hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Sounds of Old Earth
"The Sounds of Old Earth" is a science fiction short story  by American writer  Matthew Kressel,  published in the January 2013 issue of Lightspeed Magazine. The story was nominated for a Nebula Award for Best Short Story and was included in the book  Nebula Awards Showcase 2015.

Matthew Kressel
Matthew Kressel is a multiple Nebula, World Fantasy Award, and Eugie Award nominated author and coder. His short stories have been published in Reactor, io9, Lightspeed, Clarkesworld Magazine, Beneath Ceaseless Skies, Interzone, Apex Magazine, and many other magazines and anthologies. His first novel King of Shards was released in 2015.

As a coder, he created the Moksha submissions system, a manuscript submissions system in use by some of the largest speculative fiction publishers today. He is the founder of the speculative fiction magazine Sybil's Garage and the publishing house Senses Five Press. Currently he is a member of the Altered Fluid writing group and the co-host of the Fantastic Fiction at KGB reading series in Manhattan.
Team Waoo
Team Waoo was a Danish UCI Continental team founded in 2012, and disbanded in 2019. In July 2016 Bjarne Riis and former Saxo Bank CEO Lars Seier announced that they had taken the team over and renamed it Team Virtu Pro-Veloconcept, with the intention of it functioning as the development team for a planned UCI WorldTeam. On 11 September 2017 the team changed its name into Team Virtu Cycling, after a new owner, Jan Bech Andersen, had bought one third of the shares.
In July 2018, the name changed again to Team Waoo.

Mads Würtz Schmidt
Mads Würtz Schmidt (born 31 March 1994) is a Danish racing cyclist, who rides for gravel team PAS Racing. He rode at the 2013 UCI Road World Championships. In May 2018, he was named in the startlist for the 2018 Giro d'Italia. In July 2019, he was named in the startlist for the 2019 Tour de France. In June 2021, he won the Danish National Road Race Championships.
Charlotte Route 4
Route 4 is an 18.6-mile (29.9 km) partial ring road located in Charlotte, North Carolina.  Beginning and ending at Interstate 85 (I-85), it loops south around Uptown Charlotte along state-maintained secondary roads, connecting the Charlotte Douglas International Airport and several city neighborhoods including Madison Park, Myers Park, Windsor Park and Sugar Creek.  The route is posted by the Charlotte Department of Transportation (CDOT), using a modified pentagonal county road shield, with a green background and the city's crown logo above the number. The loop has a radius of about 4 miles (6.4 km), hence the number.

Cloverleaf interchange
A cloverleaf interchange is a two-level interchange in which all turns are handled by slip roads. To go left (in right-hand traffic; reverse directions in left-driving regions), vehicles first continue as one road passes over or under the other, then exit right onto a one-way three-quarter loop ramp (270°) and merge onto the intersecting road. The objective of a cloverleaf is to allow two highways to cross without the need for any traffic to be stopped by traffic lights. The limiting factor in the capacity of a cloverleaf interchange is traffic weaving.
Faculdades Integradas Hélio Alonso
Hélio Alonso University or FACHA is a private university founded on December 6, 1971, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil by professor Hélio Alonso (1929-2015). It has two campi: one located in Méier and one in Botafogo.

Méier
Méier is a middle class neighborhood in the North Zone of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The neighborhood is the historic center of the "Área dos Engenhos", or "Mill Area", which today is known as Grande Méier (Great Méier) and has been a sub-prefecture since 2013. As a result, it has a wide range of shops and a variety of services and transport, although it is not one of the largest neighborhoods of the municipality. In the neighborhood is located one of the first shopping centers in Brazil, Shopping do Méier, opened in 1963. It has two distinct urban appearances, one more bustling, commercial, in the areas close to the train station, and a quieter one, on more residential streets.
Fibe (Bell Aliant)
Fibe (formerly FibreOP) is the brand name used by Bell Aliant for its suite of fibre to the home (FTTH) unified communication services, including Internet access, IPTV, and home telephone service, available in much of Atlantic Canada and previously in some regions of Ontario and Quebec. The Fibe service covers an entire urban area with a fibre optic network.

Miramichi, New Brunswick
Miramichi (/ˌmɛrəməˈʃiː/ /ˌmɪrəmɪˈʃiː/) is the largest city in northern New Brunswick, Canada. It is situated at the mouth of the Miramichi River where it enters Miramichi Bay. The Miramichi Valley is the second longest valley in New Brunswick, after the Saint John River Valley.

On 1 January 2023, Miramichi annexed parts of two local service districts on its northern border; revised census information has not been released.
Chicago and Aurora Railroad
The Chicago and Aurora Railroad was a direct predecessor of the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad. Its original incorporation as the Aurora Branch Railroad, chartered in February 1849, started as a twelve-mile branch line which Class I giant BNSF cites as the beginning of their empire: this "short stretch of track set BNSF’s destiny into ‘loco-motion’ and grew over many decades into a network spanning 32,500 miles." Beginning in 1853, as the Chicago and Aurora Railroad, the company's tracks eventually extended from Chicago to Mendota via Aurora, Illinois, also creating what would become the oldest commuter line in the Chicago area.

Railroad classes
Railroad classes are the system by which freight railroads are designated in the United States. Railroads are assigned to Class I, II or III according to annual revenue criteria originally set by the Surface Transportation Board in 1992. With annual adjustments for inflation, the 2019 thresholds were US$504,803,294 for Class I carriers and US$40,384,263 for Class II carriers. (Smaller carriers were Class III by default.)

There are six Class I freight railroad companies in the United States: BNSF Railway, CSX Transportation, Canadian National Railway, CPKC, Norfolk Southern Railway, and Union Pacific Railroad. Canadian National also operates in Canada and CPKC operates in Canada and Mexico.

In addition, the national passenger railroad in the United States, Amtrak, would qualify as Class I if it were a freight carrier, as would Canada's Via Rail passenger service. Mexico's Ferromex freight railroad would also qualify as Class I, but it does not operate in the United States.
Tuver Wundi
Tuver Tuverekwevyo Wundi is a Congolese journalist known for his reporting from North Kivu, where he was the provincial director of Radio-Télévision nationale congolaise in Goma until July 2025. He has reported on the M23 campaign, a conflict between the rebel Congo River Alliance and the government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, which has heavily impacted North Kivu.

Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
The Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, also known as the Cabinet, is the junior institution in the executive branch of the central authority governing the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the senior institution being the President of the Republic. The President is the head of state whereas the Prime Minister is the head of government.
Liyang Plain
Liyang Plain or Liyang Pingyuan (simplified Chinese: 澧阳平原; traditional Chinese: 澧陽平原; pinyin: Lǐyáng píngyuán) is a plain is located in the middle and lower reaches of the Lishui River on the northwestern shore of Dongting Lake in Hunan Province. It includes numerous rivers and lakes.

Liyang Plain is recognized as one of the first places where rice cultivation originated in the world.

Lishui River
Lishui River (also known as Li River, Chinese language: 澧水, pinyin: lǐshuǐ, Wade-Giles: li3-shui3) is a river in Hunan province of China,  one of the Yangtze River's four largest tributaries in the province.

Lishui has three origination places, the north, the middle and the south. The north one is the most important place, origination from Shanmujie of Sangzhi County in Zhangjiajie. The middle one, origination from the east side of the Badagong Mountain in Sangzhi and the south place, origination from Longjiazhai of Yongshun County in Xiangxi. The three originations join the main river in Nancha of Sangzhi, then runs east. Loushui River is a tributary of Lishui River.

It flows into the Dongting Lake at Xiaodukou in Jinshi. Its total length is 388 kilometres (241 mi).
Geir Thoresen
Geir Thoresen (born 11 August 1965) is a Norwegian politician formerly representing the Progress Party.

He served as a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway from Buskerud during the term 1993–1997. In total he met during 99 days of parliamentary session.

Following the 1994 Progress Party national convention he left the Progress Party. Ahead of the convention he had submitted party-critical resolutions together with libertarian-leaning members. He left the party some time after the convention, and became leader of the county branch of the Free Democrats in Buskerud.

Buskerud
Buskerud (Urban East Norwegian pronunciation: [ˈbʉ̂skərʉː] ⓘ) is a county in Norway, bordering Akershus, Oslo, Innlandet, Vestland, Telemark and Vestfold. It extends from Oslofjord and Drammensfjord in the southeast to the Hardangervidda mountain range in the northwest. The administrative centre of the county is Drammen.

Buskerud was one of the three counties merged into Viken on 1 January 2020. On 23 February 2022, the Viken County Council voted 49-38 to submit an application to the Norwegian government for a demerger of itself. Due to this, Buskerud (except the area forming the defunct municipalities of Røyken and Hurum) was re-established in 2024.
Coeducation at Dartmouth
Coeducation in Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire, began in 1972 when Dartmouth College president John G. Kemeny installed a year-round program ensuring women's admission to the college. Kemeny's action created significant controversy among alumni and male students.

John G. Kemeny
John George Kemeny (born Kemény János György; May 31, 1926 – December 26, 1992) was a Hungarian-born American mathematician, computer scientist, and educator best known for co-developing the BASIC programming language in 1964 with Thomas E. Kurtz. Kemeny served as the 13th President of Dartmouth College from 1970 to 1981 and pioneered the use of computers in college education. Kemeny chaired the presidential commission that investigated the Three Mile Island accident in 1979. According to György Marx he was one of "The Martians".
Half and half nail
Half and half nails (also known as "Lindsay's nails") show the proximal portion of the nail white and the distal half red, pink, or brown, with a sharp line of demarcation between the two halves.: 785  The darker distal discoloration does not fade on pressure, which differentiates Lindsay's nails from Terry's nails. The discoloration is thought to be due to β-melanocyte–stimulating hormone. Seventy percent of hemodialysis patients and 56% of renal transplant patients have at least one type of nail abnormality.  Absence of lunula, splinter hemorrhage, and half and half nails were significantly more common in hemodialysis patients, while leukonychia was significantly more common in transplant patients.: 785 : 659

Lunula (anatomy)
The lunula (pl.: lunulae; from Latin 'little moon') is the crescent-shaped whitish area of the bed of a fingernail or toenail.

In humans, it appears by week 14 of gestation, and has a primary structural role in defining the free edge of the distal nail plate (the part of the nail that grows outward).
Albeck (surname)
Albeck is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Amnon Albeck, (born 1958) Israeli chemist

Andy Albeck (1921–2010), American film studio executive

Hanoch Albeck (1890–1972), Israeli Talmudist

Michael Albeck (born 1934), Israeli chemist; President of Bar-Ilan University

Stan Albeck (1931–2021), American basketball coach

Bar-Ilan University
Bar-Ilan University (BIU, Hebrew: אוניברסיטת בר-אילן, Universitat Bar-Ilan) is a public research university in the Tel Aviv District city of Ramat Gan, Israel. Established in 1955, Bar Ilan is Israel's second-largest academic university institution. It has 20,000 students and 1,350 faculty members.

Bar-Ilan's mission is to "blend Jewish tradition with modern technologies and scholarship and the university endeavors to ... teach the Jewish heritage to all its students while providing [an] academic education." The university is among the best in the Middle East in the fields of computer science, engineering, engineering physics and applied physics. In 2024, the university was donated $260 million, one of the biggest donations to a university in Israeli history, for investment in science. The donor wished to remain anonymous.
Bunjikat
Bunjikat (Russian: Бунчикат; Tajik: Бунҷикат, formerly: Yangiqurghon, Tajik: Янгӣқурғон; Persian: ینگی‌قرغان) is a jamoat in north-west Tajikistan. It is in Shahriston District in Sughd Region. The jamoat has a total population of 15,344 (2015). It consists of 7 villages, including Guliston (the seat), Obodi and Sebzor.

The archaeological site of Bunjikat is the location of the former capital of the Principality of Ushrusana.

Principality of Ushrusana
The Principality of Ushrusana (also spelled Usrushana, Osrushana or Ustrushana) was a local dynasty ruling the Ushrusana region, in the northern area of modern Tajikistan, from an unknown date to 892 CE. Ushrusana, just like Ferghana, did not belong to Sogdia proper, but its inhabitants wrote in Sogdian, and may have spoken the Sogdian language as well. The rulers of the principality were known by their title of Afshin.
Hanagata
Hanagata (written: 花形 lit. "floral pattern") is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Keiko Hanagata (花形 恵子; 1935–2015), Japanese voice actress

Rei Hanagata (花形 怜), Japanese manga artist

Susumu Hanagata (花形 進; born 1947), Japanese boxer

Susumu Hanagata
Susumu Hanagata (花形進 Hanagata Susumu, born January 21, 1947) is a Japanese former professional boxer in the flyweight division. Hanagata won the WBA flyweight championship in 1974 when he defeated Thai champion Chartchai Chionoi via a sixth-round technical knockout.
Plucky Liege
Plucky Liege (1912–1937) was a British Thoroughbred racemare who produced eleven winners, including an Epsom Derby winner at the age of twenty-three and three British Classic race winners. The performances of these horses led to her becoming one of the most important broodmares of the 20th century.

Foaled in England, Plucky Liege was bred by Lord Michelham. She was sired by Spearmint, a winner of the two major races in England and France at the time, the 1906 Epsom Derby and the Grand Prix de Paris. Her dam, Concertina, was un-raced daughter of the leading sire, St. Simon who was one of the most successful sires in history. Concertina was the dam of nine winners, but none of them were top class racehorses. Plucky Liege had three crosses of Stockwell and four crosses of Touchstone in her pedigree.

Leading sire in Great Britain and Ireland
The title of champion, or leading, sire of racehorses in Great Britain and Ireland is awarded to the stallion whose offspring have won the most prize money in Britain and Ireland during the flat racing season. The current (2023) champion is Frankel, who earned his first title in 2021.

Unlike the similar title for leading sire in North America, the stallion in question does not need to have resided in Great Britain or Ireland during his stud career, although the vast majority have done so. Northern Dancer is the most notable example of a North American-based stallion who won this title. The Northern Dancer sire line has dominated the list for the last several decades, mostly through his son Sadler's Wells (14 titles) and grandson Galileo (12 titles).

The 2016 novel Mount! by Jilly Cooper describes the process to gain the fictional title for global leading sire.
Bratislava Transport Museum
Bratislava Transport Museum (Múzeum dopravy Bratislava) is a transport museum in Bratislava, Slovakia. It is a branch of the Slovak Technical Museum in Košice, is situated on the site of the first steam-railway station in Bratislava on Šancová Street, near the current main railway station in central Bratislava. It opened on June 24, 1999.

Bratislava hlavná stanica
Bratislava hlavná stanica (abbreviated as Bratislava hl.st.; German: Pressburg Hauptbahnhof; Hungarian: Pozsony főpályaudvar) is the main railway station of the city of Bratislava, Slovakia. It averages about 60,000 passengers per day.

Apart from domestic routes, international routes from this station include trains to Austria, Croatia (summer only), the Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Poland, Serbia, and Switzerland.
2018 in archosaur paleontology
Paleontology portal

History of science portal

Dinosaurs portal

The year 2018 in archosaur paleontology was eventful. Archosaurs include the only living dinosaur group — birds — and the reptile crocodilians, plus all extinct dinosaurs, extinct crocodilian relatives, and pterosaurs. Archosaur palaeontology is the scientific study of those animals, especially as they existed before the Holocene Epoch began about 11,700 years ago. The year 2018 in paleontology included various significant developments regarding archosaurs.

This article records new taxa of fossil archosaurs of every kind that have been described during the year 2018, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to paleontology of archosaurs that occurred in the year 2018.

Gerald Mayr
Gerald Mayr is a German palaeontologist who is Curator of Ornithology at the Senckenberg Research Institute in Frankfurt am Main, Hesse. He has published extensively on fossil birds, especially the Paleogene avifauna of Europe. He is an expert on the Eocene fauna of the Messel pit.

In 2022, alongside Thomas Lechner and Madelaine Böhme, Mayr described Allgoviachen tortonica, a new genus and species of anatid bird from the Hammerschmiede clay pits of Bavaria, Germany.

Below is a list of taxa that Mayr has contributed to naming:
Woo Moon-gi
Woo Moon-gi  (born 1983), is a South Korean film director. Woo's directorial feature debut, the indie sports comedy The King of Jokgu (2013), has won various awards, including Best New Director and Special Jury Prize at the 20th Chunsa Film Art Awards, and Best Independent Film Director at the 15th Director's Cut Awards.

Modern Boy
Modern Boy (Korean: 모던 보이; RR: Modeon boi) is a 2008 South Korean period drama film written and directed by Jung Ji-woo. It follows a rich, hedonistic playboy (Park Hae-il) who cannot care less that his country was colonized, and falls head over heels in love with a beautiful independence fighter (Kim Hye-soo).
BassOmatic
In cryptography, BassOmatic is the symmetric-key cipher designed by Phil Zimmermann as part of his email encryption software PGP (in the first release, version 1.0). Comments in the source code indicate that he had been designing the cipher since as early as 1988, but it was not publicly released until 1991. After Eli Biham pointed out to him several serious weaknesses in the BassOmatic algorithm over lunch at the 1991 CRYPTO conference, Zimmermann replaced it with IDEA in subsequent versions of PGP.

The name is explained in this comment from the source code: "BassOmatic gets its name from an old Dan Aykroyd Saturday Night Live skit involving a blender and a whole fish. The BassOmatic algorithm does to data what the original BassOmatic did to the fish."

Symmetric-key algorithm
Symmetric-key algorithms are algorithms for cryptography that use the same cryptographic keys for both the encryption of plaintext and the decryption of ciphertext. The keys may be identical, or there may be a simple transformation to go between the two keys. The keys, in practice, represent a shared secret between two or more parties that can be used to maintain a private information link. The requirement that both parties have access to the secret key is one of the main drawbacks of symmetric-key encryption, in comparison to asymmetric-key encryption (also known as public-key encryption). However, symmetric-key encryption algorithms are usually better for bulk encryption. With exception of the one-time pad they have a smaller key size, which means less storage space and faster transmission. Due to this, asymmetric-key encryption is often used to exchange the secret key for symmetric-key encryption.
2011 FIFA Ballon d'Or
The 2011 FIFA Ballon d'Or Gala was the second year for FIFA's awards for the top football players and coaches of the year. The awards were given out in Zürich on 9 January 2012, with Lionel Messi claiming the title of world player of the year for the third time in a row.

The gala ceremony was hosted by former Ballon d'Or winner Ruud Gullit and broadcast journalist Kay Murray of Real Madrid TV and Fox Soccer Channel, with singer-songwriter James Blunt and his band providing musical entertainment.

Fox Soccer
Fox Soccer (formerly Fox Soccer Channel & Fox Sports World before that) was an American television specialty channel specializing in soccer, owned by 21st Century Fox, which operated from 1997 to 2013. It formerly broadcast rugby and Australian rules football, but in its final years it was devoted strictly to soccer.

Due to Fox consolidating its cable sports rights on the new general-interest channels Fox Sports 1 and Fox Sports 2, and following the loss of United States television rights to broadcast Premier League soccer events to NBC, Fox Soccer was replaced on September 2, 2013, by FXX, an entertainment sister network to FX. The vast majority of the remaining sports programming from Fox Soccer has been moved to Fox Sports 1 and Fox Sports 2, which launched on August 17, 2013. Fox Soccer Plus, a spin-off channel which launched in 2010, continues to operate.
Arthemesia
Arthemesia was a Finnish melodic black metal band active between 1994 and 2010. The band derives their name from Artemisia absinthium, Latin for wormwood, thought to have many spiritual qualities. Their music mainly concerns a projection of the band's philosophy, namely glorification of the occult and Satanism, but also nature and Shamanism.

The band was formed in 1994, originally under the name Celestial Agony by vocalist Valtias Mustatuuli and guitarist Routa, but did not record their first demo until 1998, by which time the band included Jari "Arbaal" Mäenpää (guitar), Jukka-Pekka Miettinen (bass), and Oliver Fokin (drums).

The band's first album, Devs Iratvs, was compiled from several demos they had recorded prior to its release in 2001. A first proper studio album, ShamaNatahs, was released in 2004. Mäenpää left to form a new band named Wintersun.

Artemisia absinthium
Artemisia absinthium, otherwise known as common wormwood, is a species of Artemisia native to North Africa and temperate regions of Eurasia, and widely naturalized in Canada and the northern United States. It is grown as an ornamental plant and is used as an ingredient in the spirit absinthe and some other alcoholic beverages.