hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wakkanai Park
Wakkanai Park (稚内公園, Wakkani Kōen) was established in Wakkanai, Hokkaidō, Japan in 1961. Covering some 45 hectares (110 acres), when combined with the adjacent Forest Park, there is total area of approximately 100 hectares (250 acres) for "citizens to relax". Located on a hillside overlooking the Sōya Straits, within the park there are a number of memorials that, along with those of Cape Sōya, that to the Chihaku ferry near the North Breakwater Dome, the Northern Memorial Museum inside the park, and the Wakkanai Karafuto Museum, together help give Wakkanai the greatest density of "proxy" Karafuto lieux de mémoire in Hokkaidō.

Lieu de mémoire
A lieu de mémoire (French for "site of memory" or memory space) is a physical place or object which acts as container of memory. They are thus a form of memorialisation related to collective memory, stating that certain places, objects or events can have special significance related to group's remembrance. It is a term used in heritage and collective memory studies popularised by the French historian Pierre Nora in his three-volume collection Les Lieux de Mémoire (published in part in English translation as Realms of Memory). Nora describes them as “complex things. At once natural and artificial, simple and ambiguous, concrete and abstract, they are lieux—places, sites, causes—in three senses—material, symbolic and functional”.
Moruga wallaceae
Moruga wallaceae is a species of mygalomorph spider in the Barychelidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1994 by Australian arachnologist Robert Raven. The specific epithet wallaceae honours Carden Wallace, Curator Manager of the Museum of Tropical Queensland.

Carden Wallace
Carden Crea Wallace AM (fl. 1970–) is an Australian scientist who was the curator/director of the Museum of Tropical Queensland from 1987 to 2003. She is an expert on corals having written a "revision of the Genus Acropora". Wallace was part of a team that discovered mass spawning of coral in 1984.
Elijah Murdock Farm
Elijah Murdock Farm was a historic home located near Yellow Sulphur, Montgomery County, Virginia.  The main dwelling was a two-story, three-bay, hall-parlor-plan dwelling with a two-story log and frame ell.  Also on the property was a contributing washhouse of weatherboarded frame construction, a double-crib log corn crib, a board-and-batten-sided frame outbuilding, and the site of a spring house.

The farmstead was listed on the National Register partly for its architecture and also for the site's archeological potential:  it was deemed "an excellent example of a relatively
undisturbed historic farmstead" with likely valuable deposits relating to occupation and use of the farmstead in the 1800s.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

The house has been demolished.

The site was delisted from the National Register in 2001.

Spring house
A spring house, or springhouse, is a small building, usually of a single room, constructed over a spring.  While the original purpose of a springhouse was to keep the spring water clean by excluding fallen leaves, animals, etc., the enclosing structure was also used for refrigeration before the advent of ice delivery and, later, electric refrigeration.  The water of the spring maintains a constant cool temperature inside the spring house throughout the year.  Food that would otherwise spoil, such as meat, fruit, or dairy products, could be kept there, safe from animal depredations as well. Springhouses thus often also served as pumphouses, milkhouses and root cellars.

The Tomahawk Spring spring house at Tomahawk, West Virginia, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.
Gerlind Plonka
Gerlind Plonka-Hoch is a German applied mathematician specializing in signal processing and image processing, and known for her work on refinable functions and curvelets. She is a professor at the University of Göttingen, in the Institute for Numerical and Applied Mathematics.

Plonka earned her Ph.D. from the University of Rostock in 1993.
Her dissertation, Periodische Lagrange- und Hermite-Spline-Interpolation,
concerned polynomial interpolation using Lagrange polynomials and Hermite splines, and was supervised by Manfred Tasche.

She was the Emmy Noether Lecturer of the German Mathematical Society in 2016.

Lagrange polynomial
In numerical analysis, the Lagrange interpolating polynomial is the unique polynomial of lowest degree that interpolates a given set of data.

Given a data set of coordinate pairs ⁠⁠, the ⁠⁠ are called nodes and the ⁠⁠ are called values. The Lagrange polynomial ⁠⁠ which interpolates the data assumes each value at the corresponding node, ⁠⁠. If there are ⁠⁠ data pairs, the Lagrange polynomial has degree ⁠⁠.

Although named after Joseph-Louis Lagrange, who published it in 1795, the method was first discovered in 1779 by Edward Waring. It is also an easy consequence of a formula published in 1783 by Leonhard Euler.

Uses of Lagrange polynomials include the Newton–Cotes method of numerical integration, Shamir's secret sharing scheme in cryptography, and Reed–Solomon error correction in coding theory.

For equispaced nodes, Lagrange interpolation is susceptible to Runge's phenomenon of large oscillation.
Nuclear Polynesian languages
Nuclear Polynesian refers to those languages comprising the Samoic and the Eastern Polynesian branches of the Polynesian group of Austronesian languages.

The Eastern Polynesian group comprises two major subgroups: Rapa Nui, spoken on Easter Island, and Central-Eastern, which is itself composed of Rapan, and the Marquesic and Tahitic languages.

Nuclear Polynesian is differentiated, among Polynesian languages, by its distinguishing characteristics from the Tongic languages spoken in most of Tonga and in Niue.

Rapa language
Rapa, also known as Mangaia, is an Eastern Polynesian language spoken on Rapa Iti in French Polynesia, and on Mangaia in the Cook Islands. There are three varieties of Rapa currently being spoken in French Polynesia: Old Rapa, Reo Rapa and New Rapa. Old Rapa has been mostly replaced by Reo Rapa, a mix of the more commonly spoken Tahitian and Old Rapa. New Rapa – revitalized Old Rapa – is commonly spoken by middle-aged and younger speakers. Rapa is a critically endangered language, and there are only around 300 speakers of Reo Rapa, with only 15% of them able to speak Old Rapa.
It may be more vibrant on Mangaia, but there the population has been declining for half a century due to emigration.
Juan de la Cruz Benavente
Juan de la Cruz Benavente (c. 1818 – 27 March 1876) was a Bolivian lawyer and politician who served as minister of government and foreign affairs from 1862 to 1863. He previously served as minister of public instruction and foreign affairs from 1854 to 1857. In 1863, he was named Bolivia's Minister Plenipotentiary in Peru and was charged with the negotiations that led to the signing of the Treaty of Defensive Alliance with Peru on February 6, 1873.

Cabinet of Bolivia
Council of Ministers of Bolivia, or Cabinet of Bolivia, is part of the executive branch of the Bolivian government, consisting of the heads of the variable number of government ministries. The Council of Ministers are ministers of state and conduct the day-to-day business of public administration within Bolivia. The President of Bolivia may freely reorganize the executive branch, with the most recent comprehensive reorganization occurring in February 2009. Since then, the Ministry for the Legal Defense of the State has become the independent office of Solicitor General, and the Ministry of Communication has been created.
Novoraychikhinsk
Novoraychikhinsk is an urban locality (a work settlement) under the administrative jurisdiction of Progress Urban Okrug in Amur Oblast, Russia. Population:  2,143 (2010 Census); 2,948 (2002 Census); 3,756 (1989 Soviet census).

Amur Oblast
Amur Oblast (/əˈmʊər ˈɒblæst/) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located on the banks of the Amur and Zeya rivers in the Russian Far East. The oblast borders Heilongjiang province of the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the south.

The administrative center of the oblast, the city of Blagoveshchensk, is one of the oldest settlements in the far east of the country, founded in 1856. It is a traditional center of trade and gold mining. The territory is accessed by two railways: the Trans-Siberian Railway and the Baikal–Amur Mainline. As of the 2021 Census, the oblast's population was 766,912.
Dynamic pressure
In fluid dynamics, dynamic pressure (denoted by q or Q and sometimes called velocity pressure) is the quantity defined by:

where (in SI units):

q is the dynamic pressure in pascals (i.e., N/m2),

ρ (Greek letter rho) is the fluid mass density (e.g. in kg/m3), and

u is the flow speed in m/s.

It can be thought of as the fluid's kinetic energy per unit volume.

For incompressible flow, the dynamic pressure of a fluid is the difference between its total pressure and static pressure. From Bernoulli's law, dynamic pressure is given by

where p0 and ps are the total and static pressures, respectively.

Newton (unit)
The newton (symbol: N) is the unit of force in the International System of Units (SI). Expressed in terms of SI base units, it is 1 kg⋅m/s2, the force that accelerates a mass of one kilogram at one metre per second squared.

The unit is named after Isaac Newton in recognition of his work on classical mechanics, specifically his second law of motion.
1997 Tour de Langkawi
The 1997 Tour de Langkawi was the second edition of the Tour de Langkawi, a cycling stage race that took place in Malaysia. It started on 13 February in Kota Kinabalu and ended on 24 February in Langkawi. The race was sanctioned by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI) as a 2.5 category race.

Italian Luca Scinto won the race, Jens Voigt of Germany second and Alberto Elli third. Scinto also won the points classification and mountains classification of the race. MG Maglificio–Technogym won the team classification of the race.

Langkawi
Langkawi, officially known as Langkawi, the Jewel of Kedah (Malay: Langkawi Permata Kedah), is a duty-free island and an archipelago of 99 islands (plus five small islands visible only at low tide in the Strait of Malacca) located some 30 kilometres (19 mi) off the coast of northwestern Malaysia and a few kilometres south of Ko Tarutao, adjacent to the Thai border. Politically, it is an administrative district of Kedah, with Kuah as its largest town. Langkawi was developed as a tourist destination in the 1980s, and Pantai Cenang is the island's most popular beach and tourist area.
Sha'ab, Israel
Sha'ab (Arabic: شعب; Hebrew: שַׁעַבּ; meaning "The spur") is an Arab town and local council in the Northern District of Israel. It has an area of 5,442 dunams (6.4 km2 (2.5 sq mi)) of land under its jurisdiction. In 2023 its population was 7,645.

Northern District (Israel)
The Northern District (Hebrew: מחוז הצפון, romanized: Mekhoz HaTzafon; Arabic: منطقة الشمال, romanized: Minṭaqat ash-Shamāl) is one of Israel's six administrative districts. The Northern District has a land area of 4,473 km2, making it the second largest district in Israel.

The Golan Heights has been run as a sub-district of the North District of Israel since the 1981 Golan Heights Law was passed, although the claim is only recognized by the United States while United Nations Security Council condemned the annexation in its Resolution 497 without enforcing it. The Golan Heights covers a land area of 1,154 km2 and the remainder of the Northern District covers 3,324 km2 (3,484 km2 including water).
Santucho
Santucho is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Carlos Santucho (born 1985), Uruguayan soccer player

Mario Roberto Santucho (1936–1976), Argentine revolutionary and guerrilla combatant

Mario Roberto Santucho
Mario Roberto Agustín Santucho (12 August 1936 – 19 July 1976) was an Argentine political militant, founder of the Partido Revolucionario de los Trabajadores (Workers' Revolutionary Party, PRT) and leader of Argentina's largest Marxist guerrilla group, the Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (People's Revolutionary Army, ERP).

Santucho was killed by the Argentine Armed Forces in a shootout in Villa Martelli (Buenos Aires Province) on 19 July 1976.
1989 in Japan
Events in the year 1989 in Japan. In the history of Japan, it marks the final year of the Shōwa period, Shōwa 64, upon the death of Emperor Shōwa on January 7, and the beginning of the Heisei period, Heisei 1 (平成元年 Heisei gannen, gannen means "first year"), from January 8 under the reign of his eldest son, the current Emperor Emeritus. Thus, 1989 corresponds to the transition between Shōwa and Heisei periods in the Japanese calendar.

1989 was the first year of Heisei era in Japan as well as the all-time peak of the Nikkei 225 stock market average until being surpassed in 2024.

Tomoyuki Sugano
Tomoyuki Sugano (菅野 智之, Sugano Tomoyuki; born October 11, 1989) is a Japanese professional baseball pitcher for the Colorado Rockies of Major League Baseball (MLB). He has previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Baltimore Orioles, and in Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) for the Yomiuri Giants. Sugano is a three-time winner of the Central League Most Valuable Player Award and a two-time winner of the Eiji Sawamura Award.
Dick Kenworthy
Richard Lee Kenworthy (April 1, 1941 – April 22, 2010) was a third baseman  in Major League Baseball who played for the Chicago White Sox (1962, 1964–1968). Listed at 5' 9", 170 lb., Kenworthy batted and threw right-handed. He was born in Red Oak, Iowa, United States.

Kenworthy was signed by the White Sox in 1961 out of the University of Missouri.  He was assigned immediately to Class-A Clinton C-Sox, where he hit 22 home runs, a season team-record since then. Although Kenworthy finally caught on in the majors, he had to endure five more failed tryouts with Chicago, serving as a backup for Don Buford and Pete Ward.

In a six-season career, Kenworthy was a .215 hitter (54-for-251) with four home runs and 13 RBI in 125 games, including 12 runs, six doubles and one triple.

Kenworthy died in Kansas City, Missouri at the age of 69.

Clinton LumberKings
The Clinton LumberKings are a collegiate summer baseball team of the Prospect League. They are located in Clinton, Iowa, and play their home games at NelsonCorp Field. From 1956 to 2020, they were members of Minor League Baseball's Midwest League. With Major League Baseball's reorganization of the minor leagues after the 2020 season, Clinton was not selected to continue in affiliated baseball.

The LumberKings play in the Prospect League's Western Conference – Northwest Division along with the Burlington Bees, Illinois Valley Pistol Shrimp, and Quincy Doggy Paddlers.
Scotstown
Scotstown (Irish: Baile an Scotaigh) is a village in the townland of Bough (Irish: An Bhoth, meaning 'place of huts') in north County Monaghan, Ireland. Scotstown is located in the parish of Tydavnet, along the Monaghan section of the River Blackwater, Scotstown being the village closest to the river's source. Scotstown is centred in the townland of Bough, but extends into Carrowhatta, Teraverty,  Drumdesco and Stracrunnion townlands.

Slieve Beagh
Slieve Beagh (Irish: Sliabh Beatha) is a mountainous area straddling the border between County Monaghan in the Republic of Ireland and County Fermanagh and County Tyrone in Northern Ireland. A point just east of its summit is the highest point in Monaghan; however the true summit is on the Fermanagh-Tyrone border. The point where the three counties meet, is referred to as the "Three County Hollow".
2019 Men's Junior World Handball Championship
The 2019 IHF Men's Junior World Championship (under-21) was the 22nd edition of the tournament, held from 16 to 28 July 2019 in Vigo and Pontevedra, Spain. It was the second time that Spain stage the competition, and the fifteenth time that it was held in Europe.

France secured their second title after defeating Croatia in the final.

Vigo
Vigo (Galician: [ˈbiɣʊ], locally [ˈbiħʊ]) is a city and municipality in Spain, in the autonomous community of Galicia in the province of Pontevedra, and the capital of the comarca of Vigo. Located in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula, it sits on the southern shore of an inlet of the Atlantic Ocean, the Ria de Vigo, the southernmost of the Rías Baixas.

The municipality, with an area of 109.06 km2 (42.11 sq mi) and a population of 295,523 in 2024 including rural parishes, is the most populous municipality in Galicia, and the 14th-most-populous in Spain. The area of the municipality includes the Cíes Islands, part of the Atlantic Islands of Galicia National Park.

Vigo is one of the region's primary economic agents, owing to the French Stellantis Vigo plant and to its port. Close to the Portugal–Spain border, Vigo is part of the Galicia–North Portugal Euroregion. The European Fisheries Control Agency is headquartered in Vigo.
Horace L. Calvo
Horace L. Calvo January 4, 1927 – June 3, 1991) was an American politician and jurist. He served as a member of the Illinois House of Representatives from 1969 to 1975 and was a justice of the Illinois Supreme Court from 1989 to 1991.

Born in Chicago, Calvo went to Springfield Community College, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, and Saint Louis University School of Law. Calvo was admitted to the Illinois bar even though he never had a law degree. He served in the United States Air Force from 1944 to 1947. Calvo practiced law in Granite City, Illinois. He was an Illinois assistant attorney general from 1961 to 1968. From 1969 until 1975, Calvo served in the Illinois House of Representatives and was a Democrat. In 1975, Calvo was appointed Illinois Circuit Court judge and then was appointed to the Illinois Appellate Court in 1987. From 1989 until his death in 1991, Calvo served on the Illinois Supreme Court. Calvo died of cancer in a hospital in Saint Louis, Missouri.

Saint Louis University School of Law
The Saint Louis University School of Law (also known as SLU Law) is the law school affiliated with Saint Louis University, a private Jesuit research university in Saint Louis, Missouri. The school has been American Bar Association approved since 1924 and is a member of the Association of American Law Schools.
Associazione Scouts Cattolici Italiani
The Associazione Scouts Cattolici Italiani (Association of Italian Catholic Scouts, ASCI) was a Catholic Scouting association active in Italy from 1916 to 1974, while being suspended under Fascism.

In 1974, after a long debate, ASCI was merged with the Associazione Guide Italiane (AGI), its female counterpart, started in 1943, to form the Associazione Guide e Scouts Cattolici Italiani (AGESCI), one of the first coeducational organizations in world Scouting. Many ASCI leaders who disagreed with the merger (and the principle of coeducation) formed the Associazione Italiana Guide e Scouts d'Europa Cattolici (AIGSEC) in 1976, along with former leaders of AGI and disgruntled members of AGESCI.

Girl Guides
Girl Guides (or Girl Scouts in the United States and some other countries) are organisations within the Scout Movement originally and largely still for girls and women only. The Girl Guides began in 1910 with the formation of The Girl Guides Association in the United Kingdom, following which, similar girl-only organisations were formed in other countries. Many girls and some organisations preferred to use the name Girl Scouts.
Joseph Kuo
Joseph Nan-Hong Kuo (Chinese: 郭南宏; Kaohsiung, 20 July 1935) is a Taiwanese film director best known for his Hong Kong-based kung fu films of the 1970s and 1980s.

His debut screenplay Ghost Lake was one of the earliest Taiwanese-language films. He later reshot the film.

Kung fu film
Kung fu film (Chinese: 功夫片; pinyin: Gōngfu piàn; Jyutping: Gung1fu1pin3) is a subgenre of martial arts films and Hong Kong action cinema set in the contemporary period and featuring realistic martial arts. It lacks the fantasy elements seen in wuxia, a related martial arts genre that uses historical settings based on ancient China. Swordplay is also less common in kung-fu films than in wuxia, and fighting is done through unarmed combat.

Kung fu films are an important product of Hong Kong cinema and the Western world, where it was exported. Studios in Hong Kong produce both wuxia and kung fu films.
David Peel Yates
Lieutenant-General Sir David Peel Yates, KCB, CVO, DSO*, OBE, DL, JP (10 July 1911 – 8 October 1978) was a senior British Army officer who served in the Second World War and reached high office during the 1960s.

Lieutenant-general (United Kingdom)
Lieutenant general (Lt Gen), formerly more commonly lieutenant-general, is a senior rank in the British Army and the Royal Marines. It is the equivalent of a multinational three-star rank; some British lieutenant generals sometimes wear three-star insignia, in addition to their standard insignia, when on multinational operations.

Lieutenant general is a superior rank to major general, but subordinate to a (full) general. The rank has a NATO rank code of OF-8, equivalent to a vice-admiral in the Royal Navy and an air marshal in the Royal Air Force (RAF) and the air forces of many Commonwealth countries.

The rank insignia for both the Army and the Royal Marines is a crown over a crossed sabre and baton. During the reign of Elizabeth II, the St Edward's Crown, commonly known as the Queen's Crown, was depicted. Before 1953, and again since the accession of Charles III in 2022, the Tudor Crown has been used.
Kiryak Shkurtov
Kiryak Hristov Shkurtov or Kiriak Shkurtov (Bulgarian: Киряк Христов Шкуртов) (1872 in Starichani, present-day  Lakkomata, Greece – 1965 in Plovdiv, Bulgaria) was a Bulgarian revolutionary, voivode of Internal Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organization in the region of Kostur, present-day Greece.

Revolutionary
A revolutionary is a person who either participates in, or advocates for, a revolution. The term revolutionary can also be used as an adjective to describe something producing a major and sudden impact on society.
Talkbiznow
Talkbiznow was a business networking site that was founded in 2008 and launched in August 2008. The site was a web-based business community and collaboration tool that provided business services for small businesses and professionals. Talkbiznow has been featured in the San Francisco Chronicle, Design Week, Sky News, The Financial Times, The Guardian, Times Online, Forbes, Fox Business Network, and The Daily Telegraph.

Collaboration tool
A collaboration tool helps people to collaborate. The purpose of a collaboration tool is to support a group of two or more individuals to accomplish a common goal or objective. Collaboration tools can be either of a non-technological nature such as paper, flipcharts, post-it notes or whiteboards. They can also include software tools and applications such as collaborative software.
Sabino dialect
Sabino is a Central Italian dialect spoken in Central Italy, precisely in an area which includes the northern part of the province of Aquila and the whole province of Rieti, with some linguistic islands in the province of Rome. It preserves the Late Latin vocalism, also known as archaic vocalism.

Central Italy
Central Italy (Italian: Italia centrale or Centro Italia) is one of the five official statistical regions of Italy used by the Italian National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT), a first-level NUTS region with code ITI, and a European Parliament constituency. As of 2025, it has over 11 million inhabitants.
Flag in Exile
Flag in Exile is a science fiction novel by American writer David Weber, first published in 1995. It is the fifth book in the  Honor Harrington series. In the story, the disgraced Honor enters a self-imposed exile on Grayson.

David Weber
David Mark Weber (born October 24, 1952) is an American science fiction and fantasy author. He has written several science-fiction and fantasy books series, the best-known of which is the Honor Harrington science-fiction series. His first novel, which he worked on with Steve White, sold in 1989 to Baen Books. Baen remains Weber's major publisher.