hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
SPEAR
SPEAR (originally Stanford Positron Electron Accelerating Ring) was a particle physics collider at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory.  It began running in 1972, colliding electrons and positrons with an energy of 3 GeV, and collecting data about the resulting particles with the Mark I detector.  During the 1970s, experiments at the accelerator played a key role in particle physics research, including the discovery of the J/ψ meson (awarded the 1976 Nobel Prize in Physics), many charmonium states, and the discovery of the τ− lepton (awarded the 1995 Nobel Prize in Physics).

After its use as a particle collider had been superseded, the facility built for SPEAR was converted to a dedicated synchrotron radiation source for the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL) beamlines, known as SPEAR2. 
A major upgrade of the ring completed in 2004 gave it the current name SPEAR3.

Collider
A collider is a type of particle accelerator that brings two opposing particle beams together such that the particles collide. Compared to other particle accelerators in which the moving particles collide with a stationary matter target, colliders can achieve higher collision energies.  Colliders may either be ring accelerators or linear accelerators.

Colliders are used as a research tool in particle physics by accelerating particles to very high kinetic energy and letting them impact other particles. Analysis of the byproducts of these collisions gives scientists good evidence of the structure of the subatomic world and the laws of nature governing it. These may become apparent only at high energies and for extremely short periods of time, and therefore may be hard or impossible to study in other ways.
Marlins Television Network
From 1993 to 2005, the Marlins Television Network aired games to homes not only in South Florida but to other parts of Florida. The network was produced by the same crew that telecast Marlins games on cable television. When Fox Sports Florida signed an exclusive long-term deal for Marlins baseball starting in the 2006 season, that signaled the end of the Marlins Television Network as a majority of those telecasts would air on Sun Sports.

FanDuel Sports Network Florida
FanDuel Sports Network Florida is an American regional sports network owned by Main Street Sports Group (formerly Diamond Sports Group) and operated as an affiliate of FanDuel Sports Network. The channel broadcasts local sports coverage in the state of Florida, with a focus on professional sports teams based in Miami, Tampa and Orlando.

FanDuel Sports Network Florida maintains production facilities and offices located in Fort Lauderdale, alongside sister network FanDuel Sports Network Sun. The channel is available on cable television providers throughout Florida, and in parts of southern Alabama and Georgia; it is also available nationwide on satellite via DirecTV.
The Queen of Spades (1960 film)
The Queen of Spades (Russian: «Пиковая дама», romanized: Pikovaya dama) is a 1960 film adaptation of Tchaikovsky's opera The Queen of Spades, based on the 1834 Aleksandr Pushkin short story of the same name, and directed by Roman Tikhomirov.

The film, set in the 1820s, follows a man named Hermann, who has just returned from army service to Moscow. At the beginning of the film, he is in love with the beautiful young Liza - who is engaged to another - but soon he becomes fatally obsessed with learning the secret to a winning card combination from Liza's grandmother, the Countess.

The operatic singing was performed by Zurab Andzhaparidze, Tamara Milashkina, and Yevgeny Kibkalo.

For this film Oleg Strizhenov received the Aleksandr Pushkin's Big Gold Medal and the prize of the Russian Musical Fund of Irina Arkhipova "for the brilliant realization of the figure of Hermann in the film Queen of Spades".

Tamara Milashkina
Tamara Andreyevna Milashkina (née Mirnenko; Russian: Тамара Андреевна Милашкина [Мирненко]; 13 September 1934 – 10 January 2024) was a Russian lyric and dramatic soprano. A member of the Bolshoi Theatre from 1958 to 1989, she also appeared at La Scala in Milan, throughout Europe and at the Metropolitan Opera. She focused on roles by Tchaikovsky such as Lisa in Pique Dame and Tatyana in Eugene Onegin. She was the first Soviet soprano to be trained at the studio of La Scala in Milan, and her Italian repertoire included Verdi's Leonora in Il trovatore, Elisabetta in Don Carlo and Aida, and Puccini's Tosca.

She often appeared alongside her husband, the tenor Vladimir Atlantov, on stage and in recordings. She made many recordings, including less frequently performed Russian operas such as Tchaikovsky's The Oprichnik and Rimsky-Korsakov's The Noblewoman Vera Sheloga, and videos of Dargomyzhsky's The Stone Guest, Rimsky-Korsakov's Sadko, and Pique Dame.
Olav Gunnar Ballo
Olav Gunnar Ballo (born 22 October 1956) is a Norwegian former politician for the Socialist Left Party (SV). Ballo changed party to Arbeiderpartiet in 2011. Ballo was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Finnmark in 1997. He studied medicine at University of Würzburg, and has worked as a medical doctor. Ballo represented SV in Alta municipality council from 1991 to 1997. Ballo was the leader of the National Forensics Institute ("Rettsmedisinsk institutt") in Norway between 2009 and 2010/2011.

Ballo lost his daughter Kaja Bordevich Ballo in 2008. She committed suicide on 28 March 2008. This happened some hours after she had taken a Scientology personality test. The news made the front page of Norway's biggest newspapers, such as Verdens Gang and Dagbladet. Ballo divorced his first wife of 15 years in 1998. In 1999 he met, and later married, Heidi Sørensen, a politician for the Socialist Left.

Verdens Gang
Verdens Gang (lit. 'The course of the world'), generally known under the abbreviation VG, is a Norwegian tabloid newspaper. In 2016, circulation numbers stood at 93,883, declining from a peak circulation of 390,510 in 2002. Nevertheless, VG is the most-read online newspaper in Norway, with about 2 million daily readers.

Verdens Gang AS is a private company wholly owned by the public company Schibsted ASA.
HMCS Chaleur
Several Canadian naval units have been named HMCS Chaleur.

HMCS Chaleur I was a RCMP patrol vessel transferred to the Royal Canadian Navy in September 1939.  It was renamed Chaleur I and stationed at Saint Jean on Île-d'Orléans to inspect ships in the St. Lawrence River heading to Quebec City.

HMCS Chaleur II was a Royal Canadian Navy shore establishment in Quebec City that derived its name from HMCS Chaleur I.

HMCS Chaleur (MCB 144) (I) was a Bay-class minesweeper that served with the Royal Canadian Navy from June–September 1954 before being sold to France as La Dieppoise.  The name Chaleur was chosen in honour of the service of Chaleur I and Chaleur II during World War II.

HMCS Chaleur (MCB 164) (II) was a Bay-class minesweeper that served in the Royal Canadian Navy and later the Canadian Forces from 1957–1999. This ship used the same name as the first Chaleur but was issued a different pennant.

Bay-class minesweeper
The Bay-class minesweepers, also known as the Gaspé-class minesweepers, were a class of minesweepers operated by the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) and Canadian Forces (CF) during the Cold War. Their design was similar to the British Ton-class minesweepers.

The class derives its name from bays in Canada and was designed by the RCN as a replacement for Second World War-era minesweepers. Fourteen were laid down in 1951–1952, however six were subsequently transferred to the French Navy in 1954. These ships were replaced by six of the same name in 1956–1957 but were assigned new pennant numbers.

They were reclassed in Canadian Forces service as patrol escorts in 1972 and six vessels remained in service until the late 1990s, providing coastal surveillance and shiphandling experience for junior officers with Maritime Forces Pacific.
Pachyaena
Pachyaena (literally, "thick hyena") was a genus of heavily built, relatively short-legged mesonychids. Mesonychids were part of the now extinct order known as Mesonychia, a group mammalian predators that evolved before modern ungulates or carnivorans. Despite this, mesonychians are found to have combined characteristics of both carnivorans and ungulates. The genus likely originated from Asia and dispersed to Europe, and from there to North America across a land bridge in what is now the North Atlantic ocean. Pachyaena would later be replaced by Dissacus in Europe.

Land bridge
In biogeography, a land bridge is an isthmus or wider land connection between otherwise separate areas, over which animals and plants are able to cross and colonize new lands. A land bridge can be created by marine regression, in which sea levels fall, exposing shallow, previously submerged sections of continental shelf; or when new land is created by plate tectonics; or occasionally when the sea floor rises due to post-glacial rebound after an ice age.
Urdaneta Park Landmark Monument
The Urdaneta Park Landmark Monument is a memorial in the city of Urdaneta in Pangasinan, Philippines. It is dedicated to Spanish maritime explorer, Andrés de Urdaneta who is also the namesake of the city. It is the centerpiece of the Fray Andres de Urdaneta Park which is situated in front of the Urdaneta City Hall in Barangay Anonas.

Sculptors Napoleon Abueva and Abdulmari Imao, landscape artist Ildefonso Santos and writer Alejandro Roces where involved in the creation of the monument. All four are already recognized as National Artists of the Philippines at the time of the monument's conception. Ben Cabrera also contributed a mural for the Urdaneta Park. The monument was unveiled in 2009.

Benedicto Cabrera
Benedicto Reyes Cabrera (born April 10, 1942), better known as "BenCab", is a Filipino painter who was conferred a National Artist of the Philippines for Visual Arts (Painting) in 2006. He has been noted as "arguably the best-selling painter of his generation of Filipino artists."
Malkangiri
Malkangiri, historically known as Malikamardhangiri, is a town and municipality in Malkangiri district in the Indian state of Odisha. It is the headquarter of the Malkangiri district. Malkangiri has been the new home of the East Bengali refugees from erstwhile East Pakistan (present day Bangladesh), who have been rehabilitated since 1965 under the Dandakaranya Project. Some Sri Lankan Tamil refugees were also rehabilitated in the town, following the armed struggle of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) in the early 1990s, although most of them have now returned to their country. Currently, it is one of the most naxalite-affected areas of the state, and is a part of the Red Corridor.

East Bengali refugees
East Bengali Refugees are people who left East Bengal following the Partition of Bengal, which was part of the Independence of India and Pakistan in 1947. An overwhelming majority of these refugees and immigrants were Bengali Hindus. During the Bangladesh liberation war with West Pakistan, an estimated ten million people of East Pakistan (present-day Bangladesh) fled the country and took refuge in India particularly in the Indian states of West Bengal and Indian North East region, especially Tripura and Assam.
Za'ura, Syria
Za'ura (Arabic: زعورة), was a Syrian Alawite village situated in the northwestern Golan Heights.

The German explorer Ulrich Jasper Seetzen visited Za'ura in 1806 during his travels in the region.

In 1838, Eli Smith noted Za'ura's population as Alawites.

In 1888 the village consisted of 65 dwellings and 350 residents. They grew rice in the Hula marshes and tobacco around the village.

Before 1967, it was one of three mainly Alawite villages in the Golan Heights  together with 'Ayn Fit and Ghajar. After Israel occupied the area in the Six-Day War, they began destroying Syrian villages in the Golan Heights. Za'ura was destroyed in 1967.

Ulrich Jasper Seetzen
Ulrich Jasper Seetzen (30 January 1767 – September 1811) also known as Musa Al-Hakim was a German explorer of Arabia and Palestine from Jever, German Frisia. An alternative spelling of his name, Ulrich Iospar Sentzen, is sometimes seen in scientific publications.
Khandaker Mahbub Hossain
Advocate Khandaker Mahbub Hossain (20 March 1938 – 31 December 2022) was a Bangladeshi lawyer and politician. In 1973, he was the chief prosecutor of the court set up to try war criminals under 'Dalal' Act. He served as Bangladesh Supreme Court Bar Association President and Supreme Court Bar Council Vice Chairman. He was known as a criminal law expert in Bangladesh.

Bangladesh Collaborators (Special Tribunals) Order, 1972
Bangladesh Collaborators (Special Tribunals) Order, 1972 was enacted by the Government of Bangladesh to establish a tribunal to prosecute local collaborators who helped or supported the Pakistan Army during the Bangladesh war of independence and the 1971 Bangladesh genocide. An estimated 11,000 collaborators were arrested. An estimated 2,884 cases were filed at the tribunal until October 1973. Of those accused, 752 were sentenced. Many detainees were released after the 15 August 1975 Bangladeshi coup d'état.
Frari (surname)
Frari is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Angelo Antonio Frari (1780–1865), Dalmatian physician

Michele Carlo Frari (1813–1896), professor of obstetrics

Luigi Frari (1813–1898), physician and political activist

Angelo Antonio Frari
Angelo Antonio Frari (Croat. Anđeo Antun) (1780 – 1865) was a Dalmatian physician, who served as the municipal physician and the head of the lazaretto of Split, province of Spalato (1806–1821), the protomedicus, and the president of the Maritime Health Magistrate of Venice (1835–1843), famous epidemiologist and historian of medicine.
Hata Dam (Yamaguchi)
Hata Dam is a gravity dam located in Yamaguchi prefecture in Japan. The dam is used for irrigation. The catchment area of the dam is 6.2 km2. The dam impounds about 10  ha of land when full and can store 637 thousand cubic meters of water. The construction of the dam was completed in 1971.

Yamaguchi Prefecture
Yamaguchi Prefecture (山口県, Yamaguchi-ken) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Chūgoku region of Honshu. Yamaguchi Prefecture has a population of 1,377,631 (1 February 2018) and has a geographic area of 6,112 km2 (2,359 sq mi). Yamaguchi Prefecture borders Shimane Prefecture to the north and Hiroshima Prefecture to the northeast.

Yamaguchi is the capital and Shimonoseki is the largest city of Yamaguchi Prefecture, with other major cities including Ube, Shūnan, and Iwakuni. Yamaguchi Prefecture is located at the western tip of Honshu with coastlines on the Sea of Japan and Seto Inland Sea, and separated from the island of Kyushu by the Kanmon Straits.
Nisa, Portugal
Nisa, officially the Notable Town of Nisa, is a municipality in Portalegre District in Portugal. The population in 2011 was 7,450, in an area of 575.68 km2.

The present Mayor is Maria Idalina Alves Trindade (PS - Partido Socialista). The municipal holiday is Easter Monday.

In addition, it lends its name to Queijo de Nisa, a Portuguese sheep cheese with a protected designation of origin (PDO).

Protected designation of origin
The protected designation of origin (PDO) is a type of geographical indication of the European Union aimed at preserving the designations of origin of food-related products. The designation was created in 1992 and its main purpose is to designate products that have been produced, processed and developed in a specific geographical area, using the recognized know-how of local producers and ingredients from the region concerned.
Sam's Lake
Sam's Lake is a horror film written and directed by Andrew C. Erin which premiered in 2006 at the Tribeca Film Festival. The film was based on actual events that took place at Sam's Lake, Ontario. Starring Sandrine Holt, Fay Masterson, and William Gregory Lee, the film was shot at ten locations in Nanaimo, Nanaimo Lakes, Cedar, and Yellow Point, British Columbia.

Nanaimo
Nanaimo (/nəˈnaɪmoʊ/ nə-NY-moh) is a city on the east coast of Vancouver Island, in British Columbia, Canada. "The Harbour City" was previously known as the "Hub City", which was attributed to its original layout design with streets radiating from the shoreline like the spokes of a wagon wheel, and to its relatively central location on Vancouver Island. Nanaimo is the headquarters of the Regional District of Nanaimo.

Nanaimo is served by the Island Highway along the east coast, the BC Ferries system, and its regional airport. It is also on the dormant Island Rail Corridor.
Back It Up (Prince Royce song)
"Back It Up" is a 2015 song by American singer Prince Royce, featuring Jennifer Lopez and Pitbull. The song was released on May 4, 2015, as the second single taken from Royce's fourth studio album, Double Vision.

There are three versions available, a Spanglish version and a Spanish version, with both making chart appearances, and the original 
English version, featuring only Pitbull.

"Back It Up" marks as the eighth of nine collaborations between Lopez and Pitbull, in lined with "Fresh Out the Oven" in 2009, "On the Floor" in 2011, "Dance Again" in 2012, "Live It Up" in 2013, "We Are One (Ole Ola)" in 2014 with  Claudia Leitte, "Booty" in 2014, a song entitled "Drinks for You (Ladies Anthem)" from Pitbull's Global Warming album in 2012 and followed by "Sexy Body" off his album Climate Change released in 2017.

Climate Change (album)
Climate Change is the tenth studio album by Cuban-American rapper Pitbull. It was released on March 17, 2017, through RCA Records, Polo Grounds Music and Mr. 305 Inc. The production on the album was handled by multiple producers including Dr. Luke, Ricky Reed, Ian Kirkpatrick, Cirkut and The Monsters & Strangerz among others. The album also features guest appearances by Kiesza, Robin Thicke, Travis Barker, Flo Rida, Enrique Iglesias, Stephen Marley, Ty Dolla Sign, Jennifer Lopez, Jason Derulo, Austin Mahone and R. Kelly among others.

Climate Change was supported by four singles: "Messin' Around", "Greenlight", "Options" and "Better On Me". The album received generally positive reviews from music critics but despite that received small commercial success. The album debuted at number 29 on the US Billboard 200 chart, earning 14,000 album-equivalent units in its first week.
LV 14 Sula
LV 14 Sula is a former Humber Conservancy Board lightvessel built in 1958 by Cook, Welton & Gemmell. Originally named SPURN, she was stationed on the Humber Estuary until decommissioning in 1985.

Since 2020 she has been privately owned and moored in Llanthony Wharf at Gloucester Docks to provide floating holiday accommodation under the name LV14 SULA.

LV 14 is on the National Historic Ships UK register as "Light Vessel 14 Sula".

In 2024, a debut documentary film by director Tim Veremieienko was released about the history of the ship and its owners, Colin and Vivienne Brooks. The film shows previously unseen parts of the vessel and introduces viewers to life onboard of the unique ship. The world premiere took place at the Gloucester Independent Film Festival at Gloucester Guildhall, and in March 2024 the film was first shown in Canada as part of the Living Skies festival. The film was warmly welcomed by public and received a number of nominations and awards on other festivals.

National Historic Ships UK
National Historic Ships UK  is a government-funded independent organisation that advises UK governments and others on matters relating to historic ships. It is sponsored by the Headley Trust, the National Lottery Heritage Fund and the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport.
Al Jazeera controversies
Al Jazeera Media Network is a media company headquartered in Doha, Qatar. Its flagship news channels are Al Jazeera Arabic and Al Jazeera English. According to Al Jazeera, its Arabic and English channels are editorially independent from one another. Al Jazeera has been involved in a number of controversies. Some of its reporting has drawn criticism or objections from governments. In addition, Al Jazeera journalists have faced unlawful detention in certain countries, and the network or its reporters have been restricted or banned from operating in some countries.

Al Jazeera Investigations
Al Jazeera Investigations also known as the Al Jazeera Investigative Unit or the I-Unit is a specialized investigative journalism team within Al Jazeera. The unit is known for producing in-depth investigative reports and documentaries on a wide range of global issues, including politics, human rights and corruption. It produces a podcast called Al Jazeera Investigates.
Zarate, Álava
Zarate (Basque pronunciation: [s̻aɾate], Spanish: Zárate [ˈθaɾate]) is a hamlet and concejo located in the municipality of Zuia, in Álava province, Basque Country, Spain. It is located 20 km north-northwest of Vitoria-Gasteiz.

Concejo (Álava)
The concejos (Basque: kontzejuak, Spanish: concejos) are a type of sub-municipal administrative unit in the province of Álava, Basque Country, Spain.

Within the Spanish legal framework, the general name for such sub-municipal units is minor local entity (formally in Spanish: entidad de ámbito territorial inferior al municipio, lit. 'entity of sub-municipal territorial scope' also known by their acronym EATIMs).

The existence of concejos in Álava is documented since the 13th century. Their current status dates from 1984, when a law providing for elections to the concejos was passed; and from 1995, when their juridical status was clarified.
LGBTQ rights in Algeria
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer or questioning (LGBTQ) people in Algeria face legal challenges and discrimination not experienced by non-LGBTQ residents. According to the International Lesbian and Gay Association's May 2008 report, both female and male same-sex sexual acts are illegal in Algeria. Homophobic attitudes are normalised within Algerian society, and LGBTQ people are commonly subjected to discrimination and potential arrest.

International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association
The International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association (ILGA) is an LGBTQ+ rights organization.

It participates in a multitude of agendas within the United Nations, such as creating visibility for LGBTQ+ issues by conducting advocacy and outreach at the Human Rights Council, working with members to help their government improve LGBTI rights, ensuring LGBTI members are not forgotten in international law, and advocating for LBTI women's issues at the Commission on the Status of Women.
Ray Gelato
Ray Keith Irwin (born 25 October 1961), known professionally by his stage name Ray Gelato, is a British jazz, swing and jump blues saxophonist, singer and bandleader. He is known as one of the major forces in the revival of swing music. Gelato has performed in a private capacity for Richard Branson, Paul McCartney and Elizabeth II amongst others.

AllMusic noted that "Gelato has been hugely successful, finding a niche and retaining his dominance in it through hard work, good musicianship and a flair for showmanship". Jools Holland meanwhile opined that "He plays what he means, and means what he plays".

Swing music
Swing music is a style of jazz that developed in the United States during the late 1920s and early 1930s. It became nationally popular from the mid-1930s. Swing represents the most famous era of jazz as a genre of entertainment, before the emergence of modern jazz. Swing bands usually featured soloists who would improvise on the melody over the arrangement. The danceable swing style of big bands and bandleaders such as Fletcher Henderson and Benny Goodman was the dominant form of American popular music from 1935 to 1946, known as the swing era, when people were dancing the Lindy Hop. The verb "to swing" is also used as a term of praise for playing that has a strong groove or drive. Big band leaders of the swing era include Benny Goodman, Duke Ellington, Count Basie, Jimmie Lunceford, Cab Calloway, Benny Carter, Jimmy Dorsey, Tommy Dorsey, Earl Hines, Bunny Berigan, Harry James, Lionel Hampton, Glenn Miller, and Artie Shaw.