hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thameslink Programme
The Thameslink Programme, originally Thameslink 2000, was a £6 billion project in south-east England to upgrade and expand the Thameslink rail network to provide new and longer trains between a wider range of stations to the north and to the south of London. The development facilitated new cross-London journeys, which means that passengers no longer have to change trains in London. Work included platform lengthening, station remodelling, new railway infrastructure, and new rolling stock. The project was originally proposed in 1991 following the successful introduction of the initial Thameslink service in 1988. After many delays, planning permission was granted in 2006 and funding was approved in October 2007. Work started in 2009 and was completed on 18 September 2020, although trains over the new routes began running in 2018.

Snow Hill tunnel (London)
51°31′4″N 0°6′14″W﻿ / ﻿51.51778°N 0.10389°W﻿ / 51.51778; -0.10389

Snow Hill tunnel is a railway tunnel on the northern edge of the City of London which carries the up and down Snow Hill lines between City Thameslink and Farringdon stations.  The tunnel runs beneath the Smithfield meat market and was constructed, using the cut-and-cover method, immediately prior to the building of the market. The tunnel opened on 1 January 1866.
Mei Foo Ferry Pier
Mei Foo Ferry Pier (Chinese: 美孚碼頭) (1 May 1974 - 1984) was a ferry pier in Mei Foo Sun Chuen, Lai Chi Kok, Kowloon, Hong Kong, located outside Block 6 of the estate.

There was a ferry route that ran between Mei Foo and Central, operated by the Hongkong and Yaumati Ferry Company. The ferry service commenced on 1 May 1974. The service originally operated from the Mei Foo seawall, which was considered unsatisfactory (versus a proper pier) for safety reasons. After the MTR Tsuen Wan line started service in 1982, the route's patronage declined dramatically and the ferry operator applied to the government for the cancellation of the route. In 1984, the ferry route was cancelled. The pier was later demolished to make way for the reclamation of Lai Chi Kok Bay. The site has now become a part of Lai Chi Kok Park.

Land reclamation in Hong Kong
The reclamation of land from the ocean has long been used in mountainous Hong Kong to expand the limited supply of usable land in the territory. The first reclamations can be traced back to the early Western Han dynasty (206 BC – 9 AD), when beaches were turned into fields for salt production. Major land reclamation projects have been conducted since the mid-19th century. By 1996, a total of approximately 60 square kilometres (37 square miles) of land had been created through the process.
Parisse
Parisse /pæˈriːs/ is a surname. People with that name include:

Annie Parisse (born Anne Marie Cancelmi, 1975), American actor

Clément Parisse (born 1993), French cross-country skier

Sergio Parisse (born 1983), Italian rugby player

Tony Parisse (1911–56), American baseball player

Tony Parisse
Louis Peter "Tony" Parisse (June 25, 1911 – June 2, 1956) was an American professional baseball player and manager. He appeared in ten Major League Baseball games as a catcher and pinch hitter for the 1943–44 Philadelphia Athletics, one of the many players who received their only MLB trials during the World War II manpower shortage. During his six-season career in the minor leagues, he never played above the Class B level

Parisse, a Philadelphia native, didn't begin his professional career until he was almost 28 years old, in 1939. The Athletics summoned him from the Wilmington Blue Rocks in September 1943, and, in his second MLB game, Parisse collected two singles and an RBI in a 9–4 victory over the St. Louis Browns at Shibe Park on September 27. Those would represent two-thirds of his career hit total in the Majors, and his lone run batted in.

He briefly managed in the Chicago White Sox farm system (1947) before leaving the game, and died in Philadelphia at age 44.
HMAS Rushcutter
Two units of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) have been named HMAS Rushcutter, for Rushcutters Bay, Sydney.

HMAS Rushcutter (naval base), a depot and training base originally operated as the headquarters of the New South Wales colonial navy, and later operating under this name from 1940 to 1979, when the land was granted to the public.

HMAS Rushcutter (ML 1321), a former Harbour Defence Motor Launch used as a training vessel.

HMAS Rushcutter (M 80), the lead ship of the Bay-class minehunting catamarans, which was launched in 1986 and decommissioned in 2001.

HMAS Rushcutter (M 80)
HMAS Rushcutter (M 80) was one of two Bay class minehunters built for the Royal Australian Navy by Carrington Slipways at its Ramsay Fibreglass facility in Tomago, New South Wales. She was launched on 8 May 1986 and commissioned on 1 November 1986. She was decommissioned on 14 August 2001. She and sister ship HMAS Shoalwater were sold in 2002 for service in the Persian Gulf. At some point before 2013, the vessel ended up in private hands in Rozelle Bay.
COSCUP
Conference for Open Source Coders, Users and Promoters (COSCUP; Chinese: 開源人年會) is an annual conference held by Taiwanese open source community participants since 2006. It is a major force of free software movement advocacy in Taiwan. The event is often held in two days, with talks, sponsor and communities booths, and Birds of a feather (computing). In addition to international speakers, many Taiwanese local open source contributors often give talks. The chief organizer, other staffs, and speakers are all volunteers.

COSCUP's aim is to provide a platform to connect open source coders, users, and promoters, and promote FLOSS with the annual conference. The conference is free to attend because of the enthusiastic sponsors and donors. Since the conference venue is limited, tickets are often sold out immediately after the online registration starts.

The lightweight Desktop Environment LXDE was announced at COSCUP 2006.

LXDE
LXDE (abbreviation for Lightweight X11 Desktop Environment) is a free desktop environment with comparatively low resource requirements. This makes it especially suitable for use on older or resource-constrained personal computers such as netbooks or system on a chip computers.

LXDE was written in the C programming language, using the GTK 2 toolkit, and runs on Unix and other POSIX-compliant platforms, such as Linux and BSDs. The LXDE project aims to provide a fast and energy-efficient desktop environment.

LXDE uses rolling releases for its individual components (or for groups of components with coupled dependencies). The default window manager used is Openbox, but one can configure a third-party window manager for use with LXDE, such as Fluxbox, IceWM or Xfwm.
LXDE includes GPL-licensed code as well as LGPL-licensed code.
1984 Giro d'Italia, Stage 12 to Stage 22
The 1984 Giro d'Italia was the 67th edition of the Giro d'Italia, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Giro began in Lucca, with a prologue individual time trial on 17 May, and Stage 12 occurred on 30 May with a stage from Rieti. The race finished in Verona on 10 June.

Livinallongo del Col di Lana
Livinallongo del Col di Lana (pronounced [livinalˈloŋɡo del ˌkɔl di ˈlaːna]; Ladin: Fodóm; German: Buchenstein) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Belluno in the Italian region Veneto, located about 120 kilometres (75 mi) north of Venice and about 45 kilometres (28 mi) northwest of Belluno.

Ninety percent of the population speak Ladin as their native language.
Trestrail
Trestrail is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alfred Trestrail (1876–1935), English lawyer and cricketer

Arthur Trestrail (1921–2014), Trinidad cricketer

Kenneth Trestrail (1927–1992), West Indian and Canadian cricketer

Nicholas Trestrail (1858–1922), British mining engineer

Arthur Trestrail
Arthur Trestrail (7 June 1921 – 20 October 2014) was a Trinidadian cricketer. He played six first-class matches for Trinidad and Tobago between 1941 and 1947. His brother, Kenneth, also played first-class cricket.
Shuman Ghosemajumder
Shuman Ghosemajumder (born 1974) is a Canadian technologist, entrepreneur, and author. He is the former click fraud czar at Google, the author of works on technology and business including the Open Music Model, and co-founder of TeachAids. He was chief technology officer for Shape Security, which was acquired in 2020 for $1 billion by F5, where he became head of artificial intelligence. He is the co-founder and CEO of Reken, an AI cybersecurity startup. He is a Senior Fellow at the University of Toronto's Munk School of Global Affairs and Public Policy.

Google AdSense
Google AdSense is a program and advertising network run by Google through which website publishers in the Google Network of content sites serve text, images, video, or interactive media advertisements that are targeted to the site content and audience. These advertisements are administered, sorted, and maintained by Google. They can generate revenue on either a per-click or per-impression basis. Google beta-tested a cost-per-action service, but discontinued it in October 2008 in favor of a DoubleClick offering (also owned by Google). In Q1 2014, Google earned US$3.4 billion ($13.6 billion annualized), or 22% of total revenue, through Google AdSense. In 2021, more than 38 million websites used AdSense. It is a participant in the AdChoices program, so AdSense ads typically include the triangle-shaped AdChoices icon. This program also operates on HTTP cookies.
Canton of Gagny
The canton of Gagny is a French administrative division, located in the arrondissement of Le Raincy, in the Seine-Saint-Denis département (Île-de-France région). Its borders were modified at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Gagny.

Seine-Saint-Denis
Seine-Saint-Denis (French pronunciation: [sɛn sɛ̃ d(ə)ni] ⓘ) is a department of France located in the Grand Paris metropolis in the Île-de-France region. In French, it is often referred to colloquially as quatre-vingt treize or neuf trois ("ninety-three" or "nine three"), after its official administrative number, 93. Its prefecture is Bobigny.

In 2019, it had a population of 1,644,903 across 39 communes. In French, the learned but rarely used demonym for the inhabitants of Seine-Saint-Denis is Séquano-Dionysiens; more common is Dionysiens.
Mort Shuman
Mortimer Shuman (November 12, 1938 – November 2, 1991) was an American singer, pianist and songwriter, best known as co-writer of many 1960s rock and roll hits, including "Viva Las Vegas". He also wrote and sang many songs in French, such as "Le Lac Majeur", "Papa-Tango-Charly", "Sha Mi Sha", "Un Été de Porcelaine", and "Brooklyn by the Sea" which became hits in France and several other European countries. Shuman wrote over 500 songs, including those for Ben E. King, Elvis Presley, Ray Charles, Andy Williams, and Janis Joplin. He was also responsible for the English-language production of Jacques Brel is Alive and Well and Living in Paris. Shuman was posthumously inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1992 and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2010.

Romance of a Horsethief
Romance of a Horsethief (French: Le roman d'un voleur de chevaux; Italian: Il romanzo di un ladro di cavalli; Serbo-Croatian: Romansa konjokradice) is a 1971 French-Italian-Yugoslav adventure film directed by Abraham Polonsky. It is loosely based on the 1917 novel with the same name by Joseph Opatoshu.
Kaspar Füger
Kaspar Füger (also Caspar; c. 1521 – after 1592) was a German Lutheran pastor and hymn writer.

Füger was born around 1521 in Dresden. He worked as a chaplain in Torgau, Saxony, and later he served as pastor at the Kreuzkirche, Dresden. He died after 1592. His son of the same name was a composer of hymns and from 1585 to 1586 Kreuzkantor (director of music) at the same church.

Füger the Elder wrote a Christmas carol, "Wir Christenleut". which was used by several composers. Johann Sebastian Bach set different stanzas of it, on the tune by Johann Crüger, for his Christmas cantatas Darzu ist erschienen der Sohn Gottes, BWV 40 (1723), and Unser Mund sei voll Lachens, BWV 110, and as the final chorale in Part III of his Christmas Oratorio of 1734.

Kreuzkirche, Dresden
The  Dresden Kreuzkirche (Church of the Holy Cross) is a Lutheran church in Dresden, Germany. It is the main church and seat of the Landesbischof of the Evangelical-Lutheran Church of Saxony, and the largest church building in the Free State of Saxony. It also is home of the Dresdner Kreuzchor boys' choir.
Claude Bloch
Claude Bloch (18 March 1923 – 29 December 1971) was a French theoretical nuclear physicist. He authored over 60 published articles and made significant impact on the fields of quantum field theory, nuclear physics, and the many-body problem.

Bloch was born on 18 March 1923 in Paris, France. He was admitted to the École Polytechnique in 1942 and graduated first in his class. He entered the Corps des Mines in 1946. He studied at the Bohr Institute in Copenhagen from 1948-1951 where he worked on the problems in the non-local theory of quantum fields. He worked at the California Institute of Technology in 1952-1953 where he worked on the statistical theory of the nucleus. Upon returning to France in 1953, he joined the Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), where he stayed until his death in 1971. While at the CEA, he directed the theoretical physics department at Centre d'Études Nucléaires de Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette.

Quantum field theory
In theoretical physics, quantum field theory (QFT) is a theoretical framework that combines field theory, special relativity and quantum mechanics.: xi  QFT is used in particle physics to construct physical models of subatomic particles and in condensed matter physics to construct models of quasiparticles. The current standard model of particle physics is based on QFT.

Despite its extraordinary predictive success, QFT faces ongoing challenges in fully incorporating gravity and in establishing a completely rigorous mathematical foundation.
Gino Fano
Gino Fano (5 January 1871 – 8 November 1952) was an Italian mathematician, best known as the founder of finite geometry. He was born to a wealthy Jewish family in Mantua, in Italy and died in Verona, also in Italy.

Fano made various contributions on projective and algebraic geometry. His work in the foundations of geometry predates the similar, but more popular, work of David Hilbert by about a decade.

He was the father of physicist Ugo Fano and electrical engineer Robert Fano and uncle to physicist and mathematician Giulio Racah.

David Hilbert
David Hilbert  (/ˈhɪlbərt/; German: [ˈdaːvɪt ˈhɪlbɐt]; 23 January 1862 – 14 February 1943) was a German mathematician and philosopher of mathematics and one of the most influential mathematicians of his time.

Hilbert discovered and developed a broad range of fundamental ideas including invariant theory, the calculus of variations, commutative algebra, algebraic number theory, the foundations of geometry, spectral theory of operators and its application to integral equations, mathematical physics, and the foundations of mathematics (particularly proof theory). He adopted and defended Georg Cantor's set theory and transfinite numbers. In 1900, he presented a collection of problems that set a course for mathematical research of the 20th century.

Hilbert and his students contributed to establishing rigor and developed important tools used in modern mathematical physics. He was a co-founder of proof theory and mathematical logic.
Juuso Nevalainen
Juuso Nevalainen (born May 2, 1997) is a Finnish professional ice hockey right winger currently playing for IPK in Mestis.

Nevalainen previously played six games for KalPa during the 2016–17 Liiga season and scored no points. He then had a loan spell with IPK in the 2017–18 season before joining them on a permanent basis on May 17, 2019.

Iisalmen Peli-Karhut
Iisalmen Peli-Karhut, or IPK for short, is a Finnish ice hockey team based in Iisalmi, Finland, playing in the second-tier league Mestis. The club was founded in 1966. They play their home games in the Kankaan jäähalli.
Yannick Mireur
Yannick Mireur (born 1971) is a French political scientist and author specializing in American affairs and U.S. foreign policy. and the founder of Nexus forum, an independent organization that holds events and roundtables on the urban digital and energy transition.

Formerly with Cambridge Energy Research Associates, an energy consultancy where he worked on European gas matters, he later directed a Paris-based, independent think tank and publication center, Institut Choiseul, where he founded Politique Américaine, the French leading quarterly journal on US affairs with a board of US policymakers and scholars such as Joseph Bye, Francis Fukuyama, James Schlesinger and many others. Mireur was chief editor of the journal between 2004 and 2011. He is also the author of two books on American politics and society (see below After Bush: Why America Will Not Change and Obama's World).

Cambridge Energy Research Associates
Cambridge Energy Research Associates (CERA) was a consulting company in the United States that specializes in advising governments and private companies on energy markets, geopolitics, industry trends, and strategy. CERA has research and consulting staff across the globe and covers the oil, gas, power, and coal markets worldwide.

The company was founded in 1983 by Pulitzer Prize winning author Daniel Yergin, James Rosenfield and Joseph Stanislaw. Comprising experts from many fields within the energy industry, CERA was acquired by IHS Energy in 2004. In 2009 it modified its name to IHS Cambridge Energy Research Associates  (IHS CERA) as part of the IHS brand integration in which name changes also took place for other endorsed brands under IHS, including IHS Jane's, IHS Global Insight, IHS EViews, and IHS Herold.

S&P Global acquired IHS and CERA is now part of S&P Global Commodity Insights.
Filler (surname)
Filler is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Deb Filler (born 1954), New Zealand born writer/performer, character artist and producer

Graham Filler, American politician

Louis Filler (1911–1998), American teacher and scholar

Martin Filler (born 1948), American architecture critic

Ross Filler (born 1972), known as Remedy, American rapper

Remedy (rapper)
Remedy (a.k.a. Ross Filler, a.k.a. Reuven Ben Menachem, November 4, 1972, in Staten Island, New York) is an American rapper and hip-hop producer. He was the first Jewish rapper to be affiliated with the Wu-Tang Clan. He owns and runs Code Red Entertainment, his label that released Cappadonna's The Struggle album in 2003. He also served as executive producer on Inspectah Deck's album Manifesto in 2010. Remedy has produced and been featured on various works for ESPN. He released a mixtape, It All Comes Down to This, in 2010. He is the co-executive producer of the Wu-Tang Killa Bees: Return Of The Swarm album.
Steve Tobocman
Steven Tobocman (born January 27, 1970) is a politician from the state of Michigan. He served two terms in the Michigan House of Representatives. Because of state law on term limits, he could not run for a succeeding third term.

A Democrat, he represented the 12th district in Southwest Detroit. Tobocman was elected by his party to be the Democratic Floor Leader for the 2007-2008 legislative session. He expressed his support for candidate Rashida Tlaib from Detroit as his successor. She won the seat, becoming the first Muslim woman to serve in the Michigan state legislature.

Michigan's 12th House of Representatives district
Michigan's 12th House of Representatives district (also referred to as Michigan's 12th House district) is a legislative district within the Michigan House of Representatives located in parts of Macomb and Wayne counties. The district was created in 1965, when the Michigan House of Representatives district naming scheme changed from a county-based system to a numerical one.
Benoît Schwarz-van Berkel
Benoît François Dominique Schwarz-van Berkel (né Schwarz; born 19 August 1991) is a Swiss curler. He currently throws fourth stones for skip Yannick Schwaller. He is a World Junior Champion, won a gold medal with the Swiss team at the 2013 European Curling Championships in Stavanger, and also has two Grand Slam of Curling titles at the Canadian Open in 2018 and 2025. Schwarz-van Berkel has also earned multiple medals at both the European Curling Championship and World Men's Curling Championship, and was part of the bronze medal winning Swiss team at the 2018 Winter Olympics and 2026 Winter Olympics.

European Curling Championships
The European Curling Championships are annual curling tournaments held in Europe between various European nations. The European Curling Championships are usually held in early to mid December. The tournament also acts as a qualifier for the World Championships, where the top eight nations qualify. Starting in the 2026–27 curling season, the event changed into a standalone event, where the top 10 European member associations in previous season’s World Championships qualify.

In November 1974, a six-nations tournament was held in Zürich, Switzerland which included Switzerland, Sweden, Germany, France, Italy, and Norway. In March 1975, it was decided that the championships would be competed in December.  At the semi-annual general meeting in Gävle, Sweden in April 2004, a new competition called the European Mixed Curling Championships was formed.
Jayesh Nair
Jayesh Nair (born 3 March 1980) is an Indian cinematographer who primarily works in the Hindi and Malayalam film industries. An alumnus of the Film and Television Institute of India (FTII), Pune, and the Sir J. J. Institute of Applied Art, Mumbai.

Sir J. J. Institute of Applied Art
Sir J. J. Institute of Applied Art is an Indian applied art institution based in Mumbai. It is a state government college that was started through its sister school, the Sir J. J. School of Art. The "Sir J. J." in the name stands for Sir Jamsetjee Jeejebhoy, a Parsi philanthropist, whose name is linked to numerous historical institutions of Mumbai, such as the Sir J. J. Hospital. The institute is well known for its legacy on Indian design and advertising, as well as its historic campus.

In 1958, Sir J. J. School of Art was divided, with the Departments of Architecture and Applied Art becoming the Sir J. J. College of Architecture and Sir J. J. Institute of Applied Art R
Respectively.
Chen Zheng (Tang dynasty)
Chen Zheng (traditional Chinese: 陳政; simplified Chinese: 陈政; pinyin: Chén Zhèng; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tân Chèng; 616–677) courtesy name Yimin (Chinese: 一民; pinyin: Yīmín), pseudonym Suxuan (simplified Chinese: 素轩; traditional Chinese: 素軒; pinyin: Sùxuān), was a Tang dynasty general from Gushi County in Henan, China.

Chen Zheng was the son of Tang general Chen Ke (陳克) and the father of Chen Yuanguang. Together with son Chen Yuanguang, he was responsible for opening up and developing the city of Zhangzhou. His father was Chen Kegeng (陳克耕).

Art name
An art name (pseudonym or pen name), also known by its native names hào (in Mandarin Chinese), gō (in Japanese), ho (in Korean), and tên hiệu (in Vietnamese), is a professional name used by artists, poets and writers in the Sinosphere. The word and the concept originated in China, where it was used as nicknames for the educated, then became popular in other East Asian countries (especially in Japan, Korea, Vietnam, and the former Kingdom of Ryukyu).

In some cases, artists adopted different pseudonyms at different stages of their career, usually to mark significant changes in their life. Extreme practitioners of this tendency were Tang Yin of the Ming dynasty, who had more than ten hao, Hokusai of Japan, who in the period 1798 to 1806 alone used no fewer than six, and Kim Chŏnghŭi of the Joseon Dynasty who had up to 503.