hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Affine hull
In mathematics, the affine hull or affine span of a set  in  Euclidean space  is the smallest affine set containing , or equivalently, the intersection of all affine sets containing . Here, an affine set may be defined as the translation of a vector subspace.

The affine hull of  is what  would be if the origin was moved to .

The affine hull aff() of  is the set of all affine combinations of elements of , that is,

Linear subspace
In mathematics, and more specifically in linear algebra, a linear subspace or vector subspace is a vector space that is a subset of some larger vector space. A linear subspace is usually simply called a subspace when the context serves to distinguish it from other types of subspaces.
Phil Hare
Philip Gary Hare (born February 21, 1949) is an American politician who was U.S. Representative for Illinois's 17th congressional district, serving from 2007 until 2011. He is a member of the Democratic Party. The district was based in Illinois's share of the Quad Cities area and included Rock Island, Moline, Quincy, Decatur, Galesburg and part of Springfield.

Quad Cities
The Quad Cities is a region of five cities in the U.S. states of Iowa and Illinois: Davenport and Bettendorf in southeastern Iowa, and Rock Island, Moline, and East Moline in northwestern Illinois. These cities are the center of the Quad Cities metropolitan area, a region within the Mississippi River Valley, which as of 2023, had a population estimate of 467,817 and a Combined Statistical Area (CSA) population of 474,019, making it the 90th-largest CSA in the nation.
Wally Slocki
Walter "Wally" Slocki (born March 7, 1947) is a Canadian martial artist who was the 1967, 1968, and 1970 Canadian National Champion.

Slocki began training in 1953 at the age of 6. He is a ninth degree black belt in karate and has trained aikido, jiu-jitsu, judo, taekwondo and kung-fu.

In recent years, he has worked for Paragon Security in Toronto as a Management Director. In 2022, he was inducted into the Brampton Sports Hall of Fame.

Jujutsu
Jujutsu (柔術, jūjutsu; Japanese pronunciation: [dʑɯːʑɯtsɯ] or [dʑɯꜜːʑɯtsɯ] ⓘ), also known as jiu-jitsu or ju-jitsu (both /dʒuːˈdʒɪtsuː/ joo-JITS-oo), is a Japanese martial art and a system of close combat that can be used in a defensive or offensive manner.  A subset of techniques from certain styles that jujutsu were used to develop many modern martial arts and combat sports, such as judo, aikido, sambo, Brazilian jiu-jitsu, ARB, and mixed martial arts.
La Membrolle-sur-Longuenée
La Membrolle-sur-Longuenée (French pronunciation: [la mɑ̃bʁɔl syʁ lɔ̃ɡne] ⓘ) is a former commune in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Longuenée-en-Anjou.

Maine-et-Loire
Maine-et-Loire (French pronunciation: [mɛn e lwaʁ] ⓘ) is a department in the Loire Valley in the Pays de la Loire region in Western France. It is named after the two rivers, Maine and the Loire. It borders Mayenne and Sarthe to the north, Loire-Atlantique to the west, Indre-et-Loire to the east, Vienne and Deux-Sèvres to the south, Vendée to the south-west, and Ille-et-Vilaine to the north-west. Its prefecture is Angers; its subprefectures are Cholet, Saumur and Segré-en-Anjou Bleu. Maine-et-Loire had a population of 818,273 in 2019.
Ministry of Internal Affairs of Georgia
The Ministry of Internal Affairs of Georgia (Georgian: საქართველოს შინაგან საქმეთა სამინისტრო), abbreviated MIA (შსს), is the highest state law enforcement agency of Georgia, the head of which (Minister) is a member of the government.  The Ministry is accountable to the Government and fulfills the tasks imposed on it by the Prime Minister.

Vakhtang Gomelauri is the current Minister of Internal Affairs.

The Ministry's main office is in Tbilisi.

Vakhtang Gomelauri
Vakhtang Gomelauri (Georgian: ვახტანგ გომელაური, born 24 December 1974) is a Georgian politician, who served as the Minister of Internal Affairs of Georgia and as the chief of the State Security Service of Georgia from 25 July 2015 to 9 September 2019. Gomelauri is a close associate of Georgia's richest man Bidzina Ivanishvili.

On 19 December 2024, the United States and the United Kingdom adopted economic sanctions against Gomelauri due to his involvement in violent attacks and other grave human rights abuses against Georgian protesters and journalists. Earlier he was also sanctioned by the Baltic States for the same reasons.
Caligus infestans
Caligus infestans is a species of sea louse in the family, Caligidae, first described by Camill Heller in 1865.

In Australia it is found as an ecto-parasite (a parasite living on the outside of its host)  of fishes at depths of 200 metres in the following IMCRA zones - Central Eastern Shelf Transition (39), Northeast Shelf Province (40), and the Northeast Shelf Transition - that is, in seas off the north east coast of Australia.

A search of the Smithsonian Invertebrates Collection reveals they have also been found off:

the Greater Sunda Islands (host - Scomberomorus commerson) USNM 180506

Phuket (host - Scomberomorus commerson) USNM 180517

Indian Ocean (host - Scomberomorus commerson) USNM 180518

and Madagascar and Mozambique (all with the same host).

Narrow-barred Spanish mackerel
The narrow-barred Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus commerson) is a mackerel of the family Scombridae found in a wide-ranging area in Southeast Asia, but as far west as the east coast of Africa and from the Middle East and along the northern coastal areas of the Indian Ocean, and as far east as the South West Pacific Ocean.
Cobblestone School
Cobblestone School was a progressive, alternative private school in Rochester, New York. It was a member of the National Coalition of Alternative Community Schools and the Greater Rochester Association of Private Schools.

Cobblestone was a small school, numbering around 60 students in grades Pre-K thru 6. It was located on Prince Street in the former Sacred Heart Academy school building. Nearby was SOTA, a public high school that emphasized the arts. Many Cobblestone students continued on to this school after graduating.

Alternative school
An alternative school is an educational establishment with a curriculum and methods that are nontraditional. Such schools offer a wide range of philosophies and teaching methods; some have political, scholarly, or philosophical orientations, while others are more ad hoc assemblies of teachers and students dissatisfied with some aspect of mainstream or traditional education.

Some schools are based on pedagogical approaches differing from that of the mainstream pedagogy employed in a culture, while other schools are for gifted students, children with special needs, children who have fallen off the track educationally or expelled from their base school, children who wish to explore unstructured or less rigid systems of learning, etc.
Dermot Weld
Dermot K. Weld (born 29 July 1948), in Kildare, is a former jockey, and one of Ireland's most successful racehorse trainers, setting the record in 2000 for the most winners trained in Ireland with 2,578. He won the Irish Flat Training Championship 8 times in 1983, 1985, 1989, 1990, 1993, 1994, 1996, and 1998. As a trainer, he won the Melbourne Cup in Australia twice,  all five of the Irish Classics, the Epsom Derby and Oaks, the Hong Kong Mile, Italian and American Derby, and Breeders' Cup Turf.

Kildare
Kildare (Irish: Cill Dara, meaning 'church of oak') is a town in County Kildare, Ireland. As of 2022, its population was 10,302, making it the 7th largest town in County Kildare. It is home to Kildare Cathedral, historically the site of an important abbey said to have been founded by Saint Brigid of Kildare in the 5th century. The Curragh lies east of the town.

The town lies on the R445, some 50 kilometres (31 mi) west of Dublin – near enough for it to have become, despite being a regional centre in its own right, a commuter town for the capital. Although Kildare gives its name to the county, Naas is the county town.
Northwest Federal Field at Pfitzner Stadium
Northwest Federal Field at Pfitzner Stadium, nicknamed "The Pfitz", is a stadium in the Coles Magisterial District of Prince William County, Virginia. It is primarily used for baseball, and was the home field of the Potomac Nationals before they relocated to Fredericksburg in 2020.  Built in 1984, the stadium is near the McCoart Government Center, the offices of the Prince William County Service Authority, and the Sean Connaughton Community Plaza.  It seats 6,000 people.

Prince William County, Virginia
Prince William County lies beside the Potomac River in the Commonwealth of Virginia. At the 2020 census, the population was 482,204, making it Virginia's second most populous county. The county seat is the independent city of Manassas. A part of Northern Virginia, Prince William County is part of the Washington metropolitan area. In 2020, it had the 24th highest income of any county in the United States. The county is named after Prince William, Duke of Cumberland, the youngest son of King George II.
Give Me Some Wheels
Give Me Some Wheels is the seventh studio album by the American country music singer-songwriter Suzy Bogguss, released on July 23, 1996, through Liberty Records. For the album's title track and lead-off single, Bogguss reunited with Matraca Berg and Gary Harrison, the co-writers of one of her most successful singles, "Hey Cinderella".  However, lacking any real support from her label, "Give Me Some Wheels" reached only the bottom of the country charts. This was followed by "No Way Out" (later recorded by Julie Roberts on her self-titled debut album).

Hey Cinderella
"Hey Cinderella" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Suzy Bogguss.  It was released in November 1993 as the second single from her album Something Up My Sleeve. The song reached number 5 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart in February 1994. The single also entered the UK singles chart, reaching number 92 on September 25, 1993. It was written by Bogguss, Matraca Berg and Gary Harrison.
Ken Schroy
Kenneth Michael Schroy (born September 22, 1952) is an American former professional football player who was a safety for eight seasons in the National Football League (NFL) with the New York Jets.

Schroy played high school football at Quakertown Community Senior High School in Quakertown, scoring 27 touchdowns and rushing for 2,399 yards. He is currently the only player in Quakertown High School history to have his number (46) retired.

Schroy played college football for the Maryland Terrapins and was selected in 1975 by the Philadelphia Eagles (10th round, 248 overall), but never played for the team.

1975 NFL draft
The 1975 NFL draft was held January 28–29, 1975, at the New York Hilton at Rockefeller Center in New York City, New York. With the first overall pick of the draft, the Atlanta Falcons selected quarterback Steve Bartkowski.
CBV Total
CBV Total is a stock market index indicating the performance of Vietnam's stock markets. It shows all stocks that are listed in the two Vietnam trading markets, the Hanoi Securities Trading Center and Hochiminh Stock Exchange.

It includes all stocks in CBV Index (or CBV LargeCap), CBV MidCap and CBV SmallCap.

Stock market
A stock market, equity market, or share market is the aggregation of buyers and sellers of stocks (also called shares), which represent ownership claims on businesses; these may include securities listed on a public stock exchange as well as stock that is only traded privately, such as shares of private companies that are sold to investors through equity crowdfunding platforms. Investments are usually made with an investment strategy in mind.
Media in Oklahoma City
As of 2016, the Oklahoma City metropolitan area is the 41st-largest media market in the United States, as ranked by Nielsen Media Research, with 722,140 television households (0.6% of all U.S. homes) and 1.2 million people aged 12+. The following is a summary of broadcast and print media in Oklahoma City:

Spencer, Oklahoma
Spencer is a city in Oklahoma County, Oklahoma, United States, and a part of the  Oklahoma City metropolitan area. Its population was 3,978 at the 2020 census, a 1.7% increase from 2010.

Established in 1903, the City of Spencer is a historic community located just east of the North Canadian River. Spencer is about 10 miles from downtown Oklahoma City and borders the cities of Nicoma Park to the east and Midwest City to the south.

Contributing to the cultural fabric of Spencer are the Spencer Chamber of Commerce, the Facebook page-Whats going on in Spencer Oklahoma, Spencer Senior Center, Spencer Parks Board, and the Spencer Historical Society.
Mount Miller (Enderby Land)
Mount Miller (66°57′S 51°16′E﻿ / ﻿66.950°S 51.267°E﻿ / -66.950; 51.267) is a mountain 1 nautical mile (2 km) northwest of Pythagoras Peak, in the Tula Mountains of Enderby Land, Antarctica. It was plotted from air photos taken from Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions aircraft in 1956, and was named by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia for J.J. Miller, a member of the crew of the RRS Discovery during the British Australian New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition of 1929–31.

Australian Antarctic Names and Medals Committee
The Australian Antarctic Names and Medals Committee (AANMC) was established to advise the Government on names for features in the Australian Antarctic Territory and the subantarctic territory of Heard Island and the McDonald Islands. The committee also issues nominations Governor General for the award of the Australian Antarctic Medal.

Committee members were appointed by the Minister or Parliamentary Secretary responsible for Antarctic matters. The committee was founded in 1952 as the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia,  and changed to the current name in 1982 to reflect the multiple functions that the committee is responsible for. The committee was replaced by the Australian Antarctic Division Place names Committee in 2015.
Üch-Korgon Hydroelectric Power Station
The Üch-Korgon Hydro Power Plant (Kyrgyz: Үч-Коргон ГЭСи, Russian: Уч-Курганская ГЭС) is an active hydroelectric plant on the river Naryn in Shamaldy-Say, Kyrgyzstan, upstream from Uchqoʻrgʻon in Uzbekistan. Completed in 1962, it is the oldest of the three hydroelectric plants on the river Naryn near Tash-Kömür, 25 km downstream from the Shamaldy-Say Hydroelectric Power Station. It has 4 individual turbines with a nominal output of around 45 MW and a total nominal capacity of 180 MW. The power plant's dam is 34 m (112 ft) tall and it creates a 53,000,000 m3 (42,968 acre⋅ft) reservoir of which20,000,000 m3 (16,214 acre⋅ft) is active (or useful) for power generation.

Turbine
A turbine (/ˈtɜːrbaɪn/ or /ˈtɜːrbɪn/) (from the Greek τύρβη, tyrbē, or Latin turbo, meaning vortex) is a rotary mechanical device that extracts energy from a fluid flow and converts it into useful work. The work produced can be used for generating electrical power when combined with a generator. A turbine is a turbomachine with at least one moving part called a rotor assembly, which is a shaft or drum with blades attached. Moving fluid acts on the blades so that they move and impart rotational energy to the rotor.

Gas, steam, and water turbines have a casing around the blades that contains and controls the working fluid. Modern steam turbines frequently employ both reaction and impulse in the same unit, typically varying the degree of reaction and impulse from the blade root to its periphery.
Count Ferdinand Ernst Gabriel von Waldstein
Count Ferdinand Ernst Joseph Gabriel von Waldstein und Wartenberg (24 March 1762 – 26 May 1823) was a Czech and German nobleman and patron of the arts. A member of the Bohemian House of Waldstein (Valdštejn) and an early patron of Ludwig van Beethoven, his political and military roles included the office of a Geheimrat in Bonn, commander (Komtur) of the Teutonic Order, and (briefly) colonel of a light infantry regiment that he had raised. One of Beethoven's piano sonatas is named after him.

Light infantry
Light infantry refers to certain types of lightly equipped infantry throughout history. They have a more mobile or fluid function than other types of infantry, such as heavy infantry or line infantry. Historically, light infantry often fought as scouts, raiders, and skirmishers. These are loose formations that fight ahead of the main army to harass, delay, disrupt supply lines, engage the enemy's own skirmishing forces, and generally "soften up" an enemy before the main battle. Light infantrymen were also often responsible for screening the main body of a military formation.

Following World War II, the term "light infantry" has evolved to include rapid-deployment units (including commando and airborne units) that emphasize speed and mobility over armor and firepower. Some units or battalions that historically held a skirmishing role retain their designation "light infantry" for the sake of tradition.
Hands-On Mobile
Hands-On Mobile, formerly known as Mforma, is a wireless entertainment company established in 2000. The company develops, publishes and distributes mobile content via network operators and portals. It offers its content in or via Java ME, BREW, SMS, MMS, and WAP in English, French, Italian, Spanish, German, Portuguese, Czech, Chinese and Korean.

Hands-On Mobile is a private company headquartered in San Francisco, California. It has further offices in San Diego, London and Manchester (UK), Madrid (Spain), Paris (France), Munich (Germany), Beijing and Shanghai (China), and São Paulo (Brazil).

Hands-On Mobile's investors include eFund International, Draper Fisher Jurvetson, General Catalyst Partners, Institutional Venture Partners and Bessemer Venture Partners.

General Catalyst
General Catalyst (GC) is a global venture capital firm that makes seed to growth stage investments and more. The firm has invested in 800+ businesses, including global companies such as Airbnb, Anduril Industries, Canva, Glean Technologies, Guild Education, HubSpot, Kayak, Datalogix, Datto, Livongo, Gusto, Zepto, Ramp, Deliveroo, Samsara, Stripe, Snap, Circle, Mistral, and Helsing.
Baby Blue Soundcrew
Baby Blue Soundcrew was a Canadian DJ group from Toronto, Ontario, specializing in hip-hop and R&B music. The group was composed of Kid Kut, KLC, C-Boogie, and Singlefoot. They are notable for releasing two commercially successful compilation albums in 2000 and 2001.

Jully Black
Jullyann Inderia Gordon Black (born November 8, 1977) is a Canadian singer and songwriter. She has released 4 studio albums, and 2 remix EPs. She has collaborated and written for many artists, including Nas, Saukrates, Choclair, Kardinal Offishall, Destiny's Child, and Sean Paul.

She was chosen by CBC Music as one of "The 25 Greatest Canadian Singers Ever" and has long been dubbed the "Canada's Queen of R&B" by fans and industry peers alike.
Afek (surname)
Afek (Hebrew: אפק) is a Jewish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arnon Afek (born 1963), Israeli physician

Omri Afek (born 1979), retired Israeli footballer

Sharon Afek (born 1970), Israeli general

Yehuda Afek (born 1952), Israeli computer scientist

Yochanan Afek (born 1952), Israeli chess player, composer, trainer and arbiter

Yehuda Afek
Yehuda Afek (Hebrew: יהודה אפק; September 1952) is an Israeli computer scientist at Tel Aviv University and is known for his work on network cyber security and fault tolerant distributed computing. Yehuda cofounded Riverhead Networks in 2000 and was the head of the School of Computer Science in Tel Aviv University in 2014–2016.
Happening (film)
Happening (French: L'Événement) is a 2021 French drama film directed by Audrey Diwan. The film's adapted screenplay was written by Diwan and Marcia Romano from the 2000 memoir Happening by Annie Ernaux. Set in 1963, the film stars Anamaria Vartolomei as Anne, who experiences the emotionally and physically traumatic process of obtaining an abortion in France before it was legalized. The film also stars Luàna Bajrami, Pio Marmaï, Sandrine Bonnaire, Anna Mouglalis, Louise Chevillotte, Kacey Mottet Kelin, and Louise Orry-Diquéro in supporting roles with cinematography by Laurent Tangy.

Happening premiered at the 78th Venice International Film Festival on September 6, 2021, where it won the Golden Lion and received universal acclaim from critics.  It was released in French theatres by Wild Bunch on 24 November 2021. It was well received, being nominated for and winning numerous awards at the BAFTAs, Gotham Awards, Lumière Awards, and César Awards.

Abortion in France
Abortion in France is legal upon request until 14 weeks after conception (16 weeks after the pregnant woman's last menstrual period). Abortions at later stages of pregnancy up until birth are allowed if two physicians certify that the abortion will be done to prevent injury to the physical or mental health of the pregnant woman; a risk to the life of the pregnant woman; or that the child will suffer from a particularly severe illness recognized as incurable. The abortion law was liberalized by the Veil Act in 1975.

It is also known as induced abortion or voluntary termination of pregnancy, and refers to the deliberate termination of a pregnancy at the request of a pregnant woman who does not wish to continue the pregnancy.
Stuart Fleming
Stuart A. Fleming (9 June 1920 – 24 February 1993) was a Progressive Conservative party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was a wholesaler by career.

He was first elected at the Okanagan—Revelstoke riding in the 1958 general election after an unsuccessful attempt to win that riding in 1957. Fleming was re-elected in 1962 and 1963. After completing his final term, the 26th Canadian Parliament, in 1965, Fleming left Parliament and did not campaign in further federal elections. He died in Vernon in 1993, aged 72.

1958 Canadian federal election
The 1958 Canadian federal election was held to elect members  of the House of Commons of Canada of the 24th Parliament of Canada on March 31, 1958, just nine months after the 23rd election. It transformed Prime Minister John Diefenbaker's minority into the largest majority government in Canadian history and the second-largest percentage of the popular vote; only Unionist Prime Minister Robert Borden’s triumph in the 1917 federal election, at 56.93 percent, was higher. Although the Tories would surpass their 1958-seat total in the 1984 election, the 1958 result (achieved in a smaller House) remains unmatched both in terms of percentage of seats (78.5%) and the size of the government majority over all opposition parties (a 151-seat majority). Voter turnout was 79.4%, the highest percentage of eligible electors to cast a ballot in Canadian federal election history.
Jimramov
Jimramov (German: Ingrowitz) is a market town in Žďár nad Sázavou District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,200 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.

Cultural monument (Czech Republic)
The cultural monuments of the Czech Republic (Czech: kulturní památka) are protected properties (both real and movable properties) designated by the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic. Cultural monuments that constitute the most important part of the Czech cultural heritage may be declared national cultural monuments (Czech: národní kulturní památka) by a regulation of the Government of the Czech Republic. The government may also proclaim a territory, whose character and environment are determined by a group of immovable cultural monuments or archaeological finds, as a whole, as a monument reservation. The Ministry of Culture may proclaim a territory of a settlement with a smaller number of cultural monuments, a historical environment or part of a landscape area that displays significant cultural values as a monument zone.

As of 2019, there are 14 Czech cultural monuments on the World Heritage List.