hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Leonard Courtney, 1st Baron Courtney of Penwith
Leonard Henry Courtney, 1st Baron Courtney of Penwith PC (6 July 1832 – 11 May 1918) was a radical British politician, and an academic, who became famous after being advocate of proportional representation in Parliament and acting as an opponent of imperialism and militarism.

He was a member of William Ewart Gladstone's second administration from 1880 to 1883 and served as Chairman of Ways and Means (Deputy Speaker of the House of Commons) between 1886 and 1893. He was the first and the last Baron Courtney of Penwith.

Second Gladstone ministry
After campaigning against the foreign policy of the Beaconsfield ministry, William Ewart Gladstone led the Liberal Party to victory in the 1880 general election. The nominal leader of the Party, Spencer Cavendish, Marquess of Hartington, resigned in Gladstone's favour and Gladstone was appointed Prime Minister of the United Kingdom for a second time by Queen Victoria. He pursued a policy of parliamentary reform, but his government became wildly unpopular after the death of General Gordon in 1885. Gladstone was held responsible, and resigned, leaving the way free for the Conservatives under Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury to form a government.
Old Moshi
Old Moshi or Kingdom of Moshi also spelled Moschi or Mochi also sometimes referred to as Old Moshi (Isarile la Mochi in Kimochi), (Ufalme wa Moshi in Swahili) was a former sovereign Chagga state located north of modern-day city of Moshi and the surrounding area in Moshi Rural District of Kilimanjaro Region in Tanzania. Old Moshi was situated on Mount Kilimanjaro to the west of the Msaranga River to the Nanga River to the east. Kimochi, one of seven dialects of the Chagga language groups' Central Kilimanjaro language, is still considered the prestige language of the Chagga. One of the most tragic incidents in Chagga history took place in the kingdom in 1900 known as The Great Hanging at Old Moshi.

West Kilimanjaro language
West Kilimanjaro, or West Chaga, is a Bantu language of Tanzania spoken by the Chaga people.

There are several dialects:

Rwa (Rwo, Meru, Kirwo), or Meru, from Mount Meru

Mashami (Kimashame), or "Hai" (Kihai)

Siha

Kiwoso (Kibosho including Kindi, Kombo, Mweka)

Masama

Ng’uni
Do What You Do (Drake song)
"Do What You Do" is the debut single by Canadian rapper Drake. Self-released by All Things Fresh (the predecessor to OVO Sound) on December 7, 2005, the song served as lead single for his debut mixtape, Room for Improvement (2006). The song also appears as the fifth track on The N's official soundtrack (2006) album.

Room for Improvement (mixtape)
Room for Improvement is the debut mixtape by Canadian rapper Drake. It was self-released on February 14, 2006, by All Things Fresh. Issued as a retail project, it sold 6,000 copies by  the end of that year. It features contributions from Toronto natives Slakah the Beatchild, Frank Dukes, and Boi-1da; as well as American singer Trey Songz and American rapper Nickelus F.
Lesley Page
Professor Lesley Ann Page CBE, MSc, BA, RM, RMT (born 1944) is a British midwife and academic, and was President of the Royal College of Midwives.

Page qualified in midwifery at the Simpson Memorial Maternity Pavilion, Edinburgh, in 1966.

From 1994 to 2000 she was the Queen Charlotte's Professor of Midwifery Practice, joint at Thames Valley University and Queen Charlotte's and Hammersmith Hospitals.

From 1994 to 1998 held the post of visiting professor at the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, the Royal Postgraduate Medical School, University of London. She has also been a visiting professor at the University of Sydney and University of Technology Sydney, and a clinical professor at the University of British Columbia.

She was elected President of the Royal College of Midwives in 2012.

She was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 2014 Birthday Honours, "For services to Midwifery".

Hammersmith Hospital
Hammersmith Hospital, formerly the Military Orthopaedic Hospital, and later the Special Surgical Hospital, is a major teaching hospital in White City, West London. It is part of Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust in the London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham, and is associated with the Imperial College Faculty of Medicine. Confusingly the hospital is not in Hammersmith but is located in White City adjacent to Wormwood Scrubs and East Acton.
Raul Fernández Arrizabalaga
Raul Fernandez Arrizabalaga (born 13 January 1972 in Luarca) is a cyclist and judo athlete from Spain.  He is blind and is a B2 type athlete.  He competed at the 1996 Summer Paralympics in cycling. He competed at the 2004 Summer Paralympics in judo. He finished third in the Up to 90 kg Open group.

1996 Summer Paralympics
The 1996 Summer Paralympic in Atlanta, Georgia, United States, were held from August 15 to 25. It was the first Paralympics to get mass media sponsorship, and had a budget of USD $81 million.

It was the first Paralympic Games where International Sports Federation for Persons with an Intellectual Disability athletes were given full medal status.
Catherine Lough Haggquist
Catherine Lough Haggquist (née Lough) is a Canadian actress, producer and entrepreneur. She has over 125 acting credits on film and television, including three seasons as Inspector Nora Harris on the sci-fi television series Continuum and recurring roles in Iron Man: Armored Adventures, Supernatural and Motherland: Fort Salem.

Continuum (TV series)
Continuum is a Canadian science fiction television series created by Simon Barry that premiered on Showcase on May 27, 2012, and ran for four seasons. It was produced by Reunion Pictures, Boy Meets Girl Film Company, and Shaw Media.
The plot centres around the conflict between a group of terrorists from the year 2077 who time travel to Vancouver, British Columbia, in 2012 and a police officer who unintentionally accompanies them. In spite of being many years early, the terrorist group decides to continue its violent campaign to stop corporations of the future from replacing governments, while the police officer endeavours to stop them without revealing to everyone that she and the terrorists are from the future.
Cardiff Business School
Cardiff Business School (Welsh: Ysgol Fusnes Caerdydd) is the business school of Cardiff University in Cardiff, Wales. It was created in its current form in 1987 and opened by Queen Elizabeth II. Cardiff Business School currently serves 3,000 students a year, 700 of whom are postgraduate students. The school's research programme is Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) recognised and has 140 PhD students currently studying within the school. Its research informs organisations such as the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, the United Nations, HM Treasury, the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills and the Department for Communities and Local Government and working on consultation projects for blue-chip, global firms.

Some notable staff include Leighton Andrews, New Keynesian economist Huw Dixon, accounting historian John Richard Edwards and neoclassical economist Patrick Minford.

Patrick Minford
Anthony Patrick Leslie Minford CBE (born 17 May 1943) is a British macroeconomist who is professor of applied economics at Cardiff Business School, Cardiff University, a position he has held since 1997. He was Edward Gonner Professor of Applied Economics at the University of Liverpool from 1976 to 1997. In 2016, Minford was a notable member of the Economists for Brexit group which, in opposition to the consensus view of economists, advocated the UK leaving the European Union and claimed large economic benefits.
2013 Western Michigan Broncos football team
The 2013 Western Michigan Broncos football team represented Western Michigan University (WMU) in the 2013 NCAA Division I FBS football season. They were led by first-year head coach P. J. Fleck and played their home games at Waldo Stadium as a member of the West Division of the Mid-American Conference (MAC). In 2013, the Broncos finished at 1–11 (1–7 MAC), and last place in the MAC West division.

2013 UMass Minutemen football team
The 2013 UMass Minutemen football team represented the University of Massachusetts Amherst in the 2013 NCAA Division I FBS football season as a member of the East Division of the Mid-American Conference. The team was coached by Charley Molnar in his second year and played its home games at Gillette Stadium in Foxborough, Massachusetts.

The 2013 season marked the team's second season as a member of the MAC, and also marked the first season in which the Minutemen were eligible for the conference championship as well as post-season bowl play. For the second straight year the Minutemen finished the season with an overall record of 1–11 with a Conference record of 1–7 which placed them in 6th place in the MAC East Division. At the end of the season Tackle Anthony Dima, a senior, was honored as an All-MAC Third Team selection. Molnar was later fired on December 26 after a second consecutive 1–11 season. He was replaced by Mark Whipple.
Dieterich's disease
Dieterich's disease, also known as avascular necrosis of the metacarpal head, is an extremely rare condition characterized by temporary or permanent loss of blood supply to the metacarpal head of the metacarpal bone, resulting in loss of bone tissue. The five metacarpal bones are long bones located between the carpals of the wrist and phalanges of the fingers. Collectively, the metacarpals are referred to as the "metacarpus."

In the case of Dieterich's disease, some but not all metacarpal heads are affected. Onset of this disease can be attributed to steroid usage, systemic lupus erythematosus, or trauma. In some cases, it is randomly-occurring.

Dieterich's disease can be diagnosed through medical screening or blood testing. Physicians may also diagnose Dieterich's disease by taking a history of the patient's symptoms.

Some treatment options include medication, surgery, or therapy.

Carpal bones
The carpal bones are the eight small bones that make up the wrist (carpus) that connects the hand to the forearm. The terms "carpus" and "carpal" are derived from the Latin carpus and the Greek καρπός (karpós), meaning "wrist". In human anatomy, the main role of the carpal bones is to articulate with the radial and ulnar heads to form a highly mobile condyloid joint (i.e. wrist joint), to provide attachments for thenar and hypothenar muscles, and to form part of the rigid carpal tunnel which allows the median nerve and tendons of the anterior forearm muscles to be transmitted to the hand and fingers.

In tetrapods, the carpus is the sole cluster of bones in the wrist between the radius and ulna and the metacarpus. The bones of the carpus do not belong to individual fingers (or toes in quadrupeds), whereas those of the metacarpus do. The corresponding part of the foot is the tarsus. The carpal bones allow the wrist to move and rotate vertically.
Carolina Arregui
María Carolina Arregui Vuskovic (born August 26, 1965) is a Chilean television actress of Croatian and Basque descent. Although she never attended drama school, she is considered to be one of Chile's most popular and gifted actresses.

Basques
The Basques are a Southwestern European ethnic group, characterised by the Basque language, a common culture, shared genetic ancestry to the ancient Vascones and Aquitanians, and are considered among the last remaining direct descendants of Neolithic Europeans populations in Europe. Basques are indigenous to, and primarily inhabit, an area traditionally known as the Basque Country (Basque: Euskal Herria)—a region that is located around the western end of the Pyrenees on the coast of the Bay of Biscay and straddles parts of north-central Spain and south-western France.
I Know You Want Me (Calle Ocho)
"I Know You Want Me (Calle Ocho)" is a song by American rapper and singer Pitbull released as the second single from his fourth album, Pitbull Starring in Rebelution. The song samples "75, Brazil Street" by Nicola Fasano and Pat Rich, which itself samples the opening horns riff from "Street Player" by Chicago. The core is from a song by Dominican rappers El Cata and Omega. The title is a reference to Calle Ocho, a street in Miami's Little Havana neighborhood.

The song premiered on the Miami radio station WPOW. It has also been featured in Dance Central, the Xbox 360 Kinect-based dancing game, Dance Dance Revolution X2 for PlayStation 2, the PlayStation 3 PlayStation Move-based dancing game SingStar Dance, and in the pilot of Suburgatory. It received a nomination a Latin Rhythm Airplay Song of the Year at the 2010 Latin Billboard Music Awards.

Tamiami Trail
The Tamiami Trail (/ˈtæmiˌæmi/) is the southernmost 284 miles (457 km) of U.S. Highway 41 (US 41) from State Road 60 (SR 60) in Tampa to US 1 in Miami. A portion of the road is officially State Road 90 (SR 90), but not signposted as such.

The 163-mile (262 km) north–south section (unsignposted SR 45) extends to Naples, whereupon it becomes an east–west road (unsignposted SR 90) crossing the Everglades (and forming part of the northern border of Everglades National Park). It becomes Southwest 8th Street in Miami-Dade County, famously known as Calle Ocho through the Little Havana neighborhood of Miami (and site of the eponymous annual festival), before ending east of Miami Avenue as Southeast 8th Street at Brickell Avenue in Brickell, Downtown Miami.
Kankuamo people
The Kankuamo, Kankuaka, Kankui or Kankuané are an Indigenous people of Colombia, living on the southern slopes of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta up until the north of the César department (corregimientos: Atánquez, Guatapurí, Chemesquemena, Los Haticos, La Mina and Rio Seco). The Kankuamo people, estimated at 15,000 individuals, speak Sánha, a dialect of the Atanque language of the Chibcha family. Their laws are borne from nature and they consider the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, the highest mountain range closest to the sea, as sacred. In their native tongue they call this Umunukunu. Many Kankuamo, mostly merchants, do not speak their native language.

Los Haticos
Los Haticos is a village and corregimiento in the municipality of Valledupar within the Colombian Department of Cesar. The town lies on the steps of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta in the Colombian Caribbean region.
Mac's Imp
Mac's Imp (12 February 1988 – 1996) was an American-bred, British-trained Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. As a two-year-old in 1990 he was one of the most successful colts of his generation in Europe, winning six of his eight races including the Coventry Stakes, Richmond Stakes and Phoenix Stakes. He failed to reproduce his juvenile form in two starts as a three-year-old and was retired from racing to become a breeding stallion. He had modest success as a sire of winners but was gelded in 1995 and died a year later.

Richmond Stakes
The Richmond Stakes is a Group 2 flat horse race in Great Britain open to two-year-old colts and geldings. It is run at Goodwood over a distance of 6 furlongs (1,207 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in late July or early August.
Just My Luck (2006 film)
Just My Luck is a 2006 American romantic comedy film directed by Donald Petrie, from a screenplay by I. Marlene King and Amy B. Harris, starring Lindsay Lohan, Chris Pine, Faizon Love, Missi Pyle, and McFly. It tells the story of Ashley Albright who works in public relations and is the luckiest person in Manhattan, while Jake Hardin is a janitor and would-be music producer who seems to have terrible luck until their good and bad luck is switched upon kissing each other at a masquerade ball which changes both their lives and leads them to meet each other once again.

The 2019 Thai television series One Night Steal was based on the film.

Faizon Love
Faizon Andre Love (born Langston Faizon Santisima; June 14, 1968) is an American actor and comedian. He is best known for his roles in the comedy films The Meteor Man (1993), Friday (1995), Don't Be a Menace to South Central While Drinking Your Juice in the Hood (1996), B.A.P.S. (1997), The Replacements (2000), Made, Mr Bones (both 2001), Blue Crush (2002), and Couples Retreat (2009), as well as the voice of Sean "Sweet" Johnson in the action-adventure game Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas (2004) and his role as Wendell Wilcox on the sitcom television series The Parent 'Hood (1995–1999).
Armando Martinez (politician)
Armando "Mando" Martinez (born January 6, 1976) is a Democratic member of the Texas House of Representatives, serving since 2005. Martinez was born in Weslaco in Hidalgo County. He was elected to the Texas House of Representatives in 2004 to represent District 39, which encompasses Weslaco, Mercedes, Donna, San Juan, Alamo, Progreso, and Progreso Lakes.

Progreso, Texas
Progreso is a city in Hidalgo County, Texas, United States. As of the 2020 census, Progreso had a population of 4,807. It is part of the McAllen–Edinburg–Mission and Reynosa–McAllen metropolitan areas.
Peter Schlütter
Peter Schlütter (25 November 1893 – 6 April 1959) was a Danish sailor who competed in the 1928 Summer Olympics.

In 1928 he won the silver medal as crew member of the Danish boat Hi-Hi in the 6 metre class competition.

Sailing at the 1928 Summer Olympics
Sailing/Yachting is an Olympic sport starting from the Games of the 1st Olympiad (1896 Olympics in Athens, Greece). With the exception of 1904 and the canceled 1916 Summer Olympics, sailing has always been included on the Olympic schedule. The Sailing program of 1928 consisted of a total of three sailing classes. For each class races were scheduled from 2–9 August 1928 on the Buiten Y near Amsterdam and on the Zuiderzee. The sailing was done on the triangular type Olympic courses.
Vili Maumau
Viliami Maumau (born April 3, 1975) is a Tongan-born former professional football player. Born in Kolovai, Tonga, he played as a defensive tackle for the University of Colorado and was a Third Team All Big 12 selection as a junior.  Maumau attended St. Louis School in Honolulu and was a teammate of Olin Kreutz and Chris Fuamatu-Ma'afala. He was selected by the Carolina Panthers in the seventh round of the 1998 NFL draft.  He also played one year of NFL football for the Panthers in 1999.

Chris Fuamatu-Maʻafala
Chris Fuamatu-Ma'afala ([fu.əˈmatu maʔəˈfalə]; born March 4, 1977) is an American former professional football fullback who played for the Pittsburgh Steelers and Jacksonville Jaguars of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Utah Utes. He was selected by the Steelers in the sixth round of the 1998 NFL draft.
1995 Big West Conference baseball tournament
The 1995 Big West Conference baseball tournament determined the conference champion for the Big West Conference at the end of the 1995 season. The four teams met in the double-elimination tournament from May 12 through 14 at Long Beach State's on campus facility, Blair Field. Cal State Fullerton won the tournament, earning the league's automatic bid to the 1995 NCAA Division I baseball tournament, en route to winning the College World Series for the third time.

This would be the second postseason conference championship event sponsored by the league, and the first with greater than two teams. The event would be held for the next four years before being discontinued.

1995 NCAA Division I baseball tournament
The 1995 NCAA Division I baseball tournament was played at the end of the 1995 NCAA Division I baseball season to determine the national champion of college baseball.  The tournament concluded with eight teams competing in the College World Series, a double-elimination tournament in its forty ninth year.  Eight regional competitions were held to determine the participants in the final event.  Each region was composed of six teams, resulting in 48 teams participating in the tournament at the conclusion of their regular season, and in some cases, after a conference tournament.  The forty-ninth tournament's champion was Cal State Fullerton, coached by Augie Garrido.  The Most Outstanding Player was Mark Kotsay of Cal State Fullerton.
Traditions of Music and Dance
Traditions of Music and Dance is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering research on folk music and dance. It is published by the International Council for Traditions of Music and Dance, twice a year. The editor-in-chief is Lonán Ó Briain. The journal was originally established in 1949 as the Journal of the International Folk Music Council, renaming itself Yearbook of the International Folk Music Council in 1969, and Yearbook for Traditional Music in 1981, obtaining its current title in 2025. The journal is abstracted and indexed in the Arts & Humanities Citation Index and Current Contents/Arts & Humanities.

Current Contents
Current Contents is a rapid alerting service database from Clarivate, formerly the Institute for Scientific Information and Thomson Reuters. It is published online and in several different printed subject sections.
Bill Cunningham (Canadian photographer)
Bill Cunningham (1909–1993) was a Canadian photographer.

He was born in 1909 in British Columbia. In 1924 he graduated from Vancouver College. He was hired by the local Vancouver Sun in 1939, at the age of 31 years. In 1944, Cunningham joined another paper named the Vancouver Province. He worked for the Province for 27 years.

After he retired from the Province in 1973, he established a solo career until his death in 1993, at the age of 84. He is survived by five daughters and one son.

The Province
The Province is a daily newspaper published in tabloid format in British Columbia by Pacific Newspaper Group, a division of Postmedia Network, alongside the Vancouver Sun broadsheet newspaper. Together, they are British Columbia's only two major newspapers.

Formerly a broadsheet, The Province later became tabloid paper-size. It publishes daily except Saturdays, Mondays (as of October 17, 2022) and selected holidays.
Santo Spirito dei Napoletani
Santo Spirito dei Napoletani is a Roman Catholic church on via Giulia, in the Regola rione of Rome. It was the national church of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies and is now the regional church for Campania.

Francis II of the Two Sicilies
Francis II (Neapolitan and Italian: Francesco II, Sicilian: Francischieddu; christened Francesco d'Assisi Maria Leopoldo; 16 January 1836 – 27 December 1894) was the last king of the Two Sicilies before the Italian unification, led by Giuseppe Garibaldi and Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia. After he was deposed, the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies and the Kingdom of Sardinia were merged into the newly formed Kingdom of Italy.
Pirate decryption
Pirate decryption is the decryption, or decoding, of pay TV or pay radio signals without permission from the original broadcaster. The term "pirate" is used in the sense of copyright infringement. The MPAA and other groups which lobby in favour of intellectual property (specifically copyright and trademark) regulations have labelled such decryption as "signal theft" and object to it, arguing that losing out on a potential chance to profit from a consumer's subscription fees counts as a loss of actual profit.

Consumer
A consumer is a person or a group who intends to order, or use purchased goods, products, or services primarily for personal, social, family, household and similar needs, who is not directly related to entrepreneurial or business activities.  The term most commonly refers to a person who purchases goods and services for personal use.