hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Necropolitics
Necropolitics is a sociopolitical theory of the use of social and political power to dictate how some people may live and how some must die. The deployment of necropolitics creates what Achille Mbembe calls deathworlds, or "new and unique forms of social existence in which vast populations are subjected to living conditions that confer upon them the status of the living dead." Mbembe, author of On the Postcolony, was the first scholar to explore the term in depth in his 2003 article, and later, his 2019 book of the same name. Mbembe identifies racism as a prime driver of necropolitics, stating that racialized people's lives are systemically cheapened and habituated to loss.

Racialization
Racialization or ethnicization is a sociological concept used to describe the intent and processes by which ethnic or racial identities are systematically constructed within a society. Constructs for racialization are centered on erroneous generalizations about racial aspects of distinct groups, leading to the denial of equal societal engagement. It is a fallacy of groupism and a process of racial dominance that has lasting harmful or damaging outcomes for racialized groups. An associated term is self-racialization, which refers to the practice by dominant groups to justify and defend their dominant status or to deny its existence. Individually, self-racialization may not be consistent throughout one's lifetime.
Leif Kristian Nestvold-Haugen
Leif Kristian Nestvold-Haugen (née Haugen, born 29 November 1987) is a Norwegian retired World Cup alpine ski racer, specializing in the technical events of giant slalom and slalom.

Haugen made his World Cup debut in October 2009 in Sölden, and collected his first World Cup points with a 26th place. He won a bronze medal in giant slalom at the World Championships in 2017 and attained his first World Cup podium in March 2017 at Kranjska Gora, Slovenia.

Nestvold-Haugen represents the sports club Lommedalens IL, and hails from Lommedalen. At the Junior World Championships, he achieved two seventh places in 2006 in Mont-Sainte-Anne and an eighth place in 2007 in Flachau.

Slalom skiing
Slalom is an alpine skiing and alpine snowboarding discipline, involving skiing between poles or gates. These are spaced more closely than those in giant slalom, super giant slalom and downhill, necessitating quicker and shorter turns.  Internationally, the sport is contested at the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships, and at the Olympic Winter Games.
B. L. Burtt
Brian Laurence "Bill" Burtt FRSE FLS (27 August 1913 – 30 May 2008), was an English botanist and taxonomist who is noted for his contributions to the family Gesneriaceae.  In a career that spanned 74 years, he worked first at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and then at the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (RBGE). He made numerous field trips to South Africa and Sarawak and described a total of 637 new plant species. Burtt is denoted by the author abbreviation B.L.Burtt when citing a botanical name.

Gesneriaceae
Gesneriaceae, the gesneriad family, is a family of flowering plants consisting of about 152 genera and ca. 3,540 species in the tropics and subtropics of the Old World (almost all Didymocarpoideae) and the New World (most Gesnerioideae), with a very small number extending to temperate areas. Many species have colorful and showy flowers and are cultivated as ornamental plants.
Kalmer
Kalmer may be a male given name or a family name. People:

Given name

Kalmer Lain (born 1968), Estonian politician

Kalmer Tennosaar (1928–2004), Estonian singer, television presenter and journalist

Surname

Dewey Kalmer, American college baseball coach

Joseph Kalmer (1898–1959), Austrian writer

René Kalmer (born 1980), South African runner

Kalmer Tennosaar
Kalmer Tennosaar (23 November 1928, Kiidjärve, Vastse-Kuuste Parish – 20 September 2004, Tallinn) was an Estonian singer and Eesti Televisioon journalist.

He was popular in Soviet times as a soloist with the Popular Music Orchestra of the Estonian Radio and Television.

Kalmer Tennosaar began as a presenter at ETV on 1 January 1956, and subsequently worked as an editor and fellow of music programmes (1957–1962, and then after 1968). He became very popular as the host of a children's songs show "Entel-tentel". Tennosaar later continued his career as a singer.

Tennosaar was married to actress Sirje Arbi from 1964 until 1978. The couple had two daughters, including actress Liina Tennosaar.
Nyamu
Nyamu is a surname of African origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Jesaya Nyamu (born 1942), Namibian politician

Jim Nyamu, Kenyan scientist and activist

Julius Nyamu (born 1977), Kenyan runner

Karen Nyamu, Kenyan politician

Jim Nyamu
Jim Justus Nyamu, of Nairobi, Kenya, is an elephant research scientist and activist against poaching and trade in ivory. Nyamu is the executive director at the Elephant Neighbors Center (ENC) and is leader of the movement, Ivory Belongs to Elephants. He has also held positions at the African Conservation Centre and Kenya Wildlife Service. The ENC is a grass-roots collaborative and participatory research organization focused on enhancing the capacity of communities living with wildlife to promote interlinkages between species and their habitats.
Telupe Iosefa
Telupe Iosefa (born 1 November 1986, in Nukulaelae) is a Tuvaluan powerlifter. In 2015 Telupe Iosefa received the first ever gold medal won by Tuvalu at the Pacific Games in the powerlifting 120 kg male division.

Squat (exercise)
A squat is a strength exercise in which the trainee lowers their hips from a standing position and then stands back up. During the descent, the hip and knee joints flex while the ankle joint dorsiflexes; conversely the hip and knee joints extend and the ankle joint plantarflexes when standing up.

Squats are considered a vital exercise for increasing the strength and size of the lower body muscles as well as developing core strength. The primary agonist muscles used during the squat are the quadriceps femoris, the adductor magnus, and the gluteus maximus. The squat also isometrically uses the erector spinae and the abdominal muscles, among others.

The squat is one of the three lifts in the strength sport of powerlifting, together with the deadlift and the bench press. It is also considered a staple exercise in many popular recreational exercise programs.
Delias kuhni
Delias kuhni, Kuehn's jezebel, is a butterfly in the family Pieridae. It was described by Eduard Honrath in 1887. It is found in the Australasian realm.

It approximates to themis, with the forewing entirely black beneath. Hindwing with three light yellow submarginal spots. — sulana Stgr. is  a good local form, with larger white spots on the forewing and six yellow and yellow-grey submarginal patches on the hindwing beneath.

Australasian realm
The Australasian realm is one of eight  biogeographic realms that is coincident with, but not (by some definitions) the same as, the geographical region of Australasia. The realm includes Australia, the island of New Guinea (comprising Papua New Guinea and the Indonesian province of Papua), and the eastern part of the Indonesian archipelago, including the island of Sulawesi, the Moluccas (the Indonesian provinces of Maluku and North Maluku), and the islands of Lombok, Sumbawa, Sumba, Flores, and Timor, often known as the Lesser Sundas.

The Australasian realm also includes several Pacific island groups, including the Bismarck Archipelago, Vanuatu, the Solomon Islands, and New Caledonia. New Zealand and its surrounding islands are a distinctive sub-region of the Australasian realm.  The rest of Indonesia is part of the Indomalayan realm. In the classification scheme developed by Miklos Udvardy, New Guinea, New Caledonia, Solomon Islands and New Zealand are placed in the Oceanian realm.
Maxine Dexter
Maxine Elizabeth Dexter (née Johnson, born December 5, 1972) is an American physician and politician serving as the U.S. representative for Oregon's 3rd congressional district since 2025. The district includes most of Portland east of the Willamette River.
A member of the Democratic Party, she previously represented the 33rd district of the Oregon House of Representatives from 2020 to 2024, which covers parts of Northwest Portland, as well as Cedar Mill, Oak Hills, and most of Bethany.

In May 2024, Dexter won the Democratic primary for Oregon's 3rd district after facing fellow Portland Democrat Susheela Jayapal. She was elected to the United States House of Representatives on November 5, 2024.

Cedar Mill, Oregon
Cedar Mill is a suburb in the Portland, Oregon metropolitan area of the United States; it is a census-designated place and an unincorporated community in Washington County, north of U.S. Route 26 and west of the Willamette Stone. It received its name from a sawmill on Cedar Mill Creek, which cut Western Redcedars that were once the dominant tree in the area. The mill's pond was near the intersection of 119th and Cornell Road, and could still be seen into the 1960s, although the mill itself had ceased operating in 1891. The name was established in 1874 with the opening of a U.S. post office named Cedar Mill. As of the 2020 census, the community population was 17,259.
Tilleke & Gibbins
Tilleke & Gibbins is a regional law firm in Southeast Asia, with offices in Bangkok, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Jakarta, Vientiane, Phnom Penh, and Yangon. The firm's core practices are commercial transactions, mergers and acquisitions, dispute resolution, litigation, and intellectual property law.

Financial transaction
A financial transaction is an agreement, or communication, between a buyer and seller to exchange goods, services, or assets for payment. Any transaction involves a change in the status of the finances of two or more businesses or individuals. A financial transaction always involves one or more financial asset, most commonly money or another valuable item such as gold or silver.

There are many types of financial transactions. The most common type, purchases, occur when a good, service, or other commodity is sold to a consumer in exchange for money. Most purchases are made with cash payments, including physical currency, debit cards, or cheques. The other main form of payment is credit, which gives immediate access to funds in exchange for repayment at a later date.
Mayotte Marine Natural Park
The Mayotte Marine Natural Park (French: Parc naturel marin de Mayotte) is a marine park surrounding Mayotte, a French overseas region. Mayotte is part of the Comoro Islands archipelago, which lies within the Mozambique Channel in the western Indian Ocean. Established in 2010, the park covers the entirety of Mayotte's territorial waters and exclusive economic zone. It is contiguous with the Glorioso Islands Marine Natural Park, which was established two years later.

Habitats within the park include coral reefs, seagrass meadows, and the open ocean. There is a significant level of biodiversity, which includes a number of rare and endangered species. The park is important not just for wildlife, but for the people of Mayotte, with marine products being economically important to the territory.

Territorial waters
Territorial waters are informally an area of water where a sovereign state has jurisdiction, including internal waters, the territorial sea, the contiguous zone, the exclusive economic zone, and potentially the extended continental shelf (these components are sometimes collectively called the maritime zones). In a narrower sense, the term is often used as a synonym for the territorial sea.

Vessels have different rights and duties when passing through each area defined by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), one of the most ratified treaties. States cannot exercise their jurisdiction in waters beyond the exclusive economic zone, which are known as the high seas.
0-8-4T
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 0-8-4 represents the wheel arrangement of no leading wheels, eight powered and coupled driving wheels on four axles, and four trailing wheels on two axles (usually in a trailing bogie).

Driving wheel
On a steam locomotive, a driving wheel is a powered wheel which is driven by the locomotive's pistons (or turbine, in the case of a steam turbine locomotive). On a conventional, non-articulated locomotive, the driving wheels are all coupled together with side rods (also known as coupling rods); normally one pair is directly driven by the main rod, or connecting rod, which is connected to the end of the piston rod; power is transmitted to the others through the side rods.

On diesel and electric locomotives, the driving wheels may be directly driven by the traction motors. Coupling rods are not usually used, and it is quite common for each axle to have its own motor.  Jackshaft drive and coupling rods were used in the past (e.g. in the Swiss Crocodile locomotive) but their use is now confined to shunter locomotives.

On an articulated locomotive or a duplex locomotive, driving wheels are grouped into sets with wheels within each set linked together.
Voskhod (hydrofoil)
Voskhod (Russian: Восход, lit. 'Sunrise'), also known as "Design 352", "Design 03521" and Eurofoil, is a type of passenger hydrofoil boat built in the Soviet Union and later in Ukraine. Intended for use in rivers and lakes, good seaworthiness allows them to operate in coastal sea areas as well.

Seakeeping
Seakeeping ability or seaworthiness is a measure of how well-suited a watercraft is to conditions when underway. A ship or boat which has good seakeeping ability is said to be very seaworthy and is able to operate effectively even in high sea states.
Let's Put It All Together
Let's Put It All Together is the fourth studio album recorded by American R&B group The Stylistics, released in May 1974 on the Avco label. It was produced by Hugo & Luigi and recorded at Mediasound Studios in New York City. This was the group's first album recorded outside of Philadelphia.

Mediasound Studios
Mediasound was an American independent recording studio facility located at 311 West 57th Street in New York City established in 1969 by Harry Hirsch and Bob Walters with financial backing from Joel Rosenman and John P. Roberts.
Durham UCCE in 2005
The British cricket team Durham UCCE played three first-class games in 2005. They started their first-class season on a batting paradise in Taunton, which secured them their first draw of the year. Thanks to a painfully slow innings against Leicestershire, they drew their second game. Their third and final first-class match of the year was also a draw, although a close one - they finished with nine wickets down in the second innings.

David Balcombe
David John Balcombe (born 24 December 1984) is an English former cricketer who played primarily as a right-arm medium-fast bowler. Balcombe spent the majority of his professional career with Hampshire, but also played first-class cricket for Durham UCCE and Kent. In a career which spanned from 2005 to 2014, he took 196 wickets in first-class cricket.
Margareta of Opole
Margareta of Opole (Polish: Małgorzata; c. 1412/14 – 15 January 1454), was a Polish princess. She was a member of the Opole branch of House of Piast and by marriage a Duchess of Oława-Lubin-Chojnów.

She was the daughter of Duke Bolko IV of Opole, by his wife Margareta, possibly a member of the House of Görz.

County of Gorizia
The County of Gorizia (Italian: Contea di Gorizia, German: Grafschaft Görz, Slovene: Goriška grofija, Friulian: Contee di Gurize), from 1365 Princely County of Gorizia, was a State of the Holy Roman Empire. Originally mediate Vogts of the Patriarchs of Aquileia, the Counts of Gorizia (Meinhardiner) ruled over several fiefs in the area of Lienz and in the Friuli region of northeastern Italy with their residence at Gorizia (Görz).

In 1253 the Counts of Gorizia inherited the County of Tyrol, from 1271 onwards ruled by the Gorizia-Tyrol branch which became extinct in the male line in 1335. The younger line ruled the comital lands of Gorizia and Lienz until its extinction in 1500, whereafter the estates were finally acquired by the Austrian House of Habsburg.
Last Rumba in Havana
Last Rumba in Havana is a novel by the Afro-Cuban dissident writer and journalist Fernando Velázquez Medina, who was born in Havana in 1951. It was published in New York in December 2001 by the Hispanic newspaper chain Hoy LLC, and boasts a cover designed by the Colombian artist Juan Arango.

Afro-Cubans
Afro-Cubans (Spanish: Afrocubano) or Black Cubans are citizens of Cuba who have ancestry from any of the Black racial groups originating from Africa. The term Afro-Cuban can also refer to historical or cultural elements in Cuba associated with this community, and the combining of native African and other cultural elements found in Cuban society, such as race, religion, music, language, the arts and class culture.
Ivan Avanethan
Ivan Avanethan (transl. That is him) is a 1960 Indian Tamil-language film directed by P. Sridhar. The film stars Udhayakumar and Ambika. It was released on 25 March 1960, and became a success. No print of the film is known to survive, making it a lost film

Udaykumar
Bommasandra Srinivasaiah Suryanarayana Murthy (16 March 1933 – 26 December 1985), known professionally as Udaykumar, was an Indian actor, writer, and film producer who worked primarily in Kannada cinema. Along with Rajkumar and Kalyan Kumar, he was part of the trio known as the Kumarathrayaru ("the three Kumars") of Kannada cinema. In addition to acting, he wrote several stage dramas and books.

Uday Kumar appeared in a wide variety of roles and collaborated with many notable actors of his era. In the early part of his career, he was cast in heroic roles, but he later became known for portraying complex antagonists, particularly in historical and mythological films, where he was frequently cast opposite Rajkumar’s protagonist roles.
Jimmy Serrano
James Serrano (born May 9, 1976) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Kansas City Royals in 2004, and in the KBO League for the SK Wyverns in 2006. He bats and throws right-handed.

KBO League
The KBO League (Korean: KBO 리그) is a professional baseball league in South Korea. The league comprises ten teams. The KBO League was founded with six franchises in 1982 and is the most popular sports league in South Korea. The Kia Tigers are the most successful team, having won 12 of the 44 championships.

In comparison with American Major League Baseball, ESPN reports that the KBO level of play "appears to be somewhere between Double-A and Triple-A, on average, though the best players are more likely to be MLB-quality than your typical Double-A league." Historically, the KBO is known for its vocal and exuberant fan base, as well as the widespread practice of bat flips (ppa-dun (Korean: 빠던), a portmanteau of the "first syllables of the words for 'bat' and 'throw'") by hitters after striking what they think will be a home run. In the KBO, the bat flipping tradition dates to the 1990s.
Bondage hood
A bondage hood (also called a gimp mask or bondage mask) is a fetishistic hood. It may be made from rubber, latex, PVC, spandex, darlexx or leather.  Full-faced hoods are typically used for the practice of head bondage, and to restrain and objectify the wearer through depersonalization, disorientation and/or sensory deprivation.

The use of bondage hoods can be hazardous if breathing is impeded.

Bondage hoods are frequently referenced in popular culture, most notably in the film Pulp Fiction.

Sexual fetishism
Sexual fetishism is a sexual fixation on anything not considered sexual by its respective nature. The object of interest is called the fetish; the person who has a fetish is a fetishist. A sexual fetish may be regarded as a mental disorder if it causes significant psychosocial distress for the person or has detrimental effects on important areas of their life. Sexual arousal from a particular body part can be further classified as partialism.

Medical definitions restrict the term sexual fetishism to objects or body parts. In common language, fetish is also used for a sexual interest in specific activities, people, types of people, substances, or situations.
A. S. Ponnanna
A. S. Ponnanna (born 1975) is an Indian politician from Karnataka. He is a member of the Karnataka Legislative Assembly from Virajpet Assembly constituency in Kodagu district. He represents Indian National Congress Party and won the 2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election.

Kodagu district
Kodagu district (Kodava: [koɖɐɡɨ, -ʋɨ], also known by its former name Coorg, Kodava: koḍagï, koḍavï) is an administrative district in the Karnataka state of India. Before 1956, it was an administratively separate Coorg State at which point it was merged into an enlarged Mysore State.
Guest iin London
Guest iin London  is a 2017 Indian Hindi-language comedy-drama film written and directed by Ashwni Dhir. It is a spiritual sequel to Atithi Tum Kab Jaoge? (2010). It stars Kartik Aaryan, Kriti Kharbanda, Paresh Rawal and Tanvi Azmi. The film is produced by Panorama Studios and co-produced by Nishant Pitti. The film revolves around Aryan Shergill (Kartik Aaryan) and his girlfriend Anaya Patel (Kriti Kharbanda), and their lives which take a turn when uninvited guests visit them in London. It was released worldwide on 7 July 2017, to negative reviews from critics.

Spiritual successor
A spiritual successor (sometimes called a spiritual sequel) is a product or fictional work that is similar to, or directly inspired by, another previous product or work, but (unlike a traditional prequel or sequel) does not explicitly continue the product line or media franchise of its predecessor, and is thus only a successor "in spirit". Spiritual successors often have similar themes and styles to their preceding material, but are generally a distinct intellectual property.

In fiction, the term generally refers to a work by a creator that shares similarities to one of their earlier works, but is set in a different continuity, and features distinct characters and settings. Such works may arise when licensing issues prevent a creator from releasing a direct sequel using the same copyrighted characters and names as the original.
Ahtziri Sandoval
Ahtziri Viridiana Sandoval Pérez (born 5 October 1996 in Guadalajara) is a Mexican artistic gymnast. She is the 2017 Pan American vault champion and uneven bars silver medalist. She is the 2018 Central American and Caribbean Games uneven bars champion and team and vault bronze medalist. She represented Mexico at the 2024 Summer Olympics.

Gymnastics at the 2024 Summer Olympics
Gymnastics competitions at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris were contested in three categories: artistic gymnastics, rhythmic gymnastics and trampolining. The artistic (27 July to 5 August) and trampoline (2 August) events took place at the Accor Arena (referred to as the Bercy Arena due to IOC sponsorship rules), with the rhythmic events staged at Porte de La Chapelle Arena from 8 to 10 August.
Leo Visser
Leendert "Leo" Visser (born 13 January 1966) is a Dutch former speed skater, who in 1989 won the World Allround championships and European championships.

At the 1988 Olympics in Calgary he won a silver medal in the 5000 m and a bronze medal in the 10 000 meter. Four years later, at the 1992 Olympics in Albertville, Visser won a bronze medal in both the 1,500 and the 5,000 metres, behind Norwegians Johann Olav Koss and Geir Karlstad.

Nationally, he won the allround titles in 1988, 1989 and 1991, as well as four distance titles.

After his career as a speed skater, Visser became a pilot and he is now captain on the Boeing 777 for Dutch airline KLM. In 2002, he was the chef de mission for the Dutch Olympic team. His wife, Sandra Voetelink, is also a former Olympic speed skater.

Albertville
Albertville (French pronunciation: [albɛʁvil] ⓘ; Arpitan: Arbèrtvile) is a subprefecture of the Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in southeastern France. 
It is best known for hosting the 1992 Winter Olympics and Paralympics. In 2022, the commune had a population of 19,706; its urban area had 40,715 inhabitants.