hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
South Maitland, Nova Scotia
South Maitland is an unincorporated community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in East Hants Municipality in Hants County. The community was one of the stops on the Shubenacadie Canal system and the site of a number of 19th century shipyards including the yard that built the barque Calburga in 1890, the last large square rigger to sail under a Canadian flag. The village is best known for the historic bridge built over the Shubenacadie River by the Midland Railway, part of the Dominion Atlantic Railway in 1901. Demolished in the 1990s, a surviving abutment of the railway bridge was retrofitted in 2006 by the Fundy Tidal Interpretive Centre as a lookoff and walking trail showcasing the tides of the Shubenacadie River. A decommissioned railway caboose is also preserved beside the trail.

Hants County, Nova Scotia
Hants County is a historical county and census division of Nova Scotia, Canada. Local government is provided by the West Hants Regional Municipality, and the Municipality of the District of East Hants.
Debt: The First 5,000 Years
Debt: The First 5,000 Years is a book by anthropologist David Graeber published in 2011. It explores the historical relationship of debt with social institutions such as barter, marriage, friendship, slavery, law, religion, war and government. It draws on the history and anthropology of a number of civilizations, large and small, from the first known records of debt from Sumer in 3500 BCE until the present. Reception of the book was mixed, with praise for Graeber's sweeping scope from earliest recorded history to the present; others criticized Debt for its inaccuracies.

Heterodox economics
Heterodox economics is a broad, relative term referring to schools of economic thought which are not commonly perceived as belonging to mainstream economics. There is no absolute definition of what constitutes heterodox economic thought, as it is defined in contrast to the most prominent, influential or popular schools of thought in a given time and place.

Groups typically classed as heterodox in current discourse include the Austrian, ecological, Marxist-historical, post-Keynesian, and modern monetary approaches.

Four frames of analysis have been highlighted for their importance to heterodox thought: history, natural systems, uncertainty, and power.

Economist Frederic S. Lee, in 2007 believed 5 to 10 percent of the American economists were heterodox, from both left and right-wing schools.
Yamuna Action Plan
The Yamuna Action Plan is a bilateral project between the Government of India and Japan, introduced in 1993. It is one of the largest river restoration projects in India. The Government of Japan, via the Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC), has provided financial aid to carry out the project, which is being executed by the National River Conservation Directorate, the Ministry of Environment and Forests, and the Government of India. Phase I, which began in 1993, marked its end in 2003, although it was expected to be completed by 2000.

Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) is an Indian government ministry. The ministry portfolio is currently held by Bhupender Yadav.

The ministry is responsible for planning, promoting, coordinating, and overseeing the implementation of environmental and forestry programmes in the country. The main activities undertaken by the ministry include conservation and survey of the flora of India and fauna of India, forests and other wilderness areas; prevention and control of pollution; Indian Himalayan Environment and its sustainable development; afforestation, and land degradation mitigation. It is responsible for the administration of the national parks of India.

The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change is the cadre controlling authority of the Indian Forest Service (IFS), one of the three All India Services.
Cuchavira
Cuchavira or Cuchaviva is the rainbow deity, protector of working women and the sick in the religion of the Muisca. The Muisca and their confederation were one of the advanced civilizations of the Americas and in the fertile intermontane valley that forms the Altiplano Cundiboyacense in the Andes rain and sun were both very important for their agriculture. Moreover, in those days the Bogotá savanna consisted of various swamps and floodings were regular.

Altiplano Cundiboyacense
The Altiplano Cundiboyacense (Spanish pronunciation: [altiˈplano kundiβoʝaˈsense]) is a high plateau located in the Eastern Cordillera of the Colombian Andes covering parts of the departments of Cundinamarca and Boyacá. (Do not confuse with The Altiplano or the Altiplano Nariñense, both further south.) The altiplano corresponds to the ancient territory of the Muisca. The Altiplano Cundiboyacense comprises three distinctive flat regions; the Bogotá savanna, the valleys of Ubaté and Chiquinquirá, and the valleys of Duitama and Sogamoso. The average altitude of the altiplano is about 2,600 metres (8,500 ft) above sea level but ranges from roughly 2,500 metres (8,200 ft) to 4,000 metres (13,000 ft).
Saint-Sever Beatus
The Saint-Sever Beatus, also known as the Apocalypse of Saint-Sever (Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, MS lat. 8878), is a Romanesque Illuminated manuscript from the 11th century. The manuscript was made at Saint-Sever Abbey, then in the Duchy of Gascony, under the direction of Gregory of Montaner, abbot between 1028 and 1072.  It is believed that the primary artist-scribe who illustrated the manuscript was Stephanus Garsia (who signed his name on folio 6), working alongside other unnamed individuals.

The manuscript contains the Commentary on the Apocalypse of Beatus of Liébana, a commentary on Daniel by Saint Jerome and a treatise on the Virgin Mary by Saint Ildefonsus. Parts of it are displayed in the Musée des Jacobins in Saint-Sever.

Duchy of Gascony
The Duchy of Gascony or Duchy of Vasconia was an ethnic Basque duchy located in present-day southwestern France and northeastern Spain, an area encompassing the modern region of Gascony. The Duchy of Gascony, then known as Vasconia, was originally a Frankish march formed to hold sway over the Basques. However, the duchy went through different periods, from its early years with its distinctively Basque element to the merger in personal union with the Duchy of Aquitaine to the later period as a dependency of the Plantagenet kings of England.

Gascony was under continuous English rule for approximately 300 years, from 1152 to 1453. Charles VII of France reconquered the territory as a final act of the Hundred Years' War and the northern part of the territory was annexed by the Kingdom of France in 1453. The corresponding portion within the Iberian Peninsula became the Kingdom of Navarre.
Kokelv Church
Kokelv Church (Norwegian: Kokelv kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Hammerfest Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. It is located in the village of Kokelv. It is the church for the Kokelv parish which is part of the Hammerfest prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland. The white, wooden church was built in a long church style in 1960 using plans drawn up by the architect Rolf Harlew Jenssen. The church seats about 120 people.

The church was built by a group of 24 German volunteers sponsored by Action Reconciliation Service for Peace (German: Aktion Sühnezeichen Friedensdienste), who spent seven months in Kokelv to build the church as a sign of reconciliation with the Norwegian people who had suffered under German occupation during World War II.

Finnmark
Finnmark (Norwegian: [ˈfɪ̀nːmɑrk] ⓘ; Northern Sami: Finnmárku [ˈfinːˌmaːrːhkuː]; Kven: Finmarkku; Finnish: Finnmarkin lääni; Russian: Финнмарк) is a county in northern Norway. By land, it borders Troms county to the west, Finland's Lapland region to the south, and Russia's Murmansk Oblast to the east, and by water, the Norwegian Sea (Atlantic Ocean) to the northwest, and the Barents Sea (Arctic Ocean) to the north and northeast.

The county was formerly known as Finmarkens amt or Vardøhus amt. Since 2002, it has had two official names: Finnmark (Norwegian) and Finnmárku (Northern Sami). It is part of the Sápmi region, which spans four countries, as well as the Barents Region, and is Norway's second-largest and least populous county.

In January 2020, Finnmark merged with the neighbouring county of Troms to form Troms og Finnmark county. In January 2024, the counties of Finnmark and Troms were restored after parliament decided in June 2022 to separate them.
Bob Brecher
Bob Brecher (born 1949) is a British philosopher and Professor of Philosophy at the University of Brighton.
He is known for his expertise on ethics and political philosophy.
Brecher is co-director of Centre for Applied Philosophy, Politics and Ethics and a former president of Association for Social and Political Philosophy (2000-2003). He founded Res Publica in 1995.

Res Publica (journal)
Res Publica is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal of moral, legal, social, and political philosophy. It was established in 1995 and is published by Springer Science+Business Media. The editors-in-chief are Sune Lægaard (Roskilde University) and Clare Chambers (Jesus College, Cambridge). It is the official journal of the Association for Social and Political Philosophy (formerly the Association for Legal and Social Philosophy).
Winter Bumper
The Winter Bumper is a Listed National Hunt flat race in Great Britain which is open to horses aged four to six years. It is run at Newbury over a distance of about 2 miles and 1⁄2 furlong (2 miles and 69 yards, or 3,282 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in February.

The first version of the race was established in 1996, and it was given Grade 2 status in 2002. The title Winter Bumper was introduced ahead of the planned running in 2009, but this race was cancelled because of snow. Prior to this it was known by various titles, usually the name of a sponsor appended with "Standard Open National Hunt Flat Race". Since 2018 the race has been sponsored by Betfair with various different titles.

The event serves as a trial for the Champion Bumper in March, although no horse has ever achieved victory in both races. However, the winner of the latter event in 1999, Monsignor, had earlier finished fourth in this race.

Betfair
Betfair is a British gambling company founded in 2000. Its product offering includes betting exchange, sports betting, online casino, online poker, and online bingo. Business operations are led from its headquarters in London, alongside satellite offices in Ceuta, Dublin, Leeds, and Malta. In February 2016, Betfair merged with Paddy Power to create Flutter Entertainment.
HMS Sword Dance (1918)
HMS Sword Dance was a Dance-class minesweeper of the British Royal Navy.  Sword Dance was built by Lytham Ship Building in 1918, and in 1919 was deployed as part of the North Russia intervention in the Russian Civil War. On 24 June 1919, the ship was mined while operating against the Bolsheviks on the Dvina River, south of Archangel, Russia.

Arkhangelsk
Arkhangelsk (Russian: Архангельск, pronounced [ɐrˈxanɡʲɪlʲsk]) is a city and the administrative center of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. It lies on both banks of the Northern Dvina near its mouth into the White Sea. The city spreads for over 40 kilometres (25 mi) along the banks of the river and numerous islands of its delta. Arkhangelsk was the chief seaport of medieval and early modern Russia until 1703, when it was replaced by the newly founded Saint Petersburg.

A 1,133-kilometer-long (704 mi) railway runs from Arkhangelsk to Moscow via Vologda and Yaroslavl, and air travel is served by the Talagi Airport and the smaller Vaskovo Airport. As of the 2021 Census, the city's population was 301,199.
Vance Lorenzini
Vance Lorenzini was an American production designer who has produced and designed thousands of television commercials and music videos, as well as several feature films and television projects.

He collaborated with American filmmakers and producers including Roland Emmerich, Michael Bay, Adrian Lyne, David Fincher, Dominic Sena, Antoine Fuqua, George Lucas, Joe Pytka, Leslie Dektor, Tony Scott, Brett Ratner, Tim Story, F. Gary Gray, Marcus Nispel, and Forest Whitaker. He made videos for music artists Madonna, Kanye West, Mariah Carey, Jennifer Lopez, Staind, Janet Jackson, Michael Jackson, Elton John, ZZ Top, Puddle of Mudd, Prince, Snoop Dogg, Nine Inch Nails, Eminem, Limp Bizkit, and Aerosmith. Advertising clients have included Nike, Budweiser, Apple Inc., Coca-Cola, Pepsi, Ford, BMW, Levis, Kodak, United Airlines, Miller Beer, and Porsche.

He was recognized with numerous awards and certifications of artistic excellence. The Museum of Modern Art NY has honored his collective work.

Joe Pytka
Joe Pytka (born 1938) is an American film, television, commercial and music video director born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He holds the record for the most nominations for the Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing – Commercials. He directed Space Jam (1996).
Triethylene glycol dinitrate
Triethylene glycol dinitrate (TEGDN) is an, ether, nitrated alcohol ester of triethylene glycol. It is used as an energetic plasticizer in explosives and propellants. It is a pale yellow oily liquid. It is somewhat similar to nitroglycerin.

TEGDN is often used together with trimethylolethane trinitrate (TMETN).

Triethylene glycol dinitrate, diethylene glycol dinitrate, and trimethylolethane trinitrate are being considered as replacements for nitroglycerin in propellants.

Triethylene glycol
Triethylene glycol, TEG, or triglycol is a colorless odorless viscous liquid with molecular formula HOCH2CH2OCH2CH2OCH2CH2OH. It is used as a plasticizer for vinyl polymers. It is also used in air sanitizer products, such as "Oust" or "Clean and Pure". When aerosolized it acts as a disinfectant. Glycols are also used as liquid desiccants for natural gas and in air conditioning systems. It is used as an additive for hydraulic fluids and brake fluids, and as a base for "smoke machine" fluid in the entertainment industry.
Pat Gilroy
Pat Gilroy (born 3 November 1971) is a former Gaelic footballer and manager, who most recently managed the senior Dublin county team (2009-2012). A former Dublin footballer himself, he led Dublin to their first All-Ireland Senior Football Championship title in 16 years in 2011.

In 2009, Gilroy's selectors were Mickey Whelan, Paul Nugent and Paddy O'Donoghue. Transplant surgeon David Hickey replaced Paul Nugent as a selector for the 2010 season., while fellow surgeon Ian Robertson replaced Mickey Whelan in 2012.

He played his club football for St Vincents. Gilroy was formerly tipped to succeed Liam Mulvihill as the GAA’s Director General. Pat is the son of former Dublin footballer Jackie Gilroy. This offer never materialised as the position was eventually given to Monaghan's Paraic Duffy, who was appointed for a seven-year period.

Gilroy studied at Trinity College Dublin.

Páraic Duffy
Páraic Duffy (born 1 January 1951) is an Irish former gaelic football player who served as the 18th director general of the Gaelic Athletic Association from 2008 until 2018. Prior to that, he was also the first lay principal of St Macartan's College in County Monaghan.
Church do Santíssimo Sacramento e Sant'Ana
The Church of the Blessed Sacrament of Saint Anne (Portuguese: Igreja do Santíssimo Sacramento e Sant'Ana) is an 18th-century Roman Catholic church located in Nazaré, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The church is dedicated to Saint Anne and belongs to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of São Salvador da Bahia. Its construction began in 1747 and continued over the next two decades. The church sits on the second line of hills below the Historic Center of Salvador in the neighborhood of Nazaré. It was built on a hill above the Gravatá Fountain, which likely dates to the early 18th century. The church has a single nave with no side chapels; the side aisles are surmounted by tribunes. The transept features a cupola with a skylight, a feature unique in Bahia. The rear of the church has an ossuary constructed around a small courtyard. The church was listed as a historic structure by the National Historic and Artistic Heritage Institute in 1941.

Ossuary
An ossuary is a chest, box, building, well, or site made to serve as the final resting place of human skeletal remains. They are frequently used where burial space is scarce. A body is first buried in a temporary grave, then after some years the skeletal remains are removed and placed in an ossuary ("os" is "bone" in Latin). The greatly reduced space taken up by an ossuary means that it is possible to store the remains of many more people in a single tomb than possible in coffins. The practice is sometimes known as grave recycling.
Secular resonance
A secular resonance is a type of orbital resonance between two bodies with synchronized precessional frequencies. In celestial mechanics, secular refers to the long-term motion of a system, and resonance is periods or frequencies being a simple numerical ratio of small integers. Typically, the synchronized precessions in secular resonances are between the rates of change of the argument of the periapses or the rates of change of the longitude of the ascending nodes of two system bodies. Secular resonances can be used to study the long-term orbital evolution of asteroids and their families within the asteroid belt.

Longitude of the ascending node
The longitude of the ascending node, also known as the right ascension of the ascending node, is one of the orbital elements used to specify the orbit of an object in space. Denoted with the symbol Ω, it is the angle from a specified reference direction, called the origin of longitude, to the direction of the ascending node (☊), as measured in a specified reference plane. The ascending node is the point where the orbit of the object passes through the plane of reference, as seen in the adjacent image.
2021 Salinas Challenger
The 2021 Salinas Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the 20th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2021 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Salinas, Ecuador between 19 and 25 April 2021.

Nicolás Mejía
Nicolás Mejía (Spanish pronunciation: [nikoˈlas meˈxi.a]; born 11 February 2000) is a Colombian tennis player.
He has a career high ATP singles ranking of world No. 168 achieved on 5 January 2026 and a doubles ranking of No. 153 achieved on 7 November 2022. He is currently the No. 2 Colombian tennis player.

Mejía represents Colombia at the Davis Cup, where he has a W/L record of 3–9.
György Kousz
György Kousz (Slovene: Juri Kous, Prekmurje Slovene: Jürko Kous) was a Hungarian Slovene teacher and writer. It is unknown if Kousz or the priest of Pertoča István Pauli was the author of the local Prekmurje dialect hymnal.

Few details are known about Kousz's life. His hymnal has 256 church hymns and 1 secular hymn, litanies, and a Saint Matthew's Passion. The last chapter of the hymnal is titled Kniga hisztoriánszka (History Book).

His successor in Pertoča after 1829 was János Kousz, probably György's son.

Hungarian Slovenes
Hungarian Slovenes (Slovene: Madžarski Slovenci, Hungarian: Magyarországi szlovének) are an autochthonous ethnic and linguistic Slovene minority living in Hungary. The largest groups are the Rába Slovenes (Slovene: porabski Slovenci, dialectically: vogrski Slovenci, bákerski Slovenci, porábski Slovenci) in the Rába Valley in Hungary between the town of Szentgotthárd and the borders with Slovenia and Austria. They speak the Prekmurje Slovene dialect. Outside the Rába Valley, Slovenes mainly live in the Szombathely region and in Budapest.
George Joseph Lucas
George Joseph Lucas (born June 12, 1949) is an American prelate of the Catholic Church who served as the metropolitan archbishop of the Archdiocese of Omaha in Nebraska from 2009 to 2025. He was bishop of the Diocese of Springfield in Illinois from 1999 to 2009.

Francis George
Francis Eugene George OMI (January 16, 1937 – April 17, 2015) was an American Catholic prelate who served as Archbishop of Chicago from 1997 to 2014. He previously served as Bishop of Yakima and Archbishop of Portland in Oregon. A member of the Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate, George was created a cardinal by Pope John Paul II in 1998. He served as president of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB) from 2007 to 2010.

On September 20, 2014, Pope Francis accepted George's resignation and appointed Bishop Blase J. Cupich to succeed him as Archbishop of Chicago. George was diagnosed with cancer in 2006 and died from the disease in 2015.
Avon Lake, Ohio
Avon Lake is a city in northeastern Lorain County, Ohio, United States, located on the southern shore of Lake Erie about 17 miles (27 km) west of Cleveland. The population was 25,206 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Cleveland metropolitan area.

Arbor Day Foundation
The Arbor Day Foundation is an American 501(c)(3) nonprofit membership organization dedicated to planting trees. The Arbor Day Foundation has more than one million members and has planted more than 500 million trees in neighborhoods, communities, cities and forests throughout the world. The Foundation's stated mission is "to inspire people to plant, nurture, and celebrate trees."
Codex Sangermanensis I
The Codex Sangermanensis I, designated by g1 or 7 (in Beuron system), is a Latin manuscript, dated AD 822 of portions of the Old Testament and the New Testament. The text, written on vellum, is a version of the Latin. The manuscript contains the Vulgate Bible, on 191 leaves (39.3 by 33 cm) of which, in the New Testament, the Gospel of Matthew contain Old Latin readings. It contains Shepherd of Hermas.

The Shepherd of Hermas
The Shepherd of Hermas (Ancient Greek: Ποιμὴν τοῦ Ἑρμᾶ, romanized: Poimēn tou Herma; Latin: Pastor Hermae), sometimes just called The Shepherd, is a Christian literary work of the late first half of the second century, considered a valuable book by many Christians, but not considered canonical scripture by  the early Church Fathers such as Irenaeus. The Shepherd was popular among Christians in the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th centuries. It is found in the Codex Sinaiticus. The Muratorian fragment identifies the author of The Shepherd as Hermas, the brother of Pope Pius I.  The Muratorian Fragment also explicitly states that The Shepherd of Hermas is useful for private reading but not to be read publicly in the church because it is not apostolic.
2012 Southern Conference baseball tournament
The 2012 Southern Conference baseball tournament took place at Fluor Field at the West End in Greenville, South Carolina, from May 23 through 27.  The final game was televised on ESPN3

The tournament used a double-elimination format.  Only the top eight teams in the conference standings participated, leaving three UNC Greensboro, Wofford, and Davidson out.

Samford went 4–0 to win the tournament, clinching the conference's automatic berth in the 2012 NCAA Division I baseball tournament and the school's first ever Regional appearance. 2012 also marks the school's first baseball championship since joining the Southern Conference in 2008.

Wofford Terriers baseball
The Wofford Terriers baseball team is a varsity intercollegiate athletic team of Wofford College in Spartanburg, South Carolina, United States. The team is a member of the Southern Conference, which is part of the National Collegiate Athletic Association's Division I. Wofford's first baseball team was fielded in 1889. The team plays its home games at Russell C. King Field in Spartanburg, South Carolina. The Terriers are coached by J.J. Edwards.