. albigula) is a close relative and was formerly included in the species B. brachyurus.

Old World vulture
Old World vultures are vultures that are found in the Old World, i.e. the continents of Europe, Asia and Africa, and which belong to the family Accipitridae, which also includes eagles, buzzards, kites, and hawks.
The Distant Land
The Distant Land (German: Das weite Land) is a 1987 Austrian-German drama film that was adapted from the play by Arthur Schnitzler and directed by Luc Bondy. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1987 Cannes Film Festival. The film was selected as the Austrian entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 61st Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee.

1987 Cannes Film Festival
The 40th Cannes Film Festival took place from 7 to 19 May 1987. French-Italian actor Yves Montand served as jury president for the main competition.

French filmmaker Maurice Pialat won the Palme d'Or, the festival's top prize, for the drama film Under the Sun of Satan, a choice which critics considered "highly controversial" and the prize was given under the jeers of the public. Pialat is quoted to have retorted "You don't like me? Well, let me tell you that I don't like you either!"

The festival opened with A Man in Love by Diane Kurys, and closed with Aria by Robert Altman, Bruce Beresford, Bill Bryden, Jean-Luc Godard, Derek Jarman, Franc Roddam, Nicolas Roeg, Ken Russell, Charles Sturridge and Julien Temple.
Manambaho River
Manambaho is a river in Melaky & Bongolava in western Madagascar.

It flows down from central Madagascar into the Mozambique Channel and the Indian Ocean.
Its springs are near Tsiroanomandidy (Bongolava), it passes near Morafenobe and it empties south of Tambohorano and north of Maintirano.

Mozambique Channel
The Mozambique Channel (French: Canal du Mozambique, Malagasy: Lakandranon'i Mozambika, Portuguese: Canal de Moçambique) is an arm of the Indian Ocean located between the Southeast African countries of Madagascar and Mozambique. The channel is about 1,700 km (900 nmi; 1,100 mi) long and 419 km (226 nmi; 260 mi) across at its narrowest point, and reaches a depth of 3,292 m (10,801 ft) about 230 km (124 nmi; 143 mi) off the coast of Mozambique. A warm current, the Mozambique Current, flows in a southward direction in the channel, leading into the Agulhas Current off the east coast of Southern Africa.
Marsyangdi Rural Municipality
Marsyandi Rural Municipality  is one of eight municipalities in Lamjung District, Nepal. It has 9 wards and, according to the 2011 census, a population of 18,759 people. The municipality is 597.25 km2 (230.60 sq mi) in area, and its administrative center is in the office of the previous Bhulbhule V.D.C. Gorkha District and Dordi Rural Municipality are to the east, Kwhlosothar Rural Municipality and Kaski District are to the west, Manang District, Kaski District and Gorkha District are in the north, and Besisahar Municipality, Dordi Rural Municipality and Kwhlosothar Rural Municipality are to the south of Marsyandi Rural Municipality. Previous portions of Ghanpokhara V.D.C. (all wards), Khudi V.D.C. (all wards), Taghring V.D.C. (all wards), Ghermu V.D.C. (all wards), Bahundanda V.D.C (all wards), Bhulbhule V.D.C (all wards) and  Simpani V.D.C.(all wards) are included in this newly made rural municipality.

Bahunidanda
Bahunidanda is a town (previously a village development committee) in Halesi Tuwachung municipal area in Khotang District of Province No. 1 of eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2,365 persons living in 401 individual households.

Bahunidanda was incorporated with Halesi Tuwachung in 2017 when the government of Nepal decided to restructure to the old local level body.
Nancy Farley Wood
Nancy Farley "Nan" Wood (12 July 1903 – 19 March 2003) was a physicist and businesswoman who was a member of the Manhattan Project. She was the only daughter of Daniel Lee Farley and Minerva Jane Ross, and a lifelong feminist and proponent of the Women's liberation movement as a founding member of the Chicago National Organization for Women. As a business owner, she designed, developed and manufactured her own line of ionizing radiation detectors. During World War II, Wood taught calculus to U.S. Navy sailors in Chicago. Later, during World War II, she was recruited to the Manhattan Project, where she designed and developed ionizing radiation detectors with John Alexander Simpson in the instrument division at the University of Chicago Metallurgical Laboratory or Met Lab. In 1949, Wood founded the N. Wood Counter Laboratory.

CORONA (satellite)
The CORONA program was a series of American strategic reconnaissance satellites produced and operated by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) Directorate of Science and Technology with substantial assistance from the U.S. Air Force. The CORONA satellites were used for photographic surveillance of the Soviet Union (USSR), China, and other areas beginning in June 1959 and ending in May 1972.
San Isabel Solar Energy Center
The San Isabel Solar Energy Center is a 30 megawatt (MWAC) photovoltaic power station in Las Animas County, Colorado located about 20 miles north of the city of Trinidad.   The electricity is being sold to Tri-State Generation and Transmission (aka Tri-State) under a 25-year power purchase agreement.  It is the second solar project,  following the Cimarron Solar Facility in year 2010, to be added to the utility cooperative's renewables portfolio.

Las Animas County, Colorado
Not to be confused with the City of Las Animas, Colorado

Las Animas County is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 census, the population was 14,555. The county seat is Trinidad. The county takes its name from the Mexican Spanish name of the Purgatoire River, originally called El Río de las Ánimas Perdidas en el Purgatorio, which means "River of the Lost Souls in Purgatory."
KCON (music festival)
KCON is an annual convention held in locations across the world, created by Koreaboo and organized by CJ ENM Entertainment Division. It was first held in Southern California in 2012 and has since expanded to ten countries as of 2022.

In 2015, KCON expanded to Japan and then quickly announced the first KCON USA on the East Coast. In 2016, KCON expanded into Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates and Paris, France. In January 2017, KCON announced that they would be hosting their first KCON Mexico at the Mexico City Arena on March 17 and 18, 2017.

An online replacement of KCON due to the COVID-19 pandemic, titled KCON:TACT, started on June 20 until June 26, 2020 via YouTube, AIS Play, and Shopee. The second season started on October 16, 2020 and ended on October 25, 2020. The third and final season started March 20, 2021.

Shopee
Shopee Pte. Ltd., trading as Shopee, is a Singaporean multinational technology company that specialises in e-commerce and operates mainly in Southeast Asia.

As of 2023, Shopee is recognized as the largest e-commerce platform in Southeast Asia, with a total gross merchandise volume (GMV) of $47.9 billion. This figure represents nearly half of the total GMV of  Southeast Asian market. The platform also facilitates online buying and selling for consumers and sellers in East Asia and Latin America.
Florida's 10th House of Representatives district
Florida's 10th House district elects one member of the Florida House of Representatives. The district is represented by Chuck Brannan. This district is located in North Central Florida, and encompasses part of the inland First Coast, as well as small parts of the Gainesville metropolitan area and the Jacksonville metropolitan area. The district covers all of Baker County, Columbia County, Hamilton County, Suwannee County, and part of northern Alachua County. The largest city in the district is Lake City. As of the 2010 census, the district's population is 156,423.

This district contains Florida Gateway College, located in Lake City. The district also contains a small military presence at Lake City Gateway Airport.

Chuck Brannan
Robert Charles "Chuck" Brannan III is a Republican member of the Florida Legislature representing the state's 10th House district, which includes Baker, Columbia, Hamilton, and Suwannee counties and part of Alachua County.
R. Radhakrishnan (literary critic)
Rajagopalan Radhakrishnan (commonly known as R. Radhakrishnan, born 1949) is Distinguished Professor of English and Comparative Literature at the University of California, Irvine, in California, United States. He is a postcolonial theorist and literary critic.

Radhakrishnan earned his PhD in 1983 from Binghamton University. He moved to UC Irvine from the University of Massachusetts Amherst in the 2004–2005 academic year.

Radhakrishnan is the 2020 winner of the Distinguished Achievement Award for Outstanding Scholarship of the South Asian Literary Association.

Postcolonialism
Postcolonialism is the academic study of the cultural, political and economic consequences of colonialism and imperialism, focusing on the impact of human control and exploitation of colonized people and their lands. The field started to emerge in the 1960s, as scholars from previously colonized countries began publishing on the lingering effects of colonialism, developing an analysis of the history, culture, literature, and discourse of imperial power. It is part of the critical theory framework in broader sense, and more narrowly, critical race theory.
Aggiramudu
Aggiramudu is a 1990 Telugu-language film directed by S. S. Ravichandra and produced by M. Krishna and Shekar under the Sri Raghavendra Pictures banner. Venkatesh is in a dual role, Gautami and Amala played the lead roles. Music was composed by Chakravarthy.

Gautami
Gautami Tadimalla (born 2 July 1968) is an Indian actress, social worker, politician and Deputy Propaganda Secretary of All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam. She has worked mainly in Tamil and Telugu cinema, in addition to Malayalam, Hindi, and Kannada films. She was one of the leading South Indian actresses from 1987 to 1998. She is also a television actress, television host, the founder of Life Again Foundation and a costume designer in films.
Townsend Entertainment
Townsend Entertainment (also known as The Townsend Entertainment Company and officially, Townsend Entertainment Corporation) is an American entertainment company, involved primarily in the production of films and television programs. Townsend Entertainment was founded by actor, producer, director and writer Robert Townsend. Its headquarters are located in Beverly Hills, California.

The Parent 'Hood
The Parent 'Hood is an American sitcom television series that aired on The WB from January 18, 1995, to July 25, 1999. The series starred Robert Townsend and Suzzanne Douglas. Originally to be titled Father Knows Nothing (a parody of the title of the 1950s sitcom Father Knows Best), the series was one of the four sitcoms that aired as part of the original two-hour Wednesday night lineup that helped launch The WB (along with The Wayans Bros., Unhappily Ever After, and the short-lived Muscle).

From November 2021 to 2023, The Parent 'Hood streamed several episodes on HBO Max.
James Williamson (musician)
James Robert Williamson (born October 29, 1949) is an American guitarist, songwriter, record producer and electronics engineer. He was a member of the proto-punk rock band the Stooges, notably on the album Raw Power and in the reformed Stooges from 2009 to 2016. Between his stints in music, Williamson worked in Silicon Valley developing computer chips. Most recently he has continued as a solo artist.

Proto-punk
Proto-punk (or protopunk) is music that foreshadowed the punk rock genre, particularly rock music artists during the 1960s and early-to mid 1970s. A retrospective label, the musicians involved were generally not originally associated with each other and came from a variety of backgrounds and styles; together, they anticipated many of punk's musical and thematic attributes.

The tendency towards aggressive, raw, simplistic rock songs is a trend rooted in the earliest forms of rock and roll. The American garage rock movement of the mid-1960s is a key influence in the development of punk rock. By the late 1960s, Detroit bands the Stooges and MC5 had taken the influence of garage groups to form a distinct prototypical punk sound. In the following years, this sound spread both domestically and internationally,  alongside glam rock and pub rock, into several regional early underground punk scenes in New York, Ohio, Australia and England.
Jens Petter Stang
Jens Petter Stang (born 28 November 1977) is a retired Norwegian football player.

Stang began his career in the youth system of Lyn and made his senior debut in June 1997. He spent one season in Eliteserien and one in 1. divisjon before moving to Trondheim to pursue higher education, during which he played for Byåsen on the second tier.

In the 1999 1. divisjon, Byåsen was deducted points for financial irregularities and remained in the relegation zone throughout the season. In the final match of the season  against Skjetten SK, Stang scored a decisive extra-time goal, securing a victory that allowed Byåsen to avoid relegation at the expense of FK Lofoten.

In 2004 he appeared for St. Hanshaugen IF. He later continued playing as a veteran's football player for Oppegård IL.

Norwegian First Division
The Norwegian First Division, also called 1. divisjon (Norwegian: første divisjon) and OBOS-ligaen (due to  sponsoring ties with OBOS), is the second-highest level of the Norwegian football league system. Each year, the top finishing teams in the 1. divisjon are promoted to the Eliteserien, and the lowest finishing teams are relegated to 2. divisjon.

1. divisjon was previously known as 2. divisjon (1963–1990) and replaced regional league Landsdelsserien (1951–1962) after the latter was dissolved after the 1961–62 season. The second tier was also prior to Landsdelsserien known as 1. divisjon (1948–1951). Formally, it was a semi-professional league. The tier has been restructured many times and consists of 16 teams at present.
Moulton, Suffolk
Moulton is a village and civil parish in the West Suffolk district of Suffolk in eastern England, located close to the town of Newmarket. It pre-dates the 1086 Domesday Book and, in 2005, it was estimated to have a population of 1090. 1,033 people were recorded at the 2011 census.

The village is older than the now larger town of Newmarket and includes a 15th-century packhorse bridge spanning the River Kennett. This is one of two such bridges in Suffolk, with the other being located in the neighbouring village Kentford. The bridge is a grade II* listed structure

Moulton also has a fine church, St. Peter's, with an early 14th-century tower topped by a gilded weather vane in the shape of a large pike by blacksmith Charles Poulter. Restored in 1851, it is a grade I listed building.

Weather vane
A wind vane, weather vane, or weathercock is a type of anemoscope used for showing the direction of the wind. It is typically used as an architectural ornament to the highest point of a building. The word vane comes from the Old English word fana, meaning "flag".

Although partly functional, wind vanes are generally decorative, often featuring the traditional cockerel design with letters indicating the points of the compass. Other common motifs include ships, arrows, and horses. Not all wind vanes have pointers. In a sufficiently strong wind, the head of the arrow or cockerel (or equivalent) will indicate the direction from which the wind is blowing.

Wind vanes are also found on small wind turbines to keep the wind turbine pointing into the wind. If employed on a boat, they are referred to as apparent wind indicators.