hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
History of China (1976–1989)
The time period in China from the death of Mao Zedong in 1976 until the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre is often known as Dengist China, Reform era, or Long 1980s. In September 1976, after CCP Chairman Mao Zedong's death, the People's Republic of China was left with no central authority figure, either symbolically or administratively. The Gang of Four was purged, but new Chairman Hua Guofeng insisted on continuing Maoist policies. After a bloodless power struggle, Deng Xiaoping came to the helm to reform the Chinese economy and government institutions in their entirety. Deng, however, was conservative with regard to wide-ranging political reform, and along with the combination of unforeseen problems that resulted from the reform and opening up policies, the country underwent another political crisis, culminating in the crackdown of massive pro-democracy protests in Tiananmen Square.

Democracy movements of China
Democracy movements in the People's Republic of China are a series of organized political movements, inside and outside of the country, addressing a variety of grievances, including objections to socialist bureaucratism and objections to the continuation of the one-party rule of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) itself. The Democracy Wall movement of November 1978 to spring 1981 is typically regarded as the beginning of contemporary Chinese democracy movement.  In addition to the Democracy Wall movement, the events of the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre are among the notable examples of Chinese democracy movements.
Dame Dobson
Dame Dobson is a 1683 comedy play by the English writer Edward Ravenscroft.

First staged by the United Company at the Dorset Garden Theatre, the original cast included Katherine Corey as Dame Dobson, Edward Kynaston as Collonel, Thomas Jevon as Gillet, John Wiltshire as Gerrard, William Mountfort as Hartwell, George Bright as Farmer, John Richards as Goslin, Anthony Leigh as Jenkin, Mary Lee as Lady Noble, Elizabeth Currer as Mrs Featly, Elinor Leigh as Mrs Prudence, Charlotte Butler as  Mrs Cleremont and Margaret Osborne as Mrs Hellen.

In 1726 Charles Johnson wrote a reworking of the plot as The Female Fortune Teller.

George Bright (actor)
George Bright was an English stage actor of the seventeenth and early eighteenth century. He specialised in playing "comic dullards, fops and bouncy servants". After beginning his career in Dublin he joined the Duke's Company at the Dorset Garden Theatre in 1679 and then became part of the merged United Company in 1682.
Haplogroup O (mtDNA)
Haplogroup O mtDNA is a haplogroup derived from haplogroup N and found in Oceania. Specifically, it is found among Aboriginal Australians. Its defining mutations are G6755A, C9140T, and G16213A.

It is one of the rarest haplogroups. As of 2022, FamilyTreeDNA reports that only 4 people in their customer base who have tested their complete mitochondrial sequences are members of the haplogroup. YFull reports 9 known members, 8 of whom are stated to be from Australia, and that the haplogroup is at least 20,000 years old.

The following table lists relevant GenBank samples:

FamilyTreeDNA
FamilyTreeDNA is a division of Gene by Gene, a commercial genetic testing company based in Houston, Texas.  FamilyTreeDNA offers analysis of autosomal DNA, Y-DNA, and mitochondrial DNA to individuals for genealogical purpose. With a database of more than two million records, it is the most popular company worldwide for Y-DNA and mitochondrial DNA, and the fourth most popular for autosomal DNA. In Europe, it is the most common also for autosomal DNA. FamilyTreeDNA as a division of Gene by Gene were acquired by MYDNA, Inc., an Australian company, in January 2021.
1919 All-Eastern football team
The 1919 All-Eastern football team consists of American football players chosen by various selectors as the best players at each position among the Eastern colleges and universities during the 1919 college football season.

1919 college football season
The 1919 college football season had no clear-cut champion, with the Official NCAA Division I Football Records Book listing Centre, Harvard, Illinois, Notre Dame, and Texas A&M as having been deemed national champions by major selectors Only Harvard, Illinois, and Texas A&M claim national championships for the 1919 season.  Texas A&M began claiming the 1919 national championship in 2012.
Taschenberg
Taschenberg is a surname of German origin. People with that name include:

Ernst Ludwig Taschenberg (1818–1898), German entomologist, father of Ernst Otto Wilhelm

Ernst Otto Wilhelm Taschenberg (1854–1923), German entomologist, son of Ernst Ludwig

Ernst Ludwig Taschenberg
Ernst Ludwig Taschenberg (10 January 1818 Naumburg – 19 January 1898 Halle) was a German entomologist and teacher. He wrote several popular books on entomology with his own illustrations. His son Otto Taschenberg (1854-1922) also became an entomologist.
Rhodovulum sulfidophilum
Rhodovulum sulfidophilum is a gram-negative purple nonsulfur bacteria. The cells are rod-shaped, and range in size from 0.6 to 0.9 μm wide and 0.9 to 2.0 μm long, and have a polar flagella. These cells reproduce asexually by binary fission. This bacterium can grow anaerobically (photoautotrophic or photoheterotrophic) when light is present, or aerobically (chemoheterotrophic) under dark conditions. It contains the photosynthetic pigments bacteriochlorophyll a and of carotenoids.

There is interest in R. sulfidophilum for its applications in producing artificial spider silk  and biocompounds, waste remediation and for its use in aquaculture.

Purple bacteria
Purple bacteria or purple photosynthetic bacteria are Gram-negative proteobacteria that are phototrophic, capable of producing their own food via photosynthesis. They are pigmented with bacteriochlorophyll a or b, together with various carotenoids, which give them colours ranging between purple, red, brown, and orange. They may be divided into two groups – purple sulfur bacteria (Chromatiales, in part) and purple non-sulfur bacteria. Purple bacteria are anoxygenic phototrophs widely spread in nature, but especially in aquatic environments, where there are anoxic conditions that favor the synthesis of their pigments.
Chwalimki
Chwalimki [xfaˈlʲimkʲi] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Barwice, within Szczecinek County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) east of Barwice, 15 km (9 mi) west of Szczecinek, and 130 km (81 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Barwice
Barwice [barˈvʲit͡sɛ] (German: Bärwalde) is a town in north-western Poland, in West Pomeranian Voivodship, in Szczecinek County. It is the seat of Gmina Barwice. As of December 2021, the town has a population of 3,627.
The Stepmother (1924 play)
The Stepmother is a 1924 play by the British playwright Githa Sowerby. It tackles the tensions of female independence in a patriarchal society. The play was first staged for a single performance in January 1924 at the New Theatre in London's West End. It starred Campbell Gullen as Eustace Gaydon and Jean Cadell as Lois Relph.

Its first major revival was at the Shaw Festival, Canada in 2008 following the rediscovery of the manuscript. Its professional UK premiere at the Orange Tree Theatre, London, in February 2013. In March 2014 The Stepmother received its North of England premiere, being performed by York Settlement Community Players in the Studio at the York Theatre Royal. The play was produced at the Chichester Festival Theatre in 2017.

Jean Cadell
Jean Dunlop Cadell (13 September 1884 – 29 September 1967) was a Scottish character actress. Although her married name was Jean Dunlop Perceval-Clark she retained her maiden name in the context of acting.
SRPRB
Signal recognition particle receptor subunit beta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SRPRB gene.

The protein encoded by this gene has similarity to mouse protein which is a subunit of the signal recognition particle receptor (SR). This subunit is a transmembrane GTPase belonging to the GTPase superfamily. It anchors alpha subunit, a peripheral membrane GTPase, to the ER membrane. SR is required for the cotranslational targeting of both secretory and membrane proteins to the ER membrane.

Membrane protein
Membrane proteins are common proteins that are part of, or interact with, biological membranes. Membrane proteins fall into several broad categories depending on their location.  Integral membrane proteins are a permanent part of a cell membrane and can either penetrate the membrane (transmembrane) or associate with one or the other side of a membrane (integral monotopic). Peripheral membrane proteins are transiently associated with the cell membrane.

Membrane proteins are common, and medically important—about a third of all human proteins are membrane proteins, and these are targets for more than half of all drugs.  Nonetheless, compared to other classes of proteins, determining membrane protein structures remains a challenge in large part due to the difficulty in establishing experimental conditions that can preserve the correct (native) conformation of the protein in isolation from its native environment.
Axle hitch
The axle hitch is used to tie a hitch in a hard-to-reach place, or for extra security by having a double hold on an object. When the initial bight is passed around the object, the rest of the knot can be completed out away from the cramped location.  The knot is finished with a bowline knot or other reliable knot that connects the working end to the standing part.

It provides distributed strength and is useful when a shock load needs to be spread along an anchor point, since it provides four lines distributed across two points, in which case a double bowline or water bowline should be used as the security knot.

Hitch (knot)
A hitch is a type of knot used to secure a rope to an object or another rope. Hitches are used in a variety of situations, including climbing, sailing, and securing loads. They are classified based on their ability to be tightened or released, their resistance to slipping, and their strength. Some common types of hitch knots include the clove hitch, the timber hitch, and the round turn and two half-hitches.
Robert Kane (philosopher)
Robert Hilary Kane (November 25, 1938 – April 20, 2024) was an American philosopher. He was Distinguished Teaching Professor of Philosophy and a professor of law at the University of Texas at Austin.

His major contributions include, Free Will and Values (1985), Through the Moral Maze (1994), and The Significance of Free Will (1996: awarded the 1996 Robert W. Hamilton Faculty Book Award).  He also edited the Oxford Handbook of Free Will (2004) and published many articles in the philosophy of mind and action, ethics, the theory of values and philosophy of religion.

Action theory (philosophy)
Action theory or theory of action is an area in philosophy concerned with theories about the processes causing willful human bodily movements of a more or less complex kind. This area of thought involves epistemology, ethics, metaphysics, jurisprudence, and philosophy of mind, and has attracted the strong interest of philosophers ever since Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics (Third Book). With the advent of psychology and later neuroscience, many theories of action are now subject to empirical testing.

Philosophical action theory, or the philosophy of action, should not be confused with sociological theories of social action, such as the action theory established by Talcott Parsons.  Nor should it be confused with activity theory.
Taoughilt
Taoughilt is a small town and rural commune in Sidi Kacem Province of the Rabat-Salé-Kénitra region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 14,108 people living in 2,100 households.

Rabat-Salé-Kénitra
Rabat-Salé-Kénitra (Arabic: الرباط-سلا-القنيطرة, romanized: ar-ribāṭ salā al-qunayṭira) is one of twelve administrative regions of Morocco. It is situated in north-western Morocco and has a population of 5,132,639 (2024 census). The capital is Rabat.
Marie Jean-Eudes Tellier
Sister Marie Jean-Eudes, S.S.A., born Eugénie Tellier, (1897, Saint-Damien, Quebec—1978, Lachine, Quebec) was a Canadian botanist and a member of the Sisters of Saint Ann. She worked on the popularization of science and published several papers in the fields of biology, geology and botany.

Sister Jean-Eudes is considered a pioneer in the study of natural sciences. The Province of Quebec established a nature preserve named in her honor in 1992, due to her contributions to science.

Religious congregation
A religious congregation is a type of religious institute in the Catholic Church. They are legally distinguished from religious orders – the other major type of religious institute – in that members take simple vows, whereas members of religious orders take solemn vows.
The Chant of Jimmie Blacksmith (film)
The Chant of Jimmie Blacksmith is a 1978 Australian drama film directed, written and produced by Fred Schepisi, and starring Tom E. Lewis (billed at the time as Tommy Lewis), Freddy Reynolds and Ray Barrett. The film also featured early appearances by Bryan Brown, Arthur Dignam, and John Jarratt. It is an adaptation of the 1972 novel The Chant of Jimmie Blacksmith by Thomas Keneally.

The story is about an exploited Aboriginal Australian who commits murder and goes into hiding. It is based on actual events surrounding Jimmy Governor.

The film was critically acclaimed, but lost A$179,000 at the box office. For Schepisi, the film's reception was a disillusioning experience and he left Australia soon after to work in Hollywood, returning to Australia ten years later to make Evil Angels.

While not prosecuted for obscenity, the film was seized and confiscated in the UK under Section 3 of the Obscene Publications Act 1959 during the video nasty panic.

Ray Barrett
Raymond Charles Barrett (2 May 1927 – 8 September 2009) was an Australian actor. During the 1960s, he was a leading actor on British television, where he was best known for his appearances in The Troubleshooters (1965–1971). From the 1970s, he appeared in lead and character roles in Australian films and television series.
Erik Wennerstrand
Erik Wennerstrand (born 1963) is a Swedish artist working chiefly with sculpture, poetry and visual art. He resides and works in Stockholm. Previously, Wennerstrand had the personal name Per and during a period signed his work Erik Holm. Wennerstrand has had numerous exhibitions in art halls and galleries such as Västerås art museum 2002, Gallery Magnus Karlsson, Stockholm 2002, Millesgården art museum 2004-05, Gallery Paul Kleefeld, Copenhagen 2005,  Luleå art hall 2007, Örnsköldsviks art hall 2009, Vallentuna cultural center 2014 and Lund Cathedral, the crypt 2015. In addition, he has executed a number of commissions in Stockholm and throughout Sweden.

He is an alumnus of the Västerås Art School, Pernbys Painting School and Stockholm Art Academy.

Örnsköldsvik Municipality
Örnsköldsvik Municipality (Swedish: Örnsköldsviks kommun; Southern Sami: Orrestaaren tjïelte) is one of Sweden's 290 municipalities, in Västernorrland County in northern Sweden. Its seat is in the town Örnsköldsvik. The present municipality was created in 1971 by the amalgamation of the City of Örnsköldsvik with seven former rural municipalities.
WSLK
WSLK (880 AM, "Lake Radio 880") is a commercial radio station licensed to Moneta, Virginia.  It broadcasts an oldies and adult standards radio format and is owned and operated by Smile Broadcasting, LLC.  The studios and offices are on Village Springs Drive in Hardy, Virginia.

WSLK is a daytimer station, powered at 900 watts non-directional.  AM 880 is a clear channel frequency reserved for Class A station WHSQ in New York City.  To avoid interference, at night WSLK goes off the air.  The transmitter is off Moneta Road in Moneta.  The station's signal covers the Smith Mountain Lake area in parts of Bedford and Franklin Counties in Virginia.  Programming is heard around the clock on 250-watt FM translator W252DP at 98.3 MHz in Moneta.

Franklin County, Virginia
Franklin County is a county located in the Blue Ridge foothills of the Commonwealth of Virginia, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 54,477. Its county seat is Rocky Mount. Franklin County is part of the Roanoke metropolitan area and is located in the Roanoke Region of Virginia. The Roanoke River forms its northeast boundary with Bedford County.
Five-planet Nice model
The five-planet Nice model is a numerical model of the early Solar System that is a revised variation of the Nice model. It begins with five giant planets, the four that exist today plus an additional ice giant between Saturn and Uranus in a chain of mean-motion resonances.

After the resonance chain is broken, the five giant planets undergo a period of planetesimal-driven migration, followed by a period of orbital instability with gravitational encounters between planets similar to that in the original Nice model. During the instability the additional giant planet is scattered inward onto a Jupiter-crossing orbit and is ejected from the Solar System following an encounter with Jupiter. The model was first formally proposed in 2011 after simulations indicated that it was more likely to reproduce the current Solar System than a four-planet Nice model.

Orbital stability
In mathematical physics and the theory of partial differential equations, the solitary wave solution of the form  is said to be orbitally stable if any solution with the initial data sufficiently close to  forever remains in a given small neighborhood of the trajectory of
Alcomie, Tasmania
Alcomie is a rural locality in the local government area of Circular Head in the North West region of Tasmania. It is located about 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) south-east of the town of Smithton. 
The 2021 census recorded a population of 58 for Alcomie.

Circular Head Council
Circular Head Council is a local government body in Tasmania covering the far north-west mainland. It is classified as a rural local government area with a population of 8,066, and its major towns and localities include Arthur River, Marrawah and Stanley, with Smithton being the largest and principal town.  The origin of the name “Circular Head” is unknown.
Maja Sablewska
Maja Sablewska (born 5 April 1980) is a Polish music manager, stylist and television personality. In 2011 she was a judge on TV show X Factor. Since 2013 she has been hosting several makeover television shows.

Edyta Górniak
Edyta Anna Górniak (Polish pronunciation: [ɛˈdɨta ˈɡurɲak]; born 14 November 1972) is a Polish pop singer. She started her career as a musical theatre actress in 1990, and performed in the Tony Award-nominated Metro, the most successful Polish musical of all time, which was also shown on Broadway. Górniak was Poland's first representative in the Eurovision Song Contest in 1994 with the song "To nie ja". She finished as a runner-up which still remains the country's best result at the competition. This started her decades-long career as a pop singer in her native country and internationally. Górniak is also known for her 1997 single "One and One", which charted on the European Radio Top 50. She is the recipient of the Bronze Medal for Merit to Culture – Gloria Artis for her contributions to the arts.
2009 Moorilla Hobart International – Doubles
Anabel Medina Garrigues and Virginia Ruano Pascual were the defending champions but did not participate that year.

The 2009 champions were Gisela Dulko and Flavia Pennetta who beat sisters, Alona and Kateryna Bondarenko, in the final, 6–2, 7–6(7–4).

Alona Bondarenko
Alona Volodymyrivna Bondarenko Dyachok (Ukrainian: Альона Володимирівна Бондаренко; born 13 August 1984) is a Ukrainian former tennis player. Her sisters Valeria and Kateryna Bondarenko are also tennis players.

Her career-high singles ranking is No. 19, achieved on 14 April 2008. Alona defeated former world No. 1, Jelena Janković, in the third round of the 2010 Australian Open, and won the 2008 Australian Open women's doubles title with her sister Kateryna, beating Victoria Azarenka and Shahar Pe'er in the finals. She also formerly paired with her older sister Valeria in doubles.
2017 European Amputee Football Championship
The 2017 European Amputee Football Championship was the fourth edition of the annual international competition of amputee football national men's teams. It was organized by the European Amputee Football Federation (EAFF), and was held in Istanbul, Turkey between October 2–9, 2017. The championship's drawing ceremony took place in Riva, Istanbul on August 19 to determine the groups.

Turkey won the title for the first time, defeating England in the final. Poland became bronze medalist before Spain. All matches were played at the Turkish Football Federation Hasan Doğan National Teams Camp and Training Facility in Riva, Beykoz but the final at Vodafone Park in Beşiktaş.

Beykoz
Beykoz (Turkish pronunciation: [ˈbejkoz]) is a municipality and district of Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its area is 310 km2, and its population is 247,875 (2022). It lies at the northern end of the Bosphorus on the Anatolian side. The name is believed to be a combination of the words bey and kos, which means "village" in Farsi. Beykoz includes an area from the streams of Küçüksu and Göksu (just before Anadoluhisarı) to the opening of the Bosphorus into the Black Sea, and the villages in the hinterland as far as the Riva creek. Before the Turkish alphabet reform of 1928, it was sometimes Latinized variously as Beicos or Beikos.
Great Alne
Great Alne is a small village in Warwickshire, England, 7 miles (11 km) north-west of Stratford-upon-Avon, 3 miles (4.8 km) north-east of Alcester and 15 miles (24 km) from Warwick, on the road to Wootton Wawen. It takes its name from the River Alne and was first chronicled in the charter of King Ethelbald (723–737). In 1969 Warwickshire County Council designated part of Great Alne as a Conservation Area, including most of the village east of the Memorial Hall and twelve listed buildings of local architectural and historical value. At the 2001 Census the population was 587.

Charter
A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. It is implicit that the granter retains superiority (or sovereignty), and that the recipient admits a limited (or inferior) status within the relationship, and it is within that sense that charters were historically granted, and it is that sense which is retained in modern usage of the term. In early medieval Britain, charters transferred land from donors to recipients.

The word entered the English language from the Old French charte, via Latin charta, and ultimately from Greek χάρτης (khartes, meaning "layer of papyrus"). It has come to be synonymous with a document that sets out a grant of rights or privileges.