hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Blackdom, New Mexico
Blackdom is a historic freedom colony in Chaves County, New Mexico, United States with a population of 300 at its height in 1908 that was founded by African-American settlers in 1901 and abandoned in the mid-1920s. Founded by Frank and Ella Boyer under the requirements of the Homestead Act, the town experienced significant growth in its early years, with settlers from throughout the United States moving to the community. A drought starting in 1916 caused many of the settlers to relocate and the town became uninhabited in 1921. It is now considered a ghost town.

Freedmen's town
In the United States, a freedmen's town was an African American municipality or community built by freedmen, formerly enslaved people who were emancipated during and after the American Civil War. These towns emerged in a number of states, most notably Texas. In the Piedmont region of Virginia, they were known as freetowns, usually places near or bordering where formerly enslaved African Americans lived and worked on plantations under the system of chattel slavery, oftentimes on lands donated by former masters. They are also known as freedom colonies, from the title of a book by Sitton and Conrad.
Ken Peplowski
Kenneth Joseph Peplowski (May 23, 1959 – February 2, 2026) was an American jazz clarinetist and tenor saxophonist. He was known primarily for playing swing music. For over a decade, Peplowski recorded for Concord Records.

Swing music
Swing music is a style of jazz that developed in the United States during the late 1920s and early 1930s. It became nationally popular from the mid-1930s. Swing represents the most famous era of jazz as a genre of entertainment, before the emergence of modern jazz. Swing bands usually featured soloists who would improvise on the melody over the arrangement. The danceable swing style of big bands and bandleaders such as Fletcher Henderson and Benny Goodman was the dominant form of American popular music from 1935 to 1946, known as the swing era, when people were dancing the Lindy Hop. The verb "to swing" is also used as a term of praise for playing that has a strong groove or drive. Big band leaders of the swing era include Benny Goodman, Duke Ellington, Count Basie, Jimmie Lunceford, Cab Calloway, Benny Carter, Jimmy Dorsey, Tommy Dorsey, Earl Hines, Bunny Berigan, Harry James, Lionel Hampton, Glenn Miller, and Artie Shaw.
Hello Vietnam
"Hello Vietnam" is a song written by Tom T. Hall and recorded by American country singer Johnnie Wright in 1965. Its lyrics supported the Vietnam War. "Hello Vietnam" spent 20 weeks on the American Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart with three weeks at number one. The single, featuring vocals from Wright's wife, Kitty Wells, was Wright's most successful release on the US country music charts as a solo singer.

The song was used for the opening theme of the war film Full Metal Jacket. It was also used in the third part of Ken Burns' documentary series The Vietnam War.

The Vietnam War (TV series)
The Vietnam War is a 10-part American television documentary series about the Vietnam War produced and directed by Ken Burns and Lynn Novick, written by Geoffrey C. Ward, and narrated by Peter Coyote. The first episode premiered on PBS on September 17, 2017. This series is one of the few PBS series to carry a TV-MA rating.
Graigue, Dorrha
Graigue (An Ghráig in Irish) a townland in the civil parish of Dorrha in the Barony of Ormond Lower, County Tipperary, Ireland. It is located in the extreme north of the county, east of Rathcabbin and is one of 12 townlands in County Tipperary known as Graigue in English.

The Church of Ireland church building (1832) was financed by the Board of First Fruits. It and its graveyard are located within the enclosure of an early Christian monastic settlement.

The Dáil constituency of Offaly includes Graigue along with twenty four other electoral divisions within County Tipperary.

Dorrha
Dorrha (Irish: Dura) is a civil parish in the historical barony of Ormond Lower, County Tipperary, Ireland. It is located in the extreme north of County Tipperary and includes the settlement of Rathcabbin.
Sir Richard Cotton
Sir Richard Cotton (in or before 1497 – 1556), was a courtier in the court of Henry VIII of England. He came from Shropshire and began his career as a lawyer before entering the king's service. His elder brother George Cotton was in charge of the household of the king's son Henry, Duke of Richmond at Sheriff Hutton Castle, and Richard served there as comptroller. The king granted him property in Bedhampton, Hampshire and Bourne, Lincolnshire.
He became privy councillor in May 1552. He was knight of the shire for Hampshire in 1553 and Cheshire in 1554.

Privy council
A privy council is a body that advises a head of state, typically, but not always, in the context of a monarchical government. The term "privy" (from French privé) signifies private or secret. Consequently, a privy council, more common in the past, existed as a group of a ruling monarch's most trusted court advisors. Its purpose was to consistently provide confidential advice on matters of state. Despite the abolition of monarchy, some privy councils remained operational, while others were individually disbanded, allowing the monarchical system to continue to exist without a secret crown council.
Khlong Bang Tan railway station
Khlong Bang Tan railway station (Thai: คลองบางตาล) is a railway station located in Nong Kop Subdistrict, Ban Pong District, Ratchaburi. It is a class 3 railway station located 58.979 km (36.6 mi) from Thon Buri railway station.

Thon Buri railway station
Thon Buri railway station (Thai: สถานีรถไฟธนบุรี) formerly known as Bangkok Noi railway station (สถานีรถไฟบางกอกน้อย), is a class 1 railway station and the current terminus of the Thon Buri Branch Line in Bangkok. Near the station is a railway depot that maintains five functional steam locomotives, which are operated on four special occasions each year. Thon Buri station is the only station in Bangkok that where railway semaphore signals (although unused) are still present on the station grounds.

Despite its name, the station is not located in Thon Buri district, which instead is located in Bangkok Noi district.
Pittsburgh Piranhas
The Pittsburgh Piranhas was a semi-pro basketball team that began in 1994 as part of the Continental Basketball Association (CBA). The team played its home games at the A.J. Palumbo Center at Duquesne University in Pittsburgh. From 1983 to 1985 the Piranhas were known as the Louisville Catbirds and then the La Crosse Catbirds from 1985 until moving to Pittsburgh in 1994. During their first year in Pittsburgh, the Piranhas made it to the CBA Championship. The team was defeated in a best of seven series against the Yakima Sun Kings.

The team lasted one season.

La Crosse Catbirds
The La Crosse Catbirds was an American basketball team based in La Crosse, Wisconsin and member of the Continental Basketball Association (CBA).  The Catbirds were the 1990 and 1992 CBA champions.  The team moved to La Crosse from Louisville in 1985, and left La Crosse for Pittsburgh in May 1994.  La Crosse would see the CBA return in 1995 when the La Crosse Bobcats took to the court.

Widely known as the training ground for future NBA coach Flip Saunders, who led the team to both championships.

Several future and previous NBA players played for the Catbirds, including Kenny Battle, Russell Cross, Mark Davis, Derrick Gervin, Jaren Jackson, Kevin Lynch, Dennis Nutt, David Rivers, Elliot Perry and Andre Turner.
Strunakill Bank
The Stunakill Bank is a shoal approximately .65 mi (0.56 nmi; 1.05 km) west of The Point of Ayre, Isle of Man.

The bank is denoted on maritime chart AC 2094 (at position 54°25.02′N 4°22.6′W﻿ / ﻿54.41700°N 4.3767°W﻿ / 54.41700; -4.3767) Kirkcudbright to the Mull of Galloway & Isle of Man; AC 1826 Irish Sea Eastern Part; AC 2696 Ramsey Harbour; SC 5613.21.1 Isle of Man East Coast. Ramsey ; Imray C62 Irish Sea; Imray Y70 Isle of Man (Harbour Plan of Ramsey).

Other notable sand bars and banks in the area are the Whitestone Bank, the Ballacash Bank, the Bahama Bank and the King William Banks.

Mull of Galloway
The Mull of Galloway (Scottish Gaelic: Maol nan Gall, pronounced [mɯːlˠ̪ nəŋ ˈkaulˠ̪]; grid reference NX158303) is the southernmost point of Scotland. It is situated in Wigtownshire, Dumfries and Galloway, at the end of the Rhins of Galloway peninsula, also being the most southerly hill.

The Mull has one of the last remaining sections of natural coastal habitat on the Galloway coast and as such supports a wide variety of plant and animal species. It is now a nature reserve managed by the RSPB. Mull means rounded headland or promontory.

The Mull of Galloway Trail, one of Scotland's Great Trails, is a 59 km (37 mi) long-distance footpath that runs from the Mull of Galloway via Stranraer to Glenapp near Ballantrae, where the trail links with the Ayrshire Coastal Path.
Kevin Meddings
Kevin Meddings (born 12 October 1941) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Footscray in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Meddings spent most of the 1960s playing for Yarraville in the Victorian Football Association but in the 1962 season played at Ted Whitten's Footscray. After getting his clearance, the full-forward made his first and only VFL appearance in a six-point loss to Essendon at Windy Hill. He represented the VFA at the interstate arena, most notably in the 1966 Hobart Carnival.

1966 Hobart Carnival
The 1966 Hobart Carnival was the 16th edition of the Australian National Football Carnival, an Australian football interstate competition. It was the final time that Tasmania hosted a carnival.

It was competed by two Victorian sides, one from the Victorian Football League (VFL) and another from the Victorian Football Association (VFA), as well as South Australia, Western Australia and the home state Tasmania.

The VFL topped the ladder as the only undefeated team and Peter Hudson was the leading goal-kicker with 20 goals.
Lecithocera fornacalis
Lecithocera fornacalis is a moth in the family Lecithoceridae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1911. It is found in Sri Lanka.

The wingspan is 17–19 mm. The forewings are rather dark purplish fuscous, in males lighter in the disc. The stigmata are represented by blackish-fuscous spots, the first discal small and roundish, the plical beneath it, larger and irregular, these two edged with whitish ochreous posteriorly and sometimes confluent, the second discal represented by two small transversely placed spots, connected and upper edged laterally with whitish ochreous. In males, there is a distinct whitish-ochreous slightly curved transverse line at four-fifths, dilated on the costa, indented above the middle, in females represented by a costal spot only. The hindwings are fuscous.

Lecithoceridae
The Lecithoceridae, or long-horned moths, are a family of small moths described by Simon Le Marchand in 1947. Although lecithocerids are found throughout the world, the great majority are found in the Indomalayan realm and the southern part of the Palaearctic realm.
Ema Burgić
Ema Burgić  (born 22 August 1992) is a Bosnian-born American professional tennis player.

In her career, she won four singles and 13 doubles titles on the ITF Circuit. On 3 October 2016, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 466. On 17 October 2016, she peaked at No. 145 in the WTA doubles rankings.

Playing for Bosnia and Herzegovina, Burgić has a win–loss record of 11–11.

She won her first tournament on the ITF Circuit in 2008 as a 16-year-old, at a $10k event in La Vall d'Uixó, Spain.

In June 2015, she married fellow tennis player Attila Bucko. The couple divorced in 2023. Ema Burgić returned to professional tennis in 2024 and became a United States citizen in May.

La Vall d'Uixó
La Vall d'Uixó, known simply as la Vall, and unofficially as Vall de Uxó, is a town and municipality situated in eastern Spain, in the Valencian province of Castelló. La Vall is located 25 km to the south of the province's capital Castelló, 45 km to the north of the community's capital Valencia and 8 km to the Mediterranean Sea, and sits at 118 m above sea level.
Primorsko-Akhtarsk air base
Primorsko-Akhtarsk is an air base of the Russian Aerospace Forces as part of the 4th Air and Air Defence Forces Army, Southern Military District.

The base was first used in 1954 by a regiment (1689th) of the Yeysk aviation school. Today it is home to the 960th Assault Aviation Regiment (960th ShAP) which has two squadrons of Sukhoi Su-25SM/SM3 (NATO: Frogfoot-A)

The 559th Bomber Aviation Regiment deployed here from Morozovsk air base with their Sukhoi Su-34s as part of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.

Russian Aerospace Forces
The Russian Aerospace Forces or Russian Air and Space Forces (VKS) comprise the aerial, space warfare, and missile defence branches of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. It was established on 1 August 2015 with the merging of the Russian Air Force (VVS) and the Russian Aerospace Defence Forces (VVKO), as recommended by the Ministry of Defence to improve efficiency and logistical support. The VKS is headquartered in Moscow.
Forth, South Lanarkshire
Forth is a village in South Lanarkshire, Scotland with a population of around 3,500 people. It is situated near Lanark, and stands at around 950 feet (290 metres) above sea level. It is on the A706 road between Lanark (about 12 km to the south west) and Whitburn (a similar distance to the north). It is to the south-east of Climpy.

South Lanarkshire
South Lanarkshire (Scots: Sooth Lanrikshire; Scottish Gaelic: Siorrachd Lannraig a Deas) is one of 32 unitary authorities of Scotland. It borders the south-east of the Glasgow City council area and contains some of Greater Glasgow's suburban towns, as well as many rural towns and villages. It also shares borders with Dumfries and Galloway, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, North Lanarkshire, the Scottish Borders and West Lothian. It includes most of the historic county of Lanarkshire.

The administrative centre of South Lanarkshire is Hamilton, with the seat of the local authority, South Lanarkshire Council, located at Lanark County Buildings.
Levin railway station
Levin railway station is a station on the North Island Main Trunk serving Levin in the Horowhenua District of New Zealand. It is served by the Capital Connection long-distance commuter train between Wellington and Palmerston North. Prior to the service's cessation in 2012, it was also served by the Overlander long-distance train between Wellington and Auckland.

Horowhenua District
Horowhenua District is a territorial authority district on the west coast of the North Island of New Zealand, administered by Horowhenua District Council. Located north of Wellington and Kāpiti, it stretches from slightly north of the town of Ōtaki in the south to just south of Himatangi in the north, and from the coast to the top of the Tararua Range. It is in the Manawatū-Whanganui local government region. The name Horowhenua is Māori for landslide.

Levin is the main town and the seat of the district council. Other towns include Foxton, Shannon and Tokomaru. The population of the district is 38,400 (June 2025).
Lynda Chouiten
Lynda Chouiten (ليندة شويتن) an Algerian writer in French. She is the author of several books. She focuses on French and francophone cultures and literatures, postcolonial culture and literature, comparative literature, travel literature, Orientalism, Cultural representation, literary theory, British literature and civilization (especially Victorian), discourse and power, and gender studies.

Chouiten has a PhD in French Studies from the Moore Institute at the National University of Ireland, Galway. She has been head of the Scientific Committee of the Department of Foreign Languages & Literatures (University of Boumerdes) since September 2015.

Her novel, Une Valse, won the 2019 Assia Djebar Great Prize.

University of Boumerdès
University of Boumerdes (Arabic: جامعة بومرداس, French: Université de Boumerdès), or M’Hamed Bougara University of Boumerdès (Arabic: جامعة امحمد بوڨرة-بومرداس), abbreviated as UMBB is a university located in the center of Algeria in the Boumerdès Province. It was established in 1998.
Hundred of McCallum
The Hundred of McCallum is a cadastral hundred of the County of Buckingham, centered on the rural locality of McCallum and the Ngarkat area in South Australia. It was proclaimed by Governor Malcolm Barclay-Harvey in 1939 and named for Thomas McCallum, member of the South Australian parliament upper house and pastoral pioneer in the Ngarkat area.

South Australian Legislative Council
The Legislative Council is the upper house of the bicameral Parliament of South Australia, the lower house being the House of Assembly.

Its central purpose is to act as a house of review for legislation passed through the House of Assembly. It sits in Parliament House in the state capital, Adelaide. The upper house has 22 members elected for staggered eight-year terms by proportional representation, with half of the members facing re-election every four years. It is elected in a similar manner to its federal counterpart, the Senate. Casual vacancies—where a member resigns or dies—are filled by a joint sitting of both houses, who then elect a replacement.
COMITIA
COMITIA (Japanese: コミティア, Hepburn: Komitia) is a doujinshi convention for original doujin (self-published) works held in various locations across Japan. COMITIA is typically held four times per year in Tokyo, and 2–3 times per year in Niigata (since 1991), Nagoya (since January 1993), and the Kansai region (since April 1993). Less regular events are also hosted in Sapporo (since 2014), Tōhoku (since 2015), and Kitakyushu (since 2017). As an event series focusing on non-derivative work, the sale of fan art, fanzines, fan fiction, and other parody material of existing copyrighted franchises is prohibited. It is the largest convention focused completely on original works in Japan.

Various high-profile manga artists, such as Keiichi Arawi, Kenshin Shinzato, and Barasui have previously exhibited at COMITIA.

Tōhoku region
The Tōhoku region (東北地方, Tōhoku-chihō; IPA: [toːhokɯ̥ tɕiꜜhoː]), Northeast region, Ōu region (奥羽地方, Ōu-chihō), or Northeast Japan (東北日本, Tōhoku Nihon) consists of the northeastern portion of Honshu, the largest island of Japan. This traditional region consists of six prefectures (ken): Akita, Aomori, Fukushima, Iwate, Miyagi, and Yamagata.

Tōhoku retains a reputation as a remote, scenic region with a harsh climate. In the 20th century, tourism became a major industry in the Tōhoku region.
Alessandro Florenzi
Alessandro Florenzi Cavaliere OMRI (born 11 March 1991) is an Italian former professional footballer who played as a full-back.

Florenzi started his professional club career with Roma in 2011, but spent the 2011–12 season on loan with Crotone. Florenzi was appointed as Roma's new captain following the departure of Daniele De Rossi in 2019. He later had spells on loan with Spanish side Valencia, and French side Paris Saint-Germain, winning the Trophée des Champions and the Coupe de France with the latter club during the 2020–21 season.

At international level, he was a member of the Italy national under-21 football team that finished second in the 2013 UEFA European Under-21 Championship, and also represented the Italy senior side at UEFA Euro 2016 and UEFA Euro 2020, winning the latter tournament.

Empoli FC
Empoli Football Club is an Italian professional football club based in Empoli, Tuscany. Founded in 1920, the side is part of a select group of Italian football clubs not based in a provincial capital city that have participated in Serie A.

Empoli has spent most of its history in professional football. Empoli competed in European competitions once, in which they were eliminated in the qualification stage of 2007–08 UEFA Cup.
GTE mainStreet
GTE mainStreet, also known as mainStreet USA, was one of the first interactive television projects.

Internet style content was available through this television service before the internet was widely accessible. mainStreet started in the mid-1980s and matured technically with rich new content from 1990 to 1998. The explosive popularity of Netscape and the World Wide Web in the late 1990s made mainStreet obsolete. The product worked via a set-top box and utilised the customer's telephone line to send signals from the TV remote to GTE's central computers, which in turn sent the programming downstream over GTE's fiber-optic cables and the local cable television provider's coax infrastructure. As such, the images appeared much more quickly than they did on a PC with a modem at the time.

Set-top box
A set-top box (STB), also known as a cable box, receiver, or simply box, and historically television decoder or a converter, is an information appliance device that generally contains a TV tuner input and displays output to a television set, turning the source signal into content in a form that can then be displayed on the television screen or other display device. It is designed to be placed alongside or "on top" (hence the name) of a television set.

Set-top boxes are used in cable television, satellite television, terrestrial television and Internet Protocol television systems, as well as other uses such as digital media players ("streaming boxes"). Alternatives to set-top boxes are the smaller dongles, and television sets with built-in TV tuners.
The Instrumentals: The Best of the Chrysalis Years
Instrumentals: The Best of the Chrysalis Years is a 2003 compilation of American guitarist Leo Kottke's releases on the Chrysalis label. It includes previously unreleased tracks. The  Chrysalis  release Essential covers the same time period, presenting a different line up of tracks.

Chrysalis Records
Chrysalis Records (/ˈkrɪsəlɪs/) is a British independent record label that was founded in 1968. The name is both a reference to the pupal stage of a butterfly and a combination of its founders' names, Chris Wright and Terry Ellis. It started as the Ellis-Wright Agency.
WikipediaFS
WikipediaFS is a virtual filesystem which allows users to view and edit the articles of any MediaWiki-based site as if they were real files on a local disk drive. This enables a user to edit articles directly with any text editor. WikipediaFS is developed primarily by Mathieu Blondel on SourceForge.net.

WikipediaFS is implemented in Python and uses the FUSE kernel module. The file system works by lazily downloading and uploading article sourcetexts — only sending HTTP requests to the selected site when a file is accessed. (Reading a file corresponds to a GET HTTP request, writing to a POST HTTP request.)

Text editor
A text editor is interactive software that allows a user to edit plain text, such as Notepad.

As with any software, a text editor can be installed onto a  system, but often a relatively simple text editor is included in a default installation of an operating system (OS) since editing text files is a relatively basic need for any system and since a simple text editor can be provided at relatively low cost.

As source code is text, any text editor can be used to edit code, but a source-code editor is designed with features specifically intended for editing code. Some provide integration with software development tools and provide a debugging environment.
Kusaka Station
Kusaka Station (日下駅, Kusaka-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the village of Hidaka, Takaoka District, Kōchi Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by JR Shikoku and has the station number "K09".

Takaoka District, Kōchi
Takaoka (高岡郡, Takaoka-gun) is a district located in Kōchi Prefecture, Japan.

As of the Shimanto merger but with 2003 population statistics, the district has an estimated population of 68,854 and a density of 45.1 persons per km2. The total area is 1,527.65 square kilometres (589.83 sq mi).