hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fuzan nippō
Fuzan nippō (釜山日報; Korean: 부산일보; RR: Busan Ilbo; MR: Pusan Ilbo) was a Japanese-language newspaper published in Busan, Korea from 1905 to 1945. It previously went by the names Chōsen nippō (朝鮮日報; 조선일보; different from the modern Chosun Ilbo) and Chōsen jiji shinpō (朝鮮時事新報; 조선시사신보).

It was one of the most prominent Japanese newspapers in Korea during the Japanese colonial period, alongside the Keijō nippō and Chōsen shinbun. Upon the 1945 liberation of Korea, the newspaper's assets were seized by the United States and repurposed into the modern Busan Ilbo.

Digital copies are available, scanned and searchable, on the Korean Newspaper Archive. Many original copies of the newspaper from 1914 to 1944 are now stored in the Busan Simin Municipal Library, although some show signs of fire damage.

McCune–Reischauer
McCune–Reischauer (MR; /məˈkjuːn ˈraɪʃaʊ.ər/ mə-KEWN RYSHE-ow-ər) is a romanization system for the Korean language. It was first published in 1939 by George M. McCune and Edwin O. Reischauer. Significant work on the system was done by Korean linguists Choe Hyeon-bae, Jeong In-seop, and Kim Seon-gi.

According to Reischauer, McCune "persuaded the American Army Map Service to adopt [the McCune–Reischauer system], and through the Korean War it became the foundation for most current Romanizations of Korean place names."

A variant of McCune–Reischauer is currently used as the official system in North Korea. Another variant is currently used for standard romanization library catalogs in North America. On the other hand, South Korea formerly used yet another variant as its official system from 1984 to 2000, but replaced it with the Revised Romanization of Korean in 2000.
John Cooper (cricketer, born 1855)
John Frederick Cooper (14 February 1855 – 30 January 1928) was an English first-class cricketer and solicitor.

Cooper was born at Henley-on-Thames in February 1855. He was educated at Marlborough College, where he played for the school cricket team. He was described by Wisden as "a very good bat, plays in beautiful form, and has a very pretty and effective cut". His one first-class appearance came for the Marylebone Cricket Club against Hampshire at Southampton in 1881, being dismissed without scoring by Charles Young in the MCC's only innings. In addition to playing first-class cricket, Cooper also played minor matches for Shropshire and Wiltshire.

Cooper was admitted as a solicitor in 1879 and later became registrar for the County Court, in addition to holding the office of Town Clerk of Henley. He was for more than thirty years the secretary of the Henley Royal Regatta, having been appointed in 1881. Cooper died at Henley in January 1928, following a brief illness of three days.

Henley-on-Thames
Henley-on-Thames (/ˌhɛnli-/ ⓘ HEN-lee) is a town and civil parish on the River Thames, in the South Oxfordshire district, in Oxfordshire, England, 9 miles (14 km) northeast of Reading, 7 miles (11 km) west of Maidenhead, 23 miles (37 km) southeast of Oxford and 37 miles (60 km) west of London (by road), near the tripoint of Oxfordshire, Berkshire and Buckinghamshire. The population at the 2021 census was 12,186.
Bashneft-Ufaneftekhim
Bashneft-Ufaneftekhim is a large oil refinery located in Ufa, Russia, founded in 1957 by Chernikov. It specializes in the refining of several hydrocarbons, such as West Siberian oil, a high-sulfur oil blend from the Arlanskoye field, and gas condensate. The refinery produces various grades of fuel and petrochemicals.

Bashneft-Ufaneftekhim provides fuel and gas catalysis and aromatic hydrocarbon production. The refinery operates coking, hydrocracking, catalytic cracking, de-asphalting, visbreaking, and bitumen technology units.

Coking
Coking is the process of heating coal in the absence of oxygen to a temperature above 600 °C (1,112 °F) to drive off the volatile components of the raw coal, leaving behind a hard, strong, porous material with a high carbon content called coke. Coke is predominantly carbon. Its porous structure provides a high surface area, allowing it to burn more rapidly, much like how a bundle of tinder burns faster than a solid wooden log. As such, when a kilogram of coke is burned, it releases more heat than a kilogram of the original coal.
Dreaming Tree Wines
Dreaming Tree Wines is a line of wines created by the collaboration of award-winning Sonoma County winemaker Sean McKenzie and South African-American musician Dave Matthews in Geyserville, CA. The company was named after The Dreaming Tree, a track from the Dave Matthews Band's "Before These Crowded Streets" 1998 album.

Available nationwide and released in 2011, Dreaming Tree Wines contains a 2010 Central Coast Chardonnay, a 2009 North Coast Cabernet Sauvignon, and a 2012 North Coast Crush, a red blend wine.

Central Coast (California)
The Central Coast is an area of California, roughly spanning the coastal region between Point Mugu and Monterey Bay. It lies northwest of Los Angeles and south of the San Francisco Bay Area, and includes the rugged, rural, and sparsely populated stretch of coastline known as Big Sur.

From south to north, there are six counties that make up the Central Coast: Ventura, Santa Barbara, San Luis Obispo, Monterey, San Benito, and Santa Cruz.

The Central Coast is the location of the Central Coast American Viticultural Area.

Geographically, the actual midpoint of the California coast lies north of Santa Cruz, near Año Nuevo State Park in San Mateo County. Neither the popular use of the term Central Coast nor that of the California North Coast include the San Francisco Peninsula counties of San Mateo and San Francisco.
Eschatogonia angustiloba
Eschatogonia angustiloba is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) squamulose lichen in the family Ramalinaceae.  Formally described as a new species in 2008, it is distinguished by its very narrow, thread-like lobes that are typically only 0.1–0.3 mm wide, much narrower than those of the related E. prolifera. It forms loose patches of overlapping scales on tree bark and shows considerable chemical variation, with different populations containing distinct suites of secondary metabolites. The lichen is known from lowland and sub-montane tropical rainforests in Brazil, the Peruvian Amazon and Suriname, where it grows on the lower bark of standing tree trunks in undisturbed forest environments.

Peruvian Amazonia
Peruvian Amazonia (Spanish: Amazonía del Perú), informally known locally as the Peruvian jungle (Spanish: selva peruana) or just the jungle (Spanish: la selva), is the area of the Amazon rainforest in Peru, east of the Andes and Peru's borders with Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, and Bolivia. Peru has the second-largest portion of the Amazon rainforest after the Brazilian Amazon.
Ernest Bryson
Robert Ernest Bryson (30 March 1867 – 16 April 1942) was a Scottish composer and organist who spent much of his life in Oxton, Cheshire, England, working as a cotton merchant in Liverpool.  He was the founder-chairman and later President of the Rodewald Concert Society in Liverpool.

MPH Group
MPH Group Malaysia Sdn Bhd is a Malaysian group of companies best known for its book retailing and online retailing services as well as being involved in the printing, publishing and distribution of books and library services in Malaysia and Singapore. Its bookstore chain, MPH Bookstores Sdn Bhd, headquartered in Petaling Jaya, Selangor, has been among the largest in Malaysia after Popular. In 2020 MPH closed many of its bookstores in Malaysia and Singapore and concentrated its efforts on selling books via its online bookstore.
A Good Baby
A Good Baby is a 1999 American drama film directed by Katherine Dieckmann, making her directorial debut.  The film was produced by Lianne Halfon, Tom Carouso, Aileen Argentini and Derrick Tseng. The screenplay was written by Dieckmann and Leon Rooke. The film stars Henry Thomas as Raymond Toker, a young loner. Additional cast includes David Strathairn, Cara Seymour, Danny Nelson, Jayne Morgan, Allison Glenn, Jerry Foster, Jerry Rushing, Emilie Jacobs, and Hannah Grady.

Danny Nelson
Daniel Lee Nelson (born May 3, 1975 in Simi Valley, California, U.S.) was an American professional "Mid & Current School" Bicycle Motocross (BMX) racer whose prime competitive years are from 1993 to 2003. His nickname is "Thunder".
Frederick J. Work
Frederick Jerome Work (c. 1879 - 1942) was a collector, arranger ("harmonizer"), and composer of songs in the United States. He was part of a family of musicians and published a collection of African-American spirituals with his brother John Wesley Work.

He worked at Fisk University and with its Jubilee Singers and toured with another singing group he conducted. He played the piano. He was photographed at Albert Coombs Barnes home in 1940.

He was born in Nashville, Tennessee.

Fisk University
Fisk University is a private historically black liberal arts college in Nashville, Tennessee, United States. It was founded in 1866 and its 40-acre (16 ha) campus is a historic district listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

In 1930, Fisk became the first historically black institution to gain accreditation by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS). Fisk is the oldest institution for higher education in Nashville.
Territorial evolution of Poland
Poland is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus, and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north. The total area of Poland is 312,679 square kilometres (120,726 sq mi), making it the 69th largest country in the world and the ninth largest in Europe.

From a nucleus between the Oder and Vistula rivers on the North-Central European Plain, Poland has at its largest extent expanded as far as the Baltic, the Dnieper and the Carpathians, while in periods of weakness it has shrunk drastically and even ceased to exist.

Lubusz Land
Lubusz Land (Polish: Ziemia lubuska; German: Land Lebus) is a historical region and cultural landscape in Poland and Germany on both sides of the Oder river.

Originally the settlement area of the Lechites, the swampy area was located east of Brandenburg and west of Greater Poland, south of Pomerania and north of Lower Silesia and Lower Lusatia. Presently its eastern part lies within the Polish Lubusz Voivodeship, the western part with its historical capital Lebus (Lubusz) in the German state of Brandenburg.
Worbla
Worbla is a brand of thermoplastic modelling materials, popular among cosplayers for creating costumes, armor and props.
The name of the material is that of Worbla AG, a former synthetics manufacturer in Worblaufen, Switzerland, now part of the Gurit group. The material is marketed by the German company Cast4Art Vertriebsgesellschaft.

Ittigen
Ittigen is a municipality in the Bern-Mittelland administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

The municipality was formed in 1983 when it and Ostermundigen were separated from territory once part of Bolligen.
Denmark in the Eurovision Song Contest 1999
Denmark was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 1999 with the song "This Time I Mean It", written by Ebbe Ravn, and performed by Trine Jepsen and Michael Teschl. The Danish participating broadcaster, DR, organised Dansk Melodi Grand Prix 1999 in order to select its entry for the contest. The broadcaster returned to the contest after a one-year absence following their relegation from 1998 as one of the six entrants with the least total average points over the preceding five contests.

Five songs competed the national final where "Denne gang" performed by the Trine Jepsen and Michael Teschl was the winner as decided upon through jury and public voting. The song was later translated from Danish to English for Eurovision and was titled "This Time I Mean It".

Denmark competed in the Eurovision Song Contest which took place on 29 May 1999. Performing during the show in position 9, Denmark placed eighth out of the 23 participating countries, scoring 71 points.

DR1
DR1 (DR Et) is the flagship television channel of the Danish Broadcasting Corporation (DR). It became Denmark's first television station when it began broadcasting in 1951 – at first only for an hour a day, three times a week.

Besides its productions, the channel also broadcasts co-productions with other Nordic countries through Nordvision and numerous programmes from English-speaking countries like the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia, all in the original language with Danish subtitles. Its news programme is called TV Avisen.
HMS Active (F171)
HMS Active was a Type 21-class frigate of the Royal Navy, built by Vosper Thornycroft at Southampton, England. She was the first of the class completed with Exocet missile launchers installed in the 'B' position, located forward of the ship’s superstructure. This upgrade significantly enhanced her anti-ship capabilities compared to earlier Type 21s, which were originally designed without missile launchers.

The class was conceived during the 1960s as a fast, lightly armed frigate, built to commercial standards to reduce costs and improve speed. Vosper Thornycroft was responsible for constructing all Type 21 frigates, with the shipyard at Southampton chosen for its expertise in producing smaller warships, enabling rapid construction and delivery.

Early in her career, Active undertook a range of peacetime duties including fleet exercises, patrols, and showing the flag missions. Her wartime service during the Falklands conflict later confirmed her value in frontline operations.

Showing the flag
Showing the flag is the practice of deploying warships on distant cruises to neutral or foreign waters in order to demonstrate military power, national prestige, power projection, and influence on international politics.

Unlike direct aggression, showing the flag functions as an instrument of gunboat diplomacy and soft power, aimed at supporting allies or deterring potential adversaries without engaging in open armed conflict.
Rohan Kanhai
Rohan Bholalall Kanhai (born 26 December 1935) is a Guyanese former cricketer of Indo-Guyanese origin, who represented the West Indies in 79 Test matches. He is widely considered to be one of the best batsmen of the 1960s. Kanhai featured on several great West Indian teams, playing alongside Sir Garfield Sobers, Roy Fredericks, Lance Gibbs, Clive Lloyd, and Alvin Kallicharran among others. C. L. R. James wrote in the New World Journal that Kanhai was "the high peak of West Indian cricketing development", and praised his "adventuresome" attitude. Kanhai was part of the West Indian team that won the inaugural, 1975 Cricket World Cup without losing a match.

Northerns cricket team
Northerns (formerly North Eastern Transvaal and Northern Transvaal) has played first-class cricket in South Africa since December 1937. Its territory is the area north of Johannesburg, including Pretoria.

For the purposes of the SuperSport Series, Northerns has merged with Easterns (formerly Eastern Transvaal) to form the Titans.
Levante UD (beach soccer)
Levante Unión Deportiva Fútbol Playa is a beach soccer club based in Valencia, Spain. Founded in 2013, the team is the official beach soccer department of Levante UD association football club. The club competes in the Spanish National Beach Soccer League (Liga Nacional de Fútbol Playa), Copa RFEF and international competitions.

The club has won two league titles and as of February 2020, is ranked as the second best club side in Europe.

Beach soccer
Beach soccer, also known as beach football, sand football or sand soccer, is a variant of association football played on a beach or some form of sand between two teams of five players each.

Association football has long been played informally on beaches. Beach soccer was introduced in 1992 as an effort to codify rules for the game by the founders of Beach Soccer Worldwide, a company set up to develop the sport and responsible for the majority of its tournaments. FIFA has held the Beach Soccer World Cup biennially since 2005.

The first international matches were played in 1993 for men and 2009 for women. As of July 2023, there are 193 men's and 64 women's clubs and 101 men's and 23 women's national teams sorted in the Beach Soccer Worldwide Rankings.
Evergreen G-class container ship
The Evergreen G class is a series of 11 container ships built for Evergreen Marine by Imabari Shipbuilding in Japan. The maximum theoretical capacity of these ships is in the range of 20,124 to 20,388 standard shipping containers (twenty-foot equivalent unit TEU).

Twenty-foot equivalent unit
The twenty-foot equivalent unit (abbreviated TEU or teu) is a general unit of cargo capacity, often used for container ships and container ports. It is based on the volume of a 20-foot-long (6.1 m) intermodal container, a standard-sized metal box that can be easily transferred between different modes of transportation, such as ships, trains, and trucks.
Vangelis Angelou
Evangelos "Vangelis" Angelou (alternate spelling: Vaggelis Aggelou) (Greek: Ευάγγελος "Βαγγέλης" Αγγέλου; born November 11, 1962, in Chalkida, Greece), is a Greek retired professional basketball player and current professional basketball coach. At 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m) in height, Angelou played at the point guard position.

Chalcis
Chalcis (/ˈkælsɪs/; Ancient Greek and Katharevousa: Χαλκίς, romanized: Chalkís), also called Chalkida or Halkida (Modern Greek: Χαλκίδα, pronounced [xalˈciða]), is the chief city of the island of Euboea in Greece, situated on the Euripus Strait at its narrowest point. The name is preserved from antiquity and is derived from the Greek χαλκός (copper, bronze), though there is no trace of any mines in the area. In the Late Middle Ages, it was known as Negropont(e), an Italian name that has also been applied to the entire island of Euboea.
D'Arcy Baker
D'Arcy Richard Baker (1877–1932) was a British businessman and racing driver.

Baker was the managing director of Fiat in the UK.

In the early 1900s, he extensively renovated Hedsor House, a mansion he owned in Hedsor, Buckinghamshire. However, the expense led to his bankruptcy, and upon his death, his estate passed to his bankers, and then to the Shepherd family in 1934.

In 1908, at Brooklands, Frank Newton drove a 90hp Napier motor car for its Australian owner Selwyn Edge, who had a £500 bet with Baker that his car could go faster than Felice Nazzaro's Fiat. Unfortunately, the Napier suffered from mechanical trouble.

In 1911, at the age of 33, he was living at 18 Clarges Street, Mayfair, single, with two servants, and had one visitor, a Royal Navy officer, Oscar Valentin de Satge, the son of Oscar de Satge.

He died in 1932 in the Wycombe district of Buckinghamshire, and his obituary was published on 15 March 1932 in the Gloucestershire Echo.

Hedsor House
Hedsor House is an Italianate-style mansion in the United Kingdom, located in Hedsor in Buckinghamshire. Perched overlooking the River Thames, a manor house at Hedsor can be dated back to 1166 when the estate was owned by the de Hedsor Family. In the 18th century, it was the royal residence of Princess Augusta, Dowager Princess of Wales.
Richard Oliver (Paralympian)
Richard Alden Oliver, OAM (born 16 April 1955) is an Australian Paralympic athlete and wheelchair basketball player.  He was born in the South Australian town of Gawler. He participated in athletics at both the 1976 Toronto and 1980 Arnhem Paralympics, winning a bronze medal in 1980 in the Men's 100 m 4 event. He held the world records in the 100 m and 200 m events. He was part of the Australia men's national wheelchair basketball team at all Paralympics from 1976 to 1996. He won a gold medal as part of the winning team at the 1996 Atlanta Paralympics, for which he received a Medal of the Order of Australia.

1980 Summer Paralympics
The 1980 Summer Paralympics (Dutch: Paralympische Zomerspelen 1980), branded as the Olympics for the Disabled, were the sixth Summer Paralympic Games. They were held in Arnhem, Netherlands, from 21 to 30 June 1980.
Raids of Huáscar
The Raids of the Huáscar were a series of raids that occurred by the Peruvian ironclad Huáscar under the command of Miguel Grau Seminario during the War of the Pacific. The actions kept the Chilean government in check for nearly five months which ended after the Battle of Angamos.

Huáscar (ironclad)
Huáscar is an ironclad turret ship owned by the Chilean Navy built in 1865 for the Peruvian government. It is named after the 16th-century Inca emperor, Huáscar. She was the flagship of the Peruvian Navy and participated in the Battle of Pacocha and the War of the Pacific of 1879–1883. At the Battle of Angamos, Huáscar, captained by renowned Peruvian naval officer Miguel Grau Seminario, was captured by the Chilean fleet and commissioned into the Chilean Navy.

Today Huáscar is one of the few surviving ships of her type. She has been restored and is a memorial ship anchored in Talcahuano, Chile. Huáscar is the second oldest armored warship afloat after Warrior, and the oldest monitor afloat.
Maximilian Wengler
Maximilian Wengler (14 January 1890 – 25 April 1945) was a German general in the Wehrmacht during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords of Nazi Germany.

Wengler took command of the 83rd Infantry Division on 27 March 1945 in the area of Gotenhafen. The division, after escaping the encirclement of the city, fought its way to Oxhöfter Kämpe and Pillau-Neutief, where Wengler and members of his staff were killed by an aerial bomb on 25 April 1945.

General (Germany)
General (German pronunciation: [ɡenəˈʁaːl] ⓘ) is the highest rank of the German Army and German Air Force. As a four-star rank it is the equivalent to the rank of admiral in the German Navy.

The rank is rated OF-9 in NATO. It is grade B10 in the pay rules of the Federal Ministry of Defence.
TriMet (sculpture)
TriMet (stylized as TRIMET) is an outdoor 1977 aluminum sculpture by American artist Robert Maki, installed on the Mount Hood Community College campus in Gresham, Oregon, United States. According to the Regional Arts & Culture Council, which administers the work, "TRIMET serves as an excellent example of how Maki's technical background is reflected in his work. The sculpture is built of geometric shapes that evolve and morph as the viewer moves around it, using negative space to help define the mass of the sculpture itself." It measures 8 ft × 9.25 ft × 4 ft (2.44 m × 2.82 m × 1.22 m) and was funded by TriMet and the United States Department of Transportation.

Regional Arts & Culture Council
The Regional Arts & Culture Council (RACC) is an organization that administers arts grants in Multnomah, Washington, and Clackamas Counties that also do advocacy in the Portland metropolitan area in Oregon, United States. It evolved from the city’s Metropolitan Arts Commission agency in the 1990s. In 1995, the Metropolitan Arts Commission became the RACC as an independent non-profit organization. Its board of directors ousted the executive director Carol Tatch in November 2023 following an outside investigation.
Astroloba herrei
Astroloba herrei is a small succulent plant of the genus Astroloba, restricted to the area around the Swartberg mountains, South Africa.

It is listed as a Vulnerable species on the Red List of the South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI).

Swartberg
The Swartberg mountains (black mountain in English) are a mountain range in the Western Cape province of South Africa. It is composed of two main mountain chains running roughly east–west along the northern edge of the semi-arid Little Karoo. To the north of the range lies the other large semi-arid area in South Africa, the Great Karoo. Most of the Swartberg Mountains are above 2000 m high, making them the tallest mountains in the Western Cape. It is also one of the longest, spanning some 230 km from south of Laingsburg in the west to between Willowmore and Uniondale in the east. Geologically, these mountains are part of the Cape Fold Belt.

Much of the Swartberg is part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site.