hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
SHAD (summer program)
Shad Canada (formerly known as Shad Valley) is an annual Canadian summer enrichment program for high-achieving high school students in July. The program is open to both Canadian and international students. The program is offered at 21 participating universities across Canada.

Shad focuses on both academic learning through lectures, workshops, labs and group projects as-well as the development of an individual and community. These experiences are usually focused on the areas of science, technology, engineering, arts, and/or mathematics (STEAM).

There is a rigorous application process, which goes in-depth into both the students' academics and extra-curriculars. In 2020, over 2,400 students applied. Shad normally runs for four weeks in July. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, SHAD has been hosted online during the summer of 2020 and the summer of 2021.

Waterloo, Ontario
Waterloo is a city in the Canadian province of Ontario. It is one of three cities in the Regional Municipality of Waterloo (formerly Waterloo County). Waterloo is situated about 94 km (58 mi) west-southwest of Toronto, but it is not considered to be part of the Greater Toronto Area (GTA). Due to the close proximity of the city of Kitchener to Waterloo, the two together are often referred to as "Kitchener–Waterloo", "K-W", or "The Twin Cities". Nearby Cambridge, Ontario is also sometimes grouped in, creating KWC or "Tri-cities".

While several unsuccessful attempts to combine the municipalities of Kitchener and Waterloo have been made, following the 1973 establishment of the Region of Waterloo, less motivation to do so existed, and as a result, Waterloo remains an independent city. At the time of the 2021 census, the population of Waterloo was 121,436.
2004 Melbourne Cup
The 2004 Melbourne Cup was the 144th running of the Melbourne Cup, a prestigious Australian Thoroughbred horse race. The race, run over 3,200 metres (1.988 mi), was held on 2 November 2004 at Melbourne's Flemington Racecourse.

It was won by Makybe Diva at the age of six, trained by Lee Freedman and ridden by Glen Boss.

Flemington Racecourse
Flemington Racecourse is a major horse racing venue located in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.  It is most notable for hosting the Melbourne Cup, which is the world's richest handicap and the world's richest 3200-metre horse race.  The racecourse is situated on low alluvial flats, next to the Maribyrnong River.  The area was first used for horse racing in March 1840.
Bonnevie
Bonnevie is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andreas Bonnevie (1782–1833), Norwegian priest and politician

Carl Bonnevie (1881–1972), Norwegian jurist and peace activist

Carl Siegfried Bonnevie (1804–1856), Norwegian naval officer

Dina Bonnevie (born 1961), Filipino-Swiss actress

Honoratus Bonnevie (physician) (1726–1811), Norwegian physician

Honoratus Bonnevie (politician) (1797–1848), Norwegian politician

Lou Bonnevie (born 1965), Filipino musician

Margarete Bonnevie (1884–1970), Norwegian author, feminist and politician

Maria Bonnevie (born 1973), Swedish-Norwegian actress

Lou Bonnevie
Maria Lourdes Rosario Perello Bonnevie, better known by her stage name Lou Bonnevie (born October 6, 1965, in Bicol), is a Filipina pop rock musician. She has released several albums since the beginning of her career in 1984. Her music was also used in the AD Police OVA series in Japan. She is the first cousin of Dina Bonnevie. She attended University of Saint Anthony High School in Iriga City and University of Santo Tomas in España, Manila. She is of French and Spanish descent.
Oromo People's Congress
The Oromo People's Congress (OPC) was a federalist and Oromo nationalist opposition political party in Ethiopia. It was founded in April 1996 as the Oromo National Congress by Merera Gudina, who was its chairman. However, the party licence and name were allegedly given to a marginal splinter group by the National Election Board of Ethiopia in order to undermine the party and create confusion among the voters after the May 2005 election, so the party was forced to change its name to Oromo People's Congress prior to the 2008 by-elections. OPC merged with Oromo Federalist Democratic Movement (OFDM), forming the Oromo Federalist Congress (OFC), in 2012.

2008 Ethiopian local elections
Ethiopia held nationwide elections for local offices in the kebele and woreda assemblies on 13 and 20 April 2008. By-elections were also held for seats in the Addis Ababa City Council, and in the national and regional parliaments that were vacant due to the Coalition for Unity and Democracy's (CUD) refusal to participate at the same time. By law, the local elections were supposed to be held as part of the 2005 general elections, but due to the resulting unrest they were postponed.
Scherger
Scherger is a surname of German origin, possibly being a variant of the surname Scherge, which originated as an occupational name for a messenger bailiff henchman. Notable people with the surname include:

Frederick Scherger (1904-1984), Australian military commander

George Scherger (1920-2011), American professional baseball player, coach, and manager

George L. Scherger (1874-1941), American minister, musician, writer, historian, and educator

Joseph E. Scherger (born 1950), American medical director

George Scherger
George Richard Scherger (November 10, 1920 – October 13, 2011) was an American professional baseball player, coach, and manager.

He played as an infielder for 19 seasons in the Brooklyn/Los Angeles Dodgers minor league organization, serving as a player-manager for the last ten. He then spent 19 years in the Cincinnati Reds system. He managed Reds' farm clubs for six seasons and served on the major league coaching staff for 13 seasons.
Charged-particle equilibrium
In radiological physics, charged-particle equilibrium (CPE) occurs when the number of charged particles leaving a volume is equal to the number entering, for each energy and type of particle.  When CPE exists in an irradiated medium, the absorbed dose in the volume is equal to the collision kerma.

In order for this to occur, energy is needed.

Kerma (physics)
In radiation physics, kerma is an acronym for "kinetic energy released per unit mass" (alternately, "kinetic energy released in matter", "kinetic energy released in material", or "kinetic energy released in materials"), defined as the sum of the initial kinetic energies of all the charged particles liberated by uncharged ionizing radiation (i.e., indirectly ionizing radiation such as photons and neutrons) in a sample of matter, divided by the mass of the sample. It is defined by the quotient
.
Loggia del Grano, Florence
The Loggia del Grano is a 17th-century rectangular building with an open ground floor arcade, located on Piazzetta del Grano, at the corner of via de' Neri and via de' Castellani, just southeast of the Palazzo Vecchio, in Florence, region of Tuscany, Italy; the portico served as the marketplace for grains while the upper stories were used for storage.

The loggia was commissioned in 1619 by Grand Duke Cosimo II de'Medici from the architect Giulio Parigi, pupil of Bernardo Buontalenti. The bust of the Grand Duke stands on the facade on Via del Neri. In the 19th century, the upper structure was converted into a theater, later into a cinema.

On the Northwest corner is a small marble fountain, Fontana del Mascherone, with a grotesque face, designed and sculpted by Chiarissimo Fancelli, inspired by the Fontana dello Sprone in Oltrarno that had been built by Bernardo Buontalenti. Fancelli also was the author of the bust of Cosimo II.

Giulio Parigi
Giulio Parigi (6 April 1571 – 13 July 1635) was an Italian architect and designer.

He was the main member of a family of architects and designers working for the Grand Ducal court of the Medici.  His father, Alfonso Parigi the Elder, was an architect and designer working in Florence for the Grand Duke of Tuscany. He became noted as one of the most innovative stage designers of the 17th-century and was also the first architect to use the loggia style in public buildings.
2017 FIVB Volleyball World Grand Prix
The 2017 FIVB Volleyball World Grand Prix was the 25th edition of the annual women's international volleyball tournament played by 32 teams between 7 July and 6 August. The Group 1 Final Round was held in Nanjing, China.

Defending champions Brazil won their record twelfth title in the tournament after a 3–2 win over Italy. Serbia captured their third bronze medal in the competition by defeating China in a rematch of the previous year's Olympic final. Natália Pereira from Brazil was elected the MVP for the second straight year.

In the Group 2 finals held in Ostrava, Czech Republic, Poland defeated South Korea in straight sets.

Moreover, Hungary finished atop of Group 3 at their first-ever World Grand Prix participation after a 3–0 win over the home team in the final match in Canberra, Australia.

Italy women's national volleyball team
The Italy women's national volleyball team represents the country in international competitions and friendly matches. As of 2025, they hold three major trophies: they are the current Olympics champions, 2025 FIVB Women's Volleyball Nations League title holders and world champions. The national team is controlled by the Federazione Italiana Pallavolo (FIPAV), the governing body for volleyball in Italy. The team's biggest victories were the gold medal at the 2024 Summer Olympics, the 2002 and 2025 World Championships, and the 2007 and 2011 World Cups. In 28 September 2025, with Italy equaled a record previously held by the USSR by becoming world volleyball champions in both men’s and women’s competitions — a feat the Soviet Union had achieved in 1952 and 1960.
LEO LT
LEO LT AB or Lithuanian Electricity Organization (Lithuanian: Lietuvos elektros organizacija) was a national energy holding company in Lithuania. The company owned shares of Lithuania's three major electric power production and distribution companies. It was established in early 2008 to raise funds for the construction of the planned Visaginas Nuclear Power Plant after close down of Ignalina Plant, and Lithuania–Sweden and Lithuania–Poland power connections. The decision to liquidate the company, mired in controversies and attacked by critics, was reached by the shareholder of LEO LT on 4 September 2009.

LitPol Link
LitPol Link is an electricity link between Poland and Lithuania which connects the Baltic power systems to the Continental Europe Synchronous Area. It has a capacity of 500 MW and since 2025 operates in a synchronous regime.
Damban
DambamListenⓘ is a Local Government Area of Bauchi State, Nigeria. Its administrative headquarter is located in the town of Dambam.  It has two district Dagauda and Jalam

It has an area of 1,077 km2 and a population of 150,922 at the 2006 census.

The postal code of the area is 751.

Postal code
A postal code (also known locally in various English-speaking countries throughout the world as a postcode, post code, PIN or ZIP Code) is a series of letters or digits or both, sometimes including spaces or punctuation, included in a postal address for the purpose of sorting mail.

As of August 2021, the Universal Postal Union lists 160 countries which require the use of a postal code.

Although postal codes are usually assigned to geographical areas, special codes are sometimes assigned to individual addresses or to institutions that receive large volumes of mail, such as government agencies and large commercial companies. One example is the French CEDEX system.
Jason Bieler
Jason Bieler (also often known simply as "Jason") is a singer, guitarist and songwriter who is most famous for playing with metal band Saigon Kick.

He has also played in other bands, including an early touring version of Talisman and Super TransAtlantic, which also featured several other Saigon Kick members and Extreme bassist Pat Badger.

Bieler self-released a solo album in 1998 titled Houston, We Have a Problem.

After the demise of Super TransAtlantic, Bieler and his brother Aaron founded Bieler Bros. Records based in South Florida.

Bieler's second solo album Songs for the Apocalypse was released 21 January 2021 through Frontiers Records.

Extreme (band)
Extreme is an American rock band formed in Boston, Massachusetts, in 1985, that reached the height of their popularity in the late 1980s and early 1990s. They have released six studio albums, two EPs (in Japan) and two compilation albums since their formation. The band was one of the most successful rock acts of the early 1990s, selling over 10 million albums worldwide.

Extreme achieved its greatest success with their second album Pornograffitti (1990), which peaked at number 10 on the Billboard 200, and was certified gold in May 1991 and double platinum in October 1992. The album featured the acoustic ballad single "More Than Words", which reached No. 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States.
Solid Clouds
Solid Clouds is an Icelandic video game developer located in Reykjavík. It was founded in 2013 by Stefán Gunnarsson, a graduate in computer science from Reykjavík University, and Stefán Þór Björnsson of Íslandsbanki. Solid Clouds has secured both private and public funding in its foundational years with the largest round in January 2018.

In 2013, Solid Clouds began development on Starborne using the Unity engine. It is a combination of 4X and massively multiplayer online real-time strategy game. Solid Clouds was selected for the Nordic Showcase 2016 at the annual Slush conference. Development of Starborne has received favorable coverage by video game press for its sixth and seventh alpha development rounds.

Reykjavík University
Reykjavík University (RU; Icelandic: Háskólinn í Reykjavík, pronounced [ˈhauːˌskouːlɪn iː ˈreiːcaˌviːk], lit. 'The University in Reykjavík') is the largest private university in Iceland with approximately 3,300 students. It is chartered by the Chamber of Commerce, the Federation of Icelandic Industries, and the Confederation of Icelandic Employers.

The university consists of seven academic departments in two schools. Within the School of Social Sciences are: the Department of Law, Department of Business Administration, Department of Sport Science, and Department of Psychology. Within the School of Technology are the Department of Computer Science, Department of Engineering, and Department of Applied Engineering. The university is bilingual (English and Icelandic).
Horizont Minsk
BC Horizont is a Belarusian women's basketball club from Minsk region. The team has been Belarusian League champions in 2011, 2012, 2016, 2021, 2022, and 2023, Belarusian Cup winners in 2012, 2013, 2014, 2016, 2021, 2022, 2024, and 2025, and EWBL champions in 2021.

It has appeared in the Ronchetti Cup (1993, 1994) and the FIBA EuroCup.

Minsk region
Minsk region, also known as Minsk oblast or Minsk voblasts, is one of the six regions of Belarus. Its administrative center is Minsk, although it is a separate administrative territorial entity of Belarus. The region's population was recorded at 1,411,500 in 2011.
Shipunovo
Shipunovo (Russian: Шипуново) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Shipunovo, Rossiysky Selsoviet, Shipunovsky District, Altai Krai, a selo in Rossiysky Selsoviet of Shipunovsky District of Altai Krai

Shipunovo, Shipunovsky Selsoviet, Shipunovsky District, Altai Krai, a selo in Shipunovsky Selsoviet of Shipunovsky District of Altai Krai

Shipunovo, Ust-Pristansky District, Altai Krai, a selo in Ust-Pristansky Selsoviet of Ust-Pristansky District of Altai Krai

Shipunovo, Novosibirsk Oblast, a selo in Suzunsky District of Novosibirsk Oblast

Shipunovo, Omsk Oblast, a selo in Shipunovsky Rural Okrug of Krutinsky District of Omsk Oblast

Shipunovo, Babushkinsky District, Vologda Oblast, a village in Podbolotny Selsoviet of Babushkinsky District of Vologda Oblast

Shipunovo, Sokolsky District, Vologda Oblast, a village in Vorobyevsky Selsoviet of Sokolsky District of Vologda Oblast

Babushkinsky District, Vologda Oblast
Babushkinsky District (Russian: Ба́бушкинский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the oblast and borders with Nyuksensky District in the north, Kichmengsko-Gorodetsky District in the northeast, Nikolsky District in the east, Kologrivsky and Chukhlomsky Districts of Kostroma Oblast in the south, and with Totemsky District in the west. The area of the district is 7,761 square kilometers (2,997 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of imeni Babushkina. District's population: 12,779 (2010 Census); 14,994 (2002 Census); 18,037 (1989 Soviet census). The population of imeni Babushkina accounts for 31.6% of the district's population.
Kalbajar
Kalbajar (Azerbaijani: Kəlbəcər (listen)ⓘ; Armenian: Քարվաճառ, romanized: Karvachar) is a city and the capital of the Kalbajar District of Azerbaijan. Located in the Tartar Valley, it is 458 kilometres (285 mi) away from the country's capital city Baku.

Before the First Nagorno-Karabakh War, the city had a population of 7,246 people. It was captured by Armenia on 2 April 1993, after which its Azerbaijani population was expelled and replaced with Armenians. As part of the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh ceasefire agreement, which ended the Second Nagorno-Karabakh War, it was returned to Azerbaijan on 25 November of that year.

Kurdistan Uezd
Kurdistan Uezd, also known colloquially as Red Kurdistan, was a Soviet administrative unit within the Azerbaijan SSR that existed for six years from 1923 to 1929 and included the districts of Kalbajar, Lachin, Qubadli and part of Jabrayil. It was part of Azerbaijan SSR, with the administrative center being in Lachin. It was briefly succeeded by the Kurdistan Okrug from 30 May to 23 July 1930.
North Georgia Technical College
North Georgia Technical College (NGTC) is a public technical college in Clarkesville, Georgia, with additional campuses in Toccoa (known as the Currahee campus, named after nearby Currahee Mountain) and Blairsville. It is part of the Technical College System of Georgia. The college serves Habersham, Stephens, Union, Fannin, White, Rabun, Towns, and Franklin counties.

NGTC is accredited by the Commission on Colleges of the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools to award associate degrees. It is also accredited by the Council on Occupational Education. As of 2022 NGTC no longer has an Engineering Associates program.

Towns County, Georgia
Towns County is a county in the Northeast region of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,493. Its county seat is Hiawassee. The county was created on March 6, 1856, and named for lawyer, legislator, and politician George W. Towns.
Lecanora austrae-frigidae
Lecanora austrae-frigidae is a rare species of lignicolous (wood-dwelling) and crustose lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. Found in Antarctica, it was formally described as a new species in 2009 by Norwegian lichenologist Dag Øvstedal. The type specimen was collected from Deception Island (part of the South Shetland Islands). Here it was found growing on the imported timber of a decrepit whaling station. The lichen has a pale yellow-green, crustose thallus up to 2–3 cm (0.8–1.2 in) wide and up to 0.3 mm thick. The apothecia start out immersed in the thallus, but later become sessile; they are up to 0.7 mm wide with a flat, orange-brown disc. No mature ascospores were detected in the type specimen. Several lichen products are found in Lecanora austrae-frigidae: arthothelin is a major metabolite, while minor compounds include atranorin, lichexanthone, and several chlorinated derivatives of both lichexanthone and norlichexanthone.

Deception Island
Deception Island is in the South Shetland Islands close to the Antarctic Peninsula with a large and usually "safe" natural harbour, which is occasionally affected by the underlying active volcano. This island is the caldera of an active volcano, which seriously damaged local scientific stations in 1967 and 1969. The island previously held a whaling station. It has now become a tourist destination, attracting over 15,000 visitors annually. Two research stations are operated by Argentina and Spain during the summer season. While various countries have asserted sovereignty, it is still administered under the Antarctic Treaty System, meaning it is under no control.
Adelaide Hebrew Congregation
The Adelaide Hebrew Congregation is a Modern Orthodox synagogue and congregation in Adelaide, in South Australia. The congregation was first established in 1848, and the synagogue was completed in 1850. A larger synagogue building was constructed in 1870 in the CBD. In 1990, the congregation relocated to a new purpose-built synagogue in Glenside, where it shared a campus with the Jewish Day School, Massada College. The school closed in 2011 and the synagogue has recently returned to a new location on Grote Street in the CBD.

Jewish day school
A Jewish day school is a modern Jewish educational institution that is designed to provide children with both a Jewish and a secular education in one school on a full-time basis. The term "day school" is used to differentiate schools attended during the day from part time weekend schools as well as secular or religious "boarding school" equivalents where the students live full-time as well as study. The substance of the "Jewish" component varies from school to school, community to community, and usually depends on the Jewish denominations of the schools' founders. While some schools may stress Judaism and Torah study others may focus more on Jewish history, Hebrew language, Yiddish language, Jewish culture, and Zionism. This is in addition to secular content that is the same as public school curricula.
Barnaby Metschurat
Barnaby Metschurat (born 22 September 1974, in West Berlin) is a German actor. He completed his training at the school Die Etage in Berlin. One of his first television roles was in 1993 as Kaspar Riedel in the German TV series Unser Lehrer Doktor Specht. He participates in cinema and television films and series.

In 2000 he played "Rosencrantz" in Peter Zadek's critically acclaimed production of Hamlet.

He won the Best New Actor category at the 2002 Bavarian Film Awards (Best Acting).

In the films L'Auberge espagnole (2002) and its sequel The Russian Dolls (2006), he played the role of the German, Tobias. He also starred in Solino (2002) and Anatomy 2 (2003).  In 2016 he played the Nazi Joseph Goebbels in the Jesse Owens story Race. His most-recent appearance is in the 2021 crime drama "Ostfriesenangst."

In 2010 he made his debut as a director in the short film Sunny and Roswitha.

Barnaby lives in Berlin and has a son and a daughter.

Bavarian Film Awards (Best Acting)
The Bavarian Film Awards (German: Bayerischer Filmpreis) have been awarded annually since 1979 by the state government of Bavaria in Germany. They are among the most highly regarded awards for filmmaking achievement in Germany. There are several categories for actors and actresses.
Lada Engchawadechasilp
Lada Engchawadechasilp (Thai: ลดา เองชวเดชาศิลป์) is a Thai-American model and beauty pageant titleholder who won the Miss Thailand World 2001. Born in Los Angeles, California, she represented Thailand in the Miss World 2001 pageant, where she was named Miss Photogenic. She is a graduate of UCLA.

Miss World 2001
Miss World 2001 was the 51st edition of the Miss World pageant, held at the Super Bowl of Sun City Entertainment Centre in Sun City, South Africa, on 16 November 2001.

Priyanka Chopra of India crowned Agbani Darego of Nigeria as her successor at the end of the event. This is the first time Nigeria won the title of Miss World.