hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Qezel Dalq
Qezel Dalq (Persian: قزل دالق, also Romanized as Qezel Dālq) is a village in Maraveh Tappeh Rural District, in the Central District of Maraveh Tappeh County, Golestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 100, in 23 families.

Golestan province
Golestan province is one of the 31 provinces of Iran, located in the northeast of the country and southeast of the Caspian Sea. Its capital is the city of Gorgan, formerly called Esterabad until 1937. Golestan was split off from Mazandaran Province in 1997.

Golestan province borders Turkmenistan to the north. One of the key border points between the two countries is Incheh Borun, which serves as a vital crossing point.

The province was made a part of Region 1 upon the division of the provinces into 5 regions, solely for coordination and development purposes, on 22 June 2014. The majority of its population are Shia Muslims.
Gertrude Aretz
Gertrude Aretz (née Kuntze-Dolton; 1889–1938) was a German historian and publisher. She was married first to the historian Friedrich Max Kircheisen and later to the publisher Paul Aretz. In 1927 she edited the memoirs of Auguste Charlotte von Kielmannsegge (1777–1863).

Friedrich Max Kircheisen
Friedrich Max Kircheisen (23 June 1877 – 12 February 1933) was a German historian, born at Chemnitz. He studied history and international law at the Universities of Leipzig and Paris and specialized in the Napoleonic era.
Fujio Cho
Fujio Cho (張 富士夫, Chō Fujio; born February 2, 1937)  is a Japanese businessman who was formerly honorary chairman of the Toyota Motor Corporation. Chō is the only second "outsider" to head Toyota Motor Co. since the members of the founding Toyoda family stepped aside in 1995.

He earned a bachelor's degree in law from the University of Tokyo in March 1960. Chō joined the Toyota Motor Corporation in April 1960. Chō's previous titles include: managing director, senior managing director, vice president, president and vice chairman of the board. He previously worked as president in a subsidiary. Chō has been serving as chairman of the board and representative director of Toyota Motor Corporation from June 2006 to  June 2013.

Chō has been a strong advocate of environmentally friendly automotive technology, such as the hybrid-electric Prius.

Representative director (Japan)
Representative director (代表取締役, daihyō-torishimariyaku) is the position of the most senior executive in charge of managing a corporation which is registered in Japan. As regulated by the Companies Act of Japan, joint-stock companies incorporated in Japan must have a representative director. The representative director typically reports to the company's board of directors and is responsible for maximizing the value of the business.
Dying to Know
Dying to Know

Dying to Know: Ram Dass & Timothy Leary 2014 documentary film about Ram Dass and Timothy Leary

"Dying to Know", song by Pennywise from Unknown Road

"Dying to Know", song by Clawfinger from Life Will Kill You

"Dying to Know", song by Arrogance from Rumors (album)

"Dying to Know", song by Tegan and Sara from Love You to Death (album)

Dying to Know You (2012) Aidan Chambers

Love You to Death (album)
Love You to Death is the eighth studio album by Canadian indie pop duo Tegan and Sara, released on June 3, 2016, on Neil Young's label Vapor Records through Warner Bros. Records. Produced by Greg Kurstin, it is the follow-up to the duo's 2013 release Heartthrob, also produced in part by Kurstin. "Boyfriend" was released as the album's lead single on April 8, 2016. The same day, "U-Turn" was also released as a promotional single.
Bressack
Bressack is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Gordon Bressack (1951–2019), American television writer

James Cullen Bressack (born c. 1992), American film producer, screenwriter, and film director, son of Gordon

Gordon Bressack
Gordon Joseph Bressack (May 28, 1951 – August 30, 2019) was an American television writer who won Emmy Awards for Pinky and the Brain and Animaniacs. He was the father of filmmaker James Cullen Bressack.
Patrick McLaughlin (cinematographer)
Patrick McLaughlin is a Canadian cinematographer. He is most noted for his work on the films Everything Will Be, for which he won the Canadian Screen Award for Best Cinematography in a Documentary at the 3rd Canadian Screen Awards in 2015, and Kímmapiiyipitssini: The Meaning of Empathy, for which he was a shortlisted finalist in the same category at the 10th Canadian Screen Awards in 2022.

3rd Canadian Screen Awards
The 3rd Canadian Screen Awards were held on March 1, 2015, to honour achievements in Canadian film, television, and digital media production in 2014.

Nominations were announced on January 13, 2015. On the film side, Mommy led with 13 nominations, while on the television side the science fiction series Orphan Black also received 13 nominations.

The awards ceremony were hosted by Andrea Martin at the Four Seasons Centre for the Performing Arts in Toronto, Ontario. Awards in many of the technical categories were presented in a series of galas throughout the week before the main ceremony.

Changes to the awards over previous years included the introduction of new categories for Best Cinematography in a Documentary and Best Editing in a Documentary.
WMIS-FM
WMIS-FM (92.1 FM, "92.1 The River") is an American radio station licensed to serve the community of Blackduck, Minnesota. The station's broadcast license is held by Paskvan Media, Inc.

It broadcasts a Mainstream Rock music format to the Bemidji, Minnesota, area. Programming includes Bob and Sheri and other programming.

The Bob and Sheri Show
Bob and Sheri is a syndicated U.S. radio program hosted by Bob Lacey and Sheri Lynch.  It is heard in morning drive time.  Its flagship station is WKQC-FM "K104.7" in Charlotte, North Carolina.  For 29 years, the originating station had been WLNK 107.9 "The Link" (also known as WBT-FM and then WWSN prior to 1997).

The show is owned by NOW! Media and runs on about 70 nationwide affiliates. It is also heard worldwide in 177 countries and 150 ships at sea through the American Forces Network.

Bob Lacey and Sheri Lynch have co-hosted the show since 1992 when Bob, already established on WBT-FM's morning show, chose Sheri as co-host from over 65 applicants.
Roviana language
Roviana is a member of the North West Solomonic branch of Oceanic languages. It is spoken around Roviana and Vonavona lagoons at the north central New Georgia in the Solomon Islands. It has 10,000 first-language speakers and an additional 16,000 people mostly over 30 years old speak it as a second language (Raymond 2005). In the past, Roviana was widely used as a trade language and further used as a lingua franca, especially for church purposes in the Western Province, but now it is being replaced by the Solomon Islands Pijin. Published studies on Roviana include: Ray (1926), Waterhouse (1949) and Todd (1978) contain the syntax of Roviana.
Corston-Oliver (1996 & 2002) discuss ergativity in Roviana.
Todd (2000) and Ross (1988) discuss the clause structure in Roviana. Schuelke (2020) discusses grammatical relations and syntactic ergativity in Roviana.

Vonavona
Vonavona is an island in Western Province, Solomon Islands. Alternative local names and spellings of the island are Parara and Wanawana. The estimated terrain elevation above sea level is some 21 metres (69 ft). Vonavona borders Ferguson Passage to the west, Arundel Island to the east, and the island of Kolombangara to the north.
One Stone (nonprofit)
One Stone is a nonprofit organization that promotes student voice and student leadership based in Boise, Idaho. Their stated mission is "Making students better leaders and the world a better place." They use the design thinking approach, pioneered at Stanford's Hasso Plattner Institute of Design, throughout their organization.

Hasso Plattner Institute of Design
The Hasso Plattner Institute of Design, branded as d.school, is a degree-granting institute at Stanford University. It offers a BS in Design degree program and a two-year MS in Design degree program, along with university-wide elective courses.

The school was founded by David M. Kelley and Bernard Roth in 2004 and was named after German businessman Hasso Plattner.
Sant'Antioco di Bisarcio
The Basilica di Sant'Antioco of Bisarcio is a countryside  church near Chilivani, a frazione of Ozieri, Sardinia, Italy. Located on an isolated volcanic hill, it is one  of the largest Romanesque churches in Sardinia.

A Catholic diocese with seat in Bisarcium, in what was then the giudicato of Torres (one of the four independent quasi-kingdoms in which Sardinia was divided) or Guisarchium is documented from 1065 to 1503, when it was annexed to that of Alghero. A first cathedral was built here in the late 11th century, but was later damaged by a fire, so that a document from 1139 suggests that the bishop had moved his seat to Ardara. The new cathedral was finished in 1174, when the two storey portico on the façade was completed. Today scanty remains of the medieval village of Bisarcio exist.

Judicate of Logudoro
The Judicate of Logudoro or Torres (Sardinian: Judicadu de Logudoro or Torres, Rennu de Logudoro or Logu de Torres) was one of the four kingdoms or iudicati into which Sardinia was divided during the Middle Ages. It occupied the northwest part of the island from the 11th through the 13th century, bordering the Gallura to the east, Arborea to the south, and Cagliari to the southeast. Its original capital was Porto Torres. The region is still called Logudoro today.

Logudoro was the largest and earliest of the iudicati but also the second to be subsumed by a foreign power. It was divided into twenty curatoriae, ruled by curatores.
Alexandra Ianculescu
Alexandra Ianculescu OLY (born 21 October 1991 in Sibiu) is a Romanian-Canadian speed skater.

She immigrated with her family to Toronto, Ontario in 2001, and since 2008 trains and resides in Calgary, Alberta. Ianculescu was a member of the Canadian junior national speed skating team in 2011, and represented Canada at two junior championships. She later represented Canada on the World Cup circuit as a senior skater, competing in the 500m and the 1000m distances. In 2016, Alexandra competed for Romania in long track speed skating. She competed in the women's 500 metres at the 2018 Winter Olympics for Romania. In 2021, Ianculescu retired from competitive speed skating in order to pursue a second Olympic appearance, and a professional career in road and track cycling. She races for a Dutch Elite women's road team called NWVG-UPLUS. So far, she did not reach any significant result.

OLY
OLY (/ˌoʊɛlˈwaɪ/ OH-el-WY) are post-nominal letters granted by the World Olympians Association (WOA) to registered athletes who have participated in the Olympic Games. The initiative was launched in 2017, and in 2022, post-nominal title PLY was introduced for Paralympic participants.
Marco Lazzaroni
Marco Lazzaroni (born 18 May 1995) is an Italian rugby union player who plays as a Lock. He currently competes for Mogliano in the Italian Serie A Elite.

Born in Udine, Marco played locally before joining Mogliano. In summer 2014, he joined Benetton Treviso.
He played for United Rugby Championship team Benetton until 2023–24 United Rugby Championship season.

From 2013 to 2015, Lazzaroni was named in the Italy Under 20 squad and in 2018 in the Italy Sevens squad.
From 2017 he was also member of Italy squad. On 8 November 2021 he was named in the Italy A squad for the 2021 end-of-year rugby union internationals.

Udine
Udine (US: /ˈuːdiːneɪ/ OO-dee-nay; Italian: [ˈuːdine] ⓘ; Friulian: Udin; Latin: Utinum; Slovene: Videm) is a city and comune (municipality) in northeastern Italy, in the middle of the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region, between the Adriatic Sea and the Carnic Alps. It is the capital of the Regional decentralization entity of Udine. As of 2025, it has a population of 98,320 in the commune, and 176,000 in the urban area.
Bolesław of Oleśnica
Bolesław of Oleśnica (Polish: Bolesław oleśnicki; c. 1295 – before 23 April 1321), was a Duke of Żagań, Ścinawa, etc., during 1309–1312 (with his brothers as co-rulers), Duke of Oleśnica, Namysłów, Gniezno and Kalisz during 1312–1313 (with his brother as co-ruler), Duke of Gniezno during 1313–1314 (alone) and sole Duke of Oleśnica from 1313 to his death.

He was the third son of Henry III (I), Duke of Głogów, by his wife Matilda, daughter of Albert I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg.

Albert I, Duke of Brunswick
Albert the Tall (Latin: Albertus Longus, German: Albrecht der Große; 1236 – 15 August 1279), a member of the House of Welf, was Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg from 1252 and the first ruler of the newly created Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel from 1269 until his death.
Network Rail Route 6 (North London Line and Thameside)
Strategic Route 6 - North London Line and Thameside was the designation Network Rail gave to a grouping of railway lines in Greater London and the East of England region that encompassed the London, Tilbury and Southend Line and overground commuter lines within London. The route provided key services to Southend and London suburban areas as well as supporting various freight routes within London.

In 2010, Network Rail restructured its route categorisation. Route 6 was split into Strategic Route E: North London Line, and Strategic Route F: Thameside.

London Overground
The London Overground  (also known simply as the Overground) is a suburban rail network serving London and its environs. Established in 2007 to take over Silverlink Metro routes, it now serves a large part of Greater London as well as Hertfordshire, with 113 stations on the six lines that make up the network.

The Overground forms part of the United Kingdom's National Rail network but it is under the concession control and branding of Transport for London (TfL). Operation has been contracted to Arriva Rail London since 2016. TfL previously assigned orange as a mode-specific colour for the Overground in branding and publicity including the roundel, on the Tube map, trains and stations.

In 2024, each of the six Overground lines was given a distinct colour and name: Lioness (yellow), Mildmay (blue), Windrush (red), Weaver (purple), Suffragette (green), and Liberty (grey).
Stan Kozlowski
Stanley J. Kozlowski (February 25, 1924 – August 23, 1972) was an American football fullback in the All-America Football Conference (AAFC) for the Miami Seahawks.  He played college football at the University of Notre Dame and the College of the Holy Cross and was drafted in the third round of the 1946 NFL draft by the Washington Redskins. In August 1972, he was walking across a street and was hit by a motorist. He died a few hours later at a hospital.

1946 NFL draft
The 1946 NFL draft was held on January 14, 1946, at the Commodore Hotel in New York City, New York.

The selections were initially withheld from the public out of fear that the newly formed All-America Football Conference would sign away players selected high. With the first overall pick of the draft, the Boston Yanks selected quarterback Frank Dancewicz. The most notable draft choice in this player selection meeting was made by the Washington Redskins and remains one of the biggest draft blunders of all time. They chose Cal Rossi with the 9th overall pick, but Rossi, a junior at UCLA, was not eligible to be drafted. They chose him again in the 1947 NFL draft, but he never played football professionally.
Q58 and Q98 buses
The Q58 and Q98 Limited are bus routes that constitute a public transit line operating primarily in Queens, New York City, with its southern terminal on the border with Brooklyn. Both routes are operated by the MTA New York City Transit Authority. Its precursor was a streetcar line that began operation in November 1899. and was known variously as the Flushing–Ridgewood Line, the Corona Avenue Line, and the Fresh Pond Road Line. The route became a bus line in 1949. Limited-stop service on the Q58 route was implemented in 2010 and was replaced with the brand-new Q98 in 2025.

The Q58 and Q98 operate between two major bus/subway hubs: the Ridgewood Terminal on the border of Ridgewood, Queens and Bushwick, Brooklyn; and the Flushing – Main Street terminal in Downtown Flushing, Queens. The Q58 is the busiest bus line in the borough of Queens, and the second busiest in the city, after the M15, with 7.19 million people riding the route in 2024.

Metropolitan Transportation Authority
The Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) is a public benefit corporation in New York State responsible for public transportation in the New York City metropolitan area. The MTA is the largest public transit authority in North America, serving 12 counties in Downstate New York, along with two counties in southwestern Connecticut under contract with the Connecticut Department of Transportation (CTDOT), carrying over 11 million passengers on an average weekday systemwide, and over 850,000 vehicles on its seven toll bridges and two tunnels per weekday.
E. Frances White
E. Frances White (born 1949) is an American historian, author and academic serving as Professor Emerita of History and Black Studies at Gallatin School of Individualized Study. From 2005 to 2008 she served as Vice Provost of Faculty Affairs at New York University. Prior to that post, she was the Dean of New York University's Gallatin School of Individualized Study (1998–2005).

She also taught at Hampshire College from 1980 to 1998/99. She holds a B.A. from Wheaton College (1971), an M.A. in African History from Boston University (1973), as well as a Ph.D from Boston University (1978).

Hampshire College
Hampshire College is a private liberal arts college in Amherst, Massachusetts, United States. It was opened in 1970 as an experiment in alternative education, in association with four other colleges in the Pioneer Valley: Amherst College, Smith College, Mount Holyoke College, and the University of Massachusetts Amherst. Together they are known as the Five College Consortium. The campus also houses the National Yiddish Book Center and Eric Carle Museum, and hosts the annual Hampshire College Summer Studies in Mathematics.

The college utilizes an alternative curriculum, with an emphasis on progressive pedagogy and self-directed academic concentrations, a focus on portfolios rather than distribution requirements, and a reliance on narrative evaluations instead of grades and GPAs.
Midi-Pyrénées
Midi-Pyrénées (French pronunciation: [midi piʁene] ⓘ; Occitan: Miègjorn-Pirenèus [mjɛdˈdʒuɾ piɾeˈnɛws] or Mieidia-Pirenèus [mjejˈði.ɔ piɾeˈnɛws]; Spanish: Mediodía-Pirineos) is a former administrative region of France. Since 1 January 2016, it has been part of the new region of Occitania. It was the largest region of Metropolitan France by area, larger than the Netherlands or Denmark.

Midi-Pyrénées has no historical or geographical unity. It is one of the regions of France created in the late 20th century to serve as a hinterland and zone of influence for its capital, Toulouse, one of a handful of so-called "balancing metropolises" (métropoles d'équilibre). Another example of this is the region of Rhône-Alpes which was created as the region for Lyon.

Hinterland
Hinterland is the area under the influence of a particular human settlement.

The word comes from a German word meaning 'land behind' a city, a port, or similar. Its use in English was first documented by the geographer George Chisholm in his Handbook of Commercial Geography (1888). Originally the term was associated with the area of a port in which materials for export and import are stored and shipped. Subsequently, the use of the word expanded to its current use.
Impsonite
Impsonite is a black, carbonaceous substance, with a specific gravity of 1.10–1.25 and a carbon content of 50–85%.  It is described as an asphaltic pyrobitumen. It is believed to be derived from a fluid bitumen which polymerized after filling a vein.
The term was coined by George Homans Eldridge in 1901, referring to the asphaltic material in the Impson Valley in southeastern Oklahoma, later known as the Jumbo mine. The asphaltic material in the Impson Valley was later reclassified as grahamite, based on solubility and chemical similarities with the type grahamite of West Virginia.

Vein (geology)
In geology, a vein is a distinct sheetlike body of crystallized minerals within a rock. Veins form when mineral constituents carried by an aqueous solution within the rock mass are deposited through precipitation. The hydraulic flow involved is usually due to hydrothermal circulation.

Veins are classically thought of as being planar fractures in rocks, with the crystal growth occurring normal to the walls of the cavity, and the crystal protruding into open space. This certainly is the method for the formation of some veins. However, it is rare in geology for significant open space to remain open in large volumes of rock, especially several kilometers below the surface. Thus, there are two main mechanisms considered likely for the formation of veins: open-space filling and crack-seal growth.
Martha Woodmansee
Martha Woodmansee (born 1944) is an American professor at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio.  She has been a member of the  English department since 1986 and joined the faculty at the School of Law in 2003.  In addition, she was the Director of the Society for Critical Exchange, a national organization devoted to collaborative interdisciplinary work in theory.  In 2008 she has founded the International Society for the History and Theory of Intellectual Property. A 1999 Guggenheim fellow and 2004 Fulbright fellow, her teaching and research interests are 18th- and 19th-century literature, critical theory, cultural studies including book piracy and the emergence of international copyright during the nineteenth century.

Woodmansee attended Northwestern University (B.A.) and Stanford University (M.A., Ph.D).

Case Western Reserve University School of Law
Case Western Reserve University School of Law is the law school of Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio. It was one of the first schools accredited by the American Bar Association. It is a member of the Association of American Law Schools (AALS). It was initially named for Franklin Thomas Backus, a justice of the Ohio Supreme Court, whose widow donated $50,000 to found the school in 1892.

According to Case Western Reserve's official 2018 ABA-required disclosures, 65.9% of the Class of 2018 obtained full-time, long-term, bar passage-required employment nine months after graduation, excluding solo-practitioners, ranking 114th out of 200 ABA-approved law schools.
Hendrik Koekoek
Hendrik Koekoek (22 May 1912 – 8 February 1987) was a Dutch farmer, politician, and founder of the defunct Farmers' Party (Boerenpartij; BP).

Koekoek was the leader and party chair of the BP from 1958 until 1981. He served as the party's Parliamentary leader in the House of Representatives from 5 June 1963 until 10 June 1981. He was also a member of the States-Provincial of Gelderland between 6 June 1962 and 5 June 1963. Although he was widely known, he was never a major force in the Dutch political landscape.

Provincial council (Netherlands)
The provincial council (Dutch: Provinciale Staten, PS), also known as the States-Provincial, is the provincial parliament and legislative assembly in each of the provinces of the Netherlands. It is elected for each province simultaneously once every four years and has the responsibility for matters of sub-national or regional importance. The number of seats in a provincial council is proportional to its population.