hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Daniel Stewart (Australian footballer)
Daniel Stewart (born 30 October 1988) is a former Australian rules football player for the Port Adelaide Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL).

Stewart played junior representative football for the Eastern Ranges before moving to AFL Queensland (AFLQ) side Labrador and then to North Adelaide Football Club in the South Australian Football League (SANFL) in 2008. He was drafted by Port Adelaide in the 2009 Rookie draft with the 35th selection and spent the 2009 season playing for North Adelaide before his promotion to Port's senior list at the end of the 2009 season.

After performing well in the 2010 NAB Cup, Stewart made his AFL debut in Round 4 of the 2010 AFL season. Stewart played in 11 games in 2010 and kicking 12 goals in total, which included a career best of 4 goals in the Power's round 22 match against Richmond.

Stewart was delisted from the Power at the end of the 2013 season after making only one appearance for the year.

2008 AFL draft
The 2008 AFL draft consisted of four opportunities for player acquisitions during the 2008/09 Australian Football League off-season. These were trade week (held between 6 October and 10 October), the national draft (held on 29 November), the pre-season draft (16 December) and the rookie draft (16 December). It was considered to be the last uncompromised draft before the draft concessions given to the Gold Coast and Greater Western Sydney expansion teams restrict the existing AFL clubs' access to the best young players in the future years drafts.
Brusyliv Raion
Brusyliv Raion (Ukrainian: Брусилівський район, romanized: Brusylivs'kyj rajon) was a raion (district) in the eastern part of Zhytomyr Oblast of northern Ukraine.
Its administrative center was the urban-type settlement of Brusyliv, and it additionally consisted of 36 villages. The territory was 625 square kilometres (241 sq mi). The raion was abolished on 19 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Zhytomyr Oblast to four. The area of Brusyliv Raion was merged into Zhytomyr Raion. The last estimate of the raion population was 14,539 (2020 est.)

Brusyliv, Zhytomyr Oblast
Brusyliv (Ukrainian: Брусилів; Russian: Брусилов, Brusilov) is a rural settlement in Zhytomyr Raion, in the eastern part of Zhytomyr Oblast in northern Ukraine. Brusyliv is the center of the Brusyliv settlement hromada, being situated on the river Zdvyzh. It had the status of an urban-type settlement since 1979 until 2024, when the status was abolished. Population: 4,627 (2022 estimate).
Kelden Gyatso
Kelden Gyatso (Kalden Gyatso, Kelden Repa, Tibetan: སྐལ་ལྡན་རྒྱ་མཚོ, Wylie: Skal ldan rgya mtsho) (1607-1677) was a 17th-century Tibetan poet, scholar, and siddha. He was the first of the Rongwo Drubchen tulku lineage, and an important figure for Buddhism in Amdo, a region of north-eastern Tibet. The founder of a religious college and a seminary for tantric studies in Rebgong, throughout his life Kelden struggled between his desire to become a recluse hermit and his responsibility to these institutions. While he was ordained and taught in the Gelug school, he had a special affinity for Milarepa, the legendary Tibetan poet of the Kagyu school.
The information that survives about Kelden comes from a biography by Jangchup Mila Ngawang Sönam (1636-1716), and from his poetry and songs, both written down and performed today by monks in Amdo.

5th Dalai Lama
The 5th Dalai Lama, Ngawang Lobsang Gyatso (Tibetan: ངག་དབང་བློ་བཟང་རྒྱ་མཚོ་, Wylie: Ngag-dbang blo-bzang rgya-mtsho) (1617–1682) was recognized as the 5th Dalai Lama, and he became the first Dalai Lama to hold both Tibet's political and spiritual leadership roles.

He is often referred to simply as the Great Fifth, being the key religious and temporal leader of Tibetan Buddhism and Tibet. He is credited with unifying all of Tibet under the Ganden Phodrang, after Gushri Khan's successful military interventions.

As an independent head of state, he established priest and patron relations with both Mongolia and the Qing dynasty simultaneously, and had positive relations with other neighboring countries.

He began the custom of meeting early European explorers.

The 5th Dalai Lama built the Potala Palace, and also wrote 24 volumes' worth of scholarly and religious works on a wide range of subjects.
AtScript
AtScript was a proposed JavaScript-based scripting language extending Microsoft's TypeScript and transcompiling to JavaScript. It was introduced in October 2014 at the ng-Europe conference by the developers of Google's AngularJS web development framework as the language that the upcoming Angular 2.0 would be built with.

AtScript was originally intended to run on top of TypeScript, while including some features from Dart. In October 2014, Google announced that Angular 2.0 would be written in AtScript. In March 2015, Microsoft announced that many of AtScript's features would be implemented in the TypeScript 1.5 release, and that Angular 2.0 would be built on pure TypeScript.

The name “AtScript” comes from the @ “at” symbol used for annotations in many languages (e.g. Java annotations and Python decorators).

At sign
The at sign (@) is a typographical symbol used as an accounting and invoice abbreviation meaning "at a rate of" (e.g. 7 widgets @ £2 per widget = £14), and now seen more widely in email addresses and social media platform handles. In English, it is normally read aloud as "at", and is also commonly called the at symbol, commercial at (commat), or address sign. Most languages have their own name for the symbol.

Although not included on the keyboard layout of the earliest commercially successful typewriters, it was on at least one 1889 model and the very successful Underwood models from the "Underwood No. 5" in 1900 onward. It started to be used in email addresses in the 1970s, and is now routinely included on most types of computer keyboards.
Gianluca Gregori
Gianluca Gregori is professor of physics within the Department of Physics, University of Oxford, and fellow and tutor in physics at Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford.

His awards include the Daiwa Adrian Prize in 2007, the Edouard Fabre prize in 2014, and the John Dawson Award for Excellence in Plasma Physics Research of the American Physical Society in both 2019 and 2020.

Daiwa Adrian Prize
This Daiwa Adrian Prize is an award given by The Daiwa Anglo-Japanese Foundation, a UK charity, to scientists who have made significant achievements in science through Anglo-Japanese collaborative research. Prizes are awarded every third year and applications are handled by the foundation with an assessment conducted by a panel of Fellows of The Royal Society.

The prize was initiated 1992 by Lord Adrian (2nd Baron Adrian), a former Trustee of the Foundation. The physiologist Richard Adrian was Master of Pembroke College, Vice-Chancellor of the University of Cambridge and the only son of the Nobel laureate Edgar Adrian (1st Baron Adrian).
Zinc triflate
Zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate or zinc triflate is the zinc salt of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid. It is commonly used as a Lewis acid catalyst, e.g. in silylations.

A white powder, zinc triflate is commercially available, though some workers have experienced inconsistent results with zinc triflate from different sources. If desired, it may be prepared from reacting trifluoromethanesulfonic acid with zinc metal in acetonitrile, or with zinc carbonate in methanol:

Zn + 2 HOTf → Zn(OTf)2 + H2

ZnCO3 + 2 HOTf → Zn(OTf)2 + H2O + CO2 (OTf = CF3SO3)

Acetonitrile
Acetonitrile, often abbreviated MeCN (methyl cyanide), is the chemical compound with the formula CH3CN and structure H3C−C≡N. This colourless liquid is the simplest organic nitrile (hydrogen cyanide is a simpler nitrile, but the cyanide anion is not classed as organic). It is produced mainly as a byproduct of acrylonitrile manufacture. It is used as a polar aprotic solvent in organic synthesis and in the purification of butadiene. The N≡C−C skeleton is linear with a short C≡N distance of 1.16 Å.

Acetonitrile was first prepared in 1847 by the French chemist Jean-Baptiste Dumas.
Wilfred Brimblecombe
Wilfred John Brimblecombe, CBE (6 February 1898 – 14 September 1973) was an Australian politician. Born in Laidley, Queensland, he was educated at Ipswich Grammar School and then Queensland Agricultural College. He was a farmer, and served in the military 1915–1919, after which he was a councillor on Wambo Shire Council. In 1951, he was elected to the Australian House of Representatives as the Country Party member for Maranoa, defeating the sitting member, Charles Russell, who had been expelled from the Country Party for supporting the appreciation of the pound. He held the seat until his retirement in 1966. Brimblecombe died in 1973.

Currency appreciation and depreciation
Currency depreciation is the loss of value of a country's currency with respect to one or more foreign reference currencies, typically in a floating exchange rate system in which no official currency value is maintained. Currency appreciation in the same context is an increase in the value of the currency. Short-term changes in the value of a currency are reflected in changes in the exchange rate.

There is no optimal value for a currency. High and low values have tradeoffs, along with distributional consequences for different groups.
MCC University matches in 2005
The MCC University matches in 2005 are games played between the University Centre of Cricketing Excellence ("UCCEs") and first-class opposition. This is the first year the games are called "MCC" University matches, after the MCC announced a funding plan to support the development of student cricket.

There are six UCCEs, four of which have first-class status: Oxford UCCE, Cambridge UCCE, Durham UCCE and Loughborough UCCE. These are joined by two non-first-class university teams: Cardiff/Glamorgan UCCE and Leeds/Bradford UCCE.

Declaration and forfeiture
In the sport of cricket, a declaration occurs when a captain declares their team's innings closed and a forfeiture occurs when a captain chooses to forfeit an innings without batting. Declaration and forfeiture are covered in Law 15 of the Laws of Cricket. This concept applies only to matches in which each team is scheduled to bat in two innings; Law 15 specifically does not apply in any form of limited overs cricket.
Endingen, Switzerland
Endingen (Swiss Standard German pronunciation: [ˈɛndɪŋən]; Swiss German: [ˈɛndɪgə]) is a municipality in the district of Zurzach in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

In the 18th and 19th century, Endingen was one of few villages in which Swiss Jews were permitted to settle. Old buildings in Endingen have two doors – one for Jews and one for Christians. Endigen's synagogue and Jewish cemetery are listed as a heritage site of national significance.  Unusually for Swiss villages, there is no Christian church.

On 1 January 2014 the former municipality of Unterendingen merged into the municipality of Endingen.

Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance
The Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance (German: Schweizerisches Inventar der Kulturgüter von nationaler und regionaler Bedeutung; French: Inventaire suisse des biens culturels d'importance nationale et régionale; Italian: Inventario dei beni culturali svizzeri d'importanza nazionale e regionale) is a register of cultural property in Switzerland. It was established according to article 5 of the second protocol to the Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict, which provides for the establishment of national registers of cultural property.
76th Flying Training Wing (U.S. Army Air Forces)
The 76th Flying Training Wing was a wing of the United States Army Air Forces.  It was assigned to the Army Air Forces Flying Training Command, and was stationed from 1943–46 at Smyrna Army Airfield, Tennessee.

There is no lineage link between the United States Air Force 76th Maintenance Wing, established on 5 February 1942 as the 76th Observation Group at MacDill Field, Florida and the 76th FTW of the Second World War.

Air Education and Training Command
The Air Education and Training Command (AETC) is one of the nine Major Commands (MAJCOM) of the United States Air Force (USAF), reporting to Headquarters, United States Air Force. It was established 1 July 1993, with the realignment of Air Training Command and Air University.

AETC is headquartered at Randolph Air Force Base, Joint Base San Antonio, Texas. AETC is the primary training and professional education command in the Air Force.

More than 48,000 active duty and Air Reserve Component members and 14,000 civilian personnel make up AETC. The command has responsibility for approximately 1,600 aircraft.

AETC's mission is to "recruit, train and educate Airmen to deliver air power for America."
Margaritis Kastellis
Margaritis Kastellis (Castellis) (Greek: Μαργαρίτης Καστέλλης) (1907–1972
) was a Greek composer and army officer known for his work in military music. His arrangement and adaptation of the Hymn to Liberty for military band is still played Greece today. He was  born in Chrysoupoli (a city in northern Greece) and died in Athens.

Martial music
Martial music or military music is a specific genre of music intended for use in military settings performed by professional soldiers called field musicians. Much of the military music has been composed to announce military events as with bugle calls and fanfares, or accompany marching formations with drum cadences, or mark special occasions as by military bands. However, music has been employed in battle for centuries, sometimes to intimidate the enemy and other times to encourage combatants, or to assist in organization and timing of actions in warfare. Depending on the culture, a variety of percussion and musical instruments have been used, such as drums, fifes, bugles, trumpets or other horns, bagpipes, triangles, cymbals, as well as larger military bands or full orchestras. Although some martial music has been composed in written form, other music has been developed or taught by ear, such as bugle calls or drum cadences, relying on group memory to coordinate the sounds.
The Snows of Kilimanjaro (2011 film)
The Snows of Kilimanjaro (French: Les Neiges du Kilimandjaro) is a 2011 French drama film directed by Robert Guédiguian. It premiered in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2011 Cannes Film Festival. It won the audience award and the Silver Spike at the Valladolid International Film Festival.

Ariane Ascaride
Ariane Ascaride (born 10 October 1954) is a French actress and screenwriter. She has appeared in films such as Marius et Jeannette (Marius and Jeannette), Ma vraie vie à Rouen (The True Story of My Life in Rouen; USA, My Life on Ice) and À la place du coeur (Where the Heart Is). She also starred in and co-wrote the screenplay for Le Voyage en Arménie (Armenia).
Ste. Rose (electoral district)
Ste. Rose was a provincial electoral district of Manitoba, Canada. It was created by redistribution in 1914, and existed until 2011.

Ste. Rose was located in the southwestern section of the province. It was bordered to the north by Swan River, to the west by Russell, Dauphin-Roblin, and Minnedosa, to the south by Turtle Mountain and to the east by Lake Manitoba.

Communities in the riding included Gladstone, Neepawa, McCreary, Ste. Rose, Ste. Rose du Lac and Westbourne.

Westbourne, Manitoba
Westbourne, Manitoba is an unincorporated community northwest of Portage la Prairie, Manitoba, Canada on the Yellowhead Highway. It is part of the Municipality of WestLake – Gladstone. The post office was opened in 1871 as White Mud River and became Westbourne in 1873.
Nikolai Krogius
Nikolai Vladimirovich Krogius (Russian: Николай Владимирович Крогиус; 22 July 1930 – 14 July 2022) was a Russian chess grandmaster, International Arbiter (1985), psychologist, chess coach, chess administrator, and author. He won several tournament titles at Sochi and in Eastern European events, and appeared in seven Soviet finals from 1958–71. His peak was in 1967 when he ranked 18th in the world for a time. He earned his doctorate in psychology, and specialized in sports psychology. He coached World Champion Boris Spassky for several years, also served as chairman of the USSR Chess Federation, and co-authored five chess books. He was the co-winner of the 1993 World Senior Chess Championship.

USSR Chess Federation
The USSR Chess Federation (Russian: Шахматная федерация СССР, Shakhmatnaya fyedyeratsiya SSSR) was the national organization for chess in the USSR. It was founded in 1924 and its headquarters were in Moscow. It was affiliated with the World Chess Federation. The USSR Chess Federation organized a USSR Chess Championship and published a newspaper called Шахматы в СССР (Chess in the USSR).
George Sperling House and Outbuildings
George Sperling House and Outbuildings is a historic home and farm located near Shelby, Cleveland County, North Carolina.  The house was built in 1927, and is a two-story, Classical Revival style yellow brick dwelling.  The contributing outbuildings were built between about 1909 and 1920 and include: a two-story, gambrel roof mule barn with German siding; corn crib; hog pen; wood house; two-story granary; smokehouse; generator house; and a tack house.  Also on the property is the barn, built in 1927.

This historic site was renovated and is currently the offices for the legal team of Teddy, Meekins, & Talbert.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.

Granary
A granary, also known as a grain house and historically as a granarium in Latin, is a post-harvest storage building primarily for grains or seeds. Granaries are typically built above the ground to prevent spoilage and protect the stored grains or seeds from rodents, pests, floods, and adverse weather conditions. They also assist in drying the grains to prevent mold growth. Modern granaries may incorporate advanced ventilation and temperature control systems to preserve the quality of the stored grains.
Castilleja salsuginosa
Castilleja salsuginosa is a species of flowering plant in the family Orobanchaceae known by the common name Monte Neva Indian paintbrush. It is endemic to Nevada in the United States, where it is known from two populations, one in White Pine County and another in Eureka County. The two occurrences of this plant are located about 83 miles (134 km) apart within the Great Basin. There are only about 275 individuals.

This plant grows in two locations in Nevada's alkaline meadows. It grows around hot springs on salty, wet soils. The local elevation is about 6,000 feet (1,830 m). Other plants in the habitat may include Sarcobatus vermiculatus, Chrysothamnus nauseosus, and Sporobolus airoides.

Sarcobatus
Sarcobatus is a North American genus of two species of flowering plants, formerly considered to be a single species. Common names for S. vermiculatus include greasewood, seepwood, and saltbush. Traditionally, Sarcobatus has been treated in the family Chenopodiaceae, but the APG III system of 2009 recognizes it as the sole genus in the family Sarcobataceae.
Hero Cruz
Hero Cruz is a fictional character in comic books published by DC Comics. Within the narrative of the fictional DC Universe, Hero is a portrayal of a Latino gay superhero of African descent. He first appeared in Superboy and the Ravers (September 1996) and was created by Karl Kesel and Steve Mattsson.

According to Richard T. Rodríguez in Graphic Borders, Hero is an updated take on the concept of a gay superhero: "Unlike the earlier, effeminate characterization of Extraño nine years before, Hero Cruz was fashioned as a character who was unmistakably masculine and who didn't wear his homosexuality on his sleeve".

Karl Kesel
Karl Kesel (/ˈkiːsəl/; born January 7, 1959) is an American comics writer and inker whose works have primarily been under contract for DC Comics. He is a member of Periscope Studio and is known for his collaborations with fellow artist Tom Grummett on The Adventures of Superman, Superboy, and Section Zero, as well as the first Harley Quinn comic title.
Yahiko Velodrome
Yahiko Velodrome (弥彦競輪場, Yahiko Keirinjyō) is a velodrome located in Yahiko, Niigata that conducts pari-mutuel Keirin racing - one of Japan's four authorized "Public Sports" (公営競技, kōei kyōgi) where gambling is permitted. Its Keirin identification number for betting purposes is 21# (21 sharp).

Yahiko's oval is 400 meters in circumference. A typical keirin race of 2,025 meters consists of five laps around the course.

Because of its location in Niigata Prefecture near the Sea of Japan, races at Yahiko Velodrome are held during warm weather months, from April to November.

Gambling in Japan
In Japan, most forms of gambling are generally banned by the Criminal Code chapter 23. However, there are several exceptions, including betting on horse racing and certain motor sports.

Public sports, lottery, and toto (football pools) are held under special laws in order to increase the income of national and local governments as well as to offer a form of entertainment.

Since 2018, casino operators have been bidding for three legal licenses to operate an integrated casino resort in Japan, including in Osaka, Tokyo, and Yokohama. The Japanese government established the Casino Administration Committee in 2020 to supervise and manage Japan's resort operators.
Virginia Paul Holm
Virginia Paul Holm Bye (March 14, 1902 – October 1968) was a Minnesota politician, a member of the Republican Party, and the first woman to serve as Secretary of State of Minnesota.

Holm was appointed to the position in 1952 by Gov. Elmer Anderson. She succeeded H.H. Chesterman, who had himself previously been appointed to fill the vacancy left by the death of Holm's husband, former Secretary of State Mike Holm.

Holm won election in her own right in November 1952, but lost her bid for re-election in 1954. Her name on the ballot was Mrs. Mike Holm.

C. Elmer Anderson
Clyde Elmer Anderson (March 16, 1912 – January 22, 1998) was an American politician who served as the 28th governor of Minnesota from September 27, 1951 to January 5, 1955. Anderson also served as the lieutenant governor of Minnesota from 1939 to 1943 and again from 1945 to 1951.
Augment (Indo-European)
The augment is an Indo-European verbal prefix used in Indo-Iranian, Greek, Phrygian, Armenian, and Albanian, to indicate past time. The augment might be either a Proto-Indo-European archaic feature lost elsewhere or a common innovation in those languages. In the oldest attested daughter languages, such as Vedic Sanskrit and early Greek, it is used optionally. The same verb forms when used without the augment are referred to as injunctive forms (because of one of their attested senses).

The augment originally appears to have been a separate word, with the potential meaning of 'there, then', which in time got fused to the verb. The augment is *h₁é- in PIE (é- in Greek, á- in Sanskrit) and always bears the accent.

Proto-Armenian language
Proto-Armenian is the earlier, unattested stage of the Armenian language which has been reconstructed by linguists. As Armenian is the only known language of its branch of the Indo-European languages, the comparative method cannot be used to reconstruct its earlier stages. Instead, a combination of internal and external reconstruction, by reconstructions of Proto-Indo-European and other branches, has allowed linguists to piece together the earlier history of Armenian.